hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eva Reich
Eva Renate Reich (Austrian German: [raɪç]; 27 April 1924, Vienna – 10 August 2008, Hancock, Maine) was an Austrian American physician who developed a type of infant massage.

Reich was the eldest child of Annie Pink and Wilhelm Reich, who was a well-known psychoanalyst who studied with Sigmund Freud. Reich was born in Vienna and moved to America in 1938 at the age of 14 and then studied at Barnard College and then a medical degree from Women's Medical College of Pennsylvania and went on to marry William Moise, whom she divorced in 1974. Reich continued some of her father's work and found recognition for her energy massage during the New Age movements of the 1960s. Reich retired in 1992 and suffered a series of strokes before her death in 2008 at the age of 84.

Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania
Founded in 1850, The Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania (WMCP), formally known as The Female Medical College of Pennsylvania, was the first American medical college dedicated to teaching women medicine and allowing them to earn the Doctor of Medicine degree.

In 1867, the college was renamed the Woman's Medical College. The college has trained thousands of women physicians from all over the world, many of whom went on to practice medicine internationally. In 1970, the college became the co-ed Medical College of Pennsylvania. In 1993, the college and hospital merged with Hahnemann Medical School. In 2003, the two colleges were absorbed by Drexel University College of Medicine.
National road 39 (Poland)
National Road 39 (Polish: Droga krajowa 39) is a route belonging to the Polish national roads network. It runs through Łagiewniki in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship into the Opole Voivodeship where it leads to Brzeg and joins the National Road 11 in Kępno in the Greater Poland Voivodeship.

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie, [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔ̃skjɛ] ⓘ) in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi) and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.

It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland, as natural resources such as copper, brown coal and rock materials are widely present.

Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to several spa towns, many castles and palaces, and the Giant Mountains, with several ski resorts. For this reason, tourism is a large part of this region's economy.
Bryn Lewis
Major Brinley Lewis (4 January 1891 – 2 April 1917), known as Bryn Lewis, was a Welsh international rugby union wing who played club rugby for Newport and Cambridge University. He is one of twelve Welsh internationals to have died in active duty during World War I.

Cambridge University R.U.F.C.
The Cambridge University Rugby Union Football Club, sometimes abbreviated "CURUFC", is the rugby union club of the University of Cambridge. The team plays Oxford University RFC in the annual Varsity Match at Twickenham Stadium every December.

Cambridge players wear light blue and white hooped jerseys with a red lion crest. Many have gone on to represent their country and the British and Irish Lions; a few, most notably Dan Vickerman, James Horwill and Flip van der Merwe, have represented Cambridge after successful international careers. While at the University of Cambridge James Bevan became the first captain of the Wales national rugby union team. The CURUFC stadium is located in West Cambridge, beside Grange Road.
Chupzang Nunnery
Chupzang Nunnery (Chu bzang dgon) is a historical nunnery, belonging to Sera Monastery. It is located north of Lhasa in Tibet, China. Though the site was established as a hermitage around 1665, it was converted into an exclusive nunnery in 1984 and has since grown into one of the largest nunneries in the Lhasa Valley.

Chupzang, also spelt Chubzang, in Tibetan means "fresh water" or "good water" and is so-named because water is supplied by a natural spring.

5th Dalai Lama
The 5th Dalai Lama, Ngawang Lobsang Gyatso (Tibetan: ངག་དབང་བློ་བཟང་རྒྱ་མཚོ་, Wylie: Ngag-dbang blo-bzang rgya-mtsho) (1617–1682) was recognized as the 5th Dalai Lama, and he became the first Dalai Lama to hold both Tibet's political and spiritual leadership roles.

He is often referred to simply as the Great Fifth, being the key religious and temporal leader of Tibetan Buddhism and Tibet. He is credited with unifying all of Tibet under the Ganden Phodrang, after Gushri Khan's successful military interventions.

As an independent head of state, he established priest and patron relations with both Mongolia and the Qing dynasty simultaneously, and had positive relations with other neighboring countries.

He began the custom of meeting early European explorers.

The 5th Dalai Lama built the Potala Palace, and also wrote 24 volumes' worth of scholarly and religious works on a wide range of subjects.
Bernard Lenoir
Bernard Lenoir (born 13 September 1945) is a former radio presenter.

