hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Education in Orpington
Education in Orpington, England, is managed by the London Borough of Bromley which is the Local Education Authority. Orpington is a suburban town that forms the south-eastern edge of London's urban sprawl and is one of thirty five major centres identified in the London Plan.

London Plan
The London Plan is the statutory spatial development strategy for the Greater London area in the United Kingdom that is written by the Mayor of London and published by the Greater London Authority. It is updated from time to time.

The regional planning document was first published in final form on 10 February 2004. In addition to minor alterations, it was substantially revised and republished in February 2008 and July 2011. In October 2013, minor alterations were made to the plan to comply with the National Planning Policy Framework and other changes in national policy.

The London Plan of March 2016 was published, and amended in January 2017 (for typesetting corrections), with a formal end-date of 2036.

In March 2021 a new London Plan was adopted by the Greater London Authority, planning for the next 20–25 years.
Hetebrink House
The Hetebrink House is a Mission Revival style historic home in Fullerton, California, built in 1914 for John Hetebrink. Located on the south-east corner of what is now Fullerton College, the building has been uninhabited since 2001.

Mission Revival architecture
The Mission Revival style was part of an architectural movement, beginning in the late 19th century, for the revival and reinterpretation of American colonial styles. Mission Revival drew inspiration from the late 18th and early 19th century Spanish missions in California. It is sometimes termed California Mission Revival, particularly when used elsewhere, such as in New Mexico and Texas which have their own unique regional architectural styles. In Australia, the style is known as Spanish Mission.

The Mission Revival movement was most popular between 1890 and 1915, in numerous residential, commercial and institutional structures, particularly schools and railroad depots.
Limbic lobe
The limbic lobe is an arc-shaped cortical region of the limbic system, on the medial surface of each cerebral hemisphere of the mammalian brain, consisting of parts of the frontal, parietal and temporal lobes. The term is ambiguous, with some authors including the paraterminal gyrus, the subcallosal area, the cingulate gyrus, the parahippocampal gyrus, the dentate gyrus, the hippocampus and the subiculum;

Dentate gyrus
The dentate gyrus (DG) is one of the subfields of the hippocampus, in the hippocampal formation. The hippocampal formation is located in the temporal lobe of the brain, and includes the hippocampus (including CA1 to CA4) subfields, and other subfields including the dentate gyrus, subiculum, and presubiculum.

The dentate gyrus is part of the trisynaptic circuit, a neural circuit of the hippocampus, thought to contribute to the formation of new episodic memories, the spontaneous exploration of novel environments and other functions. The dentate gyrus has toothlike projections from which it is named.

The subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus is one of only two major sites of adult neurogenesis in the brain, and is found in many mammals. The other main site is the subventricular zone in the ventricular system. Other sites  may include  the striatum and the cerebellum. However, whether significant neurogenesis takes place in the adult human dentate gyrus has been a matter of debate.
Nam Cheong South (constituency)
Nam Cheong South (Chinese: 南昌南) is one of the 25 constituencies in the Sham Shui Po District of Hong Kong which was created in 1994.

The constituency loosely covers southern Nam Cheong in Sham Shui Po with the estimated population of 19,858.

Sham Shui Po
Sham Shui Po (Chinese: 深水埗) is an area of Kowloon, Hong Kong, situated in the northwestern part of the Kowloon Peninsula, north of Tai Kok Tsui, east of Cheung Sha Wan and south of Shek Kip Mei (石硤尾). It is located in and is the namesake of the Sham Shui Po District.

A predominately lower-income neighborhood, Sham Shui Po is one of the densest and most vibrant neighbourhoods in Hong Kong. It has a diverse mix of migrants from rural China, working-class families and seniors, with many living in cage homes, subdivided flats and public housing estates. Sham Shui Po has many lively street markets, electronics outlets, fabric stores, restaurants and food vendors. It is famous for its Golden Computer Shopping Arcade for bargain electronics and accessories.
Joseph Plaster
Joseph Plaster is an interdisciplinary scholar specializing in queer studies and public humanities, with teaching and research fields at the intersections of U.S. 20th century urban history, oral history, performance studies, public history, and LGBTQ studies of religion. He is a Lecturer in the Program in Museums and Society and Director of the Winston Tabb Special Collections Research Center at Johns Hopkins University. He is an affiliated faculty member of the Johns Hopkins University Alexander Grass Humanities Institute and serves on the advisory board of OutHistory.

