hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mnesitheus
Mnesitheus (Greek: Μνησίθεος; 4th century BC) of Athens, was a Greek physician, who probably lived in the 4th century BC, as he is quoted by the comic poet Alexis. He belonged to the Dogmatic school of medicine. He enjoyed a great reputation, and was particularly celebrated for his classification of diseases. He wrote a work "On Diet," Περὶ Ἐδεστῶν, or, according to Galen, Περὶ Ἐδεσμάτων, which is several times quoted by Athenaeus. He wrote another work, "On Tippling", in which he recommended this practice. He is frequently mentioned by Galen, and generally in favourable terms; as also by Rufus of Ephesus, Aulus Gellius, Soranus of Ephesus, Pliny, Plutarch, and Oribasius. His tomb was still existing in Attica in the time of Pausanias.

A physician of this name from Cyzicus in Mysia is quoted by Oribasius.

Dogmatic school
The Dogmatic school of medicine (Dogmatics, or Dogmatici, Greek: Δογματικοί) was a school of medicine in ancient Greece and Rome. They were the oldest of the medical sects of antiquity. They derived their name from dogma, a philosophical tenet or opinion, because they professed to follow the opinions of Hippocrates, hence they were sometimes called Hippocratici. Thessalus, the son, and Polybus, the son-in-law of Hippocrates, were the founders of this sect, c. 400 BC, which enjoyed great reputation, and held undisputed sway over the whole medical profession, until the establishment of the Empiric school. After the rise of Empiric school, for some centuries, every physician counted himself under either one or the other of the two parties. The most distinguished among this school were Diocles of Carystus, Praxagoras of Cos, and Plistonicus. The doctrines of this school are described by Aulus Cornelius Celsus in the introduction to his De Medicina.
Sonia Orin Lyris
Sonia Orin Lyris is the author of several novels and various science fiction and fantasy stories and articles in computing and literary journals.  She is the author of The Seer and the sequel novels forming The Stranger Trilogy. She has published fiction for Wizards of the Coast, Asimov's Science Fiction Magazine, and Pulphouse.

In 1996, she co-founded eMarket Group, Ltd., an online merchandise company, and worked with them as Executive Vice President. She also helped to build systems for e-commerce sites such as Sony Pictures, Paramount Pictures, Variety, and Viz Media.

Lyris is communications director and a contributing editor for the C-spot and has been associate editor at the Journal of Universal Rejection (JofUR). In 2012, she was interviewed in an episode of The Tomorrow Project podcast, where she discussed the relationship between real-world science and science fiction.

Lyris lives in Seattle, Washington.

Pulphouse Publishing
Pulphouse Publishing was an American small press publisher based in Eugene, Oregon, and specializing in science fiction and fantasy. It was founded by Dean Wesley Smith and Kristine Kathryn Rusch in 1988. The press was active until 1996. Over that period, Pulphouse published 244 different titles.
Islamic attitudes towards science
Muslim scholars have developed a spectrum of viewpoints on science within the context of Islam. Scientists of medieval Muslim civilization (e.g. Ibn al-Haytham) contributed to the new discoveries in science. From the eighth to fifteenth century, Muslim mathematicians and astronomers furthered the development of mathematics. Concerns have been raised about the lack of scientific literacy in parts of the modern Muslim world.

Islamic scientific achievements encompassed a wide range of subject areas, especially medicine, mathematics, astronomy, agriculture as well as physics, economics, engineering and optics.

Aside from these contributions, some Muslim writers have made claims that the Quran made prescient statements about scientific phenomena as regards the structure of the embryo, the Solar System, and the development of the universe.

As-Sajdah
As-Sajdah (السجدة), is the 32nd chapter (sūrah) of the Quran with 30 verses (āyāt). The name of the chapter has been translated as ۩ 'prostration'  or 'adoration' and is taken from the fifteenth verse, which mentions those who "... fall prostrate and hymn the praise of their Lord".

Regarding the timing and contextual background of the  believed revelation, it is an earlier "Meccan surah", which means it is believed revealed in Mecca, instead of later in Medina. Theodor Nöldeke (d.1930), translator of Tabari (Arabic – German), estimated it as the 70th (Nöldeke chronology).  The traditional Egyptian chronology puts the chapter as the 75th chapter by the order of revelation (after Quran 23).
Samuel Ajani
Samuel Ajani (22 April 1940 – 29 January 2020) was the Anglican Bishop of Egba West in Lagos Province of the Church of Nigeria.

