hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Timeline of the 2006 Canadian federal election
This article provides the timeline of the 2006 Canadian federal election, which was called on November 29, 2005 when the Governor General dissolved parliament following the government's defeat in a motion of no confidence. The election was held on January 23, 2006.

Minister of Finance (Canada)
The minister of finance (French: ministre des Finances) is the minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet, who is responsible for overseeing the Department of Finance and presenting the federal government's budget each year. It is one of the most important positions in the Cabinet.

François-Philippe Champagne is the 42nd and current finance minister, assuming the role March 14, 2025 as a member of the new 30th Canadian Ministry of Mark Carney.
LTPP Data Analysis Contest
The LTPP International Data Analysis Contest or the LTPP Data Analysis Contest is an annual international data analysis contest held by the American Society of Civil Engineers and Federal Highway Administration. The participants use LTPP data within their analysis. The winners of this data analysis contest are announced in early January during the Transportation Research Board annual meeting.

Transportation Research Board
The Transportation Research Board (TRB) is a division of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. TRB's mission is to mobilize expertise, experience, and knowledge to anticipate and solve complex transportation-related challenges. For example, committees, researchers, and staff are currently focused on advancing resilient infrastructure, exploring transformational technology, and caring for the public’s health and safety. It publishes research via four cooperative research programs and through consensus studies, which may be requested by the U.S. Congress.

As one of seven major divisions of the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, TRB research is objective and interdisciplinary. TRB hosts nearly 200 standing technical committees that address specific aspects of transport and the TRB Annual Meeting attracts thousands of transportation professionals.
Merit Club
Merit Club is a private country club in Libertyville, Illinois, a suburb north-northwest of Chicago.

The course was founded in 1992 by Bert Getz Sr. and his family and was collaboratively designed by Getz, Oscar Miles, Bob Lohmann and Ed Oldfield. The course architect was Bob Lohmann. It features a 6,960-yard (6,364 m) 18-hole course. The Merit Club also has three practice holes: par 4, par 3, and par 4.

Merit Club hosted the U.S. Women's Open in 2000, won by Karrie Webb and it hosted the second edition of the LPGA UL International Crown on July 21 through July 24, 2016, won by the United States. The course was ranked in the top 100 golf courses in the United States by both Golf Week and Golf Magazine.

The Head Golf Professional is Donald W. Pieper, PGA

Merit Club has had a caddie program since its opening. The Current Caddie Master is Rafael Rivera, Jr.

Karrie Webb
Karrie Anne Webb AO (born 21 December 1974) is an Australian professional golfer. She plays mainly on the U.S.-based LPGA Tour, and also turns out once or twice a year on the ALPG Tour in her home country. She is a member of the World Golf Hall of Fame. She has 41 wins on the LPGA Tour, more than any other active player.
Taihu Wu
Taihu Wu (吳語太湖片) or Northern Wu (北部吳語) is a Wu Chinese language spoken in much of the southern part of the province of Jiangsu, including Suzhou, Wuxi, Changzhou, the southern part of Nantong, Jingjiang and Danyang; the municipality of Shanghai; and the northern part of Zhejiang province, including Hangzhou, Shaoxing, Ningbo, Huzhou, and Jiaxing. A notable exception is the dialect of the town of Jinxiang, which is a linguistic exclave of Taihu Wu in Zhenan Min-speaking Cangnan county of Wenzhou prefecture in Zhejiang province. Speakers in regions around Taihu Lake and Hangzhou Bay, are the largest population among all Wu speakers. Taihu Wu dialects such as Shanghainese, Shaoxing and Ningbo are mutually intelligible even for L2 Taihu speakers.

Jingjiang
Jingjiang (Chinese: 靖江; pinyin: Jìngjiāng) is a county-level city under the administration of Taizhou, Jiangsu province, China. It is located on the northern (left) bank of the Yangtze River, and is the southernmost part of Taizhou City, bordering Nantong to the northeast, Suzhou to the southeast, Wuxi to the south, Changzhou to the southwest, and Zhenjiang to the west. The area of Jingjiang is 655.6 square kilometres and the population was 663,408 at the 2020 census.
Malaika
Malaika Nakupenda Malaika is a Swahili song written by Tanzanian artist Adam Salim in 1945 and recorded for the first time by Kenyan musician Fadhili William. This song is possibly the most famous of all Swahili love songs in Tanzania, Kenya and in East Africa, as well as being one of the most widely known of all Swahili songs in the world. Malaika in this context means "angel" in Swahili, and this word has always been used by Swahili speakers to refer to a beautiful girl.

