hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kevin Chalfant
Kevin Chalfant is an American singer and a native of Streator, Illinois. He obtained a BMI award for co-writing and singing on one of the most frequently aired rock radio hits of 1992 and 1993, "I've Got a Lot to Learn About Love", by The Storm. In October 1993 he very briefly sat in for Steve Perry in Journey, singing lead at a roast for Journey's manager, Herbie Herbert, and in 2003, he toured as lead vocalist for the Alan Parsons Live Project.

Alan Parsons
Alan Parsons OBE (born 20 December 1948) is an English audio engineer, songwriter, musician, singer and record producer.

Parsons was the sound engineer on albums including the Beatles' Abbey Road (1969) and Let It Be (1970), Pink Floyd's Dark Side of the Moon (1973), and the eponymous debut album by Ambrosia in 1975. Parsons's own group, The Alan Parsons Project, as well as his subsequent solo recordings, have also been commercially successful. He has been nominated for 13 Grammy Awards, with his first win occurring in 2019 for Best Immersive Audio Album for Eye in the Sky (35th Anniversary Edition).
Mårten Eskil Winge
Mårten Eskil Winge (21 September 1825 – 22 April 1896) was a Swedish artist. He was a professor at the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts. 
He was associated with the Düsseldorf school of painting. His art was influenced by the Norse mythology themes also found in works by  Nils Blommér (1816–1853) and Carl Wahlbom (1810-1858).

Örvar-Oddr
Ǫrvar-Oddr, also spelt Örvar-Oddr (Old Norse: Ǫrvar-Oddr [ˈɔrwɑr-ˌod̪ːr], "Arrow-Odd" or "Arrow's Point") is a legendary hero about whom an anonymous Icelander wrote a fornaldarsaga in the latter part of the 13th century. Ǫrvar-Odds saga, the Saga of Ǫrvar-Odd, became very popular and contains old legends and songs. He also appears in Hervarar saga and, concerning the battle on Samsø, in Gesta Danorum.
Time geography
Time geography or time-space geography is an evolving transdisciplinary perspective on spatial and temporal processes and events such as social interaction, ecological interaction, social and environmental change, and biographies of individuals. Time geography "is not a subject area per se", but rather an integrative ontological framework and visual language in which space and time are basic dimensions of analysis of dynamic processes. Time geography was originally developed by human geographers, but today it is applied in multiple fields related to transportation, regional planning, geography, anthropology, time-use research, ecology, environmental science, and public health. According to Swedish geographer Bo Lenntorp: "It is a basic approach, and every researcher can connect it to theoretical considerations in her or his own way."

Social relation
A social relation is the fundamental unit of analysis within the social sciences, and describes any voluntary or involuntary interpersonal relationship between two or more conspecifics within and/or between groups. The group can be a language or kinship group, a social institution or organization, an economic class, a nation, or gender. Social relations are derived from human behavioral ecology, and, as an aggregate, form a coherent social structure whose constituent parts are best understood relative to each other and to the social ecosystem as a whole.
Ada Bessie Swann
Ada Bessie Swann Gore (April 22, 1887 – October 15, 1963) was an American home economist, editor, broadcaster, and cookbook author. She was home services director of the Public Service Electrical & Gas Company, chair of the Electrical Women's Round Table, and a contributing editor of Woman's Home Companion magazine.

Public Service Enterprise Group
The Public Service Enterprise Group, Inc. (PSEG) is a publicly traded energy company based in Newark, New Jersey, where it has been based since its founding. It was founded in 1985, with its roots tracing back to 1903.

Its largest subsidiary is Public Service Electric and Gas Company (PSE&G), a regulated utility that supplies electricity and natural gas throughout New Jersey. Established in 1928, PSE&G is the state’s oldest and largest investor owned utility. It was originally part of the New Jersey-based Public Service Corporation.
Sonja Vasić
Sonja Vasić (née Petrović; Serbian Cyrillic: Соња Петровић Васић, born 18 February 1989) is a Serbian former professional women's basketball player. Standing at 1.89 m (6 ft 2+1⁄2 in), she played at the small forward position. She represented the Serbia women's national basketball team, and is a current member of the FIBA Central Board.

FIBA Central Board
The FIBA Central Board is an institution of FIBA (the governing body of basketball). It is the highest executive body of the organization, with the role of overseeing basketball globally. A majority of its members are elected by the FIBA Congress, while up to six members may be co-opted.

