hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Salton Sea Authority
The Salton Sea Authority is a joint powers authority whose goal is the revitalization of the Salton Sea in California.  It was created on June 2, 1993 by the U.S. state of California "for the purpose of ensuring the beneficial uses of the Salton Sea."  It has representatives from the Coachella Valley Water District, the Imperial Irrigation District, Riverside County, Imperial County and the Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians.

The purpose of the Salton Sea Authority is to work with California state agencies, federal agencies, and Mexico to develop programs that would continue beneficial use of the Salton Sea.  The Authority defines "beneficial use" to include the primary purpose of the Sea as a depository for agricultural drainage, storm water and wastewater flows; as well as for protection of endangered species, fisheries and waterfowl; and for recreational purposes. In 2006, the Authority issued a multi-purpose plan for the restoration of the Sea.

Cahuilla
The Cahuilla, also known as ʔívil̃uqaletem or Ivilyuqaletem, are a Native American people of the various tribes of the Cahuilla Nation, living in the inland areas of southern California. Their original territory encompassed about 2,400 square miles (6,200 km2). The traditional Cahuilla territory was near the geographic center of Southern California. It was bounded to the north by the San Bernardino Mountains, to the south by Borrego Springs and the Chocolate Mountains, to the east by the Colorado Desert, and to the west by the San Jacinto Plain and the eastern slopes of the Palomar Mountains.
Nizhneye Sazovo
Nizhneye Sazovo (Russian: Нижнее Сазово; Bashkir: Түбәнге Һаҙ, Tübänge Haź) is a rural locality (a village) in Maxyutovsky Selsoviet, Kugarchinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 59 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

Kugarchinsky District
Kugarchinsky District (Russian: Кугарчи́нский райо́н; Bashkir: Күгәрсен районы, romanized: Kügärsen rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the southwest of the republic and borders Meleuzovsky District in the north, Burzyansky District in the northeast, Zilairsky District in the east, Zianchurinsky District in the south, Orenburg Oblast in the southwest, and Kuyurgazinsky District in the west. The area of the district is 3,371 square kilometers (1,302 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Mrakovo. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 31,444, with the population of Mrakovo accounting for 27.6% of that number.
White Bluff (Demopolis, Alabama)
White Bluff, also known as Ecor Blanc, is a historic site located along the Tombigbee River in Demopolis, Alabama.  It is a chalk cliff, roughly one mile long, that is composed of a geological layer known as the Demopolis Chalk Formation, part of the Selma Group.  The upper portions of the cliff stood almost 80 feet (24 m) above the river before the construction of the Demopolis Lock and Dam downriver.  It now averages about 30 feet (9.1 m) above the river.

White Bluff was first named Ecor Blanc by 18th century French explorers and map makers. It also became known as the Chickasaw Gallery because early Native American inhabitants harnessed their boats at the foot of the cliff.  It was the site where French Bonapartist refugees landed in 1817 and established their Vine and Olive Colony.  White Bluff is the site for the main event of the annual Christmas on the River festival.

Selma Group
The Selma Group is a geological group in North America, within the U.S. states of Alabama, Mississippi, and Tennessee. The strata date from the Santonian to the Maastrichtian stages of the Late Cretaceous. The group is composed of, in ascending order, the Mooreville Chalk Formation, Demopolis Chalk Formation, Ripley Formation, and Prairie Bluff Chalk Formation.  Dinosaur and mosasaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the Selma Group.

Oil was discovered in 1939 within the Late Cretaceous Woodruff Sandstone within the Selma Chalk Formation.  Known as Mississippi's first oil field, the Tinsley Oil Field is located adjacent to Tinsley, Mississippi.
1995 Turks and Caicos Islands general election
General elections were held in the Turks and Caicos Islands on 2 February 1995. The result was a victory for the opposition People's Democratic Movement (PDM), which won eight of the thirteen seats in the Legislative Council. Following the elections, PDM leader Derek Hugh Taylor became Chief Minister.

Derek Hugh Taylor
Derek Hugh Taylor (born 1 October 1951) is a Turks and Caicos Islander politician who served as the 6th Chief Minister of the Turks and Caicos Islands from 31 January 1995 to 15 August 2004. He is the former leader of the People's Democratic Movement (PDM) party.

