hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Luke Sisi Cheka
Luke Sisi Cheka is the current permanent secretary of the Ministry of Public Service (MPS) in Solomon Islands. He has held a variety of senior positions within Solomon Islands government in both the Office of the Prime Minister and Cabinet and the Ministry of Public Service.

Permanent secretary
A permanent secretary is the most senior civil servant of a department or ministry charged with running the department or ministry's day-to-day activities. Permanent secretaries are the non-political civil service chief executives of government departments or ministries, who generally hold their position for a number of years (thus "permanent") at a ministry as distinct from the changing political secretaries of state to whom they report and provide advice. The role originated in the civil service of the United Kingdom and has been adopted in several Commonwealth countries as well as other countries influenced by the Westminster system.
Dominion Road (song)
"Dominion Road" is the debut single by New Zealand rock band The Mutton Birds. The song was released in 1992 as one of four singles to promote the band's debut self-titled album. Despite only spending ten weeks on the New Zealand singles charts and peaking at #31, the song has since become a New Zealand classic, being rated as the 23rd best New Zealand song of all time by the Australasian Performing Right Association in 2001. The song has resulted in the installation of a brass plaque in the footpath approximately half-way down the song's namesake street, in a reference to the song's lyrics.

Mutton Birds member Don McGlashan wrote the song after seeing a man from a bus window who, per McGlashan, "looked like he had been dealt some difficult hands in life". The song is an imagined backstory for this man and sees him occupying a halfway house on Dominion Road, with the song having been described as a "story of one man's suffering and ultimate salvation".

Halfway house
A halfway house is a type of prison or institute intended to teach (or reteach) the necessary skills for people to re-integrate into society and better support and care for themselves. Halfway houses are typically either state sponsored for those with criminal backgrounds, or privately run for those with substance abuse issues.

As well as serving as a residence, halfway houses can provide social, medical, psychiatric, educational, and other similar services. They are termed "halfway houses" due to their being halfway between completely independent living and in-patient or carceral facilities, where residents are highly restricted in their behavior and freedoms.

The term has been used in the United States since at least the Temperance Movement of the 1840s.
Kalyanpur, Bhopal (census code 482497)
Kalyanpur is a village in the Bhopal district of Madhya Pradesh, India. It is located in the Huzur tehsil and the Phanda block.

It is located near Moondla, Teela Khedi and Dehriya Kalan, not far from the Sehore-Bhopal road.

Community development block
In India, a community development block (CD block) or simply a block is a sub-division of a district, administratively earmarked for planning and development. In tribal areas, similar sub-divisions are called tribal development blocks (TD blocks). The area is administered by a block development officer (BDO), supported by several technical specialists and village-level workers. A community development block covers several gram panchayats, the local administrative units at the village level. A block is a rural subdivision and typically smaller than a tehsil. A tehsil is purely for revenue administration, whereas a block is for rural development purposes. In most states, a block is coterminous with the panchayat samiti area.
Kanyshai Mamyrkulova
Kanyshai Asanbekovna Mamyrkulova (Kyrgyz: Канышай Асанбековна Мамыркулова; born 25 January 1975) is a Kyrgyzstani journalist known for her criticisms of the government of Kyrgyzstan, for which she was detained and tried in 2025 in a case that was described by human rights groups as politically motivated.

Cabinet of Ministers of the Kyrgyz Republic
The  Cabinet of Ministers (Kyrgyz: Ministrler Kabineti) is an executive body presided by the Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Kyrgyzstan. The status and provisions of the government are determined by Section V of the Constitution of Kyrgyzstan. The cabinet consists of the deputy chairmen, ministers and the chairmen of state committees.: art. 84
Chimayo, New Mexico
Chimayo is a census-designated place (CDP) in Rio Arriba and Santa Fe counties in the U.S. state of New Mexico. The name is derived from a Tewa name for a local landmark, the hill of Tsi Mayoh, meaning "good flaking stone" (i.e., obsidian of superior quality. The town is unincorporated and includes many neighborhoods, called plazas or placitas, each with its own name, including El Potrero de Chimayó (the plaza near Chimayo's communal pasture) and the Plaza del Cerro (plaza by the hill). The cluster of plazas called Chimayo lies near Santa Cruz, approximately 25 miles north of Santa Fe. The population was 3,177 at the 2010 census.

