hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dick Langley
Richard H. Langley (February 22, 1937 – August 9, 2017) was an American attorney and politician in the state of Florida.

Langley was born in Lakeland. He attended the University of Florida. He served in the Florida House of Representatives for the 35th district from 1973 to 1978, as a Republican. He was elected to the State Senate for the 11th district in 1980 and served until 1992. He served on Florida's 1997 Constitutional Revision Commission.

Florida Senate
The Florida Senate is the upper house of the Florida Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Florida, the Florida House of Representatives being the lower house. Article III, Section 1 of the Constitution of Florida, adopted in 1968, defines the role of the Legislature and how it is to be constituted. The Senate is composed of 40 members, each elected from a single-member district with a population of approximately 540,000 residents. The Senate Chamber is located in the State Capitol building.

The Republicans hold a supermajority in the chamber with 27 seats; Democrats are in the minority with 11 seats. One seat is held by an independent, and one seat is vacant.
Epiphanius of Salamis
Epiphanius of Salamis (Ancient Greek: Ἐπιφάνιος; c. 310–320 – 403) was the bishop of Salamis, Cyprus, at the end of the 4th century. He is considered a saint and a Church Father by the Eastern Orthodox, Catholic Churches, and some Presbyterians. He gained a reputation as a strong defender of orthodoxy. He is best known for composing the Panarion, a compendium of eighty heresies, which also included pagan religions and philosophical systems. There has been much controversy over how many of the quotations attributed to him by the Byzantine Iconoclasts were actually by him. Regardless of this, he was clearly strongly against some contemporary uses of images in the church.

Compendium
A compendium (pl. compendia or compendiums) is a comprehensive collection of information and analysis pertaining to a body of knowledge. A compendium may concisely summarize a larger work. In most cases, the body of knowledge will concern a specific field of human interest or endeavor (e.g. hydrogeology, logology, ichthyology, phytosociology or myrmecology), while a general encyclopedia can be referred to as a "compendium of all human knowledge". The word compendium arrives from the Latin word compeneri, meaning "to weigh together or balance". The 21st century has seen the rise of democratized, online compendia in various fields.
Cladonia coniocraea
Cladonia coniocraea, commonly known as the common powderhorn or the powderhorn cup lichen, is a species of fruticose, cup lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. It was first described by  Heinrich Gustav Flörke in 1821 under the name Cenomyce coniocraea, until Kurt Polycarp Joachim Sprengel reclassified it under the genus Cladonia in 1827.

As of July 2021, its conservation status has not been estimated by the IUCN. In Iceland, its conservation status is denoted as data deficient (DD).

Data deficient
A data deficient (DD) species is one which has been categorized by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as offering insufficient information for a proper assessment of conservation.
Green Park Historic District
Green Park Historic District is a national historic district located at Blowing Rock in Caldwell County and Watauga County, North Carolina, United States. The district includes 46 contributing buildings, three contributing sites, and two contributing structures associated with a residential summer resort in the town of Blowing Rock. It includes buildings largely built in the 1920s, in a variety of popular architectural styles including Bungalow / American Craftsman, Colonial Revival and Queen Anne. Notable contributing resources include the McDowell Cottage, Mt. Bethel Reformed Church, Blowing Rock Reception Center/Gift Shop, Robert A. Dunn Cottage, Gideon's Ridge, the James Ross Cannon House, the David Ovens Cottage, Blowing Rock, and the Blowing Rock Country Club Golf Course. Located in the district and separately listed is the Green Park Inn (1891).

The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.

Caldwell County, North Carolina
Caldwell County is a county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. It is located in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains. As of the 2020 census, the population was 80,652. Its county seat is Lenoir. Caldwell County is part of the Hickory-Lenoir-Morganton, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Red Bull BC One (video game)
Red Bull BC One is a rhythm game developed by Smack Down Productions and published by Playlogic Entertainment and Ignition Entertainment for Nintendo DS in 2008. The game is based on the Red Bull BC One breakdancing competition organized by the energy drink company Red Bull.

Breakdancing
Breakdancing or breaking, also called b-boying (when performed by men) or b-girling (women), is a style of street dance developed by African Americans and Puerto Ricans in The Bronx borough of New York City.