The lyrics of the song differ slightly from version to version; the title itself is subject to variation, such as "Ewe Malaika" (Oh, Angel) or "My Angel".

Love song
A love song is a song about love, falling in love, heartbreak after a breakup, and the feelings that these experiences bring. Love songs can be found in a variety of different music genres. They can come in various formats, from sad and emotional pieces to fast songs that only have a faint love theme and major on the sound and popularity.
Terry Beech
Terry James Beech PC MP (born April 2, 1981) is a Canadian politician and former businessman. A member of the Liberal Party, he has represented Burnaby North—Seymour in the House of Commons since the 2015 federal election. From 2023 to 2025, Beech served as Minister of Citizens' Services.

In 1999, Beech was elected to the Nanaimo City Council at the age of 18, becoming British Columbia's youngest-ever elected official.

Parliamentary secretary
A parliamentary secretary is a member of parliament in the Westminster system who assists a more senior minister with their duties. In several countries, the position has been re-designated as assistant minister, junior minister or associate minister.

In the parliamentary systems of several Commonwealth countries, such as the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, India and Singapore, it is customary for the prime minister to appoint parliamentary secretaries from their political party in parliament to assist cabinet ministers with their work. The role of parliamentary secretaries varies under different prime ministers. The post has often served as a training ground for future ministers.
Karczew
Karczew ([ˈkart͡ʂɛf]; Yiddish: קארטשעוו Kartshev) is a town in Otwock County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. It is the seat of the urban-rural administrative district of Gmina Karczew, with 10,271 inhabitants (2010).

Karczew is a part of the Warsaw metropolitan area. It is situated on the right bank of Vistula River.

Warsaw metropolitan area
The Warsaw metropolitan area (known in Polish as: aglomeracja warszawska or Miejski Obszar Funkcjonalny Warszawy) is the metropolitan area of Warsaw, the capital of Poland. The metropolitan area covers ten counties in the Masovian Voivodeship, with an area of 6,100 km2 (2,400 sq mi) and a population of around 3.5 million in 2022. The area constitutes a separate NUTS 2 unit, as well as a separate police region with a dedicated Capital Metropolitan Police Headquarters, both of them carved out from the Masovian Voivodeship as an exception, as Polish NUTS 2 areas and police regions are in general identical to the territories of voivodeships.

The largest cities or towns within the metropolitan area are Warsaw, Pruszków, Legionowo, Otwock, Mińsk Mazowiecki, Piaseczno and Wołomin.

Public transport in the metropolitan area is served by the Warsaw Public Transport Authority (Zarząd Transportu Miejskiego).
Rintaro Sato
Rintaro Sato (佐藤 凛太郎, Satō Rintarō; born 23 December 2005) is a Japanese racing driver who currently competes in the F4 Japanese Championship and the French F4 Championship. Sato is the son of Japanese racing driver Takuma Sato. He is a member of the Honda Formula Dream Project.

Honda Formula Dream Project
The Honda Formula Dream Project (HFDP) is a driver development programme by Honda Racing. It is meant to promote talent in different racing series by helping them with funds, hoping to find drivers who will race for the team in the future. Notable graduates of the scheme are Yuki Tsunoda, who made his F1 debut for Scuderia Alpha Tauri.
Danny Halliwell
Danny Halliwell (born 23 March 1981) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s and 2010s. He played at club level in the Super League for Halifax (two spells), the Wakefield Trinity Wildcats, the Warrington Wolves (loan), the Leigh Centurions and the Salford City Reds, and in the Championships for the Keighley Cougars (loan), Oldham, the Blackpool Panthers, the Barrow Raiders, the Oxford Cavaliers and the Swinton Lions, and for the Leigh Miners Rangers ARLFC, as a wing, centre, or second-row.

Keighley Cougars
The Keighley Cougars are a professional rugby league club from Keighley in West Yorkshire, England. The club play home games at Cougar Park and compete in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league.