Public humanities
Public humanities is the work of engaging diverse publics in reflecting on heritage, traditions, and history, and the relevance of the humanities to the current conditions of civic and cultural life. Public humanities is usually practiced within federal, state, nonprofit and community-based cultural organizations that engage people in conversations, facilitate and present lectures, exhibitions, performances and other programs for the general public on topics such as history, philosophy, popular culture and the arts. Public Humanities also exists within universities as a collaborative enterprise between communities and faculty, staff, and students.
Andrea Werhun
Andrea Werhun is a Canadian writer and actress from Toronto, Ontario. She is most noted for her 2018 book Modern Whore, a memoir of her time as a sex worker prior to establishing herself as a creative professional. She studied at University of Toronto, majoring in English and minoring in religious studies.

Werhun worked as an escort and as an erotic dancer. After leaving that line of work she wrote and published Modern Whore, but remained active as an outreach worker helping to educate active sex workers on issues such as safer sex and protecting themselves from violent clients.

Sex worker
A sex worker is a person who provides sex work, either on a regular or occasional basis. The term is used in reference to those who work in all areas of the sex industry. According to one view, sex work is voluntary "and is seen as the commercial exchange of sex for money or goods". Thus it differs from sexual exploitation, or the forcing of a person to commit sexual acts.
Legacy of the May Revolution
The May Revolution (Spanish: Revolución de Mayo) was a week-long series of revolutionary events that took place from 18 to 25 May 1810, in Buenos Aires, capital of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata. It started the Argentine War of Independence, and it is considered the birth of modern Argentina.

Argentine War of Independence
The Argentine War of Independence (Spanish: guerra de la independencia argentina) was a set of military events from 1810 to 1825 which resulted in the consolidation of Argentina as an independent country from Spanish rule. The historiographical term encompasses battles and military feats such as the Crossing of the Andes. Formal independence was declared in 1816 by the Congress of Tucumán.
Mandera County
Mandera County is a county in northeastern Kenya, bordering Ethiopia to the north, Somalia to the east, and Wajir County to the south.  It is predominantly home to the Somali community, with a population of about 983,000 (2024)-(nullified), making it the 28th largest county in Kenya by population. Covering an area of approximately 25,797 square kilometers, Mandera County features natural landscapes, including the Dawa River and vast deserts.

The primary economic activities include pastoralism and agriculture, with a focus on livestock. 
The capital and largest town is Mandera.

Dawa River
The Dawa River (Somali: Webiga Daawa; Laga Daawwaa(Oromo) Italian: fiume Daua) is found in East Africa, covering an area of 58,961 km2. It flows through three major countries: Kenya, Ethiopia, and Somalia, with 81% found in Ethiopian territory. It is known for its complex geological environment, evident through its diverse lithology and structural framework, coming from the river's closeness to multiple volcanic-tectonic events. The wide river has gentle slopes either side of its exposed bedrock. The Dawa river flows south east to form part of both the Ethiopia–Somalia border and the Ethiopia–Kenya border. Awata, Digati, and Mormora are the only significant off-flowing rivers to Dawa.
Gurdaspur railway station
Gurdaspur Railway Station is a main railway station in Gurdaspur district, Punjab. Its station code is GSP. It serves the district headquarter of Gurdaspur city. The station is located on Amritsar-Pathankot line. The station consists of two platforms, having access of F.O.B. (Foot Over Bridge). This station is being redesigned under Amrit Bharat Station Scheme of the Ministry of Railways (India). This station has many facilities like Air Conditioned waiting lounge, Executive Lounge, Washrooms, Wi-Fi etc.

