hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Finny snake eel
The finny snake eel (Caecula pterygera) is an eel in the family Ophichthidae (worm/snake eels). It was described by Martin Vahl in 1794. It is a marine, tropical eel which is known from the Indian Ocean, including southern India. It is known to inhabit inshore areas of turbid waters and estuaries, though not specifically for breeding purposes. Males can reach a maximum total length of 30 centimetres, but more commonly reach a TL of 20 cm.

The finny snake eel is marketed fresh, and used primarily for fishing bait.

Turbidity
Turbidity is the cloudiness or haziness of a fluid caused by large numbers of individual particles that are generally invisible to the naked eye. The measurement of turbidity is a key test of both water clarity and water quality.

Fluids can contain suspended solid matter consisting of particles of many different sizes. While some suspended material will be large enough and heavy enough to settle rapidly to the bottom of the container if a liquid sample is left to stand (the settable solids), very small particles will settle only very slowly or not at all if the sample is regularly agitated or the particles are colloidal. These small solid particles cause the liquid to appear turbid.

Turbidity (or haze) is also applied to transparent solids such as glass or plastic. In plastic production, haze is defined as the percentage of light that is deflected more than 2.5° from the incoming light direction.
Treaty of Saint-Omer
In the Treaty of Saint-Omer, Archduke  Sigismund of Habsburg mortgaged the County of Ferrette along with the Landgraviate of Upper Alsace to Duke Charles the Bold, in Saint-Omer (Pas-de-Calais) on 9 May 1469. The treaty laid the foundation for the Burgundian Wars.

Landgrave
Landgrave (German: Landgraf, Dutch: landgraaf, Swedish: lantgreve, French: landgrave; Latin: comes magnus, comes patriae, comes provinciae, comes terrae, comes principalis, lantgravius) was a rank of nobility used in the Holy Roman Empire, and its former territories. The German titles of Landgraf, Markgraf ("margrave"), and Pfalzgraf ("count palatine") are of roughly equal rank, subordinate to Herzog ("duke"), and superior to Graf ("count").
G1213 Bei'an–Mohe Expressway
The Bei'an–Mohe Expressway (Chinese: 北安－漠河高速公路), designated as G1213 and commonly abbreviated as Yancheng Expressway (Chinese: 北漠高速), is an expressway in Heilongjiang, Northeast China linking the cities of Bei'an and Mohe, Heilongjiang. The highway is a branch of G12 Hunchun–Ulanhot Expressway.

Bei'an
Bei'an (Chinese: 北安; pinyin: Běi'ān; lit. 'northern peace') is a county-level city in west-central Heilongjiang province in the People's Republic of China. It is under the jurisdiction of Heihe.
Bei'an was the provincial capital of Bei'an province of Manchukuo, a puppet state set up by Japan during the Second World War. Bei'an received the unofficial moniker of "Gun City" because it was the location of Factory #626; which mainly manufactured Chinese clones of WW2 firearms and Type 56 rifles. Eventually, it was privatized in the 1980s as the Shougang Kingho Plant until it went bankrupt in 2006. Six years later, a museum detailing the history of Factory #626 opened.
Edna Moyle
Edna M. Moyle, OBE, JP OBE (19 January 1942 – 21 May 2013) was a Caymanian politician who served as the Member of the Legislative Assembly for the district of North Side from 1992 to 2009, including a tenure the Speaker of the Legislative Assembly of the Cayman Islands from May 2005 until May 2009.

North Side, Cayman Islands
North Side is a town and district in the Cayman Islands. Located on the northern coast of Grand Cayman, in 2021 it had a population of 1,902.

There is a primary school and high school in the district, as well as an association football team called the North Side FC.
Michel Le Moal
Michel Le Moal (born 28 September 1934)  is a French neuropsychiatrist and neuroscientist from Le Havre. In France, he is considered to be the first to research the establishing relationships between behavior and neuroscience, as well as creating an integrative neurobiology.

Neuroscientist
A neuroscientist (or neurobiologist) is a scientist specializing in neuroscience that deals with the anatomy and function of neurons, neural circuits, and glia, and their behavioral, biological, and psychological roles in health and disease.

