hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gingelom
Gingelom (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɣɪŋəˌlɔm]) is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Limburg. On 1 January 2006 Gingelom had a total population of 7,847. The total area is 56.49 km2 (21.81 sq mi) which gives a population density of 139 inhabitants per square kilometre (360 inhabitants/sq mi).

The municipality includes the old municipalities of Borlo, Buvingen, Jeuk, Montenaken, Niel-bij-Sint-Truiden, Mielen boven Aalst, Muizen, Boekhout, Vorsen and Kortijs.

Municipalities of Belgium
Belgium comprises 565 municipalities (Dutch: gemeenten; French: communes; German: Gemeinden), 285 of them grouped into five provinces in Flanders and 261 others in five provinces in Wallonia, while the remaining 19 are in the Brussels Capital Region, which is not divided in provinces. In most cases, the municipalities are the smallest administrative subdivisions of Belgium, but in municipalities with more than 100,000 inhabitants, on the initiative of the local council, sub-municipal administrative entities with elected councils may be created. As such, only Antwerp, having over 500,000 inhabitants, became subdivided into ten districts (Dutch: districten).

The Belgian arrondissements (Dutch: arrondissementen; French: arrondissements; German: Bezirke), an administrative level between province (or the capital region) and municipality, or the lowest judicial level, are in English sometimes called districts as well.
Chazuta District
Chazuta District is one of fourteen districts of the province San Martín in Peru. San Martín Province is located in north central Peru, in San Martín Region, a highland area on the edge of the Amazon Basin. Immediately to the east of San Martín Region is the large lowland region of Loreto, in the northeast corner of Peru. The area is home to members of the Kichwa-Lamista ethnicity, who migrated to the area from province of Lamas between 1850 and 1920.

Districts of Peru
The districts of Peru (Spanish: distritos) are the third-level country subdivisions of Peru. They are subdivisions of the provinces, which in turn are subdivisions of the larger regions or departments. There are 1,838 districts in total.
Synodontis pleurops
Synodontis pleurops, known as the Congo squeaker, the bigeye squeaker, or the bug eyed synodontis, is a species of upside-down catfish native to the upper Congo Basin of Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and the Republic of the Congo.  It was first described by the Belgian-British zoologist George Albert Boulenger in 1899, based upon a holotype discovered at the Boyoma Falls, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

George Albert Boulenger
George Albert Boulenger FRS (19 October 1858 – 23 November 1937) was a Belgian-British zoologist who described and gave scientific names to over 2,000 new animal species, chiefly fish, reptiles, and amphibians. Boulenger was also an active botanist during the last 30 years of his life, especially in the study of roses.
Nganasan language
The Nganasan language (formerly called тавгийский, tavgiysky, or тавгийско-самоедский, tavgiysko-samoyedsky in Russian; from the ethnonym тавги, tavgi) is a moribund Samoyedic language spoken by about 30 of the Nganasan people, who are native to the Taymyr Peninsula in northern Siberia, residing primarily in the settlements of Ust-Avam, Volochanka, and Novaya in the Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai, with smaller populations residing in the towns of Dudinka and Norilsk as well. It is notable for its unusual characteristics among the Samoyedic languages, as well among the greater Uralic languages.

Ethnonym
An ethnonym (from Ancient Greek  ἔθνος (éthnos) 'nation' and  ὄνομα (ónoma) 'name') is a name applied to a given ethnic group. Ethnonyms can be divided into two categories: exonyms (whose name of the ethnic group has been created by another group of people) and autonyms, or endonyms (whose name is created and used by the ethnic group itself).

For example, the dominant ethnic group of Germany is the Germans. The ethnonym Germans is a Latin-derived exonym used in the English language, but the Germans call themselves Deutsche, an endonym. The German people are identified by a variety of exonyms across Europe, such as Allemands (French), tedeschi (Italian), tyskar (Swedish), and Niemcy (Polish).

As a sub-field of anthroponymy, the study of ethnonyms is called ethnonymy or ethnonymics.

