hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
United States Navy in Vieques, Puerto Rico
The Vieques, Puerto Rico, Naval Training Range was a United States naval facility located on the island of Vieques, about 5 miles (8.0 km) east of mainland Puerto Rico. Starting in November 1941, the navy used the range for military exercises. Military operations ended in 2001, with the Navy completely leaving the area in 2003.

The operations were repeatedly protested by locals, for concerns related to the environmental damage and related health consequences caused by using the area for ordnance practice. These protests reached national attention during the Navy–Vieques protests in 1999. Upon the shutdown of the military operations, there was a cleanup process that was continuing into the mid 2010s and the ongoing cleanup costs were some of the most expensive decommissioned sites being cleaned up by the military. However, the landscape still is heavily contaminated with chemicals, depleted uranium and other  materials, especially in the former ordinance area.

Rigoberta Menchú
Rigoberta Menchú Tum (Spanish: [riɣoˈβeɾta menˈtʃu]; born 9 January 1959) is a K'iche' Guatemalan human rights activist, feminist, and Nobel Peace Prize laureate. Menchú has dedicated her life to publicizing the rights of Guatemala's Indigenous peoples during and after the Guatemalan Civil War (1960–1996), and to promoting Indigenous rights internationally.

She received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1992, was named a UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador in 1996, and received the Prince of Asturias Award in 1998. She is the subject of the testimonial biography I, Rigoberta Menchú (1983), and author of the autobiographical work Crossing Borders (1998). Menchú founded the country's first indigenous political party, Winaq, and ran as its candidate for president of Guatemala in the 2007 and 2011 presidential elections.
2021 Liga de Elite
The 2021 Liga de Elite was the 49th season of the Liga de Elite, the top Macanese league for association football clubs since its establishment in 1973. The season began on 12 March 2021 and ended on 14 November 2021.

Liga de Elite
Liga de Elite (lit. 'Elite League'; Chinese: 澳門甲組足球聯賽), previously known as Campeonato da 1ª Divisão do Futebol, is the top division of the Macau Football Association. Created in 1973, it features both local amateur players and professional foreign talent.

Due to the limited land area in Macau, matches are played almost exclusively at the Estádio Campo Desportivo and the Lin Fong Sports Centre. Similar to Hong Kong, the league operates under a separate system from the Mainland Chinese football league system. The season typically runs from January to July.
2009 Aaron's 312
The 2009 Aaron's 312 was a NASCAR Nationwide Series race held at Talladega Superspeedway in Lincoln, Alabama on April 25, 2009. The race was the 18th iteration of the event and the 8th race of the 2009 NASCAR Nationwide Series. Ryan Newman won the pole while Kyle Busch led the most laps. But it would be David Ragan who made a last lap pass against Newman and beat him by .030 seconds to score his first career Nationwide Series victory. But the race was most notable when Matt Kenseth flipped during the race.

Lincoln, Alabama
Lincoln is a city in Talladega County, Alabama, United States. It was incorporated in 1911. At the 2020 census, the population was 6,845. It was named for Major General Benjamin Lincoln, who served in the American army during the Revolutionary War.

The Talladega Superspeedway, the International Motorsports Hall of Fame and the Talladega Municipal Airport are all located in Lincoln.
HMS Shoreham
Five ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Shoreham after the port town of Shoreham-by-Sea in Sussex:

HMS Shoreham (1694) was a 32-gun fifth rate launched in 1694. She was rebuilt as a 20-gun sixth rate in 1720, and was sold in 1744.

HMS Shoreham (1744) was a 24-gun sixth rate launched in 1744 and sold in 1758.

HMS Shoreham was to have been a Hunt-class minesweeper, but she was renamed whilst under construction and launched as HMS Salford in 1919.

HMS Shoreham (L32) was a Shoreham-class sloop launched in 1930. She was sold into mercantile service in 1946 and renamed Jorge Fel Joven. She was broken up in 1950.

HMS Shoreham (M112) is a Sandown-class minehunter, she was launched in 2001 and is currently in service.

HMS Shoreham (M112)
HMS Shoreham was a Sandown-class minehunter of the British Royal Navy. She was the fifth vessel to bear the name. From 2018 to 2021, Shoreham was deployed at UKNSF Bahrain together with three other mine countermeasures ships as part of 9 Mine Countermeasures Squadron on Operation Kipion.

