hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alabama Railroad
The Alabama Railroad (reporting mark ALAB) was a class III railroad as reported by the Association of American Railroads. The ALAB was owned and operated by Alabama Railroad LLC. The railroad operated 48 miles (77 km) of railroad from Flomaton, Alabama, to Peterman, Alabama.

On April 18, 2019, the railroad filed to abandon its entire line. In 2020, the line was purchased intact by Alabama Railroad LLC who filed on July 6, 2022, to abandon the entire line.

Association of American Railroads
The Association of American Railroads (AAR) is an industry trade group representing primarily the major freight railroads of North America (Canada, Mexico and the United States). Amtrak and some regional commuter railroads are also members. Smaller freight railroads are typically represented by the American Short Line and Regional Railroad Association (ASLRRA), although some smaller railroads and railroad holding companies are also members of the AAR. The AAR also has two associate programs, and most associates are suppliers to the railroad industry.
Ptc1
Ptc1 is a type Two C phosphatase involved in the mating decision of yeast. Ptc1 competes with Fus3 for control of the 4 phosphorylation sites on the scaffold protein Ste5. Presence of the mating pheromone α-factor causes Ptc1 to be recruited to Ste5. This recruitment takes place via a 4 amino acid motif in the Ste5 phosphosites.

Ptc1 is also involved in regulating the osmotic stress of yeast, especially via inactivation of Hog1, a member of the MAPK pathway. This inactivation occurred as a result of dephosphorylation of the phosphotheronine but not the phosphotyrosine residue in the phosphorylation lip of Hog1.

It can be localized to the cytoplasm and nucleus.

Scaffold protein
In biology, scaffold proteins are crucial regulators of many key signalling pathways.  Although scaffolds are not strictly defined in function, they are known to interact and/or bind with multiple members of a signalling pathway, tethering them into complexes.  In such pathways, they regulate signal transduction and help localize pathway components (organized in complexes) to specific areas of the cell such as the plasma membrane, the cytoplasm, the nucleus, the Golgi, endosomes, and the mitochondria.
Bari Imam
Peer Syed Abdul Latif Kazmi Qadiri, often referred to as Bari Imam or Bari Sarkar (1617 – 1705), was a 17th-century Punjabi Muslim Sufi ascetic. He is venerated as the patron saint of Islamabad, Pakistan. Born in Karsal, Chakwal District, he is one of the most prominent Sufis of the Qadiriyya order of the Islamic mysticism Today, he is widely visited by Sunni Muslims who venerate saints, especially those in Pakistan and South Asia.

The life of Bari Imam is known essentially through oral tradition and hagiographical booklets and celebrated in Qawwali songs of Indian and Pakistani Sufism.

Chakwal District
Chakwal District (Urdu: ضلع چکوال) is a district located on the Pothohar Plateau in Punjab, Pakistan. It is located in the northwestern area of the Punjab province, bordered by Talagang to its west, Rawalpindi to its northeast, Jhelum to its east. The district was created out of parts of Jhelum and Attock in 1985.
Film, Film, Film
Film, Film, Film (Russian: Фильм, фильм, фильм) is a 1968 Soviet satirical animated short film directed by Fyodor Khitruk.

Made as a parody of the Soviet movie industry, this nearly-silent pantomime tells a story of a film crew that faces various problems during the filmmaking process, from writing a screenplay, to pre-production (which includes dealing with bureaucratic officials), to the actual shooting of the movie.

Pre-production
Pre-production is the process of planning some of the elements involved in a film, television show, play, video game, or other performance, as distinct from production and post-production. Pre-production ends when the planning ends and the content starts being produced.
David Regis
David Regis (French: Régis, born December 2, 1968) is a retired professional soccer player and coach who played as a defender. He was most recently the assistant coach of US Mondorf-les-Bains. Born in Martinique, he played for the United States at the 1998 and 2002 World Cups.

US Mondorf-les-Bains
US Mondorf-Les-Bains is a football club, based in Mondorf-les-Bains, in south-eastern Luxembourg. The club fields teams from age groups 5-21 along with a senior team, containing 431 total members, making US Mondorf-Les-Bains the largest sports club in the municipality.
Genoplesium parvicallum
Genoplesium parvicallum, commonly known as the mountain-top midge-orchid, is a species of orchid which is endemic to Queensland. It is a small orchid with up to twenty five greenish flowers with purplish brown marking and is only known from mountaintops in the McPherson Range. It is treated as Corunastylis parvicalla in Queensland.