Ethnonyms should not be confused with demonyms, which designate all the people of a geographic territory, regardless of ethnic or linguistic divisions within its population.
Muara–Tutong Highway
4°03′25″N 114°47′56″E﻿ / ﻿4.056992°N 114.7988543°E﻿ / 4.056992; 114.7988543

Muara–Tutong Highway, (Malay: Lebuhraya Muara–Tutong; Jawi: لبوهراي موارا - توتوڠ) is a major, inter-district highway in Brunei, and is the main road connecting the Brunei Muara and Tutong districts. It is sometimes referred to as the coastal highway due to it being mostly parallel to the coastline of Brunei. The highway is a controlled-access highway for most of its length west of the interchange with the Tungku Highway, until Kampong Tanjong Menugan, just east of Tutong. The remained of the highway is still a dual carriageway limited-access road, with left-in/left-out intersections being the most common type of intersection throughout the route.

Right-in/right-out
Right-in/right-out (RIRO) and left-in/left-out (LILO) refer to a type of three-way road intersection where turning movements of vehicles are restricted. A RIRO permits only right turns and a LILO permits only left turns. "Right-in" and "left-in" refer to turns from a main road into an intersection (or a driveway or parcel); "right-out" and "left-out" refer to turns from an intersection (or a driveway or parcel) to a main road. RIRO is typical when vehicles drive on the right, and LILO is usual where vehicles drive on the left. This is because minor roads usually connect to the outsides of two-way roads.  However, on a divided highway, both RIRO and LILO intersections can occur.

The remainder of this article refers only to RIRO but applies equally to LILO.

A RIRO intersection differs from a 3/4 intersection (right in/right out/left in) and an unrestricted intersection.
Microdensitometer
A microdensitometer is an optical instrument used to measure optical densities in the microscopic domain.  A well-known microdensitometer, used in the photographic industry, is a granularity instrument or granularity machine. The granularity measurement involves the use of an optical aperture, 10-50 micrometers in diameter, and in the recording of thousands of optical density readings. The standard deviation of this series of measurements is known as the granularity of the measured transmission surface, optical film, or photographic film, in particular .

An alternative version to the traditional point-by-point microdensitometer is the beam expanded laser microdensitometer.  This instrument can illuminate simultaneously an area a few centimeters wide with an ultra thin height, in the micrometer regime.

Granularity
Granularity (also called graininess) is the degree to which a material or system is composed of distinguishable pieces, "granules" or "grains" (metaphorically).
It can either refer to the extent to which a larger entity is subdivided, or the extent to which groups of smaller indistinguishable entities have joined together to become larger distinguishable entities.
Yasuko Tamada
Yasuko Tamada (玉田 育子, tamada yasuko; born (1967-06-30)June 30, 1967) is a Japanese female mixed martial arts (MMA) fighter. She previously fought as a flyweight in the Valkyrie promotion and was the only Valkyrie Flyweight Champion. She later fought for Jewels and last competed for Deep.

Tamada was once ranked as the #6 female atomweight (96-106 lb) fighter in the world according to the Unified Women's Mixed Martial Arts Rankings.

Deep (mixed martial arts)
Deep (previously Deep2001) is a Japan-based mixed martial arts promoting and sanctioning organization. It is promoted by Shigeru Saeki who is also the former Public Relations Director of Pride Fighting Championships. Their inaugural event took place in 2001 and featured Paulo Filho and Royler Gracie. On May 17, 2008, Deep announced a partnership with ZST to share fighters, co-promote shows and eventually unify the promotions.
Takebe Station
Takebe Station (建部駅, Takebe-eki) is a passenger railway station located in the Takebe-chō neighborhood of Kita-ku of the city of Okayama, Okayama Prefecture, Japan. It is operated by West Japan Railway Company (JR West).

Okayama Prefecture
Okayama Prefecture (岡山県, Okayama-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [o.kaꜜ.ja.ma, o.ka.ja.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku region of Honshu. Okayama Prefecture has a population of 1,815,165 (1 October 2025) and has a geographic area of 7,114 km2 (2,746 sq mi). Okayama Prefecture borders Tottori Prefecture to the north, Hyōgo Prefecture to the east, and Hiroshima Prefecture to the west.

Okayama is the capital and largest city of Okayama Prefecture, with other major cities including Kurashiki, Tsuyama, and Sōja. Okayama Prefecture's south is located on the Seto Inland Sea coast across from Kagawa Prefecture on the island of Shikoku, which are connected by the Great Seto Bridge, while the north is characterized by the Chūgoku Mountains.
Caloptilia ovatiella
Caloptilia ovatiella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from California, United States.

