hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Common Sense (Scottish magazine)
Common Sense was a magazine of left-wing theory published in Edinburgh, Scotland from 1987. It ceased publication in 1999. The creators of Common Sense aimed to be minimalist in its production.

Common Sense was the journal of the Edinburgh conference of Socialist Economics. The magazine produced articles along the lines of Open and Autonomist Marxism; its contents included articles from Italian leftists and some of John Holloway's earliest writings on the Zapatistas. It attempted to draw on the Common Sense school of Scottish Philosophy.

Well known leftist writers, like Holloway, Harry Cleaver, Toni Negri, George Caffentzis, Werner Bonefeld, and Richard Gunn wrote for the magazine. Holloway presented one essay he had contributed to the magazine at the Conference of Socialist Economics on 27 January 1990 on the topic of the Poll Tax.

The journal and the ideas it produced have influenced a number of later writers.

Social theory
Social theories are analytical frameworks, or paradigms, that are used to study and interpret social phenomena. A tool used by social scientists, social theories relate to historical debates over the validity and reliability of different methodologies (e.g. positivism and antipositivism), the primacy of either structure or agency, as well as the relationship between contingency and necessity. Social theory in an informal nature, or authorship based outside of academic social and political science, may be referred to as "social criticism" or "social commentary", or "cultural criticism" and may be associated both with formal cultural and literary scholarship, as well as other non-academic or journalistic forms of writing.
Tau'uta Reds
Tau'uta Reds is a former Tongan rugby union team that played in the Pacific Rugby Cup from 2006 to 2010. The other Tongan team in the Cup was Tautahi Gold.

The team's name is from the Tau’uta who were the Tongan land warriors that fought in the war which united Tonga as one kingdom. Red represents the colour of blood and the sacrifice which the saviour made on the cross for all mankind.

The Tau'uta Reds were minor premiers in 2007 and hosted the Pacific Rugby Cup final at Teufaiva Stadium in Nukuʻalofa on 5 May 2007, but lost the match 15–35 to Upolu Samoa.

Teufaiva Sport Stadium
Teufaiva Sport Stadium which was previously known as Tenefaira Field Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Nukuʻalofa, Tonga. It is used mostly for rugby union, football and rugby league and the Ikale Tahi team matches. The stadium holds 10,000 people. It is the home ground of the Tonga national rugby union team. Teufaiva is where the Secondary School sports in Tonga are held (every year).

The stadium fell into disrepair in the early 2000s and was unused for eight years. It was reopened after being refurbished in 2017, but badly damaged by Cyclone Gita just a few months later. It was re-opened again in 2019.

On the 4th of May 2024, Moana Pasifika, from the Super Rugby Pacific competition hosted their first game at the stadium against the Highlanders (Dunedin, New Zealand). The Highlanders won 28-17 in wet conditions. This made Tonga the 12th country to host a Super Rugby match.
Oral (song)
"Oral" is a song by Icelandic musician Björk featuring Spanish singer Rosalía. A charity single to protest against extensive open net pen fish farming in Iceland, it was released on 21 November 2023 through One Little Independent.

To prevent the opening of an industrial salmon farm in Iceland, and to campaign for new Icelandic legislation, Björk and Rosalía donated their rights to the income generated by "Oral" to the non-profit organization AEGIS, founded after it was revealed that there were repeated escapes of thousands of fish into the wild.

The song debuted at number 42 on the Hot Dance/Electronic Songs chart, becoming Björk's first entry on the chart.

On 10 April 2024, a remix of the song by Olof Dreijer was released on streaming services. It is Björk and Dreijer's second collaboration, after Country Creatures (2019).

One Little Independent Records
One Little Independent Records (formerly One Little Indian Records) is an English independent record label. It was founded in 1985 by former Flux of Pink Indians bassist Derek Birkett, his wife Sue Birkett and former Flux guitarist Tim Kelly. In the 1990s it set up a number of subsidiary labels.
Kalmyk Invasion of Kabardia (1644)
The Kalmyk Invasion of Kabardia (1644) was a mid-17th-century conflict in the North Caucasus between Kalmyk forces and the Kabardians supported by Nogais and many other Caucasian peoples. The campaign resulted in a decisive Kabardian victory, ending with heavy losses among the Kalmyks and the death of many of their leaders and commanders.

