hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
The Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA) is an international financial institution which offers political risk insurance and credit enhancement guarantees. These guarantees help investors protect foreign direct investments against political and non-commercial risks in developing countries. MIGA is a member of the World Bank Group and is headquartered in Washington, D.C. in the United States.

MIGA was established in 1988 as an investment insurance facility to encourage confident investment in developing countries. MIGA is owned and governed by its member states, but has its own executive leadership and staff which carry out its daily operations. Its shareholders are member governments that provide paid-in capital and have the right to vote on its matters. It insures long-term debt and equity investments as well as other assets and contracts with long-term periods. The agency is assessed by the World Bank's Independent Evaluation Group each year.

Foreign direct investment
Foreign direct investment (FDI) is an ownership stake in a company, made by a foreign investor, company, or government from another country. More specifically, it describes a controlling ownership of an asset in one country by an entity based in another country. The magnitude and extent of control, therefore, distinguishes it from a foreign portfolio investment or foreign indirect investment. Foreign direct investment includes expanding operations or purchasing a company in the target country.
Eileen Mackevich
Eileen R. Mackevich (May 18, 1939 – March 14, 2022) was an American historian who was the executive director of the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum from 2010 to 2015. She was unanimously recommended for this position by the Board of Trustees for the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency (IHPA), and the title was officially bestowed upon her in December 2010, by Illinois Governor Pat Quinn.  A radio journalist, she had previously served as executive director of the national Lincoln Bicentennial Commission, and was founder of the Chicago Humanities Festival.

Illinois Historic Preservation Division
The Illinois Historic Preservation Division, formerly Illinois Historic Preservation Agency, is a governmental agency of the U.S. state of Illinois, and is a division of the Illinois Department of Natural Resources.  It is tasked with the duty of maintaining State-owned historic sites, and maximizing their educational and recreational value to visitors or on-line users.  In addition, it manages the process for applications within the state for additions to the National Register of Historic Places and other federal preservation schemes.
Haparandabladet
Haparandabladet (Finnish: Haaparannanlehti) is a Swedish regional newspaper for Tornedalen. It began as two separate newspapers — one Finnish and one Swedish — but the two merged in 1923 to produce one bilingual publication. In 2015, they also began publishing in Meänkieli.

Meänmaa
Meänmaa (Meänkieli for 'Our Land'), or sometimes Torne Valley or Torne River Valley (Finnish: Tornionlaakso, Torniojokilaakso; Swedish: Tornedalen) lies at the border of Sweden and Finland. It is named after the Torne River flowing through the valley and into the Gulf of Bothnia. Geographically the townships and municipalities that make up the area are Haparanda, Övertorneå, Pajala and Kiruna in Sweden, and Tornio, Ylitornio, Pello, Kolari, Muonio and Enontekiö in Finland. Culturally the highland Swedish municipality Gällivare is also considered part of Meänmaa due to the large share of Meänkieli-speaking population in it.

Meänkieli surnames and village names are common on the Swedish side of the border to this day, in spite of the dominance of the Swedish language in the area. The Finnish side of the border has standard Finnish as the sole official language.
Poison (Bell Biv DeVoe song)
"Poison" is the debut single of American vocal group Bell Biv DeVoe, released as the first single from their debut album of the same name. The song, in the style of new jack swing, a late-1980s/early-1990s hybrid of R&B, hip hop and swing, was the group's most successful.

Poison (Bell Biv DeVoe album)
Poison is the debut studio album from American R&B/hip hop group Bell Biv DeVoe, released March 20, 1990, on MCA Records.

The album peaked at number five on the Billboard 200 chart. By April 1995, it was certified quadruple-platinum in sales by the RIAA, after sales exceeding 4,000,000 copies in the United States.
Fancy Free (The Oak Ridge Boys album)
Fancy Free is the seventh album by the Oak Ridge Boys, released on March 26, 1981. It featured their biggest hit "Elvira", as well as the title track. "Somewhere in the Night" was covered by Sawyer Brown and "Dream Of Me" was covered by Vern Gosdin.

The album is certified double platinum by the RIAA. It also became the band's first album to reach number one on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart.

