hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Strathmore (play)
Strathmore is an 1849 historical tragedy by the British writer John Westland Marston. It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Haymarket in London on 20 June 1849. The original cast included Charles Kean as Halbert Strathmore,  Henry Hughes as Sir Rupert Lorn, Henry Howe as Bycefield, John Baldwin Buckstone as Roland, Ellen Kean as Katharine Lorn and Fanny Fitzwilliam as Janet. It is set during The Killing Time amidst repression of the Scottish Covenanter religious movement in the seventeenth century.

History (theatrical genre)
History is one of the three main genres in Western theatre alongside tragedy and comedy, although it originated, in its modern form, thousands of years later than the other primary genres. For this reason, it is often treated as a subset of tragedy.  A play in this genre is known as a history play and is based on a historical narrative, often set in the medieval or early modern past. History emerged as a distinct genre from tragedy in Renaissance England. The best known examples of the genre are the history plays written by William Shakespeare, whose plays still serve to define the genre. History plays also appear elsewhere in Western literature, such as Thomas Heywood's Edward IV, Schiller's Mary Stuart or the Dutch national poet Joost van den Vondel's play Gijsbrecht van Aemstel.
Éder Militão
Éder Gabriel Militão Pinheiro (born 18 January 1998), better known as Éder Militão (Brazilian Portuguese: [ˈɛdeʁ miliˈtɐ̃w̃]) is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for La Liga club Real Madrid and the Brazil national team.

Militão began his career at São Paulo, playing 57 matches over a span of two years before transferring to Porto. In 2019, after one season in Portugal, he joined Real Madrid for a reported transfer fee of €50 million, where he has since won three La Liga and two UEFA Champions League titles.

Militão made his senior international debut for Brazil in 2018. He was part of their squads that won the Copa América in 2019 and came runners-up in 2021, also playing at the 2022 FIFA World Cup and the 2024 Copa América.

2024 Copa América
The 2024 Copa América was the 48th edition of the Copa América, the quadrennial international men's soccer championship organized by South America's football ruling body CONMEBOL. The tournament was held in the United States from June 20 to July 14, 2024, and was co-organized by CONCACAF.

This was the second time that the United States hosted the tournament, having hosted the Copa América Centenario in 2016. Argentina was the defending champion, and won a record sixteenth title after defeating Colombia 1–0 after extra time in the final, which was played on July 14, 2024, at Hard Rock Stadium in Miami Gardens, Florida.
Alternativa (bullfighting)
The alternativa ("alternative"), in Spanish-style bullfighting, is the act by which a novillero is authorized to be considered a torero, so that he can alternate in bullfighting with other bullfighters of the same category, both in bullfighting on foot and on horseback.

From the point of view of anthropology, it can be considered that taking the alternativa is a rite of passage or transition in which the bullfighter completes one stage of his formation to start another in which he becomes a professional matador of bulls. This change becomes effective with the ritual or ceremony of the alternativa and in the symbolism of the presentation of the bullfighter in society, in which he dons the traje de luces ("suit of lights") embroidered in gold or silver, which only bullfighters wear. The rite is again verified when the bullfighter puts an end to the professional stage of his life and retires as a matador of bulls with the act or ritual of passage of cutting the ponytail.

Rite of passage
A rite of passage is a ceremony or ritual of the passage which occurs when an individual leaves one group to enter another. It involves a significant change of status in society. In cultural anthropology, the term is the anglicisation of rite de passage, a French term innovated by the ethnographer Arnold van Gennep in his work Les rites de passage, The Rites of Passage. The term is now fully adopted into anthropology as well as into the literature and popular cultures of many modern languages.
Myriangium
Myriangium is a genus of fungi within the family Myriangiaceae.

Species Myriangium citri Henn. is an entomopathogenic fungi of armoured scale insects on citrus trees in coastal New South Wales, Australia.

Entomopathogenic fungus
Entomopathogenic fungi are parasitic unicellular or multicellular microorganisms belonging to the kingdom of Fungi, that can infect and seriously disable or kill insects.

