hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mahānipāta Jātaka
The Mahānipāta Jātaka, sometimes translated as the Ten Great Birth Stories of the Buddha, are a set of stories from the Jātaka tales (in the Khuddaka Nikāya) describing the ten final lives of the Bodisattva who would finally be born as Siddhartha Gautama and eventually become Gautama Buddha. These jātaka tales revolve around Benares, the current Varanasi in India. The final ten are the best known of the total 547 jātaka tales. In Myanmar,Cambodia and Thailand, they are known as ဇာတ်ကြီးဆယ်ဘွဲ့, ទសជាតក and ทศชาติชาดก, respectively (dasajāti jātaka or the tales of the 10 rebirths). These render the 10 virtues of mankind, that the enlightenment would reveal. These respective virtues are: renunciation, vigour, benevolence, absolute determination, insight, morality, patience, equanimity, reality and generosity.

Nekkhamma
Nekkhamma (𑀦𑁂𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀫𑁆𑀫; Sanskrit: नैष्क्राम्य, romanized: naiṣkrāmya) is a Pāli word generally translated as "renunciation" or "the pleasure of renunciation" while also conveying more specifically "giving up the world and leading a holy life" or "freedom from lust, craving and desires."  In Buddhism's Noble Eightfold Path, nekkhamma is the first practice associated with "Right Intention."  In the Theravada list of ten perfections, nekkhamma is the third practice of "perfection." It involves non-attachment (detachment).
Gaisser–Hillas function
The Gaisser–Hillas function is used in astroparticle physics. It parameterizes the longitudinal particle density in a cosmic ray air shower. The function was proposed in 1977 by Thomas K. Gaisser and Anthony Michael Hillas.

The number of particles  as a function of traversed atmospheric depth  is expressed as

where  is maximum number of particles observed at depth , and  and  are primary mass and energy dependent parameters.

Using substitutions

,              and

the function can be written in an alternative one-parametric (m) form as

Astroparticle physics
Astroparticle physics, also called particle astrophysics, is a branch of particle physics that studies elementary particles of astrophysical origin and their relation to astrophysics and cosmology. It is a relatively new field of research emerging at the intersection of particle physics, astronomy, astrophysics, detector physics, relativity, solid state physics, and cosmology. Partly motivated by the discovery of neutrino oscillation, the field has undergone rapid development, both theoretically and experimentally, since the early 2000s.
Nuuk Posse
Nuuk Posse is a hip hop group from Greenland.  The group, whose members are Inuit, formed in 1985 under a different name, finally taking the name Nuuk Posse in 1991.  Nuuk Posse is multilingual, rapping in Kalaallisut, English, and Danish.

The group's members include Andreas Hojgaard (human beatbox), Lars Sørensen (rap), Peter Motzfeldt (rap, music), Henrik Pedersen (rap), Thomas Hansen (rap), and John Olsen (rap, lyrics).  They released their first single, "Sussa Appinnagu" in 1992. Their first album, NP, was released in 1995. In 1996 they released their album Kaataq through the Belgian label Sub Rosa.

Nuuk Posse has toured in various countries, including Sweden, Germany, Spain, Belgium, and Canada, but never in Denmark.
The group were awarded the cultural prize of Greenland in 1995, and they were nominated as "Messengers of Truth" by the United Nations in 2004.

Beatboxing
Beatboxing (also, and sometimes, called beat boxing) is a form of vocal percussion primarily involving the art of mimicking drum machines (usually a TR-808), using one's mouth, lips, tongue, throat, and voice. It may also involve vocal imitation of turntablism, and other musical instruments. Beatboxing today is connected with hip-hop culture, often referred to as "the fifth element" of hip-hop, although it is not limited to hip-hop music. The term "beatboxing" is sometimes used to refer to vocal percussion in general.
La Voulte-sur-Rhône (lagerstätte)
The late Middle Jurassic lagerstätte at La Voulte-sur-Rhône, in the Ardèche region of southwestern France, offers paleontologists an outstanding view of an undisturbed paleoecosystem that was preserved in fine detail as organisms died at the site and settled to the bottom of a shallow epicontinental sea, with a folded floor that in places exceeded 200 m at this site. The site preserves a marine system of the Lower Callovian stage, a little over 160 mya. The sequence is exposed in a series of quarries at La Boissine, west of the village of La Voulte-sur-Rhône. Iron pyrites in the silty shale are symptoms of an anoxic environment. The site was recognized among French paleontologists from the mid-nineteenth century for its finely detailed fossils.

