hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Facet syndrome
Facet syndrome is a syndrome in which the facet joints (synovial diarthroses) cause painful symptoms. In conjunction with degenerative disc disease, a distinct but functionally related condition, facet arthropathy is believed to be one of the most common causes of lower back pain.

Synovial joint
A synovial joint, also known as diarthrosis, joins bones or cartilage with a fibrous joint capsule that is continuous with the periosteum of the joined bones, constitutes the outer boundary of a synovial cavity, and surrounds the bones' articulating surfaces. This joint unites long bones and permits free bone movement and greater mobility. The synovial cavity/joint is filled with synovial fluid. The joint capsule is made up of an outer layer of fibrous membrane, which keeps the bones together structurally, and an inner layer, the synovial membrane, which seals in the synovial fluid.

They are the most common and most movable type of joint in the body. As with most other joints, synovial joints achieve movement at the point of contact of the articulating bones. They originated 400 million years ago in the first jawed vertebrates.
Fried ice cream
Fried ice cream is a dessert made of a scoop of ice cream that is frozen hard, then breaded or coated in a batter before being quickly deep-fried, creating a warm, crispy shell around the still-cold ice cream.  It is common in Chinese and Mexican cuisine.

Batter (cooking)
Batter is a flour mixture with liquid and other ingredients such as sugar, salt, egg, milk and leavening used for cooking. Batters are a pourable consistency that cannot be kneaded.
 Batter is most often used for cake, pancakes and as a coating for fried foods. It is also used for a variety of batter breads.

The word batter comes from the French word battre, which means to beat, as many batters require vigorous beating or whisking in their preparation.
Milliard (surname)
Milliard is a surname of French origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Charles Milliard (born 1979), Canadian-Quebec politician

Ralph Milliard (born 1973), Dutch baseball player

Victor Milliard (1844–1921), French politician

Charles Milliard
Charles Milliard (born September 10, 1979) is a Canadian politician, businessman, and pharmacist who has served as the leader of the Quebec Liberal Party since 2026. He was the president of the Quebec Federation of Chambers of Commerce (FCCQ) from 2020 to 2024.
Solomon Chamberlin
Solomon Chamberlin (July 30, 1788 – 1862) was the first person to evangelize the printed Book of Mormon. He preached from proof sheets during a tour among Baptists and Reformed Methodists in New York and Upper Canada while the Grandin press in Palmyra, New York, prepared volumes for publication. Prior to his encounter with the Book of Mormon, Chamberlin published his own visionary experience as A Sketch of the Experience of Solomon Chamberlin (1829).

Chamberlin traveled to what would become Utah in 1847 as part of the Brigham Young Vanguard Company.

Palmyra, New York
Palmyra (/ˌpælˈmaɪrə/) is a town in southwestern Wayne County, New York, United States.  The population was 7,975 at the 2010 census. The town is named after the ancient city Palmyra in Syria.

The town contains a village also named Palmyra. The town is about 20 miles (32 km) southeast of Rochester, New York.
Badiali
Badiali is a frazione of the comune of Città di Castello in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 317 metres above sea level. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 it had 322 inhabitants.

Province of Perugia
The province of Perugia (Italian: provincia di Perugia) is the larger of the two provinces in the Umbria region of Italy, comprising two-thirds of both the area and population of the region. Its capital is the city of Perugia. The province covered all of Umbria until 1927, when the province of Terni was carved out of its southern third. The province of Perugia has an area of 6,337 km2 and a total population of 636,531 as of 2025, covering about two-thirds of Umbria. It has 59 municipalities.

The province has numerous tourist attractions, especially artistic and historical ones, and is home to the Lake Trasimeno, the largest lake of Central Italy. It is historically the ancestral origin of the Umbri, while later it was a Roman province and then part of the Papal States until the late 19th century.
Fritz Gäbler
Fritz Gäbler (12 January 1897 – 26 March 1974) was an East German communist politician. 
In 1932, he was a representative in the Thuringia state parliament. Gäbler was imprisoned for most of the Nazi era, having been one of the first prisoners in Nohra concentration camp. After the war, he became a member of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany, where he was chairman of the Central Auditing Commission. In 1987 he was commemorated by having a stamp designed with his face on it in East Germany.

Central Auditing Commission of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany
The Central Auditing Commission (German: Zentrale Revisionskommission) (ZRK) was a body of the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) mainly tasked with ensuring orderly party finances and work of the party organs.

