hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lincoln, Vermont
Lincoln is a town in Addison County, Vermont, United States. Lincoln is at the base of Mount Abraham in the Green Mountains. It was settled by Quakers in the late 18th century. The population was 1,323 at the 2020 census. Lincoln is known for its rural beauty and its proximity to two Vermont ski areas, Mad River Glen and Sugarbush.

Sugarbush Resort
Sugarbush Resort is a ski resort located in the Mad River valley in Warren, Vermont, owned by Alterra Mountain Company.  It is one of the largest ski resorts in New England.  The resort encompasses more than 4000 acres (16 km²), including 484 trail acres (2.34 km²) skiable,  53 miles (85 km) of trails, and 16 ski lifts.  Sugarbush has 111 ski trails, 18 additional marked wooded areas, and substantial off-piste skiing and riding The summit elevation is 4,083 ft (1,244 m), and it has a vertical drop of 2,600 feet (790 m),  the second largest in Vermont after Killington, and the third largest in New England after Killington and Sugarloaf.
National Black Chamber of Commerce
The National Black Chamber of Commerce (NBCC) was incorporated as The National Black Chamber of Commerce, Inc., in 1993.  It is a nonprofit, nonpartisan, nonsectarian organization dedicated to the economic empowerment of African American communities.  Additionally, the organization indicates that it represents the views of its members regarding economic and political policy issues; domestically and internationally.  It is organized as a 501(c) corporation and has at least 190 chapters within the United States.  The NBCC also has international chapters in the Bahamas, Brazil, Colombia, Ghana and Jamaica.  As with all Chambers of Commerce, affiliate branches are committed to carrying out the goals of the main Chamber within their areas.

However, the organization is largely funded by non-African American businesses on behalf of whose interests it often lobbies, such as the fossil fuel, telecommunications, and tobacco industries, and has sometimes been accused of being a front group.

Front organization
A front organization is any entity set up by and controlled by another organization that acts for the parent group without the actions being attributed to the parent group, thereby allowing them to hide certain activities from the authorities or the public.
Bijela Monastery
The Bijela Monastery (Serbian: Манастир Бијела, romanized: Manastir Bijela) is a Serbian Orthodox monastery near Bijela village in Šavnik, modern-day Montenegro. The monastery was first mentioned in 1656 while according to some legends it was built in 1010 by duke Vulović from Bijela and ban Kozlina of Tušina, financially supported by Jovan Vladimir. The reconstruction of the monastery began at the end of the 20th century. Its church is dedicated to Saint George, a saint of Drobnjaci clan.

Tušina
The Tušina (Serbian Cyrillic: Тушина) is one of the five rivers in the municipality of Šavnik, Montenegro. It is made of many streams that meet under Somina and Krnja Jela mountains. It is 10 km long. It is one of the tributaries of the Bukovica.
Law and Order (1940 film)
Law and Order is a 1940 American Western film directed by Ray Taylor and starring Johnny Mack Brown, Nell O'Day and James Craig. It was produced as a second feature by Universal Pictures. Shooting took place at Universal Studios and the Iverson Ranch. The film's sets were designed by the art director Jack Otterson.

Movie ranch
A movie ranch is a ranch that is at least partially dedicated for use as a set in the creation and production of motion pictures and television shows. These were developed in the United States in southern California, because of the climate.

Movie ranches were developed in the 1920s for location shooting in Southern California to support the making of popular Western films. Finding it difficult to recreate the topography of the Old West on sound stages and studio backlots, the Hollywood studios went to the rustic valleys, canyons and foothills of Southern California for filming locations. Other large-scale productions, such as war films, also needed large, undeveloped settings for outdoor scenes, such as battles.
Battle of Polvoraria
The Battle of Polvoraria took place in 878 between troops of the Kingdom of Asturias under Alfonso III of Asturias and a Muslim army of the Emirate of Córdoba under Emir Muhammad I of Córdoba. It occurred near the confluence of the Orbigo and Esla rivers and was an Asturian victory.

Alfonso III of Asturias
Alfonso III (c. 848 – 20 December 910), called the Great (Spanish: el Magno), was king of Asturias from 866 until his death. He was the son and successor of Ordoño I. After his death, the Kingdom of Asturias was split between his sons, with García inheriting León, Ordoño inheriting Galicia, and Fruela inheriting Asturias.

