hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arrest of Ekrem İmamoğlu
On 19 March 2025, Istanbul mayor and presidential candidate Ekrem İmamoğlu from the opposition Republican People's Party was detained by Turkish police on suspicion of corruption, extortion, bribery, money laundering, espionage, and supporting terrorism, particularly the PKK.

İmamoğlu was later arrested and sent to Marmara Prison on corruption charges on 23 March 2025  just as he was becoming a serious challenger to President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. In the 2025 Republican People's Party presidential primary later that day over 15 million people voted in İmamoğlu's support. His arrest, along with that of more than 100 other people, caused widespread protests and demonstrations over perceived political motivations.

The Council of Europe, European Parliament and Human Rights Watch strongly condemned the detention of İmamoğlu, describing it as against the will of the people. After the detention, anti-government protests began in Turkey.

Marmara Prison
Marmara Prison (Turkish: Marmara Cezaevi) or officially Marmara Penitentiaries Campus (Turkish: Marmara Ceza İnfaz Kurumları Kampüsü) formerly Silivri Prison is a high-security state correctional institution complex in the Silivri district of Istanbul Province in Turkey. Established in 2008, it is the country's most modern and Europe's largest penal facility.

As of June 5, 2008, a total of 96,760 defendants and convicts were detained in Turkey. 11,148 of them were held in ten correctional facilities of closed and open type within Istanbul Province. Following the opening of Silivri Prison, which has a capacity of nearly 11,000 inmates, the number of inmates in all Istanbul's prisons reached 15,910.

The prison complex is located 9 km (5.6 mi) west of Silivri on the highway E84, which connects the highway D.100 to the European Motorway O-3 (E80).

In 2022, the prison's name was changed to Marmara Prison.
Bill Ramsey (singer)
William McCreery Ramsey (17 April 1931 – 2 July 2021) was an American-German jazz and pop singer, journalist and actor famous for his German-language hits. He returned to Germany a year after he had served compulsory military service with the U.S. Air Force there. Active as a singer of jazz and pop already as a soldier, he made a career in different fields of musical entertainment. He sang and recorded German schlager, also German-language cover versions of English hits, jazz and swing. He appeared in films and television series, and ran popular series on radio and television as presenter.

Peter Alexander (Austrian performer)
Peter Alexander Ferdinand Maximilian Neumayer (30 June 1926 – 12 February 2011), commonly known as Peter Alexander, was an Austrian actor, singer and one of the most popular entertainers in the German-language world between the 1950s and his retirement. His fame emerged in the 1950s and 1960s through popular film comedies and successful recordings, predominantly of Schlager and operetta repertory. Later, Alexander established himself as the acclaimed host of television shows. His career as a live singer touring the German language countries lasted until 1991, while he continued his television work until 1996.
Common minke whale
The common minke whale or northern minke whale (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) is a species of minke whale within the suborder of baleen whales.

It is the smallest species of the rorquals and the second smallest species of baleen whale. Although first ignored by whalers due to its small size and low oil yield, it began to be exploited by various countries beginning in the early 20th century. As other species declined, larger numbers of common minke whales were caught, largely for their meat. It is now one of the primary targets of the whaling industry. There is a dwarf form in the Southern Hemisphere.

This species is known in the fossil record from the Pliocene epoch to the Quaternary period (age range: 4.7 million years ago to present day).

Yellow Sea
The Yellow Sea (simplified Chinese: 黄海; traditional Chinese: 黃海; pinyin: Huáng Hǎi; Zhuyin Fuhao: ㄏㄨㄤˊ ㄏㄞˇ; Korean: 황해; Hanja: 黃海; RR: Hwanghae), also known as the North Sea, is a marginal sea of the Western Pacific Ocean located between mainland China and the Korean Peninsula, and can be considered the northwestern part of the East China Sea.
More Radio Worthing
More Radio Worthing (known as Splash FM from 2003 to 2016), is an Independent Local Radio station serving Worthing, Shoreham, Littlehampton and surrounding areas. It is owned and operated by Total Sense Media and broadcasts from Total Sense Media Centre in Burgess Hill, as part of a network of stations across Sussex.

