hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gradin
Gradin (pronounced [ˈɡɾáːdin]; Italian: Gràdena) is a settlement in the City Municipality of Koper in the Littoral region of Slovenia.

The former parish church in the settlement is dedicated to the Feast of the Holy Cross.

Urban Municipality of Koper
The Urban Municipality of Koper (pronounced [ˈkoːpəɾ]; Slovene: Mestna občina Koper, Italian: Comune città di Capodistria) is one of twelve urban municipalities of Slovenia. It is located at the coastline of the Adriatic Sea in southwestern Slovenia and was established in 1994. The seat of the municipality is the town of Koper. Since 1995, the area has been part of the Coastal–Karst Statistical Region. The municipality is bilingual, with both Slovene and Italian recognized, and it shares borders with Italy and Croatia.
Fluorescence-activating and absorption-shifting tag
FAST (Fluorescence-Activating and absorption-Shifting Tag) is a genetically-encoded protein tag which, upon reversible combination with a fluorogenic chromophore, allows the reporting of proteins of interest.  FAST, a small 14 kDa protein, was engineered from the photoactive yellow protein (PYP) by directed evolution.  It was disclosed for the first time in 2016 by researchers from Ecole normale supérieure de Paris.  FAST was further evolved into splitFAST (2019), a complementation system for protein-protein interaction monitoring, and CATCHFIRE (2023), a self-reporting protein dimerizing system.

Directed evolution
Directed evolution (DE) is a method used in protein engineering that mimics the process of natural selection to steer proteins or nucleic acids toward a user-defined goal. It consists of subjecting a gene to iterative rounds of mutagenesis (creating a library of variants), selection  (expressing those variants and isolating members with the desired function) and amplification (generating a template for the next round). It can be performed in vivo (in living organisms), or in vitro (in cells or free in solution). Directed evolution is used both for protein engineering as an alternative to rationally designing modified proteins, as well as for experimental evolution studies of fundamental evolutionary principles in a controlled, laboratory environment.
Sebastian Owuya
Sebastian Owuya (born 8 October 1991) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey player, who played in briefly in the Swedish Hockey League (Eliteserien) with Timrå IK and later with Kongsvinger Knights of the Norwegian GET-ligaen. He predominately played in the Swedish third tier, the HockeyEttan.

EliteHockey Ligaen
EliteHockey Ligaen (EHL) is the premier Norwegian ice hockey league, organised by the Norwegian Ice Hockey Association. It comprises 10 clubs and works on the premise of promotion and relegation, in which the two teams who placed last must play the top two teams from First Division (the league ranked immediately below) for the rights to play in the next Eliteserie season.

Teams from the EHL can participate in the IIHF's annual Champions Hockey League (CHL), competing for the European Trophy. Participation is based on the strength of the various leagues in Europe (excluding the European/Asian Kontinental Hockey League). Going into the 2022–23 CHL season, the EHL was ranked 11th among leagues in Europe, allowing them to send their top team to compete in the CHL.
Nicholas Mayhew
Nicholas Julian Mayhew (Nick Mayhew) (1948 - 17 August 2024) was a British numismatist and historian. Mayhew was Emeritus Professor of Numismatics and Monetary History, at the Ashmolean Museum, specialising in British and European medieval monetary history and numismatics. He was formerly deputy director (Collections) at the Ashmolean Museum. He first joined the Ashmolean Museum in 1971. Mayhew died on 17 August 2024.

Numismatist
A numismatist is a specialist, researcher, and/or well-informed collector of numismatics/coins ("of coins"; from Late Latin numismatis, genitive of numisma). Numismatists can include collectors, specialist dealers, and scholar-researchers who use coins (and possibly, other currency) in object-based research. Although use of the term numismatics was first recorded in English in 1799, people had been collecting and studying coins long before then all over the world. The branch of numismatics that deals with the study and collection of paper currency and banknotes is called notaphily.
2001 National League Division Series
The 2001 National League Division Series (NLDS), the opening round of the National League side in Major League Baseball’s 2001 postseason, began on Tuesday, October 9, and ended on Sunday, October 14, with the champions of the three NL divisions—along with a "wild card" team—participating in two best-of-five series. The teams were:

(1) Houston Astros (Central Division champion, 93–69) vs. (3) Atlanta Braves (Eastern Division champion, 88–74): Braves win series, 3–0.

