hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fraticelli of Monte Malbe
The Fraticelli of Monte Malbe (Italian: Fraticelli di Monte Malbe) were a religious order founded in the fourteenth century in Monte Malbe, near Perugia, by Francesco di Niccolò of Perugia. The order then spread and erected hermitages also at Sansepolcro and Mount Subasio, near Assisi. The order followed the Rule of St. Augustine, and was approved by the bishops of Perugia and Città di Castello. In 1363 the bishop of Perugia nominated Liberato di Simone from Sansepolcro as leader. The movement was affected by the Inquisition in 1361–1362, which ultimately led to its dissolution in the last decades of the fourteenth century.

The Fraticelli of Monte Malbe were a Mendicant order. One of their core principles was radical voluntary poverty, in contrast to the Franciscans, whom they accused of deviating from their origins and of committing simony.

Archdiocese of Perugia–Città della Pieve
The Archdiocese of Perugia-Città della Pieve (Latin: Archidioecesis Perusina-Civitatis Plebis) is a Latin archdiocese of the Catholic Church. It was historically the Diocese of Perugia. It became the Archdiocese of Perugia in 1882, but without suffragans. It acquired suffragan dioceses in 1972. It was united in 1986 with the Diocese of Città della Pieve. The Current Archbishop is Ivan Maffeis
Bryan Spicer
Bryan Spicer (born April 9, 1964) is an American film and television director. As a television director, his credits include Castle, 24, House, Heroes, CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, Hawaii Five-0, and Magnum P.I..

Paley Center for Media has preserved the first season Salute Your Shorts episode "Sponge Saga" in its New York archive, which was directed by Spicer.

In 1995, Spicer made his feature film directorial debut with the film Mighty Morphin Power Rangers: The Movie, and in 1997 he directed the films McHale's Navy and For Richer or Poorer.

Castle (TV series)
Castle is an American crime mystery comedy-drama television series that aired on ABC for a total of eight seasons from March 9, 2009, to May 16, 2016. The series was produced by Beacon Pictures and ABC Studios.

Created by Andrew W. Marlowe, Castle primarily traces the lives of Richard Castle (Nathan Fillion), a best-selling mystery novelist, and Kate Beckett (Stana Katic), a homicide detective, as they solve various unusual crimes in New York City. Detective Beckett is initially infuriated at the thought of working with a writer and goes to great lengths to keep him out of her way. However, the two soon start developing feelings for each other. The overarching plot of the series focused on the romance between the two lead characters and their ongoing investigation of the murder of Beckett's mother.

On May 12, 2016, it was announced that despite some cast members signing one-year contracts for a potential ninth season, the show had been canceled.
Oondees
Oondees or undees are a breakfast delicacy from the Mangalore region of India. They are made of semolina or rice, spherical shaped and about 4 inches in diameter and have a semi-soft texture.  They may be sweetened by adding sugar or coconut.

Breakfast
Breakfast is the first meal of the day, usually eaten in the morning. The word in English refers to breaking the fasting period of the previous night. Various "typical" or "traditional" breakfast menus exist, with food choices varying by regions and traditions worldwide.
Haydari and Ne'mati
Ḥaydari and Ne'mati were the two rival factions into which some Iranian cities and towns were historically divided. From Safavid times until the mid-20th century, these cities and towns would be divided into two groups of adjacent mahallas (neighborhoods) called the Ḥaydari-kāneh and the Ne'mati-kāneh, and their residents would express "mutual contempt and antagonism" and occasionally break out into "massive public fights". The actual locations of the neighborhoods was irrelevant. Although they had their origins in Sunni-Shi'i hostilities in the pre-Safavid period, the Haydari and Ne'mati factions did not correspond to any socioeconomic or religious grouping; their rivalry was its own separate thing. Until the mid-20th century, the Haydari-Ne'mati division was "one of the most important socio-political characteristics of Iranian cities".

