hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Billy Chan
Billy Chan (born December 25, 1960) is a medical simulation specialist and educator who serves as an ambassador for the Global Fair Pay Charter. Chan is also the Director of the Centre for Medical Education in Simulation at the Faculty of Medicine of Macau University of Science and Technology.

Medical simulation
Medical simulation, or more broadly, healthcare simulation, is a branch of simulation related to education and training in medical fields of various industries. Simulations can be held in the classroom, in situational environments, or in spaces built specifically for simulation practice. It can involve simulated human patients (whether artificial, human or a combination of the two), educational documents with detailed simulated animations, casualty assessment in homeland security and military situations, emergency response, and support for virtual health functions with holographic simulation. In the past, its main purpose was to train medical professionals to reduce errors during surgery, prescription, crisis interventions, and general practice. Combined with methods in debriefing, it is now also used to train students in anatomy, physiology, and communication during their schooling.
37th Directors Guild of America Awards
The 37th Directors Guild of America Awards, honoring the outstanding directorial achievements in film and television in 1984, were presented on March 9, 1985 at the Beverly Hilton and the Plaza Hotel. The feature film nominees were announced on February 1, 1985, nominees in seven television categories were announced on February 5, 1985, and the commercial nominees were announced on February 12, 1985.

Television director
A television director is in charge of the activities involved in making a television program or section of a program. They are generally responsible for decisions about the editorial content and creative style of a program, and ensuring the producer's vision is delivered. Their duties may include selecting cast members, conduct rehearsals, work with set designers, location scouts and art directors, originating program ideas, finding contributors, writing scripts, planning 'shoots', ensuring safety, leading the crew on location, directing contributors and presenters, and working with editors and music supervisors to assemble and make sure the final product meets the producer and director's vision. The work of a television director can vary widely depending on the nature of the program, the practices of the production company, whether the program content is factual or drama, and whether it is live or recorded.
Ritual purification
Ritual purification is a ritual prescribed by a religion through which a person is considered to be freed of uncleanliness, especially prior to the worship of a deity, and ritual purity is a state of ritual cleanliness. Ritual purification may also apply to objects and places. Ritual uncleanliness is not identical with ordinary physical impurity, such as dirt stains; nevertheless, body fluids are generally considered ritually unclean.

Most of these rituals existed long before the germ theory of disease, and figure prominently from the earliest known religious systems of the Ancient Near East. Some writers connect the rituals to taboos.

Some have described a 'dimension of purity' that is universal in religions that seeks to move humans away from disgust (at one extreme), to uplift them towards purity and divinity (at the other extreme), away from uncleanliness to purity, and away from deviant to moral behavior (within one's cultural context).

Anal hygiene
Anal hygiene refers to practices (anal cleansing) that are performed on the anus to maintain personal hygiene, usually immediately or shortly after defecation. Anal cleansing may also occur while showering or bathing. Post-defecation cleansing is rarely discussed academically, partly due to the social taboo surrounding it. The scientific objective of post-defecation cleansing is to prevent exposure to pathogens.

The process of post-defecation cleansing often involves washing the anus and inner part of the buttocks with water. Water-based cleansing typically involves either the use of running water from a handheld vessel and a hand for washing or the use of pressurized water through a jet device, such as a bidet. In either method, subsequent hand sanitization is essential to achieve the ultimate objectives of post-defecation cleansing. However, many people throughout history have instead wiped or scrubbed the area, most commonly in modern history with toilet paper.
Burl (given name)
Burl is the given name of:

Burl Barer (born 1947), American author and literary historian best known for his work on the character of Simon Templar, aka "the Saint"

Burl Cain, warden of Louisiana State Penitentiary (also known as Angola)

Burl Jaybird Coleman (1896–1950), American country blues harmonica player, guitarist and singer

Burl Ives (1909–1995), American actor, folk music singer and writer

Burl Osborne (c. 1937 – 2012), American reporter and publisher

Burl Plunkett (1933–2008), former women's basketball coach at the University of Oklahoma

Burl S. Watson (1893–1975), American businessman

Burl Cain
Nathan Burl Cain (born July 2, 1942) is an American corrections officer and prison warden who currently serves as the commissioner of the Mississippi Department of Corrections and the former warden at the Louisiana State Penitentiary at Angola in West Feliciana Parish, north of Baton Rouge, Louisiana. He worked there for twenty-one years, from January 1995 until his resignation in 2016.
Singaporean response to 2005 Kashmir earthquake
In the aftermath of the 2005 Kashmir earthquake on 8 October in the Pakistan-administered region of Kashmir, several rescue and relief operations have been organised in Singapore to assist victims of the disaster.

Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong wrote letters of condolence to both Pakistani President Pervez Musharraf.
In his letter to Musharraf, Lee said he was deeply saddened to hear of the earthquake in South Asia, which has caused devastation and heavy loss of life in Pakistan.

In his letter to Dr. Manmohan Singh, Lee said he was deeply saddened by the loss of life in Kashmir as a result of the earthquake. He said: "On behalf of the Government and people of Singapore, I would like to convey our condolences and deepest sympathies to you and to the families of the victims." He added that India demonstrated resilience and resolve in the wake of the 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake, and he was confident that it would once again respond decisively to this challenge.

Prime Minister of Singapore
The prime minister of Singapore is the head of government of Singapore. The president appoints the prime minister on the advice and consent of the Cabinet of Singapore. The incumbent prime minister is Lawrence Wong, an MP for Marsiling–Yew Tee Group Representation Constituency from the governing People's Action Party, who took office on 15 May 2024.

Singapore is modelled after the Westminster system. The prime minister only governs with the confidence of the majority in Parliament; as such, the prime minister typically sits as a member of Parliament (MP) and leads the largest party or a coalition of parties. In practice, the prime minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.
Yao Mawuko Sènaya
Yao Mawuko Sènaya (born 18 October 1979 in Lomé) is a Togolese former professional footballer who played as a midfielder. He made 20 appearances for the Togo national team between 1998 and 2008.

He was released by FC La Chaux-de-Fonds in summer 2008.

FC La Chaux-de-Fonds
FC La Chaux-de-Fonds is a Swiss football club based in La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland. The club currently play in 1. Liga Classic, the fourth tier of Swiss football. It was founded on 4 July 1894 and used to play at the Stade Charrière.
2,5-DDM-DOM
2,5-DDM-DOM, also known as 2-O-,5-O-didesmethyl-DOM or as 2,5-dihydroxy-4-methylamphetamine, is a neurotoxin of the phenethylamine and amphetamine families related to the DOx psychedelic DOM (2,5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine; STP). It is a metabolite of DOM formed by O-desmethylation, with 2-DM-DOM and 5-DM-DOM serving as metabolic intermediates. DOM might produce neurotoxicity via metabolism into 2,5-DDM-DOM followed by subsequent transformation.

Substituted phenethylamine
Substituted phenethylamines (or simply phenethylamines) are a chemical class of organic compounds that are based upon the phenethylamine structure; the class is composed of all the derivative compounds of phenethylamine which can be formed by replacing, or substituting, one or more hydrogen atoms in the phenethylamine core structure with substituents. Phenylethylamines are also generally found to be central nervous system stimulants with many also being entactogens/empathogens, and hallucinogens.
Alex Alves (footballer, born 1974)
Alexandro Alves do Nascimento (30 December 1974 – 14 November 2012) was a Brazilian professional footballer who played as a striker. He played in Brazil for Vitória, Palmeiras, Juventude (RS), Portuguesa (SP), Cruzeiro, Atlético Mineiro, Vasco da Gama, Boavista (RJ), Fortaleza, Chinese side Shenyang Ginde, in Germany for Hertha BSC, and in Greece for Kavala.

Kavala F.C.
Kavala Football Club (Greek: Αθλητικός Όμιλος Καβάλα, lit. 'Athletic Club Kavala') is a Greek professional football club based in the city of Kavala, Greece. They compete in the Super League Greece 2, the second tier of the Greek football league system. The club's home ground is the Anthi Karagianni Stadium.
Fencing at the 2021 Islamic Solidarity Games
Fencing at the 2021 Islamic Solidarity Games was held in Konya, Turkey from 14 to 17 August 2022 in Selcuk University 19 Mayıs Sport Hall.

The Games were originally scheduled to take place from 20 to 29 August 2021 in Konya, Turkey. In May 2020, the Islamic Solidarity Sports Federation (ISSF), who are responsible for the direction and control of the Islamic Solidarity Games, postponed the games as the 2020 Summer Olympics were postponed to July and August 2021, due to the global COVID-19 pandemic.

