hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Margay
The margay (Leopardus wiedii) is a small wild cat native to Mexico, Central and South America. A solitary and nocturnal felid, it lives mainly in primary evergreen and deciduous forest.

Until the 1990s, margays were hunted for the wildlife trade, at which point the killing of the species was outlawed in most countries; however, years of persecution resulted in a notable population decrease. Since 2008, the margay has been listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List, as the population is thought to be declining due to loss of habitat and deforestation.

The scientific name Felis wiedii was used by Heinrich Rudolf Schinz in 1821 in his first scientific description of the margay, named in honour of Prince Maximilian of Wied-Neuwied, who collected specimens in Brazil.

Near-threatened species
A near-threatened species is a species which has been categorized as "Near Threatened" (NT) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as that may be vulnerable to endangerment in the near future, but it does not currently qualify for the threatened status.

The IUCN notes the importance of reevaluating near-threatened taxa at appropriate intervals.

The rationale used for near-threatened taxa usually includes the criteria of vulnerable which are plausible or nearly met, such as reduction in numbers or range. Those designated since 2001 that depend on conservation efforts to not become threatened are no longer separately considered conservation-dependent species.
Chronology of the Shunzhi reign
This is a chronicle of important events that took place under the Shunzhi Emperor of the Qing dynasty (1644–1912). It spans from the death of his predecessor Hong Taiji (r. 1626–1643) in September 1643, to the emperor's own death on 5 February 1661, seven days into the eighteenth year of the Shunzhi reign period. These dates do not correspond perfectly with the Shunzhi era itself, which started on 8 February 1644—on New Year's Day of the lunisolar year following the emperor's accession—and ended on 17 February 1662 (the last day of the 18th year of Shunzhi), more than one solar year after the emperor's death. The posthumous events related to the Shunzhi Emperor's burial and posthumous cult are also included.

Chinese era name
Chinese era names, also known as reign mottos, were titles used by various Chinese dynasties and regimes in Imperial China for the purpose of year identification and numbering. The first monarch to adopt era names was the Emperor Wu of Han in 140 BCE, or more formally in 110 BCE. This system remained the official method of year identification and numbering until the establishment of the Republic of China in 1912 CE, when the era name system was superseded by the Republic of China calendar. Other polities in the Sinosphere—Korea, Vietnam and Japan—also adopted the concept of era name as a result of Chinese politico-cultural influence.
Eccellenza Umbria
Eccellenza Umbria is the regional Eccellenza football division for clubs in the central Italian region of Umbria, Italy. It is competed among 16 teams, in one group. The winners of the Groups are promoted to Serie D. The club who finishes second also have the chance to gain promotion, they are entered into a national play-off which consists of two rounds.

Umbria
Umbria (/ˈʌmbriə/ UM-bree-ə; Italian: [ˈumbrja]) is a region of central Italy. It includes Lake Trasimeno and Marmore Falls, and is crossed by the Tiber. It is the only landlocked region on the Apennine Peninsula. The capital is Perugia. The region has 851,954 inhabitants as of 2025.

The region is characterized by hills, mountains, thick forests, valleys and historical towns such as the university centre of Perugia, Assisi (a World Heritage Site associated with St. Francis of Assisi), Terni, Norcia, Città di Castello, Gubbio, Spoleto, Orvieto, Todi, Castiglione del Lago, Narni, Amelia, Spello and other small cities.
MIA PaCa-2
MIA PaCa-2 is a human pancreatic cancer cell line used extensively in pancreatic cancer research and therapy development.

In 1977, MIA PaCa-2 cells were derived from the carcinoma of a 65-year-old male.

The cells exhibit CK5.6, AE1/AE3, E-cadherin, vimentin, chromogranin A, synaptophysin, SSTR2, and NTR1, but not CD56. The cells have a round, epithelial morphology, and are adherent in cell culture.

MIA PaCa-2 has served for decades as a model of pancreatic cancer, and studies of MIA PaCa-2 physiology have helped clarify the mechanisms of carcinogenesis in pancreatic cancer, aid the development of cancer cell lysates targeting IgG production, and augmented drug-delivery methods relying on quantum dots.