Ardakan, Fars
Ardakan (Persian: اردكان) is a city in the Central District of Sepidan County, Fars province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district. Its name derives from the words arta (brave man) and kan or gan (place), or "place of brave men." The city is midway between Yasuj and Shiraz.
Bakalar Air Force Base
Bakalar Air Force Base is a former U.S. Air Force base located 4.4 miles (7.1 km) northeast of Columbus, Indiana. During World War II, the base was known as Atterbury Air Field and Atterbury Army Air Base (named in memory of Brigadier General William Wallace Atterbury), but it was renamed Bakalar Air Force Base in 1954 in honor of First Lieutenant John Edmond Bakalar, USAAF. Established in 1942, the airfield served as a training base for medium-range C-46 Commando and C-47 Skytrain troop carrier planes and glider pilots. It also was used for training North American B-25 Mitchell and Martin B-26 Marauder bomber crews. Reactivated during the Cold War, it was used as an Air Force Reserve training base for troop carrier, tactical airlift, and special operations flying units. The military base was closed in 1970. The present-day facility operates as the Columbus Municipal Airport.

Shaw Air Force Base
Shaw Air Force Base (Shaw AFB) (IATA: SSC, ICAO: KSSC, FAA LID: SSC) is a United States Air Force (USAF) base located approximately 8.4 miles (13.5 km) west-northwest of downtown Sumter, South Carolina. It is one of the largest military bases operated by the United States, and is under the jurisdiction of USAF Air Combat Command (ACC). The 20th Fighter Wing (20th FW) is the host unit.
Cordusio (Milan Metro)
Cordusio is a station on Line 1 of the Milan Metro in the busy, commercial Piazzale Cordusio. It was opened on 1 November 1964 as part of the inaugural section of the Metro, between Sesto Marelli and Lotto. The station is near the piazza del Duomo, and the long via Dante, which leads up to the Castello Sforzesco.

As with the square in which it is located, it takes its name from the Curia Ducis, the Court of Duke: this name dates back to the Longobard period.

Sforza Castle
The Sforza Castle (Italian: Castello Sforzesco [kasˈtɛllo sforˈtsesko]; Milanese: Castell Sforzesch [kasˈtɛl sfurˈsɛsk]) is a medieval fortification located in Milan, northern Italy. It was built in the 15th century by Francesco Sforza, Duke of Milan, on the remnants of a 14th-century fortification. Later renovated and enlarged, in the 16th and 17th centuries it was one of the largest citadels in Europe. Extensively rebuilt by Luca Beltrami in 1891–1905, it now houses several of the city's museums and art collections.
1944 Minnesota Attorney General election
The 1944 Minnesota Attorney General election was held on November 7, 1944, in order to elect the attorney general of Minnesota. Republican nominee and incumbent attorney general Joseph A. A. Burnquist defeated Democratic–Farmer–Labor nominee and former member of the Minnesota Senate Erling Swenson.

Minnesota Attorney General
The attorney general of Minnesota is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of the U.S. state of Minnesota. Thirty individuals have held the office of Attorney General since statehood. The incumbent is Keith Ellison, a Democratic-Farmer-Labor Party member.
Wright-Carry House
Wright-Carry House is a historic home located at Kenton, Kent County, Delaware.  The house was built about 1880, and is a two-story, three-bay, center hall plan frame structure with a two-story rear wing.  Both sections have gable roof and the house exhibits Queen Anne style design elements.  Also on the property are a contributing summer kitchen, privy, and barn or carriage house.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Carriage house
A carriage house, also called a remise or coach house, is a term used in North America to describe an outbuilding that was originally built to house horse-drawn carriages and their related tack. Carriage houses were often two stories, with related staff quarters above.
Giuseppe Mulè
Giuseppe Mulè (28 June 1885, Termini Imerese - 10 September 1951, Rome) was an Italian composer and conductor. His output includes numerous symphonic works and chamber works, incidental music for the stage, 7 operas, 5 film scores, and an oratorio. His work is characterized by its use of Italian folk melodies, verismo, and a tritone-inflected melodic style.

Verismo
In opera, verismo (Italian for 'realism'), from vero, meaning 'true', was a post-Romantic operatic tradition associated with Italian composers such as Pietro Mascagni, Ruggero Leoncavallo, Umberto Giordano, Francesco Cilea and Giacomo Puccini.

