hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch
Walter Francis John Montagu-Douglas-Scott, 9th Duke of Buccleuch and 11th Duke of Queensberry, KT VRD JP DL (28 September 1923 – 4 September 2007) was a Scottish peer, politician and landowner. He served in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve in the Second World War, and represented Edinburgh North in the House of Commons for 13 years.

He owned the largest private landed estate in the United Kingdom, covering some 280,000 acres (1,100 km2). The estate includes Drumlanrig Castle in Dumfries and Galloway, Bowhill House in Selkirkshire, and Boughton House in Northamptonshire. A fourth house, Dalkeith Palace, near Edinburgh, was most recently let to the West Central Wisconsin Consortium, which used the palace as a base for its study abroad program, until 2021.

Lord-lieutenant
A lord-lieutenant (UK: /lɛfˈtɛnənt/ lef-TEN-ənt) is the British monarch's personal representative in each lieutenancy area of the United Kingdom. Historically, each lieutenant was responsible for organising the county's militia. In 1871, the lieutenant's responsibility over the local militia was removed. However, it was not until 1921 that they formally lost the right to call upon able-bodied men to fight when needed.

Lord-lieutenant is now an honorary titular position usually awarded to a notable person in the county, and despite the title of the office, may be either male or female, peer or not.
Gene (journal)
Gene is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in genetics and molecular biology, focusing on the cloning, structure, function, as well as the biomedical and biotechnological importance of genes. The scope of the journal includes all biological organisms including viruses, prokaryotes, and eukaryotes. It is organized into topics, which include Human Genetics, Cancer Genetics, Neurogenetics, Animal Genetics, Genome Editing, Molecular Ecology, Plant Genetics, Parasitology and Virology, as well as Microbiology.

The journal is part of the Gene Family of journals and was established in 1976. It is published by Elsevier and the editor-in-chief is Marianna Kruithof-de Julio (University of Bern) The Gene Family of journals comprises the journals Gene, Gene Reports, Human Gene, and Plant Gene. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2022 impact factor of 3.5.

University of Bern
The University of Bern (German: Universität Bern, French: Université de Berne, Latin: Universitas Bernensis) is a public research university in the Swiss capital of Bern. It was founded in 1834. It is regulated and financed by the canton of Bern. It is a comprehensive university offering a broad choice of courses and programs in eight faculties and some 150 institutes. With around 19,000 students, the University of Bern is the third largest university in Switzerland.
Niigata Athletic Stadium
Niigata City Athletics Stadium (新潟市陸上競技場, Niigata-shi Rikujō-kyōgijō) is a sports venue in Niigata, Japan, and was the home of the Albirex Niigata football team until they moved to the Big Swan in 2001. It is used mostly for association football matches, but also for rugby union and athletics. The stadium is an athletics stadium which has hosted major Japanese athletic events, including the 1964 National Sports Festival. Albirex Niigata Ladies also use the stadium.

National Sports Festival of Japan
The National Sports Festival of Japan (国民体育大会, Kokumin Taiiku Taikai) is the national premier sports event of Japan. It consists of three stages. The skating and ice hockey stage takes place in January, the skiing stage takes place in February, and the main Autumn tournament takes place in September and October. Its name is often abbreviated to Kokutai (国体).
Jamali (surname)
Jamali is a surname and tribe mainly located in Balochistan and Sindh, Pakistan. They are also found in the Middle Eastern countries.

Notable people with the surname include:

Badr al-Jamali, Statesman, missionary and military chief of the Fatimid Caliphate, Cairo

Fakhreddin Jamali (born 1945), Iranian-Canadian professor of pharmacy and pharmaceutical sciences at the University of Alberta

Jan Mohammad Jamali, politician from Jaffarabad, Balochistan, Pakistan

Manuchehr Jamali, Iranian philosopher

Muhammad Fadhel al-Jamali, former Prime Minister of Iraq

Rosa Jamali, Iranian poet and playwright

Taj Muhammad Jamali, former Chief Minister of Balochistan, Pakistan

Zafarullah Khan Jamali, former Prime Minister of Pakistan

Rafiq Ahmed Jamali, chairman Gorakh Hills Station Development Authority (GHSDA), Sindh, Pakistan

Ben Jamali, American businessman from Boston, MA

Rafiq Ahmed Jamali
Rafiq Ahmed Jamali (Urdu: رفیق احمد جمالی; born 1 January 1967) is a Pakistani politician who has been a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan since February 2024 and previously served in this position from August 2018 to August 2023 and from 2002 to May 2018. From November 2008 to February 2011, he served as Minister of State for Food and Agriculture.
Woodeaton Wood
Woodeaton Wood is a 14-hectare (35-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Oxford in Oxfordshire.

