hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Goldenberg scandal
The Goldenberg scandal was a political scandal where the Kenyan government was found to have subsidised exports of gold far beyond standard arrangements during the 1990s, by paying the company Goldenberg International 35% more (in Kenyan shillings) than their annual foreign currency earnings. Although it notionally appears that the scheme was intended to earn hard currency for the country, it is estimated to have cost Kenya the equivalent of more than 10% of the country's annual gross domestic product, and it is possible that no or minimal amounts of gold were actually exported. The scandal appears to have involved political corruption at the highest levels of the government of Daniel Arap Moi. Officials in the former government of Mwai Kibaki have also been implicated.

Kenyan shilling
The Kenyan shilling (Swahili: shilingi; abbreviation: KSh; ISO code: KES) is the currency of Kenya. It is divided into 100 cents. The Central Bank of Kenya Act cap 491, mandated the printing and minting of the Kenyan currency.
Netrobalane canopus
Netrobalane canopus, the buff-tipped skipper, is a butterfly of the family Hesperiidae. It is found in savannah in Africa, from South Africa to Kenya to Nigeria and southern Sudan.

The wingspan is 26–44 mm for males and 42–45 mm for females. Adults are on wing year-round, with peaks from September to November and from February to May in southern Africa.

The larvae feed on Grewia species (including Grewia occidentalis, Grewia similis and Grewia flavescens), Dombeya species (including Dombeya cymosa and Dombeya calantha), Hibiscus and Pavonia species (including Pavonia macrophylla and Pavonia burchelli).

Dombeya
Dombeya is a flowering plant genus. Traditionally included in the family Sterculiaceae, it is included in the expanded Malvaceae in the APG and most subsequent systematics. These plants are known by a number of vernacular names which sometimes, misleadingly, allude to the superficial similarity of flowering Dombeya to pears or hydrangeas (which are unrelated). Therefore, the genus as a whole is often simply called dombeyas. The generic name commemorates Joseph Dombey (1742–1794), a French botanist and explorer in South America, involved in the notorious "Dombey affair", embroiling scientists and governments of France, Spain, and Britain for more than two years.
Kevin Hales
Kevin Peter Hales (born 13 January 1961) is a football coach and former player. Before coaching, he played as a midfielder for Chelsea and Leyton Orient, managed Welling United and Erith & Belvedere, was assistant manager at Hornchurch and coached at Weymouth and Rushden & Diamonds.

Erith & Belvedere F.C.
Erith & Belvedere Football Club is a football club based in the London Borough of Bexley, England. They are currently members of the Southern Counties East League Premier Division and play at Park View Road, a ground shared with Welling United.
Predator vs. Marvel
Predator vs. Marvel is an American comic book series written by Ben Percy, drawn by Greg Land, Andrea Di Vito, and Ken Lashley and published by Marvel Comics. A crossover between the Predator franchise and the Marvel Universe, the initial limited series, Predator vs. Wolverine, followed James "Logan" Howlett / Wolverine as he is subjected to a "Long Hunt" by a Yautja over the course of a century.

Receiving a universally positive critical reception, the series was republished as a graphic novel in April 2024, and was followed by Predator vs. Black Panther (2024), Predator vs. Spider-Man, and Predator Kills the Marvel Universe (both 2025), all again written by Ben Percy.

Crossover (fiction)
A crossover is the placement of two or more otherwise discrete fictional characters, settings, or universes into the context of a single story. They can arise from legal agreements between the relevant copyright holders (known as intercompany crossovers), common corporate ownership or unofficial efforts by fans.

This is different from a spoof, where one discrete character, setting, or universe, copies another character, setting, or universe, often in a comedic manner.
Canon EF-S 60mm f/2.8 Macro USM lens
The Canon EF-S 60mm f/2.8 Macro USM lens is Canon's first EF-S (APS-C sensor-specific) macro lens, and also the company's first prime lens made specifically for the EF-S mount. Introduced in 2005, it was the only EF-S prime lens until the announcement of the EF-S 24mm f/2.8 STM in September 2014; a second EF-S macro lens, the EF-S 35mm f/2.8 Macro IS STM, was added to the lens lineup in April 2017. As an EF-S lens, it can only be used on cameras with a 1.6x crop factor and is the equivalent of a 96mm lens mounted on a 35mm format camera. As such this lens also can be a good choice for portrait photography.

