hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Codex Aesinas
The Codex Aesinas (Codex Aesinas Latinus 8) is a 15th-century composite manuscript. It was discovered by chance in 1902 at the former private estate of the Count Baldeschi Balleani family located in Jesi, in the province of Ancona, Italy. The manuscript is considered especially valuable because it contains the Opera Minora (shorter works) of the Roman historian Tacitus, including the Agricola and the Germania. Due to the inclusion of eight folia written in Carolingian minuscule script within the Agricola, the Tacitus portion of the Codex is generally regarded as a direct copy of the missing Codex Hersfeldensis (H), a 9th-century manuscript that contained a copy of the original Opera Minora by Tacitus. The Carolingian folia are thought to be originals taken from the lost codex. In 1994, the Baldeschi Balleani family sold the codex to the Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Roma where it is now known as the Codex Vittorio Emanuele 1631.

Jesi
Jesi (Italian: [ˈjɛːzi]) is a comune (municipality) in the province of Ancona, in the Italian region of Marche.

It is an important industrial and artistic center in the floodplain on the left (north) bank of the Esino river, 17 kilometres (11 mi) before its mouth on the Adriatic Sea.
2025 Aurora Borealis Cup playoffs
The 2025 Aurora Borealis Cup playoffs or the 2025 Auroraliiga playoffs (Finnish: Auroraliigan pudotuspelit 2025) is the playoff tournament for the 2024–25 season of the Auroraliiga. The tournament began on 22 February and the Aurora Borealis Cup was awarded to Kiekko-Espoo on 27 March.

IFK Helsinki, winners of the 2024 Naisten Liiga playoffs, were the defending Aurora Borealis Cup champions until being eliminated in the 2025 quarterfinals.

Entering the playoffs, Kiekko-Espoo were the favorites for the 2025 Aurora Borealis Cup.

Power play
Power play is a term used in various team sports to describe a period of play when one team is given an advantage. In many sports this is numerical advantage in players, usually due to a rule violation by the opposing team.
Qigong (artist)
Qigong (Chinese: 启功, courtesy name Yuanbai 元白, alternatively Qi Gong) (July 26, 1912 – June 30, 2005) was a renowned Chinese calligrapher, artist, painter, connoisseur and sinologist. He was an advisor for the September 3 Society, one of China's minor political parties.

Qigong was born into a Manchu family in Beijing in 1912. Both his great-grandfather and grandfather were Jinshi, the highest Chinese academic title roughly equivalent to a doctoral. He was a descendant of the Yongzheng Emperor through his son Hongzhou, and therefore a member of the Aisin Gioro imperial clan. Upon coming to prominence, he declined to use both the Manchu "Aisin Gioro" or sinicized Jin surname, and went by the legal surname of "Qi" to establish a name for himself removed from that of the Imperial family.

Connoisseur
A connoisseur (French traditional, pre-1835, spelling of connaisseur, from Middle-French connoistre, then connaître meaning 'to be acquainted with' or 'to know somebody/something') is a person who has a great deal of knowledge about the fine arts; who is a keen appreciator of cuisines, fine wines, and other gourmet products; or who is an expert judge in matters of taste.  In many areas, the term now has an air of pretension, and may be used in a partly ironic sense. In the art trade, however, expert connoisseurship remains a crucial skill for the identification and attribution to individual artists of works by the style and technique, where documentary evidence of provenance is lacking.  The situation in the wine trade is similar, for example in assessing the potential for ageing in a young wine through wine tasting.
Canon Ōita Factory
The Canon Ōita Factory in Ōita, Japan, is Canon's main digital imaging product plant and manufactures products such as the PowerShot, IXUS compacts, DSLR cameras, and camcorders. The plant manufactured up to 6.8 million products in 2005.

Since 1999, the factory has moved away from assembly line production to cell based production with teams of up to 20 workers. Each cell can assemble 500 camcorders in an eight-hour shift.

Canon invested 27.6 billion yen to expand the factory in two stages between 2004 and 2005.

