hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Murder of Willie Edwards
Willie Edwards Jr. (November 13, 1932 – January 23, 1957) was a 24-year-old black American, husband and father, who was murdered by members of the Alabama Ku Klux Klan. He is buried at New Pleasant Valley Cemetery in Letohatchee, Alabama.

Alabama River
The Alabama River, in the U.S. state of Alabama, is formed by the Tallapoosa and Coosa rivers, which unite about 6 miles (10 km) north of Montgomery, near the town of Wetumpka.

Over a course of approximately 319 miles (513 km), the river meanders west towards Selma, then southwest until, about 45 miles (72 km) from Mobile, it unites with the Tombigbee, forming the Mobile and Tensaw rivers, which discharge into Mobile Bay.
Agrestius
Agrestius (fl. 433–41) was the bishop of Lugo in the Roman province of Gallaecia. He attended the Council of Orange in the year 441. He is usually identified with the author of the Versus Agresti episcopi de fide ad Avitum episcopum, a poem and letter addressed to Avitus, then prefect of Gaul. The chronicler Hydatius, in his account of 433, suggests that Agrestius had Priscillianist leanings.

Priscillianism
Priscillianism was a Christian sect developed in the Roman province of Hispania in the 4th century by Priscillian. It is derived from the Gnostic doctrines taught by Marcus, an Egyptian from Memphis. Priscillianism was later considered a heresy by both the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Catholic Church.
Helvis of Brunswick-Grubenhagen
Helvis of Brunswick-Grubenhagen (1353 – 15 January 1421) was the queen consort of Cyprus and titular queen consort of Armenia as the wife of King James I of Cyprus. She was styled Queen of Cyprus from 1382 to 1398; although at the time of his ascension to the Cypriot throne, she and James were imprisoned in Genoa after they had been captured by the Genoese on the island of Rhodes. Almost all of Helvis 11 children were born to her while she was held prisoner. In 1385, after negotiations and many ruinous concessions to the Genoese, they were released and James was crowned king. In 1393, she became Queen of Armenia.

Queen consort
A queen consort  is the wife of a reigning king, and usually shares her spouse's social rank and status. She holds the feminine equivalent of the king's monarchical titles and may be crowned and anointed, but historically she does not formally share the king's political and military powers, unless on occasion acting as regent.  In polygynous societies, a (male) monarch has a principal or senior wife.

In contrast, a queen regnant is a female monarch who rules suo jure (Latin for, "in her own right") and usually becomes queen by inheriting the throne upon the death of the previous monarch.

A queen dowager is a widowed queen consort, and a queen mother is a queen dowager who is the mother of the current monarch.
Jacques-Louis de Valon
Jacques Louis Valon, Marquis de Mimeure (19 November 1659, Dijon – 3 March 1719)  was a French soldier and poet.

Menin to Louis, Dauphin of France (1661–1711), he entered on a military career and became lieutenant général. Louis XIV of France promoted the territory of Mimeure to a marquisate around 1697 for him.

He wrote many verses which were not printed. Backed by François Louis de Bourbon-Conti, Madame de Montespan and Nicolas Boileau, he was elected to seat 3 of the Académie française on 2 December 1707. His acceptance speech is said to have been written by Antoine Houdar de la Motte. Valon's last known literary work is a 1715 ode in imitation of Horace. The rue de Mimeure in his birthplace is named after him

Louis, Grand Dauphin
Louis, Dauphin of France (1 November 1661 – 14 April 1711), commonly known as le Grand Dauphin, was the eldest son of King Louis XIV and his spouse, Maria Theresa of Spain and heir apparent to the French throne. He became known as the Grand Dauphin after the birth of his own son, Louis, Duke of Burgundy, the Petit (little) Dauphin. Both of them died before King Louis XIV and thus never became king. Instead, the Grand Dauphin's grandson became King Louis XV at the death of Louis XIV, and his second son inherited the Spanish throne as Philip V through his grandmother, founding the Spanish Bourbon line.
Maxime Monfort
Maxime Monfort (born 14 January 1983) is a Belgian former professional road racing cyclist, who competed professionally between 2004 and 2019 for the Landbouwkrediet–Colnago, Cofidis, Team HTC–Columbia, RadioShack–Leopard, and Lotto–Soudal teams.

