hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pierre Petit (scholar)
Pierre Petit (French: [pəti]; 1617–1687) was a French scholar, physician, poet and Latin writer.

Born at Paris, Petit studied medicine at Montpellier, where he took the degree of MD, though he did not practice medicine afterwards. Returning to Paris, he resided for some time with the president Lamoignon, as tutor to his sons, and afterwards as a literary companion with Aymar de Nicolai, first president of the chamber of accounts. He died shortly after taking a wife.

De Nicolay family
The de Nicolay family (de Nicolaÿ/Nicolaï) – refer to Nobility particle –  is an old European noble family of the Ancien Régime with its roots in Southern France at the early part of the 14th Century. There is however, evidence to suggest that its origins stretch further back to the growth of the city state of Florence at the beginning of the Florentine Renaissance. The Nicolay family was originally associated with the French noble classes of the Nobles of the Robe and the Nobles of the Sword.  It is well documented that members of the House of Nicolay became highly influential in the spheres of national government, law, the church, academia, military and diplomatic service, as well as the arts. They held the titles of marquis, count and baron.
Pershore
Pershore (/ˈpɜːrʃɔːr/) is a market town and civil parish in the Wychavon district in Worcestershire, England, on the banks of the River Avon. At the 2011 census, the population was 7,125. The town is best known for Pershore Abbey. Pershore is situated 6 miles (10 km) west of Evesham and 6 miles (10 km) east of Upton-upon-Severn in the Vale of Evesham.

Dodgy
Dodgy are an English rock band formed in Hounslow in 1990. The band rose to prominence during the Britpop era of the 1990s. They are best known for their hits "Staying Out for the Summer", "If You're Thinking of Me", and "Good Enough".  "Good Enough" was their biggest hit, reaching No. 4 on the UK Singles Chart. They released their latest album, What Are We Fighting For, in September 2016.

Their song "Good Enough" was featured on the soundtrack to the film Sliding Doors (1998).
Cue for Treason
Cue for Treason (1940) is a children's historical novel written by Geoffrey Trease and is his best-known work. The novel is set in Elizabethan England at the end of the 16th century. Two young runaways become boy actors, at first on the road and later in London, where they are befriended by William Shakespeare. They become aware of a plot against Queen Elizabeth's life and attempt to prevent it.

Tudor London
The Tudor period in London started with the beginning of the reign of Henry VII in 1485 and ended in 1603 with the death of Elizabeth I. During this period, the population of the city grew enormously, from about 50,000 at the end of the 15th century to an estimated 200,000 by 1603, over 13 times that of the next-largest city in England, Norwich. The city also spread over more land, further passing the bounds of its old medieval walls to reach as far west as St. Giles by the end of the period. In 1598, the historian John Stow called it "the fairest, largest, richest and best inhabited city in the world".
Netheli Aru
The Netheli Aru is a river in Northern Province, Sri Lanka. The river rises in central Mullaitivu District, and flow north through Mullaitivu District and Kilinochchi District. The river empties into Chundikkulam Lagoon after a 24 km (15mi) journey.

Mullaitivu District
Mullaitivu District (Tamil: முல்லைத்தீவு மாவட்டம், Mullaittīvu Māvaṭṭam; Sinhala: මුලතිවු දිස්ත්‍රික්කය, Mulativu distrikkaya) is one of the 25 districts of Sri Lanka, the second level administrative division of the country. The district is administered by a District Secretariat headed by a District Secretary (previously known as a Government Agent) appointed by the central government of Sri Lanka. The capital of the district is the town of Mullaitivu.
Firefly Learning
Firefly Learning is an educational technology company based in London, England with offices in Sydney that provides virtual learning platforms to hundreds of schools around the world. The Firefly platform allows teachers, students and parents to publish and access information from anywhere with an internet connection.

