hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Darious Williams
Darious Williams (born March 15, 1993) is an American professional football cornerback for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Marietta Pioneers and UAB Blazers. After signing as an undrafted free agent with the Baltimore Ravens, Williams went on to join the Los Angeles Rams, where he won a championship with the team during Super Bowl LVI.

Wade Phillips
Harold Wade Phillips (born June 21, 1947) is an American football coach. He has served as the head coach of the Denver Broncos, Buffalo Bills, Dallas Cowboys, Houston Roughnecks, and San Antonio Brahmas. He has also served as an interim head coach for the New Orleans Saints, Atlanta Falcons, and Houston Texans. Additionally, Phillips has long been considered to be among the best defensive coordinators in the NFL. In his long career, he has served as defensive coordinator in eight separate stints with seven different franchises (twice with the Denver Broncos). Multiple players under Phillips' system have won Defensive Player of the Year: Reggie White, Bryce Paup, Bruce Smith, J. J. Watt, and Aaron Donald. Others under Phillips have won Defensive Rookie of the Year: Mike Croel and Shawne Merriman. In Phillips' lone Super Bowl victory, a defensive player would be named Super Bowl MVP: Von Miller.
Gothic War (457–458)
The Gothic War of 457–458 was a military conflict between the Visigoths of Theoderic II against the Western Roman Empire of Emperor Majorian. The war began in 457 with a revolt of the Goths in Aquitania that pushed aside Roman authority, followed by an aggressive conquest in the adjacent Septimania aimed at area expansion. The war ended with a Roman victory over the Goths in the Battle of Arles in 458.

Marcellinus (magister militum)
Marcellinus (died August 468) was a Roman general and patrician who ruled over the region of Dalmatia in the Western Roman Empire and held sway with the army there from 454 until his death. Governing Dalmatia both independently from, and under, six Emperors during the twilight of the Western Empire, Marcellinus proved to be an able administrator and military personality with sources making reference that he ruled justly and well and kept Dalmatia independent of the emperor and of barbarian rulers.
Mases
Mases (Ancient Greek: Μάσης, ἡ Μάσητος) was a city in the district Hermionis, on the Argolic peninsula, in ancient Argolis. It is mentioned by Homer as part of Diomedes's kingdom in the Catalogue of Ships in the Iliad, along with Aegina. In the time of Pausanias, it was used as a harbour by Hermione.

Its site is tentatively located near the modern Koilada, northeast of Kranidi.

Aegina
Aegina (Greek: Αίγινα pronounced [ˈeʝina]; Ancient Greek: Αἴγῑνα) is one of the Saronic Islands of Greece in the Saronic Gulf, 27 km (17 mi) from Athens. Tradition derives the name from Aegina, the mother of the mythological hero Aeacus, who was born on the island and became its king. In classical antiquity Aegina was a powerful city-state and at one point a rival of Athens. In modern times Aegina is known for the temple of Aphaia, pistacho production, and the pilgrimage site of St. Nektarios. Many Athenians have established vacation homes in Aegina.
Len Stacker
Len Stacker is an Australian rugby league footballer who played in the 1960s.  He played for Parramatta in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) competition.  He also coached the Penrith Panthers and Western Suburbs in the late 1970s and early 1980s.

Western Suburbs Magpies
The Western Suburbs Magpies (legal name: Western Suburbs District Rugby League Football Club Ltd) is an Australian rugby league football club based in the western suburbs of Sydney, New South Wales. Formed in 1908, Wests, as the club is commonly referred to, was one of the nine foundation clubs of the first New South Wales Rugby League competition in Australia. The club, as a sole entity, departed the top-flight competition in 1999 after forming a 50–50 joint venture with Balmain Tigers to form the Wests Tigers. The club currently fields sides in the NSW State Cup (Canterbury Cup), Ron Massey Cup (Opens), S.G. Ball Cup (Under 19's) and Harold Matthews Cup (Under 17's) competitions.

