hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
MXenes
In materials science, MXenes (pronounced "max-enes") are a class of two-dimensional inorganic compounds along with MBorenes, that consist of atomically thin layers of transition metal carbides, nitrides, or carbonitrides. MXenes accept a variety of hydrophilic terminations. The first MXene was reported in 2011 at Drexel University's College of Engineering, and was named by combining the prefix "MAX" or "MX" (for MAX phases), with "ene" by analogy to graphene.

Drexel University College of Engineering
The Drexel University College of Engineering is the university's flagship college, founded in 1891 by banker A.J. Drexel to prepare his hometown Philadelphians to participate in opportunities provided by the Industrial Revolution. The college has six departments, 11 undergraduate programs/majors, and 17 graduate degree programs at its main campus in the University City section of Philadelphia, one block from 30th Street Station.

The college is listed in the U.S. News & World Report 2023-24 rankings as #54 for Best Undergraduate Engineering Programs and #97 in Best Engineering Schools (graduate). Drexel was cited by Forbes magazine as one of the top 25 STEM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics) schools in the country. The Material Science and Engineering depart was ranked #29 for Global Universities in 2023 by U.S. News & World Report.
Ossicular replacement prosthesis
In medicine, an ossicular replacement prosthesis is a device intended to be implanted for the functional reconstruction of segments of the ossicles and facilitates the conduction of sound waves from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear. There are two common types of ossicular replacement prostheses, the total ossicular replacement prosthesis (TORP) and partial ossicular replacement prosthesis (PORP). A TORP replaces the entire ossicular chain while a PORP replaces only the incus and malleus but not the stapes. Indications for use of an ossicular replacement prosthesis include:

Chronic middle ear disease

Otosclerosis

Congenital fixation of the stapes

Secondary surgical intervention to correct for a significant and persistent conductive hearing loss from prior otologic surgery

Surgically correctable injury to the middle ear from trauma

Middle ear
The middle ear is the portion of the ear medial to the eardrum, and distal to the oval window of the cochlea (of the inner ear).

The mammalian middle ear contains three ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes), which transfer the vibrations of the eardrum into waves in the fluid and membranes of the inner ear.  The hollow space of the middle ear is also known as the tympanic cavity and is surrounded by the tympanic part of the temporal bone. The auditory tube (also known as the Eustachian tube or the pharyngotympanic tube) joins the tympanic cavity with the nasal cavity (nasopharynx), allowing pressure to equalize between the middle ear and throat.

The primary function of the middle ear is to efficiently transfer acoustic energy from compression waves in air to fluid–membrane waves within the cochlea.
Chauncey Eskridge
Chauncey Eskridge (November 11, 1917 – January 18, 1988) was an American attorney and judge. He provided legal counseling for activist Martin Luther King Jr., one of the leaders of the civil rights movement. He served on the legal team of world heavyweight boxing champion Muhammad Ali, and argued the Clay v. United States case in which the Supreme Court of the United States overturned Ali's conviction for refusing to serve in the United States Army during the Vietnam War.

Eskridge was also a U.S. Army Air Force officer and combat fighter pilot with the 332nd Fighter Group's 99th Fighter Squadron, best known as the Tuskegee Airmen, "Red Tails," or “Schwartze Vogelmenschen” ("Black Birdmen") among enemy German pilots.

332d Expeditionary Operations Group
The 332d Expeditionary Operations Group is a provisional air expeditionary group of the United States Air Force's Air Combat Command, currently active. It was inactivated on 8 May 2012 and reactivated 16 November 2014.

The group forms part of the lineage of the World War II 332d Fighter Group, known as the Tuskegee Airmen. This title refers to all who trained in the Army Air Forces African-American pilot training program at Moton Field and Tuskegee Army Air Field, Alabama, between 1941 and 1945. It includes pilots, navigators, bombardiers, maintenance and support staff, instructors, and personnel who kept aircraft flying.
Ada Rybachuk
Ada Fedorivna Rybachuk (27 June 1931 – 22 September 2010) was a Ukrainian muralist, painter, sculptor and architect, Honored Artist of Ukraine, member of the National Union of Artists of Ukraine,  honorary member of the National Union of Cinematographers of Ukraine, honorary citizen of Naryan-Mar. She worked closely with her husband Volodymyr Melnychenko.

