hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Tayloe II
Col. John Tayloe II (28 May 1721 – 18 April 1779) was a Virginia planter and politician who served on the Virginia Governor's Council, also known as the Virginia Council of State. A colonial Colonel in the Virginia Militia, he is better remembered as an ironmaster, horse breeder, racing enthusiast and father-in-law of United States Declaration of Independence signer Francis Lightfoot Lee.

Tayloe built Mount Airy, the Neo-Palladian villa overlooking the Rappahannock River, still held and occupied by the Tayloe family in the 21st century. Tayloe, his father and namesake son were said to exemplify gentry entrepreneurship.

Selima (horse)
Selima (b. 30 April 1745) was one of the most important Thoroughbred horses of the 18th century and became one of the foundation mares of the American Thoroughbred.  She was imported to Maryland between 1750 and 1752 by Benjamin Tasker, Jr.
Dzurilla
Dzurilla is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adam D'Zurilla (born 1981), American musician

Vladimír Dzurilla (1942–1995), Slovak ice hockey player

William T. Dzurilla (born 1953), American lawyer

Vladimír Dzurilla
Vladimír Dzurilla (2 August 1942 in Bratislava, Slovakia – 27 July 1995 in Düsseldorf, Germany) was a Slovak ice hockey goaltender playing for Czechoslovakia.

Dzurilla, a refrigerator repairman by profession, was goalie for the Czechoslovak national team for over 16 years, winning three gold, three silver and four bronze medals at world championships as well as one silver and two bronze Olympic medals. However, in most of these tournaments Dzurilla and Jiří Holeček were battling to be Czechoslovakia's top goaltender and each were given their share of games.

For North American fans, he is mostly known for stopping 29 shots in a 1-0 win over Canada in the 1976 Canada Cup (where the Czechoslovaks finished second).

Dzurilla was inducted into the International Ice Hockey Federation Hall of Fame in 1998. He suffered a fatal heart attack at his home in Düsseldorf, Germany, on 27 July 1995, only days before his 53rd birthday.
Decticogaster
Decticogaster is a genus of moths of the family Crambidae. It contains only one species, Decticogaster zonulalis, which is found on Sulawesi.

The Global Lepidoptera Names Index considers the genus to be a synonym of Tatobotys and the species to be a synonym of Tatobotys varanesalis.

The Global Lepidoptera Names Index
The Global Lepidoptera Names Index (LepIndex) is a searchable database maintained by the Department of Entomology at the Natural History Museum, London. It is based on card indices and scanned journals, nomenclatural catalogues and the Zoological Record. It contains most of world's Lepidoptera names published until 1981 and for some groups is up to date. As of May 2023, the site reads "Database last updated January 2018" so the current validity of the taxonomic combinations presented should be adopted with caution.

LepIndex allows anyone free internet access to:

the zoological authority who named a butterfly or moth species

where the original description was published

status of the name (valid name or synonym)

It is the main source of Lepidoptera names in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System and Catalogue of Life.
About You (MacKenzie Porter song)
"About You" is a song recorded by Canadian country music artist MacKenzie Porter. The track was co-written by Michael Hardy, Sarah Buxton and Corey Crowder, with Cameron Montgomery, who co-produced it with Joey Moi and Dave Cohen. The song became the lead single off Porter's EP Drinkin' Songs: The Collection.

Dave Cohen (musician)
David Ross Cohen is a Canadian-born musician and producer based out of Nashville, Tennessee. Cohen is a keyboardist who has recorded with Florida Georgia Line, Carrie Underwood, Kid Rock, Steven Tyler, and Reba McEntire. Throughout his career, he has accumulated several awards including Academy of Country Music Keyboard Player of the Year in 2017, 2019, 2021 and 2023 and MusicRow All-Star Keyboards Player in 2018 and 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 and 2024. Also making a name for himself as a producer, Cohen has produced 87,456 songs for the likes of Jake Owen, Dallas Smith, Chris Lane, Morgan Wallen, and Hardy.
Erika Doss
Erika Lee Doss is an American educator and author. She currently holds the EODIAH Distinguished Chair in Art History Professorship in The Edith O'Donnell Institute of Art History at the University of Texas at Dallas. Formerly, she was a professor at the University of Colorado at Boulder and the University of Notre Dame.

