hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cannabis cultivation
The cultivation of cannabis is the production of cannabis infructescences ("buds" or "leaves"). Cultivation techniques for other purposes (such as hemp production) differ.

In the United States, all cannabis products in a regulated market must be grown in the state where they are sold because federal law continues to ban interstate cannabis sales. Most regulated cannabis is grown indoors.

Occupational diseases, including asthma, are an emerging concern in the rapidly expanding U.S. cannabis industry. Cannabis cultivation and processing technicians may be exposed to numerous respiratory hazards, e.g. organic particulate matter and dust from ground cannabis flower, mold, bacterial endotoxins, and pesticides. Employees exposed to ground cannabis without adequate controls are at risk of developing occupational asthma which can be fatal.

Infructescence
In botany, infructescence (fruiting head) is defined as the ensemble of fruits derived from the ovaries of an inflorescence. It usually retains the size and structure of the inflorescence.

In some cases, infructescences are similar in appearance to simple fruits. These are called multiple fruits. One example is the infructescence of Ananas, which is formed from the fusion of the berries with receptacle tissues and bracts.

The mature infructescence of a grain, such as wheat or maize, is known as an ear. The infructescence of Ficus is called a syconium.
Judd Medak
Judd Medak (born September 20, 1979) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player.

Medak attended the University of Minnesota Duluth where he played four years (1998 - 2002) of NCAA hockey with the Minnesota–Duluth Bulldogs, scoring 30 goals and 61 assists for 91 points, while earning 293 penalty minutes, in 144 games played.

Medak went on to play three seasons of professional hockey, predominantly in the ECHL where he skated in 141 games, registering 50 goals and 66 assists for 116 points, along with 216 penalty minutes. He also played 23 games in the American Hockey League and 14 games with the Fife Flyers of the British National League.

Fife Flyers
The Fife Flyers are a Scottish professional ice hockey team in Kirkcaldy, Fife. Established in 1938, the Flyers are the oldest still-extant club in the country. The Flyers play their home games at Fife Ice Arena, which has a capacity of 3,525.

They joined the EIHL in 2011. They are coached by Canadian Jamie Russell.
1977 NAIA ice hockey championship
The 1977 NAIA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament involved eight schools playing in single-elimination bracket to determine the national champion of men's NAIA college ice hockey. The 1977 tournament was the tenth men's ice hockey tournament to be sponsored by the NAIA.   The tournament began on February 25, 1977 and ended with the championship game on February 27, 1977.

College sports
College sports or college athletics encompasses amateur sports played by non-professional, collegiate and university-level student athletes in competitive sports and games. College sports have led to many college rivalries.

College sports trace their roots back to the early 19th century. Originating from public schools in Britain, varsity matches between Oxford University and Cambridge University spread to Harvard University and Yale University, which influenced the development of college sports in the United States, and to college sports in Commonwealth, European, and other countries, such as Japan.
North Cushitic languages
The North Cushitic languages comprise a branch of the Cushitic family within the Afro-Asiatic language phylum. It includes the modern day Beja language, spoken primarily in Sudan, Eritrea, and parts of Egypt, with several extinct languages such as Medjay and Blemmyan. It is distinguished by unique phonological and lexical features that set it apart from other spoken Cushitic languages.

Blemmyes
The Blemmyes (Ancient Greek: Βλέμμυες or Βλέμυες, Blémues [blé.my.es], Latin: Blemmyae) were an Eastern Desert people who appeared in written sources from the 7th century BC until the 8th century AD. By the late 4th century, they had occupied Lower Nubia and established a kingdom. From inscriptions in the temple of Isis at Philae, a considerable amount is known about the structure of the Blemmyan state.

