hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Susan Riechert
Susan Elise Riechert (born October 20, 1945) is an American behavioral ecologist known for her research in evolutionary biology, evolutionary game theory and the behavior of spiders. She is also known for her "biology in a box" teaching materials, used by hundreds of thousands of elementary and secondary school students in Tennessee.

Until her retirement in 2020, Riechert worked at the University of Tennessee as UTK Distinguished Service Professor and as UTK Chancellors Professor of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology. She was president of the American Arachnological Society for 1983–1985, and president of the Animal Behavior Society in 1997.

American Arachnological Society
The American Arachnological Society (AAS) is a scientific organization founded in 1972 in order to promote the study of arachnids by seeking to achieve closer cooperation and understanding between amateur and professional arachnologists along with publication of the Journal of Arachnology. The society holds annual meetings around the United States and membership is open to all individuals who share the common objectives held by the society.
Kodak Brownie
The Brownie was a series of camera models made by Eastman Kodak and first released in 1900.

It introduced the snapshot to the masses by addressing the cost factor which had meant that amateur photography remained beyond the means of many people; the Pocket Kodak, for example, would cost most families in Britain nearly a whole month's wages.

The Brownie was a basic cardboard box camera with a simple convex-concave lens that took 2+1⁄4-inch square pictures on No. 117 roll film. It was conceived and marketed for sales of Kodak roll films. Because of its simple controls and initial price of US$1 (equivalent to $39 in 2025) along with the low price of Kodak roll film and processing, the Brownie camera surpassed its marketing goal.

Lens
A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of refraction. A simple lens consists of a single piece of transparent material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually arranged along a common axis. Lenses are made from materials such as glass or plastic and are ground, polished, or molded to the required shape. A lens can focus light to form an image, unlike a prism, which refracts light without focusing. Devices that similarly focus or disperse waves and radiation other than visible light are also called "lenses", such as microwave lenses, electron lenses, acoustic lenses, or explosive lenses.

Lenses are used in various imaging devices such as telescopes, binoculars, and cameras. They are also used as visual aids in glasses to correct defects of vision such as myopia and hypermetropia.
I've Been Down That Road Before
"I've Been Down That Road Before" is a talking blues song by Hank Williams. It was released by MGM Records under the name "Luke the Drifter", which was a pseudonym for Hank's recitations. It was another dose of the sage advice that Luke the Drifter seemed endlessly capable of dispensing - and Hank Williams seemed just as capable of ignoring. Biographer Colin Escott calls it "perhaps the most directly biographical song he ever wrote, and leaves us guessing at the incidents that inspired it." He recorded it in Nashville on June 1, 1951 with Fred Rose producing and backing by Jerry Rivers (fiddle), Don Helms (steel guitar), Sammy Pruett (electric guitar), Jack Shook (rhythm guitar), Ernie Newton or "Cedric Rainwater", aka Howard Watts (bass), and possibly Owen Bradley (organ).

Don Helms
Donald Hugh Helms (February 28, 1927 – August 11, 2008) was an American musician who was the steel guitar player of Hank Williams's Drifting Cowboys group. He was a member of the Steel Guitar Hall of Fame (1984).
Cement Mills Halt railway station
Cement Mills Halt was a railway station between Cowes and Newport on the Isle of Wight. It was a public railway station throughout its life, although principally used by workers at the cement  works in Stag Lane. It was not included on public time tables but was available to ramblers visible enough on the primitive gas-lit platform to stop the train "on request". The trackway is now part of a national cycle route.

Newport, Isle of Wight
Newport is the county town of the Isle of Wight, an island county off the south coast of England. The town is slightly north of the centre of the island, located in the civil parish of Newport and Carisbrooke. It has a quay at the head of the navigable section of the River Medina, which flows northwards to Cowes and the Solent. The 2021 census recorded a population of 25,407.
Marist Red Foxes men's basketball
For information on all Marist University sports, see Marist Red Foxes

The Marist Red Foxes men's basketball team is the basketball team that represents Marist University in Poughkeepsie, New York, United States.  The school's team currently competes in the Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference. The Red Foxes have qualified for the NCAA tournament twice (1986, 1987), losing in the first round in both instances. Prior to joining the MAAC in 1997, Marist was a charter member of the ECAC Metro Conference in 1981; which became the Northeast Conference in 1988.

Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference
The Metro Atlantic Athletic Conference (MAAC, /mæk/) is a collegiate athletic conference affiliated with NCAA Division I. Its current 13 full members are located in five Northeastern states: Connecticut, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York.

Members are all relatively small private institutions, a majority Catholic or formerly Catholic, with the only exceptions being two secular institutions: Rider University and Quinnipiac University.

The MAAC currently sponsors 25 sports and has 17 associate member institutions.
Yandhai Nepean Crossing
The Yandhai Nepean Crossing is pedestrian bridge in Sydney, Australia. At 258 metres long, it is the longest single clear-span footbridge in Australia. Located immediately south of the Victoria Bridge, it carries cycle and pedestrian traffic over the Nepean River between Penrith and Emu Plains.

It was built by Seymour Whyte with the fabrication conducted by Civmec at its Tomago factory. Site preparation commenced in December 2014, with the bridge opening on 28 October 2018.

Civmec
Civmec Limited is a dual-listed Australian-Singaporean public company involved in the construction, engineering and shipbuilding industries. Headquartered in Perth, Western Australia, it specialises in fabrication and construction for the oil, gas, mining, infrastructure, marine and defence industries and has been involved in a number of significant Australian mining and civil engineering projects. Civmec has been selected to build a number of vessels and facilities for the Royal Australian Navy.
Carol Lim
Carol Lim (born February 20, 1975) is an American fashion designer, retailer and creative director, who works in partnership with Humberto Leon.

She founded the fashion retailer Opening Ceremony in 2002 in Lower Manhattan. Further stores followed in New York City, then Los Angeles and Tokyo. A store opened in 2012 in London, coinciding with the Olympics.

In 2011, Lim was announced as creative director of the French high fashion brand Kenzo, which was founded in 1970 and is part of the LVMH luxury goods conglomerate. In 2019, Lim and Leon exited Kenzo to focus on Opening Ceremony.

Haute couture
Haute couture is the creation of exclusive custom-fitted high-end fashion design. The term haute couture generally refers to a specific type of upper garment common in Europe during the 16th to the 18th century, or to the upper portion of a modern dress to distinguish it from the skirt and sleeves. Beginning in the mid-nineteenth century, Paris became the centre of a growing industry that focused on making outfits from high-quality, expensive, often unusual fabric and sewn with extreme attention to detail and finished by the most experienced and capable of sewers—often using time-consuming, hand-executed techniques. Couture is also commonly used on its own as an abbreviation of haute couture, referring to the same concept in spirit.
Sympleurotis
Sympleurotis is a genus of longhorn beetles of the subfamily Lamiinae.

Sympleurotis albofasciatus Julio & Monné, 2005

Sympleurotis armatus Gahan, 1892

Sympleurotis rudis Bates, 1881

Sympleurotis wappesi Julio & Monné, 2005

Lamiinae
Lamiinae, commonly called flat-faced longhorns, are a subfamily of the longhorn beetle family (Cerambycidae). The subfamily includes over 750 genera, rivaled in diversity within the family only by the subfamily Cerambycinae.
David de Graham of Lovat
David de Graham, Lord of Lovat (died 1297) was a 13th-century Scottish noble and soldier.

David was a younger son of David Graham of Dundaff. He swore fealty to King Edward I of England in 1291 and was one of John Balliol's auditors in 1292 during the competition for the Scottish crown. He fought at the Battle of Dunbar in 1296 and was captured together with a number of his relatives. His older brother Patrick was killed during the battle. Held in English captivity, he was released on condition of serving in King Edward I of England's expedition in Flanders in 1297. He died in Flanders in 1297.

His escutcheon is described as "Semèe of crosses crosslet fitchèe, three escallops".

