hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Finsler's lemma
Finsler's lemma is a mathematical result named after Paul Finsler.  It states equivalent ways to express the positive definiteness of a quadratic form Q constrained by a linear form L. 
Since it is equivalent to another lemmas used in optimization and control theory, such as Yakubovich's S-lemma, Finsler's lemma has been given many proofs and has been widely used, particularly in results related to robust optimization and linear matrix inequalities.

Positive definiteness
In mathematics, positive definiteness is a property of any object to which a bilinear form or a sesquilinear form may be naturally associated, which is positive-definite. See, in particular:

Positive-definite bilinear form

Positive-definite function

Positive-definite function on a group

Positive-definite functional

Positive-definite kernel

Positive-definite matrix

Positive-definite operator

Positive-definite quadratic form
Daniel W. Crofts
Daniel W. Crofts is an American historian and professor emeritus at The College of New Jersey (TCNJ). He has written five books on Civil War era politics and other subjects. His books are about Abraham Lincoln's proposal for a 13th amendment to the U.S. Constitution, Abraham Lincoln and the politics of slavery, William Henry Hurlbert and his diary, Southampton, Virginia, and southern unionists. He received a Ph.D. from Yale University in 1968. He formerly taught at George School.

William Henry Hurlbert
William Henry Hurlbert (July 3, 1827—September 4, 1895) was an American journalist and the possible author of “The Diary of a Public Man,” published in the North American Review in 1879.  His responsibility for the Diary—once dubbed the “most gigantic” problem of uncertain authorship in American historical writing—was carefully concealed and has only recently been established.
Jess Koizumi
Jessica "Jess" Koizumi (COY-Zoo-Mee) (born April 15, 1985) is an American ice hockey coach and player, currently serving as the associate head coach of the Vermont Catamounts women's ice hockey program. She won a gold medal as a member of the United States national women's ice hockey team at the 2008 IIHF Women's World Championship. During her playing career, Koizumi played with the Minnesota Whitecaps of the Western Women's Hockey League (WWHL), the Montreal Stars and the Boston Blades of the Canadian Women's Hockey League (CWHL), and the Connecticut Whale of the Premier Hockey Federation (PHF). She scored the first goal in PHF history in the league’s inaugural game, which featured the Whale facing off against the New York Riveters.

Western Women's Hockey League
The Western Women's Hockey League (WWHL) was a women's hockey league in Canada. The league was established in 2004, and consisted of teams in Canada (some former National Women's Hockey League teams) and one from the United States. The league office was in Vancouver, British Columbia, and managed by Recreation Sports Management.
Richard P. Korf
Richard Paul "Dick" Korf (May 28, 1925 – August 20, 2016) was an American mycologist and founding co-editor of the journal Mycotaxon. He was a preeminent figure in the study of discomycetes and made significant contributions to the field of fungal nomenclature and taxonomy. Korf was professor emeritus of mycology at Cornell University and director emeritus of Cornell University's Plant Pathology Herbarium.

Discomycetes
Discomycetes is a former taxonomic class of Ascomycete fungi which contains all of the cup, sponge and brain fungi, and some club-like fungi. It includes typical cup fungi like the scarlet elf cup and the orange peel fungus, and fungi with fruiting bodies of more unusual shape, such as morels, truffles and the swamp beacon. New taxonomic and molecular data fail to support the monophyly of the Discomycetes.
Frosty (frozen dairy dessert)
The Frosty is a frozen dairy dessert of the American fast-food restaurant chain Wendy's. The Frosty was among the first five items introduced on the Wendy's menu.

Wendy's founder  Dave Thomas created the original "light chocolate" Frosty according to a recipe from Fred Kappus by combining chocolate and vanilla flavors, as he thought that a pure chocolate flavor would overwhelm the taste of the restaurant's hamburgers. Thomas based the Frosty on the milkshakes he drank in Detroit as a youth, and created the Frosty to be thick enough to require a spoon to eat. The consistency has been described as between that of a milkshake and soft-serve ice cream.

