hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shiga Museum of Art
Shiga Museum of Art (滋賀県立美術館, Shiga Kenritsu Bijutsukan) opened under the former name Museum of Modern Art, Shiga (滋賀県立近代美術館) in Ōtsu, Shiga Prefecture, Japan in 1984, changing its name to broaden its scope on 1 April 2021. As of 31 March 2024, the collection numbered some 2,589 works, including a Brâncuși Bird in Space, paintings by Rothko and Yukihiko Yasuda, and art brut.

Constantin Brâncuși
Constantin Brâncuși (Romanian: [konstanˈtin brɨŋˈkuʃʲ] ⓘ; February 19, 1876 – March 16, 1957) was a Romanian sculptor, painter, and photographer who made his career in France.  Considered one of the most influential sculptors of the 20th century and a pioneer of modernism, Brâncuși is called the patriarch of modern sculpture. As a child, he displayed an aptitude for carving wooden farm tools. Formal studies took him first to Bucharest, then to Munich, then to the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris from 1905 to 1907. His art emphasizes clean geometrical lines that balance forms inherent in his materials with the symbolic allusions of representational art. Brâncuși sought inspiration in non-European cultures as a source of primitive exoticism, as did Paul Gauguin, Pablo Picasso, André Derain, and others. However, other influences emerge from Romanian folk art traceable through Byzantine and Dionysian traditions.
Warrior (Scandal album)
Warrior is the debut and only full-length studio album by American rock band Scandal, credited on the cover as "Scandal featuring Patty Smyth". It was released on August 21, 1984, by Columbia Records.

The album peaked at No. 17 on the Billboard 200 chart, driven by the success of its lead single, "The Warrior", which became the band's biggest hit.

In 2014, the album was reissued in an expanded and remastered edition by Rock Candy Records. This edition included five bonus tracks from Scandal's 1982 self-titled debut EP, Scandal.

Scandal (American band)
Scandal is an American rock band formed in 1981 by Zack Smith and fronted by Patty Smyth. The band scored heavy rotation classics on MTV with "Goodbye to You" (1982) and "Love's Got a Line on You" (1983), setting the stage for their first full-length album on Columbia Records, that spawned an RIAA-certified platinum hit in both the United States and Canada, with the song "The Warrior", peaking at No. 7 in 1984. The song ended up in Billboard's Top 50 songs for that year.
Roscoe Pietersen
Roscoe Pietersen (born 27 January 1989) is a South African soccer player who most recently played as a defender for Chippa United in the Premier Soccer League. He has been capped once for South Africa.

He moved from Ajax Cape Town to Cape Umoya United in 2018.

He was released by Chippa United in 2024.

Cape Umoya United F.C.
Cape Umoya United Football Club was a South African football club based in Cape Town, South Africa. It was established in 2018 following the takeover of the defunct, former PSL team, Platinum Stars.

Platinum Stars was relegated from the 2017–2018 Premiership season, and Cape Umoya spent its three seasons in the National First Division.

The club ceased to exist after selling its franchise to Robinson Ramaite in June 2021, who moved it to Venda, forming Venda F.C.
Fred Humes
Fred Humes (June 15, 1896 – January 3, 1971) was an American actor best known for his work in Western films.

Humes was born and educated in Pittsburgh.

He appeared in the films Ride for Your Life, The Ridin' Kid from Powder River, The Hurricane Kid, The Saddle Hawk, Let 'er Buck, The Yellow Back, Prowlers of the Night, The Stolen Ranch, Blazing Days, One Glorious Scrap, Put 'Em Up, Circus Rookies, Battling with Buffalo Bill, Law and Order, Clancy of the Mounted, The Cactus Kid, Sunset Range, The Roaring West and The Day the Bookies Wept, among others.

Battling with Buffalo Bill
Battling with Buffalo Bill is a 1931 American pre-Code Western serial film directed by Ray Taylor and starring Tom Tyler, Lucile Browne, William Desmond, Rex Bell, and Francis Ford.

