hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jainism in Europe
The introduction of Jainism to the West is credited to a German scholar, Hermann Jacobi, who translated some Jain literature and published it in the series 'Sacred Books of East' in 1884.
In Europe, the largest Jain populations are in Britain, with a population of about 25,000 (as of 2006).

Jains living outside India belong to various traditions: Digambara, Śvetāmbara, Terapanthi, Sthanakvasi, Shrimad Rajchandra are all represented. In many cases, they gather and worship together in spite of sectarian differences.

Sthānakavāsī
Sthānakavāsī is a sect of Śvetāmbara Jainism which was created in the medieval era as a result of a misinterpretation of the Śvetāmbara canon. The Sthanakvasi, whose name refers to the sect’s preference for performing religious duties at a secular place such as a monks’ meeting house (sthanak) rather than at a temple, is different from the Murtipujaka sect in that it rejects idolatry. It believes that idol worship is not essential in the path of soul purification and attainment of Nirvana/Moksha. Sthānakavāsī accept thirty-two of the Jain Agamas, the Śvetāmbara canon, contending that the scriptures make no mention of idol worship and temples. However, since the original texts of the ancient Ardhamagadhi canon contain numerous references to idolatry in the past, they have, over time, also modified the 32 texts they accept, to establish their view.
Raffaele Mezzenga
Raffaele Mezzenga is an Italian soft matter scientist specializing in polymer physics, liquid crystals, protein aggregation and nanotechnology. He is a Full Professor at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), where he leads the Laboratory of Food and Soft Materials. His research is known for translating fundamental concepts of colloidal science and self-assembly into applications for environmental remediation, nutrition, and health technologies. He is a Fellow of the American Physical Society and is among the 0.1% most cited scientists according to the Clarivate 2023 Highly Cited Researchers list in the cross-field discipline.

Clarivate
Clarivate Plc is a British-American publicly traded analytics company that operates a collection of subscription-based services, in the areas of bibliometrics and scientometrics; business and market intelligence, and competitive profiling for pharmacy and biotech, patents, and regulatory compliance; trademark protection, and domain and brand protection. Clarivate calculates the impact factor of scientific journals, using data from its Web of Science product family, that also includes services and applications such as Publons, EndNote, and EndNote Click. Its other product families are Cortellis, DRG, CPA Global, Derwent, CompuMark, and Darts-ip, and also the various ProQuest products and services.

Clarivate was formed in 2016, following the acquisition of Thomson Reuters' Intellectual Property and Science business by Onex Corporation and Baring Private Equity Asia. Clarivate has acquired various companies since then, including, notably, ProQuest in 2021.
Cheng Jin
Cheng Jin (simplified Chinese: 程进; traditional Chinese: 程進; pinyin: Chéng Jìn; born 18 January 1995) is a Chinese professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Chinese Super League club Zhejiang FC and the China national team.

China national football team
The China national football team (simplified Chinese: 中国国家足球队; traditional Chinese: 中國國家足球隊; pinyin: Zhōngguó guójiā zúqiú duì), recognised as China PR by FIFA, represents China in men's international association football and is governed by the Chinese Football Association (CFA).

China won the EAFF East Asian Cup in 2005 and 2010, was runner-up at the AFC Asian Cup in 1984 and 2004, and made its sole FIFA World Cup appearance in 2002, losing all matches without scoring a goal.
Amorous Anathema
Amorous Anathema is the debut studio album by the Swedish melodic black metal band Embraced released in 1998 on Regain Records. It was recorded in November 1997 at Studio Fredman and mastered at Masteringroom. In 2003 Regain Records re-released the album with two bonus tracks recorded during the Within session.

Blackened death metal
Blackened death metal (also known as black death metal) is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal that fuses elements of black metal and death metal.

The genre emerged in early 1990s when black metal bands began incorporating elements of death metal and vice versa. The genre typically employs death growls, tremolo picking, blast beats, and Satanic lyrics and imagery. Bands of the genre typically employ corpse paint, which was adapted from black metal.
Konjević Polje
Konjević Polje (Serbian Cyrillic: Коњевић Поље) is a village in the municipality of Bratunac, in the Drina Valley of northeastern Bosnia and Herzegovina. It practically merged with the neighboring village of Konjevići.

