hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Schneider-Schott Music Prize
The Schneider-Schott Music Prize is a cash award bestowed to an outstanding composer, performing artist, or music ensemble in classical music—with emphasis, but not mandatory, on contemporary music. From 1986 to 2006, the prize was awarded annually, and thereafter, biennially. The prize is alternately given to a composer and an interpreter. The award ceremony is traditionally associated with a concert by the award winner.

Contemporary classical music
Contemporary classical music is Western art music composed close to the present day. At the beginning of the 21st century, it commonly referred to the post-1945 post-tonal music after the death of Anton Webern, and included serial music, electronic music, experimental music, and minimalist music. Newer forms of music include spectral music and post-minimalism.
Mike Manley (artist)
Michael Manley (born October 19, 1961) is an American artist, most notable as a comic strip cartoonist and comic book inker and penciller. Manley currently draws two syndicated comic strips, Judge Parker and The Phantom. He is also known for co-creating the Marvel Comics character Darkhawk.

Penciller
A penciller (or penciler) is an artist who works on the creation of comic books, graphic novels, and similar visual art forms, with a focus on the initial pencil illustrations.

In the American comic book industry, the penciller is the first step in rendering the story in visual form, and may require several steps of feedback with the writer. These artists are concerned with layout (positions and vantages on scenes) to showcase steps in the plot.
Tirailleur
A tirailleur (French: [tiʁajœʁ]), in the Napoleonic era, was a type of light infantry trained to skirmish ahead of the main columns. Later, the term "tirailleur" was used by the French Army as a designation for indigenous infantry recruited in the French colonial territories during the 19th and 20th centuries, or for metropolitan units serving in a light infantry role.

The French army currently maintains one tirailleur regiment, the 1st Tirailleur Regiment. This regiment was known as the 170th Infantry Regiment between 1964 and 1994. Prior to 1964, it was known as the 7th Algerian Tirailleur Regiment, but changed its name after it moved to France as a result of Algerian independence.

Rachid Bouchareb
Rachid Bouchareb (born 1 September 1953) is a French film director and producer. His films are based on the complex history of France and its relationship with its former colony, Algeria. His films also examine racial discrimination and conflicts in other countries, using historical dramas and contemporary settings to show his message.
Tuesday, After Christmas
Tuesday, After Christmas (Romanian: Marți, după Crăciun) is a 2010 Romanian film written and directed by Radu Muntean. The film was selected for the Un Certain Regard section of 2010 Cannes Film Festival.

Un Certain Regard
Un Certain Regard (French: [œ̃ sɛʁtɛ̃ ʁəɡaʁ]; 'A Certain Glance') is a section of the Cannes Film Festival's official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme d'Or. This section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob.

The section presents 20 films with unusual styles and non-traditional stories seeking international recognition.

Since 1998, the section has awarded the Un Certain Regard Prize to one film in the lineup, recognising emerging talent and innovative work. At the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, Killer by Darezhan Omirbaev was named the inaugural winner, while The Mysterious Gaze of the Flamingo by Diego Céspedes is the most recent winner (2025).
Forter Castle
Forter Castle is located in Glenisla, Perthshire, Scotland. It was built in 1560 by James Ogilvy, the 5th Lord of Airlie. In 1640, it was burned by Archibald Campbell, the 8th Earl of Argyll, but it was rebuilt in the early 1990s.

The grid reference is NO18239 64640 and the latitude/longitude is 56.766148, −3.339154.

The castle is located within Angus council area and inside Cairngorms National Park. It is a Category B historically listed building by Historic Environment Scotland; when listed, it was still a ruin. The listing states that the castle was "perpetuated in ballad, "Bonnie House of Airlie".

River Isla, Perthshire
The River Isla (Scottish Gaelic: Uisge Ìl)  is a tributary of the River Tay in Angus and Perthshire, Scotland. It rises in the Grampians before flowing down through Glen Isla into the Valley of Strathmore. After a course of 46 miles (74 km), it falls into the Tay near Meikleour. Its tributaries include the Ericht.
Listed buildings in Ratcliffe-on-Soar
Ratcliffe-on-Soar is a civil parish in the Rushcliffe district of Nottinghamshire, England.  The parish contains four listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The parish contains the village of Ratcliffe-on-Soar and the surrounding area.  The listed buildings consist of a church, a farmhouse, a bridge and a canal lock, and a pair of railway tunnel portals.

