hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Prime Minister of the Philippines
The prime minister of the Philippines (Filipino: punong ministro ng Pilipinas) was the official designation of the head of the government (whereas the president of the Philippines was the head of state) of the Philippines from 1978 until the People Power Revolution in 1986. During martial law and the fourth republic, the prime minister served as the head of the Armed Forces of the Philippines. A limited version of this office, officially known as the president of the Council of Government, existed temporarily in 1899 during the First Philippine Republic.

Salvador Laurel concurrently served as the last prime minister and the first post-martial law vice president of the Philippines from February 25 to March 25, 1986, after which he continued to serve solely as vice president until 1992.

Batasang Pambansa Complex
The Batasang Pambansa Complex, or simply the Batasan (lit. 'legislature'), is the seat of the House of Representatives of the Philippines. It is located along the Batasan Road in Batasan Hills, Quezon City.

The complex was initially the home of the Batasang Pambansa, the former legislature of the Philippines which was established as an interim assembly in 1978 and finally as an official body in 1984. Under the 1973 Constitution, it replaced the bicameral Congress of the Philippines established under the 1935 Constitution.

When the bicameral Congress was restored in 1987, the complex was set aside as the home of the House of Representatives. The main building of the complex is still often referred to as the Batasang Pambansa.

The Senate, the upper house of Congress, does not meet in the Batasan, but in the GSIS Building across Metro Manila in Pasay.
Functional generative description
Functional generative description (FGD) is a linguistic framework developed at Charles University in Prague since the 1960s by a team led by Petr Sgall. Based on the dependency grammar formalism, it is a stratificational grammar formalism that treats the sentence as a system of interlinked layers: phonological, morphematical, morphonological, analytical (surface syntax) and tectogrammatical (deep syntax). Continuing the tradition of Prague School, special attention is paid to the phenomenon of topic–focus articulation.

The Prague Dependency Treebank (PDT) is a treebank consisting of a subset of the Czech National Corpus annotated along the lines of FGD.

Phonology
Phonology (formerly also phonemics or phonematics) is the branch of linguistics that studies how languages systematically organize their phonemes or, for sign languages, their constituent parts of signs. The term can also refer specifically to the sound or sign system of a particular language variety. At one time, the study of phonology related only to the study of the systems of phonemes in spoken languages, but now it may relate to any linguistic analysis either:

Sign languages have a phonological system equivalent to the system of sounds in spoken languages. The building blocks of signs are specifications for movement, location, and handshape. At first, a separate terminology was used for the study of sign phonology ("chereme" instead of "phoneme", etc.), but the concepts are now considered to apply universally to all human languages.
Cropsey (film)
Cropsey is a 2009 American documentary film written and directed by Joshua Zeman and Barbara Brancaccio. The film initially begins as an examination of "Cropsey", a boogeyman-like figure from New York City urban legend, before segueing into the story of Andre Rand, a convicted child kidnapper from Staten Island whose known or suspected crimes in the 1970s and 1980s may have inspired or been blamed on Cropsey.

In 2009, Cropsey premiered at the Tribeca Film Festival, and critical reception has been overwhelmingly positive.

Bogeyman
The bogeyman (/ˈboʊɡimæn/; also spelled or known as bogyman, bogy, or bogey, and boogeyman in the United States and Canada) is a mythical creature typically used to frighten children into good behaviour. Bogeymen have no specific appearances, and conceptions vary drastically by household and culture, but they are most commonly depicted as masculine, androgynous or even feminine monsters that punish children for misbehaviour. The bogeyman, and conceptually similar monsters, can be found in many cultures around the world. Bogeymen may target a specific act or general misbehaviour, depending on the purpose of invoking the figure, often on the basis of a warning from an authority figure to a child. The term is sometimes used as a non-specific personification of, or metonym for, terror – and sometimes the Devil.
Thomas Nicholson (educator)
Thomas Nicholson is a health educator and drug policy specialist. He was reportedly included on President Obama's shortlist of candidates for the appointment as the nation's "drug czar" and was endorsed for the position by numerous public health groups. He has coordinated the DRUGNET Study, an on-line survey of adult drug users.

He earned his M.P.H. in at the University of Texas School of Public Health and his Ph.D. in at Southern Illinois University at Carbondale. He also earned an M.A.Ed. in counseling from Western Kentucky University.

