hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kastellokampos
Kastellokampos (Greek: Καστελλόκαμπος, meaning "plain with a castle") is a neighbourhood of the city of Patras, Achaea, Greece. It has been part of the municipality of Patras since 1879. It is situated on the Gulf of Patras coast, 6 km north of the city centre of Patras and 1.5 km southwest of Rio. The population is between 2,000 and 3,000. The river Charadros flows into the sea in Kastellokampos. The A5 motorway passes east of the neighbourhood. Kastellokampos has a station on the Piraeus–Patras railway, served by Proastiakos suburban rail.

Achaea
Achaea (/əˈkiːə/) or Achaia (/əˈkaɪə/), sometimes transliterated from Greek as Akhaia (Αχαΐα, Akhaḯa, Greek: [axaˈia]), is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the region of Western Greece and is situated in the northwestern part of the Peloponnese peninsula. The capital is Patras which is the third largest city in Greece.
Motswako
Motswako is a subgenre of hip hop originating from South Africa additionally prominently popularized  in Botswana. Mafikeng, the genre's origin point, is located close to the border of Botswana, where Setswana (Tswana) is predominantly spoken similar to Mafikeng. Motswako blends rap lyrics in local languages like Setswana with English over a steady beat. It also incorporates languages such as Sesotho, Zulu and Afrikaans depending on the artist's background. Popularized by South African acts like HHP and Baphixile (comprising "Prof" and "Blax Myth") in the late nineties, it gained a significant following among local audiences. Many emerging artists in South Africa use motswako as a foundation for their music careers due to its accessible principles, emphasizing creative writing skills crucial for mastering the genre. South Africa and Botswana have a substantial pool of motswako artists, although female representation remains limited.

Sotho language
Sotho (/ˈsuːtuː/), also known as Sesotho (/sɪˈsuːtuː, sə-/), Southern Sotho, or Sesotho sa Borwa, is a Southern Bantu language spoken in Lesotho, as its national language, and South Africa, where it is an official language.

Like all Bantu languages, Sesotho is an agglutinative language, using numerous affixes and derivational and inflexional rules to build complete words.
222 (album)
222 is the third studio album by American rapper Lil Tjay. It was released on July 14, 2023, through Columbia Records. This serves as the follow-up to his 2021 album Destined 2 Win. The production on the album was handled by multiple producers including Ari PenSmith, Jahaan Sweet, OG Parker, P2J, and Smash David among others. The album also features guest appearances from Coco Jones, Fivio Foreign, Jadakiss, the Kid Laroi, Polo G, Summer Walker, and YoungBoy Never Broke Again.

222 was supported by two singles: "June 22nd" and "Project Walls" featuring YoungBoy Never Broke Again.

Jahaan Sweet
Jahaan Akil Sweet (born February 10, 1993) is an American record producer, songwriter, and pianist from Jacksonville, Florida. Sweet was first credited with production work on projects by California-based singer Kehlani, who he met at Juilliard School in 2014. He co-produced her mixtapes Cloud 19 (2014) and You Should Be Here (2015), and has since worked with artists including Drake, Taylor Swift, A Boogie wit da Hoodie, Eminem, the Carters, and Travis Scott. Sweet has been credited on the singles "Lavender Haze" (2023) by Swift, "Lucky You" (2018) by Eminem, and "K-pop" and "Fein" (both 2023) by Travis Scott, all of which have peaked within the top ten of the Billboard Hot 100.

Sweet has won two Grammy Awards from five nominations. The Carters' Everything Is Love and Jon Batiste's We Are—two of his productions—won Best Urban Contemporary Album in 2019, and Album of the Year in 2022, respectively.
Universal Airlines (Guyana)
For the U.S.-based cargo airline which operated from 1966 to 1972, see Universal Airlines (United States).

Universal Airlines was an airline based in Georgetown, Guyana and headquartered in Richmond Hill, New York. The airline operated a scheduled passenger service to the United States and to nearby Trinidad and Tobago until going bankrupt. Operations were suspended in 2005.

