hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Museum of Economic Botany
The Museum of Economic Botany, formerly known as Santos Museum of Economic Botany, is a museum of economic botany located in the Adelaide Botanic Garden, Adelaide, Australia. Opened in 1881, the museum is the only remaining museum of its kind in Australia.

Economic botany
Economic botany is the study of the relationship between people (individuals and cultures) and plants. Economic botany intersects many fields including established disciplines such as agronomy, anthropology, archaeology, chemistry, economics, ethnobotany, ethnology, forestry, genetic resources, geography, geology, horticulture, medicine, microbiology, nutrition, pharmacognosy, and pharmacology. This link between botany and anthropology explores the ways humans use plants for food, medicines, and commerce.
Emilio Bello Codesido
Emilio Bello Codesido (13 July 1868 – 3 March 1963) was a Chilean lawyer, diplomat, deputy and President of the Government Junta that ruled Chile in 1925.

He was the son of Andrés Ricardo Bello, and grandson of Andrés Bello, who authored the Civil Code of Chile. He did his early studies at the Colegio inglés, the Instituto Nacional and the Universidad de Chile, graduating as a lawyer in 1889. Due to his support of president José Manuel Balmaceda during the 1891 Chilean Civil War, he was forced to exile himself. He later was allowed to return and organized the Liberal Democratic Party in Valparaíso. He was several times minister and ambassador to Bolivia and Mexico.

After the military coup of 1925, he was elected president of a Government Junta, composed of General Pedro Dartnell and Vice Admiral Carlos Ward, while expecting the return of the constitutional president, Arturo Alessandri Palma. He continued a very active political career until his death.

Liberal Democratic Party (Chile, 1893)
The Liberal Democratic Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal Democrático, PLD), also called Balmacedists, was a liberal party in Chile. It was one of the main actors of the Chilean parliamentary system from 1891 to 1925.
Miss Grand Belgium 2023
Miss Grand Belgium 2023 was the third edition of the Miss Grand Belgium pageant, held at the AED Studios in Lint, Belgium, on 25 June 2023. Eight candidates who qualified through the casting process competed for the title, of whom a nineteen-year-old professional model and social worker with Angolan decedent from Liège, Albertina Rodrigues, was elected the winner. Rodrigues then represented the country at the international pageant, Miss Grand International 2022, held in Vietnam in October 2023, but was unplaced.

The pageant was held in parallel with the Mister International Belgium 2023 pageant, in which the winner competed at the Mister International 2023 pageant, held on 17 September, in Bangkok, Thailand.

Miss Grand Belgium
Miss Grand Belgium is an annual Belgian female beauty pageant based in Lint, Belgium. It was founded in 2021 by the event organizer, CC Productions, which is managed by Nepali businessperson Carolyn Collinda. The contest winners represent Belgium at its parent international platform, Miss Grand International.

Previously, Belgium representatives at the Miss Grand International pageant were appointed by different licensees, but none of them placed at the aforementioned international pageant at that time; until Jane Baesen of 2025 became the first Belgian to be placed, securing her position in the Top 22.
CWR
CWR can refer to:

California Western Railroad

Consolidated Weaponized Robotics now known as Consolidated Robotics

Connecticut Western Reserve

Continuous welded rail, a modern way of installing rails for railway tracks.

BBC Coventry & Warwickshire, a radio station in England.

Crop wild relative, a wild plant closely related to a domesticated plant

CWR (formerly Crusade for World Revival), a Christian ministry founded by Selwyn Hughes

Canadian Wrestling Revolution, a Canadian professional wrestling promotion based in Toronto

Common Works Registration, International format for work registration of the Confédération Internationale des Sociétés d'Auteurs et Compositeurs (CISAC)

China Weekly Review

CWR Magazine, an online Christian bimonthly replacing The Plain Truth published by Plain Truth Ministries

The Catholic World Report

The Churchill War Rooms in London (SW1)

Cholsey and Wallingford Railway, a heritage railway in the English county of Oxfordshire

BBC CWR
BBC CWR (Coventry & Warwickshire Radio) is the BBC's local radio station serving Coventry and Warwickshire.

It broadcasts on FM, DAB, digital TV, and via BBC Sounds from studios at Priory Place in Coventry city centre.

