hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ram Jaipal College
Ram Jaipal College is a Post Graduate, NAAC Accrediated College in Chhapra, Saran, Bihar, India. It is a constituent unit of Jai Prakash University. The college offers intermediate, three years degree course (TDC) in arts and science and PG Degree in four subjects namely Physics, Zoology, Political Science and History. It also has NCC and NSS wings.

National Service Scheme
The National Service Scheme (NSS) is an Indian government sector public service program conducted by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports of the Government of India aimed at developing the personality and civic responsibility of student volunteers through community service. With the motto "Not Me But You," it engages millions of students in higher education institutions and senior secondary schools across the country in regular and special camping activities focused on education, health, environment, disaster relief, and social welfare. Launched as a pilot in 1969 across 37 universities with 40,000 volunteers, NSS has grown to encompass over 39,000 units and approximately 3.6 to 4.3 million active volunteers in recent years, with more than 47.8 million students having participated since inception.
1503 in Italy
An incomplete list of events which happened in Italy in 1503:

Battle of Ruvo

The Battle of Ruvo was fought on 23 February 1503 between a Spanish army under Gonzalo Fernández de Córdoba and Diego de Mendoza and a French army commanded by Jacques de la Palice. The battle was part of the Second Italian War and was fought at the town of Ruvo in the Province of Bari, modern-day Italy. The result was a Spanish victory.

Battle of Cerignola

Battle of Garigliano (1503)

Challenge of Barletta

The Challenge of Barletta (Italian: Disfida di Barletta) was a battle fought near Barletta, southern Italy, on February 13, 1503, on the plains between Corato and Andria.

Jacques de La Palice
Jacques de La Palice (or de La Palisse) (1470 – 24 February 1525) was a French nobleman and military officer. He was the lord of Chabannes, La Palice, Pacy, Chauverothe, Bort-le-Comte and Héron. In 1511, he received the title of Grand Master of France.

As a Marshal under Francis I, he fought against Habsburg armies, and died during the battle of Pavia.
Robyn and Gandeleyn
Robyn and Gandeleyn is an English ballad.  The poem is in Sloane Manuscript 2593, a document of lyrics and carols which dates from around 1450.  It was first printed by Joseph Ritson in his 1790 collection Ancient Songs.  It was later republished in the second half of the 19th century in an anthology of traditional English and Scottish ballads by Francis James Child known as the Child Ballads, where it is Child Ballad 115. Child also divided the continuous text into seventeen stanzas.

The ballad has attracted interest from scholars of Robin Hood due to the similarity of Robyn's name and the involvement of both precise archery and a dangerous forest as motifs.  Despite this similarity, Child and other scholars generally believe that the ballad is not directly connected to Robin Hood's legend.  If it really is a reference to Robin Hood, it would be one of the earliest attested stories, along with Robin Hood and the Monk.

Francis James Child
Francis James Child (February 1, 1825 – September 11, 1896) was an American scholar, educator, and folklorist, best known today for his collection of English and Scottish ballads now known as the Child Ballads. Child was Boylston professor of rhetoric and oratory at Harvard University, where he produced influential editions of English poetry. In 1876 he was named Harvard's first Professor of English, a position which allowed him to focus on academic research. It was during this time that he began work on the Child Ballads.

The Child Ballads were published in five volumes between 1882 and 1898. While Child was primarily a literary scholar with little interest in the music of the ballads, his work became a major contribution to the study of English-language folk music.
Leona Alleslev
Leona Alleslev-Krofchak (born March 16, 1968) is a Canadian politician and former military officer who served as the member of Parliament (MP) for Aurora—Oak Ridges—Richmond Hill. She was elected as a Liberal in the 2015 federal election, and crossed the floor to join the Conservative Party in 2018, citing disagreements with the Liberal government over their handling of economic and foreign affairs. On October 21, 2019, she was re-elected as a Conservative. Alleslev was defeated in the 2021 federal election.

