hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John II, Count of Waldeck-Landau
Count John II of Waldeck-Landau (7 November 1623 – 10 October 1668), German: Johann II. Graf von Waldeck-Landau, official titles: Graf zu Waldeck und Pyrmont, Herr zu Tonna, was since 1638 Count of Waldeck-Landau. He served in the Swedish Army.

Landgrave
Landgrave (German: Landgraf, Dutch: landgraaf, Swedish: lantgreve, French: landgrave; Latin: comes magnus, comes patriae, comes provinciae, comes terrae, comes principalis, lantgravius) was a rank of nobility used in the Holy Roman Empire, and its former territories. The German titles of Landgraf, Markgraf ("margrave"), and Pfalzgraf ("count palatine") are of roughly equal rank, subordinate to Herzog ("duke"), and superior to Graf ("count").
Albert Heer
Albert R. Heer (January 28, 1891 – 1972) was a building contractor and politician in Ontario, Canada. He served as mayor of Waterloo from 1944 to 1946.

Heer was born in Petersburg, Ontario and was educated in Woolwich and in Waterloo. He first worked as a carpenter and set up a contracting business when he moved to Waterloo. Heer served in the army during World War I. He was a member of Waterloo council from 1931 to 1938, ran unsuccessfully for mayor in 1939 and then served on Waterloo council from 1941 to 1943 and again from 1949 to 1950. When he was elected mayor, Heer sold his business to focus on his job as mayor.

During his time on council, Heer strongly opposed the introduction of Daylight Saving Time.

Daylight saving time
Daylight saving time (DST), also referred to as daylight savings time, daylight time (United States and Canada), or summer time (United Kingdom, European Union, and others), is the practice of advancing clocks to make better use of the longer daylight available during summer so that darkness falls at a later clock time. The typical implementation of DST is to adjust clocks ahead of standard time by one hour in spring or late winter, and to set clocks back by one hour in the autumn (or fall in North American English, hence the mnemonic: "spring forward and fall back").

In many countries, the part of the year when DST is observed is much longer than the part aligned to standard time. The practice of DST was first tested in the early 20th century. Many countries, such as Russia and Mexico, have abandoned DST entirely.
Japan Federation of Media, Advertising, Motion Picture, and Theater Labor Unions
The Japan Federation of Media, Advertising, Motion Picture, and Theater Labor Unions (Japanese: メディア・広告・映画演劇労働組合連合会, MEDIA ROREN) is a trade union representing workers in the media, advertising and entertainment industries in Japan.

The union was founded in October 2017, with the merger of the Federation of All-NHK Labour Unions, and the National Cinema and Theater Workers' Union.  Like both its predecessors, it affiliated to the Japanese Trade Union Confederation.  By 2020, it had 9,577 members.

RENGO
The Japanese Trade Union Confederation (日本労働組合総連合会, Nihon Rōdōkumiai Sōrengōkai; abbreviated JTUC), commonly known as RENGO (連合, Rengō; lit. 'union'), is the largest national trade union center in Japan, with over six million members as of 2011. It was founded in 1989 as a result of the merger of the Japan Confederation of Labor (Dōmei), the Federation of Independent Unions (Chūritsu Rōren) and the National Federation Of Industrial Organisations (Shinsanbetsu). In 1990, the General Council of Trade Unions of Japan (Sohyo) also joined RENGO.

As of July 2012, RENGO has 54 affiliate unions and 47 local organizations.
Sand Creek (Denver, Colorado)
Sand Creek is a 14.6-mile-long (23.5 km) tributary that flows into the South Platte River near Commerce City, Colorado.  From its source in unincorporated Arapahoe County, it flows through the cities of Aurora and Denver before joining the South Platte in Adams County.

It is not to be confused with Big Sandy Creek (along which the Sand Creek Massacre occurred), which is over 100 miles to the southeast.

Arapahoe County, Colorado
Arapahoe County (/əˈræpəhoʊ/ ə-RAP-ə-hoh) is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, its population was 655,070, making it the third-most populous county in Colorado. The county seat is Littleton, and the most populous city is Aurora. The county was named for the Arapaho Native American tribe, who once lived in the region. Arapahoe County is part of the Denver-Aurora-Lakewood metropolitan statistical area. Arapahoe County calls itself "Colorado's First County", since its origins antedate the Pike's Peak Gold Rush.
2021 Andalucía Challenger
The 2021 Andalucía Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2021 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Marbella, Spain between 29 March and 3 April 2021.