Portal (architecture)
A portal is an opening in a wall of a building, gate or fortification, especially a grand entrance to an important structure.

Doors, metal gates, or portcullis in the opening can be used to control entry or exit. The surface surrounding the opening may be made of simple building materials or decorated with ornamentation. The elements of a portal can include the voussoir, tympanum, an ornamented mullion or trumeau between doors, and columns with carvings of saints in the westwork of a church.
The Sherry-Netherland
The Sherry-Netherland is a 38-story apartment hotel located at 781 Fifth Avenue on the corner of East 59th Street on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City. It was designed by  Schultze & Weaver with Buchman & Kahn. At 560 ft (170.7 m), it was the tallest apartment hotel in New York City when it opened. The building is located in the Upper East Side Historic District, which was created in 1981.

Apartment hotel
An apartment hotel or aparthotel (also residential hotel or extended-stay hotel) is a serviced apartment complex that uses a hotel-style booking system. It is similar to renting an apartment, but with no fixed contracts and occupants can "check out" whenever they wish, subject to the applicable minimum length of stay imposed by the company.

An apartment hotel complex usually offers a complete fully fitted apartment. These complexes are usually custom built, and similar to a hotel complex containing a varied number of apartments. The length of stay in these apartment hotels is varied with anywhere from a few days to months or even years.  The people who stay in apartment hotels use them as long-term accommodation; therefore, the hotels are often fitted with most things the average home would require.
2005 Newry and Mourne District Council election
Elections to Newry and Mourne District Council were held on 5 May 2005 on the same day as the other Northern Irish local government elections. The election used five district electoral areas to elect a total of 30 councillors.

Local government in Northern Ireland
Local government in Northern Ireland is divided among 11 single-tier districts known as local government districts (abbreviated LGDs) and formerly known as district council areas (DCAs). Councils in Northern Ireland do not carry out the same range of functions as those in the rest of the United Kingdom; for example they have no responsibility for education, road-building or housing (although they do nominate members to the advisory Northern Ireland Housing Council). Their 
functions include planning, waste and recycling services, leisure and community services, building control and local economic and cultural development. The collection of rates is handled centrally by the Land and Property Services agency of the Northern Ireland Executive.
Craigieburn Bypass Trail
The Craigieburn Bypass Trail (also known as the Galada Tamboore Pathway), is a shared use path for cyclists and pedestrians in the outer northern suburbs of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. In 2008 it was given the local name of the Galada Tamboore Pathway - Wurundjeri for "creek waterhole" or "stream waterhole" - as it goes past the Craigieburn, Cooper street and Galada Tamboore grasslands which are all nationally significant for their plains grassland and riparian habitat for endangered and vulnerable native fauna and flora, including the critically endangered Golden Sun Moth.

While in Craigieburn consider a side trip to Mount Ridley or a return trip via the Broadmeadows Valley Trail.

An interactive map of the trail as well as others in the Melbourne area is available from the 'External Links' section in this article.

Synemon plana
Synemon plana, commonly known as the golden sun moth, is a diurnal moth native to Australia and throughout its range, it is currently classified as vulnerable under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999.
Dall Fields
Dall C. Fields (11 July 1889 Roann, Indiana — 17 August 1956) was an American bassoonist, composer, and music educator who for much of his career was based in and around Chicago. As a performer, he had been a bassoonist with the Cincinnati Symphony Orchestra, the Minneapolis Symphony Orchestra (1917–1918 season), the Chicago Philharmonic Orchestra (1st bassoon), and later, the Bachman Woodwind Ensemble. As an educator, he taught mostly in the Chicago area, teaching out of his own studio and through affiliations with the Maywood extension of the Chicago Conservatory of Music.  He also taught at Yale University and through affiliations with August Bucci (1897–1935), William Johnson of Valparaiso, Indiana, and the Valpo Music House (serving Valparaiso and Porter County).