Keighley have never won a major honour. Their main rivals are Bradford Bulls.
Ben Friend
Benjamin W. Friend (January 30, 1912 – November 18, 1953) was an American professional football player who played as a tackle in the National Football League (NFL) for one season with the Cleveland Rams in 1939. He was drafted in the 15th round of the 1939 NFL Draft. He played in ten games for the team and started in four of them. He attended Louisiana State University, where he played college football for the LSU Tigers football team. In 1937 he was selected by the Associated Press to its All-Southeastern Conference third-team. In 1938, he served as team captain.

Cleveland Rams
The Cleveland Rams were a professional American football team that played in Cleveland from 1936 to 1945. The Rams competed in the second American Football League (AFL) for the 1936 season and the National Football League (NFL) from 1937 to 1945, winning the NFL championship in 1945, before moving to Los Angeles in 1946 to become the first of only two professional football champions to play the following season in another city.

The move of the team to Los Angeles helped to jump-start the reintegration of pro football by African American players and opened up the West Coast to professional sports. After being based in Los Angeles for 49 years, the Rams franchise moved again after the 1994 NFL season to St. Louis where the franchise stayed for 21 seasons before moving back to Los Angeles after the 2015 NFL season.
Adiabatic shear band
In physics, mechanics and engineering, an adiabatic shear band is one of the many mechanisms of failure that occur in metals and other materials that are deformed at a high rate in processes such as metal forming, machining and ballistic impact. Adiabatic shear bands are usually very narrow bands, typically 5-500 μm wide and consisting of highly sheared material. Adiabatic is a thermodynamic term meaning an absence of heat transfer – the heat produced is retained in the zone where it is created. (The opposite extreme, where all heat that is produced is conducted away, is isothermal.)

Failure
Failure is the social concept of not meeting a desirable or intended objective, and is usually viewed as the opposite of success. The criteria for failure depends on context, and may be relative to a particular observer or belief system. One person might consider a failure what another person considers a success, particularly in cases of direct competition or a zero-sum game. Similarly, the degree of success or failure in a situation may be differently viewed by distinct observers or participants, such that a situation that one considers to be a failure, another might consider to be a success, a qualified success or a neutral situation.

It may also be difficult or impossible to ascertain whether a situation meets criteria for failure or success due to ambiguous or ill-defined definition of those criteria. Finding useful and effective criteria or heuristics to judge the success or failure of a situation may itself be a significant task.
2017 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships – Women's K-1 1000 metres
The 2017 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships women's K-1 1000 metres race took place at the Sportcentrum Račice in Račice, Czech Republic.

The event took place between 25 and 27 August, 2017. It was won by Alyce Burnett of Australia.

Alyce Wood
Alyce Wood  (née Burnett, born 11 August 1992) is an Australian canoeist. She competed in the women's K-2 500 metres event at the 2016 Summer Olympics and in the women's K2 500 metres and women's K1 500 metres at the 2020 Summer Olympics. In 2017 she won her maiden World Championship title in the K1 1000m. She has also won a string of World Cup medals. In the Under 23 Category she won two Bronze Medals at the World Championships (2014: K1 500 & 2015: K2 500).

At the Tokyo 2020 Olympics Wood competed with K-2 partner Alyssa Bull. They then made the A-Final of the K-2 500m by finishing second in their semi-final. In the final they came fifth and finished with a time of 1min 37.412sec, just 0.545sec from a podium finish. This was an improvement from their 8th place at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the same event.

Wood also made the final of the women's K-1 500m at the 2020 Olympics and finished in eighth place.
Clarks Point Airport
Clarks Point Airport (IATA: CLP, ICAO: PFCL, FAA LID: CLP) is a state-owned public-use airport located in Clarks Point, a city in the Dillingham Census Area of the U.S. state of Alaska.

As per Federal Aviation Administration records, the airport had 497 passenger boardings (enplanements) in calendar year 2008, an increase of 15% from the 432 enplanements in 2007. This airport is included in the FAA's National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2009–2013, which categorized it as a general aviation facility.

