hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fast Lane (electronic toll collection)
Fast Lane was an electronic toll collection system within the U.S. state of Massachusetts. It was created in 1998 by the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority (MTA), and was fully interoperable with the multi-state E-ZPass network. Fast Pass was used for toll collection on the Massachusetts Turnpike throughout the state, and the Sumner Tunnel, Ted Williams Tunnel, and Tobin Bridge in and around Boston. Fast Lane was previously sponsored by FleetBoston Financial, Citizens Bank, and TD Bank. The Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT) rebranded Fast Lane to E-ZPass and ended corporate sponsorship in 2012.

Tobin Bridge
The Maurice J. Tobin Memorial Bridge (formerly the Mystic River Bridge) is a cantilever truss bridge that spans more than two miles (3.2 km) from Boston to Chelsea over the Mystic River in Massachusetts, United States. The bridge is the largest in New England. It is operated by the Massachusetts Department of Transportation and carries U.S. Route 1. It was built between 1948 and 1950 and opened to traffic on February 2, 1950, replacing the former Chelsea Bridge. The 36-foot-wide (11 m) roadway has three lanes of traffic on each of the two levels with northbound traffic on the lower level and southbound traffic on the upper level.
2012 NCAA Division II men's soccer tournament
The 2012 NCAA Division II Men's Soccer Championship featured 35 schools in four unbalanced Super-Regional tournaments involving seven to ten teams each. Super-Regional games were played at campus sites.

The Division II College Cup was held at Blanchard Woods Park in Evans, Georgia and was hosted by the Peach Belt Conference.

In the national semifinals, Mercyhurst (17-6-1) was defeated by Lynn 4-1, and Simon Fraser (19-2-1) fell to Saginaw Valley 3-1. Lynn (19-3-1) won its second Division II crown by beating Saginaw Valley (18-3-4) 3-2 in the national final.

Evans, Georgia
Evans is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Columbia County, Georgia, United States. It is a suburb of Augusta and is part of the Augusta metropolitan area. The population was 29,011 at the 2010 census, up from 17,727 at the 2000 census.

Evans is the de facto county seat of Columbia County, although Appling still holds the de jure designation. The Columbia County Government Center, the Government Complex Addition, and the Columbia County Courthouse Annex are all located in Evans.
Tentsuyu
Tentsuyu (Japanese: てんつゆ/天汁) is Japanese tempura dip.

The recipe for tentsuyu depends on the seasons and on the ingredients for which tentsuyu is being prepared. A general, all-purpose, tentsuyu might consist of three parts dashi, one part mirin, and one part soy sauce. For ingredients with strong odors or flavors, however, sake and sugar might be used instead of mirin, or more or less shōyu might be used.

Similar ingredients make up the simmering sauce for donburi and the broth for dishes like agedashi tofu (deep-fried tofu in broth) and soba (buckwheat noodles).

Tentsuyu in concentrated form is commonly sold in a small bottles in supermarkets and grocery stores throughout Japan—and also in Asian grocery stores in the US.

When used for tempura, tentsuyu is commonly served with grated daikon white radish.

Daikon
Daikon (大根 (だいこん) or mooli (Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus) is a mild-flavored winter radish usually characterized by fast-growing leaves and a long, white, napiform root. Native to continental East Asia, daikon and its cultivars are now harvested and consumed globally. In some locations, daikon is left unharvested to loosen compacted soils and recover nutrients.
In Good Company (Canadian Chamber Choir album)
In Good Company is the Canadian Chamber Choir's first studio album. It was produced and released on May 18, 2010 under the artistic direction of Julia Davids. It was recorded in August 2009 in Gretna, Manitoba at Buhler Hall while in residence at the Mennonite Collegiate Institute. The album features songs by Canadian composers, including Eleanor Daley, Allan Rae, Jocelyn Morlock, Lionel Daunais, and Jeffrey Ryan. Additionally composer  Jeff Enns was commissioned to create the song At Sunset based on the poem of the same name by Pauline Johnson. The voices of the 21 person choir come from singers that live across Canada. Special guests on the recording are mezzo-soprano Christianne Rushton, pianist Joel Tranquilla and cellist Se Hee Kim.

