hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
PacWest
PacWest can refer to:

Pacific West Conference, an intercollegiate college athletic conference affiliated with NCAA Division II

Pacific Western Athletic Association, an intercollegiate college athletic conference affiliated with the CCAA

PacWest Bancorp, parent company of Pacific Western Bank in Los Angeles, California, United States

PacWest Center, a 29-story office building in Portland, Oregon

PacWest Racing, Bruce McCaw's Champ Car racing team in operation from 1993 to 2002

Pac-West Telecomm, a wholesale telecommunications carrier headquartered in Oakland, California

Pacific Western University (Hawaii), also called American PacWest International University, an unaccredited school in operation from 1988 to 2006.

The Western Collegiate Athletic Association, a former NCAA Division I women's sports conference known as the "Pacific West Conference" in its final season of 1985–86

Pac-West Telecomm
Pac-West Telecomm, Inc. was a privately owned, wholesale telecommunications carrier founded in 1980 and headquartered in Oakland, California. The company is one of the few wholesale-focused competitive local exchange carriers (CLEC) in the United States.

This company provides origination services to the Westcoast, Texas, Northeast including 31 states.

On March 28, 2013, Pac-West submitted its filing in the U.S. Bankruptcy Court in the Western District of Texas under Chapter 11 filing.

Pac-West has over 20 creditors, many of which are a mix of large service providers and CLECs including; AT&T (NYSE: T), CenturyLink (NYSE: CTL), Frontier (Nasdaq: FTR), Telus (Toronto: T.TO), and Alpheus Communications.

On September 9, 2013, TNCI Operating Company LLC completed the acquisition of Pac-West Telecomm Inc.
Oskar Schultz
Oskar Alexander Napoleon Schultz (16 September 1855, in Padasjoki – 10 March 1919) was a Finnish engineer, civil servant and politician. He was a member of the Parliament of Finland from 1907 to 1908, representing the Swedish People's Party of Finland (SFP).

Padasjoki
Padasjoki (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈpɑdɑsˌjoki]) is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the province of Southern Finland and is part of the Päijät-Häme region. It is 53 kilometres (33 mi) from Padasjoki to Lahti and 65 kilometres (40 mi) to Heinola. The municipality has a population of 2,670 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 729.85 square kilometres (281.80 sq mi) of which 206.68 km2 (79.80 sq mi) is water. The population density is 5.1 inhabitants per square kilometre (13/sq mi).

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

Padasjoki is known as a summer cottage municipality. By number, it has more holiday homes than permanent residents.
Sant'Agostino, Amatrice
Sant'Agostino (Italian: Chiesa di Sant'Agostino) is a ruined Roman Catholic church in Amatrice, province of Rieti, Lazio, Italy. It was built in 1428 and it was dedicated to Saint Nicholas, but it was modified over subsequent centuries and rededicated to Saint Augustine of Hippo. Most of the church was destroyed in a series of earthquakes in 2016–17.

Province of Rieti
The province of Rieti (Italian: provincia di Rieti) is a province in the Lazio region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Rieti. Established in 1927, it has an area of 2,750.52 square kilometres (1,061.98 sq mi) with a total population of 157,887 people as of 2017. There are 73 comuni (sg.: comune) in the province.
Muja, Ethiopia
Muja (Amharic: ሙጃ) is a town in northern Ethiopia. Part of the Semien Wollo Zone of the Amhara Region, this town has a latitude and longitude of 12°04′N 39°27′E﻿ / ﻿12.067°N 39.450°E﻿ / 12.067; 39.450 with an elevation of 2918 meters above sea level.

