hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elements of AI
Elements of AI is a massive open online course (MOOC) teaching the basics of artificial intelligence. The course, originally launched in 2018, is designed and organized by the University of Helsinki and learning technology company MinnaLearn. The course includes modules on machine learning, neural networks, the philosophy of artificial intelligence, and using artificial intelligence to solve problems. It consists of two parts: Introduction to AI and its sequel, Building AI, that was released in late 2020. In November 2019, the course was named one of four winners of MIT’s Inclusive Innovation Challenge.

University of Helsinki's computer science department is known as the alma mater of Linus Torvalds, a Finnish-American software engineer who is the creator of the Linux kernel, which is the kernel for Linux operating systems.

Linus Torvalds
Linus Benedict Torvalds (born 28 December 1969) is a Finnish and American software engineer who is the creator and lead developer of the Linux kernel since 1991. He also created the distributed version control system Git.

Torvalds was one of the recipients of the 2012 Millennium Technology Prize "in recognition of his creation of a new open source operating system for computers leading to the widely used Linux kernel". He is also the recipient of the 2014 IEEE Computer Society Computer Pioneer Award and the 2018 IEEE Masaru Ibuka Consumer Electronics Award.
Future Arena
The Future Arena (Portuguese: Arena do Futuro) was a temporary sporting venue in Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, that was used for handball at the 2016 Summer Olympics, and goalball at the 2016 Summer Paralympics.

After the games, the venue was planned to be dismantled and reassembled as four schools. As of August 2017, these plans had been abandoned by Rio's mayor Marcelo Crivella, but were reinstated sometime after.

In 2022, demolition of the arena started. The first of the two reassembled schools opened in February 2024, with the other two opening in March, all in a lesser developed part in the west of Rio de Janeiro. All four schools would teach STEAM fields, as part of a model introduced by the Municipal Chamber of Rio de Janeiro.

Municipal Chamber of Rio de Janeiro
The Municipal Chamber of Rio de Janeiro (Portuguese: Câmara Municipal do Rio de Janeiro) is the unicameral legislative body of the city of Rio de Janeiro. It was founded in 1565 by the Portuguese colonists.
Gorki (band)
Gorki (originally Gorky) was a Belgian rock group, in its most recent line-up consisting of Luc De Vos (lead singer and guitarist), Luc Heyvaerts (keyboard and clarinet), Erik  Van Biesen (bass guitar), Thomas Vanelslander (guitarist) and Bert Huysentruyt (drums). Three songs by Gorki were number one hits in the Studio Brussel alternative hitlist De Afrekening in Belgium: 'Lieve kleine piranha' (Gorky, 1992), 'Schaduw in de schemering (from the CD 'Plan B') and 'Joerie' in 2006. Luc De Vos died on 29 November 2014.

Musical keyboard
A musical keyboard is the set of adjacent depressible levers or keys on a musical instrument. Keyboards typically contain keys for playing the twelve notes of the Western musical scale, with a combination of larger, longer keys and smaller, shorter keys that repeat at the interval of an octave. Pressing a key on the keyboard makes the instrument produce a sound—either by mechanically striking a string or tine (acoustic and electric piano, clavichord), plucking a string (harpsichord), causing air to flow through a pipe (pipe organ), striking a bell (carillon), or activating an electronic circuit (synthesizer, digital piano, electronic keyboard). Since the most commonly encountered keyboard instrument is the piano, the keyboard layout is often referred to as the piano keyboard or simply piano keys.
Where Are You? (Imaani song)
"Where Are You?" was the United Kingdom's entry to the Eurovision Song Contest 1998, performed in English by Imaani Saleem (better known as simply Imaani), held in Birmingham, United Kingdom. It was composed by Scott English, Phil Manikiza and Simon Stirling. The song placed second, becoming the UK's fifteenth entry to place in that position. This was the last time that the UK placed in the contest's top 2 up until the 2022 competition in which Sam Ryder, with his song "Space Man", came 2nd to Ukraine.

Upon its commercial release, the song achieved commercial success, peaking within the top 15 on three European countries' singles charts: the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, and Belgium. Critics retrospectively regard the song as one of the UK's better Eurovision entries, with many praising her vocal performance. The song is also remembered as the last time that the United Kingdom came close to winning the contest, until coming second again in 2022.

