hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ralph Williams (athlete)
Ralph Williams (August 7, 1900 – July 6, 1941) was an American long-distance runner. He competed in the marathon at the 1924 Summer Olympics.  He made it on the US Olympic Team after finishing 7th in the Boston Marathon on April 19, 1924, with a time of 2:41:58.6.  The Boston Marathon was later measured and found to be 152 meters short.

Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Men's marathon
The men's marathon event was part of the track and field athletics programme at the 1924 Summer Olympics, in Paris, France. The marathon was held on Sunday, July 13, 1924. It was only the second Olympic marathon to use the distance of 42.195 km (26 miles, 385 yards) which was first used in 1908 and is now the standard marathon distance. Fifty-eight runners from 20 nations competed, with no more than 6 runners per nation. The event was won by Albin Stenroos of Finland, the nation's second consecutive Olympic marathon victory.
Tourism in Tripura
Tripura is a state located in North-East India and the third smallest state in India by size. Tripura is widely regarded as a beautiful destination, appreciated for its picturesque landscape and delightful climate. The tourism in Tripura is maintained by TTDCL, a state government owned enterprise.

Tripura shares its border with Assam and Mizoram. It also a border with Bangladesh.

Currently Sourav Ganguly former captain of the Indian Cricket Team serves as the brand ambassador of Tripura Tourism.

Ujjayanta Palace
Ujjayanta Palace is the state museum of the Indian state of Tripura and former royal palace of the princely state of Tripura. It was built by Maharaja Radha Kishore Manikya in 1901. It housed the State Legislative Assembly between 1973 and 2011. The palace primarily showcases the lifestyle, arts, culture, tradition and crafts of communities residing in northeast India, along with many stone sculptures of the Manikya dynasty.
Adam Crosby (MP)
Adam Crosby (died  by 1399), of Appleby-in-Westmorland, was an English lawyer and Member of Parliament (MP).

He was a Member of the Parliament of England for Appleby in January 1377, 1381, May 1382, 1385 and February 1388.

Appleby (UK Parliament constituency)
Appleby was a parliamentary constituency in the county of Westmorland in England. It existed for two separate periods: from 1295 to 1832, and from 1885 to 1918.

Appleby was enfranchised as parliamentary borough in 1295, and abolished by the Great Reform Act 1832. It returned two Members of Parliament (MPs) using the bloc vote system. It was represented in the House of Commons of England until the Acts of Union 1707, in the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and finally in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832. Its best-known MP was William Pitt the Younger who became prime minister in 1783 at the age of 24.

For the 1885 general election the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 created a county constituency of the same name, which returned a single MP elected by the first-past-the-post system. The county constituency was abolished at the 1918 general election.
William F. Jahn Farmstead
The William F. Jahn Farmstead is located in Mequon, Wisconsin, United States.  The farmstead includes a farmhouse, two barns, a summer kitchen, and two outbuildings.  While the farmstead is not longer used for agriculture, portions have been converted to facilitate bed and breakfast lodging.

Homestead (building)
A homestead is an isolated dwelling, especially a farmhouse, and adjacent outbuildings, typically on a large agricultural holding such as a ranch or station.

In North America the word "homestead" historically referred to land claimed by a settler or squatter under the Homestead Acts (United States) or the Dominion Lands Act (Canada). In Old English, the term was used to mean a human settlement, and in Southern Africa the term is used for a cluster of several houses normally occupied by a single extended family.

In Australia, it refers to the owner's house and the associated outbuildings of a pastoral property, known as a station. Some large and historic homesteads, especially those that resemble a mansion with large tracts of farmland, are often called "estates", and can be analogous to the English country house, châteaux, or a schloss, but are much younger and modest compared to their European counterparts. Examples include Booloominbah and Iandra Castle.
Hopelessly Devoted: The Hits
Hopelessly Devoted: The Hits is an Australian-only greatest hits album by English-Australian singer Olivia Newton-John, released on 8 June 2018 by Sony Music Australia, following the premiere of the Australian miniseries based on her life, Olivia Newton-John: Hopelessly Devoted to You, starring Delta Goodrem. The album debuted at number 14 on the ARIA Charts.

