hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nicholas Wadham (1472–1542)
Sir Nicholas Wadham (before 1472 – 5 March 1542) was an English landowner, courtier, politician, and civil and military administrator from Somerset. His inherited landholdings over three counties included Merryfield in Ilton in Somerset, Catherston Leweston in Dorset, and Edge in Branscombe in Devon.

Romsey Abbey
Romsey Abbey is the name currently given to a parish church of the Church of England in Romsey, a market town in Hampshire, England. Until the Dissolution of the Monasteries it was the church of a Benedictine nunnery. The surviving Norman-era church is the town's outstanding feature and is now the largest parish church in the county of Hampshire since changes in county boundaries led to the larger Christchurch Priory being now included in Dorset. The current vicar is the Reverend Thomas Wharton, who took up the post in September 2018.
American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
The American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO) is a standards setting body which publishes specifications, test protocols, and guidelines that are used in highway design and construction throughout the United States. Despite its name, the association represents not only highways but air, rail, water, and public transportation as well.

Although AASHTO sets transportation standards and policy for the United States as a whole, AASHTO is not an agency of the federal government; rather it is an organization of the states themselves. Policies of AASHTO are not federal laws or policies, but rather are ways to coordinate state laws and policies in the field of transportation.

Guideline
A guideline is a statement by which to determine a course of action. It aims to streamline particular processes according to a set routine or sound practice. They may be issued by and used by any organization (governmental or private) to make the actions of its employees or divisions more predictable, and presumably of higher quality. A guideline is similar to a rule, but are legally less binding as justified deviations are possible.
Hiiumaa Islets Landscape Conservation Area
Hiiumaa Islets Landscape Conservation Area (Estonian: Hiiumaa laidude maastikukaitseala) is a protected area situated in Hiiu County, Estonia. Its area is 3224 ha.

With Käina Bay, there is designated a Ramsar site called Hiiumaa Islets and Käina Bay. The area of this Ramsar site is 17,000 ha.

Hiiu County
Hiiu County (Estonian: Hiiu maakond or Hiiumaa) is one of 15 counties of Estonia, being the smallest county both in terms of area and population. It consists of Hiiumaa (German and Swedish: Dagö), the second-largest island of Estonia, and several smaller islands near it. The county borders Lääne County to the east and Saare County to the south.
Anthology (Marvin Gaye album)
Anthology: The Best of Marvin Gaye is a double CD chronology of American singer Marvin Gaye's career throughout his twenty-year tenure with Motown Records from his first hit song, 1962's "Stubborn Kind of Fellow", to his final Motown R&B charter, "Heavy Love Affair" in 1981. The anthology also covered a set of duet recordings with Mary Wells, Kim Weston, Tammi Terrell, and Diana Ross, as well as unreleased recordings from the 1960s and 1970s.

Gaye's Anthology set was actually released a total of three times in different track listings. The 1974 original, which charted, featured singles spanning from his 1962's "Stubborn" to material from his What's Going On album, while a 1986 re-issue featured songs from Let's Get It On, I Want You and duets with Diana Ross.

The 1995 re-issue deleted some of the duets from the other two releases and included material from Gaye's later period (1978–1981). The set has since been out of stock for some time.

Stubborn Kind of Fellow
"Stubborn Kind of Fellow" is a song by the American soul singer Marvin Gaye, released in 1962 by Motown's Tamla label. Co-written by Gaye and produced by William "Mickey" Stevenson, "Stubborn Kind of Fellow" became Gaye's first hit single, reaching the top 10 of the R&B chart and the top 50 of the Billboard Hot 100 in late 1962.
Sodade
"Sodade" is a Cape Verdean song written in the 1950s by Armando Zeferino Soares, and best popularized by Cesária Évora on her 1992 album Miss Perfumado. The name is the Cape Verdean Creole variant of the Portuguese term saudade.

The authorship of the song was contested, notably by the duo Amândio Cabral and Luís Morais, until a court ruled in December 2006 that Soares was the author.

Cape Verdean Creole
Cape Verdean Creole is a Portuguese-based creole language spoken on the islands of Cape Verde. It is the native creole language of virtually all Cape Verdeans and is used as a second language by the Cape Verdean diaspora.