Podrinje
Podrinje (Serbian Cyrillic: Подриње) is the Slavic name of the Drina river basin, known in English as the Drina Valley. The Drina basin is shared between Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia, with majority of its territory being located in Eastern Bosnia, entire Upper Drina course and majority of the Middle course, while the Lower Drina course is shared between two countries, with the river representing border. The part of the Drina basin located in Bosnia and Herzegovina is also called Eastern Bosnia.
Arifi
Arifi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Parwana Arifi (born 1991), Kabul Afghanistan Para powerlifting athlete.

Ahmed Arifi Pasha (1819 or 1830–1895/96), Ottoman statesman

Doni Arifi (born 2002), Finnish footballer

Mohamad al-Arifi (born  1970), Saudi author and scholar

Shpejtim Arifi (born 1979), Kosovar Albanian footballer

Teuta Arifi (born 1969), Macedonian Politician

Doni Arifi
Doni Arifi (born 11 April 2002) is a Finnish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for German 2. Bundesliga club Greuther Fürth. He represented Kosovo on youth level internationally in the past.
Explodera
"Explodera" is a song written and recorded by Staffan Hellstrand, acting as official fight song for the Sweden men's national team during the 2000 UEFA European Soccer Championship in Belgium and the Netherlands. The single peaked at number eight on the Swedish Singles Chart, and also appeared on the 2000 compilation album Staffan Hellstrands bästa.

The song also charted at Trackslistan for six weeks between 6 May-10 June 2000, peaking at number six. The song also received a Svensktoppen test on 27 May 2000, but failed to enter the chart.

In 2004, the song was recorded by Fässbergs IF.

Sverigetopplistan
Sverigetopplistan (Swedish: [ˈsvæ̂rjɛˌtɔpːlɪstan], lit. "the Sweden top list") is the Swedish national record chart, based on sales data from IFPI Sverige.  It was formerly known as Topplistan (1975–1997) and Hitlistan (1998–2007) and has been known by its current name since October 2007. Before Topplistan, music sales in Sweden were recorded by Kvällstoppen, whose weekly chart was a combined albums and singles list.
Passagen (web portal)
Passagen is a Swedish web portal started in 1994 by Ken Ceder, Lars-Erik Eriksson and Mattias Söderhielm at Telia, and was launched in October 1995. Until 1999, it was Sweden's second largest web site. It provides the hosting of blogs and homepages, forums, chat, and free e-mail and profile pages. The most recent addition is a quiz application.

Between 1998 and 2001 Passagen was owned by the Norwegian media company Schibsted. Since 2001 it has been owned by Eniro Sverige AB.

In November, 2022 the domain and business was acquired by Data-World GmbH, with the aim to focus the business on fintech and the gaming industry.

Eniro
Eniro AB  is a Nordic tech company that helps small and medium-sized companies with digital marketing. Eniro also has a search service that aggregates, filters and presents information to help individuals find and come into contact with each other and with companies. The company has about 1,100 employees and operates in Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Finland through the local domains eniro.se, gulesider.no, krak.dk and degulesider.dk, and each week, Eniro Group’s digital services have about 5.2 million unique visitors. Eniro is listed on Nasdaq Stockholm [ENRO] and its head office is located in Stockholm.

Eniro is Esperanto and means access.
Oberea histrionis
Oberea histrionis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Maurice Pic in 1917. It is known from Hungary, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Moldova, Austria, and Ukraine. It feeds on Euphorbia lucida.

Oberea histrionis measures between 13 and 19 mm (0.51 and 0.75 in).

Maurice Pic
Maurice Pic (23 March 1866, in Marrigny near Digoin – 29 December 1957, in Les Guerreaux) was a French entomologist who specialised in Coleoptera. He contributed to Mary-Louis Fauconnet's Catalogue raisonné des coléoptères de Saône-et-Loire (Le Creusot, Martet, 1887) and wrote many short papers, many in L'Échange, Revue Linnéenne describing world beetles. His most important work was for Sigmund Schenkling's still very relevant Coleopterorum Catalogus.