McPherson Range
The McPherson Range is an extensive mountain range, a spur of the Great Dividing Range, heading in an easterly direction from near Wallangarra to the Pacific Ocean coastline. It forms part of the Scenic Rim on the border between the states of New South Wales and Queensland. Further west of the McPherson Range is the Main Range. Towards the coast the range continues into the Border Ranges and other mountainous terrain formed by the Tweed Volcano.

The Australian electoral Division of McPherson was named after the mountain range.
Norman Brigade
The Norman Brigade (Ukrainian: Норманська бригада, romanized: Normans'ka Bryhada) was a foreign unit composed of foreign volunteers that was formed in early 2022. The unit is formed by veterans and volunteers from Sweden, Denmark, Poland, Germany, Spain, France, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Portugal, Italy, Jordan, Egypt and Norway, in addition to the United States, Canada, and Great Britain.

The name of the group alludes to the fact that many Quebecers are descendants of settlers from France's Normandy region. Its members are almost entirely military veterans, who either have family in Ukraine or were simply appalled by the invasion and reports of Russian war crimes.

Ukrainian Volunteer Army
The Ukrainian Volunteer Army (Ukrainian: Українська добровольча армія, УДА, romanized: Ukrayinsʹka dobrovolʹcha armiya, UDA) is a volunteer military formation established in December 2015 by Dmytro Yarosh after his departure from Right Sector. On October 14, 2018, Yarosh announced that all combat units were leaving the front line and the main focus of the Volunteer Army would be the construction of territorial defense units.

As of 2022, the units are part of the Ukrainian Territorial Defense Forces, and they also maintain partisan units behind the enemy lines.
Tetrahydropyridinylpyrrolopyridine
Tetrahydropyridinylpyrrolopyridines are a group of pyrrolopyridine–tetrahydropyridine derivatives related to the tryptamines. They are not tryptamines themselves, as they feature a pyrrolopyridine instead of indole ring system. The compounds include (R)-69, (R)-70, and CP-94253. They are known to act as serotonin receptor agonists, including of the serotonin 5-HT1 and/or 5-HT2 receptors. Some tetrahydropyridinylpyrrolopyridines, such as (R)-69 and (R)-70, were discovered by Bryan L. Roth and colleagues via ultra-large-scale docking.

Bryan Roth
Bryan L. Roth is the Michael Hooker Distinguished Professor of Protein Therapeutics and Translational Proteomics, UNC School of Medicine.  He is recognized for his discoveries and inventions in the general areas of molecular pharmacology, GPCR structure, and function and synthetic neurobiology.  He is a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS) and the National Academy of Medicine (NAM).
5th General Assembly of Newfoundland
The members of the 5th General Assembly of Newfoundland were elected in the Newfoundland general election held in 1852. The general assembly sat from 1853 to 1855.

John Kent was chosen as speaker.

Ker Baillie-Hamilton served as civil governor of Newfoundland.

Although Baillie-Hamilton was opposed to any change in the colony's system of government, in March 1854, Philip Francis Little and Robert John Parsons, with the support of Joseph Hume, were able to persuade the secretary of state for the colonies, the Duke of Newcastle, to grant responsible government to the colony.

Later in 1854, the assembly passed a Representation Act to double the number of seats in the assembly; this satisfied one of the conditions set by Newcastle for implementation of responsible government.

Baillie-Hamilton delayed the upcoming general election until May 1855 because he felt that a winter election would be unfair to Protestant voters living in remote areas of the colony.

Robert John Parsons
Robert John Parsons (c. 1802 – June 20, 1883) was a journalist and politician in Newfoundland. He represented St. John's East in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly from 1843 to 1874.

He was born in Harbour Grace. Parsons apprenticed as a printer with the Royal Gazette in St. John's and was foreman in Henry David Winton's printing office for six years. He became managing editor for the Newfoundland Patriot, becoming owner and editor in 1840. In 1835, he married Eliza Flood. Parsons died in St. John's in 1883.

His son Robert John Parsons, Jr. also served in the Newfoundland assembly.
GURPS Prime Directive
GURPS Prime Directive is a sourcebook for GURPS, first published in 2002. It is based on previous RPG setting set in the Star Fleet Universe, based in turn upon Star Trek itself. It has several associated sourcebooks.

