hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas R. Byrne
Thomas Richard Byrne Sr. (March 9, 1923 – April 5, 2009) was an American politician in Minnesota. He was the Democratic mayor of Saint Paul from 1966 to 1970. He was Catholic and fully Irish. He served in the U.S. Army Air Force in World War II. He was a member of the American Legion and the Veterans of Foreign Wars.

His brother the Most Reverend James Byrne was an auxiliary bishop in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Saint Paul, and later the Archbishop of Dubuque, Iowa. His brother Robert Byrne was an instructor of Latin at Saint Thomas Military Academy, in Saint Paul and later in Mendota Heights, Minnesota.

Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) is a political party in the U.S. state of Minnesota affiliated with the national Democratic Party. The party was formed by a merger between the Minnesota Democratic Party and the Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party in 1944. The DFL is one of two state Democratic Party affiliates with a different name from that of the national party, the other being the neighboring North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party.

The DFL controls four of Minnesota's eight United States House of Representatives seats, both of its United States Senate seats, the Minnesota Senate, and all other statewide offices, including the Governor of Minnesota, making it the dominant party in the state. In the Minnesota House of Representatives, it has a power-sharing agreement with its main political rival, the Republican Party of Minnesota, following a tie in the 2024 Minnesota House of Representatives election.
2010 AON Open Challenger – Doubles
For Tennis in Italy, at this professional tournament, Daniele Bracciali and Alessandro Motti were the defending champions; however, they didn't play together this year.

Bracciali played alongside James Cerretani, while Motti partnered with Walter Trusendi. These two pairs lost to Andre Begemann and Martin Emmrich in the quarterfinals (Motti/Trusendi) and semifinals (Bracciali/Cerretani). This 4th-seeded German pair went on to win the tournament, by defeating Brian Battistone and Andreas Siljeström 1–6, 7–6(7–3), [10–7] in the final.

Walter Trusendi
Walter Trusendi (born 3 January 1985) is an Italian former professional tennis player and competes mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour and ITF Futures, both in singles and doubles.

Trusendi reached his highest ATP singles ranking of World No. 299 in 29 August 2011 and his highest ATP doubles ranking of No. 161 in 31 August 2009.

In final matches to date, he has a career record of 8 wins and 10 losses in singles matches, and 39 wins and 24 losses in doubles matches.

In July 2012, Trusendi qualified for his only career ATP Tour main draw match at the 2012 Croatia Open. He won the necessary 3 consecutive matches in qualifying, against Saša Stojisavljević, Damir Džumhur and Bastian Trinker, before falling in the first round to Daniel Brands of Germany 1-6,  6-7(8-10).
British Columbia Regiment (Duke of Connaught's Own)
The British Columbia Regiment (Duke of Connaught's Own) is a Primary Reserve armoured reconnaissance (recce) regiment of the Canadian Army; the regiment is subordinate to 39 Canadian Brigade Group of the 3rd Canadian Division. Established in 1883, it is the oldest military unit in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It parades at the Beatty Street Drill Hall at the corner of Dunsmuir and Beatty in Downtown Vancouver. The regiment has been variously designated as garrison artillery, rifles, infantry, and armoured, but has been reconnaissance since 1965. It has received 41 battle honours, and has been a unit of the Royal Canadian Armoured Corps since 1942.

Royal Canadian Armoured Corps
The Royal Canadian Armoured Corps (RCAC; French: Corps blindé royal canadien) is the armoured corps within the Canadian Army, including 3 Regular and 18 Reserve Force regiments, as well as the Royal Canadian Armoured Corps School.