Independent Local Radio
Independent Local Radio is the collective name given to commercial radio stations in the United Kingdom.

As a result of the buyouts and mergers permitted by the Broadcasting Act 1990, deregulation resulting from the Communications Act 2003 and further deregulation from the Media Act 2024, most commercial stations are now neither independent (although they remain independent from the BBC) nor local, as almost all of them are now relays of a national brand, with remaining locality reduced to nothing more than localised commercials, news (which may be from the approved area region), weather and peak-time travel information. Radio stations are licensed and regulated by OfCom.

The same name is used for Independent Local Radio in Ireland.
Writing in the Ryukyu Kingdom
The Ryukyu Kingdom (1372–1879) on Okinawa Island used various writing conventions, all of which were markedly different from spoken registers. A unique feature of Ryūkyū's writing conventions is that in the Old Ryūkyū period (?–1609), it developed a predominantly kana writing convention that was based on sōrō-style Written Japanese but exhibited heavy Okinawan influence. After the conquest by Satsuma Domain in 1609, however, this style of writing was replaced by sōrō-style Japanese that was written predominantly with kanji. Other than that, Okinawan features were confined to the recordings of songs to sing, poems to read aloud, and plays to perform verbally, and did not have an autonomous status as literary writing. Instead, the samurai class of the kingdom was aligned with the literary tradition of Japan that was established during the Heian period.

Invasion of Ryukyu
The invasion of Ryukyu (琉球侵攻, Ryūkyū Shinkō) by forces of the Japanese feudal domain of Satsuma took place from March to May of 1609, and marked the beginning of the Ryukyu Kingdom's status as a vassal state under the Satsuma domain. Former Satsuma territories that had been invaded by the Ryukyu Kingdom, such as the Amami Islands, were reintegrated into the Satsuma domain. The invasion force was met with stiff resistance from the Ryukyuan military on all but one island during the campaign. Ryukyu would remain a vassal state under Satsuma, alongside its already long-established tributary relationship with China, until it was formally annexed by Japan in 1879 as the Okinawa Prefecture.
Allin Congregational Church
Allin Congregational Church is an historic United Church of Christ church in Dedham, Massachusetts. It was built in 1818 by conservative breakaway members of Dedham's First Church and Parish in the Greek Revival style.

Dedham Museum and Archive
The Dedham Museum and Archive (formerly known as the Dedham Historical Society and Museum and the Dedham Historical Society), is a historical society dedicated to preserving and establishing a greater sense of appreciation for the history of Dedham, Massachusetts.  It consists of a museum and an archive. As of 2002, it had nearly 1,000 members.
Niebla flagelliforma
Niebla  flagelliforma is a fruticose lichen that grows on rocks along the foggy Pacific Coast of Baja California mostly in the Northern Vizcaíno Desert.  The epithet, flagelliforma is in reference to the individual branches of the thallus shaped like a flagellum.

Fruticose lichen
A fruticose lichen is a form of lichen fungi that is characterized by a coral-like shrubby or bushy growth structure. It is formed from a symbiotic relationship of a photobiont such as green algae or less commonly cyanobacteria and one, two or more mycobionts.  Fruticose lichens are not a monophyletic and holophyletic lineage, but are a form encountered in many classes.  Fruticose lichens have a complex vegetation structure, and are characterized by an ascending, bushy or pendulous appearance. As with other lichens, many fruticose lichens can endure high degrees of desiccation. They grow slowly and often occur in habitats such as on tree barks, on rock surfaces and on soils in the Arctic and mountain regions.
Nakalat Saare Ghadle
Nakalat Saare Ghadle (transl. Everything Happened Unknowingly) is an Indian Marathi language romantic drama television series which aired on Star Pravah. It premiered from 27 November 2017 and ended on 17 May 2019. It stars Nupur Parulekar and Harish Dudhade in lead roles. It is an official remake of the Hindi TV series Yeh Hai Mohabbatein which was initially based on Manju Kapur's 2011 novel Custody.