Compared to the Central Party Control Commission, which enforced party discipline, the ZRK's power was limited.
Logic Studio
Logic Studio is a discontinued professional music production suite by Apple Inc. The first version of Logic Studio was unveiled on September 12, 2007.
It claims to be the largest collection of modeled instruments, sampler instruments, effect plug-ins, and audio loops ever put in a single application.

The package contains Logic Pro, Mainstage, Soundtrack Pro, WaveBurner, Studio Instruments, Studio Effects, Apple Loops, Apple Loops Utility, Impulse Response Utility, Compressor, and QuickTime Pro. It also contains 6 content DVDs containing Jam Pack collections, sound effects, surround music beds, EXS24 samples, and impulse response files and a demo content DVD.

On December 8, 2011, it was announced that the boxed version of Logic Studio suite would be discontinued. Instead, Logic Pro and Mainstage would be sold separately on the Mac App Store. Soundtrack Pro was discontinued as part of the move.

Mac App Store
The Mac App Store (also known as the App Store) is a digital distribution platform for macOS apps, often referred to as Mac apps, created and maintained by Apple. The platform was announced on October 20, 2010, at Apple's "Back to the Mac" event. Apple began accepting app submissions from registered developers on November 3, 2010, in preparation for its launch.

The Mac App Store was launched on January 6, 2011, as part of the free Mac OS X 10.6.6 update for all current Snow Leopard users. After 24 hours of release, Apple announced that there were over one million downloads.
Husky Field (Houston Christian Baseball)
Husky Field is a baseball venue on the campus of Houston Christian University in Houston, Texas, United States. It is home to the Houston Christian Huskies baseball team of the NCAA Division I Southland Conference. Opened in 1993, it has a capacity of 500 spectators. The facility features a press box, natural grass surface, a covered warm-up area connected to the home bullpen, and a 7,200 square-foot indoor facility located down the right field line. Lights were added around the perimeter of the field in late-2024, allowing for night games to be played beginning in 2025. The first home night game in ballpark history took place on February 14, 2025 against Central Michigan. Husky Field hosted the 2008 Red River Athletic Conference Baseball Tournament and the 2007 NAIA Region IV Tournament. The facility also hosted the best-of-three championship round of the 2025 Southland Conference baseball tournament.

2025 Southland Conference baseball tournament
The 2025 Southland Conference baseball tournament was May 15 through 18 and May 22–23. The top eight regular season finishers of the league's eleven teams met in double-elimination tournaments held at the home fields of the #1 and #2 seeded teams, which were Southeastern Louisiana and UTRGV. The finals were held at the home field of the highest remaining seeded team, which was Husky Field (Houston Christian). Houston Christian won the championship round by sweeping New Orleans 2–0.
Néstor Pérez
Néstor Pérez Alonso (born 24 November 1976) is a baseball manager and former professional player who played as a shortstop. He was most recently manager of the Augusta GreenJackets, the Low-A East affiliate of the Atlanta Braves. Born in Cuba, he represented Spain internationally.

Pérez began his career in the Serie Nacional de Béisbol before defecting to the United States. He signed with the Tampa Bay Devil Rays organization in 1998, playing with the team’s minor league system until 2005. During the 2005 season, he had a brief stint with the Colorado Rockies Double-A affiliate before returning to Tampa Bay to finish both the season and his Minor League Baseball (MiLB) career.

After leaving Minor League Baseball, Pérez played in the División de Honor de Béisbol, the highest level of baseball in Spain.

Augusta GreenJackets
The Augusta GreenJackets are a Minor League Baseball team of the Carolina League and the Single-A affiliate of the Atlanta Braves. They play their home games at SRP Park in North Augusta, South Carolina.

The team began play in 1988 as the Augusta Pirates, a member of the South Atlantic League, when the Macon Pirates relocated to Augusta, Georgia. They rebranded to the GreenJackets after the 1993 season. As a part of the 2021 reorganization of the minor leagues, the GreenJackets were moved to the Carolina League.
Miktam
Miktam or Michtam (Hebrew: מִכְתָּם) is a word of unknown meaning found in the headings of Psalms 16 and 56–60 in the Hebrew Bible. These six Psalms, and many others, are associated with King David, but this tradition is more likely to be sentimental than historical. They may have formed one of several smaller collections of psalms which preceded the present psalter and on which it was based.