In later sources, he is the earliest to be called "Emperor of Spain." He was also titled "Prince of all Galicia" (Princeps totius Galletiae).
Staffordstown railway station
Staffordstown railway station was on the Belfast and Ballymena Railway which ran from Cookstown Junction to Cookstown in Northern Ireland.  It was located on the Ballynamullan Road in the townland of Ballynamullan, Cargin, near Toome.

Toome
Toome or Toomebridge (from Irish Tuaim, meaning 'tumulus') is a village and townland on the northwest corner of Lough Neagh in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It lies in the civil parish of Duneane in the former barony of Toome Upper, and is in Dunsilly electoral area of Antrim and Newtownabbey Borough Council. It had a population of 1,017 in the 2021 census.
Tadeusz Wojciechowski
Tadeusz Wojciechowski (b. 13 June 1838 in Kraków, d. 21 November 1919 in Lwów) was a Polish historian, professor, and rector of the University of Lwów (now Lviv, Ukraine; then in the Austro-Hungary). One of the founders of the Polish Historical Society and a member of the Academy of Learning. Medievalist. Deputy to the Austrian Herrenhaus. Buried at the Lychakivskiy Cemetery.

Academy of Learning
Academy of Learning (Polish: Akademia Umiejętności; AU) was a primary Polish scientific institution during the annexation of Poland established in 1871.  It was founded in Kraków as a continuation of the Kraków Scientific Society (Towarzystwo Naukowe Krakowskie). The institution began activity two years later, in 1873. At first, it focused on scholars from Kraków, however, it soon expanded its activity to Polish scholars from all annexed territories, along with Polish emigration. Its main goals were to organize, support and conduct learning, plus represent Polish scientists and scholars from all over the world.

AU changed its statute and in 1919 began activity as the Polish Academy of Learning (Polska Akademia Umiejętności; PAU) after Poland's independence was restored.
Xantusia gilberti
Xantusia gilberti, also known commonly as the Baja California night lizard and la nocturna de Baja California in Mexican Spanish, is a species of small lizard in the family Xantusiidae. The species is native to the southern Baja California Peninsula of Mexico.

Night lizard
Night lizards (family Xantusiidae) are a group of small scincomorph lizards native to North America, averaging from less than 4 cm (1.6 in) to over 12 cm (4.7 in) snout–vent length. Most species are viviparous (live-bearing), with the exception of those in the genus Cricosaura. The family has only three living genera, with approximately 34 living species. The genera are divided by geographic range: Xantusia in southwestern North America and Baja California, Cricosaura in Cuba, and Lepidophyma, the most populous night lizard genus, in Central America.
Pinturas River Canyon
The Pinturas River Canyon (Spanish: Cañadón Río Pinturas) is a canyon located 160 km from the town of Perito Moreno in Santa Cruz, Argentina. It is home to the Pinturas River, which carved the canyon through eroding the Chon Aike Formation. Native populations inhabited the region, painting many works of rock art, some of which can still be seen today. The most famous of these rock art sites is the Cueva de las Manos, a cave site with ancient art whose creation dates back up to 13,000 years ago. This rock art, and Cueva de las Manos in particular, brings lots of tourism to the canyon.

Perito Moreno, Santa Cruz
Perito Moreno is a town in the northwest of Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, 25 km east of Lake Buenos Aires. It should not be confused with the Perito Moreno National Park over 300 km south by road, or the Perito Moreno Glacier near El Calafate. The town is the capital of the Lago Buenos Aires Department. It lies on the RN43, a paved road which links Caleta Olivia on the Atlantic coast to Los Antiguos and the Chilean frontier 60 km west, and Ruta 40, running north and south.

The town is a centre of cattle ranches and smallholdings producing fruit and vegetables.  Tourism is also an important industry.  Perito Moreno is the closest town to Cueva de las Manos, 170 km south by road, and Parque Laguna.

In the 2022 census the town had a population of 7,812.
Avesta Ketamine and Wellness
Avesta Ketamine and Wellness is an American healthcare company that runs clinics specializing in ketamine therapy for mental health and chronic pain in the Washington metropolitan area in the United States.

It was established in 2018 by Dr. Ladan Eshkevari, PhD, CRNA, L.Ac., an American academic and healthcare professional.

