hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
ITIES
In electrochemistry, ITIES (interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions) is an electrochemical interface that is either polarisable or polarised. An ITIES is polarisable if one can change the Galvani potential difference, or in other words the difference of inner potentials between the two adjacent phases, without noticeably changing the chemical composition of the respective phases (i.e. without noticeable electrochemical reactions taking place at the interface). An ITIES system is polarised if the distribution of the different charges and redox species between the two phases determines the Galvani potential difference.

Usually, one electrolyte is an aqueous electrolyte composed of hydrophilic ions such as NaCl dissolved in water and the other electrolyte is a lipophilic salt such as tetrabutylammonium tetraphenylborate dissolved in an organic solvent immiscible with water such as nitrobenzene, or 1,2-dichloroethane.

Tetrabutylammonium
Tetrabutylammonium is a quaternary ammonium cation with the formula [N(C4H9)4]+, also denoted [NBu4]+ (where Bu = butyl group). It is used in the research laboratory to prepare lipophilic salts of inorganic anions. Relative to tetraethylammonium derivatives, tetrabutylammonium salts are more lipophilic but crystallize less readily.
Bidheshwor Prasad Yadav
Bidheshwor Prasad Yadav (Nepali: बिदेश्वर प्रसाद यादव) is a Nepalese politician who is former member of Provincial Assembly of Madhesh Province from People's Socialist Party, Nepal. Yadav, a resident of Dakneshwori Municipality, Saptari was elected to the 2017 provincial assembly election from Saptari 3(B).

People's Socialist Party, Nepal (2020)
The People's Socialist Party, Nepal (abbr. PSP-N; Nepali: जनता समाजवादी पार्टी, नेपाल), also known as Janata Samajbadi Party, Nepal  is the seventh largest political party in Nepal. Since the 2022 local election, the party had been limited to stand only as the third largest party of Madhesh Province after the Nepali Congress and CPN (UML) respectively.

With 9 out of 275 seats in the lower house and 3 out of 59 seats in the upper house National Assembly, the party is the seventh largest political party in the Federal Parliament. While Mahantha Thakur serves as patron of the party, Upendra Yadav serves as the party chairman.
Operation PowerOFF
Operation PowerOFF is an ongoing joint operation by the FBI, EUROPOL, the Dutch National Police Corps, German Federal Criminal Police Office, Poland Cybercrime Police and the UK National Crime Agency to close "booter/stresser" services offering DDoS attack services for hire. Beginning in 2018, the operation shut down 48 websites offering DDoS services, and six people were arrested in the United States. Multiple companies, including Cloudflare, PayPal, and DigitalOcean provided information to the FBI to assist in the seizure.

PayPal
PayPal Holdings, Inc. is an American multinational financial technology company that operates an online payments system in the majority of countries that support online money transfers; it serves as an electronic alternative to traditional paper methods such as checks and money orders. The company operates as a payment processor for online vendors, auction sites and many other commercial and company users.

Established in 1998 as Confinity, PayPal went public through an IPO in 2002. It became a wholly owned subsidiary of eBay later that year, valued at $1.5 billion. In 2015, eBay spun off PayPal to its shareholders, and PayPal became an independent company again. The company was ranked 143rd on the 2022 Fortune 500 of the largest United States corporations by revenue. Since 2023, PayPal is a member of the MACH Alliance.
Sunbeam Crusader
The Sunbeam Crusader, originally known as the Sunbeam 150 hp, Sunbeam 110 hp or Sunbeam 100 hp (variations on the engine may also have been referred to as Sunbeam 120 hp or Sunbeam 135 hp), was an early British, side-valve, water-cooled, V-8 aero engine first marketed in 1913.

Bore (engine)
In a piston engine, the bore (or cylinder bore) is the diameter of each cylinder.

