hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
White Knight (film)
White Knight is an Indian documentary film directed by Aarti Shrivastava. The subject is Chewang Norphel, a 78-year-old engineer in Leh, Ladakh, who, over the last 15 years, has invented and implemented a technology that is helping provide a solution to an ecological disaster created by climate change.

The film documents how Ladakh is grappling with an alarming water scarcity situation. In this high altitude desert where the melting of glaciers has been the traditional source of fresh water, a warmer planet is playing havoc with lifestyles and the ecology. With glaciers melting faster, fresh water is precious. Norphel's solution uses common sense and elementary observational science to create artificial glaciers.

Glacier growing
Glacier growing, artificial glaciation or glacier grafting, is a practice carried out in the Hindu Kush and Himalaya regions aimed at creating small new glaciers to increase water supply for crops and in some cases to sustain micro hydro power. In order to encourage the growth of a glacier, local farmers acquire ice from naturally occurring glaciers, and carry it to high altitude areas where the ice is put inside a small cave dug out in a scree-slope. Along with the ice other ingredients such as water, salt, sawdust, wheat husks and charcoal are also placed at the site. The use of glacier grafting is an old skill of the mountain farmers of Baltistan and Gilgit, where it is used for irrigation purposes since at least the 19th century. This technique was described by Lieutenant David Lockhart Robertson Lorimer (1876–1962) in the 1920s. Allegedly glacier grafting also has been used to block mountain passes.
Cycling at the 2012 Summer Paralympics – Men's individual pursuit B
The Men's Individual Pursuit B track cycling event at the 2012 Summer Paralympics took place on 30 August at London Velopark. This class was for blind and visually impaired cyclists riding with a sighted pilot. Eight pairs from six different nations competed.

The competition began with four head to head races between the eight riders. These races were held over a 4000m course and each rider was given a time for their race. The fastest two riders were advanced to the gold medal final whilst the third and fourth fastest times raced it out for the bronze.

Lee Valley VeloPark
Lee Valley VeloPark is a cycling centre in Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park in Stratford, London, England. It is owned and managed by Lee Valley Regional Park Authority, and it was opened to the public in March 2014. The facility was one of the permanent venues for the 2012 Olympic and Paralympic Games.

Lee Valley VeloPark is at the northern end of Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park. It has an indoor velodrome and a BMX racing track, which have been used for the Games, as well as a one-mile (1.6 km) road course and 5 miles (8 km) of mountain bike trails. The park replaces the Eastway Cycle Circuit demolished to make way for it. The facilities built for the Olympics were constructed between 2009 and 2011. The first event in the Velopark was the London round of the 2011 UCI BMX Supercross World Cup series.
Lypya
The Lypya (Russian: Лыпья) is a river in Perm Krai, Russia, a right tributary of the Vishera, which in turn is a tributary of the Kama. The river is 55 kilometres (34 mi) long, and the area of its drainage basin is 273 square kilometres (105 sq mi). It starts in the extreme north of the krai, near the border with the Komi Republic, and flows into the Vishera 333 kilometres (207 mi) from the larger river's mouth.

Perm Krai
Perm Krai (Russian: Пе́рмский край, romanized: Permskiy kray, IPA: [ˈpʲɛrmskʲɪj ˈkraj]; Komi-Permyak: Перем ладор, romanized: Perem lador) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is Perm. The population of the krai was 2,532,405 (2021 Census).

The krai was formed on 1 December 2005 as a result of the 2004 referendum on the merger of Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug. Komi-Permyak Okrug retained its autonomous status within Perm Krai during the transitional period of 2006–2008. It also retained a budget separate from that of the krai, keeping all federal transfers. Starting in 2009, Komi-Permyak Okrug's budget became subject to the budgeting law of Perm Krai. The transitional period was implemented in part because Komi-Permyak Okrug relied heavily on federal subsidies, and an abrupt cut would have been detrimental to its economy.

The final period of the Paleozoic era, the Permian, is named after the Perm region.
Ray Aston
Raymond William Aston (24 September 1943 – 23 May 1988) was an Australian politician. He was the Liberal member for Vaucluse in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly from 1986 until his early death.

