hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Five Islands Nature Reserve
The Five Islands Nature Reserve is a protected nature reserve located in the Tasman Sea, off the Illawarra east coast of the state of New South Wales, Australia. The 26-hectare (64-acre) reserve comprises five continental islands that are situated between 0.5 and 3.5 kilometres (0.31 and 2.17 mi) east of Port Kembla. The Five Islands are Flinders Islet (Toothbrush Island), Bass Islet, Martin Islet, Big Island (also called Rabbit or Perkins Island) and Rocky Islet.

Tasman Sea
The Tasman Sea is a marginal sea of the South Pacific Ocean, situated between Australia and New Zealand. It measures about 2,000 km (1,200 mi) across and about 2,800 km (1,700 mi) from north to south. The sea was named after the Dutch explorer Abel Janszoon Tasman, who in 1642 was the first known European to cross it. British explorer Lieutenant James Cook later extensively navigated the Tasman Sea in the 1770s during his three voyages of exploration.

The Māori people of New Zealand call this sea Te Moana-a-Rehua meaning 'the sea of Rehua' which clashes with the Pacific waters named Te Tai-o-Whitirea ('the sea of Whitirea') – after Whitirea, Rehua's lover – at Cape Reinga, the northernmost tip of North Island.
Ostmark Danzig
Ostmark Danzig was a German association football club from the city of Danzig, West Prussia (today Gdańsk, Poland). Established at 1. September 1909, the club was notable only for its advance to the regional first division Baltenverband final in 1910–11. After receiving a quarterfinal bye, the team beat SV Marienwerder before losing the championship match 4–2 to Lituania Tilsit. The team disappeared following World War II when the city became part of Poland.

Baltic football championship
The Baltic football championship (German: Baltische Fußball Meisterschaft) was the highest association football competition in the Prussian provinces of East Prussia, Pomerania and West Prussia. The competition was disbanded in 1933.

It should not be confused with the Baltic Cup, a competition for the national teams of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Instead, the competition was named after the Baltic Sea, its clubs mostly based on the shore of this sea.
Durant High School (Oklahoma)
Durant High School (also known as Durant High and DHS) is a public secondary school in Durant, Oklahoma, serving grades 9, 10, 11, and 12. The school is part of the Durant Independent School District. Durant's mascot is the Lion. The high school has approximately 1,000 students, making it one of the largest high schools in Southeastern Oklahoma.

Durant, Oklahoma
Durant (/duːrænt/) is a city in and the county seat of Bryan County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 18,589 in the 2020 census. It is the home of the headquarters of the Choctaw Nation, and is the largest settlement on the reservation, ranking ahead of McAlester and Poteau. Durant is the principal city of the Durant Micropolitan Statistical Area, which had a population of 46,067 in 2020. Durant is also part of the Dallas–Fort Worth Combined Statistical Area, anchoring the northern edge.

The city was founded by Dixon Durant, a Choctaw who lived in the area, after the MK&T railroad came through the Indian Territory in the early 1870s. It became the county seat of Bryan County in 1907 after Oklahoma statehood.

Durant is home to Southeastern Oklahoma State University and the headquarters of the Choctaw Nation. The city is officially known as the Magnolia Capital of Oklahoma. The city and its micropolitan are a major part of the Texoma region.
Nissan Titan
The Nissan Titan is a full-size pickup truck which was manufactured by Nissan USA in Canton, Mississippi for the North American market from September 2003 to November 2024 over two generations. The first generation was produced for the 2004-2015 model years (MY), with an intermediate refresh for MY 2008. The second generation was made for MY 2016-2024, with production beginning in November 2015 and an intermediate refresh for MY 2020. Both generations have an extended cab or crew cab design, with the second-generation also having a two-door regular cab variant. The Titan has a V8 engine which is mounted in the front and either rear-wheel drive or four-wheel drive, with the second generation adding a diesel engine alongside a revised version of the gasoline engine used in the first generation.

Front-engine design
Front-engine design is an automotive design where the engine is in the front side of the car, connected to the wheels via a drive shaft. The main types of Front engine design are:

Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout, the traditional automotive layout for most of the 20th century.

Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout, which became dominant in passenger cars by the late 20th century.

Front-engine, four-wheel-drive layout.

