hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Eigil Gullvåg
Eigil Gullvåg (27 February 1921 – 1991) was a Norwegian newspaper editor and politician for the Labour Party.

He was born in Trondheim. He was hired as a journalist in Arbeider-Avisa in 1945, and was editor-in-chief from 1958 to 1983. When stepping down as editor-in-chief, he was decorated with the HM The King's Medal of Merit. He continued working in the newspaper until reaching the retirement age. He was also a member of the board of the Norwegian Press Association and Association of Norwegian Editors.

Gullvåg was also active in the Norwegian Labour Party. He was a member of its national board from 1961 to 1969, and represented the party in Trondheim city council for five terms; from 1970 to 1971 he served as deputy mayor, and from 1964 to 1980 he was a member of the city council executive committee. From 1976 to 1983 he was also a member of Sør-Trøndelag county council. At the time of his death in November 1991, he had recently been re-elected for a sixth term.

Association of Norwegian Editors
The Association of Norwegian Editors (Norwegian: Norsk Redaktørforening, NR) is a Norwegian interest group for editors and middle managers in the news media. It is a member of the Norwegian Press Association.

The association was established in 1950 and has approximately 760 members. It is intended to "safeguard the professional interests and editorial independence of its members, ensure freedom of expression, public access to government documents, protection of sources, develop journalistic skills and defend press ethics and self-regulation".
Punchbowl News
Punchbowl News is an online political news daily in Washington, D.C., which debuted on January 3, 2021 as "a membership-based news community", focused on the individuals "who power the US legislature". It aims to be non-partisan and non-judgemental, focusing on scoops and facts about Congress and the Washington power establishment, particularly core power players.

The initial products from Punchbowl included a free weekday-morning newsletter. Premium subscribers (annual subscription: $300) also received afternoon and evening editions, and access to question-and-answer sessions with the authors, online via Zoom, and a Sunday conversation. The team launched a podcast with Cadence13 in early February 2021, and by early April 2021, it was available as The Daily Punch on Apple Podcasts Preview. Conference calls and virtual events are also to be provided to subscribers.

Zoom (software)
Zoom Workplace (commonly known and stylized as  zoom) is a proprietary videotelephony software program developed by Zoom Communications. The free plan allows up to 100 concurrent participants, with a 40-minute time restriction. Users have the option to upgrade by subscribing to a paid plan, the highest of which supports up to 1,000 concurrent participants for meetings lasting up to 30 hours.
Columbaria of Vigna Codini
Three extensive underground collective burial columbaria were discovered at Vigna Codini in the mid-nineteenth century, near the Aurelian Walls between the via Appia and via Latina in Rome, Italy. Although this area on the outskirts of Rome was traditionally used for elite burials, these columbaria that emerged in the Augustan era seem to have been reserved for non-aristocratic individuals, including former slaves. Not to be confused with the later phenomenon of catacomb inhumations, these subterranean chambers contained niches for cremation urns. The columbaria at Vigna Codini are among some of the largest in Rome.

Catacombs
Catacombs are man-made underground passages primarily used for religious purposes, particularly for burial. Any chamber used as a burial place is considered a catacomb, although the word is most commonly associated with the Roman Empire.
Governorate of New Toledo
The Governorate of New Toledo was a Spanish Governorate of the Crown of Castile formed from the previous southern half of the Inca Empire, stretching south into present day central Chile, and east into present day central Brazil.

It was established by King Charles I of Spain in 1528. Diego de Almagro was the appointed Spanish royal governor after the failure of Simón de Alcazaba y Sotomayor to establish himself in the area after the Capitulation of Toledo of 1529.

It was replaced by the Spanish Viceroyalty of Peru in 1542.

