hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gamma Ray Spectrometer (2001 Mars Odyssey)
The Gamma Ray Spectrometer (GRS) is a gamma-ray spectrometer on the 2001 Mars Odyssey spacecraft, a space probe orbiting the planet Mars since 2001. Part of NASA's Mars Surveyor 2001 program, it returns geological data about Mars's surface such as identifying elements and the location of water. It is maintained by the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory at the University of Arizona in the United States.  This instrument has mapped the distribution surface hydrogen, thought to trace water in the surface layer of Martian soil.

Mars Surveyor 2001
The Mars Surveyor 2001 project was a multi-part Mars exploration mission intended as a follow-up to Mars Surveyor '98. After the two probes of the 1998 project, Mars Climate Orbiter and Mars Polar Lander, were both lost, NASA's "better, faster, cheaper" exploration philosophy was re-evaluated, with a particular eye on the two 2001 project probes. As a result, the mission, along with the launch of its lander and rover, were canceled in May 2000, but the decision was made to continue development with its orbiter counterpart. The orbiter launched as 2001 Mars Odyssey in April 2001, in a mission independent of the Mars Surveyor project, and reached Mars in October 2001. After being placed in a cleanroom in 2001 and stored since, the nearly-completed lander component was eventually reused to fly the Phoenix mission, which launched in August 2007 and landed successfully on Mars in May 2008.
N-Heterocyclic olefins
An N-heterocyclic olefin (NHO) is a neutral heterocyclic compound with a highly polarized, electron-rich C=C olefin attached to a heterocycle made up of two nitrogen atoms. A derivative of N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs), NHO was first synthesized in 1961 by Horst Böhme and Fritz Soldan, but the term NHO was not used until 2011 by Eric Rivard and coworkers. Since its discovery, NHOs have been applied in organocatalysis, metal ligation, and polymerization.

Persistent carbene
A persistent carbene (also known as stable carbene) is an organic molecule whose natural resonance structure has a carbon atom with incomplete octet (a carbene), but does not exhibit the tremendous instability typically associated with such moieties.  The best-known examples and by far largest subgroup are the N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHC) (sometimes called Arduengo carbenes), in which nitrogen atoms flank the formal carbene.

Modern theoretical analysis suggests that the term "persistent carbene" is in fact a misnomer.  Persistent carbenes do not in fact have a carbene electronic structure in their ground state, but instead an ylide stabilized by aromatic resonance or steric shielding.  Acid catalyzes the carbene-like dimerization that some persistent carbenes undergo over the course of days.

Persistent carbenes in general, and Arduengo carbenes in particular, are popular ligands in organometallic chemistry.
Abraham Hochmuth
Abraham Hochmuth (December 14, 1816 at Bán, Hungary – June 10, 1889 at Veszprém) was a Hungarian rabbi.

While attending the Charles University in Prague, he pursued the study of the Talmud with S. L. Rapoport. In 1846 he was appointed principal of the newly founded Jewish school at Miskolcz, where in 1850 he opened a private school. In 1852 he was called to the rabbinate of Kula; in 1860, to that of Veszprim. He was a prominent member of the Hungarian Jewish Congress and, later, of the board of the rabbinical seminary in Budapest. He was a contributor to "Ben Chananja," "Neuzeit," and other periodicals. His works include: "Die Jüdische Schule in Ungarn, Wie Sie Ist und Wie Sie Sein Soll," Miskolcz, 1851; "Leopold Löw als Theologe, Historiker und Publicist, Gewürdigt," Leipsic, 1871; "Gotteserkenntniss und Gottesverehrung auf Grundlage der Heiligen Schrift und Späterer Quellen, Bearbeitet als Lehr- und Handbuch zum Religionsunterricht" (also in Hungarian), Budapest, 1882.

Veszprém
Veszprém (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈvɛspreːm]; German: Weißbrünn, Czech: Bezpřím, Slovak: Bezprím, Slovene: Belomost) is one of the oldest urban areas in Hungary, and a city with county rights. It lies approximately 15 km (9 mi) north of the Lake Balaton. It is the administrative center of the county of the same name.
Francis Reid
Brigadier Sir Francis Smith Reid CBE, RA (1900–1970) was a senior officer in the British Army during the Second World War and the following years.  He was the second Commander of the Ceylon Army from 1952 to 1955. His other commands included Commander, Ceylon Garrison and UK troops in Ceylon (1949–50), Cyprus District (1950–51) and Cyrenaica District (1951–52).