Advantage of front engine design is better cabin space for passengers, and also bigger boot space. Disadvantage is that more weight of the car goes on front wheels and less weight goes on the rear wheels, that causes understeer.
St John's College, Fiji
Saint John's College (commonly called St. Johns College Cawaci) is a Roman Catholic secondary school, located in Cawaci, on the island of Ovalau, in the province of Lomaiviti, Fiji.

It is a co-educational boarding school. While administered by the Catholic Archdiocese, it also accepts non-Catholic students and apart from priests, nuns and brothers of religious orders, has government-paid staff.

Lomaiviti Province
Lomaiviti Province (Fijian pronunciation: [lomaiˈβitʃi]) is one of the 14 provinces of Fiji. Administratively, it forms part of Fiji's Eastern Division and of the Kubuna Confederacy, one of three traditional chiefly hierarchies in Fiji.

Geographically it consists of the Lomaiviti Islands and has a total land area of 411 square kilometers.
Martin Pickford
Martin Pickford (born 1943) is a lecturer in the Chair of Paleoanthropology and Prehistory at the Collège de France and honorary affiliate at the Département Histoire de la Terre in the Muséum national d'Histoire. In 2001, Martin Pickford together with Brigitte Senut and their team discovered Orrorin tugenensis, a hominid primate species dated between 5.8 and 6.2 million years ago and a potential ancestor of the genus Australopithecus.

National Museum of Natural History, France
In France, the National Museum of Natural History (French: Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle [myzeɔm nɑsjɔnal distwaʁ natyʁɛl]; MNHN) is the national natural history museum of France and a grand établissement of higher education part of Sorbonne University. The main museum, with four galleries,  is located in Paris, France, within the Jardin des Plantes on the left bank of the River Seine. It was formally founded in 1793, during the French Revolution, but was begun even earlier in 1635 as the royal garden of medicinal plants. The museum now has 14 sites throughout France.

Since the 2014 reform, it has been headed by a chairman, assisted by deputy managing directors. The Museum has a staff of approximately 2,350 members, including six hundred researchers. It is a member of the national network of naturalist collections (RECOLNAT).
Essex Police
Essex Police is a territorial police force responsible for policing the county of Essex, in the East of England. Essex Police is responsible for a population of over 1.8 million people and an area of 1,420 square miles (3,700 km2).

The chief constable is Ben-Julian Harrington, who took up the appointment in October 2018.

Essex and Kent Police share support services, such as administration, fleet and a Serious Crime Directorate (SCD). It's currently led by Assistant Chief Constable Andy Pritchard who works across both force areas. The collaboration between them began in 2010.

Essex Police are overseen by the elected Essex Police, Fire and Crime Commissioner, Roger Hirst.

East of England
The East of England is one of nine official regions of England at the first level of ITL for statistical purposes.  It consists of the ceremonial counties of Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk and Suffolk. The northern part of the region, consisting of Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire, is known as East Anglia. The latter region has been considered an informal region in its own right due to its differing cultural identity.

The population of the East of England in 2024 was 6,576,306. Bedford, Luton, Basildon, Peterborough, Southend-on-Sea, Norwich, Ipswich, Colchester, Chelmsford and Cambridge are the most populous settlements. Peterborough is the largest city in the East of England at 215,000. The southern part of the region lies in the London commuter belt.
Melissa McMahon
Melissa Fay McMahon (born 15 May 1976) is an Australian politician. She has been the Labor member for Macalister in the Queensland Legislative Assembly since 2017. She is a member of the Parliamentary Crime and Corruption Committee (PCCC) and the Legal Affairs and Community Safety Committee (LACSC) of the Queensland Parliament.

Electoral district of Macalister
Macalister is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Queensland. It was created in the 2017 redistribution, and was first contested at the 2017 Queensland state election. It is named after the second Queensland Premier, Arthur Macalister.

Located in Logan City, Macalister consists of the suburbs of Bahrs Scrub, Bannockburn, Beenleigh, Carbrook, Cornubia, Eagleby, Edens Landing, Holmview, Mount Warren Park, Windaroo and parts of the suburbs of Loganholme and Waterford.

It takes in areas from the previous districts of Albert, Coomera, Redlands, Springwood and Waterford.

Based on the results from the 2015 Queensland state election, Macalister was estimated to be a fairly safe seat for the Labor Party with a margin of 6.4% in the leadup to the 2017 Queensland state election.
Bassus (poet)
Bassus was a writer of ancient Rome who wrote Latin poetry, often with mythological themes. He lived in the 1st century CE.

