hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oberweser
Oberweser (German pronunciation: [ˈoːbɐveːzɐ], lit. 'Upper Weser') was a municipality in the district of Kassel, in Hesse, Germany. It was located 32 kilometres (20 miles) north of Kassel and 27 kilometres (17 miles) northwest of Göttingen. On January 1, 2020, Oberweser merged with neighboring Wahlsburg to form the municipality of Wesertal.

Weser
The Weser (pronounced [ˈveːzɐ] ⓘ) is the second longest river wholly in Germany. The Weser flows from the Thuringian Forest to the North Sea, where it flows into the sea near Bremerhaven.

The Weser begins at Hannoversch Münden through the confluence of the Werra and Fulda. It passes through the Hanseatic city of Bremen. Its mouth is 50 km (31 mi) further north against the ports of Bremerhaven and Nordenham. The latter is on the Butjadingen Peninsula. It then merges into the North Sea via two highly saline, estuarine mouths.

It connects to the canal network running east–west across the North German Plain.

The river, when combined with the Werra (a dialectal form of Weser), is 744 km (462 mi) long and thus, the longest river entirely situated within Germany (the Main, however, is the longest if the Weser-Werra are considered separate). The Weser itself is 452 km (281 mi) long. The Werra rises in Thuringia, the German state south of the main projection (tongue) of Lower Saxony.
His Excellency (1944 film)
His Excellency (Swedish: Excellensen) is a 1944 Swedish drama film directed by Hasse Ekman and starring Lars Hanson, Gunnar Sjöberg and Elsie Albiin. It was made at the Råsunda Studios in Stockholm. The film's sets were designed by the art director Arne Åkermark. It is based on a 1942 play of the same title by Bertil Malmberg. It was part of a growing number of Swedish films more overtly critical of German war policy, and the only one of them to openly identify the occupiers as Germans and set it in a real country.

Arne Åkermark
Arne Åkermark (1902–1962) was a Swedish art director who worked on around a hundred and eighty films during a thirty-year career.

In 1948 Åkermark was employed in Britain for Ealing Studios epic Scott of the Antarctic.
John Le Hunte
John Le Hunte (1658–1697) was an Anglican priest.

Le Hunte was born in County Tipperary and educated at Trinity College, Dublin. 
 He was Chancellor of Cashel Cathedral and Archdeacon of Emly from 1682 until his death.

St. John's Cathedral, Cashel
The Cathedral Church of Saint John the Baptist and Saint Patrick's Rock is a cathedral of the Church of Ireland in Cashel, County Tipperary in Ireland. It is in the ecclesiastical province of Dublin.

Previously the cathedral of the Diocese of Cashel, it is now one of six cathedrals in the  United Dioceses of Cashel Ferns and Ossory.
Kawgun Cave
The Kawgun Cave (Burmese: ကော့ဂွန်းဂူ; Mon: ထီုကအ်ဂေါန်, also spelt Kawgon Cave or Kawgoon Cave) is a Buddhist cave temple, located in Kawgun Village, Hpa-An, Kayin State, Myanmar. The cave is lined with thousands of small Buddha statues covering its walls. The cave is an important historical and cultural heritage site in Myanmar. The rear of the cave leads to a row of floating restaurants in the Ruby Lake.

Kayin State
Kayin State, formerly known as Karen State, is a state of Myanmar. The capital city is Hpa-An, also spelled Pa-An.

The terrain of the state is mountainous, with the Dawna Range running along the state in a NNW–SSE direction, and the southern end of the Karen Hills in the northwest. It is bordered by the Mae Hong Son, Tak, and Kanchanaburi provinces of Thailand to the east; Mon State and Bago Region to the west and south; and Mandalay Region, Shan State and Kayah State to the north.
Phlebology
Phlebology is a medical speciality that is concerned with venous issues including the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the veins. A medical specialist in this field is known as a phlebologist. The specialty of phlebology has developed to enable physicians sharing an interest in venous disease and health to share knowledge and experience despite being trained in a variety of backgrounds such as dermatology, vascular surgery, haematology, interventional radiology or general medicine. Diagnostic techniques used include the patient's history and physical examination, venous imaging techniques, in particular, vascular ultrasound and laboratory evaluation related to venous thromboembolism. The American Medical Association and the American Osteopathic Association have added phlebology to their list of self-designated practice specialties.