Obsidian
Obsidian (/əbˈsɪdi.ən, ɒb-/ əb-SID-ee-ən ob-) is a naturally occurring volcanic glass formed when lava extruded from a volcano cools rapidly with minimal crystal growth. It is an igneous rock. Produced from felsic lava, obsidian is rich in the lighter elements such as silicon, oxygen, aluminium, sodium, and potassium. It is commonly found within the margins of rhyolitic lava flows known as obsidian flows. These flows have a high content of silica, giving them a high viscosity. The high viscosity inhibits the diffusion of atoms through the lava, which inhibits the first step (nucleation) in the formation of mineral crystals. Together with rapid cooling, this results in a natural glass forming from the lava.

Obsidian is hard, brittle, and amorphous; it therefore fractures with sharp edges. In the past, it was used to manufacture cutting and piercing tools, and it has been used experimentally as surgical scalpel blades.
Tupi people
The Tupi people, a subdivision of the Tupi-Guarani linguistic families, were one of the largest groups of indigenous peoples in Brazil before its colonization. Scholars believe that while they first settled in the Amazon rainforest, from about 2,900 years ago the Tupi started to migrate southward and, from around 1,000 years ago, gradually occupied the Atlantic coast of Southeast Brazil.

Many Tupi people today are merged with the Guaraní people, forming the Tupi–Guarani languages. The Guarani languages are a subdivision of the Tupian languages.

Ara (bird)
Ara is a Neotropical genus of macaws with eight extant species and at least two extinct species. The genus name was coined by French naturalist Bernard Germain de Lacépède in 1799. It gives its name to and is part of the Arini, or tribe of Neotropical parrots. The genus name Ara is derived from the Tupi word ará, an onomatopoeia of the sound a macaw makes.

The Ara macaws are large striking parrots with long tails, long narrow wings and vividly coloured plumage. They all have a characteristic bare face patch around the eyes. Males and females have similar plumage. Many of its members are popular in the pet trade, and bird smuggling is a threat to several species.
Oberdonaukreis
The Oberdonaukreis (German: Upper Danube District) was one of the 15 administrative districts (German: Bezirke or Regierungsbezirke) of the Kingdom of Bavaria between 1806 and 1837 named after its main river Danube. It was the predecessor of the Regierungsbezirk Schwaben (Administrative District of Swabia).

Eichstätt
Eichstätt (German pronunciation: [ˈaɪçʃtɛt] ⓘ) is a town in the federal state of Bavaria, Germany, and capital of the district of Eichstätt. It is located on the Altmühl river and has a population of around 13,000. Eichstätt is also the seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Eichstätt.
Aleksander Baron
Aleksander Baron (born 15 January 1983) is a Polish chef who is a head chef at the restaurant called Zoni in Warsaw, Poland. He previously ran a restaurant called Solec 44 also in Warsaw, Poland. He was titled 2019 Chef de L'avenir by Gault&Millau.

Gault Millau
Gault et Millau (French pronunciation: [ɡo e mijo]), formerly Le Nouveau Guide Gault-Millau is a French restaurant guide. It was founded by two restaurant critics, Henri Gault and Christian Millau, in 1969 and sold to the magazine Le Point in 1983.
Jean-Michel Thierry
Jean-Michel Thierry de Crussol (1916–2011) was a French physician and art historian. His specialities are in Byzantine and Armenian art.

He was born on 13 August 1916 in Bagnères de Luchon, France. He studied and got his education in Paris. He co-wrote the book Armenian Art in 1989 and also wrote many articles concerning Armenian art, especially Armenian architecture.

Bagnères-de-Luchon
Bagnères-de-Luchon (French: [baɲɛʁ də lyʃɔ̃]; Occitan: Banhèras de Luishon), also referred to as just Luchon, is a commune and spa town in the Haute-Garonne department in the Occitanie region of south-western France.

The commune has been awarded three flowers by the National Council of Towns and Villages in Bloom in the Competition of cities and villages in Bloom.
Port of Huntington Tri-State
The Port of Huntington Tri-State,  centered on the Ohio River in Huntington, West Virginia, is the second-largest inland port in the United States, and was formerly the largest. It is the largest river port in the state of West Virginia and the 15th-largest in the United States as of 2012. Included in the port's area is 100 miles of the Ohio River from the mouth of the Scioto River in Portsmouth, Ohio to the northern border of Gallia County, Ohio, 9 miles of the Big Sandy River, and 90 miles of the Kanawha River. The United States Army Corps of Engineers' 1953 Ohio River Navigation Modernization Program sited the Greenup Locks and Dam project as an early priority so that its pool could serve the Port of Huntington Tri-State.  It exceeded Pittsburgh in 1953 as the busiest port on the waterway. In 2014, it was exceeded by the Port of Cincinnati-Northern Kentucky in annual cargo tonnage, making it the second-largest inland port in the United States.

