hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Table of the largest known graphs of a given diameter and maximal degree
In graph theory, the degree diameter problem is the problem of finding the largest possible graph for a given maximum degree and diameter.  The Moore bound sets limits on this, but for many years mathematicians in the field have been interested in a more precise answer.  The table below gives current progress on this problem (excluding the case of degree 2, where the largest graphs are cycles with an odd number of vertices).

Journal of Graph Theory
The Journal of Graph Theory is a peer-reviewed mathematics journal specializing in graph theory and related areas, such as structural results about graphs, graph algorithms with theoretical emphasis, and discrete optimization on graphs.

The scope of the journal also includes related areas in combinatorics and the interaction of graph theory with other mathematical sciences. It is  published by John Wiley & Sons. The journal was established in 1977 by Frank Harary. The editors-in-chief are  Paul Seymour (Princeton University) and Carsten Thomassen (Technical University of Denmark).
North Dakota Highway 68
North Dakota Highway 68 (ND 68) is a 28.124-mile-long (45.261 km) east–west state highway in the U.S. state of North Dakota. ND 68's western terminus is a continuation as Montana Highway 23 (MT 23) at the Montana border, and the eastern terminus is at U.S. Route 85 (US 85)/ND 200 south of Alexander.

Alexander, North Dakota
Alexander is a city in McKenzie County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 319 at the 2020 census. Alexander was founded in 1905 and is named after early North Dakota politician Alexander McKenzie.
2004–05 Toto Cup Al
The 2004–05 Toto Cup Al was the 21st season of the third most important football tournament in Israel since its introduction. This was the first edition to be played with clubs of the Israeli Premier League, after 5 seasons of joint competition with Israeli Premier League and Liga Leumit clubs.

The competition began on 6 August 2004 and ended on 6 April 2005, with Hapoel Petah Tikva beating F.C. Ashdod 4–2 on penalties after 3–3 in the final.

Liga Leumit
The Israeli Liga Leumit (Hebrew: הליגה הלאומית, HaLiga HaLeumit, lit. 'National League') is the second division of the professional Israeli association football (soccer) league system. This second-tier league is placed directly below the Israeli Premier League.
Rudolf Stehli-Hausheer
Rudolf Stehli also referred as Rudolf Stehli-Hausheer (8 December 1816 - 14 March 1884) was a Swiss industrialist, philanthropist and politician who served on the National Council (Switzerland) from 1867 to 1869 for the Free Radical Liberals. He was previously a member of the municipal government, governing council and the Cantonal Council of Zurich between 1843 and 1878. Stehli was the founder of Stehli Silks and the patriarch of the Stehli family.

Cantonal Council of Zurich
The Cantonal Council of Zürich (German: Zürcher Kantonsrat) is the legislature of the canton of Zürich, in Switzerland. Zürich has a unicameral legislature.  The Cantonal Council has 180 seats, with members elected every four years.
Fisher's Lane Bridge
Fisher's Lane Bridge is a historic stone arch bridge that carries Fisher's Lane west of Ramona Avenue across Tacony Creek in Tacony Creek Park in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

The filled-spandrel stone arch bridge has a single span of 54 feet (16 m) and is 27.7 feet (8.4 m) wide. It is currently open to traffic.

Though claimed by some to have been re-built in 1796, a still-legible cornerstone in the bridge masonry shows the year 1759.

Arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today.
Telephone numbers in Saudi Arabia
This is a discussion of telephone numbers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The country's calling code is +966. In addition to a numbering plan, there are also dedicated numbers or number formats for Internet services, toll-free numbers, and public or emergency services.

Virgin Mobile
Virgin Mobile is a wireless communications brand used by seven independent brand-licensees worldwide. Virgin Mobile branded wireless communications services are available in Ireland, Canada, Colombia, Chile, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Poland and Mexico. Virgin Mobile branded services used to be offered in Australia, France, Singapore, India, Qatar, South Africa and the United States.

Each Virgin Mobile branded entity acts independently from the others; thus, the handsets, service plans and network radio interfaces vary from country to country. In a given country, the Virgin Mobile wireless entity is typically a partnership between Richard Branson's Virgin Group and an existing mobile network operator or mobile virtual network operator (MVNO).
Emmanuel Benner
Emmanuel Benner (28 March 1836, in Mulhouse – 23 September 1896, in Nantes) was a French Academic painter and draughtsman. The son of the painter Jean Benner-Fries, he was twin to fellow artist, Jean Benner, and the uncle of the painter Emmanuel Michel Benner, Jean's son. Like his twin brother, he was portrayed by fellow Alsatian, Jean-Jacques Henner.

