hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Politics of Bahrain
Politics of Bahrain has since 2002 taken place in a framework of a semi-constitutional monarchy where the government is appointed by the King of Bahrain, King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa. The head of the government since 2020 is Crown Prince Salman bin Hamad Al Khalifa, who became Prime Minister following the death of Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa, and who also serves as Deputy Commander of the Bahrain Defence Force. The parliament is a bicameral legislature, with the Council of Representatives elected by universal suffrage, and the Consultative Council (also called the Shura Council) appointed directly by the king.

King of Bahrain
The King of the Kingdom of Bahrain (Arabic: ملك مملكة البحرين Malik Mamlakat al-Baḥrayn) is the monarch and head of state of the Kingdom of Bahrain. The House of Khalifa has been the ruling family of the country since the 1783 Arab invasion that led to the end of Persian rule in Bahrain. Between 1783 and 1971, the Bahraini monarch held the title of hakim, and, from 1971 until 2002, the title of emir. On 14 February 2002, the emir of Bahrain, Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, declared Bahrain a kingdom and proclaimed himself the first king. The king enjoys wide-ranging powers, which include appointing the prime minister and the cabinet, holding supreme command over the Defence Force, chairing the Higher Judicial Council, appointing the parliament's upper house and dissolving its elected lower house.
Cantus Arcticus
Cantus Arcticus, also known as Concerto for Birds and Orchestra, is a three-part orchestral work by the Finnish composer Einojuhani Rautavaara that incorporates tape recordings of birdsong.

Commissioned by Oulu University for its first doctoral conferment ceremony, Cantus Arcticus was premiered in Oulu on 18 October 1972 by the Oulu Symphony Orchestra conducted by Stephen Portman. The score was published the same year. The work is dedicated to Urho Kekkonen, who was president of Finland at the time.: 3

Cantus Arcticus has enjoyed wide popularity.: 200  The reasons cited include the work's resemblance to familiar tonal music; the way it links music with nature by using recorded birdsong; the novelty of combining such recordings with a live orchestra; and its association with an idealised and exoticised version of Finland's culture and landscape.: 255–259  The work's appeal is also shown by its use in other musical contexts, including jazz compositions and film music.: 257

Premiere
A premiere, also spelled première, (from French: première, 1re, transl. first, 1st) is the debut (first public presentation) of a work, i.e. play, film, dance, musical composition, or even a performer in that work.
European Biophysics Societies Association
The European Biophysical Societies' Association is a non-profit making organisation (UK Charity Commission no. 1059024),  to foster the exchange of scientific information among European biophysicists and biophysicists in general.

EBSA is an association of 33 Biophysical Societies in the European area.
EBSA is an adherent member of the International Union for Pure and Applied Biophysics (IUPAB). EBSA maintains close links with Springer-Nature, the publishers of the European Biophysics Journal for which the copyright is owned by EBSA.

European Biophysics Journal
The European Biophysics Journal is published by Springer Science+Business Media on behalf of the European Biophysical Societies Association. The journal publishes papers in the field of biophysics, defining this as the study of biological phenomena using physical methods and concepts. It publishes original papers, reviews and letters. The journal aims "to advance the understanding of biological structure and function by application of the principles of physical science, and by presenting the work in a biophysical context". The editor-in-chief of the journal is Robert Gilbert (University of Oxford).
2011 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships
The 2011 IIHF World U20 Championship, commonly referred to as the 2011 World Junior Hockey Championships (2011 WJHC), was the 35th edition of the Ice Hockey World Junior Championship and was hosted by the United States. The games were played in Western New York, at HSBC Arena in Buffalo and Niagara University's Dwyer Arena in Lewiston. Russia won their 4th gold medal and 13th overall with a 5–3 victory over Canada in the championship game, after completing the biggest comeback in the WJHC history; being down 3–0 after two periods, the Russians scored five goals in the third period to capture their first WJHC gold medal since 2003. The host team, the United States, won the bronze medal with a 4–2 win over Sweden.

Russia men's national junior ice hockey team
The Russian men's national under 20 ice hockey team is the national under-20 ice hockey team in Russia. The team represented Russia at the International Ice Hockey Federation's World Junior Hockey Championship, held annually every December and January. After the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the International Ice Hockey Federation suspended Russia from all levels of competition.
Donald McKay (clipper)
Donald McKay was an  extreme clipper designed by Donald McKay, his last. Built for James Baines & Co., she sailed on the Black Ball Line of Liverpool from 1855 to 1868, carrying passengers and mail between England and Australia.

