hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HMS Exeter (1763)
HMS Exeter was a 64-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 26 July 1763 at Chatham Dockyard.

In 1782, Exeter was involved in the battles of Sadras, Providien, Negapatam and Trincomalee, and the Battle of Cuddalore in 1783.

In 1783, after peace returned between France and England and the British squadron was recalled, Exeter ran aground arriving at the Cape of Good Hope. The French squadron under Suffren had been anchored there for a few days, and both the British and French ships launched their boats to provide assistance.

In 1784 she was found to be unseaworthy, and was burned.

Battle of Providien
The Battle of Providien was the second in a series of naval battles fought between a British fleet, under Vice-Admiral Sir Edward Hughes, and a French fleet, under the Bailli de Suffren, off the coast of India during the Anglo-French War. The battle was fought on 12 April 1782 off the east coast of Ceylon, near a rocky islet called Providien, south of Trincomalee.
South Sudan Democratic Movement
The South Sudan Democratic Movement (SSDM), sometimes called the South Sudan Democratic Movement/Army (SSDM/A), was a South Sudanese militant group. Along with its armed wing, the South Sudan Defence Army (SSDA), rebelled against the government of South Sudan led by President Salva Kiir Mayardit and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement.

Politics of South Sudan
The politics of South Sudan concern the system of government in the Republic of South Sudan, a country in East Africa, and the people, organizations, and events involved in it.

As a region, the Republic of South Sudan gained autonomy in 2005 with former rebel leader Dr. John Garang becoming the President of New Sudan and the Vice President of Sudan. Garang's death in 2005 led Salva Kiir Mayardit taking over as President and Riek Machar as the Vice President. Full independence from the Republic of Sudan was gained, following a referendum in 2011.
Żurrieq Half Marathon
The Zurrieq Half Marathon is a road running event held every November in Malta, Europe.  The race starts from the Żurrieq Main Square and finishes in the same location after passing through the picturesque towns of Safi, Kirkop, Mqabba, Qrendi and Siġġiewi.

Qrendi
Qrendi (Maltese: Il-Qrendi) is a village in the Western Region of Malta, with a population of 3,148 people as of October 2021. It is located close to Mqabba, Żurrieq and Siġġiewi. Within its boundaries are the two Neolithic temples of Mnajdra and Ħaġar Qim.

Two annual feasts are held in Qrendi: the feast of Our Lady of Lourdes is celebrated either on the last Sunday of June or the first Sunday of July, and the Feast of the Ascension of Our Lady on 15 August.

Although the majority of the village's old core buildings remain today, Qrendi has changed considerably in recent times. A bypass road has been built to divert through-traffic away from the village, modern suburb developments have been built and an open space with a bus terminus created in front of the Parish Church by removing the walled grounds from an old villa.
Tender Napalm
Tender Napalm is a 2011 play by Philip Ridley. Ridley's eighth stage play for adults, it premiered at London's Southwark Playhouse on 19 April 2011.

The original production was directed by David Mercatali, who previously directed the professional revival of Ridley's 2004 play Moonfleece in 2010. Since then Mercatali has collaborated with Ridley a number of times in directing the premiere productions for the majority of Ridley's new stage plays.

The production starred Vinette Robinson as Woman and Jack Gordon as Man, who had previously played a minor role in the 2009 horror film Heartless which was written and directed by Ridley.

Vinette Robinson
Vinette Robinson (born 1981) is a British actress. She won a British Independent Film Award for her performance in the film Boiling Point (2021), a role she reprised in its spinoff series. On television, she is known for her roles in the BBC One series Waterloo Road (2009), Sherlock (2010–2014) and The A Word (2016–2017). She also guest starred in Black Mirror (2015) and as civil rights campaigner Rosa Parks in the Doctor Who episode "Rosa" (2018).
Aquarian Tabernacle Church
The Aquarian Tabernacle Church (ATC) is a Wiccan church located in Index, Washington. It is one of the first Wiccan organisations to receive full legal recognition as a church in the United States and Australia. The church has an umbrella 501c(3), there are 29 affiliate churches in North America, with 3 additional affiliates on other continents and 7 countries (as of January 2015). The ATC founded SpiralScouts International and Woolston-Steen Theological Seminary, a degree giving college recognized by the Washington State government that can give degrees from Associates to Doctorates in Wiccan Ministry. Through Woolston-Steen Seminary, the church offers prison chaplaincy programs.

