hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bashiqah
Bashiqah Mountain is a mountain located northeast of Mosul, Iraq, east of Khorsabad and nearby Bashiqa township and near Ain Sifni in northern Iraq.

The mountain is located behind Bashiqa township, is 359 km north of Baghdad in Nineveh Governorate, and located at 36,4531n and 43,3478e. It is 326 above sea level. The mountain contains many Yazidi shrines dedicated to the holy figures of Yazidism.

The mountain became a strategic point following the Fall of Mosul to ISIS in 2014 but was retaken with the recapture of Mosul in July 2017. The hill was heavily fortified by ISIS. The mountain has since been taken by Kurdish Peshmerga forces.

Nineveh Governorate
Nineveh Governorate is a governorate in northern Iraq. It has an area of 37,323 km2 (14,410 sq mi) and an estimated population of 2,453,000 people as of 2003. Its largest city and provincial capital is Mosul, which lies across the Tigris river from the ruins of ancient Nineveh. Before 1976, it was called Mosul Province and included the present-day Dohuk Governorate.

The region is home to many historical sites including the ancient Assyrian city of Nineveh, and the ruins of Hatra, a UNESCO World Heritage Site which was part of the 2nd-century Arab Kingdom of Hatra. An ethnically, religiously and culturally diverse region, where the second largest city, Tal Afar, has an almost exclusively Turkmen population.
Michele Fiore
Michele Ann Fiore (born July 29, 1970) is an American politician and  committeewoman for the Nevada Republican Party and justice of the peace for Pahrump in Nye County. She was formerly a member of the Nevada Assembly and the Las Vegas City Council.

In 2024, Fiore was convicted of seven counts of federal felony fraud for stealing $70,000 meant for a memorial to fallen police officers and spending it on personal expenses including cosmetic surgery. In 2025, she was pardoned by President Donald Trump before she was due to be sentenced.

Pahrump, Nevada
Pahrump (/pəˈrʌmp/ pə-RUMP) is an unincorporated town located at the southernmost tip of Nye County, Nevada, United States, about 50 miles (80 km) west of Las Vegas (roughly an hour away by driving distance). Pahrump lies adjacent to the Nevada–California border and the area had a population of 44,738 as of the 2020 census.
William A. Titus
William Albert Titus (August 30, 1868 – February 2, 1951) was an American businessman, educator, writer, historian, and politician.

Born in Empire, Wisconsin, Titus went to the University of Chicago and University of Wisconsin–Madison and taught high school. As a businessman, he helped organize the Standard Lime and Stone company of Fond du Lac WI and served as its secretary-treasurer (1902-1920) and president (1920-1940). He also helped organize a savings and loan company. Titus was a historian and writer and was involved with the Wisconsin Historical Society. Titus served in the Wisconsin State Senate from 1921 to 1928. He died in Fond du Lac, Wisconsin.

Wisconsin Historical Society
The Wisconsin Historical Society (officially the State Historical Society of Wisconsin) is simultaneously a state agency and a private membership organization whose purpose is to maintain, promote and spread knowledge relating to the history of North America, with an emphasis on the state of Wisconsin and the trans-Allegheny West. Founded in 1846 and chartered in 1853, it is the oldest historical society in the United States to receive continuous public funding. The society's headquarters are located in Madison, Wisconsin, on the campus of the University of Wisconsin–Madison.
Chris Redman
Chris James Redman (born July 7, 1977) is an American football coach and former quarterback who is the current head coach of the Louisville Kings of the United Football League (UFL). He played for nine seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Louisville Cardinals and was selected by the Baltimore Ravens in the third round of the 2000 NFL draft. Redman spent four seasons with the Ravens, primarily serving as a backup, and was part of the team that won a Super Bowl title in Super Bowl XXXV. After four years away from the NFL, he returned in 2007 with the Atlanta Falcons, where he played his last five seasons.