Amhara Region
The Amhara Region (Amharic: አማራ ክልል, romanized: Åmara Kilil), officially the Amhara National Regional State (Amharic: የአማራ ብሔራዊ ክልላዊ መንግሥት, romanized: yeämara bıħérawi kılılawi mengıct), is a regional state in northern Ethiopia and the homeland of the Amhara, Awi, Argobba, and Qemant people. Its capital is Bahir Dar which is the seat of the Regional Government of Amhara. Amhara is the site of the largest inland body of water in Ethiopia, Lake Tana (which is the source of the Blue Nile), Grand Renaissance Dam and Semien Mountains National Park (which includes Ras Dashan, the highest point in Ethiopia). Amhara is bordered by Sudan to the west and northwest and by these regions of Ethiopia: Tigray to the north, Afar to the east, Benishangul-Gumuz to southwest, and Oromia to the south. Towns and cities in Amhara include: Dessie, Gonder, Debre Birhan, Debre Tabor, Kombolcha, Weldiya, Debre Markos, Seqota, Kobo, and Metema. The Regions name is said to mean “noble” or “highland”.
Spynet
Spynet is a CBC Television children's show, which features Sam, played by Kim Schraner, as a spy operative for a fictional Canadian spy agency, the National Espionage Task-Force (NET). It started as an ultra-low budget segment, of short length, but increased modestly in budget and length, to a half-hour format. It aired on February 25, 2002 to 2004 and is directed by Michael Kinney

The episodes, built to be educational with a plot, vary in their content-action ratio.

Spy fiction
Spy fiction is a genre of literature involving espionage as an important context or plot device. It emerged in the early twentieth century, inspired by rivalries and intrigues between the major powers, and the establishment of modern intelligence agencies. It was given new impetus by the development of communism and fascism in the lead-up to World War II, continued to develop during the Cold War, and received a fresh impetus from the emergence of rogue states, international criminal organizations, global terrorist networks, maritime piracy and technological sabotage and espionage as potent threats to Western societies.  As a genre, spy fiction is thematically related to the novel of adventure (The Prisoner of Zenda, 1894, The Scarlet Pimpernel, 1905), the thriller (such as the works of Edgar Wallace) and the politico-military thriller (The Schirmer Inheritance, 1953, The Quiet American, 1955).
Cameron McAuslan
Cameron Lachlan McAuslan (born 1 June 1998) is a Hong Kong cricketer.

McAuslan is based in New Zealand and attended Otago Boys' High School in Dunedin, being part of their 1st XI squad that finished third in The Secondary School Boys’ First XI Cup in December 2016. He was selected in the Hong Kong squad for 2017 Desert T20 Challenge. He made his One Day International (ODI) debut for Hong Kong against Scotland on 22 January 2017.

He made his first-class debut against Papua New Guinea in the 2015–17 ICC Intercontinental Cup on 29 November 2017.

In August 2018, he was named in Hong Kong's squad for the 2018 Asia Cup Qualifier tournament, and after Hong Kong won the qualifier tournament, in Hong Kong's squad for the 2018 Asia Cup. In November 2019, he was named in Hong Kong's squad for the 2019 ACC Emerging Teams Asia Cup in Bangladesh.

2018 Asia Cup
The 2018 Asia Cup (also known as Unimoni Asia Cup for sponsorship reasons) was a One-Day International (ODI) cricket tournament that was held in the United Arab Emirates in September 2018. It was the 14th edition of the Asia Cup and the third time the tournament was played in the United Arab Emirates, after the 1984 and 1995 tournaments. India were the defending champions, and retained their title, after beating Bangladesh by three wickets in the final.

The five full members of the Asian Cricket Council took part in the tournament: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. They were joined by Hong Kong, who won the 2018 Asia Cup Qualifier tournament. Hong Kong had lost their ODI status after finishing tenth in the 2018 Cricket World Cup Qualifier in March. However, on 9 September 2018, the International Cricket Council (ICC) awarded ODI status to all matches in the tournament.
Samuel Mancini
Samuel Mancini is an American actor, model and singer-songwriter from Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania. Mancini made his acting debut alongside Olivia Wilde and Diane Keaton in the film Love the Coopers in 2015.

In 2017 Mancini released his debut EP titled ‘’Attention’’.

In 2021 Samuel released his first mixtape, Feed the Fire, which became a Billboard hit in March 2021. It also reached the top-twenty of the iTunes sales chart.

Love the Coopers
Love the Coopers (titled Christmas with the Coopers in the UK and Ireland) is a 2015 American Christmas comedy-drama film directed by Jessie Nelson and written by Steven Rogers. The film stars an ensemble cast, including Alan Arkin, John Goodman, Ed Helms, Diane Keaton, Jake Lacy, Anthony Mackie, Amanda Seyfried, June Squibb, Marisa Tomei, Timothée Chalamet, Olivia Wilde and features the voice of Steve Martin.

The plot follows an imperfect family who reunites for the holidays, as seen through the eyes of an unexpected narrator.