Cadherin-1
Cadherin-1 or Epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CDH1 gene (not to be confused with the APC/C activator protein CDH1). Mutations are correlated with gastric, breast, colorectal, thyroid, and ovarian cancers. CDH1 has also been designated as CD324 (cluster of differentiation 324). It is a tumor suppressor gene.
Étienne Borne
Étienne Vincent Borne (French: [etjɛn vɛ̃sɑ̃ bɔʁn]; January 22, 1907 – June 14, 1993) was born in Manduel (Gard). He was a professor of philosophy Hypokhâgne at Lycée Henri-IV in Paris. Étienne Borne founded the Mouvement republicain populaire (MRP), and the French Christian Democratic Party. He was a columnist in the newspaper La Croix.
 Jacques Derrida was one of his students.

He died in La Celle-Saint-Cloud.

Popular Republican Movement
The Popular Republican Movement (French: Mouvement Républicain Populaire, MRP) was a Christian-democratic political party in France during the Fourth Republic.  Its base was the Catholic vote and its leaders included Georges Bidault, Robert Schuman, Paul Coste-Floret, Pierre-Henri Teitgen and Pierre Pflimlin.  It played a major role in forming governing coalitions, in emphasizing compromise and the middle ground, and in protecting against a return to extremism and political violence.  It played an even more central role in foreign policy, having charge of the Foreign Office for ten years and launching plans for the creation of the European Coal and Steel Community, which grew into the European Union.  Its voter base gradually dwindled in the 1950s and it had little power by 1954.
Carlos Katz
Carlos Katz (born 18 August 1934) is an American electrical engineer, researcher and the recipient of the 2010 IEEE award. His area of research is the properties and methods of manufacture of extruded and laminar dielectric high voltage power cables, and extension of service life of installed cables. He has written papers about the effects of water treeing on the life of cable installations.

IEEE Herman Halperin Electric Transmission and Distribution Award
The IEEE Herman Halperin Electric Transmission and Distribution Award is a Technical Field Award of the IEEE that is presented for outstanding contributions to electric transmission and distribution. The award may be presented annually to an individual or a team of up to three people. It was instituted by the IEEE Board of Directors in 1986.

Prior to 1987, the award was called the William M. Habirshaw Award. Starting in 1987, the award became renamed in honor of Herman Halperin, who had been a recipient of the Habirshaw Award in 1962 and had worked for 40 years for the Commonwealth Edison Company. The award is sponsored by the Robert and Ruth Halperin Foundation, in memory of Herman and Edna Halperin, and the IEEE Power and Energy Society. The funds for the award were contributed by the Halperins, and are administered by the IEEE Foundation.

Recipients of this award receive a certificate and honorarium.
Radical 3
Radical 3 or radical dot (丶部) meaning "to indicate an end" is one of six of the 214  Kangxi radicals that are composed of only one stroke.

In the Kangxi Dictionary, there are only 10 characters (out of 49,030) to be found under this radical.

丶 is also the 3rd indexing component in the Table of Indexing Chinese Character Components predominantly adopted by Simplified Chinese dictionaries published in mainland China.

Chinese character radicals
A radical (Chinese: 部首; pinyin: bùshǒu; lit. 'section header'), or indexing component, is a visually prominent component of a Chinese character under which the character is traditionally listed in a Chinese dictionary. The radical for a character is typically a semantic component, but it can also be another structural component or an artificially extracted portion of the character. In some cases, the original semantic or phonological connection has become obscure, owing to changes in the meaning or pronunciation of the character over time.

The use of the English term radical is based on an analogy between the structure of Chinese characters and the inflection of words in European languages. Radicals are also sometimes called classifiers, but this name is more commonly applied to the grammatical measure words in Chinese.
Madonna De Surdis
Madonna De Surdis is a silver-gilt altarpiece from the 1380s. Though the artist remains unknown, it is believed to have been created in a Venetian workshop. The piece was commissioned by Giovanni De Surdis, the former bishop of Vicenza. A will from 1383, belonging to the Bishop, indicates that 50 gold ducats were allocated for the creation of a Madonna statue to be placed on the altar of Santa Maria in the Vicenza Cathedral. The statue is held at the Museo Diocesano in Vicenza.