The company has clinics in Washington, D.C., Bethesda, Maryland, Columbia, Maryland and Tysons, Virginia.

Washington metropolitan area
The Washington metropolitan area (also referred to as the National Capital Region, Greater Washington, or locally as the DMV, short for District of Columbia, Maryland, and Virginia) is the metropolitan area comprising Washington, D.C., the federal capital of the United States, and its surroundings. The metropolitan area includes all of Washington, D.C., and parts of Maryland, Virginia and even West Virginia.

The United States federal government defines the area as the Washington–DC, VA–MD–WV metropolitan statistical area. It anchors the southern end of the densely populated Northeast megalopolis and is part of the Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area, the country's third-largest. The area's estimated total population of 6,304,975 (as of 2023) makes it the country's seventh-most populous metropolitan area. It is one of the country's most educated and affluent metropolitan areas.
Ian Wilkie
Ian Wilkie (born July 20, 1949) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey goaltender. He played in the World Hockey Association (WHA) for the New York Raiders, Los Angeles Sharks, and Edmonton Oilers.

Born in Edmonton, Alberta, Wilkie played major junior hockey with the hometown Edmonton Oil Kings, joining the team for the 1966–67 season, and was their starting goaltender from 1967–68 to 1969–70.

Wilkie's son is Edmonton-based firefighter and politician Jordan Wilkie.

Los Angeles Sharks
The Los Angeles Sharks were an ice hockey team that played in the World Hockey Association (WHA) from 1972 to 1974.  Their primary home arena was the Los Angeles Memorial Sports Arena but they sometimes played at the Long Beach Sports Arena when the Sports Arena had other contractual obligations.  After the 1973–74 season, the franchise moved to Detroit to become the Michigan Stags and again mid-season to Baltimore to become the Baltimore Blades.

The franchise was originally meant to be called the Los Angeles Aces, but took the "Sharks" name after the proposed San Francisco Sharks franchise (not to be confused with the current NHL San Jose Sharks) was transferred to Quebec and became the Nordiques before the WHA began play. They kept the original colors from the name Aces; red and black being the colors of the suits in a deck of cards.
False bottom
A false bottom (or false back) is an internal partition in a container, typically at the bottom of a drawer, suitcase or similar item, enabling the concealment of objects from a cursory examination of the item's contents. A false bottom may be present if the internal dimensions of a container do not match its external dimensions after taking into account the thicknesses of constituent materials and structures used to build the object.

The term false bottom can also refer to the deep scattering layer in the ocean, a phenomenon where a layer of marine organisms deep in the ocean can be mistaken by sonar for the seabed. In Polar research, the false bottom refers to the type of thin sea ice which is formed underwater at the interface of low-salinity meltwater and saline seawater, typically during summer season.

Observational study
In fields such as epidemiology, social sciences, psychology  and statistics, an observational study draws inferences from a sample to a population where the independent variable is not under the control of the researcher because of ethical concerns or logistical constraints. One common observational study is about the possible effect of a treatment on subjects, where the assignment of subjects into a treated group versus a control group is outside the control of the investigator. This is in contrast with experiments, such as randomized controlled trials, where each subject is randomly assigned to a treated group or a control group. Observational studies, for lacking an assignment mechanism, naturally present difficulties for inferential analysis.
Ganei Yehuda
Ganei Yehuda (Hebrew: גני יהודה, lit. 'Gardens of Judah') was a moshav founded in 1950 in the Ono Valley, adjacent to the cities of Yehud and Kiryat Ono. It was named after the biblical figure Judah whom was the fourth son of Jacob and Leah and the founder of the Israelite Tribe of Judah.

In 2003 Ganei Yehuda was merged into Savyon.

Both Savyon and Ganei Yehuda are located on land that had belonged to the Palestinian village of al-'Abbasiyya, which was depopulated in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War.

Kiryat Ono
Kiryat Ono (Hebrew: קִרְיַת אוֹנוֹ) is a city in the Tel Aviv District of Israel. It is located 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) east of Tel Aviv. In 2023 it had a population of 43,310.

