hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David Burke (botanist)
David Burke (1854 – 11 April 1897) was one of the most widely travelled plant collectors, who was sent by James Veitch & Sons to collect plants in British Guiana, Burma and Colombia. In his later life, Burke became rather eccentric, preferring the privations of life away from his native England.

Botanical specimen
A botanical specimen, also called a plant specimen, is a biological specimen of a plant (or part of a plant) used for scientific purposes. Preserved collections of algae, fungi, slime molds, and other organisms traditionally studied by botanists are also considered to be botanical specimens. Plant specimens are usually preserved by drying and pressing using a basic technique that is more than 500 years old. Other examples of preserved specimens include loose seeds, wood sections, and microscope slides. A facility devoted to the curation of a collection of botanical specimens is known as a herbarium.

A person who gathers botanical specimens is called a botanical collector (or plant collector). Plant collecting is an essential botanical activity with a very long history. Some plant science journals require botanical specimens as a condition for publication of articles.
Oboe Concerto (Strauss)
The Concerto in D major for Oboe and Small Orchestra, AV 144, TrV 292, was written by Richard Strauss in 1945. It was one of the last works he composed near the end of his life, during what is often described by biographers, journalists and music critics as his "Indian summer."

Indian summer
An Indian summer is a period of unseasonably warm, dry weather that sometimes occurs in autumn in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Several sources describe a true Indian summer as not occurring until after the first frost, or more specifically the first "killing frost."
Someone's Coming
"Someone's Coming" is a song by English singer-songwriter Steve Harley, released in 1979 as the second and final single from his 1978 debut solo studio album, Hobo with a Grin. The song was written by Harley and Jo Partridge, and was produced by Harley.

Stuart Elliott (drummer)
Stuart Alexander Elliott (born 22 May 1953) is an English drummer. He was the original drummer for Steve Harley and Cockney Rebel and during his time with this band he became a session drummer playing for top artists such as Kate Bush, Al Stewart, The Alan Parsons Project, David Byron, Roger Daltrey, Paul McCartney, Claudio Baglioni, Lucio Battisti, among others.
Paras Downtown Square
Paras Downtown Square is a shopping mall in Zirakpur, Punjab, India. It is one of the largest shopping mall in the entire region comprising Chandigarh and its satellite cities. Built by lakshya garg of ambalaIt is strategically located just near the new overhead bypass under construction on 'Y' form of Delhi-Chandigarh-Kalka highway on 350,000 sq ft (33,000 m2) area and is the hub of entertainment for the people living in and near Chandigarh, Patiala, Panchkula, Ambala, Zirakpur and Mohali.

Panchkula
Panchkula (ISO: Paṁcakulā) is a city and district headquarter in the Panchkula district in Haryana, India. It is a satellite city of the state capital Chandigarh. Panchkula is a border city with Punjab, Chandigarh and Himachal Pradesh. The origin of the name Panchkula came from "the place where five irrigation canals meet". It is approximately 4 km (2.5 mi) southeast of Chandigarh, 105 km (65 mi) southwest of Shimla, 44 km (27 mi) from Ambala and 259 km (161 mi) northeast of New Delhi, the national capital. It is a part of the Chandigarh capital region or Greater Chandigarh. The Chandigarh-Mohali-Panchkula metropolitan region collectively forms a Chandigarh Tricity, with a combined population of over two million.

The city hosts the Chandimandir Cantonment, the headquarters of the Western Command of the Indian Army. It is a planned city like Chandigarh, with a sector system.
Osvaldo Núñez
Osvaldo Ramón Núñez Riquelme, also known as Osvaldo Nunez (born 10 September 1938 in Curicó, Chile) was a member of the House of Commons of Canada from 1993 to 1997. His career has been in law, arbitration and labour.

He was elected in the Bourassa electoral district under the Bloc Québécois party in the 1993 federal election, thus serving in the 35th Canadian Parliament. Nunez lost to Liberal Denis Coderre in the 1997 federal election and did not return to Canadian politics.

Bourassa (electoral district)
Bourassa (French pronunciation: [buʁasa]; formerly known as Montreal—Bourassa) is a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1968. Its population in 2021 was 105,637.
2008 Speedway Grand Prix of Italy
The 2008 Speedway Grand Prix of Italy was the tenth race of the 2008 Speedway Grand Prix season. It took place on September 27 in the Santa Marina Stadium in Lonigo, Italy. Italian SGP was won by Hans N. Andersen from Denmark. It was his first GP Won in this season.

