hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
LoopCo
LoopCo is an economic model created in the mid-1990s as a proposal to the Federal Communications Commission and the U.S. Congress for the healthy development of competition in the local and long distance telephone industries in the United States.

While there was widespread support among competitors in the industry, the concept was not implemented. Instead, the Telecom Act of 1996 was implemented in a form that resulted in the reduction of telecommunications competition in the local loop. The original proposal was designed and named by Roy Morris, an adjunct professor at Capitol College, and with US ONE Communications, one of the early entrants in the local telephone business (and, incidentally, one of the first to exit that business). The fundamental economic principles were developed based on earlier research and publications of Jerry Duvall, a prominent economist at the Federal Communications Commission.

Local loop
In telephony, the local loop (also referred to as the local tail, subscriber line, or in the aggregate as the last mile) is the physical link or circuit that connects from the demarcation point of the customer premises to the edge of the common carrier or telecommunications service provider's network.

At the edge of the carrier access network in a traditional public telephone network, the local loop terminates in a circuit switch housed in an incumbent local exchange carrier or telephone exchange.
Ichijō Michika
Ichijō Michika (一条 道香; November 18, 1722 – October 4, 1769), son of regent Kaneka, was a Japanese kugyō (court noble) of the Edo period (1603–1868). He held regent positions kampaku from 1746 to 1747 and from 1755 to 1757, and sesshō from 1747 to 1755.

He married an adopted daughter of Ikeda Tsugumasa, third head of Okayama Domain. She gave birth to, among others, Ichijō Teruyoshi and a daughter who later became a consort of Tokugawa Harumori, sixth head of Mito Domain

Okayama Domain
Okayama Domain (岡山藩, Okayama-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now eastern Okayama Prefecture on the island of Honshu. It controlled all of Bizen Province and a small portion of Bitchū Province was centered around Okayama Castle, and was ruled throughout its history by a branch of the Ikeda clan. Okayama Domain was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871 and is now part of Okayama Prefecture. Okayama Domain had two sub-domains, Kamogata Domain (鴨方藩) and Ikusaka Domain (生坂藩). In addition, six of the clans who served as hereditary karō of the domain had kokudaka equivalents to that of daimyō.
Karachay horse
The Karachay (Karach.-Balk. Къарачай ат) is developed in the Northern Caucasus. It comes from highland Karachay at the rise of the River Kuban.  They were developed by crossing regional horses with eastern stallions. Karachay horses are summered in rugged mountain country where there are wide changes in temperature and humidity, and wintered in the foothill and plains with some hay feeding. These conditions make the Karachay horse strong-limbed and sturdy.

Karachay-Balkar
Karachay–Balkar (къарачай-малкъар тил, qaraçay-malqar til), often referred to as the "mountaineer language" (тау тил, taw til) by its speakers, is a Turkic language spoken by the Karachays and Balkars in Kabardino-Balkaria and Karachay-Cherkessia, European Russia, as well as by an immigrant population in Afyonkarahisar Province, Turkey. It is divided into two dialects: Karachay-Baksan-Chegem, which pronounces two phonemes as /tʃ/ and /dʒ/ and Malkar, which pronounces the corresponding phonemes as /ts/ and /z/. The modern Karachay–Balkar written language is based on the Karachay–Baksan–Chegem dialect. The language is closely related to Kumyk.
World Magnetic Tour
The World Magnetic Tour was a concert tour by the American heavy metal band Metallica in support of the band's ninth studio album, Death Magnetic, which was released on September 12, 2008.

The tour officially kicked off in October 2008 in Glendale, United States, following three European promotional dates in September and two U.S. rehearsal shows. By September 2010, the tour had reached North America, Europe, South America, Asia and Oceania. The tour culminated with three dates in Melbourne, Australia, in late November 2010.

Glendale, Arizona
Glendale (/ˈɡlɛndeɪl/) is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States. Located about nine miles northwest of the state capital, as a suburb of Phoenix, Glendale is known for State Farm Stadium, which is the home of the Arizona Cardinals football team. The city also contains the Arrowhead Towne Center shopping mall. As of the 2020 census, Glendale had a population of 248,325.
Daviesia chapmanii
Daviesia chapmanii is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a dense, compact, rounded shrub with sharply-ridged branches, densely crowded, sharply-pointed phyllodes, and pale yellow flowers with deep pink markings.