Mulhouse
Mulhouse (/məˈluːz/ mə-LOOZ, French: [myluz] ⓘ; Alsatian: Mìlhüsa [mɪlˈhyːsa]; German: Mülhausen [myːlˈhaʊzn̩] ⓘ, meaning "mill house") is a French city of the European Collectivity of Alsace (Haut-Rhin department, in the Grand Est region of France). It is near the border with Switzerland and Germany. It is the largest city in Haut-Rhin and second largest in Alsace after Strasbourg.

Mulhouse is known for its museums, especially the Cité de l'Automobile (also known as the Musée national de l'automobile, 'National Museum of the Automobile') and the Cité du Train (also known as Musée Français du Chemin de Fer, 'French Museum of the Railway'), respectively the largest automobile and railway museums in the world. An industrial town nicknamed "the French Manchester", Mulhouse is also the main seat of the Upper Alsace University, where the secretariat of the European Physical Society is found.
Oskari Manninen
Oskari Manninen (born April 22, 1991) is a Finnish professional ice hockey player who is currently playing for Jokerit in the Mestis. He has previously played in the top flight Liiga with Jokerit, Sport, HPK, KooKoo, Tappara and HIFK.

Manninen made his Liiga debut playing with Jokerit during the 2013–14 Liiga season and following 12 seasons in the Liiga, he returned to Jokerit of the second tier Mestis, on a optional three-year contract on 14 May 2025.

Tappara
Tappara (pronounced [ˈtɑpːɑrɑ]; Finnish for "Battle axe") is a Finnish professional ice hockey team playing in the SM-liiga. They play at Nokia Arena in Tampere, Finland. The team has won 20 Finnish league championships, which makes them the most successful club in Finland. The team continued the traditions of the Tammerfors Bollklub.
The Moon and Sixpence (1942 film)
The Moon and Sixpence is a 1942 film adaptation of W. Somerset Maugham's 1919 novel of the same name, which was in part based on the life of the painter Paul Gauguin. Dimitri Tiomkin was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Music, Scoring of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture. Two versions were filmed. In one, Devi Wani, a Javanese actress, played Ata; in the other, Ms. Verdugo played her, to accommodate audiences for whom marriage between a Polynesian and an Englishman was considered unacceptable.

Academy Award for Best Original Score
The Academy Award for Best Original Score is an award presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) to the best substantial body of music in the form of dramatic underscoring written specifically for the film by the submitting composer. Some pre-existing music is allowed, though, but a contending film must include a minimum of original music. This minimum since 2021 is established as 35% of the music, which is raised to 80% for sequels and franchise films. Fifteen scores are shortlisted before nominations are announced.
Groupe Collaboration
The Groupe Collaboration was a French collaborationist group active during the Second World War. Largely eschewing the street politics of many such contemporary groups, it sought to establish cultural links with Nazi Germany and to appeal to the higher echelons of French life. It promoted a "Europeanist" outlook and sought the rebirth of France as part of a pan-European "National Revolution".

Pan-European nationalism
European nationalism (sometimes called pan-European nationalism or Euro-nationalism) is a form of pan-nationalism based on a pan-European identity. It has been only a minor far-right tendency since the National Party of Europe disintegrated in the 1970s.

It is distinct from Pro-Europeanism and European Federalism in being a chiefly neo-fascist ideology, as opposed to support of the European Union and European integration.
In a Warzone
In a Warzone is the third album by the American punk rock/hip hop band Transplants. It was premiered as a stream on Rolling Stone's website on June 17, 2013 and released via Epitaph Records on June 25, 2013. Recording sessions took place at Opra Music Studios and The Boat in Los Angeles. Audio production of the record was entirely handled by the Transplants with Christopher Holmes. Rancid's Matt Freeman, Left Alone's Elvis Cortez, UGK's Bun B, Bored Stiff's Equipto, and Expensive Taste's Paul Wall made their appearances on the album as additional musicians and vocalists. The band supported the album by touring with Rancid.

The album peaked at #58 on the Billboard 200 in the United States. Its lead single "Come Around" did not appear on any major chart.