In addition to presenting reports to the Congress, the Board also appoints the host countries of the FIBA Basketball World Cup and the FIBA Women's Basketball World Cup, and is in charge of appointing the Secretary General, members of the Executive Committee and the different FIBA Commissions.
Tillakaratne Sampath
Tillakaratne Mudiyanselage Nishan Sampath (born June 23, 1982, in Jaffna, Sri Lanka) (born Tuwan Mohammad Nishan Sampath) is a Sri Lankan first class cricketer and brother of Sri Lankan national cricket team player Tillakaratne Dilshan. He studied at the Kalutara Vidyalaya. He made his Twenty20 debut on 17 August 2004, for Bloomfield Cricket and Athletic Club against Police Sports Club in the 2004 SLC Twenty20 Tournament. His brother also played for the same team in Sampath's debut game. In April 2018, he was named in Dambulla's squad for the 2018 Super Provincial One Day Tournament.

In November 2021, he was selected to play for the Colombo Stars following the players' draft for the 2021 Lanka Premier League.

Bloomfield Cricket and Athletic Club
Bloomfield Cricket and Athletic Club is a first-class cricket team based in Colombo, Sri Lanka. It is one of Sri Lanka's oldest cricket clubs founded in 1892 and competes in the Premier Trophy, which it has won eight times. Its ground, the Bloomfield Cricket and Athletic Club Ground, is in the Cinnamon Gardens district of Colombo, on Reid Avenue, opposite Royal College.
Mỹ Thủy
Mỹ Thủy is a rural commune (xã) in Quảng Trị Province, North Central Coast region of Vietnam.

On June 16, 2025, the Standing Committee of the National Assembly issued Resolution No. 1680/NQ-UBTVQH15 on the reorganization of commune-level administrative units in Quảng Trị Province in 2025. Accordingly, Hải Dương Commune, Hải An Commune, and Hải Khê Commune were merged to form a new commune named Mỹ Thủy Commune.

Quảng Trị province
Quảng Trị (Vietnamese pronunciation: [kʷâŋ ʈ͡ʂîˀ]) is a coastal province in the North Central Coast region of Vietnam. It borders Huế to the south, Laos to the west and the South China Sea to the east, with 75 kilometres (47 mi) of coast.
John McIntyre (hurler)
John McIntyre (born 1961 in Lorrha, County Tipperary) is an Irish hurling manager and former player.  He is the former manager of the Galway senior hurling team.

An effective centre-back, McIntyre enjoyed a relatively successful playing career at club level with Lorrha–Dorrha and at inter-county level with Tipperary.  He was a member of the latter team for a number of seasons in the 1980s, when Tipperary were going through an uncharacteristic drought in terms of championship success.

After his playing days ended McIntyre gained notoriety as a manager and coach at all levels.  A successful stint as coach working alongside manager Billy McGrath of the Clarinbridge club team in Galway followed his first term as manager of the Offaly senior hurling team in the 1990s.  McIntyre returned as Offaly manager almost a decade later before being appointed manager of the Galway senior hurling team in November 2008.

Semple Stadium
FBD Semple Stadium is the home of hurling and Gaelic football for Tipperary GAA and for the province of Munster. Located in Thurles, County Tipperary, it is the second largest GAA stadium in Ireland (after Croke Park), with a capacity of 45,690 and named after Tom Semple, the captain of the Thurles "Blues". He won All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship medals in 1900, 1906, and 1908.

The stadium is the leading venue for Munster hurling followers, having hosted the Munster Hurling Final on many memorable occasions.
William Vincent (civil servant)
Sir William Henry Hoare Vincent GCIE KCSI (1 April 1866 – 17 April 1941) was a Welsh civil servant and diplomat in India.

The youngest son of James Crawley Vincent and grandson of the dean of Bangor, he was educated at Christ College, Brecon and Trinity College, Dublin. In 1887 he joined the Indian Civil Service, rising to vice-president of the legislative council of India and a member of the Council of India from 1923 to 1931.

Knighted in 1913, Vincent was India's representative at the League of Nations in 1926. He returned to Wales in 1931 and became treasurer of the University College of North Wales, Bangor. He was the brother of Sir Hugh Corbet Vincent.

Vincent was knighted in 1913, created a KCSI in 1918 and a GCIE (Grand Commander of the Order of the Indian Empire) in 1922.

