hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
St. Augustine's College (Cape Coast)
St. Augustine’s College is an all-male boarding academic institution in Cape Coast, Ghana. As the first catholic school established in Ghana, the school started at Amissano, a village near Elmina, in 1930. The Roman Catholic institution was established to serve as a training college and seminary. The school was named after St. Augustine of Hippo (354 – 430 AD). The motto of the college is Omnia Vincit Labor, meaning "Perseverance conquers All". The school has a total of 12 houses.

Elmina
Elmina (Fante: Edina) is a town and the capital of the Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem District on the south coast of Ghana in the Central Region.: 1  It is situated on a bay on the Atlantic Ocean, 12.2 km (7.6 mi) west of Cape Coast. Elmina was the first European settlement in West Africa and it has a population of 33,576 people, as of 2013. The current Municipality chief of Elmina is Solomon Ebo Appiah.

When the Portuguese, after first coming in contact with the Gold Coast, struck an agreement with the King of Elmina to build the  São Jorge da Mina Castle in the 1470s, the settlement grew to become an important centre of commerce and trade in the region. Nowadays, Elmina shows strong influences from Europe in its culture and people.
32nd Aviation Division
The 32nd Aviation Division (Serbo-Croatian: 32. vazduhoplovna divizija/ 32. ваздухопловна дивизија) was a Yugoslavian military air unit originally established in 1945 as the 4th Aviation Bomber Division (Serbo-Croatian: 4. vazduhoplovna bombarderska divizija / 4. ваздухопловна бомбардерска дивизија).

Sombor
Sombor (Serbian Cyrillic: Сомбор, pronounced [sɔ̂ːmbɔr]; Hungarian: Zombor; Pannonian Rusyn: Зомбор, romanized: Zombor) is a city and the administrative center of the West Bačka District in the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The city has a total population of 41,814 (as of 2022), while its administrative area (including neighboring villages) has 70,818 inhabitants.
Thomas Pelham, 1st Baron Pelham
Thomas Pelham, 1st Baron Pelham of Laughton Bt (c. 1653 – 23 February 1712) was a moderate English Whig politician and Member of Parliament for several constituencies. He is best remembered as the father of two British prime ministers (Henry Pelham and the Duke of Newcastle) who, between them, served for 18 years as prime minister.

Pelham was born in Laughton, Sussex, the son of Sir John Pelham, 3rd Baronet and his wife Lucy Sidney (daughter of Robert Sidney, 2nd Earl of Leicester). Pelham was educated at Tonbridge School and Christ Church, Oxford.

He sat for East Grinstead from October 1678 until August 1679. In October 1679 he was returned for Lewes, serving until 1702; he subsequently chose to sit for Sussex, a seat he held until 1705.

East Grinstead (UK Parliament constituency)
East Grinstead was a parliamentary constituency in the Kingdom of England, the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the United Kingdom. It first existed as a Parliamentary borough from 1307, returning two Members of Parliament to the House of Commons elected by the bloc vote system. The borough was disfranchised under the Reform Act 1832, but the name was revived at the 1885 election when the Redistribution of Seats Act created a new single-member county division of the same name.

Upon its abolition for the 1983 election, its territory was divided between Mid Sussex and Wealden.
Massimo Brunello
Massimo Brunello (Arquà Polesine, (1967-06-18)18 June 1967) is an Italian former Rugby union player and current rugby union coach. From 2015 to 2020 he has been the head coach of Calvisano. From 2020 to 2024 he has been the head coach of the Italy Under 20s. Since 2024 he is the head coach of Zebre.

Rugby Calvisano
Rugby Calvisano is an Italian rugby union club currently competing in the Top12. They are based in Calvisano (Province of Brescia), in Lombardy. They were founded in 1970 by a group of players: Tonino Montanari, Gianluigi Vaccari and Alfredo Gavazzi. In 1992 the club became “Rugby Calvisano S.r.l.”
CD Vera (Tenerife)
Club Deportivo Vera is a Spanish football team based in Puerto de la Cruz, in the autonomous community of Canary Islands. Founded on 1 January 1936, it plays in Interinsular Preferente, holding home matches at Estadio Nuevo Salvador Ledesma, with a capacity of 1,500 people.

Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol in Canary Islands
The Divisiones Regionales de Fútbol in the Canary Islands are ultimately overseen by the Federación Canaria de Fútbol which operates Group 12 of the Tercera División RFEF, the fifth tier of the Spanish football league system, divided among each of the country's autonomous regions. However, unlike most of the regions, the leagues in the sixth tier and below are organised by two separate federations, corresponding to the provinces of Las Palmas and Tenerife. The other region with this arrangement is the Basque Country which has three provincial forks to its amateur setup; Andalusia and the Balearic Islands have two and three parallel divisions respectively under the same umbrella.
İncirli (Metrobus)
İncirli is a station on the Istanbul Metrobus Bus rapid transit line. It is located on the D.100 state highway, with the entrances/exits on both sides of the road.

İncirli station was opened on 17 September 2007 as part of the original metrobus line.

State road D.100 (Turkey)
D.100, in public known as E-5, is a west-to-east state road in Turkey. It starts at Kapıkule, the Bulgarian border check point, and ends in Gürbulak, the Iranian border check point. Running all the way from west to east, it crosses most of the north-to-south state roads, including the D.650, D.750, D.850 and D.950.

Road can be joint into European Route E-80, publicly known as TEM Road.

Road name was Changed in 1992 as D.100 but in public road still calls E-5. But today E-5 Roads cover Scotland-Spain.
The AWK Programming Language
The AWK Programming Language is a well-known 1988 book written by Alfred V. Aho, Brian W. Kernighan, and Peter J. Weinberger and published by Addison-Wesley, often referred to as the gray book. The book describes the AWK programming language and is the de facto standard for the language, written by its inventors. W. Richard Stevens, author of several UNIX books including Advanced Programming in the Unix Environment, cites the book as one of his favorite technical books. The book is translated to several languages and is cited by many technical papers in the ACM journals.

According to the book's frontmatter the book was typeset "using an Autologic APS-5 phototypesetter and a DEC VAX 8550 running the 9th Edition of the UNIX operating system".

In September 2023, the second edition was published by Addison-Wesley, along with an accompanying website.

Research Unix
Research Unix refers to the early versions of the Unix operating system for DEC PDP-7, PDP-11, VAX, and Interdata 7/32 and 8/32 computers, developed in the Bell Labs Computing Sciences Research Center (CSRC). The term Research Unix first appeared in the Bell System Technical Journal (Vol. 57, No. 6, Part 2 July/August 1978) to distinguish it from other versions internal to Bell Labs (such as PWB/UNIX and MERT) whose code-base had diverged from the primary CSRC version. However, that term was little-used until Version 8 Unix (1985), but has been retroactively applied to earlier versions as well. Prior to V8, the operating system was most commonly called simply UNIX (in caps) or the UNIX Time-Sharing System.

Ancient UNIX is any early release of the Unix code base prior to Unix System III, particularly the Research Unix releases prior to and including Version 7 (the base for UNIX/32V as well as later developments of AT&T Unix).
Ait Sidi Daoud
Ait Sidi Daoud is a small town and rural commune in 
Al Haouz Province of the Marrakech-Tensift-Al Haouz region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 19286 people living in 3353 households.

Marrakesh-Tensift-El Haouz
Marrakesh–Tensift–El Haouz (Arabic: مراكش تانسيفت الحوز) was formerly one of the 16 regions of Morocco from 1997 to 2015. It was situated in central Morocco. It covered an area of 31,160 km² and had a population of  3,576,673  (2014 census). The capital is Marrakesh. In 2015, the region annexed Safi and Youssoufia Provinces (both formerly from the Doukkala-Abda Region) to become the Region of Marrakesh-Safi.
Sologne
Sologne (/səˈlɔɪn/; French pronunciation: [sɔlɔɲ] ⓘ) is a natural region in Centre-Val de Loire, France, extending over portions of the departements of Loiret, Loir-et-Cher and Cher. Its area is about 5,000 square kilometres (1,900 sq mi).  To its north is the river Loire, to its south the river Cher, while the districts of Sancerre and Berry are to its east. Its inhabitants are known as the Solognots (masculine) and Solognotes (feminine).

Its name is thought to derive either from the Latin sœcalonia ("rye country") or sabulonia ("sandy country").

Loir-et-Cher
Loir-et-Cher (/ˌlwɑːr eɪ ˈʃɛər/; French: [lwaʁ e ʃɛʁ] ⓘ) is a department in the Centre-Val de Loire region of France. It is named after two rivers which run through it, the Loir in its northern part and the Cher in its southern part. Its prefecture is Blois. The INSEE and La Poste gave it the number 41. It had a population of 329,470 in 2019.
Henry J. Biddle
Henry Jonathan Biddle (1862–1928) was a botanist, engineer, businessman and amateur sportsman of southwest Washington as well as Portland, Oregon in the early 20th century. He owned about 360 acres of real estate in and around Vancouver, Washington.