Vern Gosdin
Vernon Gosdin (August 5, 1934 – April 28, 2009), known as country music's "the Voice", was an American country music singer. He had 19 top-10 solo hits on the country music charts from 1977 through 1990. Three of these hits went to number one: "I Can Tell by the Way You Dance (You're Gonna Love Me Tonight)", "Set 'Em Up Joe", and "I'm Still Crazy".
John J. Nash
John Joseph Nash (died February 1989) was a member of Seanad Éireann from 1961 to 1973 on the Cultural and Educational Panel. He represented Fianna Fáil. He resided in Templemore Co. Tipperary where he was the owner of Tipperary Glass. He died in an accident while on holiday in February 1989.

Cultural and Educational Panel
The Cultural and Educational Panel is one of five vocational panels which together elect 43 of the 60 members of Seanad Éireann, the senate of the Oireachtas (the legislature of Ireland). The Cultural and Educational Panel elects five senators.
Firmilian
Firmilian (Greek: Φιρμιλιανός, Latin: Firmilianus, died c. 269 AD), Bishop of Caesarea Mazaca from c. 232, was a disciple of Origen. He had a contemporary reputation comparable to that of Dionysius of Alexandria or Cyprian, bishop of Carthage. He took an active part in the mid-3rd century controversies over rebaptising heretics and readmitting lapsed Christians after the persecutions of Decius and was excommunicated by Pope Stephen I for his position. A single letter of Firmilian to Cyprian survives among Cyprian's correspondence. Jerome omits Firmilian from De viris illustribus. "To his contemporaries his forty years of influential episcopate, his friendship with Origen and Dionysius, the appeal to him of Cyprian, and his censure of Stephanus might well make him seem the most conspicuous figure of his time" (Wace).

Caesarea (Cappadocia)
Caesarea (/ˌsɛzəˈriːə, ˌsɛsəˈriːə, ˌsiːzəˈriːə/; Greek: Καισάρεια, romanized: Kaisareia), also known historically as Mazaca or Mazaka (Greek: Μάζακα; Armenian: Մաժաք, probably from Old Iranian for "Mazdā-city"), was an ancient city in what is now Kayseri, Turkey. In Hellenistic and Roman times, the city was an important stop for merchants headed to Europe on the ancient Silk Road. The city was the capital of Cappadocia, and Armenian and Cappadocian kings regularly fought over control of the strategic city. The city was renowned for its bishops of both the Greek Orthodox and Armenian Apostolic churches.

After the Battle of Manzikert where the Byzantine Empire lost to the incoming Seljuk Empire, the city was later taken over by the Sultanate of Rum and became reconfigured over time with the influences of both Islamic and, later, Ottoman architecture.
Disappearance of Kenny Veach
On November 10, 2014, outdoorsman, YouTuber and experienced hiker Kenny Veach disappeared near Nellis Air Force Base, Clark County, Nevada, United States. He had ventured into the desert to find a cave that he stated was abnormally formed to shape the letter 'M'. Before setting out, he was warned by one commenter to not go to the cave, as he might never return.

Veach, who resided in Las Vegas, was known for his YouTube channel where he shared videos of his adventures in the deserts and mountains of Nevada under the name snakebitmgee. He frequently embarked on solo hikes in remote areas, often seeking out unusual or mysterious locations.

Nellis Air Force Base
Nellis Air Force Base ("Nellis" colloq.) is a United States Air Force installation in southern Nevada. Nellis hosts air combat exercises such as Exercise Red Flag and close air support exercises such as Green Flag-West flown in "Military Operations Area (MOA) airspace", associated with the nearby Nevada Test and Training Range (NTTR).  The base also has the Combined Air and Space Operations Center-Nellis.
Dalto
Dalto is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gustavo Dalto (born 1963), Uruguayan football player and manager

Jorge Dalto (1948–1987), Argentine musician

Mauro Da Dalto (born 1981), Italian professional road bicycle racer

Mauro Da Dalto
Mauro Da Dalto (born 8 April 1981) is an Italian professional road bicycle racer, who last rode for UCI ProTeam Cannondale. Born in Conegliano, Da Dalto started in the Marchiol-Ima-Famila team, the semi-professional branch of the Liquigas-team for neo-professionals. At the end of 2005, Da Dalto signed a contract at Liquigas–Bianchi. He has also ridden for Lampre–NGC.
Bastow
Bastow is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Darren Bastow (born 1981), English footballer

Ian Bastow (born 1971), English footballer

James Austin Bastow

John Bastow (1850–1927), English cricketer

Tommy Bastow (born 1991), English actor and musician

Tommy Bastow
Thomas Derek Bastow (born 26 August 1991) is an English actor and musician from Epsom, Surrey. He is best known for playing the character Dave the Laugh in Paramount Pictures' Angus, Thongs and Perfect Snogging, as Joe in the British Telecom (BT) adverts and as the lead singer in the band FranKo.
Tägerwilen Dorf railway station
Tägerwilen Dorf railway station (German: Bahnhof Tägerwilen Dorf) is a railway station in the municipality of Tägerwilen, in the Swiss canton of Thurgau. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Wil–Kreuzlingen line of Thurbo, and is served as a request stop by local trains only.

