hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nick Ellis
Nick C. Ellis is a Welsh psycholinguist, professor emeritus of psychology and linguistics, and research scientist at the University of Michigan. Widely cited in the field of applied linguistics, particularly second-language acquisition, his research focuses on statistical learning of language structures, documenting influences of word and pattern frequency on language learning and processing. His work aligns with usage-based approaches aimed at understanding how learners develop knowledge of the form-meaning relations (grammatical constructions) that comprise human language.

Ellis served as Editor in Chief of the academic journal Language Learning from 1998 to 2002 and General Editor of the journal from 2006-2020.

Ellis received the Distinguished Scholarship and Service Award from the American Association for Applied Linguistics in 2019.

Second-language acquisition
Second-language acquisition (SLA), second-language learning or L2 (language 2) acquisition, is the process of learning a language other than one's native language (L1). SLA research examines how learners develop their knowledge of second language.

SLA research spans cognitive, social, and linguistic perspectives:

Cognitive approaches investigate memory and attention processes.

Sociocultural theories emphasize the role of social interaction and immersion

Linguistic studies examine the innate and learned aspects of language.

Individual factors like age, motivation, and personality also influence SLA, as seen in discussions on the critical period hypothesis and learning strategies. In addition to acquisition, SLA explores language loss, or second-language attrition, and the impact of formal instruction on learning outcomes.
Della Rovere
The House of Della Rovere (pronounced [della ˈroːvere]; literally "of the oak tree") was a powerful Italian noble family. It had humble origins in Savona, in Liguria, and acquired power and influence through nepotism and ambitious marriages arranged by two Della Rovere popes: Francesco Della Rovere, who ruled as Sixtus IV from 1471 to 1484 and his nephew Giuliano, who became Julius II in 1503. Sixtus IV built the Sistine Chapel, which was named after him. Julius II was patron to Michelangelo, Raphael and many other Renaissance artists and started the modern rebuilt of St. Peter's Basilica. Also the Basilica of San Pietro in Vincoli in Rome was the family church of the Della Rovere. Members of the family were influential in the Church of Rome, and as dukes of Urbino, dukes of Sora and lords of Senigallia; the title of Urbino was extinguished with the death of Francesco Maria II in 1631, and the family died out with the death of his granddaughter Vittoria, Grand Duchess of Tuscany.

Duchy of Sora
The Duchy of Sora was a semi-independent state in Italy, created in 1443 by King Alfonso I of Naples and dissolved in 1796. It occupied the south-eastern part of what is today Lazio, bordering what is now Abruzzo. Its capital was first Sora, and later, under the Boncompagni family, Isola di Sora.
1994 SANFL Grand Final
The 1994 South Australian National Football League (SANFL) Grand Final saw the Port Adelaide Magpies defeat the Woodville-West Torrens Eagles by 37 points after being 35 points behind in the first quarter. The match was played on 2 October 1994 at Football Park in front of a crowd of 40,598.

Grand final
Primarily in Australian sports, a grand final is a game that decides a sports league's premiership (or championship) winning team, i.e. the conclusive game of a finals (or play-off) series. Synonymous with a championship game in North American sports, grand finals have become a significant part of Australian culture.  The earliest leagues to feature a grand final were in Australian rules football, followed soon after by rugby league. Currently the largest grand finals are in the Australian Football League (AFL) and National Rugby League (NRL). Their popularity influenced other competitions such as soccer's  A-League Men and A-League Women, the National Basketball League, Super Netball and European rugby league's Super League to adopt grand finals as well. Most grand finals involve a prestigious award for the player voted best on field.
2012 Box Office Entertainment Awards
The 43rd Guillermo Mendoza Memorial Scholarship Foundation Box Office Entertainment Awards (GMMSF-BOEA) is a part of the annual awards in the Philippines held on April 29, 2012. The award-giving body honors Filipino actors, actresses and other performers' commercial success, regardless of artistic merit, in the Philippine entertainment industry.

In the Name of Love (2011 film)
In the Name of Love is a 2011 Filipino romantic drama film directed by Olivia Lamasan and starring Aga Muhlach, Angel Locsin, and Jake Cuenca. The film is a part of the special presentation for Star Cinema's 18th anniversary. The film premiered on May 11, 2011. It is produced and released by Star Cinema.
Adolf Indrebø
Adolf Oliverson Indrebø (7 February 1884 – 5 December 1942) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He hailed from Førde Municipality, but moved to Oslo as a student. He was a member of Oslo city council from 1917 to 1934, serving as mayor from 1929 to 1931.