Naryan-Mar
Naryan-Mar (Russian: Нарья́н-Мар; Nenets: Няръяна мар, romanized: Njarjana mar, lit. 'red town') is a sea and river port town and the administrative center of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, Russia. The town is situated on the right bank of the Pechora River, 110 kilometers (68 mi) upstream from the river's mouth, on the Barents Sea. Naryan-Mar lies north of the Arctic Circle. Population: 21,658 (2010 census); 18,611 (2002 census); 20,182 (1989 Soviet census); 17,000 (1973). About half of the population of Nenetsia lives in the city.
2022 NCAA Division III women's basketball tournament
The 2022 NCAA Division III women's basketball tournament was the tournament hosted by the NCAA to determine the national champion of Division III women's collegiate basketball in the United States for the 2021–22 NCAA Division III women's basketball season.

The championship rounds were played at the UPMC Cooper Fieldhouse in Pittsburgh, March 17–19, 2022. The final game had Hope beating Whitewater 71–58.

This was the first tournament since 2019, as the two previous editions in 2020 and 2021 were both canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

UPMC Cooper Fieldhouse
UPMC Cooper Fieldhouse, originally known as A.J. Palumbo Center, is a 3,500-seat multi-purpose arena in the Uptown area of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The arena originally opened in 1988 and is part of Duquesne University. It is home to both the Duquesne Dukes basketball and volleyball programs. Access to the building is available from both Interstate 376 and Interstate 579.
Larry Hale
Larry James Hale (October 9, 1941 – September 27, 2019) was a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman who played four seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Philadelphia Flyers from 1968 to 1972 and six seasons in the World Hockey Association (WHA) with the Houston Aeros from 1972 to 1978. He retired to Penticton, British Columbia later in his life, and died there in 2019 at the age of 77.

Penticton
Penticton (/pɛnˈtɪktən/ pen-TIK-tən) is a city in the Okanagan Valley of British Columbia, Canada, situated between Okanagan and Skaha lakes. In the 2021 Canadian Census, its population was 36,885, while its census agglomeration population was 47,380.
Ataweni Pudumaya
Ataweni Pudumaya is a 1968 Sri Lankan film directed by S. Mastan and produced by K. Gunaratnam. The film stars Joe Abeywickrama and Sandhya Kumari in lead roles whereas Clarice de Silva, Senadheera Rupasinghe and Thalatha Gunasekara made supportive roles. Music was directed by R. Muttusamy.

K. Gunaratnam
Kanagasabai Gunaratnam (20 July 1917 – 9 August 1989; Tamil: கனகசபை குணரத்தினம்; Sinhala: කනකසබේ ගුණරත්නම්), popularly known as K. Gunaratnam was a prolific film producer in Sri Lankan cinema. Started his film producing career during post-independent Ceylon, Gunaratnam is the pioneer to establish two Sinhala film studios: 'Cinemas Limited' and 'Vijaya Studios', where he produced more than 20 blockbuster and commercial movies.
Cairney
Cairney is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gemma Cairney (born 1985), English radio and television presenter

Harry Cairney (born 1961), Scottish footballer

Jim Cairney (1931–2018), Scottish footballer

Joe Cairney (1956–2009), Scottish footballer

John Cairney (1930–2023), Scottish actor

John Cairney (anatomist) (1898–1966), New Zealand doctor and writer

John Cairney (mycologist) (1959–2012), Scottish-Australian mycologist

Paul Cairney (born 1987), Scottish footballer

Tom Cairney (born 1991), Scottish footballer

Harry Cairney
Henry "Harry" Cairney (born 1 September 1961) is a Scottish former football  player and manager. He made over 700 appearances in the Scottish Football League for Airdrieonians, Stenhousemuir and Brechin City. Cairney has also managed Annan Athletic and Arbroath.
Huai Mae Thawip
Huai Mae Thawip (Thai: ห้วยแม่ทวีป, pronounced [hûa̯j mɛ̂ː tʰā.wîːp]) is a watercourse in the provinces of Kanchanaburi and Suphan Buri, Thailand. It is a tributary of Huai Krasiao, part of the Tha Chin River basin.

Suphan Buri province
Suphan Buri (Thai: สุพรรณบุรี, pronounced [sù.pʰān būrīː]), located in the central  region  of Thailand, is one of the country's 76 provinces (จังหวัด, changwat), its first-level administrative divisions. Suphan Buri's neighbouring provinces are (from north clockwise) Uthai Thani, Chai Nat, Sing Buri, Ang Thong, Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya, Nakhon Pathom and Kanchanaburi. In 2018, the province had a population of around 848,700, making up about 1.28% of the Thailand's total.

