hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1925 Chilean constitutional referendum
A constitutional referendum was held in Chile on 30 August 1925. Voters were offered a choice of two draft constitutions; one prepared by a subcommission and supported by President Arturo Alessandri, and the other prepared by Congress. A large majority voted for the version supported by Alessandri and the resulting constitution provided a period of stability and a reduction in the power of the previous conservative oligarchy.

Arturo Alessandri
Arturo Fortunato Alessandri Palma (Latin American Spanish: [aɾˈtuɾo foɾtu'nato aleˈsandɾi ˈpalma]; December 20, 1868 – August 24, 1950) was a Chilean political figure and reformer who served thrice as president of Chile, first from 1920 to 1924, then from March to October 1925, and finally from 1932 to 1938. He was a member of the Liberal Party.
Kvaevefjellet Mountain
Kvaevefjellet Mountain (71°52′S 14°27′E﻿ / ﻿71.867°S 14.450°E﻿ / -71.867; 14.450) is an elongated mountain, about 6 miles (10 km) long and surmounted by Mount Fučík, which has been eroded by the ice into a series of spurs that enclose small cirques, standing at the north end of the Payer Mountains in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica. It was discovered and plotted from air photos by the Third German Antarctic Expedition, 1938–39. It was replotted from air photos and surveys, and named, by the Sixth Norwegian Antarctic Expedition, 1956–60. Aurkvaevane Cirques, a set of three cirques, indents the bottom of the mountain.

German Antarctic Expedition (1938–1939)
The German Antarctic Expedition of 1938–1939 was led by Kriegsmarine captain Alfred Ritscher (1879–1963) and was the third official Antarctic expedition of the German Reich, by order of the "Commissioner for the Four Year Plan" Hermann Göring. Prussian State Councilor Helmuth Wohlthat was mandated with planning and preparation.

The expedition's main objective was of economic nature, in particular the establishment of a whaling station and the acquisition of fishing grounds for a German whaling fleet in order to reduce the Reich's dependence on the import of industrial oils, fats and dietary fats. Preparations took place under strict secrecy as the enterprise was also tasked to make a feasibility assessment for a future occupation of Antarctic territory in the region between 20 ° West and 20 ° East.
1st Division (Japan)
The 1st Division (第1師団, Dai-Ichi Shidan) is one of nine active divisions of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force. The division is subordinated to the Eastern Army and is headquartered at Camp Nerima in Nerima, Tokyo. Its responsibility is the defense of Tokyo and the Chiba, Ibaraki, Kanagawa, Saitama, Shizuoka and Yamanashi prefectures.

Eastern Army (Japan)
The Eastern Army (東部方面隊, Tōbu Hōmentai) is one of five active Armies of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force headquartered at Camp Asaka in Asaka, Saitama Prefecture. Its responsibility is the defense of the Kantō and the Northern half of the Chūbu region.
Diia
Diia (Ukrainian: Дія [ˈd⁽ʲ⁾ijɐ] ⓘ, lit. 'Action'; also an acronym for Держава і Я, Derzhava i Ya, IPA: [derˈʒɑwɐ i ˈjɑ], lit. 'State and Me') is a mobile app, a web portal and a brand of e-governance in Ukraine.

Launched in 2020, the Diia app allows Ukrainian citizens to use digital documents on their smartphones instead of physical ones for identification and sharing purposes. The Diia portal allows access to over 130 government services. Eventually, the government plans to make all kinds of state-person interactions available through Diia.

Diia was built in partnership with the United States and is poised to be shared with other countries. On the sidelines of the 2023 World Economic Forum in Davos, USAID Administrator Samantha Power said the US hopes to replicate the success of Diia in other countries.

E-governance
Electronic governance or e-governance is the use of information technology to provide government services, information exchange, communication transactions, and integration of different stand-alone systems between government to citizen (G2C), government to business (G2B), government to government (G2G), government to employees (G2E), and back-office processes and interactions within the entire governance framework. Through IT, citizens can access government services through e-governance. The government, citizens, and businesses/interest groups are the three primary target groups that can be identified in governance concepts.
KBEB
KBEB (92.5 FM) is a Commercial radio station in Sacramento, California, calling itself "92.5 The Breeze".  It is owned by iHeartMedia and airs a soft adult contemporary format. KBEB carries the syndicated Delilah call-in and request show in the evening.