(2) Arizona Diamondbacks (Western Division champion, 92–70) vs. (4) St. Louis Cardinals (Wild Card, 93–69): Diamondbacks win series, 3–2.

The Diamondbacks and Braves went on to meet in the NL Championship Series (NLCS). The Diamondbacks became the National League champion, and defeated the American League champion New York Yankees in the 2001 World Series.

Steve Kline (left-handed pitcher)
Steven James Kline (born August 22, 1972) is an American college baseball coach for the IUP Crimson Hawks. He is also a former professional relief pitcher who pitched for the Cleveland Indians, Montreal Expos, St. Louis Cardinals, Baltimore Orioles, and San Francisco Giants of Major League Baseball (MLB) over an 11-year career. Kline attended West Virginia University, where he played college baseball for the Mountaineers.
Commonwealth Railways CN class
The Commonwealth Railways CN class was a class of 4-6-0 steam locomotives purchased by the Commonwealth Railways, Australia, from the Canadian National Railway (CN) during World War II, for use on the Trans-Australian Railway.

The eight locomotives in the class had been built in 1907-1908 by Montreal Locomotive Works, Montreal, Quebec, for the Canadian Northern Railway. After passing into CN ownership in 1918, they became part of CN's H6c class. Despite being withdrawn by 1952 they were not scrapped right after instead remaining derelict until 1957.

Steam
Steam is water vapor, often mixed with air and/or an aerosol of liquid water droplets. This may occur by evaporation or by boiling, where heat is applied until water reaches the enthalpy of vaporization. Superheated or saturated steam is invisible; however, wet steam, a visible mist or aerosol of water droplets, is often referred to as  "steam".: 6

When liquid water becomes steam, it increases in volume by 1,700 times at standard temperature and pressure; this change in volume can be converted into mechanical work by steam engines such as reciprocating piston-type engines and steam turbines. Piston-type steam engines played a central role in the Industrial Revolution, and steam-based generation today produces 80 percent of the world's electricity. If liquid water comes into contact with a very hot surface or depressurizes quickly below its vapor pressure, it can create a steam explosion.
Givin' Me a Rush
"Givin' Me a Rush", also called "Give Me a Rush", is a song recorded by Tyra B. for her project Past Due, which was never released as an album. The song peaked at number 36 on Billboard magazine's Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs. It contains vocal interpolations of Michael Jackson's "Human Nature", and Paula Abdul's "Rush Rush".

The music video for the single premiered on December 5, 2007. As of September 2024, the music video on YouTube has over 7.5 Million views.

Rush Rush (Paula Abdul song)
"Rush Rush" is a song by American singer Paula Abdul, taken from her second studio album, Spellbound (1991). It was released on April 24, 1991, by Virgin Records as the lead single from the album. Written by Peter Lord and produced by Peter Lord and V. Jeffrey Smith (both members of the Family Stand), the song achieved success in the United States, where it topped the Billboard Hot 100, and became a worldwide hit.
Peugeot Type 190
The Peugeot Type 190 S  is a model of Peugeot produced between 1928 and 1931.

The Type 190 was launched in late 1928 and sold alongside the lightweight Peugeot 5CV (itself based on the Quadrilette), a best-seller of the 1920s, which it was intended to replace. The Type 190 was also a small vehicle, but more traditional compared to earlier models.  Its body was available in torpedo and spider configurations. The Type 190 carried over the small four-cylinder 695 cc engine from the 5CV, which developed 14 metric horsepower (10 kW) and could push the car to a maximum speed of 60 kilometres per hour (37 mph).
The type 190 was quite successful and a total of more than 33,000 vehicles were produced. In 1929, its intended successor, the Peugeot 201, was launched, though production of the Type 190 ran until 1931.

Torpedo (car)
The torpedo body style was a type of automobile body used from 1908 until the mid-1930s, which had a streamlined profile and a folding or detachable soft top. This design included a hood or bonnet line that was raised to align with the car's waistline, creating a straight beltline from front to back.

The name was introduced in 1908 when Captain Theo Masui, the London-based importer of French Gregoire cars, designed a streamlined body and called it "The Torpedo".