Diego de Almagro
Diego de Almagro (Spanish: [ˈdjeɣo ðe alˈmaɣɾo]; c. 1475 –  July 8, 1538), also known as El Adelantado and El Viejo, was a Spanish conquistador known for his exploits in western South America. He participated with Francisco Pizarro in the Spanish conquest of Peru. While subduing the Inca Empire he laid the foundation for Quito and Trujillo as Spanish cities in present-day Ecuador and Peru, respectively. From Peru, Almagro led the first Spanish military expedition to central Chile. Back in Peru, a longstanding conflict with Pizarro over the control of the former Inca capital of Cuzco erupted into a civil war between the two bands of conquistadores. In the battle of Las Salinas in 1538, Almagro was defeated by the Pizarro brothers and months later he was executed.
Manchester Statistical Society
The Manchester Statistical Society is a learned society founded in 1833 in Manchester, England. It has a distinguished history, having played an important part in researching economic and social conditions using social surveys. It continues to be active as a forum for the discussion of social and economic issues and also in promoting research.

British Science Association
The British Science Association (BSA) is a charity and learned society founded in 1831 to aid in the promotion and development of science. Until 2009 it was known as the British Association for the Advancement of Science (BA). The current Chief Executive is Hannah Russell. The BSA's mission is to get more people engaged in the field of science by coordinating, delivering, and overseeing different projects that are suited to achieve these goals. The BSA "envisions a society in which a diverse group of people can learn and apply the sciences in which they learn." and is managed by a professional staff located at their Head Office in the Wellcome Wolfson Building. The BSA offers a wide variety of activities and events that both recognise and encourage people to be involved in science. These include the British Science Festival, British Science Week, the CREST Awards, For Thought, The Ideas Fund, along with regional and local events.
Mannoheptulose
Mannoheptulose is a heptose, a monosaccharide with seven carbon atoms, and a ketose, with the characteristic carbonyl group of the carbohydrate present on a secondary carbon (functioning as a ketone group). The sugar alcohol form of mannoheptulose is known as perseitol.

Sugar alcohol
Sugar alcohols (also called polyhydric alcohols, polyalcohols, alditols or glycitols) are organic compounds, typically derived from sugars, containing one hydroxyl group (−OH) attached to each carbon atom. They are white, water-soluble solids that can occur naturally or be produced industrially by hydrogenating sugars. Since they contain multiple (−OH) groups, they are classified as polyols.

Sugar alcohols are used widely in the food industry as thickeners and sweeteners. In commercial foodstuffs, sugar alcohols are commonly used in place of table sugar (sucrose), often in combination with high-intensity artificial sweeteners, in order to offset their low sweetness. Xylitol and sorbitol are popular sugar alcohols in commercial foods.

Sugar alcohols are synthesised by most microorganisms and plants, with roles in maintaining cellular water balance and responding to stresses, such as water deficiency or low temperature.
Bill Cartwright
James William Cartwright (born July 30, 1957) is an American former professional basketball player and a former coach. A 7-foot-1-inch (2.16 m) center, he played 16 seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the New York Knicks, Chicago Bulls and Seattle SuperSonics, helping the Bulls capture consecutive championships in the 1991, 1992 and 1993 seasons. He attended Elk Grove High School in Elk Grove, California, and played college basketball for the San Francisco Dons. Following his playing career, he served as the head coach of the Chicago Bulls, the Osaka Evessa of the bj League and the Mexico men's national basketball team as well as an assistant coach for several years in the NBA.

1987–88 NBA season
The 1987–88 NBA season was the 42nd season of the National Basketball Association. The season ended with the Los Angeles Lakers winning their second straight Championship, beating the Detroit Pistons in seven hard-fought games in the NBA Finals, becoming the NBA's first repeat champions since the Boston Celtics did it in the 1968–69 NBA season.
Suncatcher
A suncatcher or light catcher is a small reflective, refractive, and/or iridescent ornament. It may include glass or nacre pieces and be hung indoors near a window to "catch" sunlight.

A suncatcher is like the optical equivalent of a wind chime. Some designs are simple and abstract with perhaps some mobile-like chained elements, while more complex designs often evoke flora or fauna. Many designs combine suncatchers with wind chimes.

Suncatchers may be mass-produced or handmade, and vary in simplicity of design from an arts-and-crafts project to a professionally handmade glass sculpture.

Nacre
Nacre (/ˈneɪkər/ NAY-kər, also /ˈnækrə/ NAK-rə), also known as mother-of-pearl, is an organic–inorganic composite material produced by some molluscs as an inner shell layer. It is also the material of which pearls are composed. It is strong, resilient, and iridescent.