Reid was secretary to the Speaker of the House  of Commons. He lived at Berden Hall and is buried in the churchyard of St Nicholas' Church, Berden, Essex.

Berden
Berden is a village and civil parish in Essex, England. Berden village is approximately 6 miles (10 km) north from Bishop's Stortford, its post town (which is over the county boundary in Hertfordshire), and 21 miles (34 km) north-west of Essex's county town of Chelmsford. Berden parish, with its own parish council, is in the district of Uttlesford and in the parliamentary constituency of Saffron Walden.

At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 473.

Berden was part of Clavering hundred and is mentioned in the Domesday Book of 1086 as a location with four villagers and five smallholders.
Cwmbrwyno
Cwmbrwyno is a hamlet in the community of Melindwr, Ceredigion, Wales, which is 71.2 miles (114.7 km) from Cardiff and 172.3 miles (277.3 km) from London. Cwmbrwyno is represented in the Senedd by Elin Jones (Plaid Cymru) and is part of the Ceredigion Preseli constituency in the House of Commons.

There are former lead mines nearby.

Elin Jones
Elin Jones (born 1 September 1966), PC  MS is a Welsh politician who has served as the Llywydd of the Senedd since 2016. A member of Plaid Cymru, Jones has been the Member of the Senedd (MS) for Ceredigion since 1999.
Le Grand Docu-Soap
Le Grand Docu-Soap is Army of Lovers's sixth album. It is a compilation of songs from their previous albums, including three new songs: "Let The Sunshine In", "Hands Up" and "Everybody's Gotta Learn Sometime". The first two were also released as singles.  It was released throughout Europe between May and August 2001.

Candyman Messiah
"Candyman Messiah" is a song by Army of Lovers and released as a single in 1991. This song is written by Alexander Bard, Anders Wollbeck, Camilla Henemark and Jean-Pierre Barda. It peaked at number 22 in Sweden and number 10 in Finland. Michaela de la Cour was featured in the video following La Camilla's departure from the band.
Tracteur Panhard-Châtillon
The Tracteur Panhard-Châtillon (French pronunciation: [tʁaktœʁ panaʁ(d) ʃatijɔ̃] was a conventional-cabin, all-wheel drive truck produced between 1911 and 1918 by the French manufacturer Panhard. It was one of the first all-wheel drive trucks used by the French military.

Panhard
Panhard was a French motor vehicle manufacturer that began as one of the first makers of automobiles. It was a manufacturer of light tactical and military vehicles. Its final incarnation, now owned by Renault Trucks Defense, was formed by the acquisition of Panhard by Auverland in 2005, and then by Renault in 2012. In 2018, Renault Trucks Defense, ACMAT and Panhard combined under a single brand, Arquus.
Frank Caprio
Frank Caprio (November 24, 1936 – August 20, 2025) was an American judge and politician who served as the chief judge of the municipal court of Providence, Rhode Island, and chairman of the Rhode Island Board of Governors for Higher Education. His judicial work was televised on the program Caught in Providence. He also made appearances in the series Parking Wars, adjudicating several cases of traffic violations. The Caught in Providence YouTube channel has 2.92 million subscribers. In 2017, his videos in the courtroom went viral, with more than 15 million views. By 2022, views of Caught in Providence neared 500 million. He became well known for his empathy and light humor in court. A Democrat, Caprio served on the Providence City Council in the 1960s, and unsuccessfully ran for both Lieutenant Governor and Attorney General.

City court
A city court or municipal court is a court of law with jurisdiction limited to a city or other municipality. It typically addresses "violations of city ordinances and may also have jurisdiction over minor criminal cases...and over certain civil cases." Examples include Moscow City Court in Russia, Municipal Court of Chicago and New York City Civil Court in the United States.
Austromusotima camptozonale
Austromusotima camptozonale, the climbing maidhair pyralid moth, is a moth of the family Crambidae. It is native to Australia, but attempts have been made to introduce it to southern Florida as a biological control agent for Old World climbing fern.

The wingspan is about 10 mm.

The larvae feed on Lygodium microphyllum, Lygodium japonicum and Lygodium palmatum.

