hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bettine van Vuuren
Bettine van Vuuren is the Registrar and a Member of the Executive at the University of Johannesburg. She is also a Professor of Zoology and Director of the Centre for Ecological Genomics and Wildlife Conservation   at the University of Johannesburg.

University of Johannesburg
The University of Johannesburg, colloquially known as UJ, is a public university located in Johannesburg, South Africa. The University of Johannesburg was established on 1 January 2005 as the result of a merger between the Rand Afrikaans University (RAU), the Technikon Witwatersrand (TWR) and the Soweto and East Rand campuses of Vista University. Prior to the merger, the Daveyton and Soweto campuses of former Vista University had been incorporated into RAU. As a result of the merger of Rand Afrikaans University (RAU), it is common for alumni to refer to the university as RAU.

The institution is one of the largest comprehensive contact universities in South Africa from the 26 public universities that make up the higher education system. UJ has a student population of more than 50,000, of whom more than 3,000 are international students from 80 countries.
Bernard of Kilwinning
Bernard (died c. 1331) was a Tironensian abbot, administrator and bishop active in late 13th- and early 14th-century Scotland, during the First War of Scottish Independence. He first appears in the records already established as Abbot of Kilwinning in 1296, disappearing for a decade before re-emerging as Chancellor of Scotland then Abbot of Arbroath.

A senior figure in the administration of Scotland during the 1310s and 1320s, he is widely said by modern writers to have drafted the Declaration of Arbroath, and although there is no direct evidence for this, he nevertheless probably played a role. By early 1328, his service to the king had earned him a bishopric – the bishopric of the Isles – a position he held for three or four years before his death in 1331.

Tironensian Order
The Tironensian Order or the Order of Tiron was a medieval monastic order named after the location of the mother abbey (Tiron Abbey, French: Abbaye de la Sainte-Trinité de Tiron, established in 1109) in the woods of Thiron-Gardais (sometimes Tiron) in Perche, some 35 miles west of Chartres in France). They were popularly called "Grey Monks" because of their grey robes, which their spiritual cousins, the monks of Savigny, also wore.
Philippines at the 1974 Asian Games
The Philippines participated in the 1974 Asian Games held in Tehran, Iran from September 1 to September 16, 1974. Ranked 15th with no gold medals, 2 silver medals and 11 bronze medals with a total of 13 over-all medals.

1974 Asian Games
The 7th Asian Games (Persian: بازی‌های آسیایی VII), also known as Tehran 1974 (Persian: تهران ۱۹۷۴), were held from 1 to 16 September 1974 in Tehran, Iran. The Aryamehr Sports Complex was built for the Games. This marked the first time the Asian Games were hosted in the Middle East. Tehran, the capital of Iran, played host to 3,010 athletes coming from 25 countries/NOCs, the highest number of participants since the inception of the Games.

Fencing, gymnastics and women's basketball were added to the existing disciplines. The games were known for the use of state-of-the-art technology, from synthetic track to photo-finish cameras.
Gauze
Gauze is a thin, translucent fabric with a loose open weave.  In technical terms, "gauze" is a weave structure in which the weft yarns are arranged in pairs and are crossed before and after each warp yarn, keeping the weft firmly in place. This weave structure is used to add stability to the fabric, which is important when using fine yarns loosely spaced. However, this weave structure can be used with any weight of yarn, and can be seen in some rustic textiles made from coarse hand-spun plant fiber yarns. Gauze is widely used for medical dressings.

Gauze can also be made of non-woven fabric.

Nonwoven fabric
Nonwoven fabric or non-woven fabric is a fabric-like material made from staple fibre (short) and long fibres (continuous long), bonded together by chemical, mechanical, heat or solvent treatment. The term is used in the textile manufacturing industry to denote fabrics, such as felt, which are neither woven nor knitted. Some non-woven materials lack sufficient strength unless densified or reinforced by a backing. In recent years, non-wovens have become an alternative to polyurethane foam.
Bess Bower Dunn Museum
Bess Bower Dunn Museum, formerly known as the Lake County Discovery Museum, is an interactive museum of history, art, and popular culture located in Libertyville, Illinois. The museum was established in 1976 in Wauconda, IL and sited in Lakewood Forest Preserve as part of the larger Lake County Forest Preserve District. It was later moved to Libertyville, IL and renamed the Bess Bower Dunn Museum. The museum is dedicated to sharing the entwined stories of people, events and nature through exhibitions, education and community engagement in Lake County, Illinois.