BETT
Bett (formerly known as the British Educational Training and Technology Show) is a global series of education shows organised by Hyve Group marketing information technology in education.  The flagship show is located in the UK, with satellite events in Asia & Brasil. Bett is also a global community for education technology, which hosts webinars, CPD sessions and publish articles from the leaders in education.
Beyond the Wall (2022 film)
Beyond the Wall (Persian: شب، داخلی، دیوار, romanized: Shab, Dakheli, Divar, lit. 'Night, Interior, Wall') is a 2022 Iranian drama film written and directed by Vahid Jalilvand, and produced by Ali Jalilvand. The film stars Navid Mohammadzadeh, Diana Habibi and Amir Aghaei. Beyond the Wall had its world premiere at the 79th Venice International Film Festival on 8 September 2022.

Golden Lion
The Golden Lion (Italian: Leone d'oro) is the highest prize given to a film at the Venice Film Festival. The prize was introduced in 1949 by the organizing committee and is widely regarded as one of the film industry's most prestigious and distinguished prizes. In 1970, the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement was introduced, an honorary prize for people who have made an important contribution to cinema.

The prize was introduced in 1949 as the Golden Lion of Saint Mark, which was one of the best known symbols of the ancient Republic of Venice. In 1954, the prize was permanently named the Golden Lion.
Parliament of Devils
The Parliament of Devils was an English Parliament held at Coventry in the Benedictine Priory of St. Mary's.  The primary reason for calling the Parliament was to pass bills of attainder for high treason against Yorkist nobles following the Battle of Ludford Bridge.

This was the 21st parliament summoned in the reign of King Henry VI of England. It was summoned on 9 October 1459 for its first meeting on 20 November 1459, where Sir Thomas Tresham, knight of the shire for Northamptonshire, was elected Speaker of the House of Commons. The prominent figures condemned at this parliament were Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, who was not invited to Parliament, his sons Edward, Earl of March (the future King Edward IV) and Edmund, Earl of Rutland, as well as Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury, and his son, Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick.

The parliament was dissolved on 20 December 1459.

Northamptonshire (UK Parliament constituency)
The county constituency of Northamptonshire, in the East Midlands of England was a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England, then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832 and was represented in Parliament by two MPs, traditionally known as Knights of the Shire.

After 1832 the county was split into two new  constituencies, North Northamptonshire and South Northamptonshire.
Edinburgh Synagogue
The Edinburgh Synagogue is an Orthodox Jewish congregation and synagogue, located at 4a Salisbury Road in the Newington area of Edinburgh, Scotland, in the United Kingdom. Established in 1816 as the Edinburgh Hebrew Congregation, the congregation worships in the Ashkenazi rite, under the auspices of the Chief Rabbi of the United Hebrew Congregations of the Commonwealth.

The current synagogue building was opened in 1932, replacing a converted chapel on Graham Street which had served as the synagogue since 1898.

Nusach (Jewish custom)
In Judaism, a nusach or nusakh (Hebrew: נוסח, romanized: nusáḥ, Yiddish: נוסח, romanized: núsekh, pl. נוסחים nusaḥim, Yiddish: נוסחאות, romanized: nuskhóes) is the exact text of a Jewish prayer service, sometimes translated as "rite". Nusach may more accurately translate to "formulation" or "wording".

The texts of siddurim used by the array of Jewish ethnic divisions and religious movements include Baladi-rite prayer, nusach Ashkenaz, nusach Sefard, nusach edot haMizraḥ, Italian nusach, and nusach Ari.

A textual nusach is distinct from a musical nusach, the latter referring to a community's musical style or tradition, particularly the chanted melodies used for the Amidah and other recitative prayers.
Dafydd Cadwaladr
Dafydd Cadwaladr (1752 – 9 July 1834) was a Welsh Calvinistic Methodist preacher. He grew up in Llangwm, Denbighshire, where his family had lived for generations. By noting the letters on sheep's backs and then picking his way through the Prayer Book he was able to teach himself to read, and enjoyed reciting works such as the 'Pilgrim's Progress' at the local 'knitting meetings'.

For a while he worked as a farm boy, but c. 1771 he took the position of servant at Fedw Arian, Bala, Gwynedd, working for the Methodist preacher William Evans. Dafydd knew his bible by heart, and about 1780 himself began preaching. He also enjoyed walking, and thus became a popular preacher throughout Wales.

