hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pantropical
A pantropical ("all tropics") distribution is one which covers tropical regions of both the Eastern and Western Hemispheres. Examples include caecilians, modern sirenians and the plant genera Acacia and Bacopa.

Neotropical is a zoogeographic term that covers a large part of the Americas, roughly from Mexico and the Caribbean southwards (including cold regions in southernmost South America).

Palaeotropical refers to geographical occurrence. For a distribution to be palaeotropical a taxon must occur in tropical regions in the Old World.

According to Takhtajan (1978), the following families have a pantropical distribution: Annonaceae, Hernandiaceae, Lauraceae, Piperaceae, Urticaceae, Dilleniaceae, Tetrameristaceae, Passifloraceae, Bombacaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rhizophoraceae, Myrtaceae, Anacardiaceae, Sapindaceae, Malpighiaceae, Proteaceae, Bignoniaceae, Orchidaceae, and Arecaceae.

Bombacaceae
Bombacaceae were long recognised as a family of flowering plants or Angiospermae. The family name was based on the type genus Bombax. As is true for many botanical names, circumscription and status of the taxon has varied with taxonomic point of view, and currently the preference is to transfer most of the erstwhile family Bombacaceae to the subfamily Bombacoideae within the family Malvaceae in the order Malvales. The rest of the family were transferred to other taxa, notably the new family Durionaceae. Irrespective of current taxonomic status, many of the species originally included in the Bombacaceae are of considerable ecological, historical, horticultural, and economic importance, such as balsa, kapok, baobab and durian.
Farooq Qaiser
Farooq Qaiser (Punjabi, Urdu: فاروق قیصر;  31 October 1945 – 14 May 2021) was a Pakistani artist, newspaper columnist, TV show director, puppeteer, script writer, and voice actor.

He was known as the creator of the puppet characters Uncle Sargam and Masi Museebtay, introduced in 1976 in children's television show Kaliyan. Farooq was also a cartoonist, newspaper columnist and wrote for the newspaper Daily Nai Baat in Lahore and under the pen name "Meethay Karelay" (English: "Sweet bitter gourd").

Puppeteer
A puppeteer is a person who manipulates an inanimate object called a puppet to create the illusion that the puppet is alive. The puppet is often shaped like a human, animal, or legendary creature. The puppeteer may be visible to or hidden from the audience.
David S. Shellabarger
David Sterritt Shellabarger Jr. (July 11, 1837- January 2, 1913), known also as D.S. Shellabarger, was an American capitalist, banker, and Republican politician from Illinois.

He was known for owning early banking, coal, streetcar, elevator and milling enterprises in the 19th century. The Shellabarger family was one of the oldest milling families in the history of the United States, beginning their enterprise in 1776.: 132  In 1900, his business Shellabarger Milling Co. became the largest corn mill in the world and among the largest wheat flour mills in the United States.

Illinois Terminal Railroad
The Illinois Terminal Railroad Company (reporting mark ITC), known as the Illinois Traction System until 1937, was a heavy duty interurban electric railroad with extensive passenger and freight business in central and southern Illinois from 1896 to 1956. When Depression era Illinois Traction was in financial distress and had to reorganize, the Illinois Terminal name was adopted to reflect the line's primary money making role as a freight interchange link to major steam railroads at its terminal ends, Peoria, Danville, and St. Louis. Interurban passenger service slowly was reduced, ending in 1956. Freight operation continued but was hobbled by tight street running in some towns requiring very sharp radius turns. In 1956, ITC was absorbed by a consortium of connecting railroads.
Tom March
Tom March is a British music industry executive.  The CEO and chairman of Capitol Music Group, he oversees Capitol Records, Blue Note Records, Motown, Astralwerks, Harvest Records, and Capitol Christian Music Group.

March was previously the president of Geffen Records; the co-president of Polydor Records; the general manager of Virgin EMI UK; and the head of marketing at Island UK.  He has worked with artists including Lana Del Rey, Doechii, Billie Eilish, Florence and the Machine, Lorde,  Olivia Rodrigo, The Rolling Stones, Royel Otis, Leon Thomas, Queen, and Yungblud.