Suphan Buri Province has a moderately diverse ethnic population, the majority of which are of Tai, Mon, Lao, Chinese, and Khmer descent.: 4
2005 WAC men's basketball tournament
The 2005 WAC men's basketball tournament  was held in the Lawlor Events Center in Reno, Nevada between Tuesday, March 8, and Saturday, March 12.  The winners of the tournament were the #2 seeded UTEP.  This was the final season before the conference was restructured before the 2005–06 season.

2004–05 UTEP Miners men's basketball team
The 2004–05 UTEP Miners men's basketball team represented the University of Texas at El Paso as a member of the Western Athletic Conference during the 2004–05 college basketball season. The team was led by second-year head coach Doc Sadler and played their home games at the Don Haskins Center in El Paso, Texas.
Russell Brice
Russell Reginald Brice (born 3 July 1952) is a New Zealand mountaineer. He was the owner/manager of Himex (Himalayan Experience Ltd.), a climbing expedition company. He has summited Cho Oyu seven times, Himal Chuli and Mount Everest twice, as well as Manaslu in October 2010, which was his 14th summit of an 8000 m peak.

The Wildest Dream
The Wildest Dream is a 2010 theatrical-release feature documentary film about the British climber George Mallory who disappeared on Mount Everest in 1924 with his climbing partner Andrew Irvine. The film interweaves two stories, one about climber Conrad Anker (who discovered Mallory's body lying on Everest in 1999) returning to Everest to investigate Mallory's disappearance and the other a biography of Mallory told through letters (read by Ralph Fiennes and Natasha Richardson, in her final film), original film footage from the 1920s and archival photos. The film was released in the US and on giant screen cinemas around the world by National Geographic Entertainment in August 2010 as The Wildest Dream: Conquest of Everest. The film was released in the UK by Serengeti Entertainment in September 2010 as The Wildest Dream.
Antinoöpolis
Antinoöpolis (also Antinoopolis, Antinoë, Antinopolis; Ancient Greek: Ἀντινόου πόλις; Coptic: ⲁⲛⲧⲓⲛⲱⲟⲩ Antinow; Arabic: انصنا, romanized: Ansinā, modern Arabic: الشيخ عبادة, modern Sheikh 'Ibada or Sheik Abāda) was a city founded at an older Egyptian village by the Roman emperor Hadrian to commemorate his deified young beloved, Antinoüs, on the east bank of the Nile, not far from the site in Upper Egypt where Antinoüs drowned in 130 AD. Antinoöpolis was a little to the south of the Egyptian village of Besa (Βῆσσα), named after the god and oracle of Bes. Antinoöpolis was built at the foot of the hill upon which Besa was seated. The city is located nearly opposite Hermopolis Magna and was connected to Berenice Troglodytica by the Via Hadriana.

Upper Egypt
Upper Egypt (Arabic: صعيد مصر Ṣaʿīd Miṣr, shortened to الصعيد, Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [es.sˤe.ˈʕiːd], locally: [es.sˤɑ.ˈʕiːd]) is the southern portion of Egypt and is composed of the Nile River valley south of the delta and the 30th parallel North. It thus starts at Beni Suef and stretches down to Lake Nasser (formed by the Aswan High Dam).
Yee Haw
"Yee Haw" is  a  song co-written and recorded by American country music artist Jake Owen. It was released in February 2006 as his debut single and the first from his debut album Startin' with Me. The song peaked at number 16 on the US Billboard Hot Country Songs chart, and reached number 83 on the Billboard Hot 100. Owen wrote this song with Casey Beathard and Kendell Marvel.

Startin' with Me
Startin' with Me is the debut studio album by American country music artist Jake Owen, released in July 2006 (see 2006 in country music) on RCA Records Nashville. Singles released from the album include "Yee Haw", the title track, and "Something About a Woman", all of which have charted on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts. "Yee Haw", the first of these three, reached number 16, "Startin' with Me" was the highest-peaking, at number 6, and "Something About a Woman" peaked at number 15.

Owen wrote the song "Ghosts" for Kenny Chesney. Although Chesney expressed interest in the song, he ultimately did not record it. Also included on this album is "You Can Thank Dixie", which Jake Owen recorded as a duet with former Alabama lead singer Randy Owen (no relation). Jake Owen re-recorded "Eight Second Ride" on his second album, 2009's Easy Does It, and released this rendition as a single in 2009.
Vitae duorum Offarum
The  Vitae duorum Offarum "The lives of the two Offas" is a literary history written in the mid-thirteenth century, apparently by the St Albans monk Matthew Paris; however, the most recent editor and translator of the work rejects this attribution and argues for an earlier date, in the late twelfth century. The earliest editor, William Wats, argues that the texts are older than Matthew's day but were revised by him; he bases this view on stylistic elements, such as the inclusion in the first Vita of a quotation from Lucan (Pharsalia I. 92–3) which also appears repeatedly in Matthew's Chronica maiora.