Marbella Tennis Open
The Marbella Tennis Open was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was part of the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour and WTA 125K series. The ATP event was held annually in Marbella, Spain, from 2018 until 2022, and the WTA edition was held in 2022.
Kipling Avenue
Kipling Avenue is a street in the cities of Toronto and Vaughan in Ontario, Canada. It is a concession road, 6 concessions (12 km) west from Yonge Street, and is a major north–south arterial road. It consists of three separate sections, with total combined length of 26.4 km. (16.4 mi.).

The street travels through the district of Etobicoke and serves areas such as New Toronto, Etobicoke Centre, Richview, and Rexdale, passing through residential neighbourhoods and pockets of industrial and commercial areas. The Toronto Transit Commission's 45 Kipling, 44 Kipling South, 944 Kipling South Express and 945 Kipling Express bus routes operate from Kipling Station on the Bloor-Danforth line. These surface routes provide service along the length of the road.

Film studio complex Kipling Studio located on 777 Kipling Avenue is part of Cinespace Film Studios.

Arterial road
An arterial road or arterial thoroughfare is a high-capacity urban road that sits below highways on the road hierarchy in terms of traffic flow and speed. The primary function of an arterial road is to deliver traffic from collector roads to highways or expressways, and between urban hubs at a relatively high level of service. Therefore, many arteries are limited-access roads or feature restrictions on private access. Because of their relatively high accessibility, many major roads face large amounts of land use and urban development, making them significant urban places.

In traffic engineering hierarchy, an arterial road delivers traffic between collector roads and highways. For new arterial roads, intersections are often reduced to increase traffic flow. In California, arterial roads are usually spaced every half mile, and have intersecting collector(s) and streets.
Fredrik Ohlander
Fredrik Nils Ohlander (born 11 February 1976) is a Swedish former handballer. He played as a goalkeeper

He has previously played for Danish Handball League side KIF Kolding and Spanish club FC Barcelona Handbol.

In 2001 he won the Danish Men's Handball Cup with KIF Kolding and was named MVP for the tournament.

Ohlander played 60 matches for the Swedish national handball team.

Herreligaen
The Herreligaen (men's league), formerly known as Herrehåndboldligaen (men's handball league), is the men's top Danish professional handball league. The winners of the Herreligaen are recognised as the Danish men's handball champions. The current champions are Aalborg Håndbold.
World Game (novel)
World Game is a BBC Books original novel written by Terrance Dicks and based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who. It features the Second Doctor (Patrick Troughton) and the Lady Serena and is set during "Season 6B".  It is also a partial sequel to another Dicks' Past Doctor Adventure, Players and documents the return of the Countess. The novel makes reference to the events of Sharpe's Triumph by Bernard Cornwell.

Science fiction on television
Science fiction (Sci-fi) first appeared in television programming in the late 1930s, during what is called the Golden Age of Science Fiction. Special effects and other production techniques allow creators to present a living visual image of an imaginary world not limited by the constraints of reality.
Indore Junction railway station
Indore Junction (station code: INDB) is one of the Railway junctions in Madhya Pradesh and serves Indore, the commercial capital of Central India. The railway station of Indore Junction BG (future Indore Central) falls under the administrative control of Western Railway zone of Indian Railways. It consists of six main railway platforms. The Ujjain–Indore route and Indore Junction was electrified in 2011. The Station is located 1 km away from the city centre. It is one of the ISO Certified Railway Stations of India. Currently the railway station has six platforms, where the first four platforms are situated in the main station and platforms 5 and 6 is situated 1.5 km away near Kamla Nehru Park, Indore.

Junction (rail)
A junction, in the context of rail transport, is a place at which two or more rail routes converge or diverge. The physical connection between the tracks of the two routes (assuming they are of the same gauge) is provided by turnouts (US: switches) and signalling.
Jaime Ruiz Sacristán
Jaime Ruiz Sacristán (October 27, 1949 – April 12, 2020) was a Mexican businessman and banker. He was the chairman of the Mexican Stock Exchange (BMV) from 2015 until his death in 2020. His twin brother, Carlos Ruiz Sacristán, was the Secretary of Communications and Transportation of Mexico from 1994 to 2000.

