hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Energy policy of Scotland
Certain aspects of 'Energy policy in Scotland' have been specifically reserved to the UK parliament under the terms of the Scotland Act 1998 that created the devolved Scottish Parliament. This does not mean all aspects of energy are reserved however, for example the Scottish Government planned an abortive attempt at launching their own energy company. Additionally, since planning is a matter that has been devolved, the Scottish government has the ability to shape the direction of energy generation in Scotland by approving or refusing new projects.

In 2004, the Enterprise Committee of the Scottish Parliament called for the development of a 'fully fledged' Scottish energy policy.

The SNP Government that took power in May 2007 specifically included the word 'energy' in a portfolio title when the junior ministerial position of Minister for Enterprise, Energy and Tourism was created to replace the position of 'Minister for Enterprise and Lifelong Learning'.

Scotland Act 1998
The Scotland Act 1998 (c. 46) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which legislated for the establishment of the devolved Scottish Parliament with tax varying powers and the Scottish Government (then Scottish Executive). It was one of the most significant constitutional pieces of legislation to be passed by the UK Parliament between the passing of the European Communities Act 1972 and the European Union (Withdrawal) Act 2018 and is the most significant piece of legislation to affect Scotland since the Acts of Union 1707 which ratified the Treaty of Union and led to the disbandment of the Parliament of Scotland.
Francisco Paulo de Almeida, Baron of Guaraciaba
Francisco Paulo de Almeida, first and only Baron of Guaraciaba (10 January 1826 – 9 February 1901), was a Brazilian landowner and banker. He distinguished himself for being one of the most financially successful black men in the Empire of Brazil. He owned several plantations and about two hundred slaves in just one of them (estimated at a thousand slaves in all), with a fortune estimated at the time at seven hundred thousand contos de réis. He was the owner of the Yellow Palace in the city of Petrópolis.

Petrópolis
Petrópolis (Portuguese: [peˈtɾɔpolis, -pu-]) is a municipality in the Southeast Region of Brazil. It is located in the state of Rio de Janeiro, 68 kilometres (42 mi) northeast of the city of Rio de Janeiro. According to the 2022 Brazilian census, Petrópolis municipality had a population of 278,881 inhabitants. Besides being the largest and most populous city in the Fluminense Mountain Region, the city also has the largest Gross Domestic Product and Human Development Index in the region.

The town's name ("City of Peter") honors Pedro II, the last Emperor of Brazil, who is entombed there at the Cathedral of Saint Peter of Alcantara. The city was the summer residence of the Brazilian Emperors and aristocrats in the 19th century, and was the official capital of the state of Rio de Janeiro during the First Brazilian Republic, between 1894 and 1902.
Armani Watts
Armani Watts (born March 19, 1996) is an American professional football defensive back. He played college football at Texas A&M and was selected by the Kansas City Chiefs in the fourth round of the 2018 NFL draft.

Texas A&M Aggies football
The Texas A&M Aggies football program represents Texas A&M University in the sport of American football.  The Aggies compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC).  Texas A&M football claims three national titles and 18 conference titles. The team plays all home games at Kyle Field, a 102,733-person capacity outdoor stadium on the university campus.
Maschmeyer
Maschmeyer is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Emerance Maschmeyer (born 1994), Canadian hockey player

Carsten Maschmeyer (born 1959), German businessman, investor, speaker, and author

Thomas Maschmeyer (born 1966), German-Australian chemist

Carsten Maschmeyer
Carsten Jens Maschmeyer (born 8 May 1959) is a German billionaire businessman, investor, and panel member of the German investment television series Die Höhle der Löwen ("The Lions' Den"). He is the founder and owner of the Maschmeyer Group which combines all of his current business activities. Through ALSTIN (Alternative Strategic Investments) he invests growth capital in emerging industries and future markets with outstanding innovations in sectors like the Internet, technology, and life sciences. Through Paladin Asset Management, his team undertakes value investments in publicly listed companies. Through Seed & Speed, Maschmeyer provides seed investments to very early-stage companies.
Formica subsericea
Formica subsericea, colloquially known as the black field ant, is a species of ant in the genus Formica. It is found in the eastern United States and Canada. Workers of this species are incredibly fast and quite timid. Workers of this species are commonly found working as slaves in Polyergus colonies. Nuptial flights typically occur in July or August. It is often confused with another Formica species, Formica fusca.
The larvae of Microdon megalogaster, a member of the ant fly genus, have been observed in the nests of these ants. The inquiline relationship of these fly larvae is not well understood.

