hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Andrew Messenger
Andrew Messenger (1650 – October 1730) was a deputy of the General Assembly of the Colony of Connecticut from Norwalk in the sessions of May 1691, and October 1696, and a member of the Connecticut House of Representatives in the sessions of October 1700, October 1701, and May 1702.

He was the son of Andrew Messenger and Rachel Manning.

On June 28, 1686, he bought the land of Walter Hoyt.

On December 5, 1694, Messenger was elected by the town of Norwalk, to serve as collector of each townsman's proportion (tax) to pay the minister for his services.

In 1698, it was the special duty of Messenger and John Keeler, as deputies to bring the enforcement of the Game Law to the attention of the native people of the Norwalk area, who had been assigned to the portion of Chestnut Hill called Indian Field.

Connecticut Colony
The Connecticut Colony, originally known as the Connecticut River Colony, was an English colony in New England which became the state of Connecticut. It was organized on March 3, 1636 as a settlement for a Puritan congregation of settlers from the Massachusetts Bay Colony led by Thomas Hooker. The English secured their control of the region in the Pequot War. The colony eventually absorbed the neighboring New Haven and Saybrook colonies. It was part of the brief Dominion of New England. The colony's founding document was the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut, which has been called the first written constitution of a democratic government, earning Connecticut the nickname "The Constitution State".
HSC-5
Helicopter Sea Combat Squadron 5 (HSC-5) (previously Helicopter Anti-Submarine Squadron FIVE (HS-5)), also known as the Nightdippers, is a helicopter squadron of the United States Navy based at Naval Station Norfolk operating the Sikorsky MH-60S Seahawk.  The Nightdippers are a part of Carrier Air Wing Seven and deploy aboard USS George H. W. Bush (CVN-77) to provide anti-surface warfare, search and rescue, vertical replenishment, Combat Search and Rescue and Naval Special Warfare Support capabilities to the carrier strike group.

Vertical replenishment
Vertical replenishment, or VERTREP, is a method of supply of seaborne vessels by helicopter. The United States Department of Defense defines VERTREP as:

...the transfer of cargo between ships using helicopters. VERTREP is often used to supplement connected replenishment. Weapons loads, generally limited to 1,800 kg (4,000 pounds), are transferred from the supply ship to the flight deck of the amphibious ship. The decided advantage of a VERTREP is that it can effect replenishment without ship-to-ship connection.
Ibn al-Munayyir
Nāṣir al‑Dīn Abū al‑Abbās Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad ibn Manṣūr ibn Abī al‑Qāsim al‑Judhāmī al‑Iskandarī (Arabic: ناصر الدين أبي العباس أحمد بن محمد بن منصور بن أبي القاسم الجذامي الإسكندري); commonly known as Ibn al-Munayyīr (Arabic: ابن المنير; 620–683 AH/ 1223–1284 CE) was a celebrated Sunni Egyptian scholar, Mālikī jurist, hadith scholar, Qurʾānic exegete, grammarian, rhetorician, theologian, preacher (khāṭib), and judge (qāḍī) based in Alexandria during the late Ayyubid and early Mamluk periods. He is often mentioned alongside Ibn Daqīq al-ʿĪd and Shihāb al‑Dīn al‑Qarāfī as one of the three foremost scholars in Egypt of his era.

Maliki school
The Maliki school or Malikism is one of the four major schools of Islamic jurisprudence within Sunni Islam. It was founded by Malik ibn Anas (c. 711–795 CE) in the 8th century. In contrast to the Ahl al-Hadith and Ahl al-Ra'y schools of thought, the Maliki school takes a unique position known as Ahl al-A'mal, in which they consider the Sunnah to be primarily sourced from the practice of the people of Medina and living Islamic traditions for their rulings on Islamic law.

The Maliki school is the second largest Sunni school, larger than the Shafi’i school but smaller than the Hanafi school. It is predominant in North Africa, West Africa and the Gulf states of Bahrain, Kuwait and United Arab Emirates. The current Maliki population is said to be around 500 million, comprising about 25% of the total Muslim population.
Dhas
Dhas is a surname.