Universal Airlines (United States)
Universal Airlines was a United States supplemental air carrier that operated from 1966 to 1972, based initially at Willow Run Airport in Ypsilanti, Michigan and later at Oakland International Airport in California. Universal was a re-naming of Zantop Air Transport. At the time, supplemental air carrier was the Civil Aeronautics Board (CAB) term for charter airline, the CAB being the Federal agency that tightly regulated US carriers in that era. Universal was one of the largest such carriers, but only briefly profitable and did not survive 1972 bankruptcy.

From September 1957 to September 1959, an unrelated supplemental air carrier called S.S.W. operated under the dba of Universal Airlines.

A Houston-based commuter air carrier used the Universal Airways name in the late 1970s.

Another unconnected Universal Airlines based at Detroit City Airport operated air freight during the 1980s and 1990s with DC-6s.
David Coleman (demographer)
David Anwyll Coleman (born 1946) is a demographer and anthropologist who served as the Professor of Demography at the Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford from October 2002 until 2013, and a lecturer since 1980.

Department of Social Policy and Intervention, University of Oxford
The Department of Social Policy and Intervention is an academic department at the Social Sciences Division at the University of Oxford in Oxford, England, United Kingdom.

It focuses on the research and teaching in social policy and the systematic evaluation of social intervention. It dates back to Barnett House, a social reform initiative founded in 1914 by a reform movement clergyman, Samuel Barnett (known as Canon Barnett), becoming a department of Oxford in 1961.

The department hosts two main research units: the Oxford Institute of Social Policy (OISP) and the Centre for Evidence-Based Social Intervention (CEBI).

In 2021 Professor Jane Barlow followed Professor Bernhard Ebbinghaus as head of department.
WebRTC
WebRTC (Web Real-Time Communication) is a free and open-source project providing web browsers and mobile applications with real-time communication (RTC) via application programming interfaces (APIs). It allows audio and video communication and streaming to work inside web pages by allowing direct peer-to-peer communication, eliminating the need to install plugins or download native apps.

Supported by Apple, Google, Microsoft, Mozilla, and Opera, WebRTC specifications have been published by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) and the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF).

ICE, STUN and TURN are the NAT traversal techniques used to connect to remote peers.

NAT traversal
Network address translator traversal is a computer networking technique of establishing and maintaining Internet Protocol connections across gateways that implement network address translation (NAT).

NAT traversal techniques are required for many network applications, such as peer-to-peer file sharing and voice over IP.
Frederic Lindsay
Frederic Lindsay (12 August 1933 – 31 May 2013) was a Scottish crime writer, who was born in Glasgow and lived in Edinburgh. He was a full-time writer from 1979 and previously worked as a lecturer, teacher and library assistant. He was active in a number of literary organisations including the Society of Authors, International PEN (a worldwide writers' association promoting freedom of expression) and the Scottish Arts Council. In addition to novels he also wrote for TV, radio and the theatre. Two of his novels have been made into films.

Scottish Arts Council
The Scottish Arts Council (Scottish Gaelic: Comhairle Ealain na h-Alba), was a Scottish public body responsible for the funding, development and promotion of the arts in Scotland. The Council primarily distributed funding from the Scottish Government as well as National Lottery funds received via the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.

The Scottish Arts Council was formed in 1994 following a restructuring of the Arts Council of Great Britain, but had existed as an autonomous body since a royal charter of 1967. In 2010 it merged with Scottish Screen to form Creative Scotland.
Cent-gardes Squadron
The Cent-gardes Squadron (French: L'Escadron des Cent-gardes), also called Cent Gardes à Cheval (Hundred Guardsmen on Horseback), was an elite cavalry squadron of the Second French Empire primarily responsible for protecting the person of the Emperor Napoleon III, as well as providing security within the Tuileries Palace. It also provided an escort for the emblems of the Imperial Guard and their award ceremony with flag and standard bearers.

The squadron was created by decree on 24 March 1854 by the Emperor. Comparisons were made between the new unit and the British Life Guards.  When on duty the Cent-Gardes had to stand absolutely still and render honours only to the Emperor and members of the Imperial family. Although not formally part of the Imperial Guard, they were under the orders of the Grand Marshal of the Palace.

