hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Criticism of Islamism
The ideas and practices of the leaders, preachers, and movements of the Islamic revival movement known as Islamism (also referred to as Political Islam) have been criticized by non-Muslims and Muslims (often Islamic modernists and liberals).

Among those authors, scholars and leaders who have criticized Islamism, or some element of it, are Maajid Nawaz, Reza Aslan, Abdelwahab Meddeb, Muhammad Sa'id al-'Ashmawi, Khaled Abu al-Fadl, Gilles Kepel, Matthias Küntzel, Joseph E. B. Lumbard, Olivier Roy, and Indonesian Islamic group Nahdlatul Ulama.

Tenets of the Islamist movement that have come under criticism include: restrictions on freedom of expression to prevent apostasy from and insults to Islam; that Islam is not only a religion but a governing system; that historical Sharia, or Islamic law, is one, universal system of law, accessible to humanity, and necessary to enforcement for Islam to be truly practiced.

Joseph E. B. Lumbard
Joseph E. B. Lumbard (born 1969) is an American Muslim scholar of Islamic studies, and associate professor of Quranic studies at the College of Islamic Studies at Hamad Bin Khalifa University in Qatar. He is the author, editor, and translator of several scholarly books and many articles on Islamic philosophy, Sufism, and Quranic studies.
Squirrel and Hedgehog
Squirrel and Hedgehog (Korean: 다람이와 고슴도치) is a North Korean animated series made by SEK Studio. Squirrel and Hedgehog is one of the most popular animated series in North Korea. The show was supposedly discontinued in 2012, which was around the time North Korean state television changed its broadcasting schedule, which cut several animated programs along with it.

The first episode of the show, produced in 1977, is based on a short novel published in a North Korean children's magazine in the 1970s. The short film was so popular with the public that the crew decided to turn the show into a series. In 2006, the producers said the show would be in production.

The series was re-aired on Korean Central Television since July 2023 for the show's 46th anniversary. It is currently being re-aired as of July 2025.

A sequel is currently in production, according to a report from the Rodong Sinmun, the official newspaper of the ruling party of North Korea.

Crow
A crow is a bird of the genus Corvus, or more broadly, a synonym for all of Corvus. The word "crow" is used as part of the common name of many species. The related term "raven" is not linked scientifically to any certain trait but is rather a general grouping for larger-sized species of Corvus.  The collective name for a group of crows is a "murder".
Sa Coma
Sa Coma is a town on the east coast of the island of Mallorca, Spain. It is close to the towns of Cala Millor and Cala Bona in the municipality of Sant Llorenç des Cardassar. To the south it merges with the small town of S'illot.

A majority of the residents of Sa Coma work in the hospitality industry and have seasonal contracts. The town's principal industry is tourism, based around its sandy beach, bars and restaurants. The resort has a relaxed atmosphere in contrast to the lively resort of Magaluf on the west coast of the island. Sa Coma is more family oriented, and evening entertainment centres on hotels, rather than in bars or clubs.

Some of the shops in Sa Coma also cater for tourists, with many products in the supermarkets being imported from tourists' home countries. There is a Carrefour hypermarket within Sa Coma town, previously owned by Eroski.

Sa Coma caters for touring Rugby Union teams (15 a side) throughout the year.

Carrefour
Carrefour Group, S.A. (French: Groupe Carrefour, [kaʁfuʁ] ⓘ), is a French multinational retail and wholesaling corporation headquartered in Massy, France. It operates a chain of hypermarkets, grocery stores and convenience stores. By 2024, the group had 14,000 stores in 40 countries. It is the seventh-largest retailer in the world by revenue.
Friedrich Dietz von Weidenberg
Friedrich Dietz von Weidenberg (27 October 1871 – 9 December 1941) was an Austrian architect and sports shooter. He competed in the team clay pigeon event at the 1924 Summer Olympics.

As an architect he built mostly in his home district of Floridsdorf. His most important works are from the time between 1900 and 1910, like the Weissel-Bad (a former public bath, the façade is now part of a housing complex) and a villa that now houses the district museum (listed as cultural heritage monuments).

