hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Archaeospheniscus lowei
Archaeospheniscus lowei is the type species of the extinct penguin genus Archaeospheniscus. It stood approximately 85–115 cm high, between a modern king penguin and an emperor penguin in size. It is known from bones of a single individual (Otago Museum C.47.20) and possibly some additional material such as the OM C.47.27 femur, all recovered from the Late Oligocene Kokoamu Greensand Formation (27-28 MYA) at Duntroon, New Zealand.

The species' binomen was given in honor of Percy Lowe, who researched prehistoric penguins and proposed a theory (now considered erroneous) that these birds were derived from reptiles independently of the other modern birds.

King penguin
The king penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) is the second largest species of penguin, smaller than but somewhat similar in appearance to the emperor penguin.

King penguins mainly eat lanternfish, squid, and krill. On foraging trips, king penguins repeatedly dive to over 100 metres (300 ft), and have been recorded at depths greater than 300 metres (1,000 ft). Predators of the king penguin include giant petrels, skuas, the snowy sheathbill, the leopard seal, and the orca.

The king penguin breeds on the subantarctic islands at the northern reaches of Antarctica, South Georgia, southern Argentina, and other temperate islands of the region. It also lives on Macquarie Island in the Southern Ocean and the Falkland Islands.

This bird was exploited commercially in the past for its blubber, oil, meat, and feathers. Today it is fully protected.
William Napper (English cricketer)
William Napper (24 August 1816 – 13 July 1897) was an English cricketer active in the 1840s and 1850s, making over sixty appearances. Born at Sparr Farm, Wisborough Green, Sussex, Napper was a left-handed batsman and right-arm roundarm slow bowler, who played for several cricket teams.

Wisborough Green
Wisborough Green is a village and civil parish in West Sussex, England, 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Billingshurst on the A272 road.

Newbridge, where the A273 crosses the River Arun 8 miles (13 km) east of the village, was the highest point of the Arun Navigation, and the southern end of the Wey and Arun Canal. Newbridge Wharf(e), beneath the bridge, was an important part of the local transport system in the nineteenth century, before which, in the parish much further south, Pallingham Quay or Wharf was the limit of most navigation.
The Artists' & Writers' Cookbook
The Artists' & Writers' Cookbook is a 1961 cookbook with 220 recipes and 30 courses provided by famous writers and artists. Editors Beryl Barr and Barbara Turner Sachs asked contributors to submit cooking-related stories or favorite family recipes. The artists and writers responded with varying levels of seriousness, with some "using the cookbook as a canvas for wit and creative deviation". Of the cookbook's 150 contributors, 61 were novelists, 55 were painters, 19 were poets, and 15 were sculptors.

The Artists' & Writers' Cookbook was designed by Nicolas Sidjakov. Engravings from the 19th century were used to illustrate the cookbook, as were drawings from various contributors including Alexandre Istrati, Robert Osborn, and Marcel Duchamp.

Nicolas Sidjakov
Nicolas Sidjakov (December 16, 1924 – June 20, 1993) was an American commercial artist and illustrator. He was a co-founder of Sidjakov & Berman Associates and later Sidjakov, Berman & Gomez design firms.
Heftye
Heftye is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Henrik Heftye (1804–1864), Norwegian businessman and philanthropist

Johannes Thomassen Heftye (1792–1856), Norwegian businessman and politician

Thomas Heftye (1860–1921), Norwegian military officer, engineer, sports official and politician

Thomas Johannessen Heftye (1822–1886), Norwegian businessman, politician and philanthropist

Thomas Heftye
Thomas Thomassen Heftye (10 April 1860 – 19 September 1921) was a Norwegian military officer, engineer, sports official and politician for the Liberal Party. He is best known as the Norwegian Minister of Defence from June to October 1903 and March to April 1908, as well as the director of Telegrafverket. He was killed in the Nidareid train disaster.
Julius Chigbolu
Julius Obiefuna Chigbolu (19 February 1929 – 18 April 2010) was a Nigerian athlete. He competed in the men's high jump at the 1956 Summer Olympics. He is the grandfather of Italian 400 m athlete Maria Benedicta Chigbolu.