Splatbook
A splatbook or sourcebook is a supplement for a particular role-playing game (RPG) that is not needed for basic play, but is devoted to a particular facet, such as a character class or fictional faction, providing additional background details, scenarios, rules options, or other materials that players can use to extend or enhance the central game. For example, a "swords and sorcery" fantasy game might offer splatbooks for each of the races in the setting: humans, dwarves, elves, and others. A splatbook supplements the core materials of a game, which are typically given in a basic  publication known as the core rulebook or by other names — these core books might also be referred to as sourcebooks, occasionally. Splatbooks may also be offered for other types of games, such as wargames or other tabletop games.
Hamilton, Joe Frank & Reynolds
Hamilton, Joe Frank & Reynolds were a 1970s soft rock trio from Los Angeles. The original members were Dan Hamilton (guitar/lead vocal), Joe Frank Carollo (bass/vocal), and Tommy Reynolds (multi-instrumentalist/vocal), all of whom had previously played in The T-Bones, a 1960s band noted for the instrumental hit "No Matter What Shape (Your Stomach's In)".

The group first hit the charts in 1971 with "Don't Pull Your Love". Reynolds left the group in late 1972 and was replaced by keyboardist Alan Dennison, but the band kept the name Hamilton, Joe Frank & Reynolds until 1976. This revised line-up performed the group's biggest hit, 1975's "Fallin' in Love".

Soft rock
Soft rock (also known as light rock, mellow rock or adult-oriented rock) is a form of rock music that originated in the late 1960s in the United States and the United Kingdom which smoothed over the edges of singer-songwriter and pop rock, relying on simple, melodic songs with big, lush productions. Soft rock was prevalent on the radio throughout the 1970s and eventually metamorphosed into a form of the synthesized music of adult contemporary in the 1980s.
Menui Island
The Menui Islands (Pulau Menui in Indonesian), also written Manui Islands, are located off the east coast of Sulawesi, Indonesia, in the waters of the Banda Sea. They are about 80 kilometres to the northeast of the city of Kendari. Administratively they constitute a district (kecamatan kepulauan menui) of Morowali Regency within Central Sulawesi Province of Indonesia, although they are closer geographically to Southeast Sulawesi Province. Until 2022 this Menui Islands District included other islands further to the northwest, off the coast of South Bungku District, but these have now been separated off into a new Sombori Islands District.

Southeast Sulawesi
Southeast Sulawesi (Indonesian: Sulawesi Tenggara, Indonesian pronunciation: [sulaˌwesi t̪əŋˈɡara]; often abbreviated to Sultra, Indonesian pronunciation: [ˈsʊlt̪ra]),  is a province on the island of Sulawesi, forming the southeastern peninsula of that island, together with a number of substantial offshore islands such as Buton, Muna, Kabaena and Wawonii (formerly called Wowoni), together with many smaller islands. It is bordered by South Sulawesi and Central Sulawesi to the north, sharing a maritime border with Maluku and North Maluku to the east and East Nusa Tenggara to the south, as well a very narrow maritime border with East Timor to the south. The capital is the city of Kendari, on the east coast of the peninsula.

The province has no highway road connecting to the rest of the island, and the primary transportation link is a ferry across the Bone Gulf between Watampone (Bone) in South Sulawesi and the port of Kolaka in Southeast Sulawesi.
Illicium verum
Illicium verum (star anise or badian, Chinese star anise, star anise seed, star aniseed and star of anise) is a medium-sized evergreen tree native to South China and northeast Vietnam. Its star-shaped pericarp fruits harvested just before ripening are a spice that closely resembles anise in flavor. Its primary production country is China, followed by Vietnam and other Southeast Asian countries. Star anise oil is highly fragrant, used in cooking, perfumery, soaps, toothpastes, mouthwashes, and skin creams. Until 2012, when they switched to using genetically modified E. coli, Roche Pharmaceuticals used up to 90% of the world's annual star anise crop to produce oseltamivir (Tamiflu) via shikimic acid.

Fruit (plant structure)
Fruits are the mature ovary or ovaries of one or more flowers. They are found in three main anatomical categories: aggregate fruits, multiple fruits, and simple fruits.