Western Kentucky University
Western Kentucky University (WKU) is a public university in Bowling Green, Kentucky, United States. It was founded by the Commonwealth of Kentucky in 1906, though its roots reach back a few decades earlier. It operates regional campuses in Glasgow, Elizabethtown-Fort Knox, and Owensboro. The main campus sits atop a hill overlooking the Barren River valley.
Hordynia
Hordynia (Ukrainian: Гординя; Polish: Hordynia) is a village (selo) in Sambir Raion, Lviv Oblast, in south-west Ukraine. Hordynia belongs to Novyi Kalyniv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

The local Catholic parish was first mentioned in 1400.

Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast (Ukrainian: Львівська область, romanized: Lvivska oblast, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯sʲkɐ ˈɔblɐsʲtʲ]), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (Ukrainian: Львівщина, IPA: [ˈlʲwiu̯ʃtʃɪnɐ]), is an oblast in western Ukraine. The administrative center of the oblast is the city of Lviv. The current population is 2,478,133 (2022 estimate).
Pipofezine
Pipofezine, sold under the brand name Azafen or Azaphen, is a tricyclic antidepressant approved in Russia for the treatment of depression. It was introduced in the late 1960s and is still used today.

Pipofezine has been shown to act as a potent inhibitor of the reuptake of serotonin. In addition to its antidepressant action, pipofezine has sedative effects as well, suggesting antihistamine activity. Other properties such as anticholinergic or antiadrenergic actions are less clear but are likely.

Adrenergic antagonist
An adrenergic antagonist is a drug that inhibits the function of adrenergic receptors. There are five adrenergic receptors, which are divided into two groups. The first group of receptors are the beta (β) adrenergic receptors. There are β1, β2, and β3 receptors. The second group contains the alpha (α) adrenoreceptors. There are only α1 and α2 receptors. Adrenergic receptors are located near the heart, kidneys, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract. There are also α-adreno receptors that are located on vascular smooth muscle.

Antagonists reduce or block the signals of agonists. They can be drugs, which are added to the body for therapeutic reasons, or endogenous ligands. The α-adrenergic antagonists have different effects from the β-adrenergic antagonists.
1999 Saint Francis Cougars football team
The 1999 Saint Francis Cougars football team represented the University of Saint Francis, located in Fort Wayne, Indiana, in the 1999 NAIA football season. They were led by head coach Kevin Donley, who served his 2nd year as the first and only head coach in the history of Saint Francis football.  The Cougars played their home games at Cougar Stadium and were members of the Mid-States Football Association (MSFA) Mideast League (MEL). The Cougars finished in 1st place in the MSFA MEL division, receiving an automatic bid to the 1999 postseason NAIA playoffs.

The Cougars completed the season with an overall record of 8–3, the first winning season in school history.  The three losses were at the hands of a Division-I program and against two NAIA ranked opponents.  With their success in the regular season, the Cougars participated in their first-ever NAIA postseason playoff.  They traveled to then #1-ranked Georgetown, where a 38–0 loss to the Tigers ended the Cougars' playoffs and season.

1999 NAIA football national championship
The 1999 NAIA football championship series concluded on December 18, 1999, with the championship game played at Jim Carroll Stadium in Savannah, Tennessee.  The game was won by the Northwestern Oklahoma State Rangers over the Georgetown Tigers by a score of 34–26.
Chōsen shinbun
Chōsen shinbun (朝鮮新聞; Korean: 조선신문; MR: Chosŏn Sinmun) was a Japanese-language daily newspaper published in Korea from 1908 to 1942. It was merged from the Chōsen shinpō and the Chōsen Times, and later merged into the Keijō nippō by order of the Japanese colonial government.

The newspaper was seen as among the three top Japanese-language newspapers in Korea during the Japanese colonial period, along with Keijō nippō and Fuzan nippō.

Digital copies of most issues are now available across several different services in South Korea and Japan. The Korean Newspaper Archive has copies of the newspaper from January 1924 to February 1942, and the National Institute of Korean History has copies between December 1908 to March 1921. The Japanese National Diet Library also holds copies of the paper.

McCune–Reischauer
McCune–Reischauer (MR; /məˈkjuːn ˈraɪʃaʊ.ər/ mə-KEWN RYSHE-ow-ər) is a romanization system for the Korean language. It was first published in 1939 by George M. McCune and Edwin O. Reischauer. Significant work on the system was done by Korean linguists Choe Hyeon-bae, Jeong In-seop, and Kim Seon-gi.