Nuptial flight
Nuptial flight is a phase in the reproduction of most ant, termite, and some bee species. It is also observed in some fly species, such as Rhamphomyia longicauda.

During the flight, virgin queens mate with males and then land to start a new colony, or, in the case of honey bees, continue the succession of an existing hived colony.

The winged version of ants and termites are known as alates.
Megat Hashirat Hassan
Tuan Megat Hashirat bin Hassan is a Malaysian politician and teacher who has served as Member of the Perlis State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Perikatan Nasional (PN) state administration under Menteri Besar Mohd Shukri Ramli as well as Member of the Perlis State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Pauh since November 2022. He is a member of the Malaysian United Indigenous Party (BERSATU), a component party of the coalition. He is the Acting Division Chief and Division Deputy Chief of BERSATU of Arau, State Information Chief of BERSATU of Perlis and Deputy Information Chief of PN of Arau. He is also presently one of the three BERSATU Perlis EXCO Members along with Izizam Ibrahim and Wan Zikri Afthar Ishak.

Malay styles and titles
The Malay language has a complex system of styles, titles and honorifics which are used extensively in Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia and Singapore.

Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, few provinces in the Philippines and several provinces in Indonesia regularly award honorary and life titles. What follows in this article is specific to the Malaysian system. References to Brunei and Indonesia are given when pertinent.

In Malaysia, all non-hereditary titles can be granted to both men and women. Every title has a form of address which can be used by the wife of the title holder. This form is not used by the husband of a titled woman; such a woman will bear a title which is the same as a titled man.
Tramelan-Dessous railway station
Tramelan-Dessous railway station (French: Gare de Tramelan-Dessous) is a railway station in the municipality of Tramelan, in the Swiss canton of Bern. It is an intermediate stop and a request stop on the 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge Tavannes–Noirmont railway line of Chemins de fer du Jura.

Chemins de fer du Jura
The Chemins de fer du Jura, abbreviated to CJ, is a railway company in the canton of Jura in northwestern Switzerland. It was formed in 1944 from the merger of four independent companies connecting Porrentruy to Bonfol, Saignelégier to La Chaux-de-Fonds, Glovelier to Saignelégier and Tavannes to Tramelan and Le Noirmont. The lines extend for a total of 84.8 kilometres (52.7 mi) of which just over 73 kilometres (45 mi) is metre gauge. The 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) line from Porrentruy to Bonfol is standard gauge. The company also operates local bus services in the area.
Maumee State Forest
Maumee State Forest is a state forest in Fulton, Henry, and Lucas counties in the U.S. state of Ohio.  It is located about 3 miles west of Whitehouse and abuout 4 miles south of Swanton.  It is managed by the Ohio Department of Natural Resources Division of Forestry.

The forest consists of 3,452 acres (1,397 ha) of largely flat land that had formerly been cleared for farming.  Initial acquisition of land began in 1946, and the forest reached its current size in 2023.  Maumee State Forest boasts some 66 miles of hiking trails, 8 miles of bridle trails, and is one of only four Ohio State Forests with all-terrain vehicle trails, and the only one in Northwest Ohio.  The forest serves as a remnant example of the oak openings habitat that once covered much of Northwest Ohio and Southeast Michigan.

Lucas County, Ohio
Lucas County is a county located in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Ohio. It is bordered to the east by Lake Erie, and to the southeast by the Maumee River, which runs to the lake. As of the 2020 census, the population was 431,279. Its county seat and largest city is Toledo, located at the mouth of the Maumee River on the lake. The county was named for Robert Lucas, 12th governor of Ohio, in 1835 during his second term. Its establishment provoked the Toledo War conflict with the Michigan Territory, which claimed some of its area. Lucas County is the central county of the Toledo Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Grise Fiord Airport
Grise Fiord Airport (IATA: YGZ, ICAO: CYGZ) is located in Grise Fiord, Nunavut, Canada, and is operated by the Government of Nunavut. The only building at this airport is the Air Passenger Shelter and the companies that operate there are Canadian North. Flights to this airport are usually from Resolute Bay Airport and most of them only carry cargo with few to no passengers.

