hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Semiothisa cinerearia
Semiothisa cinerearia is a moth of the family Geometridae first described by Otto Vasilievich Bremer and Vasilii Fomich Grey in 1853. It is found in China and its major host plant is Styphnolobium japonicum.

Otto Vasilievich Bremer
Otto Vasilievich Bremer (died 11 November 1873) was a Russian naturalist and entomologist.

He wrote:

Beiträge zur Schmetterlings-fauna des Nödrlichen China's (1853) with Vasilii Fomich Grey (William Grey).

"Neue Lepidopteren aus Ost-Sibirien und dem Amur Lande, gesammelt von Radde und Maack, beschrieben von Otto Bremer" (1861) Bulletin de l'Académie impériale des sciences de St.-Pétersbourg, 3(7): 461-496

"Lepidopteren Ost-Sibiriens, insbesondere der Amur-Landes, gesammelt von den Herren G.Radde, R.Maack und P.Wulfius" (1864) Mémoires de l'Académie impériale des sciences de St.-Pétersbourg, 7 ser., 8(1): 103 pages

He described many insects, including the large skipper butterfly. Bremer's collection is in the Zoological Museum of the Russian Academy of Science in Saint Petersburg where he lived.
Frank Wright (rugby union)
Frank Thurlow Wright (2 July 1862 – 30 April 1934) was an English international rugby union player.

Born in Leigh, Lancashire, Wright was the son of Caleb Wright, who served as the inaugural member of parliament for the Leigh constituency. His nephew, Peter Eckersley, also became an MP.

Wright played rugby for Edinburgh Academical and attained his only England cap in Edinburgh, playing in a drawn Calcutta Cup match against Scotland. He also played some rugby for Manchester and was a Lancashire representative.

After a period as a solicitor in Leigh, Wright was resident manager of a tea and rubber estate in Ceylon. He was returning home to England when he died en route in Marseille in 1934.

Edinburgh Academical Football Club
Edinburgh Academical Football Club, also known as Edinburgh Accies, is a rugby union club in Edinburgh, Scotland. The club is currently a member of the Scottish National League Division One, the 2nd tier of Scottish club rugby. Its home ground is Raeburn Place, in Stockbridge, Edinburgh. The team is coached by Charlie Shiel, Jamie Sole, and Simon Berghan.

The club regularly fields three teams and is also involved with Broughton and Trinity Accies in the Edinburgh BATs initiative, a community amateur sports club providing youth rugby across northern Edinburgh.
Artanema longifolium
Artanema longifolium is an edible flowering plant species found in tropical Africa, India and South-East Asia. Extracts are used in Ayurveda medicines to treat myositis and nausea. The leaves can also be cooked and eaten as a leafy vegetable. The roots are root used to treat rheumatism, diarrhea, syphilis and ophthalmitis.

Myositis
Myositis is a rarely encountered medical condition characterized by inflammation affecting the muscles. The manifestations of this condition may include skin issues, muscle weakness, and the potential involvement of other organs. Additionally, systemic symptoms like weight loss, fatigue, and low-grade fever can manifest in individuals with myositis.
Emergency Petroleum Allocation Act
The Emergency Petroleum Allocation Act of 1973 (EPAA) was a U.S. law that required the President to promulgate regulations to allocate and control price of petroleum products in response to the 1973 oil crisis.

It was extended by the Energy Policy and Conservation Act of 1975. The regulations were first decontrolled through a phase-in process by President Jimmy Carter in 1979, and then fully withdrawn by President Ronald Reagan with Executive Order 12287 of January 28, 1981.

In 1973 and again in 1979 the US Government took control of private stocks of oil under this law. (Jaffe & Soligo, "The role of inventories in oil market stability", Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance 42. 2002. )

Regulatory economics
Regulatory economics is the application of law by government or regulatory agencies for various economics-related purposes, including remedying market failure, protecting the environment and economic management.
Jesse Hide
Jesse Bollard Hide (12 March 1857 — 19 March 1924) was an English cricketer who played for Sussex between 1876 and 1893 and for South Australia from 1880 to 1883. Jesse Hide succeeded Thomas Dickson as Curator of the Adelaide Oval in 1878. and was succeeded by Charlie Checkett in 1883. Hide was born in Eastbourne, Sussex.

