hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Korşirmat
Shir Muhammad-bek Gazi, also known as Mahmud-Bek also known under the nickname Korshirmat (1895, Garbaba, Fergana – March 10, 1970) was a prominent figure of the Basmachi Movement in exile since 1923, the first head of the Turkestan Union during the Great Patriotic War with the support of the Abwehr to restore the insurrectionary movement in Turkestan. He was of Uzbek origin.

Turkestan
Turkestan, also spelled Turkistan, is a historical name for the region of Asia lying between the Caspian Sea to the west, Siberia to the north, the Gobi Desert to the east, and Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, and Tibet to the south. Turkestan is primarily inhabited by Turkic peoples, as well as Russian and Tajik-Persian minorities. It is subdivided into West Turkestan, which historically belonged to the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union, and East Turkestan (identified either with the Tarim Basin/Southern Xinjiang or with Xinjiang as a whole), which forms part of China.

Throughout history, the region has been exposed to the invasion of several different groups and kingdoms, including the Huns, Hepthalites, Bactrians, Imperial China, Arab Caliphate,  Hellenistic Macedonian Empire, Achaemenid Empire,  as well as various Turkic states and the Mongol Empire. The Qara Khitai also briefly controlled a significant bulk of Turkestan.
Beach Cities Transit
Beach Cities Transit (BCT) is a public transit service operated through inter-municipal cooperation among the cities of Redondo Beach, Hermosa Beach, and Manhattan Beach, with additional service to El Segundo. The agency operates two bus routes that provide local service and connections to the broader Greater Los Angeles transportation network. Established in 2005, Beach Cities Transit was created to assume operation of lower-ridership routes previously managed by Los Angeles Metro.

In 2024, the system recorded an annual ridership of 267,100, with an average of approximately 700 weekday boardings as of the third quarter of 2025.

Inter-municipal cooperation
Inter-municipal cooperation (IMC) is a generic term for all joint provision of public services between municipalities, who are normally but not necessarily neighbours.

Municipalities are elements of administration and have a history of several hundred years in Europe. One speaks of IMC when two or more municipalities work together to provide a public service, where cooperation ranges from coordinated behaviour to joint ventures. As territorial consolidation often fails because of political resistance, inter-municipal cooperation is a way to keep public services efficient and effective without territorial consolidation. However, IMC can have high failure rates when coordination problems between municipalities in steering and monitoring cannot be resolved. Unfortunately, coordination can be hard to achieve due to the multiple principal problem that exists in inter-municipal cooperation. In addition, its cost-efficiency can be limited.
WTNB-CD
WTNB-CD (channel 27) is a low-power, Class A religious television station licensed to Cleveland, Tennessee, United States, serving the Chattanooga area as an owned-and-operated station of the Christian Television Network (CTN). The station's transmitter is located on Sawyer Cemetery Road in unincorporated Mile Straight.

Cleveland, Tennessee
Cleveland is the county seat of and the largest city in Bradley County, Tennessee. The population was 47,356 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Cleveland metropolitan area, Tennessee (consisting of Bradley and neighboring Polk County), which is included in the Chattanooga–Cleveland–Dalton, TN–GA–AL Combined Statistical Area.

Cleveland is the seventeenth-largest city in Tennessee and has the fifth-largest industrial economy, having thirteen Fortune 500 manufacturers.
Vušković
Vušković or Vuskovic is a South Slavic surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Danijel Vušković (born 1981), Croatian footballer

Kristina Vušković (born 1967), Serbian graph theorist

Mario Vušković (born 2001), Croatian footballer

Miloš Vušković (1900–1975), Montenegrin painter

Pedro Vuskovic (1924–1993), Chilean economist and politician

Sergio Vuskovic (born 1930), Chilean politician

Luka Vuskovic (born 2007), Croatian footballer for Hajduk Split on loan from Premier League club Tottenham Hotspur until 2025

Luka Vušković
Luka Vušković (born 24 February 2007) is a Croatian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Bundesliga club Hamburger SV, on loan from Premier League club Tottenham Hotspur, and the Croatia national team.
Abra Kadabra (character)
Abra Kadabra (Citizen Abra) is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics. Created by John Broome and Carmine Infantino, he first appeared as the primary antagonist of The Flash in The Flash 128# (May 1962).