Hans Andersen (speedway rider)
Hans Nørgaard Andersen (born 3 November 1980, in Odense, Denmark) is a former motorcycle speedway rider, who captained the Denmark national speedway team that won the Speedway World Cup in 2006 and 2008.
McWalter
McWalter is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David McWalter (1891–1918), Scottish footballer

Mark McWalter (born 1968), Scottish footballer

Patrick McWalter (born 1984), Irish footballer

Tony McWalter (born 1945), English politician

Tony McWalter
Joseph Anthony McWalter, generally known as Tony McWalter, (born 20 March 1945 in Worksop) is a politician in the United Kingdom. He was the Labour Party and Co-operative Member of Parliament for Hemel Hempstead between 1997 and 2005.
Eora Creek
Eora Creek is a creek in the Central Province of Papua New Guinea. The creek starts at central ridge of the Owen Stanley Mountains and runs northwards and joins the Mambare River east of Kokoda.

The creek was the site of a significant battle during World War II, part of the Kokoda Track Campaign fought from 31 August to 29 October 1942 between Japanese and Australian forces. The intact battleground was rediscovered in 2010 by former Australian Army Capt. Brian Freeman.

Owen Stanley Range
The Owen Stanley Range is the south-eastern part of the central mountain-chain in Papua New Guinea. Its highest point is Mount Victoria at 4,038 metres (13,248 ft), while its most prominent peak is Mount Suckling.
Alberto Natusch
Alberto Natusch Busch (May 23, 1933, in Beni, Bolivia – November 23, 1994, in Santa Cruz, Bolivia) was a Bolivian general who briefly served as the 55th president of Bolivia in 1979 after a military coup.

Beni Department
Beni (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbeni]), sometimes El Beni, is a northeastern department of Bolivia, in the lowlands region of the country. It is the second-largest department in the country (after Santa Cruz), covering 213,564 square kilometers (82,458 sq mi), and it was created by supreme decree on November 18, 1842, during the administration of General José Ballivián. Its capital is Trinidad.
Gull Lake (Alberta)
Gull Lake is a large lake in central Alberta, Canada. It is a popular recreational lake with its southern shores boasting large sandy beaches. Gull Lake is centrally located between Edmonton and Calgary and lies in two counties, Ponoka County and Lacombe County. The lake is accessed west of Ponoka on Highway 53 to get to the north side, or west of Lacombe on Highway 12 to reach the southern shores.

Ponoka, Alberta
Ponoka /pəˈnoʊkə/ is a town in central Alberta, Canada. It is located at the junction of Highway 2A and Highway 53, 59 kilometres (37 mi) north of Red Deer and 95 kilometres (59 mi) south of Edmonton.

The name Ponoka is Blackfoot for "elk", which is the animal depicted in the town flag. Ponoka County's municipal office is located in Ponoka.
Serre di Rapolano
Serre di Rapolano is a frazione in the comune of Rapolano Terme in the province of Siena, Tuscany, Italy.

It is located on a hill midway between the valleys of the Sentino and Ombrone rivers. Among the prominent buildings are:

Palazzo Gori Martini, a 19th-century neo-Gothic white marble palace

Chiesa della Compagnia di Santa Caterina della Misericordia, a small oratory with frescoes by Sebastiano Follia and canvases by Astolfo Petrazzi

Castello di Modanella

Pieve di Sant'Andreino alle Cave

Pieve dei Santi Andrea e Lorenzo

Ombrone
The Ombrone (Latin: Umbro) is a 160-kilometre-long (99 mi) river situated in the provinces of Grosseto and Siena, central Italy.

The Ombrone's source is at San Gusmè, near Castelnuovo Berardenga, on the south-eastern side of the Monti del Chianti. After a twisting route, it receives the waters of the tributaries Arbia, Merse and Orcia before reaching the plain of Grosseto near Istia d'Ombrone.

It subsequently passes in the outskirts of the city of Grosseto, before flowing into the Tyrrhenian Sea at Bocca d'Ombrone.
Kitazawa Rakuten
Kitazawa Yasuji (北澤 保次; 20 July 1876 – 25 August 1955), known by his pen name Kitazawa Rakuten (北澤 楽天), was a Japanese manga and nihonga artist, who was the first professional cartoonist in Japan, and the first to use the term "manga" in its modern sense. He drew editorial cartoons and comic strips during the years from the late Meiji to the early Shōwa era. He is considered by many historians to be the founding father of modern manga, and his work was an inspiration to many younger manga artists and animators.

