hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
La Plata skate
The La Plata skate (Atlantoraja platana) is a species of fish in the family Arhynchobatidae. It lives off the coast of Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina in depths ranging from 19 to 181 meters. Its total length is about 60 centimeters. Males reach maturity when 86% of total length which means about 47 to 53 centimeters. Females attain maturity at 94% of total length, 45 to 50 centimeters. It is oviparous, lays oblong egg capsules with horned corners. Feeds small fish, penaeid crustaceans and cephalopods. It is relative rare with population trend decreasing, major threat being fishing, although it is mainly a bycatch.

Penaeidae
Penaeidae is a family of marine crustaceans in the suborder Dendrobranchiata, which are often referred to as penaeid shrimp or penaeid prawns. The Penaeidae contain many species of economic importance, such as the tiger prawn, whiteleg shrimp, Atlantic white shrimp, and Indian prawn. Many prawns are the subject of commercial fishery, and farming, both in marine settings, and in freshwater farms. Lateral line–like sense organs on the antennae have been reported in some species of Penaeidae. At 210 metres per second (760 km/h), the myelinated giant interneurons of pelagic penaeid shrimp have the world record for impulse conduction speed in any animal.
Grażyna Bernatowicz
Grażyna Maria Bernatowicz (born 12 March 1946 in Warsaw) is a Polish diplomat and political scientist. She was the Undersecretary of State at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Poland from 2000 to 2002, and again from 2007 to 2013. She has been the Polish ambassador to Spain and Andorra (2002–2007), and to the Czech Republic (2013–2017).

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Poland)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych, MSZ) is the Polish government department tasked with maintaining Poland's international relations and coordinating its participation in international and regional supra-national political organisations such as the European Union and United Nations. The head of the ministry holds a place in the Council of Ministers.
Watts Hall
Watts Hall was a building on the Ohio State University campus, in Columbus, Ohio, United States. The building was named after Arthur S. Watts, a former head of the Department of Ceramic Engineering, and former president of the American Ceramic Society. It housed the OSU Department of Materials Science and Engineering before being demolished in 2022 to make way for the second phase of the BMEC project.

American Ceramic Society
The American Ceramic Society (ACerS) is a nonprofit organization for professionals in the ceramics and glass community, with a focus on scientific research, emerging technologies, and applications in which ceramic materials are an element. ACerS is located in Westerville, Ohio.

ACerS members are engineers, scientists, researchers, manufacturers, plant personnel, educators, students, and marketing and sales representatives. Approximately 35% of the Society’s members reside outside the United States.
Billy Warbrick
William Warbrick (c. 1866 – 28 October 1901) was a New Zealand rugby union footballer who toured with the 1888–89 New Zealand Native football team on their 107-match tour of New Zealand, Australia, and the British Isles. Playing at fullback, he was one of five Warbrick brothers who participated in the tour, which was captained and organised by his half-brother Joe.

Billy Warbrick played at least 59 matches during the Natives' tour, including at least 36 in the British Isles. He was one of the star players on tour, and was described by tour manager Thomas Eyton as "a dashing player, grand tackler, first-class kick, very quick at follow up".

Following the tour Warbrick moved to Australia where he played for Queensland, and then New South Wales. He also coached Australia in their first ever Test match—against the British Isles in 1899.

He contracted tuberculosis and returned to New Zealand shortly before he died in 1901.

Thomas Eyton (public servant)
Thomas Eyton (c1843 – 14 February 1925) was one of the organisers of the 1888–89 New Zealand Native football team which toured Australia, Britain, and Ireland.

He was a New Zealand Wars veteran, serving from 1863 to 1869 in the Otahuhu Cavalry, Taranaki Bushrangers and Patea Light Horse. He then worked in the Treasury in Wellington for five years, before entering private business.

Born in Essex, England about 1825, he was the son of a Royal Navy lieutenant-commander. Educated in Essex, he was a clerk in Trinity House dealing with lighthouses for two years before deciding on an outdoor life and emigrating to New Zealand in 1862.

He died in Auckland, and is buried in Waikaraka Cemetery.
Ólafs ríma Haraldssonar
Ólafs ríma Haraldssonar is a 14th-century ríma by the Icelandic poet and official Einarr Gilsson on the career of Saint Óláfr Haraldsson (King Olaf II) of Norway.