Modern Kiryat Ono is adjacent to the biblical Ono, which was located in what is now the area of Or Yehuda.
West Virginia Symphony Orchestra
The West Virginia Symphony Orchestra is a professional  orchestra that performs primarily at the Clay Center in Charleston, West Virginia. The orchestra performs over 50 concerts annually around the state of West Virginia, and has a nationally award-winning education program.  The orchestra has played with such soloists as Itzhak Perlman, Isaac Stern, Yo-Yo Ma, Emanuel Ax, Marilyn Horne, and Kathleen Battle.  In addition to regular season concerts, The Orchestra offers several programs such as the Symphony Chorus and Young People's Concerts. West Virginia Symphony Orchestra is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization.

Kathleen Battle
Kathleen Deanna Battle (born August 13, 1948) is an American operatic soprano known for her distinctive vocal range and tone. Born in Portsmouth, Ohio, Battle initially became known for her work within the concert repertoire through performances with major orchestras during the early and mid-1970s. She made her opera debut in 1975. Battle expanded her repertoire into lyric soprano and coloratura soprano roles during the 1980s and early 1990s, until her eventual dismissal from the Metropolitan Opera in 1994. She later focused on recording and the concert stage. After a 22-year absence from the Met, Battle performed a concert of spirituals at the Metropolitan Opera House in November 2016, and again in May 2024.
Isabelle Kabatu
Isabelle Kabatu (born 1970) is a Belgian operatic soprano with a father from Belgian Congo and a Belgian mother. She has appeared internationally, with a focus on the Italian repertoire such as Verdi's La traviata and Aida, and Puccini's Manon Lescaut and Tosca. She appeared as Bess in Gershwin's Porgy and Bess beginning at the Houston Grand Opera and touring the world. In 2012, she appeared in the world premiere of Franck's early work Stradella.

José Carreras
Josep Maria Carreras Coll (Catalan: [ʒuˈzɛb məˈɾi.ə kəˈreɾəs ˈkɔʎ]; born 5 December 1946), better known as José Carreras (/kəˈrɛərəs/, Spanish: [xoˈse kaˈreɾas]), is a Spanish operatic tenor who is particularly known for his performances in the operas of Donizetti, Verdi and Puccini.

Born in Barcelona, he made his debut on the operatic stage at 11 as Trujamán in Manuel de Falla's El retablo de Maese Pedro, and went on to a career that encompassed over 60 roles, performing in the world's leading opera houses and on numerous recordings. He gained fame with a wider audience as one of the Three Tenors, with Plácido Domingo and Luciano Pavarotti, in a series of large concerts from 1990 to 2003. He is also known for his humanitarian work as president of the José Carreras International Leukaemia Foundation (La Fundació Internacional Josep Carreras per a la Lluita contra la Leucèmia), which he established following his own recovery from the disease in 1988.
Frédéric Caudron
Frédéric Caudron (born 27 January 1968 in Mons, Belgium) is a Belgian professional three-cushion billiards player, nicknamed "L'Extraterrestre" ("The Extraterrestrial"). He won the UMB World Three-cushion Championship in 1999, 2013, 2017 and 2025. He also won the Sang Lee International Open two consecutive times (2006 and 2007), the CEB European Championship twice (2002 and 2006), as well as 53 Belgian national titles. His highest three cushions run is 28 (15 April 2013 Brandenburg, GERMANY) and his best game average is 6.666 (40 points in 6 innings).

UMB World Three-cushion Championship
The UMB World Three-cushion Championship is a professional carom billiards tournament in the discipline of three-cushion billiards, organized mostly annually by the Union Mondiale de Billard (UMB). Until 1953 it was organized by the UIFAB (Union Internationale des Federations d'Amateurs de Billard). During a dispute between the UMB and Billiards World Cup Association (BWA), the UMB decided not to organize the championship between 1988 and 1993. Instead the overall winner of the World Cup was announced as also the world champion.: p785

From 1928 to 1958 and from 1985 to 1987, matches were played as a single frame with a run to 50 points (or 60 points between 1960 and 1984). From 1994 to 2011 the tournament was played in a set-system, the winner achieving the best of five. Since 2012 it has been changed back to a single frame with the run to 40 points.
Kateland
Kateland is a historic house in unincorporated Grant Parish, Louisiana located about 4.6 miles (7.4 km) miles north of the town of Boyce in neighborhing Rapides Parish.

Built in 1830, it is a rambling house started as an open dogtrot. It is the only known surviving antebellum structure in Grant Parish.