Alleslev was a candidate in the 2022 Conservative leadership election. On December 15, 2024, Alleslev announced that she would be seeking the nomination for the federal Conservative Party candidate in the riding of Kingston and the Islands, but on January 26, 2025, she announced that she was ending that bid.

Crossing the floor
In some parliamentary systems (e.g., in Canada and the United Kingdom), politicians are said to cross the floor if they formally change their political affiliation to a political party different from the one they were initially elected under. In Australia, this term simply refers to Members of Parliament (MPs) who dissent from the party line and vote against the express instructions of the party whip while retaining membership in their political party.

Voting against party lines may lead to consequences such as losing a position (e.g., as minister or a portfolio critic) or being ejected from the party caucus. While these practices are legally permissible in most countries, crossing the floor can lead to controversy and media attention. Some countries like Malaysia, Pakistan, India, Indonesia, the Maldives and Bangladesh have laws that remove a member from parliament due to floor-crossing.
KPTR (AM)
KPTR (1090 kHz) is a commercial AM radio station in Seattle, Washington. It airs a conservative talk format and is owned by iHeartMedia. The studios and offices are in the Belltown neighborhood northwest of Downtown Seattle.

KPTR is powered at 50,000 watts, the maximum for AM stations in the U.S., and is a Class B station. Because AM 1090 is a clear-channel frequency reserved for Class A stations WBAL in Baltimore and XEPRS in Rosarito-Tijuana, KPTR must use a directional antenna at all times to avoid interference. The transmitter is off Dockton Road SW on Vashon Island. KPTR also airs on the HD3 sub-channel of co-owned KJAQ.

XEPRS-AM
XEPRS (1090 kHz) is an AM commercial radio station licensed to Playas de Rosarito, a suburb of Tijuana in Baja California, Mexico. It broadcasts a Spanish Christian radio format. The station can be heard across the San Diego-Tijuana, Los Angeles-Orange County, Riverside-San Bernardino and areas of Southern California.

XEPRS is a Class A, 50,000-watt clear-channel station using a non-directional antenna in the daytime. Because it must protect other Class A stations on 1090 AM, it uses a three-tower array directional antenna at night.  The transmitter is just off Mexican Federal Highway 1D in Fraccionamiento Rancho del Mar.  The daytime signal can be heard over much of coastal Southern California and parts of Baja California. At night, the skywave signal extends over much of the West Coast of the United States and Northwestern Mexico.
William McCourt
William Joseph McCourt (1 March 1851 – 22 June 1913) was an Irish-born Australian politician.

He was born in County Monaghan to shoemaker James McCourt and Bridget Smith. He arrived in New South Wales with his parents in 1852 and attended Wollongong]] Public School. He was apprenticed to a printer after leaving school, and was also a successful land speculator. In 1882 he married Emily Elizabeth, with whom he had six children.

He was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in 1882 as the member for Camden. He lost his seat in 1885 but was re-elected in 1887. A free trader, he transferred to Bowral in 1894 and to Wollondilly in 1904. By this time a member of the Liberal Reform Party, he was elected Speaker in 1900, serving until the election of a Labor government in 1910. McCourt held his seat until his death at Berrima in 1913.

County Monaghan
County Monaghan (/ˈmɒnəhən/ MON-ə-hən; Irish: Contae Mhuineacháin) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Ulster and is part of Border strategic planning area of the Northern and Western Region. It is named after the town of Monaghan. Monaghan County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 65,288, according to the 2022 census.

The county has existed since 1585 when the Mac Mathghamhna rulers of Airgíalla agreed to join the Kingdom of Ireland. Following the 20th-century Irish War of Independence and the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, Monaghan was one of three Ulster counties to join the Irish Free State rather than Northern Ireland.
Charles E. Roemer II
Charles Elson Roemer II, also known as Charlie Roemer or Budgie Roemer (December 11, 1923 – July 7, 2012), was a farmer and businessman from Bossier City in northwestern Louisiana, who served as the commissioner of administration from 1972 to 1980 in the first two terms of Governor Edwin Washington Edwards. He was the father of Charles Elson "Buddy" Roemer III, who served as governor from 1988 to 1992, between the third and fourth Edwards terms.