The album re-entered the charts and peaked at number 5 in August 2022, following Newton-John’s death.

Olivia Newton-John: Hopelessly Devoted to You
Olivia Newton-John: Hopelessly Devoted to You is an Australian miniseries based on the Australian singer/songwriter and actress Olivia Newton-John. The miniseries premiered on 13 May 2018 and concluded on 20 May 2018 on the Seven Network.
Lawrence Blair (bishop)
Christianity portal

Laurence Frederick Devaynes Blair (1868–1925)  was an Anglican priest: a missionary bishop in South America in the first half of the twentieth century.

He was educated at Pembroke College, Cambridge  and  ordained in 1892. He was  Curate of Portman Chapel from 1892 to 1895 when he became Rector of  Chedgrave.
He was Chaplain at Bellary then an  Army Chaplain. He was with the  Church Parochial Mission Society, from 1906 to 1910 when he became Bishop of the Falkland Islands.

Missionary bishop
A missionary bishop is one assigned in the Anglican Communion to an area that is not already organized under a bishop of a church. The term was also used in the Methodist churches at one time, but this was discontinued in 1964.
Perpetual Income & Growth Investment Trust
Perpetual Income & Growth Investment Trust (LSE: PLI) was a large British investment trust dedicated to investments in UK equities. Established in 1996, the company was a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index. The chairman was Richard Laing. The fund was managed by Invesco Perpetual. Murray Income Trust absorbed 80% of its assets in November 2020. The other 20% was distributed to shareholders.

Invesco Perpetual
Invesco (UK) Limited, formerly Invesco Perpetual, based in Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire, is a large investment management business operating in the United Kingdom. Invesco (UK) Limited forms part of Invesco, an investment manager listed on the New York Stock Exchange.
2015 WCHA men's ice hockey tournament
The 2015 WCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 56th conference playoff in league history and 61st season where a WCHA champion was crowned. The 2014 tournament was played between March 13 and March 21, 2015, at four conference arenas and the Xcel Energy Center in St. Paul, Minnesota. By winning the tournament, Minnesota State was awarded the Broadmoor Trophy and received the WCHA's automatic bid to the 2015 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.

2014–15 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season
The 2014–15 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season began in October 2014 and ended with the 2015 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament's championship game in April 2015. This was the 68th season in which an NCAA ice hockey championship was held, and the 121st year overall in which an NCAA school fielded a team.
Sollentuna Hundred
Sollentuna Hundred (Swedish: Sollentuna härad) was a hundred of Uppland in Sweden. It encompassed the present-day municipalities of Järfälla, Sollentuna, and Sundbyberg as well as parts of Upplands Väsby Municipality (Eds socken) and Stockholm (Bromma and Spånga socken). All are now part of Stockholm County. The hundred had three köpingar—Sollentuna Köping, Sundbybergs Köping, and Hässelby Villastads Köping—and a number of municipalsamhällen. Most of the hundred is now part of the urban area of Stockholm, but the larger part of in the remainder is in Upplands Väsby. The total area was around 197 km2 and the population in 1916 was 20,727 people.

Stockholm urban area
The Stockholm urban area (Swedish: Stockholms tätort) is the largest and most populous of the statistical localities or urban areas in Sweden. It has no administrative function of its own, but constitutes a continuous built-up area, which extends into 11 municipalities in Stockholm County. It contains the municipal seats of 10 of those. As of 31 December 2019, the population in the Stockholm urban area was 1,593,426 inhabitants, the area 381.63 km2 (147.35 sq mi), and the population density 4,175 inhabitants/km2. Stockholm urban area is not the same as Metropolitan Stockholm (Storstockholm), which is a much larger area.

In 2019, the population of the urban area and the municipalities into which it extends, broken down per municipality was the following:
Luca Salsi
Luca Salsi (born 19 March 1975) is an Italian operatic baritone, who is known for portraying characters in Giuseppe Verdi's operas at leading opera houses internationally. He was recognised by the international press in April 2015 when he not only stepped in on short notice at the Metropolitan Opera in an afternoon performance of Verdi's Ernani, but also performed the same evening in Donizetti's Lucia di Lammermoor as planned. Salsi opened four seasons at La Scala in Milan.