Epitaph Records
Epitaph Records is an American independent record label owned by Bad Religion guitarist Brett Gurewitz. A large portion of the record label, known as Hellcat Records, is owned by Tim Armstrong, frontman of the punk rock band Rancid. Several sister labels also exist, such as ANTI-, Burning Heart Records, Hellcat Records, and Heart & Skull Records that have signed other types of bands.
Van der Veen Ice Stream
Van der Veen Ice Stream (83°50′S 130°00′W﻿ / ﻿83.833°S 130.000°W﻿ / -83.833; -130.000), formerly Ice Stream B1, is a large southeastern tributary to the Whillans Ice Stream in Marie Byrd Land, Antarctica. Named by Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN) after Cornelis J. "Kees" van der Veen, Byrd Polar Research Center and Departments of Geological Sciences and Geography, Ohio State University; glacial theoretician and collaborator with Ian Whillans, 1986–2001, in many seminal reports on the dynamics of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet, including former Ice Stream B, now Whillans Ice Stream.

Marie Byrd Land
Marie Byrd Land (MBL) is an unclaimed region of Antarctica. With an area of 1,610,000 km2 (620,000 sq mi), it is the largest unclaimed territory on Earth. It was named after the wife of American naval officer Richard E. Byrd, who explored the region in the early 20th century.

The territory lies in West Antarctica, east of the Ross Ice Shelf and the Ross Sea and south of the Pacific Ocean portion of the Antarctic or Southern Ocean, extending eastward approximately to a line between the head of the Ross Ice Shelf and Eights Coast. It stretches between 158°W and 103°24'W. The inclusion of the area between the Rockefeller Plateau and Eights Coast is based upon Byrd's exploration.
Finderscope
A finderscope is an accessory sighting device used in astronomy and stargazing, typically a small auxiliary refracting telescope/monocular mounted parallelly  on a larger astronomical telescope along the same line of sight. The finderscope usually has a much smaller magnification than the main telescope, thus providing a larger field of view, useful for manually pointing (a.k.a. "slewing") the main telescope into a roughly correct direction that can easily place a desired astronomical object in view when zooming in. Some finderscopes have sophisticated reticles to more accurately aim the main telescope and/or even perform stadiametric measurements.

Field of view
The field of view (FOV) is the angular extent of the observable world that is seen at any given moment. In the case of optical instruments or sensors, it is a solid angle through which a detector is sensitive to electromagnetic radiation. It is further relevant in photography.
The Fourth Direction
The Fourth Direction (Punjabi: Chauthi Koot) is a 2015 Indian Punjabi-language drama film directed by Gurvinder Singh. It is based on the short stories The Fourth Direction and I Am Feeling Fine Now from Indian author Waryam Singh Sandhu's 2005 collection Chauthi Koot. The film is produced by Kartikeya Narayan Singh and is set around the Sikh separatist movement of the 1980s. It is the second part of Singh’s Punjab Trilogy, after Alms for a Blind Horse (2011), and is followed by Crescent Night (2022).

It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival. It won the Silver Screen Award at the Singapore International Film Festival for Best Asian Feature Film in December 2015.

The film was shot mostly around Amritsar and Ferozepur in Punjab, India.

Singapore International Film Festival
The Singapore International Film Festival (SGIFF) (Chinese: 新加坡国际电影节) is the longest-running film festival in Singapore, founded in 1987.

The 36th Singapore International Film Festival took place from 26 November to 7 December 2025.
USS Clarinda
USS Clarinda (SP-185), later YP-185, was an armed yacht that served in the United States Navy as a patrol vessel from 1917 to 1930.

Clarinda was built in 1913 by the Matthews Boat Company at Port Clinton, Ohio, as a civilian twin-screw motor yacht of the same name. The U.S. Navy purchased her on 5 July 1917 for World War I service as a patrol vessel.  She was commissioned as USS Clarinda (SP-185) on 21 November 1917.

Assigned to the 6th Naval District, Clarinda was based at Charleston, South Carolina, for patrol and pilot duty for the duration of World War I. Retained in the Navy after the war, she continued service as a patrol vessel in the 6th Naval District until the end of 1930. Her classification was changed from section patrol craft (SP-185) to district patrol craft (YP-185) in 1920.

Clarinda was decommissioned at the Charleston Navy Yard at Charleston on 26 December 1930 and sold on 1 June 1931.

