hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Howell Meadors Henry
Howell Meadors Henry (August 18, 1879 - 1956) was a history professor, dean, and author in the United States. He wrote The Police Control of the Slave in South Carolina. He was a segregationist and held discriminatory views of African Americans.

He received a B.A. from Newberry College, an M.A. from Vanderbilt University in 1908, and a PhD from Vanderbilt in 1913. He was a history professor and dean at Emory & Henry College in Emory, Virginia. He was involved in discussions over intercollegiate athletics at the college.

He married and had sons.

Emory and Henry University
Emory & Henry University (E&H or Emory) is a private university in Emory, Virginia, United States. The campus comprises 335 acres (1.36 km2) of Washington County, which is part of the Appalachian highlands of Southwest Virginia. Founded in 1836, Emory & Henry University is the oldest institution of higher learning in Southwest Virginia. The university is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges but was placed on probation in June 2025 because of concerns about the institution's finances.
Funding4Learning
Funding4Learning is a "human capital oriented" crowd funding platform for educational projects. Funding4Learning provides its users with fundraising tools for study, volunteering, as well as a diverse array of education related initiatives.

Volunteering
Volunteering is an optional and freely chosen act of an individual or group giving their time and labor, often for community service. Many volunteers have specialized training in the fields that they work in, such as medicine, education, or emergency rescue. Others provide their services as needed, such as in response to a natural disaster.
2017 NCAA Division I baseball tournament
The 2017 NCAA Division I baseball tournament began on June 1, 2017, as part of the 2017 NCAA Division I baseball season. The 64-team, double-elimination tournament concluded with the 2017 College World Series (CWS) in Omaha, Nebraska. The CWS started on June 17 and ended on June 27.

The 64 participating NCAA Division I college baseball teams were selected out of an eligible 299 teams. Thirty-one teams were awarded an automatic bid as champions of their conferences, and 33 teams were selected at-large by the NCAA Division I Baseball Committee.

Teams were divided into sixteen regionals of four teams, which conducted a double-elimination tournament.  Regional champions then faced each other in Super Regionals, a best-of-three-game series, to determine the eight participants in the College World Series.

College World Series
The College World Series (CWS), officially the NCAA Men's College World Series (MCWS), is a baseball tournament held each June in Omaha, Nebraska. It is the culmination of the NCAA Division I baseball tournament—featuring 64 teams in the first round—which determines the champion of NCAA Division I level college baseball. The eight participating teams are split into two double-elimination brackets of four teams apiece, with the bracket winners playing in a best-of-three championship series.
Shooting at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's trap
The men's trap (originally called clay bird shooting) was a shooting sports event held as part of the shooting at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme. It was the third appearance of the event, which had been introduced in 1900. The competition was held from Tuesday, 2 July 1912 to Thursday, 4 July 1912. Each nation could send up to 12 shooters. Sixty-one sport shooters from eleven nations competed. The event was won by James Graham of the United States. Silver went to Alfred Goeldel of Germany and bronze to Haralds Blaus of the Russian Empire. Each of the nations on the podium was making its debut in the event. Graham also received Lord Westbury's Cup, a challenge prize instituted in 1908.

Alfred Goeldel-Bronikoven
Alfred Göldel-Bronikoven (born 12 March 1882, date of death unknown) was a German sport shooter who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics. He competed in only two events and won medals in both.

He was born in Lengainen, Prussia (now Poland), to Max and Hertha Göldel, and baptised in Wartenburg in Ostpreußen. He was the elder brother of Horst Göldel-Bronikoven.
Oscar Ayodi
Oscar Ayodi (born September 21, 1989) is a Kenyan rugby sevens player. He competed for Kenya 7s at the 2016 Summer Olympics. He was also part of the team that won the 2016 Singapore Sevens, Kenya's first tournament victory. He shared the DHL Impact Player award at the Singapore Sevens with Kitione Taliga of Fiji.

Fiji national rugby sevens team
The Fiji national rugby sevens team has competed in the World Rugby Sevens Series, Rugby World Cup Sevens and the Olympics. Fiji won the gold medal in the inaugural rugby sevens at the Summer Olympics in 2016 in Brazil, the country's first Olympic medal in any event, and repeated as Olympic champions in the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, defeating New Zealand. Fiji would fall short from winning gold for a third straight time in 2024 after a defeat in the final to hosts France. Overall, Fiji are the only national rugby sevens team in the world to have won the Sevens Treble (the Olympics, Sevens Series, and World Cup), the three major achievements in Sevens. They have won multiple World Rugby Sevens Series and Rugby World Cup Sevens.