Ajani died on 29 January 2020.

He attended CMS Grammar School, Lagos and Holloway College, London, graduating in 1969. He joined Nigerian Television Service as an Engineer, and moved to Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria in 1978. In 1979, he was assigned to the "Abuja Project" by the Director General George Bako. He served as Director of Technical Services for FRCN. He was appointed executive director of the Ibadan National Station in 1992, a post he held until 1999.

He was the pioneer Bishop of Egba West, established in 2007; he handed over to Samuel Oludele Ogundeji on his retirement in 2010.

Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria
The Federal Radio Corporation of Nigeria (FRCN) is a Nigerian state radio broadcasting organization. Its flagship station is the syndicated radio network Radio Nigeria, with FM stations across the 36 states and Zonal station in the 6 geopolitical zones that broadcast in the SW (South West – Ibadan, South Central – Yenagoa, South East – Enugu, North East – Maiduguri, North Central – Makurdi, North West – Kaduna). According to FRCN, it is the largest broadcasting organization in Africa.
Portrait of Joseph Nollekens (Beechey)
Portrait of Joseph Nollekens is an 1812 portrait painting by the British artist William Beechey.  It depicts the celebrated sculptor Joseph Nollekens in a head-and-shoulders composition. Nollekens was an old friend of Beechey, both prominent members of the Royal Academy during the Regency era.

The painting was displayed at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1812 at Somerset House. It was presented to the National Gallery in 1835, and is now in the collection of the Tate Britain in Pimlico.  In 1814 the engraver Charles Turner produced a mezzotint based on Beechey's painting.

Somerset House
Somerset House is a large neoclassical building complex situated on the south side of the Strand in central London, overlooking the River Thames, just east of Waterloo Bridge. The Georgian era quadrangle is built on the site of a Tudor palace ("Old Somerset House") originally belonging to the Duke of Somerset. The present Somerset House was designed by Sir William Chambers, begun in 1776, and was further extended with Victorian era outer wings to the east and west in 1831 and 1856 respectively. The site of Somerset House stood directly on the River Thames until the Victoria Embankment was built in the late 1860s.

The great Georgian era structure was built to be a grand public building housing various government and public-benefit society offices. Its present tenants are a mixture of various organisations, generally centred around the arts and education.
Krishnam Vande Jagadgurum
Krishnam Vande Jagadgurum (transl. Praise Krishna, the Guru of the Universe) is a 2012 Indian Telugu-language action drama film directed by Krish and jointly produced by Saibabu Jagarlamudi and Rajeev Reddy on First Frame Entertainment. It has received universal acclaim for combining the art form of Surabhi and an action flick based on illegal mining in Bellary. It stars Rana Daggubati and Nayanthara, while Kota Srinivasa Rao, Milind Gunaji, Murali Sharma, Brahmanandam, Posani Krishna Murali, and L. B. Sriram appear in supporting roles. Mani Sharma composed the music for the film.

It was released on 30 November 2012 to high critical acclaim and was declared a blockbuster at the box office.

Posani Krishna Murali
Posani Krishna Murali (born 22 January 1958) is an Indian screenwriter, actor, director and producer who primarily works in Telugu cinema. He has worked as a writer for over 150 Telugu films and directed a number of films. In 2009, he unsuccessfully contested the Andhra Pradesh state legislative assembly elections from Chilakaluripet constituency. He is briefly arrested for allegedly creating animosity in early 2025. He was later granted bail and accused the Chandrababu Naidu-led government of Andhra Pradesh of filing cases against him as part of a political vendetta.
Jennifer Madans
Jennifer Holly Madans is an American biostatistician whose research has concerned survey methodology, longitudinal studies, the measurement of health and functionality, and health services, as well as participation in studies on racial disparities in health statistics data, body mass, diabetes, infant mortality, and disability. Formerly the associate director and acting director of the National Center for Health Statistics in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, she is a senior advisor to the Center for Inclusive Policy and vice chair of the Population Reference Bureau.

