hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Byrkley Lodge
Byrkley Lodge was a country house and later racing horse stud farm, located close to Burton on Trent, Staffordshire. Demolished in 1953, its former grounds are today the site of the St George's Park National Football Centre.

Stud farm
A stud farm or stud in animal husbandry is an establishment for selective breeding of livestock. The word "stud" comes from the Old English stod meaning "herd of horses, place where horses are kept for breeding". Historically, documentation of the breedings that occur on a stud farm leads to the development of a stud book.  Male animals made available for breeding to outside female animals are said to be "standing at stud", or at "stud service".

The word stud is often restricted to larger domesticated (especially farm) animals, such as cattle and horses.  A specialized vocabulary exists for the studs of other animals, such as kennel (dog), cattery (cat) and aviary (birds).
Severomuysky Tunnel
The Severomuysky Tunnel (Russian: Северому́йский тонне́ль) is a railroad tunnel on the Baikal Amur Mainline (BAM), in northwestern Buryatia, Russia. It is named after the Northern Muya Range it cuts through.  The tunnel is 15.34 kilometres (9.53 mi) long, the longest in Russia (excluding metro lines).

Buryatia
Buryatia, officially the Republic of Buryatia, is a republic of Russia located in the Russian Far East. Formerly part of the Siberian Federal District, it has been administered as part of the Far Eastern Federal District since 2018. To its north lie Irkutsk Oblast and Lake Baikal, the deepest lake in the world; Zabaykalsky Krai to the east; Tuva to the west and Mongolia to the south. Its capital is the city of Ulan-Ude. It has an area of 351,300 square kilometers (135,600 sq mi) with a population of 978,588 (2021 Census). It is home to the indigenous Buryats.
Acqui Award of History
The Acqui Award of History (Premio Acqui Storia) is an Italian prize. The prize was founded in 1968 for remembering the victims of the Acqui Military Division who died in Cefalonia (September 13–26, 1943) fighting against the Nazis.  The jury is composed of seven members: six full professors of history and a group of sixty (60) ordinary readers who have just one representative (and just one vote) in the jury. The Acqui Award Prize is divided into three sections: history, popular history, and historical novels.  A special prize entitled “Witness to the Times,” given to individual personalities known for their cultural contributions and who have distinguished themselves in describing historical events and contemporary society, may also be conferred.  Beginning in 2003 special recognition for work in multimedia and iconography--”History through Images”—was instituted.

Popular history
Popular history, also called pop history, is a broad genre of historiography that takes a popular approach, aims at a wide readership, and usually emphasizes narrative, personality and vivid detail over scholarly analysis. The term is used in contradistinction to professional academic or scholarly history writing which is usually more specialized and technical and thus less accessible to the general reader.
You & Me (The Flirts song)
"You & Me" is a 1985 single by the Flirts, a vocal trio based in New York City. The single, taken from their album "Blondes, Brunettes, and Redheads," was produced by Bobby Orlando, the creator/founder of the group, and shared co-writing credits with Clifton "Jiggs" Chase. The featured vocalists on this single were Tricia Wygal, Debra "Debbie" Gaynor, and Christina Criscione.

Clifton "Jiggs" Chase
Clifton "Jiggs" Chase (born 1940) is an American musician, composer, and influential record producer from New Jersey, United States.  One of the earliest known recordings is his organ playing on the 1967 Buddy Terry recording Natural Soul (Prestige Records), alongside Woody Shaw.
Karl Geiger
Karl Geiger (born 11 February 1993) is a German ski jumper who has competed at World Cup level since 2012. He won gold medals in both the team and mixed team competitions at the 2021 Nordic World Ski Championships and an individual gold medal at the 2021 Ski Flying World Championships. Geiger represented Germany at the 2018 and 2022 Winter Olympics. In the World Cup, he finished runner-up in the 2019–2020 and 2021–2022 seasons.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2021
The 42nd FIS Nordic World Ski Championships were held from 24 February to 7 March 2021 in Oberstdorf, Germany. It was the third time that the World Championships have been held in Oberstdorf, having previously hosted the event in 1987 and 2005.
Harlequin (software company)
Harlequin was a technology company based in Cambridge, UK and Cambridge, Massachusetts. It specialized in application software for printing, graphics, law enforcement, artificial intelligence, and in implementations of programming languages. Harlequin employees sometimes referred to themselves as "The 'Late Binding' company" and the firm eventually evolved into a think tank for advanced technologies.