Based on the book The Great West That Was by William F. "Buffalo Bill" Cody, the film is about a cowboy named Buffalo Bill who goes up against a shady gambler who is attempting to scare off the townspeople so he can gain possession of a gold strike. When a nearby Indian tribe is provoked into attacking the town, the cavalry rides in to the rescue. Cody's book was also used as the inspiration for the studio's highly successful 1930 serial The Indians Are Coming.
Battling with Buffalo Bill was Universal Pictures's 78th serial, the 10th with sound and 4th with full sound, of the studio's total of 137 serials.
Volga Confederation
The Volga Confederation or Federation, sometimes the Ural-Volga Federation, refers to a series of movements aimed at forming a confederation or a federation of the Volga republics following the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

The potential founding republics included Tatarstan, Mari El, Mordovia, Bashkortostan, and Chuvashia.

Mordovia
Mordovia (/mɔːrˈdoʊvɪə/ mor-DOH-vee-ə), officially the Republic of Mordovia, is a republic of Russia, situated in Eastern Europe. Its capital is the city of Saransk. As of the 2010 Census, the population of the republic was 834,755. Ethnic Russians (53.1%) and Mordvins (39.8%) account for the majority of the population.
Domain masking
Domain masking or URL masking is the act of hiding the actual domain name of a website from the URL field of a user's web browser in favor of another name. There are many ways to do this, including the following examples.

HTML inline frame or frameset so a frame embedded in the main website actually points to some other site.

URL rewriting (e.g., mod_rewrite) or aliases to have the web server serve the same page for two different domain names.

Once the URL is masked it displays the URL mask rather than the original URL/domain name. Masking does not affect the content of the actual website; it only covers up the original URL/domain name. Domain masking prevents users from being able to see the actual domain website, whether it be due to length or privacy/security issues.

HTML element
An HTML element is a type of HTML (HyperText Markup Language) document component, one of several types of HTML nodes (some common node types include document, document fragment and attribute nodes). The first used version of HTML was written by Tim Berners-Lee in 1993 and there have since been many versions of HTML. The current de facto standard is governed by the industry group WHATWG and is known as the HTML Living Standard.

An HTML document is composed of a tree of simple HTML nodes, such as text nodes, and HTML elements, which add semantics and formatting to parts of a document (e.g., make text bold, organize it into paragraphs, lists and tables, or embed hyperlinks and images). Each element can have HTML attributes specified. Elements can also have content, including other elements and text.
Pajaritos, bravos muchachitos
Pajaritos, Bravos Muchachitos is the fourth album of the Argentinean musician Indio Solari among with his band "Los Fundamentalistas del Aire Acondicionado". The album includes the participation of "Semilla" Bucciarelli, Sergio Dawi and Walter Sidotti, old bandmates of Solari in Patricio Rey y sus Redonditos de Ricota, in the last song "La pajarita pechiblanca". Even though Solari had intended to work with them before, they had not shared a studio since the band separated in 2001.

Patricio Rey y sus Redonditos de Ricota
Patricio Rey y sus Redonditos de Ricota, also known simply as Patricio Rey, Los Redondos or Los Redonditos de Ricota, was a rock band formed in La Plata, Argentina. The group was active from the mid 70s up to the early 2000s. They are known for shaping Argentine rock and their enormous fan base.
Spent caustic
Spent caustic is a waste industrial caustic solution that has become exhausted and is no longer useful (or spent). Spent caustics are made of sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, water, and contaminants.  The contaminants have consumed the majority of the sodium (or potassium) hydroxide and thus the caustic liquor is spent, for example, in one common application H2S (gas) is scrubbed by the NaOH (aqueous) to form NaHS (aq) and H2O (l), thus consuming the caustic.

Wastewater
Wastewater (or waste water) is water generated after the use of drinking water, fresh water, raw water, or saline water in a variety of deliberate applications or processes.: 1  Another definition of wastewater is "Used water from any combination of domestic, industrial, commercial or agricultural activities, surface runoff / storm water, and any sewer infiltration or sewer inflow".: 175  In everyday usage, wastewater is commonly a synonym for sewage (also called domestic wastewater or municipal wastewater), which is wastewater that is produced by a community of people.
From Yellow to Orange
From Yellow to Orange Co., Ltd. is a Japanese music publisher and former video game developer. Originally founded in 1994 as Warp Inc. by musician and designer Kenji Eno, the company is best known for its interactive movies, such as D and Enemy Zero, which often featured music composed by Eno himself. Following the release of D2, the company briefly rebranded as Super Warp, before settling on its current name in 2001. Kenji Eno headed the company until his death in February 2013.

