hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Liquiñe
Liquiñe is a town in Liquiñe Valley, in Panguipulli commune, Valdivia Province, Chile. The area around the village is home to South America's densest collection of hot springs. There are literally hundred of sites where geothermal waters flow up out of the earth. The water emerges from the ground at roughly 176°F (80°C). Therefore, the water must be cooled before being fed into pools for bathing.

The Liquiñe Hot Springs feature geothermally-heated mineral water. Geologically the town is crossed by the north-south Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault.

The road to Carirriñe Pass goes through Liquiñe, allowing transit to and from Junín de los Andes in Argentina. However, this mountain pass is only open during the summer months of January and February.

Valdivia Province
Valdivia Province (Spanish: Provincia de Valdivia; pronounced [balˈdiβja]) is one of two provinces of the southern Chilean region of Los Ríos (XIV). The provincial capital is Valdivia. Located in the province are two important rivers, the Calle-Calle / Valdivia River and the Cruces River. It is part of Northern Patagonia and its wild virgin forest embrace the Patagonian Cordillera following the river Calle Calle down to the Pacific Ocean. It is known in Patagonia by the term "Bosque Valdiviano", referring to the primitive forest of Valdivia with its native trees. These forests are present in some parts of Northern Patagonia, both in Chile and Argentina.
Secretary of State (ancien régime)
Secretary of State was the name of several official governmental positions – supervising war, foreign affairs, the navy, the king's household, the clergy, Paris, and Protestant affairs – in the Kingdom of France during the Ancien Régime, roughly equivalent to the positions of government ministers today.  The positions were created in 1547, but they gained in importance only after 1588. The various secretaries of state were considered part of the Great Officers of the Crown of France.

Maison du Roi
The Maison du Roi (French pronunciation: [mɛzɔ̃ dy ʁwa], 'King's Household') was the royal household of the King of France. It comprised the military, domestic, and religious entourage of the French royal family during the Ancien Régime and Bourbon Restoration.
Geinitzinidae
Geinitzinidae is an extinct family of Foraminifera from the late Paleozoic (U Dev. – U Perm) included in the Fusulinida that comprises genera characterized by unserial tests (chambers arranged in a single row, or line, in which walls are double layered. The outer layer is of light colored hyaline (glassy) radial calcite. The inner layer is a dark, secreted, microgranular calcite.

Test (biology)
In biology, a test is the hard shell of some spherical aquatic animals and protists, notably sea urchins and microorganisms such as testate foraminiferans, radiolarians, and testate amoebae. The term is also applied to the covering of scale insects. The related Latin term testa is used for the outer layer of the hard seed coat of plant seeds.
Cochlicopa
Cochlicopa, whose species are known as pillar snails, is a genus of small air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the family Cochlicopidae.

This genus is prevalent in the Northern Hemisphere across the United States, Mexico and Europe. These snails feed mostly on plant matter, detritus and fungi.

Detritus
In biology, detritus (/dəˈtraɪtəs/ or /ˈdɛtrɪtəs/) is organic matter made up of the decomposing remains of organisms and plants, and also of feces. Detritus usually hosts communities of microorganisms that colonize and decompose (remineralise) it. Such microorganisms may be decomposers, detritivores, or coprophages.

In terrestrial ecosystems detritus is present as plant litter and other organic matter that is intermixed with soil, known as soil organic matter. The detritus of aquatic ecosystems is organic substances suspended in the water and accumulated in depositions on the floor of the body of water; when this floor is a seabed, such a deposition is called marine snow.
Royal Bhutan Police
The Royal Bhutan Police (Dzongkha: རྒྱལ་གཞུང་འབྲུག་གི་འགག་སྡེ་; gyal-zhung druk-ki gaag-de) is the national police force of the Kingdom of Bhutan. It is responsible for maintaining law and order and prevention of crime in Bhutan. It was formed on 1 September 1965 with 555 personnel reassigned from the Royal Bhutan Army. It was then called the "Bhutan Frontier Guards". Its independent statutory basis was first codified with the Royal Bhutan Police Act of 1980. This framework was repealed and replaced in its entirety by the Royal Bhutan Police Act of 2009.

