hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pennsylvania Railroad class C1
The PRR C1 was the Pennsylvania Railroad's class of 0-8-0 steam locomotive, used in switching service.  The locomotive type was built at the railroad's Juniata shops in Altoona, Pennsylvania and introduced in 1925.

The 0-8-0 was common on most railroads, but not on PRR; when the railroad needed larger motive power, they used the 2-8-0 "Consolidation". The PRR wanted the best motive power for switching duties at rail yards and interchanges, and the C1 class was the heaviest two-cylinder 0-8-0 switcher ever produced. Calculated tractive effort was 76,154 lb, based on 78% MEP with 60% maximum cutoff. All C1s were withdrawn and scrapped between 1948 and 1953.

2-8-0
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 2-8-0 represents the wheel arrangement of two leading wheels on one axle, usually in a leading truck, eight powered and coupled driving wheels on four axles, and no trailing wheels. In the United States and elsewhere, this wheel arrangement is commonly known as a Consolidation, after the Lehigh and Mahanoy Railroad’s Consolidation, the name of the first 2-8-0.

The notation 2-8-0T indicates a tank locomotive of this wheel arrangement, the "T" suffix indicating a locomotive on which the water is carried in side-tanks mounted on the engine rather than in an attached tender.

The Consolidation represented a notable advance in locomotive power. After 1875, it became "the most popular type of freight locomotive in the United States and was built in greater quantities than any other single wheel arrangement."
Goin' Back to Indiana
Goin' Back to Indiana is a live/soundtrack album by the Jackson 5 for Motown, taken from their September 16, 1971 ABC TV special of the same name. It is the Jackson 5's sixth album overall, and was released on September 29, 1971. The album went on to sell over 2.6 million copies worldwide.

The Goin' Back to Indiana television special featured comedians Bill Cosby and Tommy Smothers, singers Bobby Darin and Diana Ross, football players Roosevelt "Rosey" Grier and Ben Davidson, and basketball stars Bill Russell, Elgin Baylor, and Elvin Hayes. It also featured tracks recorded by the Jackson 5 during their May 29 "homecoming" concert at the Coliseum in Indianapolis, hence the show title.

Who's Lovin' You
"Who's Lovin' You" is a Motown soul song, written in 1960 by William "Smokey" Robinson. The song has been recorded by many different artists including the Miracles, who recorded the 1960 original version, the Temptations, the Supremes, the Jackson 5, Brenda and the Tabulations, Terence Trent D'arby, John Farnham, Human Nature, En Vogue, Michael Bublé, Giorgia Todrani, and Jessica Mauboy. Shaheen Jafargholi performed the song at Michael Jackson's public memorial service in July 2009.
Arrondissements of the Ardèche department
The 3 arrondissements of the Ardèche department are:

Arrondissement of Largentière, (subprefecture: Largentière) with 151 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 103,712 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Privas, (prefecture of the Ardèche department: Privas) with 66 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 86,154 in 2021.

Arrondissement of Tournon-sur-Rhône, (subprefecture: Tournon-sur-Rhône) with 118 communes. The population of the arrondissement was 141,549 in 2021.

Subprefectures in France
In France, a subprefecture (French: sous-préfecture) is the commune that hosts the administrative centre of an arrondissement (a primary division of a department). The commune that hosts the administrative center for the whole department is known as the prefecture. The term "subprefecture" also applies to the building that houses the administrative headquarters for an arrondissement.

The civil servant in charge of a subprefecture is the subprefect, assisted by a general secretary. Between May 1982 and February 1988, subprefects were known instead by the title Deputy Commissioner of the Republic (commissaire adjoint de la République). Where the administration of an arrondissement is carried out from a prefecture, the general secretary to the prefect carries out duties equivalent to those of the subprefect.

(The municipal arrondissements of Paris, Lyon and Marseille are divisions of the commune rather than the department. They are not arrondissements in the same sense.)
Argelia Fault
The Argelia Fault (Spanish: Falla de Argelia) is an inactive dextral oblique thrust fault in the departments of Risaralda and Valle del Cauca in Colombia. The fault has a total length of 59.4 kilometres (36.9 mi) and runs along an average north to south strike of 014.5 ± 18 in the Western Ranges of the Colombian Andes.

