hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Koivusuo Strict Nature Reserve
Koivusuo Strict Nature Reserve (Koivusuon luonnonpuisto) is a strict nature reserve located in the North Karelia region of Finland.

This reserve has been a regular place for visits by wolverines, bears, lynxes and wolves for most of the history.

Some of the Koitajoki trails (Tapion taival) go by the area.

North Karelia
North Karelia (or Northern Karelia, Finnish: Pohjois-Karjala; Swedish: Norra Karelen) is a region in eastern Finland. It borders the regions of Kainuu, North Savo, South Savo and South Karelia, as well as Russia's Republic of Karelia. It is the easternmost region of Finland and shares a 300 kilometres (190 mi) border with Russia. The city of Joensuu is the capital and the largest settlement of the region.

North Karelia has successfully reduced chronic diseases through public health measures. In the 1960s Finland led industrialized nations in heart disease mortality rates; North Karelia had Finland's highest incidence. In 1972 a long-term project was undertaken which targeted this risk in North Karelia. The resulting improvement in public health is still considered remarkable, a model for the rest of the nation. North Karelia is also known as the most sociable region in Finland.
New Zealand two-dollar note
The New Zealand two-dollar note was a banknote of the New Zealand dollar in circulation from 1967 until 1991.

The note introduced on 10 July 1967, replacing the £1 note. In 1981, the fourth series of banknotes were released with minor drawing changes and a portrait update of Queen Elizabeth II on the obverse. The note was withdrawn from circulation along with the one-dollar note in 1991, replaced by the one- and two-dollar coins released the previous year.

The two-dollar note featured Queen Elizabeth II on the obverse, and New Zealand native species on the reverse: the rifleman bird (Acanthisitta chloris, (Māori: titipounamu), and flowers of red mistletoe (Peraxilla tetrapetala, Māori: roeroe).

New Zealand one-dollar coin
The New Zealand one-dollar coin ($1) is a coin of the New Zealand dollar. The current circulating coin was introduced on 11 February 1991 to replace the existing $1 note. There had previously been occasional issues of commemorative "silver dollars", but they are rarely seen in circulation.

The depiction of a kiwi on the reverse helps give the New Zealand dollar the colloquial name "Kiwi (dollar)", although the term was in use before the $1 coin was introduced.

Both the $1 and $2 coins are gold-coloured, and requests for a Koha, donation or entry fee sometimes say gold coin please.
James Galway
Sir James Galway OBE (born 8 December 1939) is an Irish virtuoso flute player from Belfast, nicknamed "The Man with the Golden Flute". After several years working as an orchestral musician, he established an international career as a solo flute player. In 2005, he received the Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music at the Classic Brit Awards.

Virtuoso
A virtuoso (from Italian virtuoso, Italian: [virˈtwoːzo] or Italian: [virtuˈoːso]; Late Latin virtuosus; Latin virtus; 'virtue', 'excellence' or 'skill') is an individual who possesses outstanding talent and technical ability in a particular art or field such as fine arts, music, singing, playing a musical instrument, or composition.
Snap rounding
Snap rounding is a method of approximating line segment locations by creating a grid and placing each point in the centre of a cell (pixel) of the grid.  The method preserves certain topological properties of the arrangement of line segments.

Drawbacks include the potential interpolation of additional vertices in  line segments (lines become polylines), the arbitrary closeness of a point to a non-incident edge, and arbitrary numbers of intersections between input line-segments.   The 3 dimensional case is worse, with a polyhedral subdivision of complexity n becoming complexity O(n4).

There are more refined algorithms to cope with some of these issues, for example  iterated snap rounding guarantees a "large" separation between points and non-incident edges.

Polygonal chain
In geometry, a polygonal chain is a connected series of line segments. More formally, a polygonal chain ⁠⁠ is a curve specified by a sequence of points  called its vertices. The curve itself consists of the line segments connecting the consecutive vertices.
Offensive Behaviour at Football and Threatening Communications (Scotland) Act 2012
The Offensive Behaviour at Football and Threatening Communications (Scotland) Act 2012 (asp 1) was an act of the Scottish Parliament which created new criminal offences concerning sectarian behaviour at football games. The act was repealed on 20 April 2018.