Star Pravah
Star Pravah is an Indian Marathi language general entertainment pay television channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Viacom18 and Disney India. It primarily telecasts family dramas, comedies, reality shows and films.
Make the Music 2000
Make the Music 2000 is the debut studio album by American beatboxer and hip hop artist Rahzel. It was released on August 10, 1999 via MCA Records. Production was handled by several record producers, including Bob Power, Marley Marl, Pete Rock, Scott Storch, L.E.S. and Rahzel himself. The album also features guest appearances from Aaron Hall, Emanon, Erykah Badu, Q-Tip, Scratch, Slick Rick, the Roots, TJ Swan and Vinia Mojica among others.

The album peaked at number 51 on the US Billboard 200, and spawned two charted singles: "Southern Gul" and "All I Know". "All I Know" was featured in NBA Live 2000.

Aaron Hall (singer)
Aaron Robin Hall III (born August 10, 1964) is an American singer and songwriter. Hall joined the R&B and new jack swing group Guy in 1988, which was formed by Teddy Riley and Timmy Gatling, who was later replaced by Hall's brother, Damion. The group's self-titled debut album (1988) was met with commercial success; Hall provided lead vocals on its songs "Groove Me," "I Like," and "Piece of My Love", among others.
Theodor Thierfelder
Benjamin Theodor Thierfelder (10 December 1824 – 7 March 1904) was a German internist born in Meissen. He is remembered for contributions made in research of Fieberkurve (temperature patterns) involving typhoid fever.

In 1848 he earned his medical doctorate from the University of Leipzig, where in 1851 he became a member of the medical staff, and an assistant to Carl Reinhold August Wunderlich (1815-1877). In 1855 he was appointed an associate professor at the University of Rostock, where from 1856 to 1901 he served as a full professor (pathological anatomy until 1866 and internal medicine).

In 1860 he was named Obermedizinalrat and a member of the "Grand Ducal medical commission".

He was son-in-law to classical philologist Franz Volkmar Fritzsche (1806-1887), and was the brother of pathologist Albert Thierfelder (1842-1908), who also was a professor at the University of Rostock.

Meissen
Meissen (German: Meißen [ˈmaɪsn̩] ⓘ; Upper Sorbian: Mišno; Latin: Misnia, Misenacode: lat promoted to code: la ) is a town of approximately 30,000 inhabitants, situated about 25 km (16 mi) north‑west of Dresden and 75 km (47 mi) west of Bautzen, on both banks of the River Elbe in the Free State of Saxony, in eastern Germany. Meissen is renowned as the home of Meissen porcelain, the Albrechtsburg castle, the Gothic Meissen Cathedral, and the Meissen Church of Our Lady. The town of Meissen, designated as a Große Kreisstadt, serves as the administrative seat of the Meissen district.

In Germany, the name Meissen is the legally registered trademark of the State Porcelain Manufactory (Staatliche Porzellan-Manufaktur Meissen GmbH), while Meißen refers specifically to the city and municipality.
Olga Oleinik
Olga Arsenievna Oleinik (also as Oleĭnik) HFRSE (Russian: О́льга Арсе́ньевна Оле́йник) (2 July 1925 – 13 October 2001) was a Soviet mathematician who conducted pioneering work on the theory of partial differential equations, the theory of strongly inhomogeneous elastic media, and the mathematical theory of boundary layers. She was a student of Ivan Petrovsky.  She studied and worked at the Moscow State University.

She received many prizes for her remarkable contributions: the Chebotarev Prize in 1952; the State Prize 1988; the Petrowsky Prize in 1995; and the Prize of the Russian Academy of Sciences in 1995. Also she was member of several foreign academies of sciences, and earned several honorary degrees.

Simons Laufer Mathematical Sciences Institute
The Simons Laufer Mathematical Sciences Institute (SLMath), formerly the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute (MSRI), is an independent nonprofit mathematical research institution on the University of California campus in Berkeley, California. It is a center for research in mathematics. Each year, over 1,700 mathematicians spend time at MSRI.

The institute was founded in 1982, and its funding sources include the National Science Foundation, private foundations, corporations, and more than 90 universities and institutions. The institute is located at 17 Gauss Way on the Berkeley campus, close to Grizzly Peak in the Berkeley Hills.

