hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yuri Prokhorov
Yuri Vasilyevich Prokhorov (Russian: Ю́рий Васи́льевич Про́хоров; 15 December 1929 – 16 July 2013) was a Soviet and Russian mathematician, active in the field of probability theory. He was a PhD student of Andrey Kolmogorov at the Moscow State University, where he obtained his PhD in 1956.

Prokhorov became a corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union in 1966, a full member in 1972. He was a vice-president of the IMU. He received Lenin Prize in 1970, Order of the Red Banner of Labour in 1975 and 1979. He was also an editor of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia.

Great Soviet Encyclopedia
The Great Soviet Encyclopedia (GSE; Russian: Больша́я сове́тская энциклопе́дия, БСЭ, romanized: Bolshaya sovetskaya entsiklopediya, BSE) is one of the largest Russian-language encyclopedias, published in the Soviet Union from 1926 to 1990. After 2002, the encyclopedia's data was partially included into the later Great Russian Encyclopedia in an updated and revised form. The GSE claimed to be "the first Marxist–Leninist general-purpose encyclopedia".
Donna Halper
Donna Lee Halper (born February 14, 1947 in Dorchester, Massachusetts) is a Boston-based historian and radio consultant. Beginning in 1968, Halper worked as a radio disc jockey and music director and is credited with discovering the progressive rock band Rush while at WMMS in Cleveland in 1974. She has taught courses in broadcasting, media criticism and media history and is author of several books, including the first book-length study devoted to the history of women in American broadcasting, Invisible Stars:  A Social History of Women in American Broadcasting. In March 2023, it was announced that she would be inducted into the Massachusetts Broadcasters Hall of Fame and receive the Pioneer Broadcaster Award.

Radio personality
A radio personality is a person who has an on-air position in radio broadcasting. A radio personality who hosts a radio show is also known as a radio host (North American English), radio presenter (British English) or radio jockey. Radio personalities who introduce and play individual selections of recorded music are known as disc jockeys or "DJs" for short. Broadcast radio personalities may include talk radio hosts, AM/FM radio show hosts, and satellite radio program hosts, and non-host contributors to radio programs, such as reporter
Xi'an Hanova International School
Xi’an Hanova International School is an international school established in Xi'an, China in 2012.

The school is independently owned and operated and teaches an international curriculum. The school is supported by local government educational authorities.

Students aged 3 to 18  make up the student body, with professional staff from 26 different countries. As of 2018, the school had 240+ international students, and all classes, activities, and subjects are taught in English, with the exception of non-English modern languages (Chinese, Korean, and Spanish).

Hanova International School is approved to offer the IB PYP (Primary Years Programme), IB MYP (Middle Years Programme), IB DP (Diploma Programme), and Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education.

IB Middle Years Programme
The International Baccalaureate Middle Years Programme (MYP) is an educational programme for students between the ages of 11 and 16 around the world as part of the International Baccalaureate (IB) continuum. The Middle Years Programme is intended to prepare students for the three-year IB Diploma Programme and IB Career-related Programmes.

It is used by many schools internationally, and has been available since 1994. It was updated in 2014 and called MYP: New Chapter.

In the Middle Years Programme students are required to receive instruction in all eight subject groups: Language Acquisition, Language and Literature, Individuals and Societies, Sciences, Mathematics, Arts, Physical and Health Education, and Design.
Wapno
Wapno [ˈvapnɔ] is a village in Wągrowiec County, in the Greater Poland Voivodeship, close to the border with Żnin County. Wapno is Polish for lime and reflects the large gypsum deposits in the area, which can be processed to produce lime. There are also large deposits of rock salt that were mined extensively beginning in the nineteenth century.

Wapno lies in the so-called Gniezno Lake District, and is close to several lakes. The village is 20 km (12 mi) north of the town of Wągrowiec.

