hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
G7521 Chongqing–Guiyang Expressway
The G7521 Chongqing–Guiyang Expressway (Chinese: 重庆至贵阳高速公路), also referred to as the Yuzhu Expressway (Chinese: 渝筑高速公路), is an expressway in China that connects the direct-administered municipality of Chongqing to the cities of Zunyi and Guiyang in the province of Guizhou.

Zunyi
Zunyi (simplified Chinese: 遵义; traditional Chinese: 遵義; pinyin: Zūnyì) is a prefecture-level city in northern Guizhou province, People's Republic of China, situated between the provincial capital Guiyang to the south and Chongqing to the north, also bordering Sichuan to the northwest. Along with Guiyang and Liupanshui, it is one of the most important cities of the province. The metro area is made of three urban districts of the city, Huichuan, Honghuagang, and Bozhou, had a population of 2,360,549 people. The whole prefecture, including 14 county-level administration area as a whole, had a population of 6,606,675 at the 2020 census.

Zunyi is known for being the location  of the Zunyi Conference in 1935, where Mao Zedong was first elected to the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party during the Long March.
CHSLD Herron
CHSLD Herron, also known as Résidence Herron, was a long-term care facility (French: centre d'hébergement de soins de longue durée) located in Dorval, Quebec, Canada; a suburb of Montreal; near Lake Saint Louis. The property was acquired by Katasa Groupe in 2015.

The facility gained attention in April 2020 during the coronavirus pandemic, as it was reported that most staff had abandoned the facility, leading to a police investigation and government takeover of the facility that exposed deaths and neglect of residents.

Dorval
Dorval (/dɔːrˈvæl/; French: [dɔʁval] ⓘ) is an on-island suburban city on the island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec, Canada. In 2016, the Canadian Census indicated that the population increased by 4.2% to 18,980. Although the city has the largest surface area in Montréal’s west side, it is among the least densely populated. Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport constitutes about 60% of the city's land; consequently, all of Dorval's population is concentrated in the southern part of the city.

Dorval is the oldest city in the west side of Montréal, having been founded in 1667, and one of the oldest in Canada and North America.
Subir Das
Subir Das is a Professor of Theoretical Physics at the Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research in Bangalore, India. His primary area of research is statistical mechanics of systems close to phase transitions.

Das received his PhD from Jawaharlal Nehru University in 2002. Subsequently, he worked as a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Mainz, Germany, with Kurt Binder and Juergen Horbach (2002-2005), and at the University of Maryland, USA, with Michael Fisher (2005-2007). Since 2007 he is a faculty member at Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research in Bangalore, India.

His research interests are in phase transition and critical phenomena.

University of Mainz
The Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (German: Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz) is a public research university in Mainz, Rhineland Palatinate, Germany. It has been named after the printer Johannes Gutenberg since 1946. As of 2018, it had approximately 32,000 students enrolled in around 100 academic programs. The university is organized into 11 faculties.

The university is a member of the German U15, a group of fifteen major research and medical universities in Germany. It also participates in the IT-Cluster Rhine-Main-Neckar and forms part of the Rhine-Main-Universities (RMU) along with Goethe University Frankfurt and Technische Universität Darmstadt.

The first university of Mainz was founded in 1477, it is one of the oldest universities in Europe, although it was later closed and re-founded 148 years later.
Swanwick, Illinois
Swanwick is an unincorporated community in Perry County, Illinois, United States. Swanwick is located on Illinois Route 13, 4 miles (6.4 km) east-southeast of Coulterville. Swanwick once had a post office, which closed on October 15, 1988.

Illinois Route 13
Illinois Route 13 (IL 13) is a major east–west state route in southern Illinois. Illinois 13 has its western terminus at Cahokia Heights at Illinois Route 157 and its eastern terminus at the Kentucky state line and the Ohio River, at Kentucky Route 56. This is a distance of 151.54 miles (243.88 km).
Coenogonium urceolatum
Coenogonium urceolatum is a rare species of corticlous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Coenogoniaceae. Found in western Tasmania, it was formally described as a new species in 2018 by lichenologists Gintaras Kantvilas, Eimy Rivas Plata, and Robert Lücking. The type specimen was collected by the first author near Piney Creek, about 10 kilometres (6.2 miles) north of Zeehan, where it was found in a cool temperate rainforest, growing on an old, dry, shaded trunk of Nothofagus cunninghamii. It is only known from the type collection. The lichen has a pale greyish-greenish thallus (15–30 μm thick) lacking a prothallus. The species epithet refers to its characteristic small, urn-shaped (urceolate), orange apothecia.

