hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Betzy Madrid
Betzy Del Carmen Madrid (born July 22, 1994) is a Panamanian model and beauty pageant titleholder who represented the Panamá Centro province in the Bellezas Panamá 2013 pageant, on August 9, 2013 and won the title of Miss Panamá International 2013.

Madrid who is 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m) tall, represented her country Panama in the 2013 Miss International beauty pageant, which took place on December 17, 2013, in Shinagawa Prince Hotel Hall, Tokyo, Japan.

Panamá Province
Panamá is a province of Panama. It is the location of the national capital Panama City, which also serves as the provincial capital. The governor of the province is Mayín Correa, appointed by President José Raul Mulino.
1954 Buenos Aires Grand Prix
The 10th Gran Premio Ciudad de Buenos Aires was a  Formula Libre motor race held on 31 January 1954 at the Autódromo 17 de Octubre in Buenos Aires. The race was won by Maurice Trintignant in the Ecurie Rosier Ferrari 625. Roberto Mieres in a Maserati A6GCM was second and José Froilán González and Giuseppe Farina shared another Ferrari 625 for third, Farina's car having retired earlier. Farina also qualified on pole and set fastest lap.

The event was marred by the death of team owner Enrico Platé, killed when Jorge Daponte's car spun and crashed into the pit lane.

Jorge Daponte
Jorge Alberto Daponte (5 June 1923 – 9 March 1963) was a racing driver from Argentina.

Daponte was born in Buenos Aires. He participated in two World Championship Formula One Grands Prix, appearing for the first time on 17 January 1954, and scoring no championship points. He also participated in several non-Championship races. He died at 39 years of age, possibly of suicide.
Church of St Thomas the Apostle, Killinghall
The Church of St Thomas the Apostle, Killinghall, is an Anglican parish church in Killinghall, North Yorkshire, England. It was designed in 1879 by William Swinden Barber when the parish of Ripley was split to create the additional parish of Killinghall, and a new building was required to accommodate a growing congregation. It was opened in 1880. Among the early vicars posted in this benefice were two canons, Sydney Robert Elliston and Lindsay Shorland-Ball, and the Venerable Robert Collier, an Irish missionary who served in India and Africa.

Canterbury cross
The Canterbury Cross is one of the crosses that are used to symbolise the Christian faith. It is so called because it was designed after an Anglo-Saxon brooch, dating c. 850 that was found in 1867 in Canterbury, England.
Gayo language
Gayo (alternatively rendered as Gajo) is an endangered Austronesian language spoken by some 275,000 people in the mountainous region of the Indonesian province Aceh on the northern tip of the island of Sumatra, specifically around the regencies of Central Aceh, Bener Meriah, and Gayo Lues. Apart from that, speakers are also found in East Aceh, North Aceh, Nagan Raya, Southeast Aceh, and Aceh Tamiang. It is classified as belonging to the Western Malayo-Polynesian branch of the Austronesian languages, but is not closely related to other languages. Ethnologue lists Bukit, Dëret, Lues, Lut, and Serbejadi-Lukup as dialects.

Gayo is distinct from other languages in Aceh. The art and culture of the Gayo people is also significantly different compared with other ethnic groups in Aceh.

In 1907, G.A.J. Hazeu wrote a first Gayo–Dutch dictionary for the colonial authorities of the Dutch East Indies.

Bener Meriah Regency
Bener Meriah Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Bener Meriah) is a regency in Aceh Special Region, Indonesia. It is located on the island of Sumatra, and was formed on 18 December 2003 from districts previously part of Central Aceh Regency. The regency covers an area of 1,941.61 square kilometres and it had a population of 122,277 at the 2010 census and 161,342 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as of mid 2024 was 179,006. Its capital is the town of Simpang Tiga Redelong. Until 2003 the present territory of this regency was the northern part of the Central Aceh Regency, from which it was split away.
Unified English Braille
Unified English Braille Code (UEBC, formerly UBC, now usually simply UEB) is an English language Braille code standard, developed to encompass the wide variety of literary and technical material in use in the English-speaking world today, in uniform fashion.

American Braille
American Braille was a popular braille alphabet used in the United States before the adoption of standardized English Braille in 1918. It was developed by Joel W. Smith, a blind piano tuning teacher at Perkins Institution for the Blind in Boston, and introduced in 1878 as Modified Braille. In 1900 it was renamed American Braille.