Fruitlike structures may develop directly from the seed itself rather than the ovary, such as a fleshy aril or sarcotesta.

The grains of grasses are single-seed simple fruits wherein the pericarp and seed coat are fused into one layer. This type of fruit is called a caryopsis. Examples include cereal grains, such as wheat, barley, oats and rice.
Muscidae
Muscidae are a family of flies found in the superfamily Muscoidea.

Muscidae, some of which are commonly known as house flies or stable flies due to their synanthropy, are worldwide in distribution and contain almost 4,000 described species in over 100 genera.

Most species are not synanthropic. Adults can be predatory, hematophagous, saprophagous, or feed on a number of types of plant and animal exudates. They can be attracted to various substances including sugar, sweat, tears  and blood. Larvae occur in various habitats including decaying vegetation, dry and wet soil, nests of insects and birds, fresh water, and carrion.

The housefly, Musca domestica, is the best known and most important species.

Some, from the genera Hydrotaea and Muscina, are involved in forensic case studies.

Muscoidea
Muscoidea is a superfamily of flies in the subsection Calyptratae. Muscoidea, with approximately 7000 described species, is nearly 5% of the known species level diversity of the Diptera, the true flies. Most muscoid flies are saprophagous, coprophagous or necrophagous as larvae, but some species are parasitic, predatory, or phytophagous.
In September 2008, a study was done on the superfamily using both nucleic and mitochondrial DNA and the conclusion suggested that Muscoidea may actually be paraphyletic.
Gymnastics at the 1991 Pan American Games
This page shows the results of the Gymnastics Competition at the 1991 Pan American Games in Havana, Cuba. Artistic and rhymic gymnastics competition was held from August 3 to August 18 in Santiago de Cuba at the Sala Polivalente Alejandro Urgelles.

1991 Pan American Games
The 1991 Pan American Games, officially known as the XI Pan American Games (Spanish: XI Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Havana 1991 (Spanish: La Habana 1991), were held in Havana, Cuba from 2 to 18 August 1991. There were 4,519 athletes from 39 countries of the PASO community, with events in 33 different sports. The main stadium was the Estadio Panamericano, a multi-use stadium in Havana that holds 50,000 people.
Torbjørn Hansen
Torbjørn Hansen (born 13 August 1972, in Bergen) is a Norwegian politician representing the Conservative Party (Høyre). He is currently a representative of Hordaland in the Storting and was first elected in 2001.

2001 Norwegian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Norway on 9 and 10 September 2001. The governing Labour Party lost seats and their vote share was the worst they had ever obtained in a post-war election. Although they still won a plurality of votes and seats, they were unable to form a government. Instead, a centre-right coalition of the Conservative Party, the Christian Democratic Party and Liberal Party was formed, led by Prime Minister Kjell Magne Bondevik of the Christian Democratic Party, with confidence and supply support from the Progress Party.
Hur Do-hwan
Hur Do-hwan (Korean: 허도환; born July 31, 1984) is a South Korean former professional baseball catcher. He played in the KBO League for the Doosan Bears, Nexen Heroes, Hanwha Eagles, SK Wyverns, KT Wiz, and LG Twins. He bats and throws right-handed.

Dankook University
Dankook University (commonly referred to as Dankook), abbreviated as DKU, is a private research university in Yongin and Cheonan, South Korea. The university was established in 1947. It was the first university established after the National Liberation Day of Korea, and its original location was in Jongno District and Yongsan District (after Jongno), Seoul.
Cyclostephanos
Cyclostephanos is a genus of diatoms belonging to the family Stephanodiscaceae.

The genus has cosmopolitan distribution.

Species:

Cyclostephanos costatus L.P.Loginova, E.G.Lupikina & G.K.Khursevich, 1984

Cyclostephanos fenestratus Theriot & Kociolek, 1988

Cyclostephanos gasseae E.Fourtanier, 1987

Stephanodiscaceae
Stephanodiscaceae is a family of diatoms belonging to the order Stephanodiscales.