Music Conservatory (Chicago College of Performing Arts)
The Music Conservatory is a musical arts conservatory at the Chicago College of Performing Arts at Roosevelt University in Chicago, Illinois, United States.

It was founded in 1867 as the Chicago Musical College, a conservatory. In 1954, the Chicago Musical College became part of Roosevelt University. In 1997, the Chicago Musical College joined with the university's theater program to become the College of the Performing Arts; and in 2000, it was renamed the Music Conservatory of the Chicago College of Performing Arts.

The Music Conservatory is organized into departments coordinated by the director. Curricula with a major in piano, string (including guitar), wind, or percussion instruments, voice, orchestral studies, composition, music education, and jazz studies lead to the degree of Bachelor of Music. An individualized program of studies in music combined with course work in a second discipline leads to the Bachelor of Musical Arts degree.
Hyphalosaurus
Hyphalosaurus (meaning "submerged lizard") is a genus of freshwater aquatic reptiles, belonging to the extinct order Choristodera. They lived during the early Cretaceous period (late Barremian to early Aptian age), about 123-120 million years ago. The genus contains two species, H. lingyuanensis from the Yixian Formation and H. baitaigouensis from both the Yixian and Jiufotang Formation of Liaoning Province, China. They are among the best-known animals from the Jehol Biota, with thousands of fossil specimens representing all growth stages in scientific and private collections.

Aptian
The Aptian is an age in the geologic timescale or a stage in the stratigraphic column. It is a subdivision of the Early or Lower Cretaceous Epoch or Series and encompasses the time from 121.4 ± 0.6 Ma to 113.2 ± 0.3 Ma (million years ago), approximately. The Aptian succeeds the Barremian and precedes the Albian, all part of the Lower/Early Cretaceous.

The Aptian partly overlaps the upper part of the Western European Urgonian Stage.

The Selli Event, also known as OAE1a, was one of two oceanic anoxic events in the Cretaceous Period, which occurred around 120 Ma and lasted approximately 1 to 1.3 million years, being marked by enhanced silicate weathering, as well as ocean acidification. The Aptian extinction was a minor extinction event hypothesized to have occurred around 116 to 117 Ma.
Laval (provincial electoral district)
Laval (French: [laval] ⓘ) was a former provincial electoral district in the province of Quebec, Canada. It was located in the Laval region north of Montreal, but for some of its history it also included parts of Montreal itself.

It was created for the 1867 election (and an electoral district of that name existed earlier in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada). The final election where Laval was a riding was in 1976. Electoral district boundaries were changed for the 1981 election and its successor electoral districts were Fabre and Chomedey.

1867 Quebec general election
The 1867 Quebec general election was held in August and September 1867 to elect members of the First Legislature for the Province of Quebec, Canada. The Quebec Conservative Party, led by Premier Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau, defeated the Quebec Liberal Party led by Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière.
Ole Ellefsæter
Ole Martin Ellefsæter (15 February 1939 – 18 October 2022) was a Norwegian athlete. He mostly competed in cross-country skiing, and won two gold medals at the 1968 Winter Olympics. At the 1966 FIS Nordic World Ski Championships he won one gold (4 × 10 km relay) and one silver (15 km) medal, and in 1971 he became the first Norwegian to win Vasaloppet.

Competing in the 3000 metres steeplechase, he won six national championships in a row, from 1960 to 1965. For his accomplishments in both sports, he was awarded Egebergs Ærespris.

Ellefsæter also had a singing career, and had two hit songs in Norway.

3000 metres steeplechase
The 3000 metres steeplechase or 3000-meter steeplechase (usually abbreviated as 3000mSC) is the most common distance for the steeplechase in track and field. It is an obstacle race over the distance of the 3000 metres, which derives its name from the horse racing steeplechase.
Leechburg Bridge
The Leechburg Bridge is a bridge that crosses the Kiskiminetas River
between West Leechburg and Leechburg in Pennsylvania U.S.A. It carries unsigned state route 4093 and connects with Pennsylvania Route 66 just after the Leechburg approach.

This five-span 1935 truss bridge replaced an older structure on the site. It features unusually wide shoulders, due to the presence of turning lanes immediately at the ends of the bridge. In 1984, the bridge was rehabilitated.

