hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Etlatongo
Etlatongo is an archaeological site in Oaxaca, Mexico.  Situated in the Nochixtlán Valley within the Mixteca Alta, Etlatongo encompasses both a Formative Period site, located between two rivers, and a Classic/Post-classic site, on a hill to the north.

Etlatongo experienced a sharp population growth beginning in roughly 1150 BCE and lasting for 300 years.  It was during this period that trade goods, including figurines, ceramics, and obsidian, including artifacts identified with the Zapotecs, Olmecs, and the Valley of Mexico, enter the archaeological record.

Studies of Etlatongo artifacts, including obsidian and pottery, indicate that Etlatongo participated in a wide-ranging trade network. Etlatongo continued to be occupied through the Post-classic period.

In 2020, a ballcourt was discovered at Etlatongo, dating to 1374 BCE.

La Mixteca
La Mixteca (Nahuatl languages: Mixtecapan) is a cultural, economic and political region in Western Oaxaca and neighboring portions of Puebla, Guerrero in south-central Mexico, which refers to the home of the Mixtec people. In their languages, the region is called either Ñuu Djau, Ñuu Davi or Ñuu Savi.  Two-thirds of all Mixtecs live in the region, and the entire national population of Mixtecs in Mexico was 500,000 in 1999.

The region covers some 40,000 km2 (15,000 sq mi) where two of the country's mountain ranges, the Neo-Volcanic Belt and Sierra Madre del Sur, converge.
My Brother the Cow
My Brother the Cow is the fourth studio album by American rock band Mudhoney. It was released on Reprise Records on March 28, 1995 (see 1995 in music).

Nearly all of the album's songs (excluding the songs from the bonus 7") have been performed in concert. 
Judgement, Rage, Retribution and Thyme, as well as F.D.K. display constants in Mudhoney's live setlist. The only song that has yet to be performed live is Crankcase Blues.

In 2020, My Brother the Cow was included in the 4CD box set Real Low Vibe: Reprise Recordings 1992-1998.

Mark Arm
Mark Arm (born Mark Thomas McLaughlin; February 21, 1962) is an American singer and songwriter, best known as the vocalist for the grunge band Mudhoney. His former group, Green River, was one of the first grunge bands, along with Malfunkshun, Soundgarden, Skin Yard, the U-Men, and others. He is also the manager of the Sub Pop warehouse and previously worked at Fantagraphics Books.
Alagić
Alagić is a South Slavic surname, found in Bosnia and Serbia. There's also an anglicized version Alagich.

Notable people with the name include:

Amir Alagić (born 1960), Bosnian-Australian football manager

Haris Alagic (born 1990s), Dutch singer-songwriter and guitarist of Bosnian descent

Mara Alagic, Serbian mathematician

Mehmed Alagić (1947–2003), Bosnian general

Sanjin Alagić (born 1977), Bosnian football player and manager

Strahinja Alagić (1924–2002), Serbian basketball player and coach

Tea Alagic (born 1972), Bosnian-American stage director

Sanjin Alagić
Sanjin Alagić (born 26 September 1977) is a Bosnian professional football manager and former player.

He previously managed hometown club Sarajevo (academy and youth teams), Al-Ahli, Qadsia (youth team), Al-Salmiya, Šamorín and Nairobi City Stars.
Gabriele Ambrosio
Gabriele Ambrosio (1844 – July 19, 1918) was an Italian sculptor.

He was born and died in Turin, Italy. He trained under Vincenzo Vela in Accademia Albertina and joined the 1866 campaign for Italian independence. He was knighted Cavaliere of the Order of the Crown of Italy. Among his works are:

Monument to Angelo Brofferio, Turin, 1871

Monument to Giovanni Battista Bodoni, Saluzzo, 1872

Monument to Diodata Saluzzo, Saluzzo, 1874

Monument to Giovanni Garelli, Mondovì, 1875

Monument to Paul Amilhau, Mondovì, 1875

Monument to General Ettore Perrone di San Martino, Ivrea

Monument to Vincenzo Troya, Magliano d'Alba

Order of the Crown of Italy
The Order of the Crown of Italy (Italian: Ordine della Corona d'Italia or OCI) was founded as a national order in 1868 by King Vittorio Emanuele II, to commemorate the unification of Italy in 1861. It was awarded in five degrees for civilian and military merit. Today the Order of the Crown has been replaced by the Order of Merit of Savoy and is still conferred on new knights by the current disputed head of the house, Emanuele Filiberto, Prince of Venice.