Canadian North
Bradley Air Services, operating as Canadian North, is a Canadian airline headquartered in Kanata, Ontario, Canada. It operates scheduled passenger services to communities in the Northwest Territories, Nunavut, and the Nunavik region of Quebec, as well as southern destinations such as Edmonton and Ottawa. It also has an interlining agreement with Air Greenland.
The Converted Deacon
The Converted Deacon is a 1910 American silent short drama produced by the Thanhouser Company. The film follows the daughter who disobeys her father by associated with the theater and becomes a star on the stage. She keeps it a secret, but he father arrives in town and takes her home because her mother is ill. John DeLacy follows her home and disguises himself to secure a position on the farm. A newspaper reveals the daughter's fame and only after a song and dance does the father's anger abate and allows the two lovers to marry. Little is known about the production of the film, but the Thanhouser films were distinguished as being the best of the Independent companies in a The New York Dramatic Mirror editorial. The film was released on July 15, 1910, and met with mixed reception. The film is presumed lost

Thanhouser Company
The Thanhouser Company (later the Thanhouser Film Corporation) was one of the first motion picture studios, founded in 1909 by Edwin Thanhouser, his wife Gertrude and his brother-in-law Lloyd Lonergan. It operated in New York City until 1920, producing over a thousand films.
Expedition (1795 ship)
Expedition was launched in 1763, almost certainly under another name. She entered the registers as Expedition in 1795. Between 1799 and 1807, she made seven voyages as a Liverpool-based slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people. She was condemned as unseaworthy at Antigua in early 1808, after having earlier disembarked at Jamaica the captives from her seventh voyage.

Lloyd's List
Lloyd's List is one of the world's oldest continuously running journals, having provided weekly shipping news in London as early as 1734. It was published daily until 2013 (when the final print issue, number 60,850, was published), and is now published digitally.

Also known simply as The List, it was begun by Edward Lloyd, the proprietor of Lloyd's Coffee House, as a source of information for merchants' agents and insurance underwriters who met regularly in his establishment on Lombard Street to negotiate insurance coverage for trading vessels. It continues to provide this information in addition to marine insurance, offshore energy, logistics, market data, research, global trade and law information, and shipping news.
Opinion polling for the 2024 Slovak presidential election
This page lists nationwide public opinion polls that have been conducted relating to the 2024 Slovak presidential election. Poll results are listed in the tables below in reverse chronological order, showing the most recent first. The highest percentage figure in each polling survey is displayed in bold, and the background shaded in the leading candidate's colour. In the instance that there is a tie, then no figure is shaded. Poll results use the date the survey's fieldwork was done, as opposed to the date of publication; however, if such date is unknown, the date of publication will be given instead.

2024 Slovak presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Slovakia in March and April 2024. Incumbent president Zuzana Čaputová announced in June 2023 that she would not run for a second term.

In the first round held on 23 March, Ivan Korčok led with 43% of the votes followed by Peter Pellegrini with 37%. As no candidate received a majority, a runoff was scheduled between the two on 6 April. However, in the second round, Pellegrini defeated Korčok with 53% of the vote. He was sworn in as president on 15 June.Turnout was the highest in both rounds since the 1999 Slovak Presidential election, and the closest in history of direct presidential elections in Slovakia.

The election was widely regarded as a win for Slovakia's prime minister Robert Fico who saw his ally elected as President.
Gyu Hyeong Cho
Gyu Hyeong Cho (Korean: 조규형; Hanja: 曺圭亨; born 1953) is an electrical engineer at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) in Daejeon, South Korea.

Cho was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2016 for his contributions to power management circuit design.