Inland sea
An inland sea (also known as an epeiric sea or an epicontinental sea) is a continental body of water which is very large in area and is either completely surrounded by dry land (landlocked), or connected to an ocean by a river, strait or "arm of the sea". An inland sea will generally be brackish, with higher salinity than a freshwater lake but usually lower salinity than seawater. As with other seas, inland seas experience tides governed by the orbits of the Moon and Sun.
2011 Whites Drug Store Classic
The 2011 Whites Drug Store Classic was held from November 11 to 14 at the Swan River Curling Club in Swan River, Manitoba as part of the 2011–12 World Curling Tour. The purse for the event was CAD$44,000, with the event held in a triple knockout format. The winning team was David Bohn's squad from Winnipeg, with Reid Carruthers filling in as skip.

Reid Carruthers
Reid Carruthers (born December 30, 1984) is a retired Canadian curler from Winnipeg, Manitoba. Carruthers was the 2011 world champion—winning gold as a second on Jeff Stoughton's team—as well as an eight-time provincial champion, the 2003 junior provincial champion, and the 2008 Manitoba provincial mixed champion. He coaches the Kerri Einarson women's team.
Food and Health Bureau
The Food and Health Bureau (FHB) was a policy bureau of the Government of Hong Kong from 2007 to 2022 that managed food hygiene, environmental hygiene and health policies in Hong Kong. It was led by the Secretary for Food and Health (SFH) during its existence.

Established in 2007 as one of the superseding agencies of the former Health, Welfare and Food Bureau, the FHB became defunct as of 1 July 2022, its responsibilities being split among the Environment and Ecology Bureau and the Health Bureau.

Food and Environmental Hygiene Department
The Food and Environmental Hygiene Department (FEHD) is a department of the Hong Kong Government, reporting to the Environment and Ecology Bureau. It is responsible for food hygiene and environmental hygiene. It replaced part of the role of the Urban Council and the Urban Services Department, and the Regional Council and the Regional Services Department.
Itatín
Itatín (Portuguese: Itatim) was a 17th century region, corresponding to the western half of the 21st century Brazilian state of Mato Grosso do Sul. The indigenous people (Indians or Indios) inhabiting the region gave their name to Itatín. The Itatínes were related to the Guaraní who lived to their south in Paraguay.  In 1631, the Jesuit Order of the Roman Catholic church began founding missions in Itatín but the missions failed in 1648 because of slave raids by the Bandeirantes of Brazil and revolts against the Jesuits. Considered part of colonial Paraguay, Itatín was ceded to Brazil in 1750 by the Treaty of Madrid. The name has fallen out of use.

Treaty of Madrid (13 January 1750)
The Treaty of Madrid (also known as the Treaty of Limits of the Conquests) was an agreement concluded between Spain and Portugal on 13 January 1750. In an effort to end decades of conflict in the region of present-day Uruguay, the treaty established detailed territorial boundaries between Portuguese Brazil and the Spanish colonial territories to the south and west. Portugal also recognized Spain's claim to the Philippines while Spain acceded to the westward expansion of Brazil. The treaty included a mutual guarantee of support in case either state's American colonies were attacked by a third power.

Most notably, Spain and Portugal expressly abandoned the papal bull, Inter caetera, and the treaties of Tordesillas and Zaragoza as the legal basis for colonial division.
Daube
Daube (French pronunciation: [dob] ⓘ, Occitan: adòba or adobo) is a French slow-cooked stew, usually of beef, but other meat is sometimes used. The best-known is the bœuf en daube à la provençale, a Provençal stew made with cheaper cuts of beef braised in wine, with vegetables, garlic and herbs, and traditionally cooked in a daubière–a braising pot.

Prosper Montagné
Prosper Montagné (pronounced [pʁɔspɛʁ mɔ̃taɲe]; born Paul Marius Octave Prosper on 14 November 1865 – 22 April 1948), was a French chef of the Belle Époque and a culinary writer. He wrote books and articles on food, cooking, and gastronomy, including Larousse Gastronomique (1938), an encyclopedic dictionary about French culinary arts.

