hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hiram Maxim
Sir Hiram Stevens Maxim (5 February 1840 – 24 November 1916) was an American-born British inventor best known as the creator of the first automatic machine gun, the Maxim gun. Maxim held patents on numerous mechanical devices such as hair-curling irons, a mousetrap, and steam pumps. Maxim laid claim to inventing the lightbulb.

Maxim experimented with powered flight;  his large aircraft designs were never successful. Circa 1904 he designed a highly successful amusement ride called the "Captive Flying Machine" to fund his research while generating public interest in flight.

Maxim moved from the United States to the United Kingdom at the age of 41, and remained an American citizen until he became a naturalised British citizen in 1899, and received a knighthood in 1901.

Flight
Flight or flying is the motion of an object through an atmosphere or through the vacuum of space, in this case also called spaceflight, without contacting any planetary surface. This can be achieved by generating aerodynamic lift associated with gliding or propulsive thrust, aerostatically using buoyancy, or by ballistic movement.

Many things can fly, from animal aviators such as birds, bats and insects, to natural gliders/parachuters such as patagial animals, anemochorous seeds and ballistospores, to human inventions like aircraft (airplanes, helicopters, airships, balloons, etc.) and rockets which may propel spacecraft and spaceplanes.

The engineering aspects of flight are the purview of aerospace engineering. It has three subfields:

aeronautics — the study of vehicles that travel through the atmosphere.

astronautics — the study of vehicles that travel through space.

ballistics — the study of the flight of projectiles.
Goldstream River (Vancouver Island)
The Goldstream River (Saanich: sʔə́ləq̕ʷtəɬ) is a river northwest of Victoria on southern Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. The river's name derives from a small gold rush in its basin during the 1860s, and was originally Gold Stream.

Saanich dialect
Saanich (Saanich: SENĆOŦEN IPA: [sənˈt͡ʃas̪ən]) is the variety of North Straits Salish spoken by the Saanich people in the Pacific Northwest of North America. North Straits Salish is a dialect continuum, the varieties of which are closely related to the Klallam language.
Bigerhorn
The Bigerhorn (3,626 m) is a mountain of the Swiss Pennine Alps, located south of Grächen in the canton of Valais. It lies in the Mischabel range, north of the Ried Glacier.

From the Bordier Hut, a trail leads to the summit of the Bigerhorn.

Grächen
Grächen is a municipality in the district of Visp in the canton of Valais in Switzerland.

The village is situated at an altitude of 1,620 meters (5,310 ft) on a terrace above St. Niklaus in the Mattertal, north of the Mischabel range (and Dom).
Sun City Festival
Sun City Festival is an age-restricted master-planned community in Maricopa County, Arizona, located within the city boundary of northern Buckeye, Arizona. It is approximately 10 miles west of Surprise, Arizona developed by PulteGroup.

PulteGroup
PulteGroup, Inc. is an American residential home-construction company based in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. As of 2023, the company is the third-largest home-construction company in the United States based on the number of homes closed. In total, the company has built over 775,000 homes.

The company operates in 45 markets in 23 states. In 2021, it ranked 284th on the Fortune 500. The company was founded by William J. Pulte in Michigan, and moved its headquarters to Atlanta in 2014. Since 2016, Ryan Marshall has been the president and CEO of the company.
Tullaberga Island
Tullaberga Island is a small, uninhabited island off the coast of Victoria, Australia, near the town of Mallacoota. It is about 4 hectares (or 10 acres) in size. It is located west of Gabo Island and 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) east of the entrance to Mallacoota Inlet.

On 15 May 1853, the SS Monumental City, on a run from Sydney to Melbourne, ran aground off Tullaberga Island and became a total wreck.

Mallacoota
Mallacoota is a town in the East Gippsland region in the state of Victoria, Australia. At the 2021 census, Mallacoota had a population of 1,183. It is the last official township on Victoria's east coast before the border with New South Wales. Mallacoota has a regional airport (Mallacoota Airport) YMCO (XMC) consisting of a gravel runway for light planes and an asphalt runway for commercial planes flying from Melbourne.