The film was released by CBS Films (via Lionsgate) on November 13, 2015. It received negative reviews from critics and grossed $42.4 million against a production budget of $17 million.
Tree Island (British Columbia)
Tree Island is a small uninhabited island in the Fraser River in Coquitlam, British Columbia. It is located near the mouth of the Coquitlam River, just east of the Port Mann Bridge and west of the much larger Douglas Island.

Coquitlam
Coquitlam (/koʊˈkwɪtləm/ ⓘ koh-KWIT-ləm) is a city in the Lower Mainland of British Columbia, Canada. Mainly suburban, Coquitlam is the sixth-largest city in the province, with an estimated population of 174,248 in 2024, and one of the 21 municipalities comprising Metro Vancouver. The mayor is Richard Stewart.
Fluorophen
Fluorophen, or fluorofen, is a fluorinated analogue of phenazocine, an opioid drug of the benzomorphan group, which was developed as a radioligand for the purpose of labeling opioid receptors during PET scans (with 18F). Unlike most other benzomorphan derivatives, fluorophen acts as a full agonist of the opioid receptors with preferential affinity for the μ-opioid receptor (approximately 6x that of morphine), similar but slightly lower affinity for the δ-opioid receptor (equipotent to [D-Ala2, D-Leu5]enkephalin), and very low affinity for the κ-opioid receptor.

Fluorine-18
Fluorine-18 (18F, also called radiofluorine) is a fluorine radioisotope which is an important source of positrons. Its half-life is 109.734 minutes, less than two hours, and one of the shortest of radioisotopes with use outside research. It decays by positron emission 96.7% of the time and electron capture 3.3% of the time. Both modes of decay yield stable oxygen-18.
P4HA1
Prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha-1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the P4HA1 gene.

This gene encodes a component of prolyl 4-hydroxylase, a key enzyme in collagen synthesis composed of two identical alpha subunits and two beta subunits. The encoded protein is one of several different types of alpha subunits and provides the major part of the catalytic site of the active enzyme. In collagen and related proteins, prolyl 4-hydroxylase catalyzes the formation of 4-hydroxyproline that is essential to the proper three-dimensional folding of newly synthesized procollagen chains. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described.

Procollagen-proline dioxygenase
Procollagen-proline dioxygenase, commonly known as prolyl hydroxylase, is a member of the class of enzymes known as alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent hydroxylases. These enzymes catalyze the incorporation of oxygen into organic substrates through a mechanism that requires alpha-Ketoglutaric acid, Fe2+, and ascorbate. This particular enzyme catalyzes the formation of (2S, 4R)-4-hydroxyproline, a compound that represents the most prevalent post-translational modification in the human proteome.
Juan Gavazzo
Juan Manuel Gavazzo Buchardo (13 December 1888 – 14 April 1965) was an Argentine artist and diplomat. His work was part of the art competition at the 1932 Summer Olympics.

Gavazzo resided in Paris, France from 1915 to 1925. He received his artistic training at the Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando in Madrid, Spain and the Académie Ranson in Paris. He worked as a diplomat for Argentina from 1925 to 1952, serving in Spain, France, the United Kingdom, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Germany, and Yugoslavia.

Art competitions at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Art competitions were held as part of the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States.  Medals were awarded in five categories (architecture, literature, music, painting, and sculpture), for works inspired by sport-related themes.

Art competitions were part of the Olympic program from 1912 to 1948, but were discontinued due to concerns about amateurism and professionalism.  Since 1952, a non-competitive art and cultural festival has been associated with each game.
Karmen Kokot
Karmen Kokot is a Croatian former handball player.

Born in Labin, Istria, she played for local club ŽRK Rudar Labin. She was part of the golden generation of ŽRK Rudar Labin's players who played in the Yugoslav Premier League.

As a youth, Kokot played for Yugoslavia women's national junior handball team. She was named best player of the Yugoslavian junior league playing for Rudar, and became a standard player in Yugolavia's national team. She also played for Yugoslavia women's national handball team with the B team.

In 2011, at an event in occasion of the signing of a cooperation agreement between Mladi Rudar Labin and the Balić - Metličić Academy, presided by many former handball players, including Ivano Balić, Lorena Beučić, Adriana Prosenjak, Ornela Paliska and Valner Franković, she performed at an exhibition game with the other greatest players in Labin's history, including Prosenjak, Paliska and Ingrid Zuliani.