Portsmouth, Ohio
Portsmouth is a city in Scioto County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat.  Located in southern Ohio 41 miles (66 km) south of Chillicothe, it lies on the north bank of the Ohio River, across from Kentucky and just east of the mouth of the Scioto River. The population was 18,252 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Portsmouth micropolitan area.
Municipality of Vipava
The Municipality of Vipava (pronounced [ʋiˈpaːʋa]; Slovene: Občina Vipava) is a municipality in western Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Vipava. Historically, it used to be a part of the traditional region of Inner Carniola, but it is now generally regarded as a part of the Slovenian Littoral. The municipality was established in its current form on 3 October 1994, when the former larger Municipality of Ajdovščina was subdivided into the municipalities of Ajdovščina and Vipava.

Slovene Littoral
Littoral

Carniola: 2a Upper, 2b Inner, 2c Lower

Carinthia

Styria

Prekmurje

The Slovene Littoral, or simply Littoral (Slovene: Primorska, pronounced [pɾiˈmóːɾska] ⓘ; Italian: Litorale; German: Küstenland), is one of the traditional regions of Slovenia. The littoral in its name – for a coastal-adjacent area – recalls the former Austrian Littoral (Avstrijsko Primorje), the Habsburg possessions on the upper Adriatic coast, of which the Slovene Littoral was part. Today, the Littoral is often associated with the Slovenian ethnic territory that, in the first half of the 20th century, found itself in Italy to the west of the Rapallo Border, which separated a quarter of Slovenes from the rest of the nation, and was strongly influenced by Italian fascism.
Matthew Brodie
Matthew Joseph Brodie (1871 – 11 October 1943) was the second Catholic bishop of Christchurch, New Zealand. He was appointed by Pope Benedict XV on 27 November 1915 and died in office on 11 October 1943. He was the first New Zealander by birth to be made a Catholic bishop. He was noted for his interest in promoting the general well-being of all.

Roman Catholic Diocese of Christchurch
The Roman Catholic Diocese of Christchurch (Dioecesis Christopolitana) is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Wellington. Its cathedral and see city are located in Christchurch, the largest city in the South Island of New Zealand. It was formed on 5 May 1887 from a portion of the territory of the Diocese of Wellington, which was elevated to archdiocese later that same month.
Herbert Blaize
Herbert Augustus Blaize PC (26 February 1918 – 19 December 1989) was a Grenadian politician and leader of the Grenada National Party. When Grenada was still a British Crown Colony he served as the first Chief Minister from 1960 to 1961, and again from 1962 to 1967. He became the first Premier of the autonomous Associated State of Grenada briefly in 1967. In the first elections following the 1983 coups and the American-led invasion of Grenada, he served as Prime Minister from 1984 until his death in 1989.

Petite Martinique
Petite Martinique (Petite Martinik)  (/ˈpɪ.ti ˌmɑːrtɪˈniːk/ PI-tee MAR-tin-EEK) is one of the islands of Carriacou and Petite Martinique, which is part of Grenada.

It is 4 km (2+1⁄2 miles) away from Carriacou. With its 586 acres (2.37 km2) and population of 900, it is smaller than Carriacou. Petite Martinique comprises about 9.8% of the total area and 10% of the entire population of Carriacou and Petite Martinique, which is estimated at 10,000. The Capital of Petite Martinique is Madame Pierre town in the north of the island.
Hsu Wei-chun
Hsu Wei-chun (born 25 November 1991) is a Taiwanese karateka. He won one of the bronze medals in the men's kumite 75 kg event at the 2018 Asian Games held in Jakarta, Indonesia.

At the 2017 Asian Karate Championships held in Astana, Kazakhstan, he won the silver medal in the men's kumite 75 kg event. In the final, he lost against Bahman Asgari of Iran.

In 2021, he competed at the World Olympic Qualification Tournament held in Paris, France hoping to qualify for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan.

He competed in the men's kumite 75 kg event at the 2022 World Games held in Birmingham, United States. He was eliminated in the elimination round and he did not advance to the semi-finals.

