hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arthur Birch (organic chemist)
John Birch, AC CMG FRS FAA (3 August 1915 – 8 December 1995) was an Australian organic chemist.

Birch developed the Birch reduction of aromatic rings (by treatment with lithium metal and ammonia) which is widely used in synthetic organic chemistry. The Birch Reduction enables the modification of steroids. In 1948 Birch published the first total synthesis of a male sex hormone (19-nortestosterone), as the first member of a new structural series. This series later comprised the first oral contraceptive pill, which was made by others. The Birch reduction also allows for the development of other steroid drugs and antibiotics – he also made the first simple synthesis of the ring A-B structure of cholesterol. Birch published over 440 scientific papers and reports. According to Scopus database on 2025-12-03 Birch's h-index was 43.

Sex hormone
Sex hormones, also known as sex steroids,  gonadocorticoids and gonadal steroids, are steroid hormones that interact with vertebrate steroid hormone receptors. The sex hormones include the androgens, estrogens, and progestogens. Their effects are mediated by slow genomic mechanisms through nuclear receptors as well as by fast nongenomic mechanisms through membrane-associated receptors and signaling cascades. Certain polypeptide hormones including the luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and gonadotropin-releasing hormone – each associated with the gonadotropin axis – are usually not regarded as sex hormones, although they play major sex-related roles.
2008 World Men's Curling Championship
The 2008 World Men's Curling Championship was held from April 4–13, 2008 at Ralph Engelstad Arena in Grand Forks, North Dakota in the USA. The 12-team tournament took place in the 11,643 seat hockey arena on the grounds of the University of North Dakota.

University of North Dakota
The University of North Dakota (UND) is a public research university in Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States. It was established by the Dakota Territorial Assembly in 1883, six years before the establishment of the state of North Dakota.

The university has the only schools of law and medicine in the state of North Dakota. The John D. Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences was the first in the country to offer a degree in unmanned aircraft systems operation. Several national research institutions are on the university's campus including the Energy and Environmental Research Center, the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, and the USDA Human Nutrition Research Center. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral universities – very high research activity".
C̈
C̈, c̈ in lower case, also called C with diaeresis, is a letter in the Chechen language. It represents the voiceless postalveolar affricate /t͡ʃ/, like the English pronunciation of ch in the word chocolate.

The original letter representing the voiceless postalveolar affricate consonant in Chechen was ç, but was changed to c̈ just as ş was changed to s̈.

It is also used in the digraph c̈h in the Yanesha and Chamicuro; c̈h represents /t͡ʂ/, and ch (without the diaeresis) represents /t͡ʃ/.

Voiceless postalveolar affricate
A voiceless palato-alveolar sibilant affricate or voiceless domed postalveolar sibilant affricate is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. It is familiar to English-speakers as the "ch" sound in "chip".

This sound is transcribed in the International Phonetic Alphabet with ⟨tʃ⟩, ⟨t͡ʃ⟩, ⟨t͜ʃ⟩, or, in broad transcription, ⟨c⟩. There is also a ligature ⟨ʧ⟩, which was retired by the International Phonetic Association but is still used. An alternative commonly used in Americanist tradition is ⟨č⟩.

Historically, [tʃ] often derives from a former voiceless velar stop /k/ (as in English church; also in Gulf Arabic, Slavic languages, Indo-Iranian languages and Romance languages), or a voiceless dental stop /t/ by way of palatalization, especially next to a front vowel (as in English nature; also in Amharic, Portuguese, some accents of Egyptian, etc.).
Tif Ginn
Tiffani Ginn, commonly known as Tif Ginn, is an American-Canadian folk singer and songwriter, most noted for her work as a duo with her husband Fred Eaglesmith.

Originally from Texas, Ginn began her career as a member of the duo The Ginn Sisters, also later known as The Fabulous Ginn Sisters, with her sister Brit Ginn. She met Eaglesmith in 2009 at the Old Settler's Music Festival, and they married in 2014.

She released the solo albums Tif Ginn in 2012 and Moving Day in 2019, and has been a contributing musician on Eaglesmith's albums Tambourine (2013) and Standard (2017). They released the album Alive in 2020 as a duo, and received a Canadian Folk Music Award nomination for Best Traditional Album at the 17th Canadian Folk Music Awards in 2022.