Tägerwilen Dorf is one of two railway stations within the municipality of Tägerwilen; the other, Tägerwilen-Gottlieben, is located 950 metres (3,120 ft) away on the Lake line.

Thurbo
Thurbo is a railway company with mostly S-Bahn-style services in Switzerland (cantons of Aargau, Grisons, Schaffhausen, St. Gallen, Thurgau, Zürich), southern Germany (states of Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria), and northwestern Vorarlberg, Austria, jointly owned by Swiss Federal Railways (90%) and the canton of Thurgau.

It operates regional transport on a network of 658 km (409 mi) belonging to SBB CFF FFS, with the exception of the route Wil–Weinfelden–Konstanz, which is only maintained by the latter and except tracks in Austria and Germany. As of 2022, the company owns 110 Stadler GTW EMUs and carries 25.8 million passengers a year. The fleet will be renewed with Stadler Flirt Evo trainsets from 2026 onwards.

The acronym Thurbo (pronounced as Tour-bo in German) is derived from the river Thur (or the canton of Thurgau, respectively) and the first two letters of Bodensee (German name for Lake Constance), probably on the basis of the homophone turbo.
The New Policeman
The New Policeman is a children's fantasy novel by Kate Thompson, published by Bodley Head in 2005. Set in Kinvara, Ireland, it features a teenage boy, J. J. Liddy, who learns that time is leaking from the human world into Tir na nOg, the land of the fairies. It inaugurated a series that is sometimes referred to as the Liddy series.

Thompson and The New Policeman won two important annual awards, the Whitbread Children's Book Award and the Guardian Children's Fiction Prize.

The novel also won the inaugural Irish BA Award for Children's Books in 2006.

HarperCollins published the first U.S. edition under its Greenwillow Books imprint in February 2007.

A Chinese-language edition was published in 2008 with illustrations and music.

Kinvara
Kinvara or Kinvarra (Irish: Cinn Mhara, meaning 'head of the sea') is a sea port village in the southwest of County Galway, Ireland. It is located in the civil parish of Kinvarradoorus in the north of the barony of Kiltartan. Kinvarra is also an electoral division.
Mount Bolton
Mount Bolton is located on the border of Alberta and British Columbia on the Continental Divide, northeast of Elkford, Kootenay Land District. It was named after Bolton, Lambert Ernest Stanley DLS. Bolton was serving with the Canadian Pioneers, 1st Battilion when he was killed in action on June 13, 1916.

Continental Divide of the Americas
The Continental Divide of the Americas (also known as the Great Divide, the Western Divide or simply the Continental Divide; Spanish: Divisoria continental de América, Gran Divisoria) is the principal, and largely mountainous, hydrological divide of the Americas. The Continental Divide extends from the Bering Strait to the Strait of Magellan, and separates the watersheds that drain into the Pacific Ocean from those river systems that drain into the Atlantic and Arctic Ocean, including those that drain into the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and Hudson Bay.

Although there are many other hydrological divides in the Americas, the Continental Divide is by far the most prominent of these because it tends to follow a line of high peaks along the main ranges of the Rocky Mountains and Andes, at a generally much higher elevation than the other hydrological divisions.
Proterodesma turbotti
Proterodesma turbotti is a species of moth in the family Tineidae. It was described by John Salmon & John David Bradley in 1956. This species is endemic to New Zealand, found in the Antipodes Islands and Bounty Islands of the New Zealand Subantarctic Islands.

New Zealand Subantarctic Islands
The New Zealand Subantarctic Islands comprise the five southernmost groups of the New Zealand outlying islands. They are collectively designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Most of the islands lie near the southeast edge of the largely submerged continent centred on New Zealand called Zealandia, which was riven from Australia 60–85 million years ago, and from Antarctica 85–130 million years ago. They share some features with Australia's Macquarie Island to the west.
Nagdah Union
Nagdah Union (Bengali: নাগদাহ ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad of Alamdanga Upazila, in Chuadanga District, Khulna Division of Bangladesh. The union has an area of 124.58 square kilometres (48.10 sq mi) and as of 2001 had a population of 43,201. There are 30 villages and 15 mouzas in the union.