Monfort won a variety of races including the Tour de Luxembourg in 2004, the Bayern Rundfahrt in 2010, and the Belgian National Time Trial Championships in 2009. Monfort has also had top grand tour finishes including a 6th-place finish in the 2011 Vuelta a España, and a 16th-place finish in the 2012 Tour de France. He finished 14th in the 2013 Tour de France, marking his highest finish in the Tour.

Cofidis (cycling team)
Cofidis  (UCI team code: COF) is a French professional road bicycle racing team sponsored by a money-lending company, Cofidis.  It was started in 1996 by Cyrille Guimard, the former manager of Bernard Hinault, Greg LeMond and Laurent Fignon of the Renault–Elf–Gitane team of the 1980s. The team's sponsor has supported the team despite repeated problems such as doping scandals. After it was part of the UCI ProTour for the ProTour's first five seasons, from 2010 the team competed as a UCI Professional Continental team. The team joined the UCI World Tour for the 2020 season.
Härjedalspipa
The härjedalspipa is a Swedish traditional fipple flute, similar to the spilåpipa with a slightly softer sound and only six finger holes. The model originated in Härjedalen, hence the name, and the most recognized traditional bearer of the instrument was Olof Jönsson (1867–1953), called Ol'Jansa, in Överberg, Härjedalen. The method of manufacture was preserved thanks to Oskar Olofsson in Lillhärdal, who passed his knowledge on to Gunnar Stenmark in Ås. Stenmark is today the most recognized maker of the instrument.

The traditional Härjedalspipa is made from spruce and tuned in the key of A# at the bottom (all six finger holes covered). The scale includes some blue notes, in particular the third, sixth and seventh which are flat by 20–25 cents compared to the equal temperament scale. Today, instruments are made also in other keys and temperaments.

Härjedalen
Härjedalen (Swedish: [ˈhæ̂rjɛˌdɑːlɛn] ⓘ) is a historical province (landskap) in the centre of Sweden. It borders the Norwegian county of Trøndelag, as well as the provinces of Dalarna, Hälsingland, Medelpad and Jämtland. The province originally belonged to Norway, but was ceded to Sweden in the Second Treaty of Brömsebro in 1645. The province forms the bulk of Härjedalen Municipality of which the village of Sveg is the seat.
Barry Leiba
Barry Leiba (born 1957) is a computer scientist and software researcher.  He retired from IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Center in Hawthorne, New York in February 2009, and now works for FutureWei Technologies as a Director of Internet Standards.  His work has focused for many years on electronic mail and anti-spam technology, on mobile computing and the Internet of things, and on Internet standards.

Anti-spam techniques
Various anti-spam techniques are used to prevent email spam (unsolicited bulk email).

No technique is a complete solution to the spam problem, and each has trade-offs between incorrectly rejecting legitimate email (false positives) as opposed to not rejecting all spam email (false negatives) – and the associated costs in time, effort, and cost of wrongfully obstructing good mail. This leads to combinations of the many techniques in order to achieve the best protection against spam and the potential harms that may come with it, while keeping the emails that should be seen intact.

Anti-spam techniques can be broken into four broad categories: those that require actions by individuals (end-user techniques), those that can be automated by email administrators, those that can be automated by email senders and those employed by researchers and law enforcement officials. They are often used in conjunction with one another.
Salome with the Head of John the Baptist (Luini)
Salome with the Head of John the Baptist is a c. 1527 oil-on-panel painting by Bernardino Luini. It was in the Imperial Gallery, in Vienna, until 1773, when it was swapped for another work and arrived in Florence, where it now hangs in the Uffizi Gallery. Six autograph variants of the work are also now in the Kunsthistorisches Museum, the Louvre, the Boston Museum of Fine Arts, the Prado Museum and Prince Borromeo's collection in Isola Bella.

