hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Zinc smelting
Zinc smelting is the process of converting zinc concentrates (ores that contain zinc) into pure zinc. Zinc smelting has historically been more difficult than the smelting of other metals, e.g. iron, because in contrast, zinc has a low boiling point.  At temperatures typically used for smelting metals, zinc is a gas that will escape from a furnace with the flue gas and be lost, unless specific measures are taken to prevent it.

The most common zinc concentrate processed is zinc sulfide, which is obtained by concentrating sphalerite via froth flotation. Secondary (recycled) zinc material, such as zinc oxide, is also processed with the zinc sulfide. Approximately 30% of all zinc produced is from recycled sources.

Zinc sulfide
Zinc sulfide (or zinc sulphide) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula of ZnS. This is the main form of zinc found in nature, where it mainly occurs as the mineral sphalerite. Although this mineral is usually black because of various impurities, the pure material is white, and it is widely used as a pigment. In its dense synthetic form, zinc sulfide can be transparent, and it is used as a window for visible optics and infrared optics.
Mastarihat Afamiyah
Mstriht Afamia (Arabic: مستريحة أفاميا)  is a Syrian village located in Qalaat al-Madiq Subdistrict in Al-Suqaylabiyah District, Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Mstriht Afamia had a population of 826 in the 2004 census.

Al-Suqaylabiyah District
35°22′11″N 36°22′48″E﻿ / ﻿35.369722°N 36.38°E﻿ / 35.369722; 36.38

Al-Suqaylabiyah District (Arabic: السقيلبية As Suqailabiya) is a district (mantiqah) administratively belonging to Hama Governorate, Syria. At the 2004 official census, the district had a population of 240,091. Its administrative centre is the city of al-Suqaylabiyah. The district includes most of al-Ghab plain. It is currently controlled by the Syrian transitional government.
Biron (surname)
Biron is a toponymic surname that is derived from either one of several places in France, or, as a variant spelling of Byron, from Byram, North Yorkshire. Notable people with the surname include:

Armand de Gontaut, baron de Biron (1524–1592), celebrated French soldier

Charles de Gontaut, duc de Biron (1562–1602), French marshal, son of Armand de Biron

Ernst Johann von Biron (1690–1772), Russian regent (1740), sovereign Duke of Courland (1737–40, 1763–69)

Gustav von Biron (1700–1746), brother of Ernst Johann, first active service commander of the Izmaylovsky Regiment (1734–1740)

Peter von Biron (1724–1800), sovereign Duke of Courland (1769–95), son of Ernst Johann von Biron

Armand Louis de Gontaut (1747–1793), known as Biron, soldier and politician

Henry Biron (1835–1915), English clergyman and cricketer

Martin Biron (born 1977), NHL goalie

Mathieu Biron (born 1980), ice hockey defenceman, brother of Martin Biron

Rodrigue Biron (1934–2025), Canadian politician

Mathieu Biron
Mathieu Biron (born April 29, 1980) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player who played over 250 games in the National Hockey League (NHL). After retiring as a hockey player, he became a firefighter.
Basile (noble family)
The Basile family, Basili, Bassil, or de Basilio is an ancient family of the Sicilian nobility, invested with the Baronia del Grano in 1473.

The family was ascribed to the nobility of Messina in the fifteenth century, subsequently dividing into the branches of Polizzi Generosa, Santa Lucia del Mela and Sant'Angelo di Brolo, places in which for several centuries it played an important part in the administrative, civil and ecclesiastical life.

In the 19th century, the family contributed to the process of national unification and, after the unification of Italy, produced several senators, deputies, mayors, high magistrates and university professors.

Giuseppe Basile
Giuseppe Basile (1 December 1886, San Filippo del Mela - 24 January 1977) was an Italian politician. He was elected member of the Chamber of Deputies in 1948. He represented the Monarchist National Party from 1948 to 1958 and the Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity from 1963 to 1968.
Cesanite
Cesanite is the end member of the apatite-wilkeite-ellestadite series that substitutes all of apatite's phosphate ions with sulfate ions and balances the difference in charge by replacing several calcium ions with sodium ions. Currently very few sites bearing cesanite have been found and are limited to a geothermal field in Cesano, Italy from which its name is derived, Măgurici Cave in Romania, and in the San Salvador Island caves in the Bahamas.

