hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Goodman's Croft
The Goodman's Croft was a superstition common in 16th and 17th century Great Britain, particularly in Scotland. It was also known as the Guideman's Grunde, Halyman's Croft, Goodman's Fauld, Gi'en Rig, Deevil's Craft, Clooties Craft, and the Black Faulie. The practice consisted of leaving a portion of cultivable land untilled and devoting it to a supernatural being in the hopes of placating it and ensuring good fortune. Many crofters left patches of land untilled to ensure that their livelihood would thrive. If a crofter was to cultivate this land, it was believed that it would bring bad fortune, particularly in the form of cattle diseases.

Croft (land)
A croft is a traditional Scottish term for a fenced or enclosed area of land. It is usually small and arable, and typically, though not always, includes a crofter's dwelling. A crofter is a person who has tenure and use of the land, typically as a tenant farmer in rural areas.

In Northern England, "crofter" was a term associated with tenant farming and rural employment. For example, in the textiles industry, it referred to someone who bleached cloth prior to dyeing by laying it out in fields known as "crofts".
Dreamline
"Dreamline" is a song by the Canadian rock band Rush. It was released as a single and on their 1991 album Roll the Bones. The song peaked at number one on the U.S. Mainstream Rock Tracks chart.

Bassist and singer Geddy Lee said: "I love the spirit of 'Dreamline' and the way Neil captures that feeling of wanderlust and invulnerability that comes in a particular trying time in your life."

Roll the Bones
Roll the Bones is the fourteenth studio album by Canadian rock band Rush, released September 3, 1991, on Anthem Records. The band began working on the album after a brief creative hiatus following the tour promoting their previous release, Presto (1989).

Roll the Bones was a return to commercial success for the band, reaching No. 3 in the United States, No. 10 in the UK, and No. 11 in Canada. The album won a Juno Award for Best Album Design at the 1992 Juno Awards. In August 2001, the album was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America for selling one million copies in the US. It was remastered in 2004 and again in 2013 as part of The Studio Albums 1989–2007 box set. In 2015, it was reissued after being remastered by Sean Magee at Abbey Road Studios, following a direct approach by Rush to remaster their entire back catalogue.
Scholtes
Scholtes is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brigitte Scholtes (born 1958), German radio journalist

Peter Scholtes (1938–2009), American Roman Catholic priest and writer

Richard Scholtes, United States Army general

Tessy Scholtes (born 1981), Luxembourgian karateka and politician

Peter Scholtes
Peter Raymond Scholtes (November 20, 1938 – July 11, 2009) was a priest, consultant, and author. In the 1960s, as a parish priest and choral conductor, Scholtes wrote the hymn "They'll Know We Are Christians by Our Love" for an ecumenical event.

By the 1980s, Scholtes had left the priesthood and become a business management consultant and author. He co-authored The Team Handbook, which was named one of The 100 Best Business Books of All Time. His best-known book is The Leader's Handbook, from 1998.

Scholtes was a colleague of W. Edwards Deming and was a recipient of the Deming Award in 2006.
Steve McNulty
Stephen Michael McNulty (born 26 September 1983) is an English professional footballer and coach who was most recently manager of Northern Premier League Division One West side Bootle. He has played in the English Football League for Fleetwood Town, Luton Town and Tranmere Rovers.

McNulty has achieved six promotions with four clubs: captaining Barrow into the Conference Premier and Fleetwood Town into both the Conference Premier and League Two, as part of the Luton Town team that won promotion to League Two in the 2013–14 season, and captaining the Tranmere Rovers team that was promoted into League Two in 2017–18 and League One in 2018–19, both via the playoffs.

2018–19 EFL League Two
The 2018–19 EFL League Two (referred to as the Sky Bet League Two for sponsorship reasons) was the 15th season of Football League Two under its current title and the 26th season under its current league division format.
Stara Syniava
Stara Syniava (Ukrainian: Стара Синява) is a rural settlement in Khmelnytskyi Raion, Khmelnytskyi Oblast, western Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Stara Syniava settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The settlement's population was 5,961 as of the 2001 Ukrainian Census. Current population: 5,084 (2022 estimate).

The settlement, previously named Syniava, received the Magdeburg rights in 1543. In 1956, the town received the status of an urban-type settlement.

