hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Project Eldest Son
Project Eldest Son (also known as "Italian Green" and later "Pole Bean") was a program of covert operations conducted by the United States' Studies and Observation Group (SOG) during the Vietnam War.  The project focused on placement of exploding cartridges into supplies used by communist combat forces in southeast Asia.  United States technicians assembled 11,565 7.62×39mm cartridges for AK-47 rifles, 556 12.7×108mm heavy machine gun cartridges, and 1,968 82mm Type 67 mortar shells to detonate in the weapon when firing was attempted.  Project Eldest Son is an example of unconventional warfare.  The missions under this program were implemented successfully in Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos.

7.62×39mm
The 7.62×39 mm (also called 7.62 Soviet, formerly .30 Russian Short) round is a rimless bottlenecked intermediate cartridge of Soviet origin. The cartridge is widely used due to the global proliferation of the AK-47 rifle and related Kalashnikov-pattern rifles, the SKS semi-automatic rifle, and the RPD/RPK light machine guns.

The AK-47 was designed shortly after World War II, later becoming the AKM because the production of sheet metal receivers had issues when first initiated. This weapon is now the world's most widespread military-pattern rifle. The cartridge remained the Soviet standard until the 1970s. It was partly replaced in Soviet service by the 5.45×39mm cartridge, which was introduced with the new AK-74 rifle, and continues in service with the modernized current-issue Russian Armed Forces AK-74M service rifle, as well as the AK-12 rifle. In the 21st century, the 7.62×39 mm remains a common service rifle chambering, including for newly developed rifles like the AK-15.
Legend tripping
Legend tripping is a practice in which a usually furtive nocturnal pilgrimage is made to a site which is alleged to have been the scene of some tragic, horrific, and possibly supernatural event or haunting.  The practice mostly involves the visiting of sites endemic to locations identified in local urban legends, and can serve as a rite of passage.  Legend tripping has been documented most thoroughly to date in the United States.

Horror and terror
The distinction between horror and terror is a standard literary and psychological concept applied especially to Gothic and horror fiction. Horror is the feeling of revulsion that usually follows a frightening sight, sound, or otherwise experience. By contrast, terror is usually described as the feeling of dread and anticipation that precedes the horrifying experience.

Noël Carroll also defined terror as a combination of horror and revulsion.
Rebecca Kulimoetoke
Rebecca Kulimoetoke is an artist and teacher from Wallis, in the French overseas territory of Wallis and Futuna. An expert in tapa cloth, she is also a visual artist, with her painting featured in exhibitions and on stamps. She donated several of her works to the Musée du Vivant-AgroParisTech, where they are displayed with objects loaned by Uvea Museum Association. In 2015 her work was displayed as part of Dordogne's Histoire de passages festival. She studied at Jean Monnet University before returning to Wallis.

Uvea Museum Association
Uvea Museum Association is a private museum on the island of Wallis, in the French overseas territory of Wallis and Futuna. Located in the Mata Utu shopping centre, it is arranged thematically, and visits are by appointment only. The museum was founded by Eric Pambrun and Christophe Laurent.

Its collection comprises objects that reflect the history of the island in the Second World War. The collection also includes the first 16mm film shot on the island, which records a faka Niutao dance in 1943. Several objects in the collection have been donated by American veterans who served on Wallis.

The museum has loaned objects from its collection to other institutions. Notably, a 1942 Coca-Cola bottle left behind by American troops during their occupation of the island was lent to Musée du Vivant-AgroParisTech.
Summer Holiday (1948 film)
Summer Holiday is a 1948 American musical-comedy film directed by Rouben Mamoulian and starring Mickey Rooney and Gloria DeHaven. The picture is based on the play Ah, Wilderness! (1933) by Eugene O'Neill, which had been filmed  under that name by MGM in 1935 with Rooney in a much smaller role as the younger brother. Although completed in October 1946, the film sat on the shelf until 1948.