Geffen Records
Geffen Records (formerly The David Geffen Company from 1980 to 1992 and Geffen Records Inc. from 1993 to 2004) is an American record label owned by Interscope Geffen A&M (IGA), a division of the Interscope Capitol Labels Group, which is owned by Universal Music Group. It was founded in 1980 by David Geffen, as a music subsidiary of his then film company Geffen Pictures, with financial and distribution support from Warner Bros. Records.

In 1990, the label was sold to MCA Music Entertainment, which later became part of Universal Music Group (UMG) through acquisitions by Panasonic and Seagram. Since its merger into the Interscope Geffen A&M group in 1999, Geffen has served as a syndicate label within Interscope Records, expanding its catalog through the absorption of other imprints. It has operated as a key platform for new releases, especially following its 2003 expansion and 2017 relaunch. As of 2024, Geffen is part of Universal Music Group's Interscope Capitol Labels Group.
Rita Bellens
Rita Bellens (born 29 September 1962, in Antwerp) is a Belgian politician and member of the New Flemish Alliance. She was a member of the Chamber of Representatives for Antwerp from 2014 to 2019, alderman of Duffel from 2015 to 2019, and has been chairman of the city council since January 2019.

2019 Belgian federal election
Federal elections were held in Belgium on 26 May 2019, alongside the country's European and regional elections. All 150 members of the Chamber of Representatives were elected from eleven multi-member constituencies.

The far right-wing Vlaams Belang (VB) saw a resurgence in Flanders, and with the New Flemish Alliance (NVA), parties subscribing to Flemish separatism and nationalism obtained nearly 50% of the vote in Flanders. The Belgian coalition of N-VA, CD&V, MR and Open VLD lost more than a quarter of its seats, the worst government punishment in 20 years.

In addition, gains for the far-left Workers' Party of Belgium (PVDA-PTB), and the green Ecolo party in Wallonia occurred. Overall, traditional parties suffered losses in both regions.
Art and culture law
Art and culture law (or Art Law) covers legal aspects of the visual arts, antiquities, cultural heritage, and the art market. This law includes the safeguarding, regulation, and facilitation of three artistic activities—creation, utilization, and promotion. To protect their clients' interests, practitioners of art law navigate various legal areas: intellectual property, contract, constitutional, tort, tax, commercial, immigration, estates and wills, cultural property, international, and others.

Art law primarily focuses on fine and visual arts, even though the term art encompasses a broad range of creative forms. This law safeguards the rights of parties who are involved with art, including artists, collectors, galleries, and museums; it also fosters activities that are associated with art, including creation, preservation, and distribution. Beyond protecting individuals, art law plays a central role in supporting the broader artistic and cultural landscape.

Egon Schiele
Egon Leo Adolf Ludwig Schiele (German: [ˈeːɡɔn ˈʃiːlə] ⓘ; 12 June 1890 – 31 October 1918) was an Austrian Expressionist painter. His work is noted for its intensity and its raw sexuality, and for the many self-portraits the artist produced, including nude self-portraits. The twisted body shapes and the expressive line that characterise Schiele's paintings and drawings mark the artist as an early exponent of Expressionism. Gustav Klimt, a figurative painter of the early 20th century, was a mentor to Schiele.
Theophilus F. Metcalf
Theophilus Frank Metcalf (May 10, 1816 – February 13, 1891) was an American farmer and politician.

Metcalf was born in Wicklow, Ireland and then emigrated to the United States. He settled in Winnebago County, Wisconsin in 1849 and then moved to the town of Marion in Waushara County, Wisconsin where he was a farmer. Metcalf served as chairman of the Marion Town Board. In 1870, Metcalf served in the Wisconsin Assembly and was elected as an Independent against Charles H. Stowers, the Republican nominee. Metcalf would sit in the Wisconsin Assembly as a Republican. Metcalf died suddenly in Berlin, Wisconsin.