He was re-elected to the Turks and Caicos Islands House of Assembly as an at-large member in the 2012 general elections but later lost his seat in the 2021 general elections as he didn't make it into the top 5 At-Large, as received the 9th most votes with 2,352 votes.
Hamina Fortress
Hamina Fortress (Finnish: Haminan linnoitus) is located in Finland on the coast of the Gulf of Finland and it is an integral part of the Hamina city centre. Hamina fortress is a Star fort, representing the Renaissance ideal city embodied by Palmanova city in northeastern Italy.

Bastion fort
A bastion fort or trace italienne (a phrase derived from non-standard French, meaning 'Italian outline') is a fortification in a style developed during the early modern period in response to the ascendancy of gunpowder weapons such as cannon, which rendered earlier medieval approaches to fortification obsolete. It appeared in the mid-fifteenth century in Italy. Some types, especially when combined with ravelins and other outworks, resembled the related star fort of the same era.

The design of the fort is normally a polygon with bastions at the corners of the walls. These outcroppings eliminated protected blind spots, called "dead zones", and allowed fire along the curtain wall from positions protected from direct fire. Many bastion forts also feature cavaliers, which are raised secondary structures based entirely inside the primary structure.
Children of the Forest (album)
Children of the Forest is an album by percussionist Milford Graves on which he is joined by saxophonists Arthur Doyle and Hugh Glover. It was recorded at Graves' basement laboratory and workshop in Queens, New York, in early 1976, in the months preceding the session that yielded the album Bäbi, which featured the same personnel. The album, which includes photographs by Val Wilmer, was released in 2023 on vinyl as a double LP set by Black Editions Archive as part of the Milford Graves Archival series.

Bäbi (album)
Bäbi is a live album by American percussionist Milford Graves, recorded in March 1976 and released in 1977 by the Institute of Percussive Studies, a label owned and run by Graves and Andrew Cyrille. The album features Graves on drums and percussion, along with reed players Arthur Doyle and Hugh Glover.

The album was reissued in 2018 by Corbett vs. Dempsey. The original tapes of the concert had been lost, so the reissue was remastered directly from vinyl. In the meantime, Graves, while looking through his archives, discovered a tape of the trio dating from 1969. Four tracks from this tape were included in the reissue.
Stella Gaitano
Stella Gaitano (Arabic: إستيلا قايتانو; born 17 November 1979 in Khartoum, Sudan) is a creative writer, activist and former pharmacist from South Sudan. She is known for her short stories, often dealing with the harsh living conditions of people from southern Sudan, who have endured discrimination and military dictatorship, war and displacement in the northern part of Sudan. Since the independence of South Sudan in 2011, she has also published short stories about life in her new nation.

Gaitano was named as Writer of Courage by Leila Aboulela, the 2025 winner of the PEN Pinter Prize, with whom the award was shared.

Military dictatorship
A military dictatorship is a type of dictatorship where supreme power is held and exercised by the armed forces. Military dictatorships are usually led by the commander-in-chief of the military or the leading figure in military junta. They are most often formed by military coups or by the empowerment of the military through a popular uprising in times of domestic unrest or instability. The military nominally seeks power to restore order or fight corruption, but the personal motivations of military officers will vary.

Modern military dictatorship developed in Latin America during the 19th century, and it expanded in Europe during the early-20th century. It saw a resurgence during the Cold War, and new military dictatorships were established in Africa, Asia, and Latin America in the 1960s. Some scholars have asserted that the number of military dictatorships has declined since the end of the Cold War.
CMT Music Fest
43°28′21.38″N 80°26′59.67″W﻿ / ﻿43.4726056°N 80.4499083°W﻿ / 43.4726056; -80.4499083

CMT Music Fest was a two-day country music festival presented by Corus Live, a division of Corus Entertainment, which also owns the Canadian specialty channel CMT. The inaugural event was held on July 8–9, 2016 at Bingemans in Kitchener, Ontario, Canada.

Specialty channel
A specialty channel (also known in the United States as a cable channel or cable network) can be a commercial broadcasting or non-commercial television channel which consists of television programming focused on a single genre, subject or targeted television market at a specific demographic.
Socialist Party of Latvia
The Socialist Party of Latvia (Latvian: Latvijas Sociālistiskā partija, abbr. LSP; Russian: Социалистическая партия Латвии) is a communist party in Latvia. It is positioned on the far-left on the political spectrum.

