hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Brendan Gough
Brendan Gough is an Irish scholar in the field of critical social psychology. His research explores masculinity, primarily using qualitative methods. As of 2024, he is the Director of Research at Leeds Beckett University. Gough co-founded the journal Qualitative Research in Psychology, for which he also serves as co-editor; additionally, he is the Editor-in-Chief of the journal Social & Personality Psychology Compass.

Gough earned his Doctor of Philosophy from Queen's University Belfast in 1993. He became a fellow of the Academy of Social Sciences in 2016.

Social psychology
Social psychology is the methodical study of how thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others. Although studying many of the same substantive topics as its counterpart in the field of sociology, psychological social psychology places more emphasis on the individual, rather than society; the influence of social structure and culture on individual outcomes, such as personality, behavior, and one's position in social hierarchies. Social psychologists typically explain human behavior as a result of the relationship between mental states and social situations, studying the social conditions under which thoughts, feelings, and behaviors occur, and how these variables influence social interactions.
Nathan Massengill
Nathan Massengill (born 1970) is an American comic book artist, most known for his work as a brush inker. His work includes Marvel Comics' Deadpool and DC Comics' the Justice Society of America. He is best known for inking Ed McGuinness, penciler on the Deadpool series. He is also known for his inking work over pencilers Mike Wieringo (Image Comics' Tellos), Dale Eaglesham (DC Comics JSA), Steve Scott (Marvel Adventures Hulk), and Sanford Greene (Marvel Adventures Spider-Man).

Mike Wieringo
Michael Lance Wieringo (/wɪˈrɪŋɡoʊ/; June 24, 1963 – August 12, 2007), who sometimes signed his work under the name Ringo, was an American comics artist best known for his work on DC Comics' The Flash, Marvel Comics' Spider-Man and Fantastic Four, as well as his own creator-owned series, Tellos. In 2017, the Ringo Awards were created in honor of Wieringo. They are presented at the Baltimore Comic-Con to recognize achievement in the comics industry.
Central Research Institute, Kasauli
The Central Research Institute (CRI), Kasauli is a research institute in the Solan district of Himachal Pradesh, India. Since its inception the institute has developed into a premier institute in research in the field of immunobiology and microbiology.

Currently, the institute serves as a subordinate office of Directorate General of Health Services, under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare of Government of India.

Directorate General of Health Services (Bangladesh)
The Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS) (Bengali: স্বাস্থ্য অধিদপ্তর) is a Bangladeshi government directorate under the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare responsible for health services in Bangladesh.
Rachman
Rachman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abdul Rachman (born 1988), Indonesian professional footballer

Arsyadjuliandi Rachman (born 1960), Indonesian politician

Budhy Munawar-Rachman (born 1963), Indonesian progressive Islamic scholar

Derry Rachman (born 1994), Indonesian professional footballer

Gideon Rachman (born 1963), British journalist

Muhammad Rachman (born 1971), Indonesian professional boxer

Paul Rachman (born 1962), American film director

Peter Rachman (1919–1962), London property owner whose name became a synonym for exploitative landlords ("Rachmanism")

Stanley Rachman (1934–2021), South African-born Canadian psychologist

Tom Rachman (born 1974), English-Canadian novelist

Paul Rachman
Paul Rachman (born September 13, 1962) is an American film director who directed the highly praised 2006 documentary on punk music American Hardcore, which premiered at the Sundance Film Festival and was released by Sony Pictures Classics. He is also one of the founders of the Slamdance Film Festival.

Rachman started his career as a music video director with low-budget videos for hardcore punk bands Gang Green and the Bad Brains.  He was later signed to Los Angeles–based Propaganda Films, where he directed music videos for bands Sepultura, Alice in Chains, Temple of the Dog, The Replacements, Kiss, Pantera, Joan Jett, and Roger Waters, among many others.  He made his feature film debut with the low-budget film noir Four Dogs Playing Poker, starring Forest Whitaker, Tim Curry and Balthazar Getty, released by Warner Home Video.  He lives in New York City.
Odd Fellows Hall (Gonzales, California)
The  Gabilan Lodge No. 372-Independent Order of Odd Fellows, also known as Odd Fellows Lodge, is a building built in 1914 in Gonzales, California, United States.  It was designed in Classical Revival style and served historically as a clubhouse.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986. It currently serves as chambers for the Gonzalez City Council.