Rather than ordering the letters numerically, as was done in French Braille and the (reordered) English Braille also used in the US at the time, in American Braille the letters were partially reassigned by frequency, with the most-common letters being written with the fewest dots. This significantly improved writing speed with the slate and stylus, which wrote one dot at a time, but lost its advantage with the braille typewriters that became practical after 1950.

American Braille was the alphabet used by Helen Keller.
April Novelization
The April Novelization (Polish: Nowela kwietniowa) was a set of changes (constitutional amendments) to the 1952 Constitution of the People's Republic of Poland, agreed in April 1989, in the aftermath of the Polish Round Table Agreement.

Among key changes were:

restoration of the Senate of Poland and the post of the president of Poland (the latter annulling the power of the Polish United Workers' Party general secretary)

introduction of the National Council of the Judiciary (Krajowa Rada Sądownictwa)

changes to the electoral legislation, in order to make elections more free and fair

powers of the Sejm were adjusted

The 1952 constitution would be even further reformed by the December Novelization and Small Constitution of 1992, and finally replaced in 1997 by a completely new current Constitution of Poland.

President of Poland
The president of Poland (Polish: Prezydent Polski [ˈprɛ.zɘ.dɛnt ˈpɔl.ski]), officially the president of the Republic of Poland (Polish: Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej (Prezydent RP)code: pol promoted to code: pl ), is the head of state of Poland. The president's prerogatives and duties are determined in the Constitution of Poland. The president jointly exercises the executive power together with the Council of Ministers headed by the prime minister. The president has a right to dissolve both chambers of parliament in certain cases determined by the constitution, can veto legislation, represents the Republic on the international stage, and is the commander-in-chief of the nation's Armed Forces.
FK Mjølner
FK Mjølner is a Norwegian football club based in the town of Narvik in Narvik Municipality, Nordland county, Norway. It currently plays in the 4. divisjon, after having been relegated from the 3. divisjon in 2024. The club played at the top tier in 1972 and 1989.

2024 Norwegian Third Division
The 2024 Norwegian Third Division (referred to as Norsk Tipping-ligaen for sponsorship reasons) was a fourth-tier Norwegian football league season. The league consisted of 84 teams divided into 6 groups of 14 teams each. The season started on 2 April 2024 and ended on 27 October 2024. The league was played as a double round-robin tournament, where all teams played 26 matches.
Mala (caste)
Mala is a South Indian caste from the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, and Telangana. They are also present in smaller numbers in the states of Karnataka and Maharashtra. They are classified as a Scheduled Caste (SC) by the Government of India. According to 2001 census data, Malas constituted 41.6 percent (5.39 lakh) of the Scheduled Castes population in the then state of Andhra Pradesh, which also included the present state of Telangana.

Battle of Palnadu
The Battle of Palnadu took place sometime in the years 1178–1182 CE, between a Haihaya king called Nalagamaraju, who ruled the then Gurazala kingdom, and his step-brother Malidevaraju who ruled the then Macherla kingdom. Nalagamaraju was supported by Nayakuralu Nagamma while Malidevaraju was supported by Palanati Brahmanaidu| alias Seelam Brahmanaidu, a social reformer from velama caste. The story, as presented in both oral and written narratives, is largely corroborated by inscriptional records.
P. J. Fleck
Philip John Fleck Jr. (born November 29, 1980) is an American football coach and former wide receiver. He has served as the head coach at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities since 2017.

Born in Sugar Grove, Illinois, Fleck played college football as a wide receiver for the Northern Illinois Huskies. He was signed as an undrafted free agent by the San Francisco 49ers in 2004, spending a majority of his short NFL career on the practice squad. Since then, he has pursued a coaching career.

He has formerly been the wide receivers coach for Northern Illinois (2007–2009), Rutgers (2010–2011), and the Tampa Bay Buccaneers (2012). Fleck was also previously the head coach of the Western Michigan Broncos football team from 2013 until 2016. In 2019, two years following his hiring by Minnesota, Fleck led the Golden Gophers to one of their best seasons in half a century, earning their most wins since 1904.

Central Michigan–Western Michigan football rivalry
The Central Michigan–Western Michigan football rivalry is an annual college football game between Central Michigan University (CMU) and Western Michigan University (WMU). The winner receives the Victory Cannon. In its first appearance, it was awarded to CMU after the October 18, 2008, game.
Heavenly Daze
Heavenly Daze is a 1948 short subject directed by Jules White starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine, and Shemp Howard). It is the 109th entry in the series released by Columbia Pictures starring the comedians, who released 190 shorts for the studio between 1934 and 1959.