Winnebago County, Wisconsin
Winnebago County is a county in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 171,730. Its county seat is Oshkosh. It was named for the historic Winnebago people, a federally recognized Native American tribe now known as the Ho-Chunk Nation. Chief Oshkosh was a Menominee leader in the area. Winnebago County comprises the Oshkosh-Neenah, WI Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI Combined Statistical Area.
Declan O'Loan
Declan O'Loan (born 5 August 1951) is a former Irish Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP) politician who served as a Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly (MLA) for North Antrim from 2007 to 2011. O’Loan was also a Member of Ballymena Borough Council from 1993 to 2014. Following comments about merging with Sinn Féin, he had the SDLP whip suspended, sitting as an Independent in 2010.
He would later serve as a Mid and East Antrim Councillor for the Ballymena DEA from 2014 to 2019

Ballymena (District Electoral Area)
Ballymena is one of the seven district electoral areas (DEA) in Mid and East Antrim, Northern Ireland. The district elects seven members to Mid and East Antrim District Council and contains the wards of Academy, Ardeevin, Ballykeel, Braidwater, Castle Demesne, Fair Green and Park. Ballymena forms part of the North Antrim constituencies for the Northern Ireland Assembly and UK Parliament.

It was created 2014 local elections, replacing the Ballymena North DEA and Ballymena South DEA which had existed since 1993.
2013 Croatian Football Super Cup
The 2013 Croatian Football Super Cup was the tenth edition of the Croatian Football Super Cup, a football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Croatian First League and Croatian Football Cup competitions. The match was played on 6 July 2013 at Stadion Maksimir between 2012–13 Croatian First League winners Dinamo Zagreb and 2012–13 Croatian Football Cup winners Hajduk Split.

Croatian Football League
The Hrvatska nogometna liga (pronounced [xř̩ʋaːtskaː nôɡomeːtnaː lǐːɡa]; lit. 'Croatian Football League'), abbreviated as HNL and also known for sponsorship reasons as the SuperSport HNL, is a professional association football league in Croatia and the highest level of the Croatian football league system. Established in 1992, it was previously called Prva Hrvatska nogometna liga (1. HNL; lit. 'First Croatian Football League'), but a league structure reorganization from 2022–23 led to name changes for the three top league levels.
Culver Brook
Culver Brook (also known as Culver Creek) is the West Branch of the Paulins Kill and flows through Frankford Township and Branchville Borough in Sussex County in northwestern New Jersey.  Its headwaters are fed by Bear Swamp, Lake Owassa, and Culver's Lake and merges with the Dry Brook before joining the Paulins Kill's east branch near the unincorporated hamlet of Augusta in Frankford Township.

Augusta, New Jersey
Augusta is an unincorporated community located within Frankford Township, in Sussex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States census, the population for the ZIP Code Tabulation Area 07822 was 887.

Augusta is the home of the New Jersey State Fair and the Sussex County Farm and Horse Show.

Skylands Park, a 5,500-seat ballpark, was home to the New Jersey Cardinals of the New York–Penn League from 1993 to 2005, and the Sussex Skyhawks of the Can-Am League from 2006 to 2010. The stadium is the home of the Sussex County Miners of the Frontier League, which debuted in the Can-Am League for the 2015 season.
Moldova (river)
The Moldova (Romanian: Moldova, pronounced [molˈdova] ⓘ) is a river in Romania, in the historical region of Moldavia. It is a right tributary of the river Siret. The river rises from the Obcina Feredeu Mountains of Bukovina in Suceava County and joins the Siret in Cotu Vameș, east of the city of Roman in Neamț County. The total length of the Moldova from its source to its confluence with the Siret is 213 km (132 mi). Its basin area is 4,299 km2 (1,660 sq mi).

The river gave its name to the Principality of Moldavia, whose first capital, Târgul Moldovei (now Baia), is on the Moldova River. The etymology of the name is disputed.

Horia, Neamț
Horia is a commune in Neamț County, Western Moldavia, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Cotu Vameș and Horia.

The commune is located in the eastern part of the county, about 2.5 km (1.6 mi) south-southwest of the center of Roman.
Melcher Media
Melcher Media is a book packager and publisher in New York City, New York, founded in 1993 by Charles Melcher. The company’s focuses include theater-, movie-, and TV-related books; environmental titles; pop-up books; and DuraBooks.

The company has put more than 15 million copies into print, including 30 New York Times best sellers, such as An Inconvenient Truth by Al Gore (Rodale), The Wisdom of Sundays by Oprah Winfrey (Flatiron), The Mamba Mentality by Kobe Bryant (MCD/FSG), and Martha Stewart's Organizing (Houghton Mifflin),  as well as the official companions to Hamilton (Grand Central), Stranger Things (Del Rey), and Wicked (Hachette).

