hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Per Karl Hjalmar Dusén
Per Karl Hjalmar Dusén (1855–1926) was a Swedish civil engineer, botanist and explorer. As a botanist his interests included pteridology, bryology, and paleobotany. He made botanical expeditions to Africa, Greenland, and South America. During his expeditions to Greenland, he visited Disko Island to catalogue the variety of flowering plants, horsetails and ferns.

Between 1890 and 1892, Dusén collected nearly 560 leaf fossils preserved in basalt in the vicinity of Mount Cameroon on the west coast of Cameroon. Later, these fossils were studied by the German paleobotanist Paul J. Menzel (1864–1927). Dusén edited three exsiccatae devoted to bryophytes, among them one with the title Musci Africani in Camerunia a P. Dusén collecti (1893) and another work with the title Hepaticae Africanae in Camerunia a P. Dusén collectae.

His botanical specimens are at the New York Botanical Garden, being obtained when they acquired the herbarium of Princeton University in 1945.

Paul Julius Menzel
Paul Julius Menzel (27 April 1864 in Dresden – 2 April 1927) was a German physician and paleobotanist.

In 1889 he obtained his medical doctorate from the University of Greifswald, afterwards working as a physician in Hainitz Grosspostwitz (from 1889 to 1898). From 1898 onward, he lived and worked in Dresden.

Known for his close association with the Senckenberg museum; after his death, the museum bought a large part of his fossil plant collection — approximately 11,000 items from the Tertiary formation of northern Bohemia.
Radiola linoides
Radiola linoides is the sole species in the Radiola genus, a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Linaceae. It has the common names of 'allseed' and 'flaxseed'. It has a very short stem which is repeatedly subdivided, with a pair of very small leaves and a single white flower at each fork and at the end of the branches. It has leaves which are opposite arranged, oval (in shape) and sessile.

Machair
A machair (Scottish Gaelic pronunciation: [ˈmaxɪɾʲ]; sometimes machar in English) is a fertile low-lying grassy plain found on part of the northwestern coastlines of Ireland and Scotland, particularly the Outer Hebrides. The best examples are found on North and South Uist, Harris and Lewis. Machairs in Ireland are listed as priority habitats, receiving the highest level of protection, in the EU Habitats Directive.
Ulundurpet railway station
Ulundurpet/Ulundurpettai railway station (station code:ULU) is an NSG–6 category Indian railway station in Tiruchirappalli railway division of Southern Railway zone. It    is a railway station on the Viluppuram–Tiruchirappalli section serving Ulundurpet, a town and taluka headquarters in Kallakurichi district, Tamil Nadu.

Kallakurichi district
Kallakurichi district  is one of the 38 districts in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. The district headquarter is Kallakurichi. Kallakurichi District was announced on 8 January 2019 and it came into existence on 26 November 2019.
Vadodara Junction railway station
Vadodara Junction railway station (formerly Baroda City Junction, station code: BRC) is the main station in the Indian city of Vadodara, Gujarat. Due to its strategic location, it is the fifth-busiest railway station in India in terms of frequency of trains after Kanpur Central, Vijayawada Junction, Delhi Junction, New Delhi, and Howrah, and busiest in Gujarat state as well as second important railway station in Gujarat after Ahmedabad Junction. It is also major stop on the Western Railway zone of Indian Railways. More than 340 trains start, end, or pass through the station weekly. This railway station is a junction point for rail lines from Mumbai, Delhi, Ahmedabad, Ektanagar (Kevadiya) and Chhota Udepur.

Kanpur Central railway station
Kanpur Central (formerly known as Cawnpore North Barracks, station code: CNB) is a central and junction railway station in the city of Kanpur and is one of the five central Indian railway stations. It is third busiest in country after Howrah Jn and New Delhi railway station. It is a major railway station between Howrah Jn and New Delhi. After Bandel Junction and Kharagpur Junction, it holds the record for the 3rd largest interlocking route system in the world. All trains passing through this station stop here, including premium trains, and all superfast, mail and passenger trains. The station is a major intercity rail and commuter rail station in the region.
Heritiera
Heritiera is a genus of flowering plants in the family Malvaceae, subfamily Sterculioideae. They are most dominant tropical forest trees in several areas in eastern Africa and India to the Pacific. Some are mangroves. Several are valuable for their timber and are over-exploited.