Abra Kadabra has made several animated appearances and appeared in two episodes of the live-action Arrowverse series The Flash, portrayed by David Dastmalchian.

DC Rebirth
DC Rebirth is a 2016 relaunch by the American comic book publisher DC Comics of its entire line of ongoing monthly superhero comic book titles. Using the end of The New 52 (2011–2016) initiative in May 2016 as its launching point, DC Rebirth restored the DC Universe to a form much like that prior to the 2011 "Flashpoint" storyline while still incorporating numerous elements of The New 52, including its continuity. It also saw many of its titles move to a twice-monthly release schedule, along with being released at US$2.99.

DC Comics ended the Rebirth branding in December 2017, opting to include everything under a larger "DC Universe" banner and naming. The continuity and repercussions established by Rebirth continues into the New Justice (2018–2021), Infinite Frontier (2021–2023), Dawn of DC (2023–2024), and DC All In (2024–present) eras.
Concordia (Karakoram)
Concordia (Balti: ཅོནྕོརདིཨ།; Urdu: کونکورڈیا) is the confluence of the Baltoro Glacier and the Godwin-Austen Glacier in the Karakoram mountain range of Pakistan. It is located in the Baltistan region of Pakistan, at 4,691 metres (15,390 ft) above sea level. The area is often used as a base camp for mountaineering expeditions on K2 and other nearby peaks, and is also a popular destination for trekkers and backpackers.

The name was first applied by English mountaineer Aleister Crowley during the 1902 Eckenstein/Crowley attempt on K2, and comes from the location's similarity to another glacial confluence, also named Concordia, in the Bernese Oberland of the Central Alps.

Robert Lerco was the first person to report reaching Concordia, in 1890, followed by William Martin Conway in 1892.

35°44′N 76°31′E﻿ / ﻿35.733°N 76.517°E﻿ / 35.733; 76.517

Martin Conway, 1st Baron Conway of Allington
William Martin Conway, 1st Baron Conway of Allington, Kt, FSA, FRGS (12 April 1856 – 19 April 1937), known between 1895 and 1931 as Sir Martin Conway, was an English art critic, politician, cartographer and mountaineer, who made expeditions in Europe as well as in South America and Asia.

Conway occupied several university positions and from 1918 to 1931 was a representative of the Combined English Universities as a conservative member of the House of Commons.

In 1872 he took up mountain climbing and went on expeditions to Spitsbergen from 1896 to 1897 and the Andes of Bolivia in 1898. He is an author of books on art and exploration, which include Mountain Memories (1920), Art Treasures of Soviet Russia (1925), and Giorgione as a Landscape Painter (1929).
Åse Wisløff Nilssen
Åse Wisløff Nilssen (born 20 July 1945 in Kongsvinger) is a Norwegian politician for the Christian Democratic Party.

She was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Hedmark in 1997, and was re-elected on one occasion.

Wisløff Nilssen was a member of the executive committee of the municipal council for Kongsvinger Municipality from 1991 to 1995, and of Hedmark county council during the terms 1987–1991 and 1995–1997.

Hedmark County Municipality
Hedmark County Municipality (Norwegian: Hedmark fylkeskommune) was the regional governing administration of the old Hedmark county in Norway. The county municipality was established in its most recent form on 1 January 1976 when the law was changed to allow elected county councils in Norway. The county municipality was dissolved on 1 January 2020, when Hedmark was merged with the neighboring Oppland county, creating the new Innlandet county which is led by the Innlandet County Municipality. The administrative seat is located in Hamar and the county mayor was Dag Rønning of the Centre Party.

The main responsibilities of the county municipality included the running of all of the upper secondary schools. It managed all the county roadways, public transport, dental care, culture, and cultural heritage sites in the county. Public transport was managed through Hedmark Trafikk.
Psilopogon
Psilopogon is a genus of Old World barbets that used to include only a single species, the fire-tufted barbet (P. pyrolophus). Results of molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate that the genus is nested within an evolutionary branch consisting of Asian barbets that were formerly placed in the genus Megalaima proposed by George Robert Gray in 1841. Since Psilopogon was proposed by Salomon Müller already in 1835, this name takes priority.

The name Psilopogon combines the Ancient Greek psilos meaning "bare" and pōgōn meaning "beard".

