hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David Lagourie Gosling
David L. Gosling is an academic supervisor in the University of Cambridge. He trained in nuclear physics and has held positions in the universities of Hull, Delhi (St. Stephen’s College), the East-West Center in Hawaii, and at the World Council of Churches in Geneva, where he was director of Church and Society.

From 2006-10 he was principal of Edwardes College in the University of Peshawar; he has taught in the Faculty of Education in the University of Cambridge, where he was also Spalding Fellow at Clare Hall College, Cambridge.

He is a Chartered Physicist (C Phys), a Fellow of the Royal Asiatic Society (FRAS), a Fellow of the International Society for Science and Religion (FISSR) and has published on ecological and scientific issues in south Asia, and on nuclear power. He was science consultant for the BBC Two Natural History series “Wonders of the Monsoon”.

Clare Hall, Cambridge
Clare Hall is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge. Founded in 1966 by Clare College, Clare Hall is a college for advanced study, admitting only postgraduate students alongside postdoctoral researchers and fellows. It was established to serve as an Institute of Advanced Studies and has slowly grown and developed into a full constituent college. It is a registered charity.

Clare Hall is one of the smallest colleges with around 250 graduate students, but around 125 fellows, making it the highest ratio of fellows to students at the University of Cambridge. Notwithstanding its small size, the college is also notable for its high number of Nobel laureate affiliates. Clare Hall maintains many Cambridge traditions, including formal halls and the tutorial system.
Our Sister Killjoy
Our Sister Killjoy: or Reflections from a Black-eyed Squint is the debut novel of Ghanaian author Ama Ata Aidoo, first published by Longman in 1977. It has been called "a witty, experimental work whose main point is a stylish dismissal of characteristic attitudes of both the white world and the black middle class." It was described by one reviewer as "a strikingly unusual and pertinent commentary on the African encounter with the West, on European soil.... Without being a conventional narrative or biography, it is a text that uses the framework of an account of a state-sponsored visit to Germany by a young Ghanaian woman (the 'Sister' of the title, usually addressed as 'Sissie') to analyse what Europe is and does to those Africans whom it 'sponsors' and educates."

Longman
Longman, also known as Pearson Longman, is a publishing company founded in 1724 in London, England, that is owned by Pearson PLC.

Since 1968, Longman has been used primarily as an imprint by Pearson's Schools business. The Longman brand is also used for the Longman Schools in China and the Longman Dictionary.
Ayub Thakur
Muhammad Ayyub Thakur (1948 – 10 March 2004) was a political activist and founder of London-based World Kashmir Freedom Movement (WKFM). He also founded a charity organization called 'Mercy Universal'. In 2011, according to a report by The Telegraph, It was a front group for Pakistan's Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI).  After investigatation by the British Charity Commission, Scotland Yard and the FBI, it was stated that his organization had direct contacts with Hizbul Mujahideen, an EU-Sanctioned insurgent organization.

In 2001, Indian Government had booked him under  Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act for providing financing & logistical support to terrorists.

His son Muzammil Ayub Thakur is an active representative member of the UK based NGO

University of Kashmir
University of Kashmir (UoK), informally known as Kashmir University (KU), is a public state university located in the Hazratbal neighbourhood, on the western side of Dal Lake in the city of Srinagar, in Jammu and Kashmir, India, which was established in 1948.

The university offers undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral programs in the fields of liberal arts, business, commerce & management studies, education, law, applied sciences & Technology, biological sciences, physical & material sciences, social sciences, medicine, dentistry, engineering, oriental learning, and music & fine arts. It was awarded Grade "A++" by the NAAC in June 2025. It was awarded rank 34 among universities in India by NIRF ranking 2025.
Janota
Janota is a surname. In the Czech Republic and Poland, it comes from the personal name Jan ("John") and the suffix -ota. In Portuguese, it means "elegant".

Eduard Janota (1952–2011), Czech economist

Elisabeth von Janota-Bzowski (1912–2012), German artist

Jolanta Janota (born 1964), Polish athlete

Michał Janota (born 1990), Polish footballer

Miroslav Janota (born 1948), Czech wrestler

Oldřich Janota (1949–2024), Czech singer-songwriter

Ricardo Janota (born 1987), Portuguese footballer

Elisabeth von Janota-Bzowski
Elisabeth von Janota-Bzowski (23 November 1912 – 15 August 2012) was a German graphic artist known for her postage stamps and magazine designs. Born in Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein Province, in 1912, Von Janota-Bzowski sold her first art as a teenager.