It is a popular holiday spot for boating, fishing, walking the wilderness coast, swimming, birdwatching, and surfing. The Mallacoota Arts Council runs events throughout each year.  Mallacoota Inlet is one of the main villages along the wilderness coastal walk from New South Wales to Victoria, and Gipsy Point is located at the head of the inlet.
Carì
Carì (formerly known as Maiensäss) is a village in the Swiss Alps, located in the canton of Ticino. The village is situated in the northern part of the canton, in the Leventina valley, above Faido. It belongs to the latter municipality.

Carì sits on a sunny terrace at a height of 1,642 metres (5,387 ft) above sea level, on the southern flanks of Pizzo di Campello. Since 1950, the village has developed into one of the most popular alpine tourist resorts of the canton. It is now inhabited all year round, making Carì the highest permanent settlement in the canton of Ticino.

In winter, Carì includes 20 kilometres (12 mi) of pistes up to Lago di Carì (2,280 metres (7,480 ft)).

The Gotthard Base Tunnel runs below Carì, over one kilometre (0.62 mi) below the ground. At that point is the Faido multifunction station.

Faido
Faido (Italian: [faˈiːdo]; Ticinese: Faid) is the capital of the district of Leventina in the Italian-speaking canton of Ticino in southern Switzerland.

On 29 January 2006, Faido grew by incorporating the villages of Chiggiogna, Rossura, and Calonico.

On 1 April 2012, Faido grew again when it incorporated the former municipalities of Anzonico, Calpiogna, Campello, Cavagnago, Chironico, Mairengo and Osco.

It grew again on 10 April 2016 when Sobrio was absorbed into the municipality.
Turf Lea
Turf Lea is a hamlet located at the end of The Ridge, above Marple, in the Metropolitan Borough of Stockport, Greater Manchester, UK.

Nearby is Wybersley Hall, where the author Christopher Isherwood was born.

Metropolitan Borough of Stockport
The Metropolitan Borough of Stockport is a metropolitan borough of Greater Manchester in England. It is south-east of central Manchester and south of Tameside. As well as the towns of Stockport, Bredbury and Marple, it includes the outlying villages and suburbs of Hazel Grove, Bramhall, Cheadle, Cheadle Hulme, Gatley, Reddish, Woodley and Romiley. In 2024, it had a population of 303,929, making it the fourth-most populous borough of Greater Manchester.
Bird Island (Tasmania)
Bird Island is an island game reserve, with an area of 43.92 ha, in Bass Strait, south-eastern Australia. It is part of Tasmania’s Hunter Island Group which lies between north-west Tasmania and King Island. It is home to about 5,000 pairs of short-tailed shearwaters, the young of which are harvested annually, and about 3,000 pairs of little penguins.

Bass Strait
Bass Strait is a strait separating the island state of Tasmania from the Australian mainland (more specifically the coast of Victoria, with the exception of the land border across Boundary Islet). The strait provides the most direct waterway between the Great Australian Bight and the Tasman Sea, and is also the only maritime route into the economically prominent Port Phillip Bay.

Formed 8,000 years ago by rising sea levels at the end of the last glacial period, the strait was named after English explorer and physician George Bass (1771–1803) by European colonists.
St Helena's Church, West Leake
Christianity portal

St Helena's Church, West Leake is a parish church in the Church of England in West Leake, Nottinghamshire.

The church is Grade II* listed by the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport as it is a particularly significant building of more than local interest. The grade II listed lychgate is possibly by the architect Temple Moore.

Lychgate
A lychgate (from Old English līc, corpse) or resurrection gate is a covered gateway found at the entrance to a traditional English or English-style churchyard. Examples also exist outside the British Isles in places such as Canada, the Upland South and Texas in the United States, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Norway, and Sweden.
Hristu Chiacu
Hristu Chiacu (born 6 September 1986) is a Romanian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder for teams such as Național București, Wisła Kraków, Dinamo București, CS Otopeni, Politehnica Timișoara or Khazar Lankaran, among others.

CS Otopeni
Clubul Sportiv Otopeni, commonly known as CS Otopeni, or simply as Otopeni, was a Romanian professional football club from Otopeni, Ilfov County, founded in 2001 and dissolved in 2013. Its greatest performance was that it played for one season in the Liga I in the 2008–09 season.
Exercise Tiger (1942)
The 1942 Exercise Tiger was the code name for an Army-level military exercise held by British Commonwealth forces in the United Kingdom during the Second World War.