Chief of police
A chief of police (COP) is an appointed official or an elected one in the chain of command of a police department, particularly in North America. A chief of police may also be known as a police chief or sometimes just a chief, while some countries favour other titles such as commissioner or chief constable. A police chief is appointed by and answerable to a state or local government.
Paratemelia
Paratemelia is a genus of gelechioid moths. In the systematic layout used here, it is placed in the subfamily Amphisbatinae of the concealer moth family (Oecophoridae). Delimitation of Amphisbatinae versus the close relatives Depressariinae and Oecophorinae is a major problem of Gelechioidea taxonomy and systematics, and some authors separate the former two as full-blown families, and/or include the Amphisbatinae in Depressariinae (or Depressariidae), or merge them in the Oecophorinae outright.

Oecophoridae
Oecophoridae (concealer moths) is a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The phylogeny and systematics of gelechoid moths are still not fully resolved, and the circumscription of the Oecophoridae is strongly affected by this.
Chocolate Mountains
The Chocolate Mountains of California are located in Imperial and Riverside counties in the Colorado Desert of Southern California. The mountains stretch more than 60 miles (100 km) in a northwest to southeast direction, and are located east of the Salton Sea and south and west of the Chuckwalla Mountains and the Colorado River. To the northwest lie the Orocopia Mountains.

Colorado Desert
The Colorado Desert is a part of the larger Sonoran Desert located in California, United States, and Baja California, Mexico. It encompasses approximately 7 million acres (2,800,000 ha; 28,000 km2), including the heavily irrigated Coachella, Imperial and Mexicali valleys. It is home to many unique flora and fauna.
Alexander Adie
Alexander James Adie FRSE MWS (7 November 1775, Edinburgh – 4 December 1858, Edinburgh) was a Scottish maker of medical instruments, optician and meteorologist. He was the inventor of the sympiesometer, patented in 1818.

Wernerian Natural History Society
The Wernerian Natural History Society (12 January 1808 – 16 April 1858), commonly abbreviated as the Wernerian Society, was a learned society interested in the broad field of natural history, and saw papers presented on various topics such as mineralogy, plants, insects, and scholarly expeditions. The Society was an offshoot of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, and from its beginnings it was a rather elite organization.

The Society was named after Abraham Gottlob Werner, a German geologist who was a creator of Neptunism, a theory of superposition based on a receding primordial ocean that had deposited all the rocks in the crust. At this time all rocks, including basalt, and crystalline substances were thought by some to be precipitated from solution.
Tashiro Furukawa
Tashiro Furukawa (古河太四郎, Furukawa Tashirō; March 27, 1845 – December 26, 1907) was a Japanese educator. He was a pioneer of education for visual and hearing-impaired people in modern Japan, and has been called "the De l'Épée and Gallaudet of Japan". He initially taught at the Taiken Primary School in Kyoto and began teaching deaf students there in 1873. His teaching methods were published in a governmental publication several years later. He founded the Kyoto Moain (later Kyoto Prefectural School for the Blind and Kyoto Prefectural School for the Deaf) in 1878, and developed the origins of Japanese Sign Language.

Furukawa was featured in a Google Doodle on March 26, 2015.

Deafblindness
Deafblindness is a condition of little or no useful hearing and little or no useful sight. Different degrees of vision loss and auditory loss occur within each individual. Because of this, deafblind people require varied management plans in order to improve their outcomes in areas such as communication, education, work, and general life satisfaction.

According to the Nordic Leadership Forum on Deafblindness, it is a distinct disability, as the impairment of one organ makes it difficult to compensate for the impairment of the other.

The deafblind community has its own culture, comparable to those of the Deaf community. Some deafblind individuals view their condition as a part of their identity.
Tootill
Tootill is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alf Tootill (footballer, born 1908) (1908–1975), English football goalkeeper

Alf Tootill (footballer, born 1913) (1913–1984), English football defender

David Tootill (born 1986), English rugby player

Geoff Tootill (1922–2017), English electronic engineer and computer scientist

Robert Tootill (1850–1934), British politician

Alf Tootill (footballer, born 1908)
Alf Tootill (12 November 1908 – 31 August 1975) was an English footballer who played as a goalkeeper. During his career he played for Accrington Stanley, Wolverhampton Wanderers, Fulham and Crystal Palace. His career at Crystal Palace was interrupted by the Second World War.