Khulna Division
Khulna Division (Bengali: খুলনা বিভাগ) is the second largest of the eight divisions of Bangladesh. It has an area of 22,285 km2 (8,604 sq mi) and a population of 17,416,645 at the 2022 Bangladesh census (preliminary returns). Its headquarters and largest city is Khulna city in Khulna District.
Cherchen Man
Cherchen Man or Chärchän Man or Ur-David is the modern name given to a mummy found in the town Cherchen, located in current Xinjiang region of China. The mummy is a member of the group known as Tarim mummies. His naturally-mummified remains were discovered in Tomb 2 at the Zaghunluq cemetery, near the town of Qiemo (Chärchän) in the Taklamakan Desert of north-west China. Other such remains have also been recovered at sites throughout the Tarim Basin, including Qäwrighul, Yanghai, Shengjindian, Shanpula (Sampul), and Qizilchoqa.

Qäwrighul culture
The Qäwrighul culture (after the Tarim Basin cemetery of Qäwrighul , also named 古墓溝 Gumugou in Chinese) is a late Bronze Age culture which flourished along the Kongque River in Xinjiang from ca. 2100 BC to 1500 BC, and is one of the cultures of the Tarim mummies. It is considered as part of the Xiaohe culture, with its Xiaohe cemetery slightly to the south.
November 2015 Turkish Parliament Speaker election
The Turkish Parliament Speaker elections of November 2015 took place on 22 November 2015 to elect the 27th Speaker of the Grand National Assembly, who will preside over the proceedings of the 26th Parliament of Turkey elected in the 1 November 2015 general election.

Speaker of the Grand National Assembly
This article lists the speakers of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. The name of the parliament of Turkey, originally and currently the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi) since its establishment on 23 April 1920, has for short periods been changed.

A Senate also existed besides the National Assembly between 1960 and 1980.
Noctueliopsis brunnealis
Noctueliopsis brunnealis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Eugene G. Munroe in 1972. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Arizona, California, Nevada, New Mexico and Texas.

Adults have been recorded on wing from March to May and from July to September.

Eugene G. Munroe
Eugene Gordon Munroe (8 September 1919 – 31 May 2008) was a Canadian entomologist who discovered numerous species of insects. He worked for the Insect Systematics and Biological Control Unit, Entomology Division in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Munroe was "the acknowledged authority on the Pyraloidea worldwide for many years". From 1976 to 1982, he also served as editor-in-chief of Moths of America North of Mexico.
Muhammad Ali vs. Brian London
Muhammad Ali vs. Brian London was a professional boxing match contested on 6 August 1966, for the WBC, NYSAC, and The Ring heavyweight championship. The match took place at Earls Court Arena, London, England on 6 August 1966. It was scheduled for fifteen rounds. The match ended in the third round with Ali defeating London by knockout.

New York State Athletic Commission
The New York State Athletic Commission or NYSAC, also known as the New York Athletic Commission, is a division of the New York State Department of State which regulates all contests and exhibitions of unarmed combat within the state of New York, including licensure and supervision of promoters, boxers, professional wrestlers, seconds, ring officials, managers, and matchmakers. In 2016, the NYSAC was authorized to oversee all mixed martial arts contests in New York.

The commission is based in New York City.
1997–98 National League 1
The 1997–98 National League 1, sponsored by Jewson, was the eleventh full season of rugby union within the third tier of the English league system, currently known as National League 1. For the first ten seasons Courage Brewery sponsored the league. Following reorganisation the top two divisions are sponsored by the assurance company Allied Dunbar and the rest of the divisions, including National League 1 is sponsored by the building suppliers, Jewson.

Worcester finished as champions. Due to league restructuring by the RFU, runners up Leeds, 3rd place London Welsh and fourth place Rugby Lions were also promoted to the 1998–99 Premiership 2, and there was no relegation.

Rugby Lions
52°22′12″N 1°16′40″W﻿ / ﻿52.370042°N 1.277896°W﻿ / 52.370042; -1.277896

The Rugby Football Club, playing as Rugby Lions RFC and nicknamed The Lions, is an English rugby union club based in Rugby, Warwickshire. The club plays its home matches at Webb Ellis Road. Its developmental squad is known as the Crusaders. The club also has a ladies team known as the Lionesses.  It currently competes in Counties 3 Midlands East (South) at the ninth tier of the English rugby union system, having been readmitted to the league pyramid from at the start of the 2022–23 season.
Ted Loden
Colonel Edward Charles Loden MC (9 July 1940 – 7 September 2013) was a British Army officer.