He was born in Deauville, and moved to Algeria which he left in 1962, working on the Côte d'Azur as a DJ. He briefly sang in a surf pop group called Les Radis Beurre.

Lenoir began on the French public radio station France Inter in the early 1970s as a music programmer on veteran presenter José Artur's Pop-Club show. He then presented the rock programme Feedback from September 1978 until November 1984. Afterwards, Lenoir worked in various stations, including the Antenne 2 public television programme Les Enfants du rock, and the Europe 1 radio station.

In September 1990, Lenoir resumed broadcasting on France Inter in the evening shift.  His programme, which ran until the 2010–2011 season, was first called L'Inrockuptible, after the magazine Les Inrockuptibles, and later renamed C'est Lenoir (This is Lenoir).

He is currently retired in Biarritz, France.

France Inter
France Inter (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃s ɛ̃tɛʁ]) is a French public radio channel and part of Radio France.

It is the successor to Paris Inter, later known as France I, and created as a merger of the France I and France II networks, first as RTF Inter in October 1963, then renamed to its current name in December of that year. It is a "generalist" station, aiming to provide a wide national audience with a full service of news and spoken-word programming, both serious and entertaining, liberally punctuated with an eclectic mix of music. It is broadcast on FM and DAB+ from a nationwide network of transmitters, as well as via the internet.

It is the most popular station in France with over 7 million daily listeners.
Kemna Bau
KEMNA BAU Andreae GmbH & Co. KG is one of the largest German construction companies and the largest street infrastructure provider in Germany with its headquarters inside the country. The company was originally founded under the name of J.Kemna/Breslau and was a Steam engine, steam tractor, locomotive, steam plow, road roller and tractor factory in Wroclaw, part of Germany until 1945.

Steam tractor
A steam tractor is a tractor powered by a steam engine which is used for pulling.

In North America, the term steam tractor usually refers to a type of agricultural tractor powered by a steam engine, used extensively in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

In Great Britain, the term steam tractor is more usually applied to the smallest models of traction engine – typically those weighing seven tons or less – used for hauling small loads on public roads.  Although known as light steam tractors, these engines are generally just smaller versions of the "road locomotive".

This article concentrates on the steam-powered agricultural vehicles intended for the direct-pulling of plows and other implements (as opposed to cable-hauling).
Serena Valentino
Serena Valentino is an American comic book writer, author, and storyteller. She created the comic book series Gloomcookie and Nightmares & Fairy Tales. She also authored the Villain novels published by Disney Press, which have earned Valentino critical acclaim for her style of storytelling.

Disney Publishing Worldwide
Disney Publishing Worldwide (DPW), formerly known as The Disney Publishing Group and Buena Vista Publishing Group, is the publishing subsidiary of Disney Experiences, a subsidiary of the Walt Disney Company. Its imprints include Disney Editions, Disney Press, Kingswell, Freeform, and Hyperion Books for Children. It has creative centers in Glendale, California, and Milan, Italy.
Sparkle Hearts
Sparkle Hearts (Burmese: ရင်ထဲကြွေတဲ့ကြယ်) is a Burmese drama television series directed by  Wai Yan Pe starring Aung Ye Lin, A Linn Yaung, Pan Yaung Chel, Poe Mamhe Thar, Moht Moht Myint Aung, Min Oo, Nay Myo Aung and Myat Kay Thi Aung. It was produced by Bonanza Production.

Its season 1 aired on Canal+ Zat Lenn, from December 11, 2023, to January 19, 2024, and season 2 aired from February 19, to April 12, 2024, on Mondays to Fridays, at 19:30 (MMT).

Myanmar Standard Time
Myanmar Standard Time (Burmese: မြန်မာ စံတော်ချိန်, [mjəmà sàɰ̃dɔ̀dʑèiɰ̃]), formerly Burma Standard Time (BST), is the standard time in Myanmar, 6.5 hours ahead of UTC.  Myanmar Standard Time (MMT) is calculated on the basis of 97°30′E longitude. MMT is used all year round, as Myanmar has never observed daylight saving time.
Inge Hammarström
Hans Inge Hammarström (born 20 January 1948) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey left winger. He played six seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL) for the Toronto Maple Leafs and St. Louis Blues between 1973 and 1979. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1964 to 1982, was spent in the Swedish Division 1 and Elitserien, the top leagues at the time. Internationally Hammarström played for the Swedish national team at several tournaments, including the 1972 Winter Olympics and five World Championships. After retiring Hammarström worked as a scout.

