hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kurdish Heritage Foundation of America
Kurdish Heritage Foundation of America, also known as Kurdish Library and Museum, was a cultural organization based in Brooklyn, New York. It collected items related to Kurdish culture, literature and history. Its library contained around 3,000 volumes on Kurdish-related subjects.

The museum was focused on Kurdish art and handicrafts. This organization was founded by Vera Beaudin Saeedpour in 1981. She was the widow of Homayoun Saeedpour, a Kurd from Sanandaj, Iran. The Library was established in 1986, and the Museum was opened in 1988.

The library published two scholarly research journals: International Journal of Kurdish Studies and Kurdish Life.

After Vera Beaudin Saeedpour died in 2010, the contents of the museum were donated to Binghamton University.

Kurdish literature
Kurdish literature (Kurdish: وێژەی کوردی, romanized: Wêjeya kurdî or ئەدەبی کوردی) is literature written in the Kurdish languages. Literary Kurdish works have been written in each of the six main Kurdish languages: Zaza, Gorani, Kurmanji, Sorani, Laki and Southern Kurdish. Balül, a 9th-century poet and religious scholar of the Yarsani faith, is the first well-known poet who wrote in Gorani Kurdish. Ehmedê Xanî (1650–1707) is probably the most renowned of the old Kurdish poets. He wrote the romantic epic Mem û Zîn in Kurmanji, sometimes considered the Kurdish national epic. Sorani poetry developed mainly after the late 18th century.

Most written Kurdish literature was poetry until the 20th century, when prose genres began to be developed.
Ryan Donnelly (Canadian football)
Ryan Donnelly (born December 13, 1978) is a Canadian former professional football guard for the Hamilton Tiger-Cats and Winnipeg Blue Bombers of the Canadian Football League. He was drafted by the Tiger-Cats in the fourth round of the 2001 CFL draft. He played in preseason games for the Tiger-Cats in 2001 and then returned to McMaster for his final season of CIS football. He then returned to the Tiger-Cats in 2002.

McMaster Marauders football
The McMaster Marauders football team represents McMaster University based in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. The team plays U Sports football in the Ontario University Athletics conference. The Marauders have been playing organized football since 1901 when they played their first exhibition game in the Canadian Intercollegiate Rugby Football Union. The team has appeared in four Vanier Cup games, winning one in 2011.
1989 NCAA Division I women's lacrosse tournament
The 1989 NCAA Division I Women's Lacrosse Championship was the eighth annual single-elimination tournament to determine the national championship for Division I National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) women's college lacrosse. The championship game was played at John A. Farrell Stadium in West Chester, Pennsylvania during May 1989.

The Penn State Nittany Lions won their second championship by defeating the Harvard Crimson in the final, 7–8. This was Penn State's fourth consecutive appearance in the tournament final (2 wins, 2 losses).

The leading scorer for the tournament, with 6 goals, was Karen Everling, from Harvard. The Most Outstanding Player trophy was not awarded this year.

Farrell Stadium
Tomlinson–Fillippo Field at Farrell Stadium is an American stadium on the campus of West Chester University in West Chester, Pennsylvania. Built in 1970, it is primarily used by the school's football and track and field teams.
Provocative Percussion Vol. III
Provocative Percussion Vol. III is a studio album by Enoch Light and the Light Brigade. It was produced by Light and released in 1961 on Light's Command Records label (catalog no. RS 821-SD). The featured musicians included Tony Mottola (guitar), Doc Severinsen (trumpet), Bobby Byrne (trombone), Urbie Green, Bob Haggart, Phil Bodner, Stanley Webb, Moe Wechsler and Joe Wilder. The arrangements were by Lew Davies. The album cover artwork is by abstract painter Josef Albers.

Urbie Green
Urban Clifford "Urbie" Green (August 8, 1926 – December 31, 2018) was an American jazz trombonist who toured with Woody Herman, Gene Krupa, Jan Savitt, and Frankie Carle. He played on over 250 recordings and released more than twenty albums as a soloist. He was inducted into the Alabama Jazz Hall of Fame in 1995.
Corporal of the field
Corporal of the field is a former military rank.

The rank is mentioned in William Shakespeare's Love's Labour's Lost and Ben Jonson's The New Inn. The rank was formerly of an officer in one source equivalent to a "captain of horse" or a brigade major or aide-de-camp

A corporal of the field served as an aide to a staff officer or sergeant major.