KAIST
KAIST (originally the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology) is a national research university located in Daedeok Innopolis, Daejeon, South Korea. KAIST was established by the Korean government in 1971 as the nation's first public, research-oriented science and engineering institution. KAIST has been internationally accredited in business education, and hosts the Secretariat of the Association of Asia-Pacific Business Schools (AAPBS). KAIST has 10,504 full-time students and 1,342 faculty researchers (as of the Fall 2019 Semester) and had a total budget of US$765 million in 2013, of which US$459 million was from research contracts.

In 2007, KAIST partnered with international institutions and adopted dual degree programs for its students. Its partner institutions include the Technical University of Denmark, Carnegie Mellon University, the Georgia Institute of Technology, Technische Universität Berlin, and the Technical University of Munich.
Niftawayh
Abu Abd Allah Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn 'Urfa ibn Sulayman ibn al-Mughira ibn Habib ibn al-Muhallab ibn Abi Sufra al-Azdi (Arabic: أبو عبد الله إبراهيم بن محمّد بن عرفة العَتَكيّ الأزديّ) better known as Niftawayh, was a Medieval Muslim scholar. He was considered to be the best writer of his time, in addition to an expert in Muslim prophetic tradition and comparative readings of the Qur'an.

Habib ibn al-Muhallab
Habib ibn al-Muhallab al-Azdi (Arabic: حبيب بن المهلب الأزدي) (died 720) was an Umayyad provincial governor and military commander, and a member of the Muhallabid family. He later participated in the revolt of his brother Yazid ibn al-Muhallab and was killed in the Battle of al-Aqr.
Skuraj family
The Skura (also, Skuraj, Skurraj, Skurra, Scura, Sgouros, Ozgur, Uzgur, Zguro ) were a medieval Albanian feudal family centred around the historical and ethnographic region of Benda in the highlands north-east of modern Tirana, central Albania. They were among the Albanian families that rose to prominence in the Theme of Dyrrhachium and reached high military-administrative ranks within the Byzantine state apparatus. On top of their relations with the Byzantine Empire and other members of the local Albanian nobility, the Skura were also closely involved with other prominent powers in the region, such as the Angevin Kingdom of Albania and the Ottoman Empire.

Kingdom of Albania (medieval)
The Kingdom of Albania (Albanian: Mbretëria e Arbërisë, Latin: Regnum Albaniæ) was established by Charles of Anjou in the Albanian territories he conquered from the Byzantine Empire in 1271, with the help of the local Albanian nobility. The Kingdom of Albania was declared in late February 1272. The kingdom extended from the region of Durazzo (Dyrrhachium, modern Durrës) south along the coast to Butrint. A major attempt to advance further in the direction of Constantinople failed at the Siege of Berat (1280–1281). A Byzantine counteroffensive soon ensued, which drove the Angevins out of the interior by 1281. The Sicilian Vespers further weakened the position of Charles, and the Kingdom was soon reduced by the Byzantines to a small area around Durazzo. The Angevins held out here, however, until 1368, when the city was captured by Karl Thopia. In 1392, Karl Thopia's son surrendered the city to the Republic of Venice.
Głuszyca Górna
Głuszyca Górna [ɡwuˈʂɨt͡sa ˈɡurna] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Głuszyca within Wałbrzych County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland, close to the Czech border.

During World War II, the German administration operated a forced labour camp in the village, in which they held hundreds of Italian prisoners of war.

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie, [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔ̃skjɛ] ⓘ) in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi) and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.

It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland, as natural resources such as copper, brown coal and rock materials are widely present.

Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to several spa towns, many castles and palaces, and the Giant Mountains, with several ski resorts. For this reason, tourism is a large part of this region's economy.
Stanley Silverman
Stanley Silverman (born July 5, 1938, in New York City) is an American composer, arranger, conductor and guitarist.

Silverman's diverse career covers music theatre, film, television, classical and pop music. His work has featured on stages across the world including on and off-Broadway and his collaborators include Richard Foreman, Anthony Burgess and Arthur Miller. He has also worked with renowned directors Mike Nichols and Arthur Penn. Silverman worked with Paul Simon on his musical The Capeman in 1998 for which his orchestrations were nominated for Tony and Drama Desk Awards. His music has been performed by Pierre Boulez, Michael Tilson Thomas, Tashi, the Kalichstein-Laredo-Robinson Trio and pop icons James Taylor and Sting.

