hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Interdepartmental Liaison Group on Risk Assessment
The UK Interdepartmental Liaison Group on Risk Assessment (ILGRA) was "an informal committee of officials responsible for policy development and practical applications of risk assessment in all major Departments."

The overriding purpose of ILGRA is to "secure coherence and consistency within and between policy and practice in risk assessment as undertaken by Government, and help disseminate and advance good practice." It achieves these aims through holding regular meetings, at which risk assessment issues are discussed. Reports are then prepared by ILGRA members to ministers in the relevant UK Government departments.

ILGRA meetings and resultant reports tend to focus predominantly on health, safety and environmental risks, although its remit is not confined to this areas exclusively.

Risk
Risk is the possibility of something bad happening, comprising a level of uncertainty about the effects and implications of an activity, particularly negative and undesirable consequences.

Risk theory, assessment, and management are applied but substantially differ in different practice areas, such as business, economics, environment, finance, information technology, health, insurance, safety, security, and privacy. The international standard for risk management, ISO 31000, provides general guidelines and principles on managing risks faced by organizations.
Nute
Nute is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alonzo Nute (1826–1892), American politician

Benjamin Nute (1800–1877), American farmer and businessman

Grace Lee Nute (1895–1990), American historian

Richard Nute, American engineer

Grace Lee Nute
Grace Lee Nute (13 October 1895, in North Conway, New Hampshire – 4 May 1990, in Menlo Park, California) was a history professor and curator of manuscripts. She was among the pioneers of using microfilm to preserve information from manuscripts and increase their accessibility.
Blue Ventures
Blue Ventures is a charity focused on marine conservation. It is based in the UK.

The organization operates in the Indian Ocean, Southeast Asia, and the Caribbean, with sites in Madagascar, Belize, Indonesia, and Timor-Leste. They also manage projects in Comoros, Kenya, Mozambique, and Tanzania.

Charity (practice)
Charity is the voluntary provision of assistance to those in need. It serves as a humanitarian act, and is unmotivated by self-interest. Various philosophical views about charity exist, which are often associated with religion.
Paroa, Bay of Plenty
Paroa is a rural locality situated near Whakatāne in the Bay of Plenty region of New Zealand. The small, predominantly Māori community is located along State Highway 30, and contains a school and a sports rugby club.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "broad fortified village" for Pāroa.

Pā
The word pā (Māori pronunciation: [ˈpaː]; often spelled pa in English) can refer to any Māori village or defensive settlement, but often refers to hillforts – fortified settlements with palisades and defensive terraces – and also to fortified villages. Pā sites occur mainly in the North Island of New Zealand, north of Lake Taupō. Over 5,000 sites have been located, photographed and examined, although few have been subject to detailed analysis. Variations similar to pā occur throughout central Polynesia, in the islands of Fiji, Tonga and the Marquesas Islands.

In Māori culture, a great pā represented the mana (prestige or power) and strategic ability of an iwi (tribe or tribal confederacy), as personified by a rangatira (chieftain). Māori built pā in various defensible locations around the territory (rohe) of an iwi to protect fertile plantation-sites and food supplies.
Abano Terme
Abano Terme (known as Abano Bagni until 1924; Venetian: Àbano) is a town and comune in the Province of Padua, in the Veneto region, Italy, on the eastern slope of the Euganean Hills; it is 10 kilometres (6 mi) southwest by rail from Padua. Abano Terme's population is 19,062 (2001) (in 1901 it was 4,556).

The town's hot springs and mud baths are an important economic resource. The waters have a temperature of about 80 °C (176 °F).

Mud bath
A mud bath is a therapeutic treatment that involves soaking in a bath of warm mud, often in a natural hot spring or geothermal pool, inland sea or at a spa. Mud baths have been used for centuries as a way to promote health and relaxation, and are still popular today in many parts of the world. Mud baths can be found at spa resorts and hot springs, both (natural and developed) globally.
Paparā
Paparā is a commune of French Polynesia, an overseas territory of France in the Pacific Ocean. Paparā is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. At the 2022 census it had a population of 11,743.