The order has been suppressed by law since the foundation of the Republic in 1946. However, Umberto II did not abdicate his position as fons honorum and it remained under his Grand Mastership as a dynastic order. While the continued use of those decorations conferred prior to 1951 is permitted in Italy, the crowns on the ribbons issued before 1946 must be substituted for as many five pointed stars on military uniforms.
Pantovčak
Pantovčak (pronounced [pantɔʋˈtʃaːk]) is a neighborhood in Zagreb, Croatia. Its formal location is the Gornji Grad - Medveščak city district. The Pantovčak street runs from the Britanski trg (British Square) near Ilica towards Medvednica, ending at Šestinski vijenac (Šestine roundabout). The neighbourhood is officially referred to as "Dr. Stjepan Radić" and it has a population of 4,957 (2011).

Pantovčak is best known as the location of the Croatian Presidential Palace and the adjacent park, located at Pantovčak 241. In Croatian, "Pantovčak" is often used as a metonym for the office of the President of Croatia.

Medvednica
Medvednica (pronounced [mědʋednitsa], lit. 'Bear mountain') is a mountain in central Croatia, just north of Zagreb, and marking the southern border of the historic region of Zagorje. Most of it is encompassed by the Medvednica Nature Park. The highest peak, at 1,035 m (3,396 ft) is Sljeme. Most of the area of Medvednica is a nature park (park prirode), a type of preservation lesser than a national park. During the Miocene and the Pliocene, the mountain was an island within the Pannonian Sea. Together with the surrounding hills, it is known as Zagrebačka gora or the "Zagreb Mountains", as well as Bistranjska gora, Markuševačka gora, Stubička gora and Vrabečka gora.
Dąbrówka, Wieruszów County
Dąbrówka [dɔmˈbrufka] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Galewice, within Wieruszów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Galewice, 13 km (8 mi) north-east of Wieruszów, and 94 km (58 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wieruszów
Wieruszów ([vjɛˈruʂuf]) is a town in south-central Poland with 8,446 inhabitants (2020). Situated in the southwestern part of Łódź Voivodeship, it is the seat of the Gmina Wieruszów and Wieruszów County. Wieruszów is located in the historical Wieluń Land. The town is situated along the Prosna river.
Honor codes of the Bedouin
Sharaf and ird are Bedouin honor codes. Along with hospitality and courage/bravery, it is one of the Bedouin aspects of ethics. Bedouin systems of justice are based on these honor codes, although the codes are falling into disuse as more Bedouins accept sharia or national penal codes as the means for dispensing justice.

Hospitality
Hospitality is the relationship of a host towards a guest, wherein the host receives the guest with some amount of goodwill and welcome. This includes the reception and entertainment of guests, visitors, or strangers. Louis, chevalier de Jaucourt describes hospitality in the Encyclopédie as the virtue of a great soul that cares for the whole universe through the ties of humanity. Hospitality is also the way people treat others, for example in the service of welcoming and receiving guests in hotels. Hospitality plays a role in augmenting or decreasing the volume of sales of an organization.

Hospitality ethics is a discipline that studies this usage of hospitality.
Sarikoli language
The Sarikoli language (also Sariqoli, Selekur, Sarikul, Sariqul, Sariköli) is a member of the Pamir subgroup of the Southeastern Iranian languages spoken by the Pamiris in Xinjiang, China and Chitral, Pakistan. It is officially referred to in China as the "Tajik language", although it is different from the Tajik language spoken in Tajikistan, which is closely related to Persian.

Close-mid back rounded vowel
The close-mid back rounded vowel, or high-mid back rounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨o⟩.
Panzerwiese
The Panzerwiese is a 200 hectare heath area in Milbertshofen-Am Hart in the north of Munich, Germany.

It bears its name due to its former military use as a training area for tanks (German: Panzer and meadow German: Wiese). The name "Nordhaide" is often used analogously to Panzerwiese due to the settlement of the same name.

It is part of the "Naturschutzgebiet" (protected nature area) Panzerwiese und Hartelholz. It belongs to the Munich Green Belt. It has been registered with the EU as a Fauna-Flora-Habitat area (heathland and turf forests north of Munich).