Dave Thomas (businessman)
Rex David Thomas (July 2, 1932 – January 8, 2002) was an American businessman, philanthropist, and fast-food tycoon who was the founder and chief executive officer of Wendy's, a fast-food restaurant chain specializing in hamburgers. In this role, Thomas appeared in more than 800 commercial advertisements for the chain from 1989 to 2002, more than any other company founder in television history.
McKenzie, Maryland
McKenzie is an unincorporated community in Allegany County, Maryland, United States.

Its name is derived from a family which owned a large farm along the river bottom in the area. It is located directly across from the Allegany Ballistics Laboratory in Rocket Center, West Virginia. The area was formerly a railroad junction of the Patterson Creek Cutoff and the main B&O line. McKenzie is also the site of one of the first settlements in Allegany County. In the fields of the river bottom, arrowheads and flint can be found, suggesting a possible Native American community at one time, similar to the Barton, Maryland site.

Allegany Ballistics Laboratory
Allegany Ballistics Laboratory (ABL) located in Rocket Center, West Virginia, is a diverse industrial complex employing some 1,000 people across 1,628 acres (6.59 km2).  The facility is a member of the Federal Laboratory Consortium and is operated by Northrop Grumman (former Alliant Techsystems) under contract with the Naval Sea Systems Command (NAVSEA).
Mount Ronui
Mount Ronui (also Roniu, Roonui and Rooniu) is a shield volcano of 1332m (or 1321m) in Tahiti Iti, which is the south-eastern part of Tahiti in French Polynesia in the south Pacific. It is one of the principal peaks on the island and the highest in Tahiti Iti.

It is one of three volcanoes to which the formation of Tahiti is attributed.

Shield volcano
A shield volcano is a type of volcano named for its low profile, resembling a shield lying on the ground. It is formed by the eruption of highly fluid (low viscosity) lava, which travels farther and forms thinner flows than the more viscous lava erupted from a stratovolcano. Repeated eruptions result in the steady accumulation of broad sheets of lava, building up the shield volcano's distinctive form.

Shield volcanoes are found wherever fluid, low-silica lava reaches the surface of a rocky planet. However, they are most characteristic of ocean island volcanism associated with hot spots or with continental rift volcanism. They include the largest active volcanoes on Earth, such as Mauna Loa. Giant shield volcanoes are found on other planets of the Solar System, including Olympus Mons on Mars and Sapas Mons on Venus.
Farm to retail price spread
The farm-to-retail price spread is the difference between the farm price and the retail price of food, reflecting charges for processing, shipping, and retailing farm goods (sometimes called the marketing spread).

The current spread accounts for about three-fourths of the retail price for a market basket of foods, according to USDA. The farm value varies for each type of food; for example, in 2004, it accounted for about 35% of the retail cost of eggs, compared to about 19% for fresh fruit and vegetables, and about 6% for cereal and bakery products.

Bakery
A bakery (also known as a bakehouse, baker's shop or bake shop) is an establishment that produces and sells flour-based baked goods made in an oven such as bread, cookies, cakes, doughnuts, bagels, pastries, and pies. Some retail bakeries are also categorized as cafés, serving coffee and tea to customers who wish to consume the baked goods on the premises. In some countries, a distinction is made between bakeries, which primarily sell breads, and pâtisseries, which primarily sell sweet baked goods.
Ash King
Ashutosh Ganguly, better known by his stage name Ash King, is a British singer, songwriter and composer. He made his playback singing debut in Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra's Delhi-6. He is a relative of prominent Indian singer Kishore Kumar. He has also sung the song "Carbon Copy" in the film Drishyam.

Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra
Rakeysh Omprakash Mehra (born 7 July 1963) is an Indian film director, occasional actor and screenwriter. He is best known for writing and directing the drama Rang De Basanti (2006) and the biographical sports film Bhaag Milkha Bhaag (2013), winning two Filmfare Awards for Best Director. He also wrote and directed the supernatural action thriller Aks (2001) and the drama Delhi-6 (2009).
1959 Railway Cup Hurling Championship
The 1959 Railway Cup Hurling Championship was the 33rd series of the inter-provincial hurling Railway Cup. Two matches were played between 17 March 1959 and 7 June 1959 to decide the title. It was contested by Connacht, Leinster and Munster.