Mail and wire fraud
Mail fraud and wire fraud are terms used in the United States to describe the use of a physical (e.g., the U.S. Postal Service) or electronic (e.g., a phone, a telegram, a fax, or the Internet) mail system to defraud another, and are U.S. federal crimes. Jurisdiction is claimed by the federal government if the illegal activity crosses interstate or international borders.
Massachusetts Senate's Norfolk, Worcester and Middlesex district
Massachusetts Senate's Norfolk, Worcester and Middlesex district, formerly Massachusetts Senate's Norfolk, Bristol and Middlesex district, in the United States is one of 40 legislative districts of the Massachusetts Senate. Prior to redistricting that took effect with the 2022 elections, the district covered 8.6% of Bristol County, 2.0% of Middlesex County, and 12.4% of Norfolk County population. Democrat Becca Rausch of Needham has represented the district since 2019.

Norfolk County, Massachusetts
Norfolk County (/ˈnɔːrfək/ NOR-fək) is located in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. At the 2020 census, the population was around 725,981. Its county seat is Dedham. The county was named after the English county of the same name. Two towns, Cohasset and Brookline, are exclaves. Norfolk County is included in the Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH Metropolitan Statistical Area. Norfolk County is the 24th highest-income county in the United States with a median household income of $107,361. It is the wealthiest county in Massachusetts.
San Marino (river)
The San Marino (Italian: Rio San Marino) is a river in the Italian peninsula. It flows through San Marino (Chiesanuova and Acquaviva), then north into Italy. For some of its length it forms part of the border between the two countries. It flows into the Marecchia at Torello, part of the commune of San Leo (Province of Rimini).

Chiesanuova
Chiesanuova (Romagnol: Cisanòva; lit. 'New church') is one of the nine castelli of San Marino. It has a population of 1,191 inhabitants (January 2025) in an area of 5.46 km2. The castello is governed by a Captain and a seven-member Junta, with Marino Rosti serving as Captain since 2020. Formerly known as Pennarossa until the administrative reforms of 1943–1944, Chiesanuova borders two San Marinese municipalities and three Italian communes, and is divided into seven curazie (parishes).
CP Class 3100
The Série 3100 were a class of three-carriage electric multiple unit trains used by Portuguese Railways (CP) on the line between Cascais, Estoril and Cais do Sodre station in Lisbon, Portugal. The line is electrified at 1,500 V DC - unique in Portugal (where the railways are mostly electrified at 25 kV 50 Hz).

The units were built by Cravens of Sheffield in 1950, but extensively modernised along its history adding components such as: Multiple Train Operation, and removing the buffers that these units had originally. They were retired in the early 2000s, and a couple of them were preserved by the "Museo Nacional Ferroviario", but because of its deterioration, the public entity decided to scrap the two remaining units.

Estoril
Estoril (Portuguese pronunciation: [ɨʃtuˈɾil]) is a town in the civil parish of Cascais e Estoril of the Portuguese Municipality of Cascais, on the Portuguese Riviera.  It is a popular tourist destination known for its hotels, beaches, and the Casino Estoril, and has historically been home to numerous royal families and celebrities. The town has also hosted high-profile events, including the Estoril Open and the Lisbon & Estoril Film Festival.

Estoril is considered one of the most expensive places to live in Portugal and the Iberian Peninsula. It is home to a sizable foreign community and known for its luxury restaurants, hotels, and entertainment. Cascais is consistently ranked for its high quality of living, making it one of the most livable places in Portugal.
Norwegian Food Safety Authority
Norwegian Food Safety Authority (Norwegian: Mattilsynet) is a Norwegian government agency responsible for safe food and drinking water, and works within the fields of human, plant, fish and animal health as well as environmentally friendly production and ethically acceptable farming of animals and fish . Other duties are related to cosmetics, medicines and inspection of animal health personnel.

