hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chornukhy Raion
Chornukhy Raion (Ukrainian: Чорнухинський район, romanized: Čornuxyns'kyj rajon) was a raion (district) in Poltava Oblast in central Ukraine. The raion's administrative center was the urban-type settlement of Chornukhy. The raion was abolished and its territory was merged into Lubny Raion on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Poltava Oblast to four. The last estimate of the raion population was 10,568 (2020 est.).

Important rivers within the Dykanskyi Raion included the Vorskla and the Orzhytsia rivers.

At the time of disestablishment, the raion consisted of one hromada, Chornukhy settlement hromada with the administration in Chornukhy.

Poltava Oblast
Poltava Oblast (Ukrainian: Полтавська область, romanized: Poltavska oblast), also referred to as Poltavshchyna (Ukrainian: Полтавщина), is an oblast (province) of central Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Poltava. Most of its territory was part of the southern regions of the Cossack Hetmanate. Population: 1,352,283 (2022 estimate).

Three other important cities in the oblast are Horishni Plavni, Kremenchuk, and Lubny.
École Française d'Islamabad
École Française d'Islamabad (EFI) or the École Française Alfred Foucher was a French international school in Diplomatic Enclave I in Islamabad, Pakistan, serving maternelle (preschool) through lycée (senior high school). Students in the secondary levels used the distance education programme of the National Centre for Distance Education.

The school was affiliated with the French embassy and the French cultural centre.

National Centre for Distance Education
The National Centre for Distance Education (Centre national d'enseignement à distance or Cned in French) is a French public institution under the oversight of the Department of Education dedicated to providing distance learning material. It is the largest university in Europe by number of students.

It was created in 1939 and has been providing on-line material since the mid-1990s. The 3000 programs it offers range from kindergarten to university level. In 2022, about 350,000 students were registered, 30,000 living outside France. Of these, approximately 245,000 are higher education students ranging from polytechnic through to masters level. CNED offer the opportunity to study at a high level, while living in any country, or travelling around the globe. Students can study with books, or online (computer equipment used to study online is easier to carry when travelling).
2023 Atlanta Open – Doubles
Nathaniel Lammons and Jackson Withrow defeated Max Purcell and Jordan Thompson in the final, 7–6(7–3), 7–6(7–4) to win the doubles tennis title at the 2023 Atlanta Open.

Thanasi Kokkinakis and Nick Kyrgios were the reigning champions, but Kyrgios chose not to participate this year. Kokkinakis was scheduled to partner Lloyd Harris, but withdrew before their first round match.

Max Purcell
Max Purcell (born 3 April 1998) is an Australian suspended professional tennis player. He has reached a career-high singles ranking of world No. 40 on 16 October 2023 and a doubles ranking of No. 8 on 9 September 2024.
In doubles, he won two Grand Slam titles at the 2024 US Open with  Jordan Thompson and at the 2022 Wimbledon Championships with Matthew Ebden. The pair also finished runners-up at the 2022 Australian Open. Purcell also reached the finals at the 2020 Australian Open with Luke Saville and at the 2024 Wimbledon with Thompson. In mixed doubles, Purcell reached the semifinals at the 2021 US Open with Dayana Yastremska. He represented Australia in both disciplines at the 2020 Olympic Games, partnering John Peers in doubles.

In April 2025, Purcell accepted to serve an 18-month competition ban, due to expire in June 2026, for an anti-doping rule violation.
International Ornithologists' Union
The International Ornithologists' Union (IOU) is an international organization for the promotion of ornithology. It links basic and applied research and nurtures education and outreach activities. Specifically, the IOU organizes and funds global congresses on ornithology at regular intervals, sets up and supports commissions and committees on various aspects of avian biology and conservation, and initiates and backs other international ornithological activities with specific aims consistent with its own mission and goal. It discloses the names and professional affiliations of its members on its website to encourage international collaboration and networking. The IOU acts as the Ornithology Section of the IUBS.

International Union of Biological Sciences
The International Union of Biological Sciences  ( IUBS ) is a non-profit organization and non-governmental organization founded in 1919 that promotes biological sciences internationally. As a scientific umbrella organization, it was a founding member of the International Council for Science (ICSU).
Édoard Creuzé
Édouard Creuzé de Lesser (12 February 1883 – 7 March 1967) was a French sport shooter who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Paris and died in Mayenne, Mayenne. In 1912, he was a member of the French team which finished sixth in the team clay pigeons event. In the individual trap competition he finished 41st.