Magdeburg rights
Magdeburg rights (German: Magdeburger Recht, Polish: Prawo magdeburskie, Lithuanian: Magdeburgo teisė; also called Magdeburg law) were a set of town privileges first developed by Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor (936–973), which regulated the degree of internal autonomy within cities and villages granted by the local ruler. Named after the city of Magdeburg and based on Roman municipal and universal merchant traditions, these town charters were perhaps the most important set of medieval laws in Central Europe. They became the basis for the German town laws developed during many centuries in the Holy Roman Empire.  The Magdeburg rights were adopted and adapted by numerous monarchs, including the rulers of Bohemia, Hungary, Poland, and Lithuania, a milestone in the urbanization of the region which prompted the development of thousands of villages and cities.
Sai oua
Sai oua, sometimes also known as Laotian sausage (Lao: ໄສ້ອັ່ວ, pronounced [sȁj ʔūa], also sai ua: Thai: ไส้อั่ว, pronounced [sâj ʔùa]; Northern Thai: ไส้อั่ว, pronounced [sa᷇j ʔùa]; Northeastern Thai: ไส้อั่ว, pronounced [sàj ʔúa]), is a popular type of sausage made in Laos, Myanmar, and Thailand, particularly in northern Thailand and northern Laos. It is prepared from coarsely chopped fatty pork seasoned with lemongrass, galangal, kaffir lime leaves, shallots, cilantro, chilies, garlic, salt, sticky rice and fish sauce.

"Lao sausage" is a broad term used to describe the local variant of Lao-style sai oua sausages found in Laos, and northern and northeastern Thailand. In Shan State, Myanmar, this sausage is known as sai long phik. In Thailand, it is also known as northern Thai sausage or Chiang Mai sausage. Sai oua is a standard food of Thailand's northern provinces and has become popular in the rest of Thailand as well.

Shallot
The shallot /ʃəˈlɒt/ is a cultivar group of the onion. Until 2010, the (French red) shallot was classified as a separate species, Allium ascalonicum. The taxon was synonymized with Allium cepa (the common onion) in 2010, as the difference was too small to justify a separate species.

As part of the onion genus Allium, its close relatives include garlic, scallions, leeks, chives, and the Chinese onion.
Puslinch, Ontario
Puslinch (/ˈpʊslɪntʃ/) is a township in south-central Ontario, Canada, in Wellington County, surrounding the south end of Guelph. The main source of production is agricultural, spring water bottling and mining.  Aggregate mining has been dominant throughout the county.  About half of the township is forested, and a conservation area lies to the southwest. Near the western edge of the township, just outside Cambridge, Ontario, is Puslinch Lake, the largest kettle lake in North America. It is part of the Guelph census metropolitan area.

The township has its own strategic plan, with the current version dated 2015 to 2020. Its mission statement is "Progressing together to provide reliable and sustainable services to our residents, businesses and visitors. We will protect our resources while respectfully building upon our heritage as a safe, fun and prosperous rural community."

Aberfoyle, Stirling
Aberfoyle (Scottish Gaelic: Obar Phuill) is a village in the historic county and registration county of Perthshire and the council area of Stirling, Scotland. The settlement lies 27 miles (43 kilometres) north of Glasgow.

The parish of Aberfoyle takes its name from this village, and had a population of 1,065 at the 2011 census.
IEEE 1613
IEEE-1613 is the IEEE standard detailing environmental and testing requirements for communications networking devices in electric power substations.  The standard is sponsored by the IEEE Power & Energy Society.

IEEE Power & Energy Society
The IEEE Power & Energy Society (IEEE PES), formerly the IEEE Power Engineering Society, is the oldest society of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) focused on the scientific and engineering knowledge about electric power and energy.
Magenta (EP)
Magenta (stylized MAGENTA) is the third extended play (EP) by South Korean singer and songwriter Kang Daniel. It was released on August 3, 2020, by Konnect Entertainment and distributed by Sony Music Korea. Magenta contains six tracks with "Who U Are" as its lead single. "Waves" featuring Simon Dominic and Jamie was pre-released on July 27.

Simon Dominic
Jung Ki-suck (Korean: 정기석; born 9 March 1984), better known by his stage name Simon Dominic (Korean: 사이먼 도미닉), is a South Korean rapper. He debuted in 2009 as a member of the hip-hop duo Supreme Team, which disbanded in 2013. As a solo artist, he has released two studio albums: Simon Dominic Presents: SNL League Begins (2011) and Darkroom (2018), and two extended plays: Won & Only (2015) and No Open Flames (2019).

