hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Burnet Hall
John Burnet Hall (also known as Atholl or JBH) is the smallest capacity Hall of Residence owned by the University of St Andrews. It was formerly the Atholl Hotel and is located in the town of St Andrews, Scotland. It has 76 bedrooms, of which 34 are shared in the main building and 36 single en-suite rooms in the Annexe. All rooms are catered, meals are provided to residents three times a day Monday-Friday and breakfast and lunch are served on weekends. Prices for 2024–25 are £8,882 (single room,) £8,083 (shared room,) and £10,680 (single en-suite Annexe room.)

Old Course at St Andrews
The Old Course at St Andrews, also known as the Old Lady or the Grand Old Lady, is considered the oldest golf course in the world. It is a public course over common land in St Andrews, Fife, Scotland, and is held in trust by the St Andrews Links Trust under an act of Parliament. The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews clubhouse sits adjacent to the first tee, although it is but one of many clubs (St Andrews Golf Club, the New Golf Club, St Regulus Ladies Golf Club and the St Rule Club are the others with clubhouses) that have playing privileges on the course, along with some other non-clubhouse owning golf clubs and the general public. Originally known as the "golfing grounds" of St Andrews, it was not until the New Course was opened in 1895 that it became known as the Old Course.
Ruins (instrumental)
"Ruins" is a 1974 instrumental composed by Fred Frith for the English avant-rock group Henry Cow. It was recorded in February and March 1974 by Henry Cow, and released on their May 1974 album, Unrest by Virgin Records.

A jazz interpretation of "Ruins" was recorded by the Michel Edelin Quintet with spoken texts by John Greaves and released on their 2019 album, Echoes of Henry Cow.

Recommended Records
Recommended Records (RēR) is a British independent record label and distribution network founded by Chris Cutler with Nick Hobbs in March 1978. RēR features largely "Rock in Opposition" and related music, but it also distributes selected music released on other independent labels.

In 1982 Cutler established November Books, the publishing wing of Recommended Records, and between 1985 and 1997, Recommended Records and November Books published RēR Quarterly, a "quarterly" sound-magazine edited by Cutler.

In 1989 Recommended Records became known as RēR Megacorp with a turnover of £180,000 in 1994.
Spiritual Healing (album)
Spiritual Healing is the third studio album by American death metal band Death, released on February 16, 1990, by Combat Records.  It is the band's only album to feature both guitarist James Murphy and bassist Terry Butler and the last to feature drummer Bill Andrews. The album marked a shift in style and content for the band, lyrically focusing on social evils and musically being more technical, as opposed to the gore-centered, straightforward death metal of their previous two albums. Due to this shift, the album received polarizing reception upon release.

Combat Records
Combat Records was an American independent record label founded in 1982 and based in New York City.

The label was made specifically for heavy metal and punk rock acts. Notable artists include: Megadeth, Circle Jerks, Nuclear Assault, OZ, Death, Dead Brain Cells, Possessed, Crumbsuckers, Agnostic Front, Agent Steel, Dark Angel, Heathen, Zoetrope, Ludichrist and Exodus. In 2017, it was announced that Combat was being relaunched by Megadeth bassist David Ellefson and Thom Hazaert as a new label imprint under their EMP Label Group.
Antonia Dulčić
Antonia Dulčić (born 4 February 1997) is a Croatian footballer who plays as a defender for Turkish club ALG Spor and the Croatia women's national team. In season 2022–23 she played for Italian Serie B club Napoli Femminile, gaining the promotion to Serie A.

Napoli Women
Napoli Women, formerly known as Società Sportiva Dilettantistica Napoli Femminile (lit. 'Napoli Women's Amateur Sports Society') and more commonly known as just Napoli, is an Italian women's football club from Naples that competes in Serie A.
Sam's Diner
Sam's Diner, also known as Millie's Diner and Victory Diner, is a historic diner located at Kill Devil Hills, Dare County, North Carolina.  It was built about 1940 by the Kullman Dining Car Co., and moved to its present location in 1996.  It is a one-story, Streamline Moderne style steel frame building sheathed in porcelain enamel panels and stainless steel trim.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.