Ultratop
Ultratop is an organization which generates and publishes the official record charts in Belgium. Ultratop is a non-profit organization, created in 1995 on the initiative of the Belgian Entertainment Association (BEA), the Belgian member organization of the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry. Two parallel sets of charts are concurrently produced and published: one is on behalf of Belgium's mainly Dutch-speaking Flanders region, and the other caters to the nation's mainly French-speaking region of Wallonia.
Campeonato Nacional de Interligas
The Campeonato Nacional de Interligas (Spanish for National Championship of Interleague) is the biggest football event involving teams with combined players from different clubs of every regional leagues in Paraguay from all departments. The tournament is organized by the Unión del Fútbol del Interior (UFI).

Departments of Paraguay
Paraguay consists of 17 departments (Spanish: departamentos; singular – departamento) and one capital district (distrito capital). The country is divided into two non-official regions: The "Occidental Region" or Chaco (Boquerón, Alto Paraguay and Presidente Hayes), and the "Oriental Region" or Parana (other departments and the capital district).
Clancy Docwra
Clancy Docwra is a large construction firm in the United Kingdom founded in Wembley in 1958 by Michael Clancy as M.J. Clancy & Sons Limited. In 1974 the firm bought water and gas public works contractor R.E. Docwra Limited and in 2001, following other acquisitions, all were merged to form Clancy Docwra Limited. Today the firm trades as The Clancy Group plc. The firm carries out work for several national utilities including Scottish Water and Scottish Power. The firm has also carried out work for London Underground.

Recent contracts include the laying of a 10 mile long water main near Reigate, Surrey, using trenchless technology, valued at £14m.

ScottishPower
Scottish Power Limited, trading as ScottishPower, is a vertically integrated energy company based in Glasgow, Scotland. It is a subsidiary of Spanish utility firm Iberdrola.

ScottishPower is the distribution network operator for Central and Southern Scotland, Merseyside, North Wales and parts of Cheshire and Shropshire. It is also the transmission owner for the south of Scotland. The company also supplies electricity and gas to homes and businesses around the United Kingdom and generates power for supply to the grid. It owned PPM Energy in the United States, which has now been folded into Avangrid.
Belfast Royal Academy
The Belfast Royal Academy (also known as BRA) is the oldest school in the city of Belfast, Northern Ireland. It is a co-educational, non-denominational voluntary grammar school in north Belfast. The Academy is one of 8 schools in Northern Ireland whose Head is a member of the Headmasters' and Headmistresses' Conference.

Ulster Schools' Cup
The Ulster Schools' Challenge Cup is an annual competition involving schools affiliated to the Ulster Branch of the Irish Rugby Football Union. The Schools' Cup has the distinction of being the world's second-oldest rugby competition, having been competed for every year since 1876. The trophy itself is a three-handled silver cup with a plinth mounted on a large shield.

Methodist College Belfast have won the most titles with 37 outright wins.
Central of Georgia Railway
The Central of Georgia Railway (reporting mark CG) started as the Central Rail Road and Canal Company in 1833. As a way to better attract investment capital, the railroad changed its name to Central Rail Road and Banking Company of Georgia. This railroad was constructed to join the Macon and Western Railroad at Macon, Georgia, in the United States, and run to Savannah. This created a rail link from Chattanooga, on the Tennessee River, to seaports on the Atlantic Ocean. It took from 1837 to 1843 to build the railroad from Savannah to the eastern bank of the Ocmulgee River at Macon; a bridge into the city was not built until 1851.

The company was purchased by the Southern Railway in 1963, and subsequently became part of Norfolk Southern Railway in 1982.

Despite the similarity between the names, neither the Georgia Central Railway or Georgia Railroad have ties with the Central of Georgia Railway.