Ray Aston was born in the Sydney suburb of Waverley, the son of William Aston, who was Speaker of the Australian House of Representatives 1967–72. Having attended Waverley College, Aston graduated from the University of Sydney, becoming an orthodontist. In 1986, he was selected as the Liberal candidate for a by-election to be held in the state seat of Vaucluse, which was being vacated by Liberal Deputy Leader Rosemary Foot. Aston was easily elected, gaining over 70% of the vote, with Labor not contesting the by-election, and his nearest rival, the Democrats candidate, polling just over 10%.

At the 1988 state election, Aston was comfortably re-elected and was appointed as Minister for Corrective Services. However, he died suddenly later that year in Sydney, aged 44.

Electoral district of Vaucluse
Vaucluse is an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales, located east of the Sydney central business district in the affluent Eastern Suburbs. It is named after the suburb of Vaucluse.

Vaucluse is one of two original (post-1927 redistribution) electorates to have never been held by the opposing Labor party and always by the Liberal Party or its predecessors, the other district being Hornsby. It has been represented in the past by former Leaders of the Opposition Murray Robson and Peter Debnam, and current Leader of the Opposition Kellie Sloane (as of 2025), all of the Liberal Party
Mark Anthony McGinley
Mark Anthony McGinley is an Irish footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Letterkenny Rovers. He has also played Gaelic football for St Michael's and was formerly number one keeper with his county team, Donegal. He is from Ards, County Donegal.

Finn Harps F.C.
Finn Harps Football Club is an Irish football club that play in the First Division of the League of Ireland, as of 2023. The club was founded in 1954 and elected to the league in 1969. They hail from Ballybofey, County Donegal and play their home matches at Finn Park in Ballybofey. The club's colours are blue and white, and they go by the nickname Harps. The main successes of the club include winning an FAI Cup in 1973–74 and the First Division title in 2004. They also contested the 1999 FAI Cup Final, a second replay of which ended in a narrow defeat, the first replay having been lost to a draw with 30 seconds left to play.

Finn Harps share a local rivalry with Derry City with whom they contest the Northwest Derby.
Back-formation
Back-formation is the process or result of creating a new word via morphology, typically by removing or substituting actual or supposed affixes from a lexical item, in a way that expands the number of lexemes associated with the corresponding root word. James Murray coined the term back-formation in 1889. (Oxford English Dictionary Online preserves its first use of 'back-formation' from 1889 in the definition of to burgle; from burglar.)

For example, the noun resurrection was borrowed from Latin, and the verb resurrect was then back-formed hundreds of years later from it by removing the -ion suffix. This segmentation of resurrection into resurrect + ion was possible because English had examples of Latin words in the form of verb and verb+-ion pairs, such as opine/opinion. These became the pattern for many more such pairs, where a verb derived from a Latin supine stem and a noun ending in ion entered the language together, such as insert/insertion, project/projection, etc.

Noun
In grammar, a noun is a word that represents a concrete or abstract thing, like living creatures, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, and ideas. A noun may serve as an object or subject within a phrase, clause, or sentence.

In linguistics, nouns constitute a lexical category (part of speech) defined according to how its members combine with members of other lexical categories. The syntactic occurrence of nouns differs among languages.

In English, prototypical nouns are common nouns or proper nouns that can occur with determiners, articles and attributive adjectives, and can function as the head of a noun phrase. According to traditional and popular classification, pronouns are distinct from nouns, but in much modern theory they are considered a subclass of nouns.  Every language has various linguistic and grammatical distinctions between nouns and verbs.
Conny Waßmuth
Conny Waßmuth (also spelled Wassmuth; born 4 April 1983 in Halle an der Saale) is a German sprint canoer who has competed since 2005. She won a gold medal in the K-4 500 m event at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing.

Waßmuth also won eight medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with five golds (K-1 4 x 200 m: 2009, 2010; K-4 200 m: 2007, 2009; K-4 500 m: 2005, 2007) and two silvers (K-4 200 m and K-4 500 m: both 2006).

In June 2015, she competed in the inaugural European Games, for Germany in canoe sprint, more specifically, Women's K-4 500m with Verena Hantl, Franziska Weber, and Tina Dietze. She earned a silver medal.

At the 2016 Summer Olympics, she competed in the women's K-1 200 metres event. She was eliminated in the semifinals.

