hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Raffaele Ulisse Barbolani
Count Raffaele Ulisse Barbolani (Chieti, April 30, 1818 – Palena, October 17, 1900) was an Italian diplomat and journalist, Secretary General of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1867–1869) and passionate about Japanese Culture.

Culture of Japan
Japanese culture has changed greatly over the millennia, from the country's prehistoric Jōmon period, to its contemporary modern culture, which absorbs influences from Asia and other regions of the world.

Since the Jomon period, ancestral groups like the Yayoi and Kofun, who arrived to Japan from Korea and China, respectively, have shaped Japanese culture. Rice cultivation and centralized leadership were introduced by these groups, shaping Japanese culture. Chinese dynasties, particularly the Tang dynasty, have influenced Japanese culture throughout history and brought it into the Sinosphere. After 220 years of isolation, the Meiji era opened Japan to Western influences, enriching and diversifying Japanese culture. Popular culture shows how much contemporary Japanese culture influences the world.
2017 TCR International Series Buriram round
The 2017 TCR International Series Buriram round was the eighth round of the 2017 TCR International Series season. It took place on 3 September at the Chang International Circuit.

Norbert Michelisz won the first race starting from third position and Aurélien Panis gained the second one, starting from pole position, both driving a Honda Civic Type-R TCR.

Buriram International Circuit
The Buriram International Circuit (known as Chang International Circuit (ช้าง อินเตอร์เนชั่นแนล เซอร์กิต) for commercial purposes, but listed by its non-commercial name because of alcohol restrictions in some countries) is a motorsport race track in Buriram, Buriram Province, Thailand. The circuit was opened in October 2014. This is the first FIA Grade 1 and FIM Grade A circuit in Thailand.
X-Men: Nation X
"Nation X" (also known as "X-Men: Nation X") is a 2009–2010 crossover storyline published by Marvel Comics featuring the X-Men. Published in the aftermath of the "Utopia" storyline and dealing with the return of Magneto, the story appeared across several different books, including Uncanny X-Men #515–522, Nation X #1–4 and X-Men: Legacy #228–230. Its writers include James Asmus, Matt Fraction, Grace Randolph, Scott Snyder, Simon Spurrier, and Christopher Yost, and its artists include Leonard Kirk, Mike Allred, Terry Dodson, Greg Land and Whilce Portacio.

Terry Dodson
Terry Dodson is an American comic book artist and penciller. He is best known for his work on titles such as Harley Quinn, Trouble, Spider-Man/Black Cat: The Evil that Men Do, Marvel Knights: Spider-Man, Wonder Woman and Uncanny X-Men. His pencils are usually inked by his wife Rachel Dodson, who is a comic book inker and colorist.
Juanita Millender-McDonald
Juanita Millender-McDonald (September 7, 1938 – April 22, 2007) was an American politician who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives from 1996 until her death in 2007, representing California's 37th congressional district, which includes most of South Central Los Angeles and the city of Long Beach, California. She was a member of the Democratic Party.

On December 19, 2006, Millender-McDonald was named Chairwoman of the House Committee on House Administration for the 110th Congress. She was the first African-American woman to chair the committee. She was also a member of the Congressional Black Caucus and of the New Democrat Coalition and was considered a front-runner for the job of Secretary of Transportation if John Kerry had been elected president in 2004.

New Democrat Coalition
The New Democrat Coalition is a caucus in the House of Representatives of the United States Congress made up of Democrats, primarily liberals and centrists, who take a pro-business stance and a liberal-to-moderate approach to fiscal matters. Most members hold socially liberal views.

The caucus has been described as being centrist to center-left.

When the 119th Congress convened on January 3, 2025, the New Democrat Coalition touted 110 members (including one nonvoting member), accounting for more than half of all Democratic representatives and making it the largest House Democratic ideological caucus, followed by the Congressional Progressive Caucus.
Calcare di Bari
The Calcare di Bari (Italian for Bari Limestone) is a Cretaceous (Valanginian to early Turonian, spanning approximately 45 million years) geologic formation in Apulia, southeastern Italy. The formation comprises micritic limestones, in places karstified and dolomitized. Rudists and fossil ankylosaur, sauropod and theropod tracks have been reported from the 2,000 metres (6,600 ft) thick formation that was deposited in an inner carbonate platform environment towards the top dominated by rudist reefs.