Its front element does not rotate, nor does it protrude when focusing. This is especially useful when working with a polarization filter or close to the subject.

The circular aperture results in a pleasantly soft bokeh.

Prime lens
In film and photography, a prime lens is a fixed focal length photographic lens (as opposed to a zoom lens), typically with a maximum aperture from f2.8 to f1.2. The term can also mean the primary lens in a combination lens system.
Confusion between these two meanings can occur without clarifying context. Alternate terms, such as primary focal length, fixed focal length, or FFL are sometimes used to avoid ambiguity.
Joseph-Couillard Lislois
Joseph-Couillard Lislois (January 8, 1856 – February 4, 1935) was a Canadian politician in the province of Quebec.

Born in Montmagny, Canada East, the son of Charles-Couillard Lislois and Geneviève Nicol, Lislois was mayor of Montmagny from 1890 to 1896 and again from 1898 to 1901. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Quebec for Montmagny in 1897. He did not run in 1900 and was defeated in the 1908 election.

Montmagny, Quebec
Montmagny (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃maɲi] ⓘ) is a city in the Montmagny Regional County Municipality within the Chaudière-Appalaches region of Quebec, Canada. It is the county seat and had a population, as of the 2021 Canadian census, of 10,999.

The city is on the south shore of the St. Lawrence River, 80 kilometres (50 mi) east of Quebec City, and was founded more than 350 years ago. It is Canada's Snow Goose Capital, and festivals include the International Accordion Festival in September and the Festival of the Snow Geese in October.

The city was named after Charles de Montmagny, the first to have the title of governor of New France; Samuel de Champlain was commander in chief.

Montmagny was the county seat of the former Montmagny County.
Gambir (state constituency)
Gambir is a state constituency in Johor, Malaysia, that is represented in the Johor State Legislative Assembly.

The state constituency was first contested in 2004 and is mandated to return a single Assemblyman to the Johor State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system.

Johor State Legislative Assembly
The Johor State Legislative Assembly (Malay: Dewan Negeri Johor) is the unicameral legislature of the Malaysian state of Johor. It is composed of 56 members who are elected from single-member constituencies throughout the state. Elections are held no more than five years apart. Prior to the 2022 state election, elections are always held concurrently with the federal parliament and other state assemblies elections (except Sarawak).

The State Assembly convenes at Sultan Ismail Building in Kota Iskandar, Iskandar Puteri, Johor Bahru.
United States women's national under-17 volleyball team
The United States women's national under-17 volleyball team represents the United States in international women's volleyball competitions and friendly matches for players under the age 17. It is ruled by the American Volleyball Federation USAV body. It is an affiliate of the International Volleyball Federation FIVB and also a part of the North, Central America and Caribbean Volleyball Confederation NORCECA. The team participated in its first international competition in 2025.

North, Central America and Caribbean Volleyball Confederation
The North, Central America and Caribbean Volleyball Confederation (NORCECA) is the international governing body for the sport of volleyball in Northern America, Central America, and the Caribbean. NORCECA is the continental confederation that represents its 35 member associations at the International Volleyball Federation (FIVB) level. It also has six associate members: Bonaire, Saba, Saint Martin, Sint Eustatius, Sint Maarten, and the Turks and Caicos Islands. The confederation is responsible for, among other things, the staging of Olympic and World Championship zone qualification tournaments, as well as continental championships for both men and women in indoor volleyball and beach volleyball. In 2022, NORCECA celebrated its fifty-fourth (54th) anniversary.
Susan Treggiari
Susan Treggiari is an English scholar of ancient Rome, emeritus professor of Stanford University and retired member of the Faculty of Classics at the University of Oxford. Her specialist areas of study are the family and marriage in ancient Rome, Cicero and the late Roman Republic.