Fiji Sevens is watched and enjoyed by fans around the world for its style of play — the "Flying Fijians" play with Fijian flair. Their passing and offloads can be unorthodox for traditional rugby coaching, and more similar to basketball style.
Billy Baskette
William James Baskette (October 20, 1884 – November 8, 1949) was an American pianist and composer who wrote popular songs of the Tin Pan Alley era.  He also wrote one of the most successful World War I war songs, "Good Bye Broadway, Hello France".

Baskette was born in Henderson, Kentucky. His career in music began as a bassist in a circus band. He also was involved in vaudeville performances as a dancer and a pianist.  Later, he became a staff composer for various music publishing firms in Chicago and New York City. He died in Culver City, California on November 8, 1949.

Baskette was a part of the Tin Pan Alley movement of music. In 1918, there was a focus on music called "goodbye songs" referring to U.S. soldiers who were deployed to France during World War I.  One of Baskette's most notable works was "Goodbye Broadway, Hello France," which was a hit song of the period.

Culver City, California
Culver City is a city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,779. It is mostly surrounded by Los Angeles, but also shares a border with the unincorporated area of Ladera Heights to the east. The city was named after Harry Culver who incorporated it in 1917.

In the 1920s, Culver City became a center for film and later television production. It was best known as the home of Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer studios from 1924 to 1986. From 1932 to 1986, it was the headquarters for the Hughes Aircraft Company. National Public Radio West and Sony Pictures Entertainment have headquarters in the city. It has been described as a "largely idyllic...peaceful, semi-suburban community with a relatively low crime rate and high quality of life" best known for its "parks, studio lots, and breakfast burritos".
Conscientious objection in Switzerland
Conscientious objection in Switzerland refers to the refusal to perform obligatory military service on grounds of conscience. The practice is grounded in article 18 of the Federal Constitution of Switzerland, inscribed in 1874, though conscientious objection has been documented in the Swiss Confederation since the Late Middle Ages. Until 1927, conscientious objection was treated as desertion and severely punished. Today, Switzerland recognizes both military and alternative civilian service as legitimate options for those called to serve.

Desertion
Desertion is the abandonment of a military duty or post without permission (a pass, liberty or leave) and is done with the intention of not returning. This contrasts with unauthorized absence (UA) or absence without leave (AWOL /ˈeɪwɒl/), which are temporary forms of absence.
Die Hard (song)
"Die Hard" is a song by American rappers Kendrick Lamar, Blxst, and Bajan singer Amanda Reifer of the disbanded Cover Drive. It was sent to rhythmic contemporary radio on August 9, 2022, as the third single from the former's fifth studio album, Mr. Morale & the Big Steppers. The song was produced by Sounwave, DJ Dahi, and Lamar's cousin Baby Keem, with co-production by FnZ.

Sounwave
Mark Anthony Spears (born February 28, 1986), known professionally as Sounwave, is an American record producer and songwriter. He is a frequent collaborator of rapper Kendrick Lamar, having worked on each of his projects since his 2009 self-titled extended play. Sounwave has also worked with artists such as Beyoncé, Taylor Swift, Kali Uchis, Schoolboy Q, Mac Miller, Chloe x Halle, and Bleachers. He has won eight Grammy Awards, becoming the first rap producer to win  Record of the Year in consecutive years (2025-2026).
Alumni Field (MD)
Alumni Field is home to the UMBC Retrievers baseball team of the NCAA Division I America East Conference.  The field is located adjacent to UMBC Stadium, and has a capacity of 1,000 spectators.

The venue had been renamed as The Baseball Factory Field at UMBC on April 20, 2004, after the university's agreement with player development company Baseball Factory. At the time the field underwent a $350,000 renovation which added a new lighting system, playing surface, and warning track, as well as upgrades to the facility's press box, dugout, and bleachers. In 2025 the venue reverted back to its original name, Alumni Field.