After Global Graphics purchased Harlequin, they spun off the application groups for Lisp, artificial intelligence (AI), and law enforcement as Xanalys, and they spun off the Harlequin Dylan team as Functional Objects. Global Graphics acquired Harlequin mainly for the PostScript technologies, and it still continues to develop and market them under the Harlequin name.

Programming language design and implementation
Programming languages are typically created by designing a form of representation of a computer program, and writing an implementation for the developed concept, usually an interpreter or compiler. Interpreters are designed to read programs, usually in some variation of a text format, and perform actions based on what it reads, whereas compilers convert code to a lower level form, such as object code.
František Šimůnek
František Šimůnek (2 December 1910 – 17 July 1989) was a Czech Nordic skier who competed for Czechoslovakia in the 1930s. He won a silver medal in the 4 x 10 km at the 1933 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in Innsbruck.

Šimůnek was born in Zlatá Olešnice in December 1910. He finished 8th in the Nordic combined and 23rd in ski jumping at the 1932 Winter Olympics in Lake Placid. Four years later he finished 5th in both the 4 x 10 km cross-country and the Nordic combined, and 11th in the 18 km cross-country event at the 1936 Winter Olympics in Garmisch-Partenkirchen. He also competed in the 1948 Winter Olympics held in St. Moritz, and finished 36th in Nordic combined and 72nd in 18 km event.

He died in Řendějov on 17 July 1989, at the age of 78.

St. Moritz
St. Moritz is a high Alpine resort town in the Engadine in Switzerland, at an elevation of about 1,800 metres (5,910 ft) above sea level. It is Upper Engadine's major town and a municipality in the administrative region of Maloja in the Swiss canton of the Grisons.

St. Moritz lies on the southern slopes of the Albula Alps below the Piz Nair (3,056 m or 10,026 ft) overlooking the flat and wide glaciated valley of the Upper Engadine and Lake St. Moritz. It hosted the Winter Olympics in 1928 and 1948.
Mi enfermedad
"Mi enfermedad" (lit. "My Disease") is a song written by Argentine singer-songwriter Andres Calamaro, originally recorded and released as a single separately by the Argentine rock singer Fabiana Cantilo 1991 and Calamaro's Spanish-Argentine band Los Rodríguez. The song was a favourite of Diego Maradona, who was facing drug-related problems back then. Reportedly journalists asked him if it was dedicated to him. In 2019 Mexican singer Alejandra Guzmán released a version of the song as a single.

Alejandra Guzmán
Gabriela Alejandra Guzmán Pinal (born 9 February 1967) is a Mexican pop and rock singer. With more than 30 million records sold throughout her career, winner of a Latin Grammy Award, and nicknamed "La Reina de Corazones" (the Queen of Hearts) and "La Reina del Rock" (the Queen of Rock), she is one of the most successful Mexican female singers. She is also daughter of actress Silvia Pinal and singer Enrique Guzmán.
Dalforce
Dalforce, officially the Singapore Overseas Chinese Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army (星華義勇軍; Xīnghuá yìyǒngjūn) was an irregular forces/guerrilla unit within the British Straits Settlements Volunteer Force during World War II. Its members were recruited among the ethnic Chinese people of Singapore. It was created on 25 December 1941 by Lieutenant Colonel John Dalley of the Federated Malay States Police Force. The unit was known to the British colonial administration as Dalforce, after its chief instructor and commanding officer, John Dalley, whereas the Chinese in Singapore only knew it as the Singapore Overseas Chinese Anti-Japanese Volunteer Army. This formation took part in the Battle of Singapore and some members conducted a guerrilla campaign against Japanese forces during the Japanese occupation. The British noted how ferociously the Chinese volunteers in Dalforce fought, earning them the nickname Dalley's Desperadoes.

Irregular military
Irregular military is any military component distinct from a country's regular armed forces, representing non-standard militant elements outside of conventional governmental backing. Irregular elements can consist of militias, private armies, mercenaries, or other non-state actors, though no single definition exists beyond exclusion from national service.  Without standard military unit organization, various more general names are often used; such organizations may be called a troop, group, unit, column, band, or force. Irregulars are soldiers or warriors that are members of these organizations, or are members of special military units that employ irregular military tactics.  This also applies to irregular infantry and irregular cavalry units.

