hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2009–10 Belarusian Cup
The 2009–10 Belarusian Cup was the 19th season of the Belarusian annual cup competition. Contrary to the league season, it was conducted in a fall-spring rhythm. The first games were played on 12 July 2009. BATE Borisov won the Cup and qualified for the UEFA Europa League second qualifying round.

2010–11 UEFA Europa League
The 2010–11 UEFA Europa League was the second season of the UEFA Europa League, Europe's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 40th edition overall including its predecessor, the UEFA Cup. It began on 1 July 2010, with the first qualifying round matches, and concluded on 18 May 2011, with the final at the Aviva Stadium in Dublin, Republic of Ireland, between Porto and first-time finalists Braga. This was the first all-Portuguese final of a European competition and only the third time that two Portuguese teams faced each other in Europe, following Braga's elimination of Benfica in the semi-finals. Porto defeated Braga 1–0, with a goal from the competition's top goalscorer Radamel Falcao, and won their second title in the competition, after victory in the 2002–03 UEFA Cup. Atletico Madrid were the defending champions but were eliminated in group stage.
Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee
Womesh Chunder Bonnerjee (or Umesh Chandra Banerjee; 29 December 1844 – 21 July 1906) was an Indian independence activist and barrister who practiced in England. He was a secretary of the London Indian Society founded by Dadabhai Naoroji in 1865. He was one of the founders and the first president of Indian National Congress in 1885 at Bombay, serving again as president in 1892 at Allahabad. Bonnerjee financed the British Committee of Congress and its journals in London. Along with Naoroji, Eardley Norton and William Digby he started the Congress Political Agency, a branch of Congress in London. He unsuccessfully contested the 1892 United Kingdom general election as a Liberal party candidate for the Barrow and Furness seat. In 1893, Naoroji, Bonnerjee and Badruddin Tyabji founded the Indian Parliamentary Committee in England.

Calcutta High Court
Calcutta High Court is the oldest High Court in India. It is located at Esplanade Row West, Kolkata, West Bengal. It has jurisdiction over the state of West Bengal and the Union Territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The Gothic Revival building was completed in 1872, and designed by Walter Long Bozzi Granville.

Currently, the court has a sanctioned judge strength of 72.
Florentino Ameghino
Florentino Ameghino (born Giovanni Battista Fiorino Giuseppe Ameghino; September 19, 1853 –  August 6, 1911) was an Argentine naturalist, paleontologist, anthropologist and zoologist, whose fossil discoveries on the Argentine Pampas, especially on Patagonia, rank with those made in the western United States during the late 19th century. Along with his two brothers – Carlos and Juan – Florentino Ameghino was one of the most important founding figures in South American paleontology.

From 1887 until his death, Ameghino was passionately devoted to the study of fossil mammals from Patagonia, with the valuable support of his brother Carlos Ameghino (1865–1936) who, between 1887 and 1902, made 14 trips to that region, where he discovered and collected numerous fossil faunas and made important stratigraphic observations.

Chubut Province
Chubut (Spanish: Provincia del Chubut [tʃuˈβut] – from Tehuelche chupat 'transparent'; Welsh: Talaith Chubut [taˈlaɪθ ˈχɨbɨt]) is a province in southern Argentina, situated between the 42nd parallel south (the border with Río Negro Province), the 46th parallel south (bordering Santa Cruz Province), the Andes range to the west (bordering Chile), and the Atlantic Ocean to the east. The province's name derives from the Tehuelche word chupat, meaning 'transparent', their description of the Chubut River.

The largest city is Comodoro Rivadavia in the south of the province; it had 199,369 inhabitants at the 2022 Census. The administrative capital is Rawson (27,157). Other important cities are Puerto Madryn (97,625), Trelew (104,657), Esquel (36,624) and Sarmiento (13,892). Gaiman (6,376) is a cultural and demographic centre of the region known as Y Wladfa in which Welsh-Argentines are concentrated.
Dorothea Dandridge Henry
Dorothea Henry (née Dandridge; September 25, 1757 – February 14, 1831) was the wife of Patrick Henry. Upon their marriage while he was in office, she served as the first and sixth First Lady of Virginia during Henry's terms as governor, from 1777 to 1779 and 1784 to 1786.