Pic's collection is in the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris.
Ernest Somers-Smith
Ernest Somers-Smith (8 November 1895 – 2 April 1950) was an English first-class cricketer whose career spanned a single week in 1921, during which he played twice for Worcestershire. He did very little in those games, making 2 and 22 against Essex at Leyton and then 2 and 7 against Derbyshire at Worcester.

He was born in Ecclesall, Sheffield and died aged 54 in Odsal, Bradford, Yorkshire. His name was registered at both birth and death as Ernest Somers Smith with no hyphen.

Odsal
Odsal is an area of the City of Bradford, West Yorkshire.

Odsal Stadium is currently the home of Bradford rugby league club and YorStox F1 and F2 stock cars. The Richard Dunn Sports Centre is named after the boxer who lived in Bradford at the time of his 1976 bout against Muhammad Ali.
Khangura, Phagwara
Khangura  is a village in Phagwara tehsil in Kapurthala district of Punjab State, India. It is located 38 kilometres (24 mi) from Kapurthala and 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) from Phagwara. The village is administrated by a Sarpanch who is an elected representative of village.

Phagwara
Phagwara (Punjabi: [pʰɐgɐʋaːɽaː]; ISO: Phagawāṛā) is a city and a municipal corporation in the Kapurthala district of Punjab, India. It is located 40 kilometres (25 mi) from the district headquarters of Kapurthala, and 124 kilometres (77 mi) from the state capital, Chandigarh. Phagwara is known for its production of sugar, glucose, starch, fine fabric, preet's paints, and auto parts. It is locally known for the Shri Hanuman Garhi Temple.
Jô
João Alves de Assis Silva (born 20 March 1987), known as Jô (Brazilian Portuguese: [ʒo]) or João Alves, is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a forward.

He has previously played for Corinthians, CSKA Moscow, Manchester City, Everton, Galatasaray, Internacional, Atlético Mineiro and Nagoya Grampus. Jô made his full international debut for Brazil in 2007, and was in the squads which took bronze at the 2008 Olympics and won the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup, and also played at the 2014 FIFA World Cup.

Campeonato Paulista
The Campeonato Paulista Série A1, commonly known as Campeonato Paulista, nicknamed Paulistão, is the top-flight professional state football league in the Brazilian state of São Paulo. Run by the São Paulo State Football Federation (FPF), the league is contested by 16 clubs and typically lasts from January to April. Rivalries amongst four of the best-known Brazilian teams (Corinthians, Palmeiras, Santos and São Paulo) have marked the history of the competition. The Campeonato Paulista is the oldest established league in Brazil, being held since 1902 and professionally since 1933.
Môtiers NE railway station
Môtiers NE railway station (French: Gare de Môtiers NE) is a railway station in the municipality of Val-de-Travers, in the Swiss canton of Neuchâtel. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Travers–Buttes line of Transports publics Neuchâtelois.

Travers–Buttes railway
The Travers–Buttes railway is a railway line in the Swiss canton of Neuchâtel. It was built by the Régional du Val-de-Travers (RVT), officially the Compagnie du Chemin de fer Régional du Val-de-Travers (Val-de-Travers Regional Railway Company), which operated an almost 14 km-long Y-shaped RVT line from Travers via Fleurier to St-Sulpice and Buttes. Today the line is owned and operated by the Transports publics Neuchâtelois.
2023 Big Ten Wrestling Championships – 149 lbs
The 149-pound competition at the 2023 Big Ten Wrestling Championships in Ann Arbor, Michigan, took place from March 4–5, 2023 at the Crisler Center.

The competition consisted of a triple-elimination tournament to determine the top ten wrestlers of the Big Ten's 149-pound weight class. The top nine wrestlers would qualify for the 2023 NCAA Division I Wrestling Championships.

Crisler Center
Crisler Center (formerly known as the University Events Building and Crisler Arena) is an indoor basketball arena located on the campus of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. It serves as the home arena for the men's and women's basketball teams, as well as the women's gymnastics team at the university.
Neath's Love Story: Post Angkor Youth
Neath's Love Story (Khmer: ប្រវត្តិស្នេហ៍នាងនាថ, Pro Wat Sneh Neang Neath; transl. Neath's Love Story) is a 2024 Cambodian romance comedy film directed by Leak Lyda and written by Diep Sovanndara.