Facilities available at Gurdaspur Railway Station

Executive Lounge

Retiring Room

Waiting Room (with or without AC)

Toilets

Ministry of Railways (India)
The Ministry of Railways is a ministry in the Government of India, responsible for the country's rail transport. The Indian Railways is the rail network operated and administered by the Railway Board constituted by the ministry. The ministry along with the Railway Board is housed inside Rail Bhawan in New Delhi. It is headed by the Minister of Railways. With more than 1.2 million employees, it is one of the world's largest employers.
Coronation Park (Toronto)
Coronation Park is a park and veteran's memorial in Toronto, Ontario, built to mark the coronation of King George VI in 1937. Most trees are planted to honour the Canadian men and women who participated in the First World War and earlier wars, while others commemorate subsequent coronations of Canadian monarchs. Constructed on landfill on the shore of Lake Ontario during the Great Depression, many workers on relief were used. The park also has the Victory-Peace monument, located at the water's edge. To the east is HMCS York, the naval barracks; to the north is Fort York and the Fort York Armoury; and, to the west, is Exhibition Place, once the site of New Fort York.

Fort York Armoury
Fort York Armoury is a Canadian Forces facility located near the grounds of the Canadian National Exhibition in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located at the intersection of Fleet Street and Fort York Boulevard, close to the historic Old Fort York in the neighbourhood of Fort York. It currently hosts several units of the Primary Reserve and the Canadian Cadet Organization.
Syniukha
The Syniukha (Ukrainian: Синюха, lit. 'Blue Waters') is a river in Ukraine, a left tributary of the Southern Bug, the basin of Black Sea. Its name means blue or of blue shade. It is 111 kilometres (69 mi) long with a 16,700 square kilometres (6,448 sq mi) basin area. It is formed at the confluence of its source rivers the Tikych (itself formed at the confluence of the Hnyly Tikych and the Hirskyi Tikych) and the Velyka Vys. It flows into the Southern Bug at Pervomaisk.

It is believed that in the mid-14th century one of the major battles between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Ulus Jochi, the Battle of Blue Waters, took place here.

The Kohutivka Reserve of national importance is by the Yatran village, at the confluence of Yatran River and Syniukha.

Pervomaisk, Mykolaiv Oblast
Pervomaisk (Ukrainian: Первомайськ, IPA: [perwoˈmɑjsʲk] ⓘ; Russian: Первомайск) is a city in Mykolaiv Oblast, Ukraine. It serves as the administrative center of Pervomaisk Raion within the oblast. It is located on the Southern Bug River which bisects the city. Pervomaisk also hosts the administration of Pervomaisk urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 62,426 (2022 estimate); 70,170 (2001).

The city is known for being a center (headquarters) of the 46th Rocket Division of the Soviet Strategic Rocket Forces during the Soviet period.

Until 18 July 2020, Pervomaisk was incorporated as a city of oblast significance. It also served as the administrative center of Pervomaisk Raion even though it did not belong to the raion. In July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Mykolaiv Oblast to four, the city of Pervomaisk was merged into Pervomaisk Raion.
Xiaolu Guo
Xiaolu Guo  FRSL (Chinese: 郭小橹; born 20 November 1973) is a Chinese-born British author, filmmaker and academic. Her writing and films explore migration, alienation, memory, personal journeys, feminism, translation and transnational identities.

Guo has directed a dozen films, including documentaries and fiction. Her best-known films include She, a Chinese and We Went to Wonderland. Her novels have been translated into 28 languages. Nine Continents: A Memoir in and out of China won the National Book Critics Circle Award 2017. In 2013, she was named as one of Granta magazine's Best of Young British Novelists, a list drawn up once a decade. She was an inaugural fellow of the Columbia Institute of Ideas and Imagination in Paris, France, in 2018, and a jury member for the Man Booker Prize 2019.

Social alienation
Social alienation is a person's feeling of disconnection from a group – whether friends, family, or wider society – with which the individual has an affiliation. Such alienation has been described as "a condition in social relationships reflected by (1) a low degree of integration or common values and (2) a high degree of distance or isolation (3a) between individuals, or (3b) between an individual and a group of people in a community or work environment [enumeration added]". It is a sociological concept developed by several classical and contemporary theorists. The concept has many discipline-specific uses and can refer both to a personal psychological state (subjectively) and to a type of social relationship (objectively).
Nathan Peavy
Nathan Peavy De Jesús (born March 31, 1985) is a Puerto Rican-American former professional basketball player currently working as an assistant coach for the Greensboro Swarm of the NBA G League.

As a player, Peavy worked with teams in North America and Europe, besides playing as a native in the Baloncesto Superior Nacional (BSN). In international competition, he represented Puerto Rico. A series of injuries resulted in prolonged periods of inactivity which ultimately led to his retirement.