Valanginian
In the geologic timescale, the Valanginian is an age or stage of the Early or Lower Cretaceous. It spans between 137.05 ± 0.2 Ma and 132.6 ± 0.2 Ma (million years ago). The Valanginian Stage succeeds the Berriasian Stage of the Lower Cretaceous and precedes the Hauterivian Stage of the Lower Cretaceous.
Small Axe (anthology)
Small Axe is a British anthology film series, created and directed by Steve McQueen. The anthology consists of five films that tell distinct stories about the lives of West Indian immigrants in London from the 1960s to the 1980s. Two episodes of the series were selected into the 2020 Cannes Film Festival. The series premiered on 15 November 2020 on BBC One in the United Kingdom and on 20 November 2020 on Amazon Prime Video in the United States. The title references a proverb – "Small axe fall big tree" or "If you are the big tree, we are the small axe" – that was popularised by Bob Marley in his 1973 song "Small Axe".

Sight and Sound
Sight and Sound (formerly written Sight & Sound) is a monthly film magazine published by the British Film Institute (BFI). Since 1952, it has conducted the well-known decennial Sight and Sound Poll of the Greatest Films of All Time.
Satin Doll (Shirley Scott album)
Satin Doll is an album by organist Shirley Scott recorded in 1961 and released on the Prestige label in 1963. It was Scott's second album of Duke Ellington compositions after Scottie Plays the Duke (1959).

Prestige Records
Prestige Records is a jazz record company and label founded in 1949 by Bob Weinstock in New York City which issued recordings in the mainstream, bop, and cool jazz idioms. The company recorded hundreds of albums by many of the leading jazz musicians of the day, sometimes issuing them on subsidiary labels. The company's began releasing jazz records in 78 and 45 RPM formats in 1950.  The Prestige label includes the 13000 and 25000 cat# series. Prestige International was a sub-label of Prestige, active from 1960 to 1969, that mostly released folk music. In 1971, the company was sold to Fantasy, which was later absorbed by Concord.
Raspy river stingray
The raspy river stingray, mosaic stingray or arraia (Potamotrygon scobina) is a species of freshwater fish in the family Potamotrygonidae. This stingray is endemic to the Amazon basin in Brazil, where known from the Amazon–Pará River (Belém to near the confluence with the Putumayo River), the Madeira River basin, Uatumã River and lower Tocantins River.

It reaches up to 69 cm (2 ft 3 in) in disc width and 132.5 cm (4 ft 4.2 in) in total length. It is fairly common, but threatened by habitat loss. It is part of a group consisting of five allopatric Amazonian stingrays, the others being P. adamastor (Uraricoera River), P. amazona (Juruá, Jutaí and Rio Negro), P. garmani (mid to upper Tocantins River) and P. limai (Jamari River). These all have three angular cartilages (as opposed to the one or two seen in other species in the genus).

Rio Negro (Amazon)
The Rio Negro (Spanish: Río Negro [ˈri.o ˈneɣɾo] "Black River"), or Guainía as it is known in its upper part, is the largest left tributary of the Amazon River (accounting for about 14% of the water in the Amazon basin), the largest blackwater river in the world, and one of the world's ten largest rivers by average discharge. It originates in the tepuis of the department of Guainía, Colombia, and then flows southeastward before finally entering Brazil. Despite its high flow, the Rio Negro has a low sediment load (5.76 million tonnes per year on average in Manaus).
2019 Canberra Challenger – Doubles
Jonathan Erlich and Divij Sharan were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Marcelo Demoliner and Hugo Nys won the title after defeating André Göransson and Sem Verbeek 3–6, 6–4, [10–3] in the final.

André Göransson
André Göransson (born 30 April 1994) is a Swedish tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 20, achieved on 27 October 2025. He is the current No. 1 Swedish doubles player. Göransson has won three ATP Tour doubles titles as well as fourteen ATP Challenger titles and two Futures titles. In singles his career-high is No. 773, achieved on 25 September 2017.
Santhush Gunathilake
Santhush Gunathilake (born 14 September 1999) is a Sri Lankan cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Ragama Cricket Club in the 2018–19 Premier League Tournament on 17 January 2019. Prior to his first-class debut, he was named in Sri Lanka's squad for the 2018 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. He made his List A debut on 15 December 2019, for Colts Cricket Club in the 2019–20 Invitation Limited Over Tournament.

