hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Takanori Kawai
Takanori Kawai (川合 孝典, Kawai Takanori, born January 29, 1964) is a Japanese politician of the Democratic Party of Japan, a member of the House of Councillors in the Diet (national legislature). A native of Kyoto, Kyoto and graduate of Ritsumeikan University, he was elected for the first time in 2007 after working at Teijin since 1987.

Ritsumeikan University
Ritsumeikan University (Japanese: 立命館大学, Hepburn: Ritsumeikan Daigaku; abbreviated to Rits and 立命 Ritsumei) is a private university in Kyoto, Japan, that traces its origin to 1869. In addition to its main campus in Kyoto, the university also has satellite campuses in Ibaraki, Osaka and Kusatsu, Shiga.

Today, Ritsumeikan University is known as one of Western Japan's most prestigious universities, part of the "Kan-Kan-Do-Rits" (関関同立: Kwansei Gakuin University, Kansai University, Doshisha University, and Ritsumeikan University) abbreviation that refers to the four leading private universities in the Keihanshin region.

Ritsumeikan University is known for its Social Sciences, particularly International Relations (IR), as well as its Science & Engineering departments, with the Graduate School of International Relations being the only Japanese member of the Association of Professional Schools of International Affairs.
Lynching of Olli Kinkkonen
Olli (Olof) Kiukkonen Kinkkonen (June 10, 1880 – September 18, 1918) was a Finnish-American dockworker and logger. He was lynched in Duluth, Minnesota, by the Knights of Liberty on September 18, 1918, for renouncing his American citizenship because he wanted to avoid fighting in World War I.

Lynching
Lynching is an extrajudicial killing by a group. It is most often used to characterize informal public executions by a mob in order to punish an alleged or convicted transgressor or to intimidate others. It can also be an extreme form of informal group social control, and it is often conducted with the display of a public spectacle (often in the form of a hanging) for maximum intimidation. Instances of lynchings and similar mob violence can be found in all societies.

In the United States, where the word lynching likely originated, the practice became associated with vigilante justice on the frontier and mob attacks on African Americans accused of crimes. The latter became frequent in the South during the period after the Reconstruction era, especially during the nadir of American race relations. Black people are thought to be the primary victims of lynching in the U.S. (about 72% of the total).
New Brookland Tavern
New Brookland Tavern is a bar and music venue located in the Five Points neighborhood of Columbia, South Carolina. New Brookland Tavern is one of, if not the oldest, continuous running music venues in the Columbia area. It is known for presenting live music 365 days a year. They have an annual New Year's Eve cover show and Emo Nights with 2000s music. It takes its name from the old name for West Columbia where it was previously located.

West Columbia, South Carolina
West Columbia, formerly Brookland, is a city and commuter town in the suburban eastern sections of Lexington County, South Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, West Columbia had a population of 17,416. West Columbia is bordered to the east by Columbia, the state capital, across the Congaree River. It is near Columbia's city center or downtown district as well as the South Carolina State House and the Congaree Vista, known locally as "the Vista". The city is bordered to the south by its sister suburb, Cayce. A small portion of the city borders the town of Lexington to the east. West Columbia is part of the greater Columbia, South Carolina metropolitan area.
Bonifacius of S. Marco
Bonifacius (died in 1130 or later) was a Roman Catholic Cardinal and Cardinal-priest of the titulus of San Marco. In 1111, he was one of the cardinals captured by King Henry V at what was supposed to be his coronation, and was held prisoner near Rome along with the pope for sixty-one days. He was forced to subscribe to the oath taken by Pope Paschal II, according to the dictates of King Henry. He was then one of the cardinals who opposed the agreements struck by Paschal with Henry in the Lateran synod of 1112. He was not one of the cardinals who followed popes Gelasius, Calixtus, or Honorius on their travels. In the contested papal election of 1130, he supported Pope Anacletus II.