In April 1941, when Lieutenant-General Montgomery became commander of South-Eastern Command in the United Kingdom, he conducted the largest military exercise to date in the United Kingdom, Exercise Tiger, in May 1942, a combined forces operation involving 100,000 troops. Troops participating in Tiger noted that it was particularly gruelling for the infantry involved, who marched over 100 miles over the course of the exercises.

Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom)
Lieutenant general (Lt Gen), formerly more commonly lieutenant-general, is a senior rank in the British Army and the Royal Marines. It is the equivalent of a multinational three-star rank; some British lieutenant generals sometimes wear three-star insignia, in addition to their standard insignia, when on multinational operations.

Lieutenant general is a superior rank to major general, but subordinate to a (full) general. The rank has a NATO rank code of OF-8, equivalent to a vice-admiral in the Royal Navy and an air marshal in the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the air forces of many Commonwealth countries.

The rank insignia for both the Army and the Royal Marines is a crown over a crossed sabre and baton. During the reign of Elizabeth II, the St Edward's Crown, commonly known as the Queen's Crown, was depicted. Before 1953, and again since the accession of Charles III in 2022, the Tudor Crown has been used.
Rugby Victoria
Rugby Victoria, formerly the Victorian Rugby Union, is a member and founding union of Rugby Australia. Within the state of Victoria, it is the governing body for the sport of rugby union.

Rugby Victoria manages competitions for males and females in several age groups and divisions, and involving clubs from metropolitan Melbourne and regional Victoria.

Rugby union was founded in Melbourne in 1888. However competition lapsed and was twice re-established during the first twenty years, and again after the first World War when the present governing body was founded in 1926, then known as the Victorian Rugby Union, or VRU.

In December 2017, the VRU was re-branded as Rugby Victoria.

Sports governing body
A sports governing body is a sports organization that has a regulatory or sanctioning function.

Sports governing bodies come in various forms and have a variety of regulatory functions, including disciplinary procedure for rule infractions and deciding on rule
changes in the sport that they govern. Governing bodies have different scopes. They may cover a range of sport at an internationally acceptable level, such as the International Olympic Committee and the International Paralympic Committee, or only a single sport at a national level, such as the Rugby Football League. National bodies will largely have to be affiliated with international bodies for the same sport. The first international federations were formed at the end of the 19th century.
Orla Hav
Orla Hav (born 3 April 1952) is a Danish politician, who is a member of the Folketing for the Social Democrats political party. He was elected into parliament at the 2007 Danish general election. He has previously acted as regional council chairman of the North Jutland Region.

North Jutland Region
The North Jutland Region (Danish: Region Nordjylland), or in some official sources, the North Denmark Region, is an administrative region of Denmark established on 1 January 2007 as part of the 2007 Danish municipal reform, which abolished the traditional counties (amter) and set up five larger regions. At the same time, smaller municipalities were merged into larger units, cutting the number of municipalities from 271 before 1 January 2006, when Ærø Municipality was created, to 98. North Jutland Region has 11 municipalities. The reform diminished the power of the regional level dramatically in favor of the local level and the central government in Copenhagen.
Bhaktivedanta Research Center
Bhaktivedanta Research Center, established in 2009 and headquartered in Kolkata, India, is a research center dedicated to the preservation, study, and dissemination of Indian philosophical traditions, with a particular emphasis on Gaudiya Vaishnavism. Founded by Ferdinando Sardella and Dennis Harrison.

Ferdinando Sardella
Ferdinando Sardella, born July 16, 1960, in Vicenza, Italy, is an Italian scholar of the history of religions, Hinduism, and religious studies, the former director and coordinator of the Forum for South Asia Studies at Uppsala University.
Eat (NXT Soundtrack)
Eat (NXT Soundtrack) is the fourth extended play (EP) by American singer Poppy and the soundtrack for WWE NXT. It was released on June 8, 2021 by Sumerian Records during Poppy's appearance on the show.

Although no official singles were released, several of the songs were promoted at various events throughout 2021.