Malvaceae
Malvaceae (/mælˈveɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include cacao, cola, cotton, okra, roselle and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as Alcea (hollyhock), Malva (mallow), and Tilia (lime or linden tree). The genera with the largest numbers of species include Hibiscus (434 species), Pavonia (291 species), Sida (275 species), Ayenia (216 species), Dombeya (197 species), and Sterculia (181 species).
Lewis Brown (cricketer)
Lewis Brown (12 March 1874 – 14 October 1951) was an English cricketer active from 1896 to 1903 who played for Leicestershire. He was born and died in Earl Shilton. He appeared in 62 first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who bowled right arm medium pace. He scored 1,660 runs with a highest score of 110 and took seven wickets with a best performance of three for 39.

Seam bowling
Seam bowling is a bowling technique in cricket, in which the ball is deliberately bowled to hit the ground on its seam, to cause a random deviation when it bounces. A bowler who uses this technique is called a seam bowler or seamer.

Seam bowling is a form of fast bowling, although seam can also be a factor in medium-pace bowling. Although there are specialist seamers that make deliberate use of off cutter and leg cutter at the expense of bowling slower than regular fast bowlers, most bowlers employ the seam to some effect and so the terms "seamer" and "fast bowler" are largely synonymous. This was far less the case in the past, even the recent past. Bowlers such as Tom Cartwright and Derek Shackleton bowled seamers at a pace in the low 70mphs and were very successful due to their mastery of control and variation.
Mount Abdulaziz
Mount Abdulaziz or Abd al-Aziz (Arabic: جبل عبدالعزيز, romanized: Jabal ʿAbdulʿazīz) is a mountain ridge located in the southwestern part of the Hasakah Governorate, some 35 km west-south-west from the center of the city of Hasakah, in northeastern Syria. The mountain has taken its name after Abdul Aziz, a Kurdish military commander in Saladin's army who had once taken the mountain as a fortified place. The former name of the mountain was ʾAl-Ḥiyāl الحيال. During the Syrian civil war in March 2013, the mountain and its surrounding area came under the control of the Al-Nusra Front. The Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant then captured it from the al-Nusra Front in April 2014 following the Battle of Markada. The mount is currently under the control of Kurdish YPG forces who captured it in May 2015 from the Islamic State (IS).

Battle of Markada
The Battle of Markada (also spelled "Markadah" or "Markadahin") was a military confrontation between two jihadist groups, al-Qaeda's al-Nusra Front and the Islamic State (ISIS), over the town of Markada in the Al-Hasakah Governorate, in March 2014 during the Syrian civil war. The strategic importance of the town to the ISIS lay in its position on the group's weapons supply route from Iraq, the road linking Al-Hasakah with Deir ez-Zor and a hill that dominates the surrounding area. On the ISIS side there were many Sunni Iranians, including Kurds, who played an important role in the battle.
American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (ASBMB) is a learned society that was founded on December 26, 1906, at a meeting organized by John Jacob Abel (Johns Hopkins University). The roots of the society were in the American Physiological Society, which had been formed some 20 years earlier. ASBMB is the US member of the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.

The ASBMB was originally called the American Society of Biological Chemists, before obtaining its current name in 1987. The society is based in Rockville, Maryland. ASBMB's mission is to advance the science of biochemistry and molecular biology through publication of scientific and educational journals, the organization of scientific meetings, advocacy for funding of basic research and education, support of science education at all levels, and by promoting the diversity of individuals entering the scientific workforce. The organization currently has over 12,000 members.

John Jacob Abel
John Jacob Abel (19 May 1857 – 26 May 1938) was an American biochemist and pharmacologist. He established the pharmacology department at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine in 1893, and then became America's first full-time professor of pharmacology. During his time at Hopkins, he made several important medical advancements, especially in the field of hormone extraction. In addition to his laboratory work, he founded several significant scientific journals such as the Journal of Biological Chemistry and the Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics.
Cala Pass
31°28′25.2″S 27°43′24.3″E﻿ / ﻿31.473667°S 27.723417°E﻿ / -31.473667; 27.723417
Cala Pass is a high-altitude mountain pass situated in the Eastern Cape, province of South Africa, on the R410 Regional road, between Elliot and Cala.