Isola Bella (Lago Maggiore)
Isola Bella (lit. 'beautiful island') is one of the Borromean islands of Lake Maggiore in Northern Italy. The island is situated in the Borromean Gulf 400 metres from the lakeside town of Stresa. Isola Bella is 320 metres long by 400 metres wide and is divided between the Palace, its Italianate garden, and a small fishing village.
IGES
The Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES) is a vendor-neutral file format that allows the digital exchange of information among computer-aided design (CAD) systems. It is an ASCII-based textual format.: 59

The official title of IGES is Digital Representation for Communication of Product Definition Data, first published in March, 1980 by the U.S. National Bureau of Standards as NBSIR 80-1978.  Many documents (like early versions of the Defense Standards MIL-PRF-28000 and MIL-STD-1840) referred to it as ASME Y14.26M, the designation of the ANSI committee that approved IGES Version 1.0.

Using IGES, a CAD user can exchange product data models in the form of circuit diagrams, wireframe, freeform surface, boundary (B-rep) or solid modeling (CSG) representations. Applications supported by IGES include traditional engineering drawings, models for analysis, and other manufacturing functions.

Freeform surface modelling
Freeform surface modelling is a technique for engineering freeform surfaces with a CAD or CAID system.

The technology has encompassed two main fields. Either creating aesthetic surfaces (class A surfaces) that also perform a function; for example, car bodies and consumer product outer forms, or technical surfaces for components such as gas turbine blades and other fluid dynamic engineering components.

CAD software packages use two basic methods for the creation of surfaces. The first begins with construction curves (splines) from which the 3D surface is then swept (section along guide rail) or meshed (lofted) through.

The second method is direct creation of the surface with manipulation of the surface poles/control points.

From these initially created surfaces, other surfaces are constructed using either derived methods such as offset or angled extensions from surfaces; or via bridging and blending between groups of surfaces.
Archipelago International
Archipelago International is the largest privately owned hotel management company in Southeast Asia. Archipelago International entered the Southeast Asian market in 1997 and as of 2023, has more than 350 properties including hotels, condotels, resorts, serviced apartments, boutique villa resorts, and vacation rental units of which more than 300 are operational (consisting of more than 40,000 rooms), and 100 more hotels are under development.

Archipelago International oversees more than 350 properties with over 40,000 keys across the globe such as Southeast Asia (primarily), Africa, Australia, the Caribbean, and the Middle East.

Resort
A resort (North American English) is a self-contained commercial establishment that aims to provide most of a vacationer's needs. This includes food, drink, accommodation, sports, entertainment and shopping, on the premises. A hotel is frequently a central feature of a resort and the term resort may be used for a hotel that provides an array of entertainment and recreational activities.

Some resorts are also condominium complexes that offer timeshares or fractional ownership, in addition to wholly owned condominiums. A resort is not always a commercial establishment operated by a single company, but in the late 20th century, this type became more common.

In British English, "resort" means a town which people visit for holidays and day trips, typically containing hotels where holidaymakers stay. Blackpool and Brighton in UK and Ayia Napa in Cyprus are examples of such places.
Essex Catholic High School
Essex Catholic Boys High School (formally known as Bishop Francis Essex Catholic High School after 2000) was a four-year Catholic high school located in Newark and East Orange, in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The high school opened in 1957. It was run by the Congregation of Christian Brothers and sponsored by the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Newark until its closure in 2003.

Secondary education in the United States
Secondary education is the last six or seven years of statutory formal education in the United States. It reaches the climax with twelfth grade (age 17–18). Whether it begins with sixth grade (age 11–12) or seventh grade (age 12–13) varies by state and sometimes by school district.

Secondary education in the United States occurs in two phases. The first, as classified by the International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED), is the lower secondary phase, either called a middle school or junior high school. A middle school is for students sixth grade, seventh grade and eighth grade and a junior high school is only for students in seventh and eighth grade.