Georgia Central Railway
The Georgia Central Railway (reporting mark GC) operates about 171 miles (275 km) of former Seaboard Coast Line track from Macon, Georgia through Dublin, Georgia and Vidalia, Georgia to Savannah, Georgia.  It also operates about 20 miles (32 km) of trackage between Savannah and Riceboro, Georgia, switching Interstate Paper LLC. It connects with CSX Transportation and the Norfolk Southern Railway. The Georgia Central Railway is owned by Rail Link, a subsidiary of Genesee & Wyoming Inc.
10244 Thüringer Wald
10244 Thüringer Wald, provisional designation 4668 P-L, is a Vestian asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 3.3 kilometers (2.1 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 26 September 1960, by Ingrid and Cornelis van Houten at Leiden, and Tom Gehrels at Palomar Observatory in California, United States. The asteroid was named after the Thuringian Forest, a German mountain range.

Palomar Observatory
The Palomar Observatory is an astronomical research observatory in the Palomar Mountains of San Diego County, California, United States. It is owned and operated by the California Institute of Technology (Caltech). Research time at the observatory is granted to Caltech and its research partners, which include the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), Yale University, and the National Astronomical Observatories of China.

The observatory operates several telescopes, including the 200-inch (5.1 m) Hale Telescope, the 48-inch (1.2 m) Samuel Oschin telescope (dedicated to the Zwicky Transient Facility, ZTF), the Palomar 60-inch (1.5 m) Telescope, and the 30-centimetre (12-inch) Gattini-IR telescope. Decommissioned instruments include the Palomar Testbed Interferometer and the first telescopes at the observatory, an 18-inch (46 cm) Schmidt camera from 1936.
Harrier LR10
The Harrier LR10 is a sports prototype race car designed by Lester Ray and built by Harrier Cars. Built to succeed the Harrier LR9C platform of grand tourer-style race cars, the LR10 was accepted as an entrant to the 2000 24 Hours of Le Mans but was withdrawn during testing. The car attempted three races in its history but never completed a full race distance.

Harrier LR9C
The Harrier LR9C is a grand tourer-style race car designed and built by Harrier Cars. Built to GT1 and GT2 regulations, it is based on a stillborn road car prototype released in 1991. The LR9C competed in the British GT Championship from 1994 to 1998 and contested the 1994 24 Hours of Le Mans.
Weiyuan County, Gansu
Weiyuan County is a county in Gansu province, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Dingxi. Its postal code is 748200, and its population in 2018 was 345,000 people.

The county is named for being where the source of the Wei River is located.

Potatoes and traditional Chinese medicinal herbs such as Codonopsis, Angelica, Rhododendron and Astragalus form an important part of agricultural output. Furthermore, 485 kinds of wild Chinese herbal medicines are harvested.

Weiyuan has a long history with 49 ancient cultural sites in the county, including neolithic sites, a Ming Dynasty wooden bridge, and a section of the Qin dynasty Great Wall.

Angelica
Angelica is a genus of about 90 species of tall biennial and perennial herbs in the family Apiaceae, native to temperate and subarctic regions of the Northern Hemisphere, reaching as far north as Iceland, Sápmi, and Greenland. They grow to 1–3 m (3 ft 3 in – 9 ft 10 in) tall, with large bipinnate leaves and large compound umbels of white or greenish-white flowers. It shows variations in fruit anatomy, leaf morphology, and subterranean structures. The genes are extremely polymorphic.

Some species can be found in purple moor and rush pastures.
David Paul von Hansemann
David Paul von Hansemann (5 September 1858 – 1920) was a German pathologist born in Eupen, east Belgium. He is remembered for his work in the field of oncology, in particular, his concept pertaining to anaplasia of cancer cells.

He studied medicine at the Universities of Berlin, Kiel and Leipzig, and following graduation spent nine years as an assistant to Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902) in Berlin. In 1890 he became habilitated in pathological anatomy, and in 1897 obtained the title of professor. In 1907 he began work as a prosector at Friedrichshain city hospital. During World War I he served as an army pathologist.

His name is associated with "Hansemann macrophages" (also known as "Hansemann cells"), which are large mononuclear cells containing Michaelis-Gutmann bodies that affect the urinary tract or kidney.

Anatomical pathology
Anatomical pathology (Commonwealth) or anatomic pathology (U.S.) is a medical specialty that is concerned with the diagnosis of disease based on the macroscopic, microscopic, biochemical, immunologic and molecular examination of organs and tissues. Over the 20th century, surgical pathology has evolved tremendously: from historical examination of whole bodies (autopsy) to a more modernized practice, centered on the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer to guide treatment decision-making in oncology. Its modern founder was the Italian scientist Giovanni Battista Morgagni from Forlì.