Departments of Colombia
Colombia is a unitary republic made up of thirty-two administrative divisions referred to as departments (Spanish: departamentos, sing. departamento) and one Capital District (Distrito Capital). Departments are country subdivisions and are granted a certain degree of autonomy. Each department has a governor (gobernador) and an Assembly (Asamblea Departamental), elected by popular vote for a four-year period. The governor cannot be re-elected in consecutive periods.

Departments are formed by a grouping of municipalities (municipios, sing. municipio). Municipal government is headed by mayor (alcalde) and administered by a municipal council (concejo municipal), both of which are elected by popular vote for four-year periods.
Casàda
Casàda is a typical dish from Primiero, in Trentino, Italy; it is prepared in two versions: casàda con la tenza (i.e. with curd) and casàda con la pojna (i.e. with ricotta).

In the first case, a piece of freshly made cow's milk curd is taken from the mass before breaking, and then covered with semi-whipped cream; in the second, fresh ricotta is used instead of curd. In both cases, it is eaten freshly made or within two days.

The name derives from the term casàde, which in the local dialect indicates all the operations carried out by the cheesemaker.

It is recognised as a prodotto agroalimentare tradizionale.

Cheesemaking
Cheesemaking (or caseiculture) is the craft of making cheese. The production of cheese, like many other food preservation processes, allows the nutritional and economic value of a food material, in this case milk, to be preserved in concentrated form. Cheesemaking allows the production of the cheese with diverse flavors and consistencies.
1940–41 Gauliga Bayern
The 1940–41 Gauliga Bayern was the eighth season of the league, one of the 20 Gauligas in Germany at the time. It was the first tier of the football league system in  Bavaria (German:Bayern) from 1933 to 1945.

For TSV 1860 München it was the first of two Gauliga championships the club would win in the era from 1933 to 1944. The club qualified for the 1941 German football championship, where it was knocked out after finishing second in its group.  They were placed behind the group winner and eventual German champions SK Rapid Wien, and ahead of Stuttgarter Kickers and VfL Neckarau.

The seventh edition of the Tschammerpokal, now the DFB-Pokal, saw 1. FC Nürnberg as the best Gauliga Bayern club reach the third round, having reached the final in the previous two editions.

1941 German football championship
The  1941 German football championship, the 34th edition of the competition, was won by SK Rapid Wien, the club's sole German championship. Rapid, which had previously won twelve Austrian football championships between 1911 and 1938 as well as the 1938 German Cup, won the competition by defeating Schalke 04 4–3 in the final. The final was held on 22 June 1941, the same day Nazi Germany invaded the Soviet Union in Operation Barbarossa.
Huadong Highway
Huatung Highway (Chinese: 花東公路; pinyin: Huādōng Gōnglù) is a section of the Provincial Highway No. 9 in Taiwan. It starts at Hualien City and ends at Taitung City, thus its name. The highway runs the entire length of the Huatung Valley and is flanked by the Central Mountain Range and the Coastal Mountain Range. It was built by the Japanese government in 1933.

Taitung City
Taitung City (Chinese: 臺東市; pinyin: Táidōng Shì; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-tang-chhī) is a county-administered city and the county seat of Taitung County, Taiwan. It lies on the southeast coast of Taiwan facing the Pacific Ocean, southwest of the Beinan River estuary. Taitung City is the most populous subdivision of Taitung County and it is one of the major cities on the east coast of the island.

Taitung City is served by Taitung Airport.  Taitung is a gateway to Green Island and Orchid Island, both of which are popular tourist destinations.
Akiyda
Akiyda (foaled 21 April 1979) was a British-bred, French-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare best known for winning France's mot prestigious race, the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe in 1982. After winning her only race as a two-year-old she was campaigned in the highest class in the following year, finishing second in both the Prix de Diane and the Prix Vermeille before beating a strong international field in the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe. Akiyda never ran after her win in the Arc: she was retired to stud where she had limited impact as a broodmare.

Prix Niel
The Prix Niel is a Group 2 flat horse race in France open to three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 2,400 metres (about 1½ miles), in September each year.