In addition to Walter Huston, the supporting cast features Frank Morgan as the drunken Uncle Sid (a role originated in the stage play by Gene Lockhart, portrayed on screen by Wallace Beery in 1935, and later by Jackie Gleason on Broadway), as well as Marilyn Maxwell, Agnes Moorehead, Selena Royle, and Anne Francis. One of producer Arthur Freed's MGM musicals, it has costumes and cinematography that take full advantage of Technicolor.

Gene Lockhart
Edwin Eugene Lockhart (July 18, 1891 – March 31, 1957) was a Canadian-American character actor, playwright, singer, and lyricist. He appeared in over 300 films, and received an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor for his role as Regis in Algiers (1938), the American remake of Pépé le Moko.
Ponte Buggianese
Ponte Buggianese (Italian pronunciation: [ˈponte buddʒaˈneːze]) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Pistoia in the Italian region Tuscany, located about 45 kilometres (28 mi) west of Florence and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) southwest of Pistoia.

Ponte Buggianese borders the following municipalities: Buggiano, Chiesina Uzzanese, Fucecchio, Larciano, Montecatini Terme, Monsummano Terme, Pieve a Nievole and Uzzano.

Montecatini Terme
Montecatini Terme (Montecatini-Terme, according to ISTAT documentation) is an Italian comune (municipality) of c. 20,000 inhabitants in the province of Pistoia, in the Italian region of Tuscany. It is the most important center in Valdinievole. The town is located at the eastern end of Piana di Lucca and has a strong tourism industry, as well as industrial and commercial industries related to the spa, which in turn has increased the interest in hotel accommodation in the region.

In 2021, the town became part of the transnational "Great Spa Towns of Europe" UNESCO World Heritage Site, because of its famous mineral springs and its architecture exemplifying the popularity of spa resorts in Europe during the 18th through 20th centuries.
Tormis Laine
Tormis Laine (born August 6, 2000, in Tallinn) is an Estonian alpine skier who lives and trains in Tyrol, Austria since 2011.

In 2019, he graduated from the Stams Ski Academy in Austria, and in 2024, from the MCI Management Center Innsbruck with a degree in business administration.

Laine began alpine skiing at the age of 6 in Otepää, under coach Peeter Siim. His coaches have included Margus Silbaum, Oliver Nindl, Toni Trenkwalder, Christoph Praxmarer, Matthias Dietl, and Meelis Minn. Since 2022, he has been part of the Global Racing Ski Team and trains under Paul Epstein. His strength and conditioning coach is Indrek Tustit.

Otepää
Otepää (formerly Nuustaku) is a town in Valga County, southern Estonia. It is the administrative centre of Otepää Parish. Otepää is a popular skiing resort, popularly known as the "winter capital" of Estonia (in contrast to the "summer capital" Pärnu). During the 2005–2006 season it became the site for FIS Cross-Country World Cup events.

The name Otepää means 'Ott's Head' in South Estonian, where ott is a euphemism for 'bear'.
Spodnje Laže
Spodnje Laže (pronounced [ˈspoːdnjɛ ˈlaːʒɛ]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Slovenske Konjice in eastern Slovenia. It lies on the left bank of the Dravinja River. The railway line from Celje to Pragersko runs through the settlement. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Glossary of rail transport terms
Rail transport terms are a form of technical terminology applied to railways. Although many terms are uniform across different nations and companies, they are by no means universal, with differences often originating from parallel development of rail transport systems in different parts of the world, and in the national origins of the engineers and managers who built the inaugural rail infrastructure. An example is the term railroad, used (but not exclusively) in North America, and railway, generally used in English-speaking countries outside North America and by the International Union of Railways. In English-speaking countries outside the United Kingdom, a mixture of US and UK terms may exist.

Various terms, both global and specific to individual countries, are listed here. The abbreviation "UIC" refers to terminology adopted by the International Union of Railways in its official publications and thesaurus.
Cortaderia jubata
Cortaderia jubata is a species of grass known by several common names, including purple pampas grass and Andean pampas grass. It is similar to its more widespread relative, the pampas grass C. selloana, but it can get quite a bit taller, approaching seven meters in height at maximum.

This grass is native to the northern Andes but it is well-known elsewhere as an invasive species noxious weed. This grass has only pistillate parts, that is, all individuals are female. It reproduces by apomixis, in which embryos develop without fertilization.