The creole has particular importance for creolistics studies since it is the oldest living creole. It is the most widely spoken Portuguese-based creole language.
Simon Leung
Simon Wing Hang Leung (born 24 November 1996) is an Australian badminton player specializing in doubles. He won the mixed doubles Oceania Championships title in 2019 and 2020.

Leung represented Australia at the 2020 Summer Olympics. As a mixed doubles badminton team, he and his partner, Gronya Somerville, were placed in the group with the eventual Japanese bronze medalists, and were not able to pick up a win.

Badminton at the 2020 Summer Olympics – Mixed doubles
The mixed doubles badminton tournament at the 2020 Summer Olympics took place from 24 to 30 July at the Musashino Forest Sport Plaza at Tokyo. There were 16 pairs (32 players) from 15 nations competing.

China's Wang Yilyu and Huang Dongping defeated compatriots Zheng Siwei and Huang Yaqiong in the final, 21–17, 17–21, 21–19 to win the gold medal in mixed doubles badminton at the 2020 Summer Olympics. The final featured two Chinese mixed doubles teams for the first time since 2012. In the bronze-medal match, Japan's Yuta Watanabe and Arisa Higashino defeated Tang Chun Man and Tse Ying Suet of Hong Kong 21–17, 23–21. This marked Japan's first Olympic medal in mixed doubles, and made Watanabe the first Japanese male player to win an Olympic badminton medal.
Mirwais Hotak
Mirwais Khan Hotak (c. 1673 – November 1715) was an Afghan ruler from the Hotak sub-tribe of the Ghilji tribe of Pashtuns of Kandahar, Afghanistan, and the short-lived founder of the Hotak dynasty.

In 1709, after overthrowing and assassinating George XI of Kartil, the Safavid Persian governor, Hotak declared independence of the Loy Kandahar region, now southern Afghanistan. Hotak is widely known as Mirwais Nikə (ميرويس نيکه) or Mirwais Baba (ميرويس بابا)—"Mirwais the Grandfather" in Pashto.

Afghans
Afghans are the citizens and nationals of Afghanistan. Afghans comprise various ethnic groups, of which Tajiks, Pushtuns, Hazaras, and Uzbeks are the largest.

The two main languages spoken among the Afghan people are Dari (a variety of Persian) and Pashto. Historically, the ethnonym "Afghan" used to refer to Pashtuns, but later came to refer to all ethnicities in Afghanistan after the 1964 Constitution of Afghanistan proposed by King Mohammad Zahir Shah.
Test Drive
Test Drive is a series of racing video games that were originally published by Accolade until they were bought by Infogrames, which later turned into Atari. The first game was released in 1987 and has since been followed by several sequels and spin-offs, the latest of which was released in 2024 and is the first by Nacon after purchasing the franchise from Atari.

Kylotonn
Kylotonn SARL is a French video game development studio founded in 2006 in Paris. They are best known for their racing games, and were the official developer of the World Rally Championship video game series from 2015 to 2023.
The Crow Garden
The Crow Garden is a historical fantasy and horror novel by English writer Alison Littlewood. It was first published in the United Kingdom in October 2017 by Jo Fletcher Books. Set in Victorian England, the book is about an alienist who becomes infatuated with an enigmatic patient of his at a lunatic asylum in Yorkshire.

The Crow Garden generally received mixed to positive reviews from critics. The book was nominated for the 2018 British Fantasy Society August Derleth Award for Best Horror Novel.

Historical fantasy
Historical fantasy is a category of fantasy and genre of historical fiction that incorporates fantastic elements (such as magic) into a more "realistic" narrative. There is much crossover with other subgenres of fantasy; those classed as Arthurian, Celtic, or Dark Ages could just as easily be placed in historical fantasy. Stories fitting this classification generally take place prior to the 20th century.

Films of this genre may have plots set in biblical times or classical antiquity. They often have plots based very loosely on mythology or legends of Greek-Roman history, or the surrounding cultures of the same era.
Wastebasket taxon
Wastebasket taxon (also called a waste-bin taxon, dustbin taxon or catch-all taxon) is a term used by some taxonomists to refer to a taxon that has the purpose of classifying organisms that do not fit anywhere else. They are typically defined by either their designated members' often superficial similarity to each other, or their lack of one or more distinct character states or by their not belonging to one or more other taxa. Wastebasket taxa are by definition either paraphyletic or polyphyletic, and are therefore not considered valid taxa under strict cladistic rules of taxonomy. The name of a wastebasket taxon may in some cases be retained as the designation of an evolutionary grade, however.

