hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Danny Driscoll
Daniel Driscoll also known by his alias George Wallace (1855 – January 23, 1888) was an American criminal and co-leader of the Whyos Gang with Danny Lyons. The two held joint control over the street gang following the execution of Mike McGloin in 1883; however, both men were executed for separate murders only months apart from each other. They were the last powerful leaders of the organization and, following their downfall, the Whyos were eventually replaced by the Eastman and Five Points Gangs.

His arrest for the murder of well-known Five Points debutante Bridget "Beezy" Garrity during 1886 was followed by one of the most publicized trials of New York's history.

Eastman Gang
The Eastman Gang was a predominately Jewish-American street gang that dominated parts of the underworld in New York City during the late 1890s until the early 1910s. Along with the increasingly Italian-American and Italian immigrant Five Points Gang under Italian-American Paolo Antonio Vaccarelli, best known by his pseudonym Paul Kelly, the Eastman gang succeeded the long dominant Whyos as the first non-Irish street gang to gain prominence in the underworld during the 1890s. Its rise marked the beginning of a period of strong  Jewish-American influence within organized crime in New York City.

Under the leadership of Monk Eastman, a well known bouncer and hired thug, the Eastman Gang spent the next decade establishing a criminal empire in Manhattan's Lower East Side through criminal activities, including prostitution and illegal gambling. They operated stuss games, and established strong political connections through Tammany Hall.
Parole Board (England and Wales)
The Parole Board (Welsh: Y Bwrdd Parôl ar gyfer Cymru a Lloegr) was established in 1968 under the Criminal Justice Act 1967. It became an independent executive non-departmental public body (NDPB) on 1 July 1996 under the Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994. The Parole Board is governed by the Parole Board Rules 2016 made by Parliament under the Criminal Justice Act 2003. Parole Board members are appointed by the Secretary of State for Justice, but are required to take judicial decisions independent of Government.

The Parole Board's role is to make risk assessments about prisoners and to make a binding direction to Government about whether prisoners are released into the community on parole. The Parole Board must also give advice to Government when asked, most often about whether  offenders are ready to be moved to open prisons from the closed prison estate.

Secretary of state (United Kingdom)
His Majesty's principal secretaries of state, or secretaries of state, are senior ministers of the Crown in the Government of the United Kingdom. Secretaries of state head most major government departments and make up the majority of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom.
Temple of Vesta, Tivoli
The so-called Temple of Vesta is a small circular Roman temple (so a tholos) in Tivoli, Italy, dating to the early 1st century BC. Its ruins are dramatically sited on the acropolis of the Etruscan and Roman city, overlooking the falls of the Aniene and a picturesque narrow gully.

The temple's capitals have been much admired and imitated and their variation of the Corinthian order sometimes called the "Tivoli order". They have two rows of acanthus leaves, and its abacus is decorated with oversize fleurons in the form of hibiscus flowers (probably intended to be Hibiscus syriacus) with pronounced spiral pistils.  The column flutes have flat tops.  The frieze exhibits fruit swags suspended between bucrania. Above each swag is a rosette.  The cornice does not have modillions.

The site now forms part of the Villa Gregoriana park.

Abacus (architecture)
In architecture, an abacus (from the Ancient Greek ἄβαξ (ábax), 'slab'; or French abaque, tailloir; pl.: abacuses or abaci) is a flat slab forming the uppermost member or division of the capital of a column, above the bell.  Its chief function is to provide a large supporting surface, tending to be wider than the capital, as an abutment to receive the weight of the arch or the architrave above. The diminutive of abacus, abaculus, is used to describe small mosaic tiles, also called abaciscus or tessera, used to create ornamental floors with detailed patterns of chequers or squares in a tessellated pavement.
Channa Mereya (film)
Channa Mereya (transl. The light of my soul) is a 2017 Indian Punjabi-language romantic drama film directed by Pankaj Batra. It is a remake of the Marathi film Sairat (2016). The film's title is inspired by a song of the same name from Bollywood film Ae Dil Hai Mushkil (2016).