According to RAJAR, the station has a weekly audience of 67,000 listeners as of May 2025.
Juárez Gallos de Pelea
The Juarez Gallos de Pelea are a Mexican basketball team that has competed in various leagues in the United States and Mexico since 2000. The team won a Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional championship in 2001.

In 2003-2004, the Juarez Gallos were a Mexican franchise in the American Basketball Association (finishing in third place with an 18 win, 12 loss record), but left the league the following year (many sources show the team with an official record of zero wins, zero losses in the final 2004-2005 league standings). In 2007, the team joined the Texas Pro Basketball League.

Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional
The National Professional Basketball League (Spanish: Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional or LNBP), officially known as the Liga Caliente LNBP for sponsorship reasons, is the top professional basketball league in Mexico. The league was founded in 2000 with 10 teams.

Notable basketball players who have played in the league include Jamario Moon, Dennis Rodman and Sun Mingming, among many others.
Nancy Weatherly Sharp
Nancy Weatherly Sharp was an American academic and author. She was an associate dean for graduate and professional studies as well as a professor of newspaper journalism at Syracuse University.

Sharp is most known for her work in the fields of communication and journalism. Among her authored works are her publications in academic journals, including American Behavioral Scientist as well as books such as Faculty Women in Journalism and Mass Communications: Problems and Progress and Communications Research: The Challenge of the Information Age. Additionally, she held the distinction of being Syracuse University's inaugural female mace bearer.

American Behavioral Scientist
American Behavioral Scientist is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes papers in the fields of social and behavioral sciences. The managing editor is Laura Lawrie. It was established in 1957 by Alfred de Grazia and is currently published by SAGE Publications, who acquired the journal from de Grazia.
Southwark College
Southwark College is a further education college located in the London Borough of Southwark. The college at one time had seven sites; it is now based at a building on The Cut, opposite Southwark tube station. The college has been part of Newcastle College Group since 2017.

London Borough of Southwark
The London Borough of Southwark (/ˈsʌðərk/ ⓘ SUDH-ərk) in South London forms part of Inner London and is connected by bridges across the River Thames to the City of London and the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It was created in 1965 when three smaller council areas were amalgamated under the London Government Act 1963. All districts of the area are within the London postal district. It is governed by Southwark London Borough Council.

The part of the South Bank within the borough is home to London Bridge terminus station and the attractions of The Shard, Tate Modern, Shakespeare's Globe and Borough Market that are the largest of the venues in Southwark to draw domestic and international tourism. Dulwich is home to the Dulwich Picture Gallery and the Imperial War Museum is in Elephant and Castle. Major districts include Bermondsey, Rotherhithe, Peckham, Camberwell, and Dulwich.
Muthiah Bhagavatar
Harikesanallur Muthiah Bhagavatar (15 November 1877 – 30 June 1945), commonly known as Muthiah Bhagavatar, is one of Carnatic classical music's famous twentieth-century composers. He also created about 20 ragas.

Kriti (music)
A kriti (Sanskrit: कृति, lit. 'kṛti') is a form of musical composition in the Carnatic music literature. The Sanskrit common noun Kriti means 'creation' or 'work'.

A kriti forms the mental backbone of any typical Carnatic music concert and is the longer format of a Carnatic song.
Gertrude Yorkes
Gertrude Yorkes (self-referred to as Arsenic), is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. She was created by author Brian K. Vaughan and artist Adrian Alphona, and debuted in Runaways #1 with most of the other main characters. Like every member of the original Runaways, she is the child of evil villains with special abilities; in her case, time-travellers.

Gertrude, often called "Gert" for short, is often regarded as the most "book-smart" of the Runaways yet also the most sarcastic and cynical. She has socialist leanings and is a secular Jew. Gert is known for her sarcastic one-liners, glasses, and purple-dyed hair. She stands at a rough height of 5'1" and weighs 125 lb (57 kg).

In 2008, Marvel.com named Gert's death as the sixth out of ten best deaths in Marvel Comics history.

Gert Yorkes was portrayed by Ariela Barer in the Hulu Marvel Cinematic Universe television series Runaways.