It was formed in 1994 as a successor party to the Communist Party of Latvia, which was banned in 1991. According to the "programme of the party", the LSP was founded as an organization upholding socialist ideas after the 1991 events that the party describes as a "counter-revolutionary bourgeois-nationalist coup".

Abbreviation
An abbreviation (from Latin  brevis 'short') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing full stop (period). For example, the term etc. is the usual abbreviation for the Latin phrase et cetera.
Aldrei fór ég suður
Aldrei fór ég suður (transl. I never went south) is an annual music festival held in Ísafjörður, Iceland, every Easter weekend since 2004. It is the brainchild of Mugison and his father, Guðmundur Kristjánsson, who came up with the idea after playing on a music festival in London in 2003, and is named after Bubbi Morthens song of the same name. Since its establishment, there has never been an entry fee to the festival and the bands do not get paid.

The festival is broadcast nationally live on Rás 2 and RÚV.

In 2020, the festival was only broadcast on TV and on the internet due to the coronavirus pandemic in Iceland.

Rás 2
Rás 2 (Channel 2) is an Icelandic radio station belonging to the National Icelandic Broadcasting Service, RÚV. Launched on 1 December 1983, it is currently the highest-rated radio station in Iceland, with a schedule composed chiefly of news, current affairs, and pop and rock music.
Our Lady's College, Greenhills
Our Lady's College, Greenhills is a Roman Catholic all-girls college located in Greenhills, Drogheda, County Louth, in the Republic of Ireland. The College is run under the auspices of the Presentation Sisters.

County Louth
County Louth (/laʊð/ LOWDH; Irish: Contae Lú) is a coastal county in the Eastern and Midland Region of Ireland, within the province of Leinster. Louth is bordered by the counties of Meath to the south, Monaghan to the west, Armagh to the north and Down to the north-east, across Carlingford Lough. It is the smallest county in Ireland by land area and the 17th most populous, with just over 139,100 residents as of 2022. The county is named after the village of Louth. Louth County Council is the local authority for the county.
HMS Messenger
Three vessels of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Messenger:

HMS Messenger (1672) was a Dutch 6-gun dogger captured in 1672 and sold in 1673

HMS Messenger (1694) was a 6-gun advice boat built in 1694 and foundered in the Atlantic in 1701

HMS Messenger (1830) was the paddle vessel Duke of York, purchased in 1830 and sold in 1861

Dogger (boat)
The dogger (Dutch pronunciation: [dɔɣər]) was a group of similar fishing boats, described as early as the fourteenth century, that commonly operated in the North Sea. Early examples were single-masted and were largely used for fishing for cod by rod and line. By the seventeenth century, two-masted doggers were common and were using trawl nets.
Doggers were slow but sturdy vessels, capable of fishing in the rough conditions of the North Sea.
Havenga
Havenga is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arno Havenga (born 1974), Dutch water polo player and coach

Nicolaas Havenga (1882–1957), South African politician

Willie Havenga (1924–2008), South African footballer

Wynand Havenga (1965–2025), South African darts player

Willie Havenga
William Stephanus Havenga (6 November 1924 – 12 December 2008), commonly known as Billy or Willie Havenga, was a South African professional footballer who played in the Football League for Birmingham City, Luton Town and Ipswich Town. He also played in South Africa and in non-league football in England.
Pontypridd, Caerphilly and Newport Railway
The Pontypridd, Caerphilly and Newport Railway was built to bring the coal output of the Aberdare and Rhondda valleys directly to Alexandra Docks at Newport.

It was a little over 5 miles (8 km) in length, running from Pontypridd to a junction near Caerphilly; from there to Newport existing allied railways conveyed the mineral trains. A passenger service was operated later, not stopping intermediately on the line, until in 1904 a railmotor service was started, calling at new low-cost intermediate stopping places.

The line closed to passengers in 1962, and to freight from 1965.

Caerphilly
Caerphilly (/kəˈfɪli/, /kɑːrˈfɪli/; Welsh: Caerffili, Welsh pronunciation: [ˌkairˈfɪli] ⓘ) is a town and community in Wales. It is situated at the southern end of the Rhymney Valley and separated from the Cardiff suburbs of Lisvane and Rhiwbina by Caerphilly Mountain.