He died in 1834, and is buried at Llanycil. His daughter was the nurse, Betsi Cadwaladr, who worked in the Crimea.

Bala, Gwynedd
Bala (Welsh: Y Bala) is a town and community in Gwynedd, Wales. Formerly an urban district, Bala lies in the historic county of Merionethshire, at the north end of Llyn Tegid. According to the 2021 census, Bala had a population of 1,999 and 72.5 per cent of the population could speak Welsh.
24th Aero Squadron
The 24th Aero Squadron was a United States Army Air Service unit that fought on the Western Front during World War I.

The squadron was assigned as an Army Observation Squadron, performing long-range, strategic reconnaissance over the entire length of the United States First Army sector of the Western Front in France.  After the 1918 Armistice with Germany, the squadron was assigned to the United States Third Army as part of the Occupation of the Rhineland in Germany. It returned to the United States in August 1919 and was demobilized.

In 1921, the squadron was consolidated with the United States Army Air Service 24th Squadron.  It later served in the Panama Canal Zone during World War II as the 24th Fighter Squadron under 6th Air Force.   It has been inactive since October 1946.

Fokker D.VII
The Fokker D.VII is a German World War I fighter aircraft designed by Reinhold Platz of the Fokker-Flugzeugwerke. Germany produced around 3,300 D.VII aircraft in the second half of 1918. In service with the Luftstreitkräfte, the D.VII quickly proved itself to be a formidable aircraft. The Armistice ending the war specifically required, as the fourth clause of the "Clauses Relating to the Western Front", that Germany was required to surrender all D.VIIs to the Allies. Surviving aircraft saw much service with many countries in the years after World War I.
Cobalt(II) hydride
Cobalt(II) hydride is an inorganic compound with a chemical formula CoH2. It has dark grey crystals. It oxidizes slowly in air and reacts with water.

Two forms of cobalt(II) hydride exist under high pressure. From 4 to 45 GPa there is a face-centred cubic form with formula CoH. This can be decompressed at low temperatures to form a metastable compound at atmospheric pressure. Over 45 GPa a cobalt(II) hydride CoH2 also crystallises in a face-centred cubic form.

Cubic crystal system
In crystallography, the cubic (or isometric) crystal system is a crystal system where the unit cell is in the shape of a cube. This is one of the most common and simplest shapes found in crystals and minerals.

There are three main varieties of these crystals:

Primitive cubic (abbreviated cP and alternatively called simple cubic)

Body-centered cubic (abbreviated cI or bcc)

Face-centered cubic (abbreviated cF or fcc)

Note: the term fcc is often used synonymously for the cubic close-packed or ccp structure occurring in metals. However, fcc stands for a face-centered cubic Bravais lattice, which is not necessarily close-packed when a motif is set onto the lattice points. E.g. the diamond and the zincblende lattices are fcc but not close-packed.
Each is subdivided into other variants listed below. Although the unit cells in these crystals are conventionally taken to be cubes, the primitive unit cells often are not.
SC Marnaval
Sporting Marnaval Club is a French association football club founded in 1940. They are based in the town of Marnaval, located in the commune of Saint-Dizier in the Haute-Marne department and are currently playing in the Championnat de France Amateurs 2 Group B, the fifth tier of the French football league system. They play at the Stade des Aciéries in Saint-Dizier.

French football league system
The French football league system, also known as the French football pyramid, is a series of interconnected leagues for club football in France and Monaco, and includes one Spanish side. At the top two levels of the system is the Ligue de Football Professionnel, which consists of two professional national divisions, Ligue 1, Ligue 2. Below that are a number of leagues run by the Fédération Française de Football. At level 3 is the semi-professional Championnat National. Below that is the Championnat National 2 (level 4), which is divided into four parallel regional divisions, followed by the Championnat National 3 (level 5), which is divided into eleven parallel regional divisions. Underneath that are many more regional and departmental leagues and divisions. Clubs finishing the season at or near the top of their division may be eligible for promotion to a higher division. Similarly, clubs finishing at or near the bottom of their division may be relegated to a lower division.
Nano House
The Nano House is an American tiny house from 2017. It was named to be the world's smallest sustainable house.