Bleacher
Bleachers (North American English), or stands, are raised, tiered rows of benches found at sports-fields and at other spectator events. Stairways provide access to the horizontal rows of seats, often with every other step enabling access to a row of benches.

Benches range from simple planks to elaborate ones with backrests. Many bleachers are open to the ground below so that there are only the planks to sit and walk on. Some bleachers have vertical panels beneath the benches, either partially or completely blocking the way to the ground.
The Dark Page
The Dark Page is a 1944 novel by Samuel Fuller, who later went on to become a film director and helm the likes of I Shot Jesse James and the film noir The Naked Kiss.

It was written while Fuller was an infantryman in the army in WWII and was filmed as Scandal Sheet (1952).

I Shot Jesse James
I Shot Jesse James is a 1949 American Western film starring Reed Hadley as Jesse James and John Ireland as Bob Ford. Directed by Samuel Fuller in his debut behind the camera, it portrays the murder of Jesse James by Robert Ford and Robert Ford's life afterwards. The story is built around a fictional rivalry between Ford and his eventual killer Edward O'Kelley (called John in the film) over a woman.
Solid State Phased Array Radar System
The Solid State Phased Array Radar System (SSPARS), colloquially Ballistic Missile Early Warning System radar network (BMEWS radar network), is a United States Space Force radar, computer, and communications system for missile warning and space surveillance. There are SSPARS systems at five sites: Beale Air Force Base, CA, Cape Cod Space Force Station, MA, Clear Space Force Station, AK, RAF Fylingdales, UK, and Pituffik Space Base, Greenland. The system completed replacement of the RCA 474L Ballistic Missile Early Warning System when the last SSPAR became operational at then-Clear Air Force Station in 2001.

Colloquialism
Colloquialism (also called colloquial language, everyday language, or general parlance) is the linguistic style used for casual (informal) communication. It is the most common functional style of speech, the language normally employed in casual conversation and other informal contexts. Colloquialism is characterized by the frequent use of expressive phrases, idioms, anthropocentrism, and a lack of specialized focus, and has a rapidly changing lexicon. It can also be distinguished by its usage of formulations with incomplete logical and syntactic ordering.

A specific instance of such language is termed a colloquialism. The most common term used in dictionaries to label such an expression is colloquial.
1998–99 Danish 1st Division
The 1998–99 Danish 1st Division season was the 54th season of the Danish 1st Division league championship and the 13th consecutive as a second tier competition governed by the Danish Football Association.

The division-champion and runner-up promoted to the 1999–2000 Danish Superliga. The teams in the 13th to 16th spots were relegated to the 1999–2000 Danish 2nd Division.

Danish Football Association
The Danish Football Association (Danish: Dansk Boldspil-Union; abbr. DBU) is the governing body of football in Denmark. It is the organization of Danish football clubs and runs the professional Danish football leagues, alongside the men's and women's national teams. Based in the city of Brøndby, it is a founding member of both FIFA and UEFA. The DBU has also been the governing body of futsal in Denmark since 2008.
Little Lost Robot
"Little Lost Robot" is a science fiction short story by American writer Isaac Asimov. It was first published in the March 1947 issue of Astounding Science Fiction and reprinted in the collections I, Robot (1950), The Complete Robot (1982), Robot Dreams (1986), and Robot Visions (1990).

"Little Lost Robot" was adapted by Leo Lehman for the 1962 ABC Weekend TV anthology television series Out of This World, which also marks the first appearance of Susan Calvin, played by Maxine Audley, in TV and movies. It is the only episode of this series that survives in the archives today. It is available on DVD in region 2 from the British Film Institute.

Elements of "Little Lost Robot" appear in the film I Robot (2004), an otherwise original story using Asimov's brand. The story was broadcast as episode three of a five-part 15 Minute Drama radio adaptation of Asimov's stories on BBC Radio 4 in February 2017.