It is 7 miles (11 km) north of Cardiff and 9.5 miles (15.3 km) west of Newport. It is the largest town in Caerphilly County Borough and lies within the historic borders of Glamorgan, on the border with Monmouthshire.  At the 2011 Census, the town had a population of 41,402 while the wider Caerphilly local authority area had a population of 178,806.
Indian cricket team in Pakistan in 1978–79
The India national cricket team toured Pakistan during the 1978–79 cricket season. They played three Test matches against the Pakistan cricket team, with Pakistan winning the series 2–0. The tour also featured three One Day International (ODI) matches. In the third match, India's captain, Bishen Bedi, conceded the game in protest against Sarfraz Nawaz short-pitched bowling. It was the first time an international cricket match had ended in this way. India also played six tour matches, all of which were first-class fixtures.

Anshuman Gaekwad
Anshuman Dattajirao Gaekwad pronunciationⓘ (23 September 1952 – 31 July 2024) was an Indian cricketer and two-time Indian national cricket coach. In a career spanning over a decade, he played 40 Test matches and 15 One Day Internationals between 1974 and 1984. His father, Datta Gaekwad was also an Indian test cricketer. Gaekwad was the coach of the Indian team that finished joint-winners at the 2000 ICC Champions Trophy.

Gaekwad was a recipient of the C. K. Nayudu Lifetime Achievement Award, Indian cricket's highest honour, in 2018.
1925 Canton Bulldogs season
The 1925 Canton Bulldogs season was their fifth in the National Football League and their first season since 1923. The team failed to improve on their previous record against NFL opponents of 11–0–1, winning only four NFL games. They finished eleventh in the league.

1923 Canton Bulldogs season
The 1923 Canton Bulldogs season was their fourth in the National Football League (NFL). The team continued to build upon their undefeated 10 win season of 1922 by winning eleven games, with one tie. With the best record in the league, for the second straight year they were crowned the NFL Champions.
León Herrera Esteban
León Herrera Esteban (4 July 1922 – 24 September 2003) was a Spanish military officer and politician. He served as the minister of information and tourism in the first cabinet of Carlos Arias Navarro in the period 1974–1975.

Ministry of Information and Tourism
The Ministry of Information and Tourism (Spanish: Ministerio de Información y Turismo) was a ministerial department of the Government of Spain created in 1951 during the dictatorship of Francisco Franco to control information and the censorship of press and radio. The ministry also assumed the management of Tourism, an important industry at that time when it had an important flowering. In historiography, some authors consider it as a simple Ministry of Propaganda.
Hatem Kamil
Hatem Kamil Abdul Fatah (died November 1, 2004) was the deputy governor of Iraq's Baghdad Governorate.

Hatem Kamil was assassinated by gunmen at 7.47am in a drive-by shooting in Baghdad, in the southern district of Dura, while on his way to work. Two of his bodyguards were wounded in the attack. At the time of his death he had two children, a two-year-old daughter and a three-year-old son.

Hatem Kamil served as the Iraqi government's negotiator in Fallujah and had challenged claims that the terrorist Abu Musab al-Zarqawi was actually in the region. "We want to know what evidence there is of Zarqawi's presence in Fallujah," he said in an interview with Al Jazeera television, prior to his assassination. "Zarqawi has become like Iraqi WMD ... We hear this name, but it doesn't exist. More than 15 to 20 houses were destroyed in Fallujah because they were accused of harboring Zarqawi or Zarqawi's followers."

Baghdad Governorate
Baghdad Governorate (Arabic: محافظة بغداد Muḥāfaẓat Baġdād), also known as the Baghdad Province, is the capital governorate of Iraq. It includes the capital Baghdad as well as the surrounding metropolitan area. The governorate is one of two small provinces of all 18 in Iraq into which the country divides entirely, yet by a margin of almost three-to-one, the most populous.
2001 Dwars door Vlaanderen
The 2001 Dwars door Vlaanderen was the 56th edition of the Dwars door Vlaanderen cycle race and was held on 28 March 2001. The race started in Kortrijk and finished in Waregem. The race was won by Niko Eeckhout.