The corps was formed as the Canadian Armoured Corps in 1940, within the Canadian Army (Active). In August 1945, it was given its "royal" designation, and following the Second World War, several Reserve Force units were incorporated into the corps. From 1968 until 2013, it was officially named the Armoured Branch.
Vera Kistiakowsky
Vera Kistiakowsky (September 9, 1928 – December 11, 2021) was an American research physicist, teacher, and arms control activist. She was professor emerita at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the physics department and Laboratory for Nuclear Science, and was an activist for women's participation in the sciences. Kistiakowsky was an expert in experimental particle physics and observational astrophysics. Her hobbies included climbing mountains, and she liked to maintain an energetic and fit lifestyle. She was the first woman appointed MIT professor of physics in 1972.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology School of Science
The MIT School of Science is one of the five schools of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. The School, which consolidated under the leadership of Karl Taylor Compton in 1932, is composed of 6 academic departments who grant SB, SM, and PhD or ScD degrees; as well as a number of affiliated laboratories and centers. As of 2020, the Dean of Science is Professor Nergis Mavalvala. With approximately 275 faculty members, 1100 graduate students, 700 undergraduate majors, 500 postdocs, and 400 research staff, the School is the second largest at MIT. As of 2019, 12 faculty members and 14 alumni of the School have won Nobel Prizes.
Chris Twomey
Chris Twomey (born 1954) is an American female multi-media artist and filmmaker. Her work focuses on her life and experience as a springboard for meditations on the human condition where origins and identity in relationship to the individual in society are explored through scientific, psychological, and conceptual art themes.

Chris Twomey works in series using a variety of mediums – film, photography, painting, sculpture, digital media, sound, and installation - which can incorporate one or all these elements.

Sound
Sound is a phenomenon in which pressure disturbances propagate through a transmission medium. In the context of physics, it is characterised as a mechanical wave of pressure or related quantities (e.g. displacement), whereas in physiological-psychological contexts it refers to the reception of such waves and their perception by the brain. Though sensitivity to sound varies among all organisms, the human ear is sensitive to frequencies ranging from 20 Hz to 20 kHz. Examples of the significance and application of sound include music, medical imaging techniques, oral language and parts of science.
Orolik railway station
Orolik railway station (Croatian: Željezničko stajalište Orolik, Serbian Cyrillic: Железничко стајалиште Оролик) is a railway stop on Novska–Tovarnik railway in Croatia. The station is operated by Croatian Railways, the state-owned railway company. It is located at the southern edge of the village of Orolik.

On 19 January 2012 reconstruction of the Orolik railway station was completed. It was a part of reconstruction of nine railway stations on 67 kilometer route between Vinkovci and Tovarnik-Croatia–Serbia border funded from the Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance of the European Union (48%) and Croatian Government (52%).

Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance
The Instrument for Pre-Accession Assistance, or simply IPA, is a funding mechanism of the European Union. As of 2007, it replaced previous programmes such as the PHARE, ISPA,  SAPARD  and CARDS. Unlike the previous assistance programs, IPA offers funds to both EU candidate countries (Albania, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Turkey, Ukraine) and potential candidates (Bosnia and Kosovo).

The previous IPA Regulation covering the period 2007-2013 ("IPA I") was replaced in March 2014 by a new regulation ("IPA II") covering the period 2014–2020. The overall budget allocation for IPA II is EUR 11.7bn. The new regulation streamlined the rules governing access to IPA funds for candidate countries and potential candidates.

A third regulation ("IPA III") covering 2021-2027 is currently being negotiated. The current proposal allocates EUR 14.2bn to fund Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia and Turkey.
Daemokjang
Daemokjang (Korean: 대목장; alternatively Daimokjang) is a style of traditional Korean wooden architecture and a term for the woodworking artisans who create it. The word literally means carpenter. Mokjang means woodworker, and are divided into Somokjang (lit. lesser woodworker) and Daemokjang (lit. greater woodworker). Somokjang who make small wooden objects are joiners; Daemokjang who builds wooden buildings are carpenters. Daemokjang covers the entire field of woodworking and the entire construction process.

Joinery
Joinery is a part of woodworking that involves joining pieces of wood, engineered lumber, or synthetic substitutes (such as laminate), to produce more complex items. Some woodworking joints employ mechanical fasteners, bindings, or adhesives, while others use only wood elements (such as dowels or plain mortise and tenon fittings).