Society Islands
The Society Islands are an archipelago in Polynesia in the South Pacific Ocean. Politically, the islands are part of French Polynesia, an semi-autonomous part of France. The largest and most populous island is Tahiti. Other major islands are Moʻorea, Raiatea, Bora Bora and Huahine.
Manzaras
Manzaras (Tatar: Манзарас, romanized: Manzaras) is a rural locality (a selo) in Kukmara District, Tatarstan. The population was 864 as of 2010.
Manzaras is located 2 km from Kukmara, district's administrative centre, and 164 km from Ԛazan, republic's capital, by road.
The earliest known record of the settlement dates from 1678.
There are 27 streets in the village.

Kukmorsky District
Kukmorsky District (Russian: Кукморский райо́н; Tatar: Кукмара районы) is a territorial administrative unit and municipality of the Republic of Tatarstan within the Russian Federation. The district is located in the north of the republic and occupies a total area of 1,493 square kilometers (576 sq mi). According to the 2010 census, the municipality had a population of 52,021. As of 2020, the district population was 51,567 people. The administrative center of the district is the urban-type settlement of Kukmor which accounts for 32.5% of the district's total population.

Initially a working village, Zavod Kukmor began as a community that formed around a copper processing enterprise. A metal smelting plant was subsequently founded there and a Kukmor industrial park has been operating on the territory of the settlement since 2015. Two years later the village of Kukmor received the status of a city. There are three city-forming enterprises in the district as of 2020.
Tangerine (Led Zeppelin song)
"Tangerine" is a folk rock song by the English band Led Zeppelin.  Recorded in 1970, it is included on the second, more acoustic-oriented side of Led Zeppelin III (1970).  The plaintive ballad reflects on lost love and features strummed acoustic guitar rhythm with pedal steel guitar.

The Yardbirds, with guitarist Jimmy Page, recorded an early version of the song in 1968, titled "Knowing That I'm Losing You".  When it was released on the Page-produced 2017 album Yardbirds '68, Keith Relf's vocal was left out.  "Tangerine" has been performed in concert by Led Zeppelin at different points in their career and has been recorded by other musicians.

John Paul Jones (musician)
John Paul Jones (born John Richard Baldwin; 3 January 1946) is an English musician and record producer who was the bassist and keyboardist for the rock band Led Zeppelin.  He was a session musician and arranger when he formed the band with Jimmy Page in 1968. Jones developed a solo career after drummer John Bonham died and Led Zeppelin disbanded in 1980. He has collaborated with musicians in a variety of genres, including the supergroup Them Crooked Vultures with Dave Grohl, Josh Homme, and Alain Johannes. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1995 as a member of Led Zeppelin.
Schima superba
Schima superba is a species of flowering plant in the tea family Theaceae, native to subtropical areas of Vietnam, southern China, Hainan, Taiwan, and the Ryukyu Islands. With Pinus massoniana it often dominates forests from 100 to 800 m (300 to 2,600 ft) in elevation. It is used as a street tree in a number of southern Chinese cities.

S. superba has a long history; in China, it has been described as early as in the "Classic of Mountains and Seas", and it is one of the "sacred trees" in this classic text.
S. superba is a precious and multi-purpose tree species.

Theaceae
Theaceae (/θiˈeɪsii/), the tea family, is a family of flowering plants comprising shrubs and trees, including the economically important tea plant, and the ornamental camellias. It can be described as having from seven to 40 genera, depending on the source and the method of circumscription used. The family Ternstroemiaceae has been included within Theaceae; however, the APG III system of 2009 places it instead in Pentaphylacaceae. Most but not all species are native to China and East Asia.
Maria of Kvarngarden
Maria of Kvarngarden (Swedish: Maria på Kvarngården) is a 1945 Swedish drama film directed by Arne Mattsson and starring Edvin Adolphson, Viveca Lindfors and Irma Christenson. It was shot at the Centrumateljéerna Studios in Stockholm and on location in Uppsala. The film's sets were designed by the art director Bertil Duroj.