Niko Eeckhout
Niko Eeckhout (born 16 December 1970) is a Belgian former road racing cyclist who rode professionally between 1992 and 2013. He was the 2005–2006 UCI Europe Tour Series Champion and won the 2006 Belgian National Cycling Championship Road Race. After retiring from racing he became a coach, initially with his final professional team An Post–Chain Reaction.
Licei Linguistico e Pedagogico di Montepulciano
The Licei Linguistico e Pedagogico is a languages school, located in Montepulciano, Province of Siena, Tuscany, Italy.

Its history goes back to the Scuole Granducali opened by Leopold II, Grand Duke of Tuscany in 1774.

Montepulciano
Montepulciano (Italian: [ˌmontepulˈtʃaːno]) is a medieval and Renaissance hill town and comune in the Italian province of Siena in southern Tuscany. It sits high on a 605-metre (1,985 ft) limestone ridge, 13 kilometres (8 mi) east of Pienza, 70 kilometres (43 mi) southeast of Siena, 124 kilometres (77 mi) southeast of Florence, and 186 kilometres (116 mi) north of Rome by car.

Montepulciano is a wine-producing region. The Vino Nobile di Montepulciano has Denominazione di origine controllata e garantita status and is, with the Brunello di Montalcino and Chianti Classico, one of the principal red wines of Tuscany. The Rosso di Montepulciano and Vin Santo di Montepulciano have Denominazione di origine controllata status.
Cikha
Cikha is a town located in Tonzang Township, Tedim District, Chin State of Myanmar (Burma). It is close to the border with the Manipur state of India, with Behiang being the opposite town in India. Cikha is the administrative seat of Cikha Sub-township.

Cikha is in the valley of the Tuivai River, which is also called "Cikha stream" in Myanmar. The officials of British Raj also used "Chikoo stream" for the name of the river. Tuivai enters the Indian territory near Behiang and follows a winding course till its confluence with the Barak River at Tipaimukh.

The town was captured by the Chin National Army on May 19, 2024, during the country's ongoing civil war.

Tipaimukh
Tipaimukh is the mouth of the Tuivai River (also called Tipai River) as its joins the Barak River. Its location is the southern tip of the Vangaitang range, around which the Barak River makes a U-turn.

Tipaimukh is a historic location. It lay on the "old ancient trade route" of Manipur towards the west, called the "Khongjai route". It led to Kachar and Bengal. In early 19th century, British geographers described Tipaimukh as the junction of the kingdoms Manipur, Tripura (now Mizoram) and Kachar (now Assam). The boundary of Manipur was moved down south to its present location in 1900. Tipaimukh however remains on the western boundary of Manipur.

The name of Tipaimukh has been used to name a subdivision of the Churachandpur district in 1972. It included the Vangaitang range as well as the hills to south and southeast of Tipaimukh. The Vangaitang range was subsequently separated as the Vangai Range Subdivision, and the remaining hill area continues as the Tipaimukh–Parbung Subdivision.
Herrington Country Park
Herrington Country Park is a country park and open public space in Sunderland, Tyne and Wear. Located adjacent to Penshaw Monument, the park was built on the site of a former colliery. The park has developed into a significant home for wildlife, hosting up to 100 species of birds. The park also includes a play area, sculptures, an amphitheatre, and a model boat sailing site at the lake.

The park has hosted several major events, including Lets Rock, the UKs largest retro festival brand in 2018 and 2019, and BBC Radio 1's Big Weekend in 2005, with Gwen Stefani, Foo Fighters and the Black Eyed Peas, as well as the Olympic Torch Relay in 2012. It also acts as the venue for the local Kubix Festival since 2018.

From 2024 the Kubix Rock Festival is being rebranded to Monument Festival.

Since 20 July 2019, the park has held a free weekly 5km parkrun on a Saturday morning starting at 9 am.

2012 Summer Olympics torch relay
The 2012 Summer Olympics torch relay was run from 19 May until 27 July, prior to the London 2012 Summer Olympics. The torch bearer selection process was announced on 18 May 2011.

As well as touring the United Kingdom the schedule included the three crown dependencies of Jersey, Guernsey and the Isle of Man, and also the Republic of Ireland.