The characteristics of wooden joints—strength, flexibility, toughness, appearance, etc.—derive from the properties of the materials involved and the purpose of the joint. Therefore, different joinery techniques are used to meet differing requirements. For example, the joinery used to construct a house can be different from that used to make cabinetry or furniture, although some concepts overlap. In British English joinery is distinguished from carpentry, which is considered to be a form of structural timber work; in other locales joinery is considered a form of carpentry.
M'Semrir
M'Semrir (Arabic: امسمرير) is a commune in Tinghir Province of the Drâa-Tafilalet administrative region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 8107 people living in 1097 households.

Drâa-Tafilalet
Drâa-Tafilalet (Arabic: درعة - تافيلالت, romanized: darʿa - tāfīlālt) is one of the twelve regions of Morocco. It covers an area of 88,836 km2 and had a population of 1,635,008 as of the 2014 Moroccan census. The capital of the region is Errachidia.
Aeroflot Flight 2808
Aeroflot Flight 2808 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Mineralnye Vody to Ivanovo, both in Russia, with a stopover in Donetsk, Ukraine on 27 August 1992. While attempting to land at Ivanovo airport, the Tupolev Tu-134 crashed into a group of buildings in the village of Lebyazhy Lug. Investigators determined the cause of the accident was errors made by the crew and the air traffic controller. There were no fatalities on the ground, but all 84 people on board the flight died in the crash.

Air traffic controller
An air traffic controller (ATC) is a person responsible for the coordination of air traffic within controlled airspace. Typically they work in area control centers or control towers, where they monitor aircraft movements and maintain direct communication with the pilots.

The profession dates back to the early 20th century, evolving alongside advances in aviation and radar technology to meet the growing demands of air travel.

It is considered to be highly demanding and stressful, requiring continuous decision-making and adaptability, often under time pressure. Factors such as unfavorable work schedules, high responsibility and the reliability of equipment further influence workload and stress levels. Despite these challenges, the role offers competitive salaries and strong job security, which are often cited as key benefits.
Robert M. Hall
Robert M. Hall (September 27, 1909 – December 21, 1998) was an American media executive, founder of Publishers-Hall Syndicate and later Hall Communications.

Born and raised in Providence, Rhode Island, Hall graduated from Brown University in 1934 and from Columbia School of Journalism in 1936. After working as a salesman for United Features Syndicate, he formed the Post Syndicate with the New York Post in 1944, soon renamed Post-Hall Syndicate. In 1955 he bought out the Post and renamed it Hall Syndicate.

In 1964, Hall bought his first radio station in Connecticut, and in 1967 he sold Hall Syndicate to Field Enterprises of Chicago. In the ensuing years he formed Hall Communications and purchased numerous radio stations throughout the eastern United States. He resigned as president in 1991 and chair in 1998, turning the company over to his daughter Bonnie Hall Rowbotham and her husband Art.

Field Enterprises
Field Enterprises, Inc. was a private holding company that operated from the 1940s to the 1980s, founded by Marshall Field III and others, whose main assets were the Chicago Sun and Parade magazine. For various periods of time, Field Enterprises also owned publishers Simon & Schuster and Pocket Books, broadcaster Field Communications, and the World Book Encyclopedia. It also operated a syndication service, Field Newspaper Syndicate, whose most popular offering was the comic strip Steve Canyon.
Kenneth Cairns
Kenneth Cairns MBE (born 20 December 1957) is a British swimmer who won five Paralympic gold medals across five Games, along with several world titles. He broke several records in swimming events, and was appointed Member of the Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 2001 New Year Honours for services to disabled sports.

Cairns was inducted into the Scottish Sports Hall of Fame in 2015, and into the Scottish Swimming Hall of Fame in 2018.

