hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carroll Freeman
Carroll Freeman is an American operatic tenor, opera director, and music educator. He began his career as a prominent boy soprano in the 1960s. From the late 1970s through the mid 1990s he performed widely as a tenor with opera companies and orchestras in the United States. After that he worked as a director of opera productions with opera companies throughout North America. He is the former director of the opera program at the University of Tennessee and currently directs the opera program at Georgia State University. He is also the former Artistic Director of Mississippi Opera, Opera in the Ozarks at Inspiration Point, and opera studios at Knoxville Opera and Des Moines Metro Opera.

Des Moines Metro Opera
Des Moines Metro Opera is an American opera company based in Indianola, Iowa, which lies some 19 km (12 mi) south of Des Moines, Iowa. It was founded by Robert L. Larsen and Douglas Duncan in 1973. The director is Michael Egel.

During its annual summer festival, the company typically performs three mainstage operas in rolling repertory during June and July.
Lactate racemase
The lactate racemase enzyme (Lar) (EC 5.1.2.1) interconverts the D- and L-enantiomers of lactic acid.  It is classified under the isomerase, racemase, epimerase, and enzyme acting on hydroxyl acids and derivatives classes of enzymes.  It is found in certain halophilic archaea, such as Haloarcula marismortui, and in a few species of bacteria, such as several Lactobacillus species (which produce D- and L-lactate) including Lactobacillus sakei, Lactobacillus curvatus, and Lactobacillus plantarum, as well as in non-lactic acid bacteria such as Clostridium beijerinckii.
 The gene encoding lactate racemase in L. plantarum was identified as larA and shown to be associated with a widespread maturation system involving larB, larC1, larC2, and larE.  The optimal pH for its activity is 5.8-6.2 in L. sakei.

Isomerase
In biochemistry, isomerases are a general class of enzymes that convert a molecule from one isomer to another. Isomerases facilitate intramolecular rearrangements in which bonds are broken and formed. The general form of such a reaction is as follows:

There is only one substrate yielding one product. This product has the same molecular formula as the substrate but differs in bond connectivity or spatial arrangement. Isomerases catalyze reactions across many biological processes, such as in glycolysis and carbohydrate metabolism.
Raja Ko Rani Se Pyar Ho Gaya
Raja Ko Rani Se Pyar Ho Gaya (transl. The king has fallen in love with the queen) is a 2000 Indian Hindi film directed by T. K. Rajeev Kumar, starring Arvind Swamy and Manisha Koirala. This is the second Hindi film after Saat Rang Ke Sapne that Arvind Swamy has ever acted in. The film commenced after the success of the Hindi version of Mani Ratnam's Bombay, which featured the same lead pair. However, the release was delayed by three years, until the producers won a PETA case filed against them.

Animal welfare and rights in India
Animal welfare and rights in India regards the treatment of and laws concerning non-human animals in India. It is different from animal protection in India.

India is home to several religious traditions advocating non-violence and compassion towards animals, and has passed a number of animal welfare reforms since 1960. India is also one of the world's leading producers of animal products.
Arthur's Stone, Herefordshire
Arthur's Stone is a Neolithic chambered tomb, or dolmen, in Herefordshire, England. It is situated on the ridge line of a hill overlooking both the Golden Valley, Herefordshire and the Wye Valley. The tomb dates from 3700 BC – 2700 BC.

Chambered cairn
A chambered cairn is a burial monument, usually constructed during the Neolithic, consisting of a sizeable (usually stone) chamber around and over which a cairn of stones was constructed. Some chambered cairns are also passage-graves. They are found throughout Britain and Ireland, with the largest number in Scotland.

Typically, the chamber is larger than a cist, and will contain a larger number of interments, which are either excarnated bones or inhumations (cremations). Most were situated near a settlement, and served as that community's "graveyard".
Animal testing on frogs
Frogs have been used in animal tests throughout the history of biomedical science.

Eighteenth-century biologist Luigi Galvani discovered the link between electricity and the nervous system through studying frogs.

