hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Greater Mauritania
Greater Mauritania (Arabic: موريتانيا الكبرى) is a term for the Mauritanian irredentist claim that generally includes the Western Sahara and other Sahrawi-populated areas of the western Sahara Desert. The term was initially used by Mauritania's first President, Mokhtar Ould Daddah, as he began claiming the territory then known as Spanish Sahara even before Mauritanian independence in 1960.

Its main competing ideologies have been Berberism, Sahrawi nationalism, Moroccan irredentism, Mali federationism and Tuareg nationalism.

Berberism
Berberism is a Berber ethnonationalist movement that started in Kabylia in Algeria during the French colonial era with the Kabyle myth, largely driven by colonial capitalism and France's divide and conquer policy. The Berberist movement originally manifested itself as anti-Arab racism, Islamophobia, and Francophilia, that was sanctioned and sponsored by French colonial authorities. The movement later spread to other Berber communities in the Maghreb region of North Africa and was facilitated by colonial policies such as the Berber Dahir in Morocco. The Berberist movement in Algeria and Morocco is in opposition to cultural Arabization, pan-Arabism, and Islamism. Some Berberist movements, particularly those in the diaspora such as MAK, may pursue separatist agendas aimed at secession from Maghrebi states.
4th OTO Awards
The 4th OTO Awards, honoring the best in Slovak popular culture for the year 2003, took time and place on January 31, 2004, at the Reduta concert hall in Bratislava. Unlike the previous editions of the show, the ceremony broadcast live JOJ. The host of the show, for a change, was actor Maroš Kramár.

TV JOJ
TV JOJ is a Slovak private television channel owned by J&T Enterprises and launched in March 2002. The channel screens serial dramas and TV shows. The name JOJ is derived from a Slovak interjection, comparable to oh là là.
Beirut II (1960)
Beirut II was a parliamentary constituency in Lebanon. It covered three neighbourhoods (quartiers) of the capital; Dar El Mreisse, Zuqaq al-Blat and Bachoura. Michael Hudson described Beirut II as a 'small "catch-all" district'. This constituency was used in the 1960, 1964, 1968 and 1972 elections.

Michael Hudson (political scientist)
Michael Craig Hudson (June 2, 1938 – May 25, 2021) was an American political scientist, the director of the Middle East Institute and professor of political science at the National University of Singapore. He was also professor emeritus at Georgetown University, where he was professor of international relations since 1979 and Saif Ghobash Professor of Arab Studies since 1980 in the Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service. While at Georgetown, Hudson served as director of the Center for Contemporary Arab Studies intermittently for over twenty years, most recently from 2007 to 2010.
Lerista punctatovittata
The eastern robust slider (Lerista punctatovittata) is a nocturnal, burrowing species of skink found in continental Australia. Other common names are 'spotted lerista', and 'common burrowing skink'. The earliest written description of the species (under the scientific name Rhodona punctato-vittata) was provided by Albert Günther in 1867, based on a specimen caught in Queensland.

Skink
Skinks are lizards that constitute the family Scincidae, which is part of the infraorder Scincomorpha. With more than 1,500 described species across 100 different taxonomic genera, the family Scincidae is one of the most diverse families of lizards. Skinks are characterized by their smaller legs in comparison to typical lizards and are found in different habitats except arctic and subarctic regions.
Sílvio Criciúma
Silvio Nicoladelli (born 7 September 1971 in Orleans, Santa Catarina), known as Sílvio Criciúma, is a Brazilian professional football coach and former player who played as a defender. He is the current head coach of Carlos Renaux.

Orleans, Santa Catarina
Orleans is a Brazilian municipality in the state of Santa Catarina. The town is located in the south of the state.  As of 2020, the estimated population was 23,038.

The municipality contains part of the 1,330 hectares (3,300 acres) Serra Furada State Park, created in 1980.
Zsolt Baranyai
Zsolt Baranyai (June 23, 1948 in Budapest – April 6, 1978) was a Hungarian mathematician known for his work in combinatorics.

He graduated from Fazekas High School where he was a classmate of László Lovász, Miklós Laczkovich, and Lajos Pósa. He studied mathematics at Eötvös Loránd University and went on to become a lecturer in the Analysis Department. He earned his Ph.D. in 1975 and was posthumously awarded the Candidate degree of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in 1978.