Sulfate
The sulfate or sulphate ion is a polyatomic anion with the empirical formula SO42−. Salts, acid derivatives, and peroxides of sulfate are widely used in industry. Sulfates occur widely in everyday life. Sulfates are salts of sulfuric acid and many are prepared from that acid.
Jim Shearer
Jim Shearer (born January 3, 1974) is a VJ and was host of the VH1 Top 20 Video Countdown and was the "music expert" on VH1's morning show Big Morning Buzz Live. Currently, Shearer is a host on Sirius XM's VOLUME channel.

Video jockey
A video jockey (abbreviated VJ or sometimes veejay) is an announcer or host who introduces music videos and live performances on commercial music television channels such as MTV, VH1, MuchMusic and Channel V.
Percy Everett
Sir Percy Winn Everett (22 April 1870  – 23 February 1952) was an English editor-in-chief for the publisher C. Arthur Pearson Limited and a Scouter who became The Boy Scouts Association's Deputy Chief Scout.

C. Arthur Pearson Ltd.
C. Arthur Pearson Ltd. was a British publisher of newspapers, periodicals, books, and comics that operated from 1890 to c. 1965. The company was founded by C. Arthur Pearson, later to be known as Sir Arthur Pearson, 1st Baronet.

Pearson was involved in the periodical business during its entire existence, known for publishing such titles as Pearson's Weekly, Home Notes, Pearson's Magazine, The Royal Magazine, London Opinion, and Men Only. The company was in the newspaper business from 1898 to 1916, most notably with the formation of the Daily Express. C. Arthur Pearson Ltd also published materials related to the British Boy Scout movement.

Initially an independent publisher, Pearson became an imprint of George Newnes Ltd around 1914. Newnes/Pearson was acquired by Odhams Press in 1960; all three companies became part of the International Publishing Company in 1961.
Patricia Lovell
Patricia Anna Lovell AM MBE (née Parr; 1929 – 26 January 2013) was an Australian film producer and actress who received the Raymond Longford Award in 2004 from the Australian Film Institute (AFI). Her productions include 1975's Picnic at Hanging Rock, and Gallipoli, which received an AFI Award in 1982 as Best Film.

Australian Film Institute
The Australian Film Institute (AFI) was founded in 1958 as a non-profit organisation devoted to developing an active film culture in Australia and fostering engagement between the general public and the Australian film industry. It is responsible for producing Australia's premier annual film and television awards, the AACTA Awards (previously the AFI Awards).
Erik Larsen (rower)
Erik Christian Larsen (20 February 1928 – 10 April 1952) was a Danish rower who competed in the 1948 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Herfølge, Køge Municipality and died in Ringsted, Region Sjælland. In 1948 he was a crew member of the Danish boat which won the bronze medal in the coxed four event. He won a gold medal in single scull at the 1950 European Rowing Championships in Milan.

Rowing at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Men's coxed four
The men's coxed four competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London took place at Henley-on-Thames, London. It was held from 5 to 9 August. There were 16 boats (80 competitors) from 16 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. The event was won by the United States, the nation's first victory in the men's coxed four. Switzerland earned silver, the nation's fifth medal in the event in six Games (having missed the podium only in 1932, when no Swiss team competed). Denmark took its first medal in the men's coxed four since 1912, with bronze.
Manuela Roka Botey
Manuela Roka Botey is an Equatorial Guinean politician who served as prime minister of Equatorial Guinea from 1 February 2023 to 17 August 2024. She is the first woman to fill this role. Her appointment to prime minister by President Teodoro Obiang Nguema was announced on January 31, 2023. She succeeded Francisco Pascual Obama Asue in the office. She had previously served as the minister for education in 2020. She is the vice dean of the National University of Equatorial Guinea's faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences.

Roka Botey was born in 1973 in Bariobé, Baney, Bioko Norte, on the island of Bioko.

Baney
Baney (also known as Santiago de Baney) is a town and municipality in Equatorial Guinea. It is located in Bioko Norte Province and has a population of 29,366 in 2015.
On July 16, 2005, an Antonov An-24 crashed at the city. All 60 people on board died.
Two Prosecutors
Two Prosecutors (German: Zwei Staatsanwälte) is a 2025 historical drama film written and directed by Sergei Loznitsa, based on the novella of the same name by Georgy Demidov. Starring Aleksandr Kuznetsov and Aleksandr Filippenko, the film follows a young Soviet prosecutor seeking justice for a political prisoner during Joseph Stalin's ongoing Great Purge.