Gonzales, California
Gonzales is a city in Monterey County, California, United States. Gonzales is located 16 miles (26 km) southeast of Salinas, at an elevation of 135 feet (41 m). The population was 8,647 at the 2020 census, up from 8,187 at the 2010 census. Gonzales is a member of the Association of Monterey Bay Area Governments. Gonzales won the Culture of Health Prize from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation in 2019.
Andrés Lima (politician)
Andrés Pablo Lima Proserpio (born 31 October 1973) is a Uruguayan politician of the Broad Front, serving as Intendant of the Salto Department since 26 November 2020. He was born in Salto and graduated as a lawyer from the University of the Republic. Raised Catholic, in 2018 he joined the Evangelical Church, to which his then-partner belonged.

Salto, Uruguay
Salto (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈsalto]) is the capital city of the Salto Department in northwestern Uruguay. As of the 2023 census it had a population of 114,084 and is the second most populated city in Uruguay, after Montevideo.
St Peter's Church, Kirk Smeaton
St Peter's Church is the parish church of Kirk Smeaton, a village in North Yorkshire, in England.

The church was originally built in the 12th century, from which period the tower and chancel arches survive, although the chancel arch may have been heightened in the 13th century.  The building was altered in the 14th and 15th centuries, but was largely rebuilt in 1864.  The church was grade II* listed in 1968.

The church is built of magnesian limestone with a Welsh slate roof, and consists of a nave, a north aisle, a south porch, a chancel with a north chapel and vestry, and a west tower. The tower has two stages, a chamfered plinth, diagonal buttresses, two two-light west windows, a chamfered band, two-light bell openings with a hood mould, a west clock face, a moulded string course with gargoyles, and an embattled parapet with crocketed finials.  There is a 15th-century plank door, a triple sedilia, and a Norman tub font.

Crocket
A crocket (or croquet) is a small, independent decorative element common in Gothic architecture. The name derives from the diminutive of the Old French croc, meaning "hook", due to the resemblance of a crocket to a bishop's crook-shaped crosier.
Tsudaqar language
Tsudaqar (also Tsudakhar, Cudaxar) is a Dargin language, quite different from the literary variety, spoken by over 33,000 people in the Levashinsky and Akushinsky Districts, Novy Kostek in Khasavyurtovsky District, and Novokare in Babayurtovsky District, Dagestan. The village of Tsudakhar was the traditional center. It is considered to be threatened with extinction, being transmitted to children, but not by all families. In modern times, work is underway to revitalize Tsudaqar and create an alphabet for the language.

Levashinsky District
Levashinsky District (Russian: Левашинский райо́н; Dargwa: Лавашала къатI; Avar: Лаваша мухъ) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the forty-one in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic. The area of the district is 830 square kilometers (320 sq mi).  Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Levashi. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 70,704, with the population of Levashi accounting for 14.2% of that number.
The Turing Test (novel)
The Turing Test is a BBC Books original novel written by Paul Leonard and based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who. It features the Eighth Doctor.

The story is in three parts, written as if it is by three historical figures: the mathematician Alan Turing, and the novelists Graham Greene and Joseph Heller respectively.

Science fiction on television
Science fiction (Sci-fi) first appeared in television programming in the late 1930s, during what is called the Golden Age of Science Fiction. Special effects and other production techniques allow creators to present a living visual image of an imaginary world not limited by the constraints of reality.
Alurak
Alurak (Persian: الورك, also Romanized as Ālūrak) is a village in Doab Rural District, Bazoft District, Kuhrang County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 17, in 4 families.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province
Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (Persian: استان چهارمحال و بختیاری) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Shahr-e Kord. The province lies in the southwest of the country, with an area of 16,332 square kilometers.