Campbelltown Stadium, which has a capacity of 18,000, is the club's home stadium.
Cedar Flat, California
Cedar Flat (Chimariko: Hots'i'nakčʰa xotai) is a census-designated place (CDP) in eastern Placer County, California, United States. It is located on the northwest shore of Lake Tahoe, between Carnelian Bay to the northeast and Dollar Point to the southwest. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

Chimariko language
Chimariko is an extinct language isolate formerly spoken in northern Trinity County, California, by the inhabitants of several independent communities. While the total area claimed by these communities was remarkably small, Golla (2011:87–89) believes there is evidence that three local dialects were recognized: Trinity River Chimariko, spoken along the Trinity River from the mouth of South Fork at Salyer as far upstream as Big Bar, with a principal village at Burnt Ranch; South Fork Chimariko, spoken around the junction of South Fork and Hayfork Creek, with a principal village at Hyampom; and New River Chimariko, spoken along New River on the southern slopes of the Trinity Alps, with a principal village at Denny.
Johnny P. Curtis
Chief Johnny P. Curtis (born November 28, 1950) of Fort McDowell, Arizona is a member of the San Carlos Apache Tribe. Chief Curtis has been involved in Native American Music since the early gospel music movement of the 1970s. Chief Curtis has produced multiple records within the past thirty plus years. He writes his own original songs and music compositions.  In October 2008 Chief Curtis received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Native American Music Association in Niagara Falls, New York. He is also two time Native American Music Awards winner.

San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation
The San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation (Western Apache: Tsékʼáádn), in southeastern Arizona, United States, was established in 1872 as a reservation for the Chiricahua Apache tribe as well as surrounding Yavapai and Apache bands removed from their original homelands under a strategy devised by General George Crook of setting the various Apache tribes against one another. Once nicknamed "Hell's Forty Acres" during the late 19th century due to poor health and environmental conditions, modern San Carlos Apaches operate a Chamber of Commerce, the Apache Gold and Apache Sky Casinos, a Language Preservation program, a Culture Center, and a Tribal College.
Frederick D. Losey
Frederick Douglas Losey (November 6, 1866 – June 5, 1932) was an American Shakespearian scholar and elocutionist. He was the head of rhetoric and public speaking at Syracuse University and also taught at the University of Alabama. He was considered "America's greatest interpreter of Shakespeare." During the 1920s, he was also "as well known as the celebrities of the professional stage."

Elocution
Elocution is the study of formal speaking in pronunciation, grammar, style, and tone as well as the idea and practice of effective speech and its forms. It stems from the idea that while communication is symbolic, sounds are final and compelling.

Elocution emerged in England in the 18th and 19th centuries and in the United States during the 19th century. It benefited men and women in different ways; the overall concept was to teach both how to become better, more persuasive speakers and standardize errors in spoken and written English. The beginnings of the formulation of argument were also discussed.
Balanced Ecology
Balanced Ecology, Inc. (BEI) is a 501(c)(3), non-profit organization dedicated to the use of science and education to increase public knowledge of wildlife and habitat conservation and promote sustainable coexistence between people and nature.   The organization was founded in 2007 to address unique conservation challenges in Texas, its home state, as well as other locations.

Habitat conservation
Habitat conservation is a management practice that seeks to conserve, protect and restore habitats and prevent species extinction, fragmentation or reduction in range. It is a priority of many groups that cannot be easily characterized in terms of any one ideology.
Nate Libby
Nathan Libby is an American Democratic former politician from Maine. He represented Senate District 21, which serves Lewiston, Maine's second-largest city. Libby grew up in central Maine and attended Bates College where he majored in history and economics. He also holds a Master of Business Administration from the University of Southern Maine and most recently worked as economic development director for the city of Lewiston before his 2026 firing. Libby served one term in the Maine House of Representatives from 2012 to 2014 and was first elected to the Maine Senate in 2014. He served as the Senate majority leader from 2018-2020.