Breakdancing consists mainly of four kinds of movement—toprock, footwork, power moves, and freezes—and is typically set to songs containing drum breaks, especially in funk, soul, and hip-hop. Its modern dance elements originated among the poor youth of New York during the 1970s and early 1980s. It is tied to the birth of hip-hop, whose DJs played songs featuring rhythmic breaks for dancers.

The dance form has expanded globally, with an array of organizations and independent competitions supporting its growth. Breaking became an Olympic sport at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, as per a December 7, 2020 decision by the International Olympic Committee, after a proposal by the World DanceSport Federation.
The Culinary Institute of America at Hyde Park
The Culinary Institute of America at Hyde Park is located in the town of Hyde Park, New York, between the Hudson River and U.S. Route 9. The Culinary Institute of America (CIA) campus offers associate and bachelor's degrees and certificate programs in culinary arts and baking and pastry arts. It is the school's primary and largest campus, with about 2,300 students.

The property was first settled around the 1600s, and mills and farms made use of the area's land and streams until the provincial of the Maryland-New York Province of the Society of Jesus purchased the land around 1897. The Jesuits subsequently constructed the present-day Roth Hall and other buildings, operating the property as the novitiate named St. Andrew-on-Hudson from 1903 to 1970. In 1970, the Culinary Institute of America purchased the property and moved its school there from New Haven, Connecticut. The school operates the property as its primary campus.

Adam Tihany
Adam D. Tihany (born: Transylvania in 1948) is a hospitality designer based in New York. He founded the multidisciplinary design firm Tihany Design in 1978, and is considered the origin of the title "restaurant designer". His firm has designed hotel and dining properties at many notable properties around the world. Tihany was named one of the greatest American interior architects by The New York Times in 2001.
Girl in a White Kimono
Girl in a White Kimono (Dutch: Meisje in witte kimono) is an 1894 oil painting by George Hendrik Breitner. The subject of the painting is the sixteen-year-old Geesje Kwak, of whom Breitner made a series of photographs and paintings wearing red and white kimonos. The painting was inspired by the style of Japanese prints and is an example of Japonisme. The painting is in the collection of the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam.

Photograph
A photograph (also known as a photo, or more generically referred to as an image or picture) is an image created by light falling on a photosensitive surface, usually photographic film or an electronic image sensor. The process and practice of creating such images is called photography.

Photographs are now created using a smartphone or camera, which uses a lens to focus the scene's visible wavelengths of light into a reproduction of what the human eye would perceive.
Pharaoh Overlord 1
Pharaoh Overlord #1 is the debut album by Finnish experimental rock band Pharaoh Overlord. It was released on CD in 2000 by Ektro Records.

The album features three members of krautrock-influenced rock band Circle indulging their love for stoner rock. All the tracks are instrumental and follow a basic model of hugely distorted, repetitive riffs. Although Pharaoh Overlord were to move away from this sound in subsequent albums, it remains the cornerstone of their live performances; the song Mangrove appears on both Pharaoh Overlord's live albums, The Battle Of The Axehammer (Live) and Live In Suomi Finland.

Stoner rock
Stoner rock, also known as stoner metal or stoner doom, is a rock music fusion genre that combines elements of doom metal with psychedelic rock and acid rock. The genre emerged during the early 1990s and was pioneered foremost by Kyuss and Sleep.
Uldach
Uldach (fl. 550) was a general of the Byzantine Empire of Hunnish descent.

He was a general in the Byzantine army around 550 AD. He fought alongside Roman commander Artabanes against the Franks in Pisaurum. They saw them advancing along the Ionian coast, slipped down from the city and attacked them, killing them in great number.

His name might have been of Turkic origin.

Ionian Sea
The Ionian Sea is an elongated bay of the Mediterranean Sea. It is connected to the Adriatic Sea to the north, and is bounded by Southern Italy, including Basilicata, Calabria, Sicily, and the Salento peninsula to the west, southern Albania (and western Apulia, Italy) to the north, and the west coast of Greece, including the Peloponnese.

All major islands in the sea, which are located in the east of the sea, belong to Greece. They are collectively named the Ionian Islands, the main ones being Corfu, Kefalonia, Zakynthos, Lefkada, and Ithaca.