This coppice with standards on calcareous soil is a fragment of the ancient Shotover Forest. The ground layer has plants such as wood anemone, nettle-leaved bellflower, ramsons, goldilocks  buttercup, early dog-violet and enchanter's nightshade.

The site is private land with no public access.

Calcareous
Calcareous (/kælˈkɛəriəs/) is an adjective meaning "mostly or partly composed of calcium carbonate", in other words, containing lime or being chalky. The term is  used in a wide variety of scientific disciplines.
Moshe Berent
Moshe Berent (Hebrew: משה ברנט; born February 2, 1954) is a former Lecturer (retired) in the Department of Sociology, Political Science and Communication at the Open University of Israel.

Berent received a Bachelor's Degree in Electrical Engineering from Technion in Haifa, Master's Degree in Philosophy under Prof. Joseph Agassi at Tel Aviv University, and a Ph.D. in Comparative Political History from the University of Cambridge. Berent's mentors include the sociologist and researcher of nationalism Ernest Gellner.

Berent's research interests include Ancient Greece and Israeli national identity.

Joseph Agassi
Joseph Agassi (/ˈæɡəsi/; Hebrew: יוסף אגסי; born Joseph Birnbaum; 7 May 1927 – 22 January 2023) was an Israeli academic with contributions in logic, scientific method, and philosophy. He studied under Karl Popper and taught at the London School of Economics.

Agassi taught in the Department of Philosophy of the University of Hong Kong from 1960 to 1963. He later taught at the University of Illinois, Boston University, and York University in Canada.  He had dual appointments in the last positions with Tel Aviv University.
Orinoco goose
The Orinoco goose (Neochen jubata) is a Near Threatened species of waterfowl in the tribe Tadornini of subfamily Anserinae. It is found in every mainland South American country except Chile, French Guiana, Suriname, and Uruguay.

Anseriformes
Anseriformes is an order of birds   also known as waterfowl that comprises about 180 living species of birds in three families: Anhimidae (three species of screamers), Anseranatidae (the magpie goose), and Anatidae, the largest family, which includes over 170 species of waterfowl, among them the ducks, geese, and swans. Most modern species in the order are highly adapted for an aquatic existence at the water surface. With the exception of screamers, males have penises, a trait that has been lost in the Neoaves, the clade consisting of all other modern birds except the galliformes and paleognaths. Due to their aquatic nature, most species are web-footed.
1993 CCHA men's ice hockey tournament
The 1993 CCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament was the 22nd CCHA Men's Ice Hockey Tournament. It was played between March 12 and March 21, 1993. First-round games were played at campus sites, while second-round and 'final four' games were played at Joe Louis Arena in Detroit, Michigan. By winning the tournament, Lake Superior State received the Central Collegiate Hockey Association's automatic bid to the 1993 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.

Lake Superior State Lakers men's ice hockey
The Lake Superior State Lakers men's ice hockey team is a National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I college ice hockey program that represents Lake Superior State University. The Lakers are a member of the Central Collegiate Hockey Association (CCHA). They play at the Taffy Abel Arena in Sault Ste. Marie, Michigan.
Jane Baker (mayor)
Jane Elaine Baker (June 2, 1923 – July 1, 2011) was an American politician, community organizer and former cooking show host. Baker served on the city council of San Mateo, California for twenty years. She was appointed the Mayor of San Mateo on six occasions, becoming San Mateo's first female mayor.