Bertil Duroj
Bertil Duroj (1893–1967) was a Swedish art director. Active in the Swedish film industry he designed the sets for more than a hundred productions during his career. These included The Yellow Clinic (1942).
Dewan Mohammad Azraf
Dewan Mohammad Azraf  (Bengali: দেওয়ান মোহাম্মদ আজরফ; 1908–1999) was a Bengali philosopher, teacher, author, politician, journalist and activist. In 1993, he was honoured as a National Professor in Bangladesh. He was also a supporter of the Bengali language movement. For his support of the movement, he was dismissed from the post of the principal of Sunamganj College in 1954, the same year he was promoted to the post. His support was particularly influential when he edited the Nao Belal in 1948. He was actively involved with Kaikobad Sahitya Majlish (1972–99).

Influenced by the thought of Muhammad Iqbal, he has been described as "a prolific writer" who "produced sixty monographs, over 1,000 articles in Bangla and English, 109 novels, poems, songs, and ninety short stories. His works range from literature, arts, music, and religion to philosophy."

Hason Raja
Dewan Hason Raja Choudhury, or simply known as Hason Raja (Bengali: হাছন রাজা; 21 December 1854 – 6 December 1922), was a Bengali mystic poet and songwriter from Sylhet, Bengal Presidency (now Bangladesh). His unique style of music made him one of the most prominent figures in Bengali folk culture.
Barco, North Carolina
Barco is an unincorporated community in Currituck County, North Carolina, United States at the southern terminus of North Carolina Highway 168, on U.S. Highway 158.

It is the home of Currituck County High School and Currituck County Middle School.

U.S. Route 158
U.S. Route 158 (US 158) is an east–west United States highway that runs for 350 miles (560 km) from Mocksville to Whalebone Junction in Nags Head, and is located entirely in the state of North Carolina. The longest intrastate U.S. Route in the system, it is also a critical route that connects the cities of Winston-Salem, Summerfield, and Reidsville with one another.
Darrick Brown
Darrick Brown (born February 18, 1984) is an American former football cornerback. He played college football at McNeese State, and signed with the Oakland Raiders as an undrafted free agent in 2008. He was on the Raiders' active roster for part of the 2008 season but did not play in any games.

Brown was also a member of the New Orleans Saints, Indianapolis Colts, New Orleans VooDoo, and Allen Wranglers.

McNeese State University
McNeese State University is a public university in Lake Charles, Louisiana, United States. Founded in 1939 as Lake Charles Junior College, it was renamed McNeese Junior College after John McNeese, an early local educator. The present name was adopted in 1970. McNeese is part of the University of Louisiana System and is classified as a Master's University. The university consists of six colleges and the Doré School of Graduate Studies. McNeese is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.
1963 Moroccan general election
Parliamentary elections were held for the first time in Morocco on 17 May 1963. They followed the approval of a constitution in a referendum the previous year. The result was a victory for the pro-Monarchy Front for the Defence of Constitutional Institutions (FDIC), which won 69 seats. However, the two main opposition parties, the Istiqlal Party and the National Union of Popular Forces, won exactly the same number of seats. Voter turnout was 71.8%. However, in November the Supreme Court annulled the results of several seats won by the opposition. By-elections held in January 1964 gave the FDIC control of Parliament, which was eventually dissolved by King Hassan II in 1965.

Indirect elections to the House of Councillors were held on 12 October, with the FDIC winning 102 of the 120 seats.

Constitution of Morocco
The Constitution of Morocco is the Basic Law of the Kingdom of Morocco. The constitution defines Morocco as an Islamic constitutional monarchy and lays out the fundamental rights of Moroccan citizens, it also defines the basis and structures of government, the council of ministers, and the parliament.

The first Constitution of Morocco was adopted in 1962, 6 years after the country regained independence. From and following that event, the King Mohammed V worked for the establishment of political and constitutional institutions. The National Advisory Council originally created the legislation text governing public freedoms and freedom of expression, known as the Dahir, which was enacted on November 15, 1959. In 1960, the Constitutional Council was established, and the first Constitution was proposed on November 18, 1962. This draft was ratified through a referendum on December 7, 1962, and was finally promulgated one week later, on December 14.
Modulation doping
Modulation doping  is a technique for fabricating semiconductors such that the free charge carriers are spatially separated from the donors. Because this eliminates scattering from the donors, modulation-doped semiconductors have very high carrier mobilities.