She began designing stamps later in her career. Von Janota-Bzowski designed more than thirty stamps for the Deutsche Post during her career. She one remarked, "Eine Briefmarke ist ein Mini-Plakat, und ein Plakat ist ein Telegramm," which roughly translates to, "A stamp is a mini-poster, and a poster is a telegram."

She died in Marl, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, on 15 August 2012, at the age of 99.
St Paul's Church, Boughton
St Paul's Church overlooks the River Dee in Boughton, Chester, Cheshire, England. The church is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building, and, before its closure, was an Anglican parish church in the diocese of Chester, the archdeaconry of Chester and the deanery of that diocese.  In the series Buildings of England, the architectural historian Nikolaus Pevsner stated that he regarded it as "the boldest of Douglas' church designs".

It ceased to be a church in 2016, when it was closed by the Diocese, as it was found to be in very bad repair. It was named by the Victorian Society as one of the Top Ten Heritage Buildings at Risk for 2016.

Boughton, Cheshire
Boughton is a neighbourhood to the east of Chester city centre, part of the unitary authority of Cheshire West and Chester and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. It is located atop the steep banks of the River Dee as it turns the meadows bend for the last time around the 'Earls Eye' before flowing into Chester.

Most of Boughton forms part of an unparished area which until 1974 comprised the county borough of Chester. The adjoining areas of Boughton Heath and Vicars Cross lie within the separate civil parish of Great Boughton, which is outside the boundaries of the city of Chester.
Atypus karschi
Atypus karschi is a mygalomorph spider found in Korea, China, Taiwan, and Japan. It has been introduced into the United States. First described in 1887 by Friedrich Karl Wilhelm Dönitz, the specific name honors arachnologist Ferdinand Karsch.

Mygalomorphae
The Mygalomorphae, or mygalomorphs, are an infraorder of spiders, and comprise one of three major groups of living spiders with over 3,000 species, found on all continents except Antarctica. Many members are known as trapdoor spiders due to their creation of trapdoors over their burrows. Other prominent groups include Australian funnel web spiders and tarantulas, with the latter accounting for around one third of all mygalomorphs.
Jerry Lewis filmography
Jerry Lewis appeared in movies and television from 1949 to 2017.

Lewis appeared in numerous films alongside singer Dean Martin. He also starred in such films as The Bellboy (1960), Cinderfella (1960), The Errand Boy (1961), The Nutty Professor (1963), The King of Comedy (1982), Max Rose (2013), and The Trust (2016).

Cinderfella
Cinderfella is a 1960 American semi-musical comedy film adaptation of the classic Cinderella story, with most characters changed in gender from female to male and starring Jerry Lewis as Fella. It was released on November 22, 1960, by Paramount Pictures.
Jacques de la Faye
Jacques de la Faye was a 17th and 18th century French writer whose Defensio Religionis ('"Defense of Religion'), a 251-page critique of the pantheism of John Toland, was published at Utrecht by G. Broedelet in 1709. De la Faye's was the first recorded use of the word "pantheism".

John Toland
John Toland (30 November 1670 – 11 March 1722) was an Irish rationalist philosopher and freethinker, and occasional satirist, who wrote numerous books and pamphlets on political philosophy and philosophy of religion, which are early expressions of the philosophy of the Age of Enlightenment. Born in Ireland, he was educated at the universities of Glasgow, Edinburgh, Leiden and Oxford and was influenced by the philosophy of John Locke.

His first, and best known work, Christianity Not Mysterious (1696), opposed hierarchy in both church and state. In Ireland, copies were burned by the public hangman, and he was forced to flee the country never to return.
Whakaata Māori
Whakaata Māori is a New Zealand television channel that broadcasts programmes that make a significant contribution to the revitalisation of the Māori language and culture. Funded by the New Zealand Government, it commenced broadcasting as Māori Television on 28 March 2004 from its studios in Newmarket, Auckland. It has since moved to East Tamaki, Auckland.

East Tāmaki
East Tāmaki is a suburb of Auckland, New Zealand. It is a largely industrial area adjacent to a rapidly growing population. Prior to the 1960s it was largely a dairy farming area. A landmark is Smales Mountain which in 2010 had the remains of an old Pā, a stone field garden, an early church, and a farm homestead. A newer landmark is the Fo Guang Shan Temple which was the largest Buddhist temple in New Zealand when it opened in 2007.
Ekara
Ekara is a small village in Hajipur Tehsil/Block in Vaishali District in Indian state of Bihar, India. It comes under Ekara Panchayat. It belongs to Tirhut Division. It is located 9 km towards North from District headquarters Hajipur. As per 2009 stats, Thathan Buzurg is the gram panchayat of Ekara village. It is about 23 km from the state capital Patna. Sonpur, Hajipur, Lalganj are the nearby cities to Ekara.