It is one of four passes between Queenstown and Elliot and has a gradient of 1:19, in places 1:9; the altitude differential is almost 300 metres (980 ft) over 5.8 kilometres (3.6 mi).

Cala, South Africa
Cala is a town in Sakhisizwe Local Municipality, part of the Chris Hani District Municipality in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa.

The town is located on the Tsomo River, 28 km southwest of Elliot. The name is Xhosa for ‘adjacent to’, referring to its situation west of the Drakensberg, which here extends north and south.
Bethmann family
The Bethmann family (/ˈbɛtmɑːn/; BET-mahn) has been remarkable for the high proportion of its male members who succeeded at mercantile or financial endeavors. This family trait began in medieval northern Germany and continued with the Bethmann bank, which Johann Philipp Bethmann (1715–1793) and Simon Moritz Bethmann (1721–1782) founded in 1748 and soon catapulted into the foremost ranks of German and European banks. Even after the bank's sale in 1976, there are Bethmanns engaged in commercial real estate and forestry in the 21st century.

The most notable of the Bethmanns was Simon Moritz von Bethmann (1768–1826), a banker, diplomat, politician, philanthropist and patron of the arts. His sister Maria Elisabeth was the mother of Marie d'Agoult and the grandmother of Cosima Wagner; his sister Susanne Elisabeth was the great-grandmother of Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg, who was chancellor of Germany from 1909 to 1917.

Lahn
The Lahn (German pronunciation: [laːn] ⓘ) is a 245.6-kilometre-long (152.6 mi), right (or eastern) tributary of the Rhine in Germany. Its course passes through the federal states of North Rhine-Westphalia (23.0 km), Hesse (165.6 km), and Rhineland-Palatinate (57.0 km).

It has its source in the Rothaargebirge, the highest part of the Sauerland, in North Rhine-Westphalia. The Lahn meets the Rhine at Lahnstein, near Koblenz. Important cities along the Lahn include Marburg, Gießen, Wetzlar, Limburg an der Lahn, Weilburg and Bad Ems.

Tributaries to the Lahn include the Ohm, Dill, the Weil and the Aar. The lower Lahn has many dams with locks, allowing regular shipping from its mouth up to Runkel. Riverboats also operate on a small section north of the dam in Gießen.
Gigliato
The gigliato, also gillat or carlino, was a coin of pure silver established in 1303 by Charles II of Anjou in Naples, and then also in Provence from 1330. Its name derives from the Lilies ("giglio") depicted on the reverse entwined around a cross.
The coin weighed 4 grams. This type of coin was widely copied in the Eastern Mediterranean, especially by the Turks, such as the Emir of Saruhan.

Manisa Province
Manisa Province (Turkish: Manisa ili) is a province and metropolitan municipality in western Turkey. Its area is 13,339 km2, and its population is 1,468,279 (2022). Its neighboring provinces are İzmir to the west, Aydın to the south, Denizli to the southeast, Uşak to the east, Kütahya to the northeast, and Balıkesir to the north. The city of Manisa is the seat and capital of the province. The traffic code is 45.
Essen-Überruhr station
Essen-Überruhr station is located in the district of Überruhr in the city of Essen in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. It is on the Wuppertal-Vohwinkel–Essen-Überruhr line and is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 6 station.

The station was opened on 1 December 1847 by the Prince William Railway Company as the northern terminus of its Vohwinkel–Überruhr line, after its takeover, standardisation and extension of the Deil Valley Railway Company's line from Kupferdreh to Nierenhof (the oldest German railway).

German railway station categories
The approximately 5,400 railway stations in Germany that are owned and operated by the Deutsche Bahn subsidiary DB InfraGO are divided into seven categories, denoting the service level available at the station.

This categorisation influences the amount of money railway companies need to pay to DB Station&Service for using the facilities at the stations.
Frehiwat Goshu
Frehiwat Goshu (born 28 June 1990) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner who specializes in the 3000 metres.