Canoeing at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's K-1 200 metres
The women's canoe sprint K-1 200 metres at the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro took place between 15 and 16 August at Lagoa Stadium. The medals were presented by Barbara Kendall, IOC member, New Zealand and Maree Burnett, Board Member of the ICF.
Jarkko Lahti
Jarkko Lahti (born 1978 in Kokkola, Finland) is a Finnish actor, known for portraying Olli Mäki in the film The Happiest Day in the Life of Olli Mäki (2016). He won best Best Actor at the Jussi Awards in 2016. Lahti also appeared as Viirilä in the film The Unknown Soldier (2017).

In 2025, Lahti was cast to play Simo Häyhä in the upcoming Häyhä film.

Kokkola
Kokkola (Finnish: [ˈkokːolɑ]; Swedish: Karleby, Finland Swedish: [ˈkɑrleˌbyː]) is a town in Finland and the regional capital of Central Ostrobothnia. It is located on the west coast of the country, on the Gulf of Bothnia. The population of Kokkola is approximately 48,000, while the sub-region has a population of approximately 54,000. It is the 22nd most populous municipality in Finland, and the 20th most populous urban area in the country.

Kokkola covers an area of 2,730.80 square kilometres (1,054.37 sq mi) of which 1,286.61 km2 (496.76 sq mi) is water. The population density is 33.44 inhabitants per square kilometre (86.6/sq mi). Neighbour municipalities are Halsua, Kalajoki, Kannus, Kaustinen, Kronoby, Lestijärvi, Larsmo and Toholampi.

Kokkola is a bilingual municipality with Finnish and Swedish as its official languages. The population consists of 83% Finnish speakers, 12% Swedish speakers, and 6% speakers of other languages.
Homer Dopp
Homer Dopp (November 25, 1875 – April 18, 1949) was an American Republican politician from Wisconsin.

Homer R. Dopp was born in Oconomowoc, Wisconsin. He graduated from the University of Wisconsin in 1902, married the same year Gertrude Ross in Beloit, a native of that city and a graduate of Beloit College, and taught high school for two years. He was a farmer. He was elected to Wisconsin State Assembly in 1922 receiving 3,267 votes to 1,020 for the independent Democratic candidate Judson Hall. He served in Wisconsin State Assembly in 1923 representing Waukesha County, Wisconsin.

Beloit, Wisconsin
Beloit (/bəˈlɔɪt/ ⓘ bə-LOYT) is a city in Rock County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located along the Rock River in southern Wisconsin, on the state border with Illinois. The population was 36,657 at the 2020 census. The Janesville–Beloit metropolitan statistical area, consisting solely of Rock County, has an estimated 165,000 residents.
William Commanda
William Commanda OC (November 11, 1913 – August 3, 2011) (Algonquin name: Ojshigkwanàng, normally written Ojigkwanong, meaning "Morning Star") was an Algonquin elder, spiritual leader, and promoter of environmental stewardship. Commanda served as Band Chief of the Kitigàn-zìbì Anishinàbeg First Nation near Maniwaki, Quebec, from 1951 to 1970. In his life, he worked as a guide, a trapper and woodsman, and was a skilled craftsman and artisan who excelled at constructing birch bark canoes. He was Keeper of several Algonquin wampum shell belts, which held records of prophecies, history, treaties and agreements. In 2008, Commanda was appointed to the rank of officer of the Order of Canada.

Prophecy
In religion, mythology, and fiction, a prophecy is a message that has been communicated to a person (typically called a prophet) by a supernatural entity. Prophecies are a feature of many cultures and belief systems and usually contain divine will or law, or preternatural knowledge, for example of future events. They can be revealed to the prophet in various ways depending on the religion and the story, such as visions, or direct interaction with divine beings in physical form. Stories of prophetic deeds sometimes receive considerable attention and some have been known to survive for centuries through oral tradition or as religious texts.
Falki, Podlaskie Voivodeship
Falki [ˈfalki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Wyszki, within Bielsk County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

According to the 1921 census, the village was inhabited by 253 people, among whom 242 were Roman Catholic and 11 Mosaic. At the same time, 242 inhabitants declared Polish nationality, 11 Jewish. There were 43 residential buildings in the village.