Miktam corresponds to the Babylonian nakamu, lid, a metal cover for a vessel, but efforts to derive a meaning for the term in the Psalms have not been convincing. "When Eben Esra connected the Hebrew miktam with the word kéthem, gold, he was at any rate inspired. Other explanations of miktam which have come down through the LXX translators, the Targums and the Latin versions only show how completely the rubric had been forgotten."

In modern Hebrew, the word has come to mean "epigram", and numerous collections of Hebrew epigrams have used that word in their titles.

Abraham ibn Ezra
Abraham ben Meir Ibn Ezra (Hebrew: ר׳ אַבְרָהָם בֶּן מֵאִיר אִבְּן עֶזְרָא, romanized: ʾAḇrāhām ben Mēʾir ʾibən ʾEzrāʾ, often abbreviated as ראב״ע; Arabic: إبراهيم المجيد ابن عزرا Ibrāhim al-Mājid ibn Ezra; also known as Abenezra or simply ibn Ezra, 1089 / 1092 – 27 January 1164 / 23 January 1167) was one of the most distinguished Jewish biblical commentators and philosophers of the Middle Ages. He was born in Tudela, Taifa of Zaragoza (now Navarre).
Bernardo (surname)
Bernardo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bernardo Bernardo (1941–2018), Filipino veteran stage actor, comedian, and film director

Bernardo Tavares (born 1980), Portuguese football manager

José-Miguel Bernardo (born 1950), Spanish statistician

Joseph Bernardo (1929–2023), French swimmer

Kathryn Bernardo (born 1996), Filipina actress

Mariano Bernardo (born 1988), Brazilian footballer

Mike Bernardo (1969–2012), South African kickboxer and boxer

Noah Bernardo (born 1972), drummer and a founding member of the San Diego–based band P.O.D.

Paul Bernardo (born 1964), Canadian serial killer and rapist

Samantha Bernardo (born 1992), Filipina beauty pageant titleholder, Binibining Pilipinas Grand International 2020, and 1st runner up Miss Grand International 2020

Mike Bernardo
Michael Shawn Bernardo (28 July 1969 – 14 February 2012) was a South African kickboxer and boxer from Cape Town. Bernardo was known as Beru-chan in Japan, where he has taken part in K-1 World GPs since 1994. He holds notable wins over Mirko Cro Cop, Andy Hug (2×), Francisco Filho, Branko Cikatic, Stan Longinidis, Gary Goodridge and three consecutive wins over K-1 legend Peter Aerts.
Ushi-oni
The ushi-oni (牛鬼; ox oni; ox demon), or gyūki, is a yōkai from the folklore of western Japan. The folklore describes more than one kind of ushi-oni, but the depiction of a bovine-headed monster occurs in most. Ushi-oni generally appear on beaches and attack people who walk there.

Uwajima, Ehime
Uwajima (宇和島市, Uwajima-shi) is a city located in Ehime Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 September 2022, the city had an estimated population of 70,440 in 35429 households and a population density of 150 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 468.19 square kilometres (180.77 sq mi).
Slavina, Postojna
Slavina (pronounced [ˈslaːʋina]; German: Slawina, Italian: Villa Slavina) is a village south of Postojna on the way to Pivka in the Inner Carniola region of Slovenia.

The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary and belongs to the Koper Diocese.

Diocese of Koper
The Diocese of Koper (Latin: Dioecesis Iustinopolitana; Slovene: Škofija Koper; Italian: Diocesi di Capodistria) is a Latin Church diocese of the Catholic Church in southwestern Slovenia. It is part of the ecclesiastical province of Ljubljana. Its cathedral is dedicated to the Assumption of Mary and is located in the Adriatic port town of Koper. A co-cathedral, the Co-Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, located in Nova Gorica, gained its status in 2004. The Latin name of the diocese, Dioecesis Iustinopolitana, is because Koper was in the past named Justinopolis in honour of the Byzantine emperor Justinian II.
Windrow (surname)
Windrow is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

George C. Windrow (1931–2019), American politician and soldier

John Edwin Windrow (1899–1984), American educator

Martin Windrow (1944–2025), British historian, editor, and author

Martin Windrow
Martin C. Windrow (1944-2025) was a British historian, editor and author of several hundred books, articles and monographs, particularly those on organizational or physical details of military history, and the history of the post-war French Foreign Legion. His most notable works include The Last Valley, an account of the Battle of Dien Bien Phu during the First Indochina War, which was published in 2004 to "critical acclaim", and Our Friends beneath the Sands published in 2010.
Jack Davis (playwright)
Jack Leonard Davis AM, BEM (11 March 1917 – 17 March 2000) was an Australian 20th-century Aboriginal playwright, poet and Aboriginal Australian activist.

