hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Trebia
Trebia or Trebbia can refer to:

The Trebbia River, in Italy

Trebia (ancient Latin town)

The Battle of the Trebia, 18 December 218 BC

The Battle of Trebia (1799)

Villa del Trebbio, a Tuscan villa

Trebbiano, a grape

Trebbia
The Trebbia (stressed Trèbbia; Latin: Trebia) is a river predominantly of Liguria and Emilia Romagna in northern Italy. It is one of the four main right-bank tributaries of the river Po, the other three being the Tanaro, the Secchia and the Panaro.

Along its eastern banks in 218 BC was fought one of the great battles of the Second Punic War.  In the Battle of Trebbia, Hannibal defeated a Roman consular army.

The 1,150-square-kilometre (440 sq mi) drainage basin is divided among Emilia Romagna, 770 square kilometres (300 sq mi), Liguria, 349 square kilometres (135 sq mi), and Lombardy, 31 square kilometres (12 sq mi). Its principal tributaries are the torrents Aveto and Perino (from the right) and the torrent Boreca (from the left).
Nippon Connection
Nippon Connection is a festival for Japanese film which takes place in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, every year in early summer.
The festival is organized by the nonprofit organization “Nippon Connection e.V.”.  Nippon Connection has become the biggest platform for contemporary Japanese film worldwide, with about 20,000 participants in 2025. The 26th festival edition will take place June 2 to 7, 2026.

Tōko Miura
Tōko Miura (Japanese: 三浦透子, Hepburn: Miura Tōko; born October 20, 1996) is a Japanese actress and singer. She is best known internationally for her role in the 2021 film Drive My Car as well as her work on the soundtrack of the 2019 animated film Weathering with You. Miura collaborated with the band Radwimps on said soundtrack and most notably made the song "Grand Escape (グランドエスケープ)," which peaked at No. 9 on the Billboard Japan Hot 100.
Hamre Church
Hamre Church (Norwegian: Hamre kyrkje) is a parish church of the Church of Norway in Osterøy Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the village of Hamre. It is the church for the Hamre parish which is part of the Åsane prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Bjørgvin. The wooden church was built in a long church design in the late 1500s (possibly in 1585) using plans drawn up by an unknown architect. The church seats about 350 people.

Nordhordland
Nordhordland is a traditional district in the western part of Norway. The district consists of the northern portion of the old Hordaland county (now part of Vestland county), north of the city of Bergen. It includes the municipalities of Alver, Austrheim, Fedje, Masfjorden, Modalen, Osterøy, and Vaksdal. The district roughly corresponds to the Nordhordland prosti, a Church of Norway deanery. Historically, Gulen Municipality to the north was included in the district.
Ira Nadel
Ira Bruce Nadel (born July 22, 1943) is an American-Canadian biographer, literary critic and James Joyce scholar, and a distinguished professor at the University of British Columbia. He has written books on the twentieth-century Modernists, especially Ezra Pound and Joyce, biographies of Leonard Cohen and Leon Uris, and on Jewish-American authors. He has won Canadian literary awards, and has edited and written the introduction to a number of scholarly books and period pieces. He is a critic of the Olympic torch relay as a legacy of the Nazis.

Jewish American literature
Jewish American literature holds an essential place in the literary history of the United States. It encompasses traditions of writing in English, primarily, as well as in other languages, the most important of which has been Yiddish. While critics and authors generally acknowledge the notion of a distinctive corpus and practice of writing about Jewishness in America, many writers resist being pigeonholed as "Jewish voices." Also, many nominally Jewish writers cannot be considered representative of Jewish American literature, one example being Isaac Asimov. Modernism and speculative fiction are major focuses in post-Holocaust Jewish American literature.
Ogust convention
Ogust is a bridge convention used by responder after his partner has made a weak-two opening bid; its purpose is to gauge the strength of the weak-two bidder's hand. Named after Harold A. Ogust from the United States, the convention is also known as the 'Blue Club response' from the bidding system developed by Benito Garozzo.

Benito Garozzo
Benito Garozzo (born 5 September 1927) is an Italian American bridge player. He won 13 world championship titles with the Italian Blue Team, starting in 1961 when he was added as a last minute substitute for the Bermuda Bowl, playing in regular partnerships with Pietro Forquet to 1972 and then with Giorgio Belladonna. During those championship years he came to be considered by many experts the world's best bridge player.
Rampton, Nottinghamshire
Rampton is a village in the civil parish of Rampton and Woodbeck, about 6 miles (10 km) east of Retford in the Bassetlaw district, in the county of Nottinghamshire, England. The parish is long and thin, extending about 7 miles (11 km) east–west but only about 1 mile (1.6 km) north–south. Its eastern boundary is the River Trent, which here also forms the county boundary with Lincolnshire.

