hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Noriaki Kinoshita
Noriaki Kinoshita (木下 典明, Kinoshita Noriaki), born December 29, 1982) is a Japanese football wide receiver who currently plays for the Obic Seagulls of the X-League. He was signed by the Amsterdam Admirals in 2005. He played college football for the Ritsumeikan Panthers.

World Bowl
The World Bowl was the annual American football championship game of the World League of American Football, later called NFL Europe. The World Bowl was played each year from 1991 to 2007 (except 1993 and 1994).

The first World Bowl was played in 1991 in London. With the 1995 relaunch of the World League with the North American teams removed, all subsequent World Bowls were played in Europe between European clubs. The only World Bowl to take place outside Europe was World Bowl '92 in Montreal, Canada.

The World Bowl trophy was a globe made of glass measuring 35.5 cm (14 inches) in diameter and weighing 18.6 kg (41 lbs).
Backwater (river)
A backwater is a part of a river in which there is little or no current. It can refer to a branch of a main river, which lies alongside it and then rejoins it, or to a body of water in a main river, backed up by the sea tide or by an obstruction such as a dam. Manmade restrictions to natural stream flow or temporary natural obstructions such as ice jams, vegetation blockage, or flooding of a lower stream can create backwater.

Ice jam
Ice jams occur when the ice that is drifting down-current in a river comes to a stop, for instance, at a river bend, when it contacts the river bed in a shallow area, or against bridge piers. Doing so increases the resistance to flow, thereby inducing an increase in water level upstream of the jam (referred to as backwater). Ice jams are thus a main cause for flooding during the winter. In addition, when the jam is released, depending on the conditions under which this happens, the amount of water that was retained behind the jam can also lead to flooding downstream of where the jam occurred. Ice jam floods are generally less predictable and can also be faster than open-water floods.
R v Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, ex parte World Development Movement Ltd
R v Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs, ex parte World Development Movement Ltd is a judicial review case in English law decided by the Divisional Court of England and Wales on 10 November 1994 in which the World Development Movement challenged the decision of the United Kingdom's Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs to spend £234 million on a development project on Malaysia's Pergau Dam.

English law
English law is the common law legal system of England and Wales, comprising mainly criminal law and civil law, each branch having its own courts and procedures. The judiciary is independent, and legal principles like fairness, equality before the law, and the right to a fair trial are foundational to the system.
Connor (given name)
Connor is an Irish male given name, anglicised from the compound Irish word Conchobhar, meaning "lover of hounds", or "lover of wolves". The most prominent person with this name in medieval Ireland was the Irish king Conchobar mac Nessa, a semi-legendary king in Ulster described in the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology, and the name was probably first anglicised to Connor by the Hiberno-Normans.

Conchobar mac Nessa
Conchobar mac Nessa (son of Ness) is the king of Ulster in the Ulster Cycle of Irish mythology. He rules from Emain Macha (Navan Fort, near Armagh). He is usually said to be the son of the High King Fachtna Fáthach, although in some stories his father is the druid Cathbad, and he is usually known by his matronymic, mac Nessa: his mother is Ness, daughter of Eochaid Sálbuide, King of Ulster.

Conchobar was an important figure in the Ulster Cycle, appearing in the Táin Bó Cúailnge and a number of other stories where he is depicted as a good king, though he is depicted as a tyrant and villain in the legend of Deirdre of the Sorrows.
Jaala
Jaala is a former municipality of Finland.

It is located in the province of Southern Finland and is part of the Kymenlaakso region. The municipality had a population of 1,906 (2003) and covered an area of 563.06 km² of which 129.89 km² was water. The population density was 3.4 inhabitants per km².

The municipality was unilingually Finnish.

In 2009, the six municipalities of Kouvola, Kuusankoski, Elimäki, Anjalankoski, Valkeala and Jaala were consolidated to form a new municipality named Kouvola, which, with a population of over 80,000, became the tenth largest city in Finland.