2021 Islamic Solidarity Games
‌The 2021 Islamic Solidarity Games (Turkish: 2021 İslami Dayanışma Oyunları) were the 5th edition of the event held from 9 to 18 August 2022 at Konya, Turkey under the aegis of Islamic Solidarity Sports Federation (ISSF). It was the first time in history that the event was organised by the Turkish Olympic Committee.

Formerly scheduled to take place from 20 to 29 August 2021, the event was postponed to be held from 10 to 19 September 2021 in July 2020 by the ISSF because the original dates were coinciding with the 2020 Summer Olympics, which were postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic. In May 2021, the ISSF postponed the event to August 2022 citing the COVID-19 pandemic situation in the participating countries.
Lee R. Hartell
Lee Ross Hartell (August 23, 1923 – August 27, 1951) was a soldier in the United States Army during the Korean War who was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor for his actions on August 27, 1951, during the Battle of Bloody Ridge. He joined the army from Danbury, Connecticut, in 1949.

By August 26, 1951, Hartell was on the ground as a forward observer with B Company, 9th Infantry Regiment at the base of Hill 700 near Kobanson-ni. Hill 700 was attacked and taken by B Company that day. But the Chinese mounted a major counterattack at 04:00. Hartell walked the artillery fire right up the hill on top of the charging enemy. Although wounded, he kept calling in artillery fire onto his hilltop. Finally at 06:30 hours, Hartell was hit in the chest by a bullet and died.

Battle of Bloody Ridge
38°15′18″N 128°02′16.8″E﻿ / ﻿38.25500°N 128.038000°E﻿ / 38.25500; 128.038000

The Battle of Bloody Ridge was a ground combat battle that took place during the Korean War from 18 August to 5 September 1951.

By the summer of 1951, the Korean War had reached a stalemate as peace negotiations began at Kaesong. The opposing armies faced each other across a line which ran from east to west, through the middle of the Korean peninsula, located in hills a few miles north of the 38th Parallel in the central Korean mountain range. United Nations and the North Korean Korean People's Army (KPA) and Chinese People's Volunteer Army (PVA) forces jockeyed for position along this line, clashing in several relatively small but intense and bloody battles. Bloody Ridge began as an attempt by UN forces to seize a ridge of hills which they believed were being used as observation posts to call in artillery fire on a UN supply road.
Hold Back the Night (novel)
Hold Back the Night is a 1951 Korean War novel by Pat Frank. It chronicles the struggles of an American Marine Corps company during the retreat following the Battle of Chosin Reservoir. The plot centres on an unopened bottle of scotch owned by the commander of Dog Company as a lure to inspire his struggling company. Kirkus Reviews characterized the story as "A war story out of Korea which stays out of the bitter, grim school with its underlying warmth and belief in human goodness." It said that the story is a good mixture of sentimentality and "hard-boiledness". In 1956, the book was adapted as a movie starring John Payne and Chuck Connors.

Chuck Connors
Kevin Joseph "Chuck" Connors (April 10, 1921 – November 10, 1992) was an American actor and professional basketball and baseball player. He is one of only 13 athletes in the history of American professional sports to have played in both the National Basketball Association (Boston Celtics 1946–1948) and Major League Baseball (Brooklyn Dodgers 1949, Chicago Cubs, 1951). With a 40-year film and television career, he is best known for his role as Lucas McCain on the ABC series The Rifleman (1958–1963).
Domenick DiCicco
Domenick DiCicco Jr. (January 24, 1963 – January 19, 2024) was an American Republican Party politician who served in the New Jersey General Assembly from 2010 to 2012, where he represented the 4th Legislative District.

New Jersey legislative districts, 2011 apportionment
The members of the New Jersey Legislature are chosen from 40 electoral districts. Each district elects one senator and two assemblymen.

New Jersey is one of only seven states with nested state legislative districts, in which two or more state House are coextensive with a single state Senate seat. In New Jersey, each district elects one Senator and two Assembly members. (States that have similar practices are Arizona, Idaho, Maryland, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Washington.)

Districts are reapportioned decennially by the New Jersey Apportionment Commission following each United States census, as provided by Article IV, Section III of the state Constitution.

