hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vopiscus (praenomen)
Vopiscus is a Latin praenomen, or personal name, which was occasionally used during the period of the Roman Republic, and later as a cognomen, surviving into imperial times. The feminine form is Vopisca. The name was not usually abbreviated, but is sometimes found with the abbreviation Vop.

The praenomen Vopiscus was always rare, but it was familiar to the scholar Marcus Terentius Varro, who described it as an antique name, no longer in general use by the 1st century BC. The only family known to have used it was gens Julia, but as with other uncommon praenomina, it may have been more common amongst the plebeians and in the countryside. The name was later used as a cognomen, becoming more frequent in imperial times. Vopiscus may once have been a praenomen in families that later used it as a cognomen, such as the Flavii and the Pompeii.

Pompeia gens
The gens Pompeia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome, first appearing in history during the second century BC, and frequently occupying the highest offices of the Roman state from then until imperial times.  The first of the Pompeii to obtain the consulship was Quintus Pompeius in 141 BC, but by far the most illustrious of the gens was Gnaeus Pompeius, surnamed Magnus, a distinguished general under the dictator Sulla, who became a member of the First Triumvirate, together with Caesar and Crassus.  After the death of Crassus, the rivalry between Caesar and Pompeius led to the Civil War, one of the defining events of the final years of the Roman Republic.
TE33A
The TE33A (ТЭ33А) is a type of diesel locomotive developed by GE Transportation Systems for 1,520 mm gauge railways. It is part of the GE Evolution Series family.

Following the delivery of an initial 10 locomotives from GE's plant at Erie, Pennsylvania, in the US, TE33A locomotives are being assembled from kits by the JSC Lokomotiv subsidiary of Kazakhstan Temir Zholy at a new factory in Astana which was opened by President Nursultan Nazarbayev on 3 July 2009.

GE Transportation
GE Transportation is a division of Wabtec. It was known as GE Rail and owned by General Electric until merged into Wabtec on February 25, 2019. The organization manufactures equipment for the railroad, marine, mining, drilling and energy generation industries. The company was founded in 1907. It is headquartered in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, while its main manufacturing facility is located in Erie, Pennsylvania. Locomotives are assembled at the Erie plant, while engine manufacturing takes place in Grove City, Pennsylvania. In May 2011, the company announced plans to build a second locomotive factory in Fort Worth, Texas, which opened in January 2013.
Cell Mates (play)
Cell Mates is a play by Simon Gray. It opened at the Albery Theatre, London on 16 February 1995, starring Stephen Fry and Rik Mayall, with Gray himself directing. Despite having performed successfully for several weeks during the pre-London warm-up dates in Guildford and Watford then at the Richmond Theatre, Fry left the West End production after three days. His understudy, Mark Anderson, stepped in, until Fry was replaced by Simon Ward. Nevertheless, the production closed on 25 March 1995.

Later in 1995, Gray released an autobiographical account of the production, called Fat Chance. It was published by Faber and Faber.

The play was revived at the Hampstead Theatre in December 2017, in a new production directed by Edward Hall and starring Geoffrey Streatfeild as George Blake.

Richmond Theatre (London)
The present Richmond Theatre, in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, is a British Victorian theatre located on Little Green, adjacent to Richmond Green. It opened on 18 September 1899 with a performance of As You Like It. One of the finest surviving examples of the work of theatre architect Frank Matcham, the building, in red brick with buff terracotta, is listed Grade II* by Historic England. John Earl, writing in 1982, described it as "[o]f outstanding importance as the most completely preserved Matcham theatre in Greater London and one of his most satisfying interiors."
Saleema Imtiaz
Saleema Imtiaz (born 18 December 1971) is an international cricket umpire from Pakistan. In October 2022, she stood in matches in the Women's Twenty20 Asia Cup tournament. On 15 September 2024, she was added to the Development Panel of ICC Umpires and became Pakistan's first woman umpire on ICC Development Panel.

Pakistan women's national team all-rounder Kainat Imtiaz is her daughter.