The race serves as a trial for the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe, which is held at the same venue three weeks later.
Film Encores Volume 2
Film Encores Vol. 2 is an album by Mantovani and His Orchestra. It was released in 1959 by London (catalog nos. LL-3117 and LK-4316).

It debuted on Billboard magazine's pop album chart on June 22, 1959, peaked at the No. 14 spot, and remained on the chart for 15 weeks.

AllMusic later gave the album a rating of three stars. Reviewer Stephen Cook praised Mantovani as one of the most innovative of string arrangers and wrote that this collection "provides ample proof of the maestro's golden way around both studio and orchestra. . . . the nonstop flow of gorgeous strings will make anybody's winter evening by the record player a rewarding one.

Mantovani
Annunzio Paolo Mantovani (Italian: [anˈnuntsjo ˈpaːolo mantoˈvaːni]; 15 November 1905 – 30 March 1980) was an Italian British conductor, composer and light orchestra-styled entertainer with a cascading strings musical signature.

The book British Hit Singles & Albums stated that Mantovani was "Britain's most successful album act before the Beatles ... the first act to sell over one million stereo albums and [have] six albums simultaneously in the US Top 30 in 1959".
HMS Pompee
HMS Pompee was a 74-gun ship of the line of the British Royal Navy. Built as Pompée, a Téméraire-class ship of the French Navy, she was handed over to the British at Spithead by French royalists who had fled France after the Siege of Toulon (September–December 1793) by the French Republic, only a few months after being completed. After reaching Great Britain, Pompée was registered and recommissioned as HMS Pompee and spent the entirety of her active career with the Royal Navy until she was broken up in 1817.

Spithead
Spithead is an eastern area of the Solent and a roadstead for vessels off Gilkicker Point in Hampshire, England. It is protected from all winds except those from the southeast, with the Isle of Wight lying to the south-west. Spithead and the channel to the north is the main approach for shipping to Portsmouth Harbour and onwards to Southampton. Spithead itself is an important naval anchorage. Historically, Spithead was used for assembling Royal Navy ships, including as a formation area for squadrons or fleets at anchor, as well as for the resupply of ships.
Ingrid Falk (artist)
Ingrid Falk (born 1960 in Sweden) is a painter, installation artist and curator. In 1992 formed the art collective FA+ in collaboration with her husband, Gustavo Aguerre.  Amongst the artists who have worked with FA+ are Nicola Pellegrini, Otonella Mocellin, Daniel Wetter and Lennie Lee.
Together Ingrid Falk and Gustavo Aguerre have worked on a number of site-specific installations throughout Europe. These involve large-scale installations, photographic projections, sculptures and video installations. Falk has exhibited in a number of important museums and private galleries throughout Europe.  Ingrid Falk and Gustavo Aguerre assembled 3,053 pieces of toast into a large mosaic of a toaster in late 1999—they are attributed with spreading toast as an art medium.

Nicola Pellegrini
Nicola Pellegrini (born Milan, Italy, 1962) is an artist, curator, and architect; a conceptual artist working with photography, installation and video.

Pellegrini is a former member of the London-based art collective ARC group. In 1988 he and other ARC members lived and worked in a large art house in the Highgate area, known as Chumley Dene. Later he took part in building large-scale installations in London, Milan, Genoa and Budapest until the group fell apart in the autumn of 1991. In 2001 he curated a show for the Oreste room in the Italian Pavilion at the Venice Biennale.

Pellegrini also took part in a number of exhibitions in museums and private galleries, including "Contagious" at the Malmö Museum in 1996, the 8th International Photography Biennial in 1999 and the 3rd Tirana Biennale in 2003. He has had several exhibitions at Galleria Milano in Italy.
Reactive-ion etching
Reactive-ion etching (RIE) is an etching technology used in microfabrication. RIE is a type of dry etching which has different characteristics than wet etching. RIE uses chemically reactive plasma to remove material deposited on wafers. The plasma is generated under low pressure (vacuum) by an electromagnetic field. High-energy ions from the plasma attack the wafer surface and react with it.