People with this name include:

Antony Dhas (born 1988), Indian cricketer

Dheena Chandra Dhas (born 1956), Indian actor and singer

Jockson Dhas (born 1995), Indian soccer player

Madhukar C. Dhas (1949-2024), Indian-American singer

Sachin Dhas (born 2005), Indian cricketer

Suresh Dhas, Indian politician

Dheena Chandra Dhas
Dheena Chandra Dhas (born in Madras, India, on 1 August 1956) is an actor, singer, voice over artist and sound engineer. He is the younger brother of the well-known 70s musician Madhukar C. Dhas. He lives in Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu, India.
The State News
The State News is the student newspaper of Michigan State University in East Lansing, Michigan. It is supported by a combination of advertising revenue and a refundable tax ($7.50 in 2018) that students pay at each semester's matriculation. Though The State News is supported by a student tax, the faculty and administration do not interfere in the paper's content. The State News is governed by a Board of Directors, which comprises journalism professionals, faculty and students. In 2010, the Princeton Review ranked The State News as the #8 best college newspaper in the country. And in 2015, the Society of Professional Journalists (SPJ) named TSN as the nation's best daily college newspaper for 2014 and they awarded TSN the Eugene S. Pulliam First Amendment Award in 2025.

The Princeton Review
The Princeton Review is an education services company providing tutoring, test preparation and admission resources for students. It was founded in 1981, and since that time has worked with over 400 million students. Services are delivered by 4,000+ tutors and teachers in the United States, Canada and international offices in 21 countries.; online resources; more than 150 print and digital books published by Penguin Random House; and dozens of categories of school rankings.  The Princeton Review's  affiliate division, Tutor.com, provides online tutoring services.   The Princeton Review is headquartered in New York City and is privately held. The Princeton Review is not associated with Princeton University.
23S rRNA (guanine2445-N2)-methyltransferase
23S rRNA (guanine2445-N2)-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.173, ycbY (gene), rlmL (gene)) is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:23S rRNA (guanine2445-N2)-methyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

S-adenosyl-L-methionine + guanine2445 in 23S rRNA  S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + N2-methylguanine2445 in 23S rRNA

The enzyme methylates 23S rRNA in vitro.

S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine
S-Adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) is the biosynthetic precursor to homocysteine.  SAH is formed by the demethylation of S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Adenosylhomocysteinase converts SAH into homocysteine and adenosine.
Charles Wood, 2nd Viscount Halifax
Charles Lindley Wood, 2nd Viscount Halifax (7 June 1839 – 19 January 1934), was a British Anglo-Catholic ecumenist who served as president of the English Church Union from 1868 to 1919, and from 1927 to 1934. In 1886, he was a former part of Northern Regiment of West Riding Yeomanry Cavalry became a Deputy Lieutenant of the North Riding of Yorkshire, also one of the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and a member of Houses of Laymen for York.

Ecclesiastical Commissioners
The Ecclesiastical Commissioners were, in England and Wales, a body corporate, whose full title was Ecclesiastical and Church Estates Commissioners for England. The commissioners were authorised to determine the distribution of revenues of the Church of England, and they made extensive changes in how revenues were distributed. The modern successor body thereof are the Church Commissioners.
Bridgeport Center
Bridgeport Center (also known as the People's Bank Building) is a continuous complex of low to mid-rise office buildings in downtown  Bridgeport, Connecticut. The complex served as the headquarters of People's United Financial, now a subsidiary of M&T Bank. It serves as the regional headquarters of M&T Bank in New England. It was designed by Richard Meier & Partners Architects LLP and finished construction in 1989. The complex was built in part of efforts to revitalize the city's Downtown. Perhaps best known for its central tower, this 18-story postmodern style building, at 248 feet (76 m) tall, is the tallest building in Bridgeport. It is adjacent to the Barnum Museum.

The building is located at 850 Main Street on the site of the First National Bank Building, which shared the same address.

Law firm Pullman & Comley LLC also has space in the complex.

Postmodern architecture
Postmodern architecture is a style or movement which emerged in the 1960s as a reaction against the austerity, formality, and lack of variety of modern architecture, particularly in the international style championed by Philip Johnson and Henry-Russell Hitchcock. The movement was formally introduced by the architect and urban planner Denise Scott Brown and architectural theorist Robert Venturi in their 1972 book Learning from Las Vegas, building upon Venturi's "gentle manifesto" Complexity and Contradiction in Architecture, published by the Museum of Modern Art in New York in 1966.

The style flourished from the 1980s through the 1990s, particularly in the work of Scott Brown & Venturi, Philip Johnson, Charles Moore and Michael Graves. In the late 1990s, it divided into a multitude of new tendencies, including high-tech architecture, neo-futurism, new classical architecture, and deconstructivism. However, some buildings built after this period are still considered postmodern.
Athletics at the 2015 Pan American Games – Women's 10,000 metres
The women's 10 000 metres sprint competition of the athletics events at the 2015 Pan American Games took place on July 23 at the CIBC Pan Am and Parapan Am Athletics Stadium. The defending Pan American Games champion is Marisol Romero of Mexico.