Apomixis
In botany, apomixis is asexual development of seed or embryo without fertilization.

Apomictically produced offspring are genetically identical to the parent plant, except in nonrecurrent apomixis.  Its etymology is Greek for "away from" + "mixing".

Normal asexual reproduction of plants, such as propagation from cuttings or leaves, has never been considered to be apomixis. In contrast to parthenocarpy, which involves seedless fruit formation without fertilization, apomictic fruits have viable seeds containing a proper embryo, with asexual origin.

In flowering plants, the term "apomixis" is used in a restricted sense to mean agamospermy, i.e. clonal reproduction through seeds. Although agamospermy could theoretically occur in gymnosperms, it appears to be absent in that group.

Some authors included all forms of asexual reproduction within apomixis, but that generalization of the term has since died out.
2021 Norwegian Third Division
The 2021 3. divisjon (referred to as Norsk Tipping-ligaen for sponsorship reasons) was a fourth-tier Norwegian football league season. The league consisted of 84 teams divided into 6 groups of 14 teams each. The season began in early August 2021. All teams played 13 matches instead of the normal 26. Furthermore, all reserve teams ("2" teams) were barred from promotion.

Norwegian Third Division
The Norwegian Third Division, also called Norsk Tipping-Ligaen, is the fourth highest division of the men's football league in Norway. Like the rest of the Norwegian football league system, the season runs from spring to autumn, running approximately from April to October. After the 2010 season, the league was reorganised, reducing the number of teams to 164 and halving the number of parallel sections from 24 to 12. After the 2016 season, the league was again reorganised, reducing the number of teams from 164 to 84, and halved the number of groups from twelve to six.

All six group winners promote to 2. divisjon, while the bottom four in all groups are relegated to 4. divisjon.
Cristiano Castelfranchi
Cristiano Castelfranchi (born 1944 in Rome) is an Associate Researcher at the Institute of Psychology of the Italian National Research Council. He teaches Cognitive Psychology and Artificial Intelligence at the University of Siena. In 2003, he was made a fellow at the European Coordinating Committee for Artificial Intelligence for pioneering work in Artificial Intelligence.

His research topic include:

autonomy and goal-oriented behavior, with an emphasis on anticipatory action-control

cognitive agent theory and architecture, with special focus on goals and their dynamics

cognitive foundations of social phenomena (trust, power, cooperation, norms, institutions, etc.)

cognitive approach to communication (semantics and pragmatics)

social cognition and emotions, with an emphasis on the cognitive anatomy of complex emotional states

multi-agent systems and social simulation, integrating cognitive, social and computer science

Goal
A goal or objective is an idea of the future or desired result that a person or a group of people envision, plan, and commit to achieve. People endeavour to reach goals within a finite time by setting deadlines.

A goal is roughly similar to a purpose or aim, the anticipated result which guides reaction, or an end, which is an object, either a physical object or an abstract object, that has intrinsic value.
Alice band
An Alice band is a type of hair accessory. It can consist of flexible horseshoe-shaped plastic or elastic material forming a loop. The band is designed to fit over the head and hold long hair away from the face, but let it hang freely at the back.

Glossary of shapes with metaphorical names
Many shapes have metaphorical names, i.e., their names are metaphors: these shapes are named after a most common object that has it. For example, "U-shape" is a shape that resembles the letter U, a bell-shaped curve has the shape of the vertical cross section of a bell, etc. These terms may variously refer to objects, their cross sections or projections.
Rawka, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship
Rawka [ˈrafka] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Słupia, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 3 km (2 mi) north-west of Słupia, 25 km (16 mi) west of Jędrzejów, and 56 km (35 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Jędrzejów County
Jędrzejów County (Polish: powiat jędrzejowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Jędrzejów, which lies 36 kilometres (22 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Sędziszów, lying 18 km (11 mi) west of Jędrzejów, and Małogoszcz, 21 km (13 mi) north of Jędrzejów.