Megalaimidae
Megalaimidae, the Asian barbets, are a family of birds, comprising two genera with 35 species native to the forests of the Indomalayan realm from Tibet to Indonesia. They were once clubbed with all barbets in the family Capitonidae but the Old World species have been found to be distinctive and are considered, along with the Lybiidae and Ramphastidae, as sister groups.
BRM V8 engine
The British Racing Motors V8 was a four-stroke, naturally aspirated, 1.5 L (92 cu in), V-8 racing engine, designed, developed and built by British Racing Motors (BRM) to compete in Formula One racing, also an enlarged 2.0 L (120 cu in) version was used for sports car racing. It was built between 1962 and 1967, and came in two version; the P56, and the P60.

British Racing Motors
Formula One portal

British Racing Motors (BRM) was a British Formula One motor racing team. Founded in 1945 and based in the market town of Bourne in Lincolnshire, it participated from 1951 to 1977, competing in 197 grands prix and winning seventeen. BRM won the constructors' title in 1962 when its driver Graham Hill became world champion. In 1963, 1964, 1965 and 1971, BRM came second in the constructors' competition.
Indian states ranking by school enrollment rate
This is a list of States and Union Territories of India ranked according to Gross Enrollment Ratio (GER) of students in Classes I to VIII (6–13 yrs). The list is compiled from the Statistics of School Education- 2010–11 Report by Ministry of HRD, Government of India.

Ministry of Education (India)
The Ministry of Education (MoE) is a ministry of the Government of India, responsible for the implementation of the National Policy on Education. The ministry is further divided into two departments: the Department of School Education and Literacy, which deals with primary, secondary and higher secondary education, adult education and literacy, and the Department of Higher Education, which deals with university level education, technical education, scholarships, etc.

The current education minister is Dharmendra Pradhan, a member of the Council of Ministers. India has had a Ministry of Education since 1947. In 1985, the Rajiv Gandhi government changed its name to the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), and with the newly drafted "National Education Policy 2020" by the Narendra Modi government, the Ministry of Human Resource Development was renamed back to the Ministry of Education.
Agriculture and Rural Development Day
Between 2009 and 2012, Agriculture and Rural Development Day (ARDD) was an annual event co-organized by the Consultative Group on International Agricultural Research (CGIAR), the Earth System Science Partnership (ESSP), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the Global Forum on Agricultural Research (GFAR), the International Federation of Agricultural Producers (IFAP), and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).

International Federation of Agricultural Producers
The International Federation of Agricultural Producers (IFAP), (French: Federation Internationale des Producteurs Agricoles (FIPA)) was an organization that advocated on the international level for member farm organizations. Established in 1946, the organization was liquidated by the French Tribunal de grande instance de Paris in a judgement made on 4 November 2010, to proceed with the liquidation of IFAP after an economic and political crisis. The Federation had gone through severe financial problems.

IFAP represented over 600 million farm families grouped in 120 national organizations in 79 countries. It was a global network in which farmers from industrialized and developing countries exchanged concerns and set common priorities. IFAP was founded in 1946 to advocate farmers' interests at the international level, and had General Consultative Status with the Economic and Social Council of the United Nations.

The IFAP is succeeded by the Rome-based World Farmers' Organization (WFO).
CS Știința Miroslava
Clubul Sportiv Știința Miroslava, commonly known as Știința Miroslava or simply Miroslava, is a Romanian football club based in Miroslava, Iași County. Founded in 2009, it currently plays in Liga III, the third tier of Romanian football.

Cristian Popovici
Cristian Popovici (born 13 February 1968) is a Romanian former professional footballer and currently a manager. As a footballer Popovici played nine years for FCM Bacău, being an important member of the team that beat Steaua București with 5-1 right on the Steaua Stadium and also had appearances in European competitions as UEFA Cup or UEFA Intertoto Cup. After retirement, Popovici started his football manager career, being well known for coaching especially teams from Bacău and Moldavia such as: Aerostar Bacău, FCM Bacău, SC Bacau, FC Botoșani or Foresta Suceava, the only interruptions consisting of two short spells at Dinamo II București and Metaloglobus București.
1982–83 Biathlon World Cup
The 1982–83 Biathlon World Cup was a multi-race tournament over a season of biathlon, organised by the UIPMB (Union Internationale de Pentathlon Moderne et Biathlon). The season started on 27 January 1983 in Ruhpolding, West Germany, and ended on 11 March 1983 in Holmenkollen, Norway. It was the sixth season of the Biathlon World Cup, and the first in which women were allowed to compete in their own European Cup. Though called the European Cup, participation was not restricted to Europeans.