Ron Cooper (American football)
Ronald Louis Cooper (born February 11, 1962) is an American football coach and former player. He is the head football coach at Long Island University (LIU), a position he has held since the 2022 season. Cooper served as the head football coach at Eastern Michigan University from 1993 to 1994, the University of Louisville from 1995 to 1997, and Alabama A&M University from 1998 to 2001. He was also the interim head football coach at Florida International University (FIU) for the final eight games of the 2016 season. Cooper worked one season in the National Football League, as the defensive backs coach for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in 2012. A native of Huntsville, Alabama, Cooper played high school football at Lee High School and college football at Jacksonville State University.
Sõrve-Hindu
Sõrve-Hindu (Hindu until 2017) is a village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County, Estonia, on the island of Saaremaa. As of the 2011 census, the settlement's population was 0.

Before the administrative reform in 2017, the village was in Salme Parish.

Saaremaa
Saaremaa (/ˈsɑːrəmɑː/; Estonian: [ˈsɑˑreˌmɑː]) is the largest and most populous island in Estonia. Measuring 2,673 km2 (1,032 sq mi), its population is 31,435 (as of January 2020). The main island of the West Estonian archipelago (Moonsund archipelago), it is located in the Baltic Sea, south of Hiiumaa island and northwest of the Gulf of Riga. The administrative centre of the island, and of the Saare maakond (county), is the town of Kuressaare.

From the 13th century until the first half of the 20th century, the island of Saaremaa was known in most of the world by variants of its other historical name Ösel.
Melvin Bibo
Melvin Bibo is a Nigerian freestyle wrestler. He won one of the bronze medals in the men's 74 kg event at the 2014 Commonwealth Games and the silver medal in the men's 86 kg event at the 2018 Commonwealth Games.

In 2016, he won one of the bronze medals in the men's 74 kg event at the 2016 African Wrestling Championships. At the 2018 African Wrestling Championships he won the gold medal in the men's 86 kg event. The following year at the 2019 African Wrestling Championships he won one of the bronze medals in the men's 86 kg event.

Wrestling at the 2014 Commonwealth Games – Men's freestyle 74 kg
The men's 74 kg freestyle wrestling competitions at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow, Scotland was held on 29 July at the Scottish Exhibition and Conference Centre.

This freestyle wrestling competition consists of a single-elimination tournament, with a repechage used to determine the winner of two bronze medals. The two finalists face off for gold and silver medals. Each wrestler who loses to one of the two finalists moves into the repechage, culminating in a pair of bronze medal matches featuring the semifinal losers each facing the remaining repechage opponent from their half of the bracket.
Tadas Babelis
Tadas Babelis (born 25 February 1997) is a Lithuanian tennis player.

Babelis has a career high ATP singles ranking of 1316 achieved on 1 May 2017. He also has a career high ATP doubles ranking of 803 achieved on 29 October 2018.

Babelis represents Lithuania at the Davis Cup, where he has a W/L record of 1–7.

Lithuania Davis Cup team
The Lithuania men's national tennis team represents Lithuania in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the Lithuanian Tennis Association.

Lithuania has never been a tennis country – no tennis player from Lithuania entered ATP top 500 until 2008. However, the situation is changing in recent years. Currently young Lithuanian players are winning the greatest tennis victories in the history of Lithuania. As expected, this led to the increasing popularity of tennis in the country. Now, Lithuania has a few very high quality players.

In 2012 Lithuania competed in the third group of Davis Cup, where they won all three ties and got promoted to the second group. It played seven times  there. Also, it has competed in the third group for 13 times. And once have been promoted to group one, where Lithuania team is currently playing.
Potrerillos, Chiriquí
Potrerillos is a corregimiento in Dolega District, Chiriquí Province, Panama. It has a land area of 55.4 square kilometres (21.4 sq mi) and had a population of 1,562 as of 2010, giving it a population density of 28.2 inhabitants per square kilometre (73/sq mi). Its population as of 1990 was 1,157; its population as of 2000 was 1,378.

Chiriquí Province
Chiriquí, officially the Chiriquí Province (Spanish: Provincia de Chiriquí, pronounced [tʃiɾiˈki]), is a province of Panama located on the western coast; it is the second most developed province in the country, after Panamá Province. Its capital is the city of David. It has a total area of 6,490.9 km2, with a population of 471,071 as of the year 2023.
The province of Chiriquí is bordered to the north by the province of Bocas del Toro, to the west by Costa Rica, to the east by the province of Veraguas, and to the south by the Pacific Ocean, specifically the Gulf of Chiriquí.
Live at Manchester Free Trade Hall '75
Live at Manchester Free Trade Hall '75 is a live album by the Jack Bruce Band released in 2003. It was compiled from a rough mix of a recording of a performance at Manchester Free Trade Hall in June 1975, the only surviving remnant of an abandoned live album project. Bruce's bass guitar is not very prominent in the mix.