Canadian Folk Music Awards
The Canadian Folk Music Awards are an annual music awards ceremony presenting awards in a variety of categories for achievements in both traditional and contemporary folk music, and other roots music genres, by Canadian musicians.

The awards program was created in 2005 by a group of independent label representatives, folk music presenters, artists, and enthusiasts to celebrate and promote Canadian folk music.
Nicolas Freeling
Nicolas Freeling (born Nicolas Davidson; 3 March 1927 – 20 July 2003), was a British crime novelist, best known as the author of the "Van der Valk" series of detective novels.  A television series based on the character, Van der Valk, was produced for the British ITV network by Thames Television during the 1970s and was revived in 1991–92; a remake with new cast, characters, and storylines was launched in 2020 as Van der Valk.

Keith Barron
Keith Barron (8 August 1934 – 15 November 2017) was an English actor and television presenter who appeared in films and on television from 1961 until 2017. His television roles included the police drama The Odd Man, the sitcom Duty Free, and, playing Gregory Wilmot in period drama Upstairs, Downstairs.
1931 College Football All-Southern Team
The 1931 College Football All-Southern Team consists of American football players selected to the College Football All-Southern Teams selected by various organizations for the 1931 Southern Conference football season. Tulane won the Southern Conference championship. In December 2008, Sports Illustrated undertook to identify the individuals who would have been awarded the Heisman Trophy in college football's early years, before the trophy was established.  Tulane's Jerry Dalrymple was selected as the would-be Heisman winner for the 1931 season.

1931 Southern Conference football season
The 1931 Southern Conference football season was the college football games played by the member schools of the Southern Conference as part of the 1931 college football season. The season began on September 19.

In the annual Rose Bowl game, the SoCon champion Tulane Green Wave lost to the PCC champion USC Trojans 21–12. The Georgia Bulldogs suffered their only two losses to Tulane and USC.

It was Wallace Wade's first year as Duke head coach.
2023 Gateshead Metropolitan Borough Council election
The 2023 Gateshead Metropolitan Borough Council took place on 4 May 2023 to elect members of Gateshead Metropolitan Borough Council in England. This was on the same day as other local elections across England. One third of the council was elected. One candidate was elected from each of the council's 22 wards.

Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead
The Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead is a metropolitan borough in the metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear, England. It includes Gateshead, Rowlands Gill, Whickham, Blaydon, Ryton, Felling, Birtley, Pelaw, Dunston and Low Fell. The borough forms part of the Tyneside conurbation, centred on Newcastle upon Tyne. At the 2021 census, the borough had a population of 196,154.

It is bordered by the local authority areas of Newcastle upon Tyne to the north, Northumberland to the west, County Durham to the south, Sunderland to the south-east, and South Tyneside to the east. The council is a member of the North East Combined Authority.
Kasmanda Palace
Kasmanda Palace is a historic hotel in Mussoorie, Uttarakhand, India. It was originally built in 1836 by Captain Rennie Tailour of the Bengal Engineers as part of the Christ Church complex. Over time, the building was used as a sanatorium for British soldiers during the Crimean War (1853–1856) and later became a school that operated from 1896 to 1910. In 1915, it was purchased by the ruling family of Kasmanda, a former princely state in Oudh, for use as a summer residence.

Mussoorie
Mussoorie (Hindi: [məsuːɾiː]) is a hill station and a municipal board in the Dehradun district of the Indian state of Uttarakhand. It is about 26 kilometres (16 mi) from the state capital of Dehradun and 300 km (190 mi) north of the national capital of New Delhi. The hill station is in the foothills of the Garhwal Himalayan range. The adjoining town of Landour, which includes a military cantonment, is considered part of "greater Mussoorie", as are the townships Barlowganj and Jharipani.

Mussoorie is at an average altitude of 2,001 metres (6,565 ft). To the northeast are the Himalayan snow ranges, and to the south, the Doon Valley and Sivalik Hills ranges. The second highest point is the original Lal Tibba in Landour, with a height of over 2,258 m (7,408 ft). Mussoorie is popularly known as The Queen of the Hills.

