hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Wilson (rugby union, born 1909)
Air commodore James Stewart Wilson (4 September 1909 — 30 April 1994) was a Royal Air Force officer and Scotland international rugby union player.

Born in Dundee, Wilson attended the High School of Dundee and studied medicine at the University of St Andrews, where he captained the first XV. He was a powerfully-built forward, gaining five Scotland caps over two years, which included a Calcutta Cup win in 1931.

Wilson obtained his medical degree in 1933 and after a brief period as a surgeon at Dundee Royal Infirmary was posted to Aden with the Royal Air Force. He later became an Air commodore.

Air commodore
Air commodore (Air Cdre or Air Cmde) is an air officer rank used by some air forces, with origins from the Royal Air Force. The rank is also used by the air forces of many countries which have historical British influence and it is sometimes used as the English translation of an equivalent rank in countries which have a non-English air force-specific rank structure.

Air commodore is immediately senior to group captain and immediately subordinate to air vice-marshal. It is usually equivalent to a commodore or a brigadier/brigadier general.

The equivalent rank in the Women's Auxiliary Air Force, Women's Royal Air Force (until 1968) and Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service (until 1980) was "air commandant".
2024 Internazionali di Tennis Città di Trieste
The 2024 Internazionali di Tennis Città di Trieste was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 5th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2024 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Trieste, Italy between 8 and 14 July 2024.

Internazionali di Tennis Città di Trieste
The Internazionali di Tennis Città di Trieste is a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It is held annually in Trieste, Italy since 2020.
Rusangu University
Rusangu University, formerly known as Zambia Adventist University, is a private coeducational Christian university based in Rusangu Mission near Monze in Zambia. It is owned and operated by the Seventh-day Adventist Church.  This is considered one of the best universities in Zambia and in Africa region.  This is known for its academic standards and research contributions.

It is a part of the Seventh-day Adventist education system, the world's second largest Christian school system.

Monze
Monze is a prominent town in the Southern Province of Zambia, with a population of 268,432 according to the 2022 census. It is located about 180 kilometers south-west of Lusaka. It serves as the administrative center for the Monze District.

The town is named after Chief Monze, widely acknowledged as the spiritual leader of the Tonga people who inhabit the district. His palace is south of the town near a place called Gonde where a ceremony called Lwiindi takes place. This annual festival is a thanksgiving ceremony which attracts many people from around the country.

Monze is a rapidly urbanising town with growth extending along the railway line and T1 highway. The town is divided into neighbourhoods known locally as ‘compounds’. There is a substantial open-air market in Monze and a small but growing range of agri-dealerships, shops, bars and restaurants.
Belote
Belote (French pronunciation: [bəlɔt]) is a 32-card, trick-taking, ace–ten game played primarily in France and certain European countries, namely Armenia, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Georgia (mainly Guria), Greece, Luxembourg, Moldova, Macedonia (mainly Bitola), Bosnia and Herzegovina and also in Saudi Arabia and Tunisia. It is one of the most popular card games in those countries, and the national card game of France, both casually and in gambling.

It appeared around 1900 in France, and is a close relative of both Klaberjass (also known as bela) and klaverjas. Closely related games are played throughout the world. Definitive rules of the game were first published in French in 1921.

Within the game's terminology, belote is used to designate a pair of a king and a queen of a trump suit, possibly yielding the game's name itself.

Variations on the game include belot in eastern Europe, baloot in Saudi Arabia, and pilotta in Cyprus.

Cut (cards)
In card games, to cut the cards (also "cut the deck" or "cut the pack") is to split the deck into two packets by lifting one packet from the top and placing it face down next to the remaining cards beneath it. The lower packet is then placed on top of it. This is typically done after the cards have already been shuffled, and the procedure is used just prior to the cards being dealt to the players. The aim of this is to reduce the possibility of cheating, for example, by knowing the top or bottom card. Cutting the cards is also a common way of determining the seating order at a card table, the partnerships or the first dealer.
Lybrook, New Mexico
Lybrook is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Rio Arriba County, New Mexico, United States. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

The CDP is in the southwest corner of the county, bordered to the south by Sandoval County. U.S. Route 550 passes through the center of the community, leading northwest 48 miles (77 km) to Bloomfield and southeast 40 miles (64 km) to Cuba.