The most recent changes to the legislative districts were in effect in the primary elections held in June 2011 and the general elections of November 2011, following the 2010 United States census.
Grapholita molesta
Grapholita molesta, the oriental fruit moth or peach moth, is a moth of the family Tortricidae. It is native to China, but was introduced to Japan and North America and is now also found throughout of Europe, Asia  and South America and in  Hawaii, Morocco, Mauritius, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand

The wingspan is about 13 mm. There are four to seven generations per year.

The larvae feed on peach, apple, quince, pear, plum, cherry, apricot and nectarine.

Plum
A plum is a fruit of some species in Prunus subg. Prunus. Dried plums are usually called prunes.

Plums are likely to have been one of the first fruits domesticated by humans, with origins in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus Mountains and China. They were brought to Britain from Asia, and their cultivation has been documented in Andalusia, southern Spain. Plums are a diverse group of species, with trees reaching a height of 5–6 metres (16–20 ft) when pruned. The fruit is a drupe, with a firm and juicy flesh.  Plums can be eaten fresh, dried to make prunes, used in jams, or fermented into wine and distilled into brandy. Plum seeds (also called kernels) contain the cyanide-like poison, amygdalin, a cyanogenic glycoside.

In 2023, China produced 55% of the world total of plums. Japanese or Chinese plums dominate the fresh fruit market, while European plums are also common in some regions.
Power, root-power, and field quantities
A power quantity is a power or a quantity directly proportional to power, e.g., energy density, acoustic intensity, and luminous intensity.  Energy quantities may also be labelled as power quantities in this context.

A root-power quantity is a quantity such as voltage, current, sound pressure, electric field strength, speed, or charge density, the square of which, in linear systems, is proportional to power.  The term root-power quantity refers to the square root that relates these quantities to power. The term was introduced in ISO 80000-1 § Annex C; it replaces and deprecates the term field quantity.

Luminous intensity
In photometry, luminous intensity is a measure of the wavelength-weighted power emitted by a light source in a particular direction per unit solid angle, based on the luminosity function, a standardized model of the sensitivity of the human eye. The SI unit of luminous intensity is the candela (cd), an SI base unit.
Zakaria ibn Idris Ash'ari Qomi
Zakaria ibn Idris Ash'ari Qomi or Zakaria ibn Idris ibn Abd-Allah al-Ash'ari al-Qomi (Persian: زکریا بن ادریس اشعری قمی, Arabic: زکریا بن إدریس بن عبدالله الأشعري القمي),  known as Abu Jarir (Persian: ابو جریر), was a Shia Muhaddith (scholar of hadith) and one of the companions of Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad aṣ-Ṣādiq (the sixth Shiite leader), Musa ibn Ja'far al-Kadhim (the seventh Shiite leader), and Ali ibn Musa al-Ridha (the eighth Shiite leader). A group of Shiite elders have considered him one of the influential people in the growth of Islam. Shaykh Tusi, while counting about 3300 narrators and companions of Jaʿfar ibn Muḥammad aṣ-Ṣādiq, has mentioned Zakaria al-Ash'ari.

Ahmad ibn Ali al-Najashi
Abū al-ʿAbbās Aḥmad ibn ʿAlī ibn al-ʿAbbas ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbdullāh al-Najāshī al-Asadī (Arabic: أحمد بن علي بن أحمد بن العباس بن محمد بن عبد الله النجاشي الأسدي; c. 982–1058), often simply referred to as al-Najāshī, was a Twelver Shi'ite Muslim scholar mainly known for his work on the subject of biographical evaluation (ʿilm al-rijāl, Islamic science dealing with the reliability of hadith transmitters), called the Rijāl al-Najāshī. His family is descended from Abu Samal ibn Hubayra al-Asadi (d. 60 AH / 679 CE), a poet of the Ridda Wars who repented and fought in the Battle of al-Qadisiyyah in 636, during the Muslim conquest of Persia. His ancestor was Abdullah al-Najashi, the wāli of al-Ahwaz at the time of Abu Ja'far al-Mansur (754–775), who was an "adamant Rāfiḍi" according to Basran historian Abu al-Yakzan (d. 805). Abdullah is also known for his correspondence of inquiry with Ja'far al-Sadiq. His son, Muhammad ibn Abdullah, was also the governor of Istakhr in Iran.
Fred Robbins
Frederick D. Robbins (born March 25, 1977) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive tackle in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Wake Forest Demon Deacons and was selected by the Minnesota Vikings in the second round of the 2000 NFL draft.