Baranyai is best known for his theorem on the decompositions of complete hypergraphs, which solved a long-standing open problem. In addition to his mathematical pursuits, Baranyai was also a professional musician who played the recorder. He died while touring Hungary with the Bakfark Consort in a car accident after a concert.

Candidate of Sciences
A Candidate of Sciences is a PhD-equivalent academic research degree established by the Soviet Union. Since the 1990s, it has been replaced by a Doctor of Philosophy degree in many post-soviet Central and Eastern European countries, but is still offered in others, particularly Russia. It is officially classified by UNESCO as ISCED level 8: doctoral or equivalent. In countries that confer a Candidate of Sciences degree, a more advanced degree, Doctor of Sciences, is usually conferred as a higher doctorate.

The Candidate of Sciences degree may be recognized as a Doctor of Philosophy, usually in natural sciences, by scientific institutions in other countries.
Christianity in Anglo-Saxon England
In the seventh century the pagan Anglo-Saxons were converted to Christianity (Old English: Crīstendōm) mainly by missionaries sent from Rome. Irish missionaries from Iona, who were proponents of Celtic Christianity, were influential in the conversion of 
Northumbria, but after the Synod of Whitby in 664, the Anglo-Saxon church gave its allegiance to the Pope.

Ecgberht of Ripon
Ecgberht (or Egbert, and sometimes referred to as Egbert of Rath Melsigi) (died 729) was an Anglo-Saxon monk of Northumbria. After studying at Lindisfarne and Rath Melsigi, he spent his life travelling among monasteries in northern Britain and around the Irish Sea. He was instrumental in the establishment of Wihtberht's mission to Frisia.
Meeco
Meeco is a music producer and composer who has worked and recorded with a range of well-known artists from various genres, including jazz, hip-hop, soul, pop, and Latin. He is known for moving between different styles of music, blending jazz improvisations with hip-hop and soul.

Freddy Cole
Lionel Frederick Cole (October 15, 1931 – June 27, 2020) was an American jazz singer and pianist whose recording career spanned almost 70 years. He was the brother of musicians Nat King Cole, Eddie Cole, and Ike Cole, father of Lionel Cole, and uncle of Natalie Cole and Carole Cole.
1848 Naval Air Squadron
1848 Naval Air Squadron (1848 NAS) was a Fleet Air Arm (FAA) naval air squadron of the United Kingdom's Royal Navy (RN). It officially formed in the United States at RN Air Section Brunswick, in July 1944 as a fighter squadron. It was quipped with Vought Corsair fighter aircraft. The squadron embarked in HMS Ranee in October for the Atlantic crossing back to the United Kingdom. However, soon after arrival it disbanded at HMS Landrail, at RNAS Machrihanish, in November, its resources shared equally between 1843, 1845 and 1846 Naval Air Squadrons.

Fleet Air Arm
The Fleet Air Arm (FAA) is the naval aviation component of the United Kingdom's Royal Navy (RN). The FAA is one of five RN fighting arms. As of 2023 it is a primarily helicopter force, though also operating the F-35B Lightning II carrier-based stealth fighter jointly with the Royal Air Force.

The RAF was formed by the 1918 merger of the RN's Royal Naval Air Service with the British Army's Royal Flying Corps. The FAA did not come under the direct control of the Admiralty until mid-1939. During the Second World War, the FAA operated aircraft on ships as well as land-based aircraft that defended the Royal Navy's shore establishments and facilities.
Militia (Great Britain)
The British Militia was the principal military reserve force of the Kingdom of Great Britain. Militia units were repeatedly raised in Great Britain during the Georgian era for internal security duties and to defend against external invasions. The Militia Act 1757 (30 Geo. 2. c. 25), passed by the Parliament of Great Britain after the outbreak of the Seven Years' War, led to the rapid expansion of the British Militia in order to defend from potential French invasions. In the Kingdom of Ireland, a client state of Great Britain, the equivalent force was the Irish Militia, which saw heavy service in the Irish Rebellion of 1798 alongside British militia units. The existence of militia units in Great Britain and Ireland played an important role in freeing regular troops from the British and Irish establishments for overseas service.

