hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Australia–Germany relations
Australia-Germany relations are the historical and bilateral relations between the Commonwealth of Australia and the Federal Republic of Germany, both nations shared values of democracy and human rights, substantial commercial links, and a keen interest in each other's culture. As part of a strategic partnership concluded in 2013, both nations are also increasingly cooperating on security policy issues. Both countries also maintain diplomatic relations in each other's countries.

In December 2001, Australian Department of Foreign Affairs estimated that there were 15,000 Australian citizens resident in Germany. There were many German missionaries who emigrated to Australia, established mission stations and worked with Aboriginal Australians, in some cases helping to preserve their languages and culture.

Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (Australia)
The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) is the department of the Australian government responsible for foreign policy and international relations, development aid (under the name Australian Aid), consular services, overseas trade, and investment (including trade and investment promotion Austrade). Australia's total official development assistance (ODA) (US$3 billion) decreased in 2022 due to differences in Australia's financial year reporting and the timing of its COVID-19-related expenditure, representing 0.19% of gross national income (GNI).

The head of the department is its secretary, presently Jan Adams. She reports to Penny Wong, who has held the position of Minister for Foreign Affairs since 2022.
SN 2011dh
SN 2011dh was a supernova in the Whirlpool Galaxy (M51).  It was discovered on 31 May 2011, with an apparent magnitude 13.5. and confirmed by several sources, including the Palomar Transient Factory. A candidate progenitor was detected in Hubble Space Telescope images. The progenitor may have been a highly luminous yellow supergiant with an initial mass of 18-24 solar masses. The supernova peaked near apparent magnitude 12.1 on 19 June 2011. Emission spectra indicated that the explosion was a type II supernova, in which a massive star collapses once nuclear fusion has ceased in its core.

SN2011dh was the third supernova to be recorded in the Whirlpool galaxy since 1994 (following SN 1994I and SN 2005cs). The supernova frequency in the Milky Way is estimated to be around one event every 40 years.

Astronomy portal

Star portal

Palomar Transient Factory
The Palomar Transient Factory (PTF, obs. code: I41), was an astronomical survey using a wide-field survey camera designed to search for optical transient and variable sources such as variable stars, supernovae, asteroids and comets. The project completed commissioning in summer 2009, and continued until December 2012. It has since been succeeded by the Intermediate Palomar Transient Factory (iPTF), which itself transitioned to the Zwicky Transient Facility in 2017/18. All three surveys are registered at the MPC under the same observatory code for their astrometric observations.
McClellandville, Delaware
McClellandville is an unincorporated community in New Castle County, in the U.S. state of Delaware. McClellandville is located at the intersection of Delaware Route 896 and Wedgewood Road, northwest of Newark.

New Castle County, Delaware
New Castle County is the northernmost of the three counties of the U.S. state of Delaware (New Castle, Kent, and Sussex). As of the 2020 census, the population was 570,719, making it the most populous county in Delaware, with nearly 60% of the state's population of 989,948. The county seat is Wilmington, which is also the state's most populous city. New Castle County is included in the Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is named after William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle (c. 1593–1676). New Castle County has the highest population and population density of any Delaware county, and it is the smallest county in the state by area. It has more people than the other two counties, Kent and Sussex, combined. It is also the most economically developed of the three.
Anthony Stark (director)
Anthony Stark (August 12, 1961 – October 19, 2011) was an American film director and screenwriter. He co-wrote and directed the 1998 film Into My Heart with Sean Smith.

His other films as writer include The Art of Murder and The Zone. He graduated from Columbia University and the London Film School. His father, Art Stark, was a television producer whose credits include Who Do You Trust? and  The Tonight Show.

The Art of Murder
The Art of Murder is a 1999 American-Canadian thriller television film that first aired on network television on December 14, 1999. It stars Michael Moriarty, Joanna Pacula, Boyd Kestner and Peter Onorati.
George Catlin
George Catlin (/kætlɪn/ KAT-lin; July 26, 1796 – December 23, 1872) was an American lawyer, painter, author, and traveler, who specialized in portraits of Native Americans in the American frontier. Traveling to the American West five times during the 1830s, Catlin wrote about and painted portraits that depicted the life of the Plains Indians. His early work included engravings, drawn from nature, of sites along the route of the Erie Canal in New York State. Several of his renderings were published in one of the first printed books to use lithography, Cadwallader D. Colden's Memoir, Prepared at the Request of a Committee of the Common Council of the City of New York, and Presented to the Mayor of the City, at the Celebration of the Completion of the New York Canals, published in 1825, with early images of the City of Buffalo.