English expedition to Flanders (1297–1298)
The English expedition to Flanders (1297–1298) was an English expedition to Flanders that lasted from August 1297 until March 1298. King Edward I of England in an alliance with Guy, Count of Flanders, as part of the wider 1294–1303 Gascon War, led an English force to Flanders, hoping to form military alliances and support to lead a combined force against King Philip IV of France. The expedition was difficult and expensive for Edward, but enough of his allies went into action to gain a truce from the French. After a peace was reached with King Philip IV of France, Edward left Flanders in March 1298.
Nikolas Brandis
Nikolas Brandis (born 6 May 2005) is a Slovak footballer who currently plays for Slovak First Football League club AS Trenčín, as a left-back. He also currently represents the Slovakia national under-20 football team.

Slovak First Football League
The Slovak First Football League (Slovak: 1. slovenská futbalová liga), officially known as Niké liga for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Slovakia and the highest level of the Slovak football league system. It was formed in 1993 following the dissolution of Czechoslovakia. The record for most titles is fifteen, held by Slovan Bratislava, who are the current title holders.
Somer Hill, Tonbridge
Somer Hill, Tonbridge is an 1811 landscape painting by the British artist J.M.W. Turner. It shows a view of the Jacobean Somerhill House near Tonbridge in Kent, seen across a lake during the sunrise.

Turner sketched the house during a visit in 1810 which he combined with a commission from Mad Jack Fuller to paint Rosehill Park in Sussex. In the event the owner of Somerhill, Major Woodgate, didn't purchase the view of the house as Turner may have hoped. The work was displayed at the Royal Academy Exhibition of 1811 at Somerset House in London. Today the painting is in the collection of the Scottish National Gallery in Edinburgh, having been acquired in 1922.

Mad Jack Fuller
John Fuller (20 February 1757 – 11 April 1834), better known as "Mad Jack" Fuller (although he himself preferred to be called "Honest John" Fuller), was squire of the hamlet of Brightling, in Sussex, and a politician who was a member of the House of Commons between 1780 and 1812. He was a builder of follies, philanthropist, patron of the arts and sciences, and slave owner and a supporter of slavery. He purchased and commissioned many paintings from J. M. W. Turner. He was sponsor and mentor to Michael Faraday.
Montgomery Industrial School for Girls
Montgomery Industrial School for Girls (1886–1928) was a private primary school for African American girls in Montgomery, Alabama, United States. It was founded in 1886 by Alice White and H. Margaret Beard. Their goal was to instill rigorous Christian morals and a vocational education, with academic courses for black girls from kindergarten to eighth grade. According to the Encyclopedia of Alabama, "the school played an important role in shaping the lives of a number of women who would help spark the civil-rights movement in Montgomery, the state of Alabama, and the nation".

Encyclopedia of Alabama
The Encyclopedia of Alabama is an online encyclopedia of the state of Alabama's history, culture, geography, and natural environment. It is a statewide collaboration that involves more than forty institutions from across Alabama that share their archives with the project. Auburn University hosts the encyclopedia's editorial offices and servers and the Alabama Humanities Foundation holds copyright to the encyclopedia's original content. Funding comes from a variety of sources including the Alabama Department of Education and the University of Alabama.

Historian Wayne Flynt served as the project's first editor-in-chief. Claire Wilson is the current editor-in-chief.
Dibyendu Nandi
Dibyendu Nandi is an Indian space scientist known for his research related to the solar cycle, solar dynamo activity and their influence on space weather. Nandi is the head of the Center of Excellence in Space Sciences, India or CESSI at IISER Kolkata. He is associated with Montana State University, the Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian and IISER Kolkata where he carried out most of his research work.

Outline of space science
The following outline is provided as an overview and topical guide to space science:

Space science – field that encompasses all of the scientific disciplines that involve space exploration and study natural phenomena and physical bodies occurring in outer space, such as space medicine and astrobiology.
V1149 Orionis
HD 37824 is a spectroscopic binary star system in the constellation of Orion. It has the variable-star designation V1149 Orionis (abbreviated to V1149 Ori). With an apparent magnitude of 6.59, it is near the limit for naked eye observation from Earth, faintly visible as an orange-hued dot of light under dark skies. It is located approximately 492 light-years (151 parsecs) distant according to Gaia DR3 parallax measurements, and is moving further away at a heliocentric radial velocity of 26.90 km/s.