The parish is best known for Rampton Secure Hospital, which is at the hamlet of Woodbeck about 1.5 miles (2.4 km) west of Rampton village. The parish was renamed from Rampton to Rampton and Woodbeck on the 1st of April 2018.

The 2011 Census recorded the parish population as 1,139.

River Trent
The Trent, the third-longest river in the United Kingdom, has its source in Staffordshire, on the southern edge of Biddulph Moor. It flows through and drains the North Midlands into the Humber Estuary. The river is known for dramatic flooding after storms and spring snowmelt, which in the past have often caused the river to change course.

The river passes through Stoke-on-Trent, Stone, Staffordshire, Rugeley, Burton-upon-Trent, Nottingham, Newark-on-Trent and Gainsborough before joining the Yorkshire Ouse at Trent Falls to form the Humber Estuary, which empties into the North Sea between Kingston upon Hull in Yorkshire and Immingham in Lincolnshire. The wide Humber estuary has often been characterised as the boundary between the Midlands and Northern England ("The North").
Erk (historic party)
ERK was a socialist party active in Bashkiria, Bukhara and Turkestan from 1919 to 1926. The founding document was written by Validov as part of the preparations for the Baskir Armed forces to switch from the Kolchak to that of the Red Army in February 1919. This led to the foundation of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in March 1919.

Kolchak
Kolchak, Kolçak or Kolčák is a surname from Turkish kolçak. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Kolchak (1874–1920), Russian naval commander, head of anti-Bolshevik White forces

Erkan Kolçak Köstendil, Turkish actor, director and former footballer

Eşref Kolçak (1927–2019), Turkish actor

Iliash Kolchak ("Kolchak-Pasha") (fl. before 1710–1743), Moldavian mercenary and military commander

Kristián Kolčák (born 1990), Slovak football midfielder

Sibel Kolçak, Turkish football referee
Zorzi
The Zorzi or Giorgi was a noble family of Venetian origin. They thrived in the Late Middle Ages, especially in the remnants of the Latin Empire in Greece, where they controlled the Margraviate of Bodonitsa and through marriage the Duchy of Athens until the Ottoman conquest.

Under Nicholas I they took control of Bodonitsa in 1335. Nicholas was succeeded by Francis, who governed the margraviate for almost forty years. In 1414, Nicholas II was defeated and the Turks took control of Bodonitsa, nonetheless Nicholas III continued to employ the title and garner the prestige that came with it. He married his daughter Chiara to the duke of Athens, Nerio II. She was to govern the duchy on behalf of her young son Francesco I.

Francesco I Acciaioli
Francis or Francesco I Acciaioli was the son of Nerio II Acciaioli by his second wife Chiara Zorzi. He succeeded on his father's death in 1451 to the Duchy of Athens under his mother's regency.

His mother married the Venetian Bartolomeo Contarini (1453). However, Mehmet II, the Ottoman sultan, intervened at the insistence of the people on the behalf of the young duke Francis and summoned Bartolomeo and Chiara to his court at Adrianople. Another Acciaioli, Francesco II, was sent to Athens as a Turkish client duke. Evidently, the citizenry had mistrusted the two lovers influence over the young duke, for whose safety they may have feared. The young Francesco I remained at the court of the Ottoman sultan.
Duchess of Gordon
Duchess of Gordon is a title given to the wife of the Duke of Gordon. Women who have held the title include:

Henrietta Gordon, Duchess of Gordon (née Mordaunt, c. 1688–1760), wife of Alexander Gordon, 2nd Duke of Gordon

Catherine Gordon, Duchess of Gordon (née Gordon, 1718–1779), wife of the 3rd Duke