Istria
Istria (/ˈɪstriə/ IST-ree-ə; Croatian and Slovene: Istra; Italian and Venetian: Istria; Istriot: Eîstria; Istro-Romanian: Istria; Latin: Histria; Ancient Greek: Ἱστρία) is the largest peninsula within the Adriatic Sea. Located at the top of the Adriatic between the Gulf of Trieste and the Kvarner Gulf, the peninsula is shared by three countries: Croatia, Slovenia, and Italy, 90% of its area being part of Croatia. Most of Croatian Istria is part of Istria County.
Phyllanthopsis
Phyllanthopsis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Phyllanthaceae. It is one of the eight genera in the tribe Poranthereae. It has two species. The type species is Phyllanthopsis phyllanthoides.

Phyllanthopsis is native to Texas, Oklahoma and Mexico. It consists of monoecious or dioecious shrubs.

Phyllanthopsis phyllanthoides had been placed in Leptopus or Andrachne and Phyllanthopsis arida had been placed in Andrachne. In 2007, a molecular phylogenetic study showed that these two species did not belong in either of these genera because they formed a clade that is sister to a clade consisting of Leptopus and Actephila.  In 2008, the new genus Phyllanthopsis was created for these two species.

Monoecy
Monoecy (from Ancient Greek  μονοικία (monoikía) 'one household'; adj. monoecious), is a sexual system in seed plants where separate male and female cones or flowers are present on the same plant. It is a monomorphic sexual system comparable with gynomonoecy, andromonoecy and trimonoecy, and contrasted with dioecy where individual plants produce cones or flowers of only one sex, and with bisexual or hermaphroditic plants in which male and female gametes are produced in the same flower.

Monoecy often co-occurs with anemophily, because it prevents self-pollination of individual flowers and reduces the probability of self-pollination between male and female flowers on the same plant.: 32

Monoecy in angiosperms has been of interest for evolutionary biologists since Charles Darwin.
Yeltsovka, Yeltsovsky District, Altai Krai
Yeltsovka (Russian: Ельцовка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Yeltsovsky District of Altai Krai, Russia. Population:  2,861 (2010 Census); 3,337 (2002 Census); 3,561 (1989 Soviet census).

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
Bangalla
Bangalla (/bənˈɡælə, -ˈɡɑːl-/), also known as Bengalla (in the 1996 movie adaptation), Bengal or Bengali, is a fictional African country from Lee Falk's comic strip The Phantom. Bangalla is the home of the Phantom, who resides in the Deep Woods of the jungle in the fabled Skull Cave. Until the 1960s, the country was portrayed as being in Asia, near India. In the 1996 film, Bengalla is located in Asia instead of Africa. In the 2009 miniseries, Bangalla is a fictional small island nation located in the Malay Archipelago.

Jungle
A jungle is land covered with dense forest and tangled vegetation, usually in tropical climates. Application of the term has varied greatly during the past century. Because jungles occur on all inhabited landmasses and may incorporate numerous vegetation and land types in different climatic zones, the wildlife of jungles cannot be straightforwardly defined.
Kal, Poland
Kal [kal] (German: Kehlen) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Węgorzewo, within Węgorzewo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia. It is located between lakes Mamry and Święcajty in the historic region of Masuria.

The village has a population of 150.

Masuria
Masuria (Polish: Mazury [maˈzurɨ] ⓘ; Masurian: Mazurÿ; German: Masuren [maˈzuːʁən] ⓘ) is an ethnographic and geographic region in northern and northeastern Poland, known for its 2,000 lakes. Masuria occupies much of the Masurian Lake District. Administratively, it is part of the Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship (administrative area/province). Its biggest city, often regarded as its capital, is Ełk. The region covers a territory of some 10,000 km2 which approximately 500,000 people inhabit.

Masuria is bordered by Warmia, Powiśle and Chełmno Land in the west, Mazovia in the south, Podlachia and Suwałki Region in the east, and Lithuania Minor in the north.
Adam Clark Vroman
Adam Clark Vroman (April 15, 1856, La Salle, Illinois - July 24, 1916, Altadena, California) was an American portrait photographer, known primarily for his portraits of indigenous peoples of the Southwestern United States. He was the founder and proprietor of Vroman's Bookstore - the oldest and largest independent bookshop in Southern California.

