hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
State visit by Nikita Khrushchev to the United States
Nikita Khrushchev paid a state visit to the United States from 15 to 27 September 1959. It marked the first state visit of a Soviet leader to the United States. Khrushchev, then First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and Chairman of the Council of Ministers, was also the first leader of the Soviet Union to set foot in the Western Hemisphere. Being the first visit by a leader of his kind, the coverage of it resulted in an extended media circus.

Premier of the Soviet Union
The Premier of the Soviet Union (Russian: Глава Правительства СССР) was the head of government of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). From 1923 to 1946, the name of the office was Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars, and from 1946 to 1991 its name was Chairman of the Council of Ministers. During the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, its name was briefly Prime Minister and later Chairman of the Committee on the Operational Management of the Soviet Economy. The first Soviet premier was the country's founder and first leader, Vladimir Lenin. After General Secretary of the Communist Party Joseph Stalin rose to power in 1924, the de facto leader of the Soviet Union typically was the party's General Secretary, with Stalin and his successor Nikita Khrushchev also serving as premier. Twelve individuals held the post.
Ev Faunce
Everett George Faunce (June 12, 1926 – April 2, 2009) was an American football player and coach. Faunce played college football at Iowa State University in 1945 before transferring to the University of Minnesota for the remaining three years of his collegiate career. After a brief stint playing for the Baltimore Colts of the All-America Football Conference (AAFC), he served as the head football coach at Minot State University in 1950 at Utah State University from 1955 to 1958.

Minot State University
Minot State University (MSU or MiSU) is a public university in Minot, North Dakota, United States.  Founded in 1913 as a normal school, MSU evolved into a university in 1987 and is currently the state's third-largest, offering undergraduate and graduate degree programs.

Four schools comprise the university's academic offering. Nine master's degrees and one education specialist degree are offered in areas such as communication disorders, management, and mathematics. A mix of liberal arts and professional programs offers more than 60 majors at the undergraduate level. MSU is a North Dakota University System member.

Minot State's mascot is the beaver, the school colors are red and green (though Maroon has been used at times in the past), and the campus newspaper is the Red and Green. The MSU campus is at the base of Minot's North Hill, just west of Broadway (U.S. Route 83).
Neshannock Creek
Neshannock Creek is a 25.65 mi (41.28 km) long tributary to Shenango River that forms at the confluence of Cool Spring and Otter Creek in Mercer County and then flows south to Lawrence County, Pennsylvania.  This creek is known for its fly fishing at Volant, Pennsylvania.

Neshannock is a Native American name purported to mean "double stream".

Lawrence County, Pennsylvania
Lawrence County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, the population was 86,070. The county seat and largest city is New Castle.

The county was created on March 20, 1849, from parts of Beaver and Mercer counties. The county is part of the Greater Pittsburgh region of the commonwealth.
Jonathan Browne
Jonathan Browne (1601 – 19 December 1643) was an Anglican clergyman, Dean of Hereford from 1637 until his death.

Browne was educated at Gloucester Hall, Oxford, matriculating on 13 October 1620, aged 19, and graduating BCL (1625), DCL (1630).

He held the following church preferments:

Rector of Shelley, Essex (1621)

Rector of St Faith's, London (1628)

Rector of Hertingfordbury, Hertfordshire (1630)

President of Sion College (1636–1637)

Canon of Hereford Cathedral (1636)

Dean of Hereford (1636–1643)

Canon of Westminster Abbey (1639–1643)

He died on 19 December 1643, and was buried at Hertingfordbury, without any memorial. His will (undated and unregistered) was proved on 8 April 1645.

Bachelor of Civil Law
Bachelor of Civil Law (abbreviated BCL or B.C.L.; Latin: Baccalaureus Civilis Legis) is the name of various degrees in law conferred by English-language universities. The BCL originated as a postgraduate degree in the universities of Oxford and Cambridge; at Oxford, the BCL continues to be the primary postgraduate taught course in law. It is also taught as an undergraduate degree in other countries. The reference to civil law was not originally in contradistinction to common law, but to canon law, although common law was not taught in the civil law faculties in either university until at least the second half of the 18th century. However, some universities in English-speaking countries use the degree in the former sense.
1999 Tournament of the Americas
The 1999 Tournament of the Americas, later known as the FIBA Americas Championship and the FIBA AmeriCup (also known as Las Americas Tournament for Men, the FIBA Americas Olympic Qualifying Tournament, or Panamerican Olympic Qualifying Tournament for Men), was a basketball championship hosted by Puerto Rico, from July 14 to July 25, 1999. The games were played in San Juan, at the Roberto Clemente Coliseum. This FIBA AmeriCup was to earn the two berths allocated to the Americas for the 2000 Olympics, in Sydney, Australia. The United States won the tournament, featuring the Dream Team No4. It was the USA's fourth AmeriCup championship.The USA won its 10 games in this tournament by an average of 31.6 points.