San Marco Evangelista al Campidoglio, Rome
San Marco is a titular basilica in Rome dedicated to Saint Mark the Evangelist, located in the small Piazza di San Marco adjoining Piazza Venezia. It was first consecrated in 336 by Pope Mark and rebuilt in its present form in 833 by Pope Gregory IV. Today, the basilica is the national church of Venice in Rome.
Greymouth Petroleum
Greymouth Petroleum is an energy company in New Zealand, established in 2002. It owns gas and oil fields, principally in onshore Taranaki, including Kowhai and Turangi in the north of the basin, and smaller fields such as Ngatoro and Kaimiro to the south, mainly delivering gas into industrial customers served by the Maui pipeline as well as Methanex locally.  In 2002 it acquired the Kaimiro and Ngatoro fields from Shell Energy. In 2008 it acquired the New Zealand assets of Swift Energy. In 2018, it lodged a court challenge to the New Zealand government's ban on issuing new offshore oil and gas exploration permits.

In 2019, following a court case, it surrendered the non-producing parts of its Kowhai mining permit.

Greymouth is the operator of Moturoa, the oldest field in New Zealand.

Despite its name, the company has no connection to the township of Greymouth in the West Coast Region of the South Island.

Shell Energy
Shell Energy Retail Limited was a British consumer gas, electricity and broadband provider. Formerly a subsidiary of Shell, the business was acquired by Octopus Energy in December 2023.

The company purchased gas and electricity from international markets for resale to consumers. Originally known as First Utility, the company had a relationship with Shell, where it acted as an intermediary to purchase wholesale energy on the global market. Shell completed the purchase of the company in February 2018, and rebranding to Shell Energy in the UK took place in March 2019. The business formed part of Shell's New Energies division until the 2023 sale to Octopus Energy.
Joseph Mitchell House (Philadelphia)
The Joseph Mitchell House is a Gothic, single-family home in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is part of the Tulpehocken Station Historic District. Samuel Sloan allegedly designed this example of a Gothic villa, a style Andrew Jackson Downing popularized. The exterior has a crenellated tower, a slate roof, gingerbread trim and Queen Anne mullioned windows, and the facade is made from Wissahickon schist.

The house sold in 2014 for $525,000.

Andrew Jackson Downing
Andrew Jackson Downing (October 31, 1815 – July 28, 1852) was an American landscape designer, horticulturist, writer, prominent advocate of the Gothic Revival in the United States, and editor of The Horticulturist magazine (1846–1852). Downing is considered to be a founder of American landscape architecture.
Bořeň
Bořeň (German: Borschen) is a phonolite hill in the Central Bohemian Uplands in the Czech Republic. It has an elevation of 539 m (1,768 ft) and is located in the territory of Bílina in the Ústí nad Labem Region. When seen from the northwest side, the hill has the shape of a lying lion. It is a structure similar to the Devils Tower in Wyoming, and is the largest phonolite structure of its kind in Europe.

There are also mineral water springs which are the source of Bílinská Kyselka water.

Mineral water
Mineral water is water from a mineral spring that contains various minerals, such as salts and sulfur compounds. It is usually still, but may be sparkling (carbonated/effervescent).

Traditionally, mineral waters were used or consumed at their spring sources, often referred to as "taking the waters" or "taking the cure", at places such as spas, baths and wells.

Today, it is far more common for mineral water to be bottled at the source for distributed consumption. Travelling to the mineral water site for direct access to the water is now uncommon, and in many cases not possible because of exclusive commercial ownership rights. More than 4,000 brands of mineral water are commercially available worldwide.

In many places the term "mineral water" is colloquially used to mean any bottled carbonated water or soda water, as opposed to tap water.
Insertion sequence IS1222 ribosomal frameshifting element
In molecular cell biology the Insertion sequence IS1222 ribosomal frameshifting element is an RNA element found in the insertion sequence IS222. The ribosomal frameshifting element stimulates frameshifting which is known to be required for transposition.

Ribosome
A ribosome (/ˈraɪbəzoʊm, -soʊm/) is a ribonucleoprotein particle found in all cells, both prokaryotic and eukaryotic, responsible for the synthesis of proteins. A ribosome functions as a molecular machine in the translation of strands of messenger RNA (mRNA) and production of a protein. A ribosome links amino acids together in the order specified by the codons of mRNA molecules to form polypeptide chains. A ribosome is made up of a large and a small subunit, each consisting of one or more ribosomal RNA molecules and many ribosomal proteins. The ribosomes and associated molecules are also known as the translational apparatus.