Governor of Virginia
The governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia is the head of government of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The governor is head of the executive branch of the government of Virginia and is the commander-in-chief of the Virginia National Guard and Virginia Defense Force.

Three signatories of the Declaration of Independence served as governor of Virginia and three governors became president of the United States: Thomas Jefferson, James Monroe, and John Tyler.

The current officeholder is Abigail Spanberger, a member of the Democratic Party who took office on January 17, 2026. She is Virginia's first female governor.
George Stephen Ritchie
Rear-Admiral George Stephen Ritchie CB DSC (30 October 1914 – 8 May 2012) was a British admiral noted for his cartographic and hydrographic work and as an author of many publications on hydrography. He was Hydrographer of the Navy from 1966 to 1971.

International Hydrographic Organization
The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) (French: Organisation Hydrographique Internationale) is an intergovernmental organization representing hydrography. As of August 2025, the IHO comprised 104 member states.

A principal aim of the IHO is to ensure that the world's seas, oceans and navigable waters are properly surveyed and charted. It does this through the setting of international standards and through its capacity building programs and offices.

The IHO enjoys observer status at the United Nations, where it is the recognized competent authority on hydrographic surveying and nautical charting. When referring to hydrography and nautical charting in conventions and similar instruments, it is the IHO standards and specifications that are normally used.
Fayolism
Fayolism was a theory of management that analyzed and synthesized the role of management in organizations, developed around 1900 by the French manager and management theorist Henri Fayol (1841–1925). It was through Fayol's work as a philosopher of administration that he contributed most widely to the theory and practice of organizational management.

Analysis
Analysis (pl.: analyses) is the process of breaking a complex topic or substance into smaller parts in order to gain a better understanding of it. The technique has been applied in the study of mathematics and logic since before Aristotle, though analysis as a formal concept is a relatively recent development.

The word comes from the Ancient Greek ἀνάλυσις (analysis, "a breaking-up" or "an untying" from ana- "up, throughout" and lysis "a loosening"). From it also comes the word's plural, analyses.

As a formal concept, the method has variously been ascribed to René Descartes (Discourse on the Method), and Galileo Galilei. It has also been ascribed to Isaac Newton, in the form of a practical method of physical discovery (which he did not name).

The converse of analysis is synthesis: putting the pieces back together again in a new or different whole.
Lyoness
Lyoness International AG was a multi-level marketing company established in Austria in 2003. According to Lyoness, the company was active in more than 40 countries, spread over six continents, and their shopping community consisted of more than five million members as of 2016. In several countries Lyoness is suspected as being, or ruled as being, a pyramid scheme.

In 2023, Lyoness International AG and Lyoness Europe AG, which served as umbrella companies for the Lyoness business model, filed for insolvency. The company was succeeded by MyWorld  International AG. The Lyoness name continues to be used in legal, financial, and structural contexts in several markets.

Average
In mathematics, average means arithmetic mean (aka expected value), though occasionally it is instead used to mean other central values such as median, mode, geometric mean, or harmonic mean.  Outside of mathematics, it can mean common, typical, or normal.
Geoffrey Green
Geoffrey Green OBE (12 May 1911 – 9 May 1990) was an English football writer. Geoffrey Green was educated at Shrewsbury School, where he played football. He started writing about football for The Times in the 1930s. He is considered to be the godfather of football reporting, although he remained anonymous in the paper until 23 January 1967. He also broadcast on football for BBC Radio.

Green was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 1946 Birthday Honours, and promoted to Officer (OBE) in the 1976 New Year Honours.

Shrewsbury School
Shrewsbury School is a private school in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, England.

It was founded in 1552 by Edward VI by royal charter, to replace the town's Anglo-Saxon collegiate foundations which were disestablished in the sixteenth century. It is one of the seven public schools in the UK subject to the Public Schools Act 1868 and one of the nine schools reviewed by the Clarendon Commission between 1861 and 1864. The school is notable for being the education site of renowned scientist Charles Darwin.

It was originally founded as a boarding school for boys. In 2008, however, girls were accepted in the sixth form. Since 2015 Shrewsbury School has been a co-educational school. As at Michaelmas Term 2023, Shrewsbury School had 842 pupils: 522 boys and 320 girls. The school has seven boys', and five girls' houses. Alumni of the school are known as Old Salopians.