Population Reference Bureau
The Population Reference Bureau (PRB) is a private, nonprofit organization specializing in collecting and supplying statistics necessary for research and/or academic purposes focused on the environment, and health and structure of populations. The PRB works in the United States and internationally with a wide range of partners in the government, nonprofit, research, business, and philanthropy sectors.
Ulmu, Ialoveni
Ulmu is a settlement in Ialoveni District, Moldova. It is situated in the middle of  the largest forest in Moldova, Codrii Moldovei. The soil of this zone, a type of chernozem, is favorable for various kinds of plantations. Currently, the most grown cultures are common for the central zone of Moldova, some of them are grapes, corn, cherry and sour cherry trees and many more. The Botna River, which crosses the village, is a tributary of the Nistru River. The river can dry out completely during summer months. The river doesn't cause floods, due to its low depth and pollution.

Ulmu is located strategically, at equal distances from Chișinău, and the Romanian border and other villages from the same district.
The E581 highway is being constructed in the vicinity.

Prunus cerasus
Prunus cerasus (sour cherry, tart cherry, or dwarf cherry) is an Old World species of Prunus in the subgenus Cerasus (cherries). It has two main groups of cultivars: the dark-red Morello cherry and the lighter-red Amarelle cherry. The sour pulp is edible.
Richard Cox House
Richard Cox House is a historic home located at Mattituck in Suffolk County, New York. It was originally constructed in 1826 in the Greek Revival style and extensively remodeled in the 1870s in the Italianate style.  The house features a cupola atop a low hipped roof. Also on the property is a 1+1⁄2-story, Stick-style former carriage barn.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

Carriage house
A carriage house, also called a remise or coach house, is a term used in North America to describe an outbuilding that was originally built to house horse-drawn carriages and their related tack. Carriage houses were often two stories, with related staff quarters above.
Pterocymbium tinctorium
Pterocymbium tinctorium is a tropical forest tree species in the family Malvaceae, subfamily Sterculioideae (previously placed in the Sterculiaceae).  In Vietnam, it is known as dực nang nhuộm. In Indonesia, it is called kelumbuk, where it is a significant timber tree growing to about 25 m high. In Cambodia, it is called Chan Tumpaing (ចាន់ទំពាំង). In the Philippines it is called malasapsap.

Malvaceae
Malvaceae (/mælˈveɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include cacao, cola, cotton, okra, roselle and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as Alcea (hollyhock), Malva (mallow), and Tilia (lime or linden tree). The genera with the largest numbers of species include Hibiscus (434 species), Pavonia (291 species), Sida (275 species), Ayenia (216 species), Dombeya (197 species), and Sterculia (181 species).
Badge 373
Badge 373 is a 1973 American neo noir crime action thriller film inspired, as was The French Connection, by the life and career of police officer Eddie Egan, here called "Eddie Ryan".  The film, which has a screenplay by journalist Pete Hamill, was produced and directed by Howard W. Koch, and stars Robert Duvall as Ryan, with Verna Bloom, Henry Darrow and Eddie Egan himself as a police lieutenant.

The film was not successful, either at the U.S. box office or with the critics but was an overseas Box Office Success especially in Italy, France, Spain, West Germany and Australia.

Neo-noir
Neo-noir is a film genre from the 1970s, in the era of New Hollywood, which is primarily associated with the subversion and visual style of classic film noir tropes, adapting the themes of 1940s and 1950s American film noir for contemporary audiences, often with vibrant colors and high-contrast, more graphic depictions of violence or sexuality, thematic motifs, and nonlinear narrative or editing.

During the 1970s and the mid 1980s, the term "neo-noir" surged in popularity, fueled by movies such as Roman Polanski’s Chinatown (1974), Martin Scorsese's Taxi Driver (1976), Sydney Pollack's Absence of Malice (1981), Ridley Scott’s Blade Runner (1982), Paul Verhoeven's The Fourth Man (1983 film) and David Lynch’s Blue Velvet (1986). The French term film noir translates literally to English as "black film", indicating sinister stories often presented in a shadowy cinematographic style. Neo-noir has a similar style but with updated themes, content, style, and visual elements.
Zimbabwean Plateau
The Zimbabwean Plateau is a plateau in East Africa. It is bounded by the Middle and Lower Zambezi Valley in the north, the Kalahari desert in the west, the Limpopo Valley to the south, and declines in the east towards the East African coast and Indian Ocean. It generally has an elevation of over 1,000 m (3,300 ft). The Plateau largely consists of savanna-woodland with musasa and munondo trees on higher ground, and mufuti and munondo on lower ground.: 2 : 24  Several rivers traverse the Plateau, including the Save, Pungwe, and Runde.: 5

Runde River
The Runde River (formerly Lundi River) is a river in southeastern Zimbabwe. It is a tributary of the Save River. Major tributaries of the Runde include the Ngezi River, Tokwe River, Mutirikwe River and Chiredzi River.
William E. Duffield
William Ewing Duffield (January 7, 1922 – January 14, 2001) was a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate, serving from 1971 to 1978.

