hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cushing's disease
Cushing's disease is one cause of Cushing's syndrome characterised by increased secretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the anterior pituitary (secondary hypercortisolism). This is most often as a result of a pituitary adenoma (specifically pituitary basophilism) or due to excess production of hypothalamus CRH (corticotropin releasing hormone) (tertiary hypercortisolism/hypercorticism) that stimulates the synthesis of cortisol by the adrenal glands. Pituitary adenomas are responsible for 80% of endogenous Cushing's syndrome, when excluding Cushing's syndrome from exogenously administered corticosteroids. The equine version of this disease is pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction.

This should not be confused with ectopic Cushing syndrome or exogenous steroid use.

Corticosteroid
Corticosteroids are a class of steroid hormones that are produced in the adrenal cortex of vertebrates, and also their synthetic analogues. The two main classes of corticosteroids – glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids – are involved in a wide range of physiological processes, including stress response, immune response, and regulation of inflammation, carbohydrate metabolism, protein catabolism, blood electrolyte levels, and behavior.

Some common naturally occurring steroid hormones are cortisol (C21H30O5), corticosterone (C21H30O4), cortisone (C21H28O5) and aldosterone (C21H28O5) (cortisone and aldosterone are isomers). The main corticosteroids produced by the adrenal cortex are cortisol and aldosterone.
This Little Life
This Little Life is a 2003 TV film drama starring Kate Ashfield, Peter Mullan and Linda Bassett. The story follows the life of a married couple following the premature birth of their son.

The film was produced by Stewart Mackinnon (Headline Pictures), directed by Sarah Gavron and written by Rosemary Kay who was awarded the Dennis Potter Award for the script and a BAFTA for Best New Writer for the film. The film score was composed by Dario Marianelli.

Peter Mullan
Peter Mullan (/ˈmʌlən/; born 1959) is a Scottish actor and filmmaker. His credits include Riff-Raff (1991), Shallow Grave (1994), Braveheart (1995), Trainspotting (1996), My Name Is Joe (1998), The Claim (2000), Neds (2010), War Horse (2011), The Fixer (2008), Top of the Lake (2013), Mum (2016–2019), Ozark (2017–2018), Westworld (2018–2020), Cursed (2020), The North Water (2021), The Underground Railroad (2021), The Lord of the Rings: The Rings of Power (2022–2024), After the Party (2023), and Baghead (2023).

He won a Golden Lion at 59th Venice International Film Festival for his direction of The Magdalene Sisters (2002).
Swimming at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Women's marathon 10 kilometre
The women's marathon 10 kilometre event at the 2020 Summer Olympics was held on 4 August 2021 at the Odaiba Marine Park. It was the fourth appearance of the event, having first been held in 2008.

Ana Marcela Cunha won with a time of 1:59:30.8, becoming the first Brazilian woman swimmer to win a gold medal in the Olympics. Former Olympic gold medalist Sharon van Rouwendaal of the Netherlands finished second, with Kareena Lee of Australia taking the bronze.

Odaiba
Odaiba (お台場) is a large artificial island in Tokyo Bay, Japan, across the Rainbow Bridge from central Tokyo. Odaiba was initially built for defensive purposes in the 1850s. The land was dramatically expanded during the late 20th century as a seaport district, and was redeveloped in the 1990s into a major commercial, residential and leisure area. Odaiba, along with Minato Mirai 21 in Yokohama, is one of the few manmade seashores in Tokyo Bay where the waterfront is accessible and not blocked by industry and harbor areas.

The majority of the island is located in Tokyo's Kōtō ward, with the north and northwest of the island in Minato and Shinagawa wards. Daiba (台場) formally refers to one district of the island located in Minato. Governor Shintaro Ishihara used Odaiba to refer to the entire Tokyo Waterfront Secondary City Center (東京臨海副都心, Tōkyō Rinkai Fukutoshin), which includes the Ariake and Aomi districts of Kōtō Ward and the Higashi-Yashio district of Shinagawa Ward.
Astropecten armatus
Astropecten armatus, the spiny sand star or Estrella de Arena, is a sea star in the family Astropectinidae. It is found on sandy or gravelly areas in the East Pacific ranging from California (USA) to Ecuador.

Astropectinidae
The Astropectinidae are a family of sea stars in the order Paxillosida. Usually, these starfish live on the seabed and immerse themselves in soft sediment such as sand and mud.