There were 3.02 million (30.23 lac) travellers to Mussoorie in 2019.
Nymphargus ruizi
Nymphargus ruizi (common name: Ruiz's Cochran frog) is a species of frog in the family Centrolenidae, formerly placed in Cochranella.
It is endemic to Colombia where it is known from the western slopes of the Cordillera Occidental and the eastern slopes of the Farallones de Cali. Its natural habitats are sub-Andean forests next to streams. It is threatened by habitat loss caused by agricultural expansion, logging, human settlement, and water pollution.

Nymphargus ruizi are relatively small frogs: adult males measure 24–26 mm (0.94–1.02 in) in snout–vent length. The skin of the dorsum is smooth, with or without spinules. Vomerine teeth are absent.

Cochranella
Cochranella is a genus of glass frogs, family Centrolenidae. They are found in Central America from Honduras southward to the Amazonian and Andean cloud forests of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.
Lilac Bush in the Sun
Lilac Bush in the Sun is an oil on canvas painting by Claude Monet, from 1873. It is held in the Pushkin Museum, in Moscow. It is a pendant to the same artist's Resting Under a Lilac Bush (Musée d'Orsay, Paris).

It was exhibited at Paul Durand-Ruel's gallery until 1877 and then again in 1891. It was bought by Dmitry Schukin in 1899 - his collection was seized by the state after the October Revolution and the work was initially assigned to the First Museum of Old Western Painting before being transferred to the new Pushkin Museum in 1924, where it remains.

Pendant (art)
In art, a pendant is one of two paintings, statues, reliefs or other type of works of art intended as a pair. Typically, pendants are related thematically to each other and are displayed in close proximity. For example, pairs of portraits of married couples are very common, as are symmetrically arranged statues flanking an altar.

Diptych differs from a pendant in that two images, reliefs, etc., are connected by hinges or similar means and cannot be separated.
Fairchild House (Monticello, Kentucky)
The Fairchild House on S. Main Street in Monticello, Kentucky, United States, is a Queen Anne-style house built in 1905-06 for Wilburn Fillmore Fairchild, a banker and prominent local merchant.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.

It is a two-story brick house, in Queen Anne style with elements of Free Classic substyle, based on plans of Barber & Kluttz, architects of Knoxville, Tennessee who published pattern books that were distributed widely.

It has been operated as a bed and breakfast, as Fairchild's Bed & Breakfast.

Bed and breakfast
A bed and breakfast (typically shortened to B&B or BnB) is a small lodging establishment that offers overnight accommodation and breakfast. In addition, a B&B sometimes has the hosts living in the house.

Bed and breakfast is also used to describe the level of catering included in a hotel's room prices, as opposed to room-only, half-board, or full-board.
2008 VLN Series
The 2008 BFGoodrich Langstreckenmeisterschaft (BFGLM) season was the 31st season of the VLN.

The drivers championship was won by Alexander Böhm and Matthias Unger, driving a BMW 325i for Black Falcon.

BMW 3 Series
The BMW 3 series is a line of compact executive cars manufactured by the German automaker BMW since May 1975. It is the successor to the 02 series and has been produced in seven generations.

The first generation of the 3 Series was only available as a 2-door saloon; the model range expanded to include a 4-door saloon, 2-door convertible, 2-door coupé, 5-door estate, 5-door liftback ("Gran Turismo"; discontinued in 2019) and 3-door hatchback body styles. Since 2013, the coupé and convertible models have been marketed as the 4 Series; these styles no longer being included in the 3 Series.

The 3 Series is BMW's best-selling model line, accounting for around 30% of the BMW brand's annual total car sales, and has won numerous awards throughout its history. The M version of the 3 series, M3, debuted with the E30 M3 in 1986.
13th Alberta Legislature
The 13th Alberta Legislative Assembly was in session from August 17, 1955, to May 9, 1959, with the membership of the assembly determined by the results of the 1955 Alberta general election held on June 29, 1955. The Legislature officially resumed on August 17, 1955, and continued until the fifth session was prorogued on April 7, 1959, and dissolved on May 9, 1959, prior to the 1959 Alberta general election.

Alberta's thirteenth government was controlled by the majority Social Credit Party for the sixth time, led by Premier Ernest Manning who would go on to be the longest serving Premier in Alberta history. The Official Opposition was led by James Harper Prowse a member of the Alberta Liberal Party until the fifth session when Grant MacEwan became the leader of the Official Opposition. The Speaker was Peter Dawson who would serve until his death during the 15th legislature on March 24, 1963.