Main offices are located in Oslo while there are 63 district and eight regional offices. There are also three national competence centers: fish and seafood in Bergen, plants and vegetarian foods in Ås, and animals and carnivore food in Sandnes. The agency was created in 2003 when four government agencies (the States Food Authority, the Fisheries Directories Seafood Control, the States Animal Authority and the Norwegian Agricultural Inspection Service) were merged with 69 municipal food authorities.

Vegetarian cuisine
Vegetarian cuisine, also known as plant-based cuisine, is a style of cooking defined by the inclusion of grains, legumes, nuts, vegetables, fruits, dairy, and sometimes eggs, and by the exclusion of meat and animal tissue products (such as gelatin or animal-derived rennet). Vegetarian cuisine meets vegetarian standards. Vegetarian cuisine differs from vegan cuisine, which excludes all animal products including dairy and eggs.
Mikado cake
Mikado cake (Armenian: Միկադո տորթ), also known as Mikado, is an Armenian layered cake invented in the Armenian SSR and made with boiled condensed milk or dulce de leche buttercream, sour cream and topped with grated chocolate.

Condensed milk
Condensed milk is cow's milk from which water has been removed (roughly 60% of it). It is most often found with sugar added, in the form of sweetened condensed milk, to the extent that the terms "condensed milk" and "sweetened condensed milk" are often used interchangeably today. Sweetened condensed milk is a very thick, sweet product, which when canned can last for years without refrigeration if not opened. The product is used in numerous dessert dishes in many countries.

A related product is evaporated milk, which has undergone a lengthier preservation process because it is not sweetened.
The Singing Nun
Jeanne-Paule Marie "Jeannine" Deckers (17 October 1933 – 29 March 1985), better known as Sœur Sourire (French for 'Sister Smile') and often called The Singing Nun in English-speaking countries, was a Belgian Catholic singer-songwriter and former member of the Dominican Order as Sister Luc Gabriel. In 1963, she acquired widespread fame with the release of the Belgian French song "Dominique", which topped the US Billboard Hot 100 and other charts, along with her debut album.

Owing partially to confusion over the terms of the recording contract, she was eventually reduced to poverty and also experienced a crisis of faith, leaving the order, though still remaining a Catholic. She died by suicide in 1985 with her life partner, Annie Pécher.

Catholic Church in Belgium
The Belgian Catholic Church, also known as the Catholic Church in Belgium, is part of the global Catholic Church and is under the spiritual leadership of the Pope, the curia in Rome and the Episcopal Conference of Bishops.
Main Operational Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces
The Main Operational Directorate of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces (Russian: Главное оперативное управление Генерального штаба Вооружённых сил Российской Федерации; official abbreviation GOU GSh VS RF Russian: ГОУ ГШ ВС РФ) is the main body of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces, whose tasks include planning military operations at various levels. Its role in the system of combat command and control of the Armed Forces is traditionally so great that it is often people from the GOU who occupy the post of Chief of the General Staff, as was the case, in particular, with Generals Anatoly Kvashnin and Yuri Baluyevsky.

Anatoly Kvashnin
Anatoly Vasilyevich Kvashnin (Russian: Анатолий Васильевич Квашнин; 15 August 1946 – 7 January 2022) was a Russian general of the army who served as the Chief of the General Staff of Russian Armed Forces from 1997 to 2004, when he was dismissed by President Vladimir Putin. In the period from 2004 to 2010, he was the Plenipotentiary Envoy of the President of Russia to the Siberian Federal District.
Terry Haskins
Terry Edward Haskins (January 31, 1955 – October 24, 2000) was a South Carolina Republican politician who served as the Speaker pro-tempore of the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1995 until his death five years later.

South Carolina House of Representatives
The South Carolina House of Representatives is the lower house of the South Carolina General Assembly. It consists of 124 representatives elected to two-year terms at the same time as U.S. congressional elections.

Unlike many legislatures, seating on the floor is not divided by party, but is arranged by county delegation – a legacy of the original apportionment of the chamber. Until 1964, each of South Carolina's counties was a legislative district, with the number of representatives determined by the county's population. It meets from the second week of January into May.
Contour integration
In the mathematical field of complex analysis, contour integration is a method of evaluating certain integrals along paths in the complex plane.