They are not to be confused with species in the genus Archaster, which share similar shape and life habits, but belong to the family Archasteridae (order Valvatida).
2001 Red Lion machete attack
On February 2, 2001, a machete attack took place at North Hopewell-Winterstown Elementary School in Red Lion, Pennsylvania. The perpetrator, 55-year-old William Michael Stankewicz, stabbed several students and school faculty, injuring 11 kindergarteners, two teachers, and the principal.

Stankewicz was convicted and received a minimum of 132 years.

Red Lion, Pennsylvania
Red Lion (Pennsylvania Dutch: Rot Leeb) is a borough in York County, Pennsylvania, United States, settled in 1852 and incorporated on January 16, 1880. The population was 6,506 at the 2020 census. It is part of the York–Hanover metropolitan area.
Kalapahar
Kālā Pahaṛ (Bengali: কালাপাহাড়; died 12 July 1576), also known as Kalapahada was a Bengali Muslim General of the Bengal Sultanate under the reigning Karrani Dynasty.

According to traditional narratives pieced together since late 18th century, Kalapahaṛ was a Bengali Brahmin from either Bhurisrestha or Barendra who was military commander of the Sultanate & fell in love with the Sultan Sulaiman Khan Karrani's daughter, which led him to convert to Islam in order to win her hand (or being excommunicated by the Brahmin pandits, who denied him prayaschitta) and solidified his position within the ruling Muslim elite of Bengal; this conversion is often associated with his change in name from Kalachand Ray/Rajibalochana Bhaduri to "Mohammad Farmuli."

Bengali Brahmin
Bengali Brahmins are the community of Hindu Brahmins, who traditionally reside in the Bengal region of the Indian subcontinent, comprising the Indian state of West Bengal and the country of Bangladesh.

The Bengali Brahmins, along with Baidyas and Kayasthas, are regarded among the three traditional higher castes of Bengal. In the colonial era the Bhadraloks of Bengal were primarily, not exclusively, drawn from these three castes.
Michael Fitzmaurice (Gaelic footballer)
Michael Fitzmaurice (born 13 January 1967) is an Irish former Gaelic footballer. His league and championship career at senior level with the Mayo county team lasted five seasons from 1989 until 1993.

Fitzmaurice made his debut on the inter-county scene when he was chosen for the Mayo minor team. He was captain of the side in 1985 and claimed an All-Ireland medal following a defeat of Cork. He subsequently lined out with the Mayo under-21 team. Fitzmaurice made his senior debut during the 1988-89 league. He was a regular on the starting fifteen over the next five years and won one Connacht medal. He was an All-Ireland runner-up in 1989. He finished the 1989 championship as the top scorer Fitzmaurice played his last game for Mayo in March 1993

All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The Electric Ireland All-Ireland Minor Football Championship is the premier under-17 "knockout" competition in Gaelic football played in Ireland. 2017 was the final year of the minor under 18 football championship as it was replaced by an under 17 championship following a vote at the GAA congress on 26 February 2016.

The series of games is organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association and is played during the summer months with the All-Ireland Minor Football Final being played on the third Sunday in September in Croke Park, Dublin as the curtain-raiser to the senior final.

The winners received the Tom Markham Cup, which is named in honour of former Clare figure Tom Markham.
Fabiola Morales
Fabiola María Morales Castillo (born 26 September 1955) is a Peruvian politician and a Congresswoman representing Piura for the 2006–2011 term. Morales was elected under the National Unity belongs to the National Solidarity party. She lost her seat in the 2011 elections when she ran for re-election, but she received a minority of votes. Morales is a member of the Madrid Forum, an international alliance of right-wing and far-right individuals.

Department of Piura
Piura (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpjuɾa])  is a department of Peru. Located on the country's northwestern coast, it is known for its tropical and dry beaches. It is the most populous department and region in Peru, its twelfth smallest department, and its fourth-most densely populated department, after Tumbes, La Libertad, and Lambayeque. It is administered by regional government. Its capital is Piura and its largest port cities, Paita and Talara, are also among the most important in Peru.
Avantirastra
Avantirastra (Sanskrit: अवन्तिराष्ट्र) was one of the five original provinces of the Maurya Empire gained after the overthrow of the Nanda dynasty by Chandragupta Maurya. It was located in the modern-day Malwa region with its capital at Ujjain.