The film had its world premiere in the main competition of the 78th Cannes Film Festival on 14 May 2025, where it won the François Chalais Prize. It will be theatrically released by Progress in Germany on 19 February 2026.

Bryansk
Bryansk (Russian: Брянск, IPA: [brʲansk] Audio file "Ru-Bryansk.wav" not found) is a city and the administrative center of Bryansk Oblast, Russia, situated on the Desna River, 379 kilometers (235 mi) southwest of Moscow. It has a population of 379,152 at the 2021 census.

Bryansk is one of the oldest cities in the oblast, with 985 regarded as the year of foundation. It was part of the Kievan Rus', Mongol Empire and Lithuania during the medieval period, then was contested by Moscow and Poland–Lithuania in the early modern period, before ultimately passing to Russia, within which it was a major regional trading center.
Sammy Voit
Samuel Voit (born c. 2005/2006) is an American actor and television personality. He began his career on Masterchef Junior, Chopped Junior and Food Network Star Kids as himself.  In 2018, he appeared in the film To Dust which won the Grand Jury Audience Award at the Tribeca Film Festival and was nominated in 2020 for Best Screenplay at the Independent Spirit Awards in Los Angeles. He currently stars as young Kevin Jonas in the Happiness Begins Tour and the film Happiness Continues.

MasterChef Junior (American TV series)
MasterChef Junior is an American cooking competition involving children from the ages of 8–13 that aired on Fox from September 27, 2013 to May 20, 2024. It is based on the format of the British series Junior MasterChef.

A ninth season was aired March–May 2024, with Gordon Ramsay, Aarón Sánchez, and Daphne Oz as returning judges, along with new judge Tilly Ramsay.
Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences
The Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the field of atmospheric science. It was established in 1965 as the Journal of the Korean Meteorological Society, obtaining its current title in 2008. It is published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the Korean Meteorological Society and the editor-in-chief is Chang-Hoi Ho (Seoul National University). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 2.100.

Seoul National University
Seoul National University (SNU; Korean: 서울대학교; lit. 'Seoul University') is a public research university in Seoul, South Korea. Founded in 1946 by the merger of ten institutions in the Seoul area, it is one of the SKY universities and a part of the Flagship Korean National Universities.

The university's main campus is located in Gwanak, and two additional campuses are located in Daehangno and Pyeongchang. The university comprises sixteen colleges, one graduate school and nine professional schools. The student body consists of nearly 16,000 undergraduate and 16,000 graduate students.
1. FC Bamberg
The 1. FC Bamberg was a German association football club from the town of Bamberg, Bavaria.

In 2006, the club merged with TSV Eintracht Bamberg to form 1. FC Eintracht Bamberg. 1. FC Eintracht went bankrupt in 2010 and a new club was formed, FC Eintracht Bamberg 2010.

1. FC had spent a number of seasons at top level in German football but, by the time of the merger, had fallen to an existence in the fifth and sixth division of German football. The new club briefly rose to tier-four Regionalliga Süd, dropped back to the Bayernliga before rising to the new Regionalliga Bayern again.

Regionalliga Bayern
The Regionalliga Bayern (English: Regional league Bavaria) is the highest association football league in the state of Bavaria (German: Bayern) and the Bavarian football league system. It is one of five Regionalligas in German football, the fourth tier of the German football league system, below the 3. Liga.

The league was established at the end of the 2011–12 season and replaced the Regionalliga Süd at this level in Bavaria.
Russell Mock
Russell 'Russ' Mock is an American judge who formerly served on the First District Court of Appeals for the State of Ohio. Judge Mock is serving his third term as the court's Presiding and Administrative Judge. The Court of Appeals is the second highest court in Ohio, second to the Supreme Court of Ohio. Prior to his election to the Court of Appeals, Mock served for a decade on the Hamilton County Municipal Court, where he served two terms as the presiding judge over the municipal court. Mock also volunteered to run the Hamilton County Housing Court. Judge Mock is a member of the Ohio State Bar Association, the Cincinnati Bar Association and the Ohio Judicial Conference where he serves on the Appellate Law & Procedure Committee.