Gintaras Kantvilas
Gintaras Kantvilas (born 1956) is an Australian lichenologist, who earned his Ph.D. in 1985 from the University of Tasmania with the thesis Studies on Tasmanian rainforest lichens. He has authored over 432 species names, and 167 genera in the field of mycology.

Kanvilas completed his secondary education at St Virgil's College in Hobart in 1973.

In 1985, he was working for the Tasmanian National Parks and Wildlife Service. In 1987 he was listing his affiliation as Department of Botany, University of Tasmania, in addition to the Tasmanian National Parks and Wildlife Service. By 2001 his affiliation was listed as the Tasmanian Herbarium, and this has continued until at least 2018.

The lichen genera Gintarasia and Kantvilasia are named in his honour.

The standard author abbreviation Kantvilas is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
A Question of Adultery
A Question of Adultery (U.S. title: The Case of Mrs. Loring) is a 1958 British drama film directed by Don Chaffey and starring Julie London and Anthony Steel.

It was written by Anne Edwards, based on the 1948 play Breach of Marriage by Dan Sutherland.  A novelisation of the film was written by Gordon Wellesley.

The controversial nature of the film led to it being given an X rating in the UK and rated "Condemned" by the US Roman Catholic Legion of Decency, leading to the film being delayed for release in the United States.

Gordon Wellesley
Gordon Wong Wellesley (8 December 1894 – 1980) was an Australian-born screenwriter and writer of Chinese descent. Born in Sydney in 1894 He wrote over thirty screenplays in the United States and Britain, often collaborating with the director Carol Reed. He began his career in Hollywood in the early 1930s and worked in Britain beginning about 1935. He was married to the scriptwriter Katherine Strueby. He was nominated for an Oscar for Best Writing, Original Story at the 1942 Oscars for Night Train to Munich, which was based on his novel, Report on a Fugitive.
Loupe (software)
Loupe, also known as Image Viewer, is an image viewer created for the GNOME desktop environment. It first appeared on December 26, 2020. With the GNOME 45 update, Loupe became GNOME's default image viewer, replacing Eye of GNOME.

Like its predecessor, Loupe offers various options for viewing images. These include standard options such as zooming, rotation, and transparency. Other features include touchscreen support, metadata info, and sandboxed decoding.

GNOME
GNOME (/ɡəˈnoʊm, ˈnoʊm/) is a free and open-source desktop environment for Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. It is distributed as the default desktop environment of many major Linux distributions, including Debian, Fedora Linux, Ubuntu, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, and SUSE Linux Enterprise, and is the default in Oracle Solaris, a Unix operating system.

GNOME is developed by the GNOME Project, which is composed of both volunteers and paid contributors, the largest corporate contributor being Red Hat. It is an international project that aims to develop frameworks for software development, to program end-user applications based on these frameworks, and to coordinate efforts for the internationalization, localization, and accessibility of that software.

In 2023 and 2024, GNOME received €1,000,000 from Germany's Sovereign Tech Fund.
Nancy Rigdon
Nancy Rigdon (December 8, 1822 – November 1, 1887) was the daughter of Sidney Rigdon, an early leader in the Latter-day Saint Movement. In 1842, she was the recipient of a controversial letter written by Joseph Smith, after she refused his offer of polygamous marriage.

Willard Richards
Willard Richards (June 24, 1804 – March 11, 1854) was an early leader in the Latter Day Saint movement. He served as second counselor to church president Brigham Young in the First Presidency of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1847 until his death.
Haris Seferovic
Haris Seferovic (Bosnian: Haris Seferović, pronounced [xǎːris sefěːroʋitɕ]; born 22 February 1992) is a Swiss professional footballer who plays as a striker for Dubai United.