Roberto Clemente Coliseum
Roberto Clemente Coliseum (Spanish: Coliseo Roberto Clemente) is a sports and concert arena located in San Juan, Puerto Rico. It was, for many years, Puerto Rico's largest indoor event facility, and remains one of the largest.
Teresa Roncon
Teresa Roncon (born in Angola) is a Canadian former journalist.  She was a personality on Discovery Channel Canada, and formerly a CFTO (CTV Toronto) reporter. Prior to both, she was a VJ on MuchMusic.

CFTO-DT
CFTO-DT (channel 9, cable channel 8) is a television station in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, serving as the flagship station of the CTV Television Network, a division of Bell Media. It is sister to Barrie-based CTV2 flagship CKVR-DT, channel 3 (although the two stations maintain separate operations). CFTO-DT's studios are located at 9 Channel Nine Court in the former city of Scarborough, and its transmitter is located atop the CN Tower in Downtown Toronto. The station shares the Agincourt studio complex with CTV's national headquarters, which includes studios for the network's news programming (CTV National News and the CTV News Channel), along with most of Bell Media's specialty channels.
U.S. Route 15 in Pennsylvania
U.S. Route 15 (US 15) is United States Numbered Highway that runs from Walterboro, South Carolina, north to Painted Post, New York. In Pennsylvania, the highway runs for 194.89 miles (313.65 km), from the Maryland state line just south of Gettysburg, north to the New York state line near Lawrenceville.

Walterboro, South Carolina
Walterboro is a city in Colleton County, South Carolina, United States. The city's population was 5,544 at the 2020 census. It is the county seat of Colleton County. Walterboro is located 48 miles (77 km) west of Charleston and is located near the ACE Basin region in the South Carolina Lowcountry.
Environmental impact of cigarettes
Cigarette filters are made up of thousands of polymer chains of cellulose acetate. Once discarded into the environment, the filters create a large waste problem. Cigarette filters are the most common form of litter in the world, as approximately 5.6 trillion cigarettes are smoked every year worldwide. Of those, an estimated 4.5 trillion cigarette filters become litter every year.

Disposable electronic cigarettes, also known as disposable vapes, have been linked to numerous environmental concerns. The single-use devices are seen as convenient, but have been found to create waste due to their complex composition and the difficulties inherent in recycling mixed materials, especially those with lithium batteries. Disposable e-cigarettes can contribute to environmental pollution through the potential release of toxic substances such as high amounts of lithium metal.

Ethyl acetate
Ethyl acetate (commonly abbreviated EtOAc, ETAC or EA) is the organic compound with the formula CH3CO2CH2CH3, simplified to C4H8O2. This flammable, colorless liquid has a characteristic sweet smell (similar to pear drops) and is used in glues, nail polish removers, and the decaffeination process of tea and coffee. Ethyl acetate is the ester of ethanol and acetic acid; it is manufactured on a large scale for use as a solvent.
Pablo Krögh
Pablo Willy Krögh Baraona (21 February 1963 – 2 September 2013) was a Chilean film, theater, television and voice actor. His credits included the Chilean films Machuca in 2004 and the 2009 dramatic film, Dawson Isla 10, in which he portrayed the late politician, José Tohá. His television roles included the Chilevision telenovela series, La Doña. He was starring in the TVN television series, Bim bam bum, at the time of his death in 2013.

Krögh died from tongue cancer in Santiago, Chile, at approximately 5:00 a.m. on 2 September 2013, at the age of 50. He had been diagnosed with tongue cancer in 2012. Numerous Chilean actors and directors posted tributes to Krögh on social media, including Ana Maria Gazmuri, Paula Sharim, Begoña Basauri, Lorena Capetillo, Herval Abreu and Daniel Alcaíno.

Chilevisión
Chilevisión (often abbreviated as CHV) is a Chilean free-to-air television channel. It is the third oldest Chilean television network owned by Vytal Group since 2026 (formerly owned by Warner Bros. Discovery from 2010 to 2021 and Paramount Skydance from 2021 to 2026), being founded by the University of Chile on 4 November 1960.