Modern paganism in the United States
Modern paganism in the United States is represented by widely different movements and organizations. The largest modern pagan (also known as neo-pagan) religious movement is Wicca, followed by Neodruidism. Both of these religions or spiritual paths were introduced during the 1950s and 1960s from Great Britain. Germanic Neopaganism (also known as Heathenry) and Kemetism appeared in the US in the early 1970s. Hellenic Neopaganism appeared in the 1990s.
Aeruginospora furfuracea
Aeruginospora furfuracea is a species of fungus in the family Hygrophoraceae. The species, described by Egon Horak in 1973, is found in New Zealand. It is currently placed in the genus Aeruginospora, but may actually belong in Camarophyllopsis.

Egon Horak
Egon Horak (born Innsbruck in 1937) is an Austrian mycologist who has described more than 1000 species of fungi, including many from the Southern Hemisphere, particularly New Zealand and South America. He was an executive editor of the scientific journal Sydowia from 1975 to 1989, and a member of the editorial board afterwards.

He was previously married to the Swiss-Australian entomologist Marianne Horak.
The Real Housewives of Orange County season 18
The eighteenth season of the American reality television series, The Real Housewives of Orange County, premiered on July 11, 2024, on Bravo and concluded on November 21, 2024. It was primarily filmed in Orange County, California. Its executive producers are Douglas Ross, Alex Baskin, Thomas Kelly, Brian McCarthy, Apryl Richards, Scott Dunlop and Andy Cohen.

The Real Housewives of Orange County focuses on the lives of Tamra Judge, Heather Dubrow, Shannon Storms Beador, Gina Kirschenheiter, Emily Simpson, Jennifer Pedranti and Katie Ginella, with Alexis Bellino appearing as a friend of the housewives.

Alexis Bellino
Alexis Bellino (née: Dietrich; born January 19, 1977 ) is an American television personality, best known as a cast member of The Real Housewives of Orange County for seasons 5-8 as a full-time cast member and season 18 as a friend of the housewives.
Zachęta – National Gallery of Art
The Zachęta – National Gallery of Art (Polish: Zachęta – Narodowa Galeria Sztuki) is a contemporary art museum in the center of Warsaw, Poland. The Gallery's chief purpose is to present and support Polish contemporary art and artists. With numerous temporary exhibitions of well-known foreign artists, the gallery has also established itself internationally.

The word "zachęta" means encouragement. The Zachęta Gallery takes its name from Towarzystwo Zachęty do Sztuk Pięknych (Society for the Encouragement of the Fine Arts), founded in Warsaw in 1860.

Tadeusz Kantor
Tadeusz Kantor (6 April 1915 – 8 December 1990) was a Polish painter, assemblage and Happenings artist, set designer and theatre director. Kantor is renowned for his revolutionary theatrical performances in Poland and abroad. Laureate of Witkacy Prize – Critics' Circle Award (1989).
Estonian National Time Trial Championships
The Estonian National Time Trial Championship is a time trial race that takes place inside the Estonian National Cycling Championship, and decides the best cyclist in this type of race. The first edition took place in 1997. The first race winner of the time trial championship was Urmo Fuchs in 1997. Jaan Kirsipuu and Rein Taaramäe hold the joint record for the most wins in the men's championship with 9, and the women's record is held by Liisi Rist with 7 wins. The current champions are Rein Taaramäe and Laura Lizette Sander.

Time trial
In many racing sports, an athlete (or occasionally a team of athletes) will compete in a time trial (TT) against the clock to secure the fastest time. The format of a time trial can vary, but usually follow a format where each athlete or team sets off at a predetermined interval to set the fastest time on a course.
Lilbourne railway station
Lilbourne railway station was a railway station serving Lilbourne and nearby Catthorpe in Leicestershire, England. It was on the Rugby and Stamford Railway between Clifton Mill and Yelvertoft and Stanford Park.

In 1846, the directors of the London and Birmingham Railway gained Parliamentary powers for a branch from Rugby to the Syston and Peterborough Railway near Stamford. In the same year the company became part of the London and North Western Railway. The section from Rugby via Lilbourne to Market Harborough was opened in 1850. The line through Lilbourne was single track until it was doubled at the end of 1878.