Engine displacement is calculated based on bore, stroke length and the number of cylinders:

displacement = π (⁠1/2⁠ × bore)2 × stroke × ncylinders

The stroke ratio, determined by dividing the bore by the stroke, traditionally indicated whether an engine was designed for power at high engine speeds (rpm) or torque at lower engine speeds. The term "bore" can also be applied to the bore of a locomotive cylinder or steam engine pistons.
Clarinet Concerto (Hindemith)
The Clarinet Concerto by Paul Hindemith was premiered on 11 December 1950 by Benny Goodman, for whom it was composed in 1947, with the Philadelphia Orchestra, conducted by Eugene Ormandy. The composer commented that "I tried to give Benny a pleasant and very 'clarinetistic' piece, a piece he would enjoy playing and that would convey his mellow and meaningful virtuosity to the listener." The concerto has four movements and is composed in a "quasi-neo-classical manner". The movements are a sonata-allegro, a scherzo, a variation, and a rondo.

Benny Goodman
Benjamin David Goodman (May 30, 1909 – June 13, 1986) was an American jazz clarinetist and bandleader, known as the "King of Swing". His orchestra did well commercially.

From 1935 until the mid-1940s, Goodman led one of the most popular swing big bands in the United States. His concert at Carnegie Hall in New York City on January 16, 1938, is described by critic Bruce Eder as "the single most important jazz or popular music concert in history: jazz's 'coming out' party to the world of 'respectable' music."

Goodman's bands started the careers of many jazz musicians. During an era of racial segregation, he led one of the first integrated jazz groups, his trio and quartet. He continued performing until the end of his life while pursuing an interest in classical music.
The Second World (TV series)
Second World (Korean: 두 번째 세계) is a South Korean reality competition program created by JTBC. It premiered on JTBC on August 30, 2022, and aired for four months over a total of 10 episodes. The premise of the show involves eight female K-pop rappers competing against each other to showcase their vocal abilities. The winner was Moonbyul, with Exy finishing as runner-up.

JTBC
JTBC (shortened from Joongang Tongyang Broadcasting Company; Korean: 제이티비씨; stylized in all lowercase) is a South Korean nationwide pay television network. Its primary shareholder is JoongAng Holdings, with a 25% stake. It was launched on December 1, 2011. JTBC is a generalist channel, with programming consisting of television series, variety shows, and news broadcasting; its news division is held in similar regard to the three main terrestrial networks in South Korea.

In 2011, JTBC was one of four new South Korean nationwide generalist cable TV networks alongside The Dong-A Ilbo's Channel A, The Chosun Ilbo's TV Chosun and Maeil Business Newspaper's MBN. They serve as supplementary networks to the existing conventional free-to-air TV networks like KBS, MBC, SBS and other smaller channels launched following deregulation in 1990.
Bush Hill
Bush Hill may relate to

Bush Hill, a cold seep in the northern Gulf of Mexico (Green Canyon block 185) famous for its bushes of tube worms

Bush Hill, Gauteng, in South Africa

Bush Hill Park, a neighborhood of the London Borough of Enfield

Bush Hill Park railway station in the neighborhood
Bush Hill Rangers F.C., defunct football club from Enfield

Bush Hill, the estate of Andrew Hamilton in Philadelphia

Bush Hill Historic District in Brooklyn, Connecticut

Cold seep
A cold seep (sometimes called a cold vent) is an area of the ocean floor where seepage of fluids rich in hydrogen sulfide, methane, and other hydrocarbons occurs, often in the form of a brine pool. Cold does not mean that the temperature of the seepage is lower than that of the surrounding sea water; on the contrary, its temperature is often slightly higher. The "cold" is relative to the very warm (at least 60 °C or 140 °F) conditions of a hydrothermal vent. Cold seeps constitute a biome supporting several endemic species.

Cold seeps develop unique topography over time, where reactions between methane and seawater create carbonate rock formations and reefs. These reactions may also be dependent on bacterial activity. Ikaite, a hydrous calcium carbonate, can be associated with oxidizing methane at cold seeps.
Lewis Brown (basketball)
Lewis Brown (February 19, 1955 – September 14, 2011) was an American basketball player.

Brown played collegiately for the University of Nevada, Las Vegas. He was selected by the Milwaukee Bucks in the 4th round (69th pick overall) of the 1977 NBA draft and played two games in 1980–81 for the Washington Bullets in the NBA.