Ribosome biogenesis is the process of making ribosomes. This is an energy-consuming, dynamic process, requiring the synthesis of around 200 proteins in the processing of ribosomal RNAs and assembling them with ribosomal proteins to make the ribosomes subunits.
Group of Zeus and Ganymede
The Group of Zeus and Ganymede is a multi-figure Late Archaic Greek terracotta statue group, depicting Zeus carrying the boy Ganymede off to Mount Olympus. It was created in the first quarter of the fifth century BC and is now displayed near where it was originally found in the Archaeological Museum of Olympia.

The group was probably the acroterion of one of the treasuries at Olympia; earlier theories suggested it was contemporary with the Temple of Zeus. The size of the figure is unusual - it is less than life size, but well over the normal size for a terracotta figure. The work is dated to around 480-470 BC, the transitional period between the archaic and the classical periods, and is attributed to a Corinthian workshop.

Arachne (archaeological database)
iDAI.objects arachne (short form: Arachne) is the central object-database (administrator: Reinhard Förtsch) of the German Archaeological Institute (DAI) and the Cologne Digital Archaeology Laboratory (CoDArchLab) at the University of Cologne.

Arachne is intended to provide archaeologists and Classicists with a free internet research tool for searching hundreds of thousands of records on objects and their attributes. This combines an ongoing process of digitizing traditional documentation (stored on media that are both threatened by decay and largely unexplored) with the production of new digital object and graphic data. All digital (graphic and textual) information is secure on a Tivoli Storage System (featuring long-term multiple redundancy) and distributed online through the Storage Area Network in Cologne.
Burgenland Football Association
The Burgenland Football Association (German: Burgenländischer Fussballverband, BFV) is the umbrella organization of the football clubs of the Austrian state Burgenland. The BFV was founded in 1923 and has its headquarters in Eisenstadt.

The BFV is one of 8 regional organizations of the Austrian Football Association (German: Österreichischer Fußball-Bund, ÖFB).

States of Austria
Austria is a federal republic consisting of nine states. The European Commission calls them provinces. Austrian states can pass laws that stay within the limits of the constitution, and each state has representatives in the Austrian federal parliament.
Akers mekaniske Verksted
Akers mekaniske Verksted (often abbreviated Akers mek. Verksted or Akers Mek.) was a workshop, later a shipyard which was established in Fossveien by the Aker River in Oslo in 1841. In 1854 the company moved to Holmen on the west side of Pipervika, which is now known as Aker Brygge. Akers mekaniske Verksted closed in 1982. During its heyday, it was the largest shipyard in Norway. One of the companies split off from the shipyard company merged with Norcem in 1987 to form Aker Norcem, which eventually became Aker ASA.

Pipervika
Pipervika is a neighborhood in the borough Sentrum in Oslo, Norway. It is located between the Oslofjord, Akershus Fortress and The City Hall Square. Today the term Pipervika is primarily used for the bay between the fortress and Aker Brygge. This was formerly commonly known as Piperviksbukta. It is part of the Fjord City urban renewal project.
Association for the Promotion of the Unity of Christendom
The Association for the Promotion of the Unity of Christendom (APUC) was originally established by Ambrose Lisle March Phillipps De Lisle in 1857 within England to promote unity among Anglicans, Roman Catholics, and Orthodox Christians. Condemned by Cardinal Nicholas Wiseman and defunct by the early twentieth century, two successor organisations descended from it: the Catholic League and the Order of Corporate Reunion—two Anglo-Papalist societies. Since 2023, a branch of the Order of Corporate Reunion incorporated within the United States by Peter Paul Brennan and others reorganized themselves as APUC. The newly established incarnation of APUC seeks reformation or restoration within Anglicanism, Catholicism, and Eastern Orthodoxy.

Ambrose Phillipps De Lisle
Ambrose Lisle March Phillipps de Lisle (17 March 1809 – 5 March 1878) was a British Roman Catholic convert. He founded Mount St Bernard Abbey, a Trappist abbey in Leicestershire, and worked for the reconversion or reconciliation of Britain to Catholicism.
Troutville, Virginia
Troutville is a town in Botetourt County, Virginia, United States. The population was 458 at the 2020 census. The town is located along the U.S. Route 11 between Cloverdale and Buchanan. It is part of the Roanoke metropolitan area.