The legislation was introduced by the governing Scottish National Party and passed by MSPs by 64 votes to 57 without any opposition support. Labour, the Conservatives, the Liberal Democrats and the Scottish Greens said the bill was "railroaded" through by the SNP. The Scottish Government faced calls for an early review into how the legislation operated.

Scottish Liberal Democrats
The Scottish Liberal Democrats (Scottish Gaelic: Pàrtaidh Libearalach Deamocratach na h-Alba) is a liberal, federalist political party in Scotland, part of UK Liberal Democrats. The party holds 5 of the 129 seats in the Scottish Parliament, 6 of the 57 Scottish seats in the House of Commons and 88 of 1,226 local councillors.

The Scottish Liberal Democrats is one of the three state parties within the federal Liberal Democrats, the others being the Welsh Liberal Democrats and the English Liberal Democrats. The Liberal Democrats do not contest elections in Northern Ireland.
Walter Lawrence Jr.
Walter Lawrence Jr. (May 31, 1925 – November 9, 2021) was an American surgical oncologist at Memorial-Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Cornell Medical College, and at the Medical College of Virginia. He was a leader in civil rights health equity efforts.

Beckstrand Cancer Foundation
Beckstrand Cancer Foundation is a 501(c)(3) organization that was founded in 1974 by Dr. Grant Beckstrand and a group of doctors specializing in the treatment and care of cancer patients. It was formed by incorporation as a non-profit organization.
Torsa River
The Torsa River (also spelt Torsha and also known as Kambu Maqu, Machu and Amo Chhu) rises from the Chumbi Valley in Tibet, China, where it is known as Machu. Its course continues into Bhutan, India, and Bangladesh before joining the Brahmaputra River into the Bay of Bengal.

Phuntsholing
Phuntsholing, also spelled as Phuentsholing (Dzongkha: ཕུན་ཚོགས་གླིང་), is a border town in southern Bhutan and is the administrative seat of Chukha District. The town occupies parts of both Phuentsholing Gewog and Sampheling Gewog.

Phuentsholing adjoins the Indian town of Jaigaon, and cross-border trade has resulted in a thriving local economy. The town previously hosted the headquarters of the Bank of Bhutan before they were shifted to Thimphu. In 2017, Phuentsholing had a population of 27,658.
Holt Persinger
Holt Persinger is an American politician from the Georgia Republican Party who serves as a member of the Georgia House of Representatives representing District 119. In 2023 he was elected to the Georgia House of Representatives in a special election to replace Danny Rampey who was elected in November 2022. Rampey withdrew prior to being seated, after being arrested for stealing prescription narcotics.

Georgia House of Representatives
33°44′57″N 84°23′18″W﻿ / ﻿33.749070°N 84.388362°W﻿ / 33.749070; -84.388362

The Georgia House of Representatives is the lower house of the Georgia General Assembly (the state legislature) of the U.S. state of Georgia. There are currently 180 elected members. Republicans have had a majority in the chamber since 2005. The current House Speaker is Jon G. Burns.
John Christian Hopkins
John Christian Hopkins (July 6,1960) is a Narragansett journalist, author, poet and public speaker who resides in Tuba City, Arizona, United States. After having grown up in Hope Valley, Rhode Island, Hopkins graduated from the University of Rhode Island  with degrees in journalism and history in 1987.

Hopkins is a career journalist who has worked at newspapers across New England, in New York, Florida, most recently in Arizona. He was a former nationally syndicated newspaper columnist for Gannett News Service.
As a child Hopkins slept clutching books to his chest and dreamed of becoming an author. “I’ve never wanted to do anything else but write,” Hopkins said.
He and his wife Sararesa live on her Navajo reservation in Fort Defiance, Arizona.

Hope Valley, Rhode Island
Hope Valley is a village and census-designated place (CDP) in the town of Hopkinton, Rhode Island, United States. The population of the CDP was 1,612 at the 2010 census. Hope Valley is the largest village in Hopkinton, and the town's principal commercial center. While the village of Hope Valley is located in Hopkinton, its ZIP Code, 02832, extends into the neighboring town of Richmond.