Shooting at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's team trap
The men's trap, team (originally called clay bird shooting, team competition) was a shooting sports event held as part of the shooting at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme. It was the second appearance of the event, which had been introduced in 1908. The competition was held from Saturday, 29 June 1912 to Monday, 1 July 1912.

Thirty-six sport shooters from six nations competed.
Munich South Ring
Munich South Ring (German: Münchner Südring) is the common name for a railway line running near the centre and through the southern districts of the Bavarian state capital of Munich. It connects Munich East station to the Munich Central Station (Hauptbahnhof) and Laim marshalling yard. Operationally it is mostly included in the Munich–Rosenheim railway (line 5510).

The South Ring is used by freight traffic as a direct connection between Laim and Munich East, bypassing the Hauptbahnhof. It is used by virtually all passenger trains between the central station and Rosenheim or Mühldorf. Only the Munich S-Bahn services run between the central station and Munich East on a separate line, the S-Bahn trunk line, cutting through the city centre in a tunnel.

Since the S-Bahn line is congested, it has long been debated whether to build another central tunnel as a second trunk line or to upgrade the South Ring for S-Bahn operations. Recently it has been decided to proceed with a second tunnel.

Mühldorf (Oberbay) station
Mühldorf (Oberbayern) station is a railway junction and station in the district town of Mühldorf in the German state of Bavaria. The station has seven platform tracks and is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 4 station. The station is served by 105 passenger trains each day operated by the Südostbayernbahn and frequented by about 10,000 travellers. It is also the central station of the “Bavarian Chemical Triangle” (Bayerisches Chemiedreieck). About 800 freight wagons are dispatched from it daily.
Yaoshania
Yaoshina is a monospecific genus of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Gastromyzontidae,  commonly called the hillstream loaches, although this also refers to the loaches in the family Balitoridae. The only species in the genus is Yaoshania pachychilus, the panda loach. A loach which is endemic to mountain streams in Jinxiu County, Guangxi in China. This species grows to a length of 5.8 centimetres (2.3 in) SL.  This species is monotypic, but it was formerly included in Protomyzon. Juveniles are strikingly coloured in black-and-white, but adults are relatively plain. Y. pachychilus quickly became a popular aquarium fish in the 2010s.

Balitoridae
Balitoridae, the hillstream loaches or river loaches, is a family, of small fish from South, Southeast and East Asia. The family includes about 202 species. They are sometimes sold as "lizardfish" or (in Germany) "flossensaugers". Many of the species are popular for aquaria; species in the genus Sewellia are most commonly sold in the aquaria trade. They have a number of similarities with the Cobitidae, their sibling family of "loaches", such as multiple barbels around the mouth.  They should not be confused with the loricariids, which look similar but are a family of catfish.

Most species are rheophilic, living in swift, clear and well-oxygenated streams. Several species of the family live in fast-flowing streams or torrents and have modified ventral fins used for clinging to rocks.

The subfamily Nemacheilinae has recently been separated as a distinct family, Nemacheilidae (stone loaches) and several genera have been separated into the family Gastromyzontidae.
Britt Weerman
Britt Weerman (Dutch: [brɪt ˈʋeːrmɑn]; born 13 June 2003) is a Dutch track and field athlete who competes in the high jump.

She won the silver medal at the 2023 European Indoor Championships. Weerman was the 2021 European Under-20 champion and finished second at the World U20 Championships a year later. She is the Dutch record holder for the high jump both outdoors and indoors, and has won eight national titles.

Ninove
Ninove (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈninoːvə] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the Flemish province of East Flanders in Belgium. It is on the river Dender, and is part of the Denderstreek. The municipality comprises the city of Ninove proper and since the 1976 merger of the towns of Appelterre-Eichem, Aspelare, Denderwindeke, Lieferinge, Meerbeke, Nederhasselt, Neigem, Okegem, Outer, Pollare and Voorde. On 1 January 2023 Ninove had a total population of 40.090. The total area is 72.57 km2 which gives a population density of 553 inhabitants per km2.
2018 Ivy League football season
The 2018 Ivy League football season was the 63rd season of college football play for the Ivy League and was part of the 2018 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The season began on September 14, 2018, and ended on November 17, 2018. Ivy League teams were 18–6 against non-conference opponents and Princeton won the conference championship, compiling a perfect 10–0 record.