Ashoka served as viceroy of the region during his father Bindusara's reign.

Province
A province is an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman provincia, which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outside Italy. The term province has since been adopted by many countries. In some countries with no actual provinces, "the provinces" is a metaphorical term meaning "outside the capital city".

While some provinces were produced artificially by colonial powers, others were formed around local groups with their own ethnic identities. Many have their own powers independent of central or federal authority, especially in Canada and Turkey. In other countries, like China or France, provinces are the creation of central government, with very little autonomy.
Menegazzia hypernota
Menegazzia hypernota is a species of foliose lichen found in Australasia. It was formally described as a new species in 2004 by Jarle Bjerke from specimens collected in New Zealand. The lichen contains fumarprotocetraric acid as the major lichen product in the medulla. Menegazzia hypernota was reported from Tasmania in 2019.

Medulla (lichenology)
The medulla is a horizontal layer within a lichen thallus.  It is a loosely arranged layer of interlaced hyphae below the upper cortex and photobiont zone, but above the lower cortex. The medulla generally has a cottony appearance.  It is the widest layer of a heteromerous lichen thallus.
Dong-hoon
Dong-hoon, also spelled Tong-hoon or Dong-hun, is a Korean given name.

Chung Dong-hoon (born 1932), South Korean boxer

Choi Dong-hoon (born 1971), South Korean film director

Hoon Lee (born Tong-hoon Lee, 1973), American stage and film actor

Haha (entertainer) (born Ha Dong-hoon, 1979), South Korean actor

Primary (musician) (born Choi Dong-hoon, 1983), South Korean musician

Yoon Dong-hun (born 1983), South Korean football player

Nam Dong-hoon (born 1984), South Korean modern pentathlete

Lee Dong-whun (born 1987), South Korean figure skater

Han Dong-hoon (born 1973), South Korean politician

Chung Dong-hoon
Chung Dong-hoon (born 1932) also spelled Chung Dong-hun, is a former amateur boxer from South Korea. A native of Jeollanam-do, he graduated from Chosun University in Gwangju. He competed in the lightweight division at South Korea's April 1955 domestic Olympic national delegation qualifying tournament, and was victorious over Park Young-mu (朴英茂). The following year, he went to Melbourne, Australia to represent South Korea at the 1956 Summer Olympics in boxing, where he lost to Ján Zachara of Czechoslovakia. He went on to compete for South Korea in boxing at the 1958 Asian Games in Tokyo, Japan, where he captured the gold medal in the boxing lightweight division of the games after defeating Shinichiro Suzuki from Japan in the final.
Jewish Neo-Aramaic
Jewish Neo-Aramaic can refer to several related Neo-Aramaic languages and dialects:

Inter-Zab Jewish Neo-Aramaic

Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Barzani

Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Betanure

Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Challa

Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Koy Sanjaq

Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Urmia

Jewish Neo-Aramaic dialect of Zakho

Sanandaj Jewish Neo-Aramaic

Trans-Zab Jewish Neo-Aramaic

Inter-Zab Jewish Neo-Aramaic
Inter-Zab Jewish Neo-Aramaic, or Lishanid Noshan, is a modern Jewish-Aramaic dialect, a variant of Northeastern Neo-Aramaic. It was originally spoken in Kurdistan Region of Iraq, in and around Erbil between the Great Zab and Little Zab rivers, it was also spoken in Turkey in the city of Cizre and its environs and in the Hakkari Mountains. Most speakers now live in Israel.
Dangerously They Live
Dangerously They Live is a 1941 American World War II spy thriller film directed by Robert Florey and starring John Garfield, Nancy Coleman and Raymond Massey. The plot concerns Nazi spies who try to pry information out of a British agent.

John Garfield
John Garfield (born  Jacob Julius Garfinkle; March 4, 1913 – May 21, 1952) was an American actor who played brooding, rebellious, working-class characters. He grew up in poverty in New York City. In the early 1930s, he became a member of the Group Theatre. In 1937, he moved to Hollywood, eventually becoming one of Warner Bros.' stars. He received Academy Award nominations for his performances in Four Daughters (1938) and Body and Soul (1947).