In the 1880s, the dogtrot corridor was enclosed and the house was extended.  A rear extension with a side gallery was built in about 1900, and that gallery was enclosed in the 1920s, when the front gallery's columns were also replaced.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 12, 1984.

Grant Parish, Louisiana
Grant Parish is a parish located in the North Central portion of the U.S. state of Louisiana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 22,169. The parish seat is Colfax. The parish was founded in 1869 during the Reconstruction era.

Grant Parish is part of the Alexandria, LA Metropolitan Statistical Area and Red River Valley. From 1940 to 1960, the parish had a dramatic population loss, as many African Americans from the plantation areas left in the Great Migration to seek better opportunities in the North and West. Such migration continued until about 1970. One of the eleven parishes organized during Reconstruction, Grant was created from parts of Winn and Rapides parishes.

Grant Parish is the site of United States Penitentiary, Pollock.
Bob Fitzgerald
Robert James Fitzgerald (born May 14, 1966) is an American sports broadcaster who is currently the TV play-by-play announcer for the NBA's Golden State Warriors on NBC Sports Bay Area and was a co-host of the radio talk show Fitz and Brooks on KNBR with Rod Brooks.

NBC Sports Bay Area
NBC Sports Bay Area (sometimes abbreviated as NBCS Bay Area) is an American regional sports network owned as a joint venture between NBCUniversal and the San Francisco Giants, and operates as an affiliate of NBC Sports Regional Networks. Headquartered in San Francisco, the channel broadcasts regional coverage of professional sports events throughout the San Francisco Bay Area. NBCS Bay Area's sister channel is NBC Sports California. The president of the network is Ted Griggs.
Andronikos I of Trebizond
Andronikos I Gidos (Greek: Ανδρόνικος Κομνηνός Γίδος, romanized: Andronikos Komnēnos Gidos), Latinized as Andronicus I Gidus or Gidon, was an Emperor of Trebizond (1222–1235). He is the only ruler of Trebizond who was not a blood relative of the founder of that state, Alexios I Megas Komnenos. George Finlay suggests he may be the same Andronikos who was a general of Theodore I Laskaris. During his reign, Trebizond successfully withstood a siege of the city by the Seljuk Turks, and later supported the Khwarazmshah in the latter's unsuccessful battle with the Seljuks.

Khwarazmshah
Khwarazmshah was an ancient title used regularly by the rulers of the Central Asian region of Khwarazm starting from the Late Antiquity until the advent of the Mongols in the early 13th-century, after which it was used infrequently. There were a total of four families who ruled as Khwarazmshahs—the Afrighids (305–995), Ma'munids (995–1017), the line of Altuntash (1017–1041), and the most prominent ones, the Anushteginids (1097–1231). Like other contemporary Central Asian titles, such as Afshin and Ikhshid, the title of Khwarazmshah is of Iranian origin.
Alexis-Vincent-Charles Berbiguier de Terre-Neuve du Thym
Alexis-Vincent-Charles Berbiguier de Terre-Neuve du Thym or better known as M. Berbiguier (1765 – December 3, 1851) was a French author and demonologist who may have had psychosis.

He was born, and died, in Carpentras in Southern France, and was the heir to an estate, which he used to finance the publication of his unusual memoirs.  He is remembered chiefly for his lengthy autobiography, Les farfadets ou Tous les démons ne sont pas de l'autre monde ("The Imps; or, All the demons are not from the other world"), originally published in three volumes between 1818 and 1820.  The book was handsomely illustrated by a series of lithographs whose originals were sketched by Berbiguier himself.

French occultist Jacques Collin de Plancy used   Berbiguier as his source for his own work, Dictionnaire Infernal, although Collin de Plancy  had stated Berbiguier is unreliable at best. Collin de Plancy also nicknamed Berbiguier as "Don Quixote of demon".

Demonology
Demonology is the study of demons within religious belief and myth. Depending on context, it can refer to studies within theology, religious doctrine, or occultism. In many faiths, it concerns the study of a hierarchy of demons. Demons may be nonhuman separable souls, or discarnate spirits which have never inhabited a body. A sharp distinction is often drawn between these two classes, notably by the Melanesians, several African groups, and others. The jinns, for example, are not reducible to modified human souls. At the same time, these classes are frequently conceived as producing identical results, e.g., diseases.