The Nano Living System is a Swiss-made "green" pre-engineered concept for residential use. The design was based on a combination of pre-engineered SIPs (made from cement fiberboard, recycled light gauge steel, and polyurethane foam), the creation of flexible spaces (through Nano Living Systems' "suspending technology"), and the use of renewable energy systems.

The Nano House can be used by a family of three in an area consisting of 25 square metres (270 sq ft). This is made possible by transforming what is a common living space by day into two separate bedrooms by night (using "suspending technology").

Structural insulated panel
A structural insulated panel, or structural insulating panel, (SIP), is a form of sandwich panel used as a building material in the construction industry.

SIP is a sandwich structured composite, consisting of an insulating layer of rigid core sandwiched between two layers of structural board. The board can be sheet metal, fibre cement, magnesium oxide board (MgO), plywood or oriented strand board (OSB), and the core can either be expanded polystyrene foam (EPS), extruded polystyrene foam (XPS), polyisocyanurate foam, polyurethane foam, or be composite honeycomb (HSC).

The sheathing accepts all tensile forces while the core material has to withstand only some compressive as well as shear forces.

In a SIP several components of conventional building, such as studs and joists, insulation, vapor barrier and air barrier can be combined. The panel can be used for many different applications, such as exterior wall, roof, floor and foundation systems.
Raymond J. Mooney
Raymond J. Mooney is an American computer scientist, professor of computer science, and director of the Artificial Intelligence laboratory at the University of Texas at Austin. His research focuses on machine learning and natural language processing.

He was educated at O'Fallon Township High School in O'Fallon, Illinois and earned a BS, MS, and Ph.D. in computer science at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, where he was advised by Gerald DeJong.

He is a fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL), and Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AAAI).

Association for Computational Linguistics
The Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL) is a scientific and professional organization for people working on natural language processing. Its namesake conference is one of the primary high impact conferences for natural language processing research, along with EMNLP. The conference is held each summer in locations where significant computational linguistics research is carried out.

It was founded in 1962, originally named the Association for Machine Translation and Computational Linguistics (AMTCL). It became the ACL in 1968. The ACL has a European (EACL), a North American (NAACL), and an Asian (AACL) chapter.
Nora Municipality
Nora Municipality (Swedish: Nora kommun) is a municipality in Örebro County in central Sweden. Its seat is located in the city of Nora.

The amalgamation leading to the present municipality took place already in 1967 and in 1971 the City of Nora became a unitary municipality.

Örebro County
Örebro County (Swedish: Örebro län) is a county or län in central Sweden. It borders the counties of Västra Götaland, Värmland, Dalarna, Västmanland, Södermanland and Östergötland. It is frequently culturally divided into the hilly northern region of Bergslagen, where mining and metallurgic industry have been important since the Middle Ages, and the southern Mälardalen of lakes and farms.
Tiatia Laulu Mapusua
Le Laulu Tiatia Mapesone Mapusua (born 1948 or 1949) is a Samoan politician and member of the Council of Deputies.

Le Laulu is from Gataivai on the island of Savaiʻi and is the son of former MP Mapusua Malo.

He ran unsuccessfully for parliament in the 2011, 2016, and 2021 elections, first as a candidate for the Tautua Samoa Party and then in 2021 as a candidate for FAST.

In December 2024 he was appointed as a member of the Council of Deputies. He assumed the position in January 2025.

Faʻatuatua i le Atua Samoa ua Tasi
Faʻatuatua i le Atua Samoa ua Tasi (FAST; English: Samoa United in Faith) is a political party in Samoa. It was founded and is led by MP Laʻauli Leuatea Schmidt. FAST was led by Prime Minister Fiamē Naomi Mataʻafa from 2021 until she was removed as leader in January 2025.
Gazon du Faing
The Gazon du Faing is a granitic summit of the Vosges massif located on the ridge line between the Col du Bonhomme and the Col de la Schlucht in eastern France.

The panorama towards the Orbey valley and the Munster valley (Soultzeren-Stosswihr) is remarkable. The Black Forest, the Jura, and the Alps are also visible in clear weather.