Apomorphy and synapomorphy
In phylogenetics, an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is an apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and is therefore hypothesized to have evolved in their most recent common ancestor.

In cladistics, synapomorphy implies homology.

Examples of apomorphy are the presence of erect gait, fur, the evolution of three middle ear bones, and mammary glands in mammals but not in other vertebrate animals, such as amphibians or reptiles, which have retained their ancestral traits of a sprawling gait and lack of fur. Thus, these derived traits are also synapomorphies of mammals in general as they are not shared by other vertebrate animals.
United Kingdom in the Eurovision Song Contest 2016
The United Kingdom was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2016 with the song "You're Not Alone", written by Matt Schwartz, Justin J. Benson, and S. Kanes, and performed by Joe and Jake. The British participating broadcaster, the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC), selected its entry in the contest via the national final Eurovision: You Decide. Six acts competed in the national final and the winner was selected entirely through a public vote.

As a member of the "Big Five", the United Kingdom automatically qualified to compete in the final of the Eurovision Song Contest. Performing in position 25, the United Kingdom placed 24th out of the 26 participating countries with 62 points.

Mel Giedroyc
Melanie Clare Sophie Giedroyc (/ˈɡɛdrɔɪtʃ/ GHED-roytch, Polish pronunciation: [ˈɡʲɛdrɔjt͡ɕ]; born 5 June 1968) is an English comedian, television presenter and actress.

With Sue Perkins, she has co-hosted series including Light Lunch for Channel 4, The Great British Bake Off for the BBC, and chat show Mel and Sue for ITV. Since 2015, she has held a number of commentating roles for the Eurovision Song Contest. In early 2017, Giedroyc co-presented the BBC show Let It Shine.
2021 Pekao Szczecin Open – Doubles
Guido Andreozzi and Andrés Molteni were the defending champions but only Molteni chose to defend his title, partnering Santiago González. Molteni successfully defended his title.

González and Molteni won the title after defeating André Göransson and Nathaniel Lammons 2–6, 6–2, [15–13] in the final.

Andrés Molteni
Andrés Molteni (Spanish pronunciation: [anˈdɾes molˈteni], Italian: [molˈteːni]; born 15 March 1988) is an Argentine professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He reached his highest ATP doubles ranking of No. 7 on 21 August 2023 and his highest ATP singles ranking of No. 181 in May 2011. He has won 16 doubles ATP titles. He participated in the inaugural 2020 ATP Cup and the 2022 edition as part of team Argentina.
Fork Ridge
Fork Ridge is a ridge located in the Catskill Mountains of New York south-southwest of Phoenicia. Wittenberg Mountain is located southeast, Terrace Mountain is located east-southeast, and Garfield Mountain is located north of Fork Ridge.

Ridge
A ridge is a long, narrow, elevated geomorphologic landform, structural feature, or a combination of both separated from the surrounding terrain by steep sides. The sides of a ridge slope away from a narrow top, the crest or ridgecrest, with the terrain dropping down on either side. The crest, if narrow, is also called a ridgeline. Limitations on the dimensions of a ridge are lacking. Its height above the surrounding terrain can vary from less than a meter to hundreds of meters. A ridge can be either depositional, erosional, tectonic, or a combination of these in origin and can consist of either bedrock, loose sediment, lava, or ice depending on its origin. A ridge can occur as either an isolated, independent feature or part of a larger geomorphological and/or structural feature. Frequently, a ridge can be further subdivided into smaller geomorphic or structural elements.
Behind the Player: Stephen Perkins
Behind The Player: Stephen Perkins is an interactive music video of Jane's Addiction drummer, Stephen Perkins

Released on November 1, 2008, by IMV, the DVD has Perkins giving in-depth drum lessons on how to play, "Mountain Song" and "Been Caught Stealing" by Jane's Addiction and "Pets" by Porno for Pyros and an intimate behind-the-scenes look at his life as a professional musician. Perkins jams "Mountain Song" and "Been Caught Stealing" with the Slipknot bass guitarist Paul Gray, as well as other bonus material.

IMV donates $0.25 from the sale of each DVD to Little Kids Rock, an organization that provides instruments to underprivileged children.