Genera include:

Brevisira Krammer

Concentrodiscus G.C.Khursevich, A.I.Moisseeva & G.A.Sukhova

Crateriportula Flower & Håkansson

Cribrionella Jovanovska, Cvetkoska, Tofilovska, Ognjanova-Rumenova & Levkov

Cyclocostis Paillès

Cyclostephanopsis Loginova

Cyclostephanos Round

Cyclotella (Kützing) Brébisson

Cyclotubicoalitus Stoermer, E.F.Kociolek & W.Cody

Dimidialimbus H.Tanaka & T.Nagumo

Discotella V.Houk & R.Klee

Edtheriotia Kociolek, Q.M.You, Stepanek, R.L.Lowe et Q-X. Wang
New York Military Affairs Symposium
The New York Military Affairs Symposium (NYMAS), is an independent, not-for-profit educational body dedicated to the preservation and furthering of military history in New York City. The membership includes scholars, active and retired military personnel, and concerned civilians. NYMAS is devoted to increasing public knowledge, awareness and understanding of military history, arms control, international relations, defense policy, disarmament, civil-military relations, international security, Veterans Affairs and the interrelationship of war, society, and culture through the presentation and dissemination of diverse scholarly viewpoints - with particular reference to the history of warfare involving the United States and of Americans at war.

Not-for-profit organization
A not-for-profit organisation (NFPO) is a legal entity that does not distribute surplus funds to its members and is formed to fulfill specific objectives.

While not-for-profit organizations and nonprofit organizations (NPO) are distinct legal entities, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. An NFPO must be differentiated from a NPO as they are not formed explicitly for the public good as an NPO must be, and NFPOs are considered "recreational organizations", meaning that they do not operate with the goal of generating revenue as opposed to NPOs.
Ruhleben internment camp
Ruhleben internment camp was a civilian detention camp in Germany during World War I. It was located in Ruhleben, a former Vorwerk manor 10 km (6.2 mi) to the west of Berlin. This area is now split between the districts of Spandau and Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. The camp was developed on the site of a harness racing track laid out in 1908 north of the Berlin-Hamburg Railway line.

Harness racing
Harness racing is a form of horse racing in which the horses race at a specific gait (a trot or a pace). They usually pull a two-wheeled cart called a sulky, spider, or chariot occupied by a driver. In Europe, and less frequently in Australia and New Zealand, races with jockeys riding directly on saddled trotters (trot monté in French) are also conducted.
2025–26 Eredivisie (women)
The 2025–26 season is the 16th iteration of the Vrouwen Eredivisie, the top national women's football league in the Netherlands. The season started on 6 September 2025 and ends on 22 May 2026. This season, the three bottom-finishing teams will be relegated to the Vrouwen Eerste Divisie.

FC Twente entered the season as the two-time defending champion and also won the KNVB Women's Super Cup immediately before the start of the season. Twente, PSV, and Ajax also competed in European club competitions during the season. Twente was eliminated in the UEFA Women's Champions League league phase, and PSV and Ajax both lost in the UEFA Women's Europa Cup Round of 16. All three teams were winless in their final round of European competition.

2025–26 UEFA Women's Europa Cup
The 2025–26 UEFA Women's Europa Cup is the inaugural season of the UEFA Women's Europa Cup, Europe's secondary women's club football tournament organised by UEFA. The competition features a straight knockout format, with every round (including the final) played as a two-legged home-and-away tie.

The winners will automatically qualify for the third qualifying round of the champions path of the 2026–27 UEFA Women's Champions League.
Doxefazepam
Doxefazepam (marketed under brand name Doxans) is a benzodiazepine medication. It possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. It is used therapeutically as a hypnotic. According to Babbini and colleagues in 1975, this derivative of flurazepam was between 2 and 4 times more potent than the latter while at the same time being half as toxic in laboratory animals.

It was patented in 1972 and came into medical use in 1984.

Muscle relaxant
A muscle relaxant is a drug that affects skeletal muscle function and decreases the muscle tone. It may be used to alleviate symptoms such as muscle spasms, pain, and hyperreflexia. The term "muscle relaxant" is used to refer to two major therapeutic groups: neuromuscular blockers and spasmolytics. Neuromuscular blockers act by interfering with transmission at the neuromuscular end plate and have no central nervous system (CNS) activity. They are often used during surgical procedures and in intensive care and emergency medicine to cause temporary paralysis. Spasmolytics, also known as "centrally acting" muscle relaxants, are used to alleviate musculoskeletal pain and spasms and to reduce spasticity in a variety of neurological conditions. While both neuromuscular blockers and spasmolytics are often grouped together as muscle relaxants, the term is commonly used to refer to spasmolytics only.