Halite
Halite (/ˈhælaɪt, ˈheɪlaɪt/ HAL-yte, HAY-lyte), commonly known as rock salt, is a type of salt, the mineral (natural) form of sodium chloride (NaCl). Halite forms isometric crystals. The mineral is typically colorless or white, but may also be light blue, dark blue, purple, pink, red, orange, yellow or gray depending on inclusion of other materials, impurities, and structural or isotopic abnormalities in the crystals. It commonly occurs with  other evaporite deposit minerals such as several of the sulfates, halides, and borates. The name halite is derived from the Ancient Greek word for "salt", ἅλς (háls).
Seckel
Seckel is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Al Seckel (1958–2015), American writer and skeptic

Emil Seckel (1864–1924), German jurist and law historian

Jos Seckel (1881–1945), Dutch painter

Jos Seckel
Joseph Abraham Seckel (23 December 1881 – 3 March 1945) was a Dutch artist. His work was exhibited in the art competitions at the 1928 and 1932 Summer Olympics. His work was included in the 1939 exhibition and sale Onze Kunst van Heden (Our Art of Today) at the Rijksmuseum in Amsterdam. Seckel and his family died during the Bezuidenhout bombardment on 3 March 1945.
În Lipsa Mea (song)
"În Lipsa Mea" (Romanian pronunciation: [ɨn ˈlipsa ˈme̯a]; "In my absence") is a single by Romanian singer Smiley featuring Uzzi which headlines the album with the same title În lipsa mea released in November 2007. It was Smiley's debut single as a solo artist after his career as a member of the band Simplu. The song peaked at number three in the Romania Top 100 chart, spending seventeen weeks there. At the 2008 edition of the Romanian Music Awards, the song won the categories of the Best Male Artist through main singer Smiley and Best New Act.

Romanian Music Awards
The Romanian Music Awards, or simply RMA, are a Romanian annual event awarding the best artists in Romania's music scene. It is organized by Music Channel Romania and has taken place in various locations in the country. It was held from 2002 until 2014, and returned in 2022.
5α-Dihydronorethisterone
5α-Dihydronorethisterone (5α-DHNET, dihydronorethisterone, 17α-ethynyl-5α-dihydro-19-nortestosterone, or 17α-ethynyl-5α-estran-17β-ol-3-one) is a major active metabolite of norethisterone (norethindrone). Norethisterone is a progestin with additional weak androgenic and estrogenic activity. 5α-DHNET is formed from norethisterone by 5α-reductase in the liver and other tissues.

Active metabolite
An active metabolite, or pharmacologically active metabolite is  a biologically active metabolite of a xenobiotic substance, such as a drug or environmental chemical. Active metabolites may produce therapeutic effects, as well as harmful effects.
2007 East–West Shrine Game
The 2007 East–West Shrine Game was the 82nd staging of the all-star college football exhibition game featuring NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision players. The game featured over 90 players from the 2006 college football season, and prospects for the 2007 draft of the professional National Football League (NFL). In the week prior to the game, scouts from all 32 NFL teams attended. The proceeds from the East–West Shrine Game benefit Shriners Hospitals for Children.

The game was played on January 20, 2007, at 6 p.m. CT at Reliant Stadium in Houston, and was televised by ESPN2.

The offensive MVP was Jeff Rowe (QB, Nevada), while the defensive MVP was Dan Bazuin (DE, Central Michigan). The Pat Tillman Award was presented to Kyle Shotwell (LB, Cal Poly); the award "is presented to a player who best exemplifies character, intelligence, sportsmanship and service".

Dan Bazuin
Daniel Bazuin (born July 22, 1983) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the  Central Michigan Chippewas and was selected by the Chicago Bears in the second round the 2007 NFL draft.
Duke of Clarence
Duke of Clarence was a substantive title created three times in the Peerage of England. The title Duke of Clarence and St Andrews has also been created in the Peerage of Great Britain, and Duke of Clarence and Avondale and Earl of Clarence in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. The titles have traditionally been awarded to junior members of the English and British royal family, and all are now extinct.