Yograj Singh
Yograj Singh (pronunciationⓘ; born 25 March 1958) is an Indian actor and former cricketer who played one Test and six One Day Internationals for India as a right-arm fast-medium bowler. His debut and only Test was at Wellington against New Zealand, which India lost by 62 runs. Yograj only bowled in the first inning and took one wicket, which remains his only Test wicket. After his cricketer career ended due to injury, he entered the Punjabi and Hindi film industries. His son, Yuvraj Singh, was a member of the Indian cricket team from 2000 to 2017. Yograj hails from the village of Kanech, right next to Doraha, in Punjab's Ludhiana District.

He has worked on Bollywood movies like Teen Thay Bhai, Singh is Bling and Bhaag Milkha Bhaag.
Constant Contact
Constant Contact, Inc. is an online marketing company, headquartered in Waltham, Massachusetts, with additional offices in Boston, Massachusetts; Loveland, Colorado; Gainesville, Florida; Los Angeles, California; Brisbane, Australia; Waterloo, Canada; and, London, England.

The company was founded in 1995 by Randy Parker and was later sold to Endurance International in 2015. As of 2021 it had been acquired by ClearLake Investments.

Waterloo, Ontario
Waterloo is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario. It is one of three cities in the Regional Municipality of Waterloo (formerly Waterloo County). Waterloo is situated about 94 km (58 mi) west-southwest of Toronto, but it is not considered to be part of the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). Due to the close proximity of the city of Kitchener to Waterloo, the two together are often referred to as "Kitchener–Waterloo", "K-W", or "The Twin Cities". Nearby Cambridge, Ontario is also sometimes grouped in, creating KWC or "Tri-cities".

While several unsuccessful attempts to combine the municipalities of Kitchener and Waterloo have been made, following the 1973 establishment of the Region of Waterloo, less motivation to do so existed, and as a result, Waterloo remains an independent city. At the time of the 2021 census, the population of Waterloo was 121,436.
Trigae
There are two triga sculptures installed on the roof corners of the National Theatre in Prague, Czech Republic. The horses are controlled by the winged goddess Victoria. The sculptures were proposed and modeled by Czech sculptor Bohuslav Schnirch (1845–1901) and created by Ladislav Šaloun (1870–1946). The works were installed in 1911. Šaloun's wife, Julia, served as the model for Victoria. The statues were renovated several times, most recently in 2008.

Victoria (mythology)
In ancient Roman religion Victoria was the deified personification of victory. She first appeared during the first Punic War, seemingly as a Romanised re-naming of Nike, the goddess of victory associated with Rome's Greek allies in the Greek mainland and in Magna Graecia. Thereafter she comes to symbolise Rome's eventual hegemony and right to rule. She is a deified abstraction, entitled to a cult. But unlike Nike, she has virtually no mythology of her own.
Optional information line
An optional information line is a line above the postal address on mail in the United States.  The lines are usually seen on bulk mail to indicate the sorting and separation that allows the mail to have a lower postal rate.

Examples of bulk mail that have information lines include First-Class Mail, periodicals, USPS Marketing Mail, and bound printed matter.

Possible optional information lines include the optional endorsement line (OEL), an address change service (ACS) participant code, carrier route information, and a mailer's keyline.

Address
An address is a collection of information, presented in a mostly fixed format, used to give the location of a building, apartment, or other structure or a plot of land, generally using political boundaries and street names as references, along with other identifiers such as house or apartment numbers and organization name. Some addresses also contain special codes, such as a postal code, to make identification easier and aid in the routing of mail.

Addresses provide a means of physically locating a building.  They are used in identifying buildings as the end points of a postal system and as parameters in statistics collection, especially in census-taking and the insurance industry. Address formats are different in different places, and unlike latitude and longitude coordinates, there is no simple mapping from an address to a location.
Julius Ashkin
Julius Ashkin (August 23, 1920 – June 4, 1982) was a leader in experimental and theoretical physics known for furthering the evolution of particle physics from nuclear physics. As a theoretical physicist he made contributions in the fields of statistical mechanics, solid state physics, nuclear physics, and elementary particle physics. As an experimental physicist his main contributions concerned the passage of certain particles (pi-mesons, or pions) through solid matter and their subsequent decay. He was recognized for the quality of his research and teaching.