San Mateo, California
San Mateo is the most populous city in San Mateo County, California, United States, on the San Francisco Peninsula. It is part of the San Francisco Bay Area metropolitan region, and is located about 20 miles (32 km) south of San Francisco. San Mateo borders Burlingame to the north, Hillsborough to the west, San Francisco Bay and Foster City to the east and Belmont to the south. The population was 105,661 at the 2020 census.  Some of the biggest economic drivers for the city include technology, health care and education.
British Iron and Steel Research Association
The British Iron and Steel Research Association or BISRA, formed in 1944, was the research arm of the British steel industry. It had headquarters in London, originally at 11 Park Lane, later moved to 24 Buckingham Gate, with Laboratories in Sheffield on Hoyle Street, Swansea, Teesside, and Battersea.
The organization was created by Sir Charles Goodeve, who remained its director until his retirement in 1969. Roger Eddison was hired as a manager shortly after BISRA's founding.  BISRA's research has been responsible for much of the automation of modern steelmaking. BISRA were pioneers of digital computing in the steel industry.

BISRA was funded 15% by a grant from the government of the United Kingdom, and 85% by a cooperative of several steelmaking companies.

Battersea
Battersea is a large district in southwest London, part of the London Borough of Wandsworth, England. It is centred 3.5 miles (5.6 km) southwest of Charing Cross and also extends along the south bank of the Thames Tideway. It includes the 200-acre (0.81 km2) Battersea Park.
Ekarma Strait
Ekarma Strait (Russian: Экарма пролив) is a stretch of water in the Sea of Okhotsk that separates Ekarma at the northwest and Shiashkotan at the southeast. The islands are part of the Kuril Islands chain in the Russian Far East. At its narrowest point, the strait is 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) wide.

Sea of Okhotsk
The Sea of Okhotsk is a marginal sea of the northwestern Pacific Ocean. It is located between Russia's Kamchatka Peninsula on the east, the Kuril Islands on the southeast, Japan's island of Hokkaido on the south, the island of Sakhalin along the west, and a stretch of eastern Siberian coast along the west and north. Its northeast corner is the Shelikhov Gulf. The sea is named for the port of Okhotsk, itself named for the Okhota River.
KGTK
KGTK (920 AM "Megatalk 920 and 1400") is a commercial radio station featuring a talk radio format, simulcast with KITZ (1400 AM) in Silverdale. Licensed to Olympia, Washington, KGTK serves the Puget Sound Region. Its parent company, KITZ Radio, Inc., is owned by two gun-rights groups: the Second Amendment Foundation and its affiliate, the Citizens Committee for the Right to Keep and Bear Arms. Its main studio and production facilities are on Mile High Drive in Port Orchard.

By day, KGTK is powered at 3,000 watts, using a non-directional antenna. At night, to prevent interference to other stations on 920 AM, KGTK's power is reduced to 7 watts. The transmitter is on Sleater Kinney Road NE in Olympia.

Second Amendment Foundation
The Second Amendment Foundation (SAF) is a United States nonprofit organization that supports gun rights. Founded in 1974 by Alan Gottlieb and headquartered in Bellevue, Washington, SAF publishes gun rights magazines and public education materials, funds conferences, provides media contacts, and has assumed a central role in sponsoring lawsuits.

The Citizens Committee for the Right to Keep and Bear Arms (CCRKBA) is the advocacy affiliate of the SAF. As of January 2015, both groups reported having over 650,000 members.
Peter Lobengula
Peter Kushana Lobengula (died 24 November 1913) was a South African actor and circus performer who gained considerable attention in Britain during the early 20th-century, claiming to be a prince and the son of Lobengula, the last King of the Matabele. He was one of the performers at Frank Fillis's 'Savage South Africa' show at Earl's Court in 1899. His romance and subsequent marriage to a white woman, Kitty Jewell caused a sensation at the time. He portrayed his father in the film Major Wilson's Last Stand. His engagement to Florence 'Kitty' Jewell, a white British woman, ignited public scandal and was widely sensationalized by the press, marking an early instance of tabloid journalism's influential role in shaping and echoing British imperialistic attitudes. He spent his later life working as a miner in Salford, England and died there in 1913.

Tabloid journalism
Tabloid journalism is a popular style of largely sensationalist journalism, which takes its name from the tabloid newspaper format: a small-sized newspaper also known as a half broadsheet. The size became associated with sensationalism, and tabloid journalism replaced the earlier label of yellow journalism and scandal sheets.: 73  Not all newspapers associated with tabloid journalism are tabloid size, and not all tabloid-size newspapers engage in tabloid journalism; since around the year 2000, many broadsheet newspapers converted to the more compact tabloid format.