Robbins also played for the New York Giants and St. Louis Rams.

Wake Forest Demon Deacons football
The Wake Forest Demon Deacons football team represents Wake Forest University in the sport of American football. The Demon Deacons compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Atlantic Division of the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). Wake Forest plays its home football games at Allegacy Federal Credit Union Stadium and is coached by Jake Dickert.

Wake Forest struggled in football for much of the second half of the 20th century. The university is the sixth-smallest school in FBS in terms of undergraduate enrollment (behind only Rice, Tulsa and the three FBS United States service academies). It is also the smallest school playing in a Power Five conference.  However, since the start of the 21st century, the Deacons have been mostly competitive, having made ten bowl games in the first two decades.
Dylan Berry
Dylan R. Berry (born October 30, 1974) Is an ARIA Award-nominated, Hollywood Music in Media Award and Mark Award-winning Music Producer, Creative Director, serial Entrepreneur and entertainment industry investor. Berry has managed, published and produced media music for television shows including the Academy Awards, American Idol, So You Think You Can Dance, Scream Queens and the MTV Music Awards. He has created branded music for over 20 major networks including Starz, Time Warner Sportsnet, Time Warner News Network, Root Sports Network, ESPN's SportsCenter and all 10 of the Encore Network stations, for which Berry won a Hollywood Music in Media Award. Berry is a 28-time Platinum record producer and has also composed and coordinated music for the Oscars, Spike Awards, Victoria's Secret Fashion Shows, among others.

Root Sports Northwest
Root Sports Northwest, sometimes branded simply as Root Sports, was an American regional sports network owned by the Seattle Mariners. The channel was launched on November 5, 1988 and was known as Northwest Cable Sports from 1988 to 1989, Prime Sports Northwest from 1989 to 1996, Fox Sports Northwest from 1996 to 1999, Fox Sports Net Northwest from 1999 to 2004, FSN Northwest from 2004 to 2008, and FS Northwest from 2008 to 2011. Headquartered near Seattle in the city of Bellevue, Washington, the channel used to broadcast regional coverage of sports events throughout the Pacific Northwest, with a focus on professional sports teams based in Seattle and Portland. It was available on cable providers throughout Washington, Oregon, Idaho, Montana, and Alaska and nationwide on satellite via DirecTV.
Cerquita De Mí
"Cerquita De Mí" (English: "A Little Close To Me") is the debut single by Peruvian singer Patrick Romantik. It was released by Sony Music as Romantik's first single as a main artist after being featured in the 2018 song Mi Suegra by Peruvian singer Maricarmen Marín. In November 2019 a remix version of the song was released featuring Peruvian singer Leslie Shaw.

Leslie Shaw
Leslie Ann Shaw Thays (born 27 February 1989) is a Peruvian singer, songwriter, actress, model and dancer. She is best known for representing Peru in the Viña del Mar International Song Festival and being the Runner-up on the first season of El Gran Show 2011.
Balasubramanian Viswanathan
Balasubramanian Viswanathan also known as BV, is a highly accomplished Indian material scientist, an emeritus professor at IIT Madras and husband of late Vijayalakshmi Viswanathan, the first woman financial commissioner of Indian Railways. He is well known in the field of catalysis and material science and has been instrumental in setting up and running the first National Centre for Catalysis Research at IIT Madras. He has authored  more than 30 books with top publishers including Springer Publishing, John Wiley & Sons, Elsevier, covering various aspects of material science, catalysis, nanotechnology, Energy, Fuel cells, CO2 reduction and has published more than 600 scientific journals. He is considered to be an authority on catalysis and material science in the scientific world and has an H-index of 61 resulting from more than 14,000 citations.

Springer Publishing
Springer Publishing Company is an American publishing company of academic journals and books, focusing on the fields of nursing, gerontology, psychology, social work, counseling, public health, and rehabilitation (neuropsychology). It was established in 1951 by Bernhard Springer, a great-grandson of Julius Springer, and is based in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.