1972 Winter Olympics
The 1972 Winter Olympics, officially the XI Olympic Winter Games and commonly known as Sapporo 1972, were a winter multi-sport event held from February 3 to 13, 1972, in Sapporo, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. It was the first Winter Olympic Games to take place outside Europe and North America.
Sieber (surname)
Sieber is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Al Sieber (1843–1907), German-American chief of scouts

Bodo Sieber (born 1979), German rugby player

Caroline Sieber (born 1982), Austrian fashion stylist

Christoph Sieber (born 1971), Austrian sailor

Christopher Sieber (born 1969), American actor

Ernst Sieber (1927–2018), Swiss pastor and politician

Fiona Sieber (born 2000), German chess master

Franz Sieber (1789–1844), German botanist

Günter Sieber (1930–2006), German politician

Josef Sieber (1900-1962), German film actor

Lothar Sieber (1922–1945), German test pilot

Lothar Sieber
Lothar Sieber (7 April 1922 – 1 March 1945) was a German test pilot who was killed in the first vertical take-off manned rocket flight, in a Bachem Ba 349 "Natter".

Before he became a test pilot for Bachem, he piloted an Arado Ar 232 in highly risky sorties. Shortly before his flight, he had become engaged to Gertrud Naudit, a Luftwaffenhelfer. Sieber had held the rank of second lieutenant but was demoted to private after an alcohol-related AWOL. Posthumuously he was promoted to Oberleutnant.
Effective mode volume
For an optical fiber, the effective mode volume is the square of the product of the diameter of the near-field pattern and the sine of the radiation angle of the far-field pattern. The diameter of the near-field radiation pattern is defined here as the full width at half maximum and the radiation angle at half maximum radiant intensity. Effective mode volume is proportional to the breadth of the relative distribution of power amongst the modes in a multimode fiber. It is not truly a spatial volume but rather an "optical volume" equal to the product of area and solid angle. The power divided by the effective mode volume is proportional to the radiance of the light emitted by the fiber.

Proportionality (mathematics)
In mathematics, two sequences of numbers, often experimental data, are proportional or directly proportional if their corresponding elements have a constant ratio. The ratio is called coefficient of proportionality (or proportionality constant) and its reciprocal is known as constant of normalization (or normalizing constant). Two sequences are inversely proportional if corresponding elements have a constant product.

Two functions  and  are proportional if their ratio  is a constant function.

If several pairs of variables share the same direct proportionality constant, the equation expressing the equality of these ratios is called a proportion, e.g., ⁠a/b⁠ = ⁠x/y⁠ = ⋯ = k (for details see Ratio).
Proportionality is closely related to linearity.
Ernest Shahid
Ernest Shahid (August 12, 1921 – December 31, 2008), a pioneering Florida commercial real estate developer, helped transform Destin and coastal Okaloosa County into a major tourist vacation destination. Shahid built the first major highrise condominium complex on the Emerald Coast in 1971. Its success sparked a flurry of resort complexes and economic development.

Emerald Coast
The Emerald Coast is an unofficial name for the coastal area in the US state of Florida on the Gulf of Mexico that stretches about 100 miles (160 km) through five counties—Escambia, Santa Rosa, Okaloosa, Walton, and Bay—which include Pensacola Beach, Navarre Beach, Fort Walton Beach, Destin, and Panama City Beach. Some south Alabama communities on the coast of Baldwin County, such as Gulf Shores, Orange Beach, and Fort Morgan, embrace the term as well.
Actuality film
Actuality film is a non-fiction film genre that uses footage of real events, places, and things (essentially B-roll), a predecessor to documentary film. Unlike documentaries, actuality films are not structured into a larger narrative or coherent whole. During the era of early cinema, actualities—usually lasting no more than a minute or two and usually assembled together into a program by an exhibitor—were just as popular and prominent as their fictional counterparts. The line between "fact" and "fiction" was not as prominent in early cinema as it would become once documentaries became the predominant non-fiction filmmaking form. Actuality as a film genre is related to still photography.

Although actuality films largely ceased production around 1908, the term "actuality footage" is sometimes used in documentary production to refer to the raw footage.