Jane Gordon, Duchess of Gordon (née Maxwell, 1748/49–1812), wife of the 4th Duke

Elizabeth Gordon, Duchess of Gordon (née Brodie, 1794–1864) wife of the 5th Duke

Elizabeth Gordon, Duchess of Gordon
Elizabeth Gordon, Duchess of Gordon (née Brodie; 20 June 1794 – 31 January 1864), was a Scottish noblewoman. In 1813, she married George Gordon, Marquis of Huntly, afterwards the 5th Duke of Gordon. She was a member of the Scottish Episcopal Church but left it and joined the Free Church of Scotland in 1846. She had the nickname The Good Duchess. She is remembered as a supporter of the early Free Church and as a founder of The Gordon Schools in Huntly and of the Gordon Chapel in Fochabers.
Logic and dialectic
Formal scientists have attempted to combine formal logic (the science of deductively valid inferences or of logical truths) and dialectic (a form of reasoning based upon dialogue of arguments and counter-arguments) through formalisation of dialectic. These attempts include pre-formal and partially formal treatises on argument and dialectic, systems based on defeasible reasoning, and systems based on game semantics and dialogical logic.

Validity (logic)
In logic, specifically in deductive reasoning, an argument is valid if and only if it takes a form that makes it impossible for the premises to be true and the conclusion nevertheless to be false. It is not required for a valid argument to have premises that are actually true, but to have premises that, if they were true, would guarantee the truth of the argument's conclusion. Valid arguments must be clearly expressed by means of sentences called well-formed formulas (also called wffs or simply formulas).

The validity of an argument can be tested, proved or disproved, and depends on its logical form.
Jaime Serrano Alonso
Jaime Serrano Alonso (born 30 April 1979 in Barcelona) is an S9 swimmer from Spain. He competed at the 2000 Summer Paralympics in Sydney, winning a gold medal and World Record in the 400 meter freestyle race and a silver medal in the 200 meter individual medley race.

He swam with the Spanish paralympic team between 1997 and 2002 in three European championships, two world championships and in the Sydney Paralympic Games.

S9 (classification)
S9, SB8, SM9 are para-swimming classifications used for categorizing swimmers based on their level of disability.  Swimmers in this class generally have severe weakness in one leg. This class includes a number of different disabilities including people with amputations and cerebral palsy.  The classification is governed by the International Paralympic Committee, and competes at the Paralympic Games.
Spin network
In physics, a spin network is a type of diagram which can be used to represent states and interactions between particles and fields in quantum mechanics. From a mathematical perspective, the diagrams are a concise way to represent multilinear functions and functions between representations of matrix groups. The diagrammatic notation can thus greatly simplify calculations.

Roger Penrose described spin networks in 1971. Spin networks have since been applied to the theory of quantum gravity by Carlo Rovelli, Lee Smolin, Jorge Pullin, Rodolfo Gambini and others.

Spin networks can also be used to construct a particular functional on the space of connections which is invariant under local gauge transformations.

Jorge Pullin
Jorge Pullin (Latin American Spanish: [ˈpuʎin]; born 1963) is an Argentine-American theoretical physicist known for his work on black hole collisions and quantum gravity. He is the Horace Hearne Chair in theoretical Physics at the Louisiana State University.
Rano massacre
The Rano massacre, also known as the Digos massacre, refers to the aftermath of an incident which occurred in the village of Rano in Barangay Binaton, Digos, Davao del Sur on June 25, 1989 which resulted to the death of 39 people. The New People's Army claimed responsibility for the deaths but insisted that anti-communist vigilantes among the victims fired at them first.

United Church of Christ in the Philippines
The United Church of Christ in the Philippines (UCCP; Filipino: Ang Nagkaisang Iglesia ni Cristo sa Pilipinas; Ilocano: Nagkaykaysa nga Iglesia Ni Cristo iti Filipinas) is a mainline Protestant denomination in the Philippines. Established in its present form in Malate, Manila, it began as a uniting church after the merger of the Evangelical Church of the Philippines, the Philippine Methodist Church, the Disciples of Christ, the United Evangelical Church and several independent congregations.

In 2021, the UCCP reported to the World Council of Churches that it had 1,500,000 adherents, with 1,593 pastors in 2,564 congregations as of 2008. As per the 2020 census, there are 470,792 members in the Philippines alone. Its headquarters is located at 877 EDSA, West Triangle, Quezon City, Metro Manila.
Hirzel Pass
Hirzel Pass, elevation 672 metres (2,205 ft), is a mountain pass in the Alps between the cantons of Zürich and Zug in Switzerland. It connects Wädenswil and Sihlbrugg, and the summit is in the municipality of Hirzel.