Squadron (army)
A squadron was historically a cavalry subunit, a company- or battalion-sized military formation. The term is still used to refer to modern cavalry units, and is also used by other arms and services (frequently aviation, also naval). In some countries, including Italy, the name of the battalion-level cavalry unit translates as "Squadron Group".
National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996
The National Securities Markets Improvement Act of 1996 is an amendment to United States federal securities laws in with the aim of promote efficiency and capital formation in the financial markets, and to amend the Investment Company Act of 1940 to promote more efficient management of mutual funds, protect investors, and provide more effective and less burdensome regulation between states and the Federal Government.

Investor
An investor is a person or entity that allocates financial capital with the expectation of a future return (profit) or to gain an advantage (interest). Through this allocated capital the investor usually purchases some species of property. Types of investments include equity, debt, securities, real estate, infrastructure, currency, commodity, token, derivatives such as put and call options, futures, forwards, etc. This definition makes no distinction between the investors in the primary and secondary markets.  That is, someone who provides a business with capital and someone who buys a stock are both investors.  An investor who owns stock is a shareholder.
2000–01 Premiership Rugby
The 2000–01 English Premiership  was the fourteenth season of the top flight of the English domestic rugby union competitions, and first to be sponsored by Zurich Insurance having been sponsored for the last three seasons by Allied Dunbar. It also heralded a restructuring the English league system, with the first tier Premiership 1 being renamed as the Premiership and second tier Premiership 2 becoming National Division 1.

Leicester Tigers finished top of the league for the third year in a row giving them their fifth English champions title.

This season saw the introduction of the bonus points scoring system.

Additionally, an 8 team end of season knock-out competition, the Zurich Championship was introduced, although this was not used to determine the English Champions, that being the preserve of the Zurich Premiership winners. Leicester also won the Zurich Championship in this season.

Rotherham were relegated, to be replaced by Leeds Tykes for the 2001–02 season.

Allied Dunbar
Allied Dunbar was a large British life assurance group. In its early years it was known as Hambro Life Assurance and was listed on the London Stock Exchange and was once a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index. However, it was acquired by BAT Industries, merged with Eagle Star, and sold to Zurich Financial Services in 1998.
Nightlife (Thin Lizzy album)
Nightlife is the fourth studio album by Irish rock band Thin Lizzy, released on 8 November 1974 by Vertigo Records. It was produced by Ron Nevison and bandleader Phil Lynott, and was the first album to feature the band as a quartet with newcomers Scott Gorham and Brian Robertson on guitars.

Some reissue CDs, and occasionally other sources, spell the album title as Night Life, the same as the song title. However the original album title is Nightlife.

The song "Philomena" was written for Lynott's mother.

Vertigo Records
Vertigo Records is a British record company. It was a subsidiary of the Philips/Phonogram record label, launched in 1969 to specialise in progressive rock and other non-mainstream musical styles. Today, it’s operated by Universal Music Germany and the UK catalogue was folded into Mercury Records, which was absorbed in 2013 by Virgin EMI Records, which returned to the EMI Records name in June 2020.
Virginia Slims of Newport
The Virginia Slims of Newport is a defunct WTA Tour affiliated women's tennis tournament played from 1971 to 1990; from 1991-1998 it was the Virginia Slims/Hall of Fame Invitational. It was held at the International Tennis Hall of Fame in Newport, Rhode Island in the United States and played on outdoor grass courts.

International Tennis Hall of Fame
The International Tennis Hall of Fame is located in Newport, Rhode Island, United States. It honors both players and other contributors to the sport of tennis. The complex, the former Newport Casino, includes a museum, 13 grass tennis courts, an indoor tennis facility with three courts, three outdoor hard courts, one green clay court, a court tennis facility, and a theatre. The International Tennis Hall of Fame is a non-profit organization with the goal of preserving, celebrating, and inspiring the sport of tennis around the world.

The location was the original home of the U.S. National Championships (now called the US Open), established in 1881. Since 1976, the complex has hosted the Hall of Fame Open, a combined men's and women's event, each year in July.
Myanmar Badminton Federation
The Myanmar Badminton Federation is the badminton organization of Myanmar. It was founded in the late 1950s and later on it became a member of the Badminton World Federation and the Badminton Asia Confederation. The MBF's main court is located in 320/332, Anawrahta Street West Gymnasium, Lanmadaw Township, Yangon, Myanmar.