Isotropic etching
In semiconductor manufacturing, isotropic etching is a method commonly used to remove material from a substrate via a chemical process using an etchant substance. The etchant may be in liquid-, gas- or plasma-phase, although liquid etchants such as buffered hydrofluoric acid (BHF) for silicon dioxide etching are more often used. Unlike anisotropic etching, isotropic etching does not etch in a single direction, but rather etches in multiple directions within the substrate. Any horizontal component of the etch direction may therefore result in undercutting of patterned areas, and significant changes to device characteristics. Isotropic etching may occur unavoidably, or it may be desirable for process reasons.
Internal Revenue Code section 61
Section 61 of the Internal Revenue Code (IRC 61, 26 U.S.C. § 61) defines "gross income," the starting point for determining which items of income are taxable for federal income tax purposes in the United States. Section 61 states that "[e]xcept as otherwise provided in this subtitle, gross income means all income from whatever source derived [ . . . ]". The United States Supreme Court has interpreted this to mean that Congress intended to exercise its full power towards taxation incomes to the extent that such taxation is permitted under Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 (the Taxing and Spending Clause) of the Constitution of the United States and under the Constitution's Sixteenth Amendment.

Royalty payment
A royalty payment is a payment made by one party to another that owns a particular asset, for the right to ongoing use of that asset. Royalties are typically agreed upon as a percentage of gross or net revenues derived from the use of an asset or a fixed price per unit sold of an item of such, but there are also other modes and metrics of compensation. A royalty interest is the right to collect a stream of future royalty payments.

A license agreement defines the terms under which a resource or property are licensed by one party ( party means the periphery behind it) to another, either without restriction or subject to a limitation on term, business or geographic territory, type of product, etc. License agreements can be regulated, particularly where a government is the resource owner, or they can be private contracts that follow a general structure. However, certain types of franchise agreements have comparable provisions.
Déjanire
Déjanire  is the title of two related French works by Camille Saint-Saëns: Musique de scène pour ‘Déjanire’ de Gallet (1898) and the four-act opera, or drame lyrique, Déjanire (1910, premiered 1911) for which Saint-Saëns himself fashioned the dramatic scheme and libretto using Gallet's tragedy as a basis. The vocal writing in the musique de scène is exclusively choral in the manner of Ancient Greek narration and commentary, while in the drame lyrique it focuses on solo parts as in most operas. The musique de scène was written to inaugurate an arena in Béziers; the drame lyrique, last of Saint-Saëns' twelve operas, was written for Monaco. The latter's libretto has, besides Gallet, Sophocles' Trachiniae as a source, a main character being Hercule, in the path of Händel; Hercules had already been the subject of two Saint-Saëns tone poems: Le rouet d'Omphale (1869) and La jeunesse d'Hercule (1877).

Symphonic poem
A symphonic poem or tone poem is a piece of orchestral music, usually in a single continuous movement, which illustrates or evokes the content of a poem, short story, novel, painting, landscape, or other (non-musical) source. The German term Tondichtung (tone poem) appears to have been first used by the composer Carl Loewe in 1828. The Hungarian composer Franz Liszt first applied the term Symphonische Dichtung to his 13 works in this vein, which commenced in 1848.
Randersvej Water Tower
Randersvej Water Tower (Danish: Vandtårnet på Randersvej) is a former water tower on Randersvej in Aarhus, Denmark. The tower is the oldest in the Aarhus area and is listed for preservation.

The water tower was constructed in 1907–1908 and remained on operation until 1980. Today, the tower is owned by Aarhus Municipality and since 2009 has been leased to Aarhus Academy.

Coat of arms of Aarhus
The coat of arms of Aarhus is an official symbol of Aarhus based on one of the oldest surviving seals of the medieval Danish market towns. The coat of arms can be traced back to a seal used in Aarhus around 1250. The oldest known preserved seal was in a document from 24 June 1356 which was lost in destruction during the Second World War. The seal has had a number of different forms during its 750 year long existence.
Basset (card game)
Basset (French bassette, from the Italian bassetta), also known as barbacole and hocca, is a gambling game using cards, that was considered one of the most polite. It was intended for persons of the highest rank because of the great losses or gains that might be accrued by players.