Duffield placed two ghost employees on the payroll and mailed them paychecks.  He was sentenced to six months in prison for 11 counts of mail fraud in 1981.

Pennsylvania State Senate
The Pennsylvania State Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Pennsylvania General Assembly, the Pennsylvania state legislature. Senators are elected for four-year terms, staggered every two years, such that half of the seats are contested at each election. Even- and odd-numbered district seats are contested in separate election years. The State Senate meets in the State Capitol building in Harrisburg, and has been meeting since 1791.

The president of the Senate is the lieutenant governor, who has no vote except to break a tie. The president pro tempore becomes the lieutenant governor in the event of the sitting lieutenant governor's removal, resignation or death. In this case the president pro tempore and lieutenant governor would be the same person.
The Coronation of Queen Victoria (Martin)
The Coronation of Queen Victoria is an 1839 history painting by the British artist John Martin. It depicts a view of the interior of Westminster Abbey during the Coronation of Queen Victoria  on 28 June 1838. Victoria had succeeded her uncle William IV to the throne the previous year.

Martin had built his reputation on his epic pictures of biblical scenes such as Belshazzar's Feast and The Seventh Plague of Egypt. This picture marked a change of pace for him, recording a scene of recent history. It is now in the collection of Tate Britain in London, having been acquired in 1946.

Tate Britain
Tate Britain, known from 1897 to 1932 as the National Gallery of British Art and from 1932 to 2000 as the Tate Gallery, is an art museum on Millbank in the City of Westminster in London, England. It is part of the Tate network of galleries in England, with Tate Modern, Tate Liverpool and Tate St Ives. Founded by Sir Henry Tate, it houses a substantial collection of the art of the United Kingdom since Tudor times, and in particular has large holdings of the works of J. M. W. Turner, who bequeathed all his own collection to the nation. It is one of the largest museums in the country. In 2021, it ranked 50th on the list of most-visited art museums in the world.
Cameron, New York
Cameron is a town in Steuben County, New York, United States. The population is 898 as of 2020. The town is named after Dugald Cameron, an early settler and land agent of the Pulteney Estate.

The Town of Cameron is centrally located in the county, west of the City of Corning.

Corning, New York
Corning is a city in Steuben County, New York, United States, on the Chemung River. The population was 10,551 at the 2020 census. It is named for Erastus Corning, an Albany financier and railroad executive who was an investor in the company that developed the community. The city is best known as the headquarters of Fortune 500 company Corning Incorporated, formerly Corning Glass Works, a manufacturer of glass and ceramic products for industrial, scientific and technical uses. Corning is roughly equidistant from New York City and Toronto, being about 220 miles (350 km) from both.
Madhura Velankar
Madhura Welankar-Satam (née Welankar) is an Indian actress. She is a four-time State Award winner who appears in Bollywood and Marathi movies and established herself as one of Marathi cinema's leading actresses. The daughter of actor Pradip Velankar, she made her acting debut with Gajendra Ahire's Directorial Not Only Mrs. Raut in 2003. Starring roles in Adhantari (2004), Sarivar Sari (2005), Khabardar (2005), Matichya Chuli (2006), Gojiri (2007), Mi Amrutha Boltey (2008), Ek Daav Dhobi Pachhad (2008), Hapus (2010) established her as one of the top Marathi actresses of the decade. Madhura took a sabbatical from full time acting and worked infrequently over the next decade.

She worked in Marathi television serials also. She performed as a dancer at Rashtrapati Bhavan (Marathi Taarka), Maharashtra State Awards (performed since 2002), Zee Awards, V. Shantaram Awards, and Hirkani Awards. She has given more than 75 stage shows as a dancer and anchor.