Jocelyn Morlock
Jocelyn Morlock (14 December 1969 – 27 March 2023) was a Canadian composer and music educator based in Vancouver, British Columbia. Her piece My Name is Amanda Todd won the 2018 Juno Award for Classical Composition of the Year.
2019 World Figure Skating Championships
The 2019 World Figure Skating Championships were held from March 18–24, 2019, at the Saitama Super Arena in Saitama, Japan. Sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), the World Championships are considered the most prestigious event in figure skating. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. Nathan Chen of the United States won the men's event, Alina Zagitova of Russia won the women's event, Sui Wenjing and Han Cong of China won the pairs event, and Gabriella Papadakis and Guillaume Cizeron of France won the ice dance event. The competition would have determined the entry quotas for each skating federation at the 2020 World Championships; however, the 2020 World Champions were eventually cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Salchow jump
The Salchow jump is an edge jump in figure skating. It was named after its inventor, Ulrich Salchow, in 1909. The Salchow is accomplished with a takeoff from the back inside edge of one foot and a landing on the back outside edge of the opposite foot. It is "usually the first jump that skaters learn to double, and the first or second to triple". Timing is critical because both the takeoff and landing must be on the backward edge. A Salchow is deemed cheated if the skate blade starts to turn forward before the takeoff, or if it has not turned completely backward when the skater lands back on the ice.

In competitions, the base value of a single Salchow is 0.40, for a double Salchow it is 1.30, for a triple 4.30, 9.70 for a quadruple, and 14 for a quintuple.
Groeber
Groeber is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adolf Groeber (1854–1919), German politician (Centre Party)

John Groeber (1903 – 1973), missionary who founded the Serima mission station for the Swiss Bethlehem Mission in Rhodesia

Gast Groeber (born 1960), writer from Luxembourg

Hermann Groeber (1865 – 1935), German painter

Pablo Groeber (1885–1964), German geologist known

Gast Groeber
Gast Groeber (born 1960) is a writer from Luxembourg. He grew up in Hollerich and studied at the Institut Supérieur d'Études et de Recherches Pédagogiques in Walferdange. He has been pursuing various careers in education since then. He is also a prize-winning author. His book of short stories All Dag Verstoppt En Aneren won the European Union Prize for Literature.
Kurdistan Uezd
Kurdistan Uezd, also known colloquially as Red Kurdistan, was a Soviet administrative unit within the Azerbaijan SSR that existed for six years from 1923 to 1929 and included the districts of Kalbajar, Lachin, Qubadli and part of Jabrayil. It was part of Azerbaijan SSR, with the administrative center being in Lachin. It was briefly succeeded by the Kurdistan Okrug from 30 May to 23 July 1930.

Lachin
Lachin (Azerbaijani: Laçın, (listen)ⓘ, lit. 'falcon') or Berdzor (Armenian: Բերձոր) is a town in Azerbaijan and the administrative centre of the Lachin District. It is located within the strategic Lachin corridor, linking the Nagorno-Karabakh region with Armenia.

The town was under control of Armenian forces in 1992, during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, and its local Azerbaijani and Kurdish population was expelled, while Armenians settled in. The town came under the de facto control of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh, administered as part of its Kashatagh Province. It came under the supervision of the Russian peacekeeping force following the ceasefire agreement that ended the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war. Lachin and the villages of Sus and Zabukh were returned under Azerbaijan's control on August 26, 2022, as part of the 2020 ceasefire agreement.
Muhammad Qasim Khan
Muhammad Qasim Khan (Urdu: محمد قاسم خان; born 6 July 1959) is a Pakistani jurist who served as the 50th Chief Justice of the Lahore High Court from 19 March 2020 to 5 July 2021. Was appointed by President Arif Alvi. He retired on 6 July 2021.

Lahore High Court
The Lahore High Court (LHC) is the highest court in the judiciary of the Pakistani province of Punjab. It has supreme appellate jurisdiction over all provincial cases in Punjab. Established as a high court on 21 March 1882, the High Court is based in Lahore, which is its principal seat; alongside its secondary benches based in Rawalpindi, Multan, and Bahawalpur.