Ōita (city)
Ōita (大分市, Ōita-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [oꜜː.i.ta, oː-, oː.i.taꜜ.ɕi]) is the capital city of Ōita Prefecture, located on the island of Kyushu, Japan. As of 30 November 2023, the city had an estimated population of 474,804 in 230,867 households, and a  population density of 950 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 502.38 km2 (193.97 sq mi).
Hoensbroek Castle
Hoensbroek Castle (Dutch: Kasteel Hoensbroek) or Gebrook Castle (Dutch: Gebrookhoes) is one of the largest castles in the Netherlands. It is situated in Hoensbroek, a town in the province of Limburg. This imposing watercastle is known as 'the most lordly stronghold between Rhine and Meuse'. The oldest part of the castle, notably the tall round tower, dates from around 1360, when it was built by Herman Hoen, though a predecessor to the castle had already existed in the swamp (or Gebrook) the castle was located in. This so-called motte-and-bailey dated from around 1225. In 1250 a fortified manor was built on the location of the present castle. Because of its important strategical location in the Duchy of Brabant, located along important trading routes to Maastricht, Aachen and Cologne, the castle was expanded in several phases, becoming the largest stronghold between the Meuse and the Rhine rivers. It contains at least 67 halls, rooms and living quarters.

Duchy of Brabant
The Duchy of Brabant, a state of the Holy Roman Empire, was established in 1183. It developed from the Landgraviate of Brabant of 1085–1183, and formed the heart of the historic Low Countries. The Duchy comprised part of the Burgundian Netherlands from 1430 and of the Habsburg Netherlands from 1482, until it was partitioned after the Dutch revolt of 1566–1648.

The 1648 Peace of Westphalia ceded present-day North Brabant (Dutch: Noord-Brabant) to the Generality Lands of the Dutch Republic, while the reduced duchy remained part of the Habsburg Netherlands until French Revolutionary forces conquered it in 1794 — a change recognized by the Treaty of Campo Formio in 1797.

Today all the duchy's former territories, apart from exclaves, are divided between Belgium and the Dutch province of North Brabant.
Agglomeration community of Artois
The Communauté d'agglomération de l'Artois (Artois Comm.) is a former administrative entity in the Pas-de-Calais département, in northern France. Administrative center: Béthune.

It covered 59 communes, and had a population of approximately 210,000. It was the largest such communauté in Pas-de-Calais (but the most populated was the Communaupole of Lens-Liévin).

It is named after Artois, a former province of France. It was established in January 2002. It merged with the Communauté de communes de Nœux et environs in 2014, and was renamed Communauté d'agglomération de Béthune Bruay Nœux et environs. This was merged into the new Communauté d'agglomération de Béthune-Bruay, Artois-Lys Romane in 2017.

Administrative divisions of France
The administrative divisions of France are concerned with the institutional and territorial organization of French territory. These territories are located in many parts of the world. There are many administrative divisions, which may have political (local government), electoral (districts), or administrative (decentralized services of the state) objectives. All the inhabited territories are represented in the National Assembly, Senate and Economic and Social Council and their citizens have French citizenship and elect the President of France.
Novo-Bulgary
Novo-Bulgary (Russian: Ново-Булгары, Tatar: Яңа Болгар, romanized: Yaña Bolğar) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Novo-Bulgarinsky Selsoviet in Ikryaninsky District, Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. The population was 489 as of 2010. There are 12 streets.

Ikryaninsky District
Ikryaninsky District (Russian: Икря́нинский райо́н; Kazakh: Икрян ауданы, Ikrıan aýdany) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the eleven in Astrakhan Oblast, Russia. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,950 square kilometers (750 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Ikryanoye. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 47,759, with the population of Ikryanoye accounting for 21.0% of that number.
William Sams
William Gardner Sams (1792-1871) was appointed Under-Sheriff of Hobart in 1831 and later Sheriff and Commissioner of Insolvency of Launceston, Tasmania in 1840 . He was also one of fifteen investors in the pastoral company Port Phillip Association which played a key role in the foundation of the city of Melbourne.

Sams was appointed as a Page to Duke of Kent, father of Queen Victoria. He held the rank of Lieutenant and was a member of London Stock Exchange.

He immigrated to Van Diemen's Land (later Tasmania) in 1825. He received a grant of land near Westbury.

In 1838 he was a founding member of the Melbourne Cricket Club and played in their third match as a 'Batchelor' making 18 not out. He was buried in Melbourne General Cemetery.

Melbourne General Cemetery
The Melbourne General Cemetery is a large (43 hectare) necropolis located 3 km (1.9 mi) north of the city of Melbourne in the suburb of Carlton North.

The cemetery is notably the resting place of five Prime Ministers of Australia, more than any other necropolis within Australia. Former Prime Minister Harold Holt's headstone is a memorial, as his remains have never been discovered.
Turkmenistan–Uzbekistan border
The Turkmenistan–Uzbekistan border is the border between the countries of Turkmenistan and the Republic of Uzbekistan. At 1,793 km (1,114 mi), it is Turkmenistan's longest border and Uzbekistan's second longest (behind Uzbekistan's border with Kazakhstan). The border runs from the tripoint with Kazakhstan to the tripoint with Afghanistan.