Free Trade Hall
The Free Trade Hall on Peter Street, Manchester, England, was constructed in 1853–1856 on St Peter's Fields, the site of the Peterloo Massacre. It is now a Radisson hotel.

The hall was built to commemorate the repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846. The architect was Edward Walters. It was owned by the Manchester Corporation and was bombed in the Manchester Blitz; its interior was rebuilt and it was Manchester's premier concert venue until the construction of the Bridgewater Hall in 1996. The hall was designated a Grade II* listed building in 1963.
Secondary growth
In botany, secondary growth is the growth that results from cell division in the cambia or lateral meristems and that causes the stems and roots to thicken. In contrast, primary growth occurs as a result of cell division at the tips of stems and roots, causing them to elongate and give rise to primary tissue. Secondary growth occurs in most seed plants, but monocots usually lack secondary growth. If they do have secondary growth, it differs from the typical pattern of other seed plants.

The formation of secondary vascular tissues from the cambium is a characteristic feature of dicotyledons and gymnosperms. In certain monocots, the vascular tissues are also increased after the primary growth is completed but the cambium of these plants is of a different nature. In the living pteridophytes this feature is extremely rare, only occurring in Isoetes.

Seed plant
A seed plant or spermatophyte (from Ancient Greek  σπέρμα (spérma) 'seed' and  φυτόν (phutón) 'plant'; lit. 'seed plant'), also called a phanerogam (taxon Phanerogamae) or a phaenogam (taxon Phaenogamae), is any plant that produces seeds. It is a category of embryophyte (i.e. land plant) that includes most of the familiar land plants, including the flowering plants and the gymnosperms, but not ferns, mosses, or algae.

The term phanerogam or phanerogamae is derived from  Ancient Greek φανερός (phanerós), meaning "visible", in contrast to the term "cryptogam" or "cryptogamae" (from Ancient Greek  κρυπτός (kruptós) 'hidden', and γαμέω (gaméō), 'to marry'). These terms distinguish those plants with hidden sexual organs (cryptogamae) from those with visible ones (phanerogamae).
Bourne SSSI, Avon
Bourne SSSI, Avon (grid reference ST484600) is an 8.47 hectare geological Site of Special Scientific Interest near the village of Burrington, North Somerset, notified in 1992.

This site is of considerable importance because it has provided detailed information upon the composition of a north Mendip Pleistocene alluvial fan. An alluvial fan is a fan-shaped deposit formed where a fast flowing stream flattens, slows, and spreads typically at the exit of a canyon onto a flatter plain.

At Bourne sections have shown highly weathered gravels overlain by sandy silts and clay loams, the highest levels in the sequence
showing evidence of cryoturbation. Two phases of fan sediment deposition were separated by a long period of subaerial weathering, which may represent an interglacial period.

Deposition (geology)
Deposition is the geological process in which sediments, soil and rocks are added to a landform or landmass. Wind, ice, water, and gravity transport previously weathered surface material, which, at the loss of enough kinetic energy in the fluid, is deposited, building up layers of sediment.

This occurs when the forces responsible for sediment transportation are no longer sufficient to overcome the forces of gravity and friction, creating a resistance to motion; this is known as the null point hypothesis. Deposition can also refer to the buildup of sediment from organically derived matter or chemical processes. For example, chalk is made up partly of the microscopic calcium carbonate skeletons of marine plankton, the deposition of which induced chemical processes (diagenesis) to deposit further calcium carbonate. Similarly, the formation of coal begins with the deposition of organic material, mainly from plants, in anaerobic conditions.
Hugh Wirth
Hugh John Wirth AM (9 September 1939 – 5 February 2018) was an Australian veterinarian and animal welfare advocate in Victoria, Australia. In March 2011 he celebrated 30 years as the resident vet on 774 ABC Melbourne.

World Animal Protection
World Animal Protection, formerly The World Society for the Protection of Animals (WSPA), is an international non-profit animal welfare organization that has been in operation since 1981. The charity's mission is to create a better world for animals by protecting them.