Greensboro Swarm
The Greensboro Swarm are an American basketball team of the NBA G League based in Greensboro, North Carolina, and are affiliated with the Charlotte Hornets. The Swarm play their home games at the Greensboro Coliseum Complex. The team became the eleventh Development League team to be owned by an NBA team when it was announced in 2015.
Independent Theatre (Adelaide)
Independent Theatre (IT) is an Australian theatre company based in Adelaide, South Australia. It has strong links to American theatre and culture, frequently producing plays by American playwrights, but also produces classical and contemporary theatre, as well as adaptations from novels.

Founded in 1983 by continuing artistic director Rob Croser, the company was the first non-professional company to be invited to perform in the Space Theatre at the Adelaide Festival Centre. Croser is assisted by David Roach, who has acted in several productions as well as designing sets for many. Independent Theatre has had a relationship with American playwright John Logan, who is a benefactor, since the 1990s, and has produced several of his plays. Logan's Peter and Alice was the company's hundredth production, staged in 2014. The company continues to produce three or four plays each year, usually staged at the Goodwood Institute or the Space.

Theater in the United States
Theater in the United States is part of the old European theatrical tradition and has been heavily influenced by the British theater. The central hub of the American theater scene is Manhattan, with its divisions of Broadway, Off-Broadway, and Off-Off-Broadway. Many movie and television stars have gotten their big break working in New York productions. Outside New York, many cities have professional regional or resident theater companies that produce their own seasons, with some works being produced regionally with hopes of eventually moving to New York. U.S. theater also has an active community theater culture, which relies mainly on local volunteers who may not be actively pursuing a theatrical career.
Datsu-A Ron
"Datsu-A Ron" (Japanese Kyūjitai: 脫亞論, Shinjitai: 脱亜論) was an editorial published in the Japanese newspaper Jiji Shimpo on March 16, 1885 arguing that Meiji Japan should abandon the "conservative governments" of Qing China and Joseon Korea and align itself with the West. The title "Datsu-A Ron" has been translated in a variety of ways, including "Goodbye Asia" and "Leaving Asia".

As such an idea was controversial at the time, it was written anonymously to avoid possible backlash, probably by author and educator Fukuzawa Yukichi. (The editorial was included in the second volume of Fukuzawa's complete works in 1933.) Even so, the editorial was generally ignored and did not attract any comment upon its publication.

In 1996, historian Shinya Ida used forensic linguistic methods to analyze "Datsu-A Ron" and concluded the writer was likely either Yoshio Takahashi or Fukuzawa.

Editorial
An editorial, or leading article (UK) or leader (UK), is an article or any other written document, often unsigned, written by the senior editorial people or publisher of a newspaper or magazine, that expresses the publication's opinion about a particular topic or issue. Australian and major United States newspapers, such as The New York Times and The Boston Globe, often classify editorials under the heading "opinion".
Eliza Tinsley
Eliza Tinsley (1813–1882) was an English businessperson. She was the founder of the Eliza Tinsley Furniture or Eliza Tinsley & Company, Ltd.

She was born in Wolverhampton, Staffordshire, as the daughter of file maker Benjamin Butler (d. 1827) and Ann Shaw (d. 1829). She married Thomas Tinsley and lived at The Limes in Sedgley with her husband and six children. In 1851, she was widowed and inherited the nail-making business from her husband. In 1871, the company had 4,000 employees producing nails, chains, rivets and anchors.

Eliza Tinsley has a ward named after her at Rowley Regis Hospital.

Rivet
A rivet is a permanent mechanical fastener. Before being installed, a rivet consists of a smooth cylindrical shaft with a head on one end. The end opposite the head is called the tail. On installation, the deformed end is called the shop head or buck-tail.

Because there is effectively a head on each end of an installed rivet, it can support tension loads.  However, it is much more capable of supporting shear loads (loads perpendicular to the axis of the shaft).

Fastenings used in traditional wooden boat building, such as copper nails and clinch bolts, work on the same principle as the rivet but were in use long before the term rivet was introduced and, where they are remembered, are usually classified among nails and bolts respectively.
Those Two
Those Two (Italian: Quei due) is a 1935 Italian comedy film directed by Gennaro Righelli and starring Eduardo De Filippo, Peppino De Filippo and Assia Noris. A couple of men struggling to find work both fall in love with the same woman. The story is loosely based on two works by Eduardo De Filippo.