Vancouver, Washington
Vancouver (/væn.ˈkuː.vər/ ⓘ van-KOO-vər) is a city in Clark County, Washington, United States, located on the north bank of the Columbia River. It had a population of 190,915 at the 2020 census, making it the fourth-most populous city in Washington. Founded in 1825 and incorporated in 1857, the city was originally established around Fort Vancouver, a fur trading outpost, and is situated directly north of Portland, Oregon, along the Washington–Oregon state line. Vancouver serves as the county seat of Clark County and is part of the Portland metropolitan area.
Artificial Insemination Centre of Quebec
The Artificial Insemination Centre of Quebec (French: Centre d'Insémination artificielle du Québec) (CIAQ) is a limited partnership society founded in 1948 located in Saint-Hyacinthe, Quebec, Canada with the mission of improving through artificial insemination bovine herds used in milk and meat production throughout the province. The CIAQ is currently the sole bovine sperm production facility in Quebec and is the property of the Milk Producers of Quebec (PLQ), the Quebec Council of Milk Producing Breeds (CQRL) and the Provincial Council of Cattle Amelioration Clubs (CPCAB).

The CIAQ provides cattle farmers with bulls from the Ayrshire, Canadienne, Holstein, Jersey and Brown Swiss milk producing breeds along with other beef breeds. Around 800,000 doses of semen from the CIAQ's banks are used yearly by farmers in Quebec, Nova Scotia and around the world through the Semex Alliance, of which the CIAQ is a founding partner with a 45% stake.

Animal breeding
Animal breeding is a branch of animal science that addresses the evaluation (using best linear unbiased prediction and other methods) of the genetic value (estimated breeding value, EBV) of livestock. Selecting for breeding animals with superior EBV in growth rate, egg, meat, milk, or wool production, or with other desirable traits has revolutionized livestock production throughout the entire world. The scientific theory of animal breeding incorporates population genetics, quantitative genetics, statistics, and recently molecular genetics and is based on the pioneering work of Sewall Wright, Jay Lush, and Charles Henderson.
American Academy of Ophthalmology
The American Academy of Ophthalmology is a professional medical association of ophthalmologists. It is headquartered in San Francisco, California. Its membership of 32,000 medical doctors includes more than 90 percent of practicing ophthalmologists in the United States as well as over 7,000 members abroad.

The academy's stated mission is "to protect sight and empower lives by serving as an advocate for patients and the public, leading ophthalmic education, and advancing the profession of ophthalmology."

Medical association
A medical association is a trade association that brings together practitioners of a particular geographical area (a country, region, province). In common-law countries, they are often grouped by medical specialties (cardiologists, surgeons, family doctors, etc.).

Medical associations act as a safeguard of the fundamental values of the medical profession: the deontological ethics and code of ethics. In addition to providing exclusive representation in national and international medical practitioners, a medical college is responsible for management and protection of the medical profession.

In most countries, licensing is usually required. A professional or college official is a public corporation of an industry association composed of persons exercising liberal professions and calls are usually covered by the state. Associate members are also known as colleges.
Heine Totland
Heine Totland (born 16 October 1970 in Moster, Bømlo Municipality, Norway) is a Norwegian-Danish singer and has featured in several prominent productions, like State, Gli Scapoli, Silje Nergaard, the musical Sophies verden, Køhn/Johansen Sextet, among others.

Moster (island)
Moster is an island in Bømlo Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The 12-square-kilometre (4.6 sq mi) island lies just south of the large island of Bømlo, surrounded by the Bømlafjorden. The Røyksund Channel is a small navigable channel that separates Moster from the island of Bømlo. There is one bridge on the Norwegian County Road 542 that crosses the channel, connecting the island to the rest of the municipality, which in turn is connected to the mainland via the Triangle Link.

The island is the location of the village of Mosterhamn. The thousand-year old Old Moster Church is located in Mosterhamn, and the newer Moster Church is also located on the island. The Mostrating was a thing that was held in Moster in 1024 by King Olav II and Bishop Grimketel. This is considered the meeting that made Christianity the national religion of Norway.
André Smets
André Smets (5 July 1943 – 30 December 2019) was a Belgian politician, who served as Mayor of Herve from 1985 to 2010. He also sat in the Chamber of Representatives for the Verviers constituency from 1999 to 2003. As a member of parliament he mainly focused on traffic, infrastructure and government-owned companies.