Parliament of Great Britain
The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in May 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of Union by both the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland. The Acts ratified the treaty of Union which created a new unified Kingdom of Great Britain and created the parliament of Great Britain located in the former home of the English parliament in the Palace of Westminster, near the City of London. This lasted nearly a century, until the Acts of Union 1800 merged the separate British and Irish Parliaments into a single Parliament of the United Kingdom with effect from 1 January 1801.
E& Egypt
e&, short for Etisalat and, and formerly known as simply Etisalat, is the third mobile operator to enter the Egyptian market and the first integrated operator for telecom services in Egypt. It officially started its business in 2007 and attracted one million subscribers in the first fifty days of the launch of its operations. e& was the first company to provide 3.5G and 4G services while not needing its customers to change their SIM cards, in addition to consistently developing its network.

e& Egypt is one of the companies operating under Emirates Telecommunication Group Company, which was established in 1976 and later expanded to operate in 16 countries across the Middle East, Africa, and Asia, serving more than 148 million subscribers with its services.

e& provides mobile, fixed-line, mobile Internet, and fixed Internet services.

Mobile web
The mobile web comprises mobile browser-based World Wide Web services accessed from mobile devices, such as laptops, tablets, mobile phones, smartwatches, smartglasses, handheld devices like fitness trackers, PDAs and so on through a mobile or other wireless network.
Ryan Perrilloux
Ryan Anthony Perrilloux (born January 1, 1987) is an American former professional football quarterback who played in the National Football League (NFL), Canadian Football League (CFL), Arena Football League (AFL), and Ligue Élite de Football Américain in France.  He played college football at LSU and Jacksonville State.

LSU Tigers football
The LSU Tigers football program, also known as the Fighting Tigers, represents Louisiana State University in college football. The Tigers compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Southeastern Conference (SEC).

LSU ranks 16th best in winning percentage in NCAA Division I FBS history and claims four national championships (1958, 2003, 2007, and 2019), 16 conference championships, and over 40 consensus All-Americans. Three players for the Tigers have won the Heisman Trophy: Billy Cannon (1959), Joe Burrow (2019), and Jayden Daniels (2023).

The team plays on the university's campus at Tiger Stadium in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The program's current head coach is Lane Kiffin.
Welf II, Duke of Bavaria
Welf II (1072 – 24 September 1120), also known as Welfhard and called Welf the Fat (Latin: pinguis), was Duke of Bavaria from 1101 until his death. He died at Kaufering. In the Welf genealogy, he is counted as Welf V.

Kaufering, Bavaria
Kaufering (German pronunciation: [ˈkaʊfəʁɪŋ]) is a municipality in the district of Landsberg in Bavaria in Germany. It lies on the river Lech.

During World War II, a subcamp of Dachau concentration camp was located there.
Hesham Ramadan
Hesham Ramadan Neymar (Arabic: هشام رمضان; born January 1, 1996, in Faiyum) is an Egyptian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Alassiouty Sport. Alassiouty bought Ramadan from Fayoum SC in 2016 for 75,000 Egyptian pounds, he signed a 5-year contract.

Faiyum
Faiyum (/faɪˈjuːm/ fy-YOOM; Egyptian Arabic: الفيوم, romanized: el-Fayyūm, locally [elfæjˈjuːm]) is a city in Middle Egypt. Located 100 kilometres (62 miles) southwest of Cairo, in the Faiyum Oasis, it is the capital of the modern Faiyum Governorate. It is one of Egypt's oldest cities due to its strategic location.
Walham
Walham is a hamlet in Longford parish, north of Gloucester, England. It lies on the banks of the River Severn and north of the A40 road. It is a suburb of Gloucester, which is to its south.

A National Grid substation, providing power to half a million homes and the Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ), is situated at Walham. The substation came to national prominence in July 2007, when it was threatened by a major flood. The fire service and military stopped the flood waters two inches below the height at which the plant would flood. This struggle with nature was dubbed the "Battle for Walham" in national newspapers.

A40 road
The A40 is a road which runs between London and Goodwick (Fishguard), in Wales. It is approximately 260 miles (420 km) long. The eastern section from Denham, Buckinghamshire to Wheatley, Oxfordshire is better served by the M40 and its former function of linking London with Cheltenham and Gloucester has been taken by the M4, A419 and A417 via Swindon.