Scottish Swimming Hall of Fame
The Scottish Swimming Hall of Fame, launched in 2010 by Scottish Swimming, is an accolade (and virtual platform) to recognize and celebrate the lifetime achievements of memorable Scottish athletes in all fields of aquatic sports. It is an event that takes place in a Commonwealth Games year, with the ceremony held at the annual awards dinner.
Utsilimakhi
Utsulimakhi (Russian: Уцулимахи; Dargwa: Уцулимахьи) is a rural locality (a selo) in Nakhkinsky Selsoviet, Akushinsky District, Republic of Dagestan, Russia. The population was 159 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Dargwa language
Dargwa (дарган мез, dargan mez) is a Northeast Caucasian language spoken by the Dargin people in the Russian republic Dagestan. This article discusses the literary dialect of the dialect continuum constituting the Dargin languages. It is based on the Aqusha and Urakhi dialects of Northern Dargin.
Camera (magazine)
Camera is a photography review that began its life in Lucerne, Switzerland, later distributed in many countries and languages. The magazine grew to its greatest international influence towards in latter half of its life of sixty years; on the leading edge of almost every important period in photography, Camera was often among the first publications to show the first works of now well-known photographers such as Edward Steichen, Robert Frank and Jeanloup Sieff.

Adopting the name, design and spirit of the magazine's most successful years, in a venture independent of its former publishers, editor Bruno Bonnabry-Duval and journalist Brigitte Ollier re-launched Camera as a quarterly review: the first edition appeared in kiosks on 17 January 2013.

Rotogravure
Rotogravure (or gravure for short) is a type of intaglio printing process, which involves engraving the image onto an image carrier. In gravure printing, the image is engraved onto a cylinder because, like offset printing and flexography, it uses a rotary printing press.

Once a staple of newspaper photo features, the rotogravure process is still used for commercial printing of magazines, postcards, and  corrugated (cardboard) and other product packaging.
Swansea Cork Ferries
Swansea Cork Ferries was a company that operated a RoRo service between Swansea and Cork (Ringaskiddy) from 1987 till 2006. The company no longer offers a ferry service but provides consultancy services. Its former owners Strintzis Lines are now part of the Attica Group, and Briarstar Ltd was dissolved in 2012. The company remains in the ownership of Thomas Hunter Mc Gowan.

A Swansea–Cork ferry service was restarted by Fastnet Line in March 2010, but services were suspended in November 2011 due to the economic situation.

Roll-on/roll-off
Roll-on/roll-off (RORO or ro-ro) ships are cargo ships designed to carry wheeled cargo, such as cars, motorcycles, trucks, semi-trailer trucks, buses, trailers, and railroad cars, that are driven on and off the ship on their own wheels or using a platform vehicle, such as a self-propelled modular transporter. This is in contrast to lift-on/lift-off (LoLo) vessels, which use a crane to load and unload cargo.

RORO vessels have either built-in or shore-based ramps or ferry slips that allow the cargo to be efficiently rolled on and off the vessel when in port. While smaller ferries that operate across rivers and other short distances often have built-in ramps, the term RORO is generally reserved for large seagoing vessels. The ramps and doors may be located in the stern, bow, or sides, or any combination thereof.
Buttonwoods Museum
The Buttonwoods Museum is a museum operated by the Haverhill Historical Society in Haverhill, Massachusetts, in the Merrimack Valley.

The museum includes a John Ward House, a Duncan House, and the Daniel Hunkins Shoe Shop.

Merrimack Valley
The Merrimack Valley is a bi-state region along the Merrimack River in the U.S. states of New Hampshire and Massachusetts. The Merrimack is one of the larger waterways in New England and has helped to define the livelihood and culture of those living along it for millennia.

Major cities in the Merrimack Valley include Concord, Manchester, and Nashua in New Hampshire, and Lowell, Lawrence, and Haverhill in Massachusetts. The Valley was a major center of the textile industry in the 19th century.
Alpla
ALPLA, otherwise ALPLA Group is an Austrian, international acting plastics manufacturer and plastics recycler headquartered in Hard, specialising in blow-moulded bottles and caps, injection-moulded parts, preforms and tubes. It is one of the largest producers of rigid plastic packaging solutions worldwide, with a total of 206 production plants in 45 countries worldwide, approx. 25,440 employees and annual sales of € 5.2 billion in 2025. In early 2021, the ALPLA Group announced that it would invest an average of 50 million euros a year until 2025 in the ongoing expansion of its recycling activities.

Plastics industry
The plastics industry manufactures polymer materials—commonly called plastics—and offers services in plastics important to a range of industries, including packaging, building and construction, electronics, aerospace, manufacturing and transportation.