KBEB has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 50,000 watts. The studios are in North Sacramento near Arden Fair Mall and the transmitter is off West Delano Street in Elverta.  KBEB broadcasts using HD Radio technology.  The HD2 digital subchannel airs iHeartMedia's bilingual soft AC "Magic" format.

Digital subchannel
In broadcasting, digital subchannels are a method of transmitting more than one independent program stream simultaneously from the same digital radio or television station on the same radio frequency channel. This is done by using data compression techniques to reduce the size of each individual program stream, and multiplexing to combine them into a single signal. The practice is sometimes called "multicasting".
Dmitriy Simashev
Dmitriy Olegovich Simashev (Russian: Дмитрий Олегович Симашев; born 4 February 2005) is a Russian professional ice hockey player who is a defenceman for the Tucson Roadrunners in the American Hockey League (AHL) as a prospect to the Utah Mammoth of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted sixth overall by the Arizona Coyotes, the Mammoth's previous incarnation, in the 2023 NHL entry draft.

Tucson Roadrunners
The Tucson Roadrunners are a professional ice hockey team based in Tucson, Arizona. They are the American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate of the National Hockey League's (NHL) Utah Mammoth. They play their home games at the Tucson Convention Center.

In April 2016, the Arizona Coyotes announced they would relocate their AHL affiliate, the Springfield Falcons, to Tucson ahead of the 2016–17 season. Following the 2023–24 season, the Coyotes were deactivated by the NHL, and their operations were transferred to a new team in Utah. Owner Alex Meruelo was given a five-year window to reactivate the Coyotes if a new arena was secured, but he abandoned the plan after a land auction was canceled. The Roadrunners announced they would remain in Tucson as the AHL affiliate for the Mammoth, with Meruelo retaining his ownership of the Roadrunners.
Khoshkabad, Yazd
Khoshkabad (Persian: خشك اباد, also Romanized as Khoshkābād) is a village in Aliabad Rural District, in the Central District of Taft County, Yazd Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 107, in 31 families.

Yazd province
Yazd province (Persian: استان یزد) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran and is in the center of the country. Its capital is the city of Yazd. In 2014, it was placed in Region 5. The province has an area of 76,469 km2.
Rokamlova
Upa Rokamlova (30 May 1941 – 1 July 2020) was an Indian National Congress politician from Mizoram. He was a Speaker of the Mizoram Legislative Assembly from 1990 to 1993. He was admitted to the Ebenezer Medical Centre in Aizawl on May 12, suffering from a kidney disorder. He died on July 1, aged 79.

Mizoram Legislative Assembly
The Mizoram Legislative Assembly is the unicameral state legislature of Mizoram in India. The seat of the Legislative Assembly is at Aizawl, the capital of the state. The Legislative Assembly is composed of 40 members, who are directly elected from single-seat constituencies. The current legislature was elected in 2023 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election, and its term will last until 2028.
Basketball at the 1968 Summer Olympics
Basketball contests at the 1968 Summer Olympics was the seventh appearance of the sport of basketball as an official Olympic medal event. It took place at the Palacio de los Deportes in Mexico City, Mexico from October 13 to October 25, 1968. The United States defeated Yugoslavia to win their seventh consecutive gold medal in this sport, while the Soviet Union earned the bronze against Brazil.

The Americans' record of seven basketball gold medals in a row was matched by their women's team in 2021 when they won the 2020 Olympics, and then broken in 2024.

Soviet Union men's national basketball team
The Soviet Union men's national basketball team (Russian: Сбо́рная СССР по баскетболу, romanized: sbórnaya SSSR po basketbolu) was the national basketball team that represented the Soviet Union in international competitions. After the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, the successor countries all set up their own national teams.

Based on the number of medals, the basketball program of the former Soviet Union remains one of the most successful in the history of international basketball competitions, behind that of the United States but ahead of Spain.
Sonatas (film)
Sonatas is a 1959 Mexican-Spanish historical drama film directed by Juan Antonio Bardem and starring María Félix, Francisco Rabal and Aurora Bautista. It premiered at the Venice Film Festival. It is based on novels written by the Spanish author Ramón del Valle-Inclán.

The film's sets were designed by the art directors Francisco Canet and Gunther Gerszo. Some location shooting took place in Galicia as well as various locations around Mexico. The film was shot in Eastmancolor.