The charity has regional hubs in: Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and North America, and offices in 14 countries. Its headquarters is in London.
Charleroi Metro line 1
Line M1 is a line of the Charleroi Metro in Belgium operated by TEC Charleroi, running from the Monument tram stop in Anderlues to the metro loop around central Charleroi, before heading back to Anderlues. Line M1 was created on 27 February 2012 (2012-02-27) to replace former lines 88 and 89 after completion of the loop around central Charleroi. Introduction of new line numbers (M1, M2, M3 and M4) in February 2012 coincided with the formal association of colors to line numbers. The official color for line M1 is red.

Line M1 is identical to Line M2 except that it runs along the downtown loop in a counter-clockwise direction.

Charleroi
Charleroi (UK: /ˈʃɑːrlə.rwʌ/, US: /-rɔɪ, -rwɑː/, French: [ʃaʁləʁwa] ⓘ; Walloon: Tchålerwè [tʃɑːlɛʀwɛ]) is a city and a municipality of Wallonia, located in the province of Hainaut, Belgium. It is the largest city in both Hainaut and Wallonia. The city is situated in the valley of the Sambre, in the south-west of Belgium, not far from the border with France. By 1 January 2008, the total population of Charleroi was 201,593. The metropolitan area, including the outer commuter zone, covers an area of 1,462 square kilometres (564 sq mi) with a total population of 522,522 by 1 January 2008, ranking it as the 5th most populous in Belgium after Brussels, Antwerp, Liège, and Ghent. The inhabitants are called Carolorégiens or simply Carolos.
Kataja
Kataja is an islet south of Haparanda in Norrbotten. It is the easternmost point of Sweden and it is part of the Haparanda archipelago. The islet has an area of 71 hectares (180 acres). It is about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) long and 200 to 500 metres (660 to 1,640 ft) wide.

The name "Kataja" is Finnish for juniper. The island is divided between Sweden and Finland. The border was established in 1809 between two islands, a larger Swedish one called Kataja and a smaller Finnish one called Inakari. In the years since then, post-glacial rebound has caused the land in the region to rise relative to sea level, joining the two islands. The border now crosses the southeastern part of the combined island, and is marked by two national cairns. The border on the island is around 420 metres (1,380 ft) long.

Kataja's beaches are mostly boulders with some sand. The eastern peninsula is covered in deciduous trees such as rowan, alder and willow, while the remainder is covered by coniferous trees.

Norrbotten
Norrbotten (Swedish: [ˈnɔ̂rːˌbɔtːɛn]; Meänkieli: Norrbotteni), sometimes called North Bothnia, is a Swedish province (landskap) in northernmost Sweden. It borders south to Västerbotten, west to Swedish Lapland, and east to Finland.
Monmouth Town Council
Monmouth Town Council is the town council of the traditional county town of Monmouth, south-east Wales. The Council comprises 19 members, who are elected every five years. The Mayor is the titular head of the council. The council has its offices in the Shire Hall, a Grade I listed building owned by Monmouthshire County Council.

Monmouth is located within the principal area of Monmouthshire (Welsh: Cyngor Sir Fynwy), one of the 22 unitary authorities of Wales.

Principal area
In England and Wales local government legislation, a principal area is one of the sub-national areas established for control by a principal council. They include most of the areas governed by the lowest level of local government above that of Parish or Community council.
FC City Stars
City Stars was a football club from Lahti in Finland.  The club was formed in 1982 and their home ground is at the Kisapuiston kenttä.  The team last plays in the Kakkonen (Second Division).  The Head coach was to this time Petri Järvinen.

Kolmonen
Kolmonen or III divisioona is the fifth level in the league system of Finnish football and comprises 108 Finnish football teams. The III divisioona was introduced in 1973 and in the mid-1990s became known as the Kolmonen (Number Three in English and Trean in Swedish). Until the end of 2023 season, Kolmonen was the fourth level in the pyramid, but after the creation of new second-tier Ykkösliiga, Kolmonen fell down one level, starting in 2024.
Frank C. Lang
Frank Christian Lang (September 13, 1918 – December 29, 2008) was a highly decorated officer in the United States Marine Corps with the rank of major general. A veteran of three wars, Lang began his career as fighter pilot in World War II and rose to the command of Marine Aircraft Group during the Vietnam War. Lang was promoted to the general's rank following the war and held several important assignments including command of 1st and 3rd Marine Aircraft Wings. He completed his career as Deputy Commander, Fleet Marine Force, Pacific in 1978.