The 1923 grouping made the LNWR part of the London Midland and Scottish Railway.

British Railways closed the station in 1966. All that remains is the trackbed and a platform.

Railways Act 1921
The Railways Act 1921 (11 & 12 Geo. 5. c. 55), also known as the Grouping Act, was an act of Parliament enacted by the British government. It was intended to stem the losses being made by many of the country's 120 railway companies by "grouping" them into four large companies, dubbed the "Big Four". The system of the "Big Four" lasted until the nationalisation of the railways in 1947.

During World War I, the British government had taken control, although not ownership, of British railways. The intention behind the Act was to reduce inefficient internal competition between railway companies and retain some of the benefits which the country had derived from a government-controlled railway system during the war. The provisions of the act took effect from the start of 1923.
The Grateful Dead (album)
The Grateful Dead is the debut studio album by the American rock band the Grateful Dead, released by Warner Bros. Records on March 17, 1967. According to the biographies of both bassist Phil Lesh and drummer Bill Kreutzmann, the band released the album as San Francisco's Grateful Dead.

David Lemieux (archivist)
David Hardy Lemieux (born November 8, 1970) is an audio and film archivist.  He is a Grammy, Juno, and Gemini Award voting member.  He is the audiovisual archivist and legacy manager for the Grateful Dead.
Wüstite
Wüstite (FeO, sometimes also written as Fe0.95O) is a mineral form of mostly iron(II) oxide found with meteorites and native iron. It has a grey colour with a greenish tint in reflected light. Wüstite crystallizes in the isometric-hexoctahedral crystal system in opaque to translucent metallic grains. It has a Mohs hardness of 5 to 5.5 and a specific gravity of 5.88. Wüstite is a typical example of a non-stoichiometric compound.

Wüstite was named after Fritz Wüst (1860–1938), a German metallurgist and founding director of the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut für Eisenforschung (presently Max Planck Institute for Iron Research GmbH).

In addition to its type locality in Germany, it has been reported from Disko Island, Greenland; the Jharia coalfield, Jharkhand, India; and as inclusions in diamonds in a number of kimberlite pipes. It also is reported from deep sea manganese nodules.

Its presence indicates a highly reducing environment.

Reducing atmosphere
A reducing atmosphere is an atmosphere in which oxidation is prevented by the absence of oxygen and other oxidizing gases or vapours, and which may contain actively reductant gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and hydrogen sulfide that would be readily oxidized to remove any free oxygen. Although Early Earth had a reducing prebiotic atmosphere prior to the Proterozoic eon, starting at about 2.5 billion years ago in the late Neoarchaean period, the Earth's atmosphere experienced a significant rise in oxygen and transitioned to an oxidizing atmosphere with a surplus of molecular oxygen (dioxygen, O2) as the primary oxidizing agent.
Södertälje IP
Södertälje Idrottsplats or simply Södertälje IP is a football stadium in Södertälje, Sweden and the home stadium for the football team Södertälje FK. Södertälje IP has a total capacity of 1,500 spectators.

Södertälje FK
Södertälje Fotbollsklubb is a Swedish football team from Södertälje, Stockholm County. They play their matches at Södertälje Fotbollsarena.

Södertälje FK was founded in 2012 from the clubs Brunnsängs IK, Östertälje IK and FF Södertälje. Later, also Betnahrin IK and Syrianska BoIS, joined with Södertälje FK, and Södertälje took Betnahrin's place in Division 2.
Christian Lequesne
Christian Lequesne (born 26 December 1962 in Vitry-le-François) is a French academic. He is professor of European politics at Sciences Po and director of the Centre d'études et de recherches internationales (CERI), and professor at the College of Europe (from 1995). Additionally, he currently serves as a visiting professor at the Diplomatic Academy of Vienna.  He was the first LSE-Sciences Po Alliance Professor at the London School of Economics (2006-2008), a chair funded by the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He was the Theseus Visiting Professor at the University of Cologne 2009-2010. He is on the editorial boards or scientific councils of Critique internationale, Politique européenne, and the Journal of European Integration. Christian Lequesne is a member of the advisory board of the Prague European Summit.

He attended the College of Europe 1983-1984 (Jean Rey Promotion).