The first Khmer film to be produced  has three sequel completed at a cost of $1 million.

Leak Lyda
Leak Lyda (Khmer: លៀក លីដា; born July 3, 1983) is a Cambodian film director, LD Entertainment KH's CEO and Angkor DC. Best known for his feature The Clock: Spirits Awakening, Rent Boy (2023 film) and The Night Curse of Reatrei.
Salakhed
Salakhed (Arabic: صلاخد) is a village situated in the Shahba District of Suwayda Governorate, in southern Syria. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Salakhed had a population of 950 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Druze.

Shahba District
Shahba District (Arabic: منطقة شهبا, romanized: manṭiqat Šahbā) is a district of the Sweida Governorate in southern Syria. The administrative centre is the city of Shahba. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 72,264.
45 Commando
45 Commando Royal Marines (pronounced "four-five commando") is a battalion sized unit of the British Royal Marines and subordinate unit within UK Commando Force, the principal Commando formation, under the Operational Command of the Fleet Commander.

Tasked as a Commando amphibious unit, 45 Cdo RM is capable of a wide range of operational tasks. Based at RM Condor, their barracks in Arbroath, personnel regularly deploy outside the United Kingdom on operations or training.

All personnel have completed the Commando course at the Commando Training Centre at Lympstone in Devon, entitling them to wear the green beret, with attached personnel having completed the All Arms Commando Course.

Fleet Commander
Fleet Commander is a senior Royal Navy post, responsible for the operation, resourcing and training of the ships, submarines and aircraft, and personnel, of the Naval Service. The vice-admiral incumbent is required to provide ships, submarines and aircraft ready for operations, and is based at Navy Command Headquarters.

The post was created in April 2012 following a reorganisation of the Royal Navy and a re-designation of the former role of Commander-in-Chief Fleet.
Campbellstown, Ohio
Campbellstown (also Florence, Florence Station) is an unincorporated community in Jackson Township, Preble County, Ohio United States. The community is served by National Trail High School and the National Trail Local School District.

Jackson Township, Preble County, Ohio
Jackson Township is one of the twelve townships of Preble County, Ohio, United States.  The 2020 census found 1,141 people within the township. The Jackson community is served by National Trail High School and the National Trail Local School District. Interstate 70 runs along the northern part of the township.
Polyetherketones
Polyetherketones (PEK for short) are polymers whose molecular backbone contain alternating ketone (R-CO-R) and Ether (R-O-R) functionalities. The most common are Polyaryletherketones (PAEK), in which there is an aryl group linked in the (1–4)-position between each of the functional groups. The backbone, which is thus very rigid, gives the materials very high glass transition and melting temperatures compared to other plastics.

Polyaryletherketone
Polyaryletherketone (PAEK) is a family of semi-crystalline thermoplastics with high-temperature stability and high mechanical strength  whose molecular backbone contains alternately ketone (R-CO-R) and ether groups (R-O-R). The linking group R between the functional groups consists of a 1,4-substituted aryl group.
Susan Grant Lewin
Susan Grant Lewin is an American collector, journalist, communications executive, and advocate for contemporary design. She is best known for her influential collection of contemporary art jewelry and her collection of architectural drawings. Works from her collections have been exhibited internationally and donated to institutions including the Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum, the Yale University Art Gallery, the SCAD Museum of Art, and the Lowe Art Museum.

Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum
Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum is a design museum at the Andrew Carnegie Mansion in Manhattan, New York City, along the Upper East Side's Museum Mile. It is one of 19 Smithsonian Institution museums and one of three Smithsonian facilities located in New York City, along with the National Museum of the American Indian's George Gustav Heye Center in Bowling Green and the Archives of American Art New York Research Center in the Flatiron District. Unlike other Smithsonian museums, Cooper Hewitt charges an admissions fee. It is the only museum in the United States devoted to historical and contemporary design. Its collections and exhibitions explore design aesthetic and creativity from throughout the United States' history.
Rafael Mayoral
Rafael "Rafa" Mayoral Perales (born 1974) is a Spanish politician, lawyer and activist. A member of Podemos, he has served as MP in the 11th, 12th and 13th terms of the Congress of Deputies representing Madrid.