South Australia cricket team
The South Australia men's cricket team is an Australian men's professional first-class cricket team based in the state of South Australia. South Australia play their home matches at Adelaide Oval and Karen Rolton Oval, they are the state cricket team for South Australia representing the state in the Sheffield Shield competition and the limited overs One-Day Cup. The team is selected and supported by the South Australian Cricket Association (SACA).

The team's One-Day Cup uniform features a red body with gold and blue elements, the state's colours. They were known as the Southern Redbacks from 1995 to 2024, and officially competed under the West End Redbacks moniker from 1996 to 2024 due to a sponsorship agreement with West End. The Redbacks formerly competed in the now-defunct KFC Twenty20 Big Bash, but were succeeded by the Adelaide Strikers in 2011 because this league was replaced with the Big Bash League.
The Seven Faces of Jane
The Seven Faces of Jane is a 2022 American anthology film. The film originates from directors Gillian Jacobs, Gia Coppola, Boma Iluma, Ryan Heffington, Alexandra Cassavetes, Julian Acosta, Ken Jeong and Alex Takacs. It consists of eight short films, all starring Jacobs as the title character.

The anthology film has eight different directors who are allowed to develop their script as they see fit. It follows Jane, who tumbles through a gauntlet of surreal, beautiful, and heartbreaking adventures, each one more unexpected than the last.

The film premiered at the 2022 Bentonville Film Festival on June 22, 2022. It was released in select theaters and on video on demand on January 13, 2023.

Anthology film
An anthology film (also known as an omnibus film, package film or portmanteau film) is a single film consisting of three or more shorter films, each complete in itself and distinguished from the other, though frequently tied together by a single theme, premise, or author. Sometimes each one is directed by a different director or written by a different author, or may even have been made at different times or in different countries. Anthology films are distinguished from "revue films" such as Paramount on Parade (1930)—which were common in Hollywood in the early decades of sound film, composite films, and compilation films.

Anthology films are often mistaken for hyperlink cinema. Hyperlink cinema shows parts of many stories throughout a film, whereas anthology films show story segments of one at a time. Some mistaken examples include Pulp Fiction (1994) and Amores Perros (2000), distributing their storylines non-chronologically, separated by segments.
2021 Patriot League Football Championship Game
The 2021 Patriot League Football Championship Game was a college football game played on Saturday April 17, 2021, to determine the 2020–21 champion of the Patriot League. The game featured the south division champions Bucknell Bison and the North division champions Holy Cross Crusaders in the conference's first championship game. The game was held because the Patriot League split into two divisions for the first time in its history, after the Georgetown Hoyas opted out of the 2021 spring football season.

2020 Holy Cross Crusaders football team
The 2020 Holy Cross Crusaders football team represented the College of the Holy Cross in the 2020–21 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Crusaders, led by third-year head coach Bob Chesney, played their home games at Fitton Field as a member of the Patriot League.

On July 13, 2020, the Patriot League announced that it would cancel its fall sports seasons due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The league announced a spring schedule on February 5, with the first games set to be played on March 13.
Yang Jung-doo
Jungdoo Yang (born 1991) is a South Korean swimmer. On August 2, 2013, at the 2013 World Aquatics Championships in the Men's 50 metre freestyle event, Jungdoo Yang swam in the time of 22.48 to set the South Korean record.

2013 World Aquatics Championships
The 15th FINA World Championships (Catalan: Campionat Mundial de Natació de 2013, Spanish: Campeonato Mundial de Natación de 2013) were held from 20 July to 4 August in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. The 2013 World Championships featured 6 aquatics disciplines: swimming, water polo, diving, high diving, open water, and synchronised swimming.