2018 Princeton Tigers football team
The 2018 Princeton Tigers football team represented Princeton University in the 2018 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by ninth-year head coach Bob Surace and played their home games at Powers Field at Princeton Stadium. Princeton was a member of the Ivy League. They finished the season 10–0 overall and 7–0 in Ivy League play to win the Ivy League title. Princeton averaged 6,561 fans per game.
Grasswood
Grasswood, also known as Grasswood Park, is an unincorporated hamlet in Saskatchewan, Canada. It is part of the Rural Municipality of Corman Park No. 344 and is located just south of the city limits of Saskatoon. A second unincorporated hamlet, Furdale, is directly to the west.

The area comprises primarily residences and acreages, with a small commercial area on Highway 11, just outside Saskatoon. The bulk of the area's services are provided by the nearby city, with Highway 11, Clarence Avenue, and Lorne Avenue (Highway 219) providing direct access to Saskatoon (an additional access was provided via Preston Avenue until the 2010s when it was closed due to the Stonebridge residential development). Saskatoon's Animal Services facility is located in Grasswood.

Grasswood was declared an organized hamlet on March 6, 1992. At the request of its residents, it was reverted to hamlet status on January 1, 1999.

Stonebridge, Saskatoon
Stonebridge is a mostly residential neighbourhood located in south-central Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada. It is a suburban subdivision, consisting of low-density, single detached dwellings and a mix of medium-density apartment and semi-detached dwellings. As of 2009, the area is home to 994 residents. The neighbourhood is considered a middle-income area, with an average family income of $67,642, an average dwelling value of $321,004 and a home ownership rate of 72.4%.
Adriana Garroni
Adriana Garroni (born 1966) is an Italian mathematician specializing in mathematical analysis, including the calculus of variations, geometric measure theory, potential theory, and applications to the mathematical modeling of materials including plasticity and fracture. She is a professor in mathematics at Sapienza University of Rome.

Mathematical analysis
Analysis is the branch of mathematics dealing with continuous functions, limits, and related theories, such as differentiation, integration, measure, infinite sequences, series, and analytic functions.

These theories are usually studied in the context of real and complex numbers and functions. Analysis evolved from calculus, which involves the elementary concepts and techniques of analysis.
Analysis may be distinguished from geometry; however, it can be applied to any space of mathematical objects that has a definition of nearness (a topological space) or specific distances between objects  (a metric space).
Josh B. Stein
Josh Stein is an American venture capitalist and businessman. He is managing partner at Threshold Ventures (formed out of Draper Fisher Jurvetson),  and held or holds board responsibilities at a number of startup companies. As of 2020, this included Box, Chartbeat, LaunchDarkley, LendKey, Lumity, and Talkdesk. He led Box’s first round of institutional investment. He is also an investor in AngelList, Doximity, Front, Loftium, Periscope Data acquired by Sisense, and Rippling.

He was featured in the Forbes Midas List in 2013, 2014 and 2015 in recognition of his accomplishments as an investor. He was also the recipient of the 2015 Deloitte Fast 500 Venture Capitalist of the Year award.

LendKey
LendKey (formerly Fynanz Inc.) is a lending platform and online marketplace that allows consumers to apply for and receive private student loans, student loan refinancing and home improvement loans from their local credit unions and community banks. LendKey's cloud-based tools and infrastructure enable the nation's 13,000+ community financial institutions to enter online lending and offer loans for various asset classes.
Geraldine MacKenzie
Geraldine Adelaide Propsting MacKenzie (née Storrs, 1900–1980) was an Australian missionary and educator. She was born in Prahran, Victoria, and studied at Melbourne Church of England Grammar School and the University of Melbourne. In 1925, she married William MacKenzie, who had been appointed superintendent of Aurukun Presbyterian mission.