Montagné was one of the most influential French chefs of the early twentieth century. In the 1920s, he, his friend Auguste Escoffier, and Philéas Gilbert (their close friend and collaborator, and an acclaimed chef and writer), were the French chefs and culinary writers esteemed above others by many French journalists and writers. After Montagné's death, the chef and author Alfred Guérot's description of the troika as the "celebrated contemporary culinary trinity: Auguste Escoffier, the father; Philéas Gilbert, the son; Prosper Montagné, the spirit" reflects the reverence in which all three were held by the French culinary community.
Alsancak Gar (Tram İzmir)
Alsancak Gar is a light-rail station on the Konak Tram of the Tram İzmir system in İzmir, Turkey. It is located along Liman Avenue, next to Alsancak station. Transfer to İZBAN commuter rail service is available at Alsancak station.

Alsancak Gar station opened on 24 March 2018.

İZBAN
İZBAN, previously known as Egeray, is a commuter rail system serving İzmir and its metropolitan area. Averaging a daily ridership of 185,000 passengers, it is the busiest commuter rail system in Turkey, slightly ahead of the Marmaray commuter line in Istanbul. İZBAN is a portmanteau of the words "İzmir" and "Banliyö" (suburb in Turkish).

Established in 2007 and began operations in 2010, İZBAN was formed to revive old commuter rail in İzmir. As of 2024, İZBAN operates a 136 km (85 mi) long system, with 41 stations.

İZBAN A.Ş., founded in 2006, operates the railway and is owned 50% by the Turkish State Railways and 50% by the İzmir Metropolitan Municipality. İZBAN is a part of the municipality's transportation master plan.
Ronnie Bassett Jr.
Ronald W. Bassett Jr. (born December 21, 1995) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He currently competes full-time in the zMAX CARS Tour, driving the No. 04 for his own team, Bassett Racing. He last competed part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 77 Chevrolet Camaro for his team, Bassett Racing. He and his family team also previously competed part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, as well as full-time in what is now the ARCA Menards Series East. He is the brother of Dillon Bassett, who also drives for and co-owns Bassett Racing.

CARS Tour
The CARS Racing Tour sanctions a pair of late model stock car racing series in the United States: the zMAX CARS Tour (formerly known as the USAR Pro Cup Series and CARS Pro Cup Series) and the SPEARS CARS Tour West.  They are sanctioned by the Championship Auto Racing Series and sponsored by zMAX and SPEARS Manufacturing. The series competes on paved short tracks in Arizona, California, Colorado, Georgia, Nevada, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia.
Ugh! (video game)
Ugh! is an arcade/flight game developed by Egosoft and published in 1992 by Play Byte for the Amiga, Commodore 64, and MS-DOS. It is a clone of the 1984 Commodore 64 game Space Taxi.

Ugh! was later distributed as shareware mainly via Bulletin Board Systems and magazine cover disks.

Ubisoft Blue Byte
Ubisoft Blue Byte GmbH (Blue Byte until 2017) is a German video game holding company owned by Ubisoft. It was founded in October 1988 by Thomas Hertzler and Lothar Schmitt as a developer and is best known for developing the Anno and The Settlers series. The studio was acquired by Ubisoft in 2001. Related Designs was merged into Blue Byte in 2013, and a third studio in Berlin was established in 2018. Since 2019, Ubisoft Blue Byte acts as the parent company of Ubisoft's three German studios, which became branded as Ubisoft Düsseldorf, Ubisoft Mainz and Ubisoft Berlin. The three studios comprise 695 employees as of August 2024.
Olt Defile
The Olt Defile (Romanian: Defileul Oltului) is a defile that has been cut into the Transyvanian Alps in south-central Romania by the river Olt. In the Brezoi–Titești Depression portion of the defile there are located hot spring resorts. In the surrounding mountains grow walnut and oak trees, wild roses, and white ivy.  Transportation is provided by highways and railways between Râmnicu Vâlcea and Sibiu.

Romanian Carpathians
The Romanian Carpathians (Romanian: Carpații românești) are a section of the Carpathian Mountains, within the borders of modern Romania. The Carpathians are a "subsystem" of the Alps-Himalaya System and are further divided into "provinces" and "subprovinces".