The conflict is considered as a important part of the Caucasian and Circassian history for illustrating the shifting political balance between the nomadic groups and Circassian polities during this period.

Kabardia
The Grand Principality of Great Kabarda, also known as East Circassia or Kabardia (Kabardian: Къэбэрдей), was a historical country in the North Caucasus corresponding partly to modern-day Kabardino-Balkaria. It existed as a political community from the fifteenth century until it came under Russian control in the early nineteenth century after the Russo-Circassian War.
In the Name of the Father (novel)
In the Name of the Father is the short first novel by award-winning Italian American writer Tony Ardizzone. First published in 1978, the novel is a minimalist work and is the coming-of-age story of Tonto Schwartz. The novel placed Ardizzone amongst the ranks of minimalist writers like Raymond Carver and Ann Beattie, though his later work was not minimalist.

Ann Beattie
Ann Beattie (born September 8, 1947) is an American novelist and short story writer. She has received an award for excellence from the American Academy and Institute of Arts and Letters and the PEN/Malamud Award for excellence in the short story form.
Mohd Fared Mohd Khalid
Mohd Fared bin Mohd Khalid is a Malaysian politician and lawyer who has served as Member of the Johor State Executive Council (EXCO) in the Barisan Nasional (BN) state administration under Menteri Besar Onn Hafiz Ghazi and Member of the Johor State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Semerah since March 2022. He is a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the BN coalition.

Semerah (state constituency)
Semerah is a state constituency in Johor, Malaysia, that is represented in the Johor State Legislative Assembly.

The state constituency was first contested in 1986 and is mandated to return a single Assemblyman to the Johor State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system.
Government Secretariat
The Government Secretariat (Chinese: 政府總部) is the collective administrative headquarters of the Government of Hong Kong. It is collectively formed by the offices of the Chief Secretary and of the Financial Secretary as well as thirteen policy bureaux.

The offices are officially known as "Government Secretariat: Offices of the Chief Secretary for Administration and the Financial Secretary", and the bureaux are officially known as "[Portfolio] Bureau, Government Secretariat" or "Government Secretariat: [Portfolio] Bureau".

Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau
The Financial Services and the Treasury Bureau (FSTB) is a part of the 15 policy bureaux for the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.  They are responsible for developing and executing government policy on finance and treasury.  The agency was established on 1 July 2002.  The current (since 1 July 2017) Secretary for Financial Services and the Treasury is Christopher Hui and the under secretary is Joseph Chan.
Amya, Hama
Amya (Arabic: العمية)  is a Syrian village located in Al-Saan Subdistrict in Salamiyah District, Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Amya had a population of 366 in the 2004 census.

Al-Saan Subdistrict
Al-Saan Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية السعن)  is a Syrian nahiyah (subdistrict) located in Salamiyah District in Hama.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Al-Saan Subdistrict had a population of 14,366 in the 2004 census.
1970 British Speedway Championship
The 1970 British Speedway Championship was the 10th edition of the British Speedway Championship. The final took place on 9 June at West Ham Stadium in London, England. The Championship was won by Ivan Mauger.

The British Under 21 Championship was won by Barry Thomas.

Barry Thomas (speedway rider)
Barry John Thomas (born 29 October 1951, Harrow, Middlesex) is a former motorcycle speedway rider. He spent 20 consecutive seasons at the Hackney Wick Stadium and earned 26 international caps for the England national speedway team.
Haunted Junction
Haunted Junction (Japanese: HAUNTEDじゃんくしょん, Hepburn: Hōnteddo Jankushon) is a comedy anime and manga series created by Nemu Mukudori. The manga was serialized in the monthly manga magazine Dengeki Comic Gao! by MediaWorks from 1996 to 2001.  The anime, produced by Bandai Visual and Studio Deen, aired between 2 April 1997 and 25 June 1997.

Serial (literature)
In literature, a serial is a printing or publishing format by which a single larger work, often a work of narrative fiction, is published in smaller, sequential installments. The installments are also known as numbers, parts, fascicules or fascicles, and may be released either as separate publications or within sequential issues of a periodical publication, such as a magazine or newspaper.