The Torpedo body style was usually fitted to four- or five-seat touring cars (cars without a fixed roof) with detachable or folding roof, and low side panels and doors. Torpedo cars did not have B pillars, so the only uprights present were those supporting the windshield.

Similar styles are phaeton and baquet.

The name is also used for trucks with a hood or bonnet.
Bigna Windmüller
Bigna Windmüller (born 27 February 1991) is a Swiss ski jumper with one FIS Ski Jumping World Cup podium as an individual. She is set to compete for Switzerland at the 2014 Winter Olympics in the premier of Ski jumping at the 2014 Winter Olympics – Women's normal hill individual. Ski jumper Sabrina Windmüller is her older sister and significant to her being in the sport.

Switzerland at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Switzerland competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, from 7 to 23 February 2014. 163 athletes were participating, making it the largest team Switzerland has ever sent to the Olympic Winter Games. The four-time Olympic gold medalist Simon Ammann was the flag bearer for the opening ceremony.
Korita na Krasu
Korita na Krasu (pronounced [kɔˈɾiːta na ˈkɾaːsu]) is a settlement west of Kostanjevica na Krasu in the Municipality of Miren-Kostanjevica in the Littoral region of Slovenia, close to the border with Italy.

Slovene Littoral
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

The Slovene Littoral, or simply Littoral (Slovene: Primorska, pronounced [pɾiˈmóːɾska] ⓘ; Italian: Litorale; German: Küstenland), is one of the traditional regions of Slovenia. The littoral in its name – for a coastal-adjacent area – recalls the former Austrian Littoral (Avstrijsko Primorje), the Habsburg possessions on the upper Adriatic coast, of which the Slovene Littoral was part. Today, the Littoral is often associated with the Slovenian ethnic territory that, in the first half of the 20th century, found itself in Italy to the west of the Rapallo Border, which separated a quarter of Slovenes from the rest of the nation, and was strongly influenced by Italian fascism.
Maxson (surname)
Maxson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alvin Maxson (1951–2022), American football player

Eileen Maxson (born 1980), American artist

Herbert B. Maxson (died 1927), American civil engineer

Louis Maxson (1855–1916), American archer

Orrin T. Maxson (1823–1895), American physician and Wisconsin pioneer

Robert Maxson, American academic

Stephen Maxson, American behavior geneticist

William Maxson (1930–2013), American Air Force officer

Stephen Maxson
Stephen Clark Maxson is an American behavior geneticist and professor emeritus of psychology at the University of Connecticut. He first joined the faculty of the University of Connecticut in 1969 as an assistant professor. He is known for his research on the link between aggression and the Y chromosome in mice, for which he received the Dobzhansky Award from the Behavior Genetics Association in 1998.
Tim Cavanagh
Tim Cavanagh (born July 1953) is an American comedic musician from Chicago.

Cavanagh has been featured on many nationally syndicated radio and television programs.  His parody of "99 Red Balloons" ("99 Dead Baboons") was the third most requested song on the Dr. Demento radio show in 1984.  He was a regular writer, guest, and contributor on The Danny Bonaduce Show, creating dozens of jingles and songs for use on the show.  Since 1997, he has had a regular segment on The Bob & Tom Show, heard every weekday morning in roughly 100 markets nationwide.  Cavanagh is also sometimes featured on local programs, including The Jim Krenn Show, a morning drive show in Pittsburgh.

Cavanagh's stand-up routines have been featured on television networks such as ABC, Showtime Network and Comedy Central.

99 Luftballons
"99 Luftballons" (German: Neunundneunzig Luftballons, "99 balloons") is a song by the West German band Nena from their 1983 self-titled album. An English-language version titled "99 Red Balloons" (German: Neunundneunzig Rote Luftballons), with lyrics by Kevin McAlea, was also released by Nena on the album 99 Luftballons in 1984 after widespread success of the original in Europe and Japan. The English version is not a direct translation of the German original and contains lyrics with a somewhat different meaning. In the US, the English-language version did not chart, while the German-language recording became Nena's only US hit on the Billboard Hot 100.
Yellow-shouldered amazon
The yellow-shouldered amazon (Amazona barbadensis), also known as the yellow-shouldered parrot, is a parrot of the genus Amazona that is found in the arid areas of northern Venezuela, the Venezuelan islands of Margarita and La Blanquilla, and the island of Bonaire (Caribbean Netherlands). It has been extirpated from and reintroduced to Aruba and introduced to Curaçao.