York Lions Stadium
43°46′30″N 79°30′25″W﻿ / ﻿43.775°N 79.507°W﻿ / 43.775; -79.507

York Lions Stadium is an outdoor sports stadium on the Keele Campus of Toronto's York University in the former city of North York. It is home to the York Lions, the varsity teams of York University, the Toronto Arrows of Major League Rugby and Inter Toronto of the Canadian Premier League. The facility was primarily built for the 2015 Pan American and Parapan American Games, where it hosted track and field events and the opening ceremony. In 2021, the stadium's running track was removed to expand the playing surface used for football and soccer.
Separated sets
In topology and related branches of mathematics, separated sets are pairs of subsets of a given topological space that are related to each other in a certain way: roughly speaking, neither overlapping nor touching.  The notion of when two sets are separated or not is important both to the notion of connected spaces (and their connected components) as well as to the separation axioms for topological spaces.

Separated sets should not be confused with separated spaces (defined below), which are somewhat related but different.  Separable spaces are again a completely different topological concept.

Separable space
In mathematics, a topological space is called separable if it contains a countable dense subset; that is, there exists a sequence  of elements of the space such that every nonempty open subset of the space contains at least one element of the sequence.

Like the other axioms of countability, separability is a "limitation on size", not necessarily in terms of cardinality (though, in the presence of the Hausdorff axiom, this does turn out to be the case; see below) but in a more subtle topological sense.  In particular, every continuous function on a separable space whose image is a subset of a Hausdorff space is determined by its values on the countable dense subset.

Contrast separability with the related notion of second countability, which is in general stronger but equivalent on the class of metrizable spaces.
Njan Kodiswaran
Njan Kodiswaran is a 1994 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by Jose Thomas. The film stars Jagadish, Innocent, Sudheesh, Baiju, Rajan P. Dev, Kuthiravattom Pappu, Oduvil Unnikrishnan, M. S. Thrippunnithra, Jose Pallissery, Vinodhini, Akshara, Nina Kurup, Kaviyoor Ponnamma, Zeenath, Aranmula Ponnamma, etc. The film has musical score by Ouseppachan.

Jose Thomas
Jose Thomas is an Indian film director in Malayalam movies. He directed more than 20 Malayalam movies. His popular movies are Mattupetti Machan, Kanjirapally Kariyachan, Udayapuram Sulthan, Mayamohini and Sringaravelan.
Dwight (surname)
Dwight is the surname of:

Dwight family, a New England family of American educators, military and political leaders, and authors

Ed Dwight (born 1933), African-American test pilot and sculptor

Henry Otis Dwight (1843–1917), American missionary

Henry W. Dwight (1788–1845), American politician

John Dwight (disambiguation)

Mabel Dwight (1875–1955), American artist

Mary Dwight (born 1951), American college volleyball coach and former handball player

Reginald Dwight (born 1947), birth name of Elton John, English singer, songwriter and musician

Roy Dwight (1933–2002), English footballer

Theodore Dwight (disambiguation)

Thomas Dwight (1843–1911), American physician, anatomist, and teacher

Thomas Dwight (politician) (1758–1819), American politician

Tim or Timothy Dwight (disambiguation)

William Dwight (1831–1888), American Union Army general during the American Civil War

William Theodore Dwight (1795–1865), American Congregationalist minister

William Theodore Dwight
William Theodore Dwight (June 15, 1795 – October 22, 1865) was an American minister and member of the prominent Dwight family.

Dwight was the son of Rev. Timothy Dwight, President of Yale College, and Mary (Woolsey) Dwight.
Redmond High School (Oregon)
Redmond High School (RHS) is a public high school in Redmond, Oregon, United States. It is a part of the Redmond School District.

The high school's attendance boundary includes parts of Redmond, as well as Terrebonne and much of Crooked River Ranch.

Redmond, Oregon
Redmond is a city in Deschutes County, Oregon, United States. The population was 33,274 at the 2020 census, and according to 2023 census estimates, the city is estimated to have a population of 37,009.