Bassus was a contemporary of the writer Martial, and the subject of one of his epigrams, which itself is a pastiche or winking variation on an earlier epigram by the Greek writer Lucillius.

In it, taken at face value, it seems that Martial is advising a mythologically minded peer on a change of subject matter, to stop writing so much about Medea, Thyestes, Niobe, and Andromache, and instead consider as themes Deucalion (a titan associated with the flood myth) and Phaethon (child of the sun god Helios).

When read in light of the earlier Lucillius epigram, it is obvious that Martial is advising Bassus to either throw his poems in the water or burn them.

Latin poetry
The history of Latin poetry can be understood as the adaptation of Greek models. The verse comedies of Plautus, the earliest surviving examples of Latin literature, are estimated to have been composed around 205–184 BC.
Ara Qui
Ara Qui (Persian: آراقويي, also Romanized as Ārā Qū’ī) is a village in Atrak Rural District, Dashli Borun District, Gonbad-e Qabus County, Golestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 269, in 44 families.

Golestan province
Golestan province is one of the 31 provinces of Iran, located in the northeast of the country and southeast of the Caspian Sea. Its capital is the city of Gorgan, formerly called Esterabad until 1937. Golestan was split off from Mazandaran Province in 1997.

Golestan province borders Turkmenistan to the north. One of the key border points between the two countries is Incheh Borun, which serves as a vital crossing point.

The province was made a part of Region 1 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions, solely for coordination and development purposes, on 22 June 2014. The majority of its population are Shia Muslims.
Sizihwan Tunnel
The Sizihwan Tunnel (traditional Chinese: 西子灣隧道; simplified Chinese: 西子湾隧道; pinyin: Xīzǐwān Suìdào) is a tunnel in Gushan District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. It links National Sun Yat-sen University and Linhai Road in Hamasen.

Hamasen
Hamasing (Chinese: 哈瑪星; pinyin: Hāmǎxīng) or Hamasen (濱線) is a historic urban area of Kaohsiung, Taiwan. It is located in the southern end of Gushan District between the foot of Ape Hill and Yancheng District, another historic quarter.
Twin pattern
In software engineering, the Twin pattern is a software design pattern that allows developers to model multiple inheritance in programming languages that do not support multiple inheritance.  This pattern avoids many of the problems with multiple inheritance.

Multiple inheritance
Multiple inheritance is a feature of some object-oriented computer programming languages in which an object or class can inherit features from more than one parent object or parent class. It is distinct from single inheritance, where an object or class may only inherit from one particular object or class.

Multiple inheritance has been a controversial issue for many years, with opponents pointing to its increased complexity and ambiguity in situations such as the "diamond problem", where it may be ambiguous as to which parent class a particular feature is inherited from if more than one parent class implements said feature. This can be addressed in various ways, including using virtual inheritance. Alternate methods of object composition not based on inheritance such as mixins and traits have also been proposed to address the ambiguity.
William S. Taylor (American football)
William S. Taylor was an American college football and college basketball coach and athletics administrator. He served as the head football coach at Samuel Huston College in Austin, Texas from 1926 to 1927, Morgan College (now known as Morgan State University) in 1928, Lincoln University in Oxford, Pennsylvania from 1929 to 1931, Maryland Normal and Industrial School at Bowie (now known as Bowie State University), and Arkansas Agricultural, Mechanical & Normal College (Arkansas AM&N; now known as the University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff) from 1937 to 1941. Taylor was also the athletic director at Lincoln from 1929 to 1932.

Taylor's 1926 Samuel Huston team won the Southwestern Athletic Conference title. in 1937, Taylor married Amber B. L. Greene. The two had met at Bowie State Normal School while Taylor served as athletic director and Green was the school's librarian.

University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff
The University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff (UAPB) is a public historically black university in Pine Bluff, Arkansas. Founded in 1873, it is the second oldest public college or university in Arkansas. It was one of about 180 "normal schools" established by state governments in the 19th century to train teachers for the rapidly growing public common schools.  UAPB is part of the University of Arkansas System and Thurgood Marshall College Fund.
George Schuyler
George Samuel Schuyler (/ˈskaɪlər/; February 25, 1895 – August 31, 1977) was an American writer, journalist, and social commentator. Known for his outspoken political conservatism and acerbic wit, he was frequently compared with H.L. Mencken. Schuyler began his career in the early 1920s within the progressive black political mainstream as a popular columnist, but maintained a contrarian, maverick position on many contemporary black developments, including the Harlem Renaissance. He became increasingly conservative over the following decades, eventually becoming a Bircher and resolute opponent of the Civil Rights Movement. Alienated from the black mainstream, he died in relative obscurity in 1977. He was the father of noted pianist and journalist Philippa Schuyler.

