hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tessa Rajak
Tessa Rajak (née Goldsmith, born 2 August 1946 in London) is a British historian and Emeritus Professor of Ancient history at the University of Reading. She is also a Senior Associate of the Oxford Centre for Hebrew and Jewish Studies and Fellow of Somerville College, Oxford. Her research focuses primarily on Judaism in the Hellenistic and Roman periods, and she is an expert on the writings of Josephus.

Oxford Centre for Hebrew and Jewish Studies
The Oxford Centre for Hebrew and Jewish Studies (OCHJS) is a recognised independent centre of the University of Oxford, England. Its research fellows teach on a variety of undergraduate and master's degrees in Oriental studies, and it publishes the Journal of Jewish Studies.
Durreck
The Durreck (3,135 m, also called the Durreckspitze, Italian: Cima Dura) is the highest mountain in the Durreck Group, a South Tyrolean range that divides the Ahrntal valley in the north from the Reintal valley in the south.

Tauferer Ahrntal
The Tauferer Ahrntal denotes the valley of the Ahr (Italian: Aurino) River, a tributary valley of the Puster Valley in South Tyrol, Italy. It is commonly divided into the Tauferer Tal (Val di Tures), stretching from the confluence with the Rienz River near Bruneck up to Sand in Taufers, and the Ahrntal (Valle Aurina) proper up to the source in Prettau.
Arcadi Volodos
Arcadi Arcadievich Volodos (Аркадий Аркадьевич Володось, born 24 February 1972) is a Russian-born French pianist. One of the world's most acclaimed pianists, he has won such awards as the Echo Klassik, Gramophone Award, Diapason d'Or, and Edison Award for his discography. Particularly known for his commanding technique, rich tonal palette, and interpretive depth, Volodos has especially earned critical praise for his performances of Romantic and post-Romantic repertoire.

Edison Award
The Edison Award is an annual Dutch music prize awarded for outstanding achievements in the music industry. It is comparable to the American Grammy Award. The Edison award itself is a bronze replica of a statuette of Thomas Edison, designed by the Dutch sculptor Pieter d'Hont. It is one of the oldest music awards in the world, first presented in 1960 at the inaugural Grand Gala du Disque.
Hood (headgear)
A hood is a type of headgear or headwear that covers most of the head and neck, and sometimes the face. It may be either a separate item of dress or part of a piece of clothing that may be pulled up to cover the head. Hoods that cover mainly the sides and top of the head, and leave the face mostly or partly open may be worn for protection from the environment (typically cold weather or rain), for fashion, as a form of traditional dress or uniform, or in the case of knights, an armoured hood is used for protection against bladed weapons. In some cases, hoods are used to prevent the wearer from seeing where they are going (e.g., in cases where a prisoner is hooded). Hoods with eye holes may be used for religious purposes to prevent the wearer from being seen. In the case of Ku Klux Klan members, terrorists, or criminals such as robbers, a hood with eye holes helps prevent identification.

Gable hood
A gable hood, English hood or gable headdress is an English woman's headdress of c. 1500–1550, so called because its pointed shape resembles the architectural feature of the same name. The contemporary French hood was rounded in outline and unlike the gable hood, less conservative, displaying the frontal part of the wearer's hair.
Muskrat Scrambler
Muskrat Scrambler was a steel roller coaster located at Six Flags New Orleans in Louisiana. The attraction was a "wild mouse" style coaster. The ride opened in the Jazzland section of the park on May 20, 2000. Following the devastation to the amusement park in August 2005 by Hurricane Katrina, the roller coaster ceased operation following the park's closure but remained standing until its demolition in 2024.

Steel roller coaster
A steel roller coaster is a type of roller coaster classified by its steel track, which consists of long steel tubes that are run in pairs, supported by larger steel columns or beams. Trains running along the track typically rely on wheels made of polyurethane or nylon to keep each train car anchored to the track. The introduction of tubular steel drastically changed roller coaster innovation, allowing for greater speeds, higher drops, and more intense elements such as inversions.