Lygodium japonicum
Lygodium japonicum is a species of fern that is known by the common names Japanese climbing fern and vine-like fern. It is native to eastern Asia, from Pakistan through India east to Taiwan, Japan, Korea, and south through southeastern Asia to New Guinea. The fern is present in the southeastern United States, Puerto Rico, South Africa, and Australia as an introduced species.
Khairuddin Mohamed Yusof
Khairuddin bin Mohamed Yusof (born 30 July 1939 in Perak, Malaysia) is a Malaysian obstetrician and gynecologist. He is a professor emeritus at the University of Malaya. He received the Emeritus from the university in the year 2004 and Darjah Dato` Paduka Cura Simanja Kini (DPCM) which brings the title of "Dato’ Paduka" from Malaysia's state King of Perak in 1998.

Datuk
Datuk (or its variant Dato' or Datu; literally: grandfather) is a Malay honorific title commonly used in Brunei, Indonesia, and Malaysia, as well as a traditional title by Minangkabau people in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Use of the title various between locations, in some cases being bestowed by a ruler and in other cases being inherited by family line.

The title of the wife of a male Datuk is Datin. Women with the title can take either the title Datin or Datuk.
1989 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final
The 1989 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final was a Gaelic football match played at Croke Park on 17 September 1989 to determine the winners of the 1989 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, the 103rd season of the All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, a tournament organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association for the champions of the four provinces of Ireland. The final was contested by Mayo of Connacht and Cork of Munster, with Cork winning by 0–17 to 1–11.

Provinces of Ireland
There are four provinces of Ireland: Connacht, Leinster, Munster and Ulster. The Irish word for this territorial division, cúige, meaning "fifth part", suggests that there were once five, and at times Meath has been considered to be the fifth province. In the medieval period, however, there were often more than five. The number of provinces and their delineation fluctuated until 1610, when they were permanently set by the administration of James I. The provinces of Ireland no longer serve administrative or political purposes but function as historical and cultural entities.
Ken Grimes
Ken Grimes (born 1947) is an American artist from New York City. He was raised in Cheshire, Connecticut and creates his art at Fellowship Place in New Haven, Connecticut. Grimes is widely considered to be an outsider artist.

Grimes' artwork consists of monochrome drawings and paintings, typically consisting of white text and diagrams on a black background. His art deals with themes of coincidences, outer space, extraterrestrial life, and UFOs. Grimes received a Wynn Newhouse Award for his work in 2013.

Coincidence
A coincidence is a remarkable concurrence of events or circumstances that have no apparent causal connection with one another. The perception of remarkable coincidences may lead to supernatural, occult, or paranormal claims, or it may lead to belief in fatalism, which is a doctrine that events will happen in the exact manner of a predetermined plan. In general, the perception of coincidence, for lack of more sophisticated explanations, can serve as a link to folk psychology and philosophy.

From a statistical perspective, coincidences are inevitable and often less remarkable than they may appear intuitively. Usually, coincidences are chance events with underestimated probability. An example is the birthday problem, which shows that the probability of two persons having the same birthday already exceeds 50% in  a group of only 23 persons. Generalizations of the birthday problem are a key tool used for mathematically modelling coincidences.
D-amino-acid transaminase
In enzymology, a D-amino-acid transaminase (EC 2.6.1.21) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:

D-alanine + 2-oxoglutarate  pyruvate + D-glutamate

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are D-alanine and 2-oxoglutarate, whereas its two products are pyruvate and D-glutamate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the transaminases, which transfer nitrogenous groups.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is D-alanine:2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase. Other names in common use include D-aspartate transaminase, D-alanine aminotransferase, D-aspartic aminotransferase, D-alanine-D-glutamate transaminase, D-alanine transaminase, and D-amino acid aminotransferase.  This enzyme participates in 6 metabolic pathways: lysine degradation, arginine and proline metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, D-arginine and D-ornithine metabolism, D-alanine metabolism, and peptidoglycan biosynthesis.  It employs one cofactor, pyridoxal phosphate.

Pyridoxal phosphate
Pyridoxal phosphate (PLP, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, P5P), the active form of vitamin B6, is a coenzyme in a variety of enzymatic reactions. The International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology has catalogued more than 140 PLP-dependent activities, corresponding to ~4% of all classified activities. The versatility of PLP arises from its ability to covalently bind the substrate, and then to act as an electrophilic catalyst, thereby stabilizing different types of carbanionic reaction intermediates.
Jožef Kerec
Jožef Kerec (born Kerécz József) (15 October 1892 in Prosečka Vas – 27 June 1974) was the first Slovene Salesian missionary in China.