Social commentary
Social commentary is the act of using rhetorical means to provide commentary on social, cultural, political, or economic issues in a society. This is often done with the idea of implementing or promoting change by informing the general populace about a given problem and appealing to people's sense of justice. Social commentary can be practiced through all forms of communication, from printed form, to conversations to computerized communication, including visual arts, photography, literature, public speaking, music, film, television, comic strips, and digital media.  Examples range from visual art like graffiti addressing social issues, photography documenting humanitarian crises, literary and film works critiquing social injustices, dystopian fiction exploring societal control, rap music highlighting racial and economic disparities, to internet-based platforms fostering open discussions.
Dil Se Mile Dil
Dil Se Mile Dil is a 1978 Hindi movie. Produced and directed by Bhisham Kohli (of Chalte Chalte fame), the film stars Vishal Anand, Shyamlee, Om Shivpuri, Lalita Pawar and Mehmood. The film was a surprise hit, but did nothing for Vishal Anand's career. Vishal Anand was a nephew of Dev Anand.

Lalita Pawar
Lalita Pawar (née Amba Laxmanrao Shagun; 18 April 1916 – 24 February 1998) was a prolific Indian actress, who later became famous as a character actress, appearing in over 700 films in Hindi, Marathi and Gujarati cinema. She holds a Guinness world record of longest acting career spanning over 70 years. Pawar won the Filmfare Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in the comedy-drama Anari. She featured in hit films such as Netaji Palkar (1938), made by Bhalji Pendharkar, New Hana Pictures' Sant Damaji, Navyug Chitrapat's Amrit, written by VS Khandekar, and Chhaya Films' Gora Kumbhar. Her other memorable roles were in the films Anari (1959), Shri 420 and Mr & Mrs 55, and the role of Manthara, in Ramanand Sagar's television epic serial Ramayan.
Army Air Forces Gunnery Schools
Army Air Forces Gunnery Schools were World War II organizations for training personnel in the skill of aerial gunnery. The several schools existed at domestic Army Airfields and gunnery ranges (3 schools opened in 1941).: 20

"Flexible Gunnery" training developed diverse skills for various aircraft and differing positions within bombers, e.g., waist gunner, rear gunner, etc. (fixed gunnery training was used for tbd.)  "The number of graduates had reached 19,789 by 7 July 1943, with another 57,176 men completing the course by the end of the year.": 20   For example, at Las Vegas Army Airfield 600 gunnery students and 215 co-pilots were graduated every five weeks at the height of World War II.  Training started on the ground using mounted shotguns with fixed arcs of fire, and then shotguns mounted on the backs of trucks, which were driven through a course. Then the students went up in the bombers, shooting at targets pulled by other aircraft.

To be announced
To be announced (TBA) is a placeholder  term used very broadly in event planning to indicate that although something is scheduled or expected to happen, a particular aspect of it remains to be fixed or set. Other versions of the term include to be confirmed (TBC) and to be determined, discussed, defined, decided, declared, or done (TBD).
Hannes Altrov
Hannes Altrov (born 2 January 1944 in Põltsamaa) is an Estonian clarinetist.

In 1968, he graduated from Tallinn State Conservatory.

Since 1967, he has been worked at Estonian National Symphony Orchestra, and since 1977, he is the orchestra's main clarnetist.

Since 1974, he is teaching at Tallinn State Conservatory (later Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre).

Awards:

1981 ESSR Honored Worker in Arts

2012 Order of the White Star, IV class.

Estonian National Symphony Orchestra
The Estonian National Symphony Orchestra (Estonian: Eesti Riiklik Sümfooniaorkester [ERSO]) (formerly known as the Symphony Orchestra of the Estonian Radio Committee, Estonian Radio Symphony Orchestra, and the Estonian SSR State Symphony Orchestra) is a symphony orchestra based in Tallinn, Estonia.
Islamic dynasties of Iran
This is a list of kings of Iran of the medieval Islamic period, AD 820 to 1432, arranged genealogically.