Slapstick
Slapstick is a style of humor involving exaggerated physical activity that exceeds the boundaries of normal physical comedy. Slapstick may involve both intentional violence and violence by mishap, often resulting from physical abuse and/or inept use of props such as saws and ladders.

The term arises from a device developed for use in the broad, physical comedy style known as commedia dell'arte in 16th-century Italy. The "slap stick" consists of two thin slats of wood, which makes a "slap" when striking another actor, with little force needed to make a loud—and comical—sound. The physical slap stick remains a key component of the plot in the traditional and popular Punch and Judy puppet show. More contemporary examples of slapstick humor include The Three Stooges, The Naked Gun and Mr. Bean.
1937 Liechtenstein spy affair
The 1937 Liechtenstein spy affair (German: Spitzelaffäre) was a scandal involving Carl Freiherr von Vogelsang, a founding member of the Patriotic Union and editor of the Liechtensteiner Vaterland, where it was revealed that he had sent numerous letters detailing Jews in Liechtenstein to Nazi Germany. The scandal caused prime minister Josef Hoop to order the offices of the Vaterland to be searched and for any papers to be confiscated. As a result, Vogelsang promptly left the country.

The scandal was controversial within Liechtenstein politics, and the Patriotic Union called for Hoop's resignation over the issue, claiming that his actions were against the constitution. Eventually the opinions of two legal scholars determined that Hoop had not acted against the constitution, and he was subsequently acquitted of all allegations.

Peter Geiger
Peter Geiger (German pronunciation: [ˈpeːtɐ ˈɡaɪɡɐ]; 22 October 1942 – 6 April 2025) was a Liechtensteiner historian and research officer at the Liechtenstein Institute for history. His primary focus was on the history of Liechtenstein during the 1930s and World War II.
John Ensign
John Eric Ensign (born March 25, 1958) is an American veterinarian and former politician who served as a United States senator from Nevada from 2001 until his resignation in 2011 amid a Senate Ethics Committee investigation into his attempts to hide an extramarital affair. A member of the Republican Party, Ensign previously represented Nevada's 1st congressional district in the House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999, the only Republican to represent the district. Following his resignation from the Senate, Ensign returned to Nevada and resumed his career as a veterinarian.

Las Vegas Sun
The Las Vegas Sun is one of the Las Vegas Valley's two daily subscription newspapers. It is owned by the Greenspun family and is affiliated with Greenspun Media Group. The paper published afternoons on weekdays from 1990 to 2005 and is now included as a section inside the pages of the morning Las Vegas Review-Journal but continues operating exclusively on its own website.

Its publisher and president is Brian Greenspun, former publisher Hank Greenspun's son, who was a college roommate of President Bill Clinton.  It has been described as "politically liberal".
Simon J. Kistemaker
Simon J. Kistemaker (October 21, 1930 – September 23, 2017) was a New Testament scholar. He served as Professor of New Testament at Reformed Theological Seminary. Kistemaker studied at Calvin College and Calvin Theological Seminary before obtaining a Th.D. from the Free University in Amsterdam. He served a term as president of the Evangelical Theological Society, and completed the New Testament Commentary series that was commenced by William Hendriksen. Four of Kistemaker's volumes in this series won the Gold Medallion Evangelical Book of the Year Award.

Reformed Theological Seminary
Reformed Christianity portal

Reformed Theological Seminary (RTS) is a theological seminary in the Reformed theological tradition with campuses in multiple locations in the United States. Founded by conservatives in the Southern Presbyterian Church, the Presbyterian Church in the United States, 1966, serves primarily students from more conservative branches of the Presbyterian and Reformed traditions.
Westfeld (Schmallenberg)
Westfeld is a locality in the municipality Schmallenberg in the High Sauerland District in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

The village has 725 inhabitants and lies in the east of the municipality of Schmallenberg at a height of around 487 m. The river Lenne flows through the village. Westfeld borders on the villages of Ohlenbach, Hoher Knochen, Inderlenne, Lengenbeck, Nordenau and Altastenberg.

The first written document mentioning Wederichvelden dates from 1072 in a charter from Grafschaft Abbey of bishop Anno of Cologne. The village used to belong to the municipality of Oberkirchen in Amt Schmallenberg until the end of 1974.

Lenne
The Lenne (German pronunciation: [ˈlɛnə] ⓘ) is a tributary of the river Ruhr in the Sauerland hills, western Germany. It has caused flooding in recent years.