Doss received her Ph.D. from the University of Minnesota in 1983, and "has held fellowships at the Stanford Humanities Center, Georgia O'Keeffe Museum Research Center, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Rockwell Center for American Visual Studies, and Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art".

In her 1999 book, Elvis Culture: Fans, Faith, and Image, Doss examines the enduring popularity of singer Elvis Presley, and his rule-breaking dynamics. Spiritual Moderns: Twentieth-Century American Artists and Religion (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2023) was listed as one of top 20 Art Books of 2023 by Hyperallergic.

Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art
The Crystal Bridges Museum of American Art is an art museum located in Bentonville, Arkansas, which opened to the public on November 11, 2011, and was founded by Alice Walton.

The museum is situated on a site of approximately 120 to 134 acres of native Ozark forest and consists of eight interconnected pavilions designed by architect Moshe Safdie. Its collection focuses on American art across multiple periods and media, and is displayed in buildings integrated into the surrounding landscape. The institution operates with a permanent endowment, allowing it to offer free general admission to the public.
Blu de Golyer
Blu de Golyer (born July 9, 1975) is an American writer and filmmaker.  In 2013, Blu wrote and produced House of Good and Evil, starring Rachel Marie Lewis and German actor Christian Oliver.  In 2014, he wrote and produced the Hillbilly Horror Show.

Blu has also produced the film Noah's Ark. Blu de Golyer is also a published author with his series of children's books The Adventures Of Captain Greenspud.

Blu de Golyer is the great nephew of stage actress Mary de Golyer (The Red Menace 1949). He is also related to oil tycoon Everette Lee DeGolyer.

Everette Lee DeGolyer
Everette Lee DeGolyer (October 9, 1886 – December 14, 1956), was a prominent oil company executive, petroleum exploration geophysicist and philanthropist in Dallas. He was known as "the founder of applied geophysics in the petroleum industry", and as "the father of American geophysics," and was a legendary collector of rare and often early edition books primarily in the fields of Southwestern history, railroads, law, geology, science and physics, and both English and American literature.
Efgartigimod alfa
Efgartigimod alfa, sold under the brand name Vyvgart, is a medication used to treat myasthenia gravis. Efgartigimod alfa is a neonatal Fc receptor blocker and is a new class of medication. It is an antibody fragment that binds to the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), preventing FcRn from recycling immunoglobulin G (IgG) back into the blood. The medication causes a reduction in overall levels of IgG, including the abnormal acetylcholine receptor (AChR) antibodies that are present in myasthenia gravis. It is also available coformulated with hyaluronidase.

The most common side effects include respiratory tract infections, headache, urinary tract infections, and paresthesia (numbness, tingling).

It was approved for medical use in the United States in December 2021, and in the European Union in August 2022. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication.

Neonatal fragment crystallizable receptor
The neonatal fragment crystallizable (Fc) receptor (also FcRn, IgG receptor FcRn large subunit p51, or Brambell receptor) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FCGRT gene. It is an IgG Fc receptor which is similar in structure to the MHC class I molecule and also associates with beta-2-microglobulin.  In rodents, FcRn was originally identified as the receptor that transports maternal immunoglobulin G (IgG) from mother to neonatal offspring via mother's milk, leading to its name as the neonatal Fc receptor. In humans, FcRn is present in the placenta where it transports mother's IgG to the growing fetus. FcRn has also been shown to play a role in regulating IgG and serum albumin turnover. Neonatal Fc receptor expression is up-regulated by the proinflammatory cytokine, TNF, and down-regulated by IFN-γ.
Shannon Kelley
Shannon Kelley is an American former football quarterback, coach and businessman. He was the starting quarterback of the Texas Longhorns at the beginning of 1988. After graduating, he married Olympian and popular American gymnast Mary Lou Retton and after pursuing a business career, went into college coaching. He last served as the assistant head football coach at Houston Christian University, before returning to the business world working for NETSYNC.