Brigade major
A brigade major was the chief of staff of a brigade in the British Army. They most commonly held the rank of major, although the appointment was also held by captains, and was head of the brigade's "G - Operations and Intelligence" section directly, and oversaw the two other branches, "A – Administration" and "Q – Quartermaster". Intentionally ranked lower than the lieutenant colonels commanding the brigade's combat battalions, his role was to expand on, detail and execute the intentions of the commanding brigadier.
The Spanish Match (novel)
The Spanish Match is an 1865 three-volume historical novel by the British writer William Harrison Ainsworth. It was originally serialised in Bentley's Miscellany under the alternative title House of the Seven Chimneys, a reference to the English Embassy in Spain. It was then published in London by Chapman and Hall. It is based on the historic Spanish match, a proposed marriage between the English and Spanish royal families in the 1620s.

Serial (literature)
In literature, a serial is a printing or publishing format by which a single larger work, often a work of narrative fiction, is published in smaller, sequential installments. The installments are also known as numbers, parts, fascicules or fascicles, and may be released either as separate publications or within sequential issues of a periodical publication, such as a magazine or newspaper.

Serialisation can also begin with a single short story that is subsequently turned into a series.  Historically, such series have been published in periodicals. Popular short-story series are often published together in book form as collections.
Bureau of Consular Affairs
The Bureau of Consular Affairs (CA) is a bureau of the United States Department of State reporting to the under secretary of state for management. The mission of the Bureau is to administer laws, formulate regulations and implement policies relating to the broad range of consular services and immigration.

Under Secretary of State for Management
The under secretary of state for management (M) is a position within the United States Department of State that serves as principal adviser to the secretary of state and deputy secretary of state on matters relating to the allocation and use of Department of State budget, physical property, and personnel, including planning, the day-to-day administration of the Department, and proposals for institutional reform and modernization.

The under secretary is appointed by the president of the United States with the consent of the United States Senate to serve at the request of the president.

In 2021, President Joe Biden nominated John R. Bass, a career foreign service officer and former ambassador, to the position.
I Was Lorena Bobbitt
I Was Lorena Bobitt is a 2020 Canadian-American dramatic television film, directed by Danishka Esterhazy. The film stars Luke Humphrey and Dani Montalvo as John and Lorena Bobbitt, the Virginia couple whose troubled marriage became international news in 1993 when Lorena cut off her husband's penis with a knife.

Although primarily acted as a dramatic story, the film also includes some narration by Lorena Bobbitt Gallo herself. Its cast also included Niamh Wilson, Patrice Goodman, Richard Clarkin and Dan Lett.

The film premiered May 25, 2020 on Lifetime. Its broadcast was accompanied by a special public service announcement promoting services to combat domestic violence, starring Humphrey, Montalvo and Gallo.

Niamh Wilson
Niamh Wilson (/niːv/; born March 9, 1997) is a Canadian film and television actress from Toronto, Ontario, known for her role as Lydia in Grease: Rise of the Pink Ladies as well as Jacqueline "Jack" Jones on Degrassi: The Next Generation during seasons 13 and 14. As a child actor, she played notable characters like Corbett in Saw III, reprised in Saw V; Little Claire and Rose in the Canadian horror film The Marsh (2006); and the title role in the Family Channel series Debra!

Wilson's career has spanned over two decades; working with multiple academy award winning filmmakers such as David Cronenberg, Jean-Pierre Jeunet, and Forest Whitaker, as well as the likes of Helena Bonham-Carter, and Kyle Machlachlan.
Vegetarian (film)
Vegetarian (Korean: 채식주의자; RR: Chaesikjuuija) is a 2009 South Korean erotic body horror drama film directed by Lim Woo-Seong based on the 2007 same-titled novel by Han Kang. The film debuted at the 14th Busan International Film Festival on October 8, 2009, and was later released in South Korea on February 18, 2010. In January 2010, it was invited to the World Cinema Narrative Competition at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival.

Justin Chang, writing for Variety, said, "Body horror and body art are conjoined in the tastefully kinky" film, which is a "tonally extreme portrait of a woman who swears off meat before retreating into a literally vegetative state". He wrote that the film is "an audacious if borderline risible psychodrama".