Neuroscientists generally work as researchers within a college, university, government agency, or private industry setting. In research-oriented careers, neuroscientists design and conduct scientific experiments on the nervous system and its functions. They can engage in basic or applied research. Basic research seeks to expand current understanding of the nervous system, whereas applied research seeks to address a specific problem, such as developing a treatment for a neurological disorder.

Neuroscientists have numerous career opportunities outside of academic research, including careers in industry, science writing, government program management, science advocacy, and education. A neuroscientist commonly holds a doctorate in a medical science.
Gareth Wigan
Gareth Wigan (2 December 1931 – 13 February 2010) was a British agent, producer and studio executive known for working on such films as George Lucas's Star Wars.  His early recognition of the power of the global entertainment market allowed his employer, Sony Pictures Entertainment, to take advantage of films such as Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon.

Studio executive
A studio executive is an employee of a film studio or a corporation doing business in the entertainment industry.

A studio executive may be a chief executive officer (CEO), a chief financial officer (CFO), or a chief operating officer (COO), or be employed to serve in a variety of vice presidential capacities, such as senior vice president of corporate relations.

A studio executive may oversee production or may serve in a role identical to a corporation that is not involved in the entertainment industry.

Studio executive is commonly used to describe someone who takes responsibility for all interests, financial or otherwise, between the film studio and the production company of a film.
Tongdok station
Tongdŏk station is a railway station in greater Tanch'ŏn city, South Hamgyŏng province, North Korea, on the Kŭmgol Line of the Korean State Railway. It was opened on 30 March 1943 along with the rest of the Yŏhaejin–Tongam section of the line. Originally called Hamnam Kwangch'ŏn station (Chosŏn'gŭl: 함남광천역, Hanja: 咸南広泉駅), it received its current name in 1945.

South Hamgyong Province
South Hamgyong Province (Korean: 함경남도, Hamgyŏngnamdo; Korean pronunciation: [ham.ɡjʌŋ.nam.do]) is a province of North Korea.  The province was formed in 1896 from the southern half of the former Hamgyong Province, remained a province of Korea until 1945, then became a province of North Korea. Its capital is Hamhung.
18th Vanier Cup
The 18th Vanier Cup was played on November 20, 1982, at Varsity Stadium in Toronto, Ontario, and decided the CIAU football champion for the 1982 season. The UBC Thunderbirds won their first ever championship by defeating the Western Mustangs by a score of 39-14.

Varsity Stadium
Varsity Stadium is an outdoor collegiate stadium of the University of Toronto located at the "Varsity Centre & Arena", a sports complex on the university's St. George campus in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Athletic events have been hosted on the site since 1898; the current stadium was built in 2007 to replace the original permanent stadium built in 1911. Varsity Stadium is also a former home of the Toronto Argonauts, and has previously hosted the Grey Cup, the Vanier Cup, several matches of the 1976 Summer Olympics soccer tournament, and the final game of the North American Soccer League's 1984 Soccer Bowl series (which was also the last game played by the original NASL). It is located next to Varsity Arena.

The stadium is home to the Toronto Varsity Blues football, soccer, and rugby teams.
Ali Al Haj
Ali Jamal Al Haj (Arabic: علي جمال الحاج; born 2 February 2001) is a Lebanese footballer who plays as a forward for Lebanese Premier League club Nejmeh.

Coming through the youth system, Al Haj scored on his senior debut for Nejmeh in 2018, becoming the first player born in the 21st century to score in the Lebanese Premier League. In 2020, he joined Ahed with whom he won a league title. Al Haj played for the Lebanon national team between 2022 and 2024.

2019 AFC Cup
The 2019 AFC Cup was the 16th edition of the AFC Cup, Asia's secondary club football tournament organized by the Asian Football Confederation (AFC).

Al-Ahed from Lebanon won the title for the first time, defeating April 25 from North Korea in the final. Al-Quwa Al-Jawiya were the title holders, having won the previous three editions of the tournament. However, they were unable to defend the title as Iraqi teams played in the AFC Champions League instead of the AFC Cup in the 2019 edition.
Agafokleya Poltoratskaya
Agafokleya Aleksandrovna Poltoratskaya (née Shishkova; 1737-1822), was a Russian entrepreneur and major landowner. She and her spouse Mark Poltoratsky were the founders of the noble family of Poltoratsky. She was a major business person and landowner of her time, and created a substantial fortune which helped her spouse attain nobility. She was a great contributor to the church, and also infamous because of her alleged great mistreatment of her serfs, which reportedly led Emperor Alexander of Russia to have her prosecuted.