Originating on top of the Kahler Asten near Winterberg in an intermittent spring at an elevation of 2,687 ft (819 m), the Lenne ends after a course of 129 km flowing into the Ruhr river near the city of Hagen. With an average discharge of 25 m³/s near its mouth, it is one of the two main tributaries of the Ruhr, the other being the Möhne, which joins the Ruhr from the right.
Pashtun diaspora
Pashtun diaspora (Pashto: بهر مېشت پښتانه) comprises all ethnic Pashtuns. There are millions of Pashtuns who are living outside of their traditional homeland of Pashtunistan, a historic region that is today situated over parts of Afghanistan and Pakistan. While the (erstwhile) Pashtunistan is home to the majority of Pashtun people, there are significant local Pashtun diaspora communities scattered across the neighbouring Pakistani provinces of Sindh and Punjab, particularly in their respective provincial capital cities of Karachi and Lahore. Outside of Afghanistan and Pakistan, significant Pashtun diaspora communities are found in Iran, the United States, the United Kingdom, Netherlands, Australia, Canada, Russia and the Gulf Arab states.

The Pashtun people, who are an Eastern Iranian ethnolinguistic group, are believed to have settled in the traditional Pashtunistan region around the early 1st millennium AD.

Pashtun culture
Pashtun culture (Pashto: پښتون کلتور) is based on Pashtunwali, as well as speaking of the Pashto language and wearing Pashtun dress.

Pashtunwali is main factor which make the baseline for  the social behavior in Pashtun society. Pashtuns are traditionally strict and conservative regarding the preservation of their culture.
Sir Richard Cocks, 2nd Baronet
Sir Richard Cocks, 2nd baronet (c.1659-1726), of Dumbleton, Gloucestershire, was an English politician.

He was the son of Richard Cocks, eldest son of Sir Richard Cocks, 1st baronet of Dumbleton and Mary, daughter of Sir Robert Cooke of Highnam. He inherited the baronetcy from his grandfather in 1684. He was a member of the Parliament of England for Gloucestershire 1698 - 1702, his parliamentary career being well-documented by his surviving memoranda books.

He married:

Frances (d. 1724), daughter of Colonel Richard Neville of Billingbear, Berkshire, who according to her funeral monument 'was eminently pious and zealous for the established Government and Religion'.

Mary (d. 1764), daughter of William Bethell of Swinden, Yorks.

Dying childless, he was succeeded by his younger brother.

Swinden
Swinden is a village in the civil parish of Hellifield, in North Yorkshire, England. It is near Halton West and Nappa and about 7 miles (11 km) north of Barnoldswick. The population was estimated at 20 in 2010.

Swinden was historically a township in the ancient parish of Gisburn in the West Riding of Yorkshire. It became a separate civil parish in 1866. It was transferred to the new county of North Yorkshire in 1974. The civil parish was abolished on 1 April 2014 and amalgamated with the parish of Hellifield. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Craven, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.
Ruellia simplex
Ruellia simplex, the Mexican petunia, Mexican bluebell or Britton's wild petunia, is a species of flowering plant in the family Acanthaceae that is native to Mexico, the Caribbean, and South America. It has become a widespread invasive plant in Florida, where it was likely introduced as an ornamental before 1933, as well as in the eastern Mediterranean, South Asia and other parts of the Eastern Hemisphere.

Acanthaceae
Acanthaceae (/ækænˈθeɪsiːˌaɪ, -siˌi/) is a family (the acanthus family) of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing almost 250 genera and about 2500 species. Most are tropical herbs, shrubs, or twining vines; some are epiphytes. Only a few species are distributed in temperate regions. The four main centres of distribution are Indonesia and Malaysia, Africa, Brazil, and Central America. Representatives of the family can be found in nearly every habitat, including dense or open forests, scrublands, wet fields and valleys, sea coast and marine areas, swamps, and mangrove forests.
Palaua (plant)
Palaua is a genus of malvaceous plants native to the Andes. It shares with Malope and Kitaibelia the property of possessing capitate schizocarps, and was formerly classified with them in a subfamily Malopoideae or tribe Malopeae. It is now considered to be more closely related to Sphaeralcea, and to other Andean mallows.

It is native to Peru and northern Chile.

The genus name of Palaua is in honour of Antonio Palau y Verdera (1734–1793), a Spanish naturalist.
It was first described and published in Diss. Vol.1 on page 40 in 1785.