Luigi Galvani
Luigi Galvani (/ɡælˈvɑːni/ gal-VAH-nee, US also /ɡɑːl-/ gahl-, Italian: [luˈiːdʒi ɡalˈvaːni]; Latin: Aloysius Galvanus; 9 September 1737 – 4 December 1798) was an Italian physician, physicist, biologist and philosopher who studied animal electricity. In 1780, using a frog, he discovered that the muscles of dead frogs' legs twitched when struck by an electrical spark.: 67–71  This was an early study of bioelectricity, following experiments by John Walsh and Hugh Williamson.
Tsuppari Wars
Tsuppari Wars (つっぱりウォーズ; "Delinquent Wars") is an action video game for the Family Computer. The object is to acquire all of the enemies' territory and defeat the evil gang leaders. Even though this game was only released in Japan, the gangsters fight without any weapons and the violence level is mild compared to later gang-related games.

Gangster
A gangster (informally gangsta) is a criminal who is a member of a gang. Most gangs are considered to be part of organized crime. Gangsters are also called mobsters, a term derived from mob and the suffix -ster. Gangs provide a level of organization and resources that support much larger and more complex criminal transactions than an individual criminal could achieve. Gangsters have been active for many years in countries around the world. Gangsters are the subject of many novels, films, television series, and video games.
Gymnastics at the 1960 Summer Olympics – Men's rings
The men's rings competition was one of eight events for male competitors in artistic gymnastics at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome. It was held on 5, 7, and 10 September at the Baths of Caracalla. There were 129 competitors from 28 nations, with nations in the team competition having up to 6 gymnasts and other nations entering up to 2 gymnasts. The event was won by Albert Azaryan of the Soviet Union, the first man to successfully defend an Olympic title in the rings. Boris Shakhlin took silver, making it the third consecutive Games the Soviets finished in the top two. Takashi Ono tied with Velik Kapsazov for bronze, giving Japan its second consecutive Games with at least one bronze medal (there had been a tie for third in 1956 as well, between two Japanese gymnasts that time) and Bulgaria its first medal in the rings.

The 1960 gymnastics competitions introduced apparatus finals, with the all-around competition serving as a qualifying round for the rings final.

Baths of Caracalla
The Baths of Caracalla (Italian: Terme di Caracalla) in Rome, Italy, were the city's second largest Roman public baths, or thermae, after the Baths of Diocletian. The baths were likely built between AD 212 (or 211) and 216/217, during the reigns of emperors Septimius Severus and Caracalla. They were in operation until the 530s and then fell into disuse and ruin.

Both during and since their operation as baths, they served as inspiration for many other notable buildings, ancient and modern, such as the Baths of Diocletian, the Basilica of Maxentius, the original Pennsylvania Station in New York City, Chicago Union Station and the Senate of Canada Building. Artworks recovered from the ruins include famous sculptures such as the Farnese Bull and the Farnese Hercules.

Today the Baths of Caracalla are a tourist attraction.
Frederick Fox Riley
Frederick Fox Riley (17 August 1869 – 3 February 1934) was a British trade unionist and politician.

Born in Hinckley in Leicestershire, Riley worked for the Post Office and became involved in the Postal and Telegraph Clerks' Association, rising to become its acting general secretary.  He also became active in the Labour Party and stood unsuccessfully for the party in Leicester South at the 1918 general election and in the 1921 Bedford by-election.  He was successfully in winning election to Leicester City Council, on which he served for nine years.

At the 1923 general election, Riley stood for Stockton-on-Tees, but did not win, and again missed election in 1924, before finally taking the seat in 1929.  However, he lost the seat at the 1931 general election and died three years later.

Stockton-on-Tees (UK Parliament constituency)
Stockton-on-Tees is a former borough constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election from 1868 to 1983.
Bourdon illusion
The Bourdon illusion is an angle illusion named after the French psychologist Benjamin B. Bourdon. Bourdon lived from 1860 to 1943 and studied, among other things, optical illusions.

The illusion he presents consists of the fact that AE is a line segment, but it is perceived as being slightly bent around C in the same direction as the line segment BCD.

If the figure is rotated 45° to the right in succession, the illusion is more pronounced for the three non-horizontal figures than for the two horizontal figures.

