hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Antônio Moreira César
Antônio Moreira César (9 July 1850 – 4 March 1897) was a Brazilian military officer and governor. He fought on the side of the government forces in the Naval Revolts, the Federalist Revolution and the War of Canudos, and served as the governor of Santa Catarina state in 1894, where he ordered numerous summary executions and extrajudicial killings, particularly the Baron of Batovi, a decorated war hero of the Paraguayan War.

Moreira César was killed in action fighting against the rebels of Antônio Conselheiro during the War of Canudos.

Brazilian Naval Revolts
The Brazilian Naval Revolts (Portuguese: Revoltas da Armada) were armed mutinies promoted mainly by admirals Custódio José de Melo and Saldanha da Gama and their fleet of rebel Brazilian navy ships against the claimed unconstitutional staying in power of president Floriano Peixoto.

The revolts had a number of causes: "personal animosities in the ruling elite; friction in federal-state relations and between the president and Congress; militarism; government extravagance; army navy rivalry; and some lingering monarchical sentiments following the overthrow of the empire in 1889."

The United States supported the incumbent government against the insurgents.
Baal teshuva
In Judaism, a ba'al teshuvah (Hebrew: בעל תשובה; for a woman, בעלת תשובה, ba'alat teshuva or ba'alas teshuva; plural, בעלי תשובה, ba'alei teshuva, 'owner of return [to God or his way]') is a Jew who adopts some form of traditional religious observance after having previously followed a secular lifestyle or a less  frum form of Judaism.

The baal teshuva movement is a description of the return of secular Jews to religious Judaism. The term is used to refer to a worldwide phenomenon among the Jewish people.

Phenomenon
A phenomenon  (pl. phenomena), sometimes spelled phaenomenon, is an observable event. The term came into its modern philosophical usage through Immanuel Kant, who contrasted it with the noumenon, which cannot be directly observed. Kant was heavily influenced by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz in this part of his philosophy, in which phenomenon and noumenon serve as interrelated technical terms. Far predating this, the ancient Greek Pyrrhonist philosopher Sextus Empiricus also used phenomenon and noumenon as interrelated technical terms.
WCVM
WCVM (94.7 FM) is a radio station licensed to Bronson, Michigan. The station rebroadcasts WBCL, the contemporary Christian music station owned and operated by Taylor University in Fort Wayne, Indiana. The station's transmitter is located near the corner of County Roads E700N and N950E, southwest of Greenfield Mills, Indiana.

Prior to being purchased by Taylor University, the station had aired the Christian modern rock format of Calvary Chapel (originally known as "Effect Radio" and then "Radio X").

Bronson, Michigan
Bronson is a city in Branch County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 2,307 at the 2020 census.  Incorporated as a city in 1934, Bronson is mostly surrounded by Bronson Township, but the two are administered autonomously.
Sublime Text
Sublime Text is a text and source code editor featuring a minimal interface, syntax highlighting and code folding with native support for numerous programming and markup languages, search and replace with support for regular expressions, an integrated terminal/console window, and customizable themes.  Available for Windows, macOS, and Linux, its functionality can be expanded with plugins written in Python.  Community-contributed plugins can be downloaded and installed via a built-in Package Control system, or written by the user via a Python API.  Sublime Text is proprietary software, but can be downloaded for free and used as an evaluation version with no time limit.

Proprietary software
Proprietary software is software that grants its creator, publisher, or other rightsholder or rightsholder partner a legal monopoly by modern copyright and intellectual property law to exclude the recipient from freely sharing the software or modifying it, and—in some cases, as is the case with some patent-encumbered and EULA-bound software—from making use of the software on their own, thereby restricting their freedoms.

Proprietary software is a subset of non-free software, a term defined in contrast to free and open-source software; non-commercial licenses such as CC BY-NC are not deemed proprietary, but are non-free. Proprietary software may either be closed-source software or source-available software.
The Swale
The Swale is a tidal channel of the Thames estuary that separates the Isle of Sheppey from the rest of Kent.  On its banks is a 6,509.4-hectare (16,085-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest which stretches from Sittingbourne to Whitstable in Kent. It is also a Ramsar internationally important wetland site and a Special Protection Area under the European Union Directive on the Conservation of Wild Birds. Parts of it are a  Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I, National Nature Reserves, a Kent Wildlife Trust nature reserve and a Local Nature Reserve.