Geraldine MacKenzie spent her time at the mission nursing the sick and teaching at the mission school. The Governor of Queensland, Sir Henry Abel Smith, said that the MacKenzies "by their example of joyous service, generate and radiate happiness to all around them. Their aim has not been to destroy the tribal customs, but to preserve all that is good in them."

Henry Abel Smith
Colonel Sir Henry Abel Smith, KCMG, KCVO, DSO (8 March 1900 – 24 January 1993) was a British Army officer who served as Governor of Queensland, Australia. He married Lady May Cambridge, a niece of Queen Mary, consort of King George V.
Deh Dushab
Deh Dushab (Persian: ده دوشاب, also Romanized as Deh Dūshāb; also known as Deh Dūshābād) is a village in Rudbar-e Shahrestan Rural District, Alamut-e Gharbi District, Qazvin County, Qazvin Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 146, in 41 families.

Qazvin province
Qazvin province (Persian: استان قزوین; IPA: [ɢæzˈviːn] ⓘ) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. It is in the northwest of the country, with the city of Qazvin as its capital.

The province was carved out of Tehran and Zanjan provinces in 1997. The province was made a part of Region 1 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.
Encyclopedia of India
The Encyclopedia of India is a four-volume encyclopedia on Indian history and culture under editor-in-chief Stanley Wolpert.  The series was published by Gale (Cengage) in November 2005 under ISBN 978-0-684-31349-8.

The Library Journal has described Wolpert's work as "outstanding"

Stanley Wolpert
Stanley Albert Wolpert (December 23, 1927 – February 19, 2019) was an American historian, Indologist, and author on the political and intellectual history of modern India and Pakistan and wrote fiction and nonfiction books on the topics. He taught at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), from 1959 to 2002.
Winnipeg Warming Huts; An Art and Architecture Competition on Ice
The Warming Huts: An Art and Architecture Competition on Ice is a design competition that takes place in Winnipeg, Manitoba. The competition features art installations submitted by various artists and architects that are placed along the frozen Red River and Assiniboine River for the community to enjoy. The Warming Huts are the product of a recurring exercise in design and construction that takes place on the frozen rivers of Winnipeg every winter with limitless design variations allowing a lot of freedom for concept exploration.

Heat
In thermodynamics, heat is defined as the form of energy crossing the boundary of a thermodynamic system by virtue of a temperature difference across the boundary. A thermodynamic system does not contain heat. Nevertheless, the term is also often used to refer to the thermal energy contained in a system as a component of its internal energy and that is reflected in the temperature of the system.

Calorimetry is measurement of heat by its effect on the states of interacting bodies, for example, by the amount of ice melted or by change in temperature of a body.

In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of measurement for heat is the joule (J).
Anjarak-e Bala
Anjarak-e Bala (Persian: انجیرک بالا) is a village in Nosratabad Rural District, in the Corrin of Zahedan County, Sistan and Baluchestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 27, in 6 families.

Corrin
Corrin is a heterocyclic compound.  Although not known to exist on its own, the molecule is of interest as the parent macrocycle related to the cofactor and chromophore in vitamin B12. Its name reflects that it is the "core" of vitamin B12 (cobalamins). Compounds with a corrin core are known as "corrins".

There are two chiral centres, which in natural compounds like cobalamin have the same stereochemistry.
Olly Bowman
Oliver Bowman (born 2000), also known by his stage name of Mr Melk, is an Australian internet personality and musician. His song "Fredag (Digg å være norsk)" in Norwegian was released by Sony Music Norway, and was certified gold in Norway by IFPI Norge, peaking at number nine on the Norwegian music charts. He was nominated for an AACTA Audience Choice Award for Favourite Australian Digital Creator at the 14th AACTA Awards.

14th AACTA Awards
The 14th Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts Awards (generally known as the AACTA Awards) is an awards ceremony to celebrate the best of Australian films and television of 2024. The main ceremony occurred on 7 February 2025 at the Home of the Arts on the Gold Coast and was broadcast on Network 10 and Arena. The recipient of the Longford Lyell Award was film and television production company Working Dog Productions. The ceremony was preceded by an earlier industry luncheon on 5 February 2025.
Operation Omaid
Operation Omaid (Dari for Hope) was a planned 2010 military operation by international and Afghan forces to secure the southern city of Kandahar and push back the Taliban.  It would have come in the wake of the coalition offensive in Helmand Province focused on Marja, codenamed Operation Moshtarak.  According to a Taliban spokesperson, a series of deadly bombings in Kandahar on March 13 was carried out in response to the announcement of the impending operation.