Hematology
Hematology (spelled haematology in British English) is the branch of medicine concerned with the study of the cause, prognosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases related to blood. It involves treating diseases that affect the production of blood and its components, such as blood cells, hemoglobin, blood proteins, bone marrow, platelets, blood vessels, spleen, and the mechanism of coagulation. Such diseases might include hemophilia, sickle cell anemia, blood clots (thrombus), other bleeding disorders, and blood cancers such as leukemia, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma. The laboratory analysis of blood is frequently performed by a medical technologist or medical laboratory scientist.
Loram Maintenance of Way
Loram Maintenance of Way, Inc. (reporting mark LMIX) is a railroad maintenance equipment and services provider. Loram provides track maintenance services to freight, passenger, and transit railroads worldwide, as well as sells and leases equipment which performs these functions.

Maintenance of way
Maintenance of way (commonly abbreviated to MOW, also known as "Permanent Way Maintenance" or "PWM" in Britain) refers to the maintenance, construction, and improvement of rail infrastructure, including tracks, ballast, grade, and lineside infrastructure such as signals and signs.
Stanley Potato House
Stanley Potato House is a historic potato house located near Laurel, Sussex County, Delaware, United States. It is one of the last surviving examples of its building type.  It was built about 1920, and is a 1+1⁄2-story, gable fronted, balloon frame structure on a brick foundation. It measures 17 feet by 23 feet. It retains a number of important elements characteristic of potato house including: minimal fenestration, center aisle floor plan, double siding, and hatched loading doors.

It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

Sussex County, Delaware
Sussex County is a county in the southern part of the U.S. state of Delaware, on the Delmarva Peninsula. As of the 2020 census, the population was 237,378, making it the state's second most populated county behind New Castle and ahead of Kent. The county seat is Georgetown.

The first European settlement in the state of Delaware was founded by the Dutch in 1631 near the present-day town of Lewes on the Atlantic Coast. However, Sussex County was not organized until 1683 under English colonial rule.

Sussex County forms the Seaford, Delaware, Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Node influence metric
In graph theory and network analysis, node influence metrics are measures that rank or quantify the influence of every node (also called vertex) within a graph. They are related to  centrality indices. Applications include measuring the influence of each person in a social network, understanding the role of infrastructure nodes in transportation networks, the Internet, or urban networks, and the participation of a given node in disease dynamics.

Network science
Network science is an academic field which studies complex networks such as telecommunication networks, computer networks, biological networks, cognitive and semantic networks, and social networks, considering distinct elements or actors represented by nodes (or vertices) and the connections between the elements or actors as links (or edges).  The field draws on theories and methods including graph theory from mathematics, statistical mechanics from physics, data mining and information visualization from computer science, inferential modeling from statistics, and social structure from sociology. The United States National Research Council defines network science as "the study of network representations of physical, biological, and social phenomena leading to predictive models of these phenomena."
Avguštin Stegenšek
Avguštin Stegenšek (7 July 1875 in Tevče, Laško – 16 March 1920) was a Slovene theologian, philosopher and art historian.

After earning a bachelor's degree in theology, he left for Rome to study archaeology and art history, under the supervision of Joseph Wilpert. Later, he was awarded a doctor's degree of philosophy sciences at the university of Graz in 1906. He took part in the Historic Society for Slovene Styria, founded 1906, and was appointed honorary conservator in Styria by Committee for the Protection of Monuments in Vienna. Stegenšek was the pioneer of the monumental topography on the territory of Slovenia. He framed the monumental work Cerkveni spomeniki lavantinske škofije (Church Monuments of the Lavantine Diocese), which included two volumes: Dekanija Gornji Grad (The Deanery of Gornji Grad) and Konjiška Dekanija (The Deanery of Slovenske Konjice), illustrated with his own photographs and drawings and also edited and published by him.

Stegenšek died in Maribor in 1920.