UNLV Runnin' Rebels basketball
The UNLV Runnin' Rebels are the men's basketball team that represent the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, in the Mountain West Conference of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA); it plays at the Thomas & Mack Center on campus. As of 2023, UNLV has the seventh-highest winning percentage (.687) in Division I history. UNLV is 33–19 all-time in the NCAA tournament with a 63.5 winning percentage. In July 2008, ESPNU named the program the eighth most prestigious collegiate basketball program in the nation since the 1984–85 season.
Nisko Municipal Cemetery
Nisko Municipal Cemetery (Polish: Cmentarz Komunalny w Nisku) is a necropolis located in Barce, Nisko at Bartosz Głowacki Street, it is the only active cemetery in the town.

The cemetery is managed by the Municipality and Town of Nisko.

Wojciech Bartosz Głowacki
Wojciech Bartos(z) Głowacki (1758–1794), known also as Bartosz Głowacki, was a Polish peasant and the most famous member of the kosynierzy (peasant infantry) during the Kościuszko Uprising in 1794. Born as Wojciech Bartosz, he became a Polish national hero during the battle of Racławice on 4 April 1794, when he captured a Russian cannon by putting out the fuse with his hat. For this, he was promoted to the rank of chorąży and received the surname 'Głowacki'. He was mortally wounded during the Battle of Szczekociny on 6 June that year. Since then he has become one of the symbols of the Uprising and Polish valor.
Sara Sabry
Sara Sabry (born May 23, 1993) is an Egyptian engineer, citizen astronaut, and entrepreneur. In 2022, as part of the Blue Origin NS-22 mission, she became the first Egyptian to travel into space, as well as the first African and Arab woman. She is also the founder and CEO of the Deep Space Initiative, a non-profit organization.

In 2021, she completed a two-week Moon mission simulation, and has also completed an astronaut training program at Florida Tech, making her the first Egyptian woman qualified to conduct research in sub-orbital space.

Sabry is an international keynote speaker, sharing her experiences in entrepreneurship, space travel, technology, and overcoming personal obstacles. She researches planetary spacesuits with the NASA-funded Human Spaceflight Lab at the University of North Dakota.

Astronaut training
Astronaut training describes the complex process of preparing astronauts in regions around the world for their space missions before, during and after the flight, which includes medical tests, physical training, extra-vehicular activity (EVA) training, wilderness survival training, water survival training, robotics training, procedure training, rehabilitation process, as well as training on experiments they will perform during their stay in space.

Virtual and physical training facilities have been integrated to familiarize astronauts with the conditions they will encounter during all phases of flight and prepare astronauts for a microgravity environment. Special considerations must be made during training to ensure a safe and successful mission, which is why the Apollo astronauts received training for geology field work on the Lunar surface and why research is being conducted on best practices for future extended missions, such as the trip to Mars.
Eliab B. Dean Jr.
Eliab Byram Dean Jr., (November 7, 1819 – July 22, 1900) was an American businessman, Democratic politician, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He served as Superintendent of Public Property under Governor William Robert Taylor, and was a member of the Wisconsin State Senate for the 1851 and 1852 sessions, representing Dane County.  In historic documents, his name is frequently abbreviated as E. B. Dean.

Dane County, Wisconsin
Dane County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 561,504, making it the second-most populous county in Wisconsin after Milwaukee County. Dane County is the fastest growing county in Wisconsin. It contains nearly 10% of the population of Wisconsin, and it only contained 5% of Wisconsin's population in 1950.

The county seat is Madison, which is also the state capital. Dane County is the central county of the Madison metropolitan area, as well as the Madison–Janesville–Beloit combined statistical area.
FutureWorld (Milton Keynes)
FutureWorld was a housing exhibition held in Milton Keynes in June and July 1994 demonstrating new trends and technologies in housing. The exhibition was open air and included a number of completed houses that were sold after the exhibition and are now part of housing area in Milton Keynes.

FutureWorld was the third housing exhibition in Milton Keynes, following Homeworld 81 in 1981 and Energy World in 1986. A site was selected in Kents Hill near the Open University and was sponsored by National House Building Council.

National House Building Council
The National House Building Council (NHBC), established in 1936, is the UK's largest provider of new home warranties. NHBC is also the UK's largest single Approved Inspector for Building Regulations. Other activities include the provision of services linked to house building and general construction; health and safety, sustainability and training.  It also provides industry statistics and benchmarking services.

The NHBC is a non-profit distributing company, so reinvests 'profit' in its activities to improve the quality of new homes to protect the interests of homeowners.