A proposal was sent by lawyers to set up new high court benches in Faisalabad, Sialkot, D.G.Khan and Gujranwala divisions but full court of Lahore High Court turned down this request.
Phosphoethanolamine/phosphocholine phosphatase
Phosphoethanolamine/phosphocholine phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.75, PHOSPHO1, 3X11A; systematic name phosphoethanolamine phosphohydrolase) is an enzyme highly expressed in mineralizing cells . This enzyme is implicated in bone and cartilage formation and catalyses the following chemical reactions:

(1) O-phosphoethanolamine + H2O  ethanolamine + phosphate

(2) phosphocholine + H2O  choline + phosphate

The enzyme is a member of the haloacid dehalogenase superfamily. Like other members of this superfamily it requires a metal ion for catalysis, which is usually Mg2+, it is also active in the presence of Co2+ or Mn2+ but exhibits a lower specific activity with these metal ions.

Choline
Choline is a cation with the chemical formula [(CH3)3NCH2CH2OH]+. Choline forms various salts, such as choline chloride and choline bitartrate. An essential nutrient for animals, it is a structural component of phospholipids and cell membranes.

Choline is used to synthesize acetylcholine, a neurotransmitter involved in muscle control and numerous functions of the nervous system. Choline is involved in early development of the brain, gene expression, cell membrane signaling, and brain metabolism.

Although humans synthesize choline in the liver, the amount produced naturally is insufficient to meet cellular functions, requiring that some choline be obtained from foods or dietary supplements. Foods rich in choline include meats, poultry, eggs, and other animal-based products, cruciferous vegetables, beans, nuts, and whole grains. Choline is present in breast milk and is commonly added as an ingredient to baby foods.
Aerosol impaction
In the physics of aerosols, aerosol impaction is the process in which particles are removed from an air stream by forcing the gases to make a sharp bend.  Particles above a certain size possess so much momentum that they can not follow the air stream and strike a collection surface, which is available for later analysis of mass and composition. Removal of particles from an air-stream by impaction followed by mass and composition analysis has always been a different approach as to filter sampling, yet has been little utilized for routine analysis because of lack of suitable analytical methods.

Gas
Gas is a state of matter with neither fixed volume nor fixed shape. It is a compressible form of fluid, in contrast to a liquid. A pure gas consists of individual atoms (e.g. a noble gas like neon), or molecules (e.g. oxygen (O2) or carbon dioxide). Pure gases can also be mixed together such as in the air. What distinguishes gases from liquids and solids is the vast separation of the individual gas particles. This separation can make some gases invisible to the human observer.

The gaseous state of matter occurs between the liquid and plasma states, the latter of which provides the upper-temperature boundary for gases. Bounding the lower end of the temperature scale lie degenerative quantum gases which are gaining increasing attention.
High-density atomic gases super-cooled to very low temperatures are classified by their statistical behavior as either Bose gases or Fermi gases. For a comprehensive listing of these exotic states of matter, see list of states of matter.
Wafi Mall
Wafi Mall is one of the oldest malls in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. The mall is in the Wafi City complex that also includes Raffles and Sofitel Dubai 5-star hotel in the shapes of a pyramid and obelisk respectively, restaurants, residences, a nightclub, and a spa/leisure club, themed around the style of Ancient Egypt. The mall includes an Arabian-style Khan Murjan Souk, Carrefour hypermarket, and a Samal department store.

The mall opened in 1991, and includes over 300 stores. It features stained glass ceilings in an Islamic style. The mall features a visa application centre. Free Wi-Fi is available in the mall, provided by du.

In 2007, a gang of masked gunmen rammed two cars into shops at the mall, later set on fire, stealing cash and diamonds worth 14.7 million Dirhams. Later they were arrested in Europe and returned to Dubai. One gang member was later found dead in their cell.

United Arab Emirates dirham
The Emirati dirham (symbol: ; currency code: AED; /ˈdɪər(h)əm/;) Arabic: درهم إماراتي, abbreviation: د.إ in Arabic, Dh; is the official currency of the United Arab Emirates. The dirham is subdivided into 100 fils (فلس). It is pegged to the United States dollar at a constant exchange rate of approximately 3.67 AED to 1 USD. In March 2025, the UAE Central Bank announced the creation of a Dirham currency symbol, , derived from the Latin letter D crossed with two horizontal lines.
1974 Giro d'Italia, Stage 1 to Stage 11b
The 1974 Giro d'Italia was the 57th edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro began in the Vatican City on 16 May, and Stage 11b occurred on 27 May with a stage to Forte dei Marmi. The race finished in Milan on 8 June.