The Blemmyes are usually identified as one of the components of the archaeological X-Group culture that flourished in Late Antiquity. Their identification with the Beja people who have inhabited the same region since the Middle Ages is generally accepted.
1995 Miller Genuine Draft 500 (Pocono)
The 1995 Miller Genuine Draft 500 was the 17th stock car race of the 1995 NASCAR Winston Cup Series and the 23rd iteration of the event. The race was held on Sunday, July 16, 1995, in Long Pond, Pennsylvania, at Pocono Raceway, a 2.5 miles (4.0 km) triangular permanent course. The race took the scheduled 200 laps to complete. Depending on fuel mileage, Robert Yates Racing driver Dale Jarrett would manage to stretch his last fuel run for 41 laps to take his fourth career NASCAR Winston Cup Series victory and his only victory of the season. To fill out the top three, Hendrick Motorsports driver Jeff Gordon and Rudd Performance Motorsports driver Ricky Rudd would finish second and third, respectively.

Ricky Rudd
Richard Lee Rudd (born September 12, 1956), nicknamed "the Rooster", is an American former racing driver and racing team owner. He is the uncle of actor Skeet Ulrich and former NASCAR Busch Series driver Jason Rudd. He retired in 2007 with 23 career wins; twenty were done in a span from 1983 to 1998, where he won at least one race in sixteen consecutive seasons, a mark only surpassed by three other drivers. He was named the 2006 Virginian of the Year and was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame in 2007. In October 2010, he was selected to the Hampton Roads Sports Hall of Fame, which honors those who have contributed to sports in southeastern Virginia.
Exhaust gas temperature gauge
An exhaust gas temperature gauge (EGT gauge or EGT sensor) is a meter used to monitor the exhaust gas temperature of an internal combustion engine in conjunction with a thermocouple-type pyrometer. EGT gauges are found in certain cars and aeroplanes. By monitoring EGT, the driver or pilot can get an idea of the vehicle's air-fuel ratio (AFR).

At a stoichiometric air-fuel ratio, the exhaust gas temperature is different from that in a lean or rich air-fuel ratio. At rich air-fuel ratio, the exhaust gas temperature either increases or decreases depending on the fuel. High temperatures (typically above 1,600 °F or 900 °C) can be an indicator of dangerous conditions that can lead to catastrophic engine failure.

Instrumentation
Instrumentation is a collective term for measuring instruments, used for indicating, measuring, and recording physical quantities. It is also a field of study about the art and science about making measurement instruments, involving the related areas of metrology, automation, and control theory. The term has its origins in the art and science of scientific instrument-making.

Instrumentation can refer to devices as simple as direct-reading thermometers, or as complex as multi-sensor components of industrial control systems. Instruments can be found in laboratories, refineries, factories and vehicles, as well as in everyday household use (e.g., smoke detectors and thermostats).
Mahnaz Afkhami
Mahnaz Afkhami (Persian: مهناز افخمی; born January 14, 1941) is an Iranian women's rights activist who served in the Cabinet of Iran from 1976 to 1978. She is founder and president of Women's Learning Partnership (WLP), executive director of the Foundation for Iranian Studies and former Minister of Women's Affairs in Iran's pre-Revolution government.  She has lived in exile in the United States since 1979.

Afkhami has been an advocate for women's rights since the 1970s. She has founded and headed several international non-governmental organizations focused on advancing the status of women in Iran and later around the world. She has lectured and published extensively on the international women's movement, women's human rights, women in leadership, women and technology, the status of women in Muslim-majority societies and on women's participation in civil society-building and democratization. Her books have been translated into multiple languages and distributed internationally.

Civil society
Civil society can be understood as the "third sector" of society, distinct from government and business, and including the family and the private sphere. By other authors, civil society is used in the sense of
(1) the aggregate of non-governmental organizations and institutions that advance the interests and will of citizens or
(2) individuals and organizations in a society which are independent of the government.

Sometimes the term civil society is used in the more general sense of "the elements such as freedom of speech, an independent judiciary, etc., that make up a democratic society" (Collins English Dictionary). Especially in the discussions among thinkers of Eastern and Central Europe, civil society is seen also as a normative concept of civic values.
Mark 10 nuclear bomb
The Mark 10 nuclear bomb was a proposed American nuclear bomb based on the earlier Mark 8 nuclear bomb design.  The Mark 10, like the Mark 8, is a gun-type nuclear weapon, which rapidly assembles several critical masses of fissile nuclear material by firing a fissile projectile or "bullet" over a fissile "target", using a system which closely resembles a medium-sized cannon barrel and propellant.