The larvae feed on Malosma laurina, Rhus integrifolia and Rhus ovata. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Gracillariidae
Gracillariidae is an important family of insects in the order Lepidoptera and the principal family of leaf miners that includes several economic, horticultural or recently invasive pest species such as the horse-chestnut leaf miner, Cameraria ohridella.
Kamil Brabenec (ice hockey)
Kamil Brabenec (born 17 May 1976) is a Czech former professional ice hockey player whose position was left wing.

Brabenec played for HKm Zvolen, HC Kometa Brno, HC České Budějovice, HC Keramika Plzeň, Luleå HF, HC Vsetín and HC Egna. He won a Slovak Extraliga with HKm Zvolen (2012–13) and a Czech Extraliga with HC Kometa Brno (2016–17). Active for over 20 years, his career ended after a spell with the reserves of Kometa Brno, his hometown team, in 2022.

His father Kamil Brabenec Sr. was an international basketball player for Czechoslovakia in the 1970s and 80s, and his sister Andrea Brabencová and daughter Kristýna Brabencová also played that sport at a high level. His son Jakub Brabenec is a hockey player who was drafted by NHL team Vegas Golden Knights in 2021.

Luleå HF
Luleå Hockeyförening, also known as Luleå Hockey, is a professional ice hockey club from Luleå, Sweden. The club has been playing in the Swedish Hockey League (SHL), the top tier of ice hockey in Sweden, since the 1984–85 season. They are the northernmost team in the league and have won the Swedish championships twice, in 1996 and 2025. Since being promoted to the top flight (then called Elitserien) in 1984, the team has not once had to participate in a promotion/relegation-qualifier to defend their spot in the top league.
Polskie Elektrownie Jądrowe
Polskie Elektrownie Jądrowe sp. z o.o. (abbreviated PEJ) is a developer of nuclear power plants in Poland. It is a special purpose vehicle 100% owned by the State Treasury. The company is specifically charged with developing 6 to 9GWe of proven, large-scale, Generation III(+) pressurized water reactors such as the AP1000, APR-1400, and  EPR.

Until March 2021, the functions of PEJ were a part of the PGE Group (Polska Grupa Energetyczna).

Generation III reactor
Generation III reactors, or Gen III reactors, are a class of nuclear reactors designed to succeed Generation II reactors, incorporating evolutionary improvements in design. These include improved fuel technology, higher thermal efficiency, significantly enhanced safety systems (including passive nuclear safety), and standardized designs intended to reduce maintenance and capital costs. They are promoted by the Generation IV International Forum (GIF).

The first Generation III reactors to begin operation were Kashiwazaki 6 and 7 advanced boiling water reactors (ABWRs) in 1996 and 1997. From 2012, both have been shut down due to a less permissive political environment in the wake of the Fukushima nuclear accident. Due to the prolonged period of stagnation in the construction of new reactors and the continued (albeit declining) popularity of Generation II/II+ designs in new construction, relatively few third generation reactors have been built.
Yang Side
Yang Side (Chinese: 杨斯德; pinyin: Yáng Sīdé; 11 December 1921 – 7 September 2018) was a Chinese major general of the People's Liberation Army, and served as Minister of the Taiwan Affairs Office of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

Taiwan Affairs Office
The Taiwan Affairs Office is an administrative agency under the State Council of the People's Republic of China (PRC). It is responsible for cross-strait relations and sets and implements guidelines and policies related to Taiwan, which is claimed by the People's Republic of China as a province of its own. This organization has no relationship with the Taiwan government.

Under the "one institution with two names" arrangement, it is also the Chinese Communist Party's Taiwan Work Office of the Central Leading Group for Taiwan Affairs under the CCP Central Committee; the party title is used for party-to-party interactions with Taiwan.
Hakea baxteri
Hakea baxteri, commonly known as fan-leaf hakea, is a shrub in the family Proteaceae native to an area in the Great Southern and Wheatbelt regions of Western Australia. It is a species noted for its foliage due to its fan-shaped leaves.