Irregular warfare is warfare employing the tactics commonly used by irregular military organizations. This often overlaps with asymmetrical warfare, avoiding large-scale combat and focusing on small, stealthy, hit-and-run engagements.
Betsy Rosenberg
Betsy Rosenberg (born August 1955) is an American broadcast journalist specializing in environmental media. She was a CBS Radio News anchor in New York City from April 1988 to mid-1991. In 1997, she launched the "Trash Talk" Eco Series on KCBS in San Francisco, timed with Earth Day events. She later hosted EcoTalk on Air America Radio, which aired weeknights from 9:00 to 10:00 PM Eastern Time until its final broadcast on May 19, 2007. Rosenberg has been a guest and commentator on television and radio beyond her shows: appearing on outlets such as Fox’s Sean Hannity Show.

She founded an advocacy campaign, Don’t Be Fueled! – Mothers for Clean and Safe Vehicles, launched in 2002, aimed at promoting fuel efficiency and cleaner vehicle options. Rosenberg also hosted The Green Front on Progressive Radio Network, an internet radio station focused on environmental issues. She was a co-founder and lead interviewer at Green TV, where she contributed to developing its website.

Broadcast journalism
Broadcast journalism is the field of news and journals which are broadcast by electronic methods instead of the older methods, such as printed newspapers and posters. It works on radio (via air, cable, and Internet), television (via air, cable, and Internet) and the World Wide Web. Such media disperse pictures (static and moving), visual text and sounds.
Borowski v Canada (AG)
Borowski v Canada (AG), [1989] 1 S.C.R. 342 is the leading Supreme Court of Canada decision on mootness of an appealed legal issue.  The Court declined to decide whether the fetus had a right to life under sections 7 and 15 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.  Had they found in favour of Borowski, laws against abortion in Canada would have to have been again enacted.  Thus, along with the later Supreme Court case Tremblay v Daigle (1989), Borowski "closed off litigation opportunities" by anti-abortion activists.

Fetus
A fetus or foetus (/ˈfiːtəs/; pl.: fetuses, foetuses, rarely feti or foeti) is the unborn offspring of a viviparous animal that develops from an embryo. Following the embryonic stage, the fetal stage of development takes place. Prenatal development is a continuum, with no clear defining feature distinguishing an embryo from a fetus. However, in general a fetus is characterized by the presence of all the major body organs, though they will not yet be fully developed and functional, and some may not yet be situated in their final anatomical location.

In human prenatal development, fetal development begins from the ninth week after fertilization (which is the eleventh week of gestational age) and continues until the birth of a newborn.
Aksenovo, Gus-Khrustalny District, Vladimir Oblast
Aksenovo (Russian: Аксёново) is a rural locality (a village) in Krasnooktyabrskoye Rural Settlement, Gus-Khrustalny District, Vladimir Oblast, Russia. The population was 401 (2021 Census), 443 as of 2010. There are 4 streets.

Vladimir Oblast
Vladimir Oblast (Russian: Влади́мирская о́бласть, romanized: Vladimirskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Vladimir, which is located 190 kilometers (120 mi) east of Moscow. As of the 2010 Census, the oblast's population was 1,443,693.

The UNESCO World Heritage List includes the 12th-century cathedrals of Vladimir, Suzdal, Bogolyubovo, and Kideksha.
Green Line (Tel Aviv Light Rail)
The Green Line is the second section of a light rail system in the Tel Aviv metropolitan area, known as the Tel Aviv Light Rail, which is under construction. The line will run from Rishon LeZion northwards through Holon through central Tel Aviv and will split into two branches: One to Herzliya in the north, and one to Ramat HaHayal neighborhood in Tel Aviv in the northeast. The expected annual passenger forecast is 65 million.

NTA Metropolitan Mass Transit System Limited is including the design and boring of the Green Line's tunnels as part of Red Line's tunnels overall contract so that work on the Green Line's underground portion can commence immediately following the completion of the Red Line tunnels.