Verismo as an operatic genre had its origins in an Italian literary movement of the same name. This was in turn related to the international literary movement of naturalism as practised by Émile Zola and others. Like naturalism, the verismo literary movement sought to portray the world with greater realism. In so doing, Italian verismo authors such as Giovanni Verga wrote about subject matter, such as the lives of the poor, that had not generally been seen as a fit subject for literature.
2007–08 A1 Grand Prix of Nations, Zhuhai, China
The 2007–08 A1 Grand Prix of Nations, Zhuhai, China was an A1 Grand Prix race held on December 16, 2007, at the Zhuhai International Circuit, China. It was the fourth meeting in the 2007-08 A1 Grand Prix season.

Adam Carroll (racing driver)
Adam Norman Carroll (born 26 October 1982) is a British  professional racing driver. He last raced in the 2016–17 Formula E season for Jaguar Racing. He has also raced for Team Ireland in A1 Grand Prix, winning the series in 2009.
October 5 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
October 4 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - October 6

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on October 18 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For October 5th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on September 22.

September 22 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
September 21 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - September 23

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on October 5 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For September 22nd, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on September 9.
Illinois Public Pension Amendment
The Illinois Public Pension Amendment was a proposed amendment to the Illinois state constitution. On November 6, 2012, Illinois voters rejected it in a statewide referendum, failing both the 60% threshold and 50% threshold among all ballots cast.

A legislatively referred constitutional amendment, if approved, would have amended the Constitution of Illinois. The measure would have made it so that a three-fifths approval would be required by the General Assembly, city councils, and school districts that wish to increase the pension benefits of their employees.

Legislative referral
A legislative referral (or legislative referendum) is a referendum in which a legislature puts proposed legislation up for popular vote. This may either be voluntarily or, as is the case in many countries for a constitutional amendment, as a mandatory part of the procedure for passing a law. These referrals, depending on the location, can either amend a constitution or enact a change in statute. It is a form of direct democracy. In some places it is known as an authorities referendum, authorities plebiscite, government initiated referendum, or top-down referendum It may originate from the legislative branch, executive branch, or a combination of the two.

An instrument of direct democracy, it is in contrast to citizens (or "bottom-up") initiative that is initiated from the public. With initiated statutes and amendments, voters both initiate and decide on the change of law. In a legislative referral, they only approve or reject laws which their legislature votes to place before them.
Juasseh
Juasseh (Negeri Sembilan Malay: Joseh; Jawi: جواسيه; Chinese: 爪西) is a mukim in Kuala Pilah District, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. The Sekolah Menengah Vokasional Juasseh (Juasseh Vocational Secondary School) is situated nearby. This town also had a railway station but has since been abandoned.

The historically significant Muar River also flows through Juasseh.

Mukim
A mukim is a type of administrative division used in Brunei, the Indonesian province of Aceh (see Mukim (Aceh)), Malaysia and Singapore. The word mukim is a loanword in English. However, it was also originally a loanword in Malay from the Arabic word: مقيم (meaning resident). The closest English translation for mukim is township.
Ulmus 'Variegata Nova'
The elm cultivar Ulmus 'Variegata Nova' was first listed by Nicholson in Kew Hand-List Trees and Shrubs, 2: 137, 1896, as Ulmus campestris var. variegata nova, but without description. The tree was considered "possibly U. carpinifolia" (:minor) by Green.

George Nicholson (horticulturist)
George Nicholson (7 December 1847 Sharow - 20 September 1908), was an English botanist and horticulturist, and one of the 60 recipients of the Victoria Medal of Honour by the Royal Horticultural Society in 1897 for their contributions to horticulture.

He is noted for having edited "The Illustrated Dictionary of Gardening", produced as an eight-part alphabetical series between 1884 and 1888 with a supplement, and published by L. Upcott Gill of London. It was also published in New York in 1889 by The American Agriculturist in 4 Volumes.
XHLCE-FM
XHLCE-FM is a noncommercial (social) radio station on 90.1 FM in La Cruz, Sinaloa under the name "Óscar FM". It is owned by Radio Agricultores del Valle de Sinaloa, A.C. and operated by GPM Grupo Promomedios, which also owns the local cable system in La Cruz.

La Cruz, Sinaloa
La Cruz is a small city in the Mexican state of Sinaloa. It stands at 
23°55′17″N 106°53′31″W﻿ / ﻿23.92139°N 106.89194°W﻿ / 23.92139; -106.89194.
The city reported 15,657 inhabitants in the 2010 census.