In 1935, during the cabinet Nygaardsvold, he was appointed Minister of Finance. He held this post one year. He was also head of the Ministry of Defense, briefly in 1935.

Minister of Finance (Norway)
The Minister of Finance is a councilor of state and chief of the Ministry of Finance. The position is since February 2025 held by Jens Stoltenberg of the Labour Party (Norway) who is a member of Støre's Cabinet. In coalition governments, the leader of the largest junior party is usually made Minister of Finance, and may serve, de jure or de facto, as Deputy Prime Minister.
Vrije Stemmen
Vrije Stemmen (Free Voices) was the name of several newspapers in Zeeland, Netherlands:

Vrije Stemmen uit Schouwen-Duiveland (Zierikzee, 1945–47),  a temporary name for the Zierikzeesche Nieuwsbode

Vrije Stemmen uit de Ganzestad, dagblad te Goes (Goes, 1944–45). In 1945 changed its name to:

Vrije Stemmen. Dagblad voor Zeeland (Goes, 1945–46). In 1946 merged into the Provinciale Zeeuwse Courant.

Zierikzee
Zierikzee (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈziːrɪkseː]) is a small city in the southwest Netherlands, 50 km southwest of Rotterdam. It is situated in the municipality of Schouwen-Duiveland, Zeeland. The city hall of Schouwen-Duiveland is located in Zierikzee, its largest city. Zierikzee is connected to Oosterschelde through a canal.

In 2001, the town of Zierikzee had 10,313 inhabitants. The built-up area of the town was 3.0 km2, and contained 4,295 residences.
The statistical area "Zierikzee", which also can include the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 10,730.
Vincent L. McKusick
Vincent Lee McKusick (October 21, 1921 – December 3, 2014) was an American attorney and Chief Justice of Maine. At the time of his death McKusick worked at the firm Pierce Atwood in Portland, Maine, as of Counsel.

His most prominent rulings included Connecticut v. New Hampshire, Kansas v. Nebraska and Colorado and Louisiana v. Mississippi.

McKusick began practicing law with Pierce Atwood in 1952. For twenty-five years – until he was appointed by Governor James B. Longley as Maine's Chief Justice – McKusick engaged in general practice with the firm.

Prior to joining Pierce Atwood in 1952, McKusick served successively as law clerk to Chief Judge Learned Hand of the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit and to Justice Felix Frankfurter of the United States Supreme Court. From 1943 to 1946, he served in the U.S. Army, in part in Los Alamos, New Mexico, participating in the Manhattan Project.

Los Alamos, New Mexico
Los Alamos (Spanish: Los Álamos, meaning 'The Poplars') is a census-designated place in Los Alamos County, New Mexico, United States, that is recognized as one of the development and creation places of the atomic bomb—the primary objective of the Manhattan Project by Los Alamos National Laboratory during World War II. The town is on four mesas of the Pajarito Plateau, and had a population of about 13,200 as of 2020. It is the county seat and one of two population centers in Los Alamos County; the other is White Rock.
Nomen (ancient Egypt)
The nomen of ancient Egyptian pharaohs was one of the "great five names". It was introduced by king Djedefre, third pharaoh of the 4th Dynasty, as an emendation to the traditional nswt-bity crest. The nomen was later separated from the prenomen to become an independent royal name.

Fourth Dynasty of Egypt
The Fourth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty IV) is characterized as a "golden age" of the Old Kingdom of Egypt. Dynasty IV lasted from c. 2613 to c. 2498 BC. It was a time of peace and prosperity as well as one during which trade with other countries is officially documented.

The Fourth Dynasty heralded the height of the pyramid-building age. The peaceful rule of the Third Dynasty allowed artistic expressions to flourish. Building experiments done by King Sneferu led to the evolution of mastaba tombs into the smooth-sided pyramids like those seen on the Giza Plateau. According to some historians, no other period in Egyptian history equaled the accomplishments achieved during the Fourth Dynasty.
Super Sonic Strike Missile (3SM) Tyrfing
Super Sonic Strike Missile (3SM) Tyrfing is a supersonic anti-ship missile under development by the Norwegian firm Kongsberg Defense & Aerospace (KDA).