The work is preserved in Iceland's Flateyjarbók, from around 1390, and was probably composed a couple of decades earlier. The narrative follows the account of Óláfr's life in Heimskringla, focusing on the Battle of Stiklestad and Óláfr's miracles after his death. The work is literary though the diction is simple. The ríma consists of 65 ferskeytt verses. There is no mansöngr.

Ólafs ríma is often considered the earliest ríma.

Mansöngr
A mansǫngr (literally 'maiden-song'; plural mansǫngvar; modern Icelandic mansöngur, plural mansöngvar) is a form of Norse poetry. In scholarly usage the term has often been applied to medieval skaldic love-poetry; and it is used of lyric openings to rímur throughout the Icelandic literary tradition.
Kepler-1520b
Kepler-1520b (initially published as KIC 12557548 b), is a confirmed exoplanet orbiting the K-type main sequence star Kepler-1520. It is located about 2,020 light-years (620 parsecs) away from Earth in the constellation of Cygnus. The exoplanet was found by using the transit method, in which the dimming effect that a planet causes as it crosses in front of its star is measured. The planet was previously proposed in 2012 when reports of its host star recorded drops in its luminosity varying from 0.2% to 1.3%, which indicated a possible planetary companion rapidly disintegrating. In 2015, the planetary nature of the cause of the dips was finally verified. It is expected to disintegrate in about 40–400 million years.

K-type main-sequence star
A K-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence (core hydrogen-burning) star of spectral type K. The spectral luminosity class is V. These stars are intermediate in size between red dwarfs and yellow dwarfs, hence the term orange dwarfs often applied to this type.
CNGN
cNGN (short for compliant Naira) is a Nigerian stablecoin pegged 1:1 to the Nigerian Naira (₦).

cNGN is issued under the 2025 Investments and Securities Act, which grants the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) of Nigeria authority over digital assets, while the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) retains oversight of payment systems.

Securities and Exchange Commission (Nigeria)
The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) is the main regulatory institution of the Nigerian capital market.
It is supervised by the Federal Ministry of Finance.
The Nigerian Stock Exchange (NSE) is privately owned and self-regulating, but the SEC maintains surveillance over it with the mandate of ensuring orderly and equitable dealings in securities, and protecting the market against insider trading abuses.
Cancer Immunology Research
Cancer Immunology Research is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal published by the American Association for Cancer Research. It covers research and clinical trials related to the study of cancer immunology. The editors-in-chief are Robert D. Schreiber and Philip Greenberg.  The journal was established in 2013.

Robert D. Schreiber
Robert D. Schreiber (born 1946) is an immunologist and currently is the Alumni Endowed Professor of Pathology and Immunology at Washington University School of Medicine. Schreiber has led a major revision in our understanding of how the immune system interacts with cancer. His work on the cancer immunoediting hypothesis has helped reveal that the immune system is not only capable of destroying cancers, but can also drive them into a dormant state that, in some cases, results in an improved state of malignancy.
RMST (gene)
Rhabdomyosarcoma 2 associated transcript (RMST) is a long non-coding RNA. In humans, it is located on chromosome 12q21. It is expressed at higher levels in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma than in embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma. In the brain, RMST is expressed in the developing ventral midbrain where dopaminergic neurons are formed, the developing isthmus and in the dorsal midline cells of the rostral neural tube. In the midbrain-hindbrain boundary region, its expression is regulated by PAX2.

Corpus callosum
The corpus callosum (Latin for "tough body"), also callosal commissure, is a wide, thick nerve tract, consisting of a flat bundle of commissural fibers, beneath the cerebral cortex in the brain. The corpus callosum is only found in placental mammals.  It spans part of the longitudinal fissure, connecting the left and right cerebral hemispheres, enabling communication between them. It is the largest white matter structure in the human brain, about 10 cm (3.9 in) in length and consisting of 200–300 million axonal projections.