Sarcasm
Sarcasm is the caustic use of words, often in a humorous way, to mock someone or something. Sarcasm may employ ambivalence, and is also commonly associated with, though it does not necessarily contain, irony. Most noticeable in speech, sarcasm is mainly distinguished by the inflection with which it is spoken or, with an undercurrent of irony, by the extreme disproportion of the comment to the situation, and is largely context-dependent.
Marko Savić (footballer)
Marko Savić (Serbian Cyrillic: Марко Савић; born 19 July 1984) is a Serbian professional football coach and a former player.

He previously played for some minor Serbian clubs, Grafičar Beograd, Žarkovo and Mladi Obilić before moving to Bosnia to play with FK Sarajevo. Between 2006 and 2009 he played in Bulgaria, first with FC Rilski Sportist Samokov in 2006-07, and later with Spartak Varna between 2007 and 2009. In summer 2009, he returned to Serbia and signed with former top league club FK Radnički Obrenovac.

FK Radnički Obrenovac
FK Radnički Obrenovac (Serbian Cyrillic: ФК Раднички Обреновац) is a football club based in Obrenovac, Belgrade, Serbia. They compete in the Serbian League Belgrade, the third tier of the national league system.
Þistilfjörður
Þistilfjörður (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈθɪstɪlˌfjœrðʏr̥] ⓘ; sometimes anglicised as Thistilfjördur) is a bay in northeast Iceland, between the Rifstangi and Langanes peninsulas, near the town of Þórshöfn (Thorshofn). The name also refers to the region immediately to the southwest of the bay, roughly corresponding to Svalbarðshreppur municipality.

The fjord is named after the settler Ketil þistill ("thistle") but the Landnámabók does not say much about him and does not mention from where in Norway he came.

Svalbarðshreppur
Svalbarðshreppur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈsvalˌparðsˌr̥ɛhpʏr̥] ⓘ) is a former municipality in northeastern Iceland, between Norðurþing and Langanesbyggð. The municipality was administered from Þórshöfn in the neighbouring Langanesbyggð municipality. The area is known for its salmon rivers. In March 2022, residents of Svalbarðshreppur and Langanesbyggð voted to merge the two municipalities into one, which was formalized in June 2022.
Transcranial random noise stimulation
Transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation technique and a form of transcranial electrical stimulation (tES). Terney et al from Göttingen University was the first group to apply tRNS in humans in 2008. They showed that by using an alternating current along with random amplitude and frequency (between 0.1 and 640 Hz) in healthy subjects, the motor cortex excitability increased (i.e. increased amplitude of motor evoked potentials) for up to 60 minutes after 10 minutes of stimulation. The study included all the frequencies up to half of the sampling rate (1280 samples/s) i.e. 640 Hz, however the positive effect was limited only to higher frequencies. Although tRNS has shown positive effects in various studies the optimal parameters, as well as the potential clinical effects of this technique, remain unclear.

Motor cortex
The motor cortex comprises interconnected fields on the posterior frontal lobe—chiefly Brodmann area 4 (primary motor cortex, M1) and area 6 (premotor cortex and supplementary motor areas)—that plan, select and execute voluntary movements. These regions transform goals into patterned activity in descending pathways to brainstem and spinal motor circuits, enabling dexterous eye, face and limb actions. Modern work shows overlapping, action‑type representations rather than a strictly point‑to‑point "homunculus," and highlights direct cortico‑motoneuronal projections that underwrite fine finger control. Clinically, motor‑cortical organization shapes deficits after stroke and neurodegenerative disease and guides mapping for neurosurgery and neurotechnology.
Greater London Area War Risk Study
The Greater London Area War Risk Study (GLAWARS) was an in depth scientific investigation of how well Greater London, England would survive a nuclear war.  It was commissioned in 1984 by the Greater London Council and carried out by the Polytechnic of South Bank under the direction of Dr. Anne Ehrlich of Stanford University, Dr. S. William A. Gunn, head of the International Red Cross, Dr. Stuart Horner of the Croydon Health Authority, U.S. Vice Admiral John M. Lee and Dr. Peter Sharfman from the U.S. Congress Office of Technology Assessment.

The Study's findings were published in 1986 in the form of a 397-page book titled, London Under Attack: The Report of the Greater London War Risk Study.

The archives are held at the London South Bank University Archives Centre.

S. William A. Gunn
Sisvan William Aram Gunn (February 10, 1926 – November 1, 2022) was a Canadian surgeon, author, involved with various international health organizations.