Pathogenicity for insects is widely distributed in the kingdom of fungi and occur in six fungal phyla (Ascomycota, Oomyceta, Basidiomycota, Chytridiomycota, Zygomycota, and Microsporidia). It plays a vital ecological role in controlling insect populations by impacting 19 out of 30 known insect orders. Some fungal entomopathogens are opportunistic whereas some have evolved into highly specific pathogens of insects.
Ministry of Mines and Energy (Cambodia)
The Ministry of Mines and Energy (MME; Khmer: ក្រសួងរ៉ែនិងថាមពល, UNGEGN: Krâsuŏng Rê nĭng Thamôpôl) is a government ministry responsible for governing and the mining industry and the energy industry of Cambodia. It is located in Phnom Penh.

Romanization of Khmer
The romanization of Khmer is a representation of the Khmer (Cambodian) language using letters of the Latin alphabet. This is most commonly done with Khmer proper nouns, such as names of people and geographical names, as in a gazetteer.
Jardin des Plantes du Mans
The Jardin des Plantes du Mans (8 hectares), also known as the Jardin d'Horticulture du Mans, is a botanical garden located at 4 Rue de Sinault, Le Mans, Sarthe, Pays de la Loire, France. It is open daily without charge.

The garden was created between 1867 and 1870 to designs by Jean-Charles Adolphe Alphand, who also designed Paris's Parc Monceau, Bois de Boulogne, and Bois de Vincennes. It consists of two major sections linked by small tunnels: a French garden (3 hectares) with rose garden and terraced walk planted with four rows of Tilia nearly 100 years old, and an English-style park (4 hectares) with fine trees and a large pond.

Tilia
Tilia is a genus of about 30 species of trees or bushes, native throughout most of the temperate Northern Hemisphere. The species are known as linden or lime for the European and Asian species, and linden or basswood for North American species and more generally in American literature. The greatest species diversity is found in Asia, but the genus also occurs widely in Europe and eastern North America. Under the Cronquist classification system, this genus was placed in the family Tiliaceae, but genetic research summarised by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group has resulted in the incorporation of this genus, and of most of the previous family, into the Malvaceae.

Tilia is the only known ectomycorrhizal genus in the family Malvaceae. Studies of ectomycorrhizal relations of Tilia species indicate a wide range of fungal symbionts and a preference toward Ascomycota fungal partners.
Östringen
Östringen (German pronunciation: [ˈøːstʁɪŋən] ⓘ; South Franconian: Öschdringe) is a town in Northern Karlsruhe district in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. Östringen is a twin town with Abergavenny, South Wales. Until the district reform on January 1, 1973, Östringen means the district of Bruchsal. It was declared its own municipality by the state government in 1981 due to being a central place for local commerce.

Extensive deciduous forests take up about a third of the municipal area. The Freibach flows through the core town of Östringen, while the Katzbach flows through the Tiefenbach and Odenheim districts. In the 19th century, a flourishing cigar industry developed in Östringen and Odenheim. In Eichelberg and Tiefenbach, agriculture, especially viticulture, remained predominant.

South Franconian German
South Franconian (German: Südfränkisch) or South Rhine Franconian (German: Südrheinfränkisch) is an Upper German dialect which is spoken in the northernmost part of Baden-Württemberg in Germany, around Karlsruhe, Mosbach and Heilbronn. Like closely related East Franconian, it is a transitional dialect, which unites elements of Central German and Upper German.

The language area is located in the transient zone between Rhine Franconian dialects (Hessian and Palatinate German) in the north and Alemannic German (Low Alemannic and Swabian German) in the south. South Franconian is one of the High German dialects with the lowest number of speakers. South Franconian is not considered a separate dialect by some observers. The scope of South Franconian is disputed.
Africa XI (football)
The Africa XI is an association football scratch team consisting of players from the CAF region. The Africa XI play one-off games against clubs, national teams, collectives of other confederations, or a World XI made up of players from all the other continents. The causes for these games are anniversaries, testimonials or for charity.

Vodafone
Vodafone Group Public Limited Company (/ˈvoʊdəfoʊn/) is a British multinational telecommunications company. Its registered office and global headquarters are in Newbury, Berkshire, England. It predominantly operates services in Asia, Africa, Europe, and Oceania.