Munster entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 7 June 1959, Munster won the Railway Cup after a 7–11 to 2–06 defeat of Connacht in the final at Croke Park, Dublin. It was their third Railway Cup title in succession. The new Hogan Stand was officially opened on the day of the final.

Munster's Christy Ring was the Railway Cup top scorer with 4-05.

Connacht GAA
Connacht GAA (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Chonnacht) or formally the Connacht Provincial Council of the Gaelic Athletic Association is the governing body for Gaelic games that are played in the province of Connacht, Ireland. It performs a supervisory and appeal role for the five County Boards within the province (listed below). Anomalously, it also exercises its functions for an additional two county boards that are not located in the province: London and New York. Teams from these administrative areas play in the Connacht Senior Football Championship.
Beach volleyball at the 2015 Pan American Games – Men's tournament
The men's tournament competition of the beach volleyball events at the 2015 Pan American Games took place between July 13 and 21, 2015  at the Chevrolet Beach Volleyball Centre. The defending Pan American Games champions were Alison Cerutti and Emanuel Rego of Brazil.

Each of the 16 pairs in the tournament will be placed in one of four groups of four teams apiece, and play a round-robin within that pool. The top two teams in each pool advance to the Quarterfinals. The third along with the fourth-placed teams in each group, will be eliminated.

The 8 teams that advanced to the elimination rounds will play a single-elimination tournament with a bronze-medal match between the semifinal losers.

Alison Cerutti
Alison Conte Cerutti (born 7 December 1985), known as Alison Cerutti or simply Alison, is a Brazilian beach volleyball player. He plays as a blocker. In 2011, along with Emanuel Rego he won the Swatch FIVB World Tour in Prague, Czech Republic. and the silver medal at the 2012 Summer Olympics. He won the gold medal at the 2015 World Championships in Netherlands. and the gold medal at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio alongside teammate Bruno Schmidt. In 2019, Alison partnered with Álvaro Morais Filho. The team won their first gold medal at the FIVB Kuala Lumpur event. The duo also competed in the Tokyo 2020 journey. Since 2021, Alison has been playing with Guto Carvalhaes.
Basketball at the 1981 SEA Games
The  basketball tournament at the 1981 SEA Games took place from 7 to 13 December 1981.  This edition of the tournament featured both men's and women's tournament.  All matches took place at the Rizal Memorial Coliseum in Manila.

The hosts Philippines were able to regain the men's championship title by blasting the defending champions Malaysia in the Gold Medal Match, 91–74, to avenge their preliminary loss to the same team. Meanwhile, Thailand edged out Singapore in the third place battle, 99–90, to take home the Bronze Medal.

In the women's division, Malaysia asserted their supremacy by defeating the hosts the Philippines in the Gold Medal Match, 52–42, to annex their third straight championship. Thailand knocked off Singapore in the third place battle, 59–46, to win the Bronze Medal.

Thailand women's national basketball team
The Thailand women's national basketball team represents Thailand in international women's basketball.

In August 2017,  the team won the silver medal after losing to Malaysia 60-65 in the 2017 SEA Games women's basketball match at the MABA Stadium in Kuala Lumpur.
Damaging Consent
Damaging Consent was the second full album from The Micronauts, released in 2007.  It is the first major work released by the group since George Issakidis left the group, leaving Christophe Monier as its sole member.  It was released as a two-disc edition with the second disc featuring ten remixes as a retrospective.

The Chemical Brothers
The Chemical Brothers are an English electronic music duo formed by Ed Simons and Tom Rowlands in Manchester in 1992. They were pioneers in bringing the big beat genre to the forefront of pop culture.

Originally known as The Dust Brothers, they changed their name due to the existence of another band with the same name. Their first album Exit Planet Dust sold over one million copies and debuted at No. 9 on the UK Albums Chart. After attracting Virgin Records, the duo achieved further success with their second album Dig Your Own Hole (1997), which topped the UK chart. They have had six No. 1 albums and 13 top-20 singles in the UK, including two chart-toppers. They have won six Grammy Awards, including Best Rock Instrumental Performance, Best Dance Recording, and Best Dance/Electronic Album.
Hrdibořice
Hrdibořice is a municipality and village in Prostějov District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Hrdibořice lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) east of Prostějov, 13 km (8 mi) south of Olomouc, and 213 km (132 mi) east of Prague.