Wädenswil
Wädenswil (locally often called Wättischwiil, Wädischwiil or Wädi) is a municipality located in the district of Horgen in the canton of Zürich in Switzerland.  The population, as of 2013, was about 21,000. On 1 January 2019 the former municipalities of Hütten and Schönenberg were merged into the municipality of Wädenswil.
Wadi Sidr
Wadi Sidr is a seasonal watercourse, or wadi, in the Hajar Mountains of Fujairah, United Arab Emirates. It runs in a south-westerly direction from the village of Wadi Sidr, where it is dammed by the Wadi Sidr Dam, constructed in 2001, to the confluence of the Wadi Asimah with the Wadi Fara.

The wadi takes its name from the sidr tree, Ziziphus spina-christi, common in the Hajar Mountains and prized for the honey produced from its flowers. It is a fertile agricultural area traditionally home to members of the Mazari tribe. It is a popular hiking destination.

Hajar Mountains
The Hajar Mountains (Arabic: جِبَال ٱلْحَجَر, romanized: Jibāl al-Ḥajar, The Rocky Mountains or The Stone Mountains) are one of the highest mountain ranges in the Arabian Peninsula, shared between northern Oman and eastern United Arab Emirates. Also known as "Oman Mountains", they separate the low coastal plain of Oman from the high desert plateau, and lie 50–100 km (31–62 miles) inland from the Gulf of Oman.
Price Blackwood, 4th Baron Dufferin and Claneboye
Price Blackwood, 4th Baron Dufferin and Claneboye (6 May 1794 – 21 July 1841) was the third and eldest surviving son of Hans Blackwood, 3rd Baron Dufferin and Claneboye and his first wife Mehetabel Hester Temple, daughter of Robert Temple.

He was a captain in the Royal Navy and married on 4 July 1825 Helen Selina Sheridan, daughter of Thomas Sheridan, himself the eldest son of the playwright and statesman Richard Brinsley Sheridan, and had issue:

Frederick Temple Hamilton-Temple-Blackwood, 5th Baron Dufferin and Claneboye

Lord Dufferin died from an accidental overdose of morphine and was succeeded by his only son. Helen Lady Dufferin was married secondly after his death to George Hay, Earl of Gifford (1822–1862), the eldest son of George Hay, 8th Marquess of Tweeddale on 13 October 1862 on his deathbed. Lady Dufferin died on 13 June 1867.

Richard Brinsley Sheridan
Richard Brinsley Butler Sheridan (30 October 1751 – 7 July 1816) was an Anglo-Irish playwright, writer and Whig politician who sat in the British House of Commons from 1780 to 1812, representing the constituencies of Stafford, Westminster and Ilchester. The owner of the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, in London, he wrote several prominent plays such as The Rivals (1775), The Duenna (1775), The School for Scandal (1777) and A Trip to Scarborough (1777). He served as Treasurer of the Navy from 1806 to 1807. Sheridan died in 1816 and was buried at Poets' Corner in Westminster Abbey. His plays remain a central part of the Western canon and are frequently performed around the world.
Extremal orders of an arithmetic function
The extremal orders of an arithmetic function in number theory, a branch of mathematics, are the best possible bounds of the given arithmetic function. Specifically, if f(n) is an arithmetic function and m(n) is a non-decreasing function that is ultimately positive and

we say that m is a minimal order for f. Similarly if M(n) is a non-decreasing function that is ultimately positive and

we say that M is a maximal order for f.: 80  Here,  and  denote the limit inferior and limit superior, respectively.

The subject was first studied systematically by Ramanujan starting in 1915.: 87

Limit inferior and limit superior
In mathematics, the limit inferior and limit superior (or limes inferior and limes superior) of a sequence can be thought of as limiting (that is, eventual and extreme) bounds on the sequence. They can be thought of in a similar fashion for a function (see limit of a function). For a set, they are the infimum and supremum of the set's limit points, respectively. In general, when there are multiple objects around which a sequence, function, or set accumulates, the inferior and superior limits extract the smallest and largest of them; the type of object and the measure of size is context-dependent, but the notion of extreme limits is invariant. 
Limit inferior is also called infimum limit, limit infimum, liminf, inferior limit, lower limit, or inner limit; limit superior is also known as supremum limit, limit supremum, limsup, superior limit, upper limit, or outer limit.

The limit inferior of a sequence  is denoted by

and the limit superior of a sequence  is denoted by
Keith Wagoner
Keith Leonard Wagoner (born 1961) is an American politician currently serving in the Washington State Senate representing Washington's 39th legislative district, He previously served as mayor of Sedro Woolley, Washington. He is a member of the Republican Party.