There are ferry routes between Patras and Igoumenitsa, Greece, and Brindisi and Ancona, Italy, that cross the east and north of the Ionian Sea, and from Piraeus westward. Calypso Deep, the deepest point in the Mediterranean at 5,109 m (16,762 ft), is in the Ionian Sea, at 36°34′N 21°8′E﻿ / ﻿36.567°N 21.133°E﻿ / 36.567; 21.133. The sea is one of the most seismically active areas in the world.
Vladimir electoral district
The Vladimir electoral district (Russian: Владимирский избирательный округ) was a constituency created for the 1917 Russian Constituent Assembly election. The electoral district covered the Vladimir Governorate. Vladimir was heavily industrialized, second only to Moscow itself. There were many textile mills in Ivanovo-Voznesensky. Out of 11 lists submitted, 7 were approved whilst 4 non-partisan peasants' lists were denied registration.

Vladimir Governorate
Vladimir Governorate (Russian: Владимирская губерния, romanized: Vladimirskaya guberniya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire, the Russian Republic and the Russian SFSR, which existed in 1796–1929.
David Franczyk
David A. "Dave" Franczyk is a councilmember of the Buffalo Common Council, which is the representative legislative branch of the government of Buffalo, New York.  He is also a former Liberal Party and Democratic Party nominee for the United States House of Representatives.

Liberal Party of New York
The Liberal Party of New York is a political party in New York. Its platform supports a standard set of socially liberal policies, including abortion rights, increased spending on education, and universal health care.
Buckpool and Fens Pool Local Nature Reserve
Buckpool and Fens Pool Local Nature Reserve is situated in the Pensnett area of the West Midlands. The largest area of open water in Dudley Metropolitan Borough, it contains both large and small ponds, one end of the Stourbridge Canal, streams and grassy areas. It was created in 1993.

Metropolitan Borough of Dudley
The Metropolitan Borough of Dudley is a metropolitan borough of West Midlands, England. It was created in 1974 following the Local Government Act 1972, through a merger of the existing Dudley County Borough with the municipal boroughs of Stourbridge and Halesowen.

The borough's main settlement is Dudley but it also includes the outlying towns of Brierley Hill, Halesowen, Kingswinford, Lye, Netherton, Sedgley, and Stourbridge.

The borough borders Sandwell to the east, the city of Birmingham to the south east, Bromsgrove to the south in Worcestershire, South Staffordshire District to the west, and the city of Wolverhampton to the north.
Grubovia
Grubovia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Amaranthaceae.

It is native to Hungary, Romania, Yugoslavia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, West Siberia, Mongolia, Tibet and parts of China (Manchuria, Inner Mongolia, Qinghai and Xinjiang).

It has been introduced into Czechoslovakia.

The genus name of Grubovia is in honour of Valeri Grúbov (1917–2009), a Russian botanist with a focus on central Asia.
It was first described and published in Taxon Vol.60 on page 72 in 2011.

Known species, according to Kew:

Grubovia brevidentata G.L.Chu

Grubovia dasyphylla (Fisch. & C.A.Mey.) Freitag & G.Kadereit

Grubovia krylowii (Litv.) Freitag & G.Kadereit

Grubovia melanoptera (Bunge) Freitag & G.Kadereit

Grubovia mucronata G.L.Chu

Grubovia sedoides (Pall.) G.L.Chu

Taxon (journal)
Taxon is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering plant taxonomy. It is published by Wiley on behalf of the International Association for Plant Taxonomy, of which it is the official journal. It was established in 1951 and is the only place where nomenclature proposals and motions to amend the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (except for the rules concerning fungi) can be published. The editor-in-chief is Dirk C. Albach (University of Oldenburg).
AMC and Jeep transmissions
Vehicles made by American Motors Corporation (AMC) and Jeep incorporated a variety of transmissions and transfer case systems. This article covers transmissions used in the following vehicle models and years:

All American Motors (AMC) passenger cars, 1954-1988

Jeep Cherokee XJ (1984–2001)

Jeep Comanche (1986-1992)

Jeep CJ (1976–1986)

Jeep Grand Cherokee WJ (1999–2004)

Jeep Grand Cherokee ZJ (1993–1998)

Jeep Wagoneer/Grand Wagoneer (1963–1993)

Jeep Wrangler YJ (1987–1995)

Jeep Grand Cherokee (ZJ)
The Jeep Grand Cherokee (ZJ) is the first generation of the Jeep Grand Cherokee sport utility vehicle. Introduced in 1992 for the 1993 model year, development of the ZJ Grand Cherokee started under American Motors Corporation (AMC) as a mid-sized successor to the compact Jeep Cherokee (XJ) intended to replace both it and the aging Jeep Wagoneer (SJ) and was continued after the company was acquired by Chrysler in 1987.