Dillingham Census Area, Alaska
Dillingham Census Area is a census area located in the state of Alaska, United States. At the 2020 census, the population was 4,857, slightly up from 4,847 in 2010. It is part of the unorganized borough and therefore has no borough seat. Its largest community by far is the city of Dillingham, on a small arm of Bristol Bay on the Bering Sea.
Thefts upon the Thames Act 1762
The Thefts upon the Thames Act 1762 (2 Geo. 3. c. 28) was an act of the Parliament of Great Britain, granted royal assent on 2 June 1762. It aimed to discourage theft of cargo and tackle from ships on the River Thames and came to be nicknamed the 'Bumboat Act' for requiring all such light vessels (used for unloading larger ships' cargoes to wharves and for meeting new ships to resupply their crews and clear their full bilges) to be registered with Trinity House.

The act also allowed suspect boats to be stopped and searched and any items suspected to be stolen to be seized, as well as putting in place punishments for thieves and those suspected of involvement of thefts.

Bumboat
A bumboat is a small boat used to ferry supplies to ships moored away from the shore.  The name comes from the combination of the Dutch word for a canoe—"boomschuit" ("boom" meaning "tree"), and "boat".

In Tobias Smollett's  1748 novel, The Adventures of Roderick Random, a "bumboat woman" conducts business with sailors imprisoned on board a pressing tender moored near the Tower Wharf on the River Thames, London, England.
In HMS Pinafore, W. S. Gilbert describes Little Buttercup as a Bumboat Woman.

In Singapore, the term "bumboat" is applied to small water taxis and boats that take tourists on short tours.
Agustín Codazzi, Cesar
Agustín Codazzi, or simply Codazzi, is a city and municipality of the Department of Cesar in Colombia. It was founded in 1784 by the Spanish Captain Salvador Felix de Arias with the name of El Pueblito  del Espíritu Santo but later renamed after the Italian cartographer Agostino Codazzi, who died in this place in 1859. It is located along the Serranía del Perijá, covering some of the area pertaining to the valley of the Cesar River.

In 1958 Codazzi was proclaimed a municipality due to its rapid population increase in the 1950s and 1960s, triggered by an agricultural boom of cotton, that attracted people searching for jobs from many departments of Colombia; mainly from Tolima, Huila, Santander, North Santander, Antioquia, Cundinamarca, Bolivar and Magdalena.

When this boom ended, the agroindustry opted for other products like palm, sugar cane, liquors and milk products. In 2005 the municipality of Codazzi had approximately 52,219 inhabitants.

Cesar River
The Cesar River (Spanish: Río Cesar) is a river in northern Colombia which is a part of the Magdalena Basin. It flows through the Cesar-Ranchería Basin and separates the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta from the mountain ranges of the Serranía del Perijá, an extension of the Cordillera Oriental. It flows north to south, down from the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in the Guajira Department onto the Cesar Department and flowing into the Zapatosa Marsh where it turns to the southwest and discharges into the Magdalena River after 280 kilometers. Valledupar is the only major city on its route.
Esperanza Inlet
Esperanza Inlet is an inlet on the West Coast of Vancouver Island in British Columbia, Canada.  Its entrance is located off the northwest side of Nootka Island and is defined by a line drawn from Tachu Point to Blind Reef.  Until that definition was applied by the Canadian Hydrographic Service in 1959, the inlet's entrance was considered to be the area southeast of Catala Island.  Among its adjoining branches is Zeballos Inlet.

Inlet
An inlet is a typically long and narrow indentation of a shoreline such as a small arm, cove, bay, sound, fjord, lagoon or marsh, that leads to an enclosed larger body of water such as a lake, estuary, gulf or marginal sea.
Quan (state)
Quan (Chinese: 權) was a small Zhou dynasty (1046–256 BC) vassal state in Central China. A marquisate, then dukedom (侯), its rulers were descendants of Shang dynasty (c. 1600–1046 BC) ruler Wu Ding with the surname Zi (子). Quan was founded by Wen Ding’s son Quan Wending (权文丁) in the area of modern-day Maliang Town (马良镇), Shayang County, Jingmen City, Hubei Province, next to what would later emerge as the State of Chu.

Shayang County
Shayang (Chinese: 沙洋; pinyin: Shāyáng) is a county of west-central Hubei province, People's Republic of China. Administratively, it is part of the prefecture-level city of Jingmen. The county is located south of the Jingmen city proper, west of the Han River, and north of the Chang Lake (Chang Hu).