20th Venice International Film Festival
The 20th annual Venice International Film Festival was held from 23 August to 6 September 1959.

Italian film critic Luigi Chiarini was the Jury President for the main competition. The Golden Lion was awarded to The Great War directed by Mario Monicelli and General della Rovere directed by Roberto Rossellini.
Danwood, South Carolina
Danwood is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Florence County, South Carolina, United States. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census with a population of 453.

The CDP is in central Florence County, along U.S. Routes 301 and 52, 8 miles (13 km) south of Florence and 1.5 miles (2.4 km) north of Effingham.

U.S. Route 52
U.S. Route 52 (US 52) is a major U.S. Highway in the Central United States that extends from the northern to southeastern region of the United States. Contrary to most other even-numbered U.S. Highways, US 52 primarily follows a northwest–southeast route, and it is signed north–south or east–west depending on the local orientation of the route. The highway's northwestern terminus is in Portal, North Dakota, at the Canadian border, where it continues as Saskatchewan Highway 39. Its southeastern terminus is in Charleston, South Carolina, at Number 2 Meeting Street and White Point Garden along the Charleston Harbor.
GESTALT
Genome editing of synthetic target arrays for lineage tracing (GESTALT) is a method used to determine the developmental lineages of cells in multicellular systems. GESTALT involves introducing a small DNA barcode that contains regularly spaced CRISPR/Cas9 target sites into the genomes of progenitor cells. Alongside the barcode, Cas9 and sgRNA are introduced into the cells. Mutations in the barcode accumulate during the course of cell divisions and the unique combination of mutations in a cell's barcode can be determined by DNA or RNA sequencing to link it to a developmental lineage.

Cas9
Cas9 (CRISPR-associated protein 9, formerly Cas5, Csn1, or Csx12) is a DNA cutting enzyme that is part of the CRISPR immune system in bacteria and archaea. It has been adapted to be used as a CRISPR genome editing tool that enables targeted modification of DNA sequences and permanently changes a cell’s genome.

The CRISPR-Cas9 system is widely used in genetic engineering, medicine, agriculture, and biotechnology. Cas9 introduces site-specific double-stranded breaks in DNA, enabling gene inactivation, removal, or insertion through cellular repair mechanisms such as non-homologous end joining or homologous recombination. Variants of Cas9, including Cas9 nickase (Cas9n), that create single-strand breaks, and versions recognizing different PAM sequences, have been developed to address limitations in CRISPR-Cas9 editing.

The development of CRISPR-Cas9 technology has raised ethical and regulatory concerns, particularly regarding human germline editing and genetic enhancement.
Fondazione Prada
Fondazione Prada, co-chaired by Miuccia Prada and Patrizio Bertelli since 1995, is an institution dedicated to contemporary art and culture.
From 1993 to 2010, the Fondazione has organised 24 solo shows at its exhibition spaces in Milan, conceived as dialogues with acclaimed contemporary artists. In 2015, the Fondazione Prada opened a new, permanent facility in Milan.

Miuccia Prada
Miuccia Bianchi Prada (Italian: [ˈmjuttʃa ˈpraːda, miˈu-]; born Maria Bianchi [maˈriːa ˈbjaŋki] on 10 May 1948) is an Italian billionaire fashion designer and businesswoman. She is the head designer of Prada and the founder of its subsidiary Miu Miu. As of October 2021, Forbes estimated her net worth at US$4.8 billion. In August 2021, Bloomberg estimated her net worth to be $6.6 billion, ranking 430th in the world.

The youngest granddaughter of Mario Prada, Miuccia Prada took over the family-owned luxury goods manufacturer in 1978. Since then, the company has acquired Jil Sander, Helmut Lang and shoemaker Church & Co. In 2002, Prada opened her own contemporary art museum.

In March 2013, Prada was named one of the fifty best dressed over-50s by Forbes. The magazine listed her as the 75th most powerful woman in the world in 2014, when she had an estimated net worth of $11.1 billion.
John Morrow (footballer)
John James Morrow (born 20 November 1971) is a Northern Irish former footballer who played as a forward. Born in Belfast, he played professionally for Linfield, Rangers, Oldham Athletic and Greenock Morton. He also had a trial at Manchester United in October 1987, shortly before his 16th birthday.