Houston Christian University
Houston Christian University (HCU), formerly Houston Baptist University (HBU), is a private university in Houston, Texas, United States. It is affiliated with the Baptist General Convention of Texas. Its Cultural Arts Center houses three museums: the Dunham Bible Museum, the Museum of American Architecture and Decorative Arts, and the Museum of Southern History.

The Houston Theological Seminary is one of the university's graduate schools that offers the Doctor of Ministry and Master of Divinity, among other degrees.
Obiechów
Obiechów [ɔˈbjɛxuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Słupia, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) west of Słupia, 32 km (20 mi) west of Jędrzejów, and 64 km (40 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce.

Jędrzejów County
Jędrzejów County (Polish: powiat jędrzejowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Jędrzejów, which lies 36 kilometres (22 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Sędziszów, lying 18 km (11 mi) west of Jędrzejów, and Małogoszcz, 21 km (13 mi) north of Jędrzejów.

The county covers an area of 1,257.17 square kilometres (485.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 84,049, out of which the population of Jędrzejów is 15,076, that of Sędziszów is 6,451, that of Małogoszcz is 3,748, and the rural population is 58,774.
9th General Assembly of Newfoundland
The members of the 9th General Assembly of Newfoundland were elected in the Newfoundland general election held in November 1865. The general assembly sat from 1866 to 1869.

A coalition government led by Frederick Carter won the election and Carter served as Newfoundland's premier. Not all members of the coalition supported Canadian Confederation.

William Whiteway was chosen as speaker.

Sir Anthony Musgrave served as colonial governor of Newfoundland.

In 1869, draft terms for union of Newfoundland with Canada were presented to and accepted by the Canadian parliament. Premier Carter did not feel that he had a mandate to enter Confederation and called an election to allow the issue to be decided by the electorate.

Frederick Carter
Sir Frederick Bowker Terrington Carter KCMG (February 12, 1819 – March 1, 1900) was a Newfoundlander lawyer and politician who served as Premier of Newfoundland from 1865 to 1870 and from 1874 to 1878.
Commanding ground
In fortification, a commanding ground is an area that overlooks any post, or strong place. Of this there were three sorts: first, a front commanding ground, which is a height opposite to the face of the post, which plays upon its front; second, a reverse commanding ground, which is an eminence that can play upon the back of any place or post; and third, an enfilade commanding ground, or curtain commanding ground, which is a high place, that can with its shot scour all the length of a straight line. According to von Clausewitz, commanding ground can be either a singular point within a limited area for a single combat, or a larger series of geographic features that provide the same effect for multiple combats.

Enfilade and defilade
Enfilade and  defilade are concepts in military tactics used to describe a military formation's exposure to enemy fire. A formation or position is "in enfilade" if weapon fire can be directed along its longest axis. A unit or position is "in defilade" if it uses natural or artificial obstacles to shield or conceal itself from enfilade and hostile fire. The strategies, named by the English during the Hundred Years' War, use the French enfiler ("to put on a string or sling") and défiler ("to slip away or off") spoken by English nobility of the time.

Enfilade fire—gunfire directed against an enfiladed formation or position—is also commonly known as "flanking fire". Raking fire is the equivalent term in naval warfare. Strafing, firing on targets from a flying platform, is often done with enfilade fire. It is a very advantageous, and much sought for, position for the attacking force.
Manjiro "Matty" Matsuda
Matty Matsuda (b. 1887 Yatsushiro City, Japan, d. August 15, 1929, Battle Creek, Michigan)  was the ring name of judoka Manjiro Matsuda 松田万次郎 (Matsuda Manjirō), who became a noted professional wrestler in the early 20th century.

Yatsushiro
Yatsushiro (八代市, Yatsushiro-shi) is a city located in Kumamoto Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 August 2024, the city had an estimated population of 120,389 in 57,953 households, and a population density of 300 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 681.29 km2 (263.05 sq mi).
LGBTQ people in Nigeria
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people in Nigeria face significant challenges. LGBTQ rights in Nigeria are denied by law, with even more severe limitations on LGBTQ rights in Northern Nigeria. However, the LGBTQ community, estimated at 15 to 20 million people, continues to maintain an underground culture, especially in Southern Nigeria.