In addition to Chilevisión, Vytal Group owns other TV channels, including Canal CHV Noticias, CHV de Culto, and UChileTV.
Sklandrausis
Sklandrausis (pl.: sklandrauši; Livonian dialect: sklandrouš, from Curonian: sklanda – 'fence-post, wattle fence, slope, declivity'; Livonian: sūrkak, pl.: sūr kakūd), žograusis (pl.: žograuši) or dižrausis (pl.: dižrauši) is a traditional Latvian dish of Livonian origin. It is a sweet pie, made of rye dough and filled with potato and carrot paste and caraway.

In 2013, European Commission designated sklandrausis with a Traditional speciality guaranteed status. A festival dedicated to sklandrauši has been organized in Dundaga, Talsi Municipality since 2013.

Curonian language
The Curonian language (German: Kurisch; Latvian: kuršu valoda; Lithuanian: kuršių kalba), or Old Curonian, was a Baltic language spoken by the Curonians, a Baltic tribe who inhabited Courland (now western Latvia: 291–293  and northwestern Lithuania).
Fujiwara no Kanesuke
Fujiwara no Kanesuke (藤原兼輔; 877–933), also known as the Riverbank Middle Counselor (堤中納言, Tsutsumi Chūnagon),: 137  was a middle Heian-period waka poet and Japanese nobleman. He is designated as a member of the Thirty-six Poetry Immortals.

His great-granddaughter was Murasaki Shikibu, author of the well-known monogatari the Tale of Genji.

His father was Fujiwara no Toshimoto.

Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry
The Thirty-Six Immortals of Poetry (三十六歌仙, Sanjūrokkasen) are a group of Japanese poets of the Asuka, Nara, and Heian periods selected by Fujiwara no Kintō as exemplars of Japanese poetic ability. The oldest surviving collection of the 36 poets' works is Nishi Honganji Sanju-rokunin Kashu ("Nishi Honganji 36 poets collection") of 1113. Similar groups of Japanese poets include the Kamakura period Nyōbō Sanjūrokkasen (女房三十六歌仙), composed by court ladies exclusively, and the Chūko Sanjūrokkasen (中古三十六歌仙), or Thirty-Six Heian-era Immortals of Poetry, selected by Fujiwara no Norikane (1107–1165). This list superseded an older group called the Six Immortals of Poetry.

Sets of portraits (essentially imaginary) of the group were popular in Japanese painting and later woodblock prints, and often hung in temples.
Favelle Favco Group
Favelle Favco Berhad (MYX: 7229) is a manufacturer of construction cranes under the brands Favelle Favco and Kroll. The company's main plant is based at Senawang, Malaysia, with production facilities and engineering offices also located in Sydney, China, Texas and Denmark.

The company's shares are traded on the Main Board of Bursa Malaysia, formerly known as the Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange. It is partially owned by Muhibbah Engineering.

In 2012, its market capitalization was RM250 million, sales averaged RM490 million annually, and profits were RM29 million over the last five years. In 2013, annual revenue for the company was approximately RM764 million, with profits of just under RM65 million. In October 2014, its market capitalization was around RM700 million.

Malaysian ringgit
The Malaysian ringgit ((/ˈrɪŋɡɪt/, Malaysian: [ˈriŋget]); plural: ringgit; symbol: RM; currency code: MYR; Malay name: Ringgit Malaysia; formerly the Malaysian dollar) is the currency of Malaysia. Issued by the Central Bank of Malaysia, it is divided into 100 cents (Malay: sen).
Ivy Hill (Marriottsville, Maryland)
Ivy Hill is a historic home and farm and plantation located in Marriottsville, Howard County, Maryland. 
The property was part of General William Hammond Marriott's property. Marriott would later become Speaker of the Maryland House of Delegates in 1822.
During the Civil War the farm was searched as the potential hiding place of 1st Maryland Infantry, CSA General Bradley Tyler Johnson, who was in the attic at the nearby Mt. Pleasant Farm.