The present school site, to which the school moved in 1882, is on the south bank of the River Severn.
The Beach Boys: An American Band
The Beach Boys: An American Band is a 1985 biographical musical film directed by Malcolm Leo. The movie is a biography of the American rock band the Beach Boys, with interviews, concert footage and clips from movies and television shows in which they appeared.

The documentary featured some previously unreleased music, including an excerpt of "The Elements: Fire", as well as a segment extracted from the group's Home Movies project.

Brother Records
Brother Records, Inc. (BRI) is an American holding company and record label established in 1966 that owns the intellectual property rights of the Beach Boys, including "The Beach Boys" trademark. It was founded by brothers Brian, Carl and Dennis Wilson, and their cousin Mike Love. As of 2025, the corporation was equally owned by four shareholders and directors: Mike Love, Al Jardine and the estates of Brian and Carl Wilson.
Oxocarbon
In chemistry, an oxocarbon or oxide of carbon is a chemical compound consisting only of carbon and oxygen. The simplest and most common oxocarbons are carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2). Many other stable (practically if not thermodynamically) or metastable oxides of carbon are known, but they are rarely encountered, such as carbon suboxide (C3O2 or O=C=C=C=O) and mellitic anhydride (C12O9).

Many other oxides are known today, most of them synthesized since the 1960s. Some of these new oxides are stable at room temperature. Some are metastable or stable only at very low temperatures, but decompose to simpler oxocarbons when warmed.  Many are inherently unstable and can be observed only momentarily as intermediates in chemical reactions or are so reactive that they exist only in gas phase or have only been detected by matrix isolation.

Graphene oxide and other stable polymeric carbon oxides with unbounded molecular structures exist.

Valence (chemistry)
In chemistry, the valence (US spelling) or valency (British spelling) of an atom is a measure of its combining capacity with other atoms when it forms chemical compounds or molecules. Valence is generally understood to be the number of chemical bonds that each atom of a given chemical element typically forms. Double bonds are considered to be two bonds, triple bonds to be three, quadruple bonds to be four, quintuple bonds to be five and sextuple bonds to be six. In most compounds, the valence of hydrogen is 1, of oxygen is 2, of nitrogen is 3, and of carbon is 4. Valence is not to be confused with the related concepts of the coordination number, the oxidation state, or the number of valence electrons for a given atom.
Treumann
Treumann is a German language surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jaan Treumann (1881–1941), Estonian Lutheran clergyman, educator, and politician

Karl Treumann (1823–1877), Austrian actor, operetta singer, theatre director, and writer

Louis Treumann (1872–1943), Austrian actor and operetta tenor

Wanda Treumann (1883-1963), German actress and film producer

Jaan Treumann
Jaan Treumann (11 March 1881 – 3 March 1941) was an Estonian Evangelical Lutheran Church clergyman, educator and politician. He was a member of Estonian National Assembly (Estonian: Rahvuskogu).

Jaan Treumann attended secondary school at Pärnu Gymnasium. He was expelled from school due to nationalist independence activities a few months before graduation, but was permitted to complete his final exams and graduate in 1903. From 1903 until 1909, Treumann studied at the Faculty of Religion of the University of Tartu. He was a founder and honorary alumnus of Fraternitas Estica. He taught schools in a number of local municipalities from 1910 until his death in 1941. He was the city commissioner of Tartu City Council and Deputy Mayor in 1927.
Andrychów
Andrychów [anˈdrɨxuf] ⓘ (Latin: Andrichovia) is the largest town in Wadowice County, Lesser Poland Voivodeship, Poland. The town is located in the Little Beskids, in the historical region of Lesser Poland, on the river Wieprzówka. It has been situated in the Lesser Poland Voivodeship since 1999, having previously been located in the Bielsko-Biała Voivodeship (1975–1998). Andrychów has an area of 10.34 square kilometres (3.99 square miles) and as of June 2022 it has 18,815 inhabitants.