Lake County Forest Preserves
The Lake County Forest Preserves is a government agency headquartered in Libertyville, Illinois, United States. It acts as principal guardian of Lake County's open space and natural areas since 1958. It is focused on preservation, restoration, education and recreation. It is the second largest forest preserve district in Illinois.
Alexandrine Charlotte de Rohan-Chabot
Alexandrine Charlotte "Rosalie" de Rohan-Chabot (1763–1839), the duchess of La Rochefoucauld was a French duchess and letter writer, known for the events of her life during the French Revolution.

She witnessed the infamous Reign of Terror at firsthand, including the assassination of her husband (and uncle) the Duc de La Rochefoucauld in Gisors during the September Massacres (they had married in 1780 and the marriage was childless) and the execution of her brother. In 1810 she remarried by wedding her relative, Boniface Louis Andre, Marquis de Castellane.

She was also the lover of U.S. ambassador William Short, the "adoptive son" of Thomas Jefferson. Their love affair was recorded in hundreds of letters, which document the lovers' pains of separation and their frustration with social norms. Likewise, their words of devotion are especially poetic and moving. The love letters are an authentic literary contribution, and offer personal insights into a turbulent era of world history.

Gisors
Gisors (French pronunciation: [ʒizɔʁ]) is a commune in the French department of Eure, Normandy, France. It is located 62.9 km (39.1 mi) northwest from the centre of Paris.

Gisors, together with the neighbouring communes of Trie-Château and Trie-la-Ville, form an urban area of 13,915 inhabitants (2018). This urban area is a satellite town of Paris.
Arnold Saul
Arnold Saul (May 30, 1924 – April 6, 2012) was an amateur American tennis player in the 1940s and 1950s and tennis coach.

Saul played his collegiate tennis at the University of Southern California. In 1948, he teamed with Robert Perez to reach the doubles final of the NCAA Championships before falling to Fred Kovaleski and Bernard Bartzen of William & Mary College.

At the 1949 Cincinnati Masters, Saul was seeded No. 3 and reached the singles final before losing to James Brink of Seattle in four sets (4–6, 8–6, 4–6, 0–6). He also reached the doubles final in Cincinnati that year, with partner Gil Shea. Saul and Shea lost in that final to eventual International Tennis Hall of Famer Tony Trabert and Andy Paton.

Cincinnati Open
The Cincinnati Open is an annual professional tennis event held in Cincinnati, United States. It is played on outdoor hard courts at the Lindner Family Tennis Center in Mason, Ohio, and is held in August. The event started on September 18, 1899, and is the oldest tennis tournament in the United States still played in (or near) its original city. It also is the third largest tennis event in the United States, after the US Open and the Indian Wells Open. It is one of the ATP Masters 1000 tournaments on the ATP Tour, and one of the WTA 1000 tournaments on the WTA Tour.
Michael Fraser (basketball)
Michael Fraser (born June 28, 1984) is a Canadian former professional basketball player currently working as an assistant coach for the Brampton Honey Badgers of the Canadian Elite Basketball League (CEBL). He played college basketball for the Oklahoma Baptist Bison.

Canadian Elite Basketball League
The Canadian Elite Basketball League (CEBL; French: Ligue élite canadienne de basketball—LÉCB) is the premier men's professional basketball league in Canada, as recognized by Canada Basketball. The CEBL was founded in 2017 and began play in 2019 with six teams all owned and operated by ownership group Canadian Basketball Ventures.

The league currently consists of 10 teams from six provinces, with four from Ontario, two from Alberta, and one each from British Columbia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and Quebec, the largest number of teams of any professional sports league operating entirely in Canada. CEBL teams play 24 regular-season games from May to August. The season culminates in the six-team playoffs that include a final four Championship Weekend where the league's champion is crowned.
National Protestant College
The National Protestant College is a Lebanese school that was established by the National Evangelical Union of Lebanon, the oldest indigenous Arabic-speaking Protestant congregation in the Middle East. Originally located in Dbayeh, the building moved to West Beirut, near Rue Hamra (Haigazian University) during the Lebanese Civil war. In 1997, NPC moved permanently to Kfarshima.