Political cartoon
A political cartoon, also known as an editorial cartoon, is a cartoon graphic with caricatures of public figures, expressing the artist's opinion. An artist who writes and draws such images is known as an editorial cartoonist. They typically combine artistic skill, hyperbole and satire in order to either question authority or draw attention to corruption, political violence and other social ills.

Developed in England in the latter part of the 18th century, the political cartoon was pioneered by James Gillray, although his and others in the flourishing English industry were sold as individual prints in print shops.  Founded in 1841, the British periodical Punch appropriated the term cartoon to refer to its political cartoons, which led to the term's widespread use.
Louis Sawyer House
The Louis Sawyer House is a historic residence in the city of Wyoming, Ohio, United States.  Erected at the turn of the twentieth century, it was originally the home of an important lawyer, and it has been designated a historic site because of its architecture.

Historic site
A historic site or heritage site is an official location where pieces of political, military, cultural, or social history have been preserved due to their cultural heritage value. Historic sites are usually protected by law, and many have been recognized with official historic status. A historic site may be any building, landscape, site or structure that is of local, regional, national, or global significance. Usually this also means the site must be at least 50 years or older.
Lancer
A lancer was a type of cavalryman who fought with a lance. Lances were used for mounted warfare in Assyria as early as 700 BC and subsequently by India, Egypt, China, Persia, Greece, and Rome. The weapon was widely used throughout Eurasia during the Middle Ages and the Renaissance by heavy cavalry, but fell out of general use by the late 16th century, before its revival by light cavalry in the early 19th century. Lance cavalry remained in an active role into the early 20th century and World War I. In modern times, many militaries retain units designated as lancers. However, the lance itself has been relegated to a ceremonial role.

Aswaran
The Aswārān (singular aswār), also spelled Asbārān and Savaran, was a cavalry force that formed the backbone of the army of the Sasanian Empire. They were provided by the aristocracy, were heavily armored, and ranged from archers to cataphracts.
Theodore Palaiologos
Theodore Palaiologos or Palaeologus (Greek: Θεόδωρος Παλαιολόγος), can refer to:

Theodore Palaiologos (son of Michael VIII) (c. 1263 – after 1310), Byzantine prince and general

Theodore I, Marquess of Montferrat (c. 1291–1338), Marquess of Montferrat in 1306–1338

Theodore I Palaiologos  (c. 1355–1407), Despot of the Morea in 1383–1407

Theodore II, Marquis of Montferrat (died 1418), Marquess of Montferrat in 1381–1418

Theodore II Palaiologos (c. 1396–1448), Despot of the Morea in 1407–1443

Teodoro Paleologo di Montferrato (1425–1484), Catholic bishop

Theodore Palaiologos (stratiote) (1452–1532), stratiote in the service of Venice

Theodore Paleologus (c. 1560–1636), alleged descendant of Thomas Palaiologos

Theodore Paleologus (Junior) (1609–1644), son of Theodore Paleologus

Theodorious Paleologus (c. 1660–1693), grandson of Theodore Paleologus

Theodore Palaeologo (c. 1823–1912), 19th-century pretender to the throne of Greece

Stratioti
The Stratioti or Stradioti were mercenary units from the Balkans recruited mainly by states of Southern Europe and Central Europe from the 15th century until the middle of the 18th century. They were largely of Albanian origin (about 80%), others were of Greek (most of whom were captains) and South Slavic origin. They pioneered light cavalry tactics in European armies in the early modern era.
Three Modern Women
Three Modern Women (Chinese: 三个摩登女性; pinyin: Sāngè Módēng Nǚxìng) is a 1933 Chinese film directed by Bu Wancang and written by Tian Han. The film tells a story about the romantic relationships between a movie star and three women representing three archetypes of contemporary women. Released by the Lianhua Film Company, it was highly popular and won praise from left-wing critics.

It is considered a lost film.

Bu Wancang
Bu Wancang (July 1, 1900 – December 30, 1973), also known by his English name Richard Poh, was a prolific Chinese film director and screenwriter active between the 1920s and the 1960s. He was born in Anhui.
Wilson County, North Carolina
Wilson County, officially the County of Wilson, is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 78,784. The county seat is Wilson. The county comprises the Wilson, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included within the Rocky Mount-Wilson-Roanoke Rapids, NC Combined Statistical Area.