Leechburg, Pennsylvania
Leechburg is a borough in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, United States. Situated along the Kiskiminetas River, it is part of the Allegheny-Kiski Valley region. Leechburg was founded in the early 19th century and became known for its role in the steel and natural gas industries. As of the 2020 census, the population was 2,149.
Rosemary Blight
Rosemary Blight is an Australian film producer, credited with films such as The Sapphires (world premiere at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival and AACTA Award for Best Film), The Tree (closed the 2010 Cannes Film Festival), and Clubland (featured at the Sundance Film Festival). Her television work includes the Lockie Leonard series. She has been principal partner and company director with Goalpost Pictures since 1992, and a board member of Screen Australia since 2013.

Premiere
A premiere, also spelled première, (from French: première, 1re, transl. first, 1st) is the debut (first public presentation) of a work, i.e. play, film, dance, musical composition, or even a performer in that work.
Stephen Baynes
Stephen Baynes (born 1956 in Adelaide, South Australia) has been Resident Choreographer with The Australian Ballet since 1995. He trained with Joanne Priest and graduated from The Australian Ballet School in 1975. He has danced with the Australian Ballet (1976–81, 1985 and promoted to Soloist in 1992), the Stuttgart Ballet (1981–84) and worked with choreographers such as Kenneth MacMillan, John Neumeier, William Forsythe and Hans van Manen.

He has also created works for La Scala Ballet, Sydney Dance Company, West Australian Ballet, the Queensland Ballet, Pacific Northwest Ballet and New York City Ballet's Diamond Project.

John Neumeier
John Neumeier (born February 24, 1939) is an American ballet dancer, choreographer, and director. He was the director and principal choreographer of Hamburg Ballet from 1973 to 2024 and the artistic director of the ballet at the Hamburg State Opera from 1996-2024.

In 1978 he founded The School of the Hamburg Ballet, which includes a boarding school for 34 students. He has been the general director and artistic supervisor of the German National Youth Ballet since it was founded in 2011.
Sugden Reservoir
The Sugden Reservoir is a Massachusetts reservoir located in Spencer, Massachusetts. It forms the headwaters of Shaw Brook, which is a tributary to Turkey Hill Creek, a major tributary to the Seven Mile River. This water body is part of the Chicopee River Watershed.

Spencer, Massachusetts
Spencer is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 11,992 at the 2020 census.

For geographic and demographic information on the census-designated place Spencer, please see the article Spencer (CDP), Massachusetts.
Aeroflot Flight 1080
Aeroflot Flight 1080 was a Soviet domestic passenger flight from Sverdlovsk (now Yekaterinburg), Russia, to Dzhambul (now Taraz), Kazakhstan, that crashed at night shortly after takeoff on 7 October 1978. All 38 passengers and crew were killed in the crash which occurred when one of the engines failed due to icing during initial climb out. At the time, the crash was the second worst in the history of the Yakovlev Yak-40, which had entered operational service with Aeroflot just ten years prior.

Yakovlev Yak-40
The Yakovlev Yak-40 (Russian: Яковлев Як-40; NATO reporting name: Codling) is a regional jet designed in Soviet Union by Yakovlev. The trijet's maiden flight was in 1966, and it was in production from 1967 to 1981. It was introduced to service in 1968, with export models following in 1970.
Methylmalonic acid semialdehyde
Methylmalonic acid semialdehyde is an intermediate in the metabolism of thymine and valine. It is a substrate of the enzyme methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (acylating), which converts it to propionyl-CoA.

Methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (acylating)
In enzymology, methylmalonate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (acylating) (EC 1.2.1.27) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

The three substrates of this enzyme are methylmalonic acid semialdehyde, coenzyme A (CoA), and oxidised nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). Its products are propionyl-CoA, carbon dioxide, reduced NADH, and a proton.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2-methyl-3-oxopropanoate:NAD+ 3-oxidoreductase (CoA-propanoylating). Other names in common use include MSDH, and MMSA dehydrogenase.  This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic pathways: inositol metabolism, valine, leucine and isoleucine degradation, and propanoate metabolism.
Everything Is Alive (album)
Everything Is Alive is the fifth studio album by English rock band Slowdive, released on 1 September 2023 through Dead Oceans. It is their first album in six years and their second since reforming, following their self-titled album released in 2017.