Benjamin B. Bourdon
Benjamin B. Bourdon (1860–1943) was a French psychologist born in Normandy on August 5, 1860. He is often referred to as a pioneer of experimental psychology in France. Bourdon founded the first university established Experimental Psychology and Linguistics laboratory at the University of Rennes in 1896 and integrated the first experimental psychology course in a provincial university in 1891. His life is known by means of his (1932) autobiography in Carl Murchison`s compilation of autobiographies (1932) and biographies by Nicolas, S. (1998), Beuchet (1961), and Piéron (1961).  The accounts of Bourdon's life describe him as   one of the few French advocates of the new scientific psychology.
Sila Nerangalil Sila Manithargal (1977 film)
Sila Nerangalil Sila Manithargal (transl. Some people at some moments) is a 1977 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by A. Bhimsingh and written by Jayakanthan. Based on Jayakanthan's novel of the same name, it stars Lakshmi and Srikanth, with C. K. Nagesh, Y. G. Parthasarathy, R. Neelakantan, Sukumari and S. Sundari Bai in supporting roles. The film revolves around a girl from an orthodox family whose life changes after a sexual assault.

Sila Nerangalil Sila Manithargal was released on 1 April 1977 and became a commercial success. Lakshmi won the National Film Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role, the film's only win at the 24th National Film Awards.

Sukumari
Sukumari (6 October 1940 – 26 March 2013) was an Indian actress best known for her works in Malayalam and Tamil films. In a career spanning more than five decades, she appeared in more than 2,500 films predominantly in Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu, along with a few Hindi and one each in Sinhala, French, Italian, Bengali, Tulu, English and Kannada films. Sukumari began acting at the age of 10. In 2003, she was awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India for her contributions toward the arts. She won the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role in the Tamil film Namma Gramam (2010). Sukumari died on 26 March 2013 in Chennai, following a heart attack.
Frank Secich
Frank Secich (born June 14, 1951) is an American rock musician, songwriter, author and record producer.
He was the bass player and founding member of the group Blue Ash from 1969 to 1979 and guitarist and bassist for the Stiv Bators band from 1979 until 1981. He played in the Cleveland-based group Club Wow with Jimmy Zero of the Dead Boys from 1982 to 1985 and produced the Ohio band the Infidels from 1985 to 1990. He is currently the rhythm guitarist for the Deadbeat Poets who were formed in 2006 in Youngstown, Ohio. Frank Secich's autobiography "Circumstantial Evidence" was published by High Voltage Publishing of Australia in 2015. His second book "Not That Way Anymore" was published in November 2023 by High Voltage Publishing. His current band, The Deadbeat Poets are on Pop Detective Records, which is owned by Mark Hershberger.

Fraxinus quadrangulata
Fraxinus quadrangulata, the blue ash, is a species of ash native primarily to the Midwestern United States from Oklahoma to Michigan, as well as the Bluegrass region of Kentucky and the Nashville Basin region of Tennessee. Isolated populations exist in Alabama, Southern Ontario, and small sections of the Appalachian Mountains. It is typically found over calcareous substrates such as limestone, growing on limestone slopes and in moist valley soils, at elevations of 120–600 m (390–1,970 ft).
Copa dos Campeões Estaduais (1920–1937)
This entry presents the two main national and official competitions between state champions that preceded the Taça Brasil de Futebol, namely, the 1920-CBD Champions Tournament and the 1937-FBF Champions Tournament, which are two different competitions, only with the same intention, challenge between state champions.

Winners of the competitions were:

1920: CA Paulistano from São Paulo

1937: Atlético Mineiro from Belo Horizonte

Sérgio Pereira
Sérgio Pereira (born 16 May 1898, date of death unknown) was a Brazilian footballer who played as a midfielder. He played in four matches for the Brazil national football team in 1919. He was also part of Brazil's squad for the 1919 South American Championship.
Vaupés Arch
The Vaupés Arch is a hydrographic feature in the geology of Colombia. The Vaupés Arch forms the major drainage divide in the southern extent of the Llanos region of eastern Colombia and the western slopes of the Guiana Shield in Venezuela. The Vaupés Arch is the result of an episode of tectonic uplift that occurred approximately 8 to 10 Ma. The rise of the Vaupés Arch divided the basin of the Amazon from the headwaters of the Orinoco for the first time. Much of the Arch is now buried under thick sediments washed from the Andes. Shifting meanders of the area's numerous waterways have spread these sediments evenly over the flat alluvial plain, which has very little relief. In modern times the Casiquiare canal, to the south of the Arch, reconnects the two headwater basins, the Upper Orinoco and the Upper Rio Negro, a major Amazon tributary.