The province was classified as part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province lies in the heart of the Zagros Mountains, a mountain range that stretches across north-western Iran and forms a natural barrier between Iran and Iraq.
World Esports Association
The World Esports Association (WESA) is an esports association founded in 2016. After a year of development, it was founded by ESL along with nine esports teams. Its founding members were Fnatic, Natus Vincere, Team EnVyUs, FaZe Clan, Virtus.pro, G2 Esports, North, Splyce, Mousesports, and Ninjas in Pyjamas. However, FaZe Clan dropped out of the organization just a day after it was unveiled due to fears of being locked in an exclusivity contract limiting the tournaments teams could play in.

Virtus.pro
Virtus.pro (VP) is an international esports organization founded in 2003 in Russia and, partly due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, acquired by Armenian investors in 2022. The organization has players competing in such games as Counter-Strike 2, Dota 2, Rainbow Six Siege, Warface and EFT: Arena.

Virtus.pro's Dota 2 team has participated in multiple Majors, winning record (tied with Team Secret) 5 of them and becoming the best Dota Pro Circuit first season team. Their League of Legends team won LCL Spring 2017.

VP's former Polish CS:GO team is considered one of the best teams in the history of Counter-Strike, winning the EMS One Katowice 2014 Major and several other premier tournaments. VP's 2022 CS:GO team, with CIS players, won the IEM Rio Major 2022 under the name Outsiders.

VP are also members of the Esports World Cup Foundation Club Support Program, funded by Saudi Arabia's Public Investment Fund.
Hitler Sites
Hitler Sites: A City-by-City Guidebook (Austria, Germany, France, United States) by Steven Lehrer is a history and tour of European and American sites related to Adolf Hitler These sites cannot be found in standard guidebooks. Their descriptions comprise a topographical biography of the German dictator and can clarify who and what he actually was. Among the many sites are the middle-class homes and apartments where he grew up in rural Austria and Linz; the tenements and shelters he inhabited before ending up homeless, lice-infested, freezing and penniless in the streets of Vienna; the expansive Munich apartment where he lived as a rising politician and as Führer; and his country home, the Berghof, in Berchtesgaden. Also included are the Führerbau, where he signed the Munich Accords, and the New York home of his reviled nephew, William Patrick Hitler, who enlisted in the US Navy to fight against his uncle during World War II.

Berchtesgaden
Berchtesgaden (German pronunciation: [ˈbɛʁçtəsˌɡaːdn̩] ⓘ) is a municipality in the district Berchtesgadener Land, Bavaria, in southeastern Germany, near the border with Austria, 30 km (19 mi) south of Salzburg and 180 km (110 mi) southeast of Munich. It lies in the Berchtesgaden Alps. South of the town, the Berchtesgaden National Park stretches along three parallel valleys.

The Kehlstein mountain (1,835 m or 6,020 ft), with its Kehlsteinhaus (Eagle's Nest), is located in the area.
Vatrican
Vatrican is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Michel Vatrican (born 1969), Monegasque bobsledder

Thierry Vatrican (born 1975), Monegasque judoka

Louis Vatrican (1904–2007), Monegasque agronomist

Thierry Vatrican
Thierry Vatrican (born 19 August 1975) is a Monegasque former judoka and former footballer who played as goalkeeper for Sun Casino. He competed at the 1996 Summer Olympics and the 2000 Summer Olympics and was the Monegasque flag bearer at both those games.
Bake-out
Bake-out, in several areas of technology and fabrication, and in building construction, refers to the process of using high heat temperature (heat), and possibly vacuum, to remove volatile compounds from materials and objects before placing them into situations where the slow release of the same volatile compounds would contaminate the contents of a container or vessel, spoil a vacuum, or cause discomfort (odor or irritation) or illness. Bake-out is an artificial acceleration of the process of outgassing.

Heat
In thermodynamics, heat is defined as the form of energy crossing the boundary of a thermodynamic system by virtue of a temperature difference across the boundary. A thermodynamic system does not contain heat. Nevertheless, the term is also often used to refer to the thermal energy contained in a system as a component of its internal energy and that is reflected in the temperature of the system.

Calorimetry is measurement of heat by its effect on the states of interacting bodies, for example, by the amount of ice melted or by change in temperature of a body.