In 1937, together with the A48 road, it formed parts of the London–Fishguard trunk road, as well as a part of the Newport–Shrewsbury trunk road. Much of the A40's length within England has been superseded by motorways, such as the M40, and has lost its trunk road status, though it retains the status west of Gloucester and its entirety within Wales.
St. Mark's Church, Užice
The St. Mark's Church (Serbian: Црква Светог Марка, Crkva Svetog Marka) is a church in the town of Užice, in western Serbia. It is noted for its appearance, as an old, small, mostly wooden church in the town's modern urban setting. Originally constructed in 1721, it was rebuilt in 1828 and is the oldest surviving church in the entire Užice region. It was protected by the state in 1951 and declared a Cultural Monument of Great Importance in 1987. The church is colloquially called by the residents the Small Užice Church.

Cella
In Classical architecture, a cella (Latin for 'small chamber') or naos (from Ancient Greek  ναός (naós) 'temple') is the inner chamber of an ancient Greek or Roman temple. Its enclosure within walls has given rise to extended meanings: of a hermit's or monk's cell, and (since the 17th century) of a biological cell in plants or animals.
Médicament
"Médicament" is a song by French rapper Niska featuring Booba released in 2019. It charted atop the French SNEP singles chart, and was one of two chart-topping songs Niska had in 2019, with the other being "Méchant".

Niska (rapper)
Stanislas Georges Dinga-Pinto (French pronunciation: [ʒɔʁʒ stanislas malik diŋɡa pinto]; born 6 April 1994), better known by the stage name Niska (French pronunciation: [niska]), is a French rapper from Évry-Courcouronnes, Essonne. He is signed to Universal Music France and Barclay Records. He was initially in the rap group Negro Deep before going solo. Niska is an anagram of the shortened version of his name (Stani) with the syllables in reverse (Nista). He then replaced the "t" with a "k". Niska has released four albums, Charo Life (2015), Zifukoro (2016), Commando (2017), Mr Sal (2019), and Le monde est méchant (2021) with the first two reaching number 3 on SNEP, the official French Albums chart and the third and fourth topping the French chart.
Hepsi discography
This is the discography of Turkish pop group Hepsi, who has released four studio albums and one single on "Stardium Labels".

Hepsi gained fame with their debut album, Bir, and its single "Olmaz Oğlan". The album later produced three more singles: the more successful "Yalan", and Herşeye Rağmen" and "Üç Kalp".

The group then released their first official single, "Tempo".

Then the group released their second studio album, Hepsi 2, also a huge success, which produced two singles: "Kalpsizsin" and "Aşk Sakızı".

They released their third studio album Şaka (10+1) in May 2008 and have released one single from the album, "4 Peynirli Pizza".

Hepsi
Hepsi was a Turkish girl group. They consisted of Eren Bakıcı, Cemre Kemer and Yasemin Yürük, and formerly of Gülçin Ergül, who left in 2009. Cemre Kemer's mother is a famous manager, Şebnem Özberk. When they were nine years old, they were students  at the same conservatory and her mother began to build the group. All the members of the group are ballet dancers.

The group was largely followed in Turkey, with their audience being made up mainly of teenage boys and girls and pre-teen girls.
The group also starred in their own youth series, called Hepsi 1 on one of the main channels, ATV Turkey.
Joseph L. Ullman
Joseph Leonard Ullman (30 January 1923, in Buffalo, New York – 11 September 1995, in Chelsea, Michigan) was a mathematician who worked on classical analysis with a focus on approximation theory.

Ullman received his A.B. from the University of Buffalo and his graduate studies were interrupted by service in the U.S. Army in World War II. He was injured, received a Purple Heart, and spent the rest of the war as a mathematics instructor. He received a Ph.D. in 1949 from Stanford University with thesis Studies on Faber Polynomials under the direction of Gábor Szegő. Ullman became an instructor at the University of Michigan in 1949, an assistant professor in 1954, an associate professor in 1962, and a professor in 1966.

He wrote forty-three research papers. During his career at the University of Michigan he supervised eleven doctoral theses.