Substantive title
A substantive title, in the United Kingdom, is a title of nobility which is owned in its own right, as opposed to titles shared among cadets, borne as a courtesy title by a peer's relatives, or acquired through marriage.
Conocybe moseri
Conocybe moseri is a mushroom species in the family Bolbitiaceae. It was described as new to science in 1980 by mycologist Roy Watling, from collections made in France. The specific epithet moseri honours Austrian mycologist Meinhard Moser. The fungus has been reported from the United Kingdom, growing in grassy areas, fields, and edges of woods. In 1995, it was recorded from Switzerland, from Ukraine in 2007, and from Russia in 2007. It was reported from India in 2015, where it was found growing on cattle dung.

Roy Watling
Roy Watling (born 1938) is a Scottish mycologist who has made significant contributions to the study of fungi both in the identification of new species and correct taxonomic placement, as well as in fungal ecology.
Von Klingen family
The von Klingen family (and its two main lineages of von Altenklingen and von Hohenklingen) were a baronial family from Thurgau documented from the 12th to the 15th centuries. Their possessions were scattered across a wide radius around Altenklingen Castle (in Wigoltingen) northwest of the Ottenberg, along Lower Lake Constance and around Hohenklingen Castle near Stein am Rhein. The family inhabited the latter castle until the 15th century as bailiffs of the town and advocates of St. George's Abbey.

Altenklingen Castle
Altenklingen Castle is a castle in late Renaissance style in the Swiss Canton of Thurgau in the municipality of Wigoltingen.

It is a Swiss heritage site of national significance. Since 1595 the castle and the surrounding area is privately owned by the Zollikofer family.
Mount Baker–Snoqualmie National Forest
The Mount Baker–Snoqualmie National Forest in Washington is a National Forest extending more than 140 miles (230 km) along the western slopes of the Cascade Range from the Canada–US border to the northern boundary of Mount Rainier National Park. It is administered by the United States Forest Service, which has headquarter offices for this forest in Everett. Local ranger district offices are in North Bend and Skykomish.

National forest (United States)
In the United States, national forest is a classification of protected and managed federal lands that are largely forest and woodland areas. They are owned collectively by the American people through the federal government and managed by the United States Forest Service, a division of the United States Department of Agriculture. The U.S. Forest Service is also a forestry research organization that provides financial assistance to the state and local forestry industry. There are 154 national forests in the United States.
John Spencer (American football)
John Stewart Spencer (March 4, 1937 – July 10, 2021) was an American college football coach. He was the head football coach for Bridgewater College in Bridgewater, Virginia from 1968 to 1984, compiling a record of 56–93–3.

Bridgewater, Virginia
Bridgewater is an incorporated town in Rockingham County, Virginia, United States. The population was 6,596 at the 2020 census. It is included in the Harrisonburg, Virginia Metropolitan Statistical Area.
MGN
MGN can refer to:

Marine Guidance Notes, by UK Maritime and Coastguard Agency

National Rail station code for Marston Green railway station, UK

Mirror Group Newspapers, UK, now part of Trinity Mirror

Medial geniculate nucleus, a subnucleus of the thalamus in the brain

Membranous glomerulonephritis, a kidney disease

Former UK Midland and Great Northern Joint Railway

Mouettes Genevoises Navigation, public transportation by boat in Geneva, Switzerland

Membranous glomerulonephritis
Membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) is a slowly progressive disease of the kidney affecting mostly people between ages of 30 and 50 years, usually white people (i.e., those of European, Middle Eastern, or North African ancestry.).

It is the second most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults, with focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) recently becoming the most common.
Belba
Belba is a genus of mites belonging to family Damaeidae. The genus was established by Carl von Heyden in 1826. Notaspis corynopus (Hermann, 1804) was the type species. Species that are part of the genus can be found in Eurasia and North America.

Jean-Frédéric Hermann
Jean-Frédéric Hermann (Strasbourg 1768–1793) was a French physician and naturalist mainly interested in entomology.

Son of Jean Hermann, he continued the index of his father’s collection, illustrating some species. He studied the comparative anatomy of the mouthparts of insects and mites publishing Mémoire aptérologique with his son in law Frédéric-Louis Hammer in 1804.
Eva Říhová
Eva Říhová (born 5 January 2000) is a Czech slalom canoeist who has competed at the international level since 2015.