Justin Chang
Justin Choigee Chang is an American film critic and columnist currently working at The New Yorker. He previously worked for Variety and for Los Angeles Times. His 2023 reviews at the Times won the 2024 Pulitzer Prize for Criticism.
Philippine Agenda
Philippine Agenda is a 2007 Philippine television public affairs show broadcast by GMA Network. The show focuses on the 2007 Philippine general election. Hosted by Jessica Soho, Mel Tiangco, Vicky Morales, Mike Enriquez and Arnold Clavio, it premiered on March 25, 2007. The show concluded on May 13, 2007 with a total of 8 episodes.

Mike Enriquez
Miguel "Mike" Castro Enriquez (September 29, 1951 – August 29, 2023) was a Filipino broadcast journalist and television presenter. He started his career as a radio broadcaster in 1969, and after signing with GMA Network in 1995, he became an anchor for Saksi, GMA Network News and 24 Oras. He was also the Consultant for radio operations of GMA Network, and president of the network's regional and radio subsidiary, RGMA Network Inc., and the Station Manager of Super Radyo DZBB 594 AM.

Enriquez was regarded as one of the most influential journalists in the Philippines and a "pillar" of the Philippine broadcasting industry.
Abbottabad District
Abbottabad District (Hindko, Urdu: ضِلع ایبٹ آباد) is a district in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is part of the Hazara Division and covers an area of 1,969 square kilometres (760 mi2), with the city of Abbottabad being the principal town. Neighbouring districts include Mansehra to the north and Haripur to the west in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Muzaffarabad to the east in Azad Jammu and Kashmir and Rawalpindi to the south in the Punjab province. According to the 2023 Pakistani census, the population of Abbottabad District is 1,397,587.

Districts of Pakistan
The districts of Pakistan (Urdu: اِضلاعِ پاكِستان) are the third-level administrative divisions of Pakistan, below provinces and divisions, but forming the first-tier of local government. In total, there are 145 districts in Pakistan. excluding Islamabad Capital Territory. These districts are further divided into tehsils and union councils.
Psyllatos
Psyllatos (Greek: Ψυλλάτος, Turkish: Sütlüce) is a village in the Famagusta District of Cyprus, located 5 km west of Lefkoniko on the main Nicosia-Trikomo highway. It is under the de facto control of Northern Cyprus.

Famagusta District
35°20′N 33°52′E﻿ / ﻿35.333°N 33.867°E﻿ / 35.333; 33.867

Famagusta District, or simply Famagusta, is one of the six districts of Cyprus. While the entire district covers an area of 1,985.3 km2 (766.5 sq mi), only about 244 km2 (94 sq mi) is under the actual control of the Republic of Cyprus. Most of the district including the capital and largest city of Famagusta is under the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus since the 1974 invasion. The region under Cypriot control is isolated from the other districts, and a district administration in exile exists on the Cyprus-controlled part of the island with the seat at Paralimni. The Northern Cyprus has a separate district of Iskele which includes the Karpass Peninsula, and is not recognized by the Republic of Cyprus.
Postage stamps and postal history of the Far Eastern Republic
The Far Eastern Republic, sometimes called the Chita Republic, existed from April 1920 to November 1922 in the easternmost part of Siberia. It was formed from the Amur, Transbaikal, Kamchatka, Sakhalin, and Primorye regions. In theory, it extended from Lake Baikal to Vladivostok but, in May 1921, the Priamur and Maritime Provinces seceded. Although nominally independent, it was largely controlled by the RSFSR and its main purpose was to be a democratic buffer state between the RSFSR and the territories occupied by Japan during the Russian Civil War to avoid war with Japan. Initially, its capital was Verkhneudinsk (now Ulan-Ude), but from October 1920 it was Chita. On 15 November 1922, after the war ended and the Japanese withdrew from Vladivostok, the Far Eastern Republic was annexed by Soviet Russia.