Music Will
Music Will, formerly known as Little Kids Rock (LKR), is a nonprofit charity based in Montclair, New Jersey, that encourages and enables children to play popular music. It provides free music instruction and instruments to public school districts across the country, from kindergarten through high school. Their modern band curriculum is rooted in popular music (e.g., rock, blues, hip hop, reggae, country music, funk, etc.) and their teaching methods are rooted in teaching music as a second language, with a heavy emphasis on composition and improvisation. It is the largest nonprofit music program in US public schools.
Front-facing camera comedy
Front-facing camera comedy is a comedic genre filmed on the front-facing camera of smartphones in which performers deliver in-character monologues while directly facing the camera, sometimes playing multiple roles. Early iterations of front-facing camera comedy went viral on Vine in the early 2010s, and now frequently appear on TikTok, Twitter, and Instagram. Notable practitioners include Cole Escola, Chloe Fineman, and Megan Stalter, the latter of whom has referred to the genre as "solo improv". While it has become a defining form for some comedians, others use it to workshop material that will eventually be polished for use on more traditional platforms.

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in the closure of live comedy venues and a subsequent "pivot" to front-facing camera comedy. In March 2020, New York Times critic Jason Zinoman declared it "the dominant comedy form" of the pandemic.

Cole Escola
Cole Escola (born November 25, 1986) is an American comedian, actor, singer, and playwright. They are best known for their cabaret work and appearances on the television series Difficult People (2015–2017), At Home with Amy Sedaris (2017–2020), Search Party (2020–2021), and Big Mouth (2022), as well as for writing and starring in the play Oh, Mary! which opened on Broadway in 2024. Escola received two nominations for two Tony Awards for their work on Oh, Mary!, winning the Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play. They were also named a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.
2006 in film
The following is an overview of events in 2006, including the highest-grossing films, award ceremonies and festivals, a list of films released and notable deaths. Pixar celebrated its 20th anniversary in 2006 with the release of its 7th film, Cars.

Ken Loach
Kenneth Charles Loach (born 17 June 1936) is a retired English filmmaker. His socially critical directing style and socialist views are evident in his film treatment of social issues such as poverty (Poor Cow, 1967), homelessness (Cathy Come Home, 1966), and labour rights (Riff-Raff, 1991, and The Navigators, 2001).

Loach's film Kes (1969) was voted the seventh greatest British film of the 20th century in a poll by the British Film Institute. Two of his films, The Wind That Shakes the Barley (2006) and I, Daniel Blake (2016), received the Palme d'Or at the Cannes Film Festival, making him one of only ten filmmakers to win the award twice. He also holds the record for the most films screened in the main competition at Cannes with 15.
Re-creation (album)
Re:creation (sometimes stylized as re:creation or re·creation) is the 16th album by the contemporary Christian singer Steven Curtis Chapman. Released on August 9, 2011, the album has eight new mixes of some of Chapman's songs, as well as five new songs and a Christmas hymn. Re:creation received general critical acclaim upon release, and entered the Christian Albums chart at No. 2.

It was his last album with EMI, as the company was being split by Citigroup.  Their recorded music division was sold to Universal Music Group, while their published music division was sold to Sony Music Publishing.  Chapman ended up signing both a recording and publishing deal with Sony Music.

Steven Curtis Chapman
Steven Curtis Chapman (born November 21, 1962) is an American contemporary Christian music singer, songwriter, record producer, actor, author, and social activist.

Chapman began his career in the late 1980s as a songwriter and performer of contemporary Christian music and released over 25 albums. He has also won five Grammy Awards and 59 Gospel Music Association Dove Awards, more Dove awards than any other artist in history. His seven "Artist of the Year" Dove Awards are also an industry record. As of 2022, Chapman has sold more than 16 million albums and has 10 RIAA-certified Gold or Platinum albums.

On July 27, 2024, he was invited to become a member of the Grand Ole Opry by Ricky Skaggs.
John Hamilton (New Zealand politician)
John Ronald Hamilton (1871 – 12 January 1940) was a New Zealand politician of the Reform Party.

Hamilton was born in 1871 in Forest Hill in Southland, where he received his education. He later moved to the nearby Winton. He was the elder brother of Adam Hamilton.