Washington State Senate
The Washington State Senate is the upper house of the Washington State Legislature. The body consists of 49 members, each representing a district with a population of approximately 160,000. The state senate meets at the Legislative Building in Olympia.

As with the lower House of Representatives, state senators serve without term limits, and senators serve four-year terms. Senators are elected from the same legislative districts as House members, with each district electing one senator and two representatives. Terms are staggered so that half the Senate is up for reelection every two years.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the federal U.S. Senate, the state senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions, and boards.
Jimmy Skidmore
James Richard Skidmore (8 February 1916 – 22 August 1998) was an English jazz tenor saxophonist. He was born in Manor Park, London and was the father of tenor and soprano saxophonist Alan Skidmore.

Perhaps best known for his work with George Shearing from 1950 to 1952, Jimmy Skidmore worked with a variety of other well-known jazz musicians, including Humphrey Lyttelton, Victor Feldman and Kenny Baker.

He celebrated his 80th birthday playing alongside his son. Two years later, Skidmore died in Welwyn Garden City, Hertfordshire, England, in August 1998, at the age of 82.

Welwyn Garden City
Welwyn Garden City (/ˈwɛlɪn/ ⓘ WEL-in) is a town in the Welwyn Hatfield district, in Hertfordshire, England, 20 miles (32 km) north of London. It was the second garden city in England (founded 1920) and one of the first new towns (designated 1948). It is unique in being both a garden city and a new town and exemplifies the physical, social and cultural planning ideals of the periods in which it was built. In 2021 it had a population of 51,505.
John D. Gurnee
John Denton Gurnee (December 25, 1831 – March 15, 1906) was an American politician and lawyer.

Born in the town of Ramapo, Rockland County, New York, Gurnee graduated from Princeton University in 1854. He studied law in the office of William C. Hasbrouck in Newburgh, New York and was admitted to the New York bar in 1857. Gurnee settled in Madison, Wisconsin, in 1857, and practiced law. Gurnee was involved with the Democratic Party. In 1872, Gurnee served in the Wisconsin State Assembly. In 1896, Gurnee ended his involvement with the Democratic Party. Wisconsin Governor Cadwallader C. Washburn appointed Gurnee to the Wisconsin Park Commission. Gurnee died at his home in Madison, Wisconsin.

Cadwallader C. Washburn
Cadwallader Colden Washburn (April 22, 1818 – May 14, 1882) was an American businessman, Republican politician, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He was the 11th governor of Wisconsin (1872–1874) and served 10 years in the U.S. House of Representatives, representing western Wisconsin.  As a businessman, he acquired and grew the Minneapolis Milling Company, creating the business that would later become General Mills.  During the American Civil War, Washburn also distinguished himself as a Union Army officer, and rose to the rank of major general, leading forces in the western theater of the war.

Cadwallader Washburn was a member of the Washburn family of Maine.  His brother, Israel Washburn Jr., was the 29th governor of Maine, and another brother, William D. Washburn, served as a United States senator from Minnesota.  Two other brothers were also notable politicians and diplomats.
The Journey (2014 Malaysian film)
The Journey (Chinese: 一路有你; pinyin: Yīlù yǒu nǐ; trans. "All the way with you") is a 2014 Malaysian Chinese-language comedy-drama film directed by Chiu Keng Guan and written by Ryon Lee. The film stars Ben Andrew Pfeiffer, Lee Sai Peng and Joanne Yew Hong Im. The story follows a father that finally allows his daughter to wed an English lad with a condition that he shall follow him on a journey around the nation to deliver their wedding invitation. The Journey was also invited to be screened at the 16th Far East Film Festival in Udine, Italy.

The Journey won four awards from six nominations on 27th Malaysian Film Festival (including Best non-Malay language film). As of December 2019, The Journey is currently ranked the tenth-highest grossing Malaysian film of all-time.

The movie is also available in original and dubbed-in-Malay versions on Astro First.

Udine
Udine (US: /ˈuːdiːneɪ/ OO-dee-nay; Italian: [ˈuːdine] ⓘ; Friulian: Udin; Latin: Utinum; Slovene: Videm) is a city and comune (municipality) in northeastern Italy, in the middle of the Friuli-Venezia Giulia region, between the Adriatic Sea and the Carnic Alps. It is the capital of the Regional decentralization entity of Udine. As of 2025, it has a population of 98,320 in the commune, and 176,000 in the urban area.