Kerec spent his childhood in the Prosečka Vas, Prekmurje (by 1920 in Hungary, Slovene March), where his family was from. Before departing for China, Kerec was politically active in Prekmurje. On 17 August 1919, a few days after Prekmurje became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (colloquially called Yugoslavia), he spoke at a big public rally in Beltinci in support of Slovenia and the Kingdom, because he was Slovene and Slave.

As a missionary, Jožef Kerec departed to Macau in 1921, arrived there on 18 August 1921 and had his first mass in Macau on 26 June 1923. He also worked in Malaysia, Vietnam, Hong Kong and in China, where from 1939 till 1951 he was the apostolic administrator in the city of Zhaotong. Kerec died and was buried in Veržej, Slovenia. A memorial plaque to him is on the wall of the parish church in Pečarovci.

Veržej
Veržej (pronounced [ʋɛɾˈʒeːi̯]) is a settlement in northeastern Slovenia. It is the seat of the Municipality of Veržej. It lies on the right bank of the Mura River. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Mura Statistical Region. It was known for fields of white narcisi that bloom in the area in springtime.
Ute Ebert
Ute M. Ebert is a German physicist known for her research on plasma physics and electric discharge in gases. She is a researcher in the Netherlands at the Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, where she heads the research group on multiscale dynamics, and a part-time full professor at the Eindhoven University of Technology, affiliated with the Elementary Processes in Gas Discharges group.

Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica
The Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (abbr. CWI; English: "National Research Institute for Mathematics and Computer Science") is a research centre in the field of mathematics and  theoretical computer science. It is part of the institutes organization of the Dutch Research Council (NWO) and is located at the Amsterdam Science Park. This institute is famous as the creation site of the programming language Python. It was a founding member of the European Research Consortium for Informatics and Mathematics (ERCIM).
José Peña (baseball)
José "Peluche" Peña Gutiérrez (born December 3, 1942) is a Mexican former pitcher in Major League Baseball. He pitched from 1969 to 1972 for the Cincinnati Reds and Los Angeles Dodgers.

Gutiérrez played winter baseball in the Mexican Pacific League for 22 seasons with the Cañeros de Los Mochis, Naranjeros de Hermosillo, Venados de Mazatlán, Algodoneros de Guasave, Mayos de Navojoa and Ostioneros de Guaymas.

In February 2025, Peña was selected by a committee of journalists as a pitcher for the Mexican League Centennial All-Time Team on the occasion of the league's hundredth anniversary.

Mexican Pacific League
The Mexican Pacific League (Spanish: Liga Mexicana del Pacífico, or LMP), also known as the Liga ARCO Mexicana del Pacífico for sponsorship reasons, is a professional baseball winter league based in Northwestern Mexico. The league comprises 10 teams. It was founded in 1945. The league's champion takes part in the Caribbean Series each year.

The sixty-eight game regular season is split in two halves. After each half, the teams are awarded points. The first place team earns ten points, while the last place team earns three and a half points. At the end of the regular season the total number of points are added up from both halves to determine playoff positioning. The top eight teams advance. There are no divisions.
Persibabar West Bangka
Persatuan Sepakbola Indonesia Bangka Barat (simply known as Persibabar) is an  Indonesian football club based in Muntok, West Bangka Regency, Bangka Belitung Islands. They currently compete in Liga 4 Bangka Belitung Islands zone.

Muntok
Muntok (Indonesian pronunciation: [ˈmun̪t̪ɔʔ]; Chinese: 文岛) or, more commonly, Mentok (Indonesian pronunciation: [mən̪ˈt̪ɔʔ]) is a town in the Indonesian province of Bangka-Belitung on the island of Sumatra. The capital of West Bangka Regency (Bangka Barat), it is the site of the biggest tin smelter on the world. Mentok refers to the tip of the island.
Tatyana Kurnikova
Tatyana Stanislavovna Kurnikova (Russian: Татьяна Станиславовна Курникова; born 1965) is a Soviet swimmer who won two medals at the 1985 European Aquatics Championships. She missed the 1984 Summer Olympics due to their boycott by the Soviet Unions and competed at the Friendship Games instead, winning four medals. She won another four medals, two gold and two silver, at the Universiades in 1983 and 1985.