According to Reischauer, McCune "persuaded the American Army Map Service to adopt [the McCune–Reischauer system], and through the Korean War it became the foundation for most current Romanizations of Korean place names."

A variant of McCune–Reischauer is currently used as the official system in North Korea. Another variant is currently used for standard romanization library catalogs in North America. On the other hand, South Korea formerly used yet another variant as its official system from 1984 to 2000, but replaced it with the Revised Romanization of Korean in 2000.
Menard County Courthouse (Illinois)
The Menard County Courthouse, located at 102 South 7th Street in Petersburg, Illinois, is the county courthouse serving Menard County, Illinois. Built in 1896-1897, it is a building of Beaux Arts architecture. The cost of construction was $44,000.

Petersburg, Illinois
Petersburg is a city in and the county seat of Menard County, Illinois, United States, on the bluffs and part of the floodplain overlooking the Sangamon River. It is part of the Springfield, Illinois metropolitan area. The population was 2,258 at the 2020 census, nearly unchanged from 2010. Petersburg is located approximately 2 miles (3 km) north of New Salem, the original location where Abraham Lincoln first settled, as he started his career.
1986 British Open
The 1986 British Open (officially the 1986 Dulux British Open) was a professional ranking snooker tournament, that was held from 16 February to 2 March 1986 with television coverage beginning on 21 February at the Assembly Rooms in Derby, England.

Derby Assembly Rooms
The Derby Assembly Rooms was an events venue in the English city of Derby. There have been three iterations of the Derby Assembly Rooms, with the last two on the same site. The first was opened in 1714 in Full Street, but soon proved inadequate. The second was built in 1763 on Market Place and was used until it was damaged by a fire in 1963. The third was built in 1977 and used until it too was damaged in a fire in 2014.

Both of the last two buildings still exist, at least in part. The façade of the 1763 building was dismantled and rebuilt as part of the vintage street scene at the National Tramway Museum in Crich, Derbyshire.

The 1977 building still stands, albeit unused since 2014, but has an uncertain future. As of March 2025, there were no firm plans and the adjacent car park was closed since 2024 in anticipation of demolition, but the council hope to have a better overview by the summer.
Provazník
Provazník is a very common Czech surname. The feminine form is Provazníková. Literally, it means "rope-maker".

It may mean:

Alois Provazník (1856–1938), composer

Anatol Provazník (1887–1950), composer, son of Alois

František Provazník (born 1948), rower

Alois Provazník
Alois Provazník (January 9, 1856 in Prague – January 31, 1938 in Rychnov nad Kněžnou) was a Czech composer and musical pedagogue.

During 1867–1870 Provazník was a singer at the Church of St. Margaret in the Břevnov Monastery, obtaining a basic musical and literary education there (his teacher was a well-known composer Bolard) Later, Provazník studied organ music at a music school in Prague. From 1882 he served as the director of organ choir in Blatná, and from 1886 at the same position in Rychnov nad Kněžnou. For twenty years he taught singing at the gymnasium in Rychnov nad Kněžnou and until 1926 he led the local singing club "Dalibor". His son, Anatol Provazník, was an organist and a composer.
Joseph Vaz
Joseph Vaz CO (21 April 1651 – 16 January 1711) was a Oratorian priest and missionary in Dutch Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). Originally from Sancoale in Goa, Portuguese India Vaz arrived in Ceylon during the Dutch occupation, a time when the Dutch had banned Catholicism in Ceylon and imposed Calvinism as the official religion after taking control from the Portuguese Empire.

He travelled throughout the island bringing the Eucharist and the Sacraments to clandestine groups of crypto-Catholics. Later in his mission, he found shelter in the Kingdom of Kandy where he was able to work freely. By the time of his death, Vaz had managed to rebuild the Catholic Church on the island.

As a result of his labors, Vaz is known as the Apostle of Ceylon. On 21 January 1995, he was beatified by Pope John Paul II in Colombo. He was canonized on 14 January 2015 by Pope Francis in an open-air Mass ceremony at the Galle Face Green in Colombo.