Robot Visions
Robot Visions (1990) is a collection of science fiction short stories and factual essays by Isaac Asimov. Many of the stories are reprinted from other Asimov collections, particularly I, Robot and The Bicentennial Man and Other Stories. It also includes the title story, "Robot Visions" (written specifically for this collection), which combines Asimov's motifs of robots and of time travel. It is the companion book to Robot Dreams (1986).
National Route 9 (Argentina)
National Route 9 (in Spanish, Ruta Nacional 9) is a major road in Argentina, which runs from the center-east to the northwest of the country, crossing the provinces of Buenos Aires, Santa Fe, Córdoba, Santiago del Estero, Tucumán, Salta and Jujuy. It starts on Avenida General Paz, which marks the border between the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires and the surrounding province of the same name, and ends at the Horacio Guzmán International Bridge, on the La Quiaca River, traversing 1,967 km (1,222 mi). The road is a limited access motorway from Buenos Aires to Rosario.

Between the cities of San Nicolás de los Arroyos and Rosario (distant about 65 km (40 mi) from each other), the road is named Teniente General Juan José Valle.

La Quiaca River
La Quiaca River (Spanish: Río La Quiaca), also known as Villazón River, is a river of reduced flow on the border between Argentina and Bolivia. It is highly contaminated in its passage through the cities of La Quiaca and Villazón, on its right and left margins, respectively.

Between these two cities, across the river, is the Horacio Guzmán International Bridge, which is the only step enabled between the Argentine province of Jujuy and the Potosí Department.

This river originates in Toquero and runs from west to east. After passing through La Quiaca, head north towards Bolivia. Its tributaries are the streams of Tafna, the Marsh, Sansana, Yavi and Yavi Chico. It flows into the San Juan del Oro River which in turn joins the Cotagaita River to form the Camblaya River which with the name of Pilaya River ends at the Pilcomayo River.

The Argentine National Gendarmerie, through the Environmental Patrol of the La Quiaca Squadron is dedicated to the river cleaning project.
Omagh Thrust
The Omagh Thrust Fault is a geological fault in County Tyrone. It is of one of the most important structural discontinuities in Northern Ireland and an extension of the Highland Boundary Fault which runs through Scotland.

The fault occurred in the Caledonian orogeny, during a late stage of this period of mountain building. Older sequences of Dalriadan metamorphic strata were moved over younger Ordovician ones with the fault as their boundary.

There is access to a view of the fault at Mountfield Quarry, County Tyrone. This has been designated an Area of Special Scientific Interest.

Discontinuity (geotechnical engineering)
In geotechnical engineering, a  discontinuity (often referred to as a joint) is a plane or surface that marks a change in physical or chemical characteristics in a soil or rock mass. A discontinuity can be, for example, a bedding, schistosity, foliation, joint, cleavage, fracture, fissure, crack, or fault plane. A division is made between mechanical and integral discontinuities. Discontinuities may occur multiple times with broadly the same mechanical characteristics in a discontinuity set, or may be a single discontinuity. A discontinuity makes a soil or rock mass anisotropic.
2009 Kagame Interclub Cup
The CECAFA organised Kagame inter club cup is an association football competition that is contested between the champions of the CECAFA affiliated countries plus one guest team.

The 2009 contest will take place between 30 June and 12 July 2009. The Tournament was originally scheduled to be held in Uganda, however the Ugandan authorities did not have the necessary money to host the event and it was handed to Sudan.

CECAFA
The Council for East and Central Africa Football Associations (Swahili: Baraza la Mashirikisho ya Mpira wa Miguu Afrika Mashariki na Kati, French: Conseil des Associations de Football d'Afrique de l'Est et Centrale, Arabic: مؤتمر جمعيات شرق ووسط أفريقيا لكرة القدم, Amharic: የምስራቅ እና መካከለኗኛሙ አፍሪካ እግር ኳስ ማህበራት ምክር ቤት, Somali: CECAFA/Guddiga Kubadda Cagta Bariga iyo Bartamaha Afrika,Tigrinya: ቤት ምኽሪ ማሕበራት ኩዕሶ እግሪ ምብራቕን ማእከላይን ኣፍሪቃ officially abbreviated as CECAFA) is an association of the football playing nations in mostly East Africa and parts of Central Africa. An affiliate of the Confederation of African Football (CAF), CECAFA is the oldest sub-regional football organisation on the continent.
Spokane County Courthouse
The Spokane County Courthouse is a government building home to numerous Spokane County offices such as those of the assessor, auditor and clerk, as well as courtrooms for the Spokane County Superior Court.