Local extinction
Local extinction, also extirpation, is the termination of a species (or other taxon) in a chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with global extinctions.

Local extinctions mark a change in the ecology of an area. It has sometimes been followed by a replacement of the species taken from other locations, such as with wolf reintroduction.
Heart of a Dog (1988 film)
Heart of a Dog (Russian: Собачье сердце, translit. Sobachye serdtse) is a black-and-white 1988 Soviet comedy-drama science fiction television film directed by Vladimir Bortko. It is based on Mikhail Bulgakov's novel Heart of a Dog.

Premiering show of the film aired on 20 November 1988 at 18:45 on the Central Television Programme One and aired on 1989 at 8:00 PM on the ABC. The film consisted of two episodes.

Programme One
Programme One (Russian: 1-я программа Центрального телевидения, romanized: Pervaya programma Tsentral'nogo televideniya) known also as CT-1 (Russian: ЦТ-1, romanized: TsT-1) was a television channel produced and transmitted by Soviet Central Television, the television broadcasting organization of the USSR. It had a mixed schedule of news and entertainment, with the emphasis on events in the USSR, and also included regional programming.
Connecticut Central Railroad
There have been two companies named the Connecticut Central Railroad:

Connecticut Central Railroad (1871), formed in 1871, which operated a line between East Hartford, Connecticut, and Springfield, Massachusetts

Connecticut Central Railroad (1987), formed in 1987, which operated a number of rail lines in and around Middletown, Connecticut

East Hartford, Connecticut
East Hartford is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 51,045 at the 2020 census. The town is located on the east bank of the Connecticut River, directly across from Hartford. It is home to aerospace manufacturer Pratt & Whitney. It is also home to Pratt & Whitney Stadium at Rentschler Field, a stadium used mainly for soccer and football with a capacity of 40,000 people.
Pachakutiq (Moquegua)
Pachakutiq (Quechua pacha time, space, kuti return, "return of time", "change of time", pacha kuti "great change or disturbance in the social or political order", -q a suffix, Pachakutiq an Inca emperor, Hispanicized spelling Pachacutec) is a mountain in the Andes of southern Peru, about 4,800 metres (15,748 ft) high. It is situated in the Moquegua Region, General Sánchez Cerro Province, on the border of the districts Ichuña, Lloque and Yunga. Pachakutiq lies southeast of the mountain Jichu Qullu.

Department of Moquegua
Moquegua (Spanish pronunciation: [moˈkeɣwa] ⓘ; Mukiwa (Aymara); Muqiwa (Quechua)) is a department of Peru. It is located in the country's south, extending from the coast to its highlands. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is the city of Moquegua, which is among the main Peruvian cities for its high rates of GDP and national education.
Chalai Lagoon
Chalai Lagoon is a lagoon in Mullaitivu District, north-east Sri Lanka. The town of Chalai is located on a sand bar between the lagoon and the Indian Ocean.

The lagoon is fed by a number of small rivers. It is linked to the sea by a narrow channel near Chalai. The lagoon's water is brackish.

The lagoon is surrounded by dense forest, scrubland and some rice paddies. The land is used for fishing and some salt production.

The lagoon has extensive sea grass beds and mangrove swamp. The lagoon attracts a wide variety of water birds including ducks, gulls, terns and other shorebirds.

Channel (geography)
In physical geography and hydrology, a channel is a landform on which a relatively narrow body of water is situated, such as a river, river delta or strait. While channel typically refers to a natural formation, the cognate term canal denotes a similar artificial structure.

Channels are important for the functionality of ports and other bodies of water used for navigability for shipping. Naturally, channels will change their depth and capacity due to erosion and deposition processes. Humans maintain navigable channels by dredging and other engineering processes.

By extension, the term also applies to fluids other than water, e.g., lava channels.
The term is also traditionally used to describe the waterless surface features on Venus.
Waveguide (optics)
An optical waveguide is a physical structure that guides electromagnetic waves in the optical spectrum. Common types of optical waveguides include optical fiber waveguides, transparent dielectric waveguides made of plastic and glass, liquid light guides, and liquid waveguides.