Marja'
Marja' (Arabic: مرجع, romanized: marjiʿ ; plural marājiʿ ; lit. 'source to follow'  or 'religious reference') is a title given to the highest level of Twelver Shia religious cleric, with the authority given by a hawzah (a seminary where Shi'a Muslim scholars are educated) to make legal decisions within the confines of Islamic law for followers and clerics below him in rank. The highest ranking marjiʿ is known as the marja al-mutlaq or marja al-taqlid al-mutlaq. A marji' is usually also a grand ayatollah.

Sources differ as to when the institution of the marja' emerged, with Murtadha al-Ansari (died 1864) and Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (died 940 or 941) both being called the first marja'.

As of 2023, there are more than 50 living maraji, almost all residing in Iran or Iraq.
Antonio Moraes
Antonio Moraes (né Morais; 13 July 1924 – 14 January 2012), known professionally as A. Moraes, was an Indian playwright, theatre director, trumpeter, bandleader, and composer known for his work in khell (street play), folk plays, and tiatr (theatre) productions.

Goans
Goans (Romi Konkani: Goenkar, Portuguese: Goeses) is the demonym used to describe the people native to Goa, India, formerly part of Portuguese India (Estado Português da Índia). They form an ethno-linguistic group resulting from the assimilation of Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Indo-Portuguese, Austro-Asiatic ethnic and/or linguistic ancestries. They speak different dialects of the Konkani language, collectively known as Goan Konkani. "Goanese", although sometimes used, is an incorrect term for Goans.
Rejang dance
Rejang dance (Balinese: ᬋᬚᬂ) is a sacred Balinese dance, a sacrificial dance in which the girls offer themselves to the gods. It is usually held at the Hindu temple's of Klungkung Regency and Karangasem Regency in Bali, Indonesia. “Rejang” means “offering”, a dance to greet the gods that come down to the Earth. This dance is part of the sacred offering ceremonies, which all happen around about the same time on Bali's ceremonial calendar.

The main occasion is arranged as a three-day ceremony at the village hall of Bale Agung. The dancers required no prior training, believing that the spirit of ngayah would guide them to perform the dance movements harmoniously. Girls as young as two or three can be included in the procession. The dance is also known as ngeremas, Simi, or sutri.

Karangasem Regency
Karangasem Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Karangasem; Balinese: ᬓᬪᬹᬧᬢᬾ​ᬦ᭄ ᬓᬭᬗᬲᭂᬫ᭄, Kabupatén Karangasĕm) is a regency (kabupaten) of the province of Bali, Indonesia. It covers the east part of Bali, has an area of 836.68 km2 (323.04 sq mi). It is bordered by Buleleng Regency and Bangli Regency to its west and Klungkung Regency to its south, and the Indian Ocean to its south, the Bali Sea and the Java Sea to its north and the Lombok Strait to its east. The population of the regency as of mid-2024 was 538,390. Its regency seat is the town of Amlapura.

Karangasem was devastated when Mount Agung erupted in 1963, killing 1,900 people.  Karangasem was a kingdom before Bali was conquered by the Dutch.
Yeshaq
Yeshaq, the Ethiopian and Eritrean equivalent of "Isaac," can refer to multiple people:

Yeshaq I, Emperor of Ethiopia (r. 1414-29)

Bahr negus Yeshaq, Bahr negus of Medri Bahri during the late 16th century

Yeshaq Iyasu pretender to the Ethiopian throne in 1685

Medri Bahri
Medri Bahri (Tigrinya: ምድሪ ባሕሪ, English: Land of the Sea) or Mereb Melash (Tigrinya: መረብ ምላሽ, English: Beyond the Mereb) was a kingdom autonomous from the Ethiopian Empire ruled by the Bahr Negash. This kingdom was located north of the Mareb River and west of the Bur Province, in the Eritrean highlands (Kebassa) and some surrounding areas, mainly comprising the historical provinces of Hamasien and Seraye.