Regions of Finland
Finland is divided into 19 regions (Finnish: maakunta; Swedish: landskap)
which are governed by regional councils that serve as forums of cooperation for the municipalities of each region. The councils are composed of delegates from the municipal councils. The main tasks of regional councils are regional planning, the development of enterprises, and education. Between 2004 and 2012, the regional council of Kainuu was elected via popular elections as part of an experimental regional administration.

In 2022, new Wellbeing services counties were established as part of a health care and social services reform. The wellbeing services counties follow the regional borders, and are governed by directly elected county councils.
Polarization spectroscopy
Polarization spectroscopy comprises a set of spectroscopic techniques based on polarization properties of light (not necessarily visible one; UV, X-ray, infrared, or in any other frequency range of the electromagnetic radiation). By analyzing the polarization properties of light, decisions can be made about the media that emitted the light (or the media the light passes/scatters through). Alternatively, a source of polarized light may be used to probe a media; in this case, the changes in the light polarization (compared to the incidental light) allow inferences about the media's properties.

In general, any kind of anisotropy in the media results in some sort of change in polarization. Such an anisotropy can be either inherent to the media (e.g., in the case of a crystal substance), or imposed externally (e.g., in the presence of magnetic field in plasma or by another laser beam).

Anisotropy
Anisotropy (/ˌænaɪˈsɒtrəpi, ˌænɪ-/) is the structural property of non-uniformity in different directions, as opposed to isotropy. An anisotropic object or pattern has properties that differ according to direction of measurement. For example, many materials exhibit very different physical or mechanical properties when measured along different axes, e.g. absorbance, refractive index, conductivity, and tensile strength.

An example of anisotropy is light coming through a polarizer. Another is wood, which is easier to split along its grain than across it because of the directional non-uniformity of the grain (the grain is the same in one direction, not all directions).
Nargiz Süleymanova
Nargiz Süleymanova (born 6 September 2004) is a German-Azerbaijani figure skater. Competing for Azerbaijan, she is the 2025 Bosphorus Cup champion and the 2026 Merano Ice Trophy silver medalist.

Süleymanova represented Germany until 2021 and is the 2020 German junior national champion.

2021–22 ISU Junior Grand Prix
The 2021–22 ISU Junior Grand Prix was a series of junior international competitions organized by the International Skating Union that were held from August 2021 through December 2021. It was the junior-level complement to the 2021–22 ISU Grand Prix of Figure Skating. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. Skaters earned points based on their placement at each event and the top six in each discipline qualified to compete at the 2021–22 Junior Grand Prix Final in Osaka, Japan. Ultimately, the Grand Prix Final was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Stephen Blair
Stephen Blair JP (21 March 1804 – 5 July 1870) was a British Conservative politician.

The first Conservative Mayor of Bolton, holding the post from 1845 to 1846, Blair was elected Conservative MP for Bolton at a by-election in 1848—caused by the death of William Bolling—and held the seat until 1852 when he was defeated.

Blair was a prominent Freemason rising to Provincial Grand Master.

Upon his death, Blair donated £30,000 to be used for the building and running of Blair Hospital — named after him — in Bolton.

Provincial Grand Master
Provincial Grand Master (abbreviated PGM, PrGM or ProvGM, although the latter is preferred to avoid confusion with Past Grand Master), sometimes called District Grand Master or Metropolitan Grand Master, is a fraternal office held by the head of a Provincial Grand Lodge, who is directly appointed by the organisation's Grand Master.
Doliny
Doliny [dɔˈlinɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Złoczew, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) south-east of Złoczew, 25 km (16 mi) south of Sieradz, and 72 km (45 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Złoczew
Złoczew is a town in Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland, with 3,340 inhabitants (2020). It is located in the historic Sieradz Land, 23 kilometres (14 miles) south of Sieradz and 23 kilometres (14 miles) north of Wieluń.

Złoczew is a relatively young town in the region, dating back to the Late Middle Ages, with a preserved palace and park ensemble and Renaissance churches. It is located close to the Route of the Heroes of the Battle of Warsaw 1920, the main highway connecting Wrocław with Łódź, Warsaw and Białystok.
Agonopterix amissella
Agonopterix amissella is a moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by August Busck in 1908. It is found in North America, where it has been recorded from Florida.