The Championships were originally awarded to Dubai, United Arab Emirates, in July 2009; however, Dubai withdrew as host in May 2010. FINA then re-bid the meet, and Barcelona was selected on September 26, 2010.
Tour of Austria
The Tour of Austria (German: Internationale Österreich Rundfahrt) is a stage cycling race held in Austria. From 1949 to 1995 it was a race for amateur cyclists and became a professional event in 1996. In 2005 and 2006 it was organised as a 2.1 event on the UCI Europe Tour, becoming a 2.HC event in 2007. and then a UCI ProSeries race in 2020. Since 2005 it has usually been held in July. Before that, it was seen as an ideal preparation race for the Tour de France.

Race stage
A race stage, leg, or heat is a unit of a race that has been divided in several parts for the reason such as length of the distance to be covered, as in a multi-day event. Usually, such a race consists of "ordinary" stages, but sometimes stages are held as an individual time trial or a team time trial. Long races such as the Tour de France, Absa Cape Epic or the Giro d'Italia are known for their stages of one day each, whereas the boat sailing Velux 5 Oceans Race is broken down in usually four stages of several weeks duration each, where the competitors are racing continuously day and night. In bicycling and running events, a race with stages is known as a stage race. Other examples include ultramarathons and adventure racing.
Bali Democracy Forum
The Bali Democracy Forum (BDF) is a meeting held in Bali, and attended by representatives from nations in the Asia Pacific region. The forum was initiated by Indonesia in 2008 with the stated aim of fostering democracy, human rights, equality, and mutual respect.

As of 2018, there have been 11 forums, held each year since 2008. 58 nations have attended the forums, with some from outside the Pacific region, such as Yemen and Afghanistan. The forum has been the subject of controversy and has been boycotted by several groups because of the perceived lack of democratic ideals in Bali, the removal of direct elections for local bodies, and the banning of protests during the forum itself.

BDF participants are encouraged to discuss democracy constructively, regardless of their own political taboos or restrictive standardization. The BDF encourages participants to share their experiences in accordance with the conditions of each country.

Political egalitarianism
Political egalitarianism describes an inclusive and fair allocation of political power or influence, fair processes, and fair treatment of all regardless of characteristics like race, gender, religion, age, wealth, intelligence and sexuality. Political egalitarianism, and its close cousin political equality, are key founding principles and sources of legitimacy for many democracies. Related principles include one person, one vote and equality before the law.
Seo Jee-won
Seo Jee-won (Korean: 서지원; born April 13, 1994 in Seoul) is a South Korean freestyle skier specializing in moguls.

Seo competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics for South Korea. She placed 24th in the first qualifying round in the moguls, failing to advance. In the second qualifying round, she placed 13th, again not advancing.

As of March 2017, her best showing at the World Championships is 4th place in the 2017 dual moguls. She lost in the semifinals to eventual silver medalist Yulia Galysheva and missed out on bronze to American Jaelin Kauf.

Seo made her World Cup debut in February 2012. As of September 2015, her best World Cup finish is 6th place in a dual moguls event at Deer Valley in 2014–15. Her best World Cup overall finish in halfpipe is 23rd in 2014–15.

FIS Freestyle Ski and Snowboarding World Championships 2017
The 2017 FIS Freestyle Ski and Snowboarding World Championships were held in Sierra Nevada, Spain, from March 6–19, 2017.

Snowboard cross team events for men and women were introduced to the championships schedule for the first time, bringing the total number of events contested to 26.
Murray Aynsley Hill
Murray Aynsley Hill is a hillside suburb of Christchurch, New Zealand, located on the fringes of the Port Hills 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) south-east of the city centre. Situated above the suburb was Glenelg Children's Health Camp; the school for children with behavioural problems was closed by the Minister of Education, Anne Tolley, in January 2012. The suburb is named after early Christchurch settler Hugh Murray-Aynsley. The first owner of the land was Colonel Alexander Lean.

Minister of Education (New Zealand)
The Minister of Education is a minister in the New Zealand Government with responsibility for the country's schools, and is in charge of the Ministry of Education.

The present Minister is Erica Stanford, a member of the National Party.
Klerf Formation
The Klerf Formation is an Early Devonian (Emsian) formation that includes a Lagerstätte in the Northern Eifel hills, at Willwerath near Prüm, Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. In it Jaekelopterus rhenaniae, a giant eurypterid was discovered. The Klerf Formation, comprising greenish and reddish shales, siltstones and sandstones, was first described in 1919 by Rudolf Richter (1881-1957) and reaches a maximum thickness of about 1,300 metres (4,300 ft). It is part of Alken quarry along with Nellenköpfchen Formation.