Lalganj, Bihar
Lalganj is an important town and Nearest City (40 kilometres from the capital of Bihar, Patna),  
(60 kilometres from Morden Old City Mehsi), (37.6Kilometres from North Bihar Headquarter Muzaffarpur) and river port situated in Vaishali district, Bihar.
1987 Benson & Hedges Championships – Doubles
John McEnroe and Peter Fleming were the defending champions, but McEnroe could not compete this year after facing a two-month suspension due to committing three code violations on his match against Slobodan Živojinović at the US Open. Fleming teamed up with Henri Leconte and lost in the first round to Mark Kratzmann and Laurie Warder.

Miloslav Mečíř and Tomáš Šmíd won the title by defeating Ken Flach and Robert Seguso 7–5, 6–4 in the final.

Peter Fleming (tennis)
Peter Blair Fleming (born January 21, 1955, in Chatham Borough, New Jersey) is an American former professional tennis player. In his doubles partnership with John McEnroe, he won 52 titles, of which seven were at Grand Slams (four at Wimbledon, three at the US Open). As a singles player, he peaked at world No. 8, winning three titles (including the 1979 Cincinnati Open).
Army Operational Command (Denmark)
Army Operational Command (Danish: Hærens Operative Kommando), short "HOK", was the Danish Army's top authority. It is a Level.II command authority, directly under the Defence Command. HOK was formed on 1 January 1991.

The origin of HOK can be traced back to 1808, with the forming of the General staff. Initially located in Aarhus, 1 August 1993 it had its headquarters in Karup, Denmark.

Due to the recent Defence agreement 2005-2009 many changes are currently in the process of being implemented, so the following subordinated list might not be fully complete or fully accurate. Directly subordinated is the following Level.III authorities.

Defence Command (Denmark)
The Danish Defence Command (DCD) (Danish: Forsvarskommando, FKO) is the Danish joint military command and the top coordination and controlling authority of the Danish Armed Forces. It is a Level I command authority, directly under the Ministry of Defence.

It consists of the Chief of Defence and three service staffs, Operations and Planning Staffs, known collectively as Forsvarsstaben (the Defence Staff), Arctic Command and the Special Operations Command.
Trinidad Orisha
Trinidad Orisha, also known as Orisha religion and Shango, is a syncretic religion in Trinidad and Tobago and the Caribbean, originally from West Africa (Yoruba religion). Trinidad Orisha incorporates elements of Spiritual Baptism, and the closeness between Orisha and Spiritual Baptism has led to use of the term "Shango Baptist" to refer to members of either or both religions. Anthropologist James Houk described Trinidad Orisha as an "Afro-American religious complex", incorporating elements mainly from traditional African religion and Yoruba and including some elements from Christianity (Catholicism and Protestantism), Hinduism, Islam (especially Sufism), Buddhism, Judaism (especially Kabbalah), Baháʼí, and Amerindian mythologies.

"The religious practice involves a music-centered worship service, in which collective singing and drumming accompany spirit possession and animal sacrifice (typically goats, sheep, and fowl)."

Religious syncretism
Religious syncretism is the blending of religious belief systems into a new system, or the incorporation of other beliefs into an existing religious tradition.

This can occur for many reasons, where religious traditions exist in proximity to each other, or when a culture is conquered and the conquerors bring their religious beliefs with them, but do not succeed in eradicating older beliefs and practices.

Many religions have syncretic elements, but adherents often frown upon the application of the label, especially those who belong to "revealed" religions, such as Abrahamic religions, or any system with an exclusivist approach, seeing syncretism as corrupting the original religion. Non-exclusivist systems of belief on the other hand feel more free to incorporate  other traditions into their own.
Düstur
The Ottoman Code of Public Laws, also known as the Düstur or Destur or Doustour, was a set of laws in the Ottoman Empire. It includes the penal code as well as some civil and commercial laws.

The first Ottoman Turkish volume was published in 1862, and the second was published in 1865. Serialization began in 1872, and the first volume labeled "Destur" was published in 1873. The final volume was published in 1886.