Premier of Alberta
The premier of Alberta is the head of government and first minister of the Canadian province of Alberta. The current premier is Danielle Smith, leader of the governing United Conservative Party, who was sworn in on October 11, 2022.

The premier of Alberta is the leader of the legislative majority in the Alberta Legislature. The premier selects ministers of the Crown to the Executive Council of Alberta (the "cabinet") and as such is the head of the government in Alberta. The premier is the first minister representing Alberta towards the federal government and the other provinces and territories in Canada.

By constitutional convention the premier is normally a Member of the Legislative Assembly (MLA).
Alfred Conroy
Alfred Hugh Beresford Conroy (7 April 1864 – 28 November 1920) was an Australian politician. Born in Winchelsea, Victoria, the son of James McDowall Conroy, he was educated at Hawthorn Grammar School in Melbourne. Becoming a bank clerk and surveyor, he moved to Goulburn in New South Wales in 1883. In 1893 he became a barrister, and he was an alderman on Goulburn Council. In 1901, he was elected to the Australian House of Representatives as the inaugural member for Werriwa, representing the Free Trade Party. In 1906, he was defeated by Labor candidate David Hall, but in 1913 he was returned to the Parliament, again as the member for Werriwa but this time representing the Commonwealth Liberal Party. He was defeated again in 1914, and retired, dying in 1920.

Winchelsea, Victoria
Winchelsea (/ˈwɪntʃəlsiː/ WINCH-əl-sea) is a town in Victoria, Australia. The town is located in the Surf Coast Shire local government area, the suburb or locality of Winchelsea is predominantly within Surf Coast Shire with a small section within the Colac Otway Shire. Winchelsea is located on the Barwon River 115 km south-west of Melbourne and close to Geelong (37 km north-east).
Jerome National Bank
The Jerome National Bank is a building located in Jerome, Idaho, United States, listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was built in 1920–21 in the neo-classic revival style.  The exterior is covered by white terra cotta.

Jerome, Idaho
Jerome is a city in and the county seat of Jerome County, Idaho, United States. As of the 2020 census, Jerome had a population of 12,349. The city is the county seat of Jerome County, and is part of the Twin Falls Micropolitan Statistical Area. It is the second largest city in Idaho's Magic Valley region, second only to Twin Falls which is located 10 miles (16 km) southeast. Jerome's economy is largely agrarian, with dairy farming being one of the main revenue sources for the local economy.
1986 Texas A&M Aggies softball team
The 1986 Texas A&M Aggies softball team represented Texas A&M University in the 1986 NCAA Division I softball season.  The Aggies were coached by Bob Brock, who led his fifth season.  The Bulldogs finished with a record of 41–13.

The Aggies were invited to the 1986 NCAA Division I Softball Tournament, where they swept the NCAA Central Regional and then completed a run to the title game of the Women's College World Series where they fell to champion Cal State Fullerton.

1986 NCAA Division I softball season
The 1986 NCAA Division I softball season, play of college softball in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division I level, began in February 1986.  The season progressed through the regular season, many conference tournaments and championship series, and concluded with the 1986 NCAA Division I softball tournament and 1986 Women's College World Series.  The Women's College World Series, consisting of the eight remaining teams in the NCAA Tournament and held in Omaha, Nebraska at Seymour Smith Park, ended on May 25, 1986.
Graeme Park (DJ)
Graeme George Park (born 4 August 1963) is a British house music DJ and is widely credited as one of the original founders of the UK's rave/club scene, notably as a leading figure of The Haçienda club in Manchester, England.

DJ Mag
DJ Magazine (also known as DJ Mag) is a British monthly magazine dedicated to electronic dance music and DJs. Founded in 1991, the magazine is adapted for distribution in the United Kingdom, the United States, Spain, France, Italy, Latin America, China, South Korea, Brunei, Indonesia, India, Sri Lanka, Oman, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Germany, Canada, Russia, Belarus, and the Netherlands.
Terminal Ceilândia station
Terminal Ceilândia is a Federal District Metro station on the Green line, located in the administrative region of Ceilândia. The station is the western terminus of Green line. It was opened on 16 April 2008 as part of the section between Ceilândia Sul and Terminal Ceilândia. The adjacent station is Ceilândia Norte.