Tootill retired from football in 1944 at the age of 36, although he did make a guest appearance for Ipswich Town during the 1945–46 season. He died in 1975, aged 66.
Zabajka
Zabajka [zaˈbai̯ka] is a village which was until 31 December 2019 in the administrative district of Gmina Głogów Małopolski, within Rzeszów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. From 1 January 2020 it became part of the town of Głogów Małopolski. It lies approximately 3 kilometres (2 mi) south-west of Głogów Małopolski and 14 km (9 mi) north of the regional capital Rzeszów.

Gmina Głogów Małopolski
Gmina Głogów Małopolski is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Rzeszów County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland. Its seat is the town of Głogów Małopolski, which lies approximately 16 kilometres (10 mi) north of the regional capital Rzeszów.

The gmina covers an area of 145.76 square kilometres (56.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 18,185 (out of which the population of Głogów Małopolski amounts to 5,123, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 13,062).
Charnay-lès-Mâcon
Charnay-lès-Mâcon (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁnɛ lɛ makɔ̃], literally Charnay near Mâcon; Arpitan: Chârnê) is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France.

Lès
The word lès (French pronunciation: [lɛ] ⓘ, and [lɛz‿] with liaison) is an archaic French preposition meaning "near", "nearby", or "next to". Today it occurs only in place names to distinguish places with the same name.

The word lès has two variants: lez and les. The latter should not be confused with the plural definite article les (e.g. les-Bains, "the Baths").
Hari Sharma
Hari Sharma (1910–1987) was an Indian career civil servant who formerly served as  Member of Union Public Service Commission and Secretary to Government of India (UT) in Ministry of Home Affairs during the terms of Home Ministers Gulzarilal Nanda, Indira Gandhi and Yashwantrao Chavan.

He was a member of Imperial Secretariat Service and later Central Secretariat Service officer.

Yashwantrao Chavan
Yashwantrao Balwantrao Chavan (Marathi pronunciation: [jəʃʋənt̪ɾaːʋ t͡səʋʱaːɳ]; 12 March 1913 – 25 November 1984) was an Indian independence activist and politician who served as 5th Deputy Prime Minister of India in the short-lived Charan Singh ministry in 1979.  He served as the last Chief Minister of Bombay State and the first of Maharashtra after the latter was created by the division of Bombay State. His also held significant ministerial post was as the 8th Minister of Finance from 1970 to 1971 and from 1971 to 1974.

He was a strong Congress leader, co-operative leader, social activist and writer. He was popularly known as Leader of Common People. He advocated social democracy in his speeches and articles and was instrumental in establishing co-operatives in Maharashtra for the betterment of the farmers.
Uthama Puthiran (1940 film)
Utthama Puthiran is the 1940 Tamil language film directed by T. R. Sundaram. P. U. Chinnappa, M. V. Rajamma, T. S. Balaiah played the lead roles. It was the first Tamil film in which the leading actor P. U. Chinnappa played a double role.

The Man in the Iron Mask (1939 film)
The Man in the Iron Mask is a 1939 American historical adventure film very loosely adapted from the last section of the 1847–1850 novel The Vicomte de Bragelonne by Alexandre Dumas, père, which is itself based on the French legend of the Man in the Iron Mask.

The film was directed by James Whale and stars Louis Hayward as royal twins, Joan Bennett as Princess Maria Theresa, Warren William as d'Artagnan, and Joseph Schildkraut as Nicolas Fouquet. British actor Peter Cushing made his screen debut in a minor part.

During the 12th Academy Awards for films from 1939, the film was nominated for Best Music (Original Score) for Lud Gluskin and Lucien Moraweck. The award, however, went to Herbert Stothart for The Wizard of Oz.
Index of a Lie algebra
In algebra, let g be a Lie algebra over a field K. Let further  be a one-form on g. The stabilizer gξ of ξ is the Lie subalgebra of elements of g that annihilate ξ in the coadjoint representation. The index of the Lie algebra is

One-form
In differential geometry, a one-form (or covector field) on a differentiable manifold is a differential form of degree one, that is, a smooth section of the cotangent bundle. Equivalently, a one-form on a manifold  is a smooth mapping of the total space of the tangent bundle of  to  whose restriction to each fibre is a linear functional on the tangent space. Let  be an open subset of  and . Then

defines a one-form .  is a covector.