Donald McKay achieved several notable voyages during her active years. One of her most significant accomplishments was setting a record for the fastest voyage from Liverpool, England, to Melbourne, Australia, completing the journey in just 63 days.

Unfortunately, like many other clipper ships, her commercial success was relatively short-lived. The advent of steam-powered ships and changes in maritime transportation gradually rendered all sailing vessels less economically viable, especially the fast but limited hull displacement clippers.

Donald McKay ended her days as a coal hulk in Portugal. Her figurehead is located at the Mystic Seaport Museum in Mystic, Connecticut, USA.

Mystic, Connecticut
Mystic is a village and census-designated place (CDP) in Groton and Stonington, Connecticut.

Mystic was a significant Connecticut seaport with more than 600 ships built over 135 years starting in 1784. Mystic Seaport, located in the village, is the largest maritime museum in the United States and has preserved a number of sailing ships, such as the whaling ship Charles W. Morgan. The village is located on the Mystic River which flows into Fishers Island Sound. The Mystic River Bascule Bridge crosses the river in the center of the village.  The name "Mystic" is derived from the Pequot term "missi-tuk" describing a large river whose waters are driven into waves by tides or wind. The population was 4,348 at the 2020 census.
Port of Kuala Tanjung
Port of Kuala Tanjung is a sea port in Batubara Regency, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Once fully functional, the port can accommodate 60 million TEUs (twenty-foot equivalent units) per year as the biggest port in West Indonesia, bigger than Port of Tanjung Priok in Jakarta. The first phase of development of Kuala Tanjung Multipurpose Terminal was inaugurated in 2018. The first ship to dock at the port was the cruise ship SuperStar Libra on 5 April 2018 from Port Klang, Malaysia. The port made its debut in the global container market, with its first shipment on 28 March, 2020.

SuperStar Libra
SuperStar Libra was a cruise ship owned and last operated by Star Cruises. She was built in 1988 at Wärtsilä Marine Perno Shipyard in Turku, Finland as Seaward for Norwegian Cruise Line. In 1997 she was renamed Norwegian Sea, remaining in NCL fleet. In 2005 she was transferred to the fleet of Star Cruises. In May 2022, the ship, renamed Libra, arrived in Turkey for demolition.
Blogging in Bangladesh
Blogging in Bangladesh is dominated by a community of around 200 blogs. Some personal blogs have been around since the mid-2000s, but there are now blogs about self help, cities, science, law, digital marketing, entrepreneurship, and fashion magazines.

Amendment
An amendment is a formal or official change made to a law, contract, constitution, or other legal document.  It is based on the verb to amend, which means to change for better.  Amendments can add, remove, or update parts of these agreements.  They are often used when it is better to change the document than to write a new one. Only the legislative branch is involved in the amendment process.
Port Haney station
Port Haney station is a commuter rail station served by the West Coast Express line which connects Vancouver and Mission in British Columbia, Canada. The station is located on the north side of the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) tracks in Maple Ridge, just off River Road and 223rd Street. The station opened in 1995, when the West Coast Express began operating. All services are operated by TransLink.

Mission, British Columbia
Mission is a city in the Lower Mainland of the province of British Columbia, Canada. It was originally incorporated as a district municipality in 1892, growing to include additional villages and rural areas over the years, adding the original Town of Mission City, along an independent core of the region, in 1969. It is bordered by the city of Abbotsford to the south and the city of Maple Ridge to the west. To the east are the unincorporated areas of Hatzic and Dewdney.

It is situated on the north bank of the Fraser River, backing onto mountains and lakes overlooking the Central Fraser Valley 65 km (40 miles) southeast of Vancouver.
Dardanus of Athens
Dardanus (/ˈdɑːrdənəs/; Greek: Δάρδανος, Dardanos) was a Stoic philosopher, who lived c. 160 – c. 85 BC.

He was a pupil of Diogenes of Babylon and Antipater of Tarsus. Cicero mentions him as being one of the leaders of the Stoic school (Latin: principes Stoicorum) at Athens together with Mnesarchus at a time when Antiochus of Ascalon was turning away from scepticism (c. 95 BC). After the death of Panaetius (109 BC), the Stoic school at Athens seems to have fragmented, and Dardanus was probably one of several leading Stoics teaching in this era.