Charleston Naval Shipyard
Charleston Naval Shipyard (formerly known as the Charleston Navy Yard) was a U.S. Navy ship building and repair facility located along the west bank of the Cooper River, in North Charleston, South Carolina and part of Naval Base Charleston.
Emancipation (horse)
Emancipation (foaled 1979) was a champion Australian Thoroughbred racehorse.  By Bletchingly, Emancipation was a grey, like her dam, Ammo Girl, and her damsire, Gunsynd.  She was bred by Mark Hough, in New South Wales, after her dam was purchased from trainer Tommy Smith for just $1,700 due to her unsound conformation and her breeding (her sire was standing at a fee of only $1,500 at the time).  Her breeder was only interested in her as a broodmare, and approached her trainer, Neville Begg, to recommend someone who would lease her for racing purposes.

George Ryder Stakes
The George Ryder Stakes is an Australian Turf Club Group 1 Thoroughbred horse race for three-year-olds and over at Weight for age conditions, over a distance of 1500 metres at Rosehill Gardens Racecourse, Sydney, Australia in March or April. It is run on the same day as the Golden Slipper Stakes.
The prize money is A$1,000,000.

Winx is the only horse to have won the race more than two times.
Liga ASOBAL 2009–10
Liga ASOBAL 2009–10 season (known as the SabadellAtlántico ASOBAL for sponsorship reasons) was the 20th since its establishment. Ciudad Real were the defending champions, having won their 4th La Liga title in the previous season. The campaign began on Saturday, 13 September 2008. The league was originally scheduled to end on 16 May 2009. A total of 16 teams contest the league, 14 of which have already contested in the 2008–09 season, and two of which have been promoted from the División de Honor B. In addition, a new match ball - the SELECT Super Five - is serving as the official ball for all matches. Ciudad Real played a season without a loss and won the title for the 2nd consecutive time.

Select Sport
Select Sport A.S. is a Danish sports equipment manufacturer based in Glostrup, Denmark.

As of 2008, Select Sport provides the Danish Football Association with footballs, and also several clubs in the Danish, Belgian, and Portuguese top football leagues use Select balls.

Select also provides the Official Matchball for the Germany Bundesliga and Bundesliga 2 with Derbystar form 2018/19 season

Select balls are used in the Olympic handball games, as well as in the World Championship and in the Danish, Swedish and Spanish men's handball leagues, among others.

The company's U.S. subsidiary, Select Sport America, has contracts to supply soccer balls for the United Soccer League, National Premier Soccer League, NAIA, several NCAA Division II and Division III conferences, and state high school federations in Kentucky and Wisconsin.
Coleophora clypeiferella
Coleophora clypeiferella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found from Fennoscandia to France, Austria, Hungary and Bulgaria and from Great Britain to Latvia, Lithuania and Ukraine. It is also known from the Caucasus and Ural regions of Russia and China. It occurs in steppe and cultivated areas.

The wingspan is about 14 mm (0.55 in). They are on wing in July and August.

The larvae feed on Chenopodium album, Chenopodium rubrum and Chenopodium murale.

Chenopodium album
Chenopodium album is a fast-growing annual plant in the flowering plant family Amaranthaceae. Though cultivated in some regions, the plant is elsewhere considered a weed. Common names include lamb's quarters, melde, goosefoot, wild spinach and fat-hen, though several are also applied to other species of the genus Chenopodium, for which reason it is often distinguished as white goosefoot.
Calcutta Film Society
Calcutta Film Society was  India’s second film society in the city of Kolkata (then Calcutta), West Bengal, India. It was founded in 1947, just after independence, by Satyajit Ray, Chidananda Dasgupta, Sunil Janah, RP Gupta, Bansi Chandragupta, Harisadhan Dasgupta and others. The 1925 silent film directed by Sergei Eisenstein, The Battleship Potemkin was the first film screened at the film society, which over the years developed the reputation of having the "most cine-literate audiences in the country". It was revived in 1956 with the efforts of stalwarts like Dasgupta, Vijaya Mulay, Diptendu Pramanick and Satyajit Ray.

Today it is seen as an important harbinger of New Wave cinema in India, as it allowed first hand access to world cinema to local viewers and in time started the film society movement in India.

Battleship Potemkin
Battleship Potemkin is a 1925 Soviet silent epic film produced by Mosfilm. Directed and co-written by Sergei Eisenstein, it presents a dramatization of the mutiny that occurred in 1905 when the crew of the Russian battleship Potemkin rebelled against their officers.