Solid-state physics
Solid-state physics is the study of rigid matter, or solids, through methods such as solid-state chemistry, quantum mechanics, crystallography, electromagnetism, and metallurgy. It is the largest branch of condensed matter physics. Solid-state physics studies how the large-scale properties of solid materials result from their atomic-scale properties. Thus, solid-state physics forms a theoretical basis of materials science. Along with solid-state chemistry, it also has direct applications in the technology of transistors and semiconductors.
Bertram Larsen
Bertram Larsen was a leading Danish manufacturer of tower clocks. The firm created a vast number of tower clocks and Carillons for Danish churches, castles and manor houses, town halls, railway stations, and other landmark buildings. It was also responsible for the restoration of a significant number of historic clocks, including Lund astronomical clock in Lund Cathedral in 1909–1923.

Church of Our Saviour, Copenhagen
The Church of Our Saviour (Danish: Vor Frelsers Kirke; [vɒ ˈfʁælsɐs ˈkiɐ̯kə]) is a baroque church in Copenhagen, Denmark, most famous for the external spiral winding staircase that can be climbed to the top, offering extensive views over central Copenhagen. It is also noted for its carillon, which plays melodies every hour from 8 am to midnight.
Ectoplasmic specialisation
Ectoplasmic specializations are actin-related cell–cell junctions present in the testicular seminiferous epithelium and occur during spermatogenesis. These junctions are located at the Sertoli–Sertoli cell interface and Sertoli-elongating spermatid interface, which occur during the seminiferous epithelial cycle of spermatogenesis. There must be vast reconstructing of the anchoring junctions such as the ectoplasmic specializations within the testes. The reconstruction of these junctions is important because it facilitates the migration of the developing germ cells across the seminiferous epithelium

Germ cell
A germ cell is any cell that gives rise to the gametes of an organism that reproduces sexually. In many animals, the germ cells originate in the primitive streak and migrate via the gut of an embryo to the developing gonads. There, they undergo meiosis, followed by cellular differentiation into mature gametes, either eggs or sperm. Unlike animals, plants do not have germ cells designated in early development. Instead, germ cells can arise from somatic cells in the adult, such as the floral meristem of flowering plants.
Solofo Randrianja
Solofo Randrianja is a Malagasy scholar and historian of Madagascar. He is currently a professor at University of Toamasina and, with Stephen Ellis, wrote Madagascar: A Short History, a foundational reference work for the field.

Scholar
A scholar is a person who is a researcher or has expertise in an academic discipline. A scholar can also be an academic, who works as a professor, teacher, or researcher at a university. An academic usually holds an advanced degree or a terminal degree, such as a master's degree or a doctorate. Independent scholars and public intellectuals work outside the academy yet may publish in academic journals and participate in scholarly public discussion.
Jeremy Jones (activist)
Jeremy Jones AM (1958–2023) was a prominent Australian Jewish leader, interfaith activist, and director of the Australia/Israel & Jewish Affairs Council (AIJAC). He also served as president of the Executive Council of Australian Jewry (ECAJ).

Executive Council of Australian Jewry
The Executive Council of Australian Jewry (ECAJ) is a peak body representing the Australian Jewish community, and the umbrella organisation for over 200 Jewish organisations across Australia. It is the Australian affiliate of the World Jewish Congress, the worldwide umbrella organisation of Jewish communities. It is also affiliated with the Commonwealth Jewish Council, the Euro-Asian Jewish Congress, the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany, and the Memorial Foundation for Jewish Culture.
Elizabeth Tartakovsky
Elizabeth Tartakovsky (born May 24, 2000) is an American saber fencer.  She represented the United States at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France, in the Women's sabre and Women's team sabre on July 29 and August 3, 2024.

Sabre (fencing)
The sabre (US English: saber, both pronounced /ˈseɪbər/) is one of the three disciplines of modern fencing alongside foil & epee. The sabre weapon is for thrusting and cutting with both the cutting edge and the back of the blade (unlike the other modern fencing weapons, the épée and foil, where a touch is scored only using the point of the blade).

The informal term sabre fencer refers to sabre fencers of both genders.
Keroa Union
Keroa Union (Bengali: কেরোয়া ইউনিয়ন) is a union parishad under Raipur Upazila of Lakshmipur District in the Chittagong Division of eastern Bangladesh. It has ten wards and covers an area of 4,140 acres (17 km2).  There are four villages in the union: Enayetpur, Keroa, Lamchari, and Ludhua.