Arrow Dynamics is credited with inventing tubular steel track and introducing the first modern steel coaster with the opening of Matterhorn Bobsleds at Disneyland in 1959. Older steel-tracked coasters existed previously in a simpler form, such as Little Dipper at Memphis Kiddie Park in Brooklyn, Ohio, which is the oldest operating steel coaster in North America. The oldest in the world is Montaña Suiza at Parque de Atracciones Monte Igueldo (Spain), which has been operating since 1928.
Brazilian ship Nictheroy
Nictheroy, also spelled Nichteroy, an old spelling of Niterói, is the name of the following ships of the Brazilian Navy:

Brazilian frigate Nichteroy, a fifth-rate frigate in service 1823–1836 during the Brazilian War of Independence

Brazilian corvette Nichteroy, an armored corvette launched in 1862 and decommissioned in 1891

Brazilian cruiser Nictheroy, an auxiliary cruiser in service 1893–1898, sold to the United States and became USS Buffalo

Brazilian frigate Niterói, lead Niterói-class frigate, in commission 1976–2019

Armed merchantman
An armed merchantman is a merchant ship equipped with guns, usually for defensive purposes, either by design or after the fact. In the days of sail, piracy and privateers, many merchantmen would be routinely armed, especially those engaging in long distance and high value trade. In more modern times, auxiliary cruisers were used offensively as merchant raiders to disrupt trade chiefly during both World War I and World War II, particularly by Germany.

While armed merchantmen are clearly inferior to purpose-built warships, sometimes they have scored successes in combat against them. Examples include East Indiamen mimicking ships of the line and chasing off regular French warships in the Battle of Pulo Aura in 1804, and the German auxiliary cruiser Kormoran sinking the Australian light cruiser HMAS Sydney in their battle in 1941, although Kormoran was also destroyed and had to be scuttled.
Hall of Four Heavenly Kings
The Hall of Four Heavenly Kings is a building in East Asian Buddhist temples and the first important hall inside a shanmen (mount gate) in most Chinese and Korean Buddhist temples as well as temples in the Japanese Ōbaku Zen tradition. It is typically named due to the Four Heavenly Kings statues enshrined in the hall. In Chinese Buddhist temples, they are usually termed the Tianwang dian or Tianwang Hall. In Japanese Buddhist temples, they are usually termed the Tennō-den. In Korean Buddhist temples, they are usually termed the Cheonwangmun.

Ōbaku
Ōbaku Zen or the Ōbaku school (Japanese: 黄檗宗, romanized: Ōbaku-shū) is one of three main schools of Japanese Zen Buddhism, in addition to the Sōtō and Rinzai schools. The school was founded in Japan by the Chinese monk Ingen Ryūki, who immigrated to Japan during the Manchu conquest of China in the 17th century.

It had a strong influence on Japanese Rinzai, which partly adopted Ōbaku practices, and partly renewed older practices in response to the Ōbaku school.
Lee Moves North
Lee Moves North, originally titled Lee at Gettysburg and subtitled "The Confederate Summer Offensive, 1862 & 1863", is a board wargame published by Simulations Publications Inc. (SPI) in 1972 that simulates Robert E. Lee's summer offenses of 1862 and 1863 during the American Civil War

Simulations Publications, Inc.
Simulations Publications, Inc. (SPI) was an American publisher of board wargames and related magazines, particularly its flagship Strategy & Tactics, in the 1970s and early 1980s. It produced an enormous number of games and introduced innovative practices, changing the course of the wargaming hobby in its bid to take control of the hobby away from then-dominant Avalon Hill. SPI ran out of cash in early 1982 when TSR called in a loan secured by SPI's assets. TSR began selling SPI's inventory in 1982, but later acquired the company's trademarks and copyrights in 1983 and continued a form of the operation until 1987.
Elaine Mitchener
Elaine Samantha Mitchener MBE is a British-Caribbean experimental vocalist, composer, and movement artist. A member of the avant-garde group Apartment House and the electroacoustic act Rolling Calf. She attended the Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance in London and was later mentored by opera singer Jacqueline Straubinger-Bremar. Her 2017 "cross-disciplinary music piece" Sweet Tooth debuted at St George's, Bloomsbury. Commissioned by the Bluecoat Arts Centre, the International Slavery Museum, and the Stuart Hall Foundation, it pertains to slavery in the British Empire, with a focus on the sugar industry. In 2021, she performed NAMES II—a "roll-call of the 2,000 enslaved African people owned by an 18th century Jamaican sugar planter"—at the British Art Show. Mitchener is an associate artist at Wigmore Hall until 2026.

Mitchener was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2022 Birthday Honours for services to music.