Electrical mobility
Electrical mobility is the ability of charged particles (such as electrons or protons) to move through a medium in response to an electric field that is pulling them. The separation of ions according to their mobility in gas phase is called ion mobility spectrometry, in liquid phase it is called electrophoresis.
Asunción Acosta
Asunción Acosta Galano (born 10 May 1954) is a retired Cuban sprinter. She competed in the women's 400 metres at the 1972 Summer Olympics. She won a bronze medal in the 4 x 400 metres relay at the 1975 Pan American Games.

Her personal best in the 400 metres is 52.9 set in 1975.

1975 Pan American Games
The 1975 Pan American Games, officially known as the VII Pan American Games (Spanish: VII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Mexico 1975 (Spanish: México 1975), were held in Mexico City, Mexico, from October 12 to October 26, 1975, exactly twenty years after the second Pan American Games were held there. It was the third major sporting event held in the Mexican capital in seven years, after the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1970 FIFA World Cup.
Justin Thomas
Justin Louis Thomas (born April 29, 1993) is an American professional golfer who plays on the PGA Tour and is a former world number one. In 2017, Thomas experienced a breakout year, winning five PGA Tour events and the FedEx Cup championship.  He has won two major golf championships, winning the PGA Championship in 2017 and 2022.

In May 2018, Thomas became the 21st player to top the Official World Golf Ranking. After winning his second major, Thomas struggled in 2023 and 2024, falling outside the top 30 in the world for the first time in over seven years. In 2025, Thomas returned to the winner's circle for the first time in nearly three years, winning the RBC Heritage and returning to the top 10 in the OWGR.

FedEx Cup
The FedEx Cup is the championship trophy for the PGA Tour.  Its introduction in 2007 marked the first time that men's professional golf had a playoff system. Since its inception, the competition has been sponsored by FedEx. In 2022, the PGA Tour added the FedEx St. Jude Championship to the tournament, expanding the partnership with St. Jude Children's Research Hospital as the tournament's designated charity.

The FedEx Cup is a season long competition. Points are awarded based on finishing position in all PGA Tour sanctioned tournaments. The leading points earners throughout the regular season qualify for the playoffs. Players are further eliminated after each of the first two playoff events, with the leading 30 points earners qualifying for the Tour Championship.

Tommy Fleetwood is the current champion, after he won the Tour Championship in 2025.

Rory McIlroy has the most titles with three. The only other player to win multiple FedEx Cups is Tiger Woods, with two.
Brent Sanford
Brent Sanford (born December 23, 1971) is an American politician who was the 38th lieutenant governor of North Dakota from 2016 to 2023. A member of the Republican Party, he previously was Mayor of Watford City from 2010 to 2016.

Watford City, North Dakota
Watford City (Hidatsa: abaʔaruʔush), founded in 1914, is a city in and the county seat of McKenzie County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 6,207 at the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 6,207 in 2024, making it the 14th most populous city in North Dakota. Because Watford City is part of the Bakken field, the North Dakota oil boom has significantly increased population and construction since the 2010 census.

The main offices of First International Bank and the headquarters of McKenzie Electric Cooperative are in Watford City. The local newspaper is the McKenzie County Farmer.
Draby
Draby [ˈdrabɨ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Działoszyn, within Pajęczno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south-west of Działoszyn, 16 km (10 mi) south-west of Pajęczno, and 91 km (57 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Pajęczno
Pajęczno [paˈjɛnt͡ʂnɔ] is a town in Poland, in Łódź Voivodeship. It is the capital of Pajęczno County. It lies approximately 40 kilometres (25 miles) north of Częstochowa. Its population is 6,651 (2020). It is located in the Sieradz Land.
United States National Cyclo-cross Championships
The United States National Cyclocross Championships is a four-day competition held annually each winter and is sponsored by USA Cycling.  The winners at various levels, including elite, U-23, masters, juniors, and collegiate for men and women, wear the coveted stars and stripes jersey and are crowned United States national cyclo-cross champions.