Sisvan William Aram Gunn was born on February 10, 1926, in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. He completed his medical studies in Geneva.

Prior to joining the World Health Organization, Gunn was a lecturer in History of
Medicine and Science at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver.
Formerly head of Emergency Relief Operations of the WHO.
Later, Scientific director vice president of the European Center for Disaster Medicine; founder and president of the Medical Society of the World Health Organization 
and president of the board of the International Association for Humanitarian Medicine (IAHM).

Gunn authored and co-authored over 300 professional publications and 20 mono-graphs.

Gunn was awarded the honorary doctorate of Palermo University.

Gunn died on November 1, 2022, at the age of 96.
Formate C-acetyltransferase
In enzymology, formate C-acetyltransferase (pyruvate formate lyase) (EC 2.3.1.54) is an enzyme. Pyruvate formate lyase is found in Escherichia coli and other organisms. It helps regulate anaerobic glucose metabolism. Using radical non-redox chemistry, it catalyzes the reversible conversion of pyruvate and coenzyme-A into formate and acetyl-CoA. The reaction occurs as follows:

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically those acyltransferases transferring groups other than aminoacyl groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl-CoA:formate C-acetyltransferase. Other names in common use include pyruvate formate-lyase, pyruvic formate-lyase, and formate acetyltransferase.  This enzyme participates in 3 metabolic pathways: pyruvate metabolism, propanoate metabolism, and butanoate metabolism.

Radical SAM enzymes
Radical SAM enzymes belong to a superfamily of enzymes that use an iron-sulfur cluster (4Fe-4S) to reductively cleave S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) to generate a radical, usually a 5′-deoxyadenosyl radical (5'-dAdo), as a critical intermediate. These enzymes utilize this radical intermediate to perform diverse transformations, often to functionalize unactivated C-H bonds. Radical SAM enzymes are involved in cofactor biosynthesis, enzyme activation, peptide modification, post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications, metalloprotein cluster formation, tRNA modification, lipid metabolism, biosynthesis of antibiotics and natural products etc. The vast majority of known radical SAM enzymes belong to the radical SAM superfamily, and have a cysteine-rich motif that matches or resembles CxxxCxxC. Radical SAM enzymes comprise the largest superfamily of metal-containing enzymes.
Kendra Khottamdi
Kendra Khottamdi is a census town located partly in the Pandabeswar CD block of the Durgapur subdivision and partly in the Jamuria CD block of the Asansol Sadar subdivision in Paschim Bardhaman district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Community development block
In India, a community development block (CD block) or simply a block is a sub-division of a district, administratively earmarked for planning and development. In tribal areas, similar sub-divisions are called tribal development blocks (TD blocks). The area is administered by a block development officer (BDO), supported by several technical specialists and village-level workers. A community development block covers several gram panchayats, the local administrative units at the village level. A block is a rural subdivision and typically smaller than a tehsil. A tehsil is purely for revenue administration, whereas a block is for rural development purposes. In most states, a block is coterminous with the panchayat samiti area.
Thaai Kizhavi
Thaai Kizhavi (transl. Godmother) is a 2026 Indian Tamil-language comedy drama film written and directed by Sivakumar Murugesan, in his directorial debut. Produced by Sudhan Sundaram and Sivakarthikeyan under Passion Studios and Sivakarthikeyan Productions, the film stars Radhika Sarathkumar in the titular role, alongside Singampuli, Aruldoss, Munishkanth, Bala Saravanan, and Ilavarasu.

Thaai Kizhavi released in theatres on 27 February 2026 and received critical acclaim from critics.

Ilavarasu
Ilavarasu is an Indian actor and cinematographer who works in the Tamil film industry. He started his career as a cinematographer and worked for 13 films, winning a Tamil Nadu State Film Award for one of them. He later became known as an actor after appearing in pivotal roles in Bharathiraja's and Cheran's films. He starred in over 160 Tamil films, playing supporting, comedic, and antagonistic roles.
Engesvang
Engesvang is a town with a population of 2,190 (1 January 2025), in Ikast-Brande Municipality, Denmark. It is located 58 km north of Vejle, 5 km northeast of Bording and 33 km south of Viborg. The road between Vejle and Viborg (Danish national road 13) crosses the Aarhus-Herning motorway on a bridge 4 km south of Engesvang, just south of the small village of Pårup.