Badminton Asia
Badminton Asia is the governing body of badminton in Asia. It is one of the five continental bodies under the flag of the Badminton World Federation. Established in 1959, it was headquartered in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia until it moved to Maldives briefly in 2021. In 2023, it was announced that it would be moved back to Malaysia. It aims to maintain Asia as the benchmark for world badminton in many years to come. It now has 43 member federations. At the Annual General Meeting in July 2006, the name of the confederation was changed from Asian Badminton Confederation to Badminton Asia Confederation.

During Badminton Asia Extraordinary General Meeting on 16 October 2015 in Kuwait, the organization re-branded itself by unveiling the new logo for the confederation renaming the organization as Badminton Asia.
Yangsan Jin clan
Yangsan Jin clan  (Korean: 양산 진씨; Hanja: 梁山 陳氏) is one of the Korean clans, founded around the Yuan dynasty. Their founder was Chen Pucai (陳普才) who was originally from Huangpengshan (黄蓬山), Yusha County, Mianyang Prefecture, present-day Honghu, Hubei.

Chen Han
Chen Han, officially the Great Han, was a short-lived rebel state that existed in China during the Red Turban Rebellion, in the final phase of the Yuan dynasty. It was founded in Jiangxi in 1360 by General Chen Youliang, who had been ruling there since 1357 on behalf of the rebel state of Tianwan, which he overthrew in the same year. The state of Han fell in 1364 when Chen Li, the second and last ruler, surrendered to Zhu Yuanzhang's forces.
William Ward, 3rd Viscount Dudley and Ward
William Ward, 3rd Viscount Dudley and Ward (21 January 1750 – 25 April 1823) was a British peer and politician.

Ward was the son of John Ward, 1st Viscount Dudley and Ward, by his second wife Mary Carver. He was elected to the House of Commons for Worcester in 1780, a seat he held until 1788, when he succeeded his half-brother in the viscountcy and entered the House of Lords. In 1780 he married Julia Bosville, younger daughter of Godfrey Bosville of Gunthwaite, Yorkshire, and sister of the ardent Whig Colonel William Bosville (1745–1813). Ward died in April 1823, aged 73, and was succeeded by his son John, who served as Foreign Secretary and was created Earl of Dudley in 1827.

Foreign Secretary (United Kingdom)
The secretary of state for foreign, commonwealth and development affairs, commonly known as the foreign secretary, is a secretary of state in the Government of the United Kingdom, with responsibility for the Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office. The role is one of the most senior ministers in the UK Government and is a Great Office of State. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom and National Security Council, and reports directly to the prime minister.

The officeholder works alongside the other Foreign Office ministers. The corresponding shadow minister is the shadow foreign secretary. The Foreign Affairs Select Committee also evaluates the secretary of state's performance.

The current foreign secretary is Yvette Cooper. She was appointed by Prime Minister Keir Starmer on 5 September 2025.
Listed buildings in Chatsworth, Derbyshire
Chatsworth is a civil parish in the Derbyshire Dales district of Derbyshire, England.   The parish contains 34 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, seven are listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, three are at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade.  The centrepiece of the parish is Chatsworth House, which is listed, and all the other listed buildings are in the surrounding grounds, gardens, or park.

Derbyshire Dales
Derbyshire Dales (/ˈdɑːrbiʃɪər, -ʃər/ DAR-bee-sheer, -⁠shər) is a local government district in Derbyshire, England. The district was created in 1974 as West Derbyshire; the name was changed to Derbyshire Dales in 1987. The council is based in the town of Matlock, and the district also includes the towns of Ashbourne, Bakewell, Darley Dale and Wirksworth, as well as numerous villages and extensive rural areas. Much of the district is within the Peak District National Park.

The neighbouring districts are High Peak, Sheffield, North East Derbyshire, Amber Valley, South Derbyshire, East Staffordshire and Staffordshire Moorlands.
Ghost World (The Vampire Diaries)
"Ghost World" is the seventh episode of the third season of The CW television series, The Vampire Diaries and the 51st episode of the series overall. It originally aired on October 27, 2011. The episode was written by Rebecca Sonnenshine and directed by David Jackson.

David Jackson (director)
David Jackson is an American television director and television writer.