Roanoke Rapids, North Carolina
Roanoke Rapids (/ˈroʊəˌnoʊk/) is a city in Halifax County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 15,229 at the 2020 census and is the largest community in Halifax County. It is the principal city of the Roanoke Rapids Micropolitan Statistical Area, and is also an anchor city of the Rocky Mount-Wilson-Roanoke Rapids CSA, with a total population of 297,726 as of 2018.
29 (Loïc Nottet song)
"29" is a song by Belgian singer Loïc Nottet, released for digital download on 5 June 2019 by Sony Music as the third single from his second studio album Sillygomania. It was written by Sacha Skarbek and Nottet, while the production was handled by the latter. A piano-driven ballad, the track builds to a "strong and explosive" chorus and features Nottet reaching high notes throughout. The autobiographical lyrics delve on the ending on a relationship and also approach themes of hopelessness, loneliness and struggle.

An accompanying music video for the track was uploaded to the singer's YouTube channel on 4 June 2019. Directed by Julien Hosmalin, the critically acclaimed clip depicts Nottet and his love interest, played by Fanny Sage, reaching for each other on top of a levitating Mercedes-Benz car. Commercially, the track charted in the Wallonia and Flanders regions of Belgium. It was also promoted by a live performance for MNM.

Sacha Skarbek
Sacha Skarbek (born 29 May 1972) is a British songwriter and producer. He is best known for co-writing James Blunt's hit singles "You're Beautiful" and "Goodbye My Lover" as well as Miley Cyrus' hit song "Wrecking Ball". Skarbek has worked with artists such as Adele, Lana Del Rey, Jason Mraz, Tears for Fears, Duffy and many more.
Fort Yargo State Park
Fort Yargo State Park is a 1,816-acre (7.35 km2) U.S. state park located in Winder, Georgia, situated between Athens and Atlanta. The park is located 1 mile south of Winder and is accessible by Georgia State Route 81. There is a 260-acre (1.1 km2) lake with a public beach. Available activities at Fort Yargo include GeoCaching, hiking, mountain biking, disc golf, boating (including johnboat, pedal boat, and canoe rentals), lake swimming, fishing, picnicking, and miniature golf. The park also features a log fort built in 1792 by settlers, for protection against the Creek and Cherokee.

The park also hosts Camp Will-A-Way, an accessible camp designed for individuals with developmental disabilities, in partnership with Camp Twin Lakes.

Winder, Georgia
Winder (/ˈwaɪndər/, WYNE-dər) is a city and the county seat of Barrow County, Georgia, United States. It is located east of Atlanta and is part of Metro Atlanta. The population was 18,338 at the 2020 census.
Jah Screw
Paul Love, better known as Jah Screw (born in Greenwich Farm, Jamaica, 9 February 1955) is a Jamaican singer and record producer best known for his work in the 1980s and 1990s with artists such as Barrington Levy, Barry Brown, and Ranking Joe.

Jamaicans
Jamaicans are the citizens of Jamaica and their descendants in the Jamaican diaspora. The vast majority of Jamaicans are of Sub-Saharan African descent, with minorities of Europeans, Indians, Chinese, Middle Eastern, and others of mixed ancestry. The bulk of the Jamaican diaspora resides in other Anglophone countries, namely Canada, the United States and the United Kingdom. Jamaican populations are also prominent in other Caribbean countries, territories and Commonwealth realms, where in the Cayman Islands, born Jamaicans, as well as Caymanians of Jamaican origin, make up 26.8% of the population.
Outside of Anglophone countries, the largest Jamaican diaspora community lives in Central America, where Jamaicans make up a significant percentage of the population.
Third Supreme Assembly of the Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists
The Extraordinary Third Supreme Assembly of the Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists (Ukrainian: Третій надзвичайний великий збір Організаціі українських націоналістів, romanized: Tretii nadzvychainyi velykyi zbir Orhanizatsii Ukrainskykh natsionalistiv) was a meeting of members of the Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists loyal to Stepan Bandera that occurred in the village of Zolota Sloboda (then under the Nazi German General Government, now in western Ukraine) between 21 and 25 August 1943. Held amidst World War II and a crackdown by the German government on the OUN, it was notable for leading the OUN to publicly abandon its previous support for integral nationalism in favour of democracy, though the extent to which this was genuine has been disputed.

Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine
Encyclopedia of History of Ukraine (Ukrainian: Енциклопедія історії України, ЕІУ) is an illustrated encyclopedia on history of Ukraine in 10 volumes. It was published in Ukrainian language in 2003–2013 and 2019 in Kyiv by the Naukova Dumka academic publishing house under auspices of the NASU Institute of History of Ukraine (National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine) headed by Valeriy Smoliy.
Aristida divaricata
Aristida divaricata is a species of grass known by the common name poverty threeawn. It is native to the Americas from the central United States to Guatemala. It is a perennial grass forming clumps of unbranched stems up to 70 centimeters tall. Leaves are mostly basal and roll along the edges. The sparse inflorescence is a wide, flat, open array of spikelets that break apart easily. The grain has a twisted tip and three awns up to 2 centimeters long.

Awn (botany)
An awn is a hairy or bristle-like growth on a plant.

On the seeds of grasses such as barley or rye, they form foxtails which assist seed dispersal by being barbed and so sticking to passing animals.  Also, the awns may twist or curl as they are wetted and dry out and this action can make fallen seeds walk until they fall into a crevice into which they then burrow.

Besides grasses, other families of plants which have awns include Asteraceae such as sunflowers and Geraniaceae such as geraniums.  In the latter, the awns help disperse the seeds by developing a tension which then catapults the seeds when the seed head ripens and dries out.
House of Tokhtamish (Circassian family)
The House of Tokhtamish (Kabardian: Тохъутэмыщ, Russian: Тохтамышев) was a noble Kabardian house that was deprived of its princely status. They were the only Kabardian dynasty to lose their princely title. Like other Kabardian princes, the Tokhtamish family descended from Inal the Great.

Inal the Great
Inal Nef (Adyghe: Инал Нэшъу; Kabardian: Инал Нэф, lit. 'Inal the Blind') was the legendary Supreme Prince (King) of Circassia who unified all Circassians into one state. He led campaigns into several areas and expanded borders on all directions. Inal's descendants are narrated to have been the founders of princely dynasties within Circassian tribes, mainly Kabardia, Besleney, Temirgoy, Zhaney, and Hatuqay.
SNCF 2D2 9100
The 2D2 9100 was a class of electric locomotives operated by the SNCF in France, introduced in 1950. They were a development of the pre-war 2D2 5500, built during the post-war push for increased electrification.

Traction motor
A traction motor is an electric motor used for propulsion of a vehicle, such as locomotives, electric or hydrogen vehicles, or electric multiple unit trains.

Traction motors are used in electrically powered railway vehicles (electric multiple units) and other electric vehicles, including electric milk floats, trolleybuses, elevators, roller coasters, and conveyor systems, as well as vehicles with electrical transmission systems (diesel–electric locomotives, electric hybrid vehicles), and battery electric vehicles.
SS Günther Russ
Günther Russ was a 998 GRT coaster that was built in 1921 by Stettiner Oderwerke AG, Stettin for German owners. She was seized by the Allies in May 1945, passed to the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) and renamed Empire Condorrat. She was sold into merchant service in 1947 and renamed Kenton. In 1950, she was sold to West Germany and was renamed Günther Russ, serving until 1957 when she was scrapped.

Ministry of War Transport
The Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) was a department of the British Government formed early in the Second World War to control transportation policy and resources. It was formed by merging the Ministry of Shipping and the Ministry of Transport, bringing responsibility for both shipping and land transport to a single department, and easing problems of co-ordination of transport in wartime.

The MoWT was founded on 1 May 1941, when Lord Leathers was appointed Minister of War Transport. Following the general election of July 1945, Alfred Barnes was appointed Minister of War Transport, remaining in the post after the department was renamed the Ministry of Transport in April 1946.
Cadra perfasciata
Cadra perfasciata is a species of snout moth in the tribe Phycitini. It was described by Marianne Horak in 1994. It is found in the southern arid areas of Australia, on both sides of the Nullarbor Plain (South Australia/Western Australia).

The wingspan is 14–17 mm for males and 15–18 mm for females.

Pyralidae
The Pyralidae, commonly called pyralid moths, snout moths or grass moths, are a family of Lepidoptera in the ditrysian superfamily Pyraloidea. In many (particularly older) classifications, the grass moths (Crambidae) are included in the Pyralidae as a subfamily, making the combined group one of the largest families in the Lepidoptera. The latest review by Eugene G. Munroe and Maria Alma Solis retain the Crambidae as a full family of Pyraloidea.

The wingspans for small and medium-sized species are usually between 9 and 37 mm (0.35 and 1.46 in) with variable morphological features.

It is a diverse group, with more than 6,000 species described worldwide, and more than 600 species in America north of Mexico, comprising the third largest moth family in North America. At least 42 species have been recorded from North Dakota in the subfamilies of Pyralidae.