COBISS
COBISS (short for Co-operative Online Bibliographic System and Services) is an organizational model of joining libraries into a national library information system with shared cataloguing, the COBIB union bibliographic catalogue database and local bibliographic databases of participating libraries, the COLIB database on libraries, the CONOR authority database, and with a number of other functions.
Modupe Jonah
Daniel Modupe Josephus Jonah (born 12 April 1966) is a Sierra Leonean former middle-distance runner. He competed in the men's 1500 metres at the 1988 Summer Olympics.

Modupe was said to be a "major international talent" that was a household name in Sierra Leone for years. At the 1989 Peace and Friendship Cup athletics competition, Jonah won the bronze medal in the 3000 m steeplechase. His achievement was said to be a milestone in Sierra Leone distance running and evidence that Sierra Leonans could succeed in less conventional track events.

Jonah attended and ran in the NJCAA for Navarro College in Corsicana, Texas. He was active in the Texas road racing scene in the 1990s and won the 1990 Halloween Hustle 10K. At the 1990 All Saints Mile in Fort Worth, Texas, he hoped to run under four minutes but was thwarted by cold temperatures and high winds.

Corsicana, Texas
Corsicana is a city in and the county seat of Navarro County, Texas, United States. It is located on Interstate 45, 50 miles southeast of Dallas. Its population was 25,109 at the 2020 census. Corsicana is considered an important agribusiness center.
2020 Japanese Regional Football Champions League
The 2020 Japanese Regional Football Champions League (全国地域サッカーチャンピオンズリーグ2020) was the 44th edition of the referred annually contested cup for the best-placed teams of each of their respective Regional Leagues. The competition was held from 6th to the 23rd of November 2020 in Tochigi, Hyogo, Saga, with the final round held in Chiba

Tochigi City FC
Tochigi City Football Club (栃木シティフットボールクラブ, Tochigi Shitî Futtobōrukurabu), commonly known as Tochigi City (栃木シティ, Tochigi Shitî Efushi) is a Japanese professional football club based in Tochigi City, Tochigi Prefecture. The club is set to play in the J2 League from 2026–27, the second tier of the Japanese football league system, after promotion from the J3 League in 2025.
Jean Bonet
Jean Pierre Joseph Bonet (Bages, 21 November 1844 - Paris, 20 July 1907) was a French scholar of Vietnamese at the Ecole des Langues Orientales 1888–1907. He had spent 20 years in Vietnam, was author of one of the first Vietnamese-French dictionaries (1899), and first translator of a book of the New Testament (Gospel of Luke) into Vietnamese (for the Protestant Convention, Paris 1890, printed BFBS 1899). He was killed by being knocked down by a car while crossing the place de la Concorde.

Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales
The Institut national des langues et civilisations orientales (French pronunciation: [ɛ̃stity nɑsjɔnal de lɑ̃ɡ e sivilizɑsjɔ̃ ɔʁjɑ̃tal]; transl. "National Institute for Oriental Languages and Civilizations"), abbreviated as INALCO, is a French grand établissement with a specializing in the teaching of languages and cultures from the world. Its coverage spans languages of Central Europe, Africa, Asia, America, and Oceania. With 104 languages taught as of 2024, this institution is currently the world's largest provider of language training courses.

It is also informally called "Langues'O" (French: [lɑ̃ɡz‿o]) in French, an abbreviation for Langues orientales.

The INALCO logo is made up of the school's acronym, each part of which is translated into languages written in non-Latin characters, corresponding to Inalco's fields of teaching and research.
William Brooks (Australian politician)
William Brooks (31 December 1858 – 14 October 1937) was an English-born Australian politician.

He was born in Tiverton, Devon to lacehand James Brooks and Mary Ann Williams. He attended boarding school locally and began work as a compositor, migrating to Cape Colony in 1880 where he served in the Basuto Gun War. In 1884 he migrated to Sydney, working first as a compositor for the Sydney Morning Herald before running his own printing business. From 1919 to 1927 he served on Sydney City Council, and from 1911 to 1924 he was the president of the Master Printers' Association. From 1917 to 1934, Brooks served as a member of the New South Wales Legislative Council, representing first the Nationalist Party and then the United Australia Party. He died in Double Bay in 1937. Predeceased by his wife, he was survived by five daughters.

Double Bay
Double Bay is a harbourside eastern suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia 4 kilometres east of the Sydney central business district. It is the administrative centre of the local government area of the Municipality of Woollahra.