Hamilton unsuccessfully contested the Southland electorate of Awarua in the 1911 and 1914 elections, before he was successful in 1919. He lost the 1922 election, but defeated Philip De La Perrelle of the Liberal Party in 1925, but lost to him in 1928.

In 1935, Hamilton was awarded the King George V Silver Jubilee Medal.

He died at Winton on 12 January 1940.

1925 New Zealand general election
The 1925 New Zealand general election was held 4 November (the Māori vote had taken place the previous day) to elect a total of 80 MPs to the 22nd session of the New Zealand Parliament.

The result was a landslide victory for the Reform Party. A total number of 678,877 (90.02%) voters turned out to vote. In one seat (Bay of Plenty) there was only one candidate.

In 1922, registration as an elector was made compulsory for all those eligible (except Māori).
Roman Heritage Way
The Roman Heritage Way is a long-distance path in England and Scotland. It covers parts of Cumbria, Northumberland, the Scottish Borders, and Tyneside.

The Way was developed from sections of the Hadrian's Wall Path, the Pennine Way, Dere Street, the St. Cuthbert's Way, and a set of Core Paths around Newtown St Boswells and Melrose.

Three main options present themselves to the walker:

Segedunum to Trimontium (Wallsend to Melrose)

Maia Fort to Trimontium (Bowness-on-Solway to Melrose)

Segedunum to Maia Fort (Wallsend to Bowness-on-Solway): Complete length of Hadrian's wall, with a range of Roman forts, museums and exhibitions.

Bowness-on-Solway
Bowness-on-Solway is a village in Cumbria, England, and in the historic county of Cumberland. It is situated to the west of Carlisle on the southern side of the Solway Firth estuary separating England and Scotland. The civil parish had a population of 1,126 at the 2011 census.  The western end of Hadrian's Wall is a notable tourist destination, though the Wall itself is no longer to be seen here above ground.  The west end start/ finish point of the Hadrian's Wall Path - an 84 mile (135 Km) long National Trail stretching coast to coast across northern England - is marked by a pavilion on the small coastal cliff at Bowness. The village is part of the Solway Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.
Guézon, Facobly
Guézon is a town in western Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of the Facobly Department in Guémon Region, Montagnes District.

Guézon was a commune until March 2012, when it was abolished with 1,126 other communes nationwide.

In 2014, the population of Guézon was 8,674.

Guémon
Guémon Region (also known as Yémahin Region) is one of the 31 regions of Ivory Coast. Since its establishment in 2011, it has been one of three regions in Montagnes District. The seat of the region is Duékoué and the region's population in the 2021 census was 930,893.

Guémon is currently divided into four departments: Bangolo, Duékoué, Facobly, and Kouibly.
Carman Newsome
Carman Newsome (June 21, 1912 - July 17, 1974) was an African-American actor, musician and band conductor in the United States. His work includes leading roles in five Oscar Micheaux films.

Born in Kansas, he moved to Cleveland, Ohio when he was a teenager. He went to Cleveland Central High School and started a popular Cleveland Jazz band. Newsome died in Cleveland.

In 1937, Micheaux hired Newsome to handle the sales and distribution of his films. Micheaux picked Newsome as the male lead in "God's Step Children" (1938). Newsome went on to star in four more Micheaux' films.

Cleveland Central High School
For other schools, see Cleveland High School (disambiguation)

Cleveland Central High School is a public high school in Cleveland, Mississippi. The sole high school of the Cleveland School District, it serves Cleveland, Boyle, Renova, and Merigold.

The school occupies the grounds of the old Cleveland High School and Margaret Green Junior High School. Cleveland Central High School itself was formed in 2017 as a consolidation of Cleveland High School and East Side High School after U.S. federal judge Debra M. Brown ordered that they consolidate, as the schools were accused of being segregated. The decision was the result of a court case beginning in 1965.
Wither (Passarella novel)
Wither is a 1999 supernatural novel about ghosts and witches by John Passarella and Joseph Gangemi writing under the pseudonym "J.G. Passerella". Wither was nominated for an International Horror Guild Award and won the Horror Writers Association's Bram Stoker Award for First Novel in 1999. Wither was later followed by the sequels Wither's Rain, Wither's Curse, and Wither's Legacy.

Horror Writers Association
The Horror Writers Association (HWA) is a worldwide non-profit organization of professional writers and publishing professionals dedicated to promoting the interests of horror and dark fantasy writers.