Huntington Library
The Huntington Library, Art Museum and Botanical Gardens, known as The Huntington, is a collections-based educational and research institution established by Henry E. Huntington and Arabella Huntington in San Marino, California, United States. In addition to the library, the institution houses an extensive art collection with a focus on 18th and 19th century European art and 17th to mid-20th century American art. The property also has approximately 120 acres (49 ha) of specialized botanical landscaped gardens, including the "Japanese Garden", the "Desert Garden", and the "Chinese Garden".
Château d'Acquigny
The Château d'Acquigny is a French castle located in the department of Eure in Upper Normandy.

The present castle was built in 1557 by Anne de Laval and was listed in the French National Inventory of Historical Monuments in 1926.

Eure
Eure (/ɜːr/ UR; French pronunciation: [œʁ]; Norman: Eure or Eûre) is a department in the administrative region of Normandy, northwestern France, named after the river Eure. Its prefecture is Évreux. In 2021, Eure had a population of 598,934.
2001 Milan Indoor – Singles
Marc Rosset was the defending champion at the Milan Indoor tennis tournament but was forced to retire in his second round match against Greg Rusedski.

Roger Federer won in the final 6–4, 6–7(7–9), 6–4 against Julien Boutter. It was Federer's first title of the year and the first of his career.

Cyril Saulnier
Cyril Saulnier (French pronunciation: [siʁil sonje]; born 16 August 1975) is a retired French tennis player. In 2005, he started giving tennis lessons in places such as Heliopolis Sporting Club (Egypt). He is now director of the Proworld Tennis Academy in Delray Beach, Florida where he is a full-time coach mentoring up and coming professionals and is currently working on a trial basis with Yulia Putintseva. He is currently married with one daughter and resides in Boca Raton, Florida.
Op. 39
In music, Op. 39 stands for Opus number 39. Compositions that are assigned this number include:

Alkan – Comme le vent

Alkan – En rythme molossique

Alkan – Le festin d'Ésope

Alkan – Scherzo diabolico

Brahms – 16 Waltzes

Britten – Albert Herring

Busoni – Piano Concerto

Chopin – Scherzo No. 3

Dvořák – Czech Suite

Elgar – Pomp and Circumstance Marches

Ginastera – Piano Concerto No. 2

Hindemith – Cardillac

Margaret – Befreit

Mendelssohn – Drei Motetten

Myaskovsky – Symphony No. 16

Oswald – String Quartet No. 3

Prokofiev – Quintet

Rachmaninoff – Études-Tableaux, Op. 39

Schumann – Liederkreis, Op. 39

Sibelius – Symphony No. 1 in E minor (1899, revised 1900)

Le Festin d'Ésope
Le Festin d'Ésope (Aesop's Feast), Op. 39 No. 12, is a piano étude by Charles-Valentin Alkan. It is the final étude in the set Douze études dans tous les tons mineurs (Twelve studies in all minor keys), Op. 39, published in 1857 (although it may have been written during the previous decade). It is a work of twenty-five variations based on an original theme and is in E minor. The technical skills required in the variations are a summation of the preceding études.

The work requires exceptional virtuosic skills, with extremely fast overlapping octaves, fast scales with left accompaniments, enormous leaps, rapid octave chords, tremolos, double octaves and trills. A typical performance of this piece lasts 10 minutes.
Hell's Greatest Dad
"Hell's Greatest Dad" is an electro swing song from the American adult animated musical comedy television series Hazbin Hotel. It is sung primarily by the characters Lucifer Morningstar (voiced by Jeremy Jordan) and Alastor (voiced by Amir Talai), with additional parts by Charlie Morningstar (voiced by Erika Henningsen), Niffty (voiced by Kimiko Glenn) and Mimzy (voiced by Sarah Stiles). The song is featured in "Dad Beat Dad", the fifth episode of the show's first season. On January 26, 2024, the song and lyrics were published to YouTube and Spotify by Amazon Prime Video, and have since accumulated 77 and 110 million views and streams on both platforms, respectively. The song’s release on YouTube has also become Amazon Prime Video’s most-viewed video on their channel, surpassing the trailer for The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power by over 20 million views.