Umpire (cricket)
In cricket, an umpire (from the Old French nompere meaning not a peer, that is, not a  member of one of the teams, impartial) is a person who has the authority to make decisions about events on the cricket field according to the Laws of Cricket. Besides making decisions about legality of delivery, appeals for wickets and general conduct of the game in a legal manner, the umpire also keeps a record of the deliveries and announces the completion of an over.

The umpires in cricket are not to be confused with the referee who usually presides only over international matches and makes no decisions affecting the outcome of the game.
Toby Gilmore
Toby Gilmore (c. 1742/47 – 19 April 1812) was born in coastal West Africa (an area then known as Guinea (region)) as Shibodee Turrey Wurry, the son of a local chieftain. He was kidnapped at the age of sixteen by slave traders. Later, he would regain his freedom by enlisting in the Continental Army during the American Revolution.

Mitre
The mitre (Commonwealth English) or miter (American English; see spelling differences; both pronounced /ˈmaɪtər/ MY-tər; Greek: μίτρα, romanized: mítra, lit. 'headband') is a type of headgear now known as the traditional, ceremonial headdress of bishops and certain abbots in traditional Christianity. Mitres are worn in the Catholic Church, Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church (IOC), Malankara Syrian Orthodox Church (Jacobites), Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodox Churches, the Anglican Communion, some Lutheran churches, for important ceremonies, by the Metropolitan of the Malankara Mar Thoma Syrian Church, and also, in the Catholic Church, all cardinals, whether or not bishops, and some Eastern Orthodox archpriests.
Geology of Niger
The geology of Niger comprises very ancient igneous and metamorphic crystalline basement rocks in the west, more than 2.2 billion years old formed in the late Archean and Proterozoic eons of the Precambrian. The Volta Basin, Air Massif and the Iullemeden Basin began to form in the Neoproterozoic and Paleozoic, along with numerous ring complexes, as the region experienced events such as glaciation and the Pan-African orogeny. Today, Niger has extensive mineral resources due to complex mineralization and laterite weathering including uranium, molybdenum, iron, coal, silver, nickel, cobalt and other resources.

Chalcopyrite
Chalcopyrite (/ˌkælkəˈpaɪˌraɪt, -koʊ-/ KAL-kə-PY-ryte, -⁠koh-) is a copper iron sulfide mineral and the most abundant copper ore mineral. It has the chemical formula CuFeS2 and crystallizes in the tetragonal system. It has a brassy to golden yellow color and a hardness of 3.5 to 4 on the Mohs scale. Its streak is diagnostic as green-tinged black.

On exposure to air, chalcopyrite tarnishes to a variety of oxides, hydroxides, and sulfates. Associated copper minerals include the sulfides bornite (Cu5FeS4), chalcocite (Cu2S), covellite (CuS), digenite (Cu9S5); carbonates such as malachite and azurite, and rarely oxides such as cuprite (Cu2O). It is rarely found in association with native copper. Chalcopyrite is a conductor of electricity.

Copper can be extracted from chalcopyrite ore using various methods. The two predominant methods are pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy, the former being the most commercially viable.
Natasha Johns-Messenger
Natasha Johns-Messenger (born 1970) is an Australian conceptual artist and filmmaker, who has lived and worked in New York and Melbourne. Johns-Messenger is best known for her large-scale site-determined installations that examine spatial perception and light. Her work is a process of imitation, illusion and trickery, often activated by architectural interventions and optical physics.

Johns-Messenger's practice includes photography, digital painting and sculpture.

Australian Centre for Contemporary Art
The Australian Centre For Contemporary Art (ACCA) is a contemporary art gallery in Melbourne, Australia.  The gallery is located on Sturt Street in the Melbourne Arts Precinct, in the inner suburb of Southbank. Designed by Wood Marsh Architects, the building was completed in 2002, and includes facilities for Chunky Move dance company and the Malthouse Theatre.

Myles Russell-Cook has been Artistic Director and CEO of the centre since 2024.
Willow Tree Fen
Willow Tree Fen is a local nature reserve with an area of over 112.0 ha (277 acres) located near Bourne and Spalding, south of the River Glen, England. The site was acquired by Lincolnshire Wildlife Trust in 2009 and converted from an arable field into a wetland fen.