The county seat is a town of the same name (Chinese: 沙洋镇; pinyin: Shāyáng Zhèn), situated near the Han River, which eventually flows into the Yangtze River. To the east of the town is a huge flat region which contains one of the largest prison farm systems in China (沙洋监狱管理局). A major provincial highway runs right through the middle of the prison region, and through the massive cotton fields that are tended by convict teams who march to and from the fields and the prisons on special paths separated from the highway by ditches.
1990 Italian Open – Women's doubles
Elizabeth Smylie and Janine Thompson were the defending champions, but Smylie did not compete this year. Thompson teamed up with Jenny Byrne and lost in the first round to Claudia Kohde-Kilsch and Brenda Schultz.

Helen Kelesi and Monica Seles won the title by defeating Laura Garrone and Laura Golarsa 6–3, 6–4 in the final.

Brenda Schultz-McCarthy
Brenda Anne Marie Schultz-McCarthy (born 28 December 1970) is a former Dutch tennis player. Primarily known by her maiden name Brenda Schultz, she married Sean McCarthy, a former American football player at University of Cincinnati, on 8 April 1995 and took his name. Schultz is known for her fast serve; she has the eighth-fastest serve ever recorded by a female tennis player.
Nichols Medal
The Nichols Medal is the annual award to the "best and fairest" player in Australian Rules football competition the Northern Territory Football League in the Northern Territory, Australia. It is named in honour of Joseph W. Nichols MBE, a long time administrator of Australian Rules football in the Northern Territory. The first NTFL "best and fairest" was awarded in 1947, but the first award under the name "Nichols Medal" was made in 1949. In 1993, the NTFL retrospectively awarded medals to players who had lost previous counts via the countback system.

Countback
The countback method is a way of filling casual vacancies in proportional voting systems. Casual vacancies are filled by re-examining the ballots from the previous election. The candidate who held the seat is eliminated, and the election is then re-run with this candidate removed. Unlike other methods of filling vacancies, this procedure maintains proportional representation, and eliminates the need for expensive and low-turnout special elections.
ROCm
ROCm is an Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) software stack for graphics processing unit (GPU) programming. ROCm spans several domains, including general-purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPU), high performance computing (HPC), and heterogeneous computing. It offers several programming models: HIP (GPU-kernel-based programming), OpenMP (directive-based programming), and OpenCL.

ROCm is free, libre and open-source software (except the GPU firmware blobs), and it is distributed under various licenses. The name initially stood for Radeon Open Compute platform; however, due to Open Compute being a registered trademark, the name no longer functions as an acronym.

Open Compute Project
The Open Compute Project (OCP) is an organization that facilitates the sharing of data center product designs and industry best practices among companies. Founded in 2011, OCP has significantly influenced the design and operation of large-scale computing facilities worldwide.

As of February 2025, over 400 companies across the world are members of OCP, including Arm, Meta, IBM, Wiwynn, Intel, Nokia, Google, Microsoft, Seagate Technology, Dell, Rackspace, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, NVIDIA, Cisco, Goldman Sachs, Fidelity, Lenovo, Accton Technology Corporation and Alibaba Group.
Illinois Route 169
Illinois Route 169 is an east–west state road in far southern Illinois. It runs from Illinois Route 37 north of Grand Chain east to U.S. Route 45 east of Boaz. This is a distance of 9.04 miles (14.55 km).

U.S. Route 45
U.S. Route 45 (US 45) is a major north-south United States highway and a border-to-border route, from Lake Superior to the Gulf of Mexico. A sign at the highway's northern terminus notes the total distance as 1,297 miles (2,087 km).

US 45 is notable for incorporating, in its maiden alignment, the first paved road in the South, a 49-mile (79 km) segment in Lee County, Mississippi. Let to contract in July 1914, the concrete highway opened on November 15, 1915.

As of 2006, the highway's northern terminus is in Ontonagon, Michigan, at the corner of Ontonagon and River Streets, a few blocks from Lake Superior (M-64 formerly terminated there as well until its rerouting in October 2006 to use the newly built Ontonagon River Bridge).  US 45's southern terminus is in Mobile, Alabama, at an intersection with U.S. Route 98.