This is an overview of the geological subdivisions of the Romanian section of the Carpathian Mountains. The broadest divisions are shown in the map on the right. The last level of the division, i.e. the actual mountain ranges and basins, is usually called "units". The lowest-level detail for those units is maintained on separate pages.
Wenner
Wenner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Axel Wenner-Gren (1881–1961), Swedish industrial magnate

Charles F. Wenner (died 1882), American politician from Maryland

Christopher Wenner (1954–2021), British journalist

François Wenner (1889–1964), Lusambo provincial governor, Belgian Congo (1940–1944)

Jann Wenner (born 1946), creator of Rolling Stone magazine

Kurt Wenner, street artist

Max Wenner (1887–1937), known for mysterious death

Rosemarie Wenner (born 1955), Methodist bishop in Germany

Violet B. Wenner (1884–1970), portrait painter

Christopher Wenner
Max Christopher Wenner, known as Christopher Wenner and later as Max Stahl (6 December 1954 – 28 October 2021), was a British journalist and television presenter. He was best known for filming an East Timorese demonstration and its aftermath that became known as the Santa Cruz massacre. His coverage of East Timor's struggle for independence is listed in UNESCO's Memory of the World international register as a "turning point" in the birth of a new nation.
CHK (TV channel)
CHK HD (stylized as cHK HD) is a Southeast Asian pay television channel owned by Celestial Tiger Entertainment and billed as a Hong Kong general entertainment hub featuring movies, lifestyle programs and dramas for all Singtel TV customers in Singapore. The high-definition channel was launched on 18 October 2013 with Hong Kong celebrities Bernice Liu, Him Law and Liu Kai Chi.

The channel was continued to be operated as Video on Demand channel, awhile CHK live channel has been replaced by its sister channel Celestial Movies as CM+, which served as alternative to Star Chinese Movies.

Singtel TV
Singtel TV (formerly known as Singtel IPTV and mio TV) is a pay television service provided by Singtel in Singapore. It is transmitted through Singtel's broadband network via an IPTV platform, which uses Ericsson Mediaroom (originally developed by Microsoft) as its end-to-end software platform. The service allows multimedia content – including linear channels and on-demand content – to be viewed on any television set. The IPTV service utilises IP set-top boxes (STBs), connected through Singtel's optical fibre broadband service. The Singtel TV IPTV network currently has more than 425,000 subscribers. Singtel TV serves as Singtel's integrated gateway for home users, delivering multiple IP-based communication services.
Xylota ejuncida
Xylota ejuncida , (Say, 1824), the  Polished Leafwalker , is a rare species of syrphid fly observed in the eastern North America . Syrphid flies are also known as Hover Flies or Flower Flies because the adults are frequently found hovering around flowers from which they feed on nectar and pollen. Adults are 9.6–10.9 mm (0.38–0.43 in) long.  The larvae of this genus live under bark in sap runs.

Nectar
Nectar is a viscous, sugar-rich liquid produced by plants in glands called nectaries, either within the flowers with which it attracts pollinating animals, or by extrafloral nectaries, which provide a nutrient source to animal mutualists, which in turn provide herbivore protection. Common nectar-consuming pollinators include mosquitoes, hoverflies, wasps, bees, butterflies and moths, hummingbirds, honeyeaters and bats. 
Nectar is an economically important substance as it is the sugar source for honey.

Nectar is also useful in agriculture and horticulture because the adult stages of some predatory insects feed on nectar. For example, a number of predacious or parasitoid wasps (e.g., the social wasp species Apoica flavissima) rely on nectar as a primary food source. In turn, these wasps then hunt agricultural pest insects as food for their young.

Nectar is most often associated with flowering plants (angiosperms), but it is also produced by other groups, including ferns.
Julia Wetzel
Julia Wetzel began her National Security Agency (NSA) career as a Special Research Analyst in the Operations unit. In the late 1970s, Wetzel worked with the House Select Committee on Intelligence. In 1989 she was assigned as the NSA's representative to the US State Department. Wetzel retired from the NSA in 1999 as the Executive Director, the third highest-ranking person in the agency.

Julia is listed as one of the Women in American Cryptology Honorees.

As the Soviet Union’s Communist regime collapsed, Wetzel was chief of a major operational analysis group. She saw the division through the critical time of the agency's restructuring to align with new threats.