Called to testify before the U.S. House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC), he denied communist affiliation and refused to "name names", effectively ending his film career. Some have alleged that the stress of this persecution led to his premature death at 39 from a heart attack. Garfield is acknowledged as a predecessor of such Method actors as Marlon Brando, Montgomery Clift, and James Dean.
Pleumjit Thinkaow
Pleumjit Thinkaow (Thai: ปลื้มจิตร์ ถินขาว; RTGS: Pluemchit Thinkhao; born 9 November 1983) is a Thai volleyball player.

She was a member of the Thailand women's national volleyball team. Her international debut was at the 21st SEA Games in Malaysia.

Bangkok Glass Volleyball Club
Bangkok Glass Volleyball Club (Thai: สโมสรวอลเลย์บอลบางกอกกล๊าส) was a Thai professional volleyball club based in Pathum Thani Province and was managed by BG FC Sport Co., Ltd. which was a subsidiary of Bangkok Glass Group of Companies.

Bangkok Glass FC played in the Thailand League after their club was founded in 2014. Their home stadium was BG Sport Hall which has a capacity of 4,000.

Bangkok Glass won their first Thailand League title in 2014–15 season and the Super League in 2015. In season 2014–15, Bangkok Glass were the triple champions winning the (2014–15 Thailand League, 2015 Thailand Super League, and 2015 Asian Club Championship).

The club dissolved on May 8, 2018, due to severe differences between the club's policy and the national federation's policy about the national team, the latter considered to suffocate the professional clubs. The licence was sold to Air Force Volleyball Club Company.
Maloye Gorodkovo
Maloye Gorodkovo (Russian: Малое Городьково) is a rural locality (Russian: село, lit. 'village') and the administrative center of Malogorodkovsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Konyshyovsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  205 (2010 Census); 263 (2002 Census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
Melanoderma
Melanoderma is a genus of two species of white rot poroid fungi in the family Polyporaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 2011 to accommodate the type species Melanoderma microcarpum, found in China. Melanoderma disciforme, found in Yunnan, was added to the genus in 2015. The generic name Melanoderma refers to the dark-coloured crust of the cap. Phylogenetic analyses shows that Melanoderma is closely related to the genus Vanderbylia.

Pileus (mycology)
In mycology, the pileus (pl.: pilei) is the cap or cap-like part of a basidiocarp or ascocarp (fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium. The hymenium (hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes.

The word pileus comes from the Latin for a type of felt cap.
Daniel Bess
Daniel Luke Bess (born October 8, 1977) is an American television and film actor.

Bess was born in Honolulu, Hawaii and attended both high school and a school of the arts while living on the island. He later acted in New York theater before moving to Los Angeles. His mother is a professor and his father (Benjamin "Buddy" Bess) is a publisher, who owns the Honolulu publishing company Bess Press. He also has a brother and a sister.

Bess married fellow actor Linda Park on October 11, 2014.  They have a son together. On February 14, 2024, Park announced that they were no longer husband and wife and had been separated for over a year.

Bess Press
Bess Press is an American publisher, based in Hawaii, that issues various books on Hawaiian and Pacific history and culture.  It was founded in 1979 by Benjamin "Buddy" Bess and his wife Ann Rayson who came to Hawaii in 1976 from New York.
Frank Foss (athlete)
Frank Kent Foss (May 9, 1895 – April 5, 1989) was an American pole vaulter. He won a gold medal at the 1920 Summer Olympics, while breaking his own unofficial world record.

Foss grew up in Oak Park, Illinois. After the Olympics, he worked in the meat packing industry, including spending time in Argentina. After returning to the United States, he lived in Hinsdale, Illinois.

Foss graduated from Cornell University in 1917, where he was also a member of the Quill and Dagger society.  He was the IC4A Champion in 1916 after tying for the first the year before.  He was the AAU champion in 1919 and 1920.

Hinsdale, Illinois
Hinsdale is a village in DuPage County, Illinois, United States, with a small portion in Cook County. It is one of the wealthiest communities in Illinois and in the United States. Hinsdale is a western suburb of Chicago with a population of 17,395 in the 2020 census.
BHM
BHM is a three-letter acronym with several meanings:

Black History Month

Backwoods Home Magazine, a quarterly magazine covering self-sufficiency topics

Bambang Harymurti, an Indonesian journalist also known by his initials

Birmingham New Street railway station in Birmingham, England

Birmingham–Shuttlesworth International Airport (IATA code) in Birmingham, Alabama, USA

Big Handsome Men

Bulletin of the History of Medicine

Jahrbuch des Bernischen Historischen Museums, see Bern Historical Museum

Three-letter acronym
A three-letter acronym (TLA), or three-letter abbreviation is, as the phrase suggests, an abbreviation consisting of three letters. The term has a special status among abbreviations and to some is considered humorous since the term TLA is itself a three-letter acronym; it is an autological word.