As of 2019, the building houses a diner named the Kill Devil Grill.

Dare County, North Carolina
Dare County is the easternmost county in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 36,915. Its county seat is Manteo.

Dare County is included in the Kill Devil Hills, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Virginia Beach-Chesapeake, VA-NC Combined Statistical Area.

Because it includes much of Pamlico Sound, Dare County is the largest county in North Carolina by total area, although if considering land area only, it drops down to 68th in size among the state's 100 counties.
Swanenburg
Swanenburg is a Dutch surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Claes Isaacsz Swanenburg (1572–1652), Dutch painter

Isaac van Swanenburg (1537–1614), Dutch painter and glazier

Jacob van Swanenburgh (1571–1638), Dutch painter

Maria Swanenburg (1839–1915), Dutch serial killer

Jacob Isaacsz. van Swanenburg
Jacob Isaacszoon van Swanenburg (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈjaːkɔp fɑn ˈsʋaːnə(m)bʏr(ə)x]; 1571 in Leiden – 1638 in Utrecht) was a Dutch painter, draftsman and art dealer. He was known for his city views, history paintings, Christian religious scenes and portraits. He spent a substantial part of his early career in Italy before returning to his native Leiden. He was the teacher of the young Rembrandt.
Vulcanair V1.0
The Vulcanair V1.0 is an Italian light aircraft, designed and produced by Vulcanair of Casoria, introduced at the AERO Friedrichshafen show in 2014. The aircraft is type certified by the European Aviation Safety Agency and the US Federal Aviation Administration and is supplied complete and ready-to-fly.

The design is a derivation of the Partenavia P.64B Oscar.

Casoria
Casoria (Italian: [kaˈzɔːrja], Neapolitan: [kaˈsɔːrjə]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Naples in the Italian region of Campania, located about 5 kilometres (3 miles) northeast of Naples.

Casoria borders the following municipalities: Afragola, Arzano, Cardito, Casalnuovo di Napoli, Casavatore, Frattamaggiore, Naples, Volla.
Nao Nagasawa (voice actress)
Naomi Kawai (河合 直美, Kawai Naomi; born May 12, 1971), known professionally as Nao Nagasawa (永澤 菜教, Nagasawa Nao) and formerly Naomi Nagasawa (長沢 直美, Nagasawa Naomi) is a Japanese voice actress from Toyonaka, Osaka who used to be represented by Aoni Production and Ken Production and is now represented by Kekke Corporation. She was formerly married to Ryōtarō Okiayu and they had a daughter.

Toyonaka
Toyonaka (豊中市, Toyonaka-shi) is a city in Osaka Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 May 2023, the city had an estimated population of 399,263 in 179651 households and a population density of 5700 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 36.39 square kilometres (14.05 sq mi). It is a suburban city of Osaka City and a part of the Kyoto-Osaka-Kobe metropolitan area.
Riess
Riess or Rieß is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adam Riess (contemporary), American astrophysicist

Erwin Riess (1957–2023), Austrian playwright

Fritz Riess (1922–1991), German Formula One race car driver

Jana Riess (born 1969), American writer

Peter Riess (1804–1883), German Jewish physicist

Lew Riess (1887–1946), American college sports coach

Ludwig Riess (1861–1928), German-American historian and educator

Ryan Riess (born 1990), American professional poker player and 2013 World Series of Poker Main Event champion

Stefan Rieß (born 1988), German professional football player

Susanne Riess-Passer (born 1961), Austrian politician

Jana Riess
Jana Kathryn Riess (born December 13, 1969): 158  is an American professor, writer, and editor. Riess' writings have focused on American religions, especially the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) of which she is a member, and other new religious movements.
Holland's Next Top Model season 13
The thirteenth cycle of Holland's Next Top Model premiered on 5 September 2022 on Videoland. Loiza Lamers replaced Anna Nooshin and reprised as the show's host.  The panel of judges has been refreshed and is composed of Guillame Philibert Chin, Phillippe Vogelenzang, and Yolanda Hadid.

The winner of the competition was 22-year-old Lando van der Schee from Enschede. She has won a contract with The Movement Models agency and an exclusive magazine shoot in Vogue Nederland, for a fresh start to her career as a top model.