Unidas Podemos
Unidas Podemos (Spanish: [uˈniðas poˈðemos]), formerly called Unidos Podemos (Spanish: [uˈniðos poˈðemos]) and also known in English as United We Can, was a democratic socialist electoral alliance formed by Podemos, United Left, and other left-wing to far-left parties in May to contest the 2016 Spanish general election. The alliance's official pre-agreement was announced on 9 May 2016 after weeks of negotiations. It was re-styled to the feminine form of its name ahead of the April 2019 Spanish general election.

Part of the anti-austerity and anti-globalization movements, it advocated direct democracy, federalism, and republicanism in Spain. After the November 2019 Spanish general election, it formed a coalition government with the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party.
Muthaiga Country Club
The Mūthaiga Country Club is a country club in Nairobi, Kenya. It is located in the suburb of Muthaiga, about 15 minutes’ drive from the city centre.

The Mūthaiga Country Club opened on New Year's Eve in 1913, and became a gathering place for the colonial British settlers in British East Africa, which became the Colony of Kenya in 1920.

Beryl Markham
Beryl Markham (born Clutterbuck; 26 October 1902 – 3 August 1986) was an aviator born in England (one of the first bush pilots), adventurer, racehorse trainer and author. She was the first person to fly solo, non-stop across the Atlantic from Britain to North America. She wrote about her adventures in her memoir, West with the Night. She lived for many years in Kenya, where she died.
Jerry Cronin
Jeremiah Cronin (14 September 1925 – 19 October 1990) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician who served as Minister for Defence from 1970 to 1973 and Parliamentary Secretary for Agriculture and Fisheries from 1969 to 1970. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Cork North-East constituency from 1965 to 1981 and a Member of the European Parliament (MEP) for the Munster constituency from 1979 to 1984.

He was born in Currabeha, Fermoy, County Cork, the son of Alice Mulcahy and Sean Cronin. His uncle, Arthur Mulcahy, was a member of the Irish Republican Army, and was shot by British forces during the Irish War of Independence on 22 March 1921. Cronin died on 19 October 1990, having suffered with Parkinson's disease. He was married to Shelia Sheehan; they had lived in Mallow, County Cork, and had six children.

Munster (European Parliament constituency)
Munster was a European Parliament constituency in Ireland between 1979 and 2004. It elected five Members of the European Parliament (MEPs) in the elections of 1979, 1984 and 1989 and four MEPs in the 1994 and 1999 elections on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).
Petr Svoboda (hurdler)
Petr Svoboda (Czech pronunciation: [ˈpɛtr̩ ˈsvoboda]; born 10 October 1984 in Třebíč) is a Czech track and field athlete, competing in the sprint hurdles. He holds national records in both 110 metres hurdles (13.27, 2010) and 60 metres hurdles (7.44, 2010). On 6 March he won a bronze medal at the 2009 European Indoor Championships in Turin.

2009 European Athletics Indoor Championships
The 2009 European Athletics Indoor Championships was held in Turin, Italy, from Friday, 6 March to Sunday, 8 March 2009. The championships took place at the Oval Lingotto indoor arena which has a seating capacity of 6,700 people.

It was the fourth time that the championships were held in Italy.
Outline of the psychiatric survivors movement
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the psychiatric survivors movement:

Psychiatric survivors movement – diverse association of individuals who are either currently clients of mental health services, or who consider themselves survivors of interventions by psychiatry, or who identify themselves as ex-patients of mental health services. The movement typically campaigns for more choice and improved services, for empowerment and user-led alternatives, and against the prejudices they face in society.

National Empowerment Center
The National Empowerment Center (NEC) is an advocacy and peer-support organization in the United States that promotes an empowerment-based recovery model of mental disorders. It is run by consumers/survivors/ex-patients "in recovery" and is located in Lawrence, Massachusetts in Essex County.