Avant-garde music
Avant-garde music is music that is considered to be at the forefront of innovation in its field, with the term avant-garde implying a critique of existing aesthetic conventions, rejection of the status quo in favor of unique or original elements, and the idea of deliberately challenging or alienating audiences. Avant-garde music may be distinguished from experimental music by the way it adopts an extreme position within a certain tradition, whereas experimental music lies outside tradition.
Niedoń
Niedoń [ˈɲɛdɔɲ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Błaszki, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south of Błaszki, 20 km (12 mi) west of Sieradz, and 73 km (45 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Sieradz County
Sieradz County (Polish: powiat sieradzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Sieradz, which lies 54 kilometres (34 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź. The county contains three other towns: Złoczew, lying 23 km (14 mi) south-west of Sieradz, Warta, lying 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Sieradz, and Błaszki, 23 km (14 mi) west of Sieradz.

The county covers an area of 1,491.04 square kilometres (575.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 121,013, out of which the population of Sieradz is 44,045, that of Złoczew is 3,403, that of Warta is 3,388, that of Błaszki is 2,179, and the rural population is 67,998.
Bartlett's Harbour
Bartlett's Harbour  is a local service district and designated place in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador that is northeast of Pointe Riche on the island of Newfoundland. There was a lobster packing establishment and the Reid-Newfoundland Steamers called weekly by 1911. The village became a Canadian Post Office in 1949, on April 1. It was served by the C.N.R Express after June 1953. It had a population of 50 in 1911, 57 by 1940, 106 in 1951 and 146 in 1956.

Point Riche
The Headland of Point Riche is located near the community of Port au Choix on the Great Northern Peninsula of the island of Newfoundland in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

Point Riche to Cape Bonavista was the northernmost defining point on the Newfoundland coastline, where the French could fish around the coast of Newfoundland, an area called the French Shore. The French fishing rights were first defined in the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713. This area had been frequented by fishermen from Brittany since the early 16th century. In the 1783 Treaty of Versailles, the boundary points of the French Shore were changed to Cape St. John and Cape Ray. In 1904, the French relinquished all their rights to the French Shore, as part of the Entente Cordiale.

The point is marked by the Point Riche Lighthouse, a wooden lighthouse which was constructed in 1871 and replaced with stone lighthouse in 1892.
Conservation and restoration of Judaica
Objects used in Jewish rituals are known collectively as Judaica. The conservation and restoration of Judaica takes into account the collective body of Jewish religious laws derived from the written and oral Torah known as halacha in order to properly care for these materials. This work involves identifying these objects and therefore knowing how any of these objects are traditionally handled, stored, exhibited, and generally cared for based on their use and significance.

Etrog
Etrog (Hebrew: אֶתְרוֹג, plural: etrogim; Ashkenazi Hebrew: esrog, plural: esrogim), also spelled esrog is the yellow citron (Citrus medica) used by Jews during the weeklong holiday of Sukkot as one of the four species. Together with the lulav, hadass, and aravah, the etrog is taken in hand and held or waved during specific portions of the holiday prayers. Special care is often given to selecting an etrog for the performance of the Sukkot holiday rituals.
Governor of Lviv Oblast
The governor of Lviv Oblast is the head of executive branch for the Lviv Oblast.

The office of governor is an appointed position, with officeholders being appointed by the president of Ukraine, on recommendation from the prime minister of Ukraine.

The official residence for the governor is in Lviv. The governor is Maksym Kozytskyy, he was appointed on February 5, 2020.

Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast (Ukrainian: Львівська область, romanized: Lvivska oblast, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (Ukrainian: Львівщина, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast in western Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is 2,478,133 (2022 estimate).
Wedge Peak (Alaska)
Wedge Peak is a 9,941-foot (3,030 m) mountain in the Alaska Range, in Denali National Park and Preserve. Wedge Peak lies to the northeast of Denali overlooking Brooks Glacier and Muldrow Glacier. Mount Mather (Alaska) is immediately to the east. The peak was named in 1945 by the U.S. Army Air Force cold weather test expedition.

