hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Julie N oil spill
The Julie N oil spill occurred on September 27, 1996, when the Liberian-flagged oil tanker Julie N struck the Million Dollar Bridge in Portland, Maine while carrying over 200,000 barrels (32,000 m3) of heating oil. An estimated 180,000 U.S. gallons (680,000 liters) of oil was spilled in the incident; about 38,000 U.S. gallons (140,000 liters) was never recovered.

Tanker (ship)
A tanker (or tank ship or tankship) is a ship designed to transport or store liquids or gases in bulk.  Major types of tanker ship include the oil tanker (or petroleum tanker), the chemical tanker, cargo ships, and a gas carrier. Tankers also carry commodities such as vegetable oils, citrus juice, molasses, and wine.

In the United States Navy and Military Sealift Command, a tanker used to refuel other ships is called an oiler (or replenishment oiler if it can also supply dry stores) but many other navies use the terms tanker and replenishment tanker.

Tankers were first developed in the late 19th century as iron and steel hulls and pumping systems were developed. As of 2005, there were just over 4,000 tankers and supertankers 10,000 LT DWT or greater operating worldwide.
Banshan
Banshan was a phase of the Chinese Neolithic Majiayao culture, c. 2600 to 2300 BC. The Banshan site is in Guanghe County, Gansu.

In 1923 and 1924, Swedish scholar J. G. Anderson discovered the sites of Banshan, Majiayao, Machang, Qijia and Xindian at Lajia on the north bank of the Yellow River.

Lajia
Lajia (Chinese: 喇家; pinyin: Lǎjiā) is a Bronze Age archaeological site in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, on the border between the Chinese provinces of Gansu and Qinghai. As at other sites of the Qijia culture (c. 2300–1500 BCE), the people of Lajia had an agricultural economy based primarily on millet cultivation and sheep herding. They also kept pigs for use in ritual activities, including making oracle bones, and experimented with a high temperature-fired pottery described as proto-porcelain. The world's oldest known noodles were discovered at the site in 2005.

A natural disaster buried the site and killed many of its inhabitants in around 1920 BCE, but archaeologists continue to debate the exact cause of the catastrophe.
Cannon 76/40 Model 1916
The Cannone da 76/40 Modello 1916 (Cannon 76/40 Model 1916) was a widely used naval gun on ships of the Royal Italian Navy during World War I and World War II.  A very versatile weapon, it was used as primary, secondary and tertiary armament on a number of ship classes, while other ship classes had a shortened version of it, the Cannone da 76/30 Modello 1915.  After being replaced aboard ships of the Royal Italian Navy it saw widespread use on land in a number of different roles such as coastal artillery, anti-aircraft gun and railroad gun during World War II.

Railway gun
A railway gun, also called a railroad gun, is a large artillery piece, often surplus naval artillery, mounted on, transported by, and fired from a specially designed railway wagon. Many countries have built railway guns, but the best-known are the large Krupp-built pieces used by Germany in World War I and World War II. Smaller guns were often part of an armoured train.  They were only able to be moved where there were good tracks, which could be destroyed by artillery bombardment or airstrike. Railway guns were phased out after World War II.
Saint-Pierre-d'Aurillac station
Saint-Pierre-d'Aurillac is a railway station in Saint-Pierre-d'Aurillac, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France. The station is located on the Bordeaux–Sète railway line. The station is served by TER (local) services operated by SNCF.

Transport express régional
Transport express régional (French pronunciation: [tʁɑ̃spɔʁ ɛksprɛs ʁeʒjɔnal], usually shortened to TER) is the brand name used by the SNCF, the French national railway company, to denote rail service run by the regional councils of France, specifically their organised transport authorities. The network serves French regions; Île-de-France (Transilien) and Corsica (CFC) have their own specific transport systems. Every day, over 800,000 passengers are carried on 5,700 TER-branded trains.

TER is part of SNCF Voyageurs, a branch of the SNCF dealing with urban and regional passenger rail, which also includes Transilien, Intercités, Chemins de fer de la Corse (CFC), Keolis, and Effia.
Makahika
Makahika is a rural locality in the Horowhenua District of the Manawatū-Whanganui region of New Zealand's North Island.  It is located in the Makahika Stream valley. The stream runs southwest from the Tararua Range to join the Ōhau River.