Wheatbelt (Western Australia)
The Wheatbelt is one of nine regions of Western Australia defined as administrative areas for the state's regional development, and a vernacular term for the area converted to agriculture during colonisation. It partially surrounds the Perth metropolitan area, extending north from Perth to the Mid West region, and east to the Goldfields–Esperance region.  It is bordered to the south by the South West and Great Southern regions, and to the west by the Indian Ocean, the Perth metropolitan area, and the Peel region.  Altogether, it has an area of 154,862 square kilometres (59,793 sq mi) (including islands).

The region has 42 local government authorities, with an estimated population of 75,000 residents. The Wheatbelt accounts for approximately three per cent of Western Australia's population.
Ichangia
Ichangia is an extinct genus of redlichiid trilobites of the family Protolenidae. It lived during the early part of the Botomian stage of the Cambrian Period, which lasted from approximately 524 to 518.5 million years ago in Hubei and Henan Provinces, China.

Cambrian Stage 4
Cambrian Stage 4 is the still unnamed fourth stage of the Cambrian and the upper stage of Cambrian Series 2. It follows Cambrian Stage 3 and lies below the Wuliuan. The lower boundary has not been formally defined by the International Commission on Stratigraphy. One proposal is the first appearance of two trilobite genera, Olenellus or Redlichia. Another proposal is the first appearance of the trilobite species Arthricocephalus chauveaui. Both proposals will set the lower boundary close to 514.5 million years ago. The upper boundary corresponds to the beginning of the Wuliuan.
Music for Misfits
Music for Misfits is a compilation album by American rapper Big B. It was released on June 21, 2011 via Suburban Noize Records. All songs were previously released on earlier works except "Last One" and "Bad Girl", which were later released on 2013's Fool's Gold.

Big B (rapper)
Bryan David Mahoney (born July 30, 1972), known by his stage name Big B, is an American rapper currently signed with Suburban Noize Records as a solo artist. Along with John E. Necro, he performs vocals in the band OPM, which is also signed with Suburban Noize.
Ranger 6
Ranger 6 was a lunar probe in the NASA Ranger program, a series of robotic spacecraft of the early and mid-1960s to obtain close-up images of the Moon's surface. It was launched on January 30, 1964 and was designed to transmit high-resolution photographs of the lunar terrain during the final minutes of flight until impacting the surface. The spacecraft carried six television vidicon cameras—two wide-angle (channel F, cameras A and B) and four narrow-angle (channel P)—to accomplish these objectives. The cameras were arranged in two separate chains, or channels, each self-contained with separate power supplies, timers, and transmitters so as to afford the greatest reliability and probability of obtaining high-quality television pictures. No other experiments were carried on the spacecraft. Due to a failure of the camera system, no images were returned.

Video camera tube
Video camera tubes are devices based on the cathode-ray tube that were used in television cameras to capture television images, prior to the introduction of charge-coupled device (CCD) image sensors in the 1980s. Several different types of tubes were in use from the early 1930s, and as late as the 1990s.

In these tubes, an electron beam is scanned across an image of the scene to be broadcast focused on a target. This generated a current that is dependent on the brightness of the image on the target at the scan point. The size of the striking ray is tiny compared to the size of the target, allowing 480–486 horizontal scan lines per image in the NTSC format, 576 lines in PAL, and as many as 1035 lines in Hi-Vision.
Goalpara region
Goalpara region, largely congruous to the historical undivided Goalpara district, is a region that is associated with the people and culture of Goalpara.  It is bounded on the north by Bhutan, on the east by the Kamrup region, in the south by Meghalaya and in the west by Cooch Behar and Jalpaiguri in West Bengal and Rangpur in Bangladesh.  The natural landmarks are: Sankosh and Brahmaputra rivers on the west, the Manas River on the east in the north bank, and a corresponding region in the south bank; the Garo Hills in the south and Bhutan Hills in the north.

Jalpaiguri district
Jalpaiguri district (Bengali pronunciation: [dʒɔlpaːiːguɽiː]) is a district of the Indian state of West Bengal. The district was established in 1869 during British Raj. The headquarters of the district are in the city of Jalpaiguri, which is also the divisional headquarters of Jalpaiguri division.
South Moravian Innovation Centre
South Moravian Innovation Centre (Czech: Jihomoravské inovační centrum, JIC) is a Czech association of legal entities in Brno, Czech Republic that supports companies and connects them with universities and research institutions.