Phyllode
Phyllodes are modified petioles or leaf stalks, which are leaf-like in both appearance and function. In some plants, these  become flattened and widened, while the leaf itself becomes reduced or vanishes altogether. Thus the phyllode comes to serve the purpose of the leaf. Some important examples are Euphorbia royleana which are cylindrical and Opuntia which are flattened.

They are common in the genus Acacia, especially the Australian species, at one time put in Acacia subg. Phyllodineae. Sometimes, especially on younger plants, partially formed phyllodes bearing reduced leaves can be seen. The illustration (to the right) of Acacia suaveolens from Novae Hollandiae plantarum specimen shows the juvenile true leaves, together with the developing phyllodes, and the phyllodes of the mature plant.

The genus, Daviesia, in the family Fabaceae, is characterised in part by the plants having phyllodes.
TorrentLocker
TorrentLocker is a ransomware trojan targeting Microsoft Windows. It was first observed in February 2014, with at least five of its major releases made available by December 2014. The malware encrypts the victim's files in a similar manner to CryptoLocker by implementing symmetric block cipher AES where the key is encrypted with an asymmetric cipher.

TorrentLocker scans the system for programs and files, and conceals the contents through AES encryption leaving ransom instructions to the victim on what has to be done, and how to pay the decryption ransom. The operator demands from the victim an amount that usually starts around US$550 within 3 days. The victim is told to pay the amount in Bitcoins, and is sent a unique Bitcoin address that differs for each infected user.

Key (cryptography)
A key in cryptography is a piece of information, usually a string of numbers or letters that are stored in a file, which, when processed through a cryptographic algorithm, can encode or decode cryptographic data. Based on the used method, the key can be different sizes and varieties, but in all cases, the strength of the encryption relies on the security of the key being maintained. A key's security strength is dependent on its algorithm, the size of the key, the generation of the key, and the process of key exchange.
Jim Boland (unionist)
James Boland is a retired Irish-born, American labor union leader.

Born in Ireland, Boland attended University College Dublin.  He emigrated to the United States in 1970 and settled in San Francisco, where he worked laying bricks, stone and marble, and joined the International Union of Bricklayers and Allied Craftworkers.  He was elected as business agent of his local union, and then in 1992 as its president.  His next role was assistant to the vice-president for operations of the international union, and then in 1999 he was elected as secretary-treasurer.

In 2010, Boland was elected as president of the union, and also became a vice-president of the AFL-CIO.  He was presented with the Eugene V. Debs Award in 2015.  He retired in 2020.

Eugene V. Debs Award
The Eugene V. Debs Award is an award accorded by the Eugene V. Debs Foundation, in Terre Haute, Indiana, each year since 1965 (apart from 1972 and 2020), honoring a person or organization whose work has been consistent with the spirit, values, and legacy of Eugene V. Debs and who has contributed to the advancement of the causes of industrial unionism, social justice, or world peace.
Thore Swanerud
Thore Swanerud (18 June 1919 – 8 December 1988) was a Swedish jazz pianist, vibraphonist, arranger, conductor, and composer. He was born in Stockholm and died in the same city.

He is best remembered for an eight-bar improvised solo he made during a 1949 recording of "I'm in the Mood for Love", in a quintet headed by James Moody while Moody was touring Sweden. Eddie Jefferson created the 1952 song "Moody's Mood for Love" in vocalese style by adding lyrics to Moody's and Swanerud's solos in the recording, and the song later became a jazz standard, covered by many singers.

I'm in the Mood for Love
"I'm in the Mood for Love" is a popular song published in 1935. The music was written by Jimmy McHugh, with the lyrics by Dorothy Fields. The song was introduced by Frances Langford in the movie Every Night at Eight released that year.

It became Langford's signature song. Bob Hope, who frequently worked with Langford entertaining troops in World War II, later wrote that her performance of the song was often a show-stopper.
Shelter from the Storm
"Shelter from the Storm" is a song by Bob Dylan, recorded on September 17, 1974, and released on his 15th studio album, Blood on the Tracks, in 1975. It was later anthologized on the compilation album The Essential Bob Dylan in 2000.