1921 Polish census
The Polish census of 1921 or First General Census in Poland (Polish: Pierwszy Powszechny Spis Ludności) was the first census in the Second Polish Republic, performed on September 30, 1921, by the Main Bureau of Statistics (Główny Urząd Statystyczny). It was followed by the Polish census of 1931.
Mars Ravelo's Darna! Ang Pagbabalik
Mars Ravelo's Darna! Ang Pagbabalik (lit. 'Mars Ravelo's Darna! The Return'), or simply Darna! Ang Pagbabalik, is a 1994 Filipino superhero film based on the Pilipino Komiks character Darna. Directed by Peque Gallaga and Lore Reyes from a screenplay by playwright Floy Quintos, it stars Anjanette Abayari as Narda / Darna, alongside Edu Manzano, BB Gandanghari (credited as Rustom Padilla), Bong Alvarez, Pilita Corrales, Cherie Gil and Lester Llansang. Produced by Viva Family Entertainment, the film was released in June 9, 1994.

As of 2023, it is the last Darna film to be released in theaters, with studios opting instead to produce television shows for the character of Darna in later years.

Edu Manzano
Eduardo "Edu" Barrios Manzano (Tagalog: [ˈʔɛdu manˈsanɔ]; born September 14, 1955) is a Filipino actor, television presenter, and politician. He hosted the game shows The Weakest Link, Pilipinas, Game KNB?, 1 vs. 100, Asar Talo Lahat Panalo!, and Game 'N Go.
SMA House
The SMA House, formerly known as the Malayan Motors Showroom, is a former Malayan Motors car showroom on Orchard Road. In 1987, the Singapore Manufacturer's Association moved into the building, followed by the Management Development Institute of Singapore in 2002.

Orchard Road
Orchard Road, often known colloquially as simply Orchard, is a major 2.5 km (1.6 mi)-long road in the Central Area of Singapore. A famous tourist attraction, it is an upscale shopping area, with numerous department stores, shopping malls, restaurants, and coffeehouses located in its vicinity. It has been described as a popular hotspot in Singapore, especially at night, attracting urban youth.

The Orchard Planning Area is a planning area as specified by the Urban Redevelopment Authority. It is part of the Central Area located within the Central Region. Orchard is bordered by Newton in the east and north, Tanglin in the west, River Valley in the south and Museum to the southeast. It consists of three subzones, Orchard, Somerset and Tanglin (not to be confused with its neighbouring planning area).
Charles R. Johnson
Charles Richard Johnson (born April 23, 1948) is an American scholar and the author of novels, short stories, screen-and-teleplays, and  essays, most often with a philosophical orientation. Johnson has directly addressed the issues of black life in America in novels such as Dreamer and Middle Passage. Johnson was born in 1948 in Evanston, Illinois, and spent most of his career at the University of Washington in Seattle.

The Cambridge Guide to Literature in English says that Johnson's works "combine historical accuracy, parable, and elements of the fantastic in rendering the experience of African Americans."

Indiana University Press
Indiana University Press, also known as IU Press, is an academic publisher founded in 1950 at Indiana University that specializes in the humanities and social sciences. Its headquarters are located in Bloomington, Indiana. IU Press publishes approximately 100 new books annually, in addition to 38 academic journals, and maintains a current catalog comprising some 2,000 titles.

Indiana University Press primarily publishes in the following areas: African, African American, Asian, cultural, Jewish, Holocaust, Middle Eastern studies, Russian and Eastern European, and women's and gender studies; anthropology, film studies, folklore, history, bioethics, music, paleontology, philanthropy, philosophy, and religion. IU Press undertakes extensive regional publishing under its Quarry Books imprint.
Digital Platform Workers' Trade Union
The Digital Platform Workers’ Trade Union (Croatian: Sindikat radnika digitalnih platformi, SRDP) is a trade union of internet-based platform workers, including ridesharing and food delivery, in Croatia. It is affiliated with the Union of Autonomous Trade Unions of Croatia.

Union of Autonomous Trade Unions of Croatia
The Union of Autonomous Trade Unions of Croatia (SSSH) is recognized as the principal voice of Croatian trade unionism. It was founded in May 1990, and represents around 1/5 of organized workers in the country. It has 18 affiliated industrial unions.