Vogue Nederland
Vogue Nederland is the Dutch edition of the American fashion and lifestyle magazine Vogue, published by Condé Nast. The magazine has been published since March 2012, which is over a hundred years later than the original Vogue, which has been published since 1892. The magazine's first cover featured the Dutch models Romée Strijd, Ymre Stiekema and Josefien Rodermans.
The first editor in chief was Karin Sweerink who held the position till 2019 when she was appointed as editor in chief of Linda magazine. She was succeeded by Rinke Tjepkema in 2019 and by Yeliz Çiçek in 2022 - who led the magazine for two years and stopped in 2024.

Vogue Nederland is published by Bloom Publishing (print) and Talpa Networks under licensing of Condé Nast Publications.

Vogue Nederland current circulation is approximately 60,000 copies.
101 Piscium
101 Piscium is a star in the zodiac constellation of Pisces, located around 1,400 light years away from the Sun. This appears as a dim, blue-white hued star near the lower limit of visibility to the naked eye at an apparent visual magnitude of 6.23. It is a suspected variable star  with the designation NSV 559; 101 Piscium is the Flamsteed designation. The star is moving closer to the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of −10 km/s.

This object has a stellar classification of B9.5 III, matching a giant star that has consumed the hydrogen at its core and is evolving away from the main sequence. It is spinning rapidly with a projected rotational velocity of 246 km/s, compared to a critical velocity of 270 km/s. The star has 4.5 times the mass of the Sun and about 3.6 times the Sun's radius. It is radiating around 1,000 times the luminosity of the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 10,471 K.

Giant star
A giant star has a substantially larger radius and luminosity than a main-sequence (or dwarf) star of the same surface temperature. They lie above the main sequence (luminosity class V in the Yerkes spectral classification) on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram and correspond to luminosity classes II and III. The terms giant and dwarf were coined for stars of quite different luminosity despite similar temperature or spectral type (namely K and M) by Ejnar Hertzsprung in 1905 or 1906.

Giant stars have radii up to a few hundred times the Sun and luminosities over 10  times that of the Sun. Stars still more luminous than giants are referred to as supergiants and hypergiants.

A hot, luminous main-sequence star may also be referred to as a giant, but any main-sequence star is properly called a dwarf, regardless of how large and luminous it is.
Speedwell Motor Car Company
The Speedwell Motor Car Company was a Brass Era American automobile manufacturing company established by Pierce Davies Schenck that produced cars from 1907 to 1914. The Great Dayton Flood of 1913 greatly damaged the Speedwell factory and inventory, and the company entered receivership in 1915 after having built an estimated 4,000 cars and trucks.

Receivership
In law, receivership is a situation in which an institution or enterprise is held by a receiver – a person "placed in the custodial responsibility for the property of others, including tangible and intangible assets and rights" – especially in cases where a company cannot meet its financial obligations and is said to be insolvent. The receivership remedy is an equitable remedy that emerged in the English chancery courts, where receivers were appointed to protect real property. Receiverships are also a remedy of last resort in litigation involving the conduct of executive agencies that fail to comply with constitutional or statutory obligations to populations that rely on those agencies for their basic human rights.
Vitaly Nikolayenko
Vitaly Aleksandrovich Nikolayenko (Russian: Виталий Александрович Николаенко, transliteration: Vitálij Aleksándrovich Nikoláyenko, 1938  – December 2003) was a Russian self-educated natural scientist and photographer notable for his extensive research on the ethology of Russian bears. He spent 33 years living with the brown bears (Ursus arctos) native to the Kamchatka peninsula. He was found dead in December 2003 at the Kronotsky state reserve, one of two managed by the federal government, 177 km (110 mi) north of Petropavlovsk.  Authorities concluded that the cause of death was an apparent bear mauling.