The Mangahao Makahika Track is a 15 km tramping track through the Tararua Range which takes 6-8 hours one-way depending on direction.

Glamping accommodation is available at Arete Village, part of the Makahika Outdoor Pursuits Centre.

Ōhau River (Manawatū-Whanganui)
The Ōhau River is in the Horowhenua District of New Zealand's North Island. It flows from the confluence of two short rivers, the North Ōhau River and the South Ōhau River. The Ōhau initially flows north, turning west to the southeast of Levin. It reaches the Tasman Sea 10 kilometres (6 mi) southwest of Levin.
Conway, Texas
Conway is an unincorporated community in Carson County, Texas, United States. According to the Handbook of Texas, the community had a population of 20 in 2000. It is located within the Amarillo metropolitan area.

Amarillo metropolitan area
The Amarillo metropolitan statistical area is a metropolitan area in the Texas Panhandle that covers five counties: Armstrong, Carson, Potter, Randall, and Oldham. As of the 2020 census, the MSA had a population of 268,691.
W. Bret Calhoun
W. Bret Calhoun (born May 12, 1964, in Dallas, Texas) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse trainer. The son of a school teacher who also owned and trained horses, he attended Texas Tech University but left before graduating.

Calhoun began his professional training career in 1993 and earned his first win on April 1, 1994. He has competed regularly at Louisiana Downs and Fair Grounds Race Course in Louisiana and in Texas at Sam Houston Race Park, Oklahoma City's Remington Park, and Lone Star Park. In Kentucky in 2008, Calhoun won the Aegon Turf Sprint Stakes at Churchill Downs and the Grade I Shakertown Stakes at Keeneland Race Course with Mr. Nightlinger.

In 2008, Bret Calhoun finished fourth in total wins for the year among all trainers in the United States. His horses won 228 races and earned $5,226,163.

Shakertown Stakes
The Shakertown Stakes is a Grade III American thoroughbred horse race for horses age three and older over a distance of 5+1⁄2 furlongs on the turf held annually in early April at Keeneland Race Course in Lexington, Kentucky during the spring meeting. The event currently carries a purse of $400,000.
Albini
Albini or de Albini (of white) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abramo Albini (born 1948), Italian Olympic rower

Alessandro Albini (1568–1646), Italian painter

Alfred Albini (1896–1978), Croatian architect

Carlo Albini (1914–1976), Italian footballer

Franco Albini (1905–1977), Italian architect and designer

Franz von Albini (1748–1816), German judge and statesman

Giuseppe Albini (admiral) (1780–1859), Italian admiral and senator

Giuseppe Albini (1827–1911), Italian physician

Giuseppe Albini (philologist) (1863–1933), Italian philologist, latinist and politician

Septimiu Albini (1861–1919), Romanian journalist and activist

Srećko Albini (1869–1933), Croatian composer, conductor, and music publisher

Steve Albini (1962–2024), American singer-songwriter and recording engineer

Umberto Albini (1895-1973), Italian Fascist politician

Walter Albini pseudonym of Gualtiero Angelo Albini (1941–1983), Italian fashion designer

Umberto Albini
Umberto Albini (26 August 1895 – 29 November 1973) was an Italian Fascist politician and civil servant, who served as State Undersecretary for the Interior of the Kingdom of Italy from February to July 1943 and as prefect in several Italian cities, including Genoa, Naples and Palermo.
Forza! Nederland
Forza! Nederland (an abbreviation of Fortuynistische Organisatie voor een Realistische Zakelijke Aanpak) is a Dutch right-wing populist political organisation active in the Netherlands. Despite the name, the party has no connection to Forza Italia.

Forza! is active in several municipalities in the Netherlands and was represented in the Provincial Council of North Holland until 2015.
Forza! is known to be as one of the successors of the former Pim Fortuyn List and very outspoken against Islam, refugees and in favor of referendums and can be considered as a local counterpart of or alternative to the Party for Freedom and JA21.

Velsen
Velsen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈvɛlzə(n)] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Netherlands, in the province of North Holland. It is located on both sides of the North Sea Canal.

On the north side of the North Sea Canal there is a major steel plant, Tata Steel IJmuiden, formerly known as Koninklijke Hoogovens (the town of IJmuiden is actually located south of the canal). The headquarters of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Redding Maatschappij is located in IJmuiden.