In 2022 she was decommissioned from the Royal Navy and transferred to Ukraine, where she in 2023 was commissioned into the Ukrainian Navy as Черкаси (transliterated Cherkasy), with pennant number M311.
Ash Mountain (British Columbia)
Ash Mountain is the highest summit in the Tuya Range of the Stikine Ranges in northcentral British Columbia, Canada, located immediately north of High Tuya Lake at the north end of Tuya Mountains Provincial Park. It is one of the six tuyas clustered close to Tuya Lake. The base of the volcano comprises pillow lava and hyaloclastite indicating that the volcano formed beneath ice or under a large lake. The volcano comprises loose debris as well as dikes of basaltic rock that intruded into the volcanic pile. Other tuyas in the area include Tuya Butte, South Tuya and Mathews Tuya, although most of the group of tuyas are unnamed.

Debris
Debris (UK: /ˈdɛbri, ˈdeɪbri/, US: /dəˈbriː/) is rubble, wreckage, ruins, litter and discarded garbage/refuse/trash, scattered remains of something destroyed, or, as in geology, large rock fragments left by a melting glacier, etc. Depending on context, debris can refer to a number of different things. The first apparent use of the French word in English is in a 1701 description of the army of Prince Rupert upon its retreat from a battle with the army of Oliver Cromwell, in England.
Yuichi Inoue
Yuichi Inoue (井上 有一, Inoue Yūichi; February 14, 1916 – June 15, 1985) was a Japanese artist known for his vibrant works of calligraphy, having been described as “one of the most distinguished calligraphers in the second half of 20th-century Japan.” He ignored the traditional conventions of sho (calligraphy) pioneering an abstract style that reached international recognition. He is most known for his single character pieces that often extend beyond the oversized paper they were created on. Several of his works are displayed in the permanent collection at the National Museum of Modern Art in Tokyo.

National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo
The National Museum of Modern Art, Tokyo (東京国立近代美術館, Tōkyō Kokuritsu Kindai Bijutsukan), also known as MOMAT, is the foremost museum collecting and exhibiting modern Japanese art. The museum, in Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan, is known for its collection of 20th-century art and includes Western-style and Nihonga artists. It has a branch, the National Crafts Museum, in the city of Kanazawa.
Gedeon (surname)
Gedeon is a name, derived from the prophet Gideon in the Hebrew Bible's Book of Judges. It is the surname of:

Ben Gedeon (born 1994), American football player

Daizy Gedeon (born 1965), Australian-Lebanese journalist and filmmaker

Elmer Gedeon (1917–1944), American track-and field athlete, baseball player and World War II bomber pilot

Ghassan Gedeon-Achi (born 1993), Lebanese–Canadian alpine skier

Jean Gedeon (born 1946), American ballerina, ballet teacher and artistic director

Joe Gedeon (1893–1941), American baseball player

Louis Gedeon (1877–1950), U.S. Army sergeant

Patrik Gedeon (born 1975), Czech national team football player

Saša Gedeon (born 1970), Czech film director

Veronica Gedeon (1917–1937), American model

Wolfgang Gedeon (born 1947), German conspiracy theorist and politician

Ben Gedeon
Benjamin Gedeon (born October 16, 1994) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Michigan Wolverines and was selected by the Minnesota Vikings in the fourth round of the 2017 NFL draft. He played for the Vikings for four seasons, with his last season being in 2020.
Kundby
Kundby is a small town, with a population of 706 (1 January 2025), located in Holbæk Municipality on the northwestern part of Zealand in Region Zealand, Denmark. It is located within Kundby Church District (sogn) four km south of Gislinge and 15 km west of Holbæk. In 2016, the town became well known for being the planning site of an unsuccessful terrorist attack.

Holbæk
Holbæk (Danish pronunciation: [ˈhʌlˀpek]) is a town in Denmark and the seat of Holbæk municipality with a population of 30,903 (1 January 2025). It is located in the northwestern part of Region Sjælland, Denmark.

Holbæk is located on Zealand, on the banks of Holbæk Fjord, an inlet of the larger Isefjord. Holbæk is a commercial and industrial center for the surrounding area. By rail, Holbæk is served by Danske Statsbaner's line from Roskilde to Kalundborg, which runs through the city. Vestsjællands Lokalbaner connects Holbæk by rail to Nykøbing Sjælland. The city is a major hub for the Movia bus routes. Holbæk has an active commercial seaport that serves as the harbor for the ferry to Orø (island). Near the harbor there is a substantial marina.
Iva Bittová
Iva Bittová (born 22 July 1958) is a Czech avant-garde violinist, singer, and composer. She began her career as an actor in the mid-1970s, appearing in several Czech feature films, but switched to playing violin and singing in the early 1980s. She started recording in 1986 and by 1990 her unique vocal and instrumental technique gained her international recognition. Since then, she has performed regularly throughout Europe, the United States and Japan, and has released over eight solo albums.