Nacre is found in some of the most ancient lineages of bivalves, gastropods, and cephalopods. However, the inner layer in the great majority of mollusc shells is porcellaneous, not nacreous, and this usually results in a non-iridescent shine, or more rarely in non-nacreous iridescence such as flame structure as is found in conch pearls.

The outer layer of cultured pearls and the inside layer of pearl oyster and freshwater pearl mussel shells are made of nacre. Other mollusc families that have a nacreous inner shell layer include marine gastropods such as the Haliotidae, the Trochidae and the Turbinidae.
House Upon the Hill
House Upon the Hill is a 2014 EP by British singer-songwriter RJ Thompson. It was released on 24 November 2014 and serves as the follow-up to his 2011 EP The Cognitive Rules. The EP was recorded at Blast Recording and Loft Music Studios in Newcastle upon Tyne, and mastered by Christian Wright at Abbey Road Studios.

The Cognitive Rules
The Cognitive Rules is the 2011 EP by British singer-songwriter RJ Thompson. It was released on 4 December 2011 and serves as the follow-up to his 2007 EP, Acoustic Sessions. The EP was recorded at Trinity Heights in Newcastle upon Tyne and mastered by Geoff Pesche at Abbey Road Studios.
We Think, Therefore We Are
We Think, Therefore We Are (2009) is a science fiction anthology of new short stories edited by Peter Crowther, the sixth in his themed science fiction anthology series for DAW Books. The main topic of the fifteen stories in the book is artificial intelligence. The introduction is written by Paul McAuley.

The stories are as follows:

Stephen Baxter: "Tempest 43"

Brian Stableford: "The Highway Code"

Eric Brown: "Salvage Rites"

James Lovegrove: "The Kamikaze Code"

Adam Roberts: "Adam Robots"

Tony Ballantyne: "Seeds"

Steven Utley: "Lost Places of the Earth"

Marly Youmans: "The Chinese Room"

Robert Reed: "Three Princesses"

Paul Di Filippo: "The New Cyberiad"

Patrick O'Leary: "That Laugh"

Garry Kilworth: "Alles in Ordnung"

Keith Brooke: "Sweats"

Ian Watson: "Some Fast Thinking Needed"

Chris Roberson: "Dragon King of the Eastern Sea"

Steven Utley
Steven Utley (November 10, 1948—January 12, 2013) was an American writer. He wrote poems, humorous essays and other non-fiction, and worked on comic books and cartoons, but was best known for his science fiction stories.
Endler
Endler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adolf Endler (1930–2009), German lyric poet, essayist, and prose author

Christiane Endler (born 1991), Chilean football goalkeeper

John Endler (born 1947), ethologist and evolutionary biologist

Michaela Endler (born 1945), German cross-country skier

John Endler
John Arthur Endler FRS (born 1947) is a Canadian ethologist and evolutionary biologist noted for his work on the adaptation of vertebrates to their unique perceptual environments, and the ways in which animal sensory capacities and colour patterns co-evolve.
1998 Campionati Internazionali di San Marino
The 1998 Campionati Internazionali di San Marino was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in City of San Marino, San Marino that was part of the World Series of the 1998 ATP Tour. It was the tenth edition of the tournament and was held from 10 August until 16 August 1998. Third-seeded Dominik Hrbatý won the singles titles.

City of San Marino
The City of San Marino (Italian: Città di San Marino), also known simply as San Marino and locally as Città, is the capital city of the Republic of San Marino and one of its nine castelli. It has a population of 4,118. It is on the western slopes of San Marino's highest point, Monte Titano. It is also the fifth-least-populated national capital in the world.
Cuz I Can (album)
Cuz I Can is the first solo album by the Swedish pop rock singer Ana Johnsson. The album was released by Sony Music in several European countries in April 2004.

It was later worldwide-released as The Way I Am, so that this latter is sometimes considered to be the first album by Johnsson. The latter album has a different cover and track listing; otherwise the albums are identical. The Way I Am contains the first seven songs from Cuz I Can and some new tracks, including the huge hit "We Are", which was the official soundtrack for the Spider-Man 2 film, "Don't Cry for Pain" and "Coz I Can", a remix of "Cuz I Can". The leftover tracks were included as B-sides on the later released singles.