Electro swing
Electro swing, or swing house, is an electronic dance music genre that combines the influence of vintage or modern swing and jazz mixed with house and hip hop. Successful examples of the genre create a modern and dance-floor focused sound that is more readily accessible to the modern ear, but that also retains the energetic excitement of live brass and early swing recordings. Electro swing groups typically include singers, musicians playing traditional jazz instruments (e.g. trumpet, trombone, clarinet, saxophone) and at least one DJ.
WVXS
WVXS is a Mainstream Rock formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Romney, West Virginia, United States, serving Hampshire and Mineral counties in West Virginia. WVXS is owned and operated by South Branch Career and Technical Center.

Romney, West Virginia
Romney is a town in Hampshire County, West Virginia, United States, and its county seat. The population was 1,722 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Winchester, Virginia metropolitan area. The town was established in 1762 along with Shepherdstown; together, they are the two oldest towns in West Virginia.
Caravate
Caravate is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Milan and about 15 kilometres (9 mi) northwest of Varese. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 2,569 and an area of 5.1 square kilometres (2.0 sq mi).

The municipality of Caravate contains the frazioni (subdivisions, mainly villages and hamlets) Stallazzo, San Clemente, Fornazze, Canton d'Oro, Canton Chiedo, Cadè, Castello, Cà Stecco, Pozzei, Monte San Giano, Santa Maria del Sasso, Virolo, and Fornace Farsani.

Caravate borders the following municipalities: Besozzo, Cittiglio, Gemonio, Laveno-Mombello, Leggiuno, Sangiano.

Province of Varese
The province of Varese (Italian: provincia di Varese) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is Varese, but the largest city is Busto Arsizio. The headquarters of AgustaWestland, the company merged into Leonardo since 2016 and the world's largest producer of helicopters, is based in Samarate, a comune (municipality) of the province. The province has 139 municipalities.

It has a population of 881,907 in an area of 1,198.11 square kilometres (462.59 sq mi), making it the 6th most densely populated province of Italy.
ABA Playoffs Most Valuable Player Award
The ABA Playoffs Most Valuable Player Award was an annual American Basketball Association (ABA) given in the ABA Playoffs. The award was first awarded in the 1968 ABA Playoffs and was retired as part of the ABA–NBA merger. In sports, the player judged to be the most important to the team is the most valuable player (MVP).

The inaugural award winner was Pittsburgh Pipers' player Connie Hawkins. On all occasions, the player who won the Playoffs MVP award was from the team that won the ABA championship. Julius Erving, who led the New York Nets to two ABA championships in 1974 and 1976, was the only player to win the award twice.

History of the Brooklyn Nets
The Brooklyn Nets, a professional basketball team based in the New York City borough of Brooklyn, were founded in 1967 and initially played in Teaneck, New Jersey, as the New Jersey Americans, followed by a period spent in Long Island as the New York Nets and later returning to play as the New Jersey Nets. They are a member of the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference in the National Basketball Association (NBA), as well as an original member of the American Basketball Association (ABA). In 2012, the team moved to Brooklyn and were renamed the Brooklyn Nets.
Sveriges Riksbank
Sveriges Riksbank, or simply the Riksbank, is the central bank of Sweden. Established in 1668 by the Riksdag, it is the world's oldest surviving central bank, and the third oldest bank in continuous operation.

Prior to  World War I, it was also the only state-owned central bank outside of the Russian Empire.

It is also a member of the European Systemic Risk Board (ESRB).

European Systemic Risk Board
The European Systemic Risk Board (ESRB) is a group established on 16 December 2010 in response to the euro area crisis. It is tasked with the macro-prudential oversight of the financial system within the European Union in order to contribute to the prevention or mitigation of systemic risks to financial stability in the EU. It shall contribute to the smooth functioning of the internal market and thereby ensure a sustainable contribution of the financial sector to economic growth.