Interactive film
An interactive film is a video game or other interactive media that has characteristics of a cinematic film. In the video game industry, the term refers to a movie game, a video game that presents its gameplay in a cinematic, scripted manner, often through the use of full-motion video of either animated or live-action footage.

In the film industry, the term "interactive film" refers to interactive cinema, a film where one or more viewers can interact with the film and influence the events that unfold in the film.
Italian Competition Authority
The Italian Competition Authority (Italian: Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato, AGCM) is the competition regulator in Italy. It is an Italian quasi-autonomous non-governmental organization established on the basis of Law №287 of 10 October 1990.

As of 2004, the Italian Competition Authority has also been in charge of enforcing laws against conflicts of interest for Holders of Public Office.

As the Italian competition regulator, the Authority has the task of enforcing both Italian and European consumer protection laws.

It is financed by annual allocations through a special chapter of the Ministry of Economic Development's budget. The Financial Law of 2006 introduced partial self-financing: AGCM has full control over the management of these funds for its own operations.

An annual report is presented to the President of the Council of Ministers of Italy.

Market domination
Market dominance is the control of an economic market by a firm.  A dominant firm possesses the power to affect competition and influence market price. A firm's dominance is a measure of the power of a brand, product, service, or firm, relative to competitive offerings, whereby a dominant firm can behave independent of their competitors or consumers, and without concern for resource allocation. Dominant positioning is both a legal concept and an economic concept and the distinction between the two is important when determining whether a firm's market position is dominant.

Abuse of market dominance is an anti-competitive practice, however dominance itself is legal.
The Shadow of Your Smile
"The Shadow of Your Smile", also known as "Love Theme from The Sandpiper", is a popular song with music by Johnny Mandel and lyrics by Paul Francis Webster. The song was introduced in an instrumental version in the 1965 film The Sandpiper, with a trumpet solo by Jack Sheldon, and later became a minor hit for Tony Bennett in a version arranged and conducted by Mandel. It won the Grammy Award for Song of the Year and the Academy Award for Best Original Song. In 2004, the song finished at number 77 in AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs poll of the top tunes in American cinema.

1965 in film
The year 1965 in film involved several significant events, with The Sound of Music topping the U.S. box office and winning five Academy Awards.
Fox Film (now 20th Century-Fox), Universal City, California and Universal Studios Lot celebrated their 50th anniversaries.
Great Bridge of Hrazdan
The Great Bridge of Hrazdan (Armenian: Հրազդանի Մեծ կամուրջ), more commonly known as Kievian Bridge (Armenian: Կիևյան կամուրջ), is an arch bridge for traffic linking across the Hrazdan River in Yerevan, Armenia. It connects the Kievian street of Arabkir district with the Leningradian street of Ajapnyak District. It was designed by architect Grigor Aghababyan and constructed between 1949 and 1956.

The Karen Demirchyan Complex and the Tumanyan Park are located around the bridge.

Arch bridge
An arch bridge is a bridge with abutments at each end shaped as a curved arch. Arch bridges work by transferring the weight of the bridge and its loads partially into a horizontal thrust restrained by the abutments at either side, and partially into a vertical load on the arch supports. A viaduct (a long bridge) may be made from a series of arches, although other more economical structures are typically used today.
Dongtang station
Dongtang station (Chinese: 东塘站; pinyin: Dōngtáng Zhàn) is a subway station in Tianxin District, Changsha, Hunan, China, operated by the Changsha subway operator Changsha Metro. It entered revenue service on 28 June 2020.

Changsha Metro
The Changsha Metro (officially 长沙轨道交通; chángshā guǐdào jiāotōng; usually called 长沙地铁; chángshā dìtiě) is a rapid transit system in Changsha and Xiangtan. The first operational line, Line 2, commenced service on April 29, 2014, making Changsha the 18th city in mainland China to open a rapid transit system.
1980 Pennsylvania State Treasurer election
The Pennsylvania State Treasurer election was held on November 4, 1980. Democratic incumbent Robert E. Casey lost re-election to Republican candidate R. Budd Dwyer by a margin of 1.25%. Casey had won election to the office in 1976 due in large part to his similar name to Robert P. Casey. In 1980, Dwyer's supporters chanted, "Casey's not Casey" to remind voters his opponent was not Robert P. Casey. A reporting error in Lebanon County by the Associated Press led many to incorrectly believe Casey had defeated Dwyer until it was later corrected.