Nothing else is known about his life, and he was presumably dead by the time Cicero was learning philosophy in Athens in 79 BC.

Antipater of Tarsus
Antipater of Tarsus (Greek: Ἀντίπατρος ὁ Ταρσεύς; died 130/129 BC) was a Stoic philosopher. He was the pupil and successor of Diogenes of Babylon as leader of the Stoic school, and was the teacher of Panaetius. He wrote works on the gods and on divination, and in ethics he took a higher moral ground than that of his teacher Diogenes.
Ricardo Rimini
Ricardo Rimini (28 January 1908 – 1972) was a Uruguayan fencer. He competed in the individual foil event at the 1952 Summer Olympics. He finished second in the 1955 Pan American Games sabre team competition (with Teodoro Goliardi, Juan Paladino, and the non-Olympian José Lardizábal).

Foil (fencing)
A foil is one of the three weapons used in the sport of fencing. It is a flexible weapon of total length 110 cm (43 in) or under, rectangular in cross section, weighing under 500 g (18 oz), with a blunt tip. As with the épée, points are only scored by making contact with the tip. The foil is the most commonly used weapon in fencing.
Bill Macks Creek
Bill Macks Creek is a stream in Douglas County, Missouri. The stream headwaters lie just east of Basher and the junction of Missouri Route 76 with Missouri Route U. The stream flows east-southeast to its confluence with Bryant Creek.

Bill Macks Creek has the name of Bill Mac, a pioneer trapper.

Missouri supplemental route
A supplemental route is a state secondary road in the U.S. state of Missouri, designated with letters. Supplemental routes were various roads within the state which the Missouri Department of Transportation was given in 1952 to maintain in addition to the regular routes, though lettered routes had been in use from at least 1932. The four types of roads designated as Routes are:

Farm to market roads

Roads to state parks

Former alignments of U.S. or state highways

Short routes connecting state highways from other states to routes in Missouri

Supplemental routes make up 19,064 miles (30,681 km) (59%) of the state highway system.
Mah Hang Soon
Mah Hang Soon (simplified Chinese: 马汉顺; traditional Chinese: 馬漢順, Bàng-uâ-cê: Mā Háng-sông; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Má Hàn-sūn; born 19 July 1965) is a Malaysian politician who served as Deputy Minister of Education I for the second term in the Barisan Nasional (BN) administration under former Prime Minister Ismail Sabri Yaakob and former Minister Radzi Jidin from August 2021 to the collapse of the BN administration in November 2022 and the first term in the Perikatan Nasional (PN) administration under former Prime Minister Muhyiddin Yassin and former Minister Radzi from March 2020 to the collapse of PN administration in August 2021, Senator from March 2020 to his resignation in November 2022 as well as Member of the Perak State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Chenderiang from March 2008 to May 2018. He is a member of the Malaysian Chinese Association (MCA), a component party of the BN coalition. He has served as the Deputy President of MCA since November 2018.

Minister of Education (Malaysia)
The current Malaysian Minister of Education (Malay: Menteri Pendidikan; Jawi: منتري ڤنديديقن‎) is Fadhlina Sidek since 3 December 2022. The minister is supported by the Deputy Ministers of Education, Wong Kah Woh since 12 December 2023. The minister administers the portfolio through the Ministry of Education.
Onișor Nicorec
Onișor Mihai Nicorec (born 28 March 1986) is a Romanian football player who currently plays for Liga IV side Universitatea Oradea. Nicorec played in his career mostly for Hungarian clubs, among others: Győri ETO, Zalaegerszeg and Mezőkövesd, but he played also in Romania for: Rapid II București, Minerul Lupeni and Farul Constanța.

Mezőkövesdi SE
Mezőkövesdi Sport Egyesület (Hungarian: [ˈmɛzøːkøvɛʒd]) is a professional football club located in Mezőkövesd, Hungary. The team's colors are yellow and blue. The team name comes from the Zsóry family who founded the thermal baths that brought wealth to the town.
Río Secreto
Río Secreto (English translation: Secret River) is a semi-flooded limestone cave system near Playa del Carmen, Quintana Roo, Mexico. There are 38 kilometers of caves in the system, of which approximately 10% are used for tourism. Currently, Río Secreto is protected as a nature reserve.