Jean Rey (politician)
Jean Rey (French: [ʒɑ̃ ʁɛ]; 15 July 1902 – 19 May 1983) was a Belgian Liberal politician who served as the second president of the European Commission from 1967 to 1970. He served as European Commissioner for External Relations from 1958 to 1967. The 1983–1984 academic year at the College of Europe was named in his honour.
The Last Temptation (Alice Cooper album)
The Last Temptation is the thirteenth solo and twentieth studio album overall by American rock singer Alice Cooper, released on July 12, 1994, by Epic Records.  It centers on a boy named Steven (also the protagonist of Cooper's earlier work, Welcome to My Nightmare), and a mysterious showman.  The showman, with apparent supernatural abilities, attempts with the use of twisted versions of morality plays to persuade Steven to join his traveling show, "The Theater of the Real - The Grand-est Guignol!", where he would "never grow up".

The album once again features collaborations with some high-profile guests: Chris Cornell of Soundgarden co-wrote and sings on two songs, Dan Wexler of Phoenix metallers Icon co-wrote four songs including the single "Lost in America" where he also plays guitar, and Derek Sherinian of Dream Theater plays keyboards.

Morality play
The morality play is a genre of medieval and early Tudor drama.  The term is used by scholars of literary and dramatic history to refer to a genre of play texts from the fourteenth through sixteenth centuries that feature personified concepts (most often virtues and vices, but sometimes practices or habits) alongside angels and demons, who are engaged in a struggle to persuade a protagonist who represents a generic human character toward either good or evil.  The common story arc of these plays follows "the temptation, fall and redemption of the protagonist".
Proto-Indo-Iranian religion
Proto-Indo-Iranian religion was the religion of the Indo-Iranian peoples and includes topics such as the mythology, legendry, folk tales, and folk beliefs of early Indo-Iranian culture. Reconstructed concepts include the universal force *Hṛta- (Sanskrit rta, Avestan asha), the sacred plant and drink *sawHma- (Sanskrit Soma, Avestan Haoma) and gods of social order such as *mitra- (Sanskrit Mitra, Avestan and Old Persian Mithra, Miϑra) and *bʰaga- (Sanskrit Bhaga, Avestan and Old Persian Baga). Proto-Indo-Iranian religion is an archaic offshoot of Indo-European religion.

Avestan
Avestan (/əˈvɛstən/ ə-VESS-tən) is the liturgical language of Zoroastrianism. It belongs to the Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family and was originally spoken during the Avestan period (c. 1500 – c. 400 BCE) by the Iranians living in eastern Greater Iran as evidenced from names in Avestan geography.

After Avestan became extinct, its religious texts were transmitted orally, then collected and put into writing during the Sasanian period (c. 400 – c. 500 CE). The extant material falls into two groups: Old Avestan (c. 1500 – c. 900 BCE) and Younger Avestan (c. 900 – c. 400 BCE). The immediate ancestor of Old Avestan was the Proto-Iranian language, a sister language to the Proto-Indo-Aryan language, with both having developed from the earlier Proto-Indo-Iranian language. As such, Old Avestan is quite close in both grammar and lexicon to Vedic Sanskrit, the oldest preserved Indo-Aryan language.
Leon Braithwaite
Leon Jerome Braithwaite (born 17 December 1972) is an English former footballer. He played for Exeter City, making a total of 66 Football League appearances. He made appearances for Margate, scoring 38 goals. He joined Margate from Welling United in 2000 and had two spells with the club, leaving for the second time in 2005. Braithwaite's spell at St. Patrick's Athletic in the League of Ireland was notable for a number of key goals, including a winning goal against title rivals Cork City in Turner's Cross. Leon won two league of Ireland championship medals with St Patricks Athletics and represented the club in the champions league qualifier where he was influential in the 0–0 draw against Glasgow Celtic FC at Park's head in front of a full house of 60000 supporters only to lose the return leg 0:2
Leon got called up to the Trinidad and Tobago squad, yet did not make his debut due to injury

Welling United F.C.
Welling United Football Club is a semi-professional association football club, based in Welling in the London Borough of Bexley, England. The most prominent aspect of the club is its men's first team, who play in the Isthmian League Premier Division, the seventh level of the English football league system.
One Madison
One Madison is a luxury residential condominium tower located on 23rd Street between Broadway and Park Avenue South, at the southern end of Madison Avenue, across from Madison Square Park in the Flatiron District of Manhattan, New York City. The building's official address and main lobby entrance is at 23 East 22nd Street, rather than at 1 Madison Avenue; there is no public entrance on 23rd Street.