Kanara
Kanara, also known as Canara and Karāvali, is the historically significant stretch of land situated by the southwestern coast of India, alongside the Arabian Sea in the present-day Indian state of Karnataka. The subregion comprises three civil districts, namely: Uttara Kannada, Udupi, and Dakshina Kannada. Kasaragod was included prior to the States Reorganisation Act.
Bastiaan Ort
Bastiaan Ort (born 6 January 1854 in Gorinchem – died 4 November 1927 in The Hague) was a Dutch lawyer, judge and politician. As an independent liberal he was Minister of Justice in the Cort van der Linden cabinet from 1913 to 1918.

Gorinchem
Gorinchem (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɣɔrkʏm] ⓘ or [ˈɣɔrkəm]), also spelled Gorkum, is a city and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality covers an area of 21.93 km2 (8.47 sq mi) of which 3.10 km2 (1.20 sq mi) is water. It had a population of 37,410 in 2021.

The municipality of Gorinchem also includes the population centre of Dalem.
Isaac Jomo Osman
Isaac Jomo Osman is a Malawian politician and local government leader currently serving as the Mayor of Blantyre in Malawi. He is a councillor representing the Bangwe–Ntopwa Ward on the Democratic Progressive Party ticket. Osman rose through local politics to become deputy mayor before his election as mayor in 2025.

Democratic Progressive Party (Malawi)
The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) is a political party in Malawi. It was formed in February 2005 by then-President of Malawi Bingu wa Mutharika after a dispute with his party, the United Democratic Front (UDF), which was led by him in the 2004 general election and chaired by his predecessor, Bakili Muluzi.
Gage Montgomery
Gage Workman Montgomery (2 May 1898 – 5 June 1963) was a Canadian politician and lawyer. Montgomery served as a Progressive Conservative party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Bedell Settlement, New Brunswick and became a barrister and lawyer by career.

He was first elected at the Victoria—Carleton riding in a 26 May 1952 by-election then re-elected there in the 1953, 1957 and 1958 federal elections. Montgomery left the House of Commons after completing his term in the 24th Parliament and did not seek another term in office in the 1962 election.

1958 Canadian federal election
The 1958 Canadian federal election was held to elect members  of the House of Commons of Canada of the 24th Parliament of Canada on March 31, 1958, just nine months after the 23rd election. It transformed Prime Minister John Diefenbaker's minority into the largest majority government in Canadian history and the second-largest percentage of the popular vote; only Unionist Prime Minister Robert Borden’s triumph in the 1917 federal election, at 56.93 percent, was higher. Although the Tories would surpass their 1958-seat total in the 1984 election, the 1958 result (achieved in a smaller House) remains unmatched both in terms of percentage of seats (78.5%) and the size of the government majority over all opposition parties (a 151-seat majority). Voter turnout was 79.4%, the highest percentage of eligible electors to cast a ballot in Canadian federal election history.
Autopolis
Autopolis (オートポリス, Ōtoporisu) is a 4.673 km (2.904 mi) international racing circuit located near Kamitsue village in Ōita Prefecture, Japan on the 30 km (19 mi) northeast of Kumamoto. Opened in 1990, it hosts a range of domestic and international motorsport events throughout the year. The track is noted to have a high standard of facilities and infrastructure. Due to the circuit ending up in financial difficulties, it has changed hands several times but still operates to this day.

Kumamoto
Kumamoto (熊本市, Kumamoto-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [kɯ.ma.mo.to, -toꜜ.ɕi]) is the capital city of Kumamoto Prefecture on the island of Kyushu, Japan. As of June 1, 2019, the city has an estimated population of 738,907 and a population density of 1,893 people per km2. The total area is 390.32 km2.

Greater Kumamoto (熊本都市圏) had a population of 1,461,000, as of the 2000 census. As of 2010, Kumamoto Metropolitan Employment Area has a GDP of US$39.8 billion. It is not considered part of the Fukuoka–Kitakyushu metropolitan area, despite their shared border. The city was designated on April 1, 2012, by government ordinance.
USS Nitro (AE-23)
USS Nitro (AE–23), an ammunition ship in the U.S. Navy, was laid down by Bethlehem Steel Corporation's Sparrows Point Shipyard at Baltimore, Maryland, on 20 May 1957 and launched on 25 June 1958. It was sponsored by Mrs. Mary Elizabeth Bunting Pate, the wife of General Randolph M. Pate, and commissioned on 1 May 1959.