Bourne, Lincolnshire
Bourne is a market town and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It lies on the eastern slopes of the limestone Kesteven Uplands and the western edge of the Fens, 11 miles (18 km) north-east of Stamford, 12 miles (19 km) west of Spalding and 17 miles (27 km) north of Peterborough. The population at the 2011 census was 14,456. A 2019 estimate put it at 16,780.
Swavesey
Swavesey is a village lying on the Prime Meridian of the world in Cambridgeshire, England, with a population of 2,463. The village is situated 9 miles to the north west of Cambridge and 3 miles south east of St Ives.

Listed as Suauesye in the Domesday Book of 1086, the name Swavesey means "landing place (or island) of a man named Swaef".

Alien priory
Alien priories were religious establishments in England, such as monasteries and convents, which were under the control of another religious house outside England. Usually the mother-house was in France.
TVP23B
Golgi apparatus membrane protein TVP23 homolog B is a protein encoded by the gene TVP23B.

This gene has two paralog in the human genome, TVP23C, which is located on chromosome 17 at 17p12, and TVP23A, which is located on chromosome 16. The duplication appears to have appeared after the MRCA of humans and apes. This gene has homologs in eukaryotes as far back as Trichoplax.

Sequence homology
Sequence homology is the biological homology between DNA, RNA, or protein sequences, defined in terms of shared ancestry in the evolutionary history of life. Two segments of DNA can have shared ancestry because of three phenomena: either a speciation event (orthologs), or a duplication event (paralogs), or else a horizontal (or lateral) gene transfer event (xenologs).

Homology among DNA, RNA, or proteins is typically inferred from their nucleotide or amino acid sequence similarity. Significant similarity is strong evidence that two sequences are related by evolutionary changes from a common ancestral sequence. Alignments of multiple sequences are used to indicate which regions of each sequence are homologous.
2021 Atlanta Open – Doubles
Dominic Inglot and Austin Krajicek were the reigning champions from the tournament's previous edition in 2019, but chose not to participate in 2021.

Reilly Opelka and Jannik Sinner won the title, defeating Steve Johnson and Jordan Thompson in the final, 6–4, 6–7(6–8), [10–3].

Jordan Thompson (tennis)
Jordan Thompson (born 20 April 1994) is an Australian professional tennis player. He reached a career-high ranking of world No. 26 in singles and of No. 3 in doubles. Thompson won the Grand Slam title at the 2024 US Open with Max Purcell. He has won one singles and eight doubles ATP titles. He is currently the No. 4 Australian doubles player.
Tim Bearden
Timothy J. Bearden is an American politician. He is a member of the Georgia State Senate from the 30th district, serving since 2024 after winning a special election to replace previous senator Mike Dugan. He previously served in the Georgia House of Representatives from the 68th district, serving from 2005 to 2011. He is a member of the Republican Party.  Bearden was also appointed director of the Georgia Public Safety Training Center by former governor Nathan Deal in 2011.

Georgia State Senate
The Georgia State Senate is the upper house of the Georgia General Assembly, in the U.S. state of Georgia. The Georgia State Senate and the lower house of the General Assembly, the Georgia House of Representatives, comprise the bicameral legislature of the state. Combined, the Senate and the House maintain authority under Article III. of the 1983 Constitution of Georgia to enact laws "necessary and proper for the welfare of the state", although state law is subordinate to the state constitution, the United States Constitution, and federal law.

Like most upper houses in the United States, the Senate has the exclusive power to confirm various appointments made by the governor of Georgia, and to try cases of impeachment brought by the House. The Senate is often considered a springboard for those ultimately seeking higher office; all of the state's most recent governors have served in the State Senate.
Jon Lyng
Jon Lyng (19 April 1945 – 16 February 2003) was a Norwegian lawyer and politician for the Conservative Party.

He was born in London as a son of John Lyng. A lawyer by profession, he is best known as the defender of Arne Treholt in 1984–1985, together with Andreas Arntzen and Ulf Underland. In politics, he was a State Secretary in the Ministry of Justice and the Police from 1985 to 1986. He was a member of Oslo city council from 1983 to 1991, and chaired his local party branch from 1992 to 1996. He was also chair of Oslo Kinematografer from 1988 to 1991 and 1996 to 2003.