Ulan-Ude
Ulan-Ude (/ʊˈlɑːnʊˈdɛ/; Russian: Улан-Удэ, Russian pronunciation: [ʊˈlan ʊˈdɛ]; Buryat: Улаан-Үдэ, romanized: Ulaan-Üde, IPA: [ʊˌlaːɴ‿ˈʉdə]) is the capital city of Buryatia, Russia, located about 100 kilometers (62 mi) southeast of Lake Baikal on the Uda River at its confluence with the Selenga. According to the 2021 Census, 437,565 people lived in Ulan-Ude; up from 404,426 recorded in the 2010 Census, making the city the third-largest in the Russian Far East by population.
DFW C.I
The DFW C.I biplane reconnaissance aircraft built by the Deutsche Flugzeug-Werke (DFW) during the First World War for the Imperial German Army's (Deutsches Heer) Imperial German Air Service (Fliegertruppen des deutschen Kaiserreiches). First flown in 1915, the aircraft was built in small numbers. The C.II differed from the C.I by switching the positions of the pilot and observer, placing the former in the front cockpit. Surviving aircraft were withdrawn from front-line units and assigned to training units.

Benz Bz.III
The Benz Bz.III was a six-cylinder, water-cooled, inline engine developed in Germany for use in aircraft in 1914. Developing 112 kW (150 hp) at 1,400 rpm from 14.3 L (875 cu in), it powered many German military aircraft during World War I. It was replaced in production by the unrelated Benz Bz.IIIa. and eventually the V-8 Benz Bz.IIIb. The Benz Bz.III was built under licence in Sweden by AB Thulinverken, known as the Thulin E.
Football Cup of the Georgian SSR
The Football Cup of the Georgian SSR (Georgian: საქართველოს სსრ საფეხბურთო თასი) was a playoff republican competition in association football which was held in the Georgian SSR from 1944 to 1989.

Tbilisi tram and trolleybus department team known as TTU were the only four-time winners of the competition. Guria and the Makharadze team under three different names lifted the cup three times each. The latter managed to reach the finals eleven times in total.

Shadrevani-83 were the last winners before Georgia broke away from the Soviet Football Federation and formed its own competitions. Starting from 1990, the Football Federation annually organizes the national cup.

The tournament did not include those clubs who played in first three tiers of Soviet Football and participated in the Soviet Cup, most notably Dinamo Tbilisi, who twice won the main cup competition of the Soviet Union in the late 1970s.

FC Guria Lanchkhuti
FC Guria (Georgian: საფეხბურთო კლუბი გურია) is a Georgian association football club from Lanchkhuti. Following the 2025 season, they were promoted to Liga 3, the third tier of the national league.

Being one of the strongest Georgian teams in the late 1980s and early 1990s, Guria played in the Soviet Top league and also won the national cup. They later played fifteen seasons in the Umaglesi Liga, twice claiming silver medals.

The team plays their home matches at the Evgrapi Shevardnadze Stadium.
Low-volatility anomaly
In investing and finance, the low-volatility anomaly is the observation that low-volatility securities have higher returns than high-volatility securities in most markets studied. This is an example of a stock market anomaly since it contradicts the central prediction of many financial theories that higher returns can only be achieved by taking more risk.

The capital asset pricing model (CAPM) predicts a positive and linear relation between the systematic risk exposure of a security (its beta) and its expected future return. However, the low-volatility anomaly falsifies this prediction of the CAPM  by showing that higher beta stocks have historically underperformed lower beta stocks. Additionally, stocks with higher idiosyncratic risk often yield lower returns compared to those with lower idiosyncratic risk. The anomaly is also document within corporate bond markets.

The low-volatility anomaly has also been referred to as the low-beta, minimum-variance, minimum volatility anomaly.

Pim van Vliet
Pim van Vliet (born 30 September 1977)  is a Dutch fund manager specializing in quantitative investment strategies, with a focus on low-volatility equities. As the head of conservative equities at Robeco Quantitative Investments, van Vliet has contributed to the field through both academic research and practical investment management.
Pamarru Assembly constituency
Pamarru is a Scheduled Caste reserved constituency in Krishna district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Machilipatnam Lok Sabha constituency.

Varla Kumar Raja is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Telugu Desam Party. As of 2019, there are a total of 180,834 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 1951, as per the Delimitation Orders (1951).

2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
The 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election was held in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh on 13 May 2024 for constituting the sixteenth Andhra Pradesh Assembly. They were held alongside the 2024 Indian general election. The election results were declared on 4 June 2024.