St Albans
St Albans (/sənt ˈɔːlbənz/) is a cathedral city in Hertfordshire, England, east of Hemel Hempstead and west of Hatfield, 20 miles (32 km) north-west of London, 8 miles (13 km) south-west of Welwyn Garden City and 11 miles (18 km) south-east of Luton. St Albans was the first major town on the old Roman road of Watling Street for travellers heading north and became the city of Verulamium. It has a population of 82,146.
Tumul, Suntarsky District, Sakha Republic
Tumul (Russian: Тумул; Yakut: Тумул, Tumul) is a rural locality (a selo), one of two settlements, in addition to Kutana, the administrative centre of the Rural Okrug, in Kutaninsky Rural Okrug of Suntarsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located 87 kilometers (54 mi) from Suntar, the administrative center of the district and 8 kilometers (5.0 mi) from Khordogoy. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 13.

Kutana
Kutana (Russian: Кутана) is the name of several rural localities in the Sakha Republic, Russia:

Kutana, Suntarsky District, Sakha Republic, a selo in Kutaninsky Rural Okrug of Suntarsky District of the Sakha Republic

Kutana, Aldansky District, Sakha Republic, a selo in Anaminsky National Rural Okrug of Aldansky District of the Sakha Republic
The Stanley Clarke Band
The Stanley Clarke Band is an album by the Stanley Clarke Band led by jazz bassist Stanley Clarke. It was released by Heads Up Record in June 2010 and was produced by Clarke and Lenny White. Band members include Ruslan Sirota on keyboard, Ronald Bruner, Jr. on drums and featured performer Hiromi on piano.

The album was awarded the 2011 Grammy for Best Contemporary Jazz Album and the track "No Mystery" was nominated for Best Pop Instrumental Performance. The Guardian gave the album three stars, calling it a "return to a funk repertoire reminiscent of Clarke's roots in Chick Corea electric bands", while AllMusic gave it a score of three-and-a-half stars.  It is also the second Stanley Clarke album to be credited to the Stanley Clarke Band after his 1985 album Find Out!.

Bob Sheppard (musician)
Bob Sheppard is an American jazz musician who plays saxophone, clarinet, and flute. He has been a touring and studio musician for albums, film, and television and has released solo albums.

He has worked with Billy Childs, Chick Corea, Leonard Cohen, Herbie Hancock, Freddie Hubbard, Steely Dan, Mike Stern, Randy Brecker, Michael Brecker, Scott Henderson, Lyle Mays, Peter Erskine, John Beasley, Bob Mintzer, and Joni Mitchell. He has taught at the Thorton School Of Music at the University of Southern California.

He plays the saxophone solo on Al Jarreau's rendition of "Blue Skies" which accompanies the end credits of the film Glengarry Glen Ross.
Joya no Kane
Joya no Kane (除夜の鐘) lit. 'midnight bell' is a Japanese Buddhist event held annually on New Year's Eve. The bell, or bonshō, is struck at midnight of December 31, as a part of the Ōmisoka celebrations. Most temples ring the bell 108 times. It is celebrated mainly in Japan, but also in South Korea and at Japanese Buddhist temples around the world.

Buddhism in Japan
Buddhism was first established in Japan in the 6th century CE. Most of the Japanese Buddhists belong to new schools of Buddhism which were established in the Kamakura period (1185－1333). During the Edo period (1603–1868), Buddhism was controlled by the feudal Shogunate. The Meiji period (1868–1912) saw a strong response against Buddhism, with persecution and a forced separation between Buddhism and Shinto (Shinbutsu bunri).

The largest sects of Japanese Buddhism are Pure Land Buddhism with 22 million believers, followed by Nichiren Buddhism with 10 million believers, Shingon Buddhism with 5.4 million, Zen Buddhism with 5.3 million, Tendai Buddhism with 2.8 million, and only about 700,000 for the six old schools established in the Nara period (710－794).
1809 Virginia gubernatorial election
A gubernatorial election was held in Virginia on December 7, 1809. The incumbent governor of Virginia John Tyler Sr. was re-elected without opposition.

The election was conducted by the Virginia General Assembly in joint session. Tyler was elected with a majority on the first ballot.

Governor of Virginia
The governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia is the head of government of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The governor is head of the executive branch of the government of Virginia and is the commander-in-chief of the Virginia National Guard and Virginia Defense Force.