A number of separate nerve tracts, classed as subregions of the corpus callosum, connect different parts of the hemispheres. The main ones are known as the genu, the rostrum, the trunk or body, and the splenium.
Besen
Besen or Bešen is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gabrijela Bešen-Bartulović (born 1994), Croatian handball goalkeeper, sister of Lucija

Lucija Bešen (born 1994), Croatian handball goalkeeper, sister of Gabrijela

Marcus Besen (1923–2023), Australian businessman and philanthropist

Sunny Besen Thrasher (born 1976), former Canadian child actor

Ümit Besen (born 1956), represents the darker side of Tarabya school of electronic music

Wayne Besen (born 1970), American gay rights advocate

Gabrijela Bartulović
Gabrijela Bartulović (née Bešen; born 6 December 1994) is a Croatian handball player for SCM Râmnicu Vâlcea and the Croatian national team.

She participated at the 2016 European Women's Handball Championship.

Her younger sister Lucija Bešen is also a handball player.
Dr. Richard Thornton House
Dr. Richard Thornton House is a historic physician's residence and farm located in Halifax County, Virginia, United States. The residence was constructed in 1818 by Dr. Richard Thornton, a physician and grandson of William Thornton of Brunswick, a Colonial politician and wealthy land owner.

William Thornton (Virginia burgess)
William Thornton (December 20, 1717 – 1790) was a British American planter and public official in Colonial Virginia. Thornton served as member of the House of Burgesses for Brunswick County from 1756 to 1768 and as justice of the county and of the quorum as early as 1760 and as late as 1774/5. Thornton was the great-grandson of William Thornton who arrived in Virginia from England as late as 1646 settling in Gloucester County, Virginia. He was through his paternal line a cousin of fellow burgesses, Francis Thornton of Spotsylvania, Presley Thornton of Northumberland, George Thornton of Spotsylvania, William Thornton of King George and William Thornton of Richmond County, Virginia.
Xanthurenic acid
Xanthurenic acid, or xanthurenate, is a metabolic intermediate that accumulates and is excreted by pyridoxine (vitamin B6) deficient animals after the ingestion of tryptophan.

Xanthurenic acid is suspected to be an endogenous agonist for Group II metabotropic glutamate receptors in humans. It is also known to be a potent VGLUT inhibitor, thereby preventing the movement of glutamate from the cytoplasm into synaptic vesicles, an action that it mediates via competitive blockade of vesicular glutamate transporters (Ki = 0.19 mM).

In 2015 researchers reported a marked reduction of xanthurenic acid levels in the serum of patients with schizophrenia. A recent meta-analysis showed that blood xanthurenic acid levels are lower in individuals suffering from bipolar disorder as well.

Xanthurenic acid has also been shown to induce gametogenesis of Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite that causes malaria. It is found in the gut of the Anopheles mosquito.

Metabotropic glutamate receptor
The metabotropic glutamate receptors, or mGluRs, are a type of glutamate receptor that are active through an indirect metabotropic process.  They are members of the group C family of G-protein-coupled receptors, or GPCRs. Like all glutamate receptors, mGluRs bind with glutamate, an amino acid that functions as an excitatory neurotransmitter.
2011 Campeonato Nacional Primera División
The 2011 Primera División del Fútbol Profesional Chileno season (known as the 2011 Campeonato Nacional Petrobras for sponsorship reasons) was the 80th season of top-flight football in Chile. Universidad Católica was the defending champion. Universidad de Chile won both the Apertura and the Clausura Championships

Petrobras
Petróleo Brasileiro S.A., better known by and trading as the portmanteau Petrobras (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˌpɛtɾoˈbɾas, pet-]), is a Brazilian majority state-owned multinational corporation in the petroleum industry, which is headquartered in Rio de Janeiro. The company's name translates to Brazilian Petroleum Corporation.

The company was ranked #71 in the 2023 Fortune Global 500 list. In the 2023 Forbes Global 2000, Petrobras was ranked as the 58th-largest public company in the world.
Pycnodontidae
Pycnodontidae is an extinct family of ray-finned fishes, ranging from the Jurassic period until the Late Eocene. It was the largest and most derived family of the successful Mesozoic fish order Pycnodontiformes, and one of only two families (alongside the Serrasalmimidae) to survive into the Cenozoic.

Priabonian
The Priabonian is, in the ICS's geologic timescale, the latest age or the upper stage of the Eocene Epoch or Series. It spans the time between 37.71 and 33.9 Ma. The Priabonian is preceded by the Bartonian and is followed by the Rupelian, the lowest stage of the Oligocene.