The Kennemerstrand beach on the south side of the canal is at the end of the Kennemerboulevard, which runs south of the Seaport Marina.

To the south is the beach of Bloemendaal aan Zee. In between is a nude beach.
Cheryl LaFleur
Cheryl LaFleur is an American attorney, executive, and government official who served as one of the 5 Commissioners of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) from 2010 to 2019.  During her tenure as a Commissioner, she served as Chairman or Acting Chairman November 25, 2013 - April 14, 2015 and again January 23, 2017 - August 10, 2017.  In September 2019, she was elected to the Board of Directors of ISO New England, beginning October 1, 2019.

Prior to joining FERC, she was the executive vice president and acting CEO of the utility company National Grid plc. She began her legal career at the law firm of Ropes & Gray.

Federal Energy Regulatory Commission
The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is an independent agency of the United States government that regulates the interstate transmission and wholesale sale of electricity and natural gas and regulates the prices of interstate transport of petroleum by pipeline. FERC also reviews proposals to build interstate natural gas pipelines, natural gas storage projects, and liquefied natural gas (LNG) terminals, in addition to licensing non-federal hydropower projects.

FERC was created in 1977 by the U.S. Congress in the aftermath of the 1973 oil crisis. FERC is an independent agency, even though it is part of the U.S. Department of Energy. It is headed by five commissioners who are nominated by the U.S. president and confirmed by the U.S. Senate. There may be no more than three commissioners of one political party serving on the commission at any given time.
Joseph-Enoil Michaud
Joseph-Enoil Michaud PC (September 26, 1888 – May 23, 1967) was a Canadian politician.

Born in Saint-Antonin, Quebec, Michaud represented Madawaska County in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1917 to 1933 as a Liberal. He served as a minister without portfolio in the province's Executive Council from 1920 to 1921 and 1923 to 1925. Michaud was also mayor of Edmundston from 1919 to 1920 and from 1932 to 1936.

He was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada representing the New Brunswick riding of Restigouche—Madawaska in a 1933 by-election. A Liberal, he was re-elected in 1935 and 1940. He held the following ministerial positions in the cabinet of Mackenzie King: Minister of Fisheries, Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada (Acting), Minister of Public Works (Acting), and Minister of Transport.

Minister of Fisheries (Canada)
The minister of fisheries (French: ministre des pêches) is the minister of the Crown responsible for the Department of Fisheries and Oceans (DFO). The minister is a member of the King's Privy Council for Canada and the Canadian Cabinet.

Joanne Thompson has been the minister of fisheries since March 14, 2025. The minister is selected by the prime minister and appointed by the Crown. The title was first used in 1930, however, the role as it exists today was established in 1979 as the minister of fisheries and oceans. From 2015 to 2025, the officeholder was known as the minister of fisheries, oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard, before it was changed to the current title in 2025.
Tulane National Biomedical Research Center
The Tulane National Biomedical Research Center (TNBRC) is a federally funded biomedical research facility affiliated with Tulane University. The TNBRC is one of seven National Primate Research Centers which conduct biomedical research on primates. The TNBRC is situated in 500 acres of land in Covington, Louisiana, and originally opened as the Delta Regional Primate Center in 1964. On October 9, 2025 the center changed its name from Tulane National Primate Research Center to Tulane National Biomedical Research Center to represent a broadened scope of research. The center uses five types of non-human primates in its research: cynomolgus macaques, African green monkeys, mangabeys, pig-tailed macaques and rhesus macaques. The TNBRC employs over three hundred people and has an estimated economic impact of $107.1 million a year.

Pig-tailed macaque
The pig-tailed macaques are two macaque sister species. They appear similar and are best distinguished by their parapatric ranges:

Northern pig-tailed macaque (Macaca leonina), inhabiting Bangladesh to Vietnam, south to northern Malaysia

Southern pig-tailed macaque (Macaca nemestrina), also called beruk, inhabiting Northern Malaysia and southern Thailand to Borneo and western Indonesia
Machairas
Machairas can refer to:

Leontios Machairas, a 15th-century Cypriot Greek historian

Machairas Monastery, a 12th-century monastery in Cyprus

Machairas Forest, a state forest and park in Cyprus

Machairas, Aetolia-Acarnania, a village in the municipal unit Astakos, western Greece

Astakos
Astakos (Greek: Αστακός, meaning "lobster") is a town and a former municipality in Aetolia-Acarnania, West Greece, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Xiromero, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 345.099 km2. It is located on a bay on the eastern shore of the Ionian Sea, near the southern end of the Acarnanian Mountains. It takes its name from the ancient Acarnanian town Astacus (Ancient Greek: Ἄστακος - Astakos), and was named Dragamesti in the Middle Ages. It is speculated to be the site of ancient Dulichium.