Three signatories of the Declaration of Independence served as governor of Virginia and three governors became president of the United States: Thomas Jefferson, James Monroe, and John Tyler.

The current officeholder is Abigail Spanberger, a member of the Democratic Party who took office on January 17, 2026. She is Virginia's first female governor.
Stephen L. Field
Stephen L. Field is an American literary scholar, academic, and author. He is the J.K. and Ingrid Lee Endowed Professor of Chinese Language & Literature in the Department of Modern Languages and Literatures at Trinity University.

Field is most known for his works in pre-Qin Chinese literature and early Chinese cosmology, particularly in relation to the ancient art of fengshui. His website, FengshuiGate.com, features essays he has written on various aspects of fengshui, along with his translation of the earliest fengshui classic, the Zangshu, or Book of Burial.

Chinese literature
The history of Chinese literature extends thousands of years, and begins with the earliest recorded inscriptions, court archives, building to the major works of philosophy and history written during the Axial Age. The Han (202 BC – 220 AD) and Tang (618–907 AD) dynasties were considered golden ages of poetry, while the Song (960–1279) and Yuan (1271–1368) were notable for their lyrics (ci), essays, dramas, and plays. During the Ming and Qing, mature novels were written in written vernacular Chinese, an evolution from the preeminence of Literary Chinese patterned off the language of the Chinese classics. The introduction of widespread woodblock printing during the Tang and the invention of movable type printing by Bi Sheng (990–1051) during the Song rapidly spread written knowledge throughout China. Around the turn of the 20th century, the author Lu Xun (1881–1936) is considered an influential voice of vernacular Chinese literature.
Public housing estates in Ma On Shan
The following is a list of Public housing estates in Ma On Shan, Hong Kong, including Home Ownership Scheme (HOS), Private Sector Participation Scheme (PSPS), Sandwich Class Housing Scheme (SCHS), Flat-for-Sale Scheme (FFSS), and Tenants Purchase Scheme (TPS) estates.

Flat-for-Sale Scheme
Flat-for-Sale Scheme is a housing development scheme by Hong Kong Housing Society in the 1980s. The flats under the scheme are for sale at a concessionary price.  It is similar to Home Ownership Scheme by Hong Kong Housing Authority.

The first estate was the Clague Garden Estate.
C. Stuart Gager
Charles Stuart Gager (December 23, 1872 – August 9, 1943) was an American botanist who served as director of the Brooklyn Botanic Garden for over 30 years. He served as president of the Botanical Society of America and the Torrey Botanical Club. Born in Norwich, New York, he graduated from Syracuse University in 1895, and earned a PhD at Cornell in 1902. Between 1895 and 1910 he taught biology and botany at New York State Normal College, Rutgers University, New York University, and the University of Missouri, and was laboratory director at the New York Botanical Garden. He was called to direct the Brooklyn Botanical Garden in 1910, and under his directorship the Garden expanded its role in public education, especially children's education. His works include the textbooks Fundamentals of Botany (1916) and General Botany, with Special Reference to its Economic Aspects (1926). He died in Waterville, Maine.

Botanical Society of America
The Botanical Society of America (BSA) represents professional and amateur botanists, researchers, educators and students in over 80 countries of the world. It functions as a United States nonprofit 501(c)(3)  membership society.
Fencing at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's épée
The men's épée was one of ten fencing events on the fencing at the 2000 Summer Olympics programme. It was the twenty-third appearance of the event. The competition was held on 16 September 2000. 42 fencers from 22 nations competed. Each nation was limited to three fencers. The event was won by Pavel Kolobkov of Russia, the nation's second consecutive victory in the men's individual épée (Aleksandr Beketov had won in 1996). Russia joined a five-way tie for third-most gold medals in the event at two (behind Italy at six and France at five). Kolobkov, who had a silver medal in 1992 representing the Unified Team, was the 11th man to win multiple medals in the event. France's Hugues Obry took silver in Sydney, returning France to the podium after a one-Games absence snapped a four-Games medal streak. Lee Sang-ki earned South Korea's first medal in the event with his bronze.

Lee Sang-ki (fencer)
Lee Sang-ki (Korean: 이상기; born 5 June 1966) is a South Korean retired male épée fencer.

Lee is a four-time Olympian (1988, 1992, 1996, 2000) and bronze medalist at the 1994 World Fencing Championships in Athens, Greece. At the 2000 Olympics in Sydney, he won the bronze medal in the individual épée, defeating 2004 Olympic champion Marcel Fischer of Switzerland in the bronze medal match.