Orinoco
The Orinoco (Spanish pronunciation: [oɾiˈnoko]) is one of the longest rivers in South America at 2,140 km (1,330 mi). Its drainage basin, sometimes known as the Orinoquia, covers approximately 1,000,000 km2 (390,000 sq mi), with 65% of it in Venezuela and 35% in Colombia. It is the fourth largest river in the world by discharge volume of water (39,000 m3/s (1,400,000 cu ft/s) at delta) due to the high precipitation throughout its catchment area (2,300 millimetres per are [0.084 in/sq ft]). The Orinoco River and its tributaries are the major transportation system for eastern and interior Venezuela and the Llanos of Colombia. The environment and wildlife in the Orinoco's basin are extremely diverse.
Hexaprenyl diphosphate synthase (geranylgeranyl-diphosphate specific)
Hexaprenyl diphosphate synthase (geranylgeranyl-diphosphate specific) (EC 2.5.1.82, HexPS, (all-E) hexaprenyl diphosphate synthase, (all-trans) hexaprenyl diphosphate synthase, hexaprenyl pyrophosphate synthase, HexPPs, hexaprenyl diphosphate synthase) is an enzyme with systematic name geranylgeranyl-diphosphate:isopentenyl-diphosphate transferase (adding 2 isopentenyl units). This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

geranylgeranyl diphosphate + 2 isopentenyl diphosphate  2 diphosphate + all-trans-hexaprenyl diphosphate

The enzyme prefers geranylgeranyl diphosphate to farnesyl diphosphate as an allylic substrate.

Allyl group
In organic chemistry, an allyl group is a substituent with the structural formula −CH2−HC=CH2. It consists of a methylene bridge (−CH2−) attached to a vinyl group (−CH=CH2). The name is derived from the scientific name for garlic, Allium sativum. In 1844, Theodor Wertheim isolated an allyl derivative from garlic oil and named it "Schwefelallyl". The term allyl applies to many compounds related to H2C=CH−CH2, some of which are of practical or of everyday importance, for example, allyl chloride.

Allylation is any chemical reaction that adds an allyl group to a substrate.
Dalmatic
The dalmatic is a long, wide-sleeved tunic, which serves as a liturgical vestment in the Catholic, Lutheran, Anglican, United Methodist, and some other churches. When used, it is the proper vestment of a deacon at Mass, Holy Communion or other services such as baptism or marriage held in the context of a Eucharistic service. Although infrequent, it may also be worn by bishops above the alb and below the chasuble, and in this configuration is referred to as a pontifical dalmatic.

Like the chasuble worn by priests and bishops, it is an outer vestment matching the liturgical colour of the day or ritual. The dalmatic is often made of the same material and decoration as a chasuble, so as to form a matching pair. Traditional Solemn Mass vestment sets include matching chasuble, dalmatic, and tunicle.

Liturgical colours
Liturgical colours are specific colours used for vestments and hangings within the context of Christian liturgy. The symbolism of violet, blue, white, green, red, gold, black, rose, and other colours may serve to underline moods appropriate to a season of the liturgical year or may highlight a special occasion.

There is a distinction between the colour of the vestments worn by the clergy and their choir dress, which with a few exceptions does not change with the seasons of the liturgical year.
USCGC Kukui
Three cutters of the United States Coast Guard have been named Kukui

USCGC Kukui (WAGL-225), a 190 ft (58 m) Manzanita-class buoy tender Originally built for the U.S. Lighthouse Service.

USCGC Kukui (WAK-186), a 338 ft (103 m) cargo ship commissioned March 1946. ex-USS Colquitt (AK-174)

USCGC Kukui (WLB-203), a 225 ft (69 m) Juniper-class seagoing buoy tender commissioned in 1998.