Export models produced at the plant in Graz, Austria, were given the vehicle designation of "ZG".
Disturbing the Peace (2009 film)
Disturbing the Peace (Chinese: 老妈蹄花; pinyin: Lǎomā tíhuā) is a 2009 documentary film directed by the Chinese artist Ai Weiwei. In it, he and Pu Zhiqiang talk to police to discover what happened to a female colleague after a police raid on their way to Chengdu as witnesses in the trial of the civil rights advocate Tan Zuoren.

Pu Zhiqiang
Pu Zhiqiang (born 17 January 1965) is a Chinese civil rights lawyer who specialises in press freedom, defamation, and product safety, and other issues. Based in Beijing, he is an executive partner of the Huayi Law Firm. Pu is known for being a prominent member of the Weiquan movement, having advocated for writers and journalists in a number of high-profile cases. Due to the nature of the cases he has taken on and his criticism of official Chinese policies, Pu's actions are monitored by the Chinese state security services, and he has been detained and questioned on several occasions.
Nawzad Hadi Mawlood
Nawzad Hadi Mawlood (Kurdish: نەوزاد هادی) is the former Governor of Erbil Province. Hadi was born to Kurd parents in Erbil in 1963, and he took over as governor in 2004.
Nawzad Hadi resigned from being governor on the 10th of September 2019 and was replaced by Firsat Sofi Ali. He was one of the main heads of the KDP in Erbil.

Erbil Governorate
Erbil Governorate (Kurdish: پارێزگای ھەولێر, romanized: Parêzgeha Hewlêr; Arabic: محافظة أربيل, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Arbīl) is a governorate of Iraq in the semi-autonomous Kurdistan Region. Its capital is Erbil.
2008 Brisbane City Council election
The 2008 Brisbane City Council election was held on 15 March 2008 to elect a lord mayor and 26 councillors to the City of Brisbane. The election was held as part of the statewide local government elections in Queensland, Australia.

The election resulted in the re-election of Campbell Newman of the Liberal Party as Lord Mayor, defeating Labor's Greg Rowell in a landslide with 66.1% of the mayoral two-party-preferred vote. The Liberals also won control of the council chambers, taking 5 wards from Labor for a total of 16 to Labor's 10. This was also the final BCC election contested by the Queensland Liberals, as they merged with the Queensland Nationals to form the Liberal National Party of Queensland a few months later in July.

Brisbane City Council
Brisbane City Council (BCC, also known as Council) is the local government of the City of Brisbane, the capital city of the Australian state of Queensland. The largest local government in Australia by population, BCC's jurisdiction includes 26 wards and 27 elected councillors covering 1,338 km2 (517 mi2). Brisbane City Council consists of the 26 councillors (elected or appointed to represent wards) and the Lord Mayor of Brisbane (currently Adrian Schrinner) (elected by the city as a whole). By resolution, the council may make local laws (previously known as ordinances). The Lord Mayor is responsible for the key executive functions, such as implementing policies, preparing the budget and directing senior employees. They are supported by the Civic Council (formally the Establishment and Coordination (E&C) Committee), whose members are drawn from the council and each chair one of the standing committees. The council's current CEO is Colin Jensen, supported by EO Ainsley Gold.
Napanee station
Napanee station in Napanee, Ontario, Canada is served by Via Rail trains running from Toronto to Ottawa. The 1856 limestone railway station was an unstaffed but heated shelter with telephones and washrooms, which would open at least half an hour before a train arrives. The platform is wheelchair-accessible. As of February 2023, the shelter was locked.

Napanee station is one of originally 34 first generation Grand Trunk Railway stations in Ontario from the same era as the opening of the line. Nine still exist, of which three remain in active service. The station building is owned and maintained by the municipality.

Via Rail
Via Rail Canada Inc. (reporting mark VIA) (/ˈviːə/), operating as Via Rail or Via (stylized as VIA Rail), is a Canadian Crown corporation that operates intercity passenger rail service in Canada.