The county covers an area of 1,257.17 square kilometres (485.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 84,049, out of which the population of Jędrzejów is 15,076, that of Sędziszów is 6,451, that of Małogoszcz is 3,748, and the rural population is 58,774.
Graph Coarsening Algorithm
A Graph Coarsening Algorithm is a family of metaheuristic algorithms used to reduce the size and complexity of a large graph while preserving its key structural properties. These algorithms form the core of multilevel frameworks, which transform complex optimization problems on massive graphs into smaller, more manageable ones.

The coarsening process involves merging nodes of a graph into clusters called supernodes and aggregating the edges between these clusters to create a new, smaller graph. This process is applied iteratively until the graph is small enough. Then, the original problem (such as partitioning or clustering) is solved on the final small graph, and the solution is progressively mapped back to the larger, original graphs.

Optimization problem
In mathematics, engineering, computer science and economics, an optimization problem is the problem of finding the best solution from all feasible solutions.

Optimization problems can be divided into two categories, depending on whether the variables are continuous or discrete:

An optimization problem with discrete variables is known as a discrete optimization, in which an object such as an integer, permutation or graph must be found from a countable set.

A problem with continuous variables is known as a continuous optimization, in which an optimal value from a continuous function must be found. They can include constrained problems and multimodal problems.
Savani
Savani is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cristian Savani (born 1982), Italian volleyball player

Francesco Savani (1723–1772), Italian painter

Mathur Savani (born 1963), Indian businessman and social worker

Francesco Savani
Francesco Savani  (1723 – 4 May 1772) Was an Italian quadratura painter of the Rococo period. He was born in Brescia, Republic of Venice, and active mainly there. When his father sent him to study letters and sciences at a Jesuit school, he entertained himself by drawing portraits of his teachers. His first art training was with Brescian painter Angelo Paglia. He then studied with Francesco Monti, who had come from Bologna to paint in the Chiesa della Pace. Savani's style ultimately came to reflect that of Giambattista Pittoni. Savani's works at Coccaglio were admired by Tiepolo. Savani died impoverished, said to have been brought to ruin by a prostitute.
Uzzi Reiss
Uzzi Reiss (Hebrew: עוזי רייס; born 1945 in Haifa) is an American private practice gynecologist offering anti-aging medicine services. He runs his California-based practice The Beverly Hills Anti-aging Center for Men and Women & Advanced Nutrition and Hormone-Based Gynecology.

He received his M.D. from Technion – Israel Institute of Technology in 1972, and completed his U.S. medical residency in obstetrics and gynecology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, where he served as chief resident of the department from 1979-1980. In 1982, Reiss opened a private practice marketed as a premenstrual syndrome (PMS) health center aimed at resolving the condition with hormones. Reiss has authored numerous books about women's health.

In 1997, Reiss opened the Beverly Hills Anti-Aging Center in California. He is board-certified by the American Academy of Anti-Aging Medicine, which is not recognized by established medical organizations such as the American Medical Association.

Obstetrics and gynaecology
Obstetrics and gynaecology (also spelled as obstetrics and gynecology; abbreviated as Obst and Gynae, O&G, OB-GYN and OB/GYN) is the medical specialty that encompasses the two subspecialties of obstetrics (covering pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period) and gynaecology (covering the health of the female reproductive system  – vagina, uterus, ovaries, and breasts). The specialization is an important part of care for women's health.

Postgraduate training programs for both fields are usually combined, preparing the practising obstetrician-gynecologist to be adept both at the care of female reproductive organs' health and at the management of pregnancy, although many doctors go on to develop subspecialty interests in one field or the other.
Çelebi
Çelebi (Turkish pronunciation: [tʃeleˈbi], Ottoman Turkish: چلبی) was an Ottoman title of respect, approximately corresponding to "gentleman", "well-mannered" or "courteous". Çelebi also means "man of God", as an i-suffixed derivative from çalab (Turkish pronunciation: [tʃaˈɫap]), which means "God" in Ottoman Turkish. German linguist and Turkologist Marcel Erdal, citing Baron Tiesenhausen, traces çalab back to Arabic djellaba "importer, trader, merchant" > "high social positions"; jallāb is derived from root j-l-b "to have brought, to import", ultimately from West Semitic root g-l-b "to catch, to fetch".