The second World Cup round was originally going to be held in Oberhof, East Germany, but they had to cancel due to a lack of snow. The races were therefore moved to Antholz-Anterselva, Italy.

Originally the first round of the European Cup was to be held in Jáchymov, Czechoslovakia from 21 to 24 January 1983, but it was cancelled, thus the races in Lappeenranta, Finland were the only ones held.

Ruhpolding
Ruhpolding (German pronunciation: [ˈʁuːpɔldɪŋ]) is the municipality with the biggest area of the Traunstein district in southeastern Bavaria, Germany. It is situated in the south of the Chiemgau region in the Alps and next to the Austrian border.

The economy is based on tourism and sports. Major winter sports held in the district include biathlon and Ski jumping. Other sports which are possible for tourists and residents are golf, mountainbiking, shooting, hiking, fly fishing and skiing.
BlackGEM
BlackGEM is an array of optical telescopes located at the La Silla astronomical observatory in Chile. This system is specifically designed to detect the optical counterparts from gravitational wave sources detected with Virgo and LIGO. Principal investigator of the array is Paul Groot.

La Silla Observatory
La Silla Observatory is an astronomical observatory in Chile with three telescopes built and operated by the European Southern Observatory (ESO). Several other telescopes are also located at the site and are partly maintained by ESO. The observatory is one of the largest in the Southern Hemisphere and was the first in Chile to be used by ESO.

The La Silla telescopes and instruments are located in the North of the Coquimbo region, 150 km northeast of La Serena, on the outskirts of the Atacama Desert, one of the driest and most remote areas in the world. Like other observatories in this region, La Silla is far from sources of light pollution and, like the Paranal Observatory—home to the Very Large Telescope—it has some of the darkest night skies on Earth.
Dragons' Den (British TV programme)
Dragons' Den is a British reality television business programme, presented by Evan Davis and based upon the original Japanese series. The show allows several entrepreneurs an opportunity to present their varying business ideas to a panel of five wealthy investors, the "Dragons" of the show's title, and pitch for financial investment while offering a stake of the company in return.

The first episode was broadcast on BBC Two on 4 January 2005. After 16 series on the channel, the show has been broadcast on BBC One since 2021. Reruns of previous episodes are still broadcast on BBC Two. The programme is produced by BBC Studios Factual Entertainment Productions and co-produced with Sony Pictures Television International, the owners of the format that is distributed worldwide. The show was also broadcast by UKTV channel Dave during the daytime and late nights between 2007 and 2013.

U&Dave
U&Dave is a British free-to-air television channel owned by UKTV, a subsidiary of BBC Studios. It is known for broadcasting modern comedy and factual programming, with both original production and repeats.

Launched in October 1998 as UK Gold Classics, the channel would undergo various identity and format changes before adopting the Dave branding on 15 October 2007. It was renamed U&Dave in July 2024 to mark the streaming service UKTV Play being renamed as U.

U&DaveJaVu is its sister timeshift channel. Unlike other commercial channels, it doesn't have a "+1" next to it and is named after the term déjà vu.
Raymond Clark (engineer)
Raymond Clark (engineer) is a British engineer.  He is best known for his leadership of the Society of Environmental Engineers where he served as chief executive for nearly two decades.

Clark earned his BSc in engineering in 1964 from the University of Manchester and his BA in psychology in 1967. Starting in 2001, he served as the chief executive of the Society of Environmental Engineers. In 2010, Clark was elected to the Engineering Council where he represented the smaller licensed member institutions.

Clark is a Chartered Engineer, a Chartered Environmentalist, and a Fellow of the Society of Environmental Engineers. In 2005, he was recognized as an Officer of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire. In 2014, he was recognized as an honorary fellow of the Society for the Environment.

Chartered Environmentalist
A Chartered Environmentalist (CEnv) is a professional qualification in the United Kingdom that is awarded by the Society for the Environment through its 24 licensed member organisations (listed below).