Sandoval County, New Mexico
Sandoval County (Spanish: Condado de Sandoval) is a county located in the U.S. state of New Mexico. As of the 2020 census, the population was 148,834, making it the fourth-most populous county in New Mexico. The county seat is Bernalillo.

Sandoval County is part of the Albuquerque metropolitan area.
Milano Assicurazioni
Milano Assicurazioni was an Italian financial services company based in Milan, Italy.

The company was particularly active in the insurance sector, where it underwrites life, property, casualty and marine cover.

In 1992 Roberto Pontremoli was appointed by Paolo Savona as extraordinary commissioner. In one year he resolved economic problems of the company.

The company was listed on the Borsa Italiana and was a constituent of the S&P/MIB index.

On 6 January 2014 the company merged with Unipol Assicurazioni and Premafin by incorporation in Fondiaria-Sai that was renamed to UnipolSai Assicurazioni S.P.A..

FTSE MIB
The FTSE MIB (Milano Indice di Borsa) (the S&P/MIB prior to June 2009)  is the benchmark stock market index for the Borsa Italiana, the Italian national stock exchange, which superseded the MIB-30 in September 2004. The index consists of the 40 most-traded stock classes on the exchange. The index was administered by Standard & Poor's from its inception until June 2009, when this responsibility was passed to FTSE Group, which is 100% owned by the London Stock Exchange Group.
Methylacidiphilum infernorum
Methylacidiphilum infernorum  is an extremely acidophilic methanotrophic aerobic bacteria first isolated and described in 2007 growing on soil and sediment on Hell's Gate, New Zealand. Similar organisms have also been isolated from geothermal sites on Italy and Russia.

A polyextremophile, these non-motile rods grows optimally at pH between 2.0 and 2.5 and temperature of 60 °C. It is a methanotrophic obligated bacteria that grows at 25% (v/v) of methane in air. It is also very dependent on carbon dioxide concentrations to grow, optimally at 8% (v/v) CO2 in air.

Due to its classification in the phylum Verrucomicrobiota and its extreme acidophilic phenotype M. infernorum is unique between all known methanotrophs.

Extremophile
An extremophile (from Latin  extremus 'extreme' and Ancient Greek  φιλία (philía) 'love') is an organism that is able to live (or in some cases thrive) in extreme environments, i.e., environments with conditions approaching or stretching the limits of what known life can adapt to, such as extreme temperature, pressure, radiation, salinity, or pH level.

Since the definition of an extreme environment is relative to an arbitrarily defined standard, often an anthropocentric one, these organisms can be considered ecologically dominant in the evolutionary history of the planet. Extremophiles have continued to thrive in the most extreme conditions, making them one of the most abundant lifeforms. The study of extremophiles has expanded human knowledge of the limits of life, and informs speculation about extraterrestrial life. Extremophiles are also of interest because of their potential for bioremediation of environments made hazardous to humans due to pollution or contamination.
2020 Lima Challenger
The 2020 Lima Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the fourteenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2020 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Lima, Peru between 23 and 29 November 2020.

Vitaliy Sachko
Vitaliy Sachko (Ukrainian: Віталій Дмитрович Сачко; born 14 July 1997) is a Ukrainian professional tennis player. He has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 156, achieved on 31 July 2023 and a doubles ranking of No. 122, achieved on 28 July 2025. He is currently the No. 1 player from Ukraine.
German settlement in Australia
German settlement in Australia began in large numbers in 1838, with the arrival of immigrants from Prussia to Adelaide, in the then colony of South Australia. German immigrants became prominent in settling South Australia and Queensland. From 1850 until World War I, German settlers and their descendants comprised the largest non-British or Irish group of Europeans in Australia.

Port Adelaide
Port Adelaide is a port-side region of Adelaide, approximately 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) northwest of the Adelaide CBD. It is also the namesake of the City of Port Adelaide Enfield council, a suburb, a federal and state electoral division and is the main port for the city of Adelaide. Port Adelaide played an important role in the formative decades of Adelaide and South Australia, with the port being early Adelaide's main supply and information link to the rest of the world. Its Kaurna name, although not officially adopted as a dual name, is Yertabulti.
The Unknown Terrorist
The Unknown Terrorist is the 2006 fourth novel by the Australian novelist Richard Flanagan.