Stalactite
A stalactite (UK: /ˈstæləkˌtaɪt/, US: /stəˈlæktaɪt/; from Ancient Greek  σταλακτός (stalaktós) 'dripping', from  σταλάσσειν (stalássein) 'to drip') is a mineral formation that hangs from the ceiling of caves, hot springs, or man-made structures such as bridges and mines. Any material that is soluble and that can be deposited as a colloid, or is in suspension, or is capable of being melted, may form a stalactite. Stalactites may be composed of lava, minerals, mud, peat, pitch, sand, sinter, and amberat (crystallized urine of pack rats). A stalactite is not necessarily a speleothem, though speleothems are the most common form of stalactite because of the abundance of limestone caves.

The corresponding formation on the floor of the cave is known as a stalagmite.
Very Necessary
Very Necessary is the fourth studio album by American hip hop group Salt-N-Pepa, released on October 12, 1993, by Next Plateau Records and London Records. As the group's last album to feature writing and production from their manager and primary producer Hurby Azor, it spawned four singles, including "Shoop" (their first top-five single on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number four), "Whatta Man" (featuring En Vogue, their second-highest-peaking single at number three), and "None of Your Business", which earned the group their first Grammy Award, in the category Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group.

Very Necessary peaked at number four on the Billboard 200, and has been certified five-times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA), denoting sales of over five million copies in the United States. It is the highest-selling album from the group.

Hurby Azor
Hurby "Luv Bug" Azor (born 1965), also known as Fingerprints, is a Haitian musician and hip-hop music producer. He is best known for discovering and producing the hip-hop trio Salt-N-Pepa and the rap duo Kid 'n Play.
Winnie Quagliotti
Winnifred Evelyn Quagliotti (née Terrick; traditional name Narrandjeri, known as Auntie Winnie; 1931 – 4 August 1988) was a Wurundjeri community leader. She was the great-great-niece of the Australian Aboriginal leader William Barak.

Healesville
Healesville is a town in Victoria, Australia, 64 km north-east from Melbourne's central business district, located within the Shire of Yarra Ranges local government area. Healesville recorded a population of 7,589 in the 2021 census.

Healesville is situated on the Watts River, a tributary of the Yarra River.

The outskirts of Healesville is home to a wildlife sanctuary, called Healesville Sanctuary.
Alaska Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers
The Alaska Association of Criminal Defense Lawyers (AKACDL), founded November 30, 2009, is a voluntary non-profit professional association created to serve the needs of criminal defense attorneys in Alaska. AKACDL's primary goal is to provide continuing legal education ("CLE") for new attorneys as well as seasoned practitioners, and for both public defenders and private practitioners. AKACDL presents an annual educational event named the "AKACDL All*Stars Conference," usually featuring four nationally recognized speakers at a two-day conference held at the Alyeska Resort in Girdwood, Alaska.

Alyeska Resort
Alyeska Resort is a ski resort in the Girdwood  area of Anchorage, Alaska, approximately 30 miles (48 km) from downtown Anchorage. Mount Alyeska is part of the Chugach mountain range and the Alyeska Resort is the largest ski area in the state. It includes the mountaintop Mt. Alyeska Roundhouse, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Raphaël Bayan
Monsignor Raphaël Bayan (28 February 1914 – 21 September 1999) was Armenian Catholic Bishop Emeritus of Iskandariya of the Armenians (Egypt).

Born in Zgharta in 1914, he was ordained on 1 November 1937 as a priest. On 12 December 1958, aged 44, he was appointed as Coadjutor Bishop of Iskandariya of the Armenians and Titular Bishop of Taua. On 6 January 1959 he was ordained Titular Bishop of Taua.

On 2 July 1960 he succeeded as Bishop of Iskandariya of the Armenians, in which capacity he ordained, on 15 August 1965 in Cairo, as a priest the future Patriarch, Nerses Bedros XIX.

Bayan retired at the age of 75 on 9 March 1989, and became Bishop Emeritus. He died on 21 September 1999, aged 85 after having been a priest for more than 60 years and a bishop for 40 years.

Armenian Catholic Church
The Armenian Catholic Church is an Eastern Catholic particular church sui iuris of the Catholic Church. It accepts the leadership of the bishop of Rome, and is therefore in full communion with the universal Catholic Church, including the Latin Church and the 22 other Eastern Catholic Churches. The Armenian Catholic Church is regulated by Eastern canon law, summed up in the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches.