Barga, Tuscany
Barga is a medieval town and comune of the province of Lucca in Tuscany, central Italy. It is home to around 10,000 people and is the chief town of the "Media Valle" (mid valley) of the Serchio River. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Barga is a member of Cittaslow.
Miss Bahamas 2012
The Miss Bahamas 2012 pageant was held on July 30, 2012. Twenty candidates competed for the national crown. The chosen winner will represent The Bahamas at the Miss Universe 2012 and Miss International 2012 pageants. The costume of the winner of the best national costume award will be used at Miss Universe 2012. Miss World Bahamas will enter Miss World 2013. The First Runner Up entered Miss Intercontinental, the Second Runner Up entered Miss Supranational, and the Third Runner Up entered Top Model of the World. This is the last time Miss Bahamas World and Miss Bahamas Universe were held together in one Miss Bahamas pageant. After this, the Miss Bahamas Organization restructured the contest into two separate Miss Bahamas pageants, one to crown Miss Bahamas for Miss World and the other to crown Miss Bahamas for Miss Universe.

Miss World
Miss World is the oldest existing international beauty pageant. It was created in the United Kingdom by Eric Morley in 1951. Since his death in 2000, Morley's widow, Julia Morley, has chaired the pageant. Along with Miss Universe, Miss International, and Miss Earth, it is one of the Big Four beauty pageants.

The current Miss World is Suchata Chuangsri of Thailand who was crowned on 31 May 2025 in Hyderabad, India.
Feldafing station
Feldafing station is the only station of the Bavarian town of Feldafing and a station on the Munich S-Bahn. It is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 5 station and has two platform tracks. The station is located on the Munich–Garmisch-Partenkirchen railway.

German railway station categories
The approximately 5,400 railway stations in Germany that are owned and operated by the Deutsche Bahn subsidiary DB InfraGO are divided into seven categories, denoting the service level available at the station.

This categorisation influences the amount of money railway companies need to pay to DB Station&Service for using the facilities at the stations.
Focus (linguistics)
In linguistics, focus (abbreviated FOC) is a grammatical category that conveys the part of the sentence that contributes new, non-derivable, or contrastive information. In the English sentence "Mary only insulted BILL", focus is expressed prosodically by a pitch accent on "Bill", which identifies him as the only person whom Mary insulted. By contrast, in the sentence "Mary only INSULTED Bill", the verb "insult" is focused and thus expresses that Mary performed no other actions towards Bill. Focus is a cross-linguistic phenomenon and a major field of study in linguistics. Research on focus spans numerous subfields including phonetics, syntax, semantics, pragmatics, and sociolinguistics.

Terminal and nonterminal symbols
In formal languages, terminal and nonterminal symbols are parts of the vocabulary under a formal grammar. Vocabulary is a finite, nonempty set of symbols. Terminal symbols are symbols that cannot be replaced by other symbols of the vocabulary. Nonterminal symbols are symbols that can be replaced by other symbols of the vocabulary by the production rules under the same formal grammar.

A formal grammar defines a formal language over the vocabulary of the grammar.

In the context of formal language, the term vocabulary is more commonly known as alphabet. Nonterminal symbols are also called syntactic variables.
Trisulfur
The S3 molecule, known as trisulfur, sulfur trimer, thiozone, or triatomic sulfur, is a cherry-red allotrope of sulfur. It comprises about 10% of vaporised sulfur at 713 K (440 °C; 824 °F) and 1,333 Pa (10.00 mmHg; 0.1933 psi). It has been observed at cryogenic temperatures as a solid. Under ordinary conditions it converts to cyclooctasulfur.

8 S3 → 3 S8

Millimetre of mercury
A millimetre of mercury is a manometric unit of pressure, formerly defined as the extra pressure generated by a column of mercury one millimetre high. Currently, it is defined as exactly 133.322387415 pascals, or approximately 1 torr = ⁠1/760⁠ atmosphere = ⁠101325/760⁠ pascals. It is denoted mmHg or mm Hg.