The wingspan is about 17 mm. The forewings are ochreous brown, sparsely sprinkled with black scales, especially on the costal apical area. The extreme base is somewhat lighter than the rest of the wing, and this light shade is faintly continued along the base of the costal edge. The basal area is sharply limited by a short black streak from the dorsal edge. There are two round deep black dots in the middle of the disc and there is an ill-defined blackish-brown blotch just before the end of the cell. The hindwings are light ochreous fuscous.

August Busck
Augustus Busck (February 18, 1870 in Randers, Denmark – March 7, 1944) was a Danish-American entomologist with the United States Department of Agriculture's Bureau of Entomology, stationed in the U.S. National Museum. He is best known for his work with microlepidoptera, of which he described over 600 species. His collections of Lepidoptera from North America and the Panama Canal Zone are held by the National Museum of Natural History in Washington, D.C.
Circuit City (album)
Circuit City is a studio album by American musician and poet Camae Ayewa, released under her alias Moor Mother. It was released on September 25, 2020 through Don Giovanni Records. Composed as a recorded soundtrack for the 2019 stage production of the same name by Ayewa, the album features contributions from the free jazz collective Irreversible Entanglements and the Circuit City Band. Lyrically, the album deals with housing inequality, private ownership and institutional racism.

The album was accompanied by a short film for the track "Act 1 - Working Machine", as well as by an essay by writer Rasheedah Phillips.

Housing inequality
Housing inequality is a disparity in the quality of housing in a society which is a form of economic inequality. The right to housing is recognized by many national constitutions, and the lack of adequate housing can have adverse consequences for an individual or a family. The term may apply regionally (across a geographic area), temporally (between one generation and the next) or culturally (between groups with different racial or social backgrounds). Housing inequality is directly related to racial, social, income and wealth inequality. It is often the result of market forces, discrimination and segregation.

It is also a cause and an effect of poverty. Residential inequality is especially relevant when considering Amartya Sen's definition of poverty as "the deprivation of core capabilities".
2025 Mubadala Citi DC Open
The 2025 Washington Open (called the Mubadala Citi DC Open for sponsorship reasons) was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 56th edition of the Washington Open for the men, and the 13th edition for the women. The event was an ATP 500 tournament on the 2025 ATP Tour and a WTA 500 tournament on the 2025 WTA Tour. The tournament took place at the William H.G. FitzGerald Tennis Center in Washington, D.C. from July 21–27, 2025.

ATP 500 tournaments
The ATP 500 tournaments (previously known as the ATP World Tour 500 tournaments, ATP International Series Gold, and ATP Championship Series) are the fourth-highest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, and the ATP Masters 1000 events. The winners of each tournament are awarded 500 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2025, the series includes 16 tournaments, which have draws of 32 for singles (except for the Washington Open: 48) and 16 for doubles. Leading players must enter at least four 500 events, including at least one after the US Open; if they play fewer than four, or fail to play in one after the US Open they get a "zero" score towards their world ranking for each one short.

Roger Federer has won the most ATP 500 singles titles (24), while Daniel Nestor has won the most doubles titles (20).
Raymond Fabien
Raymond Fabien (born 1 October 1945 in Port-of-Spain) is a retired sprinter from Trinidad and Tobago.

He competed in 4 x 100 metres relay at the 1968 Olympic Games, but the team consisting of Fabien, Carl Archer, Edwin Roberts and Winston Short was knocked out in the semi-final. Fabien later competed in both 100 metres and relay at the 1971 Pan American Games, but without reaching the final.

Athletics at the 1971 Pan American Games
The athletics competition at the 1971 Pan American Games was held in Estadio Olímpico Pascual Guerrero in Cali, Colombia.  At almost exactly 1000 metres elevation, all the marks from this meet marginally qualify as "altitude assisted."
Derek Deans
Derek Thomas Deans (born 30 April 1945) is a Scottish former international rugby union player.

Deans was born in Hawick in the Scottish Borders. His PE master during primary school was BBC commentator Bill McLaren. He later attended Robert Gordon's College in Aberdeen and was a good enough swimmer to win a Scottish Schoolboys freestyle championship, while in his final year he won rugby colours.