The head of the sui iuris Armenian Catholic Church is the Armenian Catholic patriarch of Cilicia, whose main cathedral and de facto archiepiscopal see is the Cathedral of Saint Elias and Saint Gregory the Illuminator, in Beirut, Lebanon.

Armenian Caritas is the official aid organization of the Catholic Church in Armenia.
H. B. Mayo
Henry Bertram Mayo, D.Phil, FRSC, ((1911-06-17)17 June 1911—(2009-01-15)15 January 2009) was a Canadian political scientist.  At the time of his death, he was Canada's oldest living Rhodes Scholar, and professor emeritus at Carleton University, Ottawa. Born in Fortune, Newfoundland, Mayo taught at a number of universities, received multiple honorary degrees and was president of the Canadian Political Science Association.

Royal Society of Canada
The Royal Society of Canada (RSC; French: Société royale du Canada, SRC), also known as the Academies of Arts, Humanities, and Sciences of Canada (French: Académies des arts, des lettres et des sciences du Canada), is the senior national, bilingual council of distinguished Canadian scholars, humanists, scientists, and artists in Canada.

As Canada's national academy, the RSC exists to promote Canadian research and scholarly accomplishment in both of Canada's official languages; advise governments, non-governmental organizations, and Canadians generally on matters of public interest; recognize academic and artistic excellence; and mentor young scholars and artists.
Matsusaka beef
Matsusaka beef (松阪牛, Matsusaka-ushi, Matsusaka-gyū also "Matsuzaka beef") is the meat of Japanese Black cattle reared under strict conditions in the Matsusaka region of Mie in Japan. It has a high fat-to-meat ratio. Within Japan, Matsusaka is one of the three Sandai Wagyū, the "three big beefs", the others being Kobe beef and Ōmi beef or Yonezawa beef. About 2,500 cows are slaughtered for Matsusaka beef each year; the meat commands high prices.

Japanese Black
The Japanese Black (Japanese: 黒毛和種, Kuroge Washu) is a Japanese breed of beef cattle. It is one of six native Japanese cattle breeds, and one of the four Japanese breeds known as wagyū, the others being the Japanese Brown, the Japanese Polled and the Japanese Shorthorn.: 420 
All wagyū cattle derive from cross-breeding in the early twentieth century of native Japanese cattle with imported stock, mostly from Europe.: 5  In the case of the Japanese Black, the foreign influence was from European breeds including Braunvieh, Shorthorn, Devon, Simmental, Ayrshire and Friesian.: 8
Typhoon Graphics
Typhoon Graphics Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社颱風グラフィックス) is a Japanese animation studio founded on May 1, 2014. The studio was founded by former Anime International Company (AIC) animation producer and editor Takashi Sakurai. Some of the studio's employees include ex-members from AIC's post-production department.

Animation studio
An animation studio is a company producing animated media. The broadest such companies conceive of products to produce, own the physical equipment for production, employ operators for that equipment, and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced. They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created or held by the company, much like authors holding copyrights. In some early cases, they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity. Overall, they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms.
Oklahoma Commissioner of Charities and Corrections
The Oklahoma commissioner of charities and corrections was an elective executive officer of the state of Oklahoma.

The office was established by the Oklahoma Constitution in 1907.  The office was disestablished by the constitutional amendment State Question 50 to the Constitution.  It was adopted at the special election held on July 22, 1975. The amendment came into effect on January 8, 1979. The duties of the commissioner were taken over by the Oklahoma Department of Corrections.

Oklahoma Department of Corrections
The Oklahoma Department of Corrections (DOC or ODOC) is an agency of the state of Oklahoma. DOC is responsible for the administration of the state prison system. It has its headquarters in Oklahoma City, across the street from the headquarters of the Oklahoma Department of Public Safety. The Board of Corrections are appointees: five members are appointed by the Governor; two members are appointed by the President Pro Tempore of the Senate; and two members are appointed by the Speaker of the house of Representatives. The board is responsible for setting the policies of the Department, approving the annual budget request, and working with the Director of Corrections on material matters of the agency. T. Hastings Siegfried is the current chairman of the board. The director, who serves at the pleasure of the governor, is the chief executive of the department. The current director of Corrections is Steven Harpe, who was appointed in October 2022.