Workshop
Beginning with the Industrial Revolution era, a workshop may be a room, rooms or building which provides both the area and tools (or machinery) that may be required for the manufacture or repair of manufactured goods. Workshops were the only places of production until the advent of industrialization and the development of larger factories. In the 20th and 21st century, many Western homes contained a workshop in either the garage, basement, or an external shed. Home workshops typically contain a workbench, hand tools, power tools, and other hardware. Along with the practical application of repairing goods, workshops are often used to tinker and make prototypes.

Some workshops focus exclusively on automotive repair or restoration although there are a variety of workshops in existence today.  Woodworking, metalworking, electronics, and other types of electronic prototyping workshops are among the most common.
Horní Maxov (Lučany nad Nisou)
Horní Maxov (German Ober Maxdorf) is a village in the town of Lučany nad Nisou in Jablonec nad Nisou District. It can be found roughly 2 km (1.2 mi) northwest from Lučany nad Nisou. As of 2008, there were 157 addresses registered here. In 2001, the village had 138 inhabitants. It lies between the Maxovski ridge and the Bramberk observation tower on Krásný Hill, 797 m (2,615 ft). The highest peak of Horní Maxov is Slovanka, 820 m (2,690 ft), part of the Maxovski ridge.

Slovanka
Slovanka (German: Seibthübel) is a hill situated 820 m above sea level in the central Jizera Mountains in the area of Lučany nad Nisou, between Královka and Bramberk, in the Czech Republic.

There is an observation tower in the settlement, which was built in 1887. It is primarily made from iron and is 14 metres high, with 56 steps to the top. It was rebuilt for 550.000 Kč and reopened on 5 July 2000.
Rialto Luas stop
Rialto is a stop on the Luas light-rail tram system in Dublin, Ireland.  It opened in 2004 as a stop on the Red Line.  The stop is at the southern side of St. James's Hospital, adjacent to James's Walk, near the areas of Rialto and Kilmainham.

At this point, the Red Line follows an old canal alignment:  The Grand Canal was opened in 1779, running from James's Street near Dublin city centre, through Sallins and further west.  In 1796, a branch of the canal was added which took a circular route around the city centre from Suir Road to the current Grand Canal Dock in Ringsend.  The original mainline later closed and its alignment lay empty for many years until it was selected as part of the route for the Luas line.

The stop is also served by Dublin Bus routes 68, 68a, and S2.

Fatima is intended to be a stop on the proposed Luas line to Lucan.

Grand Canal (Ireland)
The Grand Canal (Irish: An Chanáil Mhór) is the southernmost of a pair of canals that connect Dublin, in the east of Ireland, with the River Shannon in the west, via Tullamore and a number of other villages and towns, the two canals nearly encircling Dublin's inner city. Its sister canal on the Northside of Dublin is the Royal Canal. The last working cargo barge passed through the Grand Canal in 1960.
Terminal Productivity Executive
Terminal Productivity Executive (TPX) is a multiple session manager for IBM mainframes. It allows connected users to access resources with a single sign-on. It holds several sessions concurrently, allowing a person to switch among them via the single connection on their physical terminal or terminal emulator application, i.e. telnet. For each session, TPX uses a virtual terminal; users can use it to switch amongst ISPF and SDSF in the Time Sharing Option.

TPX is presently a product of CA Technologies, having been originally developed by Morgan Stanley, and later acquired by Duquesne Systems. TPX is primarily used on z/OS, but a version also exists for z/VM.

SDSF
The System Display and Search Facility (SDSF) is a component of IBM's mainframe operating system, z/OS, which allows users and administrators to view and control various aspects of the mainframe's operation and system resources using an interactive user interface. Information displayed in SDSF includes batch job output, Unix processes, scheduling environments, and the status of external devices such as printers and network lines, batch and system log files and dumps.
Rūsiņš Mārtiņš Freivalds
Rūsiņš Mārtiņš Freivalds (10 November 1942 – 4 January 2016) was a Latvian computer scientist and mathematician. He was celebrated for founding ultrametric algorithms and for fundamental contributions to the theory of computation, probabilistic algorithms, inductive inference, and quantum computing. He is best known for Freivalds' algorithm, a simple randomized procedure to check matrix multiplication in less time than recomputing it. He was a member of the Latvian Academy of Sciences from 1992. He also taught at the University of Latvia, with students including Daina Taimiņa and Andris Ambainis. He was born in Cesvaine and studied at Moscow State University (MSU).