The building as constructed has 51 residential units across 60 stories. Construction started in 2006, and it topped out during 2010, but it remained incomplete for another three years due to financial difficulties. At a height of 621 feet (189.3 m), One Madison is one of the slenderest buildings in the world, with a height-to-width ratio of 12:1.

Topping out
In building construction, topping out (also referred to as topping off or roofing ceremony) is a builders' rite traditionally held when the last beam (or its equivalent) is placed at the top of a structure during its construction. Nowadays, the ceremony is often parlayed into a media event for public relations purposes.  It has since come to mean more generally finishing the structure of the building, whether there is a ceremony or not. It is also commonly used to determine the amount of wind on the top of the structure.
South American common toad
The South American common toad (Rhinella margaritifera; also mitred toad, in Spanish sapo crestado) is a species complex of toads in the family Bufonidae. They are found throughout the Amazonian South America (Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela) and eastern Panama. It was originally believed to be a single species, but is now known to represent a complex of more than one.

Its natural habitats are primary and secondary lowland, premontane and montane tropical moist forests (including terra firme and seasonally flooded forests). It is a generalist species that can also be found in disturbed areas.

Toad
Toad (also known as a hoptoad) is a common name for certain frogs, especially of the family Bufonidae, that are characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and large bumps covering the parotoid glands.

In popular culture (folk taxonomy), toads are distinguished from frogs by their drier, rougher skin and association with more terrestrial habitats. However, this distinction does not align precisely with scientific taxonomy.
Three Sisters and Elephant Rock
The Three Sisters and Elephant Rock are seastacks at the mouth of the Tongapōrutu River in Tongapōrutu, North Taranaki, New Zealand. They are accessible by foot from a carpark at low tide.

Erosion is slowly claiming the 25-metre (82 ft) formations. At the beginning of the 21st century there were four "sisters", but only two remain as of 2024. In 2016, Elephant Rock also lost the "trunk" which gave it its resemblance to the animal of the same name, leaving a single natural arch. Losses to the main landmass in the area have occasionally produced extra "sisters", such as one that appeared in 2013.

Tongapōrutu
Tongapōrutu is a settlement in northern Taranaki, in the North Island of New Zealand. It is located on State Highway 3 at the mouth of the Tongapōrutu River, 15 kilometres south of Mōkau. Tongapōrutu is well known in New Zealand for its 'Three Sisters' rock formations and its Māori petroglyphs carved into cave rock walls. However, both the Māori rock carvings and the Three Sisters formations are constantly being eroded by the Tasman Sea.
Whalers Entangled in Flaw Ice
Whalers Entangled in Flaw Ice is an 1846 oil painting by the British artist J.M.W. Turner. A seascape, it features a view of a whaling ship caught in ice while in the process of boiling blubber. Turner drew inspiration from 
Thomas Beale's book Natural History of the Sperm Whale.

The painting was displayed at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1846 at the National Gallery in London under the longer title 
Whalers (Boiling Blubber) Entangled in Flaw Ice, Endeavouring to Extricate Themselves. Turner also exhibited another whaling picture Hurrah! for the Whaler Erebus! Another Fish!.

Turner produced four whaling-themed pictures in the middle of the decade the hope that they would all be purchased by the art collector Elhanan Bicknell who had made his fortune through the whaling industry, but was disappointed. This and three other of the paintings formed part of the Turner Bequest of 1856 and are now in the Tate Britain in Pimlico.

Private collection
A private collection is a privately owned collection of works (usually artworks) or valuable items.  In a museum or art gallery context, the term signifies that a certain work is not owned by that institution, but is on loan from an individual or organization, either for temporary exhibition or for the long term. This source is usually an art collector, although it could also be a school, church, bank, or some other company or organization. By contrast, collectors of books, even if they collect for aesthetic reasons (fine bookbindings or illuminated manuscripts for example), are called bibliophiles, and their collections are typically referred to as libraries.