As of January 2025, Vodafone owns and operates networks in 15 countries, with partner networks in 46 further countries.

Vodafone has a primary listing on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. The company has a secondary listing on the NASDAQ as American depositary receipts (ADRs).
Acropora horrida
Acropora horrida is a species of acroporid coral that was first described by James Dwight Dana in 1846. Found in tropical, shallow reefs in marine environments, it occurs near fringing reefs around turbid water, at depths of 5 to 20 m (16 to 66 ft). It is listed as a vulnerable species on the IUCN Red List, and it is thought to have a decreasing population. It is not common and found over a large area, and is listed under CITES Appendix II.

James Dwight Dana
James Dwight Dana FRS FRSE (February 12, 1813 – April 14, 1895) was an American geologist, mineralogist, volcanologist, and zoologist. He made pioneering studies of mountain-building, volcanic activity, and the origin and structure of continents and oceans around the world.

His zoological author abbreviation is Dana.
Noel Mugavin
Noel Mugavin (born 28 June 1956 in Warrnambool) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Fitzroy and Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Mugavin starred as a junior, catching the eyes of VFL scouts at an early age. His flowing locks became a trademark throughout his famous career to complement his silky skills.

Mugavin's career was cut short when he suffered a spleen injury in 1982, prompting him to retire from the highest level. Mugavin returned to the Hampden Football League in a coaching role.

He currently coaches players at South Warrnambool Football Club, and teaches students at Emmanuel College Warrnambool. He is also currently involved with greyhound racing.

His nephew is Brisbane Lions centre half forward Jonathan Brown and his youngest son Jamie, plies his trade at an amateur level in Melbourne.

Hampden Football Netball League
The Hampden Football Netball League is an Australian rules football and netball league based in South-Western Victoria, with clubs located in towns along or near the Princes Highway from Camperdown to Portland.

The league is a major country league. It comprises an amalgamation of the Hampden Football League with the women's netball league with the same teams and playing draw.
Elkins Field
Elkins Field (FAA LID: 2NR2) is a privately owned, public use airport in Bladen County, North Carolina, United States. It is located three nautical miles (6 km) east of the central business district of Clarkton, North Carolina.

Bladen County, North Carolina
Bladen County (/ˈbleɪdən/) is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 29,606. Its county seat is Elizabethtown. The county was created in 1734 as Bladen Precinct and gained county status in 1739.
Daniel Johnson (naval officer)
Daniel H. Johnson is an attorney in Wake County, North Carolina and a veteran of the United States Navy who received the Navy and Marine Corps Medal for saving the life of a crewmate on the USS Blue Ridge in 1999. As a result of that incident, both of Johnson's legs were amputated below the knee.

Johnson later became General Counsel and Deputy Secretary of the North Carolina Department of Transportation. Governor Josh Stein named him the next Secretary of the department in 2025.

Wake County, North Carolina
Wake County, officially the County of Wake, is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,129,410, making it North Carolina's most populous county. From July 2005 to July 2006, Wake County was the 9th-fastest growing county in the United States, with Cary and Raleigh being the 8th- and 15th-fastest growing communities, respectively.

Its county seat is Raleigh, which is also the state capital. Eleven other municipalities are in Wake County, the largest of which is the town of Cary, the third-most populous city of the Research Triangle region and the seventh-most populous municipality in North Carolina.

It is governed by the Wake County Board of Commissioners, coterminous with the Wake County Public School System, with law enforcement provided by the Wake County Sheriff's Department. It is also part of the wider Triangle J Council of Governments, which governs regional planning.
Universal Private Telegraph Company
The Universal Private Telegraph Company, Limited was formed in 1861 to exploit Professor Charles Wheatstone’s 1858 Universal Telegraph. The company was meant to "carry out a system by which banks, merchants, public bodies and other parties may have the means of establishing a telegraph for their own private purposes from their houses to their offices, manufactories or other places".

The company's first directors were Charles Wheatstone and William Fairbairn, CE, the Manchester ironmaster. It employed Thomas Page as the engineer, Lewis Hertslet as the secretary, and Nathaniel Holmes as the electrician.