The political alliance Kutami, led by the Telugu Desam Party, won the election in a landslide, winning 164 of the 175 seats. The Telugu Desam Party (TDP) won 135 out of 144 contested seats. In comparison, the Janasena Party (JSP) won all the 21 seats it contested and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) won 8 out of 10 contested seats. The incumbent YSR Congress Party (YSRCP) only won 11 seats. The Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA) comprising Indian National Congress (INC), Communist Party of India (CPI) and Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) failed to win any seats, for the third time continuously in a row.
1992 Giro d'Italia, Stage 1 to Stage 11
The 1992 Giro d'Italia was the 75th edition of the Giro d'Italia, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Giro began in Genoa, with an individual time trial on 24 May, and Stage 11 occurred on 3 June with a stage to Imola. The race finished in Milan on 14 June.

Aversa
Aversa (Italian: [aˈvɛrsa]) is a city and comune in the Province of Caserta in Campania, southern Italy, about 24 km north of Naples. It is the centre of an agricultural district, the Agro Aversano, producing wine and cheese (famous for the typical buffalo mozzarella). Aversa is also the main seat of the faculties of Architecture and Engineering of the Università degli studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli" (Campania University "L. Vanvitelli"). With a population of 52,974 (2017), it is the second city of the province after Caserta.
Steven Cozza
Steven Cozza (born March 3, 1985) is a professional road bicycle racer, who last rode for Team NetApp.

Cozza helped his father co-found the Boy Scouts equality advocacy group Scouting for All when he was 12 years old, and was the focus of Scout's Honor, a film that documented his time as a boy scout and his fight against the Boy Scouts of America's discriminatory policy against gays being allowed in the organization.

Cozza broke his left collar bone in his first race of 2010 on stage 2 of the Tour of Qatar, requiring surgery as it was the third time he had broken it. Cozza announced that he would be taking a break from professional cycling in February 2012, in order to fully recover from colitis. As of July 2012 he is a Realtor for Frank Howard Allen in Petaluma, California.

Tour of Qatar
The Tour of Qatar was an annual professional cycling stage race held in Qatar. First organized in 2002, the event was part of the UCI Asia Tour until 2016. The 2017 edition was to have seen the event upgraded to the UCI World Tour for the first time, but it was cancelled due to lack of sponsorship support.

The event consisted of a men's competition over five stages, and, since 2009, a women's competition over four stages – held a week before the men's race. Because Qatar is entirely flat, the tour was almost always won by a sprinter or classics specialist. Belgian Tom Boonen  and Dutchwoman Kirsten Wild hold the record with four overall wins, in the men's and ladies' competition respectively.
Lake Lenore Caves State Park
Lake Lenore Caves State Park is a Washington State Park in the Lenore Canyon extending into the hills from the shore of Lake Lenore. It is part of the Ice Age Floods National Geologic Trail. Lake Lenore and the rock shelter "caves" were caused by basalt coulee cliffs underscoured by the Missoula floods, the same floods that created the Channeled Scablands.

There are indications that Native Americans used the caves for shelter. Some petroglyphs are in the caves.

Coulee
Coulee, or coulée (/ˈkuːleɪ/ or /ˈkuːliː/), is any of various different landforms, all of which are kinds of valleys or drainage zones. The word coulee comes from the Canadian French coulée, from French couler 'to flow'.

The term is often used interchangeably in the Great Plains for any of a number of water features, from ponds to creeks.

In southern Louisiana the word coulée (also spelled coolie) originally meant a gully or ravine usually dry or intermittent but becoming sizable during rainy weather. As stream channels were dredged or canalized, the term was increasingly applied to perennial streams, generally smaller than bayous. The term is also used for small ditches or canals in the swamp.

In the northwestern United States, coulee is defined as a large, steep-walled, trench-like trough, which also include spillways and flood channels incised into the basalt plateau.
Indian Institute of Spices Research
The Indian Institute of Spices Research (IISR) is an autonomous organisation engaged in agricultural research related to spices in India. The institute has its headquarters in Moozhikkal, Silver Hills, Kozhikode, Kerala and is a subsidiary of Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi, under the Ministry of Agriculture, India.

Nutraceutical
Nutraceutical is a term  that evolved scientifically and also through marketing which is used to imply a pharmaceutical effect from plant extracts, compounds, food products which have efficacy and therapeutic influence on clinical outcomes and patient care largely through supplements.

In the United States, nutraceuticals are  considered and regulated as a subset of foods (such as dietary supplements) by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The same is widely accepted in Europe and parts of Asia and Africa.