It is 16 km southeast of Kalamos (island), 30 km southwest of Agrinio, 35 km northwest of Missolonghi and 55 km southeast of Preveza.
Svetlana Feofanova
Svetlana Yevgenyevna Feofanova (Russian: Светлана Евгеньевна Феофанова; born 16 July 1980) is a Russian pole vaulter.

Svetlana Feofanova was born in Moscow, Soviet Union. She has studied at the Finance University under the Government of the Russian Federation. Feofanova was a gymnast in her youth but did not continue competing in the sport.

In the World Athletics Championships, she was second in 2001 and first in 2003. She also won the World Indoor Championships in 2003, and she was third in 2004. She finished fourth at the 2006 European Athletics Championships in Gothenburg, Sweden. On 4 July 2004 she pole vaulted 4.88 m (16.0 ft) in Heraklion, Greece, which was a world record at the time.

She won the silver medal in women's pole vaulting at the 2004 Summer Olympics (behind compatriot Yelena Isinbayeva). She won the 2007 European Athletics Indoor Championships gold medal for the pole vault in Birmingham, England, at 4.76 m (15.6 ft). She won the bronze in the 2008 Summer Olympics.

World record
A world record is usually the best global and most important performance that is ever recorded and officially verified in a specific skill, sport, or other kind of activity. The book Guinness World Records and other world records organizations collates and publishes notable records of many.
Ochapowace Nation
The Ochapowace Nation (Cree: ᐅᒑᐳᐍᐢ ocâpowês) is a Cree First Nation in southern Saskatchewan, Canada.

Prior to colonization, the Ochapowace controlled the land which was transferred to the Esterházy, a Hungarian noble family. The First Nation was established on September 15, 1874, as a result of the signing of Treaty 4. Surveyed in 1876, its area was bounded between he northern end of Round Lake and the Qu'Appelle River. In 1881, by request of Kakisheway – an aboriginal leader – for moving, the Nation was combined with the Chacachas. After many Ochapowace members returned to the combined group, a group of approximately 45 joined Kakisheway and became nomadic.

Esterházy
The House of Esterházy, also spelled Eszterházy (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈɛstɛrhaːzi]), is a Hungarian noble family with origins in the Middle Ages. From the 17th century, the Esterházys were the greatest landowner magnates of the Kingdom of Hungary, during the time that it was part of the Habsburg monarchy and later Austria-Hungary. During the history of the Habsburg Empire, the Esterházy family were consistently loyal to the Habsburg rulers. The Esterházys received the title of Graf (Count) in 1626, and the Forchtenstein line received the title of Fürst (Prince) from the Holy Roman Emperor in 1712. The Esterházy family’s estate is today Austria’s largest private landholding.
Kapila Vatsyayan
Kapila Vatsyayan (25 December 1928 – 16 September 2020) was a leading scholar of Indian classical dance, art, architecture, and art history. She served as a member of parliament and bureaucrat in India, and also served as the founding director of the Indira Gandhi National Centre for the Arts.

In 1970, Vatsyayan received the Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship, the highest honour conferred by the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's national academy for music, dance and drama; this was followed by the Lalit Kala Akademi Fellowship, the highest honour in the fine arts conferred by Lalit Kala Akademi, India's national academy for fine arts in 1995. In 2011, the Government of India bestowed upon her the Padma Vibhushan, India's second highest civilian honour.