USA Cycling
USA Cycling or USAC, based in Colorado Springs, Colorado, is the national governing body for bicycle racing in the United States. It covers the disciplines of road, track, mountain bike, cyclo-cross, and BMX across all ages and ability levels. In 2015, USAC had a membership of 61,631 individual members.

USA Cycling is associated with the UCI or, Union Cycliste Internationale, which governs international cycling, and the United States Olympic Committee (USOC). The organization is also a member of the continental body Confederacion Panamericana de Ciclismo (COPACI). USA Cycling also organizes the USA Cycling Pro Road Tour, the top road cycling series for men and women in the United States.
Harold Craighead
Harold G. Craighead (born September 21, 1952) is an American professor of applied and engineering physics at Cornell University in Ithaca, New York, where he holds the title of Charles W. Lake Professor of Engineering.

Engineering physics
Engineering physics (EP) is the field of study combining pure science disciplines (such as physics, mathematics, chemistry) and engineering disciplines (computer, nuclear, electrical, aerospace, medical, materials, mechanical, etc.).

In many languages, the term technical physics is also used.
It has been used since 1861, after being introduced by the German physics teacher J. Frick in his publications.
Deaths in February 2021
The following is a list of notable deaths in February 2021.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha
A Member of Parliament in the Lok Sabha (abbreviated: MP) is the representative of a legislative constituency in the Lok Sabha; the lower house of the Parliament of India. Members of parliament of Lok Sabha are chosen by direct elections on the basis of the adult suffrage. The maximum permitted strength of members of parliament in the Lok Sabha is 550. This includes the maximum 530 members to represent the constituencies and states and up to 20 members to represent the union territories (both chosen by direct elections). Between 1952 and January 25, 2020, two seats were reserved for members of the Anglo-Indian community. The current elected strength of the Lok Sabha is 543. The party—or coalition of parties—having a majority in the Lok Sabha chooses the Prime Minister of India.

All Members of Lok Sabha rank 21st in the Order of Precedence of India.
Arne Torp
Arne Torp (born 14 October 1942 in Holt, East Agder, Norway) is a Norwegian professor of North Germanic languages in the Department of Linguistics and Scandinavian Studies at the University of Oslo.

Torp has published widely, both for the higher education sector and for high school. Arne Torp was for years a member of the Norwegian Language Council and has participated in several radio and television programs in discussion of Nordic linguistics and the Norwegian language in particular.

Arne Torp is the father of actress Ane Dahl Torp.
He resides at Jar.

In 2008, Arne Torp participated in a series of radio commercials for the grocery chain Joker, where he used his knowledge of Norwegian dialects to discern the geographic origin of speakers.

Arne Torp was the leader of the 'Landslaget for språklig samling' (Norwegian: National Association for a Common Language) from 1989 to 1993. From 1993 to 2003, he was editor of the magazine-language collection.

Language Council of Norway
The Language Council of Norway (Norwegian: Språkrådet, Urban East Norwegian: [ˈsprôːkròːdə́]) is the administrative body of the Norwegian state on language issues. It regulates the two written forms of the Norwegian language: Bokmål and Nynorsk. It was established in 2005 and replaced the Norwegian Language Council (Norsk språkråd, Urban East Norwegian: [ˈnɔʂk ˈsprôːkrǒːd]) which existed from 1974 to 2005.  It is a subsidiary agency of the Ministry of Culture and has forty-four employees (as per 2023). It is one of two organisations involved in language standardization in Norway, alongside the Norwegian Academy.
Saunders Creek, Alberta
Saunders Creek is a ghost town in west-central  Alberta, Canada. Built as a coal mining community, the town existed from 1913 to 1954. It is located in the foothills of the Canadian Rockies near the David Thompson Highway, about 55 km west of the town of Rocky Mountain House. It was named for Saunders Creek, a small stream that runs immediately west of the townsite. The North Saskatchewan River flows nearby to the south.

Rocky Mountain House
Rocky Mountain House is a town in west-central Alberta, Canada. It is approximately 77 km (48 mi) west of Red Deer at the confluence of the Clearwater and North Saskatchewan Rivers, and at the crossroads of Highway 22 (Cowboy Trail) and Highway 11 (David Thompson Highway). The surrounding Clearwater County's administration office is located in Rocky Mountain House.