He was commissioned as a Second Lieutenant in April 1960, and joined the Parachute Regiment in July 1961. He was awarded the Military Cross as a captain, serving as the Intelligence Ofiicer in 1 PARA, for his actions during the Aden Emergency in June 1967.

As a Major, while serving in Northern Ireland on Operation Banner, he was a commander during Bloody Sunday on 30 January 1972; he was later exonerated by the Bloody Sunday Inquiry. He went on to hold several other posts in the British Army, including Brigade Major to 44 Para Brigade, Commanding Officer of 4 Para, Defence Attaché in Tel Aviv, and Colonel of Depot Para in Aldershot. He retired from the Army on 30 September 1992.

Loden was shot dead on 7 September 2013 by armed robbers in Nairobi, Kenya, while he was visiting his son, who had also served with the Parachute Regiment.

1st Battalion, Parachute Regiment
The 1st Battalion, Parachute Regiment (1 PARA), is a special forces battalion of the British Army's Parachute Regiment. Along with various other regiments and corps from across the British Armed Forces, it is part of Special Forces Support Group.

A specialized airborne light infantry unit, the battalion as of 2006 has been the main contributor of manpower to the Special Forces Support Group (SFSG) and is capable of a wide range of operations. Personnel regularly deploy outside the United Kingdom on operations and training, 1 PARA is part of Special Forces Support Group and regarded as the elite of the Parachute Regiment deployed to assist United Kingdom Special Forces in a supporting role as well as being the main part of the hunter force on SF selection.

All personnel complete the Pre Parachute Selection (P Company) course at the Infantry Training Centre Catterick Garrison, North Yorkshire (previously at Aldershot, Hampshire).
Ivor Barnard
Ivor Barnard (13 June 1887 – 30 June 1953) was an English stage, radio and film actor. He was an original member of the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, where he was a notable Shylock and Caliban. He played the Water Rat in the first London production of A. A. Milne's Toad of Toad Hall. In 1929 he appeared as Blanquet, in Bird in Hand at the Morosco Theatre in New York] after a successful run in London's West End (Laurence Olivier was the juvenile). The part had been specially written for him by John Drinkwater.

He appeared in more than 80 films between 1921 and 1953. He appeared in the Alfred Hitchcock film The 39 Steps in 1935. In 1943, he played the stationmaster in the Ealing war film Undercover. He also appeared as Wemmick in David Lean's Great Expectations (1946), and as the Chairman of the Workhouse, in Lean's film Oliver Twist (1948). One of his last film appearances was as the murderer Major Jack Ross in John Huston's Beat the Devil (1953) with Humphrey Bogart and Peter Lorre.

Oliver Twist (1948 film)
Oliver Twist is a 1948 British film and the second of David Lean's two film adaptations of Charles Dickens novels. Following his 1946 version of Great Expectations, Lean re-assembled much of the same team for his adaptation of Dickens' 1838 novel, including producers Ronald Neame and Anthony Havelock-Allan, cinematographer Guy Green, designer John Bryan and editor Jack Harris. Lean's then-wife, Kay Walsh, who had collaborated on the screenplay for Great Expectations, played the role of Nancy. John Howard Davies was cast as Oliver, while Alec Guinness portrayed Fagin and Robert Newton played Bill Sykes (Bill Sikes in the novel).

In 1999, the British Film Institute placed it at 46th in its list of the top 100 British films. In 2005 it was named in the BFI list of the 50 films you should see by the age of 14.
Zach Gowen
Zachary Mark Gowen (born March 30, 1983) is an American professional wrestler and promoter. He is primarily known for his time with World Wrestling Entertainment from 2003 and with other promotions such as Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA), Ring of Honor (ROH) and Xtreme Intense Championship Wrestling (XICW).

Gowen's left leg was amputated when he was eight years old. He was the second amputee to compete in WWE after Kerry Von Erich.

AAW Wrestling
AAW: Professional Wrestling Redefined or simply AAW Wrestling (AAW), an initialism of its original name, All American Wrestling, is an American independent professional wrestling promotion, based in the Chicago area – originally holding shows in Berwyn, Illinois, and now in Merrionette Park.