The Essential Bob Dylan
The Essential Bob Dylan is a compilation by Bob Dylan, released in 2000 as the inaugural entry in Sony Music's "The Essential" double-disc series. The Essential Bob Dylan spans from 1963's "Blowin' in the Wind" (from The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan) to 2000's "Things Have Changed" (Dylan's Oscar-winning song from the motion picture Wonder Boys).

The Essential Bob Dylan has proven to be a solid seller in Dylan's catalog, reaching No. 67 in the US and peaking at No. 9 in the UK.

The British and Australian releases include all of the tracks from the US edition plus several more. It has been reissued in 2009 and 2016 with varying track listings.
Argentina women's national under-19 volleyball team
The Argentina women's national under-18 volleyball team represents Argentina in women's under-18 volleyball events, it is controlled and managed by the Argentine Volleyball Federation that is a member of South American volleyball body Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol (CSV) and the international volleyball body government the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB).

Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol
The Confederación Sudamericana de Voleibol (CSV) (Portuguese: Confederação Sul-americana de Voleibol) is the continental governing body for the sports of volleyball in South America. Its headquarters is located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2
Liga Semi-Pro Divisyen 2 (English: Semi-Pro League Division 2) was a second-tier semi-pro football league in Malaysia that operated from 1989 until 1993. The league was managed by the Football Association of Malaysia.

Football Association of Malaysia
The Football Association of Malaysia (commonly abbreviated as FAM; Malay: Persatuan Bola Sepak Malaysia) is the national governing body of football in Malaysia, headquartered at Wisma FAM. The FAM is also one of the founding members of both the ASEAN Football Federation (AFF) and the Asian Football Confederation (AFC). It has been affiliated with FIFA since 1954. The FAM oversees the organisation and development of football and advancing the game at all levels in Malaysia, and is responsible for all aspects of the amateur and professional game in its territory. This includes the men's, women's and youth national football teams as well as the Malaysian Amateur Football League and Malaysia Premier Futsal League.
Porus (Attica)
Porus or Poros (Ancient Greek: Πόρος) was a deme of ancient Attica, originally of the phyle of Acamantis but after 307/6 BCE, of the phyle of Demetrias, sending three delegates to the Athenian Boule.

Its site is tentatively located near modern Metropisi.

Antigonis and Demetrias
Antigonis and Demetrias (Ancient Greek: Ἀντιγονίς, Δημητριάς) were two tribes (phylai) added by the ancient Athenians, in this order, to the previous list of 10 Athenian tribes in the year 307–306 B.C., sometime after the fifth prytany. The names of the tribes were chosen to honor Macedonian king Demetrios Poliorketes and his father, Antigonos I Monophthalmos, by adding them to the list of Eponymous Heroes of Athens, effectively making them into gods. This change followed Demetrios expelling Kassandros from Athens and the end of the semi-oligarchic rule of Demetrios of Phaleron in 307 B.C. In 200 B.C., when Athens was involved in the Second Macedonian War against Macedon, the Antigonis and Demetrias phylai were disbanded, and public inscriptions about them erased.

While Athenians added the new phylai to the top of their list, modern researchers use Roman numerals XI and XII to designate Antigonis and Demetrias respectively.
2009 Zucchetti Kos Tennis Cup – Doubles
Marco Crugnola and Alessio di Mauro were the defending champions, but only Crugnola tried to defend his title.
He partnered up with Philipp Marx, but they were eliminated in the first round by Leoš Friedl and Lovro Zovko.
James Cerretani and Travis Rettenmaier won in the final 4–6, 6–3, [11–9], against Peter Luczak and Alessandro Motti.

Alessio di Mauro
Alessio di Mauro (born 9 August 1977) is a former professional tennis player from Italy. During his career, he reached the final of one ATP tournament, the 2007 ATP Buenos Aires. On 26 February 2007 the left-hander reached his career high ranking of world no. 68.
Marudi Airport
Marudi Airport (IATA: MUR, ICAO: WBGM) is an airport in Marudi, Miri Division, Sarawak, Malaysia.

It has a 10/28 runway and its aircraft parking bay can handle three to four de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter at the same time.

De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter
The de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter is a Canadian STOL (short takeoff and landing) utility aircraft developed by de Havilland Canada in the mid-1960s and still in production. It was built by De Havilland Canada from 1965 to 1988. In 2022, Viking Air purchased the type certificate and restarted production in 2008, before re-adopting the name De Havilland Canada. In 2023, DHC started production of the 300-G, an upgraded version of the Series 400 with Garmin avionics.