V. Shantaram
Shantaram Rajaram Vankudre (18 November 1901 – 30 October 1990), also known as V. Shantaram or Shantaram Bapu, was an Indian film director, producer, screenwriter, actor and editor known for his work in Hindi and Marathi films.  He is best known for films such as Dr. Kotnis Ki Amar Kahani (1946), Amar Bhoopali (1951), Jhanak Jhanak Payal Baaje (1955), Do Aankhen Barah Haath (1957), Navrang (1959), Duniya Na Mane (1937), Pinjara (1972), Chani, Iye Marathiche Nagari and Zunj.
Love marriage
A love marriage is one which is driven solely by the couple, with or without the consent of their parents, as opposed to arranged marriage. While there is no clear definition of love marriage, the term was in common use globally during the Victorian era. It is still used in the Commonwealth countries of India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, as well as Nepal and Egypt.

Consent
Consent occurs when one person voluntarily agrees to the proposal or desires of another. It is a term of common speech, with specific definitions used in such fields as the law, medicine, research, and sexual consent. Consent as understood in specific contexts may differ from its everyday meaning. For example, a person with a mental disorder, a low mental age, or under the legal age of sexual consent may willingly engage in a sexual act that still fails to meet the legal threshold for consent as defined by applicable law.

United Nations agencies and initiatives in sex education programs believe that teaching the topic of consent as part of a comprehensive sexuality education is beneficial. Types of consent include implied consent, express consent, informed consent and unanimous consent.
Goseong Lee clan
The Goseong Lee clan (Korean: 고성 이씨; Hanja: 固城 李氏) is a Korean clan. Their bon-gwan is in Goseong County, South Gyeongsang Province. According to the census held in 2015, the number of members was 104,768. Their founder was Yi Hwang, who was appointed as Lord of Goseong after he successfully defeated the Khitans. Yi Hwang lived during the reign of King Deokjong of Goryeo. He was supposedly the 24th descendant of a certain Li Pan (Chinese: 李槃) from the Han dynasty, who had entered the Korean peninsula during Emperor Wu's conquest of Wiman Joseon.

South Gyeongsang Province
South Gyeongsang Province (Korean: 경상남도, romanized: Gyeongsangnam-do, Korean pronunciation: [kjʌŋ.saŋ.nam.do]) is a province in the southeast of South Korea. The provincial capital is at Changwon. It is adjacent to the major metropolitan center and port of Busan. The UNESCO World Heritage Site Haeinsa, a Buddhist temple that houses the Tripitaka Koreana and tourist attraction, is located in this province. Automobile and petrochemical factories are largely concentrated along the southern part of the province, extending from Ulsan through Busan, Changwon, and Jinju.
Bory (Žďár nad Sázavou District)
Bory is a municipality in Žďár nad Sázavou District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 800 inhabitants.

Bory lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) south of Žďár nad Sázavou, 32 kilometres (20 mi) east of Jihlava, and 137 kilometres (85 mi) south-east of Prague.

Žďár nad Sázavou
Žďár nad Sázavou (Czech pronunciation: [ˈʒɟaːr ˈnat saːzavou]; German: Saar) is a town in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 20,000 inhabitants. The town is an industrial and tourist centre. It is known for the Pilgrimage Church of Saint John of Nepomuk, which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Opelbad
Opelbad is a lido situated on Neroberg in Wiesbaden, Germany opened in 1934.
A foundation established by the Privy Councilor Wilhelm von Opel funded the construction of this summer pool on Wiesbaden's own hill, Neroberg, in 1934.
The swimming pool is designed in the Bauhaus style, with water temperatures of at least 24 degrees.
The 14,500 square metre swimming pool grounds on Wiesbaden's own hill is operated by mattiaqua and offers a view above the city.

Wilhelm von Opel
Wilhelm Albert von Opel colloquially Wilhelm von Opel (née Opel; 15 May 1871 – 2 May 1948) was a German industrialist who was a majority shareholder of the German automobile manufacturer Opel. Opel is primarily known for introducing the assembly line to the German automobile industry.
Hemami
Hemami (Persian: همامی) is a surname of Iranian origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Alireza Mokhtari Hemami (born 1977), Iranian parathlete

Sheila Hemami, American electrical engineer and entrepreneur

Taraneh Hemami (born 1960), Iranian-born American visual artist, curator, and arts educator

Taraneh Hemami
Taraneh Hemami (born 1960; Persian: ترانه همامی) is an Iranian-born American visual artist, curator, and arts educator based in San Francisco. Her works explore the complex cultural politics of exile through personal and collective, multidisciplinary projects often through site specific installation art or participatory engagement projects.