Double Bay takes its name from the bay of Sydney Harbour and refers to the two geographical formations between Point Piper and Darling Point, which are interrupted by a miniature point in between. The eastern part is also known as Blackburn Cove. It has some of the most expensive real-estate in Australia and is colloquially often referred to as "Double Pay", a term coined due to the high income of people living there, and the nature of the shopping area which features high-end fashion labels.
Valayil Korath Mathews
Valayil Korath Mathews is an entrepreneur and the founder chairman of IBS Software Services, a software product company based in India. He is regarded as a thought leader in the global aviation industry  and has been a speaker at various international events conducted by IATA, Harvard Business School, and NASSCOM.

NASSCOM
National Association of Software and Service Companies (NASSCOM) is an Indian non-governmental trade association and advocacy group that primarily serves the Indian technology industry. Founded in 1988, NASSCOM operates as a nonprofit organization and serves as a key entity within the Indian technology sector.
Kodokan–Totsuka rivalry
The rivalry between the Kodokan school of judo and the Totsuka school of Yoshin-ryu jujutsu happened in the 1880s during the Meiji Era in Japan. Consisting of several challenges and tournaments, its result saw the decline of the traditional jujutsu schools and the rise of judo as an institutionalized martial art. Although surrounded in controversy and legend because of inconsistent sources, it has been considered a vital part of the history of judo.

Yama arashi
Yama Arashi (山嵐; "mountain storm") is one of the preserved throwing techniques, Habukareta Waza, of Judo. It belonged to the fifth group, Dai Gokyo, of the 1895 Gokyo no Waza lists. It is categorized as a hand throwing technique, Te-waza. It rarely occurs in competition or randori.

Yama Arashi is also one of Danzan Ryu's twenty throwing techniques of the Nagete list.
Roman Laskowski
Roman Laskowski (16 February 1936 – 21 June 2014) was a Polish slavist. He was a member of the Polish Academy of Learning, as well as a professor at Jagiellonian University and the University of Gothenburg. Laskowski was also a Solidarity member.

He is one of the most well known Slavic scholars from Poland, and specialized in Polish, Czech, and Linguistic studies.

University of Gothenburg
The University of Gothenburg (Swedish: Göteborgs universitet) is a public university in Gothenburg, Sweden. Founded in 1891, the university is the third-oldest of the current Swedish universities and, with 53,624 students and 6,707 staff members, it is one of the largest universities in the Nordic countries.
Bill Clarken
William Francis Clarken Jr. (December 31, 1903 – October 2, 1951)  was an American football player and coach.

Clarken was born in 1903 in East Orange, New Jersey, and attended Saint Benedict's Preparatory School in Newark, New Jersey.

He did not play college football. At age 25, he played professional football in the National Football League (NFL) as a tackle and guard for the Orange Tornadoes. He appeared in five NFL games, one as a starter, during the 1929 season.

From 1942 to 1949, he was the line coach at Bloomfield High School in Bloomfield, New Jersey. He was also the head coach of the 1947 Bloomfield Cardinals of the American Football League. He also coached the Passaic Red Devils. He died in 1951 at age 47.

St. Benedict's Preparatory School
St. Benedict's Preparatory School is a Catholic college preparatory school in Newark, New Jersey run by the Benedictine monks of Newark Abbey.

The school serves boys and girls in kindergarten through twelfth grade on a 12-acre (4.9 ha) urban campus. The school has been accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Elementary and Secondary Schools since 1990.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 965 students and 74.9 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.9:1. The school's student body was 53.6% (517) Black, 35.4% (342) Hispanic, 4.7% (45) White, 3.8% (37) two or more races, 2.2% (21) Asian and 0.3% (3) American Indian / Alaska Native.
Georg Moritz, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Altenburg
George Moritz, Hereditary Prince of Saxe-Altenburg (William George Moritz Ernest Albert Frederick Charles Constantine Edward Maximilian; 13 May 1900 – 13 February 1991), was the last head of the ducal house of Saxe-Altenburg and nominal Duke of Saxe-Altenburg. He devoted much of his life to promote anthroposophy.