Ceilândia
Ceilândia (Portuguese pronunciation: [sejˈlɐ̃dʒjɐ]) is an administrative region in the Federal District in Brazil. It is bordered by Brazlândia to the north, Taguatinga to the east, and Samambaia and Sol Nascente/Por do Sol to the south. With about 398,374 inhabitants, it is the administrative region of largest population in the Federal District. Ceilândia was created in 1971 by Hélio Prates da Silveira, originally created as the "CEI" (Portuguese: Campanha de Erradicação de Invasões, lit. 'Invasions Eradication Campaign') in 1969, a campaign to combat irregular settlements near Brasília.
The Departure of the Fleet
The Departure of the Fleet is an 1850 history painting by the British artist J.M.W. Turner. Inspired by Classical writings, it depicts the fleet of the Trojan Aeneas departing from Carthage  The Carthaginian Queen Dido and her attendants are on the left, watching the departure of the ships.

It was one of four paintings that Turner exhibited at Royal Academy's Summer Exhibition of 1850. Today it is in the collection of the Tate Britain, having been part of the Turner Bequest of 1856.

Tate Britain
Tate Britain, known from 1897 to 1932 as the National Gallery of British Art and from 1932 to 2000 as the Tate Gallery, is an art museum on Millbank in the City of Westminster in London, England. It is part of the Tate network of galleries in England, with Tate Modern, Tate Liverpool and Tate St Ives. Founded by Sir Henry Tate, it houses a substantial collection of the art of the United Kingdom since Tudor times, and in particular has large holdings of the works of J. M. W. Turner, who bequeathed all his own collection to the nation. It is one of the largest museums in the country. In 2021, it ranked 50th on the list of most-visited art museums in the world.
Intersport Cup 2019
The Intersport Cup 2019 was a friendly women's handball tournament held in Stavanger, Norway at the DBN Arena between 23–29 September, organised by the Norwegian Handball Federation as preparation for the home team for the 2019 World Women's Handball Championship and named Intersport for sponsorship reasons, and was a continuation of the Møbelringen Cup.

Norwegian Handball Federation
The Norwegian Handball Federation (Norwegian: Norges Håndballforbund, NHF) is the national handball association in Norway.

The Norwegian Handball Federation was founded in 1937, and is a member of the Norwegian Olympic and Paralympic Committee and Confederation of Sports (NIF), the European Handball Federation (EHF) and the International Handball Federation. Its headquarters are in Oslo.
Bhadon, Uttar Pradesh
Bhadon is a village and Gram Panchayat located in Martinganj tehsil of the Azamgarh District in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, near the border with Jaunpur District. It is 37.7 kilometres (23.4 mi) north-east of the district headquarters in Azamgarh and 229.9 kilometres (142.9 mi) from the state capital of Lucknow.

Bhadon is known for its mangoes, which are exported to many villages. Mihrawan Railway station is the nearest railway station to the village.

Mango
A mango is an edible stone fruit produced by the tropical tree Mangifera indica. It originated in the northeastern part of the Indian subcontinent, in what is now Bangladesh, northeastern India and Myanmar. M. indica has been cultivated in South and Southeast Asia since ancient times, resulting in two modern mango cultivar lineages: the "Indian" and the "Southeast Asian" types. Other species in the genus Mangifera also produce edible fruits called "mangoes," most of which are found in the Malesian ecoregion.

There are several hundred cultivars of mango worldwide. Depending on the cultivar, mango fruit varies in size, shape, sweetness, skin color, and flesh color, which may be pale yellow, gold, green, or orange. Mango is the national fruit of India, Pakistan, and the Philippines, while the mango tree is the national tree of Bangladesh.
Androstenediol sulfate
Androstenediol sulfate, also known as androst-5-ene-3β,17β-diol 3β-sulfate, is an endogenous, naturally occurring steroid and a urinary metabolites of androstenediol. It is a steroid sulfate which is formed from sulfation of androstenediol by steroid sulfotransferase and can be desulfated back into androstenediol by steroid sulfatase.

Sulfation
Sulfation (sometimes spelled sulphation in British English) is the chemical reaction that entails the addition of SO3 group.  In principle, many sulfations would involve reactions of sulfur trioxide (SO3).  In practice, most sulfations are effected less directly.  Regardless of the mechanism, the installation of a sulfate-like group on a substrate leads to substantial changes.