Emsian
The Emsian is one of three faunal stages in the Early Devonian Epoch. It lasted from 410.62 ±1.95 million years ago to 393.47 ±0.99 million years ago. It was preceded by the Pragian Stage and followed by the Eifelian Stage. It is named after the Ems river in Germany. The GSSP is located in the Zinzil'ban Gorge in the Kitab State Geological Reserve of Uzbekistan, 35 centimetres (14 in) above the contact with the Madmon Formation.

In North America the Emsian Stage is represented by Sawkill or Sawkillian time.
Martin McManus (politician)
Martin John McManus (born 16 November 1961) is a former Australian politician. Born in Hobart, Tasmania, he trained first in electrical and industrial electronics. Later completing tertiary studies in teaching. He is the great-grandson of Edward Mulcahy, a long-serving Tasmanian Senator and MHA. On 19 October 2001, he was elected as a Liberal Member to the Tasmanian House of Assembly for the seat of Franklin in a recount caused by the resignation of Peter Hodgman. He was defeated for re-election in 2002—when both the leader and deputy leader of the Liberal Party also lost their seats. Martin McManus served as an alderman for the Clarence City Council, first elected in October 1996 and also as Deputy Mayor. He remained an elected member for the City of Clarence for 17 years, concluding in October 2014. Martin McManus is a graduate of both the University of Tasmania and the University of New South Wales.
He died on 22nd December, 2025.

Tasmanian Liberal Party
The Tasmanian Liberal Party, officially known as the Liberal Party of Australia (Tasmanian Division) and more simply as the Tasmanian Liberals, is the state division of the Liberal Party of Australia in Tasmania.

The incumbent premier of Tasmania is Jeremy Rockliff, who has served as the Liberal leader since 2022.
2005 European Road Championships
The 2005 European Road Championships were held in Moscow, Russia, between 7 July and 10 July 2005. Regulated by the European Cycling Union. The event consisted of a road race and a time trial for men and women under 23 and juniors.

Union Européenne de Cyclisme
The Union Européenne de Cyclisme (abbreviation: UEC, English: European Cycling Union) is the European confederation of national cycling bodies; the national federations of the Union Cycliste Internationale form confederations by continent. It is headquartered in Lausanne.

In reaction to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, the UEC announced that Russia and Belarus officials will not be able to officiate at any UEC event, or attend or take part in any UEC meeting, committee, or forum.
Supreme Court of Bashkortostan
The Supreme Court of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Bashkir: Başkortostan Respublikahı Yuğarı Sudı) is a regional court for the region of Bashkortostan. It is the court of last resort in Russian administrative law, civil law and criminal law cases. It also supervises the work of lower courts. Its predecessor is the Supreme Court of the Bashkir ASSR.

Private law
Private law is the part of a legal system that governs interactions between individual persons. It is distinguished from public law, which deals with relationships between both natural and artificial persons (i.e., organizations) and the state, including regulatory statutes, penal law and other law that affects the public order. In general terms, private law involves interactions between private individuals, whereas public law involves interrelations between the state and the general population. In legal systems of the civil law tradition, it is that part of the jus commune that involves relationships between individuals, such as the law of contracts and torts (as it is called in the common law tradition), and the law of obligations (as it is called in the civil law tradition).
Takasago stable
Takasago stable (髙砂部屋 or 高砂部屋, Takasago-beya) is a stable of sumo wrestlers, one of the Takasago group of stables. It is correctly written in Japanese as "髙砂部屋", but the first of these kanji is rare, and is more commonly written as "高砂部屋".