Since the 1980s, Jackson has amassed many credits in television. Some of his directorial credits include Swamp Thing: The Series, Lois & Clark: The New Adventures of Superman, Nash Bridges, Dark Angel, Smallville, Charmed, The District, One Tree Hill, CSI: NY, The Cape as well as directing and writing episodes for Miami Vice, 21 Jump Street, The Equalizer.

In addition, he has directed and written a number of television films, namely Death Train (1993), Night Watch (1995), The Lake (1998), Atomic Train (1999), the Disney Channel original film Buffalo Dreams, Return to Halloweentown, and among other films.
Church of São Salvador (Trofa)
The Church of São Salvador (Portuguese: Capela e Panteão dos Lemos/Igreja Paroquial de Trofa/Igreja de São Salvador) is a church in the civil parish of Trofa, Segadães e Lamas do Vouga, in the municipality of Águeda, in the Portuguese Centro district of Aveiro.

Aveiro District
Aveiro District (Portuguese: Distrito de Aveiro, pronounced [aˈvɐjɾu] ⓘ) is located in the central coastal region of Portugal. The capital of the district is the city of Aveiro, which also serves as the seat of Aveiro Municipality.

Aveiro District is bordered by the Porto District to the north, the Viseu District to the east, the Coimbra District to the south, and the Atlantic Ocean to the west.

The 19 municipalities of Aveiro District are split between the Norte (Metropolitan Area of Porto) and the Centro (Região de Aveiro) subregions.
Amelin, Łódź Voivodeship
Amelin [aˈmɛlin] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Radomsko, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 5 km (3 mi) east of Radomsko and 81 km (50 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.

Radomsko County
Radomsko County (Polish: powiat radomszczański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Radomsko, which lies 80 kilometres (50 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź. The county also contains the towns of Przedbórz, lying 31 km (19 mi) east of Radomsko, and Kamieńsk, 16 km (10 mi) north of Radomsko.

The county covers an area of 1,442.78 square kilometres (557.1 sq mi). As of 2006, it had a population of 118,856, out of which the population of Radomsko was 49,152, that of Przedbórz was 3,758, that of Kamieńsk was 2,858, and the rural population was 63,088.
Qing reconquest of Xinjiang
The Qing dynasty reconquered Xinjiang after the Dungan Revolt in the late 19th century. After a century of Qing rule, the Uzbek adventurer Yakub Beg conquered almost all of Xinjiang during the revolt, but was eventually defeated by the Qing General Zuo Zongtang (also known as General Tso). Furthermore, the Qing recovered the Gulja region through diplomatic negotiations with the Russian Empire and the Treaty of Saint Petersburg in 1881. Xinjiang was converted into a province in 1884.

Korla
Korla, also known as Kurla or Kuerle, is the second largest city by population in Xinjiang, China. It is a county-level city and the seat of Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture, the largest prefecture of China.

Korla has existed since at least the Han dynasty. Korla is known for its production of fragrant pears and is a production center for the Tarim oil fields.
Marvin W. Bursch
Marvin W. Bursch (April 10, 1913 – May 1, 2000) was an American businessman and politician.

Bursch was born in Wood Lake, Yellow Medicine County, Minnesota and served in the United States Army during World War II. Bursch went to St. Olaf College in Northfield, Minnesota. He lived in Alexandria, Douglas County, Minnesota with his wife and family. Bursch was a travel agent. He served in the Minnesota Senate from 1967 to 1970.

Douglas County, Minnesota
Douglas County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 39,006. Its county seat is Alexandria.

Douglas County comprises the Alexandria, Minnesota, Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Douglas County is the home of Minnesota's only wine-grape appellation, the 10,880 acres (44.0 km2) Alexandria Lakes AVA.
Auburn–Washburn USD 437
Auburn–Washburn USD 437 is a public unified school district headquartered in Topeka, Kansas, United States.  It serves Southern and Southwestern Shawnee County, as well as a small portion of extreme northern Osage County.  It serves Southwestern and Western portions of the city of Topeka, as well as the communities of Pauline, Montara, Auburn, and Wakarusa.

Pauline, Kansas
Pauline is an unincorporated community in Shawnee County, Kansas, United States.  Located south of Topeka, it lies next to Forbes Field on southwest Topeka Boulevard.  It is occasionally seen as part of the South City Industry Park for Topeka with its many large businesses.