In addition to rapping, Simon Dominic was the co-CEO of hip hop record label AOMG from 2014 to 2018. He was also a cast member on South Korean variety shows, including Show Me the Money 5 (2016) and I Live Alone (2018).
Blind (surname)
Blind is a Dutch, English, and German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Daley Blind (born 1990), Dutch footballer

Danny Blind (born 1961), Dutch footballer and coach

Karl Blind (1826–1907), German revolutionist and writer

Knut Blind (born 1965), German economist

Mathilde Blind (1841–1896, born as Mathilda Cohen), German-English writer

Roswitha Blind, German mathematician

Danny Blind
Dirk Franciscus "Danny" Blind (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdɪr(ə)k frɑnˈsɪskʏz ˈdɛni ˈblɪnt]; born 1 August 1961) is a Dutch former football player and coach. He played as a defender for Sparta Rotterdam, Ajax and the Netherlands national team. As coach he has managed Ajax and the Netherlands national team.

He is one of only two Dutch players, together with Arnold Mühren, to have won all UEFA club competitions.
Bucharest Symphony Orchestra
The Bucharest Symphony Orchestra is a Romanian orchestra based in Bucharest, founded in 2006 by the Philson Young Association. In 2022, John Axelrod was appointed Principal Conductor of the Bucharest Symphony Orchestra. Previously, Jin Wang (2017–2019) and Benoît Fromanger occupied the leading musical position (2011–2017). Between 2006 and 2012, Bucharest Symphony Orchestra performed in concert halls such as the Romanian Athenaeum, National Theatre Bucharest, Romanian National Opera and Sala Palatului.

Sala Palatului
Sala Palatului  (Palace Hall) in Bucharest, Romania is a conference centre and concert hall immediately behind the National Museum of Art of Romania, the former royal palace in the heart of the city. It was built between 1959 and 1960, during the communist era, as part of an architectural ensemble that includes 9 other buildings, called Piața Sălii Palatului (the Palace Hall Square). Over time, it has hosted various conferences such as the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, World Population Conference, World Energy Congress, and the World Congress of the Red Cross.

It is now also used as a general conference and convention center and as a concert venue for events such as the George Enescu Festival.

The main hall has a capacity of above 4,000 people. In addition to it, the foyer of the auditorium has a surface area of 2,000 m2 and is used as an exhibition space. There are also eight small conference rooms for meetings of between 20 and 100 people.
Yishan Road station
Yishan Road (Chinese: 宜山路; pinyin: Yíshān Lù) is the name of an interchange station between Lines 3, 4 and 9 on the Shanghai Metro. It is the southernmost station shared by Line 3 and Line 4, although the two lines do not share tracks (the Line 4 station is underground).

The station opened on 26 December 2000 as part of the initial section of Line 3, from Shanghai South Railway Station to Jiangwan Town. The interchange with Line 4 opened on the final day of 2005, and the interchange with Line 9 opened on the final day of 2009 as part of that line's downtown section from Yishan Road to Century Avenue.

While the Line 4 platform was formerly in a separate area from the platforms of Lines 3 and 9, the three platforms of all three lines are now connected via an underground passageway.

Shanghai Metro
The Shanghai Metro (Chinese: 上海地铁; pinyin: Shànghǎi Dìtiě; Shanghainese: Zaon6he5 Di6thiq7) is a rapid transit system in Shanghai, operating urban and suburban transit services to 14 of its 16 municipal districts and to the neighboring township of Huaqiao, in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province.

Forming the vast majority of the broader, multi-operator Shanghai rail transit network, the Shanghai Metro system is the world's second longest metro system by route length, totaling 808 kilometres (502 mi) and the second largest system by number of stations, with 506 stations across 19 lines (408, if stations connected by transfers are counted as single stations). It also ranks first in the world by annual ridership, with 3.88 billion rides delivered in 2019. The last daily ridership record was set on 9 March 2024, at 13.39 million rides. Ridership routinely stands at over 10 million on an average workday, accounting for 73% of trips on public transport in the city.
Jakobi Meyers
Jakobi Meyers (born November 9, 1996) is an American professional football wide receiver for the Jacksonville Jaguars of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the NC State Wolfpack and signed with the New England Patriots as an undrafted free agent in 2019.