Sumerian Records
Sumerian Records is an American record label based in Nashville, Tennessee. The company was founded in 2006 by Ash Avildsen. Sumerian has signed artists such as Crosses, Poppy, Bad Omens, Animals As Leaders, and I See Stars. In early 2022, the company acquired Behemoth Entertainment, a comic book and video game publisher, in order to increase their merchandise options and further expand the brand.
Great Bay (New Hampshire)
43°04′01″N 70°52′07″W﻿ / ﻿43.06694°N 70.86861°W﻿ / 43.06694; -70.86861

Great Bay is a tidal estuary located in Strafford and Rockingham counties in eastern New Hampshire, United States. The bay occupies over 6,000 acres (24 km2), not including its several tidal river tributaries. Its outlet is at Hilton Point in Dover, New Hampshire, where waters from the bay flow into the Piscataqua River, thence proceeding southeast to the Atlantic Ocean near Portsmouth. The northern end of the bay, near its outlet, is referred to as Little Bay.

Kittery, Maine
Kittery is a town in York County, Maine, United States, and the oldest incorporated town in Maine. Home to the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard on Seavey's Island, Kittery includes Badger's Island, the seaside district of Kittery Point, the village of Kittery, and part of the Isles of Shoals. The southernmost town in the state, it is a tourist destination known for its many outlet stores.

Kittery is part of the Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan area. The town's population was 10,070 at the 2020 census.
Jordan, Oregon
Jordan is an unincorporated community in Linn County, in the U.S. state of Oregon. It lies along Oregon Route 226, southeast of Stayton and about halfway between Scio and Lyons.

Thomas Creek flows through Jordan. A covered bridge, the Jordan Bridge, built in 1937, was a 90-foot (27 m) Howe truss span that crossed the creek here. Dismantled in 1985, its timbers were moved to Stayton and reassembled in that city's Pioneer Park.

The community was once the site of the Monastery of Our Lady of Jordan.

Covered bridge
A covered bridge is a timber-truss bridge with a roof, decking, and siding, which in most covered bridges create an almost complete enclosure. The purpose of the covering is to protect the wooden structural members from the weather. Uncovered wooden bridges typically have a lifespan of only 20 years because of the effects of rain and sun, but a covered bridge can last over 100 years. In the United States, only about 1 in 10 survived the 20th century. The relatively small number of surviving bridges is due to deliberate replacement, neglect, and the high cost of restoration.

Surviving covered bridges often attract touristic attention due to their rarity, quaint appearance, and bucolic settings. Many are considered historic and have been the subject of historic preservation campaigns.
Bythinella bouloti
Bythinella bouloti is a species of very small freshwater snail, an aquatic gastropod mollusk in the family Bythinellidae.

As of 2002, no living animals had been found. Empty shells were used as the basis for the species description.

Sainte-Enimie
Sainte-Enimie (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t enimi]; Occitan: Santa Enimia) is a former commune in the Lozère department in southern France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Gorges du Tarn Causses. It was founded in the 7th century by Énimie, who started a convent there after being cured of leprosy in the surrounding waters. It was the site of several monasteries, some of which still remain. Located in the Gorges du Tarn, it is a member of Les Plus Beaux Villages de France association.
Eduardo Osorio
Eduardo Osorio is an author and journalist born in 1957 in Toluca, Mexico. His major work is the book Club Obrero, which deals with homosexuality and conservatism. On 2012, he published El juego del gato y el alfil, a novel winner of the Ignacio Manuel Altamirano contest prize from the Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México.

Autonomous University of Mexico State
The Autonomous University of Mexico State   (Spanish: Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México) (UAEM) is a public university in the State of Mexico, Mexico. It is the largest university institution in the state with over 84,500 students, with its central campus located in the state capital of Toluca. Formalised as a university under the UAEM name in 1956, the institution traces its origins back to 1828 with the foundation Instituto Literario del Estado de México, in the former state capital of Tlalpan. In 1943 the institution was augmented to become the Instituto Científico y Literario de Toluca (ICLA), and thirteen years later obtaining its present name and institutional status.
Bare nouns
A  bare noun is a noun that is used without a surface determiner. In natural languages, the distribution of bare nouns is subject to various language-specific constraints. Under the DP hypothesis a noun in an argument position must have a determiner or quantifier that introduces the noun, warranting special treatment of the bare nouns that seemingly contradict this. As a result, bare nouns have attracted extensive study in the fields of both semantics and syntax.