Anatomical pathology is one of two branches of pathology, the other being clinical pathology, the diagnosis of disease through the laboratory analysis of bodily fluids or tissues. Often, pathologists practice both anatomical and clinical pathology, a combination known as general pathology. Similar specialties exist in veterinary pathology.
Colasposoma dauricum
Colasposoma dauricum is a species of leaf beetle from eastern Asia. It was first described by Carl Gustaf Mannerheim in 1849. It is known as a pest of sweet potatoes.

C. dauricum and the similar species Colasposoma viridicoeruleum (formerly known as Colasposoma auripenne) are sometimes considered to be a single species, with C. dauricum dauricum as the northern subspecies, and C. dauricum auripenne as the southern subspecies.

Carl Gustaf Mannerheim (naturalist)
Count Carl Gustaf Mannerheim (10 August 1797 – 9 October 1854) was a Finnish nobleman, amateur entomologist and governor of the Viipuri province in the Grand Duchy of Finland. He collected beetles from across the Arctic region from Alaska to Russia through northern Scandinavia making use of a network of aristocratic amateurs and Finnish settlers resulting in a personal collection of nearly 100,000 specimens of beetles representing 20,000 species made over a period of 40 years.
Martyn Ware
Martyn Ware (born 19 May 1956) is an English musician, composer, arranger, record producer, and music programmer. As a founding member of both the Human League and Heaven 17, Ware co-wrote hit songs such as "Being Boiled" and "Temptation".

Ware has also worked as a record producer, notably helping to revitalise Tina Turner's career in 1983 with her cover of "Let's Stay Together", and also launching Terence Trent D'Arby's career by co-producing his solo debut, Introducing the Hardline According to... in 1987, while producing Erasure's I Say I Say I Say album in 1994. He is also noted for work in surround sound technology and, more recently, for creation of sound installations.

Sandie Shaw
Sandra Ann Goodrich MBE (born 26 February 1947), better known by her stage name Sandie Shaw, is a retired English pop singer. One of the most successful British female singers of the 1960s, she had three UK number one singles with "(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me" (1964), "Long Live Love" (1965) and "Puppet on a String" (1967). With the latter, she became the first British entry to win the Eurovision Song Contest. She was seen as epitomising the Swinging Sixties and was often described as "the barefoot pop princess of the 1960s". She returned to the UK Top 40, for the first time in 15 years, with her 1984 cover of the Smiths song "Hand in Glove". Shaw retired from the music industry in 2013.
Cameron Coles
Cameron Alan Ross Coles (born 23 May 1974) an Australian-born Scottish former cricketer.

Coles was born in May 1974 at Moura, Queensland. Coles moved to Scotland as a child and was educated at St Modan's High School in Stirling. A club cricketer who captained Grange Cricket Club, Coles made two appearances in List A one-day cricket for Scotland in the 2004 totesport League, playing against Worcestershire at Worcester and Nottinghamshire at Trent Bridge. In these two matches, he scored a total of 7 runs with a highest score of 5.

Trent Bridge
Trent Bridge Cricket Ground is a cricket ground mostly used for Test, One-Day International and county cricket located in West Bridgford, Nottinghamshire, England, just across the River Trent from the city of Nottingham. Trent Bridge is also the headquarters of Nottinghamshire County Cricket Club. As well as international cricket and Nottinghamshire's home games, the ground has hosted the Finals Day of the Twenty20 Cup twice and has hosted One-Day Cup since 2021.

In 2009, the ground was used for the ICC World Twenty20 and hosted the semi-final between South Africa and Pakistan. The site takes its name from the nearby main bridge over the Trent and it is also close to Meadow Lane and the City Ground, the football stadiums of Notts County and Nottingham Forest respectively.
Yinshania
Yinshania (Chinese: 阴山荠属, meaning Yinshan shepherd's purse) is a genus of flowering plants in the crucifer family Brassicaceae, native to China (including Taiwan) and northern Vietnam. Some species in Yinshania are diploid, while the polyploid species were proposed to be placed in a separate genus, Hilliella. Plants of the World Online includes Hilliella within Yinshania.