The Mark 10 was intended to be a general purpose airburst nuclear weapon, unlike the Mark 8 which was intended to penetrate into the ground as a Nuclear bunker buster. It was nicknamed the "Airburst Elsie"; the Mark 8 had been nicknamed the LC or Light Casing bomb, which was then expanded to "Elsie." The bomb was 12 inches (30 cm) in diameter and weighed 1,500 or 1,750 pounds (680 or 790 kg).  It had a design yield of 12 to 15 kilotons.

The Mark 10 design was cancelled in 1952, replaced by the implosion-type Mark 12 which was lighter and used considerably less fissile material.

TNT equivalent
TNT equivalent is a convention for expressing energy, typically used to describe the energy released in an explosion. A ton of TNT equivalent is a unit of energy defined by convention to be 4.184 gigajoules (1 gigacalorie). It is the approximate energy released in the detonation of a metric ton (megagram) of trinitrotoluene (TNT). In other words, for each gram of TNT exploded, 4.184 kilojoules (or 4184 joules) of energy are released.
This convention intends to compare the destructiveness of an event with that of conventional explosive materials, of which TNT is a typical example, although other conventional explosives such as dynamite contain more energy.
A related concept is the physical quantity TNT-equivalent mass (or mass of TNT equivalent), expressed in the ordinary units of mass and its multiples: kilogram (kg), megagram (Mg) or tonne (t), etc.
2016 NCAA Division II men's basketball tournament
The 2016 NCAA Division II men's basketball tournament involved 64 teams playing in a single-elimination tournament to determine the national champion of men's NCAA Division II college basketball. It began in March 2016, following the 2015–16 season, and concluded with the championship game on March 26, 2016.

The eight regional winners met in the Elite Eight for the quarterfinal, semifinal, and championship rounds. For the first time, the final rounds were held at Dr. Pepper Arena in Frisco, Texas.

Augustana (SD) defeated Lincoln Memorial, 90-81, to win the first national championship in the school's history. Lubbock Christian, Saginaw Valley State and St. Thomas Aquinas all made their first Division II tournament appearance. All won their first tournament game, and Saginaw Valley advanced to the Elite Eight. At the same time, Kentucky Wesleyan made its 38th appearance, Philadelphia its 35th, and Seattle Pacific its 26th, but all lost their opening round game.

St. Thomas Aquinas College
St. Thomas Aquinas College (STAC) is a private college in Sparkill, New York, United States. The college is named after the medieval philosopher and theologian Thomas Aquinas. It was founded by the Dominican Sisters of Sparkill, whose headquarters are in the town. The college offers 35 majors across three schools: Arts and Sciences, Business, and Education.
Syro-Malankara Catholic Eparchy of Mavelikara
The Eparchy of Mavelikara is a Syro-Malankara Catholic Church ecclesiastical territory or Eparchy of the Catholic Church in India. It is a suffragan eparchy in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archeparchy of Trivandrum.

Its episcopal see is Mavelikkara, a taluk and municipality in the southern part of Alappuzha district of the southwestern Indian state of Kerala, on the banks of the Achankovil River.

It is the 6th eparchy of the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church, established on 2007.01.02 on territory formerly belonging to the Metropolitan archeparchies. It has 94 parishes and 37,000 members. The first Bishop of this eparchy is Joshua Mar Ignathios. Patron saint is the Blessed Virgin Mary, to whom the cathedral is also devoted. On the 30th May 2025 Mathews Mar Polycarpos was appointed the second Bishop following the retirement of Joshua Mar Ignathios. His Installation was held on the 29th June 2025.

Suffragan diocese
A suffragan diocese is one of the dioceses other than the metropolitan archdiocese that constitute an ecclesiastical province. It exists in some Christian denominations, in particular the Catholic Church, the Episcopal Church, Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, and the Romanian Orthodox Church.