Spectral line
A spectral line is a weaker or stronger region in an otherwise uniform and continuous spectrum. It may result from emission or absorption of light in a narrow frequency range, compared with the nearby frequencies. Spectral lines are often used to identify atoms and molecules. These "fingerprints" can be compared to the previously collected ones of atoms and molecules, and are thus used to identify the atomic and molecular components of stars and planets, which would otherwise be impossible.
Rodasar
Rodasar is a town located in the Punjab province of Pakistan. It is located in Lahore District at 31°19'0N 73°4'0E with an altitude of 172 metres (567 feet) and lies near to the city of Lahore. Neighbouring settlements include Hari Singwala to the north and Bismillapur to the south.

Hari Singwala
Hari Singwala is a town in Faisalabad District, in the central Punjab, Pakistan. It is located at 31°21'0N 73°3'0E with an altitude of 166 metres (547 feet) and lies near the city of Lahore. Neighbouring settlements include Sahibnagar to the east and Pollard Kot to the north.
Feebly compact space
In mathematics, a  topological space is feebly compact if every locally finite cover by nonempty open sets is finite. The concept was introduced by Sibe Mardešić and P. Papić in 1955.

Some facts:

Every compact space is feebly compact.

Every feebly compact paracompact space is compact.

Every feebly compact space is pseudocompact but the converse is not necessarily true.

For a completely regular Hausdorff space the properties of being feebly compact and pseudocompact are equivalent.

Any maximal feebly compact space is submaximal.

Tychonoff space
In topology and related branches of mathematics, Tychonoff spaces and completely regular spaces are kinds of topological spaces.  These conditions are examples of separation axioms. A Tychonoff space is any completely regular space that is also a Hausdorff space; there exist completely regular spaces that are not Tychonoff (i.e. not Hausdorff).

Paul Urysohn had used the notion of completely regular space in a 1925 paper without giving it a name.  But it was Andrey Tychonoff who introduced the terminology completely regular in 1930.
Henry Cartwright
Henry Cartwright (1 September 1814 – 26 July 1890) was a British Conservative Party politician.

Cartwright was the second of five children of former Northamptonshire and South Northamptonshire Tory and Conservative MP William Ralph Cartwright and Julia Frances Aubrey, daughter of Richard Aubrey. He married Jane Holbech, daughter of former Banbury MP William Holbech, in 1853 at Farnborough in Warwickshire.

After education at Eton College, Cartwright first joined the army as an ensign in the Grenadier Guards in 1832, rising to captain in 1846, and colonel in 1854. He sold out in 1857.

Cartwright followed his father into politics when he was elected MP for South Northamptonshire at a by-election in 1858. He held the seat until he stood down in 1868.

South Northamptonshire (UK Parliament constituency)
South Northamptonshire is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2024 by Sarah Bool. As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.
National Lacrosse League expansion draft
The National Lacrosse League expansion draft is a meeting where the general managers of expansion National Lacrosse League teams begin to fill their teams with unprotected players from the rosters of existing NLL teams. Such a draft occurs whenever an expansion NLL franchise is awarded. The most recent expansion draft was in 2022 for the Las Vegas Desert Dogs. Prior drafts were:

2021 (Panther City LC)

2019 (New York Riptide and Rochester Knighthawks)

2018 (Philadelphia Wings, San Diego Seals)

2008 and 2007 (Boston)

2006 (New York and Chicago)

2005 (Edmonton and Portland).

Las Vegas Desert Dogs
The Las Vegas Desert Dogs are an American professional box lacrosse team based in the Las Vegas metropolitan area that competes in the National Lacrosse League (NLL). The team plays its home games at Lee's Family Forum. The team began play in the 2023 NLL season.
University of Tennessee Health Science Center
The University of Tennessee Health Science Center (UTHSC) is a public medical school in Memphis, Tennessee. It includes the Colleges of Health Professions, Dentistry, Graduate Health Sciences, Medicine, Nursing, and Pharmacy.

Graduate medical education programs are located in Chattanooga, Knoxville, and Nashville; family medicine centers in Jackson, Knoxville, and Memphis; dentistry clinics in Bristol, Jackson, and Union City, as well as public and continuing education programs across the state. The Health Science Center is part of the statewide, multi-campus University of Tennessee system.