M. Safa Saraçoğlu, author of "Economic Interventionism, Islamic Law and Provincial Government in the Ottoman Empire," stated that its style and structure are similar to that of the 1851 legal collection Mecmu'a-yı Kavanin.

Vilayet
A vilayet (Ottoman Turkish: ولایت, 'province'; [vi.laː.jet]), also known by various other names, was a first-order administrative division of the later Ottoman Empire. It was introduced in the Vilayet Law of 21 January 1867, part of the Tanzimat reform movement initiated by the Ottoman Reform Edict of 1856. The Danube Vilayet had been specially formed in 1864 as an experiment under the leading reformer Midhat Pasha. The Vilayet Law expanded its use, but it was not until 1884 that it was applied to all of the empire's provinces. Writing for the Encyclopaedia Britannica in 1911, Vincent Henry Penalver Caillard claimed that the reform had intended to provide the provinces with greater amounts of local self-government but in fact centralized more power with the sultan and local Muslims at the expense of other communities.
Pontiac, South Carolina
Pontiac is an unincorporated community in Richland County, South Carolina, United States.

Pontiac is the location of Pontiac Foods, a coffee, spice, rice and beans plant owned by The Kroger Company.  Pontiac Foods has been in Pontiac for over 30 years and employs over 250 full-time associates.

Spring Valley High School and Pontiac Elementary School are located in Pontiac.

Spring Valley High School (South Carolina)
Spring Valley High School is located in unincorporated Northeast Columbia, South Carolina, United States, and is operated by Richland County School District Two. Opened in the fall of 1970, it was for a long time the sole high school operating in Richland School District Two, replacing Dentsville High School.
Shigeaki Ushijima
Shigeaki Ushijima (牛島 茂昭, Ushijima Shigeaki, born July 13, 1977) is a Japanese luger who has competed since 1996. Competing in three Winter Olympics, he earned his best finish of 16th in the men's singles event at Nagano in 1998.

Ushijima's best finish at the FIL World Luge Championships was 21st in the men's singles event twice (2004, 2007).

Nagano (city)
Nagano (長野市, Nagano-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜɡano, naɡanoꜜɕi]) is the capital and largest city of Nagano Prefecture, located in the Nagano Basin (Zenkoji Daira) in the central Chūbu region of Japan. Nagano is categorized as a core city of Japan. Nagano City is the highest prefectural capital in Japan, with an altitude of 371.4 meters (1,219 ft).

The city is surrounded by mountains, the highest of which is Mount Takatsuma (2,353 m), and it is near the confluence of the Chikuma River—the longest and widest river in Japan—and the Sai River. As of 1 July 2023, the city had an estimated population of 365,296 in 160,625 households, and a population density of 438 persons per km². The total area of the city is 834.81 square kilometres (322.32 sq mi).
Edward B. Eichelberger
Edward B. Eichelberger (born February 8, 1934, in Norfolk, VA) is an American engineer and wrestler. He holds the distinctions of IBM Fellow and IEEE Fellow (1986) for contributions to VLSI chip design, integrated circuit design, and electronic design automation. Eichelberger shared with Thomas W. Williams (engineer) the 1989 IEEE Computer Society W. Wallace McDowell Award “for developing the level-sensitive scan technique of testing solid-state logic circuits and for leading, defining, and promoting design for testability concepts.” In 2000, Eichelberger received the IEEE Test Technology Technical Council's Lifetime Contribution Medal.

In 2009, Eichelberger was inducted in the National Wrestling Hall of Fame.

National Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum
The National Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum is a museum and hall of fame for amateur wrestling, headquartered in Stillwater, Oklahoma. In 2010, it began operating the Dan Gable Museum in Waterloo, Iowa.
XVIII Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (T.F.)
XVIII Brigade, Royal Horse Artillery (Territorial Force) was a Royal Horse Artillery brigade of the Territorial Force that was formed by the Egyptian Expeditionary Force in Palestine in July 1917 for the ANZAC Mounted Division.  It served with the division thereafter in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign and was broken up after the end of World War I.

Royal Horse Artillery
The Royal Horse Artillery (RHA) was formed in 1793 as a distinct arm of the Royal Regiment of Artillery (commonly termed Royal Artillery) to provide horse artillery support to the cavalry units of the British Army. Although the cavalry link remained part of its defining character, as early as the Battle of Waterloo the RHA was sometimes deployed more along the lines of conventional field artillery, fighting from comparatively fixed positions.