Public defender
A public defender is a lawyer appointed to represent people who otherwise cannot reasonably afford to hire a lawyer to defend themselves in a trial. Several countries provide people with public defenders, including the UK, Belgium, Hungary and Singapore, and some states of Australia. Brazil is the only country in which an office of government-paid lawyers with the specific purpose of providing full legal assistance and representation to the needy free of charge is established in the constitution. The Sixth Amendment to the US Constitution, as interpreted by the Supreme Court, requires the US government to provide legal counsel to indigent defendants in criminal cases. Public defenders in the United States are lawyers employed by or under contract with county, state or federal governments.
Bridgestone Aso Open
The Bridgestone Aso Open was a professional golf tournament that was held in Japan. It was an event on the Japan Golf Tour from 1978 to 1993. From 1983, it was played at the Aso Golf Club near Mount Aso in Kumamoto Prefecture.

Originally contested over 36 holes as the Aso National Park Open, the tournament was extended to 54 holes in 1981, and then 72 holes from 1982.

Kumamoto Prefecture
Kumamoto Prefecture (熊本県, Kumamoto-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [kɯ.ma.mo.to, -toꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Kyūshū. Kumamoto Prefecture has a population of 1,683,115 (as of 1 October 2025) and has a geographic area of 7,409 square kilometres (2,861 sq mi). Kumamoto Prefecture borders Fukuoka Prefecture to the north, Ōita Prefecture to the northeast, Miyazaki Prefecture to the southeast, and Kagoshima Prefecture to the south.

Kumamoto is the capital and largest city of Kumamoto Prefecture, with other major cities including Yatsushiro, Amakusa, and Tamana. Kumamoto Prefecture is located in the center of Kyūshū on the coast of the Ariake Sea, across from Nagasaki Prefecture, with the mainland separated from the East China Sea by the Amakusa Archipelago. Kumamoto Prefecture is home to Mount Aso, the largest active volcano in Japan and among the largest in the world, with its peak 1,592 metres (5,223 ft) above sea level.
Round Top (Alpine County, California)
Round Top is a 10,381-foot (3,164 m) mountain located on the Sierra crest in Alpine County, California, United States. Its summit is the highest point in Eldorado National Forest and the Mokelumne Wilderness. The mountain lies just south of Carson Pass. With 2,541 feet (774 m) of prominence, Round Top is the 16th most prominent mountain in the Sierra Nevada.

Topographic prominence
In topography, prominence (also referred to as autonomous height, and shoulder drop in US English, and drop in British English) is the relative height of a mountain or hill's summit relative to the lowest contour line encircling it but containing no higher summit within it. It is a measure of the independence of a summit. The key col ("saddle") around the peak is a unique point on this contour line and the parent peak (if any) is some higher mountain, selected according to various criteria.
Monitoring the Future
The Monitoring the Future (MTF) study, also known as the National High School Senior Survey, is a long-term epidemiological study that surveys trends in legal and illicit drug use among American adolescents and adults as well as personal levels of perceived risk and disapproval for each drug. The survey is conducted by researchers at the University of Michigan's Institute for Social Research, funded by research grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse, one of the National Institutes of Health.

Grant (money)
A grant is a fund given by a person or organization, often a public body, charitable foundation, a specialised grant-making institution, or in some cases a business with a corporate social responsibility mission, to an individual or another entity, usually, a non-profit organisation, sometimes a business or a local government body, for a specific purpose linked to public benefit. A funding agreement is often used to reflect the funding and funded parties' understanding of the purpose for which the grant has been given. Unlike loans, grants are not intended to be paid back. Examples include student grants, research grants, the Sovereign Grant paid by the UK Treasury to the monarch, and some European Regional Development Fund payments in the European Union.
The Paralegal Institute
The Paralegal Institute is a nationally accredited two-year college based in Phoenix, Arizona, United States. The Paralegal Institute (TPI) offers programs specializing in paralegal, criminal justice, medical transcription and legal nurse consultation.

Diploma
A diploma is a document awarded by an educational institution (such as a college or university) testifying the recipient has graduated by successfully completing their courses of studies. Historically, it has also referred to a charter or official document of diplomacy.