In some cases, celebrities have successfully sued tabloids for libel, demonstrating that the tabloid's stories have defamed them. Publications engaging in tabloid journalism are also known as rag newspapers or simply rags. In the 21st century, tabloid journalism has shifted to online platforms targeting youth consumers with celebrity news and entertainment.
Coleophora albicostella
Coleophora albicostella is a moth of the family Coleophoridae. It is found from Latvia to the Iberian Peninsula, Italy, Greece and Cyprus.

The larvae feed on Fragaria vesca, Potentilla cinerea, Potentilla palustris and Potentilla tabaernaemontani. Larvae can be found from autumn to May.

Potentilla pusilla
Potentilla pusilla, the spring cinquefoil or spotted cinquefoil, is a perennial species of flowering plant in the rose family (Rosaceae). It may grow up to the height of 5–15 cm (2-6 in).

It was first scientifically described by H.G.L. Reichenbach in 1832. P.F.A. Ascherson later called it P. tabernaemontani, a name which is now invalid. The name P. verna was misapplied to this species; as originally described by Linnaeus, it actually refers to the alpine cinquefoil (P. crantzii). This is a fairly undistinguished species of cinquefoil. Its typical five-fingered leaves and — in early spring — five-petalled yellow flowers are borne on low-lying stems. As its common name implies, in most of its range, it is one of the first cinquefoils to bloom. It can grow in dry, marginal habitats, such as roadsides, meadows, and talus. Thus it can be used for rock gardens, providing bright bunches of yellow when few other plants are blooming.
Worcestershire County Museum
Worcestershire County Museum is a local museum located within Hartlebury Castle in Hartlebury, Worcestershire, England, near the City of Worcester.  The Museum is one of three sites run by Museums Worcestershire, a Museums Service run in partnership between Worcester City Council and Worcestershire County Council.

The County Museum's displays and objects originally came from the personal collection of the Parker family who lived at Tickenhill Manor, Bewdley. Their intention was to represent folk customs and trades of Worcestershire, and they donated almost 30 tonnes of historic materials. In 1964, the north wing of Hartlebury Castle was re-purposed for the County Museum and it opened to the public there in 1966.

The collections include archaeological items, costumes, domestic objects, and toys. There are also a Victorian schoolroom and a Transport Gallery. Other facilities include a nature reserve, cafe, and gift shop.

Worcestershire County Council
Worcestershire County Council is the county council for the non-metropolitan county of Worcestershire in England. Its headquarters are at County Hall in Worcester, the county town. The council consists of 57 councillors. The council has been under no overall control since the 2025 election, being run by a Reform UK minority administration.

The county council was first created in 1889. In 1974 the council was abolished when Worcestershire and neighbouring Herefordshire were merged to form a new county called Hereford and Worcester. In 1998 Worcestershire and Herefordshire became separate counties again, and Worcestershire County Council was re-established.
State Police of Crawford and Erie Counties
The State Police of Crawford and Erie Counties was a volunteer organization providing police service in northwest Pennsylvania. It was separate and distinct from the Pennsylvania State Police and was formally disbanded in 2005.

Volunteering
Volunteering is an optional and freely chosen act of an individual or group giving their time and labor, often for community service. Many volunteers have specialized training in the fields that they work in, such as medicine, education, or emergency rescue. Others provide their services as needed, such as in response to a natural disaster.
Battle of Huarina
After sending away the royally appointed governor of the Viceroyalty of Peru, Blasco Núñez Vela and later defeating and killing him in the battle of Añaquito, Gonzalo Pizarro assembled an army of 1,200 men to press claims for the rule over Peru, once belonging to him and his brothers. The new viceroy, Pedro de la Gasca, landed in Peru in 1547, and a contingent of his troops, led by Diego Centeno, was severely defeated at Huarina by Francisco de Carvajal (dubbed the Demon of the Andes, for his treatment of native Peruvians in his quest for glory and power.)

Centeno, however, remained successful in retreating in order and later united with the main force under de la Gasca.  Ultimately, the viceroy won the cause of most of Gonzalo Pizarro's officers and men, and on April 9, 1548, the pizarrists were finally overthrown in the battle of Jaquijahuana.