Rigoletto
Rigoletto is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi. The Italian libretto was written by Francesco Maria Piave based on the 1832 play Le roi s'amuse by Victor Hugo. Despite serious initial problems with the Austrian censors who had control over northern Italian theatres at the time, the opera had a triumphant premiere at La Fenice in Venice on 11 March 1851.

The work, Verdi's sixteenth in the genre, is widely considered to be the first of the operatic masterpieces of Verdi's middle-to-late career. Its tragic story revolves around the licentious Duke of Mantua, his hunch-backed court jester Rigoletto, and Rigoletto's daughter Gilda. The opera's original title, La maledizione (The Curse), refers to a curse placed on both the Duke and Rigoletto by the Count Monterone, whose daughter the Duke has seduced with Rigoletto's encouragement. The curse comes to fruition when Gilda falls in love with the Duke and sacrifices her life to save him from the assassin hired by her father.
RBU-12000
The RBU-12000 Udav-1 is a Soviet ship-borne anti-submarine weapon system. The weapon fires a number of different types of rockets, which in addition to attacking submarines provide a multi-layer defense against torpedoes and frogmen. The system operates in conjunction with the ship's sonar.

The system consists of:

A KT-153 remotely controlled multi-barrel automated rocket launcher with indirect elevation/traverse stabilization;

111SG depth-charge rockets with HE warhead and impact-time fuse to engage underwater targets;

111SZ mine-laying rockets with hydro-acoustic proximity fuze for remote mining of a water area to make a barrier for incoming torpedoes;

111SO decoy rockets to divert homing torpedoes from the surface ship by creating false acoustic target;

fire control devices;

an ammunition loading device;

ground support equipment.

Sonar decoy
A sonar decoy is a device for decoying sonar. One may be released from a submarine or a surface vessel. A decoy acts as false targets for human operators or sonar-homing weapons such as acoustic torpedoes. Many count as a type of torpedo defence.
Rock Fountain Court Historic District
Rock Fountain Court Historic District, also known as Melinda Court, is a historic traveler's accommodation and national historic district located at Springfield, Greene County, Missouri. The district encompasses 10 contributing buildings and 1 contributing structure associated with a tourist court. The district developed between about 1945 and 1952, and includes 9 tourist cabins and a large frame garage. The cabins are of frame construction and faced in masonry ranging from all dark sandstone, to white limestone accented with red brick.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2003.

Greene County, Missouri
Greene County is located in the southwest part of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, its population was 298,915. making it the fourth most-populous county in Missouri and the most populous outside the Kansas City or Saint Louis metropolitan areas.

Its county seat and most-populous city is Springfield. The county was organized in 1833 and is named after American Revolutionary War General Nathanael Greene. Greene County is included in the Springfield metropolitan area. It is in the area of the Ozark Mountains and foothills.
Ohio State Route 575
State Route 575 (SR 575) is a 2.60-mile-long (4.18 km) north–south state highway located in the northern portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. The route is located entirely within the western half of Kelleys Island, one of the Lake Erie Islands. The highway runs from its southern terminus at the Neumans Ferry Dock at the south end of the island to its northern terminus at a T-intersection with Division Street in the northern part of the island. This highway, along with SR 357 on South Bass Island, is isolated from the rest of Ohio, and all other Ohio state highways. The route was created in 1937 and has not changed since.

Erie County, Ohio
Erie County is a county in the northern portion of the U.S. state of Ohio. As of the 2020 census, the population was 75,622. Its county seat and largest city is Sandusky. The county is named for the Erie tribe, whose name was their word for "wildcat". It was formed in 1838 from the northern third of Huron County and a portion of Sandusky County.

Erie County is included in the Sandusky, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Cleveland-Akron-Canton, OH Combined Statistical Area.
The Annotated Alice
The Annotated Alice is a 1960 book by Martin Gardner incorporating the text of Lewis Carroll's major tales, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865) and Through the Looking-Glass (1871), as well as the original illustrations by John Tenniel. It has extensive annotations explaining the contemporary references (including the Victorian poems that Carroll parodies), mathematical concepts, word play, and Victorian traditions (such as the parlor game snap-dragon) featured in the two books.