JIC members include the South Moravian Region, the statutory city of Brno, Masaryk University, Brno University of Technology, Mendel University in Brno, and the University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences.

Companies that were supported by JIC include Kiwi.com, Flowmon Networks, Y Soft, Safetica Technologies, Sewio, FlowUp or Webnode.

Webnode
Webnode (/ˈwɛbnoʊd/) is a cloud-based website builder that allows individuals and organizations to create and manage websites using a web-based editor, without the need to install or configure additional software. The platform uses a visual drag-and-drop interface and supports the creation of websites that adapt to different screen sizes and without requiring programming knowledge.

Webnode is used for creating a variety of websites, including personal sites, blogs, portfolios, business websites, and online stores, and is commonly adopted by individuals, freelancers, and small businesses.
1869 Princeton vs. Rutgers football game
The 1869 Princeton vs. Rutgers football game was played between teams from Rutgers College, now Rutgers University, and the College of New Jersey, now Princeton University, on November 6, 1869. The rules governing play were based on the London-based Football Association's 1863 rules that disallowed carrying or throwing the ball making it the first intercollegiate soccer game in the United States. Additionally, because gridiron football developed from the rules of association football and rugby football, many also consider the game played on November 6 to be the first gridiron game and the first collegiate American football game. Rutgers won the game 6–4.

George Riley Dixon
George Riley Dixon (July 23, 1848 - June 11, 1912) was an American college football player and lawyer.   He was a member of the Rutgers team in the first ever college football game. He was a member of the Pennsylvania Legislature, representing Elk County, from 1893 to 1901.
American Association of Hispanics in Higher Education
The American Association of Hispanics in Higher Education (AAHHE) represents professional academics, researchers, educators, and students in the United States of America and focuses on issues affecting Hispanics in higher education. It functions as a nonprofit 501(c)(3) membership society.

501(c) organization
A 501(c) organization is a nonprofit organization in the federal law of the United States according to Internal Revenue Code (26 U.S.C. § 501(c)). Such organizations are exempt from some federal income taxes. Sections 503 through 505 set out the requirements for obtaining such exemptions. Many states refer to Section 501(c) for definitions of organizations exempt from state taxation as well. 501(c) organizations can receive unlimited contributions from individuals, corporations, and unions.

For example, a nonprofit organization may be tax-exempt under section 501(c)(3) if its primary activities are charitable, religious, educational, scientific, literary, testing for public safety, fostering amateur sports competition, or preventing cruelty to children or animals.
Walerian Pańko
Janusz Walerian Pańko (born. October 8, 1941 in Turze Pole – October 7, 1991 in Słostowice) was a Polish lawyer and professor of legal science. An activist of the democratic opposition during the People's Republic of Poland, a member of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland (X term), he died while serving as president of the NIK, Poland's Supreme Audit Office.

Słostowice
Słostowice [swɔstɔˈvit͡sɛ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Gomunice, within Radomsko County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) north of Radomsko and 67 km (42 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź.
Helga Schneider
Helga Schneider (born in Steinberg (now Jastrzębnik in Poland), 17 November 1937) is an Italian writer of German origin. She was the recipient of the Rapallo Carige Prize 1996 for II rogo di Berlino.

The 2017 biopic Let me go, directed by Scottish director and screenwriter Polly Steele, premiered at the Edinburgh International Film Festival.

Edinburgh International Film Festival
The Edinburgh International Film Festival (EIFF), established in 1947, is the world's oldest continually running film festival.

EIFF presents both UK and international films (all titles are World, international, European or UK Premieres), in all genres and lengths. It also presents themed retrospectives and other specialized programming strands.
Rhuddlan Teifi
Rhuddlan, also known as Rhuddlan Teifi, is a small village in the  community of Llanwenog, Ceredigion, Wales. Rhuddlan is represented in the Senedd by Elin Jones (Plaid Cymru) and is part of the Ceredigion Preseli constituency in the House of Commons.

House of Commons
The House of Commons is the name for the elected lower house of the bicameral parliaments of the United Kingdom and Canada. In both of these countries, the Commons holds much more legislative power than the upper house of parliament, which is nominally superior. The leader of the majority party in the House of Commons by convention becomes the prime minister. Other parliaments have also had a lower house called the "House of Commons".