Writing in The Guardian, Scottish novelist James Buchan described the novel as moving Heinrich Böll's 1974 work The Lost Honour of Katharina Blum into the context of the contemporary Australian city of Sydney.

It was described by the New York Times' Michiko Kakatani as "an armature for a brilliant meditation upon the post-9/11 world".

Heinrich Böll
Heinrich Theodor Böll (/bɜːrl/; German: [ˈhaɪnʁɪç ˈteːodoːɐ̯ ˈbœl] ⓘ; 21 December 1917 – 16 July 1985) was a German writer. Considered one of Germany's foremost post–World War II writers, Böll received the Georg Büchner Prize (1967) and the Nobel Prize for Literature (1972).
Nicholas II Sanudo
Nicholas II Sanudo (or Niccolò, also called Spezzabanda; died aft. 1374) was the Lord of Gridia (a fief in Andros) and eighth Duke of the Archipelago as the husband and co-ruler of Florence Sanudo from 1364 to 1371.

Nicholas was a son of Guglielmazzo Sanudo, Lord of Gridia. Florence's first marriage was to Giovanni dalle Carceri, but he died in 1358, without issue. She tried to remarry, first to the Vignoso, Genoese Lord of Chios, and then to Nerio I Acciajuoli, the future Duke of Athens, but both potential husbands were vetoed by the Republic of Venice, which kidnapped her and brought to Crete. There she was forced to marry in 1364 her cousin Nicholas Spezzabanda. Florence died in 1371.

By his wife Florence, he left only daughters: Maria, who inherited Andros, and Elisabetta Sanudo.

Giovanni dalle Carceri
Giovanni dalle Carceri (died 1358) was a Lord of Euboea.

He was the son of Peter dalle Carceri and his second wife. He married Florence Sanudo, who became the seventh Duchess of the Archipelago in 1362, daughter and successor of John I, Duke of the Archipelago. Their son was Nicholas III dalle Carceri, who inherited both the Duchy and the Lordship.
Iosif Prigozhin
Iosif Igorevich Prigozhin (born 2 April 1969) is а Russian music producer. He has produced for the singers Valeria, Natalia Vetlitskaya, Vakhtang Kikabidze, Nikolai Noskov, Aleksandr Marshal, Avraam Russo, Kristina Orbakaitė, Didulya and many others. He is the creator of the record label NOX Music has organized various Russian music festivals, concerts, and television programs.

Natalya Vetlitskaya
Natalia Igorevna Vetlitskaya (Russian: Ната́лья И́горевна Ветли́цкая; born 17 August 1964) is a Soviet and Russian singer and actress, popular in the 1990s, who released six studio albums between 1992 and 2004. She retired from the music scene in 2009 and, as of 2018, resides in Spain.
2013 Yakima Regional Hospital Challenger – Doubles
Samantha Crawford and Madison Keys were the defending champions, having won the event in 2012, but both players chose not to defend their title. Jan Abaza and Allie Will won the title, defeating Naomi Broady and Irina Falconi in the final, 7–5, 3–6, [10–3].

Allie Will
Allie Will (born April 20, 1991) is an American former tennis player.

Will was born in Boca Raton, Florida. She won eleven doubles titles on the ITF Women's Circuit in her career. On July 22, 2013, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 293. On February 3, 2014, she peaked at No. 98 in the doubles rankings.

In April 2013, Will made her WTA Tour debut at the 2013 Monterrey Open, alongside Asia Muhammad in doubles, reaching the semifinals.
Democratic Left (Spain)
The Democratic Left (Spanish: Izquierda Democrática, ID) was a Christian left political party in Spain. It was formed by people from the anti-Francoist opposition, like Gregorio Peces-Barba or Joaquín Ruíz-Giménez. The party had two main internal factions: the social democratic one and the Christian democratic one.

Christian left
The Christian left is a range of Christian political and social movements that largely embrace social justice principles and uphold a social doctrine or social gospel based on their interpretation of the teachings of Christianity. Given the inherent diversity in international political thought, the term Christian left can have different meanings and applications in different countries. While there is much overlap, the Christian left is distinct from liberal Christianity, meaning not all Christian leftists are liberal Christians and vice versa.