Peter's Pence
Peter's Pence (or Denarii Sancti Petri and "Alms of St Peter") are donations or payments made directly to the Holy See of the Catholic Church. The practice began under the Saxons in England and spread through Europe. Both before and after the Norman Conquest the practice varied by time and place: initially, it was given as a pious contribution, whereas later it was required by various rulers and collected like a tax. Though formally discontinued in England at the time of the Reformation, a post-Reformation payment of uncertain character was seen in some English manors into the 19th century. In 1871, Pope Pius IX formalized the practice of lay members of the church and "other persons of good will" providing financial support to the Roman See. Modern "Peter's Pence" proceeds are used by the Pope for philanthropic works throughout the world and for administrative costs of the Vatican state.
Steve Cheredaryk
Steve Cheredaryk (born November 20, 1975) is a Canadian retired professional ice hockey defenceman. Cheredaryk was selected by the Winnipeg Jets in the 4th round (82nd overall) of the 1994 NHL Entry Draft.

A native of Calgary, Alberta, Cheredaryk played major junior hockey with the Medicine Hat Tigers of the Western Hockey League. Drafted by the Winnipeg Jets in 1994, he went on to play 126 games in the American Hockey League and 371 games in the ECHL before retiring from professional hockey during the 2004–05 season.

Medicine Hat Tigers
The Medicine Hat Tigers are a Canadian major junior ice hockey team in the Western Hockey League (WHL) based in Medicine Hat, Alberta. Established in 1970, the team is tied with the Kamloops Blazers for the most Ed Chynoweth Cups as league champion with six, and have gone on to win two Memorial Cup titles. The Tigers also have seven Division titles. Since 2015, the Tigers play at Co-op Place after forty-five seasons at the Medicine Hat Arena.
Knockacullion
Knockacullion (Irish: Cnoc an Chuilinn, meaning 'hill of the holly') is a small townland in the north of County Monaghan in  Ireland. It is 0.25 square kilometres (0.1 sq mi) in area and is located to the north west of Sheskin and south of Corlat. The local economy relies primarily on farming.

County Monaghan
County Monaghan (/ˈmɒnəhən/ MON-ə-hən; Irish: Contae Mhuineacháin) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Ulster and is part of Border strategic planning area of the Northern and Western Region. It is named after the town of Monaghan. Monaghan County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 65,288, according to the 2022 census.

The county has existed since 1585 when the Mac Mathghamhna rulers of Airgíalla agreed to join the Kingdom of Ireland. Following the 20th-century Irish War of Independence and the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, Monaghan was one of three Ulster counties to join the Irish Free State rather than Northern Ireland.
Bud Hinga
Milton Lage "Bud" Hinga (October 18, 1900 – May 31, 1960) was an American football coach and college athletics administrator.

Hinga graduated from Kalamazoo Central High School and Kalamazoo College. He won letters at Kalamazoo College in football, baseball, and basketball.

Hinga served as the head football coach at Hope College in Holland, Michigan from 1931 to 1942. He was also the coach of other Hope sports teams, including the basketball and golf teams. He also served as dean of men starting in 1943. He became dean of students in 1956.

Hinga was married in 1925 to Gladys Kendrick, and they had two children, Constance and Bill. Hinga died in 1960 from Hodgkin's disease at age 59.

Hope College
Hope College is a private Christian liberal arts college in Holland, Michigan, United States. It was originally opened in 1851 as the Pioneer School by Dutch immigrants four years after the community was first settled. The first freshman college class matriculated in 1862, and Hope received its state charter in 1866. Hope College is affiliated with the Reformed Church in America and retains a Christian atmosphere. Its 120-acre (49 ha) campus is adjacent to the downtown commercial district and has been shared with Western Theological Seminary since 1884. The Hope College campus is located near the eastern shores of Lake Michigan and is 2.5 hours away from two major cities, Chicago and Detroit.
Robert and Bertram (1938 film)
Robert and Bertram (Polish: Robert i Bertrand) is a 1938 Polish comedy film directed by Mieczysław Krawicz and starring Helena Grossówna, Eugeniusz Bodo and Adolf Dymsza. It was inspired by a comedy sketch by Johann Nestroy which was in turn based on an 1856 farce Robert and Bertram by the German writer Gustav Räder featuring two wandering vagrants with hearts of gold. A German adaptation was made the following year. The film's art direction was by Jacek Rotmil and Stefan Norris.