The SSSH is affiliated to the European Trade Union Confederation and the International Trade Union Confederation.
Christina Nielsen (museum director)
Christina Nielsen is an American museum director, art historian and curator.

As of 2025 she is the Hannah and Russel Kully Director of the Art Museum at the Huntington Library, Art Museum, and Botanical Gardens in San Marino, California. Appointed on October 15, 2018, she leads the institution's art division, which includes European, American and Asian art collections. She previously held senior curatorial positions at the Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston and the Art Institute of Chicago. She is also a fellow of the Center for Curatorial Leadership.

San Marino, California
San Marino is an affluent city in Los Angeles County, California, United States. It was incorporated on April 25, 1913. At the 2020 United States census the population was 12,513, a decline from the 2010 United States census.
Murgo
Murgo, on "Murgo Nala" near Murgo Hotspring, is a small hilly village which lies near the Line of Actual Control in Nubra district of the union territory of Ladakh in India, close to Chinese-controlled Aksai Chin. It is one of the northernmost villages of India. The Murgo Gompa is a large Buddhist monastery at Murgo. Murgo lies on the Darbuk–Shyok–DBO Road (DS-DBO Road) and Sasser Brangsa-Murgo Road (SBM Road) fork of Sasoma–Sasser La-Saser Brangsa-Gapsam-Daulat Beg Oldi Road (SSSG-DBO Road), both of which connect Leh to Daulat Beg Oldi. The village is inhabited by a small civilian population of Baltis, who make a living by apricot farming and yak rearing.  The temperature plummets as low as -30 C in the winters. The weather deteriorates frequently with strong icy winds lashing much of Murgo. Murgo has very little vegetation or wildlife. Telecommunication at Murgo is only available through INMARSAT satellite phones. The Indian Armed Forces have significant presence in the area.

Balti people
The Baltis are a Tibetic ethnic group who are native to the Pakistani-administered territory of Gilgit−Baltistan and the Indian-administered territory of Ladakh, predominantly in the Kargil district with smaller concentrations present in the Leh district. Outside of the Kashmir region, Baltis are scattered throughout Pakistan, with the majority of the diaspora inhabiting prominent cities such as Lahore, Karachi, Islamabad and Rawalpindi.
Brad Cornelsen
Brad Cornelsen is a current American football coach and former player who was recently the offensive coordinator at Sam Houston State University and currently is the head coach and assistant athletic director at Enid High School in Enid, OK. He was the former offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach at Virginia Tech from 2016 to 2021.

Sam Houston State University
Sam Houston State University (Sam Houston, SHSU or Sam) is a public research university in Huntsville, Texas, United States. Founded in 1879, it is the third-oldest public college or university in Texas. It is one of the first normal schools west of the Mississippi River and the first in Texas. The school is named for statesman Sam Houston, who made his home in the city and is buried there.

SHSU is a member of the Texas State University System and has an enrollment of more than 20,000 students across over 80 undergraduate, 59 master's, and 10 doctoral degree programs. It also offers more than 20 online bachelor's and graduate degrees. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity."
Merlin (protein)
Merlin (also called neurofibromin 2 or schwannomin) is a cytoskeletal protein. In humans, it is a tumor suppressor protein involved in neurofibromatosis type II. Sequence data reveal its similarity to the ERM protein family.

Merlin is an acronym for "Moesin-Ezrin-Radixin-like protein".

Radixin
Radixin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RDX gene.

Radixin is a cytoskeletal protein that may be important in linking actin to the plasma membrane. It is highly similar in sequence to both ezrin and moesin. The radixin gene has been localized by fluorescence in situ hybridization to 11q23. A truncated version representing a pseudogene (RDXP2) was assigned to Xp21.3. Another pseudogene that seemed to lack introns (RDXP1) was mapped to 11p by Southern and PCR analyses.
January 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
January 9 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - January 11

All fixed commemorations below are observed on January 23 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For January 10th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on December 28.

Obnora
The Obnora (Russian: Обно́ра) is a river in Vologda and Yaroslavl Oblasts of Russia. It is a right tributary of the Kostroma. It is 132 kilometres (82 mi) long, with a drainage basin of 2,440 square kilometres (940 sq mi).

The town of Lyubim is situated on the Obnora.