Sangeet Natak Akademi
Sangeet Natak Akademi (The National Academy of Music, Dance and Drama in English), in New Delhi, is the national academy for performing arts set up by the Government of India. It is an autonomous body of the Ministry of Culture, Government of India.
Soviet space exploration history on Soviet stamps
Soviet space exploration history has been well documented on Soviet stamps. These Soviet stamps cover a broad spectrum of subjects related to the Soviet space program. While much of the focus has been placed on the nation's notable "firsts" in space flight, including: Earth orbiting satellite, Sputnik 1; first animal in space, Sputnik 2, the first human in space and Earth orbit, Yuri Gagarin on Vostok 1; first spacewalk, Alexei Leonov on Voskhod 2; woman in space, Valentina Tereshkova on Vostok 6; Moon impact, 1959, and uncrewed landing; space station; and interplanetary probe; numerous stamps have paid tribute to more general astronomical topics as well.

Vostok 1
Vostok 1 (Russian: Восток, lit. 'East'  or 'Orient') was the first spaceflight of the Vostok programme and the first human orbital spaceflight in history. The Vostok 3KA space capsule was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome on 12 April 1961, with Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin aboard, making him the first human to reach orbital velocity around the Earth and to complete a full orbit around the Earth.

The orbital spaceflight consisted of a single orbit around Earth which skimmed the upper atmosphere at 169 kilometers (105 miles; 91 nautical miles) at its lowest point. The flight took 108 minutes from launch to landing. Gagarin parachuted to the ground separately from his capsule after ejecting at 7 km (23,000 ft) altitude.
Southam College
Southam College is a coeducational secondary school and sixth form located in Southam, Warwickshire, England.

The College achieved its Specialist Technology Status in 2000, Humanities College Status in 2004 and Vocational College Status in 2006. The College has received a national award in recognition of its involvement in the Engineering Education Scheme. A February 2008 Ofsted report accorded the school a Grade 2 (good) However, since the 2011 Ofsted report the school has been Grade 1 (outstanding).

Previously a community school administered by Warwickshire County Council, in April 2017 Southam College converted to academy status. The school is now owned by the Stowe Valley Multi Academy Trust.

Warwickshire County Council
Warwickshire County Council is the county council that governs the non-metropolitan county of Warwickshire in England. Its headquarters are at Shire Hall in the centre of Warwick, the county town. The council's principal functions are county roads and rights of way, social services, education and libraries, but it also provides numerous other local government services in its area. The council has been under no overall control since the 2025 election, being run by a Reform UK minority administration.
Lancelot Phelps (priest)
Lancelot Ridley Phelps (b Sevenoaks 3 November 1853; d Oxford 16 December 1936) was  Provost of Oriel College, Oxford from 1914 to 1930.

Phelps was educated at Charterhouse and Oriel College, Oxford, where he matriculated in 1872, graduating B.A. in 1877. He was ordained as a deacon in the Church of England in 1879, but not as a priest until 1896. His career was spent as a Fellow and Tutor at Oriel. He was also an Alderman of Oxford and a member of the Royal Commission on the Poor Laws and Relief of Distress from 1905 to 1909.

Tutoring
Tutoring is private academic help, usually provided by an expert teacher; someone with deep knowledge or defined expertise in a particular subject or set of subjects.

A tutor, formally also called an academic tutor, is a person who provides assistance or tutelage to one or more people on certain subject areas or skills. The tutor spends a few hours on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis to transfer their expertise on the topic or skill to the student (also called a tutee). Tutoring can take place in different settings.
Michael Ponti
Michael Ponti (29 October 1937 – 17 October 2022) was a German-American classical pianist. He was the first to record the complete piano works by Tchaikovsky, Rachmaninoff and Scriabin. He made more than 80 recordings, around 50 of rarely played concertos from the Romantic period, often the only recording of these works at the time. He played and recorded chamber music with his Ponti-Zimansky-Polasek Trio.

Romantic music
Romantic music is a stylistic movement in Western Classical music associated with the period of the 19th century commonly referred to as the Romantic era (or Romantic period). It is closely related to the broader concept of Romanticism—the intellectual, artistic, and literary movement that became prominent in Western culture from about 1798 until 1837.

Romantic composers sought to create music that was individualistic, emotional, dramatic, and often programmatic; reflecting broader trends within the movements of Romantic literature, poetry, art, and philosophy. Romantic music was often ostensibly inspired by (or else sought to evoke) non-musical stimuli, such as nature, literature, poetry, super-natural elements, or the fine arts. It included features such as increased chromaticism and moved away from traditional forms.