Melcher Media is known for highly visual, innovative, and physically distinctive books, such as a pink faux-alligator binding of Sex and the City: Kiss and Tell, a gold-embossed double-gatefold cover for Tutankhamun: Treasures of the Golden Pharaoh, and J.J. Abrams's S., which contained more than 22 inserted artifacts.

An Inconvenient Truth (book)
An Inconvenient Truth: The Planetary Emergency of Global Warming and What We Can Do About It is a 2006 book by Al Gore released in conjunction with the film An Inconvenient Truth. It is published by Rodale Press in Emmaus, Pennsylvania, in the United States.

The sequel is Our Choice: A Plan to Solve the Climate Crisis (2009).
Rayman Raving Rabbids (handheld game)
Rayman Raving Rabbids (French: Rayman contre les Lapins Crétins) is a 2006 platform game developed and published by Ubisoft for the Game Boy Advance and Nintendo DS. It was the handheld version of the party video game Rayman Raving Rabbids.

Party video game
A party video game is a genre of video game that stems from in-person party games, involving player-to-player interaction as the central gameplay element. These games are often defined by simple controls which can be easily picked up and understood by players of any skill level.

Party video games generally consist of short-term experiences which may be played in succession, and are sometimes characterized in the form of minigames. These experiences may be played singularly or in a group, and usually feature several players competing simultaneously.
Liber colorum secundum magistrum Bernardum
The Liber colorum secundum magistrum Bernardum ('Book of Colours according to master Bernard') is a medieval treatise on miniature painting and book illumination. Written in a Medieval Latin interspersed with several expressions in the Italian Lombard dialect it stems from 13th century Northern Italy. The eponymous magister Bernardus (or 'master Bernard') was most likely a cleric working in a scriptorium to whom later collections also attribute further artisanal instructions not related to book painting. It is contained within four manuscripts:

Biblioteca Ambrosiana (Milan, Italy), ms. D 437 inf. (16th century)

Bodleian Library (Oxford, England), ms. Canonici Misc. 128 (16th century)

Biblioteca Estense (Modena, Italy), ms. T.7.3 (15th/16th century)

Beinecke Rare Book & Manuscript Library (New Haven, United States), MS 986 Insegnamento per pictori ed doratori: artist's manual (ca. 1440)

Biblioteca Estense
The Biblioteca Estense (English: Estense Library), was the family library of the marquises and dukes of the House of Este. The exact date of the library's birth is still under speculation, however it is known for certain that the library was in use during the fourteenth century. Whilst it was greatly enriched during the Renaissance years in Ferrara, the library was concretely established in Modena in the beginning of the seventeenth century. It is known as one of the most important libraries in Italy. The library is located, along with the Galleria Estense directly below its collection of artworks, in the Palazzo dei Musei (Piazza Sant'Agostino 337) in Modena.
La Fontenelle, Ille-et-Vilaine
La Fontenelle (French pronunciation: [la fɔ̃tnɛl]; Breton: Ar Fantanig; Gallo: La Fontenèll) is a former commune in the Ille-et-Vilaine department of Brittany in north-western France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune Val-Couesnon.

Ille-et-Vilaine
Ille-et-Vilaine (French: [il e vilɛn] ⓘ; Gallo: Ill-e-Vilaenn; Breton: Il-ha-Gwilen) is a department of France, located in the region of Brittany in the northwest of the country. It is named after its two main rivers, the Ille and the Vilaine. It had a population of 1,079,498 in 2019.
Porteous Riots
The Porteous Riots surrounded the activities of John Porteous, Captain of the City Guard of Edinburgh, Scotland, who was lynched by a mob for his part in the killing of innocent civilians while ordering the men under his command to quell a disturbance during a public hanging in the Grassmarket, Edinburgh in April 1736. Although the rioters were generally supportive of the convicted smugglers, Porteous seems to have been a somewhat overbearing official, despised by the mob and the underclasses of Edinburgh society.

Underclass
The underclass is the segment of the population that occupies the lowest possible position in a class hierarchy, below the core body of the working class. This group is usually considered cut off from the rest of the society.

The general idea that a class system includes a population under the working class has a long tradition in the social sciences (for example, lumpenproletariat). However, the specific term, underclass, was popularized during the last half of the 20th century, first by social scientists of American poverty, and then by American journalists.