Poltoratsky family
The Poltoratsky family was a Russian noble family, descended from the Cossack Mark Fedorovich Poltoratsky (1729–1795), who during the reign of Catherine the Great, was in charge of the Court Singing Chapel. The Poltoratsky coat of arms shows a harp as a sign of this.
Grahovac, Montenegro
Grahovac (Montenegrin Cyrillic: Граховац) is a village in western Montenegro, in the municipality of Nikšić. The village is located on a karst plateau overlooking the Grahovo field and Lake Grahovo. According to the 2011 census, it had 117 inhabitants, vast majority of which are ethnic Montenegrins.

Polje
A polje, also called karst polje or karst field, is a large flat plain found in karstic geological regions of the world, with areas usually in the range of 5–400 km2 (2–154 sq mi). The name derives from the Slavic languages, where polje literally means 'field', whereas in English polje specifically refers to a karst plain or karst field.
Texas Assessment of Academic Skills
The TAAS, or Texas Assessment of Academic Skills, was the third standardized test used in Texas between 1991 and 2002, when it was replaced by the TAKS test from 2003 to 2013. It was used from grades 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11. Passing the Grade 11 level was required for graduation, but many opportunities for retesting were available. The implementation of the TAAS was the first time a state-mandated exam was required to be passed for graduation. There were many alternative routes available for students unable to pass the TAAS.

The TAAS tested 3 areas of proficiency: reading, writing, and math. The math and reading sections consisted of multiple-choice, while the writing section consisted of a series of prompts for which essays had to be written.

In 2002, researchers Jere Confrey and David Carrejo presented a paper that criticized the TAAS. They found that the "data provided to teachers for instructional decision-making" did not always reconcile with "published test structure".: 549–550

Educational stage
Educational stages are subdivisions of formal learning, typically covering early childhood education, primary education, secondary education and tertiary education. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) recognizes nine levels of education in its International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) system (from Level 0 (pre-primary education) through Level 8 (doctoral)). UNESCO's International Bureau of Education maintains a database of country-specific education systems and their stages. Some countries divide levels of study into grades or forms for school children in the same year.
KCAL-FM
KCAL-FM (96.7 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Redlands, California, and broadcasting to the Inland Empire. The station is owned by Anaheim Broadcasting and airs an active rock format. The station's studios are on Orange Tree Lane in Redlands.

KCAL-FM is a Class A station. Its transmitter site is off Cloudland Truck Trail near Lake Arrowhead in the San Bernardino Mountains. Programming is simulcast on KCAL-FM1, a booster station in Twin Peaks.

Twin Peaks, California
Twin Peaks is an unincorporated community in San Bernardino County, California, United States, within the heart of the San Bernardino Mountains. California State Route 189 runs through the entire area before it reaches Lake Arrowhead. Twin Peaks has a post office with ZIP code 92391, which opened in 1916.
Bumin Qaghan
Bumin Qaghan (Old Turkic: 𐰉𐰆𐰢𐰣:𐰴𐰍𐰣, romanized: Bumïn qaɣan, died 552 AD) was the founder of the First Turkic Khaganate. His regnal title was Illig Qaghan (Chinese: 伊利可汗, romanized: Yīlì Kèhán, Wade–Giles: i-li k'o-han). He was the eldest son of Ashina Tuwu (吐務 / 吐务). He was the chieftain of the Turks under the sovereignty of the Rouran Khaganate. He is also mentioned as Tumen (土門, 吐門, commander of ten thousand) of the Rouran Khaganate.

Orkhon inscriptions
The Orkhon inscriptions are bilingual texts in Middle Chinese and Old Turkic, the latter written in the Old Turkic alphabet, carved into two memorial steles erected in the early 8th century by the Göktürks in the Orkhon Valley in what is modern-day Mongolia. They were created in honor of two Turkic princes, Kul Tigin and his brother Bilge Qaghan.