United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
The United States House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence (HPSCI), also known as the House Intelligence Committee, is a committee of the United States House of Representatives, currently chaired by Rick Crawford. It is the primary committee in the U.S. House of Representatives charged with the oversight of the United States Intelligence Community, though it does share some jurisdiction with other committees in the House, including the Armed Services Committee for some matters dealing with the Department of Defense and the various branches of the U.S. military.

The committee was preceded by the Select Committee on Intelligence between 1975 and 1977. House Resolution 658 established the permanent select committee, which gave it status equal to a standing committee on July 14, 1977.
Český slavík
Český slavík (English: Czech Nightingale) is an award meant to recognize outstanding achievement and annual popularity in the Czech music industry. It was established in 1996 as the successor to the Zlatý slavík awards, which were established in 1962 in Czechoslovakia by the magazine Mladý svět and continued until 1991.

From 1999 to 2017, the award was sponsored by the mineral water bottling company Mattoni and hence officially known as Český slavík Mattoni.

In 2018, the award was cancelled due to vote manipulation in favor of the controversial group Ortel the previous year. In 2021, the event was revived with the support of entrepreneur Karel Janeček. A year later, the award came under the ownership of TV Nova.

Český slavík prizes are awarded in the categories Absolute Nightingale, Female Singer, Male Singer, Group, Hip Hop, Discovery of the Year, and Hall of Fame. Former categories include Slovak Artist, Biggest Gainer, and Internet Star.

Mineral water
Mineral water is water from a mineral spring that contains various minerals, such as salts and sulfur compounds. It is usually still, but may be sparkling (carbonated/effervescent).

Traditionally, mineral waters were used or consumed at their spring sources, often referred to as "taking the waters" or "taking the cure", at places such as spas, baths and wells.

Today, it is far more common for mineral water to be bottled at the source for distributed consumption. Travelling to the mineral water site for direct access to the water is now uncommon, and in many cases not possible because of exclusive commercial ownership rights. More than 4,000 brands of mineral water are commercially available worldwide.

In many places the term "mineral water" is colloquially used to mean any bottled carbonated water or soda water, as opposed to tap water.
2012 Campeonato Paulista
The 2012 Campeonato Paulista de Futebol Profissional da Primeira Divisão - Série A1 (officially the Paulistão Chevrolet 2012 for sponsorship reasons) was the 111th season of São Paulo's top professional football league.

The finals were played between Santos and Guarani. Santos won 7–2 on aggregate. It was the third consecutive year that they won. This had happened for the first time since 1968, when Santos won three years in a row for the last time (1966/1967/1968).

Sports league
A sports league is a group of individual athletes, sports teams or clubs who form a league to compete against each other and gain points in a specific sport. At its simplest, it may be a local group of amateur athletes who form teams among themselves and compete periodically, at its most complex, it can be an international professional league making large amounts of money and involving dozens of teams and thousands of players.
Randall Lavender
Randall Lavender (born 1956), is an American visual artist, writer, educator, and arts administrator. He has exhibited nationally and internationally, and has worked in Los Angeles since the early 1980s. He was the interim president of Otis College of Art and Design, from 2019 to 2020, after holding academic leadership positions there for 15 years. His paintings and sculptures are included in numerous public and private collections.

Oceanside Museum of Art
Oceanside Museum of Art is a fine arts museum in Oceanside, California. It began holding exhibits in 1995, with a dedicated facility opening on October 6, 1997. The museum is housed in two buildings designed by Irving Gill and Frederick Fisher, modernist architects from Southern California.

The museum houses art focused on works by contemporary artists of Southern California. Works exhibited include paintings, sculptures, furniture, art quilts and fiber designs, and glass. The museum also hosts or sponsors classes, lectures, tours, concerts, films, events, and chartered travel to other cultural art exhibits.

The 20,020 square foot facility includes 9,128 square feet of gallery space. It typically features over a dozen modern and contemporary art exhibitions each year, including exhibits at other community locations. The museum attracts 25,000 visitors each year, including 4,000 students who participate in programs.
Kosygin's Fifth Government
The former government of Alexei Kosygin was dissolved following the Soviet legislative election of 1979. Kosygin was once again elected Premier by the Politburo and the Central Committee following the election. His fourth government lasted a little over one year due to bad health which led him to resign.

1979 Soviet Union legislative election
Supreme Soviet election were held in the Soviet Union on 4 March 1979. They were the first elections held under the 1977 Soviet constitution, which slightly reformed the composition of the Supreme Soviet.