In the International System of Units (SI), the unit of measurement for heat is the joule (J).
Trollfjord
The Trollfjord or Trollfjorden is a fjord in Hadsel Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The 2-kilometre (1.2 mi) long fjord cuts into the island of Austvågøya and flows out into the Raftsundet strait. The fjord has a narrow entrance and steep-sided mountains surrounding it. The name is derived from troll, a figure from Norse mythology.

The fjord is a popular tourist attraction due to the beauty of its natural setting. It is only accessible by boat or by a nearby 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) hike over very rugged terrain. The Hurtigruten's ships on the route between Bergen and Kirkenes detour into Trollfjorden. It is also popular with other cruise lines.

Kirkenes
Kirkenes (Norwegian: [ˈçɪ̂rkəneːs] ⓘ), known as Girkonjárga in Northern Sami (pronounced [ˈkir̥ː.ko.ˌɲaːrːka]) and Kirkkoniemi in Kven, is a town in Sør-Varanger Municipality in Finnmark county, in the far northeastern part of Norway. The town lies on a peninsula along the Bøkfjorden, an arm of the large Varangerfjorden, and is located just a few kilometres from the Norway–Russia border.

The 2.29-square-kilometre (570-acre) town has a population (2023) of 3,404 and a population density of 1,486 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,850/sq mi). When the neighbouring suburban villages of Hesseng, Skytterhusfjellet, Sandnes and Bjørnevatn are all included with Kirkenes, the urban area reaches a population of almost 8,000.

Although Kirkenes is the Norwegian town closest to the Russian border, the town of Vardø to its north is located further east in Norway.
CSU Voința Sibiu
CSU Voința Sibiu was a Romanian football team from Sibiu, Sibiu County, founded in 1965 and dissolved in the autumn of 2012. In the summer of 2007, to continue the football tradition of Sibiu after the dissolution of Inter Sibiu in 2001 and FC Sibiu in 2007, the Romanian businessman Ioan Hămbășan took control over the club managed three consecutive promotions from Liga IV to Liga I. It played for one season in Romania's top football league, in the 2011–12 Liga I.

Liga IV
Liga IV is the fourth level of the Romanian football league system and is run in all 41 counties and in the Municipality of Bucharest. It was known as the Regional Championship, County Championship, Divizia C – County Phase and Divizia D. Its name was changed into Liga IV before the start of the 2006–07 season.
Andrew Heeps
Andrew Heeps (15 December 1899 – 1981) was a Scottish professional footballer who played in the Scottish League for Dumbarton and Airdrieonians as a centre half. He also played in the Football League for Brentford.

Dumbarton F.C.
Dumbarton Football Club is a semi-professional football club in Dumbarton, Scotland. Founded on 23 December 1872, they are one of the oldest football clubs in Scotland.

The club plays home games at the Dumbarton Football Stadium next to Dumbarton Castle. They currently play in Scottish League Two.
Ferry Svan
Ferry Svan (born 2 October 1996) is a Swedish professional woodchopper and logging sportsman, and the son of champion skier Gunde Svan. He is the first Swedish person to compete in a World Championship in logging sports, the first Swede to win a World Championship, and the youngest person to compete in logging sports as a Senior athlete. He has previously held four Swedish national records. He competes in the Stihl Timbersports Series. He participated as a celebrity dancer in Let's Dance 2025 broadcast on TV4.

Woodchopping
Woodchopping (also spelled wood-chopping or wood chopping), called woodchop for short, is a sport that has been around for hundreds of years in several cultures. In woodchopping competitions, skilled contestants attempt to be the first to cut or saw through a log or other block of wood. It is often held at state fairs and agricultural shows.  Participants (especially men) are often referred to as axemen.
Feltham and Heston
Feltham and Heston is a constituency in Greater London created in 1974 and represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. Since 2011, its Member of Parliament (MP) has been Seema Malhotra of Labour Co-op.

London Borough of Hounslow
The London Borough of Hounslow (/ˈhaʊnzloʊ/ ⓘ HOWNZ-loh) is a London borough in west London, England, forming part of Outer London. It is governed by Hounslow London Borough Council.