Cross-dressing
Cross-dressing is the act of wearing clothes traditionally or stereotypically associated with a different gender. From as early as pre-modern history people have cross-dressed in order to disguise, comfort, entertain, and express themselves.

Socialization establishes social norms among the people of a particular society. With regard to the social aspects of clothing, such standards may reflect guidelines relating to the style, color, or type of clothing that individuals are expected to wear. Such expectations may be delineated according to gender roles. Cross-dressing involves dressing contrary to the prevailing standards (or in some cases, laws) for a person of their gender in their own society.
La Brière
La Brière (translated as Passion and Peat) is a 1923 novel by Alphonse de Chateaubriant that won the Grand prix du roman de l'Académie française for that year.

The novel is set in the rustic fenland landscape west of Nantes, known as Brière, in which the traditional occupation of peat-cutting is becoming increasingly unsustainable as the peat runs out. The independence of the local population is threatened by outsiders, who have plans for modernisation.

Grand Prix du roman de l'Académie française
The Grand Prix du roman is a French literary award, created in 1914, and given each year by the Académie Française. Along with the Prix Goncourt, the award is one of the oldest and most prestigious literary awards in France. The Académie Française gives out over 60 literary awards each year, and the Grand Prix du roman is the most senior for an individual novel.
Colophon (city)
Colophon (/ˈkɒləˌfɒn, -fən/; Ancient Greek: Κολοφών, romanized: Kolophṓn) was an ancient city in Ionia. Founded around the end of the 2nd millennium BC, it was likely one of the oldest of the twelve cities of the Ionian League. It was located between Lebedos (120 stadia to the west) and Ephesus (70 stadia to its south). Its ruins are south of the town Değirmendere in the Menderes district of İzmir Province, Turkey.

The city's name comes from the word κολοφών, "summit", (which is also the origin of the bibliographic term "colophon", in the metaphorical sense of a 'crowning touch',) as it was sited along a ridgeline. The term colophony for rosin comes from the term colophonia resina (Ancient Greek: Κολοφωνία ῥητίνη Kolophōnia rhētinē), resin from the pine trees of Colophon, which was highly valued for increasing friction of the bow hairs of stringed musical instruments.

Lysimachus
Lysimachus (/lɪˈsɪməkəs/; Greek: Λυσίμαχος, Lysimachos; c. 360 BC – 281 BC) was a Thessalian officer and successor of Alexander the Great who became king of Thrace in 306 BC, Asia Minor in 301 BC and Macedon in 288 BC.
Hoylake and West Kirby War Memorial
The Hoylake and West Kirby War Memorial is a 14.5-metre (48 ft) tall, granite four-sided obelisk which stands on Grange Hill, West Kirby, Merseyside, in North West England. It was designed by British sculptor Charles Sargeant Jagger (1885–1934), who also designed the Royal Artillery Memorial at Hyde Park Corner in London. It commemorates the men and women of West Kirby and Hoylake who gave their lives in World Wars I and II.

It is the site of a yearly remembrance Sunday ceremony featuring a parade, wreath-laying, and a service to those who died in the First World War.

Charles Sargeant Jagger
Charles Sargeant Jagger MC ARA (17 December 1885 – 16 November 1934) was a British sculptor who, following active service in the First World War, sculpted many works on the theme of war. He is best known for his war memorials, especially the Royal Artillery Memorial at Hyde Park Corner and the Great Western Railway War Memorial in Paddington Railway Station. He also designed several other monuments around Britain and other parts of the world.
History of molecular theory
In chemistry, the history of molecular theory traces the origins of the concept or idea of the existence of strong chemical bonds between two or more atoms.

A modern conceptualization of molecules began to develop in the 19th century along with experimental evidence for pure chemical elements and how individual atoms of different chemical elements such as hydrogen and oxygen can combine to form chemically stable molecules such as water molecules.