The inscriptions relate in both languages the legendary origins of the Turks, the golden age of their history, their subjugation by the Tang dynasty, and their liberation by Ilterish Qaghan. According to one source, the inscriptions contain "rhythmic and parallelistic passages" which resemble that of epics.
H Street Line
The H Street Line, designated Route D20, is a daily bus route operated by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority between Minnesota Avenue station, which is served by the Orange and Silver Lines of the Washington Metro and Farragut Square in Downtown Washington. Late night and early morning trips are extended to Foggy Bottom station, which is served by the Blue, Silver and Orange Lines of the Washington Metro. The line operates every 10–12 minutes daily and 15–20 minutes during late nights. Trips are roughly 45 minutes long.

Benning Road
Benning Road is a major traveled street in Washington, D.C., and Prince George's County, Maryland.

The street's western terminus is at the Starburst Intersection in the Northeast quadrant of the city at Bladensburg Road, Florida Avenue, Maryland Avenue, H Street and 15th Street. It passes over the Anacostia River via the Ethel Kennedy Bridge into the neighborhood of Benning. It continues southeast across East Capitol Street into the Southeast quadrant, crossing Southern Avenue and the D.C.-Maryland boundary into Maryland, ending at an intersection with Marlboro Pike (a former alignment of Maryland Route 4).
Fair trade certification
A fair trade certification is a product certification within the market-based movement of fair trade. The most widely used fair trade certification is FLO International's, the International Fairtrade Certification Mark, used in Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia and New Zealand. Fair Trade Certified Mark is the North American equivalent of the International Fairtrade Certification Mark. As of January 2011, there were more than 1,000 companies certified by FLO International's certification and a further 1,000 or so certified by other ethical and fairtrade certification schemes around the world.

The Fairtrade International certification system covers a wide range of products, including banana, coffee, cocoa, cotton, cane sugar, flowers and plants, honey, dried fruit, fruit juices, herbs, spices, tea, nuts and vegetables.

Whole Foods Market
Whole Foods Market, Inc. (colloquially referred to as simply Whole Foods) is an American multinational supermarket chain headquartered in Austin, Texas, owned wholly by Amazon, and which generally sells whole food products free from hydrogenated fats and artificial colors, flavors, and preservatives. A USDA Certified Organic grocer in the United States, the chain is popularly known for its organic selections.

John Mackey, the last remaining co-founder of Whole Foods Market, sold the company to Amazon for $13.7 billion on August 28, 2017. As of March 4, 2019, Whole Foods has more than 500 stores in North America and six in the United Kingdom.
Göktürk (Istanbul Metro)
Göktürk is an underground station on the M11 line of the Istanbul Metro in Eyüp. It has one entrance located on Atatürk Street in the Göktürk Tree Plantation in the town of Göktürk, Eyüp district, Turkey. The station is among the first five metro stations to be located outside of the city (urban area) of Istanbul.

Construction of the station began in 2016, along with the entire route from Gayrettepe to the Istanbul Airport.

The Göktürk Station was opened on along the rest of the M11 line on 22 January 2023.

Göktürk, Istanbul
Göktürk or Göktürk Merkez, formerly known as Pektinaxôrion or Petnahor, is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Eyüpsultan, Istanbul Province, Turkey. Its population is 39,639 (as of 2022). It was an independent municipality until it was merged into the municipality of Eyüp in 2008.
Kurt W. Forster
Kurt W. Forster (12 August 1935 – 6 January 2024) was a Swiss architectural historian and teacher. He was the past head of the doctoral studies program at the Yale School of Architecture and the former director of the Getty Research Institute (GRI), the Canadian Centre for Architecture (CCA), and the Venice Architecture Biennale. Zurich-born Forster died on 6 January 2024, at the age of 88 in New York.

In 2007, he received the Prix Meret-Oppenheim. In 2021, he received the Schinkel-Preis der Fontanestadt Neuruppin.

Venice Biennale of Architecture
The Venice Biennale of Architecture (Italian: Mostra di Architettura di Venezia) is an international exhibition showcasing architectural works from around the world, held in Venice, Italy, every other year.

Originally held in even-numbered years until 2018, the event was postponed in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and rescheduled for 2021, shifting the calendar to odd-numbered years. It forms the architecture section of the broader Venice Biennale and was officially established in 1980, although architecture had been included in the Venice Art Biennale since 1968.

The Biennale is divided into two main sections: the permanent national pavilions located in the Giardini della Biennale, and the Arsenale, which hosts projects from numerous countries under one roof.
Anura, Varanasi
Anura is a village in Pindra Tehsil of Varanasi district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Anura is within the Karoma gram panchayat. The village is about 18.5 kilometers North-West of Varanasi city, 321 kilometers South-East of state capital Lucknow and 797 kilometers South-East of the national capital Delhi.