Schizocarp
A schizocarp /ˈskɪzəkɑːrp/ is a dry fruit that, when mature, splits up into mericarps.

There are different definitions:

Any dry fruit composed of multiple carpels that separate.

Under this definition the mericarps can contain one or more seeds (the mericarps of Abutilon have two or more seeds) and each mericarp can be either:
Indehiscent (remaining closed), such as in the carrot and other Umbelliferae or in members of the genus Malva, or
Dehiscent (splitting open to release the seed), for example members of the genus Geranium. This is similar to what happens with a capsule, but with an extra stage. (In Abutilon, the mericarp is sometimes only partially dehiscent and does not release the seed.)

Any fruit that separates into indehiscent one-seeded segments, such as a loment, Malva, Malvastrum, and Sida.

Schizocarps of Heracleum sphondylium in early development

Schizocarps of Heracleum sphondylium in mid to late development
Motsugai Takeda
Motsugai Takeda (武田 物外, Takeda Motsugai; 1795–1867), commonly known by his name alone, was a Japanese Zen priest and martial artist from the Edo period. He is known for being the founder of the Fusen-ryū school of jujutsu.

Jujutsu
Jujutsu (柔術, jūjutsu; Japanese pronunciation: [dʑɯːʑɯtsɯ] or [dʑɯꜜːʑɯtsɯ] ⓘ), also known as jiu-jitsu or ju-jitsu (both /dʒuːˈdʒɪtsuː/ joo-JITS-oo), is a Japanese martial art and a system of close combat that can be used in a defensive or offensive manner.  A subset of techniques from certain styles that jujutsu were used to develop many modern martial arts and combat sports, such as judo, aikido, sambo, Brazilian jiu-jitsu, ARB, and mixed martial arts.
Holon (philosophy)
A holon is something that is simultaneously a whole in and of itself, as well as a part of a larger whole. In this way, a holon can be considered a subsystem within a larger hierarchical system.
An individual holon is also made up of constituent parts. In this way holons can be seen as having three aspects: (1) the whole self-contained thing itself,(2) it is made up of parts, and (3) it is also a part of something larger. A bias of only seeing what parts a thing is made up of in order to understand its nature is at the heart of reductionism. A bias of seeing only what a thing is a part of is gaiaism. A holon can be seen as an object within a recursive field, a whole, made of parts, and part of something larger.

The holon represents a way to overcome the dichotomy between parts and wholes, as well as a way to account for both the self-assertive and the integrative tendencies of organisms.

Holons are sometimes discussed in the context of self-organizing holarchic open (SOHO) systems.

System
A system is a group of interacting or interrelated elements that act according to a set of rules to form a unified whole. A system, surrounded and influenced by its environment, is described by its boundaries, structure and purpose and is expressed in its functioning. Systems are the subjects of study of systems theory and other systems sciences.

Systems have several common properties and characteristics, including structure, function(s), behavior and interconnectivity.
Joachim Hansen (actor)
Joachim Hansen (28 June 1930 – 13 September 2007) was a German actor. He was best known for film roles in the 1960s and 1970s in which he often portrayed Nazi officers and World War II German officials.

Of nearly sixty five film credits, Hansen's most notable roles include Der Stern von Afrika as Hans-Joachim Marseille, Jürgen Stroop in The Eagle Has Landed, and Generaloberst Alfred Jodl in The Winds of War and War and Remembrance mini-series.

The Eagle Has Landed (film)
The Eagle Has Landed is a 1976 British war film directed by John Sturges, and starring Michael Caine, Donald Sutherland and Robert Duvall.

Based on the 1975 novel The Eagle Has Landed by Jack Higgins, the film is about a fictional German plot to kidnap Winston Churchill in the middle of the Second World War. The Eagle Has Landed was Sturges's final film, and was successful upon its release.
City Hall of Kecskemét
The City Hall of Kecskemét (Hungarian: Kecskeméti Városháza) is a city hall building located in the Kossuth Square (town square), of Kecskemét, in the Bács-Kiskun County, Hungary.

The current building was built between 1893 and 1897 in the Art Nouveau style. It was designed by Ödön Lechner and Gyula Pártos.

Bertalan Székely
Bertalan Székely (8 May 1835, Kolozsvár, Transylvania, Kingdom of Hungary (now Cluj-Napoca, Romania) – 21 August 1910, Budapest, Transleithania, Austria-Hungary) was a  Hungarian history and portrait painter who worked in the Romantic and Academic styles.