Although not an SI unit, the millimetre of mercury is still often encountered in some fields; for example,  it is still widely used in medicine, as demonstrated for example in the medical literature indexed in PubMed. For example, the U.S. and European guidelines on hypertension, in using millimeters of mercury for blood pressure, are reflecting the fact (common basic knowledge among health care professionals) that this is the usual unit of blood pressure in clinical medicine.
Initiative for the Integration of South American Infrastructure
The Initiative for the Integration of South American Infrastructure (Spanish: Iniciativa para la Integración de la Infraestructura Regional Suramericana or IIRSA) is a project via which countries of the Andean Community are attempting to further integrate their economies, especially by creating better road infrastructure connecting from Panama City in the north to major cities in South America.

Mesoamerica Project
The Mesoamerica Integration and Development Project,  or in Spanish Proyecto Mesoamérica (PM), is a mechanism by which 10 countries centered on Central America implement regional projects for development and integration.  The 10 participating countries are Belize, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua and Panama.  The initiative was championed by the then-Mexican President, Vicente Fox.  It is the successor to the Puebla-Panama Plan (PPP) first announced in 2001.  The Mesoamerica Integration and Development Project was launched under that name in 2008.
Boath mandal
Boath or Bonthala (old name) is a mandal in Adilabad district of Telangana State, India.

Previously part of Hyderabad State and then Andhra Pradesh state, Boath became a part of the newly formed state of Telangana under the Andhra Pradesh Reorganisation Act, 2014. It is located about 271 km (168 mi) north of the state capital, Hyderabad.

Administrative divisions of India
The administrative divisions of India are subnational administrative units of India; they are composed of a nested hierarchy of administrative divisions. India consists of 28 States and 8 Union Territories. These are divided into districts (some states group a set of districts as a division), followed by subdistricts (known in different local names like tehsils and talukas), which are divided into blocks, which consist of villages.

Indian states and territories frequently use different local titles for the same level of subdivision (e.g., the mandals of Andhra Pradesh  and Telangana correspond to tehsils of Uttar Pradesh and other Hindi-speaking states but to talukas or taluks of Gujarat, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu).

The smaller subdivisions (villages and development blocks) exist only in rural areas. In urban areas, urban local bodies exist instead of these rural subdivisions.
Jelek, Iraq
Jelek (Syriac: ܟ̰ܠܟ, Kurdish: چه‌لکێ, romanized: Çelkê) is a village in Dohuk Governorate in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. It is located by the Little Khabur river in the district of Amadiya and the historical region of Barwari.

The village is divided into upper and lower sections. In the village, there is a church of Mart Shmuni, and there was formerly a church of Mar Mushe.

Romanization of Kurdish
The romanization of Kurdish language is the practice of transcribing the Kurdish, traditionally written in both Arabic and Latin scripts, into a standardized Latin alphabet. The development of Kurdish romanization systems supports the need for digital communication, linguistic research, and accessibility for Kurdish speakers and Kurdish speakers in diaspora communities. These systems strive to maintain phonetic precision and consistency across the diverse Kurdish dialects.
Sisson Dam
The Sisson Dam is a hydroelectric dam built in the Canadian province of New Brunswick and is operated by NB Power corporation. Its power house has a capacity of 9 megawatts with its single turbine. It is located at the southeast corner of the Sisson Branch Reservoir, which it created, in Lorne Parish, Victoria County.

Lorne Parish, New Brunswick
Lorne is a geographic parish in Victoria County, New Brunswick, Canada.

Prior to the 2023 governance reform, for governance purposes it was divided between the local service districts of Riley Brook and the parish of Lorne, both of which were members of the Western Valley Regional Service Commission (WVRSC).
Educational inequality in the United States
Unequal access to education in the United States results in unequal outcomes for students. Disparities in academic access among students in the United States are the result of multiple factors including government policies, district funding, school choice, family wealth, parenting style, implicit bias towards students' race or ethnicity, and the resources available to students and their schools. Educational inequality contributes to a number of broader problems in the United States, including income inequality and increasing prison populations. Educational inequalities in the United States are wide-ranging, and many potential solutions have been proposed to mitigate their impacts on students.

Income distribution
In economics, income distribution covers how a country's total GDP is distributed amongst its population. Economic theory and economic policy have long seen income and its distribution as a central concern. Unequal distribution of income causes economic inequality which is a concern in almost all countries around the world.