Cloverdale, Virginia
Cloverdale is a census-designated place (CDP) in southern Botetourt County, Virginia, United States. The population was 3,410 at the 2020 census. The community is located along State Route 654. It is part of the Roanoke metropolitan area.
Ihor Khorosh
Ihor Khorosh (Ukrainian: Ігор Ярославович Хорош; born 19 March 1967) is a Ukrainian entrepreneur, florist, breeder. Chairman of the judging panel of the Ukrainian Iris Society. Member of the Ukrainian, American, Italian, Central European, and honorary member of the French iris societies. Laureate of international and national iris competitions.

Lina Kostenko
Lina Vasylivna Kostenko (Ukrainian: Ліна Василівна Костенко; born 19 March 1930) is a Ukrainian poet, journalist, writer, publisher, and former Soviet dissident. A founder and leading representative of the Sixtiers poetry movement, Kostenko has been described as one of Ukraine's foremost poets and credited with reviving Ukrainian-language lyric poetry.

Kostenko has been granted numerous honours, including an honorary professorship at Kyiv Mohyla Academy, honorary doctorates of Lviv and Chernivtsi Universities, the Shevchenko National Prize, and the Legion of Honour.
Presentation Convent Higher Secondary School
Presentation Convent Higher Secondary School  is a selective K-12 independent day school for girls in Rajbagh, on the banks of Jhelum River, Srinagar. It was started in 1936 and run by the Sisters of the Blessed Virgin Mary, also known as Presentation Sisters. It was started to educate Dr. Karan Singh, then Crown Prince of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir. It was started in 1936 by Mother Peter Conway, Mother Sacred Heart, Mother Annunciata, and Mother Xavier. The nuns travelled to Srinagar from Rawalpindi upon the request of the Maharaja Hari Singh.

Nano Nagle
Honora "Nano" Nagle (c. 1718 – 26 April 1784) was an Irish Catholic religious sister who served as a pioneer of Catholic education in Ireland despite legal prohibitions. She founded the Sisters of the Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, commonly known as the Presentation Sisters, now a worldwide Catholic institute of women religious. She was declared venerable in the Catholic Church on 31 October 2013 by Pope Francis.
Soledad Acosta (singer)
Sara Lilia Sánchez Acosta (born 13 July 1941), known professionally as Soledad Acosta, is a Mexican singer, actress, and dancer.

A native of Camargo, Chihuahua, Acosta began her career as a dancer and performed with Constanza Hool. She was a member of several ballet companies and also appeared in several television programs, including Revista Musical Nescafé, Max Factor: las estrellas y usted, El estudio Raleigh de Pedro Vargas. She was discovered by a publicist and TV producer who saw her dancing at the nightclub Los Globos.

Acosta portrayed La Malinche in the film El juicio de Martín Cortés (1974), directed by Alejandro Galindo. She formed part of a delegation that Mexico's Secretariat of Tourism sent to Japan. In 1976, her single "Consejos a mi hijo" was a best-selling record.

Secretariat of Tourism
The Mexican Secretary of Tourism (Spanish: Secretaría de Turismo, SECTUR) is the government department in charge of the nation's tourism promotion and development. The Secretary is appointed by the President of the Republic and is a member of the federal executive cabinet.

The department conducts the development policy for national tourist activity and promotes tourist development zones in conjunction with the states.
Milan Jesih
Milan Jesih (born April 14, 1950) is a Slovene poet, playwright, and translator. He was the president of the Slovene Writers' Association between 2009 and 2011.

Jesih was born in Ljubljana in 1950. He studied comparative literature at the University of Ljubljana and was a member of the avant-garde poetry group 442. He is known for his translations from English and Russian into Slovene (Shakespeare, Chekhov, and Bulgakov).

He won the Prešeren Foundation Award in 1986 for his poetry collection Usta and for his plays, the Jenko Award and the Veronika Award for his poetry collection Jambi in 2001, and the Grand Prešeren Award in 2002 for his poetic opus.