Priabona, an extinct dipteran of Pipunculidae family, is named after Priabonian, the age of deposits from which this insect is known.
William Oakley (cricketer)
William Oakley (6 May 1868 – unknown) was an English cricketer active in first-class play from 1892 to 1894 who played for Lancashire.

He was born in Shrewsbury.

He appeared in 24 first-class matches as a bowler of left arm medium pace. He scored 144 runs with a highest score of 24 and held 21 catches. He took 55 wickets with a best analysis of six for 50.

Below first-class cricket, Oakley also played for the Liverpool and District teams as well as at county level for Shropshire between 1891 and 1905, playing in 34 matches where he made a total 394 runs and took 239 wickets. He was engaged as a professional player for the cricket clubs of Sefton in Liverpool, Todmorden and Scarborough.

Shropshire County Cricket Club
Shropshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Shropshire.

The team is a member of the Minor Counties Championship Western Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Shropshire played List A matches occasionally from 1974 until 2005, but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club plays at Shrewsbury and around the county at Bridgnorth, Oswestry, Shifnal, Wellington, and Whitchurch.
Rail transport in Ivory Coast
Ivory Coast (Côte d'Ivoire) has 660 kilometres (410 mi) of railway (1995 estimate). The track gauge is 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in).

The railway was built during the French colonial period, and links the port city of Abidjan with Ouagadougou, the capital of Burkina Faso.

Ivory Coast also has a metro system under construction, known as the Abidjan Metro. It will be 37 km long and connect Abidjan with Port-Bouët and Anyama.

Port-Bouët
Port-Bouët is a suburb of Abidjan, Ivory Coast. It is one of the 10 urban communes of the city. Port-Bouët is one of four communes of Abidjan that are entirely south of Ébrié Lagoon, the others being Treichville, Koumassi, and Marcory.

Port-Bouët had not been inhabited until around 1930. The Port Bouët/Petit Bassam lighthouse (French: Phare de Port Bouët (Petit Bassam)) was built in the early 1930s.

Félix-Houphouët-Boigny International Airport (French: Aéroport international Félix Houphouët-Boigny or Aéroport international Abidjan) is located in Port-Bouët, as well as the Abidjan Exhibition Centre.
Japanese submarine Ha-205
Ha-205 was an Imperial Japanese Navy Ha-201-class submarine. Completed and commissioned in July 1945, she served during the final weeks of World War II. She surrendered at the end of the war in September 1945 and was scuttled in May 1946.

Ha-201-class submarine
The Ha-201-class submarine (波二百一型潜水艦, Ha-ni-hyaku-ichi-gata sensuikan) were a class of small submarines designed for the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN). They were first deployed in 1945, but never saw combat. The Ha-201's were designed from the outset to have high underwater speed and were based on the earlier Submarine No.71 prototype. The official designation of the submarine was Sentaka-Shō type submarine (潜高小型潜水艦, Sen-Taka-Ko-gata sensuikan, "Submarine High speed-Small type"). The type name was shortened to Suichū Kōsoku Sensuikan Ko-gata (水中高速潜水艦小型, Underwater High speed Submarine Small type).
Tug of war at the 1981 World Games
Tug of war was contested in two weight classes for men at the 1981 World Games.  These were the first World Games, an international quadrennial multi-sport event, and were held in Santa Clara, California in the United States. The 640 kg tug of war competition was the first event of the games, as it was held immediately following the opening ceremony at the same location, Buck Shaw Stadium. The Swiss athletes were associated with a club from Engelberg, while the United States was represented by a club from Orfordville, Wisconsin. In an interview during the Games, Albert Sabin, the chief judge of the event, revealed that he was from Birmingham, then hastened to add, "England, not (Birmingham) Alabama."

Engelberg
Engelberg (lit.: mountain of angel(s)) is a village resort and a municipality in the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland. Alongside the central village of Engelberg, the municipality encompasses additional settlements, including Grafenort, Oberberg and Schwand.

The municipality of Engelberg is an exclave, entirely encircled by the neighboring cantons of Bern, Nidwalden and Uri.

Engelberg is a mountain resort in Central Switzerland. In the Middle Ages, the area garnered recognition for its Benedictine monastery, known as Engelberg Abbey. As time progressed, particularly from the 19th century onwards, Engelberg became a well-known mountain resort. The city of Lucerne serves as the nearest major urban center.