NHBC is authorised and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) and the Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA).
Ben Branch
Ben F. Branch (January 8, 1928 – August 27, 1987) was an American entrepreneur, jazz tenor saxophonist, and bandleader.

Although known as the last person Martin Luther King Jr. spoke to moments before his assassination in 1968, Branch had been a jazz bandleader for many years.

Bandleader
A bandleader is the leader of a music group such as a dance band, rock or pop band or jazz quartet. The term is most commonly used with a group that plays popular music as a small combo or a big band, such as one which plays jazz, blues, rhythm and blues or rock and roll music. Most bandleaders are also performers with their own band, either as singers or as instrumentalists, playing an instrument such as electric guitar, piano, or other instruments.
Hōsono Station
Hōsono Station (祝園駅, Hōsono-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the town of  Seika, Soraku District, Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West) and there is a transfer at this station to the nearby Shin-Hōsono Station on Kintetsu Kyoto Line.

Sōraku District, Kyoto
Sōraku (相楽郡, Sōraku-gun) is a district in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2007, the district had an estimated population of 44,982 and a density of 252.27 persons per km2. The total area is 178.31 km2.
Little Hastings Tract
Little Hastings Tract is a mostly submerged island in the Sacramento–San Joaquin River Delta. It is in Solano County, California. Its coordinates are 38°15′02″N 121°41′32″W﻿ / ﻿38.25056°N 121.69222°W﻿ / 38.25056; -121.69222﻿ (Little Hastings Tract), and the United States Geological Survey gave its elevation as 0 ft (0 m) in 1981. It appears, above water, on a 1978 USGS map.

Solano County, California
Solano County (/səˈlɑːnoʊ/ ⓘ) is a county in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, its population was 453,491. The county seat is Fairfield.

Solano County comprises the Vallejo–Fairfield metropolitan statistical area, which is also included in the San Jose–San Francisco–Oakland, combined statistical area. Solano County is the northeastern county in the nine-county San Francisco Bay Area region.
Romy Eggimann
Romy Eggimann (born 29 September 1995) is a Swiss ice hockey forward who plays with the Ladies Team Lugano in the Swiss Women's Hockey League A (SWHL A) and internationally for the Swiss women's national team. She has represented Switzerland at the Winter Olympics in 2014 and won the bronze medal after defeating Sweden in the bronze medal playoff.

Switzerland women's national ice hockey team
The Swiss women's national ice hockey team represents Switzerland at the International Ice Hockey Federation's IIHF World Women's Championships. The women's national team is controlled by the Swiss Ice Hockey Federation.
Initial dropping
Initial dropping is a sound change whereby the first consonants of words are dropped. Additionally, stress may shift from the first to the second syllable, and the first vowel may be shortened, reduced, or dropped, which can mean the loss of the entire first syllable of a word. These changes have occurred independently in several Australian Aboriginal language groups.

Initial dropping may affect all initial consonants, or only some or one of them. It may affect all words that start with those consonants, or sporadically affect some words and not others. In some languages, it seems to have only affected interjections, and words commonly used as vocatives such as pronouns and kin terms. Like all sound changes, it may affect an entire language or just some dialects, and may affect multiple adjacent languages or dialects.

Vowel
A vowel (/ˈvaʊ.əl/) is a speech sound pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract. Vowels are one of the two principal classes of speech sounds, the other being the consonant. Vowels vary in quality, loudness, and length. They are usually voiced and are closely involved in prosodic variation such as tone, intonation and stress. The nucleus, or "center", of a syllable typically consists of a vowel sound (though this is not always the case).

The word vowel comes from the Latin word vocalis, meaning "vocal" (i.e. relating to the voice). 
In English, the word vowel is commonly used to refer both to vowel sounds and to the written symbols that represent them: ⟨a⟩, ⟨e⟩, ⟨i⟩, ⟨o⟩, ⟨u⟩, and sometimes ⟨y⟩, and ⟨w⟩.
Soapbush
Soapbush or soap bush can mean:

Clidemia hirta, native to the American Neotropics, also found in Australia, Southern Asia and East Africa.

Noltea africana, native to Southern Africa.

Acacia holosericea (soapbush wattle), native to Australia.