Seferovic made his professional debut at Grasshopper in April 2009. Shortly afterwards, in January 2010, he was signed by Italian club Fiorentina. Much of his time at the latter club was spent out on loan, with a successful spell at Novara in Serie B, followed by a transfer to Real Sociedad of Spain in 2013. A year later, he joined German club Eintracht Frankfurt, with whom he spent three seasons before a transfer to Benfica in Portugal. He made over 180 appearances and scored over 70 goals for the club, winning the Bola de Prata for top scorer as the team won the Primeira Liga in 2018–19.

A full international since 2013, Seferovic represented Switzerland at the FIFA World Cup in 2014, 2018 and 2022, and the UEFA European Championship in 2016 and 2020, earning over 90 caps.

UAE President's Cup
The UAE President's Cup, or simply the President Cup, is a football tournament that takes place in United Arab Emirates, between clubs in the UAE Pro League and the UAE First Division League. The winner qualifies for the preliminary stage of AFC Champions League Elite.
Salomon Drejer
Salomon Thomas Nicolai Drejer (15 February 1813 in Eveldrup, Viborg – 21 April 1842 in Copenhagen) was a Danish botanist. He was a friend of Japetus Steenstrup.

He was recognized as an expert on sedges, being credited with describing numerous species within the genus Carex. Together with Jens Vahl and Joakim Frederik Schouw, Salomon Drejer was the publisher of Flora Danica fasc. 38.

Two plant genera have been named in his honour:

Drejerella, Lindau in Acanthaceae.

Drejera, Nees in Acanthaceae.

Justicia (plant)
Justicia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae. It is the largest genus within the family, with over 900 accepted species. They are native to tropical to warm temperate regions of the Americas, India, and Africa. The genus serves as host to many butterfly species, such as Anartia fatima.  Common names include water-willow and shrimp plant, the latter from the inflorescences, which resemble a shrimp in some species. The generic name honours Scottish horticulturist James Justice (1698–1763). They are closely related to Pachystachys.
Radical 155
Radical 155 or radical red (赤部) meaning "red" or "bare" is one of the 20 Kangxi radicals (214 radicals in total) composed of 7 strokes.

In the Kangxi Dictionary, there are 31 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical.

赤 is also the 151st indexing component in the Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components predominantly adopted by Simplified Chinese dictionaries published in mainland China.

Chinese character radicals
A radical (Chinese: 部首; pinyin: bùshǒu; lit. 'section header'), or indexing component, is a visually prominent component of a Chinese character under which the character is traditionally listed in a Chinese dictionary. The radical for a character is typically a semantic component, but it can also be another structural component or an artificially extracted portion of the character. In some cases, the original semantic or phonological connection has become obscure, owing to changes in the meaning or pronunciation of the character over time.

The use of the English term radical is based on an analogy between the structure of Chinese characters and the inflection of words in European languages. Radicals are also sometimes called classifiers, but this name is more commonly applied to the grammatical measure words in Chinese.
Timur Husein
Timur Husein (born 25 October 1980) is a German politician serving as a member of the Berlin House of Representatives since 2023. He has served as chairman of the Christian Democratic Union in Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg since 2019.

Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg
Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg (German: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪçsˌhaɪn ˈkʁɔʏtsbɛʁk] ⓘ) is the second borough of Berlin, formed in 2001 by merging the former East Berlin borough of Friedrichshain and the former West Berlin borough of Kreuzberg. The historic Oberbaum Bridge, formerly a Berlin border crossing for pedestrians, links both districts across the river Spree as the new borough's landmark (as featured in the coat of arms).

The counterculture tradition especially of Kreuzberg has led to the borough being a stronghold for the Green Party. While Kreuzberg is characterised by a high number of immigrants, the share of non-German citizens in Friedrichshain is much lower and the average age is higher. The merger between the distinct quarters is celebrated by an annual anarchic "vegetable fight" on the Oberbaumbrücke. Both parts have to deal with the consequences of gentrification.
Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events (soundtrack)
Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events is the soundtrack on the Sony Classical label of the 2004 Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events, starring Jim Carrey, Meryl Streep, Catherine O'Hara, Billy Connolly, Liam Aiken, and Emily Browning. The original score was composed by Thomas Newman.