Lakshmipur District
Lakshmipur District (Bengali: লক্ষ্মীপুর জেলা; Bengali pronunciation: [lokʰːiˈpur]) is a district in Bangladesh with an area of 1,440 km2. It is bordered by Chandpur to the north, Bhola and Noakhali districts to the south, Noakhali to the east, and Barisal and Bhola districts to the west. Lakshmipur was part of Noakhali until 15 February 1984, when the western part of Noakhali was reorganised from Lakshmipur subdivision into Lakshmipur district to improve administrative efficiency.
Komarno, Ukraine
Komarno (Ukrainian: Комарно [koˈmɑrno] ⓘ; Polish: Komarno; Yiddish: קאָמאַרנע) is a city located in Lviv Raion (district) of Lviv Oblast (region) in western Ukraine. Local government is administered by Komarno City Council. It hosts the administration of Komarno urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The population is approximately 3,653 (2022 estimate).

Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast (Ukrainian: Львівська область, romanized: Lvivska oblast, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (Ukrainian: Львівщина, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast in western Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is 2,478,133 (2022 estimate).
Finland at the 2017 Summer Universiade
Finland participated at the 2017 Summer Universiade in Taipei, Taiwan, from 19 to 30 August 2017. The team won one gold medal – by Ari-Pekka Liukkonen in the men's 50 metre freestyle swimming event – and three other medals in athletics events.

Floor (gymnastics)
In gymnastics, the floor is a specially prepared exercise surface, considered an apparatus. The floor exercise (English abbreviation FX) is the event performed on the floor, in both women's and men's artistic gymnastics (WAG and MAG). The same floor is used for WAG FX and MAG FX, but rules and scoring differ; most obviously, a WAG FX routine is synchronised to a piece of recorded dance music, whereas MAG FX has no musical accompaniment.

A spring floor is used in all gymnastics to provide more bounce and help prevent potential injuries to gymnasts' lower extremity joints due to the nature of the apparatus, which includes the repeated pounding required to train it. Cheerleading also uses spring floors for practice. The sprung floor used for indoor athletics is designed to reduce bounce.
Baike Quan Shuo
Baike Quanshuo is a Chinese variety show produced by Hunan Broadcasting System. The series debuted on November 30, 2009. The show was hosted by Xie Na (until February 8, 2010) and Li Weijia. It was broadcast every Monday through Thursday at 7:30 pm. After Xie Na left the show, she was replaced by Fang Qiong.

Xie Na
Xie Na (simplified Chinese: 谢娜; traditional Chinese: 謝娜; pinyin: Xiè Nà; born May 6, 1981) is a Chinese host, singer and actress. She is best known for having co-hosted the Hunan Satellite TV program Happy Camp. She holds the Guinness World Records for the first person to accumulate 100 million followers on Weibo and most followers on Weibo.
University of Rijeka
The University of Rijeka (Croatian: Sveučilište u Rijeci) is in the city of Rijeka, Croatia, with faculties in cities throughout the regions of Primorje, Istria and Lika.

The University of Rijeka is composed of eleven faculties, one art academy, two departments, university libraries and the Student Centre Rijeka (SCRI).

Master of Education
The Master of Education (MEd or M.Ed. or Ed.M.; Latin Magister Educationis or Educationis Magister) is a master's degree awarded by universities in many countries. This degree in education often includes the following majors: curriculum and instruction, counseling, school psychology, and administration. It is often conferred for educators advancing in their field. Similar degrees (providing qualifications for similar careers) include the Master of Arts in Education (MAEd or M.A.Ed. or M.A.E.) and the Master of Science in Education (M.S.Ed. or MScEd or M.Sc.Ed. or M.S.E.).
Yamen, Guangdong
Yamen (simplified Chinese: 崖门镇; traditional Chinese: 崖門鎮; pinyin: Yámén Zhèn) is a town in the south of Xinhui District of Jiangmen, Guangdong, China. It covers an area of 318 square kilometres (123 mi2), and had a population of 41,605 per the 2000 Chinese Census.