William Fairbairn
Sir William Fairbairn, 1st Baronet of Ardwick Bt FRS (19 February 1789 – 18 August 1874) was a Scottish civil engineer, structural engineer and shipbuilder. In 1854 he succeeded George Stephenson and Robert Stephenson to become the third president of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers.
Androvax
Androvax, also known as androstenedione:human serum albumin conjugate, is an immunogen and vaccine against androstenedione that is used in veterinary medicine to increase the ovulation rate and number of lambs born to ewes. It is a conjugate of androstenedione and human serum albumin. The drug is marketed in New Zealand.

Androvax produces immunity against androstenedione, and the generation of antibodies against androstenedione decreases circulating levels of androstenedione. In addition, since androstenedione is the major precursor of estrogens, estrogen levels are decreased as well. This is thought to result in reduced negative feedback on the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis and increased gonadotropin secretion, which in turn improves fertility and fecundity.

Biotransformation
Biotransformation is the biochemical modification of one chemical compound or a mixture of chemical compounds. Biotransformations can be conducted with whole cells, their lysates, or purified enzymes.  Increasingly, biotransformations are effected with purified enzymes.  Major industries and life-saving technologies depend on biotransformations.
Andrea Clearfield
Andrea Clearfield (born 1960) is an American composer of contemporary classical music. Regularly commissioned and performed by ensembles in the United States and internationally, her works include music for opera, orchestra, chorus, soloists, chamber ensembles, dance, film, and multimedia collaborations. She is represented by Black Tea Music.

North/South Consonance Ensemble
The North/South Consonance Ensemble is an American chamber ensemble dedicated to the performance of contemporary classical music from the Americas. It was founded in 1980 and is based in New York City. It is directed by the pianist and composer Max Lifchitz, who is also the ensemble's founder.

The ensemble has performed over 850 different works by composers from around the world and has released many CDs on its own label, North/South Recordings.
Evelyn Cisneros
Evelyn Cisneros-Legate (born Evelyn Cisneros on November 18, 1958 in Long Beach, California) is an American ballerina. Evelyn, who is Mexican American, is considered the first prima ballerina in the United States of Hispanic heritage. She holds an honorary doctorate from Mills College and the University of California at Monterey Bay.

Boston Ballet
The Boston Ballet is an American professional classical ballet company based in Boston, Massachusetts. It was founded in 1963 by E. Virginia Williams and Sydney Leonard, and was the first professional repertory ballet company in New England. It has been led by Violette Verdy (1980–1984), Bruce Marks (1985–1997), and Anna-Marie Holmes (1997–2000). Mikko Nissinen has been artistic director of Boston Ballet since 2001. Nissinen leads the company in partnership with Executive Director Ming Min Hui.
David Henry Stone
Alderman David Henry Stone (1812 - 26 February 1890). His family were the owners of a large amount of land near Lewes for at least three centuries. He was the nephew of Thomas Farncomb the Lord Mayor of London of 1849. Educated at St Olave's Grammar School, in Southwark. He practiced as a solicitor and an attorney from 1839 until 1864.

He first became associated with the City of London Corporation in 1840, when he was appointed Under-Sheriff to Alderman Farncombe. He was Alderman of Bassishaw from 1864 until 1890 In 1867 he was appointed Sheriff of London and in 1874 was elected to Lord Mayor of London. He was Treasurer of St. Thomas' Hospital from 1877 to 1890; Treasurer of the Honourable Artillery Company from 1880 to 1890; on the Metropolitan Board of Works from 1866 to 1868 and again in 1871 to 1874, and the last Principal of Clifford's Inn. From 1863 he resided at 'Fairwood' on Sydenham Hill, in the affluent suburb south of the city.

St Olave's Grammar School
St. Olave's Grammar School (formally St. Olave's and St. Saviour's Church of England Grammar School) (/ˈoʊlævz/ or /ˈɒlɪvz/) is a selective secondary school for boys in Orpington, Greater London, England. Founded by royal charter in 1571, the school occupied several sites in Southwark, before establishing a location on Tooley Street in 1893. It moved to the suburb of Orpington in 1968, and has admitted girls to its sixth form since 1998.