Prostějov
Prostějov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈproscɛjof] ⓘ; German: Proßnitz) is a city in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 43,000 inhabitants. The city is historically known for its fashion industry. The historic city centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.

AČR special forces unit 601. skss is based in Prostějov.
Tom Green (polygamist)
Thomas Arthur Green (June 9, 1948 – February 28, 2021) was an American Mormon fundamentalist in Utah who was a practitioner of plural marriage. After a high-profile trial, Green was convicted by the state of Utah on May 18, 2001, of four counts of bigamy and one count of failure to pay child support. This decision was upheld by the Utah State Supreme Court in 2004. He was also convicted of child rape, on the basis that he had impregnated his wife Linda when she was 13. The wife in question was his stepdaughter before they were married; she was the daughter of his first polygamous wife. In total, he served six years in prison and was released in 2007.

Utah Supreme Court
The Utah Supreme Court is the supreme court of the state of Utah, United States. It has final authority of interpretation of the Utah Constitution.  The Utah Supreme Court is composed of five members: a chief justice, an associate chief justice, and three other justices.  All justices are appointed by the governor of Utah, with confirmation by the Utah Senate. The five justices elect one of their own to serve as chief justice and another to serve as associate chief justice, each for a term of four years.
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (Portuguese for "Memoirs of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute") is a peer-reviewed open access medical journal covering parasitology, microbiology, and tropical medicine. It was established in 1909 by the Brazilian physician Oswaldo Cruz and is published by the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) eight times a year. The editor-in-chief is Adeilton Brandão (IOC/FIOCRUZ).

Oswaldo Cruz
Oswaldo Gonçalves Cruz (Portuguese pronunciation: [ozˈvawdu ˈkɾus]; August 5, 1872 – February 11, 1917), was a Brazilian physician, pioneer bacteriologist, epidemiologist and public health officer and the founder of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute.

He occupied the fifth chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters from 1912 until his death in 1917.
KBDB-FM
KBDB-FM is an American radio station licensed to operate on the FM frequency of 96.7 MHz.  Licensed to Forks, Washington,. the station is owned by Forks Broadcasting Inc. it broadcasts an adult contemporary format. KBDB-FM is the only commercial radio station serving the West End of Clallam County, Washington. The studios are at 260 Cedar Avenue in Forks.

The station's transmitter was located next to the studios until early 2016.  Because of its low-lying position in relation to the surrounding mountainous terrain—the antenna was 23 meters (75.5 feet) below average terrain—the 6,000 watt Class A signal barely reached beyond the valley.  In the spring of 2016, KBDB-FM began broadcasting a Class C3 signal from a mountaintop transmitter located approximately 5.5 km (3.4 miles) north-northwest of Sappho.

Clallam County, Washington
Clallam County is a county in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, the population was 77,155, with an estimated population of 77,616 in 2023. The county seat and largest city is Port Angeles; the county as a whole comprises the Port Angeles, WA Micropolitan Statistical Area. The name is a Klallam word for "the strong people". The county was formed on April 26, 1854. Located on the Olympic Peninsula, it is south from the Strait of Juan de Fuca, which forms the Canada–US border, as British Columbia's Vancouver Island is across the strait.

Clallam County was a bellwether, voting for the winning candidate in every presidential election from 1980 to 2020, holding the longest record for predicting official presidential election winners in the entire country. It has also voted the winning candidate in every election since 1920 except for 1968, 1976, and 2024.
Searcy Municipal Courthouse
The Searcy Municipal Courthouse, formerly the Searcy Post Office is a historic government building at Gum and Arch Streets in downtown Searcy, Arkansas.  It is a two-story brick building with Renaissance Revival styling.  The central bays of its main facade are articulated by paneled pilasters of the Corinthian order, with large two-story windows flanking a two-story entrance, all set in recessed segmented-arch openings.  The shallow hipped roof has elongated eaves with large brackets.  The building was designed by Oscar Wenderoth and built in 1914, and is the only high-style Renaissance Revival building in White County.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.