Blasco Núñez Vela
Blasco Núñez Vela (c. 1490 – January 18, 1546) was the first Spanish viceroy of South America ("Viceroyalty of Peru").  Serving from May 15, 1544 to January 18, 1546, he was charged by Charles V with the enforcement of the controversial New Laws, which dealt with the failure of the encomienda system to protect the indigenous people of America from the rapacity of the conquistadors and their descendants.
Argo D-4 Javelin
Javelin (Argo D-4) was the designation of an American sounding rocket. The four stage Javelin rocket had a payload of around 125 pounds (57 kg), an apogee of 1100 kilometers, a liftoff thrust of 365 kilonewtons (82,100 lbf), a total mass of 3,385 kilograms (7,463 lb), and a core diameter of 580 millimeters (22.8 in). It was launched 82 times between 1959 and 1976.

This vehicle consisted of an Honest John first stage plus two Nike Ajax stages plus a X-248 stage. First NASA use in 1959. Could lift 45 kg (100 lb) to 800 km (500 mi).

It was launched 85 times between 1959 and 1976.

Sounding rocket
A sounding rocket or rocketsonde, sometimes called a research rocket or a suborbital rocket, is an instrument-carrying rocket designed to take measurements and perform scientific experiments during its sub-orbital flight. The rockets are often used to launch instruments from 50 to 150 km (30 to 90 mi) above the surface of the Earth, the altitude generally between weather balloons and satellites; the maximum altitude for balloons is about 40 km (25 mi), and the minimum for satellites is approximately 120 km (75 mi).

Due to their suborbital flight profile, sounding rockets are often much simpler than their counterparts built for orbital flight. Certain sounding rockets have an apogee between 1,000 and 1,500 km (600 and 900 mi), such as the Black Brant X and XII. Sounding rockets may be flown to altitudes as high as 3,000 km (2,000 mi) to allow observing times of around 40 minutes to provide geophysical observations of the magnetosphere, ionosphere, thermosphere, and mesosphere.
Sudomotor
Sudomotor function refers to the autonomic nervous system control of sweat gland activity in response to various environmental and individual factors. Sweat production is a vital thermoregulatory mechanism used by the body to prevent heat-related illness as the evaporation of sweat is the body's most effective method of heat reduction and the only cooling method available when the air temperature rises above skin temperature. In addition, sweat plays key roles in grip, microbial defense, and wound healing.

Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs) are acetylcholine receptors that form G protein-coupled receptor complexes in the cell membranes of certain neurons and other cells. They play several roles, including acting as the main end-receptor stimulated by acetylcholine released from postganglionic fibers. They are mainly found in the parasympathetic nervous system, but also have a role in the sympathetic nervous system in the control of sweat glands.

Muscarinic receptors are so named because they are more sensitive to muscarine than to nicotine. Their counterparts are nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs), receptor ion channels that are also important in the autonomic nervous system. Many drugs and other substances (for example pilocarpine and scopolamine) manipulate these two distinct receptors by acting as selective agonists or antagonists.
Maria Munir
Maria Munir (/ˈmɑːriə/ MAHR-ee-ə) is a public speaker and human rights defender who speaks out on a range of discrimination issues, including transgender rights and non-binary discrimination. Munir campaigns to encourage governments to implement policies that do not discriminate against non-binary people.

Discrimination against non-binary people
Discrimination against non-binary people, also called enbyphobia or exorsexism, is discrimination against people who do not identify exclusively or at all as male or female. It may occur in social, professional, medical or legal contexts.
Fury Stakes
The Fury Stakes is a Thoroughbred horse race run annually at Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Run in late April, the stakes race is open to three-Year-Old fillies who were foaled in the Province of Ontario. Raced over a distance of seven furlongs on Polytrack synthetic dirt, it currently offers a purse of $123,375.

The Fury Stakes was first run in 1956 at Fort Erie Racetrack in Fort Erie, Ontario as a 6+1⁄2 furlong sprint race. In 1970, the race was shifted to Woodbine Racetrack. Since inception it has been contested at various distances:

6.5 furlongs : 1956-1957, 1975

6 furlongs : 1958-1969, 1970-1972

7 furlongs : 1973-1974, 1976–present

Fort Erie Race Track
Fort Erie Race Track is a horse racing facility in Fort Erie, Ontario, Canada, that opened on June 16, 1897. The racetrack is often referred to as "the border oval" because of the track's proximity (barely a mile) to the U.S. border. Its most important race is the Prince of Wales Stakes, the second leg of the Canadian Triple Crown.