City court
A city court or municipal court is a court of law with jurisdiction limited to a city or other municipality. It typically addresses "violations of city ordinances and may also have jurisdiction over minor criminal cases...and over certain civil cases." Examples include Moscow City Court in Russia, Municipal Court of Chicago and New York City Civil Court in the United States.
Franc Kramberger
Archbishop Franc Kramberger (born 7 October 1936) is a Slovenian Roman Catholic prelate who served as a bishop of the Diocese of Maribor from 6 November 1980 until 7 April 2006 and as an archbishop of the newly elevated Archdiocese of Maribor since 7 April 2006 until his resignation on 3 February 2011.

Maribor
Maribor (UK: /ˈmærɪbɔːr/ MARR-ib-or, US: /ˈmɑːr-/ MAR-, Slovene: [ˈmáːɾibɔɾ] ⓘ; also known by other historical names) is the second-largest city in Slovenia and the largest city of the traditional region of Lower Styria. It is the seat of the Urban Municipality of Maribor and the Drava Statistical Region. Maribor is also the economic, administrative, educational, and cultural centre of eastern Slovenia.

Maribor was first mentioned as a castle in 1164, as a settlement in 1209, and as a city in 1254. Like most Slovene ethnic territory, Maribor was under Habsburg rule until 1918, when Rudolf Maister and his men secured the city for the State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs, which then joined the Kingdom of Serbia to form the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. In 1991 Maribor became part of independent Slovenia.

Maribor, along with the Portuguese city of Guimarães, was selected as the European Capital of Culture for 2012.
Craig Bohl
Craig Philip Bohl (born July 27, 1958) is an American retired college football coach and former player. Prior to announcing his retirement from coaching at the conclusion of the 2023 football season, he was the head football coach at the University of Wyoming for 10 seasons. Before being hired in Laramie, he was the head coach at North Dakota State University in Fargo from 2003 to 2013, where he led the Bison to three consecutive NCAA Division I Football Championships in his final three seasons.

Fargo, North Dakota
Fargo is the most populous city in the U.S. state of North Dakota. The population was 125,990 at the 2020 census and estimated at 136,285 in 2024. Fargo and its twin city of Moorhead, Minnesota, form the core of the Fargo–Moorhead metropolitan area, which had a population of 248,591 in 2020. It is the county seat of Cass County.

Fargo was founded in 1871 on the Red River of the North floodplain. It is a cultural, retail, health care, educational, and industrial center for southeastern North Dakota and northwestern Minnesota. North Dakota State University is in the city.
Bob Burrow
Robert Brantley Burrow (June 29, 1934 – January 3, 2019) was an American basketball player.
The son of a lumberjack, Burrow was considered the nation's No. 1 junior college player in 1954  at Lon Morris, where he scored 2,191 points.

Lon Morris College
Lon Morris College (LMC) was a private junior college located in Jacksonville, Texas, United States, and was the only school affiliated with the United Methodist Church that was owned by an individual conference and not the denomination as a whole. Lon Morris was an accredited two-year institute of higher learning, which provided instruction in the arts and sciences with a core curriculum emphasizing liberal arts. While Lon Morris taught as many as 350 students in a semester, enrollment reached more than 1,000, a new record, in the fall of 2009. The school was 30 miles (48 km) south of Tyler. The person who last held the title of college president was Dr. Miles McCall; he resigned effective May 24, 2012.

Lon Morris College filed for bankruptcy on July 2, 2012. The 112-acre (45 ha) campus was auctioned on January 14, 2013, in Dallas, Texas; the primary purchasers were a local school district and an office supply company.
John Brooks Leavitt
John Brooks Leavitt (1849–1930) was a New York City attorney, author and reformer. As member of the "Good Government" movement, Leavitt crusaded against Tammany Hall municipal corruption, demanding in 1897 the indictment of United States Senator Thomas C. Platt on charges of extorting bribes from the New York Life Insurance Company in return for favors to the insurance giant. "We have positive evidence, which as soon as New York has an honest District Attorney," Leavitt told a crowd of 2,000 gathered at Long Acre Square on Broadway, "will be laid before him, and we then shall be able to obtain an indictment and send the arch-boss to the jail which yawns for him."