Kronotsky
Kronotsky (Russian: Кроноцкая сопка, Kronotskaya Sopka) is a major stratovolcano on the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia. It is located in Kronotsky Nature Reserve to the east of Lake Kronotskoye (the largest freshwater lake in Kamchatka). It has a particularly symmetrical conical shape, comparable to Mount Fuji in Japan and to Mount Mayon in the Philippines. The summit crater is plugged by a volcanic neck, and the summit itself is ice-capped. It exhibits the classic radial drainage pattern, extending downward from its crater. Kronotsky is considered to be one of the most scenic volcanoes in Kamchatka. In the 20th century, the volcano had low activity, with occasional weak phreatic eruptions. Its latest eruption started on October 4, 2025, with an ash cloud up to 9 km (5.6 mi) high.
Peschanka, Staropoltavsky District, Volgograd Oblast
Peschanka (Russian: Песчанка) is a rural locality (a selo) in Novopoltavskoye Rural Settlement, Staropoltavsky District, Volgograd Oblast, Russia. The population was 146 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

Staropoltavsky District
Staropoltavsky District (Russian: Старополта́вский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the thirty-three in Volgograd Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Staropoltavsky Municipal District. It is located in the northeast of the oblast. The area of the district is 4,120 square kilometers (1,590 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Staraya Poltavka. Population: 20,363 (2010 Census); 23,633 (2002 Census); 25,691 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Staraya Poltavka accounts for 20.1% of the district's total population.
Joe Judge (baseball)
Joseph Ignatius Judge (May 25, 1894 – March 11, 1963)  was an American professional baseball player and coach. He played in Major League Baseball as a first baseman from 1915 through 1934, most notably as a member of the Washington Senators team with whom he won a World Series championship in 1924. Judge set American League records for career games (2,056), putouts (19,021), assists (1,284), total chances (20,444), double plays (1,476) and fielding percentage (.993) at first base, and led the AL in fielding average five times, then a record. He also batted over .300 nine times, and hit .385 in the 1924 World Series as the Senators won their only championship. At the time of his retirement in 1934, he ranked tenth in AL history in hits (2,328) and doubles (431), seventh in games played (2,129), eighth in triples (158) and at bats (7,786), and ninth in walks (958).

Double play
In baseball and softball, a double play (denoted as DP in baseball statistics) is the act of making two outs during the same continuous play. Double plays can occur any time there is at least one baserunner and fewer than two outs.

In Major League Baseball (MLB), the double play is defined in the Official Rules in the Definitions of Terms, and for the official scorer in Rule 9.11. During the 2023 Major League Baseball season, teams completed an average 132 double plays per 162 games played during the regular season.
South Burnie, Tasmania
South Burnie is a locality and suburb of Burnie in the local government area of City of Burnie, in the North West region of Tasmania. It is located about 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) south-east of the town of Burnie. The Bass Highway passes from south-east to north-west along the shore of Bass Strait, which forms part of the northern boundary. The Emu River forms part of the eastern boundary. The 2016 census determined a population of 331 for the state suburb of South Burnie.

City of Burnie
Burnie City Council (or City of Burnie) is a local government body in Tasmania, located in the city and surrounds of Burnie in the north-west of the state. The Burnie local government area is classified as urban and has a population of 19,348, which also encompasses Cooee, Hampshire, Natone and Ridgley.
Lattice-based cryptography
Lattice-based cryptography is the generic term for constructions of cryptographic primitives that involve lattices, either in the construction itself or in the security proof. Lattice-based constructions support important standards of post-quantum cryptography.  Unlike more widely used and known public-key schemes such as the RSA, Diffie-Hellman or elliptic-curve cryptosystems—which could, theoretically, be defeated using Shor's algorithm on a quantum computer—some lattice-based constructions appear to be resistant to attack by both classical and quantum computers. Furthermore, many lattice-based constructions are considered to be secure under the assumption that certain well-studied computational lattice problems cannot be solved efficiently.

In 2024 NIST announced the Module-Lattice-Based Digital Signature Standard for post-quantum cryptography.

Worst-case complexity
In computer science (specifically computational complexity theory), the worst-case complexity measures the resources (e.g. running time, memory) that an algorithm requires given an input of arbitrary size (commonly denoted as n in asymptotic notation). It gives an upper bound on the resources required by the algorithm.