A former Sunday Times State School of the Year (2008), the school is selective at both initial entry and for entry to the sixth form, but it has been criticised for policies that led to students being excluded from the sixth form for not achieving high grades. In 2017, parents threatened legal action against the policies applied by headteacher Aydin Önaç (who subsequently resigned), and the London Borough of Bromley instituted an inquiry whose critical report was published in July 2018.
William Mollard
William Thomas Mollard (May 5, 1855 – May 4, 1931) was a contractor and political figure in Saskatchewan, Canada. He was mayor of Regina from 1900 to 1901.

He was born near Aurora, Canada West, the son of James Mollard. He first worked as a carpenter in Winnipeg and came to Regina in 1882, where he worked in building and contracting. He operated in partnership with Charles Willoughby from 1894 to 1906. In 1889, he married Margaret C. Stewart. Mollard was named federal inspector of public works in Saskatchewan and Alberta. He served on the city council for Regina from 1898 to 1899. Mollard was a member of the public school board and served as its chairman. He died at the age of 75 in Victoria, British Columbia on May 4, 1931.

Aurora, Ontario
Aurora (2021 population: 62,057) is a town in central York Region, in the Greater Toronto Area of Southern Ontario, Canada. It is located 48km (29mi) from Downtown Toronto, north of Richmond Hill partially situated on the Oak Ridges Moraine, and  surrounded by the Greenbelt. In the 2021 Census, the municipal population of Aurora was the 92nd largest in Canada, compared to 95th for the 2016 Census and 97th for the 2006 Census.
Hugo Sonnenschein (writer)
Hugo Sonnenschein (pseudonym: Sonka, Hugo Sonka; 25 May 1889, Kyjov – 20 July 1953, Mírov) was an Austrian writer from Bohemia. He contributed to the Czech-language Communist newspaper Průkopník svobody.

Kyjov
Kyjov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈkɪjof]; German: Gaya or Geyen) is a town in Hodonín District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 11,000 inhabitants. It lies in the valley of the Kyjovka River.

Kyjov became a town in the 16th century, when it was purchased by the royal chamber and the period of its greatest development began. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone. The main landmark of the town centre is the Renaissance town hall, which is a national cultural monument.
Isthmian League
The Isthmian League (/ˈɪs(θ)miən/) is a regional football league covering Greater London, East and South East England, featuring mostly semi-professional clubs. Together with the Southern Football League and the Northern Premier League it forms levels seven and eight of the English football league system.

Founded in 1905 by amateur clubs in the London area, the league now consists of 88 teams in four divisions: the Premier Division above its three feeder divisions, the North, South Central and South East divisions.
Together with the Southern League and the Northern Premier League, it forms the seventh and eighth levels of the English football league system. It has various regional feeder leagues and the league as a whole is a feeder league mainly to the National League South.

East of England
The East of England is one of nine official regions of England at the first level of ITL for statistical purposes.  It consists of the ceremonial counties of Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire, Essex, Hertfordshire, Norfolk and Suffolk. The northern part of the region, consisting of Norfolk, Suffolk and Cambridgeshire, is known as East Anglia. The latter region has been considered an informal region in its own right due to its differing cultural identity.

The population of the East of England in 2024 was 6,576,306. Bedford, Luton, Basildon, Peterborough, Southend-on-Sea, Norwich, Ipswich, Colchester, Chelmsford and Cambridge are the most populous settlements. Peterborough is the largest city in the East of England at 215,000. The southern part of the region lies in the London commuter belt.
Sindhamal Sitharamal
Sindhamal Sitharamal (transl. Without dropping, without spoiling) is a 2003 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by Shanmugavel in his debut. The film stars Abbas, Nanditha and Sona, while Karunas and Rajesh also appear in supporting roles. It was released on 25 December 2003.

Nanditha Jennifer
Nanditha Jennifer is an Indian actress and choreographer who has appeared in the Tamil film industry. The actress won critical acclaim for her performance in Eera Nilam (2003) and later appeared in other Tamil and Telugu language films.