Ammunition ship
An ammunition ship is an auxiliary ship specially configured to carry ammunition, usually for naval ships and aircraft. An ammunition ship's cargo handling systems, designed with extreme safety in mind, include ammunition hoists with airlocks between decks, and mechanisms for flooding entire compartments with sea water in case of emergencies. Ammunition ships most often deliver their cargo to other ships using underway replenishment, using both connected replenishment and vertical replenishment. To a lesser extent, they transport ammunition from one shore-based weapons station to another.
Garbarino
Garbarino is a surname of Italian origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrew Garbarino (born 1984), American attorney and politician

Francesco Garbarino (1607–1672), Doge of Genoa and king of Corsica

Henri Garbarino, Canadian football player

James Garbarino, American psychologist

Steve Garbarino, American journalist

James Garbarino
James Garbarino is an author and professor at Loyola University Chicago. He has specialized in studying what causes violence in children, how they cope with it and how to rehabilitate them. Garbarino has served as consultant or adviser to a wide range of organizations, including the National Committee to Prevent Child Abuse, the National Institute for Mental Health, the American Medical Association, the National Black Child Development Institute, the National Science Foundation, the U.S. Advisory Board on Child Abuse and Neglect, and the FBI. In addition, Garbarino's work is associated with the School of Human Ecology at Cornell University under the leadership of Urie Bronfenbrenner who began Head Start programs in the US.
Bob Lockhart
Arthur Robert "Bob" William Lockhart (1931 – June 18, 2023) was a Canadian municipal politician who served as mayor of Saint John, New Brunswick from 1971 to 1974 and again from 1980 to 1983.

Lockhart was born in 1931, in Pictou, Nova Scotia. Prior to his election to the mayoralty, Lockhart worked in media as a reporter, manager, and proprietor of radio stations in the Saint John area, including CFBC and CFBC-FM.  He also served as a director of Broadcast News, and as a regional director of the Canadian Association of Broadcasters.

Lockhart received the Lions Club International Medal of Merit in 1969, as well as the Canadian Peacekeeping Service Medal for serving in Cyprus. In 2007, Lockhart was inducted into the Canadian Broadcast Hall of Fame.

Lockhart died on June 18, 2023 in Fredericton.

The Canadian Press
The Canadian Press (CP; French: La Presse canadienne, PC) is a Canadian national news agency headquartered in Toronto, Ontario. Established in 1917 as a vehicle for Canadian newspapers to exchange news and information, The Canadian Press has been a private, not-for-profit cooperative owned and operated by its member newspapers for most of its history. In mid-2010, however, it announced plans to become a for-profit business owned by three media companies once certain conditions were met.

Over the years, The Canadian Press and its affiliates have adapted to reflect changes in the media industry, including technological changes and the growing demand for rapid news updates. It currently offers a wide variety of text, audio, photographic, video, and graphic content to websites, radio, television, and commercial clients in addition to newspapers and its longstanding ally, the Associated Press (AP), a global news service based in the United States.
Traci Loader
Traci Loader (born March 2, 1970, in Newmarket, Ontario) is a Canadian make-up artist, who won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Makeup at the 10th Canadian Screen Awards in 2022 for her work on the film Night Raiders.

She was previously nominated in the same category alongside François Dagenais at the 2nd Canadian Screen Awards in 2014 for Cottage Country, and alongside Dan Martin and Dorota Mitoraj at the 9th Canadian Screen Awards in 2021 for Possessor. Alongside Mitoraj, she was also nominated in the television makeup category at the 8th Canadian Screen Awards in 2020 for the television series Coroner.

At the 97th Academy Awards, she was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Makeup and Hairstyling for the film Nosferatu. Her nomination was shared with David White and Suzanne Stokes-Munton.

Night Raiders (2021 film)
Night Raiders is a 2021 Canadian-New Zealand science fiction dystopian film written and directed by Danis Goulet. Set in a dystopian version of North America in the year 2044, the film centres on Niska (Elle-Máijá Tailfeathers), a Cree woman who joins a resistance movement against the oppressive military government in order to save her daughter. The film stars Elle-Máijá Tailfeathers, Brooklyn Letexier-Hart, Alex Tarrant, Amanda Plummer and Violet Nelson. Taika Waititi serves as an executive producer.

The film had its worldwide premiere at the 71st Berlin International Film Festival in March 2021.