Most TLAs are initialisms (the initial letter of each word of a phrase), but most are not acronyms in the strict sense since they are pronounced by saying each letter, as in APA /ˌeɪpiːˈeɪ/ AY-pee-AY. Some are true acronyms (pronounced as a word) such as CAT (as in CAT scan) which is pronounced as the animal.
1904 Belgian general election
Partial general elections were held in Belgium on 29 May 1904.
The result was a victory for the Catholic Party, which won 38 of the 81 seats in the Chamber of Representatives.

Under the alternating system, Chamber elections were only held in the provinces of Hainaut, Limburg, Liège and East Flanders and Senate elections were only held in the remaining five provinces, being Antwerp, Brabant, Luxembourg, Namur and West Flanders.

The main issue in the election was "the hostility of the Liberals to the growth of clerical influence, particularly in educational and political affairs."

East Flanders
East Flanders (Dutch: Oost-Vlaanderen [ˌoːst ˈflaːndərə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flandre-Orientale [flɑ̃dʁ ɔʁjɑ̃tal] ⓘ; German: Ostflandern [ˈɔstˌflandɐn] ⓘ; West Flemish: Ôost-Vloandern) is a province of Belgium. It borders (clockwise from the North) the Dutch province of Zeeland and the Belgian provinces of Antwerp, Flemish Brabant, Hainaut and West Flanders. It has an area of 3,007 km2 (1,161 sq mi), divided into six administrative districts containing 60 municipalities, and a population of over 1.57 million as of January 2024. The capital is Ghent, home to the Ghent University and the Port of Ghent.
Trusted Partner
Trusted Partner (foaled 22 May 1985) was an American-bred, Irish-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. She showed great promise as a two-year-old in 1987 when she won both of her races including the C L Weld Park Stakes and won the Irish 1000 Guineas on her three-year-old debut. She was beaten in her three remaining European starts and had no success when sent to race in America in 1989. After her retirement from racing she became a very successful broodmare.

Matron Stakes (Ireland)
The Matron Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Ireland open to thoroughbred fillies and mares aged three years or older. It is run at Leopardstown over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.
Alois Hannecker
Alois Hannecker (born 10 July 1961) is a retired (West) German discus thrower.

Hannecker represented the sports clubs MTV Ingolstadt and LC Olympiapark München, and became West German champion in 1986 and 1987. His personal best throw was 65.90 metres, achieved in May 1988 in Bensheim.

MTV Ingolstadt
The Männer-Turn-Verein von 1881 Ingolstadt or Men's Gymnastics Club of 1881 Ingolstadt is a general sports club in Ingolstadt, Bavaria. It was founded on 18 July 1881.

Until 2004, the club operated a football department but after a merger with local rival ESV Ingolstadt to form FC Ingolstadt 04 the footballers left for the new club. After a break of a number of years, MTV has returned to competitive football, restarting at the lowest possible level, the C-Klasse, in 2009.
EFI system partition
The EFI (Extensible Firmware Interface) system partition or ESP is a partition on a data storage device (usually a hard disk drive or solid-state drive) that is used by computers that have the Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI). When a computer is booted, UEFI firmware loads files stored on the ESP to start operating systems and various utilities.

An ESP contains the boot loaders or kernel images of installed operating systems (which are typically contained in other partitions), device driver files for hardware devices present in a computer and used by the firmware at boot time, system utility programs that are intended to be run before an operating system is booted, and data files such as error logs.

Data storage
Data storage is the recording (storing) of information (data) in a storage medium. Handwriting, phonographic recording, magnetic tape, and optical discs are all examples of storage media. Biological molecules such as RNA and DNA are considered by some as data storage. Recording may be accomplished with virtually any form of energy. Electronic data storage requires electrical power to store and retrieve data.

Data storage in a digital, machine-readable medium is sometimes called digital data. Computer data storage is one of the core functions of a general-purpose computer. Electronic documents can be stored in much less space than paper documents. Barcodes and magnetic ink character recognition (MICR) are two ways of recording machine-readable data on paper.