The Turkmenistan–Uzbekistan border was first established in 1925, when both countries were part of the Soviet Union as the Turkmen SSR and the Uzbek SSR respectively. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan became independent countries, making the Turkmenistan–Uzbekistan border an international border. A joint treaty was signed between Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan in 2000, recognizing the post-independence border as the official border between the two countries, ending a decade of disputes and establishing the border's current shape. A border fence was constructed afterward.

Gazojak
Gazojak (also Gazochak, Turkmen: Gazojak) is a city located in Darganata District, Lebap Province, Turkmenistan. It serves as a border crossing to Uzbekistan, situated opposite the Pitnyak rail customs point and the Druzhba motor road customs point on the Uzbek side.
Pashi (Hazara tribe)
The Pashi (Dari: پَشی) are a tribe of Hazara people in Afghanistan they mainly inhabit in Jaghori, Malistan and Urozak khas districts.  Some of the clans a part of the Pashi are Chihilbaghtoie Pashi, Jaka-Pashi, Qabjoi, Pai Julga, Shab Bakhair, Nawe-Pashi, Payik, Ulyad, Dadi, Zingar and Daybirka.

Jaghori District
Jaghori (Dari: جاغوری) is one of the districts of Ghazni Province in central Afghanistan. It has an estimated population of 217,483 people. Most of them are Hazara villagers involved in agriculture. Others are traders, shop owners, and construction workers. Sange-e-Masha serves as the capital of Jaghori. It is where major business transactions take place. Major marketplaces are in Ghojor and Anguri.

Occupying 1,855 km2 (716 sq mi), Jaghori is one of the mountainous and remote districts of Ghazni Province. It sits in the highlands in the southern fringes of the Hazarajat region, in the upper Arghandab River valley. The district has a growing number of dams and reservoirs, which are slowly attracting tourists from not only Ghazni but also other provinces.

Climate of Jaghori is generally arid continental, with cold and snowy winters, and hot summers with temperatures rising between 25 °C (77 °F) to 38 °C (100 °F).
Bill Sambell
William Austin Tyers Sambell (29 October 1910 – 27 March 1974) was an Australian rower who competed for Great Britain at the 1932 Summer Olympics.

Sambell was born in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. He was educated at Melbourne Grammar School before going to England to study at Pembroke College, Cambridge. In 1931 he and his partner Lewis Luxton were runners-up in Silver Goblets at Henley Royal Regatta to Jumbo Edwards and Lewis Clive. In 1932 he was a member of the winning Cambridge boat in the Boat Race.  The 1932 Cambridge crew won the Grand Challenge Cup at Henley, rowing as Leander Club. They were subsequently chosen to represent Great Britain at the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, where they came fourth in the eights. He was in the winning Cambridge boat in the Boat Race again in 1933 and 1934.

In 1934 he announced his engagement to Elizabeth Carey of West Bristol.

Pembroke College, Cambridge
Pembroke College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, England. The college is the third-oldest college of the university and has over 700 students and fellows. It is one of the university's larger colleges, with buildings from almost every century since its founding, as well as extensive gardens. Its members are termed "Valencians". The college's Master is the art historian Rosalind Polly Blakesley.

Pembroke has a level of academic performance among the highest of all the Cambridge colleges; in 2013, 2014, 2016, and 2018 Pembroke was placed second in the Tompkins Table. Pembroke contains the first chapel designed by Sir Christopher Wren and is one of only six Cambridge colleges to have educated a British prime minister, in Pembroke's case William Pitt the Younger. The college library, with a Victorian neo-gothic clock tower, has an original copy of the first encyclopaedia to contain printed diagrams.
Aylton Thomaz
Aylton Thomaz (December 8, 1934, Rio de Janeiro – February 10, 2009, Rio de Janeiro) was a Brazilian comics artist and painter. He began his career at EBAL publishing house in 1953 drawing comics literary adaptations. He also worked at La Selva publishing house, with horror stories and actors Oscarito and Grande Otelo's comic books. From the 1970s onwards, he began to devote himself mainly to painting, having held several exhibitions over the years. In 1991, he was awarded with the Prêmio Angelo Agostini for Master of National Comics, an award that aims to honor artists who have dedicated themselves to Brazilian comics for at least 25 years.