Often one-forms are described locally, particularly in local coordinates.  In a local coordinate system, a one-form is a linear combination of the differentials of the coordinates:

where the  are smooth functions. From this perspective, a one-form has a covariant transformation law on passing from one coordinate system to another.  Thus a one-form is an order 1 covariant tensor field.
Garryoceras
Garryoceras is an extinct genus, probably from the actively mobile carnivorous cephalopod order Orthocerida, that lived in what would be North America during the Late Ordovician, from 460.5—443.7 mya, existing for approximately 16.8 million years.

Orthocerida
Orthocerida, from Ancient Greek ὀρθός (orthós), meaning "straight", and κέρας (kéras), meaning "horn", also known as the Michelinocerida, is an order of extinct orthoceratoid cephalopods that lived from the Early Ordovician (490 million years ago) possibly to the Late Triassic (240 million years ago). The Eocene fossil Antarcticeras is sometimes considered a descendant of the orthocerids although this is disputed. They were most common however from the Ordovician to the Devonian.

A fossil found in the Caucasus was previously assigned to Orthocerida, extending the range to the Early Cretaceous, but has since been reassigned to the order Mixosiphonata.
Medieval Christian views on Muhammad
In contrast to the views of Muhammad in Islam, the Christian views on him have been highly negative, especially during the Middle Ages. Since the early medieval period onwards, Christendom largely viewed Islam as a Christian heresy and Muhammad as a false prophet.

Inferno (Dante)
Inferno (Italian: [iɱˈfɛrno]; Italian for 'Hell') is the first part of the Italian writer Dante Alighieri's 14th-century narrative poem The Divine Comedy, followed by Purgatorio and Paradiso. The Inferno describes the journey of a fictionalised version of Dante himself through Hell, guided by the ancient Roman poet Virgil. In the poem, Hell is depicted as nine concentric circles of torment located within the Earth; it is the "realm [...] of those who have rejected spiritual values by yielding to bestial appetites or violence, or by perverting their human intellect to fraud or malice against their fellowmen". As an allegory, the Divine Comedy represents the journey of the soul toward God, with the Inferno describing the recognition and rejection of sin.
Building at 923–925 Michigan Avenue
The Building at 923–925 Michigan Avenue is a historic apartment building in Evanston, Illinois. The three-story brick building was built in 1916. Architect Robert De Golyer, the architect for several other apartment buildings in Evanston and Chicago, designed the building, moving in once it was complete. The building features bow windows, pilasters and a fanlight around the entrance, and a dentillated cornice. Each of the building's six apartments included living rooms with fireplaces, sun porches, maids' rooms, vacuum systems, and access to heated garages.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 15, 1984.

Fanlight
A fanlight is a form of lunette window (transom window), often semicircular or semi-elliptical in shape, with glazing bars or tracery sets radiating out like an open fan. It is placed over another window or a doorway, and is sometimes hinged to a transom. The bars in the fixed glazed window spread out in the manner of a sunburst. It is also called a sunburst light. In federation housing it is also called a toplight or top light.
Nahrain (horse)
Nahrain (foaled 29 January 2008) is a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. Unraced as a two-year-old she won her first four races in 2011 including the Coral Distaff and the Prix de l'Opéra before finishind second in the Breeders' Cup Filly & Mare Turf. She struggled to find her form in the early part of the 2012 season but returned to her best to take the Flower Bowl Stakes. She made an immediate impact as a broodmare, with her first foal being Benbatl.

Flower Bowl Stakes
The Flower Bowl Stakes is a Grade II American thoroughbred horse race for fillies and mares aged four years old and older over a distance of 1+3⁄8 miles on the turf held annually in early September at Saratoga Race Course in Saratoga Springs, New York.
Jan Schulz
Jan Schulz (May 1899 – May 1953) was a Czech chess master.

He took 2nd, behind Karel Opočenský, at Belun 1916; won at Prague 1920, tied for 6-8th at Prague 1921 (Karel Hromádka and František Treybal won), tied for 5-7th at Brno 1921 (Hromádka, Karel Treybal and Ladislav Prokeš won), and won at Prague 1924 (1st Kautsky Memorial).

Schulz played for Czechoslovakia in 1st unofficial Chess Olympiad in Paris in 1924, and won the team gold medal there. He also played in the 2nd Chess Olympiad at The Hague 1928.