Tidal creek
A tidal creek or tidal channel is a narrow inlet or estuary that is affected by the ebb and flow of ocean tides. Thus, it has variable salinity and electrical conductivity over the tidal cycle, and flushes salts from inland soils. Tidal creeks are characterized by slow water velocity, resulting in buildup of fine, organic sediment in wetlands. Creeks may often be a dry to muddy channel with little or no flow at low tide, but with significant depth of water at high tide. Due to the temporal variability of water quality parameters within the tidally influenced zone, there are unique biota associated with tidal creeks which are often specialised to such zones. Nutrients and organic matter are delivered downstream to habitats normally lacking these, while the creeks also provide access to inland habitat for salt-water organisms.
WPPN
WPPN (106.7 FM) is a radio station licensed to Des Plaines, Illinois, that targets the Chicago metropolitan area. WPPN broadcasts a Spanish AC format. WPPN is owned by TelevisaUnivision through its Uforia Audio Network subsidiary. The station's studios are located at 625 North Michigan Avenue in downtown Chicago, and its transmitter is located in Arlington Heights.

Due to WPPN's 50,000-watt signal and north suburban location, it can be heard through much of the Rockford area and southeastern Wisconsin. It also broadcasts in the HD Radio (hybrid) format.

Latin pop
Latin pop (Spanish: pop latino), also referred to as Spanish-language pop (Spanish: pop en español), is a subgenre of popular music defined primarily as pop music performed in Spanish. While its foundation lies in the structural and commercial conventions of international pop music—memorable melodies, rhythmic regularity, electric instrumentation, and broad appeal—it is often enriched by stylistic influences from Latin American and Iberian musical traditions.

Emerging from Spanish-speaking musicians, Latin pop remains distinct from other Latin genres such as rock en español, tropical, reggaeton, and dance, though it may incorporate elements of these styles. In this sense, the fusion with Latin or Hispanic folk genres is characteristic but secondary to its central definition as pop music in Spanish.
Laudakia melanura
Laudakia melanura, also known as the black agama or black rock agama, is a species of agamid lizard. It is found in Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and northern India.

There are three subspecies:

Laudakia melanura melanura (Blyth, 1854) – southeastern Iran, southeastern Afghanistan, and Pakistan (Salt Range in northern Punjab (type locality), northwestern Frontier Province, western Sindh, western Balochistan)

Laudakia melanura nasiri Baig, 1999 – endemic to southern Pakistan (Toba Kakar Range, Balochistan)

Laudakia melanura lirata (Blanford, 1874) – Pakistan, Iran

Salt Range
The Salt Range (Punjabi: سلسلہ کوہ نمک, romanized: Silsila Koh Namakīn and Namkistan نمکستان) is a mountain range in the north of Punjab province of Pakistan, deriving its name from its extensive deposits of rock salt. The range extends along the south of the Potohar Plateau and the north of the Jhelum River. The Salt Range contains the great mines of Khewra, Kalabagh and Warcha which yield vast supplies of salt. Coal of a medium quality is also found here. The Salt Range starts from the Bakralla and Tilla Jogian ridges in the east and extends to the west of River Jhelum.

In the Himalayas and the Salt Range, rock containing fossil of marine life go back to the Ediacaran period (up to 570 million years ago), which shows these rocks have developed out of sea sediments, and that where the Himalayas are now was once a sea.

Sakesar is the highest peak of the Salt Range.

Namal Lake, Khabikki Lake and Uchhali Lake are lakes in the Salt Range.
James S. Jeffrey
James Sneddon Jeffrey, MD, FRCSEd  (12 August 1904 - 30 May 1989) was a Scottish surgeon who worked for most of his career at the Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh (RIE). During  the Second World War, as Colonel in the Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC), he was appointed "Surgical Penicillin Officer" in the Eighth Army in North Africa. In this capacity he was involved in the very earliest assessment of the use of Penicillin in war wounds. His reports concluded that Penicillin in this context, should be used early in the treatment of infected wound rather than at the later stage of chronic suppuration.

Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh
The Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh (RIE) is the oldest voluntary hospital in Scotland. It was established in 1729. After moving to a new site in 1879, it claimed to be the largest voluntary hospital in the United Kingdom, and later, in the British Empire. In 2003, it moved to a 900-bed site at Little France. It is the site of clinical medicine teaching as well as a teaching hospital for the University of Edinburgh Medical School. In 1960 the first successful kidney transplant in the UK was performed at the hospital.  In 1964 the world's first coronary care unit was established at the hospital. It is the only site for liver, pancreas, and pancreatic islet cell transplantation in Scotland, and one of the country's two sites for kidney transplantation. In 2012, the Emergency Department had 113,000 patient attendances, the highest number in Scotland. It is managed by NHS Lothian.
Dziun
Dziun, pseudonym of Magdalena Ciećka (born March 19, 1979, in Inowrocław) is a Polish singer and model.

She has been working as a model since she was 16, appearing on the covers of magazines all over the world. On 25 October 2011, the singer's debut album titled A.M.B.A was released

She was in a relationship with a Polish rapper Jacek "Tede" Graniecki.

Inowrocław
Inowrocław (Polish pronunciation: [inɔˈvrɔtswaf] ⓘ; German: Hohensalza; before 1904: Inowrazlaw; archaic: Jungleslau, Junges Leslau, Junge Leszlaw, Yiddish: לעסלא, romanized: Lesle or Lessle) is a city in central Poland with a total population of 68,101 (as of December 2022). It is situated in the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship. It is one of the largest and most historically significant cities within the historic region of Kuyavia.

Inowrocław is an industrial town located about 40 kilometres (25 miles) southeast of Bydgoszcz known for its saltwater baths and salt mines. The town is the 5th largest agglomeration in its voivodeship, and is a major railway junction, where the west–east line (Poznań–Toruń) crosses the Polish Coal Trunk-Line from Chorzów to Gdynia.
Portugal Cove–St. Philip's
Portugal Cove–St. Philip's is a rural seashore community located on the eastern Avalon Peninsula of Newfoundland in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. The town is a bedroom community of the provincial capital of St. John's.

The provincial government operates a daily ferry service from Portugal Cove–St. Philip's to Bell Island.

Avalon Peninsula
The Avalon Peninsula (French: Péninsule d'Avalon) is a large peninsula that makes up the southeast portion of the island of Newfoundland in Canada. It is 9,220.61 square kilometres (3,560.10 sq mi) in size.

The peninsula is home to 270,348 people, about 52% of  the province's population, according to the 2016 Canadian census. The peninsula is the location of St. John's, the provincial capital and largest city. It is connected to the main section of the island by the 5 km (3 mi) wide Isthmus of Avalon. The peninsula protrudes into the rich fishing zones near the Grand Banks. Its four major bays (Trinity Bay, Conception Bay, St. Mary's Bay and Placentia Bay) have long been the centre of Newfoundland's fishing industry.
Sacramento Smokeys
The Sacramento Smokeys were a semi-pro and collegiate summer baseball team located in Sacramento, California, founded in 1949 by Larry Manuian, who ran the team until his death in 2011. The Smokeys played in multiple leagues in Northern California usually consisting of their prominent rivals such as the Fontanetti's Athletics and the Humboldt Crabs.

In the 1990s, many Smokeys games were broadcast on local television. The Smokeys were Sacramento’s top baseball team with prominent coverage in the Sacramento Bee, from when the Sacramento Solons moved after the 1976 season until the arrival of the Pacific Coast League’s Sacramento River Cats in 1999. The Smokeys roster usually consisted of former professional players and current college players from Sacramento City College, UC Davis and Sacramento State.

Sacramento Solons
The Sacramento Solons were a Minor League Baseball team based in Sacramento, California. They played in the Pacific Coast League during several periods (1903, 1905, 1909–1914, 1918–1960, 1974–1976). The current Sacramento River Cats began play in 2000.
Faxanadu
Faxanadu is an action role-playing platform video game for the Nintendo Entertainment System. The name was licensed by computer game developer Falcom and was developed and released in Japan by Hudson Soft in 1987. Nintendo released the game in the United States and Europe as a first-party title under license from Hudson Soft.

Faxanadu is a spin-off or side-story of Xanadu, which is the second installment of Falcom's long-running RPG series, Dragon Slayer. The title Faxanadu is a portmanteau formed from the names Famicom and Xanadu. The game uses side-scrolling and platforming gameplay, while employing role-playing elements with an expansive story and medieval setting.