In English, vocatives and mass nouns are felicitous in any position in which they semantically make sense. Bare plurals are usually restricted to outside predicate positions, though exceptions to this do arise ("the reason is uncommon sentences").

Noun
In grammar, a noun is a word that represents a concrete or abstract thing, like living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, and ideas. A noun may serve as an object or subject within a phrase, clause, or sentence.

In linguistics, nouns constitute a lexical category (part of speech) defined according to how its members combine with members of other lexical categories. The syntactic occurrence of nouns differs among languages.

In English, prototypical nouns are common nouns or proper nouns that can occur with determiners, articles and attributive adjectives, and can function as the head of a noun phrase. According to traditional and popular classification, pronouns are distinct from nouns, but in much modern theory they are considered a subclass of nouns.  Every language has various linguistic and grammatical distinctions between nouns and verbs.
Makoto Fujita (chemist)
Makoto Fujita (藤田 誠, Fujita Makoto) is a Japanese chemist who specializes in supramolecular coordination chemistry. He is the Distinguished Professor at the University of Tokyo and a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS).

Coordination complex
A coordination complex is a chemical compound consisting of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents.  Many metal-containing compounds, especially those that include transition metals (elements like titanium that belong to the periodic table's d-block), are coordination complexes.
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
The European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (EJNMMI) is a peer-reviewed medical journal published by Springer. It was the official journal of the European Association of Nuclear Medicine until December 2024. Since 1976, the EJNMMI has published material related to the field of nuclear medicine, including dosimetry, radiation biology, radiochemistry, radiopharmacology, molecular imaging probes, reporter gene assays, cell trafficking, targeting of endogenous gene expression, and antisense methodologies. As of 2021, the EJNMMI has an impact factor of 10.057.

Radiochemistry
Radiochemistry is the chemistry of radioactive materials, where radioactive isotopes of elements are used to study the properties and chemical reactions of non-radioactive isotopes (often within radiochemistry the absence of radioactivity leads to a substance being described as being inactive as the isotopes are stable). Much of radiochemistry deals with the use of radioactivity to study ordinary chemical reactions. This is very different from radiation chemistry where the radiation levels are kept too low to influence the chemistry.

Radiochemistry includes the study of both natural and man-made radioisotopes.
Vier Berge-Teucherner Land
Vier Berge-Teucherner Land was a Verwaltungsgemeinschaft ("collective municipality") in the district Burgenlandkreis in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It was situated south of Weißenfels. The seat of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft was in Teuchern. It was disbanded in January 2011.

The Verwaltungsgemeinschaft Vier Berge-Teucherner Land consisted of the following municipalities:

Deuben

Gröben

Gröbitz

Krauschwitz

Nessa

Prittitz

Teuchern

Trebnitz

51°07′N 12°01′E﻿ / ﻿51.117°N 12.017°E﻿ / 51.117; 12.017

Weißenfels
Weißenfels (German pronunciation: [ˈvaɪsn̩ˌfɛls] ⓘ; often written in English as Weissenfels) is the largest town of the Burgenlandkreis district, in southern Saxony-Anhalt, central Germany. It is situated on the river Saale, approximately 30 km (20 mi) south of Halle.
Okemos Public Schools
Okemos Public Schools is a public school district in Ingham County, Michigan. It serves the census-designated place of Okemos, part of the city of East Lansing and portions of the township of Alaiedon, Meridian, and Williamstown.

Okemos Public Schools is ranked as the #6 best school district in Michigan by Niche as of 2022.

Ingham County, Michigan
Ingham County (/ˈɪŋəm/ ING-um) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 284,900. The county seat is Mason. Lansing, the state capital of Michigan, is largely located within the county. Lansing is the only state capital in the United States located in a county of which it is not also the seat of government. The county is home to Michigan State University, Lansing Community College, and the Class A minor league baseball team Lansing Lugnuts. Ingham County is included in the Lansing–East Lansing, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is considered to be a part of Mid Michigan.