In 1970 he was elected to Herve as a municipal councillor for the then PSC (precursor of the current Centre démocrate humaniste) and from 1977 to 1985 as an alderman. In 1985 he became mayor of the municipality, which he remained until leaving politics at the end of 2010.

Smets was a teacher by profession and from 1975 to 1999 he was head of the Institut Saint-Joseph in Herve.

Herve
Herve (French pronunciation: [ɛʁv] ⓘ; Limburgish: Herf; Walloon: Heve) is a city and municipality of Wallonia located in the province of Liège, Belgium. On January 1, 2018 Herve had a total population of 17,598. The total area is 56.84 km2 (21.95 square miles) which gives a population density of 310 inhabitants per square kilometre (800/sq mi).

It is famed for its Herve cheese.
Francis Beer
Francis A. Beer is an American professor emeritus of political science, University of Colorado at Boulder. His research focuses on war and peace. Honors and awards include listings in Who's Who in the World and Who's Who in America, as well as other directories. He was president of the International Studies Association/West and co-edited, with Ted Gurr at the University of Colorado, a series of Sage books on "Violence, Conflict, Cooperation." In addition to two Fulbright awards to France and the Netherlands he has received other awards from the Earhart Foundation, the Institute for World Order, and the National Endowment for the Humanities. At the University of Colorado, he represented the faculty as chair of the Boulder Faculty Assembly.

Earhart Foundation
The Earhart Foundation was an American conservative private charitable foundation that funded research and scholarship since its founding in 1929 by oil executive Harry Boyd Earhart. Richard Ware served as the Foundation's longtime president.
Bataysk railway station
Bataysk railway station (Russian: станция Батайск) is a major mainline railway station located in self-named city, Rostov oblast, Russia. It is a junction of North Caucasus Railway, 10 km from Rostov-Glavny. The station combines four routes out of Bataysk. It is an important junction, where the Rostov-on-Don — Tikhoretsk (Tikhoretsk station) main line, and the railway lines to Azov, Salsk and Starominskaya diverge. It is approximately 300 m from the town center.

Bataysk
Bataysk (Russian: Бата́йск) is a city in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) southwest of Rostov-on-Don. Population: 126,988 (2021 census); 111,843 (2010 census); 107,438 (2002 census); 91,930 (1989 Soviet census).
Panathinaikos F.C. Academy
Panathinaikos maintains youth and amateur departments since the 1950s, while Panathinaikos F.C. manage them since 1981. They cooperate with a network of 55 soccer schools in Greece (Panathinaikos FC Soccer Schools), while they were the first Greek club with academies abroad (Cyprus, United States, Australia, Canada, Israel).

Giorgos Karagounis
Georgios Karagkounis (Greek: Γεώργιος Καραγκούνης; born 6 March 1977), known as Giorgos Karagounis (Greek: Γιώργος Καραγκούνης), is a former Greek professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

In his club career, Karagounis played for Panathinaikos, Apollon Smyrnis, Inter Milan, Benfica and Fulham.

At international level, Karagounis represented Greece between 1999 and 2014. He was a member of the UEFA Euro 2004 winning squad, and also represented Greece at UEFA Euro 2008, the 2010 FIFA World Cup, UEFA Euro 2012 and the 2014 FIFA World Cup. With 139 appearances, he is the most capped player in the history of the Greece national team.
Peter Nørklit
Peter Nørklit (born 13 February 1971) is a Danish former handballer and current handball coach. He has previously played for the Spanish clubs Portland San Antonio and BM Altea, and Danish sides FCK Håndbold and HØJ Håndbold.

He retired in 2019 at the age of 48, after 5 seasons at HØJ Håndbold. Afterwards he continued as a coach at the club.

During the 1990s and the beginning of the 2000s, Nørklit was the first choice as goalkeeper of the Danish national handball team playing 131 national team matches.

In an addition to handball, he has worked as a high school teacher in Gentofte, teaching math and sports.

He is the father of fellow handball player Andrea Nørklit Jørgensen.