His work incorporates themes of Aboriginality and their identity. It also includes many Aboriginal traditions and cultural practises. (Made By Reuben Horne)

While known for his literary work, Davis did not focus on writing until his fifties. His writing centred around the Aboriginal experience in relation to the settlement of white Australians. His collection of poems The First Born (1970) was his first work to be published, and made him the first Aboriginal Australian man and second Aboriginal person to have published poetry.  He later focused his writing on plays, starting with Kullark, which was first performed in 1979. His plays were recognised internationally and were performed in Canada and England.

British Empire Medal
The British Empire Medal (BEM; formerly British Empire Medal for Meritorious Service) is a British and Commonwealth award for meritorious civil or military service worthy of recognition by the Crown. The current honour was created in 1922 to replace the original medal, which had been established in 1917 as part of the Order of the British Empire.
Ditto Ram
Sowar Ditto Ram, GC (1915 – 23 July 1944) was a soldier of the 21st King George V's Own Horse, British Indian Army, who was posthumously awarded the George Cross in the Second World War. He received the award for his gallantry in helping a wounded comrade on 23 July 1944 in the vicinity of Monterchi (Arezzo province) in Italy.

Ditto Ram, who was also known as Ram Ditto, was born in Gehrota, Gurdaspur in India, the son of Sawan Singh and Phoolan.

Sowar
Sowar (Urdu: سوار, also sawar or siwar meaning "the one who rides" or "rider", from Persian sawār, from the Sasanid Persian Aswār, from the Achaemenid Persian Asabāra) was originally a rank during the Mughal Empire. Later, during the British Raj, it was the name in Anglo-Indian usage for a horse-soldier belonging to the cavalry troops of the native armies of British India and the feudal states. It is also used more specifically of a mounted orderly, escort or guard. It was also the rank held by ordinary cavalry troopers, equivalent to sepoy in the infantry — this rank has been inherited by the modern armies of India and Pakistan. The rank higher is Acting Lance Daffadar.
Lasse Aasland
Lasse Aasland (15 August 1926 – 13 June 2001) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

Aasland served as a state secretary in the ministry of transport and communications from 1971 to 1972 as a part of the first cabinet of Trygve Bratteli. Later he was appointed state secretary in the ministry of defence in a reshuffle on 1 December 1974 in Trygve Bratteli's second cabinet. Aasland was in office until 15 January 1976. His interment was at Oslo Western Civil Cemetery.

Trygve Bratteli
Trygve Martin Bratteli (11 January 1910 – 20 November 1984) was a Norwegian newspaper editor, a politician with the Norwegian Labour Party, and Nazi concentration camp survivor. He served as the prime minister of Norway from 1971 to 1972 and again from 1973 to 1976. He was president of the Nordic Council in 1978.
Shadow of Darkness
Shadow of Darkness (Khmer: ស្រមោលអន្ធការ, romanized: Sramol anthokear; alternatively Sror Morl Anthakal) is a 1989 Cambodian historical drama film written and directed by Yvon Hem. It is the first Cambodian film to be set during the Democratic Kampuchea era, as previous films about the period such as The Killing Fields and Nine Circles of Hell were from foreign countries. The film tells the fictional story of Visal, who survived the tragic execution of his family by the Khmer Rouge and escapes toward Vietnam.

Romanization of Khmer
The romanization of Khmer is a representation of the Khmer (Cambodian) language using letters of the Latin alphabet. This is most commonly done with Khmer proper nouns, such as names of people and geographical names, as in a gazetteer.
Ayala Malls Manila Bay
Ayala Malls Manila Bay (formerly Ayala Malls Bay Area) is a large shopping mall in Metro Manila, developed by Ayala Malls, a wholly owned subsidiary of Ayala Corporation. Opened on September 26, 2019, it is the first and only Ayala Mall in Parañaque. It is located in the Aseana City township development in Bay City, a reclamation area on Manila Bay. With a total floor area measuring 400,000 m2 (4,300,000 sq ft), it is the largest Ayala Mall and the fifth largest shopping mall in the Philippines, tied with Festival Mall.