In addition to her musical career, Bittová has continued acting and still occasionally appears in feature films. In 2003 she played the part of Zena in Želary, a film nominated for Best Foreign Language Film at the 2004 Academy Awards.

ECM Records
ECM (Edition of Contemporary Music) is an independent record label founded by Karl Egger, Manfred Eicher and Manfred Scheffner in Munich in 1969. While ECM is best known for jazz music, the label has released a variety of recordings, and ECM's artists often refuse to acknowledge boundaries between genres. ECM's motto is "the most beautiful sound next to silence", taken from a 1971 review of ECM releases in Coda, a Canadian jazz magazine.

ECM has been distributed in the U.S. by Warner Bros. Records, PolyGram Records, BMG, and, since 1999, Universal Music, the successor of PolyGram, worldwide. Its album covers were profiled in two books: Sleeves of Desire and Windfall Light, both published by Lars Müller.
EIF2B
eIF2B is a protein complex found in eukaryotes. It is the guanine nucleotide exchange factor for the eukaryotic initiation factor 2 and therefore converts the inactive eIF2-GDP to the active eIF2-GTP. This activation is hindered by phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eIF2, which leads to a stable eIF2α-P-GDP-eIF2B complex and therefore inhibits translation initiation.

Human genes which encode eIF-2B proteins include:

EIF2B1 – alpha subunit (26kDa)

EIF2B2 – beta subunit (39kDa)

EIF2B3 – gamma subunit (58kDa)

EIF2B4 – delta subunit (67kDa)

EIF2B5 – epsilon subunit (82kDa)

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor
Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) are proteins or protein domains that activate monomeric GTPases by stimulating the release of guanosine diphosphate (GDP) to allow binding of guanosine triphosphate (GTP).  A variety of unrelated structural domains have been shown to exhibit guanine nucleotide exchange activity. Some GEFs can activate multiple GTPases while others are specific to a single GTPase.
Sunil Abraham
Sunil Abraham is an Indian technology policy analyst and free software advocate, and the director of public policy at Facebook India. He was formerly an endowed professor at ArtEZ University of Arts and the co-founder and executive director of the Centre for Internet and Society. He is a  board member of Open Society Foundations. and  an honorary steward at Shuttleworth Foundation. He joined Facebook in October 2020 to lead their Public Policy division in India.

Shuttleworth Foundation
The Shuttleworth Foundation was established in January 2001 by South African entrepreneur Mark Shuttleworth as an experiment with the purpose of providing funding for people engaged in social change. While there have been various iterations of the foundation, its structure and how it invests in social innovation, the current model employs a fellowship model where fellows are given funding commensurate with their experience to match a year's salary, allowing them to spend that year developing a particular idea. The Foundation announced that it is shutting itself down "by the beginning of 2024."

Notable past and present fellows include Marcin Jakubowski (who develops the Open Source Ecology project), Rufus Pollock (co-founder of the Open Knowledge Foundation) and Mark Surman (now Executive Director of Mozilla Foundation.)
2024–25 Niagara Purple Eagles men's ice hockey season
The 2024–25 Niagara Purple Eagles men's ice hockey season was the 29th season of play for the program, the 27th at the Division I level and the 1st in Atlantic Hockey America. The Purple Eagles represented Niagara University in the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season, played their homes games at the Dwyer Arena and were coached by Jason Lammers in his 8th season.

2024–25 Atlantic Hockey America men's season
The 2024–25 Atlantic Hockey America men's season was the inaugural season of play for Atlantic Hockey America and took place during the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season. The season began on October 4, 2024, and concluded on March 28, 2024, with Bentley losing in the Manchester Regional Semifinal of the NCAA tournament.