Maine House of Representatives
The Maine House of Representatives is the lower house of the Maine Legislature. The House consists of 151 voting members and three nonvoting members. The voting members represent an equal number of districts across the state and are elected via plurality voting. The nonvoting members represent three of Maine's Native American tribes, though one tribe (the Penobscot Nation) has declined to send a representative. Each voting member of the House represents around 9,000 citizens of the state. Because it is a part-time position, members of the Maine House of Representatives usually have outside employment as well. Members are limited to four consecutive terms of two years each, but may run again after two years.

The House meets at the Maine State House in Augusta.
Ross Smith (Australian footballer, born 1965)
Ross Smith (born 3 February 1965) is the defensive coach at the Richmond Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). He is a former Australian rules footballer who played 224 games for AFL club North Melbourne between 1984 and 1996, mainly on the half back line.

In 1997, Smith captain-coached Ainslie to the Australian Capital Territory Football League premiership. He then served as the inaugural captain-coach of the Bendigo Diggers in the Victorian Football League in 1998. Smith joined Richmond as an assistant coach in September 2011, signing a three-year deal. He was previously an assistant coach at Hawthorn for seven years.

AFL Canberra
AFL Canberra is the name of the local governing body for and premier competition of Australian rules football in the Australian Capital Territory (and the Southern Tablelands of New South Wales).

It acts as an umbrella to several competitions beneath it. These competitions are Seniors First Grade, Seniors Second Grade, Thirds, Fourths and a Rising Stars League. A women's league, the Australian Capital Territory Women's Australian Football League operates separately though most AFL Canberra clubs also field women's teams.

The competition is technically Canberra's division of the Australian Capital Territory Australian Football League.
Middle Swan, Western Australia
Middle Swan is a suburb of Perth, Western Australia, and forms part of the City of Swan local government area. The suburb is bordered to the west by the Swan River. The suburb is most notable for its various wineries, including Nikola Estate that was once known as Houghton and Sandalford. It also has the Midland brickworks within its boundaries, as well as an accommodation facility (Swanleigh Residential College, which closed in 2010) for country students attending the Governor Stirling Senior High School and Swan Christian College.

Swan Christian Education Association
Swan Christian Education Association Inc (SCEA) is an organisation founded in 1982 to "establish and maintain Christian Schools". SCEA's first six schools were located in or near to the Swan Valley and Hills regions of Perth, though in 2017 it ventured into new territory by opening Northshore Christian Grammar School in Alkimos.

SCEA is governed by a volunteer board elected from and by Association Members. The board appoints a Chief Executive Officer to manage the organisation.

SCEA is a system member of the Association of Independent Schools of Western Australia.
1977 UK Championship
The 1977 UK Championship (officially the 1977 Super Crystalate UK Championship) was a professional non-ranking snooker tournament that took place at the Tower Circus in Blackpool between 26 November and 3 December 1977.

Mike Watterson instituted this new championship with sponsorship from manufacturers of the Super Crystalate balls. The inaugural UK Championship was held in Blackpool, but the following year the tournament moved to the Guild Hall in Preston, where it remained for twenty years.

The event was won by Patsy Fagan, a London-based Dubliner, who had been a professional for less than a year. The final was televised and shown on BBC One's Grandstand programme. Retired English snooker player Joe Davis presented Fagan with the trophy.

Fagan earned £2,000 out of the £7,000 total prize money.

Blackpool Tower
Blackpool Tower is a tourist attraction in Blackpool, Lancashire, England, which was opened to the public on 14 May 1894. When it opened, Blackpool Tower was the tallest man-made structure in the British Empire. Inspired by the Eiffel Tower in Paris, France, it is 518 feet (158 metres) tall and was once the 125th-tallest freestanding tower in the world. Blackpool Tower is also the common name for the Tower Buildings, an entertainment complex in a red-brick three-storey block that comprises the tower, Tower Circus, the Tower Ballroom, and roof gardens, which was designated a Grade I listed building in 1973.
Dennis L. Via
Dennis L. Via (born 1957 or 1958) is a retired United States Army four-star general who last served as the 18th commanding general of the United States Army Materiel Command from 7 August 2012 to 30 September 2016. He is the first Signal Corps officer since General Henry H. Arnold to achieve four-star rank. He retired from the army on 30 September 2016 after over 36 years of service.