In December 2020, Gunathilake was named in Sri Lanka's Test squad for their series against South Africa. He made his Twenty20 debut on 4 March 2021, for Colts Cricket Club in the 2020–21 SLC Twenty20 Tournament. In August 2021, he was named in the SLC Reds team for the 2021 SLC Invitational T20 League tournament. In April 2022, Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC) named him in the Sri Lanka Emerging Team's squad for their tour to England. In June 2022, he was named in the Sri Lanka A squad for their matches against Australia A during Australia's tour of Sri Lanka.

Sri Lankan cricket team in South Africa in 2020–21
The Sri Lanka cricket team toured South Africa in December 2020 and January 2021 to play two Test matches. The Test series formed part of the inaugural 2019–2021 ICC World Test Championship. Ahead of the tour, Quinton de Kock was named as the Test captain of South Africa's side.

In December 2020, South Africa's One Day International (ODI) against England was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result, Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC) did look at the possibility of playing the series in Sri Lanka, or withdrawing from touring South Africa. However, after discussions between both cricket boards, Sri Lanka Cricket's medical staff said they were pleased with the bio-security arrangements.

South Africa won the first Test by an innings and 45 runs, with Faf du Plessis scoring a career-best 199 runs. South Africa won the second Test by ten wickets winning the series 2–0.
2017 in Indonesia
2017 (MMXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar, the 2017th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 17th  year of the 3rd millennium and the 21st century, and the  8th   year of the 2010s decade.

Year 2017 was a major political year for Jakarta as the province held the 2017 gubernatorial election. Indonesia also held local elections across Indonesia simultaneously, the second time since 2015. The gubernatorial election was marred with controversies, particularly when the incumbent Governor of Jakarta Basuki Tjahaja Purnama was caught on tape quoting a certain verse of the Qur'an. This caused anger among residents which ultimately led to his defeat and subsequent mass protests and arrest. The blasphemy case supposedly revealed 'deep intolerance' in Indonesia.

Government of Indonesia
The term Government of the Republic of Indonesia (Indonesian: Pemerintah Republik Indonesia, abbr. GOI, sometimes also referred to as Government of Indonesia or the Central Government (Indonesian: Pemerintah Pusat) especially in laws) can have a number of different meanings. At its widest, it can refer collectively to the three traditional branches of government – the executive branch, legislative branch and judicial branch. The term is also used colloquially to mean the executive and legislature together, as these are the branches of government responsible for day-to-day governance of the nation and lawmaking. At its narrowest, the term is used to refer to the executive branch in the form of the President of Indonesia, as assisted by the Vice President and the Cabinet, as this is the branch of government responsible for day-to-day governance.
Fiona O'Loughlin (comedian)
Fiona Taheny (born 16 July 1963), commonly known as Fiona O'Loughlin, is an Australian comedian. O'Loughlin has made television performances on ABC TV's Spicks and Specks, and Network Ten's Rove Live, Good News Week, All Star Family Feud, The Project, Studio 10, Show Me the Movie! and Hughesy, We Have a Problem and a series of advertisements for Heinz soups. She has performed as a headline act in the Melbourne International Comedy Festival and the Edinburgh Fringe festival. In 2011 a book of her short stories, Me of the Never Never: The (Chaotic) Life and Times of Fiona O'Loughlin was published by Hachette Australia.

Studio 10
Studio 10 was an Australian morning talk show on Network 10 which aired from 4 November 2013 to 22 December 2023. Its final hosts were Angela Bishop, Narelda Jacobs and Tristan MacManus. It aired between 10 am and noon on weekdays and a highlights show aired between 10 am and noon on weekends. Studio 10 was broadcast live from Network 10 Studios in Pyrmont, a suburb in Sydney's inner-city.
Beattock Summit
Beattock Summit is the highest point of the West Coast Main Line (WCML) railway and of the A74(M) motorway as they cross between Dumfries and Galloway and South Lanarkshire in south west Scotland.

The height of the summit reached by the A74(M) motorway is 1,033 feet (315 m) above sea level. The adjacent railway reaches a slightly lower elevation of 1,016 feet (310 m).  The summit is the watershed between the River Clyde to the north and Evan Water, a tributary of the River Annan to the south.