Herzliya
Herzliya (/hɜːrtsˈliːjə/ hurts-LEE-yə; Hebrew: הרצליה, pronounced [heʁts(e)liˈja] / [eʁtseˈlija]) is an affluent city in the central coast of Israel, at the northern part of the Tel Aviv District, known for its robust start‑up and entrepreneurial culture. In 2023, it had a population of 108,650.

Named after Theodor Herzl, the founder of modern Zionism, Herzliya covers an area of 21.6 km2 (8.3 sq mi). Its western, beachfront area is called Herzliya Pituah and is one of Israel's most affluent neighborhoods and home to numerous embassies, ambassadors' residences, company headquarters, and houses of prominent Israeli business people.
Kaipātiki Local Board
The Kaipātiki Local Board is one of the 21 local boards of Auckland Council, and is one of the two boards overseen by the council's North Shore Ward councillors. It covers Glenfield south to Northcote Point. Its eastern border is the Northern Motorway and its western border is the Waitematā Harbour. The board sits within the Glenfield Library building on Bentley Ave, Glenfield. AUT's Akoranga Campus is the only tertiary institution in the North Shore ward, and it is in the Kaipātiki board area.

Auckland Northern Motorway
The Auckland Northern Motorway (known locally as the Northern Motorway, and historically as the Auckland–Warkworth Motorway) in the Auckland Region of New Zealand  links Central Auckland and Warkworth in the former Rodney District via the Hibiscus Coast and North Shore. It is part of State Highway 1.

It is 58 kilometres (36 mi) in length, with 17 junctions. Until the end of the 1980s, it was largely associated with the Auckland Harbour Bridge as a connection between central Auckland and the North Shore, but since 1994 it has been extended to Warkworth to become the primary route between the Auckland urban area, the Hibiscus Coast satellite towns, the northern Rodney district, and Northland. Between the 1959 opening of the motorway and 1984, tolls were collected on the Auckland Harbour Bridge, and since 2009 tolls have been collected on the Northern Gateway Toll Road.

In 2019, 170,000 vehicles per day were crossing the Harbour Bridge section of the motorway.
Kay Everett
Kay Everett (1941 – 2004) was a member of Detroit City Council from 1991 to 2004.  Everett was a graduate of Cass Technical High School, and Wayne State University.  She was on the Detroit Board of Education prior to becoming a Detroit City Council member.  Prior to that she was an English teacher for Detroit Public Schools.

Everett was a native Detroiter who grew up on the east side of the city.

Cass Technical High School
Lewis Cass Technical High School (simply referred to as Cass Tech) is a four-year public magnet high school in Midtown Detroit, Michigan, United States. It was established in 1907 and is part of the Detroit Public Schools Community District. It is named after army officer, politician, and slavery advocate Lewis Cass.

Until 1977, Cass was Detroit's only magnet school and the only non-neighborhood enrollment school in Detroit. It remains one of few magnet schools in Detroit. Entrance is based on test scores and middle school grades. Students are required to choose a curriculum path—roughly equivalent to a college "major" —in the ninth grade. Areas of study include among others arts and communication, business management and marketing, engineering and manufacturing, human services, and science and arts.
John Williams (actor)
Hugh Ernest Leo Williams (15 April 1903 – 5 May 1983), known professionally as John Williams, was an English stage, film and television actor. He is remembered for his role as Chief Inspector Hubbard in Alfred Hitchcock's Dial M for Murder, as the chauffeur in Billy Wilder's Sabrina (both 1954), as Mr. Brogan-Moore in Witness for the Prosecution (1957) and as the second "Mr. French" on TV's Family Affair in its first season (1967).

Night Gallery
Night Gallery is an American anthology television series that aired on NBC from December 16, 1970, to May 27, 1973, featuring stories of horror and the macabre. Rod Serling, who had gained fame from an earlier series, The Twilight Zone, served both as the on-air host of Night Gallery and as a major contributor of scripts, although he did not have the same control of content and tone as he had on The Twilight Zone. Serling viewed Night Gallery as a logical extension of The Twilight Zone, but while both series shared an interest in thought-provoking dark fantasy, more of Zone's offerings were science fiction while Night Gallery focused on horrors of the supernatural.
Lejeloven
Lejeloven, formally Lov om leje, is a Danish law which governs rentals of residential tenancies in private rented accommodation, including single-family homes, condominiums, so-called mixed properties and club premises. The law therefore does not apply to public housing or to commercial leases.