Serialisation can also begin with a single short story that is subsequently turned into a series.  Historically, such series have been published in periodicals. Popular short-story series are often published together in book form as collections.
2012 Ginetta GT Supercup
The 2012 Ginetta GT Supercup is a multi-event, one make GT motor racing championship held across England and Scotland. The championship features a mix of professional racing teams and privately funded drivers, competing in Ginetta G55 or Ginetta G50 cars that conform to the technical regulations. It forms part of the extensive program of support categories built around the BTCC centrepiece.

This season marks the second Ginetta GT Supercup, having rebranded from the Ginetta G50 Cup, which ran from 2008 to 2010.

British Touring Car Championship
The British Touring Car Championship (BTCC), officially known as the Kwik Fit British Touring Car Championship for sponsorship reasons, is a touring car racing series held each year in the United Kingdom, currently organised and administered by TOCA. It was established in 1958 as the British Saloon Car Championship and was renamed as the British Touring Car Championship for the 1987 season. It is one of the oldest, most popular and most prestigious touring car series in the world. The championship, currently running Next Generation Touring Car regulations, has been run to various national and international regulations over the years including FIA Group 2, FIA Group 5, FIA Group 1, FIA Group A, FIA Super Touring and FIA Super 2000. A lower-key Group N class for production cars ran from 2000 until 2003.
Brochiloricaria macrodon
Brochiloricaria macrodon is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Loricariidae and the subfamily Loricariinae, the armored catfishes. This catfish is found in South America, where it is endmeic to the basin of the Paraguay River in Brazil, where it has only been recorded four times, three of which have now been inundated by the Manso Dam. However, much of the area is in its natural state, and the IUCN classify this species as Least Concern. B. macrodon has a maximum recorded standard length of 28.6 cm (11.3 in)>

Paraguay River
The Paraguay River (Ysyry Paraguái in Guarani, Rio Paraguai in Portuguese, Río Paraguay in Spanish) is a major river in south-central South America, running through Brazil and Paraguay and forming parts of the Paraguay-Argentina, Brazil-Bolivia, and Brazil-Paraguay borders. It flows about 2,621 kilometres (1,629 mi) from its headwaters in the Brazilian state of Mato Grosso to its confluence with the Paraná River north of Corrientes and Resistencia.
Fabio Campana
Fabio Campana (14 January 1819 – 2 February 1882) was an Italian composer, opera director, conductor, and singing teacher who composed eight operas which premiered between 1838 and 1869. He was born in Livorno, the city where his first two operas premiered, but in the early 1850s he settled in London. There he opened a famous singing school, conducted concerts, and continued his reputation as a prolific and popular composer of art songs and concert arias. His last opera, Esmeralda, premiered in Saint Petersburg in 1869, followed by London performances in 1870 with Adelina Patti in the title role. Campana died in London at the age of 63. Although his operas are no longer performed, his art songs can be heard on several modern recordings.

Joan Sutherland
Dame Joan Alston Sutherland (7 November 1926 – 10 October 2010) was an Australian dramatic coloratura soprano known for her contribution to the renaissance of the bel canto repertoire from the late 1950s to the 1980s.

She possessed a voice combining agility, accurate intonation, pinpoint staccatos, a trill and a strong upper register, although music critics complained about her poor diction.

Sutherland was the first Australian to win a Grammy Award, for the year 1961 Best Classical Performance – Vocal Soloist (with or without orchestra) presented in 1962.

She was known as La Stupenda (Italian for 'The Stupendous One') and is widely regarded as one of the greatest sopranos of all time.
Newspaper of record
A newspaper of record is a major national newspaper with large circulation whose editorial and news-gathering functions are considered authoritative and independent; they are thus "newspapers of record by reputation" and include some of the oldest and most widely respected newspapers in the world. The number and trend of "newspapers of record by reputation" is related to the state of press freedom and political freedom in a country.

It may also be a newspaper authorized to publish public or legal notices, thus serving as a newspaper of public record. A newspaper whose editorial content is directed by the state can be referred to as an official newspaper of record, but the lack of editorial independence means that it is not a "newspaper of record by reputation". Newspapers of record by reputation that focus on business can also be called newspapers of financial record.

Editorial
An editorial, or leading article (UK) or leader (UK), is an article or any other written document, often unsigned, written by the senior editorial people or publisher of a newspaper or magazine, that expresses the publication's opinion about a particular topic or issue. Australian and major United States newspapers, such as The New York Times and The Boston Globe, often classify editorials under the heading "opinion".
Menegazzia dispora
Menegazzia dispora is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), foliose lichen from South America. It was first formally described in an 1876 publication of James Crombie, with authorship attributed to Finnish lichenologist William Nylander. The type specimen was collected as part of a scientific expedition to South America conducted on the Royal Navy survey vessel HMS Nassau. Rolf Santesson transferred it to the genus Menegazzia in 1942.