Across a successful career as a conductor, Silverman worked on the Tony, Drama Desk and Grammy Award nominated 1976 Joseph Papp production of The Threepenny Opera which starred in the lead role Raul Julia.

Mills College at Northeastern University
Mills College at Northeastern University in Oakland, California is part of Northeastern University's global university system. Mills College was founded as the Young Ladies Seminary in 1852 in Benicia, California; it was relocated to Oakland in 1871 and became the second women's college west of the Rockies. In 2022, it merged with Northeastern University.
Dalley
Dalley is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Amy Dalley (born 1981), American country singer-songwriter

Denver Dalley, American singer-songwriter

Derrick Dalley (born 1965), Canadian politician

Gifford Dalley, American politician

Helen Dalley (born 1957), Australian journalist

Horace Dalley, (born 1950) Jamaican politician

John Dalley (born 1935), American classical violinist

John Bede Dalley (1876–1935), Australian journalist and writer

Richard Dalley, American ice dancer

Stephanie Dalley (born 1943), British Assyriologist and scholar of the Ancient Near East.

William Bede Dalley (1831–1888), Australian politician and barrister

William Bede Dalley
William Bede Dalley (5 July 1831 – 28 October 1888) was an Australian politician and barrister and the first Australian appointed to the Privy Council of the United Kingdom. He was a leading lay representative and champion of the Catholic community and was known for his parliamentary and legal eloquence.
Malta (island)
Malta is an island in Southern Europe. It is the largest and most populous of the three major islands that constitute the Maltese Archipelago and the country of Malta. The island is situated in the Mediterranean Sea directly south of Italy and north of Libya. It lies south-east of the smaller islands of Gozo and Comino. The island is 27 kilometres (17 mi) long and 14.5 kilometres (9 mi) wide, with a total area of 246 square kilometres (95 sq mi). The capital is Valletta, while the largest locality is Rabat. The island is made up of many small towns, which together form one larger urban zone with a population of 409,259. The landscape is characterised by low hills with terraced fields.

Birżebbuġa
Birżebbuġa (Maltese pronunciation: [biːrzɛˈbːuːd͡ʒɐ]; sometimes shortened to B'Buġa) is a seaside town in the Southern Region of Malta, close to Marsaxlokk. It is approximately 13 kilometres (8 miles) from the capital Valletta, and has a population of 9,736 as of March 2014.

The town is popular among Maltese holidaymakers, and is known for its sandy beach, Pretty Bay. The town is also notable for its important archaeological sites, especially Għar Dalam, Ta' Kaċċatura and Borġ in-Nadur.
X2-class Melbourne tram
The X2-class was a class of six trams built by the Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board. Developed from the X1-class, they differed in having larger wheels, angled windshields and only two doors.

Originally numbered 674-679, 674 was renumbered 680 in 1934 to allow the W4-class to be numbered consecutively. They were mainly used on Point Ormond line and the isolated Footscray network. With the closure of these two lines in the early 1960s, all were withdrawn.

Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board
The Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board (MMTB) was a government-owned authority that was responsible for the tram network in Melbourne, Australia between 1919 and 1983, when it was merged into the Metropolitan Transit Authority. It had been formed by the merger of a number of smaller tramway trusts and companies that operated throughout the city.
2004–05 Thai League
The 2004-05 Thai Premier League had 10 teams. Two clubs would be relegated as the league would be expanded to 12 teams for the 2006 season. Two teams promoted from the rival Provincial League and two clubs from Thailand Division 1 League. The team that finished in 8th position would play in a relegation play-off.

Thai League 1
The Thai League (Thai: ไทยลีก, pronounced as ไท-หลีก) or Thai League 1 (Thai: ไทยลีก 1, pronounced as ไท-หลีก-หนึ่ง), often referred to as T1, is the highest level of the Thai football league system. Contested by 16 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with Thai League 2. Seasons typically run from August to May, with each team playing 30 games: two against each other team, one home and one away. It is sponsored by BYD Auto and therefore officially known as the BYD Sealion 6 League I. In the Thai League, most games are played on Saturday and Sunday evenings, occasionally being played on Wednesday and Friday evening fixtures.