She won two bronze medals in the C1 team event at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships (2017, 2019). She also won two bronze medals in the same event at the European Championships.

2019 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 2019 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were the 40th edition of the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships. The event took place from 24 to 29 September 2019 in La Seu d'Urgell, Catalonia, Spain under the auspices of International Canoe Federation (ICF). The events took place at the Segre Olympic Park which also hosted the canoe slalom events at the 1992 Summer Olympics. La Seu d'Urgell hosted the championships for the third time after previously hosting the event in 1999 and 2009.

As is traditional in a pre-Olympic year, the Championships also doubled as the primary qualification event for the 2020 Summer Olympics. The top placed boats (subject to a limit of one per nation) earned their NOCs a qualification quota. 18 qualification spots were available in the K1 events, and eleven in the C1.

Seu also hosted the Wildwater Canoeing World Championships as part of the same event.
Biomachining
Biomachining is the machining process of using lithotropic bacteria to remove material from metal parts, contrasted with chemical machining methods such as chemical milling and physical machining methods such as milling. Certain bacteria, such as Thiobacillus ferrooxidans and Thiobacillus thiooxidans, which are also used in the mineral refinement process of bioleaching, utilize the chemical energy from oxidation of iron or copper to fix carbon dioxide from the air. A metal object, when placed in a culture fluid containing these metal-metabolizing bacteria, will have material removed from its surface over time.

Biomachining is ideal for micromachining due to its very low material removal rate. In addition, biomachining is less likely to leave an undesirable surface finish; neither chemical nor physical energy is concentrated on the cutting area, so the possibility of a damaged or burned surface is slim.

This process has been successfully used to cut both pure iron and pure copper.

Bioleaching
Bioleaching is the extraction or liberation of metals from their ores through the use of living organisms. Bioleaching is one of several applications within biohydrometallurgy and several methods are used to treat ores or concentrates containing copper, zinc, lead,  arsenic, antimony, nickel, molybdenum, gold, silver, and cobalt.

Bioleaching falls into two broad categories.  The first, is the use of microorganisms to oxidize refractory minerals to release valuable metals such and gold and silver.  Most commonly the minerals that are the target of oxidization are pyrite and arsenopyrite.

The second category is leaching of sulphide minerals to release the associated metal, for example, leaching of pentlandite to release nickel, or the leaching of chalcocite, covellite or chalcopyrite to release copper.

Relative to pyrometallurgy it is a slow but low cost method.

The method was inadvertly used in Río Tinto in the 18th century.
Scratch building
Scratch building is the process of building a scale model "from scratch", i.e. from raw materials, rather than building it from a commercial kit, kitbashing or buying it pre-assembled.

Scratch building is easiest if original plans of the subject exist; however, many models have been built from photographs by measuring a known object in the photograph and extrapolating the rest of the dimensions. The necessary parts are then fashioned out of a suitable material, such as wood, plastic, plaster, clay, metal, polymer clay, or even paper, and then assembled.  Some purists consider a model not to be truly scratchbuilt unless all of the parts were made from raw materials.  However most modellers would consider a model including commercial detail parts as scratchbuilt. Scratchbuilding a new body onto an altered ready-to-run chassis is also acceptable.

Polymer clay
Polymer clay is a type of hardenable modeling clay based on the polymer polyvinyl chloride (PVC). It typically contains no clay minerals, but like mineral clay, a liquid is added to dry particles until it achieves gel-like working properties. Similarly, the part is put into an oven to harden, hence its colloquial designation as clay. Polymer clay is generally used for making arts and craft items, and is also used in commercial applications to make decorative parts.  Art made from polymer clay can now be found in major museums.
Nelles
Nelles is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