Festival Alabang
Festival Alabang (also known as Festival Mall, formerly known as Festival Supermall, and colloquially known as Festi), is a large shopping mall owned and operated by Filinvest Land, Inc. It is located at Filinvest City (formerly Filinvest Corporate City) in Alabang, Muntinlupa, the Philippines. It opened on May 15, 1998. The mall has a gross floor area of 400,000 square meters (4,300,000 sq ft), gross leasable area of 170,000 square meters (1,800,000 sq ft), and is the fifth largest mall in the Philippines.

In the first quarter of 2014, the mall completed the initial phase of its upgrading and rebranding efforts that began in 2013. Called the River Park, the initial phase of Festival Supermall's grand expansion is part of the mall's four-level expansion to keep up with the current growth in the country's retail industry.
Nordic Society for Middle Eastern Studies
The Nordic Society for Middle Eastern Studies is a learned society formed in 1989 that is devoted to the promotion of the academic study of the Middle East in the Nordic region. The NSMES arranges an academic conference on Middle Eastern studies, held every three years in a different Nordic country, initially in Sweden, Denmark, Finland, and Norway. The 2016 conference was hosted by the University of Southern Denmark in Odense, and the 2019 conference was at the University of Helsinki in Helsinki, Finland. After the University of Iceland started a Middle Eastern Studies program in 2015, Iceland joined the other Nordic countries in the NSMES, and the 2022 conference was held in Reykjavik. The current chairperson of the Nordic Society is Mark Sedgwick.

Learned society
A learned society (/ˈlɜːrnɪd/ LEHRN-id; also scholarly, intellectual, or academic society) is an organization that exists to promote an academic discipline, profession, or a group of related disciplines such as the arts and sciences. Membership may be open to all, may require possession of some qualification, or may be an honour conferred by election.

Most learned societies are non-profit organizations, and many are professional associations. Their activities typically include holding regular conferences for the presentation and discussion of new research results, and publishing or sponsoring academic journals in their discipline. Some also act as professional bodies, regulating the activities of their members in the public interest or the collective interest of the membership.
Qué Pretendes
"Qué Pretendes" (stylized in uppercase; transl. "Who Do You Think You Are?") is a song by Colombian singer J Balvin and Puerto Rican rapper Bad Bunny. The song was released on 28 June 2019, through Universal Music Latino, as the lead single from their collaborative album Oasis (2019). The song marks the pair's third collaboration on a non-remix single following 2018's "I Like It" with Cardi B.

Universal Music Latin Entertainment
Universal Music Latin Entertainment (UMLE), also known as Universal Música, is the Latin music division of Universal Music Group (UMG), founded in 2008. Headquartered in Los Angeles, with offices in Miami, it oversees the marketing and distribution of Latin music in the US (including Puerto Rico) and Mexico.

UMLE includes labels such as Universal Music Latino, Fonovisa Records, Universal Music México, Capitol Latin, Machete Music, and Disa Records. The division was formed after UMG acquired Univision Music Group and merged it with its roster of Latin artists and catalog.
Shade-grown coffee
Shade-grown coffee is a form of crop produced from coffee plants grown under a canopy of trees. A canopy of assorted types of shade trees is created to cultivate shade-grown coffee.  Because it incorporates principles of natural ecology to promote natural ecological relationships, shade-grown coffee can be considered an offshoot of agricultural permaculture or agroforestry. The resulting coffee can be marketed as "shade-grown".

Hypothenemus hampei
Hypothenemus hampei, the coffee berry borer, is a small beetle native to Africa. It is the most harmful insect pest of coffee worldwide. Spanish common names of the insect include barrenador del café (coffee borer), gorgojo del café (coffee weevil), and broca del café (coffee drill).
Anna-Elisabeth von Treuenfels-Frowein
Anna-Elisabeth von Treuenfels-Frowein (née von der Decken; born 13 May 1962) is a German politician from the Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU). She represents Blankenese in the Hamburg Parliament.

2015 Hamburg state election
The 2015 Hamburg state election was held on 15 February 2015 to elect the members of the 21st Hamburg Parliament. The incumbent Social Democratic Party (SPD) government led by First Mayor Olaf Scholz lost its majority. The SPD subsequently formed a coalition government with The Greens, and Scholz continued in office.