Inductive reasoning
Inductive reasoning refers to a variety of methods of reasoning in which the conclusion of an argument is supported not with deductive certainty, but at best with some degree of probability. Unlike deductive reasoning (such as mathematical induction), where the conclusion is certain, given the premises are correct, inductive reasoning produces conclusions that are at best probable, given the evidence provided.
Andrei Poverlovici
Andrei Poverlovici (born 17 October 1985) is a former Romanian footballer who played as a defender. He retired in 2022, after last playing for Liga III club Olimpic Cetate Râșnov. In his career, Poverlovici also played for teams such as FC Brașov, Unirea Alba Iulia, Victoria Brănești, FC Botoșani or SR Brașov, among others.

CSM Unirea Alba Iulia
Clubul Sportiv Municipal Unirea Alba Iulia, commonly known as Unirea Alba Iulia (Romanian pronunciation: [uˈnire̯a ˌalba ˈjuli.a]), is a Romanian professional football club based in Alba Iulia, Alba County, founded in 1924 and currently playing in the Liga III.

The team from Cetatea Marii Uniri (lit. 'The Citadel of Great Union') plays in black and white, and its home ground is Cetate Stadium (lit. 'Citadel'), which has a capacity of 18,000 seats. Among the club’s greatest achievements are a 6th-place finish in the Romanian top division at the end of the 2003–04 season, and reaching the semi-finals in 1990–91 and the quarter-finals in 2024–25 of the Romanian Cup.
Chemirgoys
The Chemirgoy or Temirgoy are one of the twelve major Circassian tribes, representing one of the twelve stars on the green-and-gold Circassian flag. They lived between the lower flows of the Belaya and Laba Rivers and their lands extended north to the Kuban. After the end of the Caucasian War, most Temirgoys resettled in other Circassian villages (e.g. Bzhedugii, Kabarda, Urupskiy), as well as in Turkey and in other parts of the Middle East. In Turkey, the majority of the population of the village Hadzhimukohabl (now Dondukovskaya) are Temirgoy.

The Temirgoy live mainly in Adygea. The Temirgoy dialect of Adyghe (КIэмыргъуэйбзэ), as well as the Bzhedug dialect, are the main languages of the Circassians in the Republic of Adygea.

Urupsky District
Urupsky District (Russian: Уру́пский райо́н; Karachay-Balkar: Уруп район, Urup rayon; Kabardian: Уэрп къедзыгъуэ; Abaza: Уарп район) is an administrative and a municipal district (raion), one of the ten in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic. The area of the district is 2,782 square kilometers (1,074 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a stanitsa) of Pregradnaya. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 24,404, with the population of Pregradnaya accounting for 30.6% of that number.
Arnold Krammer
Arnold Paul Krammer (15 August 1941 – 24 September 2018) was an American historian who specialized in German and United States history and a professor in the College of Liberal Arts at Texas A&M University in College Station, Texas. He was twice a Fulbright scholar: between 1992–1993, he studied at the University of Tübingen and, between 2002–2003, he studied at the University of Jena.

He was born in Chicago, Illinois to David and Eva (Vas) Krammer. He studied at the University of Wisconsin-Madison where he earned his BS, MS, and, in 1970, PhD degrees. He came to Texas A&M in 1974 and retired in 2015, having taught American and German history to thousands of Aggies. His specialties included the First and Second World Wars, 20th Century Germany, and the Holocaust. He led numerous study abroad groups of Aggies to Germany, Italy, Normandy, and Poland. He was twice honored with the Texas A&M University Distinguished Faculty Award for Teaching.

Texas A&M Aggies
The Texas A&M Aggies are the students, graduates, and sports teams of Texas A&M University. The nickname "Aggie" was once common at land-grant or "ag" (agriculture) schools in many states. The teams are also simply referred to as "A&M" or "Texas Aggies", and the official school colors are maroon and white. The mascot is a rough collie named Reveille.