Shooting at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Men's team trap
The men's team clay pigeons was a shooting sports event held as part of the Shooting at the 1924 Summer Olympics programme. It was the fourth appearance of the event. The competition was held on 6 and 7 July 1924 at the shooting ranges at Issy-les-Moulineaux. 69 shooters from 12 nations competed.

Note: The International Olympic Committee medal database shows all six team members as medalists. The shooters in italics were the weakest of their teams and their scores did not count for the team score.
Ian Tulloch
Ian "Inky" Tulloch QSO JP (born 21 September 1950) is a New Zealand racing-driver and a former politician in both local and national politics. He is most famous for his career in racing saloon cars as well as for being the last Mayor of Mataura before it became part of the Gore District Council. His father was Malcolm "Mac" Tulloch, a man who had been the Mayor of Mataura twice between 1959 and 1962 and between 1968 and 1970.

Gore District Council
Gore District Council is the territorial authority for the Gore District of New Zealand.

The council is led by the mayor of Gore, who is currently Ben Bell. There are also eight ward councillors and three councillors elected at large.
Ed Mincher
Edward John Mincher (June 7, 1851 – August 12, 1918) was an American professional baseball player. He is considered a "major leaguer" for parts of two seasons with the Fort Wayne Kekiongas and Washington Nationals.

Previously he was an outfielder for the Maryland club of Baltimore, 1868 to 1870. Maryland was one of the pioneer pro clubs when the National Association first permitted professional members in 1869.

Mincher was born in Baltimore, Maryland and died in Brooklyn, New York at the age of 67.

National Association of Professional Base Ball Players
The National Association of Professional Base Ball Players (NAPBBP), often known simply as the National Association (NA), was the first fully-professional sports league in baseball. The NA was founded in 1871 and continued through the 1875 season. It incorporated several professional clubs from the National Association of Base Ball Players (NABBP) of 1857–1870, sometimes called "the amateur Association". In turn, several NA clubs created the succeeding National League of Professional Baseball Clubs (the National League, founded 1876), which joined with the American League of Professional Baseball Clubs (the American League, founded 1901) in the National Agreement of 1903, a "peace pact" that recognized each other as legitimate "major leagues". Following nearly a century of cooperation, the two leagues eventually merged into one organization in 2000 as Major League Baseball (MLB).
2021 Armenian political crisis
The 2021 Armenian political crisis was an alleged military coup attempt by the Armed Forces of Armenia led by the Chief of the General Staff of the Armenian Armed Forces Onik Gasparyan against the government of Armenian Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan. Pashinyan accused Gasparyan and 40 other high-ranking military officers of attempting a coup after they published a statement calling for Pashinyan's resignation on 25 February 2021.

Chief of the General Staff (Armenia)
The Chief of the General Staff of Armenian Armed Forces (Armenian: ՀՀ Զինված ուժերի Գլխավոր շտաբի պետ, romanized: HH Zinvats uzheri Glkhavor shtabi pet) is the highest-ranking military officer of the Armed Forces of Armenia, who is responsible for maintaining the operational command of the military and its three major branches.
Microspore
Microspores are land plant spores that develop into male gametophytes, whereas megaspores develop into female gametophytes. The male gametophyte gives rise to sperm cells, which are used for fertilization of an egg cell to form a zygote. Megaspores are structures that are part of the alternation of generations in many seedless vascular cryptogams, all gymnosperms and all angiosperms. Plants with heterosporous life cycles using microspores and megaspores arose independently in several plant groups during the Devonian period. Microspores are haploid, and are produced from diploid microsporocytes by meiosis.

Zygote
A zygote (/ˈzaɪˌɡoʊt/ ⓘ; from Ancient Greek  ζυγωτός (zygōtós) 'joined, yoked', from  ζυγοῦν (zygoun) 'to join, to yoke') is a eukaryotic cell formed by a fertilization event between two gametes.

The zygote's genome is a combination of the DNA in each gamete, and contains all of the genetic information of a new individual organism.