Optical waveguides are used as components in integrated optical circuits or as the transmission medium in local and long-haul optical communication systems. They can also be used in optical head-mounted displays in augmented reality.

Optical waveguides can be classified according to their geometry (planar, strip, or fiber waveguides), mode structure (single-mode, multi-mode), refractive index distribution (step or gradient index), and material (glass, polymer, semiconductor).

Optical see-through head-mounted display
An optical see-through head-mounted display (OST-HMD) is a wearable device that has the capability of reflecting projected images as well as allowing the user to see through it, in contrast to typical head-mounted displays, which still use optical components, but are not see-through, such as virtual reality headsets. In some cases, this may qualify as augmented reality (AR) technology. OHMD technology has existed since 1997 in various forms, but despite a number of attempts from industry, has yet to have had major commercial success.

Commercial optical see-through head-mounted displays include Google Glass and Microsoft HoloLens. Other devices include the NVIS nVisor ST, Vuzix M300, and Meta 2 from Meta.
Colonels Colony
Colonels Colony is an area in Jammu within the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, India. It is surrounded by Talab Tillo Road, Camp Road and Anand Nagar. The population is around 3,000. Most residents are Hindus—Dogra people and Kashmiri Pandits—along with a very small Muslim population along with Sikhs

There is one Hindu temple in the colony, Saraswati Temple, where all the Hindu gods are worshipped.

There is a good road system in the colony. It is connected with Hazuri Bagh in the south. A few nearby places are Akhnoor Road, Talab Tillo, Bohri, Udhayoala, Anand Nagar, Domana and Pounichak. The nearest landmark to the colony is the wine factory Dewan's Modern Breweries.

Kashmiri Pandits
The Kashmiri Pandits (also known as Kashmiri Brahmins) are a group of Kashmiri Hindus and a part of the larger Saraswat Brahmin community of India. They belong to the Pancha Gauda Brahmin group from the Kashmir Valley, located within the Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir.
Kashmiri Pandits are Hindu Kashmiris native to the Kashmir Valley, and the only remaining Hindu Kashmiris after the large-scale conversion of the Valley's population to Islam during medieval times. Prompted by the growth of Islamic militancy in the valley, large numbers left in the exodus of the 1990s. Even so, small numbers remain.
John Teeters
John Teeters (born May 14, 1993) is an American sprinter.  He is from Edmond, Oklahoma, United States where he ran for Edmond Memorial High School. Teeters ran for University of Tulsa and Oklahoma State University–Stillwater. He competed in the 2016 Olympic Trials, the NCAA Championships, and the Big 12 Championships. In the 2015 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships he earned a silver in the 60m dash. He was also the sixth best in the world in 60m in 2015. In the 2016 Olympic trials preliminaries, he ran a personal best 10.00s 100 meters. He has also run a wind aided 9.91 (+4.2) for 100 meters.  He now runs professionally for Under Armour.

2015 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships
The 2015 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships was the 51st NCAA Men's Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships and the 34th NCAA Women's Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships, held at the Randal Tyson Track Center in Fayetteville, Arkansas near the campus of the host school, the University of Arkansas. In total, thirty-two different men's and women's indoor track and field events were contested from March 13 to March 14, 2015.
Dragon Group
Dragon Group is a group of garment factories and other companies in Bangladesh. The group produces mainly for the international market and exports to more than 30 countries, especially the United States and Canada. Its subsidiary Dragon Sweater employs more than few thousand workers and in 2018 was the most traded stock on the Dhaka Stock Exchange.

Corporate group
A corporate group, company group or business group, also formally known as a group of companies, is a collection of parent and subsidiary corporations that function as a single economic entity through a common source of control. These types of groups are often managed by an account manager. The concept of a group is frequently used in tax law and accounting and (less frequently) company law to attribute the rights and duties of one member of the group to another or the whole. If the corporations are engaged in entirely different businesses, the group is called a conglomerate. The forming of corporate groups usually involves consolidation via mergers and acquisitions, although the group concept focuses on the instances in which the merged and acquired corporate entities remain in existence rather than the instances in which they are dissolved by the parent. The group may be owned by a holding company which may have no actual operations.