Nihon Falcom
Nihon Falcom Corporation (日本ファルコム株式会社) is a Japanese video game developer, best known for their Ys, The Legend of Heroes, and Trails series. They are credited with pioneering the action role-playing and Japanese role-playing game genres, as well as popularizing the use of personal computers in Japan.
Hottah terrane
The Hottah terrane is a Paleoproterozoic terrane in the northwestern end of the Canadian Shield which is exposed near Hottah Lake, Northwest Territories.  It is a belt of multi-deformed metasedimentary and metavolcanic rocks intruded by a series of diorite to granite plutons.
Forming the western part of the Wopmay orogenic system, the 1.9 Ga (billion years ago) Hottah terrane is separated from the Archean rocks of the orogen by the north-trending Wopmay fault zone and overprinted by the 1.875–1.85 Ga Great Bear magmatism.

Bya
bya or b.y.a. is an abbreviation for "billion years ago". It is commonly used as a unit of time to denote length of time before the present in 109 years. This initialism is often used in the sciences of astronomy, geology, and paleontology.

The "billion" in bya is the 109 "billion" of the short scale of the US, not the long-scale 1012 "billion" of some European usage. Billion by this convention (109) is often called a "thousand million" in the UK and a "milliard" in some other countries. For this reason, there is potential for some confusion, and some scientists prefer the unit Gya, while others prefer Ga (Giga-annum), however, bya remains in more widespread use. In 1974, the UK switched from the long scale to the short scale.

Related units are mya ("million years ago"), and byr ("billion years"). These are traditionally written in lowercase. Ga or Gya has a capitalized first letter instead.
Robert Maysack
Robert Emil Maysack (November 25, 1872 – December 24, 1960) was an American gymnast and track and field athlete who competed in the 1904 Summer Olympics. He died in Highlands County, Florida.

In 1904 he won the bronze medal in the team event. He was also 55th in gymnastics' triathlon event, 59th in gymnastics' all-around competition and 70th in athletics' triathlon event.

Gymnastics at the 1904 Summer Olympics – Men's triathlon
The men's triathlon was an artistic gymnastics event held as part of the gymnastics programme at the 1904 Summer Olympics. It was the only time the event was held at the Olympics. The competition was held on Friday, July 1, 1904, and on Saturday, July 2, 1904. One hundred and nineteen gymnasts from three nations competed.

The three apparatus used were the horizontal bar, the parallel bars, and the horse (itself actually split further between the "long horse" or vault and the "side horse" or pommel horse). Each gymnast performed two compulsory routines and one optional routine on each apparatus, with the compulsory routines split between the two versions of the horse and the optional horse routine being on the side horse. The maximum score in each routine was 5, for a total maximum of 45.

Scores from this event, as well as the athletics triathlon event, were used to determine final scoring in the gymnastic all-around event.
Kenroy Peters
Keon Kenroy Peters (born 24 February 1982) is a St Vincent-born former cricketer who played one Test match for the West Indies against South Africa on 26 December 2014. At youth level, he represented the West Indies at the 2000 Under-19 Cricket World Cup. He played a number of first-class matches for Windward Islands.

West Indies under-19 cricket team
The West Indies under-19 cricket team represents the countries of Cricket West Indies in international under-19 cricket. The West Indies is one of only five teams to have participated in every edition of the Under-19 Cricket World Cup, along with England, India, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

The Windies U19 got to the final of the 2004 World Cup held in Bangladesh, where they were runners-up to Pakistan. The Caribbean side eventually won the tournament for the first time in 2016, defeating India in the final, again held in Bangladesh.
Belleville, Paris
Belleville (French pronunciation: [bɛlvil] ⓘ) is a neighbourhood of Paris, France, parts of which lie in four different arrondissements. The major portion of Belleville straddles the borderline between the 20th arrondissement and the 19th along its main street, the Rue de Belleville. The remainder lies in the 10th and 11th arrondissements.

It was once the independent commune (municipality) of Belleville which was annexed by the City of Paris in 1860 and divided between two arrondissements. Geographically, the neighborhood is situated on and around a hill which ties with Montmartre as the highest in Paris. The name Belleville literally means "beautiful town".