USCG seagoing buoy tender
The USCG seagoing buoy tender is a type of United States Coast Guard Cutter used to service aids to navigation throughout the waters of the United States and wherever American shipping interests require. The U.S. Coast Guard has maintained a fleet of seagoing buoy tenders dating back to its origins in the U.S. Lighthouse Service (USLHS). These ships originally were designated with the hull classification symbol WAGL, but in 1965 the designation was changed to WLB, which is still used today.
Mixed connective tissue disease
Mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is a systemic autoimmune disease that shares characteristics with at least two other systemic autoimmune diseases, including systemic sclerosis (Ssc), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM), and rheumatoid arthritis. The idea behind the "mixed" disease is that this specific autoantibody is also present in other autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, polymyositis, scleroderma, etc. MCTD was characterized as an individual disease in 1972 by Sharp et al., and the term was introduced by Leroy in 1980.

Some experts consider MCTD to be the same as undifferentiated connective tissue disease, but other experts specifically reject this idea because undifferentiated connective tissue disease is not necessarily associated with serum antibodies directed against the U1-RNP. Furthermore, MCTD is associated with a more clearly defined set of signs and symptoms.

Myositis
Myositis is a rarely encountered medical condition characterized by inflammation affecting the muscles. The manifestations of this condition may include skin issues, muscle weakness, and the potential involvement of other organs. Additionally, systemic symptoms like weight loss, fatigue, and low-grade fever can manifest in individuals with myositis.
Tom Porras
Tom Porras (born March 28, 1958) is an American former gridiron football player.  He played as a quarterback in the Canadian Football League (CFL) from 1985 to 1994 for four teams. Previously, he played in the United States Football League (USFL) in their three seasons of existence. Later he played in the Arena Football League (AFL).

Porras played college football at the University of Washington in Seattle under head coach Don James, transferring in 1978 from Ventura College in southern California.

From 2003 to 2007, Porras was a substitute teacher and assistant football and track coach at Saguaro High School in Scottsdale, Arizona. On April 26, 2007, he was arrested and placed on administrative leave due to suspicion of sex abuse and public sexual indecency with a female student. The case was dismissed on February 27, 2008 after his confession was thrown out due to a Miranda rights violation.

Ventura College
Ventura College is a public community college in Ventura, California. Established in 1925, the college has a 112-acre (45 ha) campus with an enrollment of 13,763 students. It is part of the Ventura County Community College District.
Shailaja
Shailaja or Sailaja (Telugu: శైలజ) is an Indian name. In the Sanskrit language, it means Parvati (Shaila = Mountain + ja = Born to). People with this name include:

Sripathi Panditaradhyula Sailaja, Indian singer

Shailaja Acharya, former Nepalese politician

Shailaja Pujari (born 1982), Indian weightlifter

Shailaja Salokhe, Indian table tennis player

S. P. Sailaja
Sripathi Panditaradhyula Sailaja is an Indian singer, voice artist and actress who had sung 10,000 songs in Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam and Hindi films. She had sung most of the songs for Illayaraja, K. Chakravarthy, Ramesh Naidu, K.V. Mahadevan, Chandrabose, Shankar-Ganesh and Gangai Amaran. She had won two Nandi Awards, Filmfare South and Kalasagar awards.
WMRX-FM
WMRX-FM (97.7 MHz) is a radio station licensed to Beaverton, Michigan in the United States, broadcasting a classic hits format. In January 2021, the station began branding as "Mid-Michigan's Favorite Hits". The station also is an affiliate of the Detroit Tigers Radio Network. Black Diamond Broadcasting is the owner of WMRX-FM.

Beaverton, Michigan
Beaverton is a city in Gladwin County in the U.S. state of Michigan.  The population was 1,145 at the 2020 census. The city is bordered by Beaverton Township on the west, but the two are administered autonomously.
Darja Varfolomeev
Darja Varfolomeev (Russian: Да́рья Дми́триевна Варфоломе́ева; born 4 November 2006) is a Russian-born German rhythmic gymnast. She is the 2024 Olympic all-around champion and a two-time consecutive (2023 and 2025) World all-around gold medalist. She is also the 2022 World all-around silver medalist and a two-time (2024, 2025) European all-around bronze medalist.

At the national level, she is a three-time (2022, 2023, 2025) German all-around champion and a two-time all-around junior champion (in 2019 and 2021).

Rhythmic Gymnastics European Championships
The Rhythmic Gymnastics European Championships are the European championships for the sport of rhythmic gymnastics. They were first held in 1978. The European Championships and the European Junior Championships were united in 1993. Prior to 2006, they were called the European Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships. The competition is organised by the European Union of Gymnastics.