The central portion of the village was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004 as the Hope Valley Historic District. The 183-acre (74 ha) historic district includes 134 contributing buildings and three other contributing structures.
Johnny Moates
John Michael Moates (November 28, 1944 – July 9, 2018) was an American basketball player best known for his collegiate career at the University of Richmond between 1964–65 and 1966–67. A native of Richmond, Virginia, the 6-foot-1-inch (185 cm) point guard played for the Spiders for three seasons, the last two of which he was a First Team All-Southern Conference selection. In his senior season of 1966–67, Moates averaged 25.0 points per game to lead the conference in scoring and was subsequently named the Southern Conference Player of the Year.

In the 1967 NBA draft, the Cincinnati Royals selected him in the third round (138th overall) but he never played in a game in the league, choosing instead to coach on the University of Richmond men's basketball staff for six seasons.

Moates became a businessman in his later life. He died on July 9, 2018, following a brief illness.

University of Richmond
The University of Richmond (UR or U of R) is a private liberal arts college in Richmond, Virginia, United States. It is a primarily undergraduate, residential institution with approximately 3,900 undergraduate and graduate students in five schools: the School of Arts and Sciences; the E. Claiborne Robins School of Business; the Jepson School of Leadership Studies; the University of Richmond School of Law; and the School of Professional & Continuing Studies. It is classified among "Baccalaureate Colleges: Arts & Sciences Focus".

The university's athletics teams are known as the "Richmond Spiders," after the university's distinctive mascot. A participant in the U.S. Navy's V-12 Navy College Training Program during World War II, Richmond commissions U.S. Army officers through its ROTC program, which is partnered with Hampden-Sydney College and Longwood University in Farmville, Virginia.
Gold (crater)
Gold is a crater in the Oxia Palus quadrangle of Mars.  It was named after a town in Potter County, Pennsylvania in 1976.

Gold is famous as being one of several craters showing clear evidence that it was affected by floods of water from Ares Vallis on Mars.

CTX camera image

Enlargement showing Gold

Potter County, Pennsylvania
Potter County is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. As of the 2020 census, its population was 16,396, making it the fifth-least populous county in Pennsylvania. Its county seat is Coudersport. The county was created in 1804 and later organized in 1836. It is named after James Potter, who was a general from Pennsylvania in the Continental Army during the American Revolution. Due to its remoteness and natural environment, it has been nicknamed “God's Country”.

The county is part of the North Central Pennsylvania region of the state.
DPH5
Diphthine synthase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DPH5 gene.

This gene encodes a component of the diphthamide synthesis pathway. Diphthamide is a post-translationally modified histidine residue found only on translation elongation factor 2. It is conserved from archaebacteria to humans, and is targeted by diphtheria toxin and Pseudomonas exotoxin A to halt cellular protein synthesis.

The yeast and Chinese hamster homologs of this protein catalyze the trimethylation of the histidine residue on elongation factor 2, resulting in a diphthine moiety that is subsequently amidated to yield diphthamide. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Chinese hamster
The Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus or Cricetulus barabensis griseus) is a rodent in the genus Cricetulus of the subfamily Cricetidae that originated in the deserts of northern China and Mongolia. They are distinguished by an uncommonly long tail in comparison to other hamsters, most of whose tails are stubby. Chinese hamsters are primarily nocturnal; however, they will stay awake for brief periods, in between naps, throughout the day.
Evacuation Day (New York)
Evacuation Day on November 25 marks the day in 1783 when British forces evacuated New York City after the Treaty of Paris led to the end of the American Revolutionary War. In their wake, General George Washington led the Continental Army from his headquarters north of the city across the Harlem River and south through Manhattan to the Battery at its southern tip.

Harlem River
The Harlem River is an 8-mile (13 km) tidal strait in New York City, flowing between the Hudson River and the East River. It separates the island of Manhattan from the Bronx on the United States mainland.