The second is the ISCED upper secondary phase, a high school or senior high school for students ninth grade through twelfth grade. There is some debate over the optimum age of transfer, and variation in some states; also, middle school often includes grades that are almost always considered primary school.
Tom Anderson Guitarworks
Tom Anderson Guitarworks is an American manufacturer of electric guitars and guitar pickups, based in Newbury Park, California. The company was started in 1984 by Tom Anderson, who is regarded as "one of the most respected names in the […] custom guitar market." They manufacture about 1200 instruments per year and have a reputation for "consistently high build quality, superb playability and innovative tones." Their Atom model was featured in Guitarist magazine's "50 guitars to play before you die".

Guitarist (magazine)
Guitarist is a British monthly music-making magazine published by Future plc. First published in 1984, It is the longest-established European guitar-player magazine and is currently the biggest-selling guitar magazine in the UK. Editor Jamie Dickson has had the position since late 2013. Each issue covers three areas: reviews, interview and technique. This may include reviews of newly released guitars, amplifiers and other equipment; interviews with famous and up-and-coming guitar players; and features on the guitar industry, news articles, playing technique with tablature. Guitarist's slogan was previously "The Guitar Player's Bible", before changing in 2012 to "The Guitar Magazine".
Riverside Studios
Riverside Studios is an arts centre on the north bank of the River Thames in Hammersmith, London, England. The venue plays host to contemporary performance, film, visual art exhibitions and television production.

Having opened in May 1976 (1976-05), the original building closed for redevelopment in September 2014 (2014-09). A new Riverside Studios reopened on its original site in August 2019. In March 2023, the Riverside Trust announced it was placing the theatre into administration because of debt incurred. In January 2025, it was announced that Riverside Studios had been purchased and will be operated by the Anil Agarwal Riverside Studios Trust.

Dane Baptiste
Dane Baptiste (born 3 September 1981) is a British stand-up comedian, writer and presenter. He was the first Black British act to be nominated for the "Best Newcomer" award at 2014's Edinburgh Comedy Awards and his comedy series Sunny D premiered on BBC Three in Spring 2016. He has made numerous TV and radio appearances, and hosts his own podcast Dane Baptiste Questions Everything. In January 2021, Baptiste's comedy pilot Bamous launched on BBC Three / BBC One.
Anthony Terill
Anthony Terill (born 1623, Canford, Dorset, England – died 11 October 1676, Liège (present-day Belgium) was an English Roman Catholic Jesuit theologian.

Born in 1623 as Anthony Bonville to a Catholic mother and a Protestant father, in his 15th year, he was received into the Roman Catholic Church and left England, taking the surname Terill. He studied for about three years at the English College of St. Omer, and then began his studies for the priesthood at the English College, Rome, where he was ordained on 16 March 1687. Two months later he entered the Jesuit novitiate at St Andrea.
After his noviceship, he was successively penitentiary at Loreto, professor of philosophy at Florence, professor of philosophy and scholastic theology at Parma, director of theological studies and professor of theology and mathematics at the English College, Liège, and for three years rector of the same college where he died with a reputation for "extraordinary piety, talent, learning, and prudence".

Loreto, Marche
Loreto (/ləˈrɛtoʊ/ lə-RET-oh, US also /ləˈreɪtoʊ/ lə-RAY-toh, Italian: [loˈreːto]) is a hill town and comune of the Italian province of Ancona, in the Marche region. It is most commonly known as the seat of the Basilica della Santa Casa, a popular Catholic pilgrimage site.
Geragogy
Geragogy (also geragogics) is a theory which argues that older adults are sufficiently different that they warrant a separate educational theory. The term eldergogy has also been used. Some critics have noted that "one should not expect from geragogy some comprehensive educational theory for older adult learners, but only an awareness of and sensitivity towards gerontological issues".

Key distinctions between traditional pedagogy and geragogy include offering "opportunities for older adult learners to set the curriculum themselves and to learn through activities of personal relevance" as well as recognition of age-related issues which may affect learning, such as reduced sensory perception, limited motor capabilities and changes in cognitive processes, especially memory.

Collaborative peer learning, as employed in the University of the Third Age, is a common element within geragogic settings.