The sexual fusion of haploid cells is called karyogamy, the result of which is the formation of a diploid cell called the zygote (or zygospore in specific cases).
Szade Góry
Szade Góry [ˈʂadɛ ˈɡurɨ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Kartuzy, within Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Kartuzy
Gmina Kartuzy is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Kartuzy, which lies approximately 29 kilometres (18 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 205.28 square kilometres (79.3 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 31,100 (out of which the population of Kartuzy amounts to 15,263, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 15,837).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Kashubian Landscape Park.
Eurofly Fire Cat
The Eurofly Fire Cat is an Italian ultralight aircraft that was designed and produced by Eurofly srl of Galliera Veneta. Now out of production, when it was available the aircraft was supplied as a complete ready-to-fly-aircraft or as a kit for amateur construction.

Rotax 503
The Rotax 503 is a 37 kW (50 hp), inline 2-cylinder, two-stroke aircraft engine, built by BRP-Rotax GmbH & Co. KG of Austria for use in ultralight aircraft.

For decades the engine was one of the most popular and reputedly reliable aircraft engines in its class (two-stroke, under 60 horsepower), and it remains widely used and supported.

As of 2011 the Rotax 503 is no longer in production. However, a Russian manufacturer has developed an approximate reproduction, the RMZ 500.  Rotax subsequently offered only one other two-stroke engine for aircraft, the partially water-cooled Rotax 582.
Mogal Maa
Mogal Maa is a Hindu folk goddess widely worshiped in Gujarat. She is widely worshipped by Charan, Rabari and Ahir community of Gujarat. She is depicted as wearing red Ghagra choli and black odhani wielding a sword in one hand raised, ready for war stance and a Nāg (Black Cobra) in other hand, which she is holding from her tail and is depicted as a her ally and a weapon. Her eyes are depcited as wide and red in anger and in aggressive war stance. The followers believe that goddess grants favors, especially children, and cures diseases. Her chief temples are located at Bhimrana (birth place), Bhaguda and Kabrau all in Gujarat. She is said to have been born in Charan family at Bhimrana village in middle of 7th century AD. At Bhaguda, people do not lock their shops and home due to the awe of Mogal Mata just like at Shani Shingnapur.

Rabari
The Rabari people (also known as Rebari, Raika, Desai and Dewasi people) are a caste group from Rajasthan, Kutch region of Gujarat, Maharashtra, Haryana, Punjab of India and the Sindh province of Pakistan. They were traditionally camel herders but have now taken to rearing sheep and cattle.
Y. B. Mangunwijaya
Yusuf Bilyarta Mangunwijaya (Ambarawa, Central Java, 6 May 1929 – Carolus Hospital, Paseban, Senen, Central Jakarta, 10 February 1999), was an Indonesian architect, writer, and Catholic priest. He was popularly known as Romo Mangun (Father Mangun).

Central Jakarta
Central Jakarta (Indonesian: Jakarta Pusat, Betawi: Jakarté Bèlah Tengah), abbreviated as Jakpus, is one of the five administrative cities (kota administrasi) and de facto Capital City of the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. It had 902,973 inhabitants according to the 2010 census and 1,056,896 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as of mid-2023 was 1,103,357, comprising 553,471 males and 549,886 females. Central Jakarta is not self-governed and does not have a city council, hence it is not classified as a proper municipality.

Central Jakarta is the smallest in area and population of the five administrative cities of Jakarta. It is both the administrative and political center of Jakarta and Indonesia. Central Jakarta contains several large international hotels and major landmarks such as Hotel Indonesia.
Haugstad
Haugstad is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bjørn Haugstad (born 1969), Norwegian civil servant and politician

Eirik Haugstad (born 1994), Norwegian footballer

Phil Haugstad (1924–1998), American baseball player

Phil Haugstad
Philip Donald Haugstad  (February 23, 1924 – October 21, 1998) was an American pitcher in Major League Baseball.

He was born in Black River Falls, Wisconsin. Haugstad pitched from 1947 to 1952 with the Brooklyn Dodgers and Cincinnati Reds.
Titanic Three
The Titanic Three is a fictional team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The team consisted of 3 supervillains: Titanium Man, Radioactive Man and Crimson Dynamo.  While the Radioactive Man was a Chinese super-villain, the other members of the team were from the Soviet Union.  Thus the team was one of the several reflections of the Cold War in the Marvel Universe.