La Cruz, Sinaloa, commonly known in Spanish as La Cruz de Elota, is the municipal seat of the municipality of Elota, and is the site of Elota's municipal hall.  There are shops and schools, as well as a nearby beach area, better known as Ceuta's Beach, which is located 8 km from La Cruz.

La Cruz is located between Culiacán (the capital of Sinaloa) and Mazatlán (Sinaloa's most important tourist destination and biggest harbor).  Culiacán lies to the north at a distance of 120 km (74.5 miles) and Mazatlán to the south with a distance of 100 km (62 miles approximately).
Hereditary monarchy
A hereditary monarchy is a form of government and succession of power in which the throne passes from one member of a ruling family to another member of the same family. A series of rulers from the same family would constitute a dynasty. It is historically the most common type of monarchy and remains the dominant form in extant monarchies.

In most extant hereditary monarchies, the typical order of succession uses some form of primogeniture, but there exist other methods such as seniority and tanistry (in which an heir-apparent is nominated from among qualified candidates). Research shows that hereditary regimes, in particular primogeniture, are more stable than forms of authoritarian rule with alternative succession arrangements.

Royal family
A royal family is the immediate family of monarchs and sometimes their extended family.

The term imperial family appropriately describes the family of an emperor or empress, and the term papal family describes the family of a pope, while the terms baronial family, comital family, ducal family, archducal family, grand ducal family, or princely family are more appropriate to describe, respectively, the relatives of a reigning baron, count/earl, duke, archduke, grand duke, or prince.

However, in common parlance members of any family which reigns by hereditary right are often referred to as royalty or "royals". It is also customary in some circles to refer to the extended relations of a deposed monarch and their descendants as a royal family. A dynasty is sometimes referred to as the "House of ...". In July 2013 there were 26 active sovereign dynasties in the world that ruled or reigned over 43 monarchies.
2016 Wimbledon Championships – Ladies' invitation doubles
Magdalena Maleeva and Rennae Stubbs were the defending champions but were eliminated in the round robin.

Martina Navratilova and Selima Sfar defeated Lindsay Davenport and Mary Joe Fernandez in the final, 7–6(7–5), ret. to win the ladies' invitation doubles tennis title at the 2016 Wimbledon Championships.

Selima Sfar
Selima Sfar (Arabic: سليمة صفر Salima Safar; born 8 July 1977) is a Tunisian former tennis player.

She turned professional in 1999 and has been ranked as high as 75th in the world (16 July 2001). Sfar is the second highest ranked female Tunisian and Arab player. She has experienced most of her success in tournaments of the ITF Women's Circuit, winning 11 singles titles and 21 doubles titles.
Elisa's
Elisa's is a Swedish dansband from the Skaraborg, established in 2009. The band is named after its lead singer Elisa Lindström. The band won the 2010 Dansbandskampen competition.

The band was launched by young artists in Musikgymnasiet i Skövde (the Music College in Skövde). During late 2010, the band's fame spread in Sweden. Their first single, "Hey Go So Long", was recorded in February 2010. In 2011 the band went to the top of the Swedish Albums Chart with their debut studio album Det här är bara början

Västra Götaland County
Västra Götaland County  (Swedish: Västra Götalands län) is a county or län on the western coast of Sweden.

The county is the second most populous of Sweden's counties and it comprises 49 municipalities (kommuner). Its population of 1,616,000 amounts to 17% of Sweden's population. The formal capital and seat of the governor of Västra Götaland County is Gothenburg. The political capital and seat of the Västra Götaland Regional Council is Vänersborg.

The county was established on 1 January 1998, when Älvsborg County, Gothenburg and Bohus County and Skaraborg County were merged.
Agedashi dōfu
Agedashi dōfu (揚げ出し豆腐, "lightly deep-fried tofu") is a Japanese hot tofu dish. Soft or medium-firm silken tofu (kinugoshi) is cut into cubes, before being lightly dusted with potato starch or cornstarch and then deep-fried until golden brown. It is then served in a hot broth (tentsuyu) made of dashi, mirin, and shō-yu (Japanese soy sauce), with finely-chopped negi (a type of spring onion) and grated daikon or katsuobushi (dried skipjack tuna flakes) sprinkled on top.