Naturschutzgebiet
A Naturschutzgebiet (German pronunciation: [naˈtuːɐ̯ʃʊtsɡəˌbiːt] ⓘ; abbreviated NSG) is a category of protected area (nature reserve) within Germany's Federal Nature Conservation Act (the Bundesnaturschutzgesetz or BNatSchG).
Although often translated as 'Nature Reserve' in English, the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN) refers to them as 'Nature Conservation Areas'. It meets the criteria of an IUCN Category IV – habitat or species management area.
Roger Rinderknecht
Roger Rinderknecht (born 4 May 1981 in Winterthur) is a Swiss racing cyclist who represents Switzerland in BMX and mountain bike racing. He was selected to represent his country at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the men's BMX event, where he reached the semi-finals.  He had previously reached the semi-finals at the 2008 Summer Olympics.

Rinderknecht was appointed as a member of the inaugural UCI Athletes' Commission in 2011.

BMX
BMX, an abbreviation for bicycle motocross or bike motocross, is a cycle sport performed on BMX bikes, either in competitive BMX racing or freestyle BMX, or else in general street or off-road recreation.
Granville Ryrie
Major-General Sir Granville de Laune Ryrie, KCMG, CB, VD (1 July 1865 – 2 October 1937) was an Australian soldier, politician, and diplomat. He served in the Boer War and the First World War, in the latter commanding the 2nd Light Horse Brigade (1914–1918) and ANZAC Mounted Division (1918–1919). His military career overlapped with his political career in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly (1906–1910) and Federal House of Representatives (1911–1927). He concluded his public service as High Commissioner to the United Kingdom (1927–1932), the first time the position had been held by someone other than a former prime minister.

Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration
The Colonial Auxiliary Forces Officers' Decoration, post-nominal letters VD, was established in 1899 as recognition for long and meritorious service as a part-time commissioned officer in any of the organized military forces of the British Colonies, Dependencies and Protectorates. It superseded the Volunteer Officers' Decoration for India and the Colonies in all these territories, but not in the Indian Empire.

In 1930, the decoration, along with the Volunteer Officers' Decoration and the Territorial Decoration, were superseded by the Efficiency Decoration in an effort to standardise recognition across the British Empire.
Pyeongwon Line
The Pyeongwon Line was a railway line in Korea, opened in 1941 during the period of Japanese rule. The line connected Pyongyang to Gowon. It exists now North Korea and forms part of the following present day lines:

Seopo to Tongbungri, Ryongsŏng Line

Tongbungri to Gowon, Pyeongra Line

Kowon station
Kowŏn station is a railway station of the Korean State Railway in Kowŏn-ŭp, Kowŏn County, South Hamgyŏng, North Korea. It is the junction where the P'yŏngra Line, which connects P'yŏngyang to Rajin, meets the Kangwŏn Line running from Kowŏn to P'yŏnggang.
Russian tea culture
Tea is an important part of Russian culture. Due in part to Russia's cold northern climate, it is today considered the de facto national beverage, one of the most popular beverages in the country, and is closely associated with traditional Russian culture. Russian tea is brewed and can be served sweet, and hot or cold. It is traditionally taken at afternoon tea, but has since spread as an all day drink, especially at the end of meals, served with dessert. A notable aspect of Russian tea culture is the samovar, which was widely used to boil water for brewing until the middle of the 20th century.

Clove
Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum (/sɪˈzɪdʒiːəm ˌærəˈmætɪkəm/). They are native to the Maluku Islands, or Moluccas, in Indonesia, and are commonly used as a spice, flavoring, or fragrance in consumer products, such as toothpaste, soaps, or cosmetics. Cloves are available throughout the year owing to different harvest seasons across various countries.
Macro Markets
Macro Markets (ISBN 0198294182) is a book by Robert Shiller. It was published in 1993 by the Clarendon Press imprint of the Oxford University Press. It suggests that humans cannot fully diversify away their risk as portfolio theory would like us to.  This is because there are missing markets, such as the general geographically computational risk of living in a certain area. The book envisions completing endowment markets by providing tradable risk factors.

Risk
Risk is the possibility of something bad happening, comprising a level of uncertainty about the effects and implications of an activity, particularly negative and undesirable consequences.