Democritus
Democritus (/dɪˈmɒkrɪtəs/, dim-OCK-rit-əs; Greek: Δημόκριτος, Dēmókritos, meaning "chosen of the people"; c. 460 – c. 370 BC) was an Ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher from Abdera, primarily remembered today for his formulation of an atomic theory of the universe. Democritus wrote extensively on a wide variety of topics.

None of Democritus' original work has survived, except through second-hand references. Many of these references come from Aristotle, who viewed him as an important rival in the field of natural philosophy. He was known in antiquity as the ‘laughing philosopher’ because of his emphasis on the value of cheerfulness.
2021 GT World Challenge America
The 2021 Fanatec GT World Challenge America Powered by AWS was the 15th season of the United States Auto Club's GT World Challenge America, and the fourth under ownership of SRO Motorsports Group.The season began at Sonoma on March 6, and ended at Indianapolis on October 17.

United States Auto Club
The United States Auto Club (USAC) is one of the sanctioning bodies of auto racing in the United States. From 1956 to 1979, USAC sanctioned the United States National Championship, and from 1956 to 1997 the organization sanctioned the Indianapolis 500. USAC serves as the sanctioning body for a number of racing series, including the Silver Crown Series, National Sprint Cars, National Midgets, Speed2 Midget Series, .25 Midget Series, Stadium Super Trucks, and GT World Challenge America. Seven-time USAC champion Levi Jones is USAC's Competition Director.
Seth Lloyd
Seth Lloyd (born August 2, 1960) is an American quantum information scientist and professor in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Department of Mechanical Engineering.

He is known for work in quantum information science, including work on designs for a quantum computer, quantum analog computation, quantum analogs of Shannon's theorem, and methods for quantum error correction and noise reduction.

Noisy-channel coding theorem
In information theory, the noisy-channel coding theorem (sometimes Shannon's theorem or Shannon's limit), establishes that for any given degree of noise contamination of a communication channel, it is possible (in theory) to communicate discrete data (digital information) nearly error-free up to a computable maximum rate through the channel.  This result was presented by Claude Shannon in 1948 and was based in part on earlier work and ideas of Harry Nyquist and Ralph Hartley.

The Shannon limit or Shannon capacity of a communication channel refers to the maximum rate of error-free data that can theoretically be transferred over the channel if the link is subject to random data transmission errors, for a particular noise level.  It was first described by Shannon (1948), and shortly after published in a book by Shannon and Warren Weaver entitled The Mathematical Theory of Communication (1949). This founded the modern discipline of information theory.
Eucrosia aurantiaca
Eucrosia aurantiaca is a species of plant which is endemic to Ecuador.  Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry shrubland. It is threatened by habitat loss.

It grows from bulbs 10 cm long and 7–8 cm in diameter. There are usually two stalked (petiolate) leaves, blue-green in colour, with a blade (lamina) which is 40 cm long and 20–25 cm wide. The leaves do not appear until after flowering. The flowers are umbellate, on a stalk (scape) up to 1m in length, yellow, with stamens with prominent long filaments.

In cultivation, plants should be kept warm and dry when the leaves wither, and watered only when the flowers or leaves begin to grow again, when a sunny position is required.

Umbel
In botany, an umbel is an inflorescence that consists of a number of short flower stalks (called pedicels) that spread from a common point, somewhat like umbrella ribs. The word was coined in botanical usage in the 1590s, from Latin umbella "parasol, sunshade". The arrangement can vary from being flat-topped to almost spherical. Umbels can be simple or compound. The secondary umbels of compound umbels are known as umbellules or umbellets. A small umbel is called an umbellule. The arrangement of the inflorescence in umbels is referred to as umbellate, or occasionally subumbellate (almost umbellate).

Umbels are a characteristic of plants such as carrot, parsley, dill, and fennel in the family Apiaceae; ivy, Aralia and Fatsia in the family Araliaceae; and onion (Allium) in the family Alliaceae.

An umbel is a type of indeterminate inflorescence.
A compressed cyme, which is a determinate inflorescence, is called umbelliform if it resembles an umbel.