The city is on the eastern side of Oregon's Cascade Range, in the High Desert in Central Oregon. From Redmond there is access to recreational opportunities.  Redmond is a full-service municipality and one of the fastest-growing industrial and residential communities in Oregon.
Jara Ribnikar
Jara Ribnikar (Serbian Cyrillic: Јара Рибникар; born Jaroslava Hájková; 23 August 1912 – 30 April 2007) was a Yugoslavian and Serbian writer, translator, partisan fighter and politician. She was the second wife of Vladislav S. Ribnikar, journalist and editor-in-chief of Politika, member of the prominent Ribnikar family. She wrote novels, memoires, short stories and poems. Jara Ribnikar was vice-president of the Serbian Literary Guild, president of Serbian (1966–1980) and Yugoslavian PEN Centres and member of the Council of Peoples of the Federal People's Assembly.

Serbian Literary Guild
The Serbian Literary Guild (Serbian: Српска књижевна задруга, romanized: Srpska književna zadruga, SKZ) is Serbia's oldest writers' organization and the second-oldest publishing house after Matica srpska.
Ivo Svetina
Ivo Svetina (born 9 September 1948) is a Slovene poet, playwright and translator. He has won numerous awards for his plays and poetry collections. In 1998 he was appointed Director of the National Theatre Museum of Slovenia. In 2014 he was elected President of the Slovene Writers' Association.

Svetina was born in Ljubljana in 1948. He studied comparative literature at the University of Ljubljana and worked in numerous experimental theatre companies in the late 1960s and 1970s. He worked at RTV Slovenia and the Mladinsko Theatre.

He won the Prešeren Foundation Award in 1988 for his poetry collection Peti rokopisi and in 2010 the Jenko Award for his poetry collection Sfingin hlev.

Jenko Award
The Jenko Award (Slovene: Jenkova nagrada) is a literary award in Slovenia awarded each year for the best poetry collection in Slovene published in the previous two years. It has been bestowed since 1986 by the Slovene Writers' Association. It is named after the 19th-century Slovene poet Simon Jenko.
Penrice, Swansea
Penrice is a village and community in Swansea, Wales, on the Gower peninsula. It had a population of 451 as of the 2011 UK census and the community includes the villages of Oxwich, Oxwich Green, Slade, Little Reynoldston, Horton as well as Penrice itself. Penrice has an elected community council.

Penrice Castle is nearby, as is St Andrew's Church, Penrice. A conservation area covers the village.

Conservation area (United Kingdom)
In the United Kingdom, the term conservation area almost always applies to an area (usually urban or the core of a village) of special architectural or historic interest, the character of which is considered worthy of preservation or enhancement. It creates a precautionary approach to the loss or alteration of buildings and trees, thus it has some of the legislative and policy characteristics of listed buildings and tree preservation orders. The concept was introduced in 1967, and by 2017 almost 9,800 had been designated in England.

As of 2019, 2.2% of England making up 2,938 km2 (1,134 sq mi) is a conservation area, 59% of which are rural, and 41% are in urban areas.
Mohamed Ahmed Mohamud
Mohamed Ahmed Mohamud (Somali: Maxamed Axmed Maxamuud) a.k.a. Dhakool is a Member of Parliament of Somaliland.

Mohamed have been accused of having links to Puntland and SSC and been involved in several attacks on high profile persons in the Sool region in Somaliland. 
Some of the attacks he is accused of having connection to:

On July 1, 2011, Nadifo Mohamed Ol-ujoog, Chairman of Sool Women's Association was shot and wounded.

On March 7, 2011, Mohamed Mohamud Hirsi (Asad) (late husband of Nadifo), leader of Central Investigative Unit in Sool region was killed and his deputy Arab Warsame was injured.

In November 2009 Cornel Ahmed Dahir, who was in charge of the police in Sool region was killed by a roadside bomb.

Parliament of Somaliland
The Parliament of Somaliland consists of two chambers:

The House of Elders (upper chamber)

The House of Representatives (lower chamber)

The current speakership position was established in the 1990s, following the formation of the Somaliland polity. Since July 2023, Yasin Haji Mohamoud has been the Speaker of the House of Representatives of Somaliland, while Said Mire Farah is the first deputy speaker and Ali Hamud the second deputy speaker. The Speaker of the House of Elders is Suleiman Mohamoud Adan, who was elected in 2004.
Ōmāpere
Ōmāpere is a settlement on the south shore of Hokianga Harbour in Northland, New Zealand. State Highway 12 runs through Ōmāpere. Opononi is on the shore to the north of Ōmāpere.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "place of cutty grass" for Ōmāpere.