Union City, Tennessee
Union City is a city in and the county seat of Obion County, Tennessee, United States. 11,170 people were living in the town as of the 2020 census. It is the principal urban settlement of the surrounding micropolitan area, which includes Obion County and Fulton County, Kentucky. Union City is home to Discovery Park of America which is a museum with many exhibits pertaining to local history, as well as state, national, and world history, science, technology, and art.
Duncan Simpson
Duncan Menzies Soutar Simpson OBE FRAeS FIMechE (23 December 1927 - 5 December 2017) was a Scottish test pilot who played a key role in the development of the Hunter aircraft, the Harrier, and the Hawk advanced trainer flown by the RAF’s Red Arrows. He was the former chief test pilot of Hawker Siddeley in the 1970s. He flew the first production Harrier aircraft in December 1967, and the first two-seat Harrier in April 1969.

Royal Aeronautical Society
The Royal Aeronautical Society, also known as the RAeS, is a British multi-disciplinary professional institution dedicated to the global aerospace community. Founded in 1866, it is the oldest aeronautical society in the world. Members, Fellows, and Companions of the society can use the post-nominal letters MRAeS, FRAeS, or CRAeS, respectively.
Deaths in April 2025
The following is a list of notable deaths in April 2025.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Roland Mall
Roland Mall (17 April 1951 – 7 April 2025) was a German footballer. A midfielder, he was known for his career in the Bundesliga in 58 games for VfB Stuttgart from 1971 to 1976. He would also play in the 2. Bundesliga, scoring 21 goals in 186 games.
Remote Control (Kanye West song)
"Remote Control" is a song by American rapper Kanye West from his tenth studio album Donda (2021). The song, which features vocals from fellow American rapper Young Thug, was produced by West alongside Cubeatz, Digital Nas, Ojivolta, 88-Keys, Mike Dean and Teddy Walton.

Mike Dean (music producer)
Michael George Dean (born March 1, 1965) is an American record producer, audio engineer, and multi-instrumentalist. He is known for his synthesizer-heavy instrumentation and audio mixing for high-profile music industry artists. Beginning his career in 1992, he was first credited on releases for Texas-based rappers Scarface, Willie D, and Geto Boys, though he has since worked with hip-hop and pop artists including Kanye West, the Weeknd, Beyoncé, Kid Cudi, Travis Scott, Jay-Z, Drake, Madonna, Selena Gomez, Playboi Carti, and Lana Del Rey, among others. As a non-performing lead artist, Dean has released six solo studio albums: 4:20 (2020), 4:22 (2021), Smoke State 42222 (2022), 4:23 (2023), 424 (2024) and 425 (2025).
Diane Finley
Diane Finley PC (born October 3, 1957) is a former Canadian politician. From 2006 through 2015, she served in the cabinet of Prime Minister Stephen Harper.  Her ministerial portfolios included Minister of Human Resources and Skills Development, Minister of Public Works and Government Services, Minister Responsible for Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation, or CMHC, and Minister of Citizenship and Immigration.  She was a member of the House of Commons of Canada, representing the riding of Haldimand—Norfolk for the Conservative Party from 2004 to 2021. In August 2020, she announced that she would not be running in the 2021 Canadian federal election. She resigned from office on May 11, 2021.

King's Privy Council for Canada
The King's Privy Council for Canada (French: Conseil privé du Roi pour le Canada), sometimes called His Majesty's Privy Council for Canada or simply the Privy Council (PC), is the full group of personal advisors to the monarch of Canada on state and constitutional affairs. Practically, the tenets of responsible government require the sovereign or his viceroy, the governor general, almost always to follow only that advice tendered by the Cabinet: a committee within the Privy Council composed usually of elected members of Parliament. Those summoned to the Privy Council are appointed for life by the governor general on the advice of the prime minister. The group is composed predominantly of former Cabinet ministers, with some others having been inducted as an honorary gesture. Privy counsellors are accorded the use of an honorific style and post-nominal letters, as well as various signifiers of precedence.