In the Catholic Church, although such a diocese is governed by its own bishop or ordinary, who is the suffragan bishop, the metropolitan archbishop has in its regard certain rights and duties of oversight. He has no power of governance within a suffragan diocese, but has some limited rights and duties to intervene in cases of neglect by the authorities of the diocese itself.
Robert D. Macredie
Robert Duncan Macredie (born 31 July 1968) is a British computer scientist. He served as Professor, Head of department, and Head of the School of Information Systems, Computing and Mathematics at Brunel University, Uxbridge, west London and was, until February 2010, Pro-Vice-Chancellor for Student Experience at Brunel University. Macredie was founder and is editor-in-chief, of the Springer research journal Virtual Reality. He has held a number of UK Research Council and EU Framework grants in the areas of computer science and information systems. He is Governor of the Crest Girls' Academy in Brent, West London.

Research Councils UK
Research Councils UK, sometimes known as RCUK, was a non-departmental public body that coordinated science policy in the United Kingdom from 2002 to 2018. It was an umbrella organisation that coordinated the seven separate research councils that were responsible for funding and coordinating academic research for the arts, humanities, science and engineering. In 2018 Research Councils transitioned into UK Research and Innovation (UKRI).
Oued Naanaa
Oued Naanaa is a small town and rural commune in Settat Province of the Casablanca-Settat region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 7126 people living in 1158 households. It is mainly owned by the ' El Harkati ' Family which owns the vast majority of the wealth there (Houses, Land ...)

Casablanca-Settat
Casablanca-Settat (Arabic: الدار البيضاء - سطات, romanized: ad-dār al-bayḍāʾ - siṭṭāt) is one of the twelve administrative regions of Morocco. It covers an area of 20,166 km2 and is the most populous region in Morocco with a recorded population of 7,688,967 in the 2024 Moroccan census, 73.3% of which lived in urban areas. The capital of the region is Casablanca.
Andrea Gamarnik
Andrea Gamarnik (Capital Federal, Argentina, 5 October 1964) is an Argentine molecular virologist noted for her work on Dengue fever. She received a 2016 L'Oréal-UNESCO Awards for Women in Science fellowship for work on mosquito-borne viruses, including Dengue fever. She also was granted the Konex Award Merit Diploma in 2013 and the Platinum Konex Award in 2023 for her work in those last decades. She studied at the University of Buenos Aires and the University of California, San Francisco. She has done work for the Leloir Institute. She is the first female Argentine to become a member of the American Academy of Microbiology.

American Society for Microbiology
The American Society for Microbiology (ASM), originally the Society of American Bacteriologists, is a professional organization for scientists who study viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae, and protozoa as well as other aspects of microbiology. It was founded in 1899. The Society publishes a variety of scientific journals, textbooks, and other educational materials related to microbiology and infectious diseases. ASM organizes annual meetings, as well as workshops and professional development opportunities for its members.
Ramon Sealy
Anthony Ramon Sealy (born 22 April 1991) is a Caymanian sportsman who plays both football and cricket. He plays as a goalkeeper for Bodden Town and the Cayman Islands national football team, and as a right-handed batsman for the Cayman Islands national cricket team.

Cayman Islands Premier League
The Cayman Islands League is the top football league in the Cayman Islands, created in 1980. Despite being a league competition in CONCACAF since 1992, no team participated in the CFU Club Championship until the 2010 CFU Club Championship, where Elite SC entered.
Saint Anthony of Padua holding the Infant Jesus
Saint Anthony of Padua holding the Infant Jesus is a devotional painting by the Italian artist from Genoa, Bernardo Strozzi. It is stylistically dated from his middle period and was made around 1625 in his hometown. The painting was presented to the Musée des Beaux-Arts of Strasbourg, France, by the collectors Othon Kaufmann and François Schlageter in 1994. Its inventory number is 44.994.1.7.

According to the 2017 catalogue of the Italian paintings in the MBA Strasbourg, the painting has been overlooked by the most recent monographs about the painter (Luisa Mortari 1995, and Camillo Manzitti 2013), but it had been much admired and influential in the past. Ancient copies are found in the Museo Civico of Asolo, the Museo Civico of Cremona, a private collection in Rome, the church of Santa Maria Formosa in Venice, and the church of San Nicolò da Tolentino in the same city.