The ESRB is a macro-prudential oversight body of the EU and it is part of the European System of Financial Supervision (ESFS), the purpose of which is to ensure the supervision of the EU's financial system. As a body lacking juridical personality, the ESRB relies on hosting and support by the European Central Bank. It includes representatives from the ECB, national central banks and supervisory authorities of EU member states, and the European Commission.
Gabriel Mazor
Gabriel (Gaby) Mazor (Hebrew: גבריאל מזור; born February 16, 1944) is an Israeli archaeologist working for the Israel Antiquities Authority. Mazor is the director and senior researcher of the Bet She'an Archaeological Project. He is the co-author of "NYSA-Scythopolis: The Caesareum and the Odeum" and has taught in Macalester College and the University of Rochester as a visiting professor. Mazor is also a project consultant on the Horbat ‘Omrit (in the northern Galilee) project.

Mazor obtained his Ph.D. in Classical Archaeology from Bar-Ilan University in 2004. He is a father of two and resides in Jerusalem.

Macalester College
Macalester College (/məˈkælɪstər/ mə-KAL-iss-tər) is a private liberal arts college in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States. Founded in 1874, Macalester is exclusively an undergraduate institution with an enrollment of 2,068 students in the fall of 2025. The college has Scottish and Presbyterian roots and emphasizes internationalism and multiculturalism.

In 2023, the college offered 39 majors, 40 minors, and 11 concentrations. Students also have the option to design their own major. Macalester's sports teams compete in the NCAA Division III-level Minnesota Intercollegiate Athletic Conference. The college's 60-acre main campus is bordered by Summit Avenue to the north and St. Clair Avenue to the south. The 300-acre Ordway Field Station, a nature reserve and research station, is on the outskirts of the Twin Cities, along the Mississippi River.
Cawston's Pride
Cawston's Pride (1968 – 2 June 1976) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. In 1970, she was unbeaten in eight races including the Queen Mary Stakes, Molecomb Stakes, Lowther Stakes and Cornwallis Stakes and was recognised as the outstanding juvenile filly of her generation. After winning Britain's first ever Group race, the Ascot 1000 Guineas Trial, on her debut as a three-year-old she developed temperament problems and was beaten when favourite for the 1000 Guineas. She refused to race on her only subsequent appearance and was retired to stud. She made an exceptional start as a broodmare, producing four stakes winners, including the champion sprinter Solinus, from four foals before dying at the age of eight in 1976. Cawston's Pride has been retrospectively rated the best two-year-old filly trained in Britain in the second half of the 20th century.

1000 Guineas Stakes
The 1000 Guineas Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old fillies. It is run on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and takes place each year in late April or early May on the Sunday following the 2000 Guineas Stakes.

It is the second of Britain's five Classic races, and the first of two restricted to fillies. It can also serve as the opening leg of the Fillies Triple Crown, followed by the Oaks and the St Leger, but the feat of winning all three is rarely attempted.
Elmedia Player
Elmedia Player is a freemium media player developed by Electronic Team, Inc. Founded in 2000 as an alternative to QuickTime, it is offered for the macOS operation system. According to the company, the software has 1 million users as of August 2017.

Its developer, formerly known as Eltima Software, was founded in 2000 and based in US.

On October 19, 2017, the free version of the media player was reported to have contained a malware trojan due to a security breach. Vice reported that nearly 1,000 users downloaded compromised files. Within a short time, the developers stopped the spread of this malware successfully.

Freemium
Freemium, a portmanteau of the words "free" and "premium", is a pricing strategy by which a basic product or service is provided free of charge, but money (a premium) is charged for additional features, services and virtual (online) or physical (offline) goods that expand the functionality of the free version of the software. This business model has been used in the software industry since the 1980s. A subset of this model used by the video game industry is called free-to-play.

The ethics of freemium, especially the free-to-play subset, were criticized by Touch Arcade and Business Insider in 2014 and 2015.
Dale Allison
Dale C. Allison Jr. (born November 25, 1955)  is an American historian and Christian theologian. His areas of expertise include the historical Jesus, the Gospel of Matthew, Second Temple Jewish literature, and the history of the interpretation and reception of the Bible.