Contour integration is closely related to the calculus of residues, a method of complex analysis.

One use for contour integrals is the evaluation of integrals along the real line that are not readily found by using only real variable methods. It also has various applications in physics.

Contour integration methods include:

direct integration of a complex-valued function along a curve in the complex plane

application of the Cauchy integral formula

application of the residue theorem

One method can be used, or a combination of these methods, or various limiting processes, for the purpose of finding these integrals or sums.

Riemann integral
In the branch of mathematics known as real analysis, the Riemann integral, created by Bernhard Riemann, was the first rigorous definition of the integral of a function on an interval.  It was presented to the faculty at the University of Göttingen in 1854, but not published in a journal until 1868. For many functions and practical applications, the Riemann integral can be evaluated by the fundamental theorem of calculus or approximated by numerical integration, or simulated using Monte Carlo integration.
Poprad District
Poprad District (okres Poprad) is a district in
the Prešov Region of eastern Slovakia. The district had been established in 1923 and from 1996 exists in its current borders. It consists of 29 municipalities, from which three have a town status. Its seat, cultural and economic center is Poprad, the largest city. Main economic branches are industry and tourism. In Poprad district is located mountain range High Tatras, top tourist attraction in Slovakia.

Districts of Slovakia
The districts of Slovakia are administrative units known as okres in the Slovak language. It is a second-tier territorial administrative unit, below a Region (kraje) in standing, and superior to a municipality (obec). Each district contains at least several municipalities.

The cities of Bratislava and Košice are the only cities in Slovakia divided into internal urban districts, with five in Bratislava, and four in Košice. These urban districts are then further divided into smaller boroughs (which serve a function analogous to municipalities in typical districts).

All other districts are larger in size and also include rural areas, and rural as well as urban municipalities. Each of these more typical districts has an urban centre serving as the seat of the district, usually the largest town (or the only town) of a given district. Rural municipalities are not legally allowed to become district seats.
La'Myia Good
La'Myia Janae Good–Bellinger is an American singer and actress. Good is best known for her voice work in the blockbuster PlayStation 3 game Killzone 3 as the voice of Jammer and her work with R&B group Isyss. Good has appeared in numerous television shows such as Tall Hopes, Sister, Sister, The Parent 'Hood, Smart Guy, ER, The Parkers and Judging Amy. She has also appeared in films such as The Wood.

Smart Guy
Smart Guy is an American sitcom television series centering on the exploits of child prodigy T.J. Henderson (Tahj Mowry), who moves from being an elementary school student in the fourth grade to a high school student in the tenth grade, attending the same school as his two elder siblings Yvette and Marcus. Created by Danny Kallis, the series ran for three seasons and 51 episodes on The WB from April 2, 1997, to May 16, 1999. The series was produced by de Passe Entertainment and Danny Kallis Productions, in association with Walt Disney Television. In an interview in September 2020, Mowry confirmed that a revival of the show was in the works.
Nights of Terror (1921 film)
Nights of Terror (German: Grausige Nächte) is a 1921 German silent horror film directed by Lupu Pick and starring Edith Posca, Alfred Abel and Arnold Korff.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Robert A. Dietrich.

Lupu Pick
Lupu Pick (2 January 1886 – 7 March 1931) was a Romanian-German actor, film director, producer, and screenwriter of the silent era. He appeared in 50 films between 1910 and 1928.

Born in Romania, Pick's father was a Jewish Austrian, and his mother of Romanian origin. He began as a stage actor in Hamburg, Flensburg and Berlin before 1910. In 1917 he founded the film company Rex-Film AG.

He served on the board of the Film Association of Industrialists (Vorstand des Verbandes der Filmindustriellen), SPIO and the Film Directors Association of Germany (Verbandes der Filmregisseure Deutschlands) and worked intensively to establish the union-based umbrella organization of Filmmakers in Germany (Filmschaffenden Deutschlands) (Dacho). He was the organization's first chairman.

Pick was married to actress Edith Posca.