Lichen products that occur in Menegazzia dispora include atranorin, chloroatranorin, hypostictic acid, hypoconstictic acid, and α-acetylhypoconstictic acid.

Atranorin
Atranorin is a chemical substance produced by some species of lichen. It is a secondary metabolite belonging to a group of compounds known as depsides. Atranorin has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, cytotoxic, antioxidant, antiviral, and immunomodulatory properties. In rare cases, people can have an allergic reaction to atranorin.
Tennessee Pass
Tennessee Pass elevation 10,424 ft (3,177 m) is a high mountain pass in the Rocky Mountains of central Colorado in the United States. The pass was named after Tennessee, the native state of a group of early prospectors.

Eagle River (Colorado)
The Eagle River is a tributary of the Colorado River, approximately 60.5 miles (97.4 km) long, in west central Colorado in the United States.

It rises in southeastern Eagle County, at the continental divide, and flows northwest past Gilman, Minturn, Avon. Near Wolcott, it turns west, flowing past Eagle and Gypsum, and joins the Colorado at Dotsero, in western Eagle County.

Its flow ranges from 200 cu ft/s (5.7 m3/s) in late summer of dry years to 7,000 cu ft/s (200 m3/s) during spring runoff.

Acid mine drainage from the abandoned Eagle Mine has entered the river.
Maurice Dallimore
Maurice Albert Dallimore (23 June 1912 – 20 February 1973) was an English actor who lived and worked mostly in the United States. Most noted for portraying proper British character roles, he appeared as a regular or recurring character on many TV shows which included such series as  77 Sunset Strip, The Jack Benny Show, the ABC-TV series Honey West, McHale's Navy, the ABC-TV series Batman, where he appeared as Superintendent Watson, I Dream of Jeannie, The Monkees and Fair Exchange. He appeared in an episode of The Tab Hunter Show in 1961. In 1965, he appeared on Petticoat Junction, playing Faversham in the episode "The Butler Did It". He also appeared in an episode of the Rifleman.

Dallimore died in Hollywood, California on 20 February 1973, of Laennec's cirrhosis. He was 60 years old.  Maurice married Gertrude Bernice Larson 1909-1970 on 2 June 1961 in Middlebury Connecticut. She was the daughter of Andrew Larson 1876-1937 and Sarah Bryan 1878-1947.

McHale's Navy
McHale's Navy is an American sitcom starring Ernest Borgnine that aired 138 half-hour episodes over four seasons, from October 11, 1962, to April 12, 1966, on the ABC television network. The series was filmed in black and white and originated from a one-hour drama titled "Seven Against the Sea", broadcast on April 3, 1962, as part of the Alcoa Premiere anthology series. The ABC series spawned three feature films: McHale's Navy (1964); a sequel, McHale's Navy Joins the Air Force (1965); and a 1997 sequel-remake of the original series.
Tawfikia station
Tawfikia is a station in the Cairo University branch of Cairo Metro Line 3, which was opened on 15 May 2024 as part of Phase 3C of the line. It is located in the intersection between El-Rashid and Ahmed Oraby streets in the Mohandiseen district in Giza. It is intended to serve a nearby large railway station. It is an underground station with access to the platforms provided by stairs, elevators and escalators.

Mohandiseen
Mohandiseen (Egyptian Arabic: المهندسين, romanized: Al-Mohandisīn, lit. 'The Engineers', pronounced [almohændɪˈsiːn]) is a major 1940s sub-division project originally named Madinat al-Awqaf, and made up most of the Wasat (middle) district in the city of Giza, before being divided in 1997 into the districts of Agouza (covers most of the district) and Dokki (Covers half of the district). Al-Mohandessin in Arabic literally means the engineers, after one of the sub-districts that was sold to the Engineers' Syndicate cooperative, and becoming the colloquial name for most of the Agouza side.
101st (Northumbrian) Regiment Royal Artillery
101 (Northumbrian) Medium Regiment Royal Artillery is part of the Army Reserve and has sub units throughout the north east as well as one sub unit in Leeds, West Yorkshire. It is equipped with M270 Multiple Launch Rocket System (MLRS).