Since 2013, Allison is the Richard J. Dearborn Professor of New Testament at Princeton Theological Seminary. He was previously the Erret M. Grable Professor of New Testament at Pittsburgh Theological Seminary (1997–2013). From 2001-2014, he was an editor for the multi-volume Encyclopedia of the Bible and Its Reception.

Christian theology
Christian theology is the theology – the systematic study of the divine and religion – of Christian belief and practice. It concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition. Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument. Theologians may undertake the study of Christian theology for a variety of reasons, such as in order to:

help them better understand Christian tenets

make comparisons between Christianity and other traditions

defend Christianity against objections and criticism

facilitate reforms in the Christian church

assist in the propagation of Christianity

draw on the resources of the Christian tradition to address some present situation or perceived need

education in Christian philosophy, especially in Neoplatonic philosophy
Leytenant Shestakov-class destroyer
The Leytenant Shestakov class consisted of four destroyers built for the Imperial Russian Navy. They were an enlarged derivative of the Vsadnik-class destroyers built by the Germany shipyard Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft. Originally classified as torpedo cruisers, they were redesignated as destroyers on 10 October 1907, prior to completion. The ships served as part of the Black Sea Fleet during the First World War and the Russian Civil War. They are often considered a part of the broader Dobrovolets class, which included several similar classes of destroyers.

Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft
Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft (often just called Germaniawerft, "Germania shipyard") was a German shipbuilding company, located in the harbour at Kiel, and one of the largest and most important builders of U-boats for the Kaiserliche Marine in World War I and the Kriegsmarine in World War II. The original company was founded in 1867 but went bankrupt and was bought out by Friedrich Krupp. Krupp was very interested in building warships and in the time before the First World War built a number of battleships for the Kaiserliche Marine, including SMS Posen, SMS Prinzregent Luitpold, SMS Kronprinz, and SMS Sachsen. A total of 84 U-boats were built in the shipyard during the war. After the war it returned to the normal production of yachts and transports.
Inostroza
Inostroza is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Benjamín Inostroza (born 1997), Chilean footballer

Diego Inostroza (born 1992), Chilean footballer

Eddio Inostroza (born 1946), Chilean footballer

Enrique Inostroza (1921–2006), Chilean marathon runner

Jesús Inostroza (born 1956), Chilean photographer

Juan Inostroza (1942–1989), Chilean fencer

Paris Inostroza (born 1972), Chilean fencer

Raúl Inostroza (1921–1975), Chilean long-distance runner

Eddio Inostroza
Eddio Victorino Inostroza Ibacache (born 3 September 1946) is a Chilean former footballer and manager.

He worked as Colo-Colo assistant coach between 1986 and 1991 being present in the charge during 1991 Copa Libertadores title obtention with Mirko Jozić in the bench. Un 1994, he served as caretaker coach after Vicente Cantatore demission, having a prior experience at Deportes La Serena two years ago.
Ortwin Gamber
Ortwin Gamber (21 March 1925 – 2008) was an Austrian art historian who served as director of the weapons collection at the Kunsthistorisches Museum from 1976 to 1986. He had previously volunteered and following his 1950 graduation, worked at the museum since 1945. He is also a noted weapon collector, and has written several books and articles on the subject.

Institut für Österreichische Geschichtsforschung
The Institute for Austrian Historic Research (German: Institut für Österreichische Geschichtsforschung, acronym IÖG) is a history research institution in Vienna, Austria. Established in 1854, since 2016 it is part of the University of Vienna.
Anguerny
Anguerny (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃ɡɛʁni] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region of northwestern France. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Colomby-Anguerny.

Calvados (department)
Calvados (UK: /ˈkælvədɒs/, US: /-doʊs, ˌkælvəˈdoʊs, ˌkɑːlvəˈ-/; French: [kalvados] ⓘ) is a department in the Normandy region in northwestern France. It takes its name from a cluster of rocks off the Normandy coast. In 2019, it had a population of 694,905.