2022 World Games
The 2022 World Games, also known as Birmingham 2022,  were an international multi-sport event held from July 7 to 17, 2022, in Birmingham, Alabama, United States. They were the 11th World Games, a multi-sport event featuring disciplines of Olympic sports and other competitions that are not currently contested at the Olympic Games; the Games featured 3,457 athletes competing in 223 medal events over 34 total sports.

They were originally scheduled to be held from July 29 to August 8, 2021, but were postponed by one year due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the postponement of the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo to 2021. They were the second edition of the World Games to be hosted by the United States since their inaugural edition in 1981.
Kh-25
The Kh-25/Kh-25M (Russian: Х-25; NATO: AS-10 'Karen') is a family of Soviet lightweight air-to-ground missiles with a modular range of guidance systems and a range of 10 km. The  anti-radiation variant (Kh-25MP) is known to NATO as the AS-12 'Kegler' and has a range up to 40 km. Designed by Zvezda-Strela, the Kh-25 is derived from the laser-guided version of the Kh-23 Grom (AS-7 'Kerry'). The Kh-25 remains in widespread use despite the apparent development of a successor, the Kh-38.

Kha (Cyrillic)
Kha, Khe, Xe or Ha (Х х; italics: Х х or Х х; italics: Х х) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It looks the same as the Latin letter X (X x X x), in both uppercase and lowercase, both roman and italic forms, and was derived from the Greek letter Chi, which also bears a resemblance to both the Latin X and Kha itself.

It commonly represents the voiceless velar fricative /x/, similar to how some Scottish speakers pronounce the hard ⟨ch⟩ in “loch”, but has different pronunciations in different languages.

Kha is romanised as ⟨kh⟩ for Russian, Ukrainian, Mongolian, and Tajik, and as ⟨ch⟩ for Belarusian and Polish, while being romanised as ⟨h⟩ for Serbo-Croatian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, and Kazakh.
It is also romanised as ⟨j⟩ for Spanish.
The Firefly (Fringe)
"The Firefly" is the 10th episode of the third season of the American science fiction drama television series Fringe, and the 53rd episode overall. The episode centers on a chain of events created by Walter's crossing over into the parallel universe in 1985 that has had subtle but significant effects in the present. Christopher Lloyd guest-starred as retired rocker Roscoe Joyce.

As the first episode in its new Friday time slot, "The Firefly" aired on January 21, 2011, in the United States to 4.88 million viewers, outperforming the previous episode "Marionette" Thursday night viewership by 18%. Time shifted viewership added 42% in its ratings. It received generally positive reviews, with many praising the storyline as "elegant" and "beautiful."

Kitchen Nightmares
Kitchen Nightmares, known in the UK as Ramsay's Kitchen Nightmares USA, is an American reality television series originally broadcast on Fox, in which chef Gordon Ramsay is invited by the owners to spend a week with a failing restaurant in an attempt to revive the business. Produced by ITV Studios America, it is based on the British show Ramsay's Kitchen Nightmares.

The show premiered September 19, 2007, on Fox. On June 23, 2014, Ramsay announced that he was ending the series; the final episode aired on September 12 that year. In June 2018, Gordon Ramsay's 24 Hours to Hell and Back, a series similar to Kitchen Nightmares albeit with a shorter timeline, premiered on Fox. In May 2023, Fox announced that the show would re-enter production for an eighth season, which premiered on September 25, 2023. The show's ninth season began airing on January 7, 2025.
It Was You Charlie
It Was You Charlie is a 2013 Canadian comedy-drama film. It is the first feature film of director Emmanuel Shirinian who wrote its screenplay. The movie tells the story of a lonely graveyard shift doorman named Abner, a once-accomplished sculptor and former college art teacher, but now sadly, a mere shadow of his former self. He is heartbroken because of an unresolved conflict with his brother over a woman he once loved, and is at the same time consumed with guilt and suicidal thoughts as he remains profoundly haunted a year after a terrible car accident that took the life of the young woman in the other vehicle.

Aaron Abrams
Aaron Abrams  is a Canadian actor and writer, who has worked in both film and television.