Risk theory, assessment, and management are applied but substantially differ in different practice areas, such as business, economics, environment, finance, information technology, health, insurance, safety, security, and privacy. The international standard for risk management, ISO 31000, provides general guidelines and principles on managing risks faced by organizations.
Twin Star of Arsion Championship
The Twin Star of Arsion Championship (Japanese: ツイン・スター・オブ・アルシオン王座, Hepburn: Tsuin Sutā Obu Arushion Ōza) was a professional wrestling tag team championship owned by the Hyper Visual Fighting Arsion promotion. Like most professional wrestling championships, the title was won as a result of a scripted match. The championship was introduced on December 7, 1998, when Hiromi Yagi and Rie Tamada defeated Ayako Hamada and Tiger Dream in the finals of a tournament to become the inaugural champions. During the next four and a half years, there were thirteen reigns shared among thirteen different wrestlers and eleven teams. The title was retired when Arsion went out of business on June 22, 2003, making Rie Tamada and Takako Inoue the final champions in the title's history.

Professional wrestling championship
In professional wrestling, a championship or title is a recognition promoted by professional wrestling organizations. Championship reigns are determined by professional wrestling matches, in which competitors are involved in predetermined rivalries; these narratives create feuds between the various competitors, which usually cast them as either faces (heroes), heels (villains), or more rarely tweeners (morally ambiguous). The bookers in a company, who decide the winners and where the storyline goes, will place the title on the most accomplished performer or the one they believe will generate fan interest in terms of event attendance and television viewership.
Kargil Airport
Kargil Airport (ICAO: VI65) is a military airfield in Kargil district 6 km (3.7 mi) away from Kargil and 217 km (135 mi) from Leh. It is one of two airports in the union territory of Ladakh. The airport will be expanded for operation of commercial jets by the end of 2024.

Leh
Leh (English: /'leɪ/, Hindi: ['leː(ɦ)]) is a city in Indian-administered Ladakh in the disputed Kashmir region.   It is the largest city and the joint capital of Ladakh.   It has been the capital of Ladakh since the Medieval Period. Leh, located in the Leh district, was also the historical capital of the Kingdom of Ladakh. The seat of the kingdom, Leh Palace, the former residence of the royal family of Ladakh, was built in the same style and about the same time as the Potala Palace in Tibet. Since they were both constructed in a similar style and at roughly the same time, the Potala Palace in Tibet and Leh Palace, the royal residence, are frequently contrasted. Leh is at an altitude of 3,524 m (11,562 ft), and is connected via National Highway 1 to Srinagar in the southwest and to Manali in the south via the Leh-Manali Highway (part of National Highway 3).
Starvation (crime)
Starvation of a civilian population is a war crime, a crime against humanity, and/or an act of genocide according to modern international criminal law. Starvation has not always been illegal according to international law; the starvation of civilians during the siege of Leningrad was ruled to be not criminal by a United States military court, and the 1949 Geneva Convention, though imposing limits, "accepted the legality of starvation as a weapon of war in principle". Historically, the development of laws against starvation has been hampered by the Western powers who wish to use blockades against their enemies; however, it was banned in 1977 by Protocol I and Protocol II to the Geneva Conventions and criminalized by the Rome Statute. Prosecutions for starvation have been rare.

Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions
Additional Protocol I to the Geneva Conventions (also Protocol I or AP I) is a 1977 amendment protocol to the  Geneva Conventions of 1949 concerning the protection of civilian victims of international armed conflicts, including "armed conflicts in which peoples are fighting against colonial domination, alien occupation or racist regimes." In practice, Additional Protocol I updated and reaffirmed the international laws of war stipulated in the 1949 Geneva Conventions to accommodate developments of warfare since the Second World War(1939–1945).

As of June 2025, Additional Protocol I has been ratified by 175 states. The United States, Iran and Pakistan signed the protocol on 12 December 1977, but never ratified it. Israel, India and Turkey have not signed the protocol.
Stanford Internet Observatory
The Stanford Internet Observatory (SIO) was a multidisciplinary program for the study of abuse in information technologies, with a focus on social media, established in 2019. It is part of the Stanford Cyber Policy Center, a joint initiative of the Freeman Spogli Institute for International Studies and Stanford Law School. The program ended in 2024.

Inside Higher Ed
Inside Higher Ed is an American online publication of news, opinion, resources, events and jobs in the higher education sphere. In 2022, Quad Partners, a private equity firm, sold it to Times Higher Education, itself owned by Inflexion Private Equity. It is based in Washington, D.C.
Hevel Modi'in Regional Council
Hevel Modi'in Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית חבל מודיעין, romanized: Mo'atza Azorit Hevel Modi'in, lit. 'Modi'in Region Regional Council') is a regional council located partly in the Shephelah region and partly in the Central Coastal Plain region of the Central District of Israel. It was founded in 1950 and covers an area from Petah Tikva to Modi'in. The council's headquarters are located in the town of Shoham.