Greenock Morton F.C.
Greenock Morton Football Club is a Scottish professional football club, which plays in the Scottish Championship. The club was founded as Morton Football Club in 1874, making it one of the oldest Scottish clubs. Morton was renamed Greenock Morton in 1994 to celebrate the links with its home town of Greenock.

Morton won the Scottish Cup in 1922, and achieved its highest league finish in 1916–17, as runners-up to champions Celtic. Morton holds the record for the most promotions to and relegations from the top flight (10 promotions and 10 relegations), but has not competed in the top flight of the Scottish football league system since 1988. In 2014–15, Morton won its tenth league title in all divisions by winning the Scottish League One championship on the final day.
Triune mind, triune brain
Triune mind, triune brain is a theoretical model developed by Canadian Buddhist scholar Suwanda H. J. Sugunasiri. It follows upon his clarification of the three terms used by the Buddha for consciousness, namely,  Mano, Citta and Viññāṇa as can be seen in his work on the triune mind. Looking into the fields of Pali Buddhism, neuroscience, anthropology, linguistics, and embryology, among others, the overall thrust of this research moves toward a formalization and scientific refinement, done by assimilating functions of the mind as known in the Sutta and the Abhidamma with structures of the brain according to evolutionary biology.

Suwanda H. J. Sugunasiri
Suwanda H. J. Sugunasiri (known as Suwanda Sugunasiri) is a Canadian academic, educator, Buddhist monk, author, journalist and poet.  He is a former education professor at the University of Ontario Institute of Technology in Oshawa, Ontario, and the founder of the now-defunct Nalanda College of Buddhist Studies (Canada) in Toronto.
Generation Terrorists
Generation Terrorists is the debut studio album by Welsh alternative rock band Manic Street Preachers, released on 10 February 1992 by Columbia Records.

On the back of significant media attention and a "disproportionately high press profile" generated by the band's previously released single "Motown Junk" from 1991, Generation Terrorists was long-awaited by critics thanks to the members' proclamation that their debut would be the "greatest rock album ever" and sell around sixteen million copies around the world, "from Bangkok to Senegal". Recorded between July and December 1991 and released in February 1992, the album did not meet these sales figures but it was nonetheless ultimately certified Gold in the United Kingdom and also charted within the Top 100 in Japan.

Sean Moore (musician)
Sean Anthony Moore (born 30 July 1968) is a Welsh musician and songwriter. He is best known for being the drummer and occasional trumpet-player of the Welsh alternative rock band Manic Street Preachers. He is cousin to bandmate James Dean Bradfield.
A Hoàng
A Hoàng (born 31 July 1995) is a Vietnamese footballer who plays as a centre-back for V.League 1 club Hoàng Anh Gia Lai.

A Hoàng came through the youth system at Hoang Anh Gia Lai before graduating to the first team in 2016. He has had loan spells at Phu Yen and SHB Da Nang.

A Hoàng made his senior international debut for the Vietnam in March 2017.

Phu Yen FC
Phú Yên Football Club (Vietnamese: Câu lạc bộ bóng đá Phú Yên) is a professional football club, based in Tuy Hòa, Phú Yên, Vietnam, that plays in the Vietnamese Third Division, the fourth tier of Vietnamese football.
Barque sortant du port
Barque sortant du port (also known as Boat Leaving the Port) is an 1895 French short black-and-white silent film directed and produced by Louis Lumière.

The film consists of a single shot of a boat leaving the port, being rowed into rough seas by three men. This scene is observed by two women and children who are standing on a nearby jetty.

Auguste and Louis Lumière
The Lumière brothers (UK: /ˈluːmiɛər/, US: /ˌluːmiˈɛər/; French: [lymjɛːʁ]), Auguste Marie Louis Nicolas Lumière (19 October 1862 – 10 April 1954) and Louis Jean Lumière (5 October 1864 – 6 June 1948), were French manufacturers of photography equipment, best known for their Cinématographe motion picture system and the short films they produced between 1895 and 1905, which places them among the earliest filmmakers.