The borough stretches from near Central London in the east (Chiswick) to the border with Surrey in the west (Feltham and Bedfont), covering five major towns: Chiswick (W4), Brentford (TW8), Isleworth (TW7), Hounslow (TW3, TW4, TW5) and Feltham (TW13, TW14); it borders the boroughs of Richmond upon Thames, Hammersmith and Fulham, Ealing and Hillingdon, in addition to the Spelthorne district of Surrey.

The borough is home to the London Museum of Water & Steam and the attractions of Osterley Park, Gunnersbury Park, Syon House, and Chiswick House. Landmarks just outside the border of Hounslow include Twickenham Stadium and London Heathrow Airport, in the London Boroughs of Richmond-upon-Thames and Hillingdon, respectively.
Benjamin B. Patterson
Benjamin B. Patterson (August 15, 1910 – July 5, 1986) was an American businessman and politician.

Patterson was born in Hibbing, St. Louis County, Minnesota. He received his bachelor's degree in commerce from University of North Dakota and then went to graduate school at University of Minnesota in 1966. He lived with his wife and family in Deer River, Itasca County, Minnesota. Patterson was the owner of the Pine Resort in Deer River, Minnesota. He served as the administrative assistant to the Secretary of the Minnesota Senate from 1957 to 1962. Patterson then served in the Minnesota Senate from 1963 to 1966. In 1970, Patterson suffered a stroke and in 1971, he moved to Rochester, Minnesota. He died at the Methodist Hospital in Rochester, Minnesota.

University of North Dakota
The University of North Dakota (UND) is a public research university in Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States. It was established by the Dakota Territorial Assembly in 1883, six years before the establishment of the state of North Dakota.

The university has the only schools of law and medicine in the state of North Dakota. The John D. Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences was the first in the country to offer a degree in unmanned aircraft systems operation. Several national research institutions are on the university's campus including the Energy and Environmental Research Center, the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, and the USDA Human Nutrition Research Center. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral universities – very high research activity".
Prison officer
A prison officer (PO) or corrections officer (CO), also known as a correctional law enforcement officer or less formally as a prison guard, is a uniformed law enforcement official responsible for the custody, supervision, safety, and regulation of prisoners.

Prisoner
A prisoner, also known as an inmate or detainee, is a person who is deprived of liberty against their will. This can be by confinement or captivity in a prison or physical restraint. The term usually applies to one serving a sentence in prison.
Project 635 Dam
The Project 635 Dam (Chinese: "635"水利枢纽工程; pinyin: "635" shuǐlì shūniǔ gōngchéng) is one of the three dams constructed on the Irtysh River in China's Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region. The embankment dam is located in Fuhai County, about 56 km east of Beitun. It creates a reservoir (the Project 635 Reservoir, Chinese: "635"水库), which serves as the source of water for the Irtysh–Karamay–Ürümqi Canal.

Water from the reservoir is used for industry, agriculture and power. Construction on the dam began in 1998 and it began to impound its reservoir in 2000. The dam was complete in 2001.

Beitun, Xinjiang
Beitun (Chinese: 北屯) is a city in the north of Xinjiang, China. Administratively, it is a county-level city under the direct administration of the regional government, though it is geographically located in Altay Prefecture.

Beitun is the headquarter of the 10th Division of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps and currently administered by the 10th Division. Aral implemented the "division and city integration" (师市合一, shī shì héyī) management system, it shares the same leader group with the 10th Division.
Ikazaki, Ehime
Ikazaki (五十崎町, Ikazaki-chō) was a town located in Kita District, Ehime Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 5,746 and a density of 149.29 persons per km2. The total area was 38.49 km2.

On January 1, 2005, Ikazaki, along with the town of Oda (from Kamiukena District), was merged into the expanded town of Uchiko and no longer exists as an independent municipality.

Ikazaki has an annual kite fighting competition on May 5. Bladed metal instruments called 'gagari' are attached to kite strings and used to cut down other kites.

Fighter kite
Fighter kites are kites used for the sport of kite fighting. Traditionally, most are small, unstable single-line flat kites where line tension alone is used for control, at least part of which is manja, typically glass-coated cotton strands, to cut down the line of others.

Kite fighting is contested in many countries, but particularly in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Hong Kong, Nepal, Pakistan, Vietnam, Korea, Thailand, Chile and Brazil.