Secretariat of Infrastructure, Communications and Transportation
The Secretariat of Infrastructure, Communications and Transportation (Secretaría de Infraestructura, Comunicaciones y Transportes, SICT) of Mexico is the national federal entity that regulates commercial road traffic and broadcasting. Its headquarters are in Av. Insurgentes Centro, 1079-1099, Noche Buena, Deleg. Benito Juárez. Ciudad de México.
Anatoly Khrapaty
Anatoly Mikhaylovich Khrapaty (also Chrapaty, Russian: Анатолий Михайлович Храпатый; 20 October 1962 – 11 August 2008) was a heavyweight weightlifter, Olympic Champion, and five time World Champion who competed for the Soviet Union and Kazakhstan. Between 1984 and 1996 he won a gold and a silver Olympic medal, as well as five worlds and five European titles. He also set five world records: one in the snatch, three in the clean and jerk and one in the total.

Khrapaty retired after the 2000 Olympic Games to become a Kazakhstan national coach. He died at age 45, a few days before his flight to the 2008 Summer Olympics, when his motorcycle was hit by an oncoming vehicle.

Clean and jerk
The clean and jerk is a composite of two weightlifting movements, most often performed with a barbell: the clean and the jerk. During the clean, the lifter moves the barbell from the floor to a racked position across the deltoids, without resting fully on the clavicles. During the jerk, the lifter raises the barbell to a stationary position above the head, finishing with straight arms and legs, and the feet in the same plane as the torso and barbell.

Of the several variants of the lift, the most common is the Olympic clean and jerk, which, with the snatch, is included in Olympic weightlifting events. Clean and jerk is most commonly performed with a squat clean and a split jerk.
Aryl sulfotransferase
An aryl sulfotransferase (EC 2.8.2.1) is an enzyme that 
transfers a sulfate group from phenolic sulfate esters to a phenolic acceptor substrate.

3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate + a phenol  adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate + an aryl sulfate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 3'-phosphoadenylyl sulfate and phenol, whereas its two products are adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate and aryl sulfate.

These enzymes are transferases, specifically the sulfotransferases, which transfer sulfur-containing groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 3'-phosphoadenylyl-sulfate:phenol sulfotransferase. Other names in common use include phenol sulfotransferase, sulfokinase, 1-naphthol phenol sulfotransferase, 2-naphtholsulfotransferase, 4-nitrocatechol sulfokinase, arylsulfotransferase, dopamine sulfotransferase, p-nitrophenol sulfotransferase, phenol sulfokinase, ritodrine sulfotransferase, and PST.  This enzyme participates in sulfur metabolism.

Sulfate
The sulfate or sulphate ion is a polyatomic anion with the empirical formula SO42−. Salts, acid derivatives, and peroxides of sulfate are widely used in industry. Sulfates occur widely in everyday life. Sulfates are salts of sulfuric acid and many are prepared from that acid.
2018 Quidditch Premier League season
The 2018 Quidditch Premier League season was the league's second, and was contested by ten teams over the course of the summer of 2018. The ten teams were split into two divisions, with the North Division composed of the Northern Watch, Yorkshire Roses, East Midlands Archers, West Midlands Revolution, and the debuting Scottish Thistles, and the South Division composed of the London Monarchs, Southeast Knights, Southwest Broadside, Eastern Mermaids, and the debuting Welsh Dragons.

During the regular season, each division held three 'fixtures', which saw each team in that division attend and participate in round robin games. In total, teams played 12 games each during the regular season, with a total of 60 games played in total. Based on the results of those fixtures, the teams were seeded for the 2018 Quidditch Premier League Championship, which all ten qualified for. The championship was decided with a knockout bracket format

Quidditch Premier League
The Quidditch Premier League (QPL) was an elite quidditch league that represents the sport in the United Kingdom, France, Belgium, The Netherlands, and Germany. The league was composed of seventeen teams - four in each of the UK North Division, the UK Central Division, and the UK South Division, and five in the European Division. The QPL season ran from June to August every year, with each team playing three divisional fixtures in the regular season. The playoffs included all seventeen teams competing in either Division 1 or Division 2 the QPL Championship fixture in late August, with the winning team being named as the QPL Champions for that season.
Satigsun Island
Satigsun Island is an uninhabited island in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada. It is located in Davis Strait, southeast of Baffin Island's Cumberland Peninsula and north of Auyuittuq National Park Reserve. Other islands in the immediate vicinity include Rock Island, Nudlung Island, Kekertaluk Island, Nedlukseak Island, and Pilektuak Island.