The missile is expected to be delivered from 2035 and is planned to be used on Norwegian and German naval vessels. The missile will complement the Naval Strike Missile.

Anti-ship missile
An anti-ship missile (AShM or ASM) is a guided missile that is designed for use against ships and large boats. Most anti-ship missiles are of the sea-skimming variety, and many use a combination of inertial guidance and active radar homing. A large number of other anti-ship missiles use infrared homing to follow the heat that is emitted by a ship; it is also possible for anti-ship missiles to be guided by radio command all the way.

Many anti-ship missiles can be launched from a variety of weapons systems including surface warships (also referred to as ship-to-ship missiles), submarines, bombers, fighter planes, patrol planes, helicopters, shore batteries, land vehicles, and, conceivably, even infantrymen firing shoulder-launched missiles. The term surface-to-surface missile (SSM) is used when appropriate. The longer-range anti-ship missiles are often called anti-ship cruise missiles. Several countries  are also developing anti-ship ballistic missiles.
Saint Erik
Saint Erik (c. 1125 – 18 May 1160), also called Eric  IX or Erik Jedvardsson was King of Sweden from c. 1156 until his death in 1160. The Roman Martyrology of the Catholic Church names him as a saint memorialized on 18 May. He was the founder of the House of Erik, which ruled Sweden with interruptions from c. 1156 to 1250.

Roman Martyrology
The Roman Martyrology (Latin: Martyrologium Romanum) is the official martyrology of the Catholic Church. Its use is obligatory in matters regarding the Roman Rite liturgy, but dioceses, countries and religious institutes may add duly approved appendices to it. It provides an extensive but not exhaustive list of the saints recognized by the Church.
The Traitors NZ season 1
The first season of the New Zealand television series The Traitors NZ premiered on Three on 7 August 2023. The season was won by Anna Reeve and Sam Smith, as faithfuls, with Brooke Howard-Smith, placing as runner-up, as a traitor.

Three (TV channel)
Three (stylised as +HR=E) is a New Zealand nationwide television channel. Launched on 26 November 1989 as TV3, it was New Zealand's first privately owned television channel. The channel currently broadcasts nationally (with regional advertising targeting four markets) in digital free-to-air form via the state-owned Kordia on terrestrial and satellite. It previously broadcast nationally on analogue television until that was switched off on 1 December 2013.

Three is a general entertainment channel formerly owned by Warner Bros. Discovery New Zealand, with a news element under the banner of ThreeNews. Three carries a significant amount of local content, most of which airs at prime-time. The channel has been owned by Sky Network Television from 1 August 2025.
2024 Rackley Roofing 200
The 2024 Rackley Roofing 200 was the 13th stock car race of the 2024 NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, and the third and final race of the Triple Truck Challenge, the 4th iteration of the event. The race was held on Friday, June 28, 2024, at Nashville Superspeedway in Lebanon, Tennessee, a 1.333 miles (2.145 km) permanent tri-oval shaped racetrack. The race contested the scheduled 150 laps to complete. Christian Eckes, driving for McAnally-Hilgemann Racing, continues to show his dominance in the Truck Series, leading all 150 laps of the race to earn his eighth career NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series win, and his third of the season. To fill out the podium, Daniel Dye, driving for McAnally-Hilgemann Racing, and Corey Heim, driving for Tricon Garage, would finish 2nd and 3rd, respectively.

2024 NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series
The 2024 NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series was the 30th season of the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series, a pickup truck racing series sanctioned by NASCAR in the United States. The season started on February 16 with the Fresh From Florida 250 at Daytona International Speedway and ended with the NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series Championship Race on November 8 at Phoenix Raceway.

Ben Rhodes of ThorSport Racing entered the season as the defending NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series champion. Christian Eckes claimed the regular season championship. In addition, Layne Riggs of Front Row Motorsports won NASCAR Rookie of the Year honors. Ty Majeski of ThorSport Racing won his first Truck Series championship at season's end.
Music & Arts Center
Music & Arts is an American musical instrument retailer chain specializing in band and orchestra instrument sales and rentals, guitars, keyboards, sheet music and accessories, musical instrument repairs and private music lessons. It is the largest school music dealer in the United States, with 253 retail locations. Originally founded in 1952, the company has operated as a subsidiary of Guitar Center since its acquisition in 2005.