In the United States, the Christian left usually aligns with modern liberalism and progressivism, using the social gospel to achieve better social and economic equality. Christian anarchism, Christian communism, and Christian socialism are subsets of the socialist Christian left. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, authors of the Communist Manifesto, both had Christian upbringings; however, neither were devout Christians.
1990 United States federal government shutdown
The United States federal government shut down from Saturday, October 6, until Monday, October 8, 1990. It stemmed from the fact that a deficit reduction package negotiated by President George H. W. Bush contained tax increases, despite his campaign promise of "read my lips: no new taxes", leading to a revolt led by House Minority Whip Newt Gingrich that defeated the initial appropriations package.  Because the shutdown occurred over a weekend, the effects of the shutdown were lessened, with the National Parks and the Smithsonian museums being the most visible closures.  Around 2,800 workers were furloughed, with the government losing $2.57 million in lost revenue and back wages.

Furlough
A furlough (/ˈfɜːrloʊ/; from Dutch: verlof, "leave of absence") is a temporary cessation of paid employment that is intended to address the problems of a company or employer; these problems may be due to economic conditions that affect a specific employer, or to those prevailing in society as a whole. Furloughs may be short-term or long-term. They are also known as temporary layoffs.
Endicott, New York
Endicott is a village within the town of Union in Broome County, New York, United States. The population was 13,392 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Binghamton metropolitan area. The village is named after Henry B. Endicott, a founding member of the Endicott Johnson Corporation shoe manufacturing company, who founded the community as the "Home of the Square Deal".

The village of Endicott is in the town of Union and is west of the city of Binghamton. The community is served by the Greater Binghamton Airport/Edwin A. Link Field. It is part of the "Triple Cities", along with Binghamton and Johnson City.

Greater Binghamton Airport
Greater Binghamton Airport (IATA: BGM, ICAO: KBGM, FAA LID: BGM) is a county-owned American airport eight miles north of Binghamton, in Broome County, New York. It is in east Maine, New York and serves the Southern Tier of New York.

The airport was named Broome County Airport through the 1970s.  It was renamed Edwin A. Link Field-Broome County Airport to honor the inventor of the aircraft instrument simulator, the Link Trainer, a name it kept until the 1990s when it was again renamed as Binghamton Regional Airport. The name Greater Binghamton Airport was chosen in 2003. The field is still named in Link's honor.

The National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2011–2015 categorized it as a primary commercial service airport (more than 10,000 enplanements per year). Federal Aviation Administration records say the airport had 108,325 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2008, 98,090 in 2009 and 108,988 in 2010.
Chen Qiang (general)
Chen Qiang (born February 1956) is a former military officer in the Chinese People's Liberation Army. He attained the rank of major general in July 2010. He graduated from PLA National Defense University. He once served as Deputy Commander of 96351 Unit of the Second Artillery Corps. During the 2008 Sichuan earthquake, he joined in the relief work. In May 2014, he was sentenced to life imprisonment for "corruption, bribery, huge amount of property with unidentified sources".

People's Liberation Army National Defense University
The PLA National Defense University is a national military university headquartered in Haidian, Beijing, China, with constituent and affiliated military academies nationwide. Established in 1985 by a military order of Deng Xiaoping, the university is under the "institutional leadership" of the Central Military Commission. The university is the highest military education institution of China.

The current president of the university is People's Liberation Army (PLA) general Xiao Tianliang. Its current political commissar is vice admiral Xia Zhihe.
Scarp retreat
Scarp retreat is a geological process through which the location of an escarpment changes over time.  Typically the cliff is undermined, rocks fall and form a talus slope, the talus is chemically or mechanically weathered and then removed through water or wind erosion, and the process of undermining resumes.  Scarps may retreat for tens of kilometers in this way over relatively short geological time spans, even in arid locations.