Prêmio Angelo Agostini for Master of National Comics
Master of National Comics (Brazilian Portuguese: Mestre do Quadrinho Nacional) is one of the categories of Prêmio Angelo Agostini, the most traditional Brazilian award dedicated to comics that has been held since 1985 by Associação dos Quadrinhistas e Caricaturistas do Estado de São Paulo (AQC-ESP).
Erotic Cakes
Erotic Cakes is the first solo studio album by guitarist Guthrie Govan. It was first released in 2006 through Cornford Records and, it was later re-released by JTC records in 2011. The album features a mixture of songs that Govan had performed previously with his trio as well as some new compositions.

In an interview with All Out Guitar, he stated that, "these studio versions are a lot closer to what I meant the stuff to sound like when I wrote it". In the quote, he refers to the changes in arrangement made to the songs compared to his live work with his trio.

Govan has stated that the album name is a reference to the Simpsons' episode "Treehouse of Horror VI" during the segment "Homer3".

Richie Kotzen
Richard Dale Kotzen Jr. (born February 3, 1970) is an American rock guitarist, singer, and songwriter. As a solo artist, Kotzen has a back catalogue of more than 20 album releases. He was signed to California-based Shrapnel Records from 1988 to 1991, and again from 1995 to 1997. He was a member of glam metal band Poison from 1991 to 1993, Mr. Big from 1999 to 2002, and since 2012, has been the frontman of the band The Winery Dogs.
Erie Gauge War
The Erie Gauge War (sometimes called the Erie Railroad War) was a conflict between the citizens of Erie, Pennsylvania, and two railroad companies over the standardization of the track gauge between Erie and the New York border. It started on December 7, 1853, and ended on February 1, 1854.

Track gauge conversion
Track gauge conversion is the changing of one railway track gauge (the distance between the running rails) to another. In general, requirements depend on whether the conversion is from a wider gauge to a narrower gauge or vice versa, on how the rail vehicles can be modified to accommodate a track gauge conversion, and on whether the gauge conversion is manual or automated.
Sanjak of Salonica
The Sanjak of Salonica, Selanik (Ottoman Turkish: سنجاق⁩ سلانیك, Sancağı-i Selânik), or Thessalonica (Greek: Σαντζάκι Θεσσαλονίκης, Santzáki Thessaloníkis) was a sanjak of the Ottoman Empire. It was named for its capital Salonica, also known by its Turkish name Selanik and its latinized Greek name Thessalonica. It was also known under the Ottomans as the Liva of Salonica &c. (لواء سلانیك, Livâ-i Selânik; Λιβάς Θεσσαλονίκης, Libás Thessaloníkis). The sanjak existed from its formation in 1430 as part of the Rumeli Eyalet until its conquest in the First Balkan War in 1912 and its reorganization in 1915 as the Thessalonica Prefecture of the Kingdom of Greece. It served as the pasha sanjak of the Eyalet of Salonica from 1846–1867 and of the Vilayet of Salonica from 1867–1912.

Thessaloniki (regional unit)
Thessaloniki (Greek: Μητροπολιτική ενότητα Θεσσαλονίκης Mitropolitiki enotita Thessaloníkis, Metropolitan unit of Thessaloniki) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Central Macedonia and its capital is the city of Thessaloniki.
Don McKay (actor)
Don McKay (January 28, 1925 – December 26, 2018) was an American actor, dancer and singer.

McKay was born in Buttermilk Hill, West Virginia.

He played in musicals like Make a Wish and Top Banana in 1951, and West Side Story in 1958 and 1964, as well as Show Boat in 1959 and On the Town in 1963.

McKay began teaching voice in Connecticut in 1957 and acting in regional theater there.

On the Town (musical)
On the Town is a musical with music by Leonard Bernstein and book and lyrics by Betty Comden and Adolph Green, based on Jerome Robbins' idea for his  1944 ballet Fancy Free, which he had set to Bernstein's music. The musical introduced several popular and classic songs, among them "New York, New York", "Lonely Town", "I Can Cook, Too" (for which Bernstein also wrote the lyric), and "Some Other Time". The story concerns three American sailors on a 24-hour shore leave in New York City in 1944, during World War II. Each of the three sailors meets and quickly connects with a woman.

On the Town was first produced on Broadway in 1944 and was made into a film in 1949, although the film replaced all but four of the original Broadway numbers with Hollywood-written substitutes. The show has enjoyed several major revivals. The musical integrates dance into its storytelling: Robbins made several ballets and extended dance sequences for the show, including the "Imaginary Coney Island" ballet.
2021 Chicago Fall Tennis Classic
The 2021 Chicago Fall Tennis Classic was a WTA tournament organised for female professional tennis players on outdoor hard courts due to the cancellation of the Asian tournaments because of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. It was the 1st edition of the event and took place at XS Tennis and Education Foundation in Chicago, United States from 27 September to 3 October 2021.