Ryōgoku Kokugikan
Ryōgoku Kokugikan (Japanese: 両国国技館; lit. "Ryōgoku National Sports Hall"), also known as Ryōgoku Sumo Hall or Kokugikan Arena, refers to two different indoor sporting arenas located in Tokyo. The first Ryōgoku Kokugikan opened its doors in 1909 and was located on the premises of the Ekōin temple in Ryōgoku, Tokyo. Although no sumo bouts were held after 1945, following the capitulation of Japan and the requisition of the building by the occupying forces, the building itself remained active until 1983, being notably used by the Nihon University. The second Ryōgoku Kokugikan is currently located in the Yokoami neighborhood of Sumida next to the Edo-Tokyo Museum. It opened in 1985, following the closure of the Kuramae Kokugikan, and is still in use today.
Milan Obrenović (revolutionary)
Milan Obrenović (Serbian Cyrillic: Милан Обреновић, c. 1770 – 16 December 1810) was a general (vojvoda) during the Serbian Revolution. He was the half-brother of Prince Miloš I of Serbia, Jovan Obrenović, and Jevrem Obrenović.

Jovan Obrenović
Jovan Teodorović Obrenović (c. 1787 – 22 January 1850), also known as Gospodar Jovan, was a Serbian divisional general, commander of the Morava-Podrinje military area, governor of the Rudnik and Požega districts. He was the brother of Miloš Obrenović and Jevrem Obrenović.
Fisher Youngster
The Fisher Youngster is a Canadian single-seat, conventional landing gear, single-engined, biplane kit aircraft designed for construction by amateur builders. The aircraft was inspired by the German Bücker Bü 133 Jungmeister aerobatic aircraft of the 1930s.

Fisher Flying Products was originally based in Edgeley, North Dakota, USA but the company is now located in Vaughan, Ontario, Canada.

Bracing (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, bracing comprises structural members which stiffen the functional airframe to give it rigidity and strength under load. Bracing may be applied both internally and externally, and may take the form of struts, which act in compression or tension as the need arises, and/or wires, which act only in tension.

In general, bracing allows a stronger, lighter structure than one which is unbraced, but external bracing adds drag which slows down the aircraft and raises considerably more design issues than internal bracing. Another disadvantage of bracing wires is that they require routine checking and adjustment, or rigging, even when located internally.

During the early years of aviation, bracing was a universal feature of aeroplanes, including monoplanes and biplanes, which were then equally common. Bracing in the form of lift struts remains in use for some light commercial designs where a high wing and light weight are more important than ultimate performance.
Vorwerk (company)
Vorwerk SE & Co. KG, trading as Vorwerk (German pronunciation: [ˈfoːɐ̯ˌvɛʁk]), is an international diversified corporate group headquartered in Wuppertal, Germany. Vorwerk was founded in 1883. The core business is the production and the sale of two household products (Thermomix, a kitchen appliance; Kobold, a vacuum cleaner) mainly via direct sales.

Akf Bank, founded in 1968, is a subsidiary of the company and is a financing partner for medium-sized companies.

The company, which is family-owned and operated as a limited partnership, reported having 9,307 employees as of 2024. The company posted a revenue of €3.2 billion in 2024.

Corporate group
A corporate group, company group or business group, also formally known as a group of companies, is a collection of parent and subsidiary corporations that function as a single economic entity through a common source of control. These types of groups are often managed by an account manager. The concept of a group is frequently used in tax law and accounting and (less frequently) company law to attribute the rights and duties of one member of the group to another or the whole. If the corporations are engaged in entirely different businesses, the group is called a conglomerate. The forming of corporate groups usually involves consolidation via mergers and acquisitions, although the group concept focuses on the instances in which the merged and acquired corporate entities remain in existence rather than the instances in which they are dissolved by the parent. The group may be owned by a holding company which may have no actual operations.
Otto Lubarsch
Otto Lubarsch (4 January 1860 – 1 April 1933) was a German pathologist and academic who was a native of Berlin.  Among other contributions to medical knowledge, Lubarsch provided the first detailed description of carcinoid tumors.

Testicle
A testicle, also called testis (pl. testes) is the male gonad in all gonochoric animals, including humans, and is homologous to the ovary, which is the female gonad.  Its primary functions are the production of sperm and the secretion of androgens, primarily testosterone.

The release of testosterone is regulated by luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland. Sperm production is controlled by follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) from the anterior pituitary gland and by testosterone produced within the gonads.