The underclass concept has been a point of controversy among social scientists. Definitions and explanations of the underclass, as well as proposed solutions for managing or fixing the underclass problem have been highly debated.
Eduardo Ramírez Villamizar
Eduardo Ramírez Villamizar (27 August 1922 – 24 August 2004) was a Colombian painter and sculptor. He is considered a pioneer of abstract, minimalist, and Constructivist art in Colombia, and in Latin America more broadly.

Constructivism (art)
Constructivism is an early twentieth-century art movement founded in 1915 by Vladimir Tatlin and Alexander Rodchenko. Abstract and austere, constructivist art aimed to reflect modern industrial society and urban space. The movement rejected decorative stylization in favour of the industrial assemblage of materials. Constructivists were in favour of art for propaganda and social purposes, and were associated with Soviet socialism, the Bolsheviks, and the Russian avant-garde.

Constructivist architecture and art had a great effect on modern art movements of the 20th century, influencing major trends such as the Bauhaus and De Stijl movements. Its influence was widespread, with major effects upon architecture, sculpture, graphic design, industrial design, theatre, film, dance, fashion and, to some extent, music.
John Callis (pirate)
John Callis (or Calles) (died 1576) was a 16th-century Welsh pirate. He was active in South Wales from Cardiff to Haverfordwest, often selling his prizes and cargo in the villages of Laugharne and Carew in Milford Haven, only a few miles south of Little Newcastle, Wales. His piratical career lasted for decades before pressure from neighbouring countries forced the government of England to take action and managed to capture him in 1576.

The elderly pirate attempted to assist authorities in tracking down other pirates in exchange for his release, however the authorities refused his offer and he was hanged in Newport later that year. Following his execution, a commission was appointed to investigate merchants and others in the counties of Cardigan, Pembroke, Carmarthen, Monmouth and Glamorgan associated with locally based pirates. A list of those illegally dealing with pirates was compiled by the commission and the offenders fined.

Carew, Pembrokeshire
Carew (Welsh: Caeriw) is a village, parish and community on an inlet of Milford Haven in the former Hundred of Narberth, Pembrokeshire, West Wales, 4 miles (6.4 km) east of Pembroke.  The eastern part of the parish is in the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park.
Tetramolopium remyi
Tetramolopium remyi is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common names Awalua Ridge tetramolopium and Remy's tetramolopium. It is endemic to Hawaii, where today it is known only from the island of Lanai. It is believed to be extirpated on the island of Maui, having not been observed there since 1944. It is threatened by habitat degradation caused by deer, Mouflon, and introduced species of plants. It is a federally listed endangered species of the United States.

This plant is an erect or reclining shrub growing up to about 40 centimeters in maximum height. The leaves, measuring up to 3.5 centimeters in length, are narrow and stiff and have rolled edges. The inflorescence contains a single flower head. At up to 1.5 centimeters wide, the heads of this species are the largest of any in genus Tetramolopium. They contain many white ray florets and yellow disc florets.

Local extinction
Local extinction, also extirpation, is the termination of a species (or other taxon) in a chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere. Local extinctions are contrasted with global extinctions.

Local extinctions mark a change in the ecology of an area. It has sometimes been followed by a replacement of the species taken from other locations, such as with wolf reintroduction.
Luboszyce, Lubusz Voivodeship
Luboszyce [lubɔˈʂɨt͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gubin, within Krosno Odrzańskie County, Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland, close to the German border.

In the village there is a neo-gothic castle from 1846–1850 with an interesting landscape park, while in adjacency – an important archaeological site of Liebesitz culture from 2nd-4th centuries (remains of a village and a cemetery).

Krosno County, Lubusz Voivodeship
Krosno County (Polish: powiat krośnieński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lubusz Voivodeship, western Poland, on the German border. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the town of Krosno Odrzańskie, which lies 30 km (19 mi) west of Zielona Góra and 79 km (49 mi) south of Gorzów Wielkopolski. The only other town is Gubin which is the biggest town in the county. It is situated on the German border 28 km (17 mi) west of Krosno Odrzańskie.

The county covers an area of 1,390 square kilometres (536.7 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 55,018, out of which the population of Gubin is 16,619, that of Krosno Odrzańskie is 11,319, and the rural population is 27,080.