Their screening of a single film on 22 March 1895, for around 200 members of the Société d'encouragement pour l'industrie nationale (Society for the Development of the National Industry) in Paris was probably the first presentation of projected film. Their first commercial public screening on 28 December 1895, for around 40 paying visitors and invited relations has traditionally been regarded as the birth of cinema.
1975 Taça de Portugal final
The 1975 Taça de Portugal final was the final match of the 1974–75 Taça de Portugal, the 35th season of the Taça de Portugal, the premier Portuguese football cup competition organized by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF). The match was played on 14 June 1975 at the Estádio José Alvalade in Lisbon, and opposed two Primeira Liga sides: Benfica and Boavista. Boavista defeated Benfica 2–1 to claim the Taça de Portugal for a first time.

Estádio José Alvalade (1956)
Estádio José Alvalade was a multi-purpose stadium in Lisbon, Portugal. At its heyday, the stadium was able to hold 75,000 people (with oral anecdotes recalling the stadium with over 85,000 at the 1993-94 UEFA Cup Second round tie against Celtic Glasgow) between the 1980s and late 1990s, but later its capacity was shortened to 52,411 people. It was inaugurated on 10 June 1956. Home venue of the football team of Sporting Clube de Portugal (Sporting CP) for 47 years, it was mostly used for football matches, but was also used for athletics and cycling. It was the first stadium in Portugal to be equipped with a lighting system that allowed for night-time activities. Designed by architects António Augusto Sá da Costa and Anselmo Fernandez, it was named after Sporting CP's founder José Alfredo Holtreman Roquette, known as José Alvalade. The stadium was closed in 2003, when the new Estádio José Alvalade designed by Tomás Taveira opened.
Euler filter
In computer graphics, an Euler filter is a filter intended to prevent gimbal lock and related discontinuities in animation data sets in which rotation is expressed in terms of Euler angles.

These discontinuities are caused by the existence of many-to-one mappings between the Euler angle parameterization of the set of 3D rotations. This allows the data set to flip between different Euler angle combinations which correspond to a single 3D rotation, which, although remaining continuous in the space of rotation, are discontinuous in the Euler angle parameter space.

The Euler filter chooses on a sample-by-sample basis between the possible Euler angle representations of each 3D rotation in the data set in such a way as to preserve the continuity of the Euler angle time series, without changing the actual 3D rotations.

Euler filtering is available in a number of 3D animation packages.

Filter (software)
A filter is a computer program or subroutine to process a stream, producing another stream. While a single filter can be used individually, they are frequently strung together to form a pipeline.

Some operating systems such as Unix are rich with filter programs. Windows 7 and later are also rich with filters, as they include Windows PowerShell. In comparison, however, few filters are built into cmd.exe (the original command-line interface of Windows), most of which have significant enhancements relative to the similar filter commands that were available in MS-DOS. OS X includes filters from its underlying Unix base but also has Automator, which allows filters (known as "Actions") to be strung together to form a pipeline.
Manfred Preiß
Manfred Preiß (born 22 October 1939) is a German politician and businessman. He was Minister for Regional and Local Affairs in the last East German government, overseeing the creation of the new states in preparation of German reunification.

De Maizière cabinet
The cabinet of Lothar de Maizière was the last cabinet of East Germany before German reunification. It was formed on 12 April 1990, following the general election in March, and existed until reunification with West Germany on 3 October 1990.

It was originally a grand coalition government between the centre-right Alliance for Germany (Christian Democratic Union (CDU), German Social Union (DSU), Democratic Awakening (DA)), the centre-left Social Democratic Party in the GDR (SPD), and the centre Association of Free Democrats (BFD). On 16 August, three ministers were sacked from the cabinet. In protest, the SPD left the coalition and their remaining ministers resigned on 20 August.
Pinane
Pinane describes a pair of isomeric hydrocarbons.  The isomers, actually diastereomers, are both chiral. They are the cis and trans isomers arising from the hydrogenation of the terpenes pinene.  Both isomers undergo reaction with air (autoxidation) to give 2-pinane hydroperoxides.  Partial reduction of these isomers gives 2-pinanol.  Pyrolysis of pinane gives dimethyloctadienes, which can be further transformed into the fragrance chemical dihydromyrcenol.

Hydrogenation
Hydrogenation is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel, palladium or platinum. The process is commonly employed to reduce or saturate organic compounds. Hydrogenation typically constitutes the addition of pairs of hydrogen atoms to a molecule, often an alkene. Catalysts are required for the reaction to be usable; non-catalytic hydrogenation takes place only at very high temperatures. Hydrogenation reduces double and triple bonds in hydrocarbons.