He originally worked for the railways in various positions. In 1892 he began taking landscape photographs, then opened a bookstore in Pasadena together with J.S. Glassock. From 1895, he visited the villages of the Hopi Native Americans for ten years, which he painted. In addition, he photographed the Navajo tribe. Later he also lectured on Indigenous Americans

In his photographs, he showed their facial features, but also realistic images of their dwellings and arranged simple genre scenes of their way of life. In the portrait, he combined documentary requirements with a cultivated rendering.

Altadena, California
Altadena (/ˌɑːltəˈdiːnə/pronunciationⓘAL-tə-DEE-nə) is an unincorporated area, and census-designated place in the San Gabriel Valley and the Verdugos regions of Los Angeles County, California. Directly north of Pasadena, it is located approximately 14 miles (23 km) from Downtown Los Angeles. Its population was 42,846 at the 2020 census, up slightly from a 2010 figure of 42,777. In early 2025, the community was severely impacted by the Eaton Fire.
Gábor P. Szabó
Gábor Péter Szabó (14 October 1902 – 26 February 1950) was a Hungarian footballer who played for Újpest FC, as well as representing the Hungary national football team at the 1934 FIFA World Cup. He played 11 games and scored six goals for the Hungary national team as a left winger.

P. Szabó won the 1929 Mitropa Cup and the 1930 Coupe des Nations with Újpest FC.

Mitropa Cup
The Mitropa Cup, officially called Coupe de l'Europe Centrale, Mitteleuropäischer Pokal or Central European Cup, was one of the first international major European football cups for club sides. It was conducted among the successor states of the former Austria-Hungary. After World War II in 1951 a replacement tournament named Zentropa Cup was held, but just for one season, the Mitropa Cup name was revived, and again in 1958 the name of the tournament changed to Danube Cup but only for one season. The tournament was discontinued after 1992.

The most successful club is Vasas with six titles.
Bit-Twist
Free and open-source software portal

Bit-Twist is a powerful libpcap-based Ethernet packet generator and packet capture editor, written in POSIX-compliant C, designed to complement tcpdump by replaying captured traffic from pcap files onto live networks. It supports Windows (using Npcap), Linux, BSD, and macOS, allowing the editing of key fields in Ethernet, ARP, IPv4, IPv6, ICMP, and TCP/UDP headers. It can also generate pcap files from its built-in templates, enabling packet creation without existing capture files, along with payload generation from uniformly distributed random bytes or fixed bytes, such as hex streams from Wireshark. Ideal for testing firewalls, IDS, IPS, routers, switches, load balancers, and other network equipment, it delivers performance that matches the line rate of NIC, up to 10Gbps.

Load balancing (computing)
In computing, load balancing is the process of distributing a set of tasks over a set of resources (computing units) with the aim of making their overall processing more efficient. Load balancing can optimize response time and avoid unevenly overloading some compute nodes while other compute nodes are left idle.

Load balancing is the subject of research in the field of parallel computers. Two main approaches exist: static algorithms, which do not take into account the state of the different machines, and dynamic algorithms, which are usually more general and more efficient but require exchanges of information between the different computing units, at the risk of a loss of efficiency.
Croatian Republican Party
The Croatian Republican Party (Croatian: Hrvatska republikanska stranka, HRS) is a Croat conservative, centre-right political party in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The party also participates in 11th electoral district for Croatian parliament in cooperation with The Bridge.

Croatian Parliament electoral districts
The Croatian Parliament electoral districts (Croatian: izborne jedinice) are the special territorial subdivision of Croatia used for the country's parliamentary elections.

Croatia has twelve electoral districts. Ten of these are geographical districts within Croatia, each providing fourteen members of Croatian Parliament. District XI is for Croatian citizens living abroad, with three members of parliament (until 2011, it elected a maximum twelve members of parliament, depending on turnout). District XII is for national minorities, providing eight members of parliament.

The first ten districts are roughly based on geography, but shaped according to the number of voters so that each district holds roughly the same number of registered voters, around 400,000. These districts therefore do not correspond to the borders of top administrative divisions within Croatia and each district contains one or more or parts of several Croatian counties.