The languages taught at NPC are Arabic, English, and French.
There were another branch for boys in the 50s called The National Protestant secondary school in Beirut (first in sin al mraiseh then moved to kanrari opp. Al masherk hospital) headed by principal Kamel deer.

Dbayeh
Dbayeh (Arabic: ضبية) is a city in Lebanon located on the Mediterranean Sea in the Matn District, Mount Lebanon, between Beirut and Jounieh. Its inhabitants are almost predominantly Maronite Catholic, with a significant minority of Melkites.

In February 1990 Dbayyeh was the scene of wide spread artillery exchanges and street fighting in an offensive launched by General Aoun against Samir Geagea’s Lebanese Forces (LF) in East Beirut. Dbayeh was captured by Aoun’s soldiers on 6th February, half way through the two weeks of fighting in which 500 people were killed and 2000 wounded.

The city recently became a hub for shopping and entertainment with its numerous shopping malls, restaurants and cinemas as well as a leisure port and a residential waterfront project.

Dbayeh refugee camp was established in 1952 for Palestinian Christian refugees from Bassa and Kafr Berem.
Haryana State Commission for Women
Haryana State Commission for Women is a statutory body constituted in the year 1993 to deal with the issues relating to crime against women in the state of Haryana. The commission for welfare of women in the state was set up by Haryana Government as a quasi-judicial body.

Government of Haryana
Government of Haryana, also known as the State Government of Haryana, or locally as the Haryana Government, is the supreme governing authority of the Indian state of Haryana and its 22 districts. It consists of an executive, ceremonially led by the Governor of Haryana and otherwise by the Chief Minister, a judiciary, and a legislative branch.
These Wicked Streets
These Wicked Streets is the second studio album by American rapper Skull Duggery. It was released on September 8, 1998 via No Limit/Penalty Recordings, making it the rapper's final record for the label. Production was handled by Beats By The Pound, with Master P serving as executive producer. It features guest appearances from Silkk the Shocker, C-Murder, Fiend, Master P, Mo B. Dick, Big Ed, Ghetto Commission, KLC, Mia X, Mr. Serv-On, Mystikal, O'Dell, Shad, Snoop Dogg and Soup Bone. The album peaked at number 21 on the Billboard 200, number 41 on the Heatseekers Albums and number 4 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums in the United States.

Penalty Recordings
Penalty is an American record label and entertainment company, founded and run by CEO Neil Levine. The company was founded in 1995 as a record label specializing in hip-hop music.

The original Penalty label was acquired by its distributor, Tommy Boy, in 1999. A second version, Penalty Associated Labels, was operated by Levine in association with Rykodisc from 2002 to 2006. The third and current incarnation was established in 2014.

Artists on Penalty have included Capone-N-Noreaga (as well as both Capone and Noreaga/N.O.R.E. as solo artists), Lord Finesse, Ali Shaheed Muhammed of A Tribe Called Quest, and The Beatnuts, among others.
MiPBF
MiPBF, also known as N-methyl-N-isopropyl-3-(2-aminoethyl)benzofuran or as 1-oxa-N-methyl-N-isopropyltryptamine (1-oxa-MiPT), is a serotonin receptor modulator of the benzofuran family related to the psychedelic tryptamine methylisopropyltryptamine (MiPT). It is the analogue and bioisostere of MiPT in which the indole nitrogen has been replaced with an oxygen atom, making it a benzofuran rather than tryptamine derivative. The drug shows affinity for serotonin receptors, including the serotonin 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT2B receptors (IC50Tooltip half-maximal inhibitory concentration = 5,000 nM, 500 nM, and 800 nM, respectively). Its affinities for these receptors were 7-fold, 13-fold, and 1.5-fold lower than those of MiPT, respectively. MiPBF was first described in the scientific literature by Dennis McKenna and David Repke and colleagues in 1990.