The northern stretch, also called the Spuyten Duyvil ("spewing devil") Creek, has been significantly altered for navigation purposes. Originally it curved around the north of Marble Hill, but in 1895 the Harlem Ship Canal was dug between Manhattan and Marble Hill, and in 1914 the original course was filled in.
Pebbles, Volume 4
Pebbles, Volume 4 is a compilation album in the Pebbles series that has been issued in both LP and CD formats. Unlike other volumes in the series – which compile obscure garage rock and psychedelic rock music – Volume 4 collects rare examples of surf rock. The LP is subtitled Summer Means Fun, while the CD is subtitled Surf N Tunes.  Another Pebbles, Volume 4 was issued on CD a few years earlier by ESD Records and has completely different tracks.

The Trashmen
The Trashmen were an American rock band formed in Minneapolis in 1962 and are best known for their biggest hit, 1963's "Surfin' Bird", which reached No. 4 on the Billboard Hot 100. The original line-up of the group featured guitarists Tony Andreason and Dal Winslow, bassist Bob Reed, and drummer Steve Wahrer.

Along with Colorado-based contemporaries the Astronauts, the Trashmen have been described as "the premier landlocked Midwestern surf group of the '60s."  The band took their name from "Trashman's Blues", a song written and recorded in 1961 by Minneapolis musician Kai Ray (Richard Caire, 1935–2017), who later wrote songs for the band.
Salute to a Switchblade
"Salute to a Switchblade" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Tom T. Hall. It was released in June 1970 as the only single from the album, I Witness Life. The song peaked at number 8 on the U.S. country singles chart and at number 14 on the Canadian country singles chart.

Tom T. Hall
Thomas Hall (May 25, 1936 – August 20, 2021), known professionally as Tom T. Hall and informally nicknamed "the Storyteller", was an American country music singer-songwriter and short-story author. He wrote 12 number-one hit songs, with 26 more that reached the top 10, including the number-one international pop crossover hit "Harper Valley PTA", and "I Love", which reached number 12 on the Billboard Hot 100. He is included in Rolling Stone's list of 100 Greatest Songwriters. He was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 2008, and the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame alongside his wife Dixie in 2018.
A Night to Remember (U96 song)
"A Night to Remember" is a song recorded by German dance act U96, released in 1996 by Guppy label as the second single from the act's fourth album, Heaven (1996). The song was a top 20 hit in Austria and Finland, and a top 30 hit in Germany. On the Eurochart Hot 100, it reached number 66 in August 1996. A computer generated music video was produced to promote the single, directed by Paul Morgans. He had previously directed the videos for the act's hit singles "Club Bizarre" and "Heaven". In Pan-European magazine Music & Media's review of the parent album, "A Night to Remember" was described as "cheerful" and a potential future single.

European Hot 100 Singles
The European Hot 100 Singles was compiled by Billboard and Music & Media magazine from March 1984 until December 2010. The chart was based on national singles sales charts in 17 European countries: Austria, Belgium (two charts separately for Flanders and Wallonia), Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom.

By the issue dated/week ending November 13, 2010, the European Hot 100 had accumulated 400 number one hits. The final chart was published on December 11, 2010, following the news of Billboard closing their London office and letting their UK-based staff go. The final number one single on the chart was "Only Girl (in the World)" by Rihanna.
Jerry Golsteyn
Jerry Mark Golsteyn (born August 6, 1954) is an American former professional football player. Golsteyn played college football as quarterback at Northern Illinois University and was selected by the New York Giants in the 12th round of the 1976 NFL draft. He played in eight National Football League (NFL) seasons, from 1977 to 1984 for five different teams, the Giants, the Baltimore Colts, the Detroit Lions, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, and the Los Angeles Raiders. Golsteyn  also played a brief stint for the Orlando Americans in the American Football Association in 1981, becoming one of the few NFL-caliber players to play in that league. The fact that Golsteyn was a star in the league was occasionally used as a joke regarding the AFA's inability to sign marquee talent. He then played for the Orlando Renegades of the United States Football League (USFL) in 1985.

Northern Illinois University
Northern Illinois University (NIU) is a public research university in DeKalb, Illinois, United States. It was founded as "Northern Illinois State Normal School" in 1895 by Illinois Governor John P. Altgeld, initially to provide the state with college-educated teachers. In addition to the main campus in DeKalb, it has satellite centers in Chicago, Naperville, Rockford, and Oregon, Illinois.