Saxe-Altenburg
Saxe-Altenburg (German: Sachsen-Altenburg) was one of the Saxon duchies held by the Ernestine branch of the House of Wettin in present-day Thuringia. It was one of the smallest of the German states with an area of 1323 square kilometers and a population of 207,000 (1905) of whom about one fifth resided in the capital, Altenburg. The territory of the duchy consisted of two non-contiguous territories separated by land belonging to the Principality of Reuss-Gera. Its economy was based on agriculture, forestry, and small industry. The state had a constitutional monarchical form of government with a parliament composed of thirty members chosen by male taxpayers over 25 years of age.
Thomas Hauff
Thomas Hauff is an Austrian-born Canadian actor. He is most noted for his performance in the 1979 film Summer's Children, for which he received a Genie Award nomination for Best Actor at the 1st Genie Awards in 1980.

Predominantly a stage actor, his noted theatre roles have included Jack MacNeill in Margaret Hollingsworth's War Babies, Bram Shipley in James Nichol's stage adaptation of Margaret Laurence's The Stone Angel, MacDonald in Anne Chislett's Glengarry School Days, Matthew Cuthbert in Paul Ledoux's adaptation of Lucy Maud Montgomery's Anne of Green Gables, Lord Capulet in Romeo and Juliet, and Angus in Michael Healey's The Drawer Boy.

He also had roles in the films Brethren, Who Has Seen the Wind, Silence of the North, The Climb, Cowboys Don't Cry and Away from Her.

The Stone Angel
The Stone Angel is a novel by the Canadian writer Margaret Laurence. First published in 1964 by McClelland and Stewart, it is perhaps the best-known of Laurence's series of five novels set in the fictitious town of Manawaka, Manitoba. In parallel narratives set in the past and the present-day (early 1960s), The Stone Angel tells the story of Hagar Currie Shipley. In the present, 90-year-old Hagar struggles against being put in a nursing home, which she sees as a symbol of death. This narrative alternates with Hagar looking back at her life.
Michael Smyth (politician)
Michael Smyth (died 21 November 1973) was an Irish politician. He was an independent member of Seanad Éireann from 1943 to 1951. He first was elected to the 4th Seanad in 1943 by the Labour Panel. He was re-elected at the 1944 and 1951 Seanad elections but lost his seat at the 1951 election.

Seanad Éireann
53°20′26″N 6°15′14″W﻿ / ﻿53.34055°N 6.254021°W﻿ / 53.34055; -6.254021
Seanad Éireann (/ˈʃænəd ˈɛərən, ˈʃænəð/ ⓘ SHAN-əd(h) AIR-ən; Irish: [ˈʃan̪ˠəd̪ˠ ˈeːɾʲən̪ˠ]; "Senate of Ireland") is the upper house of the Oireachtas (the Irish legislature), which also comprises the President of Ireland and Dáil Éireann (the lower house).

It is commonly called the Seanad or Senate and its members are known as senators (Irish: seanadóirí, singular: seanadóir). Unlike Dáil Éireann, it is not directly elected but consists of a mixture of members chosen by various methods. Its powers are much weaker than those of the Dáil and it can only delay laws with which it disagrees, rather than veto them outright. It can introduce new legislation. Since its establishment, it has been located in Leinster House.
Collision-induced absorption and emission
In spectroscopy, collision-induced absorption and emission refers to spectral features generated by inelastic collisions of molecules in a gas. Such inelastic collisions (along with the absorption or emission of photons) may induce quantum transitions in the molecules, or the molecules may form transient supramolecular complexes with spectral features different from the underlying molecules.  Collision-induced absorption and emission is particularly important in dense gases, such as hydrogen and helium clouds found in astronomical systems.

Collision-induced absorption and emission is distinguished from collisional broadening in spectroscopy in that collisional broadening comes from elastic collisions of molecules, whereas collision-induced absorption and emission is an inherently inelastic process.

Phase transition
In physics, chemistry and biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly the term is used to refer to changes among the basic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and in rare cases, plasma. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter have uniform physical properties. During a phase transition of a given medium, certain properties of the medium change as a result of the change of external conditions, such as temperature or pressure. This can be a discontinuous change; for example, a liquid may become gas upon heating to its boiling point, resulting in an abrupt change in volume. The identification of the external conditions at which a transformation occurs defines the phase transition point.