This is the only Atlantic Hockey America season, and last Division I season, for American International, which had been a member of AHA's men's predecessor of the Atlantic Hockey Association for that league's entire existence. On November 11, 2024, American International College announced that its men's hockey team would join the bulk of AIC's other sports in the Northeast-10 Conference, which plays the sport under NCAA Division II regulations and does not participate in the Division I championship.
Jason Rakers
Jason Paul Rakers (born June 29, 1973) is an American former professional baseball player. A pitcher, Rakers played for the Cleveland Indians in 1998 and 1999, and the Kansas City Royals in 2000. He last played professional baseball in 2003 with both the Akron Aeros and Buffalo Bisons.

A native of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Rakers attended the University of Pittsburgh and New Mexico State University. In 1993, he played collegiate summer baseball with the Brewster Whitecaps of the Cape Cod Baseball League. He was selected by the Indians in the 25th round of the 1995 MLB draft.

Brewster Whitecaps
The Brewster Whitecaps are a collegiate summer baseball team based in Brewster, Massachusetts. The team is a member of the Cape Cod Baseball League (CCBL) and plays in the league's East Division. The Whitecaps play their home games at Stony Brook Field on the campus of Stony Brook Elementary School in Brewster.

The Whitecaps most recently won the CCBL championship in 2021 when they defeated the Bourne Braves two games to none to win the best of three championship series. The title was the third in team history, having won previously in 2000 and 2017. Since the club's inception, over 100 players have gone on to play in Major League Baseball.
2009–10 Biathlon World Cup
The 2009–10 Biathlon World Cup was a multi-race tournament over a season of biathlon, organised by the International Biathlon Union. The season started 2 December 2009 in Östersund, Sweden and ended 28 March 2010 with the  Mixed Relay World Championships in Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia. Races of the season were broadcast in Europe on Eurosport channel.

Khanty-Mansiysk
Khanty-Mansiysk (Russian: Ха́нты-Манси́йск; Khanty: Ёмвоҷ, Jomvoćś; Mansi: Абга, Abga) is a city in west-central Siberia in Russia. Technically, it is situated on the eastern bank of the Irtysh River, 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) from its confluence with the Ob, in the oil-rich region of Western Siberia. Though it is an independent city, Khanty-Mansiysk also functions as the administrative centre of Khanty-Mansiysky District, and the administrative center of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug–Yugra.

With 101,466 estimated inhabitants, Khanty-Mansiysk is among Russia's few regional capitals that are not the largest cities in their surrounding area, as it is surpassed in population by Surgut, Nizhnevartovsk and Nefteyugansk.
Kahelelani
Kahelelani (born in the late 17th century) was the first ali'i of the island of Niʻihau, Hawaii; he was the son of High Chief Kanehuanui and High Chiefess Kaluahineloa. The small shells used in Ni'ihau lei are named after him.

Kahelelani came from the royal Kaʻulamakaʻula line ("the red bloodline"). Kahelelani's royal lineage and descendants rest in the Ka’iwiahuʻulaonaaliʻi bloodline, who today live within the Kanahele ʻohana.

Lei (garland)
A lei (/leɪ/) is a garland or wreath common in Polynesia and the Philippines. More loosely defined, a lei is any series of objects strung together with the intent to be worn. Lei of various styles are given as gifts to honour people throughout the Pacific, being presented, for example, to visiting dignitaries, graduates, or to loved ones who are departing.

Lei gained popularity in the United States due to the common practice of presenting one to arriving or leaving tourists in Hawaiʻi. Sampaguita leis are also used in the Philippines for religious reasons, typically worn to their Anito or religious statues.
Abu al-Fawaris
Abu'l-Fawaris or Abu al-Fawaris ("Father of the Knights") is an Arabic honorific name and can refer to:

Abu'l-Fawaris Ahmad ibn Ali (957–987), last emir of the Ikhshidids

Abu'l-Fawaris Muhammad ibn Nasir al-Dawla (fl. 948–966), Hamdanid prince and general

Abu'l-Fawaris Qawam al-Dawla (1000–1028), Buyid ruler of Kerman

Abu'l-Fawaris Muhammad ibn Nasir al-Dawla
Abū'l-Fawāris Muḥammad ibn Nāṣir al-Dawla was a Hamdanid prince, active as a governor and general for his uncle, Sayf al-Dawla, Emir of Aleppo.

Abu'l-Fawaris Muhammad was one of the sons of Nasir al-Dawla, the Hamdanid emir of Mosul. In 337 AH (947/948 CE) his uncle, Sayf al-Dawla, appointed him as governor of his capital, Aleppo. In the next year, 949/950, he led an expedition against the Byzantine army that raided the environs of Antioch, but was defeated with heavy loss by the Byzantine general Leo Phokas the Younger.