Jeļena Ostapenko
Jeļena "Aļona" Ostapenko (born 8 June 1997) is a Latvian professional tennis player. She has been ranked by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) as high as world No. 5 in singles, which she achieved on 19 March 2018, and No. 3 in doubles, attained on 14 July 2025. She is the current No. 1 singles player from Latvia, on both categories.

Ostapenko has won nine WTA Tour-level singles and twelve doubles titles, including a singles major at the 2017 French Open and a doubles major at the 2024 US Open, partnering Lyudmyla Kichenok. She has also won 15 singles titles and 15 doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit, and the junior singles event at the 2014 Wimbledon Championships. She is a member of the Latvia Billie Jean King Cup team.
Abraham Kepsin
Abraham Kepsin Kalpumu (born 10 February 1980) is a Vanuatuan sprinter.

Kepsin competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics held in Sydney, he entered the 100 metres and ran a personal best time of 11.12 seconds and finished 8th in his heat so didn't qualify for the next round.

Athletics at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Men's 100 metres
The men's 100 metres at the 2000 Summer Olympics as part of the athletics program were held at the Stadium Australia from 22 to 23 September. Ninety-seven athletes from 71 nations competed. Each nation was limited to 3 athletes per rules in force since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by American Maurice Greene, the United States's first title in the event since 1988 and 15th overall. Ato Boldon of Trinidad and Tobago improved on his 1996 bronze with a silver in Sydney. Obadele Thompson won the first-ever medal in the men's 100 metres for Barbados with bronze.
Wang Ke (general)
Wang Ke (Chinese: 王克; pinyin: Wáng Kè; born August 1931) is a general (shangjiang) of the People's Liberation Army (PLA). He was a member of the 14th and 15th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a delegate to the 9th National People's Congress.

9th National People's Congress
The 9th National People's Congress (NPC) was in session from 1998 to 2003 across five plenary sessions. It followed the final session of the 8th National People's Congress. There were 2,979 deputies to this Congress.
Taʽizzi-Adeni Arabic
Taʽizzi-Adeni Arabic (Arabic: لهجة تعزية عدنية, romanized: lahja Taʿizzīyya-ʿAdanīyya) or Southern Yemeni Arabic is a dialect of Arabic spoken primarily in Yemen. The dialect itself is further sub-divided into the regional vernaculars of Ta'izzi, spoken in Ta'izz, and Adeni, spoken in Aden, while both are spoken in Djibouti.

The languages that existed in this region prior to the arrival of Arabic have had long lasting impacts upon the modern iteration of Ta’izzi-Adeni. Owing to this history, and a relative degree of geographic isolation, it has developed certain, distinctive phonological and vocabularic variations.

Taiz
Taiz (Arabic: تَعِزّ, romanized: Taʿizz) is a city in southwestern Yemen. It is located in the Yemeni highlands, near the port city of Mocha on the Red Sea, at an elevation of about 1,400 metres (4,600 ft) above sea level. It is the capital of Taiz Governorate. As of 2023, the city has an estimated population of approximately 940,600 residents, making it the third largest city in Yemen.
Kamiōsaki, Shinagawa, Tokyo
Kamiōsaki (上大崎) is a district of Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan. The district is in the northern part of Shinagawa and borders Mita (Meguro-Mita) and Ebisuminami on the north, Shirokanedai on the east, Higashigotanda on the southeast, Nishigotanda on the southwest, and Meguro and Shimomeguro on the west.

Kamiōsaki is home to Meguro Station; therefore, commercial areas around the station are often recognized as a part of the broader Meguro area.

Otherwise, most of Kamiōsaki is a quiet upscale residential district, notably with its 2-chōme and 3-chōme called Chōjamaru (長者丸) and Hanabusayama (花房山), respectively.

Shinagawa
Shinagawa (品川区, Shinagawa-ku) is a special ward in the Tokyo Metropolis in Japan. The ward refers to itself as Shinagawa City in English. It is home to ten embassies.

As of 1 April 2016, Shinagawa had an estimated population of 380,293 and a population density of 16,510 persons per km2. The total area is 22.84 km2.

Shinagawa is also commonly used to refer to the business district around Shinagawa Station, which is not in Shinagawa Ward. This Shinagawa is in the Takanawa and Konan neighborhoods of Minato Ward, directly north of Kita-Shinagawa.