Currently she works as a swimming coach at a sports school in Moscow. and occasionally competes in the masters category.

FISU World University Games
The FISU World University Games, formerly the Universiade, is an international multi-sport event, organized for university athletes by the International University Sports Federation (FISU). The former name is a portmanteau of the words "University" and "Olympiad".

The Universiade is referred to in English as the World University Games or World Student Games; however, this latter term can also refer to competitions for sub-University grades students. In July 2020 as part of a new branding system by the FISU, it was stated that the Universiade was to be officially branded as the FISU World University Games.

The most recent summer event was the 2025 Summer World University Games held in Rhine-Ruhr region, Germany held from 16-27 July 2025, while the most recent winter event was the 2025 Winter World University Games held in Turin, Italy from 13 to 23 January 2025.
Western Marine Shipyard
Western Marine Shipyard Limited is a publicly listed shipbuilding company standing with over 42 acres of land beside the Karnaphuli River in Chattogram, Bangladesh. The shipyard has constructed various types of vessels, including ocean-going multi-purpose cargo vessels, passenger vessels & boats, oil tankers, ro-ro ferries, pontoons, barges, fishing trawlers, dredgers, tug boats, container vessels, etc. It owns an 89 percent share of Bangladesh's shipbuilding market. The company is listed on Dhaka and Chittagong Stock Exchange.

Dhaka Stock Exchange
The Dhaka Stock Exchange (DSE; Bengali: ঢাকা স্টক এক্সচেঞ্জ Dhaka stôk ekschenj), located in Nikunja, Dhaka, is one of the two stock exchanges of Bangladesh, the other being the Chittagong Stock Exchange.
Curse of 1940
The Curse of 1940, also called Dutton's Curse, was a superstitious explanation for why the National Hockey League's (NHL) New York Rangers did not win the league's championship trophy, the Stanley Cup, from 1940 through 1994.

1982–83 NHL season
The 1982–83 NHL season was the 66th season of the National Hockey League. The Colorado Rockies relocated to East Rutherford, New Jersey, becoming the New Jersey Devils. The New York Islanders won their fourth Stanley Cup in a row with their second consecutive finals sweep by beating the Edmonton Oilers four games to none. It remains to date the last time that any major professional North American sports team has won four consecutive playoff championships.
Ghozt Crew
Ghozt Crew is an Australian paranormal documentary series, that follows Rob Kerr, Lorraine Kerr, Bobby C and Marshall Davison as they travel to and film in Australia's most haunted locations. They are unofficially recognized as Australia's leading paranormal investigation team, and have appeared on National Television, Radio, Newspapers. Ghozt Crew have filmed at Monte Cristo Homestead Junee, Studley Park House, Maitland Gaol, Old Dubbo Gaol, Macquarie Arms Hotel, Picton, Beechworth Lunatic Asylum, The Bright Oriental Hotel as well as many more famous Australian haunted locations.

Macquarie Arms Hotel
Macquarie Arms Hotel is a heritage-listed hotel at Thompson Square in Windsor, New South Wales, Australia. It is also known as the Royal Hotel. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.
Mosharraf Hossain (Bangladesh politician, died 2014)
Muhammad Mosharraf Hossain (Bengali: মুহাম্মদ মোশাররফ হোসেন; 22 January 1940 – 18 August 2014) was a Bangladesh Nationalist Party politician and a Jatiya Sangsad member from Feni-3 constituency in the 1996, 2001, and 2008 elections. He is the sponsor Director of Islami Bank Bangladesh Limited.

1991 Bangladeshi general election
General elections were held in Bangladesh on 27 February 1991. The Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP) emerged as the largest party in parliament, winning 140 of the 300 directly elected seats. The BNP formed a government with the support of Jamaat-e-Islami Bangladesh and on 20 March Khaleda Zia was sworn in for her first term as Prime Minister.

The elections were described to be free and fair by many international observers, and it played a major role in solidifying Bangladeshi democracy in aftermath of the anti-government protests in late 1980s. Voter turnout was 55.4%.

The election was disproportionate, with the BNP winning 52 more seats than the Awami League, despite their popular vote total differing by less than one percentage point.