The album was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Score.

Many of the tracks from the soundtrack were used in the 2005 comedy film Fun with Dick and Jane, the 2007 documentary Sicko, and the trailers for Corpse Bride, No Reservations, and Alice in Wonderland.

Academy Award for Best Original Score
The Academy Award for Best Original Score is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) to the best substantial body of music in the form of dramatic underscoring written specifically for the film by the submitting composer. Some pre-existing music is allowed, though, but a contending film must include a minimum of original music. This minimum since 2021 is established as 35% of the music, which is raised to 80% for sequels and franchise films. Fifteen scores are shortlisted before nominations are announced.
SURF4
Surfeit locus protein 4 or Surf4 is a protein involved in regulating export of some proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the golgi bodies. Surf4 is involved in trafficking soluble (i.e. non-membrane-bound) proteins, namely lipoproteins and PCSK9. It recognizes cargo proteins via a three-amino-acid sequence near the N-termini. The related protein in yeast is called Erv29p.

This gene is named based on its location in the surfeit gene cluster, composed of six housekeeping genes that do not share sequence similarity. The encoded protein is a conserved integral membrane protein containing multiple putative transmembrane regions. Surf4's yeast homolog is directly required for packaging glycosylated pro-alpha-factor into COPII vesicles.

Eliminating Surf4 in the liver reduces the amount of lipid in the plasma and prevents atherosclerosis in mice.

Golgi apparatus
The Golgi apparatus (/ˈɡɒldʒi/), also known as the Golgi complex, Golgi body, or simply the Golgi, is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. Part of the endomembrane system in the cytoplasm, it packages proteins into membrane-bound vesicles inside the cell before the vesicles are sent to their destination. It resides at the intersection of the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways. It is of particular importance in processing proteins for secretion, containing a set of glycosylation enzymes that attach various sugar monomers to proteins as the proteins move through the apparatus.

The Golgi apparatus was identified in 1898 by the Italian biologist and pathologist Camillo Golgi. The organelle was later named after him in the 1910s.
Electoral district of Northumberland Boroughs (NSW Legislative Council)
The Electoral district of Northumberland Boroughs was an electorate of the partially elected New South Wales Legislative Council, created for the first elections for the Council in 1843. From 1843 until 1851 the electorate covered the major towns or boroughs of Northumberland County, East Maitland, West Maitland and Newcastle,
and polling took place at East Maitland, West Maitland and Newcastle. Morpeth was added to the electorate from 1851 while Newcastle was removed from the electorate to form, with Raymond Terrace, the North Eastern Boroughs.
The rest of Northumberland County was covered by the County of Northumberland from 1843 until 1951,
and Counties of Northumberland and Hunter from 1851 until 1856.

In 1856 the unicameral Legislative Council was abolished and replaced with an elected Legislative Assembly and an appointed Legislative Council. The district was represented by the Legislative Assembly electorate of Northumberland Boroughs.

Morpeth, New South Wales
Morpeth is a suburb of the city of Maitland in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. It is on the southern banks of the Hunter River at the border between the City of Maitland and Port Stephens Council LGAs. The major population centre, where almost all residents of the suburb reside, is the historical town of Morpeth which takes its name from Morpeth, Northumberland, near Newcastle upon Tyne, in England.
Lynn Frazier
Lynn Joseph Frazier (December 21, 1874 – January 11, 1947) was an American educator and politician who served as the 12th governor of North Dakota from 1917 until being recalled in 1921 and later served as a U.S. senator from North Dakota from 1923 to 1941. He was the first American governor ever successfully recalled from office. The only other American governor to ever be recalled is Gray Davis, who was recalled in 2003.

Governor of North Dakota
The governor of North Dakota is the head of government of North Dakota and serves as the commander-in-chief of the state's military forces.

The Constitution of North Dakota specifies that "the executive power is vested in the governor" in Section 1.  Section 7 indicates that "the governor is the chief executive of the state. The governor shall have the responsibility to see that the state's business is well administered and that its laws are faithfully executed."
Louella E. Cable
Louella E. Cable (July 5, 1900 – May 25, 1986) was a pioneering American ichthyologist and scientific illustrator for the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries, which later became the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. She was the first woman professional biologist at the Bureau and made significant contributions to the understanding of fish life cycles, successfully culturing several species through their larval stages for the first time in a lab setting.