Her international debut came at the 2007 African Junior Athletics Championships, where she came fourth  over 1500 metres. She won the bronze medal in the 3000 metres at the 2008 World Junior Championships and finished ninth at the 2009 World Athletics Final. She also finished fourth in the junior race at the 2009 World Cross Country Championships. She won the 2010 Cross Internacional Juan Muguerza and in 2011 was the winner at the Madrid Half Marathon and runner-up at the Madrid 10K. She took second place behind Priscah Cherono at the Cross Internacional de la Constitución in December 2011.

Her personal best times are 4:13.54 minutes in the 1500 metres, achieved in July 2009 in Barcelona; 8:50.38 minutes in the 3000 metres, achieved in September 2009 in Rieti; and 15:21.44 minutes in the 5000 metres, achieved in June 2009 in Málaga.

2007 African Junior Athletics Championships
The 2007 African Junior Athletics Championships was the eighth edition of the biennial, continental athletics tournament for African athletes aged 19 years or younger. It was held in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso, from 9–12 August. A total of 44 events were contested, 22 by men and 22 by women.
BigFM
BigFM is a German radio network that consists of three regional radio stations: bigFM Der Neue Beat in Baden-Württemberg, bigFM Hot Music Radio in Rhineland-Palatinate and bigFM Saarland in Saarland. The format is Rhythmic CHR, and the network specialises in pop, rock, dance, hip-hop and rap. Talk shows are also featured late at night that mainly focuses on young people's issues and stories, and broadcast weeknights from midnight – 2 am (Nightlounge) and Sunday from 10:45 pm - midnight (Night Talk).

Rhythmic contemporary
Rhythmic contemporary, also known as Rhythmic Top 20, Rhythmic Top 30, Rhythmic Top 40, Rhythmic CHR or rhythmic crossover, is a primarily American music-radio format that includes a mix of EDM, upbeat rhythmic pop, hip-hop and upbeat R&B hits. Rhythmic contemporary never uses hard rock or country in its airplay, but it may occasionally use a reggae, Latin, reggaeton, or an urban contemporary gospel hit. Essentially, the format is a cross between the mainstream radio and urban contemporary radio formats.
Four Comely Saints
The Four Comely Saints (Irish: an Ceathrar Álainn) is a collective name for Fursey, Brendan of Birr, Conall, and Berchán, four saints in the early Irish Christian church.

At their reputed burial place on Inishmore is a ruined fifteenth-century church dedicated to them.  A reputed miraculous cure at the adjacent holy well inspired John Millington Synge's play The Well of the Saints.

The Prophecy of Berchán
The Prophecy of Berchán is a relatively long historical poem written in the Middle Irish language. The text is preserved in the Royal Irish Academy as MS 679 (23/G/4), with a few early modern copies. It is a prophecy made in the Early Middle Ages.
Margaret Wooster Curti
Margaret Wooster Curti (February 8, 1892 – September 19, 1961) was an American child psychologist, researcher and author.

Curti nee Wooster was born in Silver Creek, Nebraska on February 8, 1892. She attended the University of Nebraska where she studied inder Harry Kirke Wolfe, and the University of Chicago where she studied under Harvey A. Carr, earning her PhD in 1920. In 1925 she married fellow academic Merle Curti with whom she had two children.

She taught at Smith College from 1922 through 1937, Teachers College, Columbia University from 1937 through 1942, and then briefly at University of Wisconsin–Madison.

In 1930 Longmans, Green & Co. published her book Child psychology.

Curti researched cultural bias in testing, disputing the idea that race or economic class effect a child's intelligence.

Curti died in Madison, Wisconsin on September 19, 1961.

Her papers are in the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College.

Teachers College, Columbia University
Teachers College, Columbia University (TC) is the graduate school of education affiliated with Columbia University, a private research university in New York City. Founded in 1887, Teachers College has been part of Columbia University since 1898.
Airframe
The mechanical structure of an aircraft is known as the airframe. This structure is typically considered to include the fuselage, undercarriage, empennage and wings,  and excludes the propulsion system.

Airframe design is a field of aerospace engineering that combines aerodynamics, materials technology and manufacturing methods with a focus on weight, strength and aerodynamic drag, as well as reliability and cost.

Wing
A wing is a structure which produces both lift and drag while moving through air. Wings are defined by two shape characteristics, an airfoil section and a planform. Wing efficiency is expressed as lift-to-drag ratio, which compares the benefit of lift with the air resistance of a given wing shape, as it flies. Aerodynamics includes the study of wing performance in air.