The aircraft's fixed tricycle undercarriage, STOL capabilities, twin turboprop engines and high rate of climb have made it a successful commuter airliner, typically seating 18–20 passengers, as well as a cargo and medical evacuation aircraft. The Twin Otter has also been popular with commercial skydiving operations and is used by the United States Army Parachute Team and the 98th Flying Training Squadron of the United States Air Force.
Causey Bank Mires
Causey Bank Mires  is a Site of Special Scientific Interest in the Derwentside district of County Durham, England. It lies alongside and to the west of the Tanfield Railway, just under 1 km north of the Causey Arch.

The site consists of a series of flushes with scrub, surrounded by acid and neutral grassland, a habitat with a restricted distribution in County Durham. A number of locally rare plant species are found in the area, including globe-flower, Trollius europaeus.

Trollius europaeus
Trollius europaeus, the globeflower, is a perennial flowering plant of the family Ranunculaceae. The plant is native to Europe and Western Asia and is a protected species in Russia and Bulgaria.

In Udmurtia, this plant is one of the national symbols of the republic, with many different objects named after it.
Jackie's Racing
"Jackie's Racing" is a song by Scottish rock band Whiteout, released in 1995 (see 1995 in music). It was the band's fourth single, released shortly before their first album, Bite It, on which the song is featured also. The B-sides "Cousin Jane" and "So Confused" reappeared on the Japanese EP Young Tribe Rule later the same year. Music journalist M.C. Strong writes that "Jackie's Racing" was the band's "... most successful release, displaying a healthy affection for 60's West Coast pop a la Lovin' Spoonful and The Mamas & the Papas." Strong also mentions that the B-Side "So Confused" "... [brings] to mind the harmonies of American Beauty-era Grateful Dead."

American Beauty (album)
American Beauty is the fifth studio album (and sixth overall) by American rock band the Grateful Dead. Released in November 1970, by Warner Bros. Records, the album continued the folk rock and country music style of their previous album Workingman's Dead, released earlier in the year.

Upon release, American Beauty entered the Billboard 200 chart, ultimately peaking at number 30 during a nineteen-week stay in January 1971. On July 11, 1974, the album was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), and it later achieved Platinum and double Platinum certification in 1986 and 2001, respectively. In 2003, the album was ranked number 258 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "500 Greatest Albums of All Time", 261 in a 2012 revised list, and 215 in a 2020 revised list.
Joseph Récamier
Joseph-Claude-Anthelme Récamier (6 November 1774 – 28 June 1852) was a French gynecologist.

He was born in Cressin-Rochefort, Ain. For much of his professional career he was associated with the Hôtel-Dieu de Paris, where in 1806 he became chief physician. He was also a professor at the Collège de France and a member of the Faculté de médecine.

Récamier is credited with the popularization of several instruments in gynecological medicine, including the curette, the vaginal speculum, and the uterine sound. In his 1829 treatise Recherches sur le traitement du cancer, he coined the term "metastasis" as a definition for the spread of cancer.

"Récamier's operation" is a term used for curettage of the uterus.

Collège de France
The Collège de France (French pronunciation: [kɔlɛʒ də fʁɑ̃s] ⓘ; formerly known as the Collège Royal or as the Collège impérial), founded in 1530 by François I, is a higher education and research establishment (grand établissement) in France. It is located in Paris near La Sorbonne. The Collège de France has been considered to be France's most prestigious research establishment. It is an associate member of PSL University.

Research and teaching are closely linked at the Collège de France, whose ambition is to teach "the knowledge that is being built up in all fields of literature, science and the arts".
Shankar Govinda Chowdhury Stadium
Shankar Gobinda Choudhury Stadium (Bengali: শংকর গোবিন্দ চৌধুরী স্টেডিয়াম) is the district stadium of Natore, Bangladesh. The stadium is located by the Children's Park of Natore municipality. Stadium is a multi-purpose venue, mainly used for national day parade, district level football completions.