10th arrondissement of Paris
The 10th arrondissement of Paris (Xe arrondissement) is one of the 20 arrondissements of the capital city of France. In spoken French, the arrondissement is referred to as le dixième ([dizjɛm]; "the tenth", formally le dixième arrondissement de Paris). In 2020, it had a population of 83,459.

The arrondissement, called Entrepôt (warehouse), is situated on the right bank of the River Seine. It contains two of the seven large mainline railway stations of Paris: the Gare du Nord and the Gare de l'Est. Built during the 19th century, these two termini are among the busiest in Europe. The 10th arrondissement also contains a large portion of the Canal Saint-Martin, linking the northeastern parts of Paris with the Seine.

The current mayor of the 10th arrondissement is Alexandra Cordebard since 2017.
New Year Lake
New Year Lake is a lake in the Hays Canyon Range of northwestern Washoe County, Nevada, US, at elevation 5,948 feet (1,813 metres). Explorer John C. Frémont passed New Year Lake on December 26, 1843 during his second expedition; it was included, unnamed, on the map he created after the expedition in 1845.
The name of New Year Lake was changed into Crook's Lake in the Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) in 1966 after a local rancher sent a note to the Board on Geographic Names, in which he wrote that the lake was called "Crooks Lake" ever since a battle took place in 1867 near the lake between General George Crook and the Northern Paiute. However, no reference to a battle at this location was noted in a history about the Snake War, though Crook was at the Battle of Steen's Mountain. The name change was reversed in 1989 because the name "New Year Lake" was used historically. "Crooks Lake" is listed as a variant name together with Roops Lake.

Washoe County, Nevada
Washoe County (/ˈwɒʃoʊ/) is a county in the U.S. state of Nevada. As of the 2020 census, the population was 486,492, making it Nevada's second-most populous county. Its county seat is Reno. Washoe County is included in the Reno, NV Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The Washoe County landing ship tank was named after this county.
Isogrid
Isogrid is a type of partially hollowed-out structure formed usually from a single metal plate with integral triangular stiffening stringers. It was patented by McDonnell Douglas (now part of Boeing) in 1975.
Isogrids are extremely light and stiff. Compared to other materials, it is expensive to manufacture, and so it is restricted to spaceflight applications and some aerospace use.

McDonnell Douglas
McDonnell Douglas Corporation was a major American aerospace manufacturing corporation and defense contractor. It was formed by the merger of McDonnell Aircraft and the Douglas Aircraft Company in 1967. Between then and its own merger with Boeing in 1997, it produced well-known commercial and military aircraft, such as the DC-10 and the MD-80 airliners, the F-15 Eagle air superiority fighter, and the F/A-18 Hornet multirole fighter.

The corporation's headquarters were at St. Louis Lambert International Airport, near St. Louis, Missouri.
Kniebrink
The Kniebrink, at 315 m above sea level (NN), is the third highest mountain in the northern German Wiehen Hills. Its immediate summit belongs administratively to the village of Oberbauerschaft in the municipality of Hüllhorst. However, its boundary with the town of Lübbecke runs just north of the summit, so that its northern slopes belong to Lübbecke.

The Kniebrink is just 3 metres lower than the more northerly Wurzelbrink, which obscures it from view in Lübbecke. The hill is largely trackless. In spring 2007 its trees suffered major storm damage. The top can be reaches from Lübbecke in under 45 minutes. From the south you need about 20 minutes for the short but steep climb.

Normalnull
Normalnull ("standard zero") or Normal-Null (short N. N. or NN) is an outdated official vertical datum used in Germany. Elevations using this reference system were to be marked Meter über Normal-Null (“meters above standard zero”). Normalnull has been replaced by Normalhöhennull (NHN).
1976 City of Lincoln Council election
The 1976 City of Lincoln Council election  took place on 6 May 1976. This was on the same day as other local elections.  The entire council was up for election and the Democratic Labour Party retained control of the council.

Democratic Labour Party (UK, 1972)
The Democratic Labour Party, sometimes referred to as the Lincoln Democratic Labour Association, was a minor political party operating in the United Kingdom in the 1970s. It was formed by the Labour MP Dick Taverne when his Constituency Labour Party (CLP) in the Lincoln constituency deselected him as its candidate at the next general election. He had fallen out with it over Britain's proposed membership of the European Communities, which he supported but it did not.