Athletics at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Men's high jump
The men's high jump was an event at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia. Twenty-eight contestants from 19 nations met on the morning of the first day of the athletic contests, on Friday November 23, 1956, and 22 cleared the qualifying height of 1.92 metres, to meet again in the afternoon. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by Charles Dumas of the United States, the nation's second consecutive and 11th overall victory in the men's high jump. Chilla Porter's silver was Australia's second medal in the event (after a gold in 1948). Igor Kashkarov's bronze was the Soviet Union's first.
Miss Centre-Val de Loire
Miss Centre-Val de Loire is a French beauty pageant which selects a representative for the Miss France national competition from the region of Centre-Val de Loire. Women representing the region under various titles have competed at Miss France since 1928, although the Miss Centre-Val de Loire title was not used regularly until 2015.

The current Miss Centre-Val de Loire is Anna Valero, who was crowned Miss Centre-Val de Loire 2025 on 6 July 2025. One woman from Centre-Val de Loire has been crowned Miss France:

Flora Coquerel, who was crowned Miss France 2014, competing as Miss Orléanais

Centre-Val de Loire
Centre-Val de Loire (/ˌvæl də ˈlwɑːr, ˌvɑːl-/; French pronunciation: [sɑ̃tʁ(ə) val də lwaʁ], lit. 'Centre-Loire Valley'), or simply Centre as it was known until 2015, is one of the eighteen administrative regions of France. It straddles the middle Loire Valley in the interior of the country, encompassing six departments (Cher, Eure-et-Loir, Indre, Indre-et-Loire, Loir-et-Cher and Loiret), with a population of 2,572,853 as of 2018. Its prefecture is Orléans, and its largest city is Tours.
Queensland Women's Historical Association
The Queensland Women's Historical Association is a historical society in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia which studies the history and heritage of Queensland, including its pioneer families and the contribution made by women. The Association is headquartered at the heritage-listed house Miegunyah in Bowen Hills.

Ormiston House Estate
Ormiston House Estate is a heritage-listed plantation at Wellington Street, Ormiston, City of Redland, Queensland, Australia. It was built from c. 1858 to c. 1865. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 21 October 1992.
Pola Buckley
Pola Buckley is an American accountant and the 20th Maine State Auditor. A Democrat, she was elected by the Maine Legislature to her position on January 7, 2013 serving until January, 2021, when she was succeeded by Matthew Dunlap and then Jacob Norton shortly after.

Buckley earned a Bachelor of Science degree in accounting from Boston College, and a master's degree in Business Administration from Thomas College.

Maine Legislature
The Maine State Legislature is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Maine. It is a bicameral body composed of the lower house Maine House of Representatives and the upper house Maine Senate. The legislature convenes at the State House in Augusta, where it has met since 1832.

The House of Representatives consists of 151 members, each chosen from single-member constituencies. The House is uniquely the only state legislative body in the U.S. to set aside special seats for American Indians, where there are three non-voting Representatives from the Penobscot Nation, the Passamaquoddy Tribe, and the Houlton Band of Maliseets. The Senate currently has 35 members, though under the Maine Constitution there may be 31, 33, or 35.
Swan Lake Iris Gardens
Swan Lake Iris Gardens is a public park located in Sumter, South Carolina. It is currently the only public park in the United States to have all eight species of swans—including Royal white mutes, Black Necks, Coscorobas, Whoopers, Black Australians, Whistlers, Bewicks, and Trumpeters.

Whooper swan
The whooper swan (/ˈhuːpə(ɹ) swɒn/ "hooper swan"; Cygnus cygnus), also known as the common swan, is a large northern hemisphere swan. It is the Eurasian counterpart of the North American trumpeter swan.
33 Martyrs Memorial
The 33 Martyrs Memorial is a memorial in Bingöl Province, Turkey dedicated to 33 unarmed Turkish Army recruits killed by Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) militants in the 1993 Bingöl massacre.

The memorial is 13 kilometers west of Bingöl. In June 2007, a 10 square meter Turkish flag on a 33 meters long flagpole (representing the 33 recruits killed in the attack) was erected, along with cenotaphs for all 33 recruits. The memorial was opened to the public in 2012.