Family in ancient Rome
The ancient Roman family was a complex social structure, based mainly on the nuclear family, but also included various combinations of other members, such as extended family members, household slaves, and freed slaves. Ancient Romans had different names to describe their concepts of family, such as, "familia" to describe the nuclear family and "domus" which would have included all the inhabitants of the household. The types of interactions between the different members of the family were dictated by the perceived social roles each member played. An ancient Roman family's structure was constantly changing as a result of the low life expectancy and through marriage, divorce, and adoption.
Road to Rio
Road to Rio is a 1947 American musical comedy film directed by Norman Z. McLeod and starring Bing Crosby, Bob Hope, and Dorothy Lamour. Written by Edmund Beloin and Jack Rose, the film is about two inept vaudevillians who stow away on a Brazilian-bound ocean liner. Once in Brazil, they foil a plot by a sinister hypnotist to marry off her niece to a greedy fortune hunter. Road to Rio was the fifth of the "Road to ..." series.

Jimmy Van Heusen
James Van Heusen (born Edward Chester Babcock; January 26, 1913 – February 6, 1990) was an American composer. He wrote songs for films, television, and theater, and won an Emmy and four Academy Awards for Best Original Song. Many of his compositions later went on to become jazz standards.
Inaba Masamichi
Inaba Masamichi (稲葉 正則, December 22, 1640 – November 22, 1716) was a daimyō of Odawara Domain in Sagami Province (modern-day Kanagawa Prefecture) in early-Edo period Japan, until 1686 when he was transferred to Takada Domain in Echigo Province. Later he was transferred again, to Sakura Domain in Shimōsa Province.   His courtesy title was Mino no Kami.

Kokushi (official)
Kokushi (国司; also read Kuni no tsukasa) were provincial officials in Classical Japan. They were nobles sent from the central government in Kyoto to oversee a province, a system that was established as part of the Taika Reform in 645, and enacted by the Ritsuryō system. There were four classes of kokushi, from the highest to the lowest: Kami (守), Suke (介), Jō (掾), and Sakan (目). In the Middle Ages, an acting governor called mokudai, the daikan of the kokushi, took over the local government of the province, while the kokushi returned to the capital to take on a supervising role.
Xi'an Reservoir
Xi'an Reservoir (Chinese: 西安水庫; pinyin: Xī'ān shuǐkù), also known as Hsi-an Reservoir,  is a reservoir on the Penghu Islands, located in Wang'an Township, Penghu County, Taiwan.

The construction of Xi'an Reservoir started in July 1985, and was completed in October 1987. It has a total storage capacity of 240,000 cubic meters and a catchment area of 0.82 square kilometers.

Cubic metre
The cubic metre (in Commonwealth English and international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures) or cubic meter (in American English) is the unit of volume in the International System of Units (SI). Its symbol is m3. It is the volume of a cube with edges one metre in length.  An alternative name, which allowed a different usage with metric prefixes, was the stère, still sometimes used for dry measure (for instance, in reference to wood). Another alternative name, no longer widely used, was the kilolitre.
Suva Fiji Temple
The Suva Fiji Temple is the 91st operating temple of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). The intent to build the temple was announced on April 5, 1998, by church president Gordon B. Hinckley during the church's general conference. The temple is the first to be built in Fiji.

This temple was designed by Conway Beg of Architects Pacific, using a traditional temple design. A groundbreaking ceremony, to signify the beginning of construction, was held on May 8, 1999, with Earl M. Monson, a church general authority, presiding.

Stake (Latter Day Saints)
A stake is an administrative unit composed of multiple congregations in certain denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement. The name "stake" derives from the Book of Isaiah: "enlarge the place of thy tent; stretch forth the curtains of thine habitation; spare not, lengthen thy cords, and strengthen thy stakes" (Isaiah 54:2). A stake is sometimes referred to as a stake of Zion.
One Big Open Sky
One Big Open Sky is a 2024 children's historical fiction novel written in verse by Lesa Cline-Ransome. Set in 1879 and told through the narratives of three women, young girl Lettie, Lettie's mother Sylvia, and traveler Philomena, it follows Lettie and her family as they relocate from Mississippi to Nebraska. Lettie's father, Thomas, is convinced that life in Nebraska will be better, as the family will no longer have to work on land owned by whites and can own their own land; Lettie's pregnant mother, Sylvia, is apprehensive about leaving their community in Mississippi behind. In Missouri, Philomena, an orphan hired to be the new teacher in North Platte, Nebraska, joins the family, offering her services as cook and washerwoman. As the group sets out on their journey, they're forced to brave the perils of the frontier and endure personal tragedies.