The Royal Horse Artillery, currently consists of three regiments, (1 RHA, 3 RHA and 7 RHA) and one ceremonial unit (King's Troop, Royal Horse Artillery). Almost all the batteries of the Royal Horse Artillery have served continuously since the French Revolutionary Wars or Napoleonic Wars, except the King's Troop, created in 1946, and M Battery, which was 'reanimated' in 1993. Horses are still in service for ceremonial purposes but were phased out from operational deployment in the 1930s.
2019 BBVA Open Ciudad de Valencia – Doubles
Irina Khromacheva and Nina Stojanović were the defending champions, but chose not to participate.

Irina Bara and Rebeka Masarova won the title, defeating Andrea Gámiz and Seone Mendez in the final, 6–4, 7–6(7–2).

Irina Khromacheva
Irina Pavlovna Khromacheva (Russian: Ирина Павловна Хромачёва; born 12 May 1995) is a Russian professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. She has career-high WTA rankings of world No. 14 in doubles achieved on 3 March 2025 and No. 89 in singles, reached on 27 February 2017.
The Peggies
The Peggies (stylized as the peggies) was a Japanese rock band formed in Kawasaki, Kanagawa, in 2011. The band is signed with Poppo Express and is currently affiliated with Epic Records Japan. Their name originates from the female name Peggy.

On July 8, 2022, the band announced that they would be going on indefinite hiatus in September the same year, following the release of a best of compilation album MMY and final tour "the peggies tour 2022 My White".

Epic Records Japan
Epic Records Japan is a Japanese record label owned by Sony Music Labels Inc., a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment Japan. Its founder was Shigeo Maruyama.

Between 1978 and 1988 the label operated as a wholly owned subsidiary: Epic/Sony Inc. (株式会社EPIC・ソニー), established in August 1978 and was later folded back into CBS/Sony Group in March 1988.

In 2001, it was re-established as Epic Records Japan Inc. (株式会社エピックレコードジャパン, Kabushiki Gaisha Epikku Rekoodo Japan). In 2014, Sony Music Records Inc. absorbed Epic Records Japan Inc. alongside other Sony Japan subsidiaries, changing its name to Sony Music Labels. Since the absorption, Epic Records Japan has operated as an imprint of Sony Music Labels.

Notable music artists for this company have included Hikaru Utada, Tetsuya Komuro, and Kimiko Itoh.
1999 Kazakhstan Cup final
The 1999 Kazakhstan Cup final was the seventh final of the Kazakhstan Cup. The match was contested by Kaisar-Hurricane and Vostok-Altyn at Central Stadium in Almaty. The match was played on 16 Jule 1999 and was the final match of the competition.

Almaty Central Stadium
Almaty Central Stadium (Kazakh: Алматы орталық стадионы, romanized: Almaty ortalyq stadiony, simply referred to as the Central Stadium (Kazakh: Орталық стадион, romanized: Ortalyq stadion), is a multi-purpose stadium in Almaty, Kazakhstan and the largest sports complex in the country. It is currently used mostly for football matches. The stadium is shared by FC Kairat Almaty. It also serves as the home stadium for the Kazakhstan national football team.
Gagosian
Gagosian is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Larry Gagosian (born 1945), American art dealer
Gagosian Gallery, an art gallery owned by Larry Gagosian

Robert Gagosian (born 1944), American oceanographer

Larry Gagosian
Lawrence Gilbert "Larry" Gagosian (born April 19, 1945) is an American art dealer who owns the Gagosian Gallery chain of art galleries. Working in concert with collectors including Douglas S. Cramer, Eli Broad, and Keith Barish, he developed a reputation for staging museum-quality exhibitions of contemporary art.
Konoe Michitsugu
Konoe Michitsugu (近衛 道嗣; 1333 – 1387), son of Mototsugu, was a kugyō or Japanese court noble of the Muromachi period (1336–1573). He held a regent position kampaku from 1361 to 1363. Kanetsugu was his son.

Kugyō
Kugyō (公卿) is the collective term for the most important officials attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras. The term generally referred to the Kō (公) and Kei (卿) court officials and denoted a court rank between First Rank and Third Rank under the Ritsuryō system, as opposed to the lower court nobility, thus being the collective term for the upper court nobility. However, later on some holders of the Fourth Rank were also included.

In 1869, following the Meiji Restoration, the court nobility and daimyo were merged into a new peerage, the kazoku.