The sports teams compete in Division I of the NCAA. Until the dissolution of the Southwest Conference, Texas A&M was a charter member of that conference. The Aggies became members of the Big 12 Conference with its subsequent formation in 1996. On July 1, 2012, they left the Big 12 Conference and joined the Southeastern Conference (SEC).
Goodman–Stark House
Goodman–Stark House, also known as the Stark–Unsell House, is a historic home located at Louisiana, Pike County, Missouri. It was built about 1894, and is a 2+1⁄2-story, Queen Anne style brick dwelling.  It has a steeply pitched hipped and gabled roof with intersecting ridges and a front-facing gable, prominent masonry chimneys and an asymmetrical facade with bay windows and balustraded porches.: 5

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

Pike County, Missouri
Pike County is a county on the eastern border of the U.S. state of Missouri, bounded by the Mississippi River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 17,587. Its county seat is Bowling Green. Its namesake was a city in middle Kentucky, a region from where many early migrants came. The county was organized December 14, 1818, and named for explorer Zebulon Pike. The folksong "Sweet Betsy from Pike" is generally thought to be associated with Pike County, Missouri.

Pike County is said to be the home of Momo (The Missouri Monster). The first reported sightings in the 1970s were traced to various locations throughout the county.
Brent McDonald
Brent McDonald is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Yukon Legislative Assembly in the 2025 Yukon general election. He represents the electoral district of Klondike as a member of the Yukon New Democratic Party.

A plant operator for Yukon Energy, McDonald served several terms as co-chair of the Robert Service School Council in Dawson City.

Yukon New Democratic Party
The Yukon New Democratic Party (YNDP; French: Nouveau Parti démocratique du Yukon) is a social democratic political party in the Yukon, Canada. It is the territorial section of the federal New Democratic Party. The party currently forms the official opposition in the Yukon Legislative Assembly.
Paloma (cocktail)
The paloma (Spanish for "dove") is a tequila-based cocktail. This drink is most commonly prepared by mixing tequila, lime juice, and a grapefruit-flavored soda such as Fresca, Squirt, or Jarritos and served with ice and a lime wedge. Adding salt to the rim of the glass is also an option.

Alternatively, the grapefruit soda can be replaced with fresh white or red grapefruit juice (jugo de toronja) and club soda.

Grapefruit
The grapefruit (Citrus × paradisi) is a subtropical citrus tree known for its relatively large, sour to semi-sweet, somewhat bitter fruit. The flesh of the fruit is segmented and varies in color from pale yellow to dark red.

Grapefruits originated in Barbados in the 18th century. They are a citrus hybrid that was created through an accidental cross between the sweet orange (C. × sinensis) and the pomelo (C. maxima), both of which were introduced to the Caribbean from Asia in the 17th century. It has also been called the 'forbidden fruit'. In the past it was called the pomelo, but that term is now mostly used as the common name for Citrus maxima.

Grapefruit–drug interactions are common, as the juice contains furanocoumarins that interfere with the metabolism of many drugs. This can prolong and intensify the effects of those drugs, leading to multiple side-effects such as abnormal heart rhythms, bleeding inside the stomach, low blood pressure, difficulty breathing, and dizziness.
Novooleksandrivka rural hromada
Novooleksandrivka rural hromada (Ukrainian: Новоолександрівська селищна громада) is a hromada of Ukraine, located in Zaporizhzhia Raion, Zaporizhzhia Oblast. Its administrative center is the village of Novooleksandrivka.

It has an area of 142.8 square kilometres (55.1 sq mi) and a population of 4,860, as of 2020.

The hromada contains 7 settlements, including 6 villages:

And 1 rural-type settlement: Richne.

Zaporizhzhia Raion
Zaporizhzhia Raion (Ukrainian: Запорізький район, romanized: Zaporiz'kyj rajon) is one of the five raions (districts) of Zaporizhzhia Oblast in southeast Ukraine. Its administrative center is Zaporizhzhia. Population: 840,866 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Zaporizhzhia Oblast was reduced to five, and the area of Zaporizhzhia Raion was significantly expanded. According to the 2001 census, its population was 54,804. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 56,364 (2020 est.).