Col du Bonhomme
The Col du Bonhomme (French pronunciation: [kɔl dy bɔ.nɔm]) (elevation 949 m (3,114 ft)) is a mountain pass in the Vosges Mountains of France. The pass connects Kaysersberg (Haut-Rhin) with Saint-Dié-des-Vosges (Vosges) (east–west) and is also crossed by the Route des Crêtes (north–south). The pass takes its name from the nearby village of Le Bonhomme, 6 km to the east.
Krystian Pilarczyk
Krystian Walenty Pilarczyk (born 14 February 1941) is a hydraulic engineer whose contributions to civil and hydraulic engineering include the development and improvement of the Izbash formula, along with the Pilarczyk formula for the stability of block revetments. He is the author and editor of a number of academic papers and textbooks on coastal, river, and hydraulic engineering subjects.

Between 1971 and 1978, Pilarczyk was involved in the design of the Delta Works, where he was coordinator of applied research, undertaking work on the closure of tidal basins and on the static and dynamic stability of armourstone and riprap used in coastal and river engineering applications. He has acted as an advisor on coastal engineering projects to the World Bank and Asian Development Bank, as well as lecturing at the IHE Delft Institute for Water Education and Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute.

River engineering
River engineering is a discipline of civil engineering which studies human intervention in the course, characteristics, or flow of a river with the intention of producing some defined benefit. People have intervened in the natural course and behaviour of rivers since before recorded history—to manage the water resources, to protect against flooding, or to make passage along or across rivers easier. Since the Yuan Dynasty and Ancient Roman times, rivers have been used as a source of hydropower.

From the late 20th century onward, the practice of river engineering has responded to environmental concerns broader than immediate human benefit. Some river engineering projects have focused exclusively on the restoration or protection of natural characteristics and habitats.
Society of Christian Philosophers
The Society of Christian Philosophers (SCP) was founded in 1978. The society is open to anyone interested in philosophy who considers himself or herself a Christian. Membership is not restricted to any particular "school" of philosophy or to any branch of Christianity, nor to professional or academic philosophers. Terence Cuneo of the University of Vermont is currently President of the SCP, Justin McBrayer of Fort Lewis College is Executive Director, and Kevin Timpe of Calvin University is Treasurer.

Meetings of the society are regularly held in conjunction with the American Catholic Philosophical Association, the Eastern, Central, and Pacific Divisions of the American Philosophical Association, and the Canadian Philosophical Association, and at the World Congress of Philosophy. The society also publishes a quarterly journal, Faith and Philosophy, which addresses philosophical issues from a Christian perspective.

Canadian Philosophical Association
The Canadian Philosophical Association (CPA; French: Association canadienne de philosophie [ACP]) was founded in 1958 as a bilingual non-profit organization to promote philosophical scholarship and education across Canada, and to represent the interests of the profession in public forums. It publishes a quarterly journal, Dialogue: Canadian Philosophical Review. All activities and publications are bilingual. As of 2021, the association numbers over 600 active members.

Past presidents of the society include Luc Langlois, David Braybrooke, Kai Nielsen, William Sweet, Ronald de Sousa, Adèle Mercier, Thomas De Koninck, Sandra Lapointe, Samantha Brennan, Daniel Weinstock, Dominic McIver Lopes and Christine Tappolet. The current president is Jennifer Nagel of the University of Toronto.

The administrative offices are located in Toronto.
Przyborowice, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Przyborowice [pʂɨbɔrɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bogoria, within Staszów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) north-west of Bogoria, 14 km (9 mi) north-east of Staszów, and 50 km (31 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce.

Staszów County
Staszów County (Polish: powiat staszowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Staszów, which lies 53 kilometres (33 mi) south-east of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Połaniec, lying 17 km (11 mi) south-east of Staszów, and Osiek, 21 km (13 mi) east of Staszów.

The county covers an area of 924.80 square kilometres (357.1 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is  67,331, out of which the population of Staszów is  14,762, that of Połaniec is  8,098, that of Osiek is  2,007, and the rural population is  42,464.