Bioisostere
In medicinal chemistry, bioisosteres are chemical substituents or groups with similar physical or chemical properties which produce broadly similar biological properties in the same chemical compound. In drug design, the purpose of exchanging one bioisostere for another is to enhance the desired biological or physical properties of a compound without making significant changes in chemical structure. The main use of this term and its techniques are related to pharmaceutical sciences. Bioisosterism is used to reduce toxicity, change bioavailability, or modify the activity of the lead compound, and may alter the metabolism of the lead.
Endorsements in the 2025 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election
This is a list of notable individuals and entities who provided endorsements to declared candidates in the 2025 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election or had their expression of support reported in the media.

Titles or offices held listed current as of the March 9, 2025 when the result of the contest was announced. This list only includes individuals who held public elected offices, or individuals/entities of prominence sufficient for their expression of support to be reported by news media.

Whitby (federal electoral district)
Whitby is a federal electoral district (riding) in Ontario consisting of the entire town of Whitby, Ontario. The boundaries for Whitby were created by the 2012 federal electoral boundaries redistribution and were legally defined in the 2013 representation order. The riding came into existence upon the call of the 42nd Canadian federal election in October 2015. It was created out of the district of Whitby—Oshawa. It is a key Liberal-Conservative marginal seat.

Following the 2022 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, the riding will lose all of its territory north of Highway 407 to the new riding of Pickering—Brooklin. This change will come into effect upon the call of the 2025 Canadian federal election.
Bandović
Bandović (Serbian: Бандовић) is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Božidar Bandović (born 1969), Montenegrin footballer and manager

Dejan Bandović (born 1983), Bosnia and Herzegovina footballer

Igor Bandović (born 1977), Serbian jurist

Ljubomir Bandović (born 1976), Serbian actor

Igor Bandović
Igor Bandović (Serbian: Игор Бандовић; born 27 January 1977 in Užice, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) is a Serbian jurist and Director of Belgrade Centre for Security Policy. Before that from 2008 until 2019, he was Senior Programme Manager for the European Fund for the Balkans.
Charity gift card
A charity gift card allows a gift giver to make a charitable donation that the gift recipient may direct to the charity of their choice.  Although a charity gift card has many similarities to a store gift card, a charity gift card functions quite differently.  A charity gift card is an indicator of control over a small donor advised fund.  The purchaser of the charity gift card creates the donor advised fund with the charity gift card purchase money.  When the charity gift card recipient “spends” the gift card, the recipient is in actuality advising the holder of the associated donor advised fund (typically the charity that issued the charity gift card) to send the money to the charity that the charity gift card recipient selects.

Donor-advised fund
In the United States, a donor-advised fund (commonly called a DAF) is a charitable giving vehicle administered by a public charity created to manage charitable donations on behalf of organizations, families, or individuals. To participate in a donor-advised fund, a donating individual or organization opens an account in the fund and deposits cash, securities, or other financial instruments. They surrender ownership of anything they put in the fund but retain advisory privileges over how their account is invested, and how it distributes money to charities.
1997 BellSouth Open – Doubles
Marcos Ondruska and Patrick Galbraith were the defending champions but lost in the first round to David Adams and Menno Oosting.

Ellis Ferreira and Patrick Galbraith won in the final 6–4, 4–6, 7–6 against Rick Leach and Jonathan Stark.

Jonathan Stark (tennis)
Jonathan Stark (born April 3, 1971) is a former professional tennis player from the United States. During his career he won two Grand Slam doubles titles (the 1994 French Open Men's Doubles and the 1995 Wimbledon Championships Mixed Doubles). Stark reached the world No. 1 doubles ranking in 1994.
American Association of Wine Economists
The American Association of Wine Economists (AAWE) is a non-profit, educational organization based in New York City.

The organization was founded by Karl Storchman, alongside Orley Ashenfelter, Kym Anderson, Robert Stavins, and Victor Ginsburgh in 2006.

They started a peer-reviewed scholarly journal, Journal of Wine Economics, that same year and in 2011 it was picked up by Cambridge University Press and started publishing four times a year, but has now moved to three times per year.