H. Vivian Nelles, Canadian historian

Mathilde Nelles (born 1997), Belgian alpine ski racer

Maurice Nelles, American engineer, business executive and professor

Percy W. Nelles (1892–1951), Canadian admiral

Robert Nelles (1761–1842), Canadian businessman and political figure

Samuel Sobieski Nelles (1823–1887), Canadian Methodist minister and academic

Walter Nelles (1883–1937), American lawyer and law professor

Percy W. Nelles
Admiral Percy Walker Nelles, CB (7 January 1892 – 13 July 1951) was a flag officer in the Royal Canadian Navy (RCN) and the Chief of the Naval Staff from 1 January 1934 to 15 January 1944. He oversaw the massive wartime expansion of the RCN and the transformation of Canada into a major player in the Battle of the Atlantic. During his tenure U-boats raided the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canadian Northwest Atlantic command was created, and the RCN provided up to 40% of all escort forces in the North Atlantic. His handling of the RCN's war effort had its opponents however, and he was removed from his post as Chief of the Naval Staff in January 1944. He was sent to London as Overseas Naval Attaché, coordinating RCN operations for Operation Overlord. He retired in January 1945 as a full admiral.
Sena Nikhom
Sena Nikhom (Thai: เสนานิคม, pronounced [sěː.nāː ní(ʔ).kʰōm]) is a khwaeng (subdistrict) of Chatuchak district, Bangkok. It is a densely populated area and filled with many different types of residential houses.

Khwaeng
A khwaeng (Thai: แขวง, pronounced [kʰwɛ̌ːŋ]) is an administrative subdivision used in the fifty districts of Bangkok and a few other city municipalities in Thailand. Currently, there are 180 khwaeng in Bangkok. A khwaeng is roughly equivalent to a tambon in other provinces of Thailand, smaller than an amphoe (district). With the creation of the special administrative area of Bangkok in 1972 the tambon within the area of the new administrative entity was converted into khwaeng. The common English translation for khwaeng is subdistrict.

Historically, in some regions of the country khwaeng referred to subdivisions of a province (then known as mueang, predating the modern term changwat), while in others they were called amphoe. Administrative reforms at the beginning of the 20th century standardized them to the term amphoe.
Riverside High School (Albany, Oregon)
Riverside High School is girl's correctional education program housed adjacent to the Oak Creek Youth Correctional Facility in Albany, Oregon, USA. Riverside hosts the Young Women’s Transition Program (YWTP). The school is affiliated with four districts; Linn-Benton Lincoln Education Service District (ESD) and Lane ESD are due to location but the program is overseen by the Oregon Department of Education Youth Corrections Education Program (YCEP) and Multnomah Education Service District (MSED). Riverside is paired with Ocean Dunes High School in Florence, Oregon and Three Lakes High School and the Linn-Benton Juvenile Detention Center, which are also located within Oak Creek. The program moved from Corvallis, Oregon to Albany in 2016.

Oregon Youth Authority
The Oregon Youth Authority (OYA) is a state agency of Oregon, headquartered in Suite 500 of the 530 Center St. NE building in Salem. The agency operates juvenile corrections.

A juvenile crime prevention task force chaired by then-Attorney General of Oregon Ted Kulongoski recommended the creation of a separate juvenile corrections agency. The OYA was established as a distinct agency in 1995.
Solium
Solium Capital, now known as Shareworks by Morgan Stanley, is a subscription-software  (SaaS) company headquartered in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. It is best known for Shareworks, software used by public and private companies to manage their employee stock options and/or cap tables. It also does 409A valuations (see Internal Revenue Code section 409A). The company has ~3,000 clients and has offices in Canada, the United States, the UK, Europe and Australia. Morgan Stanley announced a definitive agreement to acquire Solium in February 2019 for approximately CAD$1.1 billion (US$900 million), a 40% premium over the recent trading price.

Internal Revenue Code section 409A
Section 409A of the United States Internal Revenue Code regulates nonqualified deferred compensation  paid by a "service recipient" to a "service provider" by generally imposing a 20% excise tax when certain design or operational rules contained in the section are violated.    Service recipients are generally employers, but those who hire independent contractors are also service recipients. Service providers include executives, general employees, some independent contractors and board members, as well as entities that provide services (an LLC, for example, could be a service provider).