South Shields
South Shields (/ʃiːlz/) is a coastal port town in South Tyneside, Tyne and Wear, England; it lies on the south bank of the mouth of the River Tyne. The town was known in Roman times as Arbeia and as Caer Urfa by the Early Middle Ages. It is the fourth largest settlement in Tyne and Wear, after Newcastle upon Tyne, Sunderland and Gateshead; in 2021, it had a population of 75,337.

Historically within the county of Durham, South Shields is south of North Shields and Tynemouth across the River Tyne; and east of Newcastle upon Tyne and Jarrow.
NGC 2770
NGC 2770 is a spiral galaxy in the northern constellation of Lynx, near the northern constellation border with Cancer. It was discovered by German-born astronomer William Herschel on December 7, 1785. J. L. E. Dreyer described it as, "faint, large, much extended 150°, mottled but not resolved, 2 stars to north". NGC 2770 was the target for the first binocular image produced by the Large Binocular Telescope.

The morphological classification of SBc indicates a barred spiral with moderately-wound arms. The physical properties of this galaxy are similar to those of the Milky Way. The combined mass of stars in the galaxy is estimated at 2.1×1010 M☉, and it has a star formation rate of ~1.1 M☉ y−1. There are no apparent perturbations of the galaxy due to suspected interaction with the companion galaxy, NGC 2770B.

Cancer (constellation)
Cancer is one of the twelve constellations of the zodiac and is located in the Northern celestial hemisphere. Its name is Latin for crab and it is commonly represented as one. Cancer is a medium-size constellation with an area of 506 square degrees and its stars are rather faint, its brightest star Beta Cancri having an apparent magnitude of 3.5. It contains ten stars with known planets, including 55 Cancri, which has five: one super-Earth and four gas giants, one of which is in the habitable zone and as such has expected temperatures similar to Earth. At the (angular) heart of this sector of our celestial sphere is Praesepe (Messier 44), one of the closest open clusters to Earth and a popular target for amateur astronomers.
Qusqu Qhawarina (Quispicanchi)
Qusqu Qhawarina (Quechua qusqu boundary stone; nucleus; navel; heap of earth and stones; bed, dry bed of a lake, Qusqu Cusco (a city), qhawarina, qhawana viewpoint, here translated to "boundary stone viewpoint", Hispanicized spelling Cusco Jahuarina) is a 4,145-metre-high (13,599 ft) mountain in the Cusco Region in Peru. It is situated in the Quispicanchi Province, on the border of the districts of Andahuaylillas and Lucre.
Qusqu Qhawarina lies on the left bank of the Willkanuta River, northeast of a mountain named Saywa (Quechua for boundary stone, landmark).

Urubamba River
The Urubamba River or Vilcamayo River (possibly from Quechua Willkamayu, for "sacred river") is a river in Peru. Upstream it is called Vilcanota River (possibly from Aymara Willkanuta, for "house of the sun"). Within the La Convención Province, the name changes to Urubamba. A partially navigable headwater of the Amazon River, the Urubamba rises in the Andes to the southeast of Cusco. It originates on the slopes of Cunurana in the Puno Region, Melgar Province, near the La Raya pass. It flows north-north-west for 724 km (450 mi) before coalescing with the Tambo River to form the Ucayali River.

The Urubamba is divided into the Upper Urubamba and the Lower Urubamba, the dividing feature being the Pongo de Mainique, an infamous whitewater canyon, where the river narrows to a width of 45 metres (148 ft).
Saint-Roch-de-l'Achigan
Saint-Roch-de-l'Achigan is a municipality located in the Montcalm Regional County Municipality, in the Lanaudière region of Quebec, Canada. It is on the banks of the Achigan River, a tributary of the L'Assomption River. According to the town's website, the population is approximately 5,400 and growing steadily as a result of the suburban sprawl in the North Shore of Greater Montreal.

Lanaudière
Lanaudière (French pronunciation: [lanodjɛʁ], locally [lanod͡zjaɛ̯ʁ]) is one of the seventeen administrative regions of Quebec, Canada, situated immediately to the northeast of Montreal. It has a total population (2016 Census) of 494,796 inhabitants, an increase of 4.9% over the 2011 census.