Gentofte
Gentofte (Danish pronunciation: [ˈkentsʰʌftə]) is a district of Gentofte Municipality in the northern suburbs of Copenhagen, Denmark. Major landmarks include Gentofte Town Hall, Gentofte Hospital and Gentofte Church. Gentofte Lake with surrounding parkland and nature reserves form the most important greenspace.
1917 Chester race riot
The 1917 Chester race riot was a race riot in Chester, Pennsylvania, that took place over four days in July 1917.  Racial tensions increased greatly during the World War I industrial boom due to white hostility toward the large influx of southern blacks who moved North as part of the Great Migration. The riot began after a black man walked in a white neighborhood with his girlfriend and bumped into another couple. This led to a fight in which the black man stabbed and killed the white man. In retaliation, white gangs targeted and attacked blacks throughout the city. Four days of violent melees involving mobs of hundreds of people followed. The Chester police along with the Pennsylvania National Guard, Pennsylvania State Police, mounted police officers and a 150-person posse finally quelled the riot after four days.  The riot resulted in 7 deaths, 28 gunshot wounds, 360 arrests and hundreds of hospitalizations.

Pennsylvania National Guard
The Pennsylvania National Guard is one of the oldest and largest National Guards in the United States Department of Defense. It traces its roots to 1747 when Benjamin Franklin established the Associators in Philadelphia.

With more than 18,000 personnel, the Pennsylvania National Guard is the second-largest of all of the state National Guards. It has the second-largest Army National Guard and the fourth-largest Air National Guard. These forces are respective components of the United States Army and Air Force.

The Pennsylvania National Guard is also part of the Pennsylvania Department of Military and Veterans Affairs, which is headed by Pennsylvania Adjutant General Brigadier General John Pippy. It is headquartered at Fort Indiantown Gap in Lebanon County, Pennsylvania and has facilities in more than eighty locations across the state.
Yudychvumchorr
Yudychvumchorr (Russian: Юдычвумчорр) is a peak in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. It is the highest point of the oblast and of the Kola Peninsula. The peak is also the highest point of the European side of the Russian Arctic, not counting Arctic islands.

The name of the mountain originated in the Kildin Sami language.

Kildin Sámi
Kildin Sámi, also spelt as Kildin Saami is a Sámi language spoken on the Kola Peninsula of northwestern Russia by the Kildin Sámi, who have historically inhabited the peninsula.

The Sámi languages closest to Kildin are Ter Sámi and Akkala Sámi, in Soviet tradition sometimes considered to be dialects of Kildin Sámi. From a strictly geographical point of view, only Kildin and Ter, spoken on the Peninsula, could be regarded as Kola Sámi. It is the largest of the Eastern Sámi languages by number of speakers. However, unlike its close relatives Skolt Sámi or Inari Sámi Kildin is today only used actively by very few people.
Cerro Laguna Blanca
Laguna Blanca is a peak in Argentina with an elevation of 6,012 metres (19,724 ft) metres. Laguna Blanca is the highest peak of Sierra de Laguna Blanca, a range within Puna de Atacama, a high plateau of the Andes. It is within the protected area "Natural Provincial Reserve and Biosphere of Laguna Blanca". Cerro Laguna Blanca is located within the territory of the Argentinean province of Catamarca. Its slopes are within the administrative boundaries of two Argentine cities: Antofagasta de la Sierra and Villa Vil.

Puna de Atacama
The Puna de Atacama or Atacama Plateau is an arid high plateau, in the Andes of northern Chile (15%) and northwest of Argentina (85%). Geomorphologist Walther Penck based his Grossfalt landform association on Puna de Atacama.
Critical Asian Studies
Critical Asian Studies is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering research in Asian studies. It is published by Routlegde and the editor-in-chief is Robert J. Shepherd (George Washington University).

Asian studies
Asian studies is the term used usually in North America and Australia for what in Europe is known as Oriental studies. The field is concerned with the Asian people, their cultures, languages, history and politics. Within the Asian sphere, Asian studies combines aspects of sociology, history, cultural anthropology, cultural studies, and many other disciplines to study political, cultural and economic phenomena in Asian traditional and contemporary societies. Asian studies form a field of post-graduate study in many universities.

It is a branch of area studies, and many Western universities combine Asian and African studies in a single faculty or institute, like SOAS in London. It is often combined with Islamic studies in a similar way. The history of the discipline in the West is covered under Oriental studies.

The International Institute for Asian Studies (IIAS) only considers Asia to the east of the Indus River in its scope of "Asian Studies".