NC State Wolfpack football
The NC State Wolfpack football team represents North Carolina State University in the sport of American football. The Wolfpack competes in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). Prior to joining the ACC in 1953, the Wolfpack were a member of the Southern Conference. As a founding member of the ACC, the Wolfpack has won seven conference championships and participated in 34 bowl games, of which the team has won 17. NC State is coached by Dave Doeren.

Since 1966, the Wolfpack has played its home games at Carter–Finley Stadium, the largest college football stadium in North Carolina. On September 16, 2010, NC State restored the tradition of having a live mascot on the field.  A wolf-like Tamaskan Dog named
"Tuffy" was on the sidelines for the Cincinnati game that day in Raleigh and Tuffy has not missed a Wolfpack football game in Carter–Finley Stadium since.
Frog battery
A frog battery is an electrochemical battery consisting of a number of dead frogs (or sometimes live ones), which form the cells of the battery connected in a series arrangement.  It is a kind of biobattery.  It was used in early scientific investigations of electricity and academic demonstrations.

The principle behind the battery is the injury potential created in a muscle when it is damaged, although this was not fully understood in the 18th and 19th centuries; the potential being caused incidentally due to the dissection of the frog's muscles.

The frog battery is an example of a class of biobatteries which can be made from any number of animals.  The general term for an example of this class is the muscular pile.

The first well-known frog battery was created by Carlo Matteucci in 1845, but there had been others before him.  Matteucci also created batteries out of other animals, and Giovanni Aldini created a battery from ox heads.

Biobattery
A biobattery is an energy storing device that is powered by organic compounds. Although the batteries have never been commercially sold, they are still being tested, and several research teams and engineers are working to further advance the development of these batteries.
Schoenoplectiella
Schoenoplectiella is a genus of flowering plants in the sedge family. It has a nearly-cosmopolitan distribution. The genus was first described in 2003 by Kaare Arnstein Lye, and the type species is Schoenoplectiella articulata. There are no synonyms.

Kåre Arnstein Lye
Kåre Arnstein Lye  (9 March 1940 – 24 March 2021) was a Norwegian botanist and field biologist.

This botanist is denoted by the author abbreviation Lye when citing a botanical name.

Lye was born in Bryne in south western Norway and studied at the University of Oslo. In 1968 he was employed as a scientific assistant at the former Agricultural University of Norway in the Department of Botany. In 1973 he was appointed to the Norwegian College of Agriculture (later the Norwegian University of Life Sciences) and became a professor in 1994 and remained there until his retirement in 2010.

He was regarded as an authority on sedges and revised flora releases in tropical countries, often in Africa. Most of his published works were for the families Cyperaceae, Rosaceae, Asteraceae, Juncaceae and Poaceae.
Mulpatrick
The surname Mulpatrick originates from the Irish surname O' Maol Phadraig. One of the locations the name is first recorded is in Clogher in County Tyrone.

Teallach Maoilpatraig, listed in Topographical Poems by O’Dugan, under Cinel Fearadhaigh. "The most noble of Cinel Fearadhaigh ... Tellach Maoilpatraic". (Cenél Fearadhaigh is a branch of the Cenél nEógain in east Tyrone.)

Máel Pátraic ‘devotee of Patrick.
O Maol Phadraig translates into follower of (St) Patrick.
It became O'Mulpatrick and Mulpatrick and the first recorded instances of the surname appear in records from the late 16th century in counties Cavan, Fermanagh, Monaghan, Meath, Westmeath and Longford. Its current anglicised form is Fitzpatrick.

In 2019 Fitzpatrick/O'Mulpatrick of Breifne – Ó Maol Phádraig Breifne was registered with the Clans of Ireland. This is one of the clans of the Fitzpatrick Clan Society.

Clogher
Clogher (from Irish Clochar, meaning 'stony place'; /ˈklɔː.ər/, /ˈklɒ.hər/) is a village and civil parish in the border area of south County Tyrone, Northern Ireland. It lies on the River Blackwater, about 6 miles (10 km) from the border crossing to County Monaghan. It stands on the townlands of Clogher Demesne and Clogher Tenements. The 2021 census recorded a population of 675. The civil parish of Clogher covers areas of County Fermanagh as well as County Tyrone.
Susan Tolman
Susan Tolman is an American mathematician known for her work in symplectic geometry. She is a professor of mathematics at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, and Lynn M. Martin Professorial Scholar at Illinois.