He tied for 3rd-5th at Bratislava 1925 (Richard Réti won), took 6th at Bardejov 1926 (Hermanis Matisons and Savielly Tartakower won), took 5th at Trencianske Teplice (Karl Gilg and Boris Kostić won), shared 1st with Karel Skalička and Prokop at Prague 1926 (3rd Kautsky Memorial), tied for 5-8th at Prague 1927 (Hromádka won), took 2nd, behind Opočensky, at Brno 1929, and tied for 5-6th at Mnichovo Hradiště (Efim Bogoljubow won).

2nd Chess Olympiad
The 2nd Chess Olympiad (Dutch: De 2e Schaakolympiade), organized by the Fédération Internationale des Échecs (FIDE) and comprising an open and women's tournament, as well as several events designed to promote the game of chess, took place between July 21 and August 6, 1928, in The Hague, Netherlands. Venue was the Ridderzaal, part of the Binnenhof, where the dutch parliament resides.
Viktor Nagy
Viktor Nagy (born 24 July 1984) is a Hungarian water polo goalkeeper. He took up the sport at the age of 10 at the Szolnoki Dózsa in Budapest, and made his first appearance for the Hungarian national team in 2006. He won the world title in 2013 and competed at the 2012, 2016,  and 2020 Summer Olympics

He is currently the assistant water polo coach at Santa Clara University.

Water polo at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's tournament of water polo at the 2012 Summer Olympics at London, Great Britain, began on 29 July and lasted until 12 August 2012. All games were held at the Water Polo Arena.

Teams from twelve nations competed in the tournament and were seeded into two groups for the preliminary round. A total of 42 games were played, 30 of them in the preliminary round.
Stein Eriksen
Stein Eriksen (11 December 1927 – 27 December 2015) was an alpine ski racer and Olympic gold medalist from Norway. Following his racing career, he was a ski school director and ambassador at various resorts in the United States.

Ski resort
A ski resort is a resort developed for skiing, snowboarding, and other winter sports. In Europe, most ski resorts are towns or villages in or adjacent to a ski area–a mountainous area with pistes (ski trails) and a ski lift system. In North America, it is more common for ski areas to exist well away from towns, so ski resorts usually are destination resorts, often purpose-built and self-contained, where skiing is the main activity.
The Belko Experiment
The Belko Experiment is a 2017 American action horror film directed by Greg McLean and written by James Gunn, who also produced the film with Peter Safran. It stars John Gallagher Jr., Tony Goldwyn, Adria Arjona, John C. McGinley, Melonie Diaz, Josh Brener, and Michael Rooker. The film follows 80 foreigners (mainly Americans) working abroad for a company named Belko Industries in Bogotá, Colombia. One day, after they arrive at work, they are locked inside the building, and a mysterious voice announces that if the employees do not start killing each other, they will be killed themselves.

Filming began on June 1, 2015, in Bogotá, Colombia, and concluded the following month. The film premiered at the TIFF on September 10, 2016, and was released in the USA on March 17, 2017, by Blumhouse Tilt and Orion Pictures. The film received mixed reviews from critics and has grossed $11 million worldwide against its $5 million budget.

John C. McGinley
John Christopher McGinley (born August 3, 1959) is an American actor. He plays Perry Cox in Scrubs, Bob Slydell in Office Space, Captain Hendrix in The Rock, Sergeant Red O'Neill in Oliver Stone's Platoon, Marv in Stone's Wall Street, FBI agent Ben Harp in Point Break, and the serial killer Edgler Foreman Vess in the TV miniseries of Intensity.
IBM 1443
The IBM 1443 Printer (sometimes referred to as the 1443 Flying Type Bar Printer) was a computer line printer used in the punched card era. It was offered in three models: Models 1, 2 and N1; the last two could print up to 240 lines per minute (LPM) with a full character set.

The 1443 was initially introduced October 11, 1962 for use with the IBM 1440 system and withdrawn February 8, 1971.
The printer could also be used on the
IBM 1620 (announced 1963),
IBM 1710,
IBM 1800
and System/360.

Decades later IBM recycled the 1443 model number to refer to a different product.

IBM 1710
The IBM 1710 was a process control system that IBM introduced in March 1961. It used either a 1620 I or a 1620 II Computer and specialized I/O devices (e.g., IBM 1711 analog-to-digital converter and digital-to-analog converter, IBM 1712 discrete I/O and analog multiplexer, factory floor operator control panels).

The IBM 1620 used in the 1710 system was modified in several ways, the most obvious was the addition of a very primitive hardware interrupt mechanism.

The 1710 was used by paper mills, oil refineries and electric companies.