Natore
Natore is a city in western Bangladesh. It is the headquarters of the Natore District. Its current administrator is Asma Shaheen. The Narod river is passing through the center of the city with pollution from upstream industrial developments flowing through.
History of the Rugby League Conference
The Rugby League Conference (RLC), also known as the Co-operative Rugby League Conference as a result of sponsorship from The Co-operative Group, was a series of regionally based divisions of amateur rugby league teams spread throughout England, Scotland and Wales.

It was founded in 1997 as the Southern Conference League.

St Albans Centurions
The St Albans Centurions are a rugby league club based in St Albans, Hertfordshire. The club plays their home games at Toulmin Drive, St Albans and their clubhouse is in High Oaks, St Albans.

Founded in 1996, they first played in various local leagues and the Rugby League Conference, and then, from 2003 to 2006, in National League 3. From 2007 to 2011, they played in the Rugby League Conference South Premier Division. 2007 & 2010 also saw the club win the 'Triple', the League Championship, the Southern Premiership Grand Final and the National Grand Final.  In 2012 the club was invited to take part in the 'experimental' National Conference League Division Three, a one-season only trial by the RFL and NCL to see how amateur clubs cope with travelling all over England and Wales to play their games. As a result, in the 2012 experiment, 2013 saw the Centurions play for one season in the newly set up Conference League South. 2015 sees The Cents playing in the East Rugby League.
Latvia men's national handball team
The Latvia national handball team is the national handball team of Latvia and is controlled by the Latvian Handball Federation. It has competed since 1993, playing its opening match in the 1994 European Championship qualifiers against Cyprus on 15 April 1993 in Nicosia, winning 32:28.

In 2019 the team qualified for the 2020 European Championships for the first time in their history, previously reaching the qualification play-off stage in 2005. The team has not yet qualified for neither the Olympic Games nor World Championships, with their best results so far being participation in the world qualifiers play-offs in 2004 and 2016.

To this date Andris Gulbis has had the longest stint managing the team, working in 1998 and from 2005 to 2010. From 2017 til the end of Euro 2020 the team was  managed by former player Armands Uščins. The current head coach is Sandris Veršakovs.

1994 European Men's Handball Championship
The 1994 European Men's Handball Championship was the inaugural edition of the tournament, held in Portugal from 3 to 12 June 1994, in the cities of Porto and Almada.

Sweden won the tournament after defeating Russia in the final 34–21, Russia's heaviest loss in their international history, while Croatia captured the bronze medal after defeating Denmark while the hosts Portugal finished last (12th).
Battle of the Nobles
The Battle of the Nobles (Arabic: غزوة الأشراف, romanized: Ghazwat al-Ashrāf) was an important confrontation in the Berber Revolt in c. 740 AD. It resulted in a major Berber victory over the Arabs in banks of the Chelif River, near Chlef (Algeria). During the battle, numerous Arab aristocrats were slaughtered, which led to the conflict being called the "Battle of the Nobles". Zenata Berber chieftain Khalid ibn Hamid al-Zanati led the revolting Berber soldiers.

Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik
Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan (Arabic: هِشَام ابْن عَبْد الْمَلِك ٱبْن مَرْوَان, romanized: Hishām ibn ʿAbd al-Malik ibn Marwān; c. 691 – 6 February 743) was the tenth Umayyad caliph, ruling from 724 until his death in 743. His grandson Abd al-Rahman I (731 – 788) was the founder and first emir of the Emirate of Córdoba.
Eckes-Granini Group
The Eckes-Granini Group GmbH is the largest corporate group specialized in the production of fruit juice in Europe. Eckes AG is based in Nieder-Olm in the Rhine-Hesse region and was once actively involved in beverage production, now serves as the group's financial holding company. Founded as a family-owned enterprise in 1857, Eckes AG has since sold off its German and international spirits business and focused exclusively on the production and sale of fruit beverages through the Eckes-Granini Group. Following the acquisition of the international brand Granini in 1994, Eckes-Granini GmbH & Co. KG was established as an independent producer and distributor of juices and fruit beverages.

Nieder-Olm
Nieder-Olm (German pronunciation: [ˈniːdɐ ʔɔlm], lit. 'Lower Olm', in contrast to "Upper Olm") is a town in the Mainz-Bingen district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. Until 5 November 2006 it was an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – but it was raised to town the next day. It is still the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde of Nieder-Olm, and functions as a middle centre in the region.