The law is intended to protect the tenant, by, among other provisions, limiting how much a landlord may ask in rent; in addition, the rent must be proportionate to the value of the premises. The law also states that a maximum of three months' rent may be required as a deposit, and that there is to be a separate accounting for heating, and finally the law sets out the rules which apply with respect to maintenance and expenditures incurred in connection with improvements.

The Act is subject to periodic review and was last revised on 1 July 2015.

Public rental housing is governed by the so-called M ordningen, for miksordningen or mellemtingsordningen (mixed or temporary system).

Single-family detached home
A single-family detached home – also called a single-detached dwelling, single-family residence (SFR), separate house, or other similar terms – is a free-standing residential building. It is defined in opposition to a multi-family residential dwelling.
Sclerophrys steindachneri
Sclerophrys steindachneri is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae.
It is found in Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, moist savanna, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, subtropical or tropical seasonally wet or flooded lowland grassland, swamps, freshwater marshes, intermittent freshwater marshes, plantations, rural gardens, urban areas, ponds, and canals and ditches.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

Toad
Toad (also known as a hoptoad) is a common name for certain frogs, especially of the family Bufonidae, that are characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and large bumps covering the parotoid glands.

In popular culture (folk taxonomy), toads are distinguished from frogs by their drier, rougher skin and association with more terrestrial habitats. However, this distinction does not align precisely with scientific taxonomy.
Glenea vaga
Glenea vaga is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by James Thomson in 1865. It is known from Myanmar, Laos, Thailand and Malaysia. It contains the varietas Glenea vaga var. flavocolorata.

James Thomson (entomologist)
James Livingston Thomson (March 15, 1828 –  December 9, 1897) was an American entomologist who studied Coleoptera independently and mostly lived in France. A member of the Société entomologique de France, his collections of Cerambycidae, Buprestidae, Cetoniinae and Lucanidae were eventually sold to René Oberthür.
Bore (engine)
In a piston engine, the bore (or cylinder bore) is the diameter of each cylinder.

Engine displacement is calculated based on bore, stroke length and the number of cylinders:

displacement = π (⁠1/2⁠ × bore)2 × stroke × ncylinders

The stroke ratio, determined by dividing the bore by the stroke, traditionally indicated whether an engine was designed for power at high engine speeds (rpm) or torque at lower engine speeds. The term "bore" can also be applied to the bore of a locomotive cylinder or steam engine pistons.

Torque
In physics and mechanics, torque is the rotational correspondent of linear force. It is also referred to as the moment of force, or simply the moment. Just as a linear force is a push or a pull applied to a body, a torque can be thought of as a twist applied to an object with respect to a chosen axis. For example, driving a screw uses torque to force it into an object. The torque is applied by the screwdriver, rotating around its axis, to the drive on the head of the screw.

Torque is generally referred to using different vocabulary depending on geographical location and field of study, with torque generally being associated with physics and moment being associated with engineering. This article follows the definition used in US physics in its usage of the word torque.

Torque is typically represented mathematically using  the lowercase Greek letter tau (). When being referred to as moment of force, it is commonly denoted by M.
Lisa Lu
Lisa Lu Yan (born Lu Pingxiang; January 19, 1927) is a Chinese-American actress. She has worked extensively in Hong Kong, American, and mainland Chinese film and television since her debut in 1958. She won the Golden Horse Awards three times, twice for Best Leading Actress and once for Best Supporting Actress, in the 1970s. She is the only person who is a member of both the Hollywood Foreign Press Association and the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.

On May 5, 2025, Lu became the oldest person to be honored with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.

Hollywood Foreign Press Association
The Hollywood Foreign Press Association (HFPA) was a nonprofit organization of journalists and photographers who reported on the American entertainment industry for predominantly foreign media markets. It is best known for founding and conducting the annual Golden Globe Awards ceremony in Los Angeles, California, which honors notable achievements in film and television, from its inception in 1943 until 2023. The HFPA consisted of about 105 members from approximately 55 countries with a combined following of more than 250 million.

HFPA was rebranded to the Golden Globe Foundation on June 12, 2023.