Supervillain
A supervillain, supervillainess or supercriminal is a variant of the villainous stock character. The character is a common archetype in comic books and other popular culture, often acting as the primary adversary of superheros.

Supervillains are often noted for their ability to foil heroes through the use of superpowers, their mental or physical capabilities, or their criminal influence, often creating grandiose schemes for nefarious purposes, such as world domination.
Seven Tubs Recreation Area
Seven Tubs Recreation Area is a publicly accessible recreation area located in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, and owned by the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources. Continuously flowing glacial meltwater gouged a line of smooth tubs in gritty sandstone over 12,000 years ago. The tubs are potholes formed by the flowing water. The site is part of a 537-acre (2.17 km2) recreation area in the Pennsylvania mountains about 4 miles (6.4 km) south of downtown Wilkes-Barre. The site is popular among hikers for its easy accessibility and beginner-level hiking environment.

Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources
The Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (DCNR), established in 1995, is the agency in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania responsible for maintaining and preserving the state's 124 state parks and 20 state forests; providing information on the state's natural resources; and working with communities to benefit local recreation and natural areas. The agency has its headquarters in the Rachel Carson State Office Building in Harrisburg.
E. L. Senanayake
Deshamanya Edward Lionel Senanayake (known commonly as E.L Senanayake)  (8 August 1920 – 29 January 2000) was a Sri Lankan politician belonging to the United National Party. He was the 12th Speaker of the Sri Lankan Parliament. Senanayake was the Governor of North Central Province and Central Province of Sri Lanka. He was elected to the Sri Lankan Parliament from Mahanuwara in Kandy.

He was the son of Gate Mudaliyar James Senanayake and was educated at Trinity College, Kandy and at the University College, Colombo graduating with an honours degree in Economics. Having entered politics at the age of 23 after being elected to the Kandy Municipal Council, he went on to serve as Mayor before being elected to Parliament.

Kandy Electoral District
Kandy (Mahanuwara) electoral district is one of the 22 multi-member electoral districts of Sri Lanka created by the 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka. The district is conterminous with the administrative district of Kandy in the Central province. The district currently elects 12 of the 225 members of the Sri Lankan Parliament and had 970,456 registered electors in 2010. It is Sri Lanka's Electorate Number 04.
Bijeypur
Vijaypur also known as Bijeypur is a town located in district Sheopur, Madhya Pradesh, India. This town is a part of the Vijaypur (Vidhan Sabha) constituency and Morena (Lok Sabha) constituency. It is located on the bank of the Kwari River. The town is one of the gateways to the Kuno National Park, the site selected as a second home to the Asiatic Lion and also for cheetah reintroduction in India.

Vijaypur, Madhya Pradesh Assembly constituency
Vijaypur Assembly constituency  is one of the 230 Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. This constituency came into existence in 1951, as Vijaypur, one of the 79 Vidhan Sabha constituencies of the erstwhile Madhya Bharat state.

Vijaypur (constituency number 2) is one of the two Vidhan Sabha constituencies located in Sheopur district. This constituency covers the entire Vijaypur and Karahal sub-divisions of the district.

Vijaypur is part of Morena Lok Sabha constituency.
Secchia
The Secchia (pronounced [ˈsekkja]; Emilian: Sècia; called by Pliny Gabellus) is an Italian river. One of the main right bank tributaries of the Po, it flows through the Emilia-Romagna region in northern Italy.

It is 172 kilometres (107 mi) long, and has a drainage basin with a catchment area of 2,292 square kilometres (885 mi2), alternating between aridity in the dry summer months and higher flows during the wet spring and autumn periods. It originates at Alpe di Succiso at an elevation of 2,017 metres (6,617 ft), close to the pass of Cerreto in the Tuscan-Emilian Apennines, then it heads north, touching on the territory of Frignano, passing into the territory of the commune of Pavullo nel Frignano and reaching the Po Valley close to Sassuolo (in the province of Modena). Here it touches on the city of Modena and, with its riverbank protected by embankments, runs into the Po just south of Mantua, close to the mouth of the Mincio.