Bingöl
Bingöl (Armenian: Ճապաղջուր, romanized: Chapaghjur; Kurdish: Çewlik; Zazaki: Çewlîg), known as Çapakçur before 1944, is a city in Turkey. It is the seat of Bingöl Province and Bingöl District, and has a population of 133,423 (2022). The city is situated in a predominantly Kurdish-speaking region of eastern Turkey and is known in Kurdish as Çewlik; it has been the subject of scholarly attention as a site of Kird/Zaza and Kurmanji Kurdish identity formation.
Q36.5 Continental Team
Q36.5 Continental Team is a UCI Continental cycling team, initially registered in South Africa but now registered in Italy. Until 2021 the team acted as a feeder team to the UCI WorldTeam, Team Qhubeka NextHash. Since 2023, it acts as the development team for UCI ProTeam Q36.5 Pro Cycling Team.

Matteo Sobrero
Matteo Sobrero (born 14 May 1997) is an Italian cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Red Bull–Bora–Hansgrohe. He was named in the startlist for the 2020 Giro d'Italia.
Sobrero won a time trial stage at the 2022 Giro d’Italia.
Charles C. Burch
Charles C. Burch (May 3, 1928 – May 1979) was an American politician in the state of Tennessee. Burch served in the Tennessee House of Representatives as a Democrat from the 8th district of Shelby County from 1965 to 1971. He was an attorney, public defender, 1974 United States Congressional Candidate, professor of law at the University of Memphis School of Law and member of the Shelby County and American Bar Associations.

Cecil C. Humphreys School of Law
The University of Memphis Cecil C. Humphreys School of Law is an American Bar Association accredited law school and is the only law school in Memphis, Tennessee. The school has been associated with the University of Memphis since the law school's formation in 1962. The school was named in honor of former University president Cecil C. Humphreys. It is also referred to as U of M Law, Memphis Law, or Memphis Law School.

According to Memphis Law's 2017 ABA-required disclosures, 69.69% of the Class of 2017 obtained full-time, long-term, bar passage-required employment after graduation, excluding solo practitioners.
Dodo-Ichyotuy
Dodo-Ichyotuy (Russian: Додо-Ичётуй; Buryat: Доодо Υшөөтэй, Doodo Üshöötei) is a rural locality (a selo) in Dzhidinsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 350 as of 2017. There are 61 streets.

Dzhidinsky District
Dzhidinsky District (Russian: Джиди́нский райо́н; Buryat: Зэдын аймаг, Zedyn aimag) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in the Republic of Buryatia, Russia. It is located in the south of the republic. The area of the district is 8,600 square kilometers (3,300 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Petropavlovka. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 29,352, with the population of Petropavlovka accounting for 25.4% of that number.
Gal4 transcription factor
The Gal4 transcription factor is a positive regulator of gene expression of galactose-induced genes. This protein represents a large fungal family of transcription factors, Gal4 family, which includes over 50 members in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae e.g. Oaf1, Pip2, Pdr1, Pdr3, Leu3.

Gal4 recognizes genes with UASG, an upstream activating sequence, and activates them. In yeast cells, the principal targets are GAL1 (galactokinase), GAL10 (UDP-glucose 4-epimerase), and GAL7 (galactose-1-phosphate uridylyltransferase), three enzymes required for galactose metabolism. This binding has also proven useful in constructing the GAL4/UAS system, a technique for controlling expression in insects. In yeast, Gal4 is by default repressed by Gal80, and activated in the presence of galactose as Gal3 binds away Gal80.

Galactokinase
Galactokinase is an enzyme (phosphotransferase) that facilitates the phosphorylation of α-D-galactose to galactose 1-phosphate at the expense of one molecule of ATP.  Galactokinase catalyzes the second step of the Leloir pathway, a metabolic pathway found in most organisms for the catabolism of α-D-galactose to glucose 1-phosphate.   First isolated from mammalian liver, galactokinase has been studied extensively in yeast, archaea, plants, and humans.
Ten Novels and Their Authors
Ten Novels and Their Authors (originally published as Great Novelists and Their Novels) is a 1948 work of literary criticism by William Somerset Maugham. Maugham collects together what he considers to have been the ten greatest novels and writes about the books and the authors. The ten novels are:

The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling by Henry Fielding (1749)

Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen (1813)

The Red and the Black by Stendhal (1830)

Le Père Goriot by Honoré de Balzac (1835)

David Copperfield by Charles Dickens (1849)

Madame Bovary by Gustave Flaubert (1856)

Moby-Dick by Herman Melville (1851)

Wuthering Heights by Emily Brontë (1847)

The Brothers Karamazov by Dostoevsky (1880)

War and Peace by Tolstoy (1869)

This book was originally a series of magazine articles commissioned by Redbook.