James H. White
James Henry White (March 1872 – 1944) was a Canadian film film pioneer, who worked as a director, producer, and cinematographer. He also appeared as an actor in several films. He was employed by the Edison Manufacturing Company as Production Head from 1896 to 1902, and directed over 500 short films, both fictional and documentary often with no functional story or script, just scenes or vignettes. White proved prolific and tried to be lyrical in some of his short films, for example Return of a Lifeboat (1897) and A Storm at Sea (1900) the latter of which was shot on a passenger ship with the camera catching some of the glimmer from the sun.
Screamer, Alabama
Screamer is an unincorporated community in Henry County, Alabama, United States. Screamer is located on Alabama State Route 95, 12.4 miles (20.0 km) north-northeast of Abbeville. The original line established between the Creek Indians and the United States in the Treaty of Fort Jackson ran through Screamer. The Treaty of Cusseta ceded the boundary line north, allowing Henry County to gain land.

Treaty of Cusseta
The Treaty of Cusseta was a treaty between the government of the United States and the Creek Nation signed March 24, 1832 (7 Stat. 366).  The treaty ceded all Creek claims east of the Mississippi River to the United States.
Delmas, Saskatchewan
Delmas is a hamlet in the Rural Municipality of Battle River No. 438, Saskatchewan, Canada. Listed as a designated place by Statistics Canada, the hamlet had a population of 128 in the Canada 2016 Census. The hamlet is located approximately 32.6 kilometres (20.3 mi) west of North Battleford on Highway 16.

North Battleford
North Battleford is a city in west-central Saskatchewan, Canada. It is the seventh largest city in the province and is directly across the North Saskatchewan River from the town of Battleford. Together, the two communities are known as "The Battlefords".

North Battleford and the greater Battlefords area are a notable stop along the Yellowhead Highway, part of the Trans-Canada system, and serve as a commercial and cultural hub for west- and north-central Saskatchewan. Together, the Battlefords are served by the Yellowhead Highway as well as Highway 4, Highway 26, Highway 29, and Highway 40.

Battlefords Provincial Park is 40 kilometres (25 mi) north on Highway 4.
2017–18 LigaPro
The 2017–18 LigaPro (also known as Ledman LigaPro for sponsorship reasons) was the 28th season of Portuguese football's second-tier league, and the fourth season under the current LigaPro title. A total of 20 teams competed in this division, including reserve sides from top-flight Primeira Liga teams.

F.C. Famalicão
Futebol Clube de Famalicão, commonly known as Famalicão, is a Portuguese professional football club from Vila Nova de Famalicão. Founded on 21 August 1931, its senior team currently plays in the Primeira Liga, the top tier of Portuguese football.

Since 1952, Famalicão have played their home matches at the Estádio Municipal 22 de Junho, which holds a 5,186-seat capacity. The Famalicenses' most successful period of their history occurred in the early 1990s, where the club played four seasons in the Primeira Liga, between 1990 and 1994, counting now with seven Primeira Liga appearances. The club is owned by Quantum Pacific Group which also has 30% share of Atlético de Madrid.
Kaname-ishi
Kaname-ishi (要石, kaname-ishi, perhaps "foundation stone" but maybe more aptly "cap stone") is a mythological rock that was believed to hold down the Japanese archipelago. It was believed that when it was jostled or disturbed, it caused earthquakes. It is located in Kashima, Ibaraki.

Many earthquakes were believed to have been caused by the catfish Namazu which dwelt near it. The catfish was later restrained by Takemikazuchi, protecting against earthquakes. When the Takemikazuchi lets his guard fall, Namazu thrashes about and agitates the stone, causing violent earthquakes

In the namazu-e or catfish prints of the Edo period, Takemikazuchi/Kashima is depicted attempting to subdue the catfish, protect the stone, and prevent earthquakes. The paintings are believed to give protection against earthquakes themselves, and had a massive increase in popularity.

Kashima, Ibaraki
Kashima (鹿嶋市, Kashima-shi) is a city located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 July 2020, the city had an estimated population of 67,197 in 28,873 households and a population density of 634 persons per km2. The percentage of the population aged over 65 was 31.5%. The total area of the city is 106.02 square kilometres (40.93 sq mi). Kashima is the home of the J. League's Kashima Antlers. Its home field, Kashima Soccer Stadium, was used as a site during the 2002 FIFA World Cup. The city is also the site of the Kashima Shrine,  one of the oldest  Shinto shrines in eastern Japan, and considered the birthplace of many influential styles of Japanese swordsmanship (Kenjutsu).
Jože Babič
Jože Babič (13 February 1917 – 10 May 1996) was a Slovenian film, theatre and television director.