The town is a railway town between Silkeborg and Ikast, served by Engesvang railway station on the Skanderborg–Skjern railway line.

Engesvang Church, build in 1897, is located in the original village of Engesvang Kirkeby on the northwestern outskirts of the town.

Engesvang is located just west of Bølling Lake a shallow lake used extensively for recreation.

Skanderborg–Skjern railway line
The Skanderborg–Skjern railway line (Danish: Skanderborg–Skjern–banen) is a 111.9 km (69.5 mi) long standard gauge single track railway line in Denmark which runs between the cities of Skanderborg and Skjern in Central Jutland, Denmark.

The railway opened in sections. The section from Skanderborg to Silkeborg opened in 1871, the section from Silkeborg to Herning in 1877, and the section from Herning to Skjern in 1881. The line is owned and maintained by Rail Net Denmark and served with passenger trains by the railway company Arriva.
Dreaming of Babylon
Dreaming of Babylon: A Private Eye Novel 1942 is Richard Brautigan's eighth novel and was published in 1977.  It is a black comedy set in San Francisco in 1942.  The central character, C. Card, is no Sam Spade, but actually does do detective work of a sort, when he's not off dreaming of Babylon.

Sam Spade
Sam Spade (Samuel Spade) is a fictional character and the protagonist of Dashiell Hammett's 1930 novel The Maltese Falcon. Spade also appeared in four lesser-known short stories by Hammett.

The Maltese Falcon, first published as a serial in the pulp magazine Black Mask, is the only full-length novel by Hammett in which Spade appears. The character, however, is widely cited as a crystallizing figure in the development of hard-boiled private detective fiction—Raymond Chandler's Philip Marlowe, for instance, was strongly influenced by Spade.

Spade was a departure from Hammett's nameless and less-than-glamorous detective, the Continental Op. Spade combined several features of previous detectives, most notably his detached demeanor, keen eye for detail, and unflinching determination to achieve his own justice.
The Incredible Kung Fu Master
The Incredible Kung Fu Master (Chinese: 肥龍功夫精), also known as The Kung Fu Master (Chinese: 醒目仔蠱惑招) is a 1979 martial arts action comedy film directed by Joe Cheung in his directorial debut and starring Sammo Hung and Stephen Tung, the latter in his first leading role. This film features an action direction from a number of famous action directors including Sammo Hung Stunt Team, Lam Ching-ying, Billy Chan, Bryan Leung and Yuen Biao.

The film's plot initially focuses on the sibling rivalry between two martial artists. They are both hired by a wealthy man to train his sons. They are unaware that their employer simply wants to study their respective styles, and he has a revenge scheme against them.

Yuen Biao
Ha Lingchun (born 26 July 1957), known professionally as Yuen Biao, is a Hong Kong actor, martial artist and stuntman. He specialises in acrobatics and Chinese martial arts and has also worked on over 80 films as actor, stuntman and action choreographer. He was one of the Seven Little Fortunes from the China Drama Academy at the Peking Opera School along with his "brothers" Sammo Hung and Jackie Chan. Throughout the 1980s, he was part of the "Three Dragons" along with Chan and Hung; the three starred in six Hong Kong films together. Yuen Biao has appeared in over 130 films. He has played roles in eight television series for the Hong Kong channel TVB.
Port Harcourt Book Festival
The Port Harcourt Book Festival is an annual literary event in Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria, organised by the Rainbow Book Club and endorsed by the Rivers State Government since 2008. The Garden City Literary Festival, which is currently known as the Port Harcourt Book Festival was founded by Governor Amaechi of Rivers State, Hundreds of literary fans flock to the Garden City every year for this six-day event, which includes a book fair, writers' workshops, and a variety of other activities. In the past the Festival has been attended by recognized authors and has hosted a number of celebrities.

Government of Rivers State
The Government of Rivers State consists of elected representatives and appointed officials responsible for the government of Rivers State, Nigeria. Rivers State has a population of about 5 million people, and is one of the 36 states that make up the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The state government is composed of the executive, legislative, and
judicial branches, whose powers are vested by the
Constitution in the House of Assembly, the Governor and the High Court. The judiciary operates independently of the executive and the legislature. At the local level, elected officials are in charge of local government areas.