Wordplay
Wordplay (also: play-on-words) is a literary technique and a form of wit in which words used become the main subject of the work, primarily for the purpose of intended effect or amusement. Examples of wordplay include puns, phonetic mix-ups such as spoonerisms, obscure words and meanings, clever rhetorical excursions, oddly formed sentences, double entendres, and telling character names (such as in the play The Importance of Being Earnest, Ernest being a given name that sounds exactly like the adjective earnest).

Wordplay is quite common in oral cultures as a method of reinforcing meaning. Examples of text-based (orthographic) wordplay are found in languages with or without alphabet-based scripts, such as homophonic puns in Mandarin Chinese.
I Love Rocky Road
"I Love Rocky Road" is a song by "Weird Al" Yankovic about a man's obsession with rocky road ice cream. It is a parody of the Arrows' 1975 song, "I Love Rock 'n' Roll", originally sung and written by Alan Merrill, in the style of Joan Jett and the Blackhearts.

Arrows (British band)
The Arrows  were an English rock band based in London, England. The group, which formed in 1974 and disbanded in 1977, included 3 members: American singer/bassist Alan Merrill, American guitarist Jake Hooker and English drummer Paul Varley (who had replaced Clive Williams relatively early in the band's history). They had a charting hit singles in 1974 and 1975 with "Touch Too Much" and "My Last Night with You", produced by Mickie Most on RAK Records. They recorded the original version of Merrill's song "I Love Rock 'n' Roll", later covered by Joan Jett & the Blackhearts.
Nina Kessler
Nina Kessler (born 4 July 1988) is a Dutch racing cyclist, who currently rides for UCI Women's Continental Team EF Education–Oatly. She competed in the 2013 UCI women's team time trial in Florence. At the 2015 Dutch National Track Championships she became Dutch champion in the women's Madison together with Kirsten Wild. She won the points classification at the 2016 La Course by Le Tour de France.

UCI Women's Team
A UCI Women's Team is a women's road bicycle team sanctioned by the International Cycling Union (UCI). These teams compete in the major women's bicycle races, including the UCI Women's World Tour. The country designation of each team is determined by the country of registration of most of its riders and is not necessarily the country where the team is registered or based.
Rivière des Caps
The rivière des Caps (in English: Capes River) is a tributary of the southern coast of the St. Lawrence River where it flows in front of the Les Pèlerins islands, in Saint-André-de-Kamouraska. This river flows in the municipalities of Notre-Dame-du-Portage, Saint-Alexandre-de-Kamouraska and Saint-André-de-Kamouraska, in the Kamouraska Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Bas-Saint-Laurent, in province of Quebec, in Canada.

Kamouraska Regional County Municipality
Kamouraska (French pronunciation: [kamuʁaska] ⓘ) is a regional county municipality in eastern Quebec, Canada. The regional county municipality seat is Saint-Pascal, but the largest town is La Pocatière.

The area is an important research, development and education centre for agriculture. Factories in the region produce metal products and public transportation equipment. One of the people instrumental in settling and developing this area was Pascal Taché, an early seigneur.

The name "Kamouraska" comes from an Algonquin word meaning "where rushes grow at the water's edge".
Journal of Biology
The Journal of Biology was a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by BioMed Central. It was established in 2002 with the aim to provide an  alternative to biology journals with high-impact factor such as Nature, Science, and Cell. Because of stringent selection criteria, it published only a few research articles per year, only four in 2007, for example, with the rest being comment and short review articles. The research articles were published as open access and many of these research articles were highly cited.

The journal was never indexed by the Science Citation Index and therefore didn't get an official impact factor. According to an unofficial calculation in 2007, it reached an impact factor of 20.1. The journal was discontinued in April 2010 and merged with the existing journal BMC Biology.

BioMed Central
BioMed Central (BMC) is a United Kingdom-based, for-profit scientific open access publisher that produces over 250 scientific journals. All its journals are published online only. BioMed Central describes itself as the first and largest open access science publisher. It was founded in 2000 and has been owned by Springer, now Springer Nature, since 2008.
Bill Bishop (author)
William Allen Bishop (born 1953) is an American author, journalist and social commentator. He co-wrote a book with retired college professor Robert Cushing entitled The Big Sort: Why the Clustering of Like-Minded America Is Tearing Us Apart. His ideas have influenced the speeches of former U.S. President Bill Clinton.