His two most notable feature films were Three Quarters of a Sun (Tri četrtine sonca, 1959), for which we won the Golden Arena for Best Director at the 1959 Pula Film Festival, and The Party (Veselica, 1960).

Golden Arena for Best Director
The Golden Arena for Best Director (Croatian: Zlatna arena za režiju) is an award given for best director at the Pula Film Festival, which was until 1992 the Yugoslav equivalent of the Academy Awards. Since 1992 and the breakup of Yugoslavia the competition narrowed to Croatian films only. The first festival was held in 1954, but the award was introduced in 1955.
Patch box
Patch box or patchbox might refer to;

Patch box (cosmetics), a box for storing artificial beauty marks

Patch box (firearms), a storage compartment on muzzleloader guns

Tinderbox, or patch box, used to store flint and tinder to kindle a fire

Tinderbox
A tinderbox, or patch box, is a container made of wood or metal containing flint, firesteel, and tinder (typically charcloth, but possibly a small quantity of dry, finely divided fibrous matter such as hemp), used together to help kindle a fire. A tinderbox may also contain sulfur-tipped matches.

Tinderboxes fell out of general usage when friction matches were invented.
William A. Magee
William Addison Magee (May 4, 1873 – March 25, 1938) was born in Pittsburgh's Hill District neighborhood near the site of the former Mellon Arena. Before becoming mayor, he gained his reputation by serving as Assistant District Attorney for Allegheny County of which Pittsburgh is the county seat.  He twice served as Mayor of Pittsburgh, from 1909 to 1914, and again from 1922 to 1926. He was a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate from 1901 to 1904.

Pennsylvania State Senate
The Pennsylvania State Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Pennsylvania General Assembly, the Pennsylvania state legislature. Senators are elected for four-year terms, staggered every two years, such that half of the seats are contested at each election. Even- and odd-numbered district seats are contested in separate election years. The State Senate meets in the State Capitol building in Harrisburg, and has been meeting since 1791.

The president of the Senate is the lieutenant governor, who has no vote except to break a tie. The president pro tempore becomes the lieutenant governor in the event of the sitting lieutenant governor's removal, resignation or death. In this case the president pro tempore and lieutenant governor would be the same person.
Sam Boodram
Samdeo "Sam" Boodram (14 July 1933 – 30 June 2020) was a Trinidadian Chutney, Bhajan, Indian classical and folk singer, Kabir Panthi mahant, and cocoa farmer. He recorded over 6,000 songs over the span of his career.

Mahant
Mahant (/məˈhʌnt/) is a religious superior, in particular the chief of a temple or the head of a monastery in Indian religions.

James Mallinson, one of the few westerners to be named as a mahant, describes the position of a mahant as a combination of an abbot and a brigadier.
Philadelphia & Reading Railroad Mule Bridge
The Mule Bridge spans the Schuylkill River in Pennsylvania, connecting Venice Island in Manayunk, Philadelphia, with Bala Cynwyd. It was built by the Philadelphia & Reading Railroad in 1889.

The bridge is significant because it is one of Philadelphia's oldest metal railroad bridges, and a rare surviving example of a wrought-iron lattice truss.

The last freight train crossed the bridge in April 4 2017.

In the early 2020s, the possibility of converting the Mule Bridge to carry pedestrian and bicycle traffic, to connect the existing trails adjacent to it on both banks, was discussed.

Venice Island (Pennsylvania)
Venice Island is a piece of land formed by the Manayunk Canal and the Schuylkill River, near Manayunk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  A mill site in the 19th century, it has recently become the site of a somewhat controversial urban development in a flood plain. Upstream of Venice Island is the Flat Rock Dam and directly adjacent is the Manayunk Canal Towpath. The island is now home to the Venice Island Performing Arts and Recreation Center (VIPARC) and residential apartment buildings.

Location: 40°01′49″N 75°14′02″W﻿ / ﻿40.03028°N 75.23389°W﻿ / 40.03028; -75.23389