Gennaro Righelli
Gennaro Righelli (12 December 1886 – 6 January 1949) was an Italian film director, screenwriter and actor. He directed more than 110 films in Italy and Germany between 1910 and 1947. In 1930, he directed the first Italian sound film, The Song of Love. He was married to the film star Maria Jacobini, whom he frequently cast in his films.
John R. Cumpson
John R. Cumpson (August 30, 1866 – March 15, 1913) was an American stage and film actor. On Broadway, he appeared in Up York State in 1901. With regard to his screen career, Cumpson appeared in at least 124 films between 1905 and 1912. A 1910 newspaper item described him as "the famous Swedish dialect comedian."

Silent film star Florence Lawrence enjoyed working often with Cumpson at the Biograph Company in 1908 and 1909, although later, in an interview with Photoplay, she described him as essentially a humorless comedian:

"Mr. Cumpson was the most serious comedian I have ever known. Nothing was ever funny to him, and he never tried to be funny....When all the rest of the company would laugh at something he had said or did, he would become indignant, thinking we were making fun of him."

Cumpson died of pneumonia and diabetes at Washington Heights Hospital in New York City. He was survived by a brother and two sisters.

Florence Lawrence
Florence Lawrence (born Florence Annie Bridgwood; January 2, 1886 – December 28, 1938) was a Canadian-American stage performer and film actress. She is often referred to as the "first movie star", and was long thought to be the first film actor to be named publicly until evidence published in 2019 indicated that the first named film star was French actor Max Linder. At the height of her fame in the 1910s, she was known as the "Biograph Girl" for work as one of the leading ladies in silent films from the Biograph Company. She appeared in almost 300 films for various motion picture companies throughout her career.
Resi Hammerer
Therese "Resi" Hammerer (18 February 1925 – 14 June 2010) was an Austrian alpine skier who competed in the 1948 Winter Olympics.

She was born in Mittelberg.

In 1948 she won the bronze medal in the downhill event. In the slalom competition she finished seventh and in the Alpine combined contest she finished twelfth.

Mittelberg
Mittelberg (Austrian German pronunciation: [ˈmɪtl̩bɛrɡ]) is a municipality and a village in the district of Bregenz in the Kleinwalsertal, in the Austrian state of Vorarlberg. It is accessible by road only from Germany.
2012–13 Top League Challenge Series
The 2012–13 Top League Challenge Series was the 2012–13 edition of the Top League Challenge Series, a second-tier rugby union competition in Japan, in which teams from regionalised leagues competed for promotion to the Top League for the 2013–14 season. The competition was contested from 9 December 2012 to 20 January 2013.

Coca-Cola West Red Sparks and Kubota Spears won promotion to the 2013–14 Top League, while Mitsubishi Sagamihara DynaBoars and Toyota Industries Shuttles progressed to the promotion play-offs.

Mie Honda Heat
Mie Honda Heat is a Japanese rugby union team based in Suzuka City, Mie Prefecture, Japan. The owner of the club is Honda Motor. (Suzuka is known for the Suzuka Circuit and the presence of car companies. Conveniently, the team uses Suzuka to jog on as part of their training programme.)

They play in the Japan Rugby League One, the top tier of Japan's rugby union hierarchy.

In 2011–12, Honda Heat were relegated to regional events for 2012–13. Winning 2 and drawing 1 of their 13 games in the regular season.

The team rebranded as Mie Honda Heat ahead of the rebranding of the Top League as the Japan Rugby League One in 2022.
Angammal
Angammal is a 2025 Indian Tamil-language drama film directed by Vipin Radhakrishnan and starring Geetha Kailasam in the titular role alongside Saran Shakthi, Thendral Raghunathan and Bharani.

The film was released on 19 October 2024 at MAMI. The film is scheduled to have a theatrical release on 5 December 2025.

Saran Shakthi
Saran Shakthi (born 5 May 1997) is an Indian actor, who primarily works in Tamil films. He made his film debut, as a child artist in Kadal (2013). Saran was a contestant in the television reality show Survivor Tamil 1 and was announced as the runner-up of the season.