Bishop was born in Louisville, Kentucky.

He is the co-founder and contributing editor of the Daily Yonder, a blog about rural issues in the United States. Bishop has worked for several newspapers: the Austin American-Statesman, Lexington Herald-Leader, and The Mountain Eagle. He has a degree from Duke University. His wife, Julie Ardery, is also a co-founder and contributing editor of the Daily Yonder. The couple previously owned a newspaper: the Bastrop County Times. They currently live in La Grange, Texas.

The Mountain Eagle (newspaper)
The Mountain Eagle is a local weekly newspaper published in Whitesburg, Kentucky. It is the main newspaper of Letcher County, Kentucky and one of the primary newspapers of the Eastern Kentucky Coalfield.

It was published by Thomas E. Gish until his death in November 2008, and edited by his son, Benjamin T. Gish.
Oglakhty
Oglahty (Russian: Оглахты, Khakas: Оғлахтығ, romanized: Oğlaxtığ) is a mountain range and a burial complex of Tashtyk culture located 60 km north of Minusinsk, Khakassia, Russia, on the right bank of Yenisei River. Oglahty burials are dated to the 1st century BC. The burials were first surveyed in 1903 by A.V. Adrianov. The dryness of the soil and favorable climatic conditions in the burial monument preserved perishable materials including wood, leather, fur, and fabrics. A prominent place among artifacts in the Oglahty complex occupy solid and decorated polychromatic fabrics. They are preserved in the Hermitage Museum of Saint Petersburg.

Khakas language
Khakas, also known as Xakas, is a Turkic language spoken by the Khakas, who mainly live in the southwestern Siberian Republic of Khakassia, in Russia. The Khakas number 61,000, of whom 29,000 speak the Khakas language. Most Khakas speakers are bilingual in Russian.
Volute
A volute is a spiral, scroll-like ornament that forms the basis of the Ionic order, found in the capital of the Ionic column. It was later incorporated into Corinthian order and Composite column capitals. Four are normally to be found on an Ionic capital, eight on Composite capitals and smaller versions (sometimes called helix) on the Corinthian capital.

The word derives from the Latin voluta ("scroll"). It has been suggested that the ornament was inspired by the curve of a ram's horns, or perhaps was derived from the natural spiral found in the ovule of a common species of clover native to Greece. Alternatively, it may simply be of geometrical origin.

The ornament can be seen in Renaissance and Baroque architecture and is a common decoration in furniture design, silverware and ceramics. A method of drawing the complex geometry was devised by the ancient Roman architect Vitruvius through the study of classical buildings and structures.

Ovule
In seed plants, the ovule is the structure that gives rise to and contains the female reproductive cells. It consists of three parts: the integument, forming its outer layer, the nucellus (or remnant of the megasporangium), and the female gametophyte (formed from a haploid megaspore) in its center. The female gametophyte — specifically termed a megagametophyte — is also called the embryo sac in angiosperms. The megagametophyte produces an egg cell for the purpose of fertilization. The ovule is a small structure present in the ovary. It is attached to the placenta by a stalk called a funicle. The funicle provides nourishment to the ovule. On the basis of the relative position of micropyle, body of the ovule, chalaza and funicle, there are six types of ovules.
Saint Louis University Basic Education School
Saint Louis University Basic Education School is the unification of the basic education school units of Saint Louis University, a private, Roman Catholic, CICM university located in Baguio City, Philippines. The high school department was originally located at the Gonzaga campus but has since been moved to the Navy Base campus since early 2000s. On the other hand, the elementary department is located at the Gonzaga Campus on General Luna Road.

Boy Scouts of the Philippines
The Boy Scouts of the Philippines (BSP) is the national scouting organization of the Philippines in the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM). The Boy Scouts of the Philippines is currently the 2nd largest scouting organization in the world with 3,344,799 members as of 2023.

The Scout movement was first introduced in the Philippines in 1910 during the American occupation period. The BSP was later recognized as a Member Organization of the Boy Scouts International Conference on October 31, 1936.