Emilian language
Emilian (Reggiano, Parmesan and Modenese: emigliân; Bolognese: emigliàn; Piacentino: emigliän; Italian: emiliano) is a Gallo-Italic unstandardised language spoken in the historical region of Emilia, which is now in the western part of Emilia-Romagna.

Emilian has a default word order of subject–verb–object and both grammatical gender (masculine and feminine) and grammatical number (singular and plural). There is a strong T–V distinction, which distinguishes varying levels of politeness, social distance, courtesy, familiarity or insult. The alphabet, largely adapted from the Italian (Tuscan) one, uses a considerable number of diacritics.
Karin Landgren
Karin Landgren (born 1957) is the executive director of the independent think tank Security Council Report. A former United Nations Under-Secretary-General, she has headed multiple UN peace operations. She has also worked extensively in humanitarian response, development, and protection with the UN refugee agency, UNHCR, and the UN Children's Fund, UNICEF.

Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations
An under-secretary-general of the United Nations (USG) is a senior official within the United Nations System, normally appointed by the General Assembly on the recommendation of the secretary-general for a renewable term of four years. Under-secretary-general is the third highest rank in the United Nations, after the secretary-general and the deputy secretary-general. The rank is held by the heads of different UN entities, certain high officials of the United Nations Secretariat, and high-level envoys. The United Nations regards the rank as equal to that of a cabinet minister of a member state, and under-secretaries-general have diplomatic immunity under the UN Charter.
San Fatucchio
San Fatucchio (also Sanfatuccio) is a frazione of the comune of Castiglione del Lago in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 301 metres above sea level. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 it had 644 inhabitants.

Churches in San Fatucchio

Santa Maria delle Grazie

San Felice

Province of Perugia
The province of Perugia (Italian: provincia di Perugia) is the larger of the two provinces in the Umbria region of Italy, comprising two-thirds of both the area and population of the region. Its capital is the city of Perugia. The province covered all of Umbria until 1927, when the province of Terni was carved out of its southern third. The province of Perugia has an area of 6,337 km2 and a total population of 636,531 as of 2025, covering about two-thirds of Umbria. It has 59 municipalities.

The province has numerous tourist attractions, especially artistic and historical ones, and is home to the Lake Trasimeno, the largest lake of Central Italy. It is historically the ancestral origin of the Umbri, while later it was a Roman province and then part of the Papal States until the late 19th century.
Rameshwar Patidar
Rameshwar Pattidar (10 November 1938 – 27 April 2021) was an Indian politician and a leader of Bharatiya Janata Party. He was imprisoned under MISA during 
the emergency in 1975. He was elected to the 6th Lok Sabha from Khargone in Madhya Pradesh state in 1977. He was re-elected to the Lok Sabha in 1989, 1991, 1996 and 1998 from the same constituency.

Khargone Lok Sabha constituency
Khargone Lok Sabha constituency (Hindi: खरगौन लोकसभा निर्वाचन क्षेत्र) is one of the 29 Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh state in central India. This constituency came into existence in 1962. It is reserved for the candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes and covers the entire Barwani district and part of Khargone district.
Orbieu
The Orbieu (French pronunciation: [ɔʁbjø]; Occitan: Orbiu) is an 84.2-kilometre (52.3 mi) long river in the Aude département, in south central France. Its source is at Fourtou, in the Corbières Massif. It flows generally northeast. It is a right tributary of the Aude into which it flows between Raissac-d'Aude and Marcorignan, 10 kilometres (6 mi) northwest of Narbonne.

Narbonne
Narbonne (/nɑːrˈbɒn/ nar-BON, US also /-ˈbɔːn, -ˈbʌn/ -⁠BAWN, -⁠BUN, French: [naʁbɔn] ⓘ; Occitan: Narbona [naɾˈβunɔ]; Latin: Narbo [ˈna(ː)rboː]; Late Latin: Narbona) is a commune and subprefecture in Southern France, located in the Occitanie region. It is located about 15 km (9 mi) from the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and was historically a prosperous port city. Narbonne lies 849 km (528 mi) from Paris in the Aude department, of which it is an arrondissement. From the 14th century onwards, it declined following a change in the course of the river Aude. While it is the largest commune in Aude, the capital of the Aude department is the smaller commune of Carcassonne.