Singles released from Cuz I Can were "The Way I Am", "Life" and "Cuz I Can", of which only "Life" entered the Swedish Singles Chart, at number 17.

Don't Cry for Pain
"Don't Cry for Pain" is the second single released by Swedish pop rock singer Ana Johnsson, featured on her worldwide debut album The Way I Am. The song is a rock ballad about a woman who gets beaten by her husband and steps up. There is a part of the music with a beat similar to Smells Like Teen Spirit's Intro.
Zounds
Zounds were an English anarcho punk/post-punk band from Reading, Berkshire, formed in 1977. Originally they were part of the cassette culture movement, releasing material on the Fuck Off Records label, and were also involved in the squatting and free festival scene. The name of the band is derived from the old English minced oath "zounds", a contraction of "God's wounds", referring to the crucifixion wounds of Jesus Christ, formerly used as a mildly blasphemous oath.

Minced oath
A minced oath is a euphemistic expression formed by deliberately changing the spelling of, or replacing, part of a profane, blasphemous, or taboo word or phrase to remove the original term's objectionable characteristics. Also, a new term can be created from scratch.  The goal is to create a new term that expresses the same emotions but does not carry the same offensive denotative meaning.  An example is "gosh" for "God", or fudge for fuck.

Many languages have such expressions. In the English language, nearly all profanities have minced variants.
Isle of Palms, South Carolina
Isle of Palms is a city in Charleston County, South Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, Isle of Palms had a population of 4,347. It is a barrier island on the South Carolina coast. The city is included within the Charleston-North Charleston-Summerville metropolitan area and the Charleston-North Charleston Urbanized Area. The town lies along a narrow strip of land, hugging the beach, separated from the mainland by the Intracoastal Waterway.

Intracoastal Waterway
The Intracoastal Waterway (ICW) is a 3,000-mile (4,800 km) inland waterway along the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts of the United States, running from Massachusetts southward along the Atlantic Seaboard and around the southern tip of Florida, then following the Gulf Coast to Brownsville, Texas. Some sections of the waterway consist of natural inlets, saltwater rivers, bays, and sounds, while others are artificial canals. Maintained, improved, and extensively dredged where necessary by the United States Army Corps of Engineers, it provides a navigable route along its length without many of the hazards of travel on the open sea.
Eightmile Lake
Eightmile Lake is a reservoir lake located on the eastern slope of Eightmile Mountain, in Chelan County in Washington.  It is a reservoir lake formed along the beginning route of Eightmile Creek as it exits Jack Ridge.

The lake is located approximately 10 miles from the city of Leavenworth, Washington. It is accessed by a 3.5-mile trail (USFS Trail No. 1552) that starts at USFS Road 7601 as it crosses over Eighmile Creek and makes a turn towards the Stuart and Culchuck Lake Trailhead where the road ends. Self-issued Alpine Lake Wilderness permit required for transit within the Eightmile Lake area.

Eightmile Mountain
Eightmile Mountain is a 7,996-foot (2,437-metre) mountain summit located in Chelan County of Washington state. Eightmile Mountain is situated within the Alpine Lakes Wilderness, on land managed by the Okanogan–Wenatchee National Forest. It is part of the Wenatchee Mountains which are a subset of the Cascade Range. Its nearest higher neighbor is Cashmere Mountain, 3 mi (4.8 km) to the northeast, and Mount Stuart rises 4 mi (6.4 km) to the south. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into Trout Creek and Eightmile Creek, both tributaries of Icicle Creek, which in turn is a tributary of the Wenatchee River. This mountain is known for its spring skiing and excellent view of the Stuart Range.
Manankurra
Manankurra, traditionally transcribed in English ethnographic texts as Manangoora, is the name of an area 60 kilometres east of Borroloola in the Northern Territory of Australia which is of great importance for the Yanyuwa people and Garrwa and of many other indigenous Australian people in the south-west of the Gulf of Carpentaria. It is now sited within a pastoral lease.