The university is composed of seven degree-granting colleges and has a student body of approximately 16,000. NIU is one of seven public universities in Illinois that compete in NCAA Division I. The athletic teams are known as the Huskies and compete in the Mid-American Conference (MAC).
The Secret (opera)
The Secret (Czech: Tajemství) is a comic opera in three acts by Bedřich Smetana. The libretto was written by Eliška Krásnohorská. The premiere took place on 18 September 1878 at the Nové České Divadlo (New Czech Theatre) in Prague.

Jaroslav Krombholc
Jaroslav Krombholc (30 January 1918 – 16 July 1983) was a Czech conductor. He conducted operas at the National Theatre in Prague for almost his entire career and ranked among the most important Czech opera conductors.
Quinapril
Quinapril, sold under the brand name Accupril by the Pfizer corporation, is a medication used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension), heart failure, and diabetic kidney disease. It is a first line treatment for high blood pressure. It is taken by mouth.

Common side effects include headaches, dizziness, feeling tired, and cough. Serious side effects may include liver problems, low blood pressure, angioedema, kidney problems, and high blood potassium. Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended. It is among a class of drugs called ACE inhibitors and works by decreasing renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system activity.

Quinapril was patented in 1980 and came into medical use in 1989. It is available as a generic medication. In 2020, it was the 253rd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 1 million prescriptions.

Oral administration
Oral administration is a route of administration whereby a substance is taken through the mouth, swallowed, and then processed via the digestive system. This is a common route of administration for many medications.

Oral administration can be easier and less painful than other routes of administration, such as injection.  However, the onset of action is relatively low, and the effectiveness is reduced if it is not absorbed properly in the digestive system, or if it is broken down by digestive enzymes before it can reach the bloodstream. Some medications may cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea or vomiting, when taken orally. Oral administration can also only be applied to conscious patients, and patients able to swallow.
Dushkachan
Dushkachan (Russian: Душкачан; Buryat: Душукачан, Dushukachan) is a rural locality (a settlement) in Severo-Baykalsky District, Republic of Buryatia, Russia. The population was 68 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

Severo-Baykalsky District
Severo-Baykalsky District (Russian: Се́веро-Байка́льский райо́н; Buryat: Хойто-Байгалай аймаг, Khoito-Baigalai aimag) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-one in the Republic of Buryatia, Russia. It is located in the northeast of the republic. The area of the district is 54,000 square kilometers (21,000 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Nizhneangarsk. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 14,035, with the population of Nizhneangarsk accounting for 35.8% of that number.
Kenzi language
Kenzi, also known as Kenuzi, Kunuz, or Mattokki, is a Nubian language of Egypt. It is spoken north of Mahas in Egypt, and is closely related to Dongolawi or Andaandi, a Nubian language of Sudan. The two have historically been considered two varieties of one language. More recent research recognizes them as distinct languages without a "particularly close genetic relationship." With population displacement due to the Aswan High Dam there are communities of speakers in Lower Egypt. Recent linguistic research on the Kenzi language has been conducted by Ahmed Sokarno Abdel-Hafiz.

Kenzi is currently a threatened language that has about 35,000 native speakers worldwide. Ethnologue reports that the use of Kenzi is decreasing as the language is spoken by adults only and that all speakers are shifting to Egyptian Arabic.
Most speakers of Kenzi live in the city of Kom Ombo in the Aswan Governorate of Egypt.

Kom Ombo
Kom Ombo (Egyptian Arabic: كوم أمبو; Coptic: ⲙ̄ⲃⲱ əmbō or ⲛ̄ⲃⲱ ənbō; Ancient Greek: Ὄμβοι Omboi  or Ὄμβος Ombos; or Latin: Ambo and Ombi) is an agricultural town in Egypt famous for the Temple of Kom Ombo. It was originally an Egyptian city called Nubt, meaning City of Gold (not to be confused with the city north of Naqada that was also called Nubt/Ombos). Nubt is also known as Nubet or Nubyt (Nbyt). It became a Greek settlement during the Greco-Roman Period. The town's location on the Nile, 50 kilometres (31 mi) north of Aswan (Syene), gave it some control over trade routes from Nubia to the Nile Valley, but its main rise to prominence came with the erection of the Temple of Kom Ombo in the 2nd century BC.