South Lanarkshire
South Lanarkshire (Scots: Sooth Lanrikshire; Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Lannraig a Deas) is one of 32 unitary authorities of Scotland. It borders the south-east of the Glasgow City council area and contains some of Greater Glasgow's suburban towns, as well as many rural towns and villages. It also shares borders with Dumfries and Galloway, East Ayrshire, East Renfrewshire, North Lanarkshire, the Scottish Borders and West Lothian. It includes most of the historic county of Lanarkshire.

The administrative centre of South Lanarkshire is Hamilton, with the seat of the local authority, South Lanarkshire Council, located at Lanark County Buildings.
Berthe-Evelyne Agbo
Berthe-Evelyne Agbo is a writer from Benin who has published poems in French.

As a child, Berthe-Evelyne Agbo lived in Saint-Louis, Senegal. She received primary and secondary education in Touraine, France before attending Université de Dakar. She has subsequently lived in France.

Touraine
Touraine (US: /tuˈreɪn, tuˈrɛn/; French: [tuʁɛn] ⓘ) is one of the traditional provinces of France. Its capital was Tours. During the political reorganization of French territory in 1790, Touraine formed the bulk of the Indre-et-Loire department as well as parts of the new departments of Loir-et-Cher, Indre and Vienne.
2019 Malagasy parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Madagascar on 27 May 2019 to elect the 151 members of the National Assembly. They followed  presidential elections held in November and December 2018, which saw Andry Rajoelina return to power as President of Madagascar after defeating Marc Ravalomanana in a runoff.

The result was a decisive victory for Young Malagasies Determined, which won 84 of the 151 seats, allowing them to form a majority government, replacing the previous coalition government formed after the previous elections. The opposition party Tiako i Madagasikara (TIM), led by Marc Ravalomanana won 16 seats, while five small parties secured one seat each. Independent candidates also performed strongly, winning 46 seats.

2018 Malagasy presidential election
Presidential elections were held in Madagascar on 7 November 2018. As no candidate received a majority of the vote, a second round involving the top two candidates, Andry Rajoelina and Marc Ravalomanana, was held on 19 December. On 27 December Rajoelina was announced as the winner with 56% of the vote.
Paper cartridge
A paper cartridge is one of various types of small arms ammunition used before the advent of the metallic cartridge.  These cartridges consisted of a paper cylinder or cone containing the bullet, gunpowder, and in some cases, a primer or a lubricating and anti-fouling agent. Combustible cartridges are paper cartridges that use paper treated with oxidizers to allow them to burn completely upon ignition.

Paper
Paper is a thin sheet of matted cellulose fibers. Largely derived from lignocellulose, paper is created from a pulp dissolved into a slurry that is drained and dried into sheets. Different types of paper are defined by constituent fiber, paper pulp, sizing, coating, paper size, paper density and grammage.

The papermaking process developed in East Asia at least as early as 105 CE by the Han court eunuch Cai Lun, although archaeological evidence exists of 2nd century BCE paper-like material in China. Before the industrialization of paper production, the most common paper was rag paper, made from discarded natural fiber textiles collected by ragpickers. The 1843 invention of wood pulp, coupled with the Second Industrial Revolution, made pulpwood paper the dominant variety to this day.
Mouthpiece (band)
Mouthpiece was an American straight edge hardcore punk band, active from 1991 to 1996. Often seen as one of the seminal acts of the 'youth crew' era or the earliest revival of it. In 2000, the band reunited to play a show at CBGB, and in 2019, they reformed to play with Lifetime at The Stone Pony.

In January 2009, Revelation Records released Can't Kill What's Inside which compiled all the band's recorded output.

Following their breakup, vocalist Tim McMahon went on to Hands Tied and then Triple Threat. Original guitarist Pete Reilly went on to form The Eulogy with members of Agnostic Front, Madball, Slapshot, Ignite, Eye For An Eye, Straightfaced, Bleeding Through, and Throwdown.

Eye for an eye
"An eye for an eye" (Biblical Hebrew: עַיִן תַּחַת עַיִן, ʿayin taḥaṯ ʿayin) is a commandment found in the Book of Exodus 21:23–27 expressing the principle of reciprocal justice measure for measure. The earliest known use of the principle appears in the Code of Hammurabi, which predates the writing of the Hebrew Bible but not necessarily oral traditions.