In the case of running time, the worst-case time complexity indicates the longest running time performed by an algorithm given any input of size n, and thus guarantees that the algorithm will finish in the indicated period of time. The order of growth (e.g. linear, logarithmic) of the worst-case complexity is commonly used to compare the efficiency of two algorithms.

The worst-case complexity of an algorithm should be contrasted with its average-case complexity, which is an average measure of the amount of resources the algorithm uses on a random input.
Howle
Howle is a surname. Notable people with this name include:

Billy Howle (born 1989), British actor

C. Tycho Howle, American businessman, founder of Harbinger Corp.

Danielle Howle, American singer-songwriter

Emmet Howle, American college football player for 2015 The Citadel Bulldogs football team

Jeff Howle, American educator, principal of Academy of Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, and Science in Abilene, Texas

John Howle, American college football player, starred in 1954 Sun Bowl

Leslie Howle, American writing workshop administrator, two-time nominee for World Fantasy Special Award—Non-professional

Lt. P. W. Howle Jr., American naval officer, commanded USS Improve (AM-247)

Ryan Howle, British game show contestant on Britain's Best Brain

Ty Howle, American college football player for 2013 Penn State Nittany Lions football team

Victoria Howle, American mathematician

Walker Howle, American rock musician for Dead Confederate

Victoria Howle
Victoria E. Howle is an American applied mathematician specializing in numerical linear algebra and known as one of the developers of the Trilinos open-source software library for scientific computing. She is a full professor in the Department of Mathematics and Statistics at
Texas Tech University.
Alessio Innocenti
Alessio Innocenti (born 4 February 1993) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays for F.C. Cinisello.

The central midfielder played previously for Argentine side Estudiantes La Plata and the Italian clubs Pro Vercelli, Barletta in the Lega Pro Prima Divisione and Südtirol on loan from AC Milan.

SSD Barletta 1922
S.S.D. Barletta 1922 is an Italian association football club located in Barletta, Apulia. Currently it plays in Eccellenza Apulia.

Barletta was played in the professional league as Società Sportiva Barletta Calcio. In 2015, the club went bankrupt, and a new phoenix club, A.S.D. Barletta 1922, was admitted to the 2015–16 Eccellenza on 6 August.
Holman Day
Holman Francis Day (November 6, 1865 – February 19, 1935) was an American author, born at Vassalboro, Maine. The Holman Day House, his home in Auburn, Maine, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. His book The Rider of the King Log was adapted into the 1921 film The Rider of the King Log. His play Along Came Ruth was adapted into the 1924 film Along Came Ruth.

Auburn, Maine
Auburn is a city in south-central Maine, within the United States. Settled in the foothills of the Western Lakes and Mountains region of the state, the city serves as the county seat of Androscoggin County. The population was 24,061 at the 2020 census. Auburn and its sister city Lewiston are known locally as the Twin Cities or Lewiston–Auburn (L–A).
No. 4 Electronic Switching System
The No. 4 Electronic Switching System (4ESS) is a class 4 telephone electronic switching system that was the first digital electronic toll switch introduced by Western Electric for long-distance switching. It was introduced in Chicago in January 1976, to replace the 4A crossbar switch. The last of the 145 systems in the AT&T network was installed in 1999 in Atlanta. Approximately half of the switches were manufactured in Lisle, Illinois, and the other half in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. At the time of the Bell System divestiture, most of the 4ESS switches became assets of AT&T as part of the long-distance network, while others remained in the RBOC networks. By late 2025, only four of the original 4ESS tandems remain in the AT&T long distance network, many of which have been replaced by the Next Generation 4ESS (N4E).

Western Electric
Western Electric Co., Inc. was an American electrical engineering and manufacturing company that operated from 1869 to 1996. A subsidiary of the AT&T Corporation for most of its lifespan, Western Electric was the primary manufacturer, supplier, and purchasing agent for all telephone equipment for the Bell System from 1881 until 1984, when the Bell System was dismantled.

For much of the 20th century, Western Electric's equipment, especially their telephones, was ubiquitous throughout most of the United States and Canada. This was a result of the Bell System's near-total monopoly on phone service, combined with the legal ban on connecting third-party premises equipment to the telephone network.

The company was responsible for many technological innovations, as well as developments in industrial management.