1st Maryland Infantry Regiment (Confederate)
The 1st Maryland Infantry Regiment was a regiment of the Confederate army, formed shortly after the commencement of the American Civil War in April 1861. The unit was made up of volunteers from Maryland who, despite their home state remaining in the Union during the war, chose instead to fight for the Confederacy. The regiment saw action at the First Battle of Manassas, in the Shenandoah Valley Campaign, and in the Peninsular Campaign. It was mustered out of service in August 1862, its initial term of duty having expired. Many of its members, unable or unwilling to return to Union-occupied Maryland, went on to join a new regiment, the 2nd Maryland Infantry, CSA, which was formed in its place.
Rufous hornbill
The rufous hornbill (Buceros hydrocorax), also known as the Philippine hornbill and locally as kalaw (pronounced KAH-lau), is a large species of hornbill endemic to the Philippines (the largest hornbill in the country). They are referred by locals as the "clock-of-the-mountains" due to its large booming call which typically occurs every hour. They inhabit moist tropical lowland forest areas. They are now considered to be a threatened species. Its reasons for decline include habitat destruction, hunting and poaching for the illegal pet trade.

It is illegal to hunt, capture or possess rufous hornbills under Philippine Law RA 9147.

Casque (anatomy)
A casque is an anatomical feature found in some species of birds, reptiles, and amphibians. In birds, it is an enlargement of the bones of the upper mandible or the skull, either on the front of the face, the top of the head, or both. The casque has been hypothesized to serve as a visual cue to a bird's sex, state of maturity, or social status; as reinforcement to the beak's structure; or as a resonance chamber, enhancing calls. In addition, they may be used in combat with other members of the same species, in the gathering of food, or in thermoregulation.
Rapley
Rapley is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Curtis Rapley (born 1990), New Zealand rower

Frank Rapley (born 1937), New Zealand cricketer

Kevin Rapley (born 1977), British footballer

Teremoana Rapley (born 1973), New Zealand singer, MC and television presenter

Curtis Rapley
Curtis Rapley (born 5 December 1990) is a New Zealand rower.

At the 2013 World Rowing Championships held at Tangeum Lake, Chungju in South Korea, he won a silver medal in the lightweight men's four with James Hunter, James Lassche, and Peter Taylor. At the 2014 World Rowing Championships held at Bosbaan, Amsterdam, he won a silver medal in the lightweight men's four with James Hunter, Alistair Bond, and Peter Taylor.
William R. Hammer
William Roy Hammer is an American paleontologist who is co-credited with the discovery of the first carnivorous dinosaur unearthed in Antarctica, Cryolophosaurus, in 1991. He was professor of geology and curator of the Frxyell Geology Museum at Augustana College in Rock Island, IL from 1981 to 2017.

Rock Island, Illinois
Rock Island is a city in Rock Island County, Illinois, United States, and its county seat. The population was 37,108 at the 2020 census. Located at the confluence of the Rock and Mississippi rivers, it is one of the Quad Cities along with neighboring Moline and East Moline in Illinois and the cities of Davenport and Bettendorf in Iowa. The Quad Cities metropolitan area had a population of 384,324 in 2020.

The city is home to Rock Island Arsenal, the largest government-owned weapons manufacturing arsenal in the United States, which employs 6,000 people. The original Rock Island, from which the city name is derived, is now called Arsenal Island.
König's theorem
There are several theorems associated with the name König or Kőnig:

König's theorem (set theory), named after the Hungarian mathematician Gyula Kőnig.

König's theorem (complex analysis), named after the Hungarian mathematician Gyula Kőnig.

Kőnig's theorem (graph theory), named after his son Dénes Kőnig.

König's theorem (kinetics), named after the German mathematician Samuel König.

König's theorem (kinetics)
In kinetics, König's theorem or König's decomposition is a mathematical relation derived by Johann Samuel König that assists with the calculations of angular momentum and kinetic energy of bodies and systems of particles.
Phaq'u Q'awa (Moquegua-Tacna)
Phaq'u Q'awa is a 4,796-metre-high (15,735 ft) mountain in the Andes of southern Peru. It is located in the Moquegua Region, Mariscal Nieto Province, Carumas District, and in the Tacna Region, Candarave Province, Candarave District. It lies west of a lake named Aqhuya Ch'alla (Ajuachaya, Pasto Grande) and southeast of Wila Wilani (or Ch'ankha Qullu).

Department of Moquegua
Moquegua (Spanish pronunciation: [moˈkeɣwa] ⓘ; Mukiwa (Aymara); Muqiwa (Quechua)) is a department of Peru. It is located in the country's south, extending from the coast to its highlands. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is the city of Moquegua, which is among the main Peruvian cities for its high rates of GDP and national education.
Rothmann (crater)
Rothmann is an impact crater that is located in the southeastern part of the Moon's near side, about one crater diameter to the southwest of the Rupes Altai scarp. To the southwest is the slightly larger crater Lindenau.