Searcy, Arkansas
Searcy (/ˈsɜːrsi/ SUR-see) is the largest city in and the county seat of White County, Arkansas, United States. According to 2024 Census Bureau estimates, the population of the city is 23,997.  It is the principal city of the Searcy, AR Micropolitan Statistical Area which encompasses all of White County.  The city takes its name from Richard Searcy, a judge for the Superior Court of the Arkansas Territory.  A college town, Searcy is the home of Harding University and ASU-Searcy.
Clarrie Davis
Clarence Clive Davis (4 March 1928 – 25 August 2006) was an Australian rugby union international.

Davis, born in Auburn, Sydney, was the nephew of 1920s Test prop Tom Davis and younger brother of Wallabies centre Gordon Davis. He was educated at North Sydney Boys' High School.

A speedy three quarter, Davis played first-grade for Manly and earned his first Wallabies call up in 1949 to play the touring New Zealand Māori team. Due to a thigh injury, he had to withdraw a day before the 1st Test and missed the entire series, but got another opportunity three months later on the 1949 tour of New Zealand, gaining his first cap in a win over the All Blacks in Wellington. He was capped a further three times in the home series against the All Blacks in 1951. Although best suited to playing centre, he was utilised as a winger by the Wallabies. He retired from rugby in 1954 because of injury.

Auburn, New South Wales
Auburn is a Western Sydney suburb in the state of New South Wales, Australia.
Auburn is located 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) west of the Sydney central business district and is in the local government area of Cumberland City Council, having previously been the administrative centre of Auburn Council. 
The suburb was named after Oliver Goldsmith's poem The Deserted Village, which describes 'Auburn' in England as the "loveliest village of the plain".
Group 17 Rugby League
Group 17 is a rugby league competition based in the Riverina and Central West regions of New South Wales, Australia.  The competition collapsed in 2006 and reformed in 2018 as the Western Riverina Community Cup with six teams. It is currently sponsored by a chicken farm company called Proten which has been sponsoring the whole competition since 2018.

The season runs from mid-May to late July, and features a knockout, six regular season rounds, and a three week finals series culminating in the Grand Final which is hosted by a different team each year.

Central West (New South Wales)
The Central West is a region in central New South Wales, Australia. The region stretches from Lithgow in the east and to as far west as Lake Cargelligo, on the Lachlan River. The Central West is known for its attractions such as the Jenolan Caves, near Oberon and also wineries, as well as rural farmland and natural landscapes. The region includes major towns like Bathurst, Orange, Mudgee, Lithgow, Parkes and Cowra. It has an area of 63,262 square kilometres (24,426 sq mi). The region also includes the sub-region known as the Central Tablelands, located in the eastern part of the region. The region known as the Orana, which includes the area surrounding Dubbo is typically classed as being a part of the Central West also.

Major population and service centres in the Central West include Bathurst, Cowra, Lithgow, Mudgee, Orange, and Parkes. Bathurst and Orange are home to campuses of Charles Sturt University, and Lithgow housing the University of Notre Dame Regional Clinical School.
Fatherland Party
Fatherland Party is the name of several current or former political parties:

Watan Party of Afghanistan

Fatherland Party (Iran)

Fatherland Party (Germany)

Fatherland Party (Kazakhstan)

Fatherland Party (Norway)

Greeks for the Fatherland

Fatherland - All Russia

All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland"

German Fatherland Party
The German Fatherland Party (German: Deutsche Vaterlandspartei, abbreviated as DVLP) was a short-lived far-right political party active in the German Empire during the last phase of World War I. It rejected the Reichstag Peace Resolution of July 1917, which called for a negotiated peace without annexations. The Fatherland Party is considered the first attempt at reconciliation and cooperation between the traditional right, characteristic of the Wilhelmine Period, and militant nationalists of the extreme right who would become popular during the interwar period.