The institute has been supported by the National Science Foundation and the National Security Agency as well as private individuals, foundations, corporations, and academic institutions. Jim Simons, founder with his wife of the Simons Foundation and a Berkeley alumnus, was a long-time supporter of the institute and served on the board of trustees.
Scrim
Scrim can refer to:

Scrim (material), either of two types of material (a lightweight, translucent fabric or a coarse, heavy material)

Scrim (lighting), a device used in lighting for films

Scrim (internet slang), friendly match between teams and clans in various ladders, shorthand for: scrimmage.

SCRIM, Sideway-force Coefficient Routine Investigation Machine

Colin Scrimgeour ("Uncle Scrim", 1903-1987), a New Zealand Methodist minister and broadcaster

Scott Arceneaux Jr. (known as Scrim), member of New Orleans hip-hop group Suicideboys

Scrim, a runaway dog who eluded capture in New Orleans for nearly a year

Scrim (lighting)
A scrim is a device used in the film and television industries, as well as by photographers, to modify properties of light. There are variations on types of scrim, depending upon its use, whether with natural light, or with man-made light sources. However, their basic use is the same – to reduce intensity and/or harshness of light.

In television, film, and theater lighting, a scrim is a material used to modify the properties of light. It can serve two primary functions:

Beam modification

placed in front of a light source (luminaire) to adjust the shape, intensity, or shadow characteristics of the beam. Variants such as half-scrims are designed to reduce the light on only a portion of the beam, often using a fine wire mesh.

Stage effects

employed as a curtain that appears opaque when illuminated from the front but becomes transparent when the front illumination is lowered and a stronger light is projected from behind, creating dramatic visual effects on stage.
Laya, the Witch of Red Pooh
Laya, the Witch of Red Pooh is a manhwa series by Yo Yo. The series is licensed in English in the United States and Canada by Tokyopop.

The series stars Laya Han, a witch who procrastinates, and her cat Puss, who smokes cigarettes. Other characters that are seen dropping in and out throughout are Snowy, a crow who is able to transform into a human, and Nicky, Laya's free-loading friend.

The story is split up into a series of unconnected, and often random, four page tales.

Manhwa
Manhwa (Korean: 만화; Hanja: 漫畵; Korean pronunciation: [manβʷa]) is the general Korean term for comics and print cartoons. Outside Korea, the term usually refers to Korean comics.

Modern Manhwa has extended its reach to many other countries. These comics have branched outside of Korea by access to Webtoons and have created an impact that has resulted in some movie, drama and television show adaptations.
Stars of CCTV
Stars of CCTV is the debut studio album by English indie rock band Hard-Fi. It was first released on 4 July 2005 through Necessary Records and Atlantic Records. It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for the 2005 Mercury Music Prize.

The album initially entered the UK album chart at number six in July 2005 but, following the success of a December 2005 re-issue of their debut single "Cash Machine", it rose to number one in January 2006, eventually being certified double-platinum (600,000+ sales) in the UK and with total sales of 1.2 million worldwide.

The song "Gotta Reason" is included on the soundtrack of the football video game FIFA 06 and the baseball video game MLB 06: The Show.

To mark its 20th anniversary, the album was reissued on 4 July 2025 in vinyl form.

Mercury Prize
The Mercury Prize, formerly called the Mercury Music Prize, is an annual music prize awarded for the best album released by a musical act from the United Kingdom or Ireland. It was created by Jon Webster and Robert Chandler in association with the British Phonographic Industry and British Association of Record Dealers in 1992 as an alternative to the Brit Awards.
Creosote, Bainbridge Island, Washington
Creosote was a community of Bainbridge Island, Washington, along Eagle Harbor.  The area is directly visible from the downtown Bainbridge Island community of Winslow. Originally named Eagle Harbor in 1886, in 1908 the name was changed to Creosote because of the manufacturing and application of creosote at the now-defunct Wyckoff Company plant in the area.  The former industrial site is to the north of the community of Bill Point and east of the community of Eagledale at the southern side of the entrance to Eagle Harbor.  The site is now the city-owned Pritchard Park and is undergoing Superfund clean-up.