This is a relatively fresh crater that is not significantly eroded. The outer rim is circular and is not overlaid by craters of note. The inner walls have slumped and formed terraces in places. The interior floor is somewhat irregular, and has a central rise near the midpoint.

Rothmann is a crater of Eratosthenian age.

Rothmann is named after German astronomer Christopher Rothmann.

Escarpment
An escarpment is a steep slope or long cliff that forms as a result of faulting or erosion and separates two relatively level areas having different elevations.

Similarity causes  the term scarp to be incorrectly used interchangeably with escarpment, which refers to the margin between two landforms as opposed to scarp, which refers to a cliff or a steep slope. In this usage, an escarpment is a ridge that has a gentle slope on one side and a steep scarp on the other side.

More loosely, the term scarp also describes a zone between a coastal lowland and a continental plateau that shows a marked, abrupt change in elevation caused by coastal erosion at the base of the plateau.
Kishiwada, Osaka
Kishiwada (岸和田市, Kishiwada-shi) is a city located in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. As of 24 September 2025, the city had an estimated population of 205,561 in roughly 90,822 households and a population density of 2,800 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 72.72 square kilometres (28.08 sq mi). The city is well known for its Danjiri Matsuri.

Cities of Japan
A city (市, shi) is a local administrative unit in Japan. Cities are ranked on the same level as towns (町, machi) and villages (村, mura), with the difference that they are not a component of districts (郡, gun). Like other contemporary administrative units, they are defined by the Local Autonomy Law of 1947.
Sherman Silber
Sherman J. Silber is physician specializing in the field of infertility. He invented many of the infertility treatments in use today in the domain of IVF, sperm retrieval, ICSI, vasectomy reversal, tubal ligation reversal, egg and embryo freezing, ovary transplantation, and the reproductive biological clock. He performed the world's first ovary and testicle transplants, created and popularized the microsurgical vasectomy reversal, and popularized ovarian tissue freezing to preserve female fertility. He was the first to research the genetic causes of infertility in men, and developed the TESE-ICSI technique for extracting sperm from men with low or nonexistent sperm counts and direct injection of the sperm into the egg. Additionally, Silber has studied fertility in animals and performed microscopic surgery on chimpanzees, South American bush dogs, Przewalski's horse, gorillas, wolves, and other endangered species.

Tubal ligation
Tubal ligation (commonly known as having one's "tubes tied") is a surgical procedure for female sterilization in which the fallopian tubes are permanently blocked, clipped or removed. This prevents the fertilization of eggs by sperm and thus the implantation of a fertilized egg. Tubal ligation is considered a permanent method of sterilization and birth control by the FDA. Bilateral tubal ligation is not considered a sterilization method by the MHRA.
Bald Peak State Scenic Viewpoint
Bald Peak State Scenic Viewpoint is a state park located atop Bald Peak located in Yamhill County, in the United States. The day use only park offers picnic tables and a hiking trail for views of the Willamette Valley and the Cascade Range. The state of Oregon acquired the 26 acres (11 ha) in 1931, after Yamhill and Washington counties requested a park from the state.

Yamhill County, Oregon
Yamhill County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 107,722. The county seat is McMinnville. Yamhill County was named after the Yamhelas, members of the Kalapuya Tribe.

Yamhill County is part of the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is in the Willamette Valley.
Jina (Korean name)
Jina and Jinah are Roman-alphabet spellings of two homophonous Korean given names with different hangul spellings 지나 and 진아.

People with this name include:

Shim Yi-young (born Kim Jin-ah, 1980), South Korean actress

Kang Jin-a (born 1981), South Korean film director

Lee Jin-a (born 1985), South Korean tennis player

Nana (singer) (born Im Jin-ah, 1991), South Korean singer, member of girl group After School

Lee Jin-ah (born 1991), South Korean singer

Kwon Jin-ah (born 1997), South Korean singer and guitarist

Song Ji-na (born 1959), South Korean screenwriter

Choi Ji-na (born 1975), South Korean actress

G.NA, (born Gina Jane Choi, 1987), Korean Canadian singer

Kwon Jin-ah
Kwon Jin-ah (Korean: 권진아; born July 18, 1997) is a South Korean singer-songwriter and guitarist. She began her music career after winning third place on SBS' K-pop Star 3 in 2014 and subsequently signing to Antenna Music. She debuted in 2016, with the studio album One Strange Night.