Chartered Environmentalists do not come from a single sector.  Over the years, over 7,000 professionals have registered as Chartered Environmentalists.
Are U Xperienced?
Are U Xperienced? is the debut and only studio album by American hip hop duo Yomo & Maulkie. It was named after the Jimi Hendrix 1967 album Are You Experienced. It was released on September 17, 1991 via Eazy-E's Ruthless Records, and was produced by DJ Yella. Though the album was met with some positive reviews, it was a commercial failure and did not appear on any album charts. Three singles were released: "Mama Don't", "Mockingbird", "Glory"/"Are U Xperienced?", but the only single "Glory" made it to the Billboard charts, peaking at number 7 on the Hot Rap Songs. Labelmates Jimmy Z and Jewell were featured on the album.

Parts of the song "For the Love of Money" (including Jewell's backing vocals) were later recycled on the track "Foe tha Love of $", as well as an accompanying instrumental track, "Moe Cheese", by Bone Thugs-n-Harmony, from their 1994 extended play Creepin on ah Come Up.

Syl Johnson
Sylvester Johnson (born Sylvester Thompson; July 1, 1936 – February 6, 2022) was an American blues and soul singer, musician, songwriter and record producer.  His most successful records included "Different Strokes" (1967), "Is It Because I'm Black" (1969) later covered by reggae artists Ken Boothe and Delroy Wilson, and "Take Me to the River" (1975), a cover of Al Green's 1974 original.
Hacienda San Antonio de Petrel
Hacienda San Antonio de Petrel was a Chilean hacienda located between Topocalma and Nilahue, in current Pichilemu, O'Higgins Region.

It was created in 1611 by Bartolomé de Rojas y Puebla, who owned the terrains, and who later bought more lands nearby. San Antonio de Petrel's main activity that century was the animal breeding.

In the following years, San Antonio de Petrel's income was generated by the production of leather, jerky, soles, tallow, cordovan, and animal breeding.

San Antonio de Petrel is located 18 kilometres (11 mi) east of Pichilemu. Its current owner is Francisco Javier Errázuriz Talavera.

O'Higgins Region
The Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region (Spanish: Región del Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins, pronounced [liβeɾtaˈðoɾ xeneˈɾal βeɾˈnaɾðo oˈçiɣins]), often shortened to O'Higgins Region (Spanish: Región de O'Higgins), is one of Chile's 16 first order administrative divisions. It is subdivided into three provinces. It is named in honour of Bernardo O'Higgins Riquelme, one of Chile's founding fathers.

The Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins Region is bordered to the west by the Pacific Ocean, to the east by the Republic of Argentina, to the north by the Valparaíso and Santiago Metropolitan Regions, and to the south by the Maule Region. It extends approximately between the parallels of 33° 51' and 35° 01' south latitude, and between the meridian of 70° 02' west longitude and the Pacific Ocean.

The capital and largest city of the region is Rancagua. The second major town is San Fernando.
Resistance International
Resistance International was an international anti-communist organisation that existed between 1983 and 1988. It anticipated and embodied the so-called Reagan Doctrine which took final shape in 1985. Resistance International was set up in France in May 1983 on the initiative of Soviet dissident Vladimir Bukovsky and Armando Valladares, a representative of the Cuban dissident movement.

"Today few traces remain of the activities of Resistance International", writes Galina Akkerman in a memoir describing her work for writer Vladimir Maximov at the organisation's "tiny office on the Champs Elysée" in Paris. "The internet was still unknown and to restore the history of this organisation I must turn to the few things I can recall".

Eduard Kuznetsov (dissident)
Eduard Samoilovich Kuznetsov (Russian: Эдуа́рд Само́йлович Кузнецо́в, Hebrew: אדוארד קוזנצוב; 29 January 1939 – 22 December 2024) was a Soviet-Israeli dissident, refusenik, journalist, and writer. One of the leaders of the 1970 Dymshits–Kuznetsov hijacking affair, Kuznetsov's case drew international attention following his death sentence. As a result of global protests, his sentence was commuted to fifteen years' imprisonment.

Kuznetsov was released in 1979 as part of a prisoner exchange between the Soviet Union and the United States. He subsequently made aliyah to Israel. Throughout the 1980s, he participated in the operations of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty before beginning the publication of the Russian-language Israeli newspaper Vesti in 1992. Kuznetsov is the author of three novels, two of which were written in prison and smuggled out of the country.

Kuznetsov died in Israel on 22 December 2024, at the age of 85.