Denali National Park and Preserve
Denali National Park and Preserve, formerly known as Mount McKinley National Park, is a United States national park and preserve located in Interior Alaska, centered on Denali, the highest mountain in North America. The park and contiguous preserve encompass 6,045,153 acres (2,446,387 ha; 9,446 sq mi; 24,464 km2) which is larger than the state of New Hampshire. On December 2, 1980, 2,146,580-acre (3,354 sq mi; 8,687 km2) of Mount McKinley's Wilderness was established within the park. Denali's landscape is a mix of forest at the lowest elevations, including deciduous taiga, with tundra at middle elevations, and glaciers, snow, and bare rock at the highest elevations. The longest glacier is Kahiltna Glacier. Wintertime activities include dog sledding, cross-country skiing, and snowmobiling. The park received 594,660 recreational visitors in 2018.
Cardiocrinum cordatum
Cardiocrinum cordatum, known as turep in the Ainu languages, is a Northeast Asian species of plant in the lily family. It is native to Japan and to certain Russian islands in the Sea of Okhotsk (Sakhalin, Kuril Islands).

Because of its large, showy flowers, Cardiocrinum cordatum is sometimes cultivated as an ornamental in regions outside its native range, though not as frequently as the related C. giganteum.

The Ainu, a group indigenous to Hokkaido, harvested the bulbs. Starch was extracted and used to create a form of dumpling, a staple of Ainu cuisine.

The plant has reportedly become naturalized in the State of Maryland, in the eastern United States.

Ainu languages
The Ainu languages (/ˈaɪnuː/ EYE-noo), sometimes known as Ainuic, is a small language family, often regarded as a language family isolate, historically spoken by the Ainu people of northern Japan and neighboring islands, up to the southern tip of the Kamchatka Peninsula.

The primary varieties of Ainu are alternately considered a group of closely related languages or divergent dialects of a single language isolate. Toponymic evidence suggests Ainu was once spoken in northern Honshu and that much of the historically attested extent of the family was due to a relatively recent expansion northward. No genealogical relationship between Ainu and any other language family has been demonstrated, despite numerous attempts.

Kuril Ainu was declared extinct in 1962, Sakhalin Ainu in 1994, and Hokkaido Ainu sometime before 2017. A revitalization effort is currently ongoing for the Hokkaido Ainu language.
On Orbit Mission Control
The On-Orbit Mission Control will be conducted by the Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd ground site in Guildford, UK. The United States Air Force Academy at Colorado Springs, Colorado will operate a backup ground station for PicoSAT satellite to increase the amount of experimental data.

On-Orbit Mission Control consists of four packages on PicoSat 9:

Polymer Battery Experiment, a plastic battery technology demonstration  funded by Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory

Ionospheric Occultation Experiment, a horizontal electron density mapping of the ionosphere funded by the United States Air Force and The Aerospace Corporation

Coherent Electromagnetic Radio Tomography, a vertical electron density mapping of the ionosphere funded by the Naval Research Laboratory

Optical Precision Platform Experiment, an anti-vibration platform demonstration funded by the Air Force Research Laboratory

Ionosphere
The ionosphere (/aɪˈɒnəˌsfɪər/) is the ionized part of the upper atmosphere of Earth, from about 48 km (30 mi) to 965 km (600 mi) above sea level, a region that includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere. The ionosphere is ionized by solar radiation. It plays an important role in atmospheric electricity and forms the inner edge of the magnetosphere. It has practical importance because, among other functions, it influences radio propagation to distant places on Earth. Travel through this layer also impacts GPS signals, resulting in effects such as deflection in their path and delay in the arrival of the signal.
Vanessa Quinones
Vanessa Contenay-Quinones (born Vanessa Lydia Eve Contenay in Paris, France) is a London-based singer-songwriter from Paris. She is a member of the band Vanessa and the O's and is currently releasing solo records in collaboration with UK based duo Skeewiff, under the name Vanessa Contenay-Quinones. She was also briefly known as Vanessa St. James in 2002–03 working with Brian Higgins and Nick Coler (as the duo Mr. Joshua), and Lou Reed.

Brian Higgins (producer)
Brian Thomas Higgins (born November 4, 1966) is a British record producer and songwriter who has written and produced albums and tracks for several successful pop music singers and groups, including Girls Aloud, S Club 7, Sugababes, and the Saturdays, through his Xenomania production team. Miranda Cooper is a key collaborator who has co-writing credits in nearly all Xenomania-created tracks.