Varanasi district
Varanasi district is a district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, with the holy city of Varanasi as the district headquarters. It is also the headquarters of the Varanasi division which contains 4 districts (including Varanasi).

It is surrounded by Mirzapur district, Jaunpur district, Ghazipur district, Chandauli district, and Bhadohi district. The Ganga (Ganges) river flows through the district. Part of the Varanasi division, the district occupies an area of 1,535 square kilometres (593 sq mi) and as of the 2011 Census of India, it had a population of 3,676,841.
Mr. Black Mr. White
Mr. White Mr. Black is a 2008 Indian Hindi-language film directed by Deepak Shivdasani, starring Sunil Shetty, Arshad Warsi, Anishka Khosla, Rashmi Nigam, Sharat Saxena, Ashish Vidyarthi and Sadashiv Amrapurkar. The film also features foreign actresses Tania Zaetta and former Miss Thailand Kamala Ning.

Miss Thailand
Miss Thailand (Thai: นางสาวไทย; RTGS: Nang Sao Thai), is a beauty pageant held in Thailand for Thai women first held in 1934 under the name of Miss Siam (Thai: นางสาวสยาม; RTGS: Nang Sao Sayam). Since 2025, The winner of Miss Thailand pageant represents Thailand at Miss Cosmo.

The reigning Miss Thailand 2025 is Chotnapa Kaewjarun from Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya.
Chidambaram (film)
Chidambaram. is a 1985 Malayalam film written, directed and produced by G. Aravindan. It is the film adaptation of a short story by C. V. Sreeraman.  The film explores various aspects of relations between men and women through the lives of three people living in a cattle farm. Themes of guilt and redemption are also dealt with. Bharath Gopi, Smita Patil, Sreenivasan and Mohan Das play the lead roles. It won the National Film Award for Best Feature Film and five Kerala State Film Awards including Best Film and Best Direction.

Kerala State Film Awards
The Kerala State Film Awards  are the film awards for a motion picture made in Kerala. The awards were begun in 1969 by the Department of Cultural Affairs, Government of Kerala and since 1998 the awards have been bestowed by Kerala State Chalachitra Academy on behalf of the Department of Cultural Affairs.

The awardees are decided by an independent jury formed by the academy and the Department of Cultural Affairs, Kerala. The jury usually consists of eminent personalities from the film field. For the awards for literature on cinema a separate jury is formed. The academy annually invites films for the award and the jury analyses the films that are submitted before deciding the winners. The awards intend to promote films with artistic values and encourage artists, technicians and producers. The awards are declared by the Minister for Cultural Affairs and are presented by the Chief Minister of Kerala.
Central Fund (Ireland)
The Central Fund (Irish: Príomh-Chiste) is the main accounting fund used by the government of Ireland. It is a bank account held at the Central Bank of Ireland, managed by the Minister for Finance as head of the Department of Finance. It is informally called the exchequer (an Státchiste) by analogy with the UK Exchequer.

Department of Finance (Ireland)
The Department of Finance (Irish: An Roinn Airgeadais) is a department of the Government of Ireland. It is led by the Minister for Finance.

The Department of Finance is responsible for the administration of the public finances of Ireland and all powers, duties and functions connected with the same, including in particular, the collection and expenditure of the revenues of Ireland from whatever source arising.
Casalvecchio Siculo
Casalvecchio Siculo (Sicilian: Casalvecchiu Sìculu) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Messina in the Italian region Sicily, located about 170 kilometres (110 mi) east of Palermo and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southwest of Messina.

Sicilian language
Sicilian (sicilianu, pronounced [sɪʃɪˈljaːnʊ, sɪdʒɪˈljaːnʊ]; Italian: siciliano) is a Romance language that is spoken on the island of Sicily and its satellite islands.
It belongs to the broader Extreme Southern Italian language group (Italian: italiano meridionale estremo).

Ethnologue (see below for more detail) describes Sicilian as being "distinct enough from Standard Italian to be considered a separate language", and it is recognized as a minority language by UNESCO. It has been referred to as a language by the Sicilian Region. It has the oldest literary tradition of the Italo-Romance languages. A version of the UNESCO Courier is also available in Sicilian.