Cuesta
A cuesta (Spanish for 'slope') is a hill or ridge with a gentle slope on one side, and a steep slope on the other. In geology, the term is more specifically applied to a ridge where a harder sedimentary rock overlies a softer layer, the whole being tilted somewhat from the horizontal. This results in a long and gentle backslope called a dip slope that conforms with the dip of resistant strata, called caprock. Where erosion has exposed the frontslope of this, a steep slope or escarpment occurs. The resulting terrain may be called scarpland.
Angelo Maurizi
Angelo Maurizi (L'Aquila, 19 December 2000) is an Italian rugby union player.
His usual position is as a Flanker and he currently plays for Calvisano in Top12.

He also represented Calvisano in the 2019–20 European Rugby Challenge Cup as Additional Player.

In 2019 and 2020, Maurizi was named in the Italy Under 20 squad.

L'Aquila
L'Aquila (/ˈlækwɪlə/ LAK-wil-ə; Italian: [ˈlaːkwila] ⓘ; Neapolitan: [ˈlaːkwiːlə]) is the capital city of the region of Abruzzo in central Italy. With 70,421 inhabitants as of 2025, it is also the second-largest city in the region. Laid out within medieval walls on a hill in the wide valley of the Aterno river, it is surrounded by the Apennine Mountains, with the Gran Sasso d'Italia to the north-east.

L'Aquila sits on a hillside in the middle of a narrow valley; the tall snow-capped mountains of the Gran Sasso massif flank the town. A maze of narrow streets, lined with Baroque and Renaissance buildings and churches, open onto elegant piazzas. Home to the University of L'Aquila, it is a lively college town and, as such, has many cultural institutions: a repertory theatre, a symphony orchestra, a fine art academy, a state conservatory and a film institute. There are several ski resorts in the surrounding province (Campo Imperatore, Ovindoli, Pescasseroli, Roccaraso, Scanno).
Robert Award for Best Children's Film
The Robert Award for Best Children's Film (Danish: Robert Prisen for årets børne- og ungdomsfilm) is one of the merit awards presented by the Danish Film Academy at the annual Robert Awards ceremony. The award has been handed out since 2002.

Danish Film Academy
The Danish Film Academy (FilmAkademiet), locally known as the Danmarks Filmakademi (DFA) is a Danish organisation the promotes the film industry.

The Danish Film Academy was founded in 1982 by a number of people with professional connection to the film industry. The Academy aims to promote film as an independent art form, and its members are primarily people who work with film. The Academy's largest annual event is the Robert Award ceremony.

Jacob Neiiendam, former head of programming at Copenhagen International Film Festival from 2005 to 2007, Nordic correspondent for Screen from 1999 until 2005, and founder-director of the CPH PIX film festival (2008-2018), became chair of the academy before or during 2018. He had run the Robert Awards from 2013.
Leucopogon audax
Leucopogon audax is a species of flowering plant in the heath family Ericaceae and is endemic to a restricted area of the south-west of Western Australia. It is an erect, open, single-stemmed shrub with hairy branchlets, egg-shaped leaves and white flowers sometimes tinged with pink, in groups in upper leaf axils or on the ends of branches.

Ericaceae
The Ericaceae (/ˌɛrɪˈkeɪsi.aɪ, -iː/) are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the heath or heather family, found most commonly in acidic and infertile growing conditions. The family is large, with about 4,250 known species spread across 124 genera, making it the 14th most speciose family of flowering plants. The many well known and economically important members of the Ericaceae include the cranberry, blueberry, huckleberry, rhododendron (including azaleas), and various common heaths and heathers (Erica, Cassiope, Daboecia, and Calluna for example).
Cardium Formation
The Cardium Formation is a stratigraphic unit of Late Cretaceous age in the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin. It takes the name from the fossilized heart-shaped cockle shells in the family Cardiidae (from Greek καρδίᾱ kardiā, "heart") present. It was first described along the Bow River banks by James Hector in 1895. It is present throughout western Alberta and in northeastern British Columbia, and it is a major source of petroleum and natural gas.

Stratigraphic unit
A stratigraphic unit is a volume of rock of identifiable origin and relative age range that is defined by the distinctive and dominant, easily mapped and recognizable petrographic, lithologic or paleontologic features (facies) that characterize it.

Units must be mappable and distinct from one another, but the contact need not be particularly distinct. For instance, a unit may be defined by terms such as "when the sandstone component exceeds 75%".