Peer learning
One of the most visible approaches to peer learning comes out of cognitive psychology, and is applied within a "mainstream" educational framework: "Peer learning is an educational practice in which students interact with other students to attain educational goals." Other authors including David Boud describe peer learning as a way of moving beyond independent to interdependent or mutual learning among peers. In this context, it can be compared to the practices that go by the name cooperative learning. However, other contemporary views on peer learning relax the constraints, and position "peer-to-peer learning" as a mode of "learning for everyone, by everyone, about almost anything."  Whether it takes place in a formal or informal learning context, in small groups or online, peer learning manifests aspects of self-organization that are mostly absent from pedagogical models of teaching and learning.
Thien Hau Temple
Thien Hau Temple (Vietnamese: Chùa Bà Thiên Hậu) is the Vietnamese name for a Mazu temple, and can refer to:

Thien Hau Temple (Cholon), Ho Chi Minh City

Thien Hau Temple (Los Angeles)

Thien Hau Pagoda, Bình Dương Province

Thien Hau Temple (Cholon)
The Thien Hau Temple (Vietnamese: Miếu Thiên Hậu), officially the Tue Thanh Guildhall (Hội quán Tuệ Thành), is a Chinese-style temple of the Chinese Goddess of Sea, Mazu on Nguyễn Trãi Street in the Cholon ("Chinatown") of District 5 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
The Little Rascals Christmas Special
The Little Rascals' Christmas Special is an American animated Christmas television special based on the Our Gang comedies of the 1920s-40s. The special was produced by King World Productions, and first aired December 3, 1979 on NBC. It is a spoof of the 1905 O. Henry short story The Gift of the Magi.

Eugene "Porky" Lee
Eugene Gordon Lee (October 25, 1933 – October 16, 2005) was an American child actor, most notable for appearing in the Our Gang (Little Rascals) comedies as Porky from 1935 to 1939. During his tenure in Our Gang, Porky originated the catchphrase "O-tay!", though it is commonly attributed to fellow character Buckwheat, played by Billie "Buckwheat" Thomas.
1996 Peach Bowl
The 1996 Peach Bowl featured the Clemson Tigers and LSU Tigers.

LSU scored the final 10 points of the game after Clemson took an early 7–0 lead. After an LSU turnover in the first quarter, Clemson quarterback Nealon Greene ran for a five-yard touchdown. LSU subsequently went on an 80-yard drive capped by Kevin Faulk's three-yard touchdown run. Wade Richey kicked a field goal late in the second quarter for LSU. Neither team was able to score in the second half.

Nealon Greene
Nealon Greene (born April 13, 1976) is an American former professional football quarterback who was active for nine seasons in the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football at Clemson University.
Anthony Veiller
Anthony Veiller (23 June 1903 – 27 June 1965) was an American screenwriter and film producer, who wrote for 41 films between 1934 and 1964. He was twice nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay, for Stage Door (1937) and The Killers (1946).

Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay
The Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay is the Academy Award for the best screenplay adapted from previously established material. The most frequently adapted media are novels, but other adapted narrative formats include stage plays, musicals, short stories, TV series, and other films and film characters. All sequels are also considered adaptations by this standard, being based on the story and characters of the original film.

Prior to its current name, the award was known as the Academy Award for Best Screenplay Based On Material From Another Medium. The Best Adapted Screenplay category has been a part of the Academy Awards since their inception.
Cinema of Rajasthan
The cinema of Rajasthan refers to films produced in Rajasthan in north-western India. These films are produced in various regional and tribal languages including Rajasthani and its varieties such as Mewari, Marwari, Hadoti etc.

Rajasthani languages
The Rajasthani languages are a group of various languages derived from Western Indo-Aryan languages, primarily spoken in Rajasthan and Malwa, and adjacent areas of Haryana, Gujarat and Madhya Pradesh in India and Bahawalpur division of Pakistani Punjab and the adjacent areas of Sindh. They have also reached different corners of India, especially eastern and southern parts, due to the migrations of people of the Marwari community who use them for internal communication. Rajasthani languages are also spoken to a lesser extent in Nepal, where they are spoken by 25,394 people according to the 2011 Census of Nepal.

The term Rajasthani is also used to refer to a literary language mostly based on Marwari.: 441