Turkology
Turkology (or Turcology or Turkic studies) is a complex of humanities sciences studying languages, history, literature, folklore, culture, and ethnology of people speaking Turkic languages and the Turkic peoples in chronological and comparative context. That includes ethnic groups from the Sakha, in eastern Siberia, to the Turks in the Balkans and the Gagauz, in Moldova.
Picrosia
Picrosia is a genus of South American plants in the tribe Cichorieae within the family Asteraceae.

Species

Picrosia cabreriana A.G.Schulz - Brazil (Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina), Paraguay (Amambay), Argentina (Chaco, Corrientes, Misiones)

Picrosia longifolia D.Don - northern + southern Argentina, Chile (Tarapaca), Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Central, Presudente Hayes, San Pedro), Uruguay (Montevideo), Peru (Lima), Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina)

Lima province
Lima (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈli.ma]), also called Metropolitan Lima (Spanish: Lima Metropolitana), is a province of the department of Lima, Peru. Located in its central coast, it operates under a quasi-autonomous special regime, and is thus not under the jurisdiction of the department's regional government. Its capital is Lima, which is also the nation's capital.

Despite its small area, this province is the major industrial and economic powerhouse of the Peruvian economy. It concentrates almost one-third of the country's population and 50% of Peru's GDP in 2012.
Viscofan
Viscofan is a Spanish company that manufactures casings for meat products, with operations in multiple countries. It produces four types of artificial casings: cellulose, collagen, fibrous, and plastic. The company has been listed on the Madrid Stock Exchange General Index since December 1986 and was previously part of the IBEX 35 index.

Mortadella
Mortadella (Italian: [mortaˈdɛlla]) is a large salume made of finely hashed or ground cured pork, which incorporates at least 15% small cubes of pork fat (principally the hard fat from the neck of the pig). It is traditionally flavoured with peppercorns, but modern versions can also contain pistachios or, less commonly, myrtle berries. The sausage is then cooked.

The best-known version of mortadella is mortadella Bologna PGI.
Mário Eloy
Mário Eloy (15 March 1900 in Algés – 5 September 1951 in Lisbon) was a Portuguese expressionist painter.

Eloy was born in Lisbon. His style shows the influence of painters like van Gogh, Picasso and, mostly, from the German expressionist painting, that he admired during his staying in Germany, from 1927 to 1932, especially Karl Hofer.

After returning to Portugal, he became the best representative from expressionism in the Portuguese painting. Some of his latter works, like "Enterro" (c. 1940), in his references, seems to anticipate the surrealism painting in Portugal.

In year 1944, he had to leave painting due to a serious mental disease and spent the rest of his life in a mental institution at Rio de Mouro, where he died.

Rio de Mouro
Rio de Mouro (European Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈʁi.u ðɨ ˈmoɾu]) is a town and civil parish in the municipality of Sintra, Portugal. It is located at a distance of 15 km from the capital, Lisbon. The population in 2011 was 47,311, in an area of 16.49 km2.
New Birmingham
New Birmingham (known locally as Brimigim or Glengoole, Irish: Gleann an Ghuail) is a small village of approximately 20 houses, in the civil parish of Kilcooly, and the Catholic parish of Gortnahoe and Glengoole, in County Tipperary, Ireland. It is located approximately 15 kilometres from Thurles and also on the R689 regional road between Urlingford and Fethard. It is within the townland of Glengoole (from Irish Gleann an Ghuail, meaning 'glen of the coal'), and is in the barony of Slievardagh.

Parish (Catholic Church)
In the Catholic Church, a parish (Latin: parochia) is a stable community of the faithful within a particular church, whose pastoral care has been entrusted to a parish priest (Latin: parochus), under the authority of the diocesan bishop. It is the lowest ecclesiastical subdivision in the Catholic episcopal polity, and the primary constituent unit of a diocese or eparchy. Parishes are extant in both the Latin and Eastern Catholic Churches. In the 1983 Code of Canon Law, parishes are constituted under cc. 515–552, entitled "Parishes, Pastors, and Parochial Vicars."