Aaron Abrams has appeared in several regular and recurring roles for television, including Children Ruin Everything, Masters of Sex, Rookie Blue, Slings & Arrows, Longmire, The Oath, Blindspot, Blue Bloods and Hannibal. He also has had supporting roles in dramas Amelia with Hilary Swank, Flash of Genius with Greg Kinnear and the Code 8 franchise.  Aaron Abrams has also written and produced several films, most notably the Netflix hit comedy The Lovebirds starring Kumail Nanjiani and Issa Rae.  He has also written and produced critically acclaimed comedies The Go-Getters and Young People Fucking, as well as the television series The L.A. Complex.
Gadag Institute of Medical Sciences
Gadag Institute of Medical Sciences is an Indian government medical college. It is located in Mallasamudra village of Gadag, Karnataka, India. The institution is affiliated with Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences and offers courses for medical, paramedical and nursing students. It is renamed to K H Patil Institute of Medical Sciences on 17 March 2025 by the current chief minister Siddaramaiah in the honour of K H Patil.

Teaching hospital
A teaching hospital or university hospital is a hospital or medical center that provides medical education and training to future and current health professionals. Teaching hospitals are almost always affiliated with one or more universities and are often co-located with medical schools.

Teaching hospitals use a residency program to educate qualified physicians, podiatrists, dentists, and pharmacists who are receiving training after attaining the degree of MD, DO, DPM, DDS, DMD, PharmD, BDS, BDent, MBBS, MBChB, or BMed. Those that attend a teaching hospital or clinic practice medicine under the direct or indirect supervision of a senior medical clinician registered in that specialty, such as an attending physician or consultant. The purpose of these residency programs is to create an environment where new doctors can learn to practice medicine in a safe setting which is supervised by physicians that provide both oversight and education.
Madhumati Bridge
The Madhumati Bridge (Bengali: মধুমতি সেতু), also called the Kalna Bridge (Bengali: কালনা সেতু), is a 690-metre-long, 6-lane bridge across the Madhumati River in Bangladesh. The bridge connects the districts of Narail, Khulna, Magura, Satkhira, Chuadanga, Jashore,  Jhenaidah, Gopalganj and a few others in the southwest and northwest. The bridge carries national highway N806, and is a part of the Asian Highway Project.

The bridge has four high-speed lanes and two service lanes. Madhumati Bridge was inaugurated by Sheikh Hasina from her official residence at Ganabhaban, Sher-E-Bangla Nagar on 10 October 2022, along with the third bridge across the Shitalakkhya River.

Chuadanga District
Chuadanga District (Bengali: চুয়াডাঙ্গা জেলা) is a district in south western Bangladesh, specifically Khulna Division, Bangladesh. It is bordered by the Indian state of  West Bengal to the west, Meherpur District to the northwest, Jessore District to the south, Jhenaidah District to the east, and Kushtia District to the north. Before partition Chuadanga was one of the five subdivisions of Nadia district.
Stage-specific embryonic antigen 3
Stage-specific embryonic antigen 3 (SSEA-3) is a glycosphingolipid, specifically, an oligosaccharide composed of five carbohydrate units connected to a sphingolipid, also known as globoside-5 (Gb5). Sphingolipids were originally discovered in 1884 by Johann Ludwig Wilhelm Thudichum who named them after the Sphinx of Greek mythology in reference to the unresolved riddle of their function. It is now known that sphingolipids function as key players in cell signaling  and the SSEA-3 molecule as a whole plays a key role in identifying many types of mammalian cells with pluripotent and stem cell-like characteristics.

Sphingolipid
Sphingolipids are a class of lipids containing a backbone of sphingoid bases, which are a set of aliphatic amino alcohols that includes sphingosine.  They were discovered in brain extracts in the 1870s and were named after the mythological sphinx because of their enigmatic nature. These compounds play important roles in signal transduction and cell recognition. Sphingolipidoses, or disorders of sphingolipid metabolism, have particular impact on neural tissue. A sphingolipid with a terminal hydroxyl group is a ceramide. Other common groups bonded to the terminal oxygen atom include phosphocholine, yielding a sphingomyelin, and various sugar monomers or dimers, yielding cerebrosides and globosides, respectively. Cerebrosides and globosides are collectively known as glycosphingolipids.
Oh, You Tony!
Oh, You Tony! is a 1924 American silent comedy Western film directed by John G. Blystone and written by Donald W. Lee. The film stars Tom Mix, Claire Adams, Dick La Reno, Earle Foxe, Dolores Rousse and Charles K. French. The film was released on September 21, 1924, by Fox Film Corporation.

John G. Blystone
John G. Blystone (December 2, 1892 – August 6, 1938) was an American film director. He directed 100 films between 1915 and 1938, his last films being two Laurel  and Hardy feature length comedies,  the second of which (Block-Heads) was released 13 days after his death from a heart attack, aged 45. His grave is located at Valhalla Memorial Park Cemetery.