Trymalium odoratissimum (karri hazel), native to Western Australia.

Guaiacum angustifolium, native to North America.

Ceanothus integerrimus (more commonly known as deer bush), native to North America.

Rhigozum trichotomum (Khalahari soapbush), native to Southern Africa.

Helinus integrifolius (also known as soap plant or soap creeper), native to Southern Africa.

Guaiacum angustifolium
Guaiacum angustifolium is a species of flowering plant in the caltrop family, Zygophyllaceae. Common names include Texas guaiacum, Texas lignum-vitae, soapbush and huayacán. It is native to southern and western Texas in the United States and northern Mexico. The specific name is derived from the Latin angustus, meaning "narrow," and -folius, meaning "-leaved".
Triatoma carrioni
Triatoma carrioni is a blood-sucking bug and probable vector of the flagellate protozoan that causes Chagas disease. It was discovered by F. Larrousse in 1926.

Type: National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC.

Paratype M: FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro.

Type locality: Loja Province, Ecuador.

Distribution: South Ecuador, North Peru.

Biology: silvatic, rodent nests and opossum lodges; also peridomestic, and occasionally in houses.

Flagellate
A flagellate is a cell or organism with one or more whip-like appendages called flagella. The word flagellate also describes a particular construction (or level of organization) characteristic of many prokaryotes and eukaryotes and their means of motion. The term presently does not imply any specific relationship or classification of the organisms that possess flagella. However, several derivations of the term "flagellate" (such as "dinoflagellate" and "choanoflagellate") are more formally characterized.
Marilyn R. Rosenberg
Marilyn R. Rosenberg (b. 1934 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) is an American book artist and visual poet. She studied at the State University of New York and New York University.

Her work is in the collection of the Center for Book Arts, the Harvard Fine Arts Library, the Lomholt Mail Art Archive,  as well as the National Museum of Women in the Arts.

National Museum of Women in the Arts
The National Museum of Women in the Arts (NMWA), located in Washington, D.C., is "the first museum in the world solely dedicated" to championing women through the arts. NMWA was incorporated in 1981 by Wallace and Wilhelmina Holladay. Since opening in 1987, the museum has acquired a collection of more than 6,000 works by more than 1,000 artists, ranging from the 16th century to today. The collection includes works by Mary Cassatt, Alma Woodsey Thomas, Élisabeth Louise Vigée-LeBrun, and Amy Sherald. NMWA also holds the only painting by Frida Kahlo in Washington, D.C., Self-Portrait Dedicated to Leon Trotsky.

The museum occupies the old Masonic Temple, a building listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. In 2021 the museum temporarily closed to undergo a $66 million transformative renovation. The museum reopened to the public on October 21, 2023.
Hottentots Holland (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Hottentots Holland was a constituency in the Cape Province of South Africa, which existed from 1929 to 1966. It covered a rural area in the Helderberg region, surrounding what was then known as the Hottentots Holland Mountains. Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Cape Provincial Council.

House of Assembly (South Africa)
The House of Assembly (known in Afrikaans as the Volksraad, or "People's Council") was the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa from 1910 to 1981, the sole parliamentary chamber between 1981 and 1984, and latterly the white representative house of the Tricameral Parliament from 1984 to 1994, when it was replaced by the current National Assembly. Throughout its history, it was composed exclusively of white members who were elected to office predominantly by white citizens, though until 1960 and 1970, respectively, some Black Africans and Coloureds in the Cape Province voted under a restricted form of suffrage.

The old House of Assembly chamber was severely damaged in a fire in January 2022.
McElligott
McElligott is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bernard McElligott, Irish hurler and Gaelic footballer

Dominique McElligott (born 1986), Irish actress

John J. McElligott (1882–1946), American Fire Commissioner

John L. McElligott (born 1958), Irish Gaelic footballer

Ken McElligott (1940–2021), Australian politician

Sarah Isabella McElligott (1883–1986), New Zealand cook

Bernard McElligott
Bernard McElligott was a Gaelic footballer and hurler from Abbeydorney in North County Kerry, Ireland. He played football with Brick Rangers and hurling with Abbeydorney. He also played with football and hurling with Kerry, in fact he is the last player to play in both the Munster Senior Hurling and Football Championships in the same year in the early 1990s.