While the official language of Engelberg is German, the predominant spoken language is the local variation of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.
James Watts (British politician)
James Watts (22 August 1903 – 7 July 1961) was a Conservative politician in the United Kingdom.

He was elected at the 1959 general election as Member of Parliament for Manchester Moss Side, but died in office two years later, aged 57. His aunt was Dame Agatha Christie, who dedicated several books to him, including The Secret of Chimneys (1925).

1959 United Kingdom general election
A general election was held in the United Kingdom on Thursday, 8 October 1959. The Conservative Party under the leadership of incumbent prime minister Harold Macmillan won a landslide victory with a majority of 100 seats. This was their third election victory in a row.

The Conservatives won the largest number of votes in Scotland, but narrowly failed to win the most seats in that country. They have not made either achievement ever since. Both Jeremy Thorpe, a future Liberal leader, and Margaret Thatcher, a future Conservative leader and eventually Prime Minister, first entered the House of Commons following this election.
Ife-Ijumu
7°50′14″N 5°54′54″E﻿ / ﻿7.83732525°N 5.91506076°E﻿ / 7.83732525; 5.91506076

Ife-Ijumu is a town in the Ijumu local government area, located in Kogi State in midwest Nigeria. It lies between Ekinrin-Adde and Ikoyi-Ijumu, along the Lokoja to Ado-Ekiti Highway. The town is near Kabba. The people call themselves Ufe and speak the distinctive Ufe dialect of Okun language. The town is surrounded by rocky hills and mountains. Prominent among these hills and mountains are Ogidi, Agere, Ogbogba, Okekafe and Orokeotun.
These hills are mountains served social, cultural, political, economic and security purposes in the past. These hills were places where the various lineages constituting the present community once lived.

The Itaakpa rock shelter archaeological site is located about half of a kilometer west of the town.

Ijumu
Ìjùmúlistenⓘ is a Local Government Area in Kogi State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Iyara. Other towns in the local government include Ayetoro Gbede, Iyah-Gbede, Ayegunle Gbede, Araromi Gbede, Ayere, Ayeh Gbede, Okoro Gbede, Odokoro Gbede, Ekinrin-Adde, Egbeda Egga, Iyamoye, Ogidi, Ikoyi, Otungba, Oton-Ade, Origa, and others. The people of Ìjùmú speak the Okun dialect of the Yoruba language. The main occupation is farming among men, while women are engaged in trade. Education is the major industry in Ìjùmú.

It has an area of 1,306 km2 and a population of 119,929 at the 2006 census.

The postal code of the area is 261.

The current chairman of the local government is Hon. Haruna Ibrahim. The current National President of the Ijumu Development Union (IDU) is Comrade Ahmed-Ade Fatai. He was elected during the IDU Annual Congress at Iyara in December 2024 for a term of two years, taking over from the previous National President, Ọba Kayode Olorunmaiye
Siege of Alençon
The siege of Alençon occurred in the town of Alençon, in present-day France, in the year 1047. It was fought between William the Conqueror, duke of the Duchy of Normandy, and Geoffrey II, Count of Anjou and his supporters.

The battle started over the Count of Anjou claiming the semi-autonomous region of Maine, which was a contested border territory between Normandy and Anjou. Supporters of the Count of Anjou seized Alençon and another fortress at Domfront. During their occupation of the town, the rebels hung animal hides, a reference to his mother being the daughter of a tanner. In response to this, after the surrender of Alençon, William had the rebels' hands and feet cut off so as to defend his mother's honor. This victory made William the undisputed Duke of Normandy.

Domfront, Orne
Domfront (French pronunciation: [dɔ̃fʁɔ̃] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Orne department in north-western France. It is classed as a Petites Cités de Caractère. On 1 January 2016, it was merged into the new commune of Domfront-en-Poiraie.
Phaendin Thong railway station
Phaendin Thong railway station is a railway station located in Nong Yai To Subdistrict, Chai Badan District, Lopburi Province. It is a class 3 railway station located 226.45 km (140.7 mi) from Bangkok railway station.

Chai Badan district
Chai Badan (Thai: ชัยบาดาล, pronounced [t͡ɕʰāj bāː.dāːn]) is a district (amphoe) in the eastern part of Lopburi province, central Thailand. The local people usually call it Lam Narai, as the district center is in Tambon Lam Narai.