Verse (poetry)
A verse is formally a single metrical line in a poetic composition. However, verse has come to represent any grouping of lines in a poetic composition, with groupings traditionally having been referred to as stanzas.

Verse in the uncountable (mass noun) sense refers to poetry in contrast to prose. Where the common unit of verse is based on meter or rhyme, the common unit of prose is purely grammatical, such as a sentence or paragraph.

Verse in the second sense is also used pejoratively in contrast to poetry to suggest work that is too pedestrian or too incompetent to be classed as poetry.
John Crook (politician)
John William Crook (14 November 1895 – 4 July 1970) was an Australian politician. He was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1949 to 1959. He was a member of the Labor Party (ALP).

Neilly was born in Korumburra. He was the son of a miner and was educated to elementary level at Kurri Kurri Public School. At age 13 he became a coal miner and worked mainly at Richmond Main Colliery. He was an office-holder in the Miners' Federation and was general secretary of the Northern Lodge of the union from 1934 to 1949.

He won ALP pre-selection for the seat of Cessnock at a 1949 by-election caused by the resignation of Jack Baddeley to accept a position with the New South Wales State Coal Authority. He won the by-election and subsequent elections in 1950, 1953 and 1956. He did not contest the 1959 election and was succeeded by George Neilly.

Electoral district of Cessnock
Cessnock is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales in the rural fringe of the Hunter. It is represented by Clayton Barr of the Labor Party. It includes all of the City of Cessnock (including Cessnock and Kurri Kurri) and a small part of the City of Lake Macquarie (including Barnsley and West Wallsend).
Antonio Acqua
Antonio Acqua (5 November 1893 - 18 October 1966) was an Italian actor of the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s.

Born in Rome, Acqua was mainly active on stage and in films as a character actor, specialized in roles of lawyers, military officers, politicians and engineers. He frequently worked with Pietro Germi, who gave him some of the most significant roles of his career.  His only leading role was as the General in Enrico Cappellini's La via del Sud (1953).

Pietro Germi
Pietro Germi (Italian pronunciation: [ˈpjɛːtro ˈdʒɛrmi]; 14 September 1914 – 5 December 1974) was an Italian film director, screenwriter, and actor, noted for his development of the neorealist and commedia all'italiana genres.

His 1961 film Divorce Italian Style earned him a Best Original Screenplay Oscar and a Best Director nomination at the 35th Academy Awards. Seven of his films competed at the Cannes Film Festival, with his 1966 comedy The Birds, the Bees and the Italians winning the Palme d'Or.
Cyrus-class ship-sloop
The Cyrus-class sixth rates of the Royal Navy were a series of sixteen-flush decked sloops of war built to an 1812 design by Sir William Rule, the Surveyor of the Navy. The first nine ships of the class were launched in 1813 and the remaining seven in 1814. The vessels of the class served at the end of the Napoleonic War. They were built on the lines of HMS Hermes, which was based in turn on the French ship Bonne Citoyenne.

The Cyrus class was intended to be the counter to the new Frolic-class ship-rigged sloops that were under construction for the United States Navy. No encounter took place between any vessel of the Frolic class and one of the Cyrus class, but HMS Levant was captured by the American frigate USS Constitution.

With the re-organisation of the rating system which took place in the Royal Navy effective from 1 January 1817, the Cyrus-class flush-decked ships were re-classified as 20-gun sloops.