United States Army Materiel Command
The United States Army Materiel Command (AMC) is the primary provider of materiel to the United States Army via its contracting support brigades.

AMC operates depots; arsenals; ammunition plants; and other facilities, and maintains the Army's prepositioned stocks, both on land and afloat. The command is also the Department of Defense Executive Agent for conventional ammunition and the U.S. chemical weapons stockpile.

AMC is responsible for the business of selling United States Army equipment and services to allies of the United States and negotiates and implements agreements for co-production of U.S. weapons systems by other states.
Cereus Blooms at Night
Cereus Blooms at Night (1996) is the first novel published by film-maker, artist, and writer Shani Mootoo. The novel recounts the story of an old lady named Mala Ramchandin through the narrative of Tyler, a nurse at Paradise Alms House. Although the setting of the novel (the town of Paradise in the country Lantanacamara) is deliberately left ambiguous, it is thought to be patterned after the island of Trinidad, where Mootoo lived as a child. Cereus and other flora found throughout the novel, the creolized dialect spoken by the inhabitants of Lantanacamara, and the racial composition of its population (white people, Indians, black people) are all suggestive of Caribbean society. Other possibilities would include Guyana, Suriname, and Mauritius, all of which have sizable Indian populations.

Ceroid cactus
The term ceroid cactus (or sometimes just cereus) is used to describe any of the species of cacti with very elongated bodies, including columnar growth cacti and epiphytic cacti.
The name is from the Latin cēreus, meaning "wax taper (a slender candle)", referring to the stiff, upright form of the columnar species. Some species of ceroid cacti were known as torch cactus or torch-thistle, supposedly due to their use as torches by Native Americans in the past.

The genus Cereus  was first genus for such cacti and one of the oldest cactus genera. Its circumscription varies depending on the authority.

According to Cactiguide, the word cereus was commonly and freely used to describe any tree-like cacti, although this general use of the word is regarded as misleading, and the word ceroid or ceriform is preferred.
Semblance analysis
Semblance analysis is a process used in the refinement and study of seismic data. The use of this technique along with other methods makes it possible to greatly increase the resolution of the data despite the presence of background noise. The new data received following the semblance analysis is usually easier to interpret when trying to deduce the underground structure of an area. Weighted semblance can be used for increasing the resolution of traditional semblance or make traditional semblance capable of analyzing more complicated seismic data.

Resolution of singularities
In algebraic geometry, the problem of resolution of singularities asks whether every algebraic variety V has a resolution, which is a non-singular variety W with a proper birational map W→V. For varieties over fields of characteristic 0, this was proved by Heisuke Hironaka in 1964; while for varieties of dimension at least 4 over fields of characteristic p, it is an open problem.
Euphorbia aureoviridiflora
Euphorbia aureoviridiflora is a species of plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. It is endemic to Madagascar.  Its natural habitat is rocky areas. It is threatened by habitat loss. It is protected from export under CITES.

CITES
CITES (shorter acronym for the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, also known as the Washington Convention) is a multilateral treaty to protect endangered plants and animals from the threats of international trade. It was drafted as a result of a resolution adopted in 1963 at a meeting of members of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The convention was opened for signature in 1973 and CITES entered into force on 1 July 1975.

Its aim is to ensure that international trade (import/export) in specimens of animals and plants included under CITES does not threaten the survival of the species in the wild. This is achieved via a system of permits and certificates. CITES affords varying degrees of protection to more than 40,900 species.

As of December 2024, the Secretary-General of CITES is Ivonne Higuero.
Acar, Kilis
Acar is a village in the Kilis District, Kilis Province, Turkey. The village had a population of 448 in 2022.

In late 19th century, German orientalist Martin Hartmann listed the village as a settlement of 40 houses inhabited by Turks.

Martin Hartmann
Martin Hartmann (9 December 1851, Breslau – 5 December 1918, Berlin) was a German orientalist, who specialized in Islamic studies.

In 1875, he received his doctorate at the University of Leipzig as a student of Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer. From 1876 to 1887 he served as a dragoman at the German General Consulate in Beirut. From 1887 until his death in 1918 he taught classes at the Department of Oriental Languages in Berlin.