Davis Strait
Davis Strait (Danish: Davisstrædet; Inuktitut: ᕿᑭᖅᑖᓘᑉ ᐃᑭᖓ Qikiqtaaluup Ikinga) is a southern arm of the Arctic Ocean that lies north of the Labrador Sea. It lies between mid-western Greenland and Baffin Island in Nunavut, Canada. To the north is Baffin Bay. The strait was named for English explorer John Davis (1550–1605), who sailed the area while seeking a route through the Northwest Passage, and by the 1650s it was used for whale hunting.
Royal Windsor Triathlon
The Royal Windsor Triathlon is an annual Triathlon event held in Windsor, Berkshire, England. First organised in 1991, it is considered one of the United Kingdom's longest-running triathlons. The event takes place each June and features sprint and Olympic triathlon races.

The triathlon includes an out-and-back swim in the River Thames, an open-road cycling route passing Windsor Castle, and a multi-lap run through Windsor Great Park and along the Long Walk.

The event has attracted elite triathletes and amateur participants alike, typically drawing around 3,000–3,500 competitors. It has also hosted notable figures from other sports, including Jonny Wilkinson, Tanni Grey-Thompson, Gareth Thomas, and Jenson Button, as well as Princess Beatrice of York.

Previously organised by Human Race (now A.S.O UK), the Royal Windsor Triathlon has been delivered by RunThrough since 2025, following a management transition and a new partnership with Japanese performance Sportswear brand Descente.

Descente
Descente Ltd. (株式会社デサント, Kabushiki-gaisha Desanto) is a Japanese sports clothing and accessories company, first formed in 1935, when Takeo Ishimoto started the company in Osaka as Ishimoto Shoten. The company logo depicts 3 basic skiing techniques—traverse, schuss and side-slip. Descente owns a portfolio of 16 in-house, purchased and licensed brands, among them Descente, Shiseist, Arena (in primarily Japan and the East Asia), Marmot and Srixon.
Koranit
Koranit (Hebrew: קוֹרָנִית, lit. Thyme) is a community settlement in northern Israel. Located in the Galilee on Mount Shekhanya, it falls under the jurisdiction of Misgav Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 883.

Thyme
Thyme (/taɪm/) is a culinary herb consisting of the dried aerial parts of some members of the genus Thymus of flowering plants in the mint family Lamiaceae. Thymes are native to Eurasia and north Africa. Thymes have culinary, medicinal, and ornamental uses. The species most commonly cultivated and used for culinary purposes is Thymus vulgaris, native to Southeast Europe.
WKPL (FM)
WKPL (92.1 FM) is a radio station licensed to Ellwood City, Pennsylvania, simulcasting the classic hits programming of WPKL in Uniontown, Pennsylvania, branded as "The Pickle". Both stations are owned by Forever Media.

Ellwood City, Pennsylvania
Ellwood City is a borough primarily in Lawrence County, Pennsylvania, United States. With a small district extending into Beaver County, it lies along the Connoquenessing Creek just east of its confluence with the Beaver River. The population was 7,642 at the 2020 census. Ellwood City lies 30 miles (48 km) northwest of Pittsburgh and 8 miles (13 km) southeast of New Castle within the Pittsburgh metropolitan area.
Billabong
In Australian English, a billabong (/ˈbɪləbɒŋ/ BIL-ə-bong) is a small body of water, usually permanent. It is usually an oxbow lake caused by a change in course of a river or creek, but other types of small lakes, ponds or waterholes are also called billabongs. The term is likely borrowed from Wiradjuri, an Aboriginal Australian language of New South Wales.

Wiradjuri
The Wiradjuri people (Wiradjuri northern dialect pronunciation [wiraːjd̪uːraj]; Wiradjuri southern dialect pronunciation [wiraːjɟuːraj]) are a group of Aboriginal Australian people from central New South Wales, united by common descent through kinship and shared traditions. They survived as skilled hunter-fisher-gatherers, in family groups or clans, and many still use knowledge of hunting and gathering techniques as part of their customary life.