The council borders

Drom HaSharon Regional Council, El'ad and Rosh HaAyin in the north

Mateh Binyamin Regional Council in the east

Gezer Regional Council and Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut in the south

Drom HaSharon, Lod Valley Regional Council, Lod and Ramle in the west.

The head rabbi of the regional council is Rabbi Eliav Meir who is also the head rabbi of Gimzo.

Central District (Israel)
The Central District (Hebrew: מחוז המרכז, Meḥoz haMerkaz; Arabic: المنطقة الوسطى, Minṭaqat al-Wasaṭ) of Israel is one of six administrative districts, including most of the Sharon region. It is further divided into four sub-districts: Petah Tikva, Ramla, Sharon, and Rehovot. The district's largest city is Rishon LeZion. The district's population as of 2017 was 2,115,800. According to the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics, 88% of the population is Jewish, 8.2% is Arab, and 4% are "non-classified", being mostly former Soviet Union immigrants of partial or nominal Jewish ethnic heritage or household members of Jews.
Eymundar þáttr hrings
Eymundar þáttr hrings is a short Norse saga, which is preserved in two versions. One of them appears as Eymundar þáttr hrings in the Flatey Book and the other one is an introductory chapter in Yngvars saga víðförla. They deal with the adventures of Varangians in the service of Yaroslav the Wise.

The main difference between the two versions is that in Eymundar þáttr hrings, the hero is a Norwegian, whereas in Yngvars saga víðförla, he is a Swede. In the version where he is Swedish, he is the relative of Erik the Victorious.

Flateyjarbók
Flateyjarbók (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈflaːtˌeiːjarˌpouːk]; "Book of Flatey") is an important medieval Icelandic manuscript. It is also known as GkS 1005 fol. and by the Latin name Codex Flateyensis. It was commissioned by the knight and lawspeaker, Jón Hákonarson, and produced by the priests and scribes Jón Þórðarson and Magnús Þórhallsson.
1933 Kategoria e Dytë
The 1933 Kategoria e Dytë is the third season of the second tier of football in Albania. The league was played between 2 April and 13 August 1933 and it was divided into 3 groups, Group A being an exhibition tournament and the winners of Group B and C played each other in the final. The final was played between Bashkimi Elbasan and SK Vlorë, which Bashkimi Elbasan was 3-2.

Kategoria e Parë
Kategoria e Parë is the second tier of professional football in Albania, positioned below Kategoria Superiore and above Kategoria e Dytë.

Established in 1930, the league comprises 12 teams. The top two teams earn direct promotion to Kategoria Superiore, while the teams ranked 3rd to 6th enter a playoff tournament.

The winner faces the 8th-placed team from Kategoria Superiore in a promotion play-off match. At the other end of the table, the bottom two teams are relegated to Kategoria e Dytë, while the teams finishing 9th and 10th must compete in a relegation play-off to retain their spot in the league.
Ennomos magnaria
Ennomos magnaria, the maple spanworm moth, notched wing moth, notched-wing geometer or notch-wing moth, is a moth of the family Geometridae. The species was first described by Achille Guenée in 1858. It is found from coast to coast in southern Canada and the northern United States, south in the east to Florida and Louisiana and in the west to California.

The wingspan is 43–60 mm. Adults resemble an autumn leaf. Adults are on wing from July to early November in one generation per year. Adults are nocturnal and may rest on buildings during the day.

The larvae feed on the leaves of Alnus, Fraxinus, Tilia, Betula, Ulmus, Carya, Acer, Quercus, and Populus species.

Tilia
Tilia is a genus of about 30 species of trees or bushes, native throughout most of the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The species are known as linden or lime for the European and Asian species, and linden or basswood for North American species and more generally in American literature. The greatest species diversity is found in Asia, but the genus also occurs widely in Europe and eastern North America. Under the Cronquist classification system, this genus was placed in the family Tiliaceae, but genetic research summarised by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group has resulted in the incorporation of this genus, and of most of the previous family, into the Malvaceae.

Tilia is the only known ectomycorrhizal genus in the family Malvaceae. Studies of ectomycorrhizal relations of Tilia species indicate a wide range of fungal symbionts and a preference toward Ascomycota fungal partners.