The diploma (as a document certifying a qualification) may also be called a testamur, Latin for "we testify" or "certify" (testari), so called from the word with which the certificate begins; this is commonly used in Australia to refer to the document certifying the award of a degree. Alternatively, this document can simply be referred to as a degree certificate or graduation certificate, or as a parchment. The certificate that a Nobel laureate receives is also called a diploma.

The term diploma is also used in some historical contexts, to refer to documents signed by a monarch affirming a grant or tenure of specified land and its conditions (see Anglo-Saxon charters and diplomatics).
Red River cart
The Red River cart is a large two-wheeled cart made entirely of non-metallic materials. Often drawn by oxen, though also by horses or mules, these carts were used throughout most of the 19th century in the fur trade and in westward expansion in Canada and the United States, in the area of the Red River and on the plains west of the Red River Colony.  The cart is a simple conveyance developed by Métis for use in their settlement on the Red River in what later became Manitoba. With carts, the Metis were not restricted to river travel to hunt bison. The Red River cart was largely responsible for commercializing the buffalo hunt.

Mule
The mule is a domestic equine hybrid between a donkey and a horse. It is the offspring of a male donkey (a jack) and a female horse (a mare). The horse and the donkey are different species, with different numbers of chromosomes; of the two possible first-generation hybrids between them, the mule is easier to obtain and more common than the hinny, which is the offspring of a male horse (a stallion) and a female donkey (a jenny).

Mules vary widely in size, and may be of any color seen in horses or donkeys. They are more patient, hardier and longer-lived than horses, and are perceived as less obstinate and more intelligent than donkeys.: 5
2013 Open GDF Suez de Touraine – Doubles
Séverine Beltrame and Julie Coin were the defending champions, having won the event in 2012, but Beltrame had announced her retirement from professional tennis in June 2013. Coin partnered up with Ana Vrljić as the third seeds.

Coin and Vrljić won the tournament, defeating first seeds Andrea Hlaváčková and Michaëlla Krajicek in the final, 6–3, 4–6, [15–13].

Julie Coin
Julie Coin (French pronunciation: [ʒyli kwɛ̃]; born 2 December 1982) is a retired French tennis player.

Coin recorded the biggest win of her career by defeating the then-world No. 1 ranked Ana Ivanovic at the 2008 US Open. Her career-high singles ranking is world No. 60, achieved on 27 July 2009. She peaked at No. 49 in the doubles rankings on 19 April 2010.
Xar (archiver)
XAR (short for eXtensible ARchive format) is an open source file archiver and the default file format of macOS's archiver app.  It was created within the OpenDarwin project and is used in macOS X 10.5 and up for software installation routines, as well as browser extensions in Safari 5.0 and up.  Xar replaced the use of gzipped pax files.

One development branch of RPM, RPM5, uses xar.

Darwin (operating system)
Darwin is the core Unix-like operating system of macOS, iOS, watchOS, tvOS, iPadOS, audioOS, visionOS, and bridgeOS. It previously existed as an independent open-source operating system, first released by Apple in 2000. It is composed of code derived from NeXTSTEP, FreeBSD and other BSD operating systems, Mach, and other free software projects' code, as well as code developed by Apple. Darwin's unofficial mascot is Hexley the Platypus.

Darwin is mostly POSIX-compatible, but has never, by itself, been certified as compatible with any version of POSIX. Starting with Leopard, macOS has been certified as compatible with the Single UNIX Specification version 3 (SUSv3).
Jamie Muir (politician)
Jamie Muir (born 2 February 1941) is a Canadian educator and politician. He represented the electoral district of Truro-Bible Hill in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1998 to 2009. He was a member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia.

Truro-Bible Hill-Millbrook-Salmon River
Truro-Bible Hill-Millbrook-Salmon River is a provincial electoral district in Nova Scotia, Canada, that elects one member to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly.

The electoral district was created in 1978 and was named Truro-Bible Hill until it was renamed in the 2012 electoral boundary review; there were no boundary changes.

The present name for the electoral district was used beginning with the 2013 provincial election.