The courthouse was built in 1895 in the French Renaissance revival and Châteauesque styles, and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1974. A design contest prior to construction was won by architect Willis Ritchie. It is located in the city center, just north of the Spokane River from Downtown Spokane, in the West Central neighborhood. The courthouse is situated front and center on a nine square block campus that includes most of the county's offices as well as the Spokane Police Department headquarters. The nearly nine story central tower rises well above the surrounding buildings on the north bank of the river, and has helped make the courthouse a landmark in Spokane since its construction.

Spokane Police Department
The Spokane Police Department is the agency responsible for law enforcement in Spokane, Washington. The department was founded in 1881. As of 2015, the department had 310 sworn officers. Justin Lundgren is the current interim Chief following the departure of former Chief Craig Meidl.
Battle of Acheral
The Battle of Acheral was fought near the San Gabriel stream, some 3 km away from the small town of Acheral, Tucumán province, Argentina. It was a turning point in the Operativo Independencia, a domestic Argentine military intervention aimed at eradicating guerrilla activities in Tucumán province, as well as eliminating so-called subversive elements. This action received nationwide media coverage due to the presence of two journalists from Gente magazine at the time.

Acheral
Acheral is a settlement in Tucumán Province in the Monteros Department in northern Argentina in proximity to the Pre-Cordilleras of the Andes. It is accessed from the provincial capital city by Ruta Nacional 38 to the south.

It is a rural community with 7,000 inhabitants.
Janina Kuzma
Janina Kuzma (born 17 September 1985) is a New Zealand freestyle skier. She competed at the FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships 2013 in Voss. She competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, placing 5th in the women's halfpipe. She is set to compete at the 2018 Winter Olympics in PyeongChang, in same event. She is seven-time New Zealand Big Mountain Champion, two-time Canadian Freeski Champion, two-time World Heli Challenge Champion and second overall in the world for half pipe 2015.

FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships 2013
The 2013 FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships were held at Voss, Norway from March 5–10, 2013.  Voss was acclaimed as the host in May 2008 as no other bids were received.    Skiers competed in six disciplines: Moguls, Dual Moguls, Ski Cross, Slopestyle, Half Pipe and Aerials.  These were the first FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships held in Norway.
Puente de los Franceses (Madrid)
The Puente de los Franceses (Bridge of the Frenchmen) railway viaduct is located in Madrid, Spain. Comprising five semi-circular brick skew arches, it was built in the second half of the 19th century to carry the railway line from the north (Madrid - Venta de Baños - Irun) across the River Manzanares.

Viaduct
A viaduct is a bridge that consists of a series of arches, piers or columns supporting a long elevated railway or road. Typically a viaduct connects two points of roughly equal elevation, allowing direct overpass across a wide valley, road, river, or other low-lying terrain features and obstacles. The term viaduct is derived from the Latin via meaning "road", and ducere meaning "to lead". It is a 19th-century derivation from an analogy with ancient Roman aqueducts. Like the Roman aqueducts, many early viaducts comprised a series of arches of roughly equal length.
SS Albert M. Boe
SS Albert M. Boe is a Liberty ship laid down on 11 July 1945 at the East Yard of New England Shipbuilding Corporation in Portland, Maine, as a boxed aircraft transport. The ship is notable as the final Liberty ship built.

She was named after Chief Engineer Albert M. Boe who remained in the engine room acting to control the spread of fire, despite fatal burns, when an engine of the aircraft repair vessel U.S. Army SS Colonel William J. McKiernan (FS-216) carrying the 13th Aircraft Maintenance Unit exploded on Friday, 13 April 1945. He is credited with saving the lives of other crew members by that action and received the posthumous Merchant Marine Distinguished Service Medal.

Merchant Marine Distinguished Service Medal
The Merchant Marine Distinguished Service Medal is a decoration of the United States Merchant Marine (USMM).  The decoration is the highest award which can be bestowed upon members of that service. It is awarded to any seaman in the USMM who, on or after September 3, 1939, has distinguished himself during the war by outstanding conduct or service in the line of duty.  Regulations state that not more than one medal shall be issued to any one seaman, but for each succeeding instance sufficient to justify the award of a medal, there will be awarded a suitable insignia to be worn with the medal.

As the Merchant Marine Distinguished Service Medal is considered a federal service decoration, it may be worn on the uniforms of active, reserve, and retired uniformed service members.