In the 21st century, major Wiradjuri groups live in Condobolin, Peak Hill, Narrandera and Griffith. There are significant populations at Wagga Wagga and Leeton and smaller groups at West Wyalong, Parkes, Dubbo, Forbes, Cootamundra, Darlington Point, Cowra and Young.
Megaw
Megaw is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eric Megaw (1908 – 1956) Irish Engineer

Helen Megaw (1907–2002), Irish crystallographer

John Megaw (1909–1997), British judge and rugby union player

Peter Megaw (1910–2006), Irish architectural historian and archaeologist

Robert Megaw (1869–1947), Northern Irish barrister and politician

Vincent Megaw (born 1934), Australian archaeologist, also his wife Ruth Megaw

Eric Megaw
Eric Christopher Stanley Megaw MBE (1908 – 25 January 1956)  was an Irish (Belfast-educated) engineer who refined the power of the cavity magnetron for radar purposes (detection of U-boats) in the Second World War. He was appointed an MBE in 1943.
Ardıçtepe, Bingöl
Ardıçtepe (Kurdish: Nehman) is a village in the Bingöl District, Bingöl Province, Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds and had a population of 146 in 2021.

The hamlets of Kılıçkent and Numan are attached to the village.

Bingöl Province
Bingöl Province (Turkish: Bingöl ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Çewlîg; Zazaki: Wîlayetî Çewlîg; Armenian: Ճապաղջուր զավառ) is a province of Turkey. The province was known as Çapakçur Province (Armenian: Ճապաղջուր, lit. 'spread out water') before 1945 when it was renamed as Bingöl Province. Its area is 8,003 km2, and its population is 282,556 (2022). The province encompasses 11 municipalities, 325 villages and 693 hamlets.

The town of Genç was the scene of origin for the Sheikh Said rebellion in 1925 and most of the region was captured by the rebels during the rebellion.

As the current Governor of the province, Ahmet Hamdi Usta was appointed by the president in August 2023.
Serial Copy Management System
The Serial Copy Management System (SCMS) is a copy protection scheme that was created in response to the digital audio tape (DAT) invention, in order to prevent DAT recorders from making second-generation or serial copies.  SCMS sets a "copy" bit in all copies, which prevents anyone from making further copies of those first copies.  It does not, however, limit the number of first-generation copies made from a master.

SCMS was also included in consumer CD-R, MiniDisc and Digital Compact Cassette (DCC) players and recorders.  With the demise of these formats, SCMS is not in widespread use.  However, the concept of SCMS was resurrected in the broadcast flag, a measure formerly mandated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to limit the copying of digital TV signals. SCMS flags are also included in the MP3 specifications, though no known decoder or player honors them. Personal Computers were not required to include SCMS in the US.

Copy protection
Copy protection, also known as content protection, copy prevention and copy restriction, is any measure to enforce copyright by preventing the reproduction of software, films, music, and other media.

Copy protection is most commonly found on videotapes, DVDs, Blu-ray discs, HD-DVDs, computer software discs, video game discs and cartridges, audio CDs and some VCDs. It also may be incorporated into digitally distributed versions of media and software.

Some methods of copy protection have also led to criticism because it caused inconvenience for paying consumers or secretly installed additional or unwanted software to detect copying activities on the consumer's computer.
Faye S. Taxman
Faye S. Taxman (born 1955) is an American scholar who is a University Professor at George Mason University (2008–present) in Fairfax, Virginia, United States and the Founding Director of the Center for Advancing Correctional Excellence (ACE!) at George Mason University. Her work is widely known for its influence on the redesign of aspects of the behavioral corrections system, specifically pertaining to the reduction of recidivism and mechanisms to achieve this such as offender rehabilitation, as showcased in her books Tools of the Trade: A Guide to Incorporating Science into Practice (National Institute of Justice, 2004) and Implementing Evidence-Based Practices in Community Corrections and Addiction Treatment (Springer, 2012). She has also been an Affiliate Professor with the College of Medicine at Howard University (Washington, D.C.) since 2012 and with Griffith University in Brisbane, Australia since 2013.

Incentive
Incentives are anything that persuade a person or organization to alter their behavior to produce a desired outcome. Incentives are widely studied in personnel economics, where researchers and human resource managers examine how firms use pay, career opportunities, performance evaluation, and other mechanisms to motivate employees and improve organizational outcomes. Higher incentives are often associated with greater levels of effort and higher levels of performance. In comparison, disincentives discourage certain actions.

Incentives encourage specific behaviors or actions by persons and organizations, and are commonly employed by governments, businesses, and other organizations. Incentives may generally divided into two categories: intrinsic and extrinsic. Incentives, however, can also produce unintended outcomes, relating to the overjustification effect, principal–agent problem, moral hazard, free-riding, or adverse selection.