Bangor, Gwynedd
Bangor (/ˈbæŋɡɔːr/, /-ɡər/; Welsh: [ˈbaŋɡɔr] ⓘ) is a cathedral city and community in Gwynedd, Wales. Historically part of Caernarfonshire, the community had a population of 15,060 at the 2021 census, and the built up area had a population of 16,990. Landmarks include Bangor Cathedral, Bangor University and Garth Pier. The Britannia and Menai Suspension bridges connect the city to the Isle of Anglesey.
USS Thornton
Two ships in the United States Navy have been named USS Thornton for James Thornton.

The first USS Thornton (TB-33) was a torpedo boat, commissioned in 1902, decommissioned and redesignated Coastal Torpedo Vessel No. 16 in 1918.

The second USS Thornton (DD-270) was a Clemson-class destroyer, commissioned in 1918 and decommissioned in 1945.

Clemson-class destroyer
The Clemson class was a series of 156 destroyers (six more were cancelled and never begun) built at the end of World War I, the majority of which served with the United States Navy from after World War I and through World War II.

The Clemson-class ships were commissioned by the United States Navy from 1919 to 1922, built by Newport News Shipbuilding & Dry Dock Company, New York Shipbuilding Corporation, William Cramp & Sons, Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Mare Island Naval Shipyard, Norfolk Naval Shipyard and Bath Iron Works, some quite rapidly. The Clemson class was a minor redesign of the Wickes class for greater fuel capacity and was the last pre-World War II class of flush-deck destroyers to be built for the United States. Until the Fletcher-class destroyer, the Clemsons were the most numerous class of destroyers commissioned in the United States Navy and were known colloquially as "flush-deckers", "four-stackers" or "four-pipers".
HNLMS Soemenep
HNLMS Soemenep was a Royal Netherlands Navy minelayer. Originally constructed as a tugboat, the ship was commandeered in 1940 and rebuilt as a minelayer. Once the reconstruction was completed on 17 June 1941 the ship was commissioned.

Minelayer
A minelayer is any warship, submarine, military aircraft or land vehicle deploying explosive mines. Since World War I the term "minelayer" refers specifically to a naval ship used for deploying naval mines. "Mine planting" was the term for installing controlled mines at predetermined positions in connection with coastal fortifications or harbor approaches that would be detonated by shore control when a ship was fixed as being within the mine's effective range.

An army's special-purpose combat engineering vehicles used to lay landmines are sometimes called "minelayers".
Pasquale Aiese
Pasquale Aiese (born 27 April 1962) is an Italian lightweight rower. He won a gold medal at the 1982 World Rowing Championships in Lucerne with the lightweight men's four. He competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in the coxless pair with Marco Romano where they came fifth.

Lightweight rowing
Lightweight rowing (abbreviated Lwt or Lt) is a category of rowing where limits are placed on the maximum body weight of competitors. According to the International Rowing Federation (FISA), this weight category was introduced "to encourage more universality in the sport especially among nations with less statuesque people".

At the international level, for crew boats, the limits are:

Men: Crew average 70 kg (154.3 lb) – no rower over 72.5 kg (159.8 lb)

Women: Crew average 57 kg (125.7 lb) – no rower over 59 kg (130.1 lb)

For single sculls, the limits are 72.5 kg (159.8 lb) for men and 59 kg (130.1 lb) for women.
Non-reporting issuer
Securities regulation in Canada is conducted by the various provincial securities commissions and self-regulating organizations (“SRO”) such as the MFDA and IIROC. Securities are issued under the authority and oversight of these bodies with the result that a broad range of rules apply to companies seeking to raise capital and to the parties acting as their agents in such transactions.  However, there is a useful simplification that can be applied in Canada to provide some clarity for issuers - based on the criteria below securities issuers fall into two broad categories:

Financial regulation
Financial regulation is a broad set of policies that apply to the financial sector in most jurisdictions, justified by two main features of finance: systemic risk, which implies that the failure of financial firms involves public interest considerations; and information asymmetry, which justifies curbs on freedom of contract in selected areas of financial services, particularly those that involve retail clients and/or principal–agent problems. An integral part of financial regulation is the supervision of designated financial firms and markets by specialized authorities such as securities commissions and bank supervisors.