His musical style has been described as part electro, part power pop, part basic pop, with elements of new wave, rave and dance found in many of his collaborations.
Kleine Emme
The Kleine Emme is a river of the canton of Lucerne, Switzerland, a left tributary of the Reuss extending for 58 km, draining a basin of 478 km². It is not to be confused with the Emme of the canton of Bern. The Kleine Emme rises as the Waldemme in the southwestern corner of the canton of Obwalden, in the Brienzer Rothorn massif at the Emmensprung, flowing north-west along the Mariental, past Sörenberg. Turning north, it enters the Entlebuch region, where it is joined by the Weissemme near Schüpfheim and by the Entlen at Entlebuch.
After receiving the Fontannen, it turns to the east at Wolhusen where it is joined by the Wigger and later by the Rümlig. From here, it flows parallel to the Pilatus chain, past Malters, joining the Reuss at Emmen, 2 km downstream of Lake Lucerne.

Lake Lucerne
Lake Lucerne (German: Vierwaldstättersee, literally 'Lake of the four forested settlements' (in English usually translated as forest cantons); French: lac des Quatre-Cantons; Italian: lago dei Quattro Cantoni) is a lake in central Switzerland and the fourth largest in the country.
Sally Casswell
Sally Casswell ONZM is a New Zealand academic, and as of 2019 is a full professor at the Massey University. She is a member of the WHO Expert Advisory Panel on Drug Dependence and Alcohol Problems and is Chair of the Scientific Advisory Board of the Global Alcohol Policy Alliance, and former Vice-President of the Kettil Bruun Society. She is a Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand and an Officer of the Order of New Zealand.

Order of New Zealand
The Order of New Zealand is the highest honour in the New Zealand royal honours system, created "to recognise outstanding service to the Crown and people of New Zealand in a civil or military capacity". It was instituted by royal warrant on 6 February 1987. The order is modelled on the Order of Merit and the Order of the Companions of Honour.
Arthur W. Wermuth
Arthur William Wermuth Jr. (May 3, 1915 – June 13, 1981), dubbed the "One-Man Army of Bataan", was a United States Army officer during World War II and a prisoner of war from April 1942 until August 1945.

Bataan
Bataan (/bɑːtɑːˈʔɑːn/, /bɑːˈtɑːn/, IPA: [bɐtɐˈʔan]), officially the Province of Bataan, is a province in the Central Luzon region of the Philippines. Its capital is the city of Balanga while Mariveles is the largest town in the province. Occupying the entire Bataan Peninsula on Luzon, Bataan is bordered by the provinces of Zambales and Pampanga to the north. The peninsula faces the South China Sea to the west and Subic Bay to the north-west, and encloses Manila Bay to the east.

The Battle of Bataan is known in history as one of the last stands of American and Filipino soldiers before they were overwhelmed by the Japanese forces in World War II. The Bataan Death March was named after the province, where the infamous march started.
Monica Rial filmography
Monica Rial is an American voice actress who made her debut in 1999. Among the list exclusive to either main characters she has played, or minor characters with recurring roles, Rial has voiced the leading or supporting roles of Bulma in Dragon Ball, Tsuyu Asui (Froppy) in My Hero Academia, Mirajane Strauss in Fairy Tail, Tanya von Degurechaff in The Saga of Tanya the Evil and Suu in Monster Musume.

Monica Rial
Monica Jean Rial (born October 5, 1975) is an American voice actress and ADR script writer affiliated with Funimation/Crunchyroll, ADV Films/Sentai Filmworks and Toei Animation USA. She provides voices for English-language versions of Japanese anime films and television series.
Irine Melikishvili
Irine Melikishvili (Georgian: ირინე მელიქიშვილი; May 29, 1943 – December 2, 2013) was a Georgian linguist.  From 2000 she was Professor of Comparative linguistics and Phonetics at Javakishvili Tbilisi State University in Tbilisi, Georgia.

Comparative linguistics
Comparative linguistics is a branch of historical linguistics that is concerned with comparing languages to establish their historical relatedness.

Genetic relatedness implies a common origin or proto-language and comparative linguistics aims to construct language families, to reconstruct proto-languages and specify the changes that have resulted in the documented languages. To maintain a clear distinction between attested and reconstructed forms, comparative linguists prefix an asterisk to any form that is not found in surviving texts. A number of methods for carrying out language classification have been developed, ranging from simple inspection to computerised hypothesis testing. Such methods have gone through a long process of development.