Gustave Flaubert
Gustave Flaubert (UK: /ˈfloʊbɛər/ FLOH-bair, US: /floʊˈbɛər/ floh-BAIR; French: [ɡystav flobɛʁ]; 12 December 1821 – 8 May 1880) was a French novelist. He has been considered the leading exponent of literary realism in his country and abroad. According to the literary theorist Kornelije Kvas, "in Flaubert, realism strives for formal perfection, so the presentation of reality tends to be neutral, emphasizing the values and importance of style as an objective method of presenting reality". He is known especially for his debut novel Madame Bovary (1857), his Correspondence, and his scrupulous devotion to his style and aesthetics. The celebrated short story writer Guy de Maupassant was a protégé of Flaubert.
Þórður Þórðarson (footballer, born 1972)
Þórður Þórðarson (born 10 April 1972) is an Icelandic former footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He was most recently the manager of Úrvalsdeild side ÍA, from 2009 to 2013. Þórður won one cap for the Iceland national football team in 1996, coming on as a substitute for Kristján Finnbogason in the 2–1 friendly win against Cyprus.

Þórður spent the majority of his playing career in Iceland with ÍA, KA and Valur, playing more than 150 league matches in total. During the 1999 and 2000 seasons he played in Sweden with IFK Norrköping, where he made 13 appearances.

Valur (men's football)
The Valur men's football team, commonly known as Valur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈvaːlʏr̥], lit. 'Gyrfalcon'), is the men's football department of the Knattspyrnufélagið Valur multi-sport club. The club is based in Reykjavík, Iceland, and currently plays in the Besta deild karla, the top league of men's football in Iceland. The team plays its home games at Hlíðarendi in Reykjavík. The team's colours are red and white. Valur has spent most of its time in the top-flight of Icelandic football, spending only three seasons outside the top tier. Valur is one of the most successful football clubs in Iceland, with 23 Icelandic championships.
Msambweni, Tanga City Council
Msambweni (Kata ya Msambweni , in Swahili) is an administrative ward in Tanga City Council of Tanga Region in Tanzania. Ngamiani Kusini forms the northern boundary of the ward. Makorora is the ward that is bordered to the east. The Mabawa and Duga ward is to the south. The Mwanzange is to the west. The ward covers an area of 0.7 km2 (0.27 sq mi), and has an average elevation of 18 m (59 ft). According to the 2012 census, the ward has a total population of 9,610.

Tanga City Council, Tanga
Tanga City Council (Halimashauri ya Jiji la Tanga, in Swahili) is one of eleven administrative districts of Tanga Region in Tanzania. The District covers an area of 596.5 km2 (230.3 sq mi)  of which includes the historic city of Tanga and the Port of Tanga. Tanga district is bordered to the north by Mkinga District, to the east by the Indian Ocean, to the south and west by Muheza District. The district is comparable in size to the land area of Guam. The administrative seat is the ward Central . The district is the administrative and economic center of Tanga Region. In Swahili, the word Tanga means "sail". The City was also the theater for the battle of Tanga. According to the 2022 census, the district has a total population of 393,429.
Shangchong station
Shangchong Station (Chinese: 上涌站; pinyin: Shàngchōng Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Seungchūng Jaahm) is a station on Line 11 of the Guangzhou Metro. It started operations on 28 December 2024. It is located underground at the northwest corner of the interchange of Xinjiao Road and Guangzhou Avenue in Haizhu District.

Yale romanization of Cantonese
The Yale romanization of Cantonese was developed by Yale scholar Gerard P. Kok for his and Parker Po-fei Huang's textbook Speak Cantonese initially circulated in looseleaf form in 1952 but later published in 1958. Unlike the Yale romanization of Mandarin, it is still widely used in books and dictionaries, especially for foreign learners of Cantonese. It shares some similarities with Hanyu Pinyin in that unvoiced, unaspirated consonants are represented by letters traditionally used in English and most other European languages to represent voiced sounds. For example, [p] is represented as b in Yale, whereas its aspirated counterpart, [pʰ] is represented as p. Students attending the Chinese University of Hong Kong's New-Asia Yale-in-China Chinese Language Center are taught using Yale romanization.

Some enthusiasts employ Yale romanisation to explore writing Cantonese as an alphabetic language.
Maxime De Winne
Maxime De Winne (born 1977) is a Flemish actor and theatre producer.