In some jurisdictions, certain aspects of financial supervision are delegated to self-regulatory organizations. Financial regulation forms one of three legal categories which constitutes the content of financial law, the other two being market practices and case law.
Piano Concerto No. 2 (Liszt)
Franz Liszt wrote drafts for his Concerto for Piano and Orchestra No. 2 in A major, S.125, during his virtuoso period, in 1839 to 1840. He then put away the manuscript for a decade. When he returned to the concerto, he revised and scrutinized it repeatedly. The fourth and final period of revision ended in 1861. Liszt dedicated the work to his student Hans von Bronsart, who gave the first performance, with Liszt conducting, in Weimar on January 7, 1857.

A typical performance of this concerto lasts about 25 minutes.

Wanderer Fantasy
The Fantasie in C major, Op. 15 (D. 760), popularly known as the Wanderer Fantasy, is a four-movement fantasy for solo piano composed by Franz Schubert in 1822. It is widely considered Schubert's most technically demanding composition for the piano. Schubert himself said "the devil may play it," in reference to his own inability to do so properly.
Mulholland Books (UK)
Mulholland Books (UK) is an imprint of Hodder & Stoughton, a British publishing house, now a division of Hachette UK. It specialises in the suspense fiction genre including crime novels, thrillers, police procedurals, spy stories and supernatural suspense

Vaseem Khan
Vaseem Khan (born 1973) is a British writer, author of the Baby Ganesh Detective Agency novels – a series of crime novels set in India–featuring retired Mumbai police Inspector Ashwin Chopra and his sidekick, a baby elephant named Ganesha. Previously Khan won a Shamus Award and the Eastern Eye's Arts Culture & Theatre Awards for Literature. Khan is also the author of the Malabar House crime novels, beginning with Midnight at Malabar House (2020), set in 1950s India and introducing India's first female police detective working with an English forensic scientist. In Oct 2025, Quantum of Menace by Khan was published. This is the first in a series of small town mysteries featuring Q from the James Bond franchise, authorised by the Ian Fleming estate.
Dulopolis
Dulopolis or Doulopolis (Ancient Greek: Δουλόπολις or Δόυλων πόλις) means slaves' city.

Several cities have borne this name:

A city of ancient Crete, which was mentioned by Sosicrates in the first book of his work on Crete, and was said to have contained a thousand male citizens. However, modern scholars treat Dulopolis as a false toponym.

A city in ancient Libya.

A city of sacred slaves, in which one man is free. Suda does not give any more information regarding this city.

Dulopolis in Caria.

History of Crete
The history of Crete goes back to the 7th millennium BC, preceding the ancient Minoan civilization by more than four millennia. The Minoan civilization was the first civilization in Europe.

During the Iron Age, Crete developed an Ancient Greece-influenced organization of city-states, then successively became part of the Roman Empire, the Byzantine Empire, the Venetian Republic, the Ottoman Empire, an autonomous state, and the modern state of Greece.
Llanberis railway station (Llanberis Lake Railway)
Llanberis (LLR) railway station is the southern terminus of the Llanberis Lake Railway (LLR), located in Llanberis, Gwynedd, Wales. The line and station primarily serve tourists and railway enthusiasts.

Most of the LLR was laid around 1970 on the trackbed of the closed and lifted Padarn Railway. The line opened between Gilfach Ddu (LLR) and Cei Llydan on 28 May 1971, being extended northwards to Penllyn (LLR) in 1972. For thirty years the new line's southern terminus was Gilfach Ddu (LLR), situated a short distance south of the site of the Padarn Railway's former workmen's station, also named Gilfach Ddu. In 2003 a wholly new extension was opened south westwards, with Llanberis (LLR) station as the line's new southern terminus.

The single platform station stands opposite Llanberis (SMR) station, the lower terminus of the Snowdon Mountain Railway, and not far from the site of the long-closed Llanberis standard gauge station.

Padarn Railway
The Padarn Railway was a narrow-gauge railway in North Wales, built to the unusual gauge of 4 ft (1,219 mm). It carried slate seven miles (11 km) from Dinorwic Quarry to Port Dinorwic. The line opened on 3 March 1843, replacing the Dinorwic Railway. It initially used horses, but was converted to steam haulage on 23 November 1848. The railway was formally titled the Dinorwic Quarries Railway  or Dinorwic Quarry Railway, but informally "Padarn Railway" was widely used.