Kym Anderson
Kym Anderson AC (born 26 February 1950 in Adelaide) is an Australian economist, specialising in trade policy and issues related to the World Trade Organization. He studied at the University of New England, the University of Adelaide and the University of Chicago before completing a PhD at Stanford University. He holds a Personal Chair in the School of Economics and is Foundation Executive Director of the Centre for International Economic Studies at the University of Adelaide

He has published around 40 books and more than 300 journal articles and chapters in other books. His most recent two books have received prizes for excellence in research and in communication from the American and Australian agricultural economics associations.
Kids Preferred
Kids Preferred is a manufacturer of children's toys located in East Windsor, New Jersey. The company was founded by Louis Premselaar in 1983 and has offices in New Jersey, Hong Kong and Shanghai.

In addition to their own brand of products, Kids Preferred has produced licensed toys for brands such as: The Tale of Peter Rabbit, Care Bears, Curious George, Disney, Goodnight Moon, Guess How Much I Love You, Llama Llama, Ryan's World, Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer, and The World of Eric Carle products.

Eric Carle
Eric Carle (June 25, 1929 – May 23, 2021) was an American author, designer and illustrator of children's books. His picture book The Very Hungry Caterpillar, first published in 1969, has been translated into more than 66 languages and sold more than 50 million copies. Carle's career as an illustrator and children's book author accelerated after he collaborated on Brown Bear, Brown Bear, What Do You See?. Carle illustrated more than 70 books, most of which he also wrote, and more than 145 million copies of his books have been sold around the world.
Calamotropha paludella
Calamotropha paludella is a species of moth of the family Crambidae. It is found in Europe, Africa, Australia and large parts of Asia.

The wingspan is 23–29 mm. The moth flies from June to August depending on the location.

The larvae feed on bulrush (Typha latifolia) and sometimes lesser bulrush (Typha angustifolia).

Typha latifolia
Typha latifolia is a perennial herbaceous wetland plant in the genus Typha. It is known in English as bulrush (sometimes as common bulrush to distinguish from other species of Typha), and in North America as broadleaf cattail. It is found as a native plant species throughout most of Eurasia and North America, and more locally in Africa and South America. The genome of T. latifolia was published in 2022.
Chamorro Nation
The Chamorro Nation (Chamorro: Nasion Chamoru) is a political movement seeking sovereignty for the island of Guam, founded by Angel Leon Guerrero Santos.  The Chamorro Nation was formed on July 21, 1991, comprising numerous grassroots organizations which advocated for the protection of Chamorro land, culture, and political rights. As a political movement, the Chamorro Nation is recognized as a key turning point in changing Chamorro attitudes toward the United States and increasing the desire for Chamorro rights, particularly the return of lands seized from Chamorros by the US federal government.

Angel Santos
Angel Anthony Leon Guerrero Santos III (April 14, 1959 – July 6, 2003), also known as Angel L.G. Santos, or Anghet, was a Chamorro rights activist and Guamanian politician. Santos served as a Senator in the Guam Legislature from 1995 to 1999 and again from 2001 to 2003, and was a candidate for Governor of Guam in 1998 with his running mate Jose “Pedo” Toves Terjale, a future Mayor of Yona.
Ginsu
Ginsu (/ˈɡɪnsuː/; pseudoword meant to evoke the idea of samurai heritage) is a brand of direct marketed knives. The brand is owned by the Douglas Quikut Division of Scott Fetzer, a Berkshire Hathaway Company. The brand was heavily promoted in the late 1970s and 1980s on U.S. television by using infomercials characterized by hawker and hard sell pitch techniques. The commercials generated sales of between two and three million Ginsu sets between 1978 and 1984.

Pseudoword
A pseudoword is a unit of speech or text that appears to be an actual word in a certain language, while in fact it has no meaning. It is a specific type of nonce word, or even more narrowly a nonsense word, composed of a combination of phonemes which nevertheless conform to the language's phonotactic rules. It is thus a kind of vocable: utterable but meaningless.

Such words lacking a meaning in a certain language or absent in any text corpus or dictionary can be the result of (the interpretation of) a truly random signal, but there will often be an underlying deterministic source, as is the case for examples like jabberwocky and galumph (both coined in a nonsense poem by Lewis Carroll), dord (a ghost word published due to a mistake), ciphers, and typos.

A string of nonsensical words may be described as gibberish. Word salad, in contrast, may contain legible and intelligible words but without semantic or syntactic correlation or coherence.