Garrwa people
The Garrwa people, also spelt Karawa and Garawa, are an Aboriginal Australian people living in the Northern Territory, whose traditional lands extended from east of the McArthur River at Borroloola to Doomadgee and the Nicholson River in Queensland.
Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's hammer throw
The women's hammer throw competition at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom. The event was held at the Olympic Stadium on 8–10 August. Each athlete receives three throws in the qualifying round. All who achieve the qualifying distance progress to the final. If less than twelve athletes achieve this mark, then the twelve furthest throwing athletes reach the final. Each finalist is allowed three throws in last round, with the top eight athletes after that point being given three further attempts.

Hammer throw
The hammer throw (Abbreviated as HT) is one of the four throwing events in regular outdoor track-and-field competitions, along with the discus throw, shot put and javelin.

The hammer used in this sport is not like any of the tools also called by that name. It consists of a metal ball attached by a steel wire to a grip. These three components are each separate and can move independently. Both the size and weight of the ball vary between men's and women's events. The men's hammer weighs 7.26 kilograms (16 lb) for college and professional meets; the women's hammer weighs 4 kilograms (8.8 lb).
Hangzhou No.2 Telecom Hub
The Hangzhou Telecom Mansion (Chinese: 杭州电信大厦) is an office skyscraper in the Qianjiang New City district of Hangzhou, China. Built between 1999 and 2003, the tower stands at 248 m (814 ft) tall by antenna spire and is the current 13th tallest building in Hangzhou.

Qianjiang New City
Qianjiang New City or Hangzhou CBD (杭州CBD, Hángzhōu CBD) is a central business district situated in the west bank of Qiantang River in downtown Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Construction work of this district began in 2007, being a significant part of Hangzhou's resolution of expansion from "West-Lake-centered era" to "Qiantang-River-centered era". It is currently one of two central business districts and the financial district of Hangzhou city.

Iconic architecture in the district includes the heaven-and-earth Civic Center, the golden-egg-shaped Hangzhou Intercontinential Hotel, the moon-shaped Grand Theater, and the City Balcony and Raffles City shopping mall. The Civic Center has been the main location for Hangzhou's municipal government since 2016.

Line 1, Line 2, Line 4, Line 7 and Line 9 of Hangzhou Metro are currently serving the area.
2nd Punjab Assembly
The 1957 Punjab Legislative Assembly election was the Second Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) election of the state when the Indian National Congress emerged as the largest party with 120 seats in the 154-seat legislature in the election. The Bharatiya Jana Sangh became the official opposition, holding 9 seats.

Punjab Legislative Assembly
The Punjab Legislative Assembly or the Punjab Vidhan Sabha is the unicameral legislature of the state of Punjab in India. The Sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly was constituted in March 2022. At present, it consists of 117 members, directly elected from 117 single-seat constituencies.  The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner. The Speaker of the sixteenth assembly is Kultar Singh Sandhwan. The meeting place of the Legislative Assembly since 6 March 1961 is the Vidhan Bhavan in Chandigarh.
Kouwenhoven
Kouwenhoven is a Dutch toponymic surname Notable people with the surname include:

Ben Kouwenhoven (born 1965), Dutch sailor, twin brother of Jan

Elly Kouwenhoven (born 1949), Dutch politician

Ernest Kouwen-Hoven (1875–1940), Dutch-born founder of Indialantic, Florida

Guus Kouwenhoven (born 1942), Dutch national who stood trial for arms smuggling and war crimes in Liberia

Jan Kouwenhoven (born 1965), Dutch competitive sailor, twin brother of Ben

Leo Kouwenhoven (born 1963), Dutch physicist

Marisca Kouwenhoven (born 1976), Dutch chess master

Mike Kouwenhoven (born 1959), Canadian-born Dutch ice hockey player

William B. Kouwenhoven (1886–1975), American electrical engineer and co-inventor of CPR

Wolfert Gerritse van Couwenhoven (1579–1662), Dutch settler in America in 1625; a founder of the New Netherland colony

Ben Kouwenhoven
Ben Kouwenhoven (born 16 November 1965, in Sneek) is a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his country at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.  Kouwenhoven as helmsman in the Dutch Men's 470 with his twin brother Jan Kouwenhoven as crew took the 16th place. In 1996 Kouwenhoven returned to the Olympics in Savannah, Georgia. Again with his brother, Kouwenhoven took 24th place in the Men's 470.