For the early Islamic period before 820, see:

Umayyad dynasty, 661–750

Abbasid dynasty, 750–1258 (brief/nominal ruling since 820)

For the period after 1506, see:

Timurid dynasty, 1370–1506

Turkomans: Qara Qoyunlu (1375–1468) and Ak Koyunlu (1378–1508)

Safavid dynasty, 1502–1736

Afsharid dynasty, 1736–1796

Zand dynasty, 1750–1794

Qajar dynasty, 1794–1925

Pahlavi dynasty, 1925–1979

See also Monarchism in Iran.

Abbasid dynasty
The Abbasid dynasty, or Abbasids, (Arabic: بنو العباس, romanized: Banu al-ʿAbbās) was an Arab dynasty that ruled the third Islamic caliphate between 750 and 1258. They were from the Qurayshi Hashimid clan of Banu Abbas, descended from Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib. The Abbasid Caliphate is divided into three main periods: Early Abbasid era (750–861), Middle Abbasid era (861–936) and Later Abbasid era (936–1258). A cadet branch of the dynasty also ruled as ceremonial rulers for the Mamluk Sultanate (1261–1517) until their conquest by the Ottoman Empire.
Fall of X
"Fall of X" is a 2023 relaunch of the X-Men line of American comic books published by Marvel Comics. It is the sequel to the "Destiny of X" publishing initiative, and is the final initiative in the Krakoan Age of the X-Men. The phase started with the third annual Hellfire Gala (July 2023) and culminated in the dual interconnected miniseries Fall of the House of X and Rise of the Powers of X (January 2024 – May 2024). The phase's final issue, X-Men #35 (legacy Uncanny X-Men #700) was released in June 2024. It is followed by the line relaunch X-Men: From the Ashes.

During the Fall of X, mutantkind's unparalleled growth and prosperity on the island nation Krakoa is threatened by the human supremacist organization Orchis.

Krakoa
Krakoa is a fictional living island appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, typically in storylines featuring the X-Men. It first appeared in Giant-Size X-Men #1 (May 1975) and was created by writer Len Wein and artist Dave Cockrum. While often depicted as an antagonist, Krakoa later featured as having grown into a sentient habitat for the mutant nation that shared its name during the "Krakoan Age" storylines that ran from 2019 to 2024.
2012 Challenge Bell – Doubles
Raquel Kops-Jones and Abigail Spears were the defending champions, but decided not to participate this year.

Tatjana Malek and Kristina Mladenovic won the title, defeating Alicja Rosolska and Heather Watson 7–6(7–5), 6–7(6–8), [10–7] in the final.

Heather Watson
Heather Miriam Watson (born 19 May 1992) is a British professional tennis player. A former British No. 1, Watson has won nine titles over her career, including the mixed-doubles title at the 2016 Wimbledon Championships, partnering Henri Kontinen, making her the first British woman to win a major title since Jo Durie in 1991, and the first to win a Wimbledon title since Durie in 1987. In October 2012, Watson won her first WTA Tour singles title at the Japan Women's Open, becoming the first British woman to win a WTA tournament singles title since Sara Gomer in 1988.

In her junior career, Watson won the US Open and a gold medal at the 2008 Commonwealth Youth Games. She reached No. 3 in the world on the ITF Junior Circuit.
R17 (New York City Subway car)
The R17 was a New York City Subway car model built by the St. Louis Car Company in 1954 for the IRT A Division. A total of 400 cars were built, arranged as single units. Two versions were manufactured: Westinghouse (WH)-powered cars and General Electric (GE)-powered cars.

The first R17s entered service on October 10, 1955. Originally painted maroon red, the R17s subsequently received several different paint schemes, including bright red, platinum mist/blue, or plain white. The R17s were replaced by the R62As in the 1980s, and the final train of R17s ran on February 29, 1988. Some R17 cars were saved for various purposes, but most were scrapped.

St. Louis Car Company
38°42′38″N 90°13′32″W﻿ / ﻿38.710668°N 90.225509°W﻿ / 38.710668; -90.225509

The St. Louis Car Company was a major United States manufacturer of railroad passenger cars, streetcars, interurbans, trolleybuses and locomotives. Based in St. Louis, Missouri, it operated from 1887 to 1974.

Among its most successful products were the Birney Safety Car, made from 1915 until 1930, and the PCC streetcar, from 1936 to 1952.