Cable's research was instrumental in efforts to conserve and restore shad fisheries in the Chesapeake Bay watershed during the 1940s. She later shifted her focus to the Great Lakes, where she studied the decline of lake trout and other freshwater species. Over her 43-year career, she authored numerous scientific publications and was recognized for her work by Secretary of the Interior Harold L. Ickes. A species of goby from the Galápagos Islands, the Cable's goby, is named in her honor.

Lake trout
The lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) is a freshwater char living mainly in lakes in Northern North America. Other names for it include mackinaw, namaycush, lake char (or charr), touladi, togue, laker, and grey trout. In Lake Superior, it can also be variously known as siscowet, paperbelly and lean. The lake trout is prized both as a game fish and as a food fish.  Those caught with dark coloration may be called mud hens.
Karel Tilga
Karel Tilga (born 5 February 1998) is an Estonian multi-event athlete who competes in the decathlon and indoors heptathlon. He was the NCAA championships both indoors and outdoors in 2021. He competed at the 2020 and 2024 Olympic Games.

Heptathlon
A heptathlon is a track and field combined events contest made up of seven events. The name derives from the Greek ἑπτά (hepta, meaning "seven") and ἄθλος (áthlos, or ἄθλον, áthlon, meaning "competition"). A competitor in a heptathlon is referred to as a heptathlete.

There are two heptathlons – the men's and the women's heptathlon – composed of different events. The men's heptathlon is older and is currently held indoors, contested at the IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics. The women's heptathlon is held outdoors and was introduced in the 1980s, first appearing in the Olympics in 1984. It is currently contested in the athletics programme of the Olympics and at the World Athletics Championships.
Baháʼí Faith in South America
The Baháʼí Faith was introduced to South America in 1919. There are Baháʼí Houses of Worship in Chile and Colombia, completed in 2016 and 2018 respectively. The Ruhi Institute, whose courses are now used by Baháʼís around the world, was originally created by the Colombian Baháʼí community.

Martha Root
Martha Louise Root (August 10, 1872 – September 28, 1939) was an American traveling teacher of the Baháʼí Faith in the early 20th century. From the declaration of her belief in 1909 until her death thirty years later, she went around the world four times. Shoghi Effendi, then head of the Baháʼí Faith, called her "the foremost travel teacher in the first Baháʼí Century", and named her a Hand of the Cause posthumously. Known for her numerous visits with heads of state and other public figures, of special importance was her interaction with Queen Marie of Romania, considered the first royal to accept Baháʼu'lláh.
Endomyocardial biopsy
Endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is an invasive procedure used routinely to obtain small samples of heart muscle, primarily for detecting rejection of a donor heart following heart transplantation. It is also used as a diagnostic tool in some heart diseases.

A bioptome is used to gain access to the heart via a sheath inserted into the right internal jugular or less commonly the femoral vein. Monitoring during the procedure consists of performing ECGs and blood pressures. Guidance and confirmation of correct positioning of the bioptome is made by echocardiography or fluoroscopy.

The risk of complications is less than 1% when performed by an experienced physician in a specialist centre. Serious complications include perforation of the heart with pericardial tamponade, haemopericardium, AV block, tricuspid regurgitation and pneumothorax.

EMB, sampling myocardium was first pioneered in Japan by S. Sakakibra and S. Konno in 1962.

Hemopericardium
Hemopericardium refers to blood in the pericardial sac of the heart. It is clinically similar to a pericardial effusion, and, depending on the volume and rapidity with which it develops, may cause cardiac tamponade.

The condition can be caused by full-thickness necrosis (death) of the myocardium (heart muscle) after myocardial infarction, chest trauma, and by over-prescription of anticoagulants. Other causes include ruptured aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva and other aneurysms of the aortic arch.

Hemopericardium can be diagnosed with a chest X-ray or a chest ultrasound, and is most commonly treated with pericardiocentesis.  While hemopericardium itself is not deadly, it can lead to cardiac tamponade, a condition that is fatal if left untreated.