Chelsea, Michigan
Chelsea is a city in Washtenaw County in the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 5,467 at the 2020 census. Located approximately 15 miles west of Ann Arbor, the city is recognized for its vibrant arts community, walkable historic downtown, and strong civic identity. Chelsea also serves as a regional hub for outdoor recreation, thanks to its proximity to state parks, trails, lakes and rivers, making it a favored destination for families, artists, and visitors throughout the year.
Carajás mine
The Carajás Mine is the largest iron ore mine in the world. It is located in the municipality of Parauapebas, state of Pará in the Carajás Mountains of northern Brazil. The mine is operated as an open-pit mine, and is estimated to contain roughly 7.2 billion metric tonnes of iron ore, plus gold, manganese, bauxite, copper, and nickel.
 The mine is run by the Brazilian mining corporation Vale (formerly the Companhia Vale do Rio Doce), and was initially part-owned with US Steel from 1970 to 1977.

The mine is located in the mining concession area of the Carajás National Forest, which "contains known reserves of 18 billion tons with an average grade of 65.4% Fe."

The mine is largely powered by hydroelectric power from the Tucuruí Dam. In 2025 Vale was using artificial intelligence in managing operations at the mine, including the use of driverless trucks.

Tucuruí Dam
The Tucuruí Dam (Tucuruí means "grasshopper's water", translated from Tupí language; Portuguese: Tucuruí) is a concrete gravity dam on the Tocantins River located on the Tucuruí County in the State of Pará, Brazil. The main purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power production and navigation. It is the first large-scale hydroelectric project in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest. The installed capacity of the 25-unit plant is 8,370 megawatts (11,220,000 hp). Phase I construction began in 1980 and ended in 1984 while Phase II began in 1998 and ended in 2010. The dam was featured in the 1985 film The Emerald Forest.
Wii (video game series)
Wii is a series of simulation games published by Nintendo for the game console of the same name, as well as its successor, the Wii U. After a seven-year hiatus, the game Nintendo Switch Sports, described officially as "a new iteration of the Wii Sports series," was announced, the first game to drop the "Wii" from its title. These games feature a common design theme, with recurring elements including casual-oriented gameplay, casts consisting mostly or entirely of Miis, and control schemes that simulate real-life activities.

The Wii series was conceived by longtime Nintendo developer Shigeru Miyamoto to package and sell similar Wii Remote prototype games in a single package.

Simulation video game
Simulation video games are a diverse super-category of video games, generally designed to closely simulate real world activities. A simulation game attempts to copy various activities from real life in the form of a game for various purposes such as training, analysis, prediction, or entertainment. Usually there are no strictly defined goals in the game, and the player is allowed to control a character or environment freely. Well-known examples are war games, business games, and role play simulation. From three basic types of strategic, planning, and learning exercises: games, simulations, and case studies, a number of hybrids may be considered, including simulation games that are used as case studies. Comparisons of the merits of simulation games versus other teaching techniques have been carried out by many researchers and a number of comprehensive reviews have been published.
Ārons Bogoļubovs
Ārons Bogoļubovs (Aron Gershevich Bogolyubov, Russian: Арон Гершевич Боголюбов; born 30 December 1938) was a Latvian judoka who competed for the Soviet Union at the 1964 Summer Olympics, where he won a bronze medal in judo in the lightweight class. He is Jewish.

Judo at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Men's 68 kg
The lightweight class was a judo event held as part of the Judo at the 1964 Summer Olympics programme. The weight class was the lightest contested, and allowed judokas of up to sixty-eight kilograms. The competition was held on Tuesday, October 20, 1964.

Twenty-five judokas from eighteen nations competed.
Street Trash (2024 film)
Street Trash is a 2024 dark comedy horror film directed, written, and produced by Ryan Kruger. The film serves as a spiritual sequel to the 1987 film of the same name.

The film had its world premiere at the New Beverly Cinema at Los Angeles on October 17, 2024, followed by streaming on digital platforms on November 19, and on Screambox on December 27.

Spiritual successor
A spiritual successor (sometimes called a spiritual sequel) is a product or fictional work that is similar to, or directly inspired by, another previous product or work, but (unlike a traditional prequel or sequel) does not explicitly continue the product line or media franchise of its predecessor, and is thus only a successor "in spirit". Spiritual successors often have similar themes and styles to their preceding material, but are generally a distinct intellectual property.

In fiction, the term generally refers to a work by a creator that shares similarities to one of their earlier works, but is set in a different continuity, and features distinct characters and settings. Such works may arise when licensing issues prevent a creator from releasing a direct sequel using the same copyrighted characters and names as the original.