De Winne studied ethics at Ghent University, and afterwards, theatre production at the Maastricht Academy of Dramatic Arts, where he graduated in 2006. Until 2010 he had some minor roles in Flemish television shows and commercials.

In 2010 De Winne was one of the hosts of a call game for about 6 months, aired on the Belgian channels vtm and 2BE. On 17 January 2011 it turned out De Winne was a mole who actually worked for Woestijnvis and Neveneffecten. De Winne went undercover to show Flanders that the games are scams. His records, taken with hidden cameras, were shown in Basta. On 18 January 2011 vtm and 2BE cancelled all call games.

As from October 2011, De Winne got a main role in Thuis, a famous Belgian soap opera, playing Tibo Timmermans. Tibo is in a gay relationship with Franky Bomans and they got married on the last episode of season 17.

Maastricht Academy of Dramatic Arts
The Toneelacademie Maastricht, or  Maastricht Academy of Dramatic Arts, is a college of dramatic arts located in the city of Maastricht in the Netherlands. It is part of the Zuyd University of Applied Sciences.
McMakin
McMakin is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

John McMakin (baseball) (1878–1956), American baseball player

John McMakin (born 1950), American football player

Roy McMakin (born 1956), American furniture maker, artist, and architect

Tom McMakin (born 1961), American writer and businessman

John McMakin (baseball)
John Weaver McMakin (March 6, 1878 – September 25, 1956), nicknamed "Spartanburg John", was an American left-handed pitcher. McMakin played for the 1900 and 1901 Clemson Tigers.  In Major League Baseball, he pitched in four games for the Brooklyn Superbas during the 1902 season, accumulating a record of 2-2 with a 3.09 earned run average. McMakin returned to Clemson to coach the team in the 1904 through 1906 seasons. Born in Spartanburg, South Carolina, he died at age 78 at his home near Lyman, South Carolina.

His grandsons, John McMakin and David McMakin, both became football players, with John going on to win Super Bowl IX with the Pittsburgh Steelers and David winning the 1973 College Football National Championship with the Alabama Crimson Tide.
Spoil tip
A spoil tip (also called a boney pile, culm bank, gob pile, waste tip or bing) is a pile built of accumulated spoil – waste material removed during mining.  Spoil tips are not formed of slag, but in some areas, such as England and Wales, they are referred to as slag heaps and sometimes as pit heaps.  In Scotland the word bing is used. In North American English the term is mine dump or mine waste dump.

The term "spoil" is also used to refer to material removed when digging a foundation, tunnel, or other large excavation. Such material may be ordinary soil and rocks (after separation of coal from waste), or may be heavily contaminated with chemical waste, determining how it may be disposed of. Clean spoil may be used for land reclamation.

Spoil is distinct from tailings, which is the processed material that remains after the valuable components have been extracted from ore.

Ski
Skis are runners, attached to the user's feet, designed to glide over snow. Typically employed in pairs, skis are attached to ski boots with ski bindings, with either a free, lockable, or partially secured heel. For climbing slopes, ski skins can be affixed to the base of each ski to prevent them from sliding backwards. Originally used as a means of travel over snow, skis have become specialized for recreational and competitive alpine and cross-country skiing.
Çamalan
Çamalan is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Tarsus, Mersin Province, Turkey. Its population is 266 (2022). It is in the Taurus Mountains and to the west of Turkish state highway D.400. The village is inhabited by Tahtacı.

There is a German cemetery from World War I in the village, which is located 40 kilometres (25 mi) away from Tarsus and 67 kilometres (42 mi) away from Mersin. The village was founded in the 16th century by Turkmens of the Alevi sect. They escaped from the harsh treatment of the Ottoman sultan Selim I to the forests of the mountainous area for concealment. Their main economic activity was forestry, and they were called tahtacı ("woodman"). Nowadays, however, the majority of the village population is retired people from the cities in the Çukurova plains (Cilicia of the antiquity).

Taurus Mountains
The Taurus Mountains (Turkish: Toros Dağları or Toroslar; Kurdish: Çiyayên Torosê) are a mountain complex in southern Turkey, separating the Mediterranean coastal region from the central Anatolian Plateau. The system extends along a curve from Lake Eğirdir in the west to the upper reaches of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers in the east. It is a part of the Alpide belt in Eurasia.