HMS Hermes (1811)
HMS Hermes was a 20-gun Hermes-class sixth-rate flush-decked sloop-of-war built in Milford Dockyard to the lines of the ex-French Bonne Citoyenne. She was destroyed in 1814 to prevent her falling into American hands after grounding during her unsuccessful attack on Fort Bowyer on Mobile Point outside Mobile, Alabama.
Broadway-Blues-Ballads
Broadway-Blues-Ballads is an album by the singer/pianist/songwriter Nina Simone, released in 1964. The album features Simone singing a few standards and folk songs, as well as six compositions by Bennie Benjamin and Sol Marcus.

Bennie Benjamin
Claude August "Bennie" Benjamin (November 4, 1907 – May 2, 1989) was a Virgin Islands-born American songwriter.  He had particularly successful songwriting partnerships with Sol Marcus, with whom he wrote "I Don't Want To Set The World On Fire", "When the Lights Go On Again (All Over the World)", and "Don't Let Me Be Misunderstood"; and with  George David Weiss, with whom he wrote "Oh! What It Seemed to Be" and "Wheel of Fortune".  Most of his songs were in the traditional pop idiom.
HD 16004
HD 16004 is blue-white hued star in the northern constellation of Andromeda. It is a challenge to see with the naked eye even under good viewing conditions, having an apparent visual magnitude of 6.26. Located approximately 660 light-years (202 parsecs) away from the Sun based on parallax, it is drifting closer with a heliocentric radial velocity of −7 km/s.

This is a chemically peculiar mercury-manganese star with a stellar classification of B9.5 III HgMn. It is an estimated 162 million years old and is spinning with a projected rotational velocity of 30 km/s. The star is radiating 158 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 10,809 K.

Stellar rotation
Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis. The rate of rotation can be measured from the spectrum of the star, or by timing the movements of active features on the surface.

The rotation of a star produces an equatorial bulge due to centrifugal force. As stars are not solid bodies, they can also undergo differential rotation. Thus the equator of the star can rotate at a different angular velocity than the higher latitudes. These differences in the rate of rotation within a star may have a significant role in the generation of a stellar magnetic field.

In its turn, the magnetic field of a star interacts with the stellar wind. As the wind moves away from the star its angular speed decreases. The magnetic field of the star interacts with the wind, which applies a drag to the stellar rotation. As a result, angular momentum is transferred from the star to the wind, and over time this gradually slows the star's rate of rotation.
Owen Thompson
Owen George Thompson (born 17 March 1978) is a Scottish National Party politician who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Midlothian from 2015 to 2017 and from 2019 to 2024. He was elected in 2015, defeated at the 2017 general election, and regained the seat at the 2019 general election.

2019 United Kingdom general election in Scotland
The 2019 United Kingdom general election was held on Thursday 12 December 2019, two and a half years after the previous general election in June 2017. The Scottish National Party (SNP) received the most votes (45%, up 8.1% from the previous election) and won 48 out of 59 seats—a gain of 13 over those won in 2017, and 81% of the Scottish seats in the House of Commons.

SNP gains came at the expense of both Labour and the Conservatives. The Tories remained the largest unionist party in Scotland even though they lost more than half of their Scottish seats, winning six compared to thirteen in 2017. Labour was reduced to only one seat, down from seven. The Liberal Democrats won four Scottish seats for no net change, although party leader Jo Swinson (herself the only major party leader to stand for election in Scotland) was unseated in her bid for re-election by her SNP challenger.

Labour's vote share was its lowest at a Westminster election in Scotland since December 1910.
1962 NFL draft
The 1962 NFL draft was held on December 4, 1961 at the Sheraton Hotel in Chicago, Illinois.

The Washington Redskins used the first overall pick of the draft to select running back Ernie Davis, then subsequently traded him to the Cleveland Browns.

InterContinental Chicago Magnificent Mile
InterContinental Chicago Magnificent Mile is a hotel in Chicago, United States.  The hotel currently occupies two multi-story buildings.  The historic tower, or "South Tower," is a 471-foot (144 m), 42-story building which was completed in 1929 originally as the home of the Medinah Athletic Club. The new tower, or "North Tower" is a 295-foot (90 m), 26-story addition, completed in 1961.

InterContinental Chicago Magnificent Mile is a member of Historic Hotels of America, the official program of the National Trust for Historic Preservation.