Farce
Farce is a form of comedy that relies on exaggerated, improbable, or ridiculous situations to entertain an audience. It is typically marked by physical humor, absurdity, satire or parody, improbable scenarios, misunderstandings, and broadly stylized characters and performances.
Angular mechanics
In physics, angular mechanics is a field of mechanics which studies rotational movement. It studies things such as angular momentum, angular velocity, and torque. It also studies more advanced things such as Coriolis force and Angular aerodynamics. It is used in many fields such as toy making, aerospace engineering, and aviation.

Angular acceleration
In physics, angular acceleration (symbol α, alpha) is the time derivative of angular velocity. Following the two types of angular velocity, spin angular velocity and orbital angular velocity, the respective types of angular acceleration are: spin angular acceleration, involving a rigid body about an axis of rotation intersecting the body's centroid; and orbital angular acceleration, involving a point particle and an external axis.

Angular acceleration has physical dimensions of inverse time squared, with the SI unit radian per second squared (rad⋅s−2). In two dimensions, angular acceleration is a pseudoscalar whose sign is taken to be positive if the angular speed increases counterclockwise or decreases clockwise, and is taken to be negative if the angular speed increases clockwise or decreases counterclockwise. In three dimensions, angular acceleration is a pseudovector.
2019 Sudamérica Rugby Sevens
The 2019 Sudamérica Rugby Sevens was the thirteenth edition of the Sudamérica Rugby Sevens, the continental championship for rugby sevens in South America. The competition took place as a series over two legs, the first tournament at Punta del Este in Uruguay, and the second at Viña del Mar in Chile.

Chile won both tournaments to take out the series title and gain entry to the USA Sevens and Canada Sevens in 2019, as well as a berth at the inaugural Challenger Series for a chance to qualify to the World Sevens Series in 2020–21.

Uruguay finished fourth in the series and also gained a berth at the Challenger Series as the next highest-placed team from Sudamérica not already in the World Series.

Chile national rugby sevens team
The Chile national rugby sevens team is a minor national sevens side. They have made three appearances at the Rugby World Cup Sevens; they also compete in the Pan American Games, and have featured in the World Rugby Sevens Series.
Martin Wolfram
Martin Wolfram (born 29 January 1992 in Dresden) is a German diver. He represented Germany at the 2012 Summer Olympics. At the time he competed in the Olympics, his height was 5 ft 5 in (1.65 m) and his weight was 123 lb (56 kg). Martin injured his arm whilst diving in the 10m platform competition. He finished 4th in the preliminary rounds with 496.80, 5th in the semi-finals with 519.00 and 8th in the finals 506.65. He was flown back to Germany after his injury.

At the 2016 Summer Olympics, he competed in the men's 10 m platform event. He finished in 5th place.

At the 2020 Summer Olympics, he finished in 7th in the men's 3 m springboard.

Diving at the 2012 Summer Olympics
The diving competitions at the 2012 Olympic Games in London took place from 29 July to 11 August at the Aquatics Centre within the Olympic Park. It was one of four aquatic sports at the Games, along with swimming, water polo and synchronised swimming.

The 2012 Games featured competitions in eight events (men and women events each of): 3m springboard, synchronised 3m springboard, 10m platform, and synchronised 10m platform.

The diving featured 136 athletes representing 25 countries. All divers must be at least 14 years old on or by 31 December 2012.

China was the most successful nation, topping the medal table with six golds and ten in total.
Valentin Zanin
Valentin Petrovich Zanin (Russian name: Валентин Занин; born 27 October 1937) is a Soviet rower.

Zanin was born in 1937 in Leningrad. At the 1956 European Rowing Championships in Bled, he competed with the coxed four and they won silver. He went to the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne and competed in the coxed four, where they were eliminated in the semi-final. He competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome with the coxed four where they came fourth.

1956 European Rowing Championships
The 1956 European Rowing Championships were rowing championships held on Lake Bled in the city of Bled which, at the time, was located in Yugoslavia. Men competed in all seven Olympic boat classes (M1x, M2x, M2-, M2+, M4-, M4+, M8+), and women entered in five boat classes (W1x, W2x, W4x+, W4+, W8+). Many of the men competed two months later at the Olympic Games in Melbourne; women would first be allowed to compete at Olympic level in 1976.