As of December 2023, Via Rail operates 406 trains per week  across eight Canadian provinces and 12,500 kilometres (7,800 mi) of track, 97 percent of which is owned and maintained by other railway companies, mostly by Canadian National Railway (CN). Via Rail carried approximately 4.1 million passengers in 2023, 96 percent of which were along the Corridor routes connecting the major cities of the Quebec City–Windsor Corridor, and had an on-time performance of 85.4 per cent. Attracting international tourism forms an important part of Via Rail's long distance trans-continental services.
Keith Langseth
Keith Langseth (born January 20, 1938) is a Democratic Farmer Labor Party politician and former member of the Minnesota Senate, representing District 9 since 1981 until 2013. Prior to his election to the Senate, he was a member of the Minnesota House of Representatives from District 9B from 1975 to 1979. He served a combined 36 years in the Legislature. His district included portions of Becker, Clay, Otter Tail, Traverse and Wilkin counties in the northwestern part of the state.

Minnesota Senate
The Minnesota Senate is the upper house of the legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota. At 67 members, half as many as the Minnesota House of Representatives, it is the largest upper house of any U.S. state legislature. Floor sessions are held in the west wing of the State Capitol in Saint Paul. Committee hearings, as well as offices for senators and staff, are located north of the State Capitol in the Minnesota Senate Building. Each member of the Minnesota Senate represents approximately 85,000 constituents.
Bernard C. Schoenfeld
Bernard Cutner Schoenfeld (August 17, 1907 – April 25, 1990) was an American screenwriter.  He wrote for over twenty films and television series including Phantom Lady (1944), The Dark Corner (1946), Caged (1950), Macao (1952), There's Always Tomorrow (1956), and The Twilight Zone episode "From Agnes - with Love" (1964).

The Dark Corner
The Dark Corner is a 1946 American crime film noir directed by Henry Hathaway and starring Lucille Ball, Clifton Webb, William Bendix and Mark Stevens. The film was not a commercial success but has since been described as a "Grade A example of film noir."
Mawlawi Mir Hamza
Mawlawi Mir Hamza was an islamist politician from Afghanistan who served as Vice President of Afghanistan in Mujahideen government in 1990s.

He was born ca 1943-1944. He was a Mawlawi from a madrasa. He became a member of Jamiat-e Islami in 1969. He was Minister of Education in the Pakistani-located mujahideen government of Ahmad Shah Ahmadzai in 1988.
 He was chosen as Vice President of Burhanuddin Rabbani in 1992. He died in office on 12 January 1993 at the age of 50, in a hospital in Peshawar, Pakistan.

Mawlawi (Islamic title)
Mawlawi (Arabic: مولوي, romanized: Mawlawī) is an Islamic religious title given to Muslim religious scholars, or ulama, preceding their names, similar to the titles Mawlānā, Mullah, or Sheikh. Mawlawi generally means a highly qualified Islamic scholar, usually one who has completed full studies in a madrasa (Islamic school) or darul uloom (Islamic seminary). It is commonly used in Iran, Central Asia, South Asia, South East Asia and East Africa. The word Mawlawi is derived from the Arabic word mawla, which has several meanings, including "lord".

Turkish Mawlawi fraternity of Sufis (Muslim mystics) was founded in Konya (Qonya), Anatolia, by the Persian Sufi poet Jalal ad-Din ar-Rumi (d. 1273), whose popular title mawlana (Arabic for "our master") gave the order its name. The order, propagated throughout Anatolia, controlled Konya and environs by the 15th century and in the 17th century appeared in Istanbul.
Geoff Richardson (racing driver)
Geoff Richardson (26 August 1924 – 20 August 2007) was a British racing driver. Although he never entered a World Championship Formula One event, he took part in the 1948 British Grand Prix, participated in many non-championship Formula One and Formula Libre events from the 1940s to the 1960s, and enjoyed a varied motorsport career over several decades. He often raced self-built cars, many under the name of Richardson Racing Automobiles (RRA), among them a modified pre-war Riley, and sports cars based on Aston Martins. In 1953 he agreed to run a prototype Zethrin Rennsport in European events with the Belgian Jacques Swaters, but this project never got past a road-going prototype.

Richardson also took part in the Targa Florio in 1955, and the Intercontinental Formula that was devised as a rival to the new official 1.5-litre Formula One series in 1961.

Formula Libre
Formula Libre, also known as Formule Libre, is a form of automobile racing allowing a wide variety of types, ages and makes of purpose-built racing cars to compete "head to head". This can make for some interesting matchups, and provides the opportunity for some compelling driving performances against superior machinery. The name translates to "Free Formula" – in Formula Libre races the only regulations typically govern basics such as safety equipment.