As a professor in Berlin he strove hard for the recognition of Islamic studies as an independent discipline. His numerous contributions to the field of Islamic studies were based on a sociological standpoint. Many of these works were published in the journal "Die Welt des Islams" (The World of Islam), a publication of the "Deutsche Gesellschaft für Islamkunde", an organization that Hartmann was a co-founder of in 1912.
Longin Jan Latecki
Longin Jan Latecki is a professor of computer science at Temple University, Philadelphia. His research interests encompass computer vision, natural language processing, machine learning, data mining, and digital geometry.

Natural language processing
Natural language processing (NLP) is the processing of natural language information by a computer. NLP is a subfield of computer science and is closely associated with artificial intelligence. NLP is also related to information retrieval, knowledge representation, computational linguistics, and linguistics more broadly.

Major processing tasks in an NLP system include: speech recognition, text classification, natural language understanding, and natural language generation.
Pierre Dørge
Pierre Dørge (born 28 February 1946) is a Danish avant-garde jazz guitarist. As leader of the New Jungle Orchestra, he combined traditional and modern jazz with West African Highlife guitar music. Among his collaborators have been his wife, pianist Irene Becker, saxophonist John Tchicai, bassist Johnny Dyani, and percussionist Marilyn Mazur.

Avant-garde jazz
Avant-garde jazz (also known as avant-jazz, experimental jazz, or "new thing") is a style of music and improvisation that combines avant-garde art music and composition with jazz. It originated in the early 1950s and developed through the late 1960s. One of the earliest developments within avant-garde jazz was that of free jazz, and the two terms were originally synonymous. Much avant-garde jazz is stylistically distinct, however, in that it lacks free jazz's thoroughly improvised nature and is either fully or partially composed.
Diarmuid Rossa Phelan
Diarmuid Rossa Phelan is a farmer, senior counsel, professor at the School of Law, Trinity College Dublin, fellow of Trinity College Dublin (TCD), and a former member of TCD's Board, to which he was twice elected. He was also twice elected Chairman of TCD's Board of Fellows.

He is a member of the Bar of England and Wales, the Bar of Northern Ireland and the New York State Bar Association.

Barristers in England and Wales
Barristers in England and Wales are one of the two main categories of lawyer in England and Wales, the other being solicitors.

Barristers have traditionally had the role of handling cases for representation in court, both defence and prosecution. They are highly-trained legal advisers and courtroom advocates and appear in court when instructed by a solicitor. Strict rules are in place about what a barrister must do for the court, their client and how they must behave.

The word lawyer is a generic term, referring to a person who practises in law, which could also be deemed to include other legal practitioners such as chartered legal executives.
Otford
Otford is a village and civil parish in the Sevenoaks District of Kent, England. It lies on the River Darent, 3 miles (5 km) north of Sevenoaks. Otford's four churches are the Anglican Church of St Bartholomew in the village centre, the Otford Methodist Church, the Most Holy Trinity Roman Catholic Church, and the Otford Evangelical Church. By the village pond, there are pubs, cafes and shops. The village has three schools, Otford Primary School, St Michael's Prep School, and Russell House.

Sevenoaks District
Sevenoaks is a local government district in west Kent, England. Its council is based in the town of Sevenoaks.

The district was formed on 1 April 1974 by the merger of Sevenoaks Urban District, Sevenoaks Rural District and part of Dartford Rural District.
Karanasa leechi
Karanasa leechi is a butterfly of the family Nymphalidae. It is found in Asia, including the Darvaz Range in the Pamirs and the Hindu Kush.

The habitat consists of xerophytic slopes with thin vegetation at 3,500 to 4,700 meters above sea level.

Adults are on wing from July to August.

Darvoz Range
The Darvoz Range or Darvaz Range (Tajik: Қаторкӯҳи Дарвоз, Russian: Дарва́зский хребе́т) is a mountain range in the Western Pamirs, in Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region of Tajikistan. Its name derives from the historical region of Darvaz.