Equivalent foils that move through water are found on hydrofoil power vessels and foiling sailboats that lift out of the water at speed and on submarines that use diving planes to point the boat upwards or downwards, while running submerged. The study of foil performance in water is a subfield of Hydrodynamics.
Audi R15 TDI
The Audi R15 TDI, commonly abbreviated to the R15, is a Le Mans Prototype (LMP) racing car constructed by the German car manufacturer Audi AG.  It is the successor to the Audi R10 TDI.

Like its predecessor, the R15 TDI uses a turbocharged diesel engine, although the R15's V10 engine is physically smaller than the R10's V12. The smaller engine is pushed further toward the middle of the car than in the R10, resulting in a more neutral weight balance that gives the car better agility around the corners than its predecessor.

V12 engine
A V12 engine is a twelve-cylinder piston engine where two banks of six cylinders are arranged in a V configuration around a common crankshaft. V12 engines are more common than V10 engines. However, they are less common than V8 engines.

The first V12 engine was built in 1904 for use in racing boats. Due to the balanced nature of the engine and the smooth delivery of power, V12 engines were found in early luxury automobiles, boats, aircraft, and tanks. Aircraft V12 engines reached their apogee during World War II, after which they were mostly replaced by jet engines. In Formula One racing, V12 engines were common during the late 1960s and early 1990s.

Applications of V12 engines in the 21st century have been as marine engines, in railway locomotives, as large stationary power as well as in some European sports and luxury cars.
Wellington, Colorado
Wellington is a statutory town in Larimer County, Colorado, United States.  The population was 11,047 at the 2020 census. Wellington is situated in the northern part of Colorado, and it is part of the Fort Collins-Loveland Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Fort Collins, Colorado
Fort Collins is a home rule city in Larimer County, Colorado, United States, and serves as the county seat and most populous municipality of the county. It is the fourth-most populous city in Colorado with a population of 169,810 at the 2020 census, while the Fort Collins, CO Metropolitan Statistical Area has an estimated 375,000 residents.

Situated on the Cache La Poudre River along the Colorado Front Range, Fort Collins is located 60 mi (97 km) north of the Colorado State Capitol in Denver and is a major city of the Front Range Urban Corridor. It is a prominent college town, home to Colorado State University, a public research university and the second-largest university by enrollment in Colorado.
2024 WNBA Finals
The 2024 WNBA Finals, officially the WNBA Finals 2024 presented by YouTube TV for sponsorship reasons, was the best-of-five championship series for the 2024 season of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). The finals featured the first-seeded New York Liberty, who advanced to their second straight finals, and the second-seeded Minnesota Lynx. The Liberty defeated the Lynx in five games, winning their first WNBA Championship in franchise history.

This was the last WNBA Finals to use the best-of-five format as it expanded to a best-of-seven format in 2025.

Jonquel Jones
Jonquel Orthea Jones (born January 5, 1994) is a Bahamian-Bosnian professional basketball player for the New York Liberty of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). She was drafted with the sixth overall pick in the 2016 WNBA draft. Since May 2019, she also holds the citizenship of Bosnia and Herzegovina, allowing her to play for the national team.

A 6'6" power forward/center, Jones played college basketball for Clemson and George Washington. After the February 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, she left the Russian team UMMC Ekaterinburg, and joined the Turkish team Çukurova Basketbol.
Saint Clement School (Massachusetts)
Saint Clement School, also Saint Clement Junior-Senior High School, was a private, Roman Catholic secondary school in Medford, Massachusetts.  It was located in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Boston.

Archdiocese of Boston
The Archdiocese of Boston (Latin: Archidiœcesis Bostoniensis) is an archdiocese of the Catholic Church in eastern Massachusetts in the United States. Its mother church is the Cathedral of the Holy Cross in Boston.

The Diocese of Boston was erected in 1808, branching off from the Diocese of Baltimore. It grew rapidly during the 19th century; today it is the fourth largest archdiocese in the United States. Starting in 2002, the archdiocese faced a sexual abuse scandal which touched off investigations of Catholic Church sexual abuse cases throughout the United States. Richard G. Henning is the archbishop.