New York Life Insurance Company
New York Life Insurance Company (NYLIC), most commonly known as New York Life, is the second-largest life insurance company and the largest mutual life insurance company in the United States,  and is ranked #69 on the 2025 Fortune 500 list of the largest U.S. corporations by total revenue. In 2025, NYLIC achieved the best possible ratings by the four independent rating companies (Standard & Poor's, AM Best, Moody's and Fitch Ratings). Other New York Life affiliates provide an array of securities products and services, as well as institutional and retail mutual funds.
Wolf River, Wisconsin
Wolf River, Wisconsin can refer to:

Places

Wolf River, Langlade County, Wisconsin

Wolf River, Winnebago County, Wisconsin

Rivers

Wolf River (Fox River), a tributary of the Fox River emptying into Lake Butte des Morts

Wolf River (Eau Claire River), a tributary of the North Fork Eau Claire River.

Wolf River, Langlade County, Wisconsin
Wolf River is a town in Langlade County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 731 at the 2010 census, down from 856 at the 2000 census. The unincorporated communities of Hollister, Langlade, and Markton and the ghost town of Van Ostrand are in the town. The village of White Lake, a separate municipality, is surrounded by the town. The township is served by the Wolf River Volunteer Fire Department.
Nawabshah
Nawabshah is a city and also the headquarter of Nawabshah Tehsil in Shaheed Benazirabad District of Sindh province, Pakistan. This city is situated in the middle of Sindh province. It is the 27th most populous city in Pakistan. Nawabshah is called the heart of Sindh Province.

2023 Pakistani census
The 2023 Census of Pakistan was the seventh national census and detailed enumeration of the Pakistani population. It was conducted by the Pakistan Bureau of Statistics. It was also the first ever digital census to be held in Pakistan, and the first in South Asian history. It is the most recent census in Pakistan.

The census was initially held from 1 March 2023 to 1 April 2023. However, enumeration was later extended several times until 30 May 2023, because of incomplete enumeration in large cities such as Karachi, Lahore, and Faisalabad, where people are more mobile and therefore harder to count, and in remote and rural Balochistan. The extension was also used by PBS officials and census takers for quality reviews, to check if all households and people were properly counted in each area. The 2023 census recorded a total population throughout the country of 241,499,431 (excluding Gilgit-Baltistan and Azad Kashmir).
Shinnan-yō Station
Shinnan-yō Station (新南陽駅, Shinnan-yō-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the city of   Shūnan, Yamaguchi Prefecture,  Japan. It is operated by the West Japan Railway Company (JR West). It is also the location of a freight depot operated by the Japan Freight Railway Company (JR Freight).

Japan Freight Railway Company
Japan Freight Railway Company (日本貨物鉄道株式会社, Nippon Kamotsu Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha), or JR Freight (JR貨物, Jeiāru Kamotsu), is one of the seven constituent companies of Japan Railways Group (JR Group). It provides transportation of cargo nationwide throughout Japan. Its headquarters are in Shibuya, Tokyo near Shinjuku Station.

The Japan Railways Group was founded on 1 April 1987, when Japanese National Railways (JNR) was privatized. Japanese National Railways was divided into six regional passenger rail companies and a single freight railway company, Japan Freight Railway Company.

The company has only about 50 kilometers (31 mi) of track of its own, and therefore operates on track owned by the six JR passenger railways as well as other companies which provide rail transport in Japan.
Shobe-Morrison House
Shobe-Morrison House is a historic home located near Morrison, Gasconade County, Missouri. The original section was built between about 1828 and 1830, with an addition made about 1840. It is a two-story, log I-house with a weatherboard exterior and Federal style woodwork.  Also on the property is the contributing old slave quarters.: 2–3

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.

Gasconade County, Missouri
Gasconade County is a county located in the east-central portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 14,794. The county was organized on 25 November 1820 and the county seat has been Hermann since 1842. The county was named after the Gasconade River.

The county is located on the south side of the Missouri River, which once served as the chief route of transportation in the state. It is located in the area known as the Missouri Rhineland. Because of its distinctive conditions, the Hermann area was designated an American Viticultural Area (AVA) in 1983. The southern part of the county is within the larger Ozark Highlands AVA, established in 1987.