A Hawick RFC hooker, Deans received one Scotland cap, playing a 1968 Calcutta Cup match against England at Murrayfield, but was a reserve on numerous others occasions as back up for Frank Laidlaw. He took part in Scotland's 1969 tour of Argentina and also toured South Africa with Scottish Borders. Derek also appeared 4 times for the Barbarians against London Wasps, Cardiff, Swansea and Leicester Tigers. Scoring against Swansea and Wasps.

Deans went on to become President of Hawick RFC in the 1985–86 and 1986–87 seasons.

Hawick RFC
Hawick Rugby Football Club is an semi-pro rugby union side, currently playing in the Scottish Premiership and Border League. The club was founded in 1885 and are based at Mansfield Park at Hawick in the Scottish Borders.
Lichen sclerosus
Lichen sclerosus (LSc ) is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease, of disputed cause, which can affect any body part of any person, but has a strong predilection for the genitals (penis, vulva); it has historically been called balanitis xerotica obliterans when it affects the penis. LSc is not contagious. There is a well-documented increase of genital cancer risk in LSc, potentially much reduced with early diagnosis and effective, definitive treatment, especially in men. LSc in adult age women is held to be incurable, although treatment can lessen its effects, and it often gets progressively worse if not treated properly. Most males with mild or intermediate disease, restricted to the foreskin or the glans penis can be cured by either medical or surgical treatment.

Vitiligo
Vitiligo (/ˌvɪtɪˈlaɪɡoʊ/ VIT-ih-LY-goh) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that causes patches of skin to lose pigment or color. The cause of vitiligo is unknown, but it may be related to immune system changes, genetic factors, stress, or sun exposure, and susceptibility to it may be affected by regional environmental risk factors, especially early in life. Treatment options include topical medications, light therapy, surgery and cosmetics. The condition causes patches of a light peachy color of any size, which can appear on any place on the body; in particular, nonsegmental vitiligo, the common form, tends to progress, affecting more of the skin over time. Vitiligo spots on the skin can also vary in pigmentation over long periods, although they will stay in relatively the same areas.
Gillian Gregory
Gillian Gregory is an English dancer and choreographer for stage and screen. She won the Tony Award for Best Choreography for the Broadway musical Me and My Girl at the 41st Tony Awards. She has worked extensively as a choreographer for film and television. She was the choreographer for the films Mahler (1974), Tommy (1975), Bugsy Malone (1976), Queen Kong (1976), Valentino (1977), Quadrophenia (1979), There Goes the Bride (1980), Reds (1981), Shock Treatment (1981), Pink Floyd – The Wall (1982), Star Wars: Episode VI – Return of the Jedi (1983), Privates on Parade (1983), Top Secret! (1984), and Déjà Vu (1985). She was also the assistant choreographer for The Rocky Horror Picture Show (1975). She has choreographed episodes for television series The Mike Reid Show, The Lively Arts, Wogan, The Innes Book of Records, Thompson, and Campion.

41st Tony Awards
The 41st Annual Tony Awards was held on June 7, 1987, at the Mark Hellinger Theatre and broadcast by CBS television. Angela Lansbury was the host for the third time (she was also the host in 1968, 1971, 1987, 1988 and 1989). This broadcast was awarded the 1987 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Variety, Music or Comedy Series.
Bryn Alyn
Bryn Alyn is a hill and Site of Special Scientific Interest in Denbighshire, North Wales, and forms part of the Clwydian Range and Dee Valley Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Bryn Alyn lies in the community of Llanarmon-yn-Iâl, to the east of the River Alyn, with the valley of Dyffryn Alyn separating it from the main range of the Clwydian hills. At just 408m, Bryn Alyn's significance is not in its height, but in the dramatic west-facing limestone cliffs, which can be seen from the nearby A494 trunk road and from many of the walking routes in the southern Clwydian hills. Areas of natural limestone pavement can be found throughout the upper parts of the hill. The main points of access to Bryn Alyn are from the nearby villages of Llanferres and Eryrys. A nature information board for Bryn Alyn can be found in the layby on the A494 just south of Llanferres, at grid reference SJ188600.