Renting
Renting, also known as hiring or letting, is an agreement where a payment is made for the use of a good, service or property owned by another over a fixed period of time. Typically a written agreement is signed to establish the roles and expectations of both the tenant and landlord.  There are many different types; a rental agreement tends to refer to short-term rental, whereas lease refers to longer-term rental, also known as leasing.
Brissago Islands
The Brissago Islands (Italian: Isole di Brissago) are a group of two islands located in the Swiss part of Lake Maggiore close to Ronco sopra Ascona and Brissago. Both islands belong to the district of Locarno, in the canton of Ticino.

San Pancrazio (also known as Grande Isola) is larger and is well known for its botanical garden. On the smaller island, known as Isolino, Isola Piccola or Isola di Sant’Apollinare, the vegetation is allowed to develop naturally. Both benefit from the mild climate provided by the lake. The minimum distance from the shore is 1,040 metres for San Pancrazio and 930 metres for Sant'Apollinare, making them the farthest islands from the shore in Switzerland. Both islands culminate at 200 metres above sea level or 7 metres above lake level (193 m).

Ronco sopra Ascona
Ronco sopra Ascona is a municipality near Locarno in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland around 5 kilometers along the shore north of the border with Italy. It lies on the northern shore of Lake Maggiore, which stretches far to the south into Italy, being the second largest lake in Italy. It does not include the Brissago islands in the lake.
Madawa Warnapura
Madawa Warnapura (born 4 June 1988) is a Sri Lankan cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Sri Lanka Air Force Sports Club in the 2008–09 Premier Trophy on 21 November 2008. He is the son of former Sri Lankan cricket captain Bandula Warnapura and the cousin of former Sri Lankan cricketer Malinda Warnapura. Madawa was educated at Nalanda College, Colombo.

In March 2018, he was named in Galle's squad for the 2017–18 Super Four Provincial Tournament. The following month, he was also named in Galle's squad for the 2018 Super Provincial One Day Tournament.

2017–18 Super Four Provincial Tournament
The 2017–18 Super Four Provincial Tournament was a first-class cricket tournament, that was played in Sri Lanka during March and April 2018. It took place following the conclusion of the 2017–18 Premier League Tournament and featured four teams based on the Centers of Excellence in Sri Lanka. It was the first time this type of tournament has been played in Sri Lanka since 2013. Galle won the tournament, finishing ahead of Dambulla, despite Dambulla winning a game, with Galle drawing all their fixtures.

Sri Lanka Cricket (SLC) announced the fixtures on 21 March 2018, with the second round of matches played as day/night games. The day/night matches were used as preparation for the day/night Test match, which was played during Sri Lanka's tour of the West Indies in June 2018. Following the conclusion of the tournament, a limited overs tournament took place with the same teams.
Launi Skinner
Launi Skinner (born 1964) is a Canadian business woman, with several decades of experience leading high-profile companies within Canada and internationally, including Starbucks US, 1-800-GOT-JUNK?, and First West Credit Union. Skinner is currently chief executive officer of First West Credit Union, one of Canada's largest credit unions.

Skinner joined First West Credit Union in 2010, four months after the January 1, 2010, merger of Valley First Credit Union and Envision Credit Union. Under Skinner's leadership in 2013, First West Credit Union successfully acquired Enderby & District Credit Union. Then, under Skinner's leadership in 2015, Vancouver Island-based Island Savings Credit Union merged with First West Credit Union.

1-800-GOT-JUNK?
RBDS Rubbish Boys Disposal Service Inc. (doing business as 1-800-GOT-JUNK?) is a Canadian franchised residential and commercial junk removal company operating in the United States, Canada, and Australia. The company's business model consists of taking junk or trash haulage, and giving it a "clean" image through branding and marketing.49°15′58.50″N 123°05′03.66″W﻿ / ﻿49.2662500°N 123.0843500°W﻿ / 49.2662500; -123.0843500
Attagenus smirnovi
Attagenus smirnovi, the brown carpet beetle, is a species of beetle from the family Dermestidae. It is a synanthropic pest which lives in human buildings, homes and museums and eats wool-textiles, carpets, skin and fur. Due to its specific epithet smirnovi, the beetle is also known in the United Kingdom as the 'Vodka beetle', after the Smirnoff brand of vodka.