Christ Child
The Christ Child—also known as Baby Jesus, Infant Jesus, Child Jesus, Divine Child, Divine Infant and the Holy Child—refers to Jesus Christ during his early years. The term refers to a period of Jesus' life, described in the canonical Gospels, encompassing his nativity in Bethlehem, the visit of the Magi, and his presentation at the Temple in Jerusalem. It also includes his childhood, culminating in the event where his parents find him in the Temple at age 12, after which the Gospels remain silent about his life until the start of his ministry.
Deaths in January 2025
The following is a list of notable deaths in January 2025.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)
The Chamber of Deputies (Portuguese: Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Hugo Motta (Republicanos-PB), who was elected on 1 February 2025.
Diocese of Tehuacán
The Diocese of Tehuacán (Latin: Dioecesis Tehuacaniensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church in Mexico. It is a suffragan in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Puebla de los Angeles. The Diocese of Tehuacán was erected on 13 January 1962. Its cathedra is found within the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception of Mary in the episcopal see of Tehuacán, Puebla.

Metropolis (religious jurisdiction)
A metropolis, metropolitanate or metropolitan diocese is an episcopal see whose bishop is the metropolitan bishop or archbishop of an ecclesiastical province. Metropolises, historically, have been important cities in their provinces.
Ulrikke
Ulrikke is a feminine given name found primarily in Denmark and Norway. It is a feminine form of the masculine name Ulrik. Notable people named Ulrikke include:

Ulrikke Brandstorp (born 1995), Norwegian singer

Ulrikke Dahl (1846–1923), Norwegian writer

Ulrikke Hansen Døvigen (born 1971), Norwegian actress

Ulrikke Eikeri (born 1992), Norwegian tennis player

Ulrikke Greve (1868–1951), Norwegian textile artist in the early 20th-century

Ulrikke Høyer, Danish fashion model

Ulrikke Hansen Døvigen
Ulrikke Hansen Døvigen (born 4 February 1971) is a Norwegian actress. Her mother is the actress Kjersti Døvigen, and her father was the jazz musician Ole Jacob Hansen, who died when Ulrikke was 27. Educated in England, she has performed both at Det norske teatret ("Wendy Darling" in Peter Pan) and at Nationaltheatret (e.g. "Kaja Fossli" in Henrik Ibsen's The Master Builder). She has also had roles on television, like the series Hotel Cæsar, and in movies, most notably the comedy 37½. She has a daughter, born in 2004, from a relationship with the actor Mads Ousdal.
2011 IAFL season
The 2011 IAFL season was the 25th regular season of the Irish American Football League.

The regular season began on Sunday, March 6, at the UCD Bowl featuring 2 of the University sides in the competition. Trinity College defeated UCD 20 - 16.

Marcus Naylor, safety of the Dublin Rebels, was named MVP for the 2011 season. In Shamrock Bowl XXV, the League's championship game, played at Morton Stadium in Santry, Dublin, the Dublin Rebels defeated the UL Vikings to win their seventh Shamrock Bowl.

Shamrock Bowl
The Shamrock Bowl is the championship game of the American Football Ireland (AFI), the highest level of American football on the island of Ireland, culminating a season that begins in March of the current calendar season. The Shamrock Bowl uses Roman numerals to identify each game, similar to the Super Bowl.

The reigning champions are the Belfast Trojans, who beat UCD 27-0 at Dubarry Park to win Shamrock Bowl XXXVII.
Flyscooters
Flyscooters was an American company that marketed gas-powered motor scooters manufactured in China and Taiwan. The company was founded in 2006 in Florida by scooter enthusiasts Leon Li and Daniel Pak, and ceased operations in 2010. During the operating life of the company, Flyscooters' basic business model was to import low-cost scooters from abroad (mostly the Chinese firm Zhongneng Industry Group (Znen)) and distribute them under the Flybrand name to a network of retail scooter dealerships across the United States, providing dealers with warranty and spare parts support.

Flyscooters' main marketing focus was the Internet, although the company attended industry events and trade shows and promoted their brand through other PR initiatives .

Gates Corporation
Gates Industrial Corporation plc, based in Denver, Colorado, is a manufacturer of power transmission belts and fluid power products, which are used in diverse industrial and automotive applications. The company employs over 15,000 and has sales and manufacturing operations in North and South America, Europe, Asia, Australia, and the Middle East.