Eagledale Park
Eagledale Park is a 7-acre (28,000 m2) park located in the neighborhood of Eagledale on Bainbridge Island in the state of Washington, U.S.  Like several other parks on Bainbridge Island, Eagledale Park comprises land that was once a military installation.  Today the park features tennis courts, an off-leash dog park, a picnic shelter, a children's play area, a sand volleyball court and a pottery studio.

In the 1950s the site was used as part of the Project Nike anti-aircraft missile system.

The park occupies some of the highest ground on Bainbridge Island. On a clear day, Mount Rainier may be seen from the park.

The park is located on Bainbridge Island at 5055 Rose Avenue N.E.

47°36′35″N 122°31′19″W﻿ / ﻿47.6096°N 122.5219°W﻿ / 47.6096; -122.5219
Botallack Mine
The Botallack Mine (Cornish: Bostalek) is a former mine in Botallack in the west of Cornwall, UK. Since 2006 it has been part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site – Cornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape. The mine is within the Aire Point to Carrick Du Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) and the South West Coast Path passes along the cliff.

Aire Point to Carrick Du SSSI
Aire Point to Carrick Du SSSI is a Site of Special Scientific Interest on the Penwith Peninsula, Cornwall, England. It is 5.98 square kilometres in extent, stretching from grid reference SW360279 to grid reference SW513410. The site is designated both for its biological and its geological interest.

The site includes a Nature Conservation Review site and eight Geological Conservation Review sites. The whole of the site is included in the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty and is within the Penwith Heritage Coast. Part of the site is within the West Penwith Environmentally Sensitive Area and some of the coast is owned and managed by the National Trust. The South West Coast Path, which follows the coast of south-west England from Somerset to Dorset passes through the SSSI.
Akio Inoue
Akio Inoue (井上秋緒, Inoue Akio) is a female Japanese lyricist from Kanagawa Prefecture. Inoue writes the majority of songs recorded by T.M.Revolution, Takanori Nishikawa’s solo project, as well as for other artists produced by Daisuke Asakura.

Lyricist
A lyricist is a writer who writes lyrics (the spoken words), as opposed to a composer, who writes the song's music which may include (but is not limited to) the melody, harmony, arrangement and accompaniment.
John McCulloch (congressman)
John McCulloch (November 15, 1806 – May 15, 1879) was a Whig member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

John McCulloch was born in McCullochs Mills, Pennsylvania.  He attended the common schools and graduated from Jefferson College in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania, in 1825.  He studied medicine and graduated from the medical department of the University of Pennsylvania in 1829.  He commenced practice in Green Tree, Pennsylvania.  He moved to Petersburg, Pennsylvania, in 1830, where he practiced medicine until 1852.

McCulloch was elected as a Whig to the Thirty-third Congress.  He was not a candidate for renomination in 1854.  He resumed practicing medicine in Huntingdon, Pennsylvania.  He became affiliated with the Republican Party upon its formation in 1856.  He was a member of the State constitutional convention in 1874.  He died in Huntingdon in 1879 and was interred in Riverside Cemetery.

33rd United States Congress
The 33rd United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1853, to March 4, 1855, during the first two years of Franklin Pierce's presidency. During this session, the Kansas–Nebraska Act was passed, an act that soon led to the creation of the Republican Party. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1850 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic majority.
Sindure
Sindure  is a village development committee in Lamjung District in the Gandaki Zone of northern-central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1822 people living in 336 individual households.

Gandaki Zone
Gandaki zone (Nepali: गण्डकी अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal, located in the Western Development Region.  It was named Sapta Gandaki after the seven tributaries (Kali Gandaki, Trishuli, Budhi Gandaki, Marsyangdi, Madi, Seti Gandaki, and Daraundi) that make up the Gandaki River. Pokhara served as its regional and zonal headquarter. It was also the birthplace of Bhanubhakta Acharya, first poet of Nepal.

The Gandaki Zone was home to multiple cultures which are unique in themselves. Some, like the Magar and Gurung, have attained fame much like the Gurkha people.