Gray Eagle Award
The Gray Eagle Award is presented to the Naval Aviator on continuous active duty in United States Navy or United States Marine Corps who has held that designation for the longest period of time.
A similar trophy, the Gray Owl Award, is also presented to the Naval Flight Officer on continuous active duty in the U.S. Navy or Marine Corps who has held that designation for the longest period of time.

Because they are also considered Naval Aviators, a third award, the Ancient Albatross Award, is the equivalent to the Gray Eagle Award in the United States Coast Guard and is presented under circumstances similar to that of the Gray Eagle.
Eugène Ménégoz
Eugène Ménégoz (25 September 1838 – 29 October 1921) was a French Lutheran theologian who was a native of Algolsheim, Haut-Rhin.

He studied theology in Strasbourg, and in 1866 became pastor at the parish of Billettes in Paris. In 1877 he was appointed full professor to the Protestant Faculty of Theology in Paris.

With Louis Auguste Sabatier (1839–1921), he was originator of the French "Symbolo-Fideism" movement, a theological concept that was a union of symbolism and fideism. In his lectures and writings Ménégoz stressed that salvation was achieved through the act of faith independent of creed. A few of his more important publications were:

L'autorité de Dieu, réflexions sur l'autorité en matière de foi (1892).

La notion biblique du miracle (1894).

Étude sur le dogmas de la Trinité (1898).

Publications diverses sur le fidéisme et son application à l'enseignement chrétien traditionnel, 5 volumes (1900–21).

Artistic symbol
In works of art, literature, and narrative, a symbol is a concrete element like an object, character, image, situation, or action that suggests or hints at abstract, deeper, or non-literal meanings or ideas. The use of symbols artistically is symbolism. In literature, such as novels, plays, and poems, symbolism goes beyond just the literal written words on a page, since writing itself is also inherently a system of symbols.

Artistic symbols may be intentionally built into a work by its creator, which in the case of narratives can make symbolism a deliberate narrative device. However, it also may be decided upon by the audience or by a consensus of scholars through their interpretation of the work. Various synonyms exist for this type of symbol, based on specific genre, artistic medium, or domain: visual symbol, literary symbol, poetic symbol, etc.
4th National Film Awards
The 4th National Film Awards, then known as State Awards for Films, presented by Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, India to felicitate the best of Indian Cinema released in the year 1956. Ceremony took place at Vigyan Bhavan, New Delhi on 28 April 1957 and awards were given by then President of India, Dr. Rajendra Prasad.

Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)
The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting is a ministerial level agency of the Government of India responsible for the formulation and administration of rules, regulations and laws in the areas of information, broadcasting, the press, and the cinema of India.

The Ministry is responsible for the administration of the Press Information Bureau and Prasar Bharati, the broadcasting arm of the Indian Government. The Central Board of Film Certification is the other important statutory body subordinate to this ministry, responsible for the regulation and certification of motion pictures broadcast in India.
Jonathan O. Moseley
Jonathan Ogden Moseley (April 9, 1762 – September 9, 1838) was a member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Connecticut. He was born in East Haddam, Connecticut, the only child of Thomas Moseley, a physician, and Phebe Ogden. He graduated from Yale College in 1780, studied law, was admitted to the bar and began practice in East Haddam.

Moseley was a member of the State house of representatives from 1794 to 1804 and served as justice of the peace of East Haddam from 1794 to 1817. He also served as state's attorney of Middlesex County from 1801 to 1805, and was colonel of the Twenty-fourth Regiment of the Connecticut Militia in 1802.

He was elected as a Federalist to the Ninth and to the seven succeeding Congresses (March 4, 1805 – March 3, 1821). After leaving Congress he moved to Saginaw, Michigan, and continued the practice of law until his death in 1838.

East Haddam, Connecticut
East Haddam is a town in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Lower Connecticut River Valley Planning Region. The population was 8,875 at the time of the 2020 census. It includes summer resorts, historical sites, and natural areas.