Bob Casey Sr.
Robert Patrick Casey (January 9, 1932 – May 30, 2000) was an American lawyer and politician from Pennsylvania who served as the 42nd Governor of Pennsylvania from 1987 to 1995. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania Senate for the 22nd district from 1963 to 1968 and as Auditor General of Pennsylvania from 1969 to 1977.

Casey was best known for leading the anti-abortion wing of the Democratic Party, spearheading the opposition against Planned Parenthood v. Casey, a landmark Supreme Court decision on abortion. He championed unions, believed in government as a beneficent force, and supported gun rights.

His son, Bob Casey Jr., also served as Auditor General of Pennsylvania and went on to serve as Pennsylvania Treasurer and as a U.S. Senator, from 2007 to 2025.
Grete Rikko
Grete Rikko (born Grete Rindskopf; April 13, 1908 – September 22, 1998) was a German-American artist associated first with the School of Paris and later with abstract expressionism in New York City. She primarily worked in gouache, oil paint, and collage, both on paper and canvas.

Carroll College
Carroll College is a private Catholic college in Helena, Montana, United States. The college has 21 buildings on a 63-acre campus, has over 35 academic majors, participates in 15 NAIA athletic sports, and is home to All Saints Chapel. The college motto, in Latin, is Non scholae, sed vitae. The college translates this into English as "Not for school, but for life." Carroll's colors are purple and gold and the school's athletics teams are known as the Fighting Saints.
Baranjars
Baranjars (Balanjars, Belenjers) were a confederacy of Turkic tribes who flourished in the early Middle Ages. They are first mentioned in Arab chronicles of the 7th century. They were supposedly settled in the northern Caucasus Mountains in the 370s CE, having come to Europe with the nomadic Huns. From the second half of the 6th century they were subjected to the Göktürk Khaganate. After the collapse of the Göktürk power in the 630s they formed a state centred on the town of Balanjar on the lower Terek and Sulak rivers in Daghestan and along the western shore of the Caspian Sea. Their independence was short-lived, however, and by the end of the 630s they were incorporated into the Bulgar Khaganate and later the Khazar Khanate. In the ninth and tenth centuries, some Baranjars resettled in Volga Bulgaria, to the environs of Bilär and later were absorbed into the Volga Bulgarian nation.

Göktürks
The Göktürks (Old Turkic: 𐱅𐰇𐰼𐰜:𐰉𐰆𐰑𐰣, romanized: Türük Bodun; Chinese: 突厥; pinyin: Tūjué; Wade–Giles: T'u-chüeh), also known as Türks, Celestial Turks or Blue Turks, were a Turkic people in medieval Inner Asia. The Göktürks, under the leadership of Bumin Qaghan (d. 552) and his sons, succeeded the Rouran Khaganate as the main power in the region and established the First Turkic Khaganate, one of several nomadic dynasties that would shape the future geolocation, culture, and dominant beliefs of Turkic peoples.
Ranger Red's Zoo & Conservation Park
Ranger Red's Zoo and Conservation Park, formerly Peel Zoo, is a zoo and wildlife sanctuary located on the banks of the Murray River in Pinjarra, Western Australia. It is a member of the Zoo and Aquarium Association.

It is home to over 100 native and exotic animal species, and specializes in being a "hands-on" zoo. Patrons can feed the animals by hand and interact with animals such as snakes, rufous bettong and ferrets. The park features other animals including koalas, wombats, dingoes, birds, reptiles, and kangaroos.

Zoo and Aquarium Association
The Zoo and Aquarium Association (ZAA) Australasia was established in 1991. Its vision is to create "Positive Outcomes for Wildlife and People."

The organisation operates throughout the Australasia region (Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea and the Pacific).
Saturnia pavoniella
Saturnia pavoniella is a moth of the family Saturniidae. It is found in the alpine regions of Austria, Italy (including Sicily) and the Czech Republic across south-eastern Europe to northern Turkey and the Caucasus. It is possibly also present in south-eastern France.

The wingspan is 45–70 mm (1.8–2.8 in) for males and 50–95 mm (2.0–3.7 in) for females. Adults are on wing from February to June. In northern Greece they are mainly found in May.