The film is a prime example of the Soviet montage theory of editing, such as in the "Odessa Steps" scene, which became widely influential and often recreated. In 1958, the film was voted on Brussels 12 list at the 1958 World Expo. Battleship Potemkin is widely considered one of the greatest films ever made. In the most recent Sight and Sound critics' poll in 2022, it was voted the fifty-fourth-greatest film of all time, and it had been placed in the top 10 in many previous editions.
Viktoria Siradze
Viktoria Moiseyevna "Vika" Siradze (Georgian: ვიქტორია "ვიკა" სირაძე; Russian: Викто́рия Моисе́евна Сира́дзе; 27 May 1929, Tbilisi – 22 February 2024) was a Georgian politician. She was a deputy in the Supreme Soviet of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic from 1955 to 1962 and 1967 to 1989. She was appointed Deputy Prime Minister of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1962.

Supreme Soviet of the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic
The Supreme Soviet of the Georgian SSR (Georgian: საქართველოს სსრ-ის უმაღლესი საბჭო, sakartvelos ssr-is umaghlesi sabch’o; Russian: Верховный Совет Грузинской ССР, romanized: Verkhovnyy Sovet Gruzinskoy SSR) was the highest organ of state authority of the Georgian SSR from 1938 to 1990.
JS++
JS++ is a programming language for web development that extends JavaScript with a sound type system. It includes imperative, object-oriented, functional, and generic programming features. It is free and open-source software released under a BSD license.

Imperative programming
In computer science, imperative programming is a programming paradigm of software that uses statements that change a process' state. In much the same way that the imperative mood in natural languages expresses commands, an imperative program consists of commands for the computer to perform. Imperative programming focuses on describing how a program operates step by step (with general order of the steps being determined in source code by the placement of statements one below the other), rather than on high-level descriptions of its expected results.

The term is often used in contrast to declarative programming, which focuses on what the program should accomplish without specifying all the details of how the program should achieve the result.
Sagrado Corazón station
Sagrado Corazón station is a rapid transit station in San Juan, Puerto Rico. Located the Martín Peña neighborhood at the southern edge of Santurce. The station is named after the district and the university of the same name. Opening on December 17, 2004, this is the northern terminus of the Tren Urbano line. The station features a stained glass display of public art display entitled Vitral by Luis Hernández Cruz.

Plaza Las Américas (Puerto Rico)
Plaza Las Américas is a shopping mall in Hato Rey, San Juan, Puerto Rico, located at the intersection of Routes 18 and 22. "Plaza", as it is known to many Puerto Ricans, was the first indoor shopping mall built in Puerto Rico. It is the largest shopping mall in the Caribbean and the second largest in Latin America. Anchor stores are JCPenney, Macy's, Old Navy, Caribbean Cinemas and Marshalls. Previously, there was a Kmart store near the mall and a Sears Brand Central. The mall is home to the world's largest Romano's Macaroni Grill restaurant.
Omphalea triandra
Omphalea triandra, also known as Jamaican cobnut and pop nut is a plant species endemic to Jamaica and Haiti.

Larvae of certain species of moths of the genus Urania feed on the leaves of Omphalea triandra.

Urania (moth)
Urania is a genus of colorful, dayflying moths in the family Uraniidae, native to warmer parts of the Americas. Their larvae feed on Omphalea.

The genus name Urania is Neo-Latin from Latin Urania from Ancient Greek Ουρανία, one of the Muses, literally 'The Heavenly One'.
Don Gordon (actor)
Don Gordon (born Donald Walter Guadagno; November 13, 1926 – April 24, 2017) was an American film and television actor.  His most notable film roles were those in which he appeared alongside his friend Steve McQueen: Bullitt (1968), Papillon (1973) and The Towering Inferno (1974). Between the first and the last of those films he appeared in The Gamblers (1970), WUSA (1970), Cannon for Cordoba (1970), The Last Movie (1971), Z.P.G. (1972), Fuzz (1972), Slaughter (1972), The Mack (1973),  
The Education of Sonny Carson (1974) and Omen III: The Final Conflict (1981) as the ill-fated assistant to protagonist Damien Thorn.

Damien Thorn
Damien Thorn is a fictional character and the main antagonist of The Omen franchise. He is the Antichrist and the son of the Devil. The character has been portrayed by Harvey Spencer Stephens, Jonathan Scott-Taylor, Sam Neill, Seamus Davey-Fitzpatrick and Bradley James.