Jiangmen
Jiangmen (Chinese: 江门), alternately romanized in Cantonese as Kongmoon, is a prefecture-level city in Guangdong Province in southern China. It consists of three urban districts (Pengjiang, Jianghai, Xinhui), Heshan, and the more rural Siyi (Xinhui, Taishan, Kaiping, and Enping), which is the ancestral homeland (侨乡, qiao'xiang) of approximately 4 million overseas Chinese.  As of the 2020 census, Jiangmen had a total population of about 4,798,090. Its urban region, consisting of Pengjiang, Jianghai, and Heshan, had 2,657,062 inhabitants.
Athletics at the 2015 Pan American Games – Men's discus throw
The men's discus throw competition of the athletics events at the 2015 Pan American Games took place on July 23 at the CIBC Pan Am and Parapan Am Athletics Stadium. The defending Pan American Games champion was Jorge Fernandez of Cuba.

York Lions Stadium
43°46′30″N 79°30′25″W﻿ / ﻿43.775°N 79.507°W﻿ / 43.775; -79.507

York Lions Stadium is an outdoor sports stadium on the Keele Campus of Toronto's York University in the former city of North York. It is home to the York Lions, the varsity teams of York University, the Toronto Arrows of Major League Rugby and Inter Toronto of the Canadian Premier League. The facility was primarily built for the 2015 Pan American and Parapan American Games, where it hosted track and field events and the opening ceremony. In 2021, the stadium's running track was removed to expand the playing surface used for football and soccer.
Downtown Roanoke
Downtown is the central business district of Roanoke, Virginia, United States. Developed after the completion of the Shenandoah Valley Railroad in 1882, the Downtown core forms the geographic center of the city and the center of business for the Roanoke Valley and Southwest Virginia, the Roanoke City Market, the Roanoke Downtown Historic District and many other attractions and amenities.

Interstate 581
Interstate 581 (I-581) is a spur of I-81 into Roanoke, Virginia, completely overlapping US Route 220 (US 220). It was planned to be connected to I-73. Future I-73 Corridor signs have been marked on I-581 on the southbound side just after exit 2.
Scheffel
The Scheffel was the German bushel.

Scheffel is also used as a German surname. Notable people include:

David Scheffel, Canadian anthropologist

Johan Henrik Scheffel (1690-1781), Swedish artist

Joseph Viktor von Scheffel (1826–1886), German poet and novelist

Mark Scheffel (born 1959), American politician

Michael Scheffel (born 1958), professor for the history of modern German literature

Rudolf Scheffel (1915–1983), German Luftwaffe ace

Tom Scheffel (born 1994), German footballer

Mark Scheffel
Mark Scheffel is an American politician and a former Majority Leader of the Colorado Senate. First elected to the Colorado State Senate as a Republican in 2008, Scheffel represented Senate District 4 in Douglas County, which encompasses Castle Rock, Larkspur, Parker, Franktown, and Castle Pines. Term limited, he did not run for re-election in the 2016 elections, so his term ended in January, 2017.
Pollux Temple
Pollux Temple is a 6,251-foot-elevation (1,905-meter) summit in the Grand Canyon, in Coconino County of northern Arizona, US. It is situated ten miles northwest of Grand Canyon Village, and less than one mile northeast of Jicarilla Point. Castor Temple is one mile northwest, and Diana Temple is one mile southeast. Topographic relief is significant as Pollux Temple rises nearly 4,000 feet (1,200 meters) above the Colorado River in less than two miles. Pollux Temple is named for Pollux, the divine son of Zeus according to Greek mythology. Clarence Dutton began the practice of naming geographical features in the Grand Canyon after mythological deities. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Pollux Temple is located in a Cold semi-arid climate zone.

Terrain
Terrain (from Latin  terra 'earth'), alternatively relief or topographical relief, is the dimension and shape of a given surface of a land. In physical geography, terrain is the lay of the land. This is usually expressed in terms of the elevation, slope, and orientation of terrain features. Terrain affects surface water flow and distribution. Over a large area, it can affect weather and climate patterns. Bathymetry is the study of underwater relief, while hypsometry studies terrain relative to sea level.
Mouthcard, Kentucky
Mouthcard is a small unincorporated community in Pike County, Kentucky, United States near the Virginia state line. It lies on the Levisa Fork River of the Big Sandy River in the heart of the Appalachians. U.S. Route 460 runs through Mouthcard to meet U.S. Route 23 in Pikeville, the county seat.

Levisa Fork
The Levisa Fork (also known as the Levisa Fork River or the Levisa Fork of the Big Sandy River) is a tributary of the Big Sandy River, approximately 164 miles (264 km) long, in southwestern Virginia and eastern Kentucky in the United States.