Hill
A hill is a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain. It often has a distinct summit, and is usually applied to peaks which are above elevation compared to the relative landmass, though not as prominent as mountains. Hills fall under the category of slope landforms.
Marie-Ève Laure
Marie-Ève Laure is the stage name of Marie-Ève Lapierre-Lemoyne, a Canadian folk-pop singer-songwriter from Sainte-Thérèse, Quebec, who won the Canadian Folk Music Award for French Songwriter of the Year for her album Onze at the 16th Canadian Folk Music Awards in 2021.

As Marie-Ève Lapierre, she competed in the fourth season of La Voix in 2016, being eliminated from the competition in episode 11.

She released Onze, her debut album, in 2019. In addition to her French Songwriter of the Year win at the CFMAs, she was also a nominee for New/Emerging Artist of the Year, and for the Félix Award for Country Album of the Year at the 42nd Felix Awards.

Félix Award
The Félix Award (French: Trophée Félix or Prix Félix) is an award, given by the Association du disque, de l'industrie du spectacle québécois (ADISQ) on an annual basis to artists working in the music and humor industry in the Canadian province of Quebec.
Igor Zidić
Igor Zidić (born 10 February 1939) is a Croatian art historian, art critic, poet and essayist. He is considered an expert on Croatian modern art.

Zidić was born in Split, where he graduated from the Classical Gymnasium. He obtained a diploma in art history and comparative literature from the University of Zagreb in 1964. Zidić became the editor of Hrvatski tjednik in 1971, but lost his job after the magazine was shut down by the Yugoslavian government.

Zidić was a director of Modern Gallery in Zagreb from 1989 to 2008. From 2002–14, he was the president of Matica hrvatska. In 1986, Zidić received the Tin Ujević Award for poetry.

Zidić is a father of six children.

Modern Gallery, Zagreb
Modern Gallery  (Croatian: Moderna galerija; since 2021 the National Museum of Modern Art, Nacionalni muzej moderne umjetnosti) is a museum in Zagreb, Croatia that holds the most important and comprehensive collection of paintings, sculptures and drawings by 19th and 20th century Croatian artists. The collection numbers around 10,000 works of art, housed since 1934 in the historic Vranyczany Palace in the centre of Zagreb, overlooking the Zrinjevac Park. A secondary gallery is the Josip Račić Studio at Margaretska 3.
Getup Ltd v Electoral Commissioner
Getup Ltd v Electoral Commissioner (2010) was a landmark decision made by the Federal Court of Australia on 13 August 2010 allowing Australians to enrol online in future elections. The Federal Court ruled in favour of GetUp! in their challenge of the Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918, that rejected first-time voter Sophie Trevitt's electronic enrolment application, after her electronic signature was deemed invalid.

Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918
The Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918 is an Act of the Australian Parliament which continues to be the core legislation governing the conduct of elections in Australia, having been amended on numerous occasions since 1918. The Act was introduced by the Nationalist Party of Billy Hughes, the main purpose of which was to replace first-past-the-post voting with instant-runoff voting ("preferential voting") for the House of Representatives and the Senate. The Labor Party opposed the introduction of preferential voting. The Act has been amended on several occasions since.
John Glover (general)
John Glover (November 5, 1732 – January 30, 1797) was an American fisherman, merchant, politician, and military leader from Marblehead, Massachusetts, who served as a brigadier general in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War. He is most famous in American history for his role in helping found what would become the United States Navy, along with his regiment rowing Washington across the Delaware, the Battle of Long Island, and leading one of the first integrated regiments in the American Revolution.

Yale University Art Gallery
The Yale University Art Gallery (YUAG) is an  art museum in New Haven, Connecticut. It houses a major encyclopedic collection of art in several interconnected buildings on the campus of Yale University. Although it embraces all cultures and periods, the gallery emphasizes early Italian Renaissance painting, African sculpture, and modern art. It is the oldest university art museum in the Western Hemisphere.