In 959 he led another campaign against the Byzantines, but was captured with all of his officers and escort by Leo Phokas. He remained in captivity until the prisoner exchange of 23 June 966 at Samosata, when he was released along with other Hamdanid prisoners, including the celebrated poet Abu Firas al-Hamdani.
Nahmad
Nahmad is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

David Nahmad (born 1947), Monegasque billionaire art dealer

Ezra Nahmad (born 1945), Monegasque billionaire art dealer and collector

Joseph Nahmad (born 1990), American art dealer

Giuseppe Nahmad (1932–2012), Italian art dealer of Syrian Jewish descent

Helly Nahmad:
Helly Nahmad (London), British art dealer
Helly Nahmad (New York art collector), American art dealer

Ezra Nahmad
Ezra Nahmad (born 1945) was a Monegasque billionaire art dealer and collector of Syrian descent. He lives in Monte Carlo, Monaco. He lives in Monte Carlo, Monaco. Forbes estimates his net worth was US$1.8 billion in 2023.
Arthur Gossard
Arthur C. Gossard (June 18, 1935 – June 26, 2022) was a professor of materials and electrical engineering at the University of California, Santa Barbara. In 1982, he co-discovered the fractional quantum Hall effect. His research is related to molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). He has a doctorate in physics from UC Berkeley. After university, he joined Bell Labs.

In 1987, he was elected a member of the US National Academy of Engineering for contributions to the study of the physics of ultra-thin semiconducting layers through molecular beam epitaxy, leading to new physics and new devices. He was also a member of the US National Academy of Sciences.

In 2016, Gossard was named as a recipient of a National Medal of Technology and Innovation.
He died on June 26, 2022 at 87 years old.

National Medal of Technology and Innovation
The National Medal of Technology and Innovation (formerly the National Medal of Technology) is an honor granted by the president of the United States to American inventors and innovators who have made significant contributions to the development of new and important technology. The award may be granted to a specific person, to a group of people or to an entire organization or corporation. It is the highest honor the United States can confer to a U.S. citizen for achievements related to technological progress.
Charles McLean (rugby union)
Charles McLean MM (20 September 1892 – 7 March 1965) was a New Zealand rugby union player. A loose forward, McLean represented Buller at a provincial level, and was a member of the New Zealand national side, the All Blacks, in 1920. He played five matches for the All Blacks, scoring seven tries, but did not appear in any internationals.

McLean enlisted for military service in August 1914, and served with the New Zealand Expeditionary Force throughout World War I, including at Gallipoli. A private, he was awarded the Military Medal in 1918, for acts of gallantry in the field.

McLean died in Christchurch on 7 March 1965, and he was buried at Hokitika Cemetery.

Hokitika
Hokitika is a town in the West Coast region of New Zealand's South Island, 40 kilometres (25 mi) south of Greymouth, and close to the mouth of the Hokitika River. It is the seat and largest town in the Westland District. The town's estimated population is 3,420 as of June 2025.

On a clear day Aoraki / Mount Cook can clearly be seen from Hokitika's main street.
French Consulate
The Consulate (French: Consulat) was the top-level government of the First French Republic from the fall of the Directory in the coup of 18 Brumaire on 9 November 1799 until the start of the French Empire on 18 May 1804.

During this period, Napoleon Bonaparte, with his appointment as First Consul, established himself as the head of a more autocratic and centralised republican government in France while not declaring himself sole ruler. Due to the long-lasting institutions established during these years, Robert B. Holtman has called the consulate "one of the most important periods of all French history." By the end of this period, Bonaparte had engineered an authoritarian personal rule now viewed as a military dictatorship.

Military dictatorship
A military dictatorship is a type of dictatorship where supreme power is held and exercised by the armed forces. Military dictatorships are usually led by the commander-in-chief of the military or the leading figure in military junta. They are most often formed by military coups or by the empowerment of the military through a popular uprising in times of domestic unrest or instability. The military nominally seeks power to restore order or fight corruption, but the personal motivations of military officers will vary.

Modern military dictatorship developed in Latin America during the 19th century, and it expanded in Europe during the early-20th century. It saw a resurgence during the Cold War, and new military dictatorships were established in Africa, Asia, and Latin America in the 1960s. Some scholars have asserted that the number of military dictatorships has declined since the end of the Cold War.