The railway officially closed on 3 November 1961. The locomotive Dinorwic performed the last practical services by hauling the track-lifting trains.
APA Distinguished Scientific Award for an Early Career Contribution to Psychology
The Distinguished Scientific Award for an Early Career Contribution to Psychology is an annual award that has been given by the American Psychological Association since 1974. It is given to outstanding research psychologists who are in the early stages of their career, defined as the first nine years after they receive their Ph.D. Every year, the award is given to five psychologists, each from one of ten different areas of psychology:

Animal learning and comparative psychology,

Developmental psychology,

Health psychology,

Cognitive psychology,

Psychopathology,

Behavioral and cognitive neuroscience,

Perception and motor control,

Social psychology,

Applied psychology, and

Individual differences.

This means that every two years, one psychologist from each area will receive the award.

Psychopathology
Psychopathology is the study of mental illness. It includes the signs and symptoms of all mental disorders. The field includes abnormal cognition, maladaptive behavior, and experiences which differ according to social norms. This discipline is an in-depth look into symptoms, behaviors, causes, course, development, categorization, treatments, strategies, and more.

Biological psychopathology is the study of the biological etiology of abnormal cognitions, behaviour and experiences. Child psychopathology is a specialization applied to children and adolescents.
Zschopenthal Blue Colour Works
The Zschopenthal Blue Colour Works (German: Blaufarbenwerk Zschopenthal) was a paintworks in the Ore Mountains that manufactured blue glass paste. It is located in the village of Zschopenthal in the parish of Grünhainichen in the German state of Saxony.

Paint
Paint is a material or mixture that, when applied to a solid material and allowed to dry, adds a film-like layer. As art, this is used to create an image or images known as a painting. Paint can be made in many colors and types. Most paints are either oil-based or water-based, and each has distinct characteristics.

Primitive forms of paint were used tens of thousands of years ago in cave paintings.

Clean-up solvents are also different for water-based paint than oil-based paint. Water-based paints and oil-based paints will cure differently based on the outside ambient temperature of the object being painted (such as a house).
Reinhard von Scheffer-Boyadel
Reinhard Gottlob Georg Heinrich Freiherr von Scheffer-Boyadel (28 March 1851 – 8 November 1925) was a general of the Imperial German Army during World War I, reaching the rank of General der Infanterie.

General of the Infantry (Germany)
General of the Infantry (German: General der Infanterie, abbr. General d. Inf.) is a former rank of the German army (Heer). It is currently an appointment or position given to an OF-8 rank officer, who is responsible for particular affairs of training and equipment of the Bundeswehr infantry.
Hendrik Zwaardemaker
Hendrik Zwaardemaker ((1857-05-10)10 May 1857 – (1930-09-19)19 September 1930) was a Dutch scientist who invented the olfactometer in 1888.

From 1897 to 1927 he was professor of Experimental Physiology at the University of Utrecht. In 1903 he became member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences. In addition to his work on the sense of smell, he also conducted research on the human heart. He found that salts of potassium and other radioactive elements stimulated the heart.
His major work was "Die Physiologie des Geruchs" (Physiologie of Olfaction), it appeared in 1895.

Olfactometer
An olfactometer is an instrument used to detect and measure odor dilution. Olfactometers are used in conjunction with human subjects in laboratory settings, most often in market research, to quantify and qualify human olfaction.  Olfactometers are used to gauge the odor detection threshold of substances. To measure intensity, olfactometers introduce an odorous gas as a baseline against which other odors are compared.

Many scientists use the term "olfactometer" to refer to a device used to study insect behavior in presence of an olfactory stimulus. It consists of a tube with a bifurcation (with "T" or "Y" shape) where an insect walks and decides between two choices, usually clean air versus air carrying an odor. This is why this device is also called dual choice olfactometer.

Alternatively, an olfactometer is a device used for producing aromas in a precise and controlled manner.
Farmacias Moscoso
Farmacias Moscoso, commonly known as Moscoso, was a Puerto Rican pharmacy chain that evolved into a large company from its creation in Ponce, Puerto Rico during 1898. It was first known as Droguerías Moscoso.

Guayama, Puerto Rico
Guayama (Spanish: [ɡwaˈʝama], locally [waˈʝama]), officially the Autonomous Municipality of Guayama (Spanish: Municipio Autónomo de Guayama), is a city and municipality on the Caribbean coast of Puerto Rico. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the city had a population of 36,614. It is the center of the Guayama metropolitan area with a population of 68,442 in 2020.