Ministry for Culture and Heritage
The Ministry for Culture and Heritage (MCH; Māori: Manatū Taonga) is the department of the New Zealand Government responsible for supporting the arts, culture, built heritage, sport and recreation, and broadcasting sectors in New Zealand and advising government on such.
Fort Irwin National Training Center
Fort Irwin National Training Center (Fort Irwin NTC) is a major training area for the United States military in the Mojave Desert in northern San Bernardino County, California. Fort Irwin is at an average elevation of 2,454 feet (748 m). It is located 37 miles (60 km) northeast of Barstow, in the Calico Mountains.

The National Training Center is part of the US Army Combined Arms Command (CAC). The opposing force at the National Training Center is the 11th Armored Cavalry Regiment, the Blackhorse Cavalry, who are stationed at the base to provide an opposing force to units on a training rotation at Fort Irwin. In September 2017, a state-of-the-art hospital was opened that provides healthcare services to the Fort Irwin beneficiaries.

Fort Irwin works within the R-2502 Special Use Airspace Complex.

Mojave River
The Mojave River is an intermittent river in the eastern San Bernardino Mountains and the Mojave Desert in San Bernardino County, California, United States. Most of its flow is underground, while its surface channels remain dry most of the time, except for the headwaters and several bedrock gorges in the lower reaches.
Olive Winchester
Olive May Winchester (1879–1947) was an American ordained minister and a pioneer biblical scholar and theologian in the Church of the Nazarene, who was in 1912 the first woman ordained by any trinitarian Christian denomination in the United Kingdom, the first woman admitted into and graduated from the Bachelor of Divinity course at the University of Glasgow, and the first woman to complete a Doctor of Theology degree from the divinity school of Drew University.

Bachelor of Divinity
In Western universities, a Bachelor of Divinity or Baccalaureate in Divinity (BD, DB, or BDiv; Latin: Baccalaureus Divinitatis) is an academic degree awarded for a course taken in the study of divinity or related disciplines, such as theology or, rarely, religious studies.

At the University of Cambridge, the Bachelor of Divinity degree is considered senior to the university's PhD degree.

In the Catholic universities the Bachelor of Sacred Theology (STB) is often called the Baccalaureate in Divinity (BD) and is treated as a postgraduate qualification.

In America, the BD was largely replaced by the Master of Divinity.
Renaissance in Croatia
The Renaissance in Croatia is a period of cultural enrichment in Croatia that began at the middle of the 15th century and lasted until the end of the 16th century, with high European movement of Renaissance.

Šiško Menčetić
Šišmundo Menčetić (Italian: Sigismondo Menze), known simply as Šiško Menčetić (Croatian pronunciation: [ʃîʃko mɛ̂nt͡ʃɛtit͡ɕ]; 1457–1527) was a poet from Ragusa (modern-day Dubrovnik, Croatia), chiefly creating his opus in the 15th century.
Ministry of Mines and Mining Development (Zimbabwe)
The Ministry of Mines and Mining Development is the government ministry responsible for mines and mining in Zimbabwe. The incumbent minister is Polite Kambamura. It oversees:

Zimbabwe Geological Survey

Zimbabwe Government Mining Engineer

Minerals Marketing Corporation of Zimbabwe

Polite Kambamura
Polite Kambamura is a Zimbabwean politician. He is the current Minister of Mines and Mining Development of Zimbabwe and a member of parliament. He is the member of ZANU–PF. Kambamura graduated from the University of Zimbabwe with a BSc in mining engineering in 2002 before working in mines in Zimbabwe and South Africa.
Jonathan Hay (runner)
Jonathan "Jonny" Hay (born 12 February 1992) is a British middle- and long-distance runner who competes in cross country, track and half marathons.

He was the bronze medallist in the 5000 m at the 2011 European Athletics Junior Championships. He is a three-time participant at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships and has won age category team medals at the European Cross Country Championships.

He is currently sponsored by running shoe company, Hoka One One and is coached by Mick Woods.

European Cross Country Championships
The European Cross Country Championships is an annual international cross country running competition. Organised by the European Athletic Association, it is the area championships for the region and is held in December each year. The championships was inaugurated in 1994 in Alnwick and the venue for the championships changes each year.

Unlike the World Championships for the sport, the European Cross Country Championships consists of six races in age categories, with separate senior, under-23, and junior races for both men and women. There are individual and national team medals awarded in each race. In the team competition, the top three from a team of up to six are scored.