Jenko Award
The Jenko Award (Slovene: Jenkova nagrada) is a literary award in Slovenia awarded each year for the best poetry collection in Slovene published in the previous two years. It has been bestowed since 1986 by the Slovene Writers' Association. It is named after the 19th-century Slovene poet Simon Jenko.
Cape Santiago
Cape Santiago (Spanish: Cabo Santiago, Filipino: Kabo Santiago) is the southwestern point of the island of Luzon located within the municipality of Calatagan in Batangas, Philippines. It is a cape at the southern tip of Calatagan Peninsula which faces the South China Sea to the west and Pagapas Bay, an arm of Balayan Bay, to the east. The cape has been the site of a navigational aid since the 1890s.

Cape Santiago is located about 130 kilometres (81 mi) southwest of Manila. It is administratively part of the barangay of Bagong Silang.

Navigational aid
A navigational aid (NAVAID), also known as aid to navigation (ATON), is any sort of signal, markers or guidance equipment which aids the traveller in navigation, usually nautical or aviation travel.  Common types of such aids include lighthouses, buoys, fog signals, and day beacons.
Carella
Carella is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Enzo Carella (1952–2017), Italian singer-songwriter

Emmanuel Carella (born 1982), Australian singer

C. J. Carella, American RPG maker and novelist

Cristiana Carella (born 2000), known as Senza Cri, Italian singer-songwriter

Steve Carella, detective in the American television show 87th Precinct

Tony Carella, Canadian politician

Emmanuel Carella
Emmanuel "Manni" Carella (born 15 July 1982) is an Australian pop singer who has released an album, Emmanuel (April 2005). He has issued three Top 40 singles with "Don't Say a Word" reaching No. 7 in August 2003. He was voted TV Hits' Hottest Aussie Male Pop Star, in June 2003.
Koruna (Svitavy District)
Koruna is a municipality and village in Svitavy District in the Pardubice Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Koruna lies approximately 21 kilometres (13 mi) north-east of Svitavy, 71 km (44 mi) east of Pardubice, and 167 km (104 mi) east of Prague.

Pardubice Region
Pardubice Region (Czech: Pardubický kraj) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic, located mainly in the eastern part of its historical region of Bohemia, with a small part in northwestern Moravia. It is named after its capital Pardubice. As an administrative unit, Pardubice Region has existed three times in the course of history. It was established for the first time in 1850, and extended from Český Brod to the Bohemian-Moravian border. In its second existence, it was one of 19 regions as they were set between 1949 and 1960. After 1960, Pardubice became the capital of Pardubice district, which was part of the Eastern Bohemian Region (capital Hradec Králové). The Pardubice Region, as it is now, was reestablished in 2000.
Mati Angel
Mati Angel (Hebrew: מתי אנג'ל; 17 October 1938 – 27 July 2012) was an Israeli paralympic athlete who competes in para swimming and para table tennis. She was one of the first women to represent Israel at the paralympics. She competed in swimming in three Summer Games (1960, 1968 and 1972) and in table tennis in four Summer Games (1960, 1968, 1972 and 1980).

In addition to competing in the paralympics, Angel was an attorney and worked for thirty years at the District Attorney's office of the Tel Aviv District.

1960 Summer Paralympics
The 9th Annual International Stoke Mandeville Games, retroactively designated as the 1960 Summer Paralympics, were the first international Paralympic Games, following on from the Stoke Mandeville Games of 1948 and 1952. They were organised under the aegis of the International Stoke Mandeville Games Federation. The term "Paralympic Games" was approved by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) first in 1984, while the International Paralympic Committee (IPC) was formed in 1989.

The Games were held in Rome, Italy from September 18 to 25, 1960, with the 1960 Summer Olympics. The only disability included in these Paralympics was spinal cord injury. There were 400 athletes from 23 countries.
Tsuru, Yamanashi
Tsuru (都留市, Tsuru-shi) is a city located in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 May 2019,  the city had an estimated population of 30,311 in 13079 households, and a population density of 190 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 161.63 square kilometres (62.41 sq mi).

Cities of Japan
A city (市, shi) is a local administrative unit in Japan. Cities are ranked on the same level as towns (町, machi) and villages (村, mura), with the difference that they are not a component of districts (郡, gun). Like other contemporary administrative units, they are defined by the Local Autonomy Law of 1947.