It is part of the chemical industry. In addition, as mineral oil is the major constituent of plastics, it therefore forms part of the petrochemical industry.

Besides plastics production, plastics engineering is an important part of the industrial sector. The latter field is dominated by engineering plastic as raw material because of its better mechanical and thermal properties than the more widely used commodity plastics.
Sébastien Toutant
Sébastien Toutant (born November 9, 1992) is a Canadian snowboarder. He is the Olympic gold medallist in men's big air snowboarding at the 2018 Winter Olympics. Toutant was twice the gold medal winner in slopestyle at the X Games in 2011 and 2013. He has also won two silver medals and a bronze in slopestyle and big air events at the X Games, bringing his total medals in the competition to five.

Snowboarding at the 2018 Winter Olympics – Men's big air
The men's big air competition of the 2018 Winter Olympics was held on 21 and 24 February 2018 at the Alpensia Ski Jumping Stadium in Pyeongchang, South Korea. The event was making its Olympic debut.

Due to a broken shoulder caused by a crash in training for the slopestyle, Niek van der Velden was not able to compete.
High Ledges Wildlife Sanctuary
High Ledges is a wildlife sanctuary located in Shelburne, Massachusetts.  The 587-acre (2.38 km2) property, located on the northern portion of Massaemett Mountain, is owned by Massachusetts Audubon Society.

One of the highlights of the sanctuary is the vista known as High Ledge.  The cliff overlooks Shelburne Falls and areas to the west, including Mount Greylock.  The sanctuary's wildflower blooms include the Yellow lady's slipper.

Mount Greylock
Mount Greylock is the highest point in Massachusetts at 3,489 feet (1,063 meters). Located in the northwest region of the state, it is part of the Taconic Mountains, a geologically distinct range from the nearby Berkshires and Green Mountains. Expansive views and a small area of sub-alpine forest characterize its upper reaches. A seasonal automobile road crosses the summit area near three structures from the 1930s; these together constitute a small National Historic District. Various hiking paths including the Appalachian Trail  traverse the area, which is part of the larger Mount Greylock State Reservation.

The peak is mentioned  in the work of Nathaniel Hawthorne, Herman Melville, and Henry David Thoreau.
Thun
Thun (German pronunciation: [tuːn] ⓘ; French: Thoune [tun]) is a town and a municipality in the administrative district of Thun in the canton of Bern in Switzerland. It is located where the Aare flows out of Lake Thun (Thunersee), 30 kilometres (19 miles) southeast of Bern.

As of December 2018 the municipality has about 45,000 inhabitants and around 80,000 live in the agglomeration.

Besides tourism, machine and precision instrument engineering, the largest garrison in the country, the food industry, armaments and publishing are of economic importance to Thun.

The official language of Thun is (the Swiss variety of Standard) German, but the main spoken language is the local variant of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.

Thun (administrative district)
Thun District in the Canton of Bern, Switzerland was created on 1 January 2010. It is part of the Oberland administrative region. It contains 31 municipalities with an area of 321.90 km2 (124.29 sq mi) and a population (as of December 2008) of 103,233.
1820 United States presidential election in Alabama
The 1820 United States presidential election in Alabama took place between November 1 and December 6, 1820, as part of the nationwide presidential election. The state legislature chose three representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice President.

Alabama, along with eight other states, had its electors chosen not by the people, but by the State House and Senate. George W. Philips, Henry Minor and John Scott were selected by the legislature and all three men voted for James Monroe.

Alabama Senate
32°22′36″N 86°17′56″W﻿ / ﻿32.37667°N 86.29889°W﻿ / 32.37667; -86.29889

The Alabama State Senate is the upper house of the Alabama Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alabama. The body is composed of 35 members representing an equal number of districts across the state, with each district containing at least 127,140 citizens. Similar to the lower house, the Alabama House of Representatives, the senate serves both without term limits and with a four-year term.

The Alabama State Senate meets at the State House in Montgomery.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the United States Senate, the senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions and boards.