The larvae feed on a wide variety of plants. Recorded foodplants include Betula, Calluna, Carpinus, Crataegus,  Erica, Filipendula, Hippophae, Lythrum, Malus, Potentilla, Prunus spinosa, Pyrus, Quercus Rosa, Rubus, Salix, Spiraea and Vaccinium. In northern Greece the preferred hosts are Rubus ulmifolius and Pyrus amygdaliformis.

Vaccinium
Vaccinium (/vækˈsɪniəm/ vak-SIN-ee-əm) is a common and widespread genus of shrubs or dwarf shrubs in the heath family (Ericaceae). The fruits of many species are eaten by humans and some are of commercial importance, including the cranberry, blueberry, bilberry (whortleberry), lingonberry (cowberry), and huckleberry. Like many other heath plants, they are restricted to acidic soils.
Thana, Malakand
Thana is the biggest city of Malakand District. The name is derived from the Pashto word "Thanrha" which means "Place Of Courting", and was a main political center during the tribal period. The literacy Rate in the city is approximately 95% and the
poverty rate is approx 24%. The nominal GDP of the city Thana is approx $690 million. The area is 230 km (140 mi) and the elevation is 950 metres (3,120 ft). The average snowfall is 2.3 cm (0.91 in).

Thana
Thana means "station" or "place" in South Asian countries. The word thana originates from the Sanskrit word sthana or "sthanak", meaning "place" or "stand", which was anglicized as thana by the British.

Thanas of Bangladesh, former subdistricts in the administrative geography of Bangladesh; later renamed upazila

in (British) Indian history, a thana was a group of princely states deemed too small to perform all functions separately

Thane is a city named after the word sthana (station), and is located in the Konkan division, a province of India

Thana Bhawan (lit. 'station house'), also known simply as Thana, is a town in Uttar Pradesh, India
Loy Ehrlich
Loy Ehrlich (born 1950) is a French musician, composer and producer based in Paris.

A multi-instrumentalist, Ehrlich plays keyboards, Bass, Guembri, Gumbass and Kora.
He played with  major African artists such as Touré Kunda, Youssou N'Dour and Geoffrey Oryema. Member of the Hadouk Trio, he has been the artistic director of the Gnaoua Essaouira festival (Morocco) for 12 years. He invented the musical instrument known as the Gumbass.

The song "Long Road" from his 2014 album Global Traveller was featured in the 2016 video game Uncharted 4: A Thief's End as a record that can be played during the game's epilogue mission.

Gnawa and World Music Festival
The Gnaoua World Music Festival is a festival for mainly Gnawa music artists, held annually in Essaouira, Morocco. It was founded in 1998 by Moroccan entrepreneur Neila Tazi and her A3 Groupe, a private event-organizing company located in Casablanca.

The festival provides a platform for concerts and exchange between the mystical Gnaoua (also Gnawa) musicians of Morocco and invited artists from abroad. In this musical fusion, the Gnaoua master musicians invite players of jazz, pop, rock and contemporary World music to perform together. The festival has attracted up to 500,000 visitors every year over four days, as many performances can be attended for free, unlike other festivals.
Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell
Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), also called photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (pRGC), or melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs), are a type of neuron in the retina of the mammalian eye. The presence of an additional photoreceptor was first suspected in 1927 when mice lacking rod and cone cells still responded to changing light levels through pupil constriction; this suggested that rods and cones are not the only light-sensitive tissue. However, it was unclear whether this light sensitivity arose from an additional retinal photoreceptor or elsewhere in the body. Recent research has shown that these retinal ganglion cells, unlike other retinal ganglion cells, are intrinsically photosensitive due to the presence of melanopsin, a light-sensitive protein. Therefore, they constitute a third class of photoreceptors, in addition to rod and cone cells.

GABA
GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid, γ-aminobutyric acid) is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the developmentally mature mammalian central nervous system. Its principal role is reducing neuronal excitability throughout the nervous system.

GABA is sold as a dietary supplement in many countries. It has been traditionally thought that exogenous GABA (i.e., taken as a supplement) does not cross the blood–brain barrier, but data obtained from more recent research (2010s) in rats describes the notion as being unclear.

The carboxylate form of GABA is γ-aminobutyrate.