The album received critical acclaim and was commercially successful throughout Europe, reaching the top ten in Belgium, Germany, the Netherlands, New Zealand and the United Kingdom.

Simon Scott (drummer)
Simon Scott (born 3 March 1971) is an English musician, mastering engineer and sound artist, best known as the drummer in Slowdive and formerly of Lowgold and The Charlottes. He also fronted Inner Sleeve/Televise, and has released ambient music as a solo artist.
Poisson-type random measure
Poisson-type random measures are a family of three random counting measures which are closed under restriction to a subspace, i.e. closed under thinning. They are the only distributions in the canonical non-negative power series family of distributions to possess this property and include the Poisson distribution, negative binomial distribution, and binomial distribution. The PT family of distributions is also known as the Katz family of distributions, the Panjer or (a,b,0) class of distributions and may be retrieved through the Conway–Maxwell–Poisson distribution.

Counting measure
In mathematics, specifically measure theory, the counting measure is an intuitive way to put a measure on any set – the "size" of a subset is taken to be the number of elements in the subset if the subset has finitely many elements, and infinity  if the subset is infinite.

The counting measure can be defined on any measurable space (that is, any set  along with a sigma-algebra)  but is mostly used on countable sets.

In formal notation, we can turn any set  into a measurable space by taking the power set of  as the sigma-algebra  that is, all subsets of  are measurable sets.  
Then the counting measure  on this measurable space  is the positive measure  defined by

for all  where  denotes the cardinality of the set

The counting measure on  is σ-finite if and only if the space  is countable.
Maltan
The Maltan (Russian: Малтан) is a river in Magadan Oblast, Russia. It has a length of 157 kilometres (98 mi) and a drainage basin of 4,900 square kilometres (1,900 sq mi). The Maltan is the longest tributary of the Bakhapcha, of the Kolyma basin.

The river flows across an uninhabited area, the nearest village is Sinegorye, located to the north. 
The name of the river originated in an Even word for "bend" or "curvature".

Magadan Oblast
Magadan Oblast is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. It is geographically located in the Far East region of the country, and is administratively part of the Far Eastern Federal District. Magadan Oblast has a population of 136,085 (2021 Census), making it the least populated oblast and the third-least populated federal subject in Russia.

Magadan is the largest city and the capital of Magadan Oblast with the majority of the oblast's inhabitants living in the city itself. The coastline has a less severe climate than the interiors, although both are relatively cold for their latitudes.

It borders Chukotka Autonomous Okrug in the north, Kamchatka Krai in the east, Khabarovsk Krai in the south and the Sakha Republic in the west. The economy is primarily based on mining, particularly gold, silver and other non-ferrous metals.
Bruce A. McIntosh
Bruce A. McIntosh (October 30, 1929 – February 15, 2015) was a Canadian astrophysicist who worked at the Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario.

His main area of research was meteors and asteroids. He was awarded the Czech Academy of Sciences gold medal for joint research on meteors with the Czechs. The Radar Meteor Survey he carried out with Peter Millman remains the benchmark to this day.

A main belt asteroid was named after him in 1988. Its proper name is 5061 McIntosh (1988 DJ) and has an absolute magnitude of 12.4.

Peter Millman
Peter Mackenzie Millman (August 10, 1906 – December 11, 1990) was a Canadian astronomer. He worked at the Dunlap Observatory from 1933 until 1940. In early 1941 he enlisted with the Royal Canadian Air Force. In 1946 he joined the Dominion Observatory in Ottawa. He then transferred to the National Research Council in 1955.

During his graduate studies at Harvard University he started a systematic study of meteor spectra at the suggestion of Harlow Shapley in 1929. He continued the work on meteors throughout his active scientific life. He organized one of his most successful observational campaigns in 1946, when on the night of October 9/10 a spectacular shower of the Giacobinids (October Draconids) provided many important photographic spectra.

He was awarded the J. Lawrence Smith Medal in 1954.

A crater on Mars and the minor planet 2904 Millman were named in his honor.