Tolman earned her Ph.D. in 1993 at Harvard University. Her dissertation, Group Actions And Cohomology, was supervised by Raoul Bott. She was awarded a Sloan Research Fellowship in 1998, and was named Lynn M. Martin Professorial Scholar in 2008–2009.

Sloan Research Fellowship
The Sloan Research Fellowships are awarded annually by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation since 1955 to "provide support and recognition to early-career scientists and scholars". This program is one of the oldest of its kind in the United States.

Fellowships were initially awarded in physics, chemistry, and mathematics. Awards were later added in neuroscience (1972), economics (1980), computer science (1993), computational and evolutionary molecular biology (2002), and ocean sciences or earth systems sciences (2012). Winners of these two-year fellowships are awarded $75,000, which may be spent on any expense supporting their research.  From 2012 through 2020, the foundation awarded 126 research fellowships each year; in 2021, 128 were awarded, and 118 were awarded in 2022.
Villa del Priorato di Malta
Villa del Priorato di Malta or Magistral Villa, located on the Aventine Hill in Rome, is one of the two institutional seats of the government of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta. Along with Magistral Palace, the estate is granted extraterritorial status by Italy. It also hosts the Grand Priory of Rome and the embassy of the Sovereign Order of Malta to Italy.

Priory
A priory is a monastery of men or women under religious vows that is headed by a prior or prioress. They are found in the Catholic Church, Lutheran Churches, and Anglican Communion. Priories may be monastic houses of monks or nuns (such as the Benedictines, the Cistercians, or the Charterhouses). Houses of canons & canonesses regular also use this term, the alternative being canonry. Mendicant houses, of friars, nuns, or tertiary sisters (such as the Friars Preachers, Augustinian Hermits, and Carmelites) also exclusively use this term.

In pre-Reformation England, if an abbey church was raised to cathedral status, the abbey became a cathedral priory. The bishop, in effect, took the place of the abbot, and the monastery itself was headed by a prior.
Sean Waugh
Sean Waugh is an American meteorologist and research scientist with the National Severe Storms Laboratory (NSSL), the research branch of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) for severe weather.

Meteorologist
A meteorologist is a scientist who studies and works in the field of meteorology aiming to understand or predict Earth's atmospheric phenomena including the weather. Those who study meteorological phenomena are meteorologists in research, while those using mathematical models and knowledge to prepare daily weather forecasts are called weather forecasters or operational meteorologists.

Meteorologists work in government agencies, private consulting and research services, industrial enterprises, utilities, radio and television stations, and in education. They are not to be confused with weather presenters, who present the weather forecast in the media and range in training from journalists having just minimal training in meteorology to full-fledged meteorologists.
Peter Grunwald
Peter Grunwald is an American film producer, known for his work with director George A. Romero. He produced several of Romero's films, most notably three entries in the Dead series as well as a few documentaries.  He is the son of the late Henry Grunwald, former editor-in-chief of Time magazine and Beverly Suser; he is the brother of Lisa and Mandy Grunwald.

Night of the Living Dead (film series)
Night of the Living Dead is a zombie horror media franchise created by George A. Romero beginning with the 1968 film Night of the Living Dead, directed by Romero and cowritten with John A. Russo. The franchise predominantly centers on different groups of people attempting to survive during the outbreak and evolution of a zombie apocalypse. The latest installment of the series, Survival of the Dead, was released in 2009, with a sequel, Twilight of the Dead, in development. This would be the first film in the series not directed by George Romero, who died on July 16, 2017.
Aviation Security Operational Command Unit
The Aviation Security Operational Command Unit (SO18), after April 2015 known as Aviation Policing Command (APC) or Specialist Operations – Aviation Policing (SOAP), is a Specialist Operations unit of London's Metropolitan Police Service. The unit is responsible for providing policing and security for both Heathrow and London City airports. London's other airports – Gatwick, Stansted and Luton – are policed by Sussex, Essex and Bedfordshire Police respectively, as they are not located in the Metropolitan Police District.

Sussex Police
Sussex Police are the territorial police force responsible for policing in the whole of Sussex. Their jurisdiction covers the ceremonial counties of East Sussex and West Sussex. Their headquarters are in Malling House, Lewes, East Sussex.