Synanthrope
A synanthrope (from Ancient Greek  σύν (sýn) 'together, with' and  ἄνθρωπος (ánthrōpos) 'man') is an organism that evolved to live near humans and benefit from human settlements and their environmental modifications (see also anthropophilia for animals who live close to humans as parasites). The term includes many animals and plants regarded as pests or weeds, but does not include domesticated species. Common synanthrope habitats include houses, sheds and barns, non-building structures, gardens, parks, farms, road verges and rubbish dumps.
Dazkarieh
Dazkarieh was a traditional Portuguese music band that began in 1999. The alternative rock and neofolk band consists of musicians Joana Negrão, Rui Rodrigues, João Campos and Vasco Ribeiro Casais. They have released a total of seven albums. Switzerland, Canada, Belgium, Mexico, Cape Verde, Czech Republic, Spain, Austria, Estonia and especially Germany, are some of the countries through which already exhibited their original sounds, inspired by various world cultures and based in the most diverse instruments, which include Galician gaita, accordion, western concert flute, tin whistle, African percussion instruments, Arabic percussion, bass and guitar. Initially the group was producing sounds that center on an imaginary vocal language, created by the group, for the purpose of treating the clear voice as a standalone instrument, comparable to the others.

Galician gaita
The Galician gaita (Galician: Gaita galega, Portuguese: Gaita galega, Spanish: Gaita gallega) is the traditional instrument of Galicia and northern Portugal.

The word gaita is used across northern Spain as a generic term for "bagpipe", although in the south of Spain and Portugal it denotes a variety of horn, flute or oboe like instruments according to region.
Sticky-shed syndrome
Sticky-shed syndrome is a condition created by the deterioration of the binders in a magnetic tape, which hold the ferric oxide magnetizable coating to its plastic carrier, or which hold the thinner back-coating on the outside of the tape. This deterioration renders the tape unusable. Some kinds of binder are known to break down over time, due to the absorption of moisture (hydrolysis).

The symptoms of this breakdown can be immediately obvious even when rewinding the tape: tearing sounds and sluggish behavior. If a tape with sticky-shed syndrome is played, the reels will make screeching or squeaking sounds, and the tape will leave dusty, rusty particles on the guides and heads. In some cases, particularly with digital tapes, the symptoms are more subtle, causing intermittent dropouts.

Moisture
Moisture is the presence of a liquid, especially water, often in trace amounts. Moisture is defined as water in the adsorbed or absorbed phase. Small amounts of water may be found, for example, in the air (humidity), in foods, and in some commercial products. Moisture also refers to the amount of water vapor present in the air. The soil also includes moisture.
WLFA
WLFA (91.3 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a contemporary Christian music format to Asheville, North Carolina and the surrounding area. The station is currently owned by Radio Training Network, Inc. and is part of its "His Radio" network. The station mostly simulcasts programming from flagship WLFJ-FM in Greenville, South Carolina; which operates translators in nearby Hendersonville, Weaverville and Black Mountain.

Programming includes music by such artists as MercyMe, Michael W. Smith, Point of Grace, Steven Curtis Chapman, Jeremy Camp, Avalon, Toby Mac, and Mark Schultz, as well as family ministries such as those of Dr. James Dobson and Charles Stanley.

Radio Training Network
Radio Training Network, Inc. is an American non-profit broadcasting organization that operates several networks of Christian radio-formatted stations, mostly in the Southeast. The network's footprint includes stations in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Missouri, North Carolina and South Carolina. The network is based in Port Richey, Florida.  Some stations are programmed as "The Joy FM", and several are known as "His Radio".
Crank (surname)
Crank is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anthony Crank, British television presenter

John Crank (1916–2006), British mathematical physicist

Marion Crank (1915–1994), Arkansas politician

Patrick Crank, American lawyer

Patrick Crank
Patrick J. Crank (born December 30, 1959) is an American politician and lawyer who was the 33rd Wyoming Attorney General, from 2002 until 2007. He currently serves as the Wyoming Game & Fish Commissioner for District #1 and is a shareholder of Speight, McCue & Crank, PC. Prior to his appointment, he worked in the United States Attorney's Office for the District of Wyoming.

His successor in the office of Attorney General was Bruce Salzburg.