Mirin
Mirin (味醂 or みりん; Japanese: [miɾiɴ]) is a type of rice wine and a common ingredient in Japanese cooking. It is similar to sake but with a lower alcohol content and higher sugar content. The sugar content is a complex carbohydrate that forms naturally during the fermentation process; no sugars are added. The alcohol content is further lowered when the liquid is heated.
Port Orchard, Washington
Port Orchard is a city in and the county seat of Kitsap County, Washington, United States. It is located 13 miles (21 km) due west of West Seattle and south from Bremerton across Sinclair Inlet. Port Orchard is connected to Seattle and Vashon Island via the Washington State Ferries run to Southworth. The city is named after Port Orchard, the strait that separates Bainbridge Island from the Kitsap Peninsula.

The population was 15,587 in the 2020 census, and estimated to be 17,089 in 2022. Together with its two major suburbs, East Port Orchard and Parkwood, the population is over 28,000.

Vashon, Washington
Vashon (/ˈvæʃɒn/) is a census-designated place (CDP) in King County, Washington, United States. It covers an island alternately called Vashon Island or Vashon–Maury Island, the largest island in Puget Sound south of Admiralty Inlet. Before the construction of a tombolo built in 1913, Vashon Island and Maury Island were connected only during low tide; now they are considered a tied island.

The CDP's population was 11,055 at the 2020 census, up from 10,624 in 2010. The CDP covers an area of 36.9 square miles (95.6 km2).

The island is connected to West Seattle and the Kitsap Peninsula to the north and Tacoma to the south via the Washington State Ferries system, as well as to Downtown Seattle via the King County Water Taxi. The island has resisted the construction of a fixed bridge to preserve its relative isolation and rural character. Vashon Island is also known for its annual strawberry festival, sheepdog trials, and agriculture.
Development (music)
In music, development is a process by which a musical idea is transformed and restated in the course of a composition. Certain central ideas are repeated in different contexts or in altered form so that the listener can consciously or unconsciously compare the various statements of the idea, often in surprising or ironic manners. This practice has its roots in counterpoint, where a theme or subject might create an impression of a pleasing or affective sort, but delight the mind further as its contrapuntal capabilities are gradually unveiled in a fugal development.

Development is often contrasted with musical variation, which is a slightly different means to the same end. Development is carried out upon portions of material treated in many different presentations and combinations at a time, while variation depends upon one type of presentation at a time.

The development is the middle section of the sonata form, between the exposition and the recapitulation.

Transformation (music)
In music, a transformation consists of any operation or process that may apply to a musical variable (usually a set or tone row in twelve tone music, or a melody or chord progression in tonal music), or rhythm in composition, performance, or analysis. Transformations include multiplication, rotation, permutation (i.e. transposition, inversion, and retrograde), prolation (augmentation, diminution) and combinations thereof.

Transformations may also be applied to simpler or more complex variables such as interval and spectrum or timbre.
The Josephine Baker Story
The Josephine Baker Story is an American television film that first aired on HBO on March 16, 1991. It stars Lynn Whitfield as Josephine Baker, an international African-American star, who was especially successful in Europe. The film was generally well-received by critics and has become a success on home video and DVD. The original music score was composed by Georges Delerue.

Georges Delerue
Georges Delerue (12 March 1925 – 20 March 1992; [ʒɔʁʒ dɛlʁy]) was a French composer who composed over 350 scores for cinema and television. Delerue won numerous important film music awards, including an Academy Award for A Little Romance (1979), three César Awards (1979, 1980, 1981), two ASCAP Awards (1988, 1990), and one Gemini Award for Sword of Gideon (1986). He was also nominated for four additional Academy Awards for Anne of the Thousand Days (1969), The Day of the Dolphin (1973), Julia (1977), and Agnes of God (1985), four additional César Awards, three Golden Globe Awards, and one Genie Award for Black Robe (1991).

The French newspaper Le Figaro named him "the Mozart of cinema." Delerue was the first composer to win three consecutive César Awards for Get Out Your Handkerchiefs (1978), Love on the Run (1979), and The Last Metro (1980). Georges Delerue was named Commander of Arts and Letters, one of France's highest honours.