Yin Mountains
The Yin Mountains, also known as the Daqing Mountains, are a mountain range in the Eastern Gobi Desert steppe of the Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region of China. The Yellow River borders the mountains to the south.
Zlatko Šulentić
Zlatko Šulentić (16 March 1893 – 9 July 1971) was a Croatian painter of landscapes and portraits.

He was one of the second generation of Croatian modern painters, a follower of the Munich Circle painters. He also studied at the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich, and began to develop his own version of expressionism and cubism in Croatia, with refined colour harmonies. In his later work Šulentić painted religious motifs, landscapes and city views, but he remained foremost a portrait painter. He taught drawing in school and at the Academy of Fine Arts, Zagreb. He travelled extensively, and published a book "People, Places, Infinity" (Ljudi, krajevi, beskraj).

Modern Gallery, Zagreb
Modern Gallery  (Croatian: Moderna galerija; since 2021 the National Museum of Modern Art, Nacionalni muzej moderne umjetnosti) is a museum in Zagreb, Croatia that holds the most important and comprehensive collection of paintings, sculptures and drawings by 19th and 20th century Croatian artists. The collection numbers around 10,000 works of art, housed since 1934 in the historic Vranyczany Palace in the centre of Zagreb, overlooking the Zrinjevac Park. A secondary gallery is the Josip Račić Studio at Margaretska 3.
Colonia Avellaneda
Colonia Avellaneda is a village and municipality in Entre Ríos Province in north-eastern Argentina. It is part of the Gran Paraná urban agglomeration and has a population of approximately 3,030 inhabitants as of the 2010 census.

Entre Ríos Province
Entre Ríos (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈentɾe ˈri.os], 'Between Rivers') is a central province of Argentina, located in the Mesopotamia region. It borders the provinces of Buenos Aires (south), Corrientes (north) and Santa Fe (west), and Uruguay in the east.

Its capital is Paraná (391,000 inhabitants), which lies on the Paraná River, opposite the city of Santa Fe.

Together with Córdoba and Santa Fe, since 1999, the province is part of the economic-political association known as the Center Region.
Foxx–Cox House
The Foxx–Cox House is a historic one-story house in Bogue Chitto, Mississippi. It was built around 1895 in the Queen Anne style, which was popular in Mississippi from about 1895 to 1905,

Dating its construction precisely is difficult as many Lincoln County records were destroyed by fire in two burnings of the Lincoln County Courthouse.  "Tradition states, however, that the original owner was an Illinois Central trainmaster named Foxx, and that the property was owned by the Coxx family at some later date, possibly around the time of the 1930s rear addition."

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.  It was deemed significant "as an outstanding and intact local example of the Queen Anne style. The house, a one-story Queen Anne cottage, is the most ornate residence in the small rural town of Bogue Chitto."

Glossary of rail transport terms
Rail transport terms are a form of technical terminology applied to railways. Although many terms are uniform across different nations and companies, they are by no means universal, with differences often originating from parallel development of rail transport systems in different parts of the world, and in the national origins of the engineers and managers who built the inaugural rail infrastructure. An example is the term railroad, used (but not exclusively) in North America, and railway, generally used in English-speaking countries outside North America and by the International Union of Railways. In English-speaking countries outside the United Kingdom, a mixture of US and UK terms may exist.

Various terms, both global and specific to individual countries, are listed here. The abbreviation "UIC" refers to terminology adopted by the International Union of Railways in its official publications and thesaurus.
Incomes Data Services
Incomes Data Services (IDS) was a British research organisation dedicated to employment-related areas.

Acquired by Thomson Reuters in September 2005, it was dedicated to providing original research, analysis and training on pay benchmarking, pay settlements, HR policy and practice, pensions law and practice, and employment law. IDS published numerous journals and books, had several subscription websites, and undertook contract research. In December 2014, Thomson Reuters announced its decision to close the business effective 31 March 2015, discontinuing the pay and HR products.

The employment law products – namely IDS Employment Law Brief, IDS Employment Law Handbooks, and IDS Employment Law Cases – continue to be published by Thomson Reuters and are available online through the Westlaw service.

Pensions in the United States
Pensions in the United States consist of the Social Security system, public employees retirement systems, as well as various private pension plans offered by employers, insurance companies, and unions.