The law of exact retaliation (Latin: lex talionis), or reciprocal justice, bears the same principle that a person who has injured another person is to be penalized to a similar degree by the injured party. In softer interpretations, it means the victim receives the estimated value of the injury in compensation. The intent behind the principle was to restrict compensation to the value of the loss.
The Queen of Air and Darkness
The Queen of Air and Darkness is a fantasy novel by English writer T. H. White. It is the second book in his series The Once and Future King. It continues the story of the newly crowned King Arthur, his tutelage by the wise Merlyn, his war against King Lot, and also introduces the Orkney clan, a group of characters who would cause the eventual downfall of the king.

The original second book in the series was The Witch in the Wood, published in 1939.  It has the same general outline as the replacement work, but is substantially longer and most of the text is different.

Fantasy literature
Fantasy literature is literature set in an imaginary universe, often but not always without any locations, events, or people from the real world. Magic, the supernatural and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds. Fantasy literature may be directed at both children and adults.

Fantasy is considered a genre of speculative fiction and is distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the absence of scientific or macabre themes, respectively, though these may overlap. Historically, most works of fantasy were in written form, but since the 1960s, a growing segment of the genre has taken the form of fantasy films, fantasy television programs, graphic novels, video games, music and art.

Many fantasy novels originally written for children and adolescents also attract an adult audience. Examples include Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, the Harry Potter series, The Chronicles of Narnia, and The Hobbit.
Iron Age Cold Epoch
The Iron Age Cold Epoch (also referred to as Iron Age climate pessimum or Iron Age neoglaciation) was a period of unusually cold climate in the North Atlantic region, lasting from about 900 BC to about 300 BC, with an especially cold wave in 450 BC during the expansion of ancient Greece. It was followed by the Roman Warm Period (250 BC – 400 AD).
Gill Plunkett and Graeme T. Swindles of Queen's University Belfast used volcanic ash layers and radiocarbon dating to constrain the start of Iron Age climate deterioration in Ireland to 750 BC.

Cold wave
A cold wave (known in some regions as a cold snap, cold spell, Arctic blast, or Arctic Snap) is a weather phenomenon that is distinguished by a cooling of the air. Specifically, as used by the U.S. National Weather Service, a cold wave is a rapid fall in temperature within a 24-hour period requiring substantially increased protection to agriculture, industry, commerce, and social activities. The precise criteria for a cold wave are the rate at which the temperature falls, and the minimum to which it falls. This minimum temperature is dependent on the geographical region and time of year.

In the United States, a cold spell is defined as the national average high temperature dropping below 20 °F (−7 °C). A cold wave of sufficient magnitude and duration may be classified as a cold air outbreak (CAO).
2005 Ghotki rail crash
The Ghotki rail crash occurred on 13 July 2005, at around 3:40am local time (2240 July 12 UTC) near Ghotki, Pakistan. No. 24 Dn train (Quetta Express) stopped at the station of Sarhad was hit from behind by the following Karachi Express (No. 16 Dn) train, causing several cars to derail; these were then hit by a third train running in the opposite direction (Tezgam). A total of seventeen train cars, carrying over 3000 passengers, were wrecked. Estimates of the death toll ranged as high as over 130. It was the worst train accident in Pakistan in fifteen years.

Ghotki
Ghotki (Urdu: گھوٹکی; Sindhi: گهوٽڪي) is a city in northern Sindh, Pakistan, and the headquarter of Ghotki District. Its population as of 2023 is 120,000. Ghotki is famous for its date palms.

According to Mirza Kalich Beg, Ghotki was founded by Pir Mohsin Shah during 1447 and had also constructed a glorious mosque. He has written that the previous name of Ghotki was لوہے صاحبان.
Raqch'i
Raqch'i (Quechua) is an Inca archaeological site in Peru located in the Cusco Region, Canchis Province, San Pedro District, near the populated place Raqch'i. It is 3480 meters above sea level and 110 kilometers from the city of Cuzco. It also known as the Temple of Wiracocha, one of its constituents. Both lie along the Vilcanota River. The site has experienced a recent increase in tourism in recent years, with 83,334 visitors to the site in 2006, up from 8,183 in 2000 and 452 in 1996.

Tourism in Peru
Since the 2000s, Tourism in Peru has made up the nation's third largest industry, behind fishing and mining. Tourism is directed towards archaeological monuments, ecotourism in the Peruvian Amazon, cultural tourism in colonial cities, gastronomic tourism, sex tourism, adventure tourism, and beach tourism. Iperú is the Peruvian national tourist office.