The Compleat Gamester
The Compleat Gamester, first published in 1674, is one of the earliest known English-language games compendia. It was published anonymously, but later attributed to Charles Cotton (1630–1687). Further editions appeared in the period up to 1754 before it was eclipsed by Mr. Hoyle's Games by Edmond Hoyle (1672–1769).
Office of Tax Simplification
The Office of Tax Simplification was an independent office of HM Treasury, part of the Government of the United Kingdom. The office was created on 20 July 2010 to identify complexities in the tax system burdensome to both businesses and individual taxpayers in order to recommend their reduction. The office was tasked with publishing its findings for the Chancellor of the Exchequer to consider ahead of the budget. The office was abolished in 2023.

Tax Law Rewrite Project
The Tax Law Rewrite Project of HM Revenue and Customs was a major effort to re-write the entire tax legislation of the United Kingdom in a format which was both more consistent and more understandable. The effort began in 1996 and ran until 2010. It aimed to remove archaic language and impenetrable terminology from tax law and to replace it with modern language and terminology.
A Change of Heart (Bernard Butler song)
"A Change of Heart" is the third single from Bernard Butler released in June 1998. It is the final single taken from the album People Move On and charted at number 45 on the UK Singles Chart.

The final single from People Move On had a lesser impact than previous singles, "Stay" and "Not Alone", at least in terms of radio airplay. "A Change of Heart" features another string arrangement courtesy of Billy McGee, who featured on previous single "Not Alone" and on "Yes", Butler's collaboration with David McAlmont. Ned Raggett of AllMusic wrote: "the pace of the track is gentler and sweeter throughout, feeling big without wanting to totally stomp down the doors. Sakamoto's drumming is quite fine, and the cinematic reach Butler favors still remains, offset by quieter moments with just piano and/or vocals."

The music video for the title song was directed by David Mould.

David McAlmont
David Irving McAlmont (born 2 May 1967) is an English vocalist, essayist and art historian. He came to prominence in the 1990s as a singer, particularly through his collaboration with Bernard Butler. In the 2010s he returned to academia, working with the University of Leicester and the Architectural Association School of Architecture.
Mohamed Salah (footballer, born 1956)
Mohamed Salah (Arabic: محمد صلاح; born 19 June 1958) is an Egyptian former footballer and head coach. He spent his whole football career with Zamalek. He also played for the Egypt national football team, and was a part of the team that won the 1986 African Cup of Nations.

Egypt Cup
The Egypt Cup (also known as the Egyptian FA Cup and formerly as the King Farouk Cup) is the main knockout football cup competition in Egypt. It is the oldest club competition in Africa. The first team to win the trophy was Zamalek in 1922. Al Ahly hold the record of total number of titles with a total of 39 titles, Zamalek also holds the record of being the only club to win the title for 4 consecutive years twice; from 1957 to 1960 and 2013 up to 2016.
Cec McCormack
John Cecil McCormack (15 February 1922 – 1995) was an English footballer who played as a centre forward.

McCormack started his career with Gateshead, moving to neighbours Middlesbrough in April 1947 before a spell at non-league Chelmsford City. He signed for Barnsley in July 1950, spending just over a year there and setting a new club record for goals in a single season with 33. He moved to Notts County in November 1951. After 4 years at Notts County, McCormack played for non-league King's Lynn before joining Canadian side Polish White Eagles, based in Toronto.

Chelmsford City F.C.
Chelmsford City Football Club is a professional football club based in Chelmsford, Essex, England. Currently members of the National League South, the sixth tier of English football, they play at the Melbourne Stadium.
Amplepuis–Saint-Vincent-de-Reins railway
The Amplepuis–Saint-Vincent-de-Reins railway was a 15 kilometres (9.3 miles) standard gauge railway in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region of France, which was operated by the  Compagnie du chemin de fer d’intérêt local d’Amplepuis à Saint-Vincent-de-Reins (ASV) from 1907 to 1928.

Seine-et-Marne
Seine-et-Marne (French pronunciation: [sɛn e maʁn] ⓘ; lit. 'Seine and Marne') is a department in the Île-de-France region in Northern France. Named after the rivers Seine and Marne, it is the region's largest department with an area of 5,915 square kilometres (2,284 square miles); it roughly covers its eastern half. In 2019, it had a population of 1,421,197. Its prefecture is Melun, although both Meaux and Chelles have larger populations.