hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Adiponectin
Adiponectin (also referred to as GBP-28, apM1, AdipoQ and Acrp30) is a protein hormone and adipokine, which is involved in regulating glucose levels and fatty acid breakdown. In humans, it is encoded by the ADIPOQ gene and is produced primarily in adipose tissue, but also in muscle and even in the brain.

UniProt
UniProt is a freely accessible database of protein sequence and functional information, many entries being derived from genome sequencing projects. It contains a large amount of information about the biological function of proteins derived from the research literature. It is maintained by the UniProt consortium, which consists of several European bioinformatics organisations and a foundation from Washington, DC, US.
Alypia ridingsii
Alypia ridingsii, the mountain forester or Ridings' forester, is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Augustus Radcliffe Grote in 1864. It is found in North America as far east as the eastern edge of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado. It is also found in Arizona, Utah, all of California and northward into Oregon, Idaho, Washington, British Columbia and Alaska

The wingspan is about 30 mm. Adults are on wing from March to May in California and as late as June in the more northern and eastern parts of its range.

The larvae feed on Camissonia bistorta, Camissonia californica, Camissonia dentata  and Clarkia rhomboidea.

Eulobus californicus
Eulobus californicus, is a species of flowering plant in the evening primrose family known by the common name California suncup. It is native to California, Arizona, and adjacent northwestern Mexico, where it grows in scrub, chaparral, and desert plant communities.
Norma Patricia Saucedo
Norma Patricia Saucedo Moreno (born 9 February 1972) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Action Party (PAN). In the 2003 mid-terms she was elected to the Chamber of Deputies 
to represent Nuevo León's 4th district during the 59th session of Congress.

4th federal electoral district of Nuevo León
The 4th federal electoral district of Nuevo León (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 04 de Nuevo León) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of 14 such districts in the state of Nuevo León.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies elected from the second region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Lilia Olivares Castañeda of the National Action Party (PAN).
Flowmon Networks
Flowmon Networks is a privately held technology company which develops network performance monitoring and network security products utilizing information from traffic flow. Its Flowmon product series consists of network monitoring probes, collectors for flow data (NetFlow, IPFIX and other standards) analysis and software modules which extend probes and collectors by analytical features for network behavior anomaly detection, network awareness application performance management, DDoS detection and mitigation and traffic recording.

Application performance management
In the fields of information technology and systems management, application performance management (APM) is the monitoring and management of the performance and availability of software applications. APM strives to detect and diagnose complex application performance problems to maintain an expected level of service. APM is "the translation of IT metrics into business meaning ([i.e.] value)."

The term monitoring was replaced by many tool vendors by the term Observability. Often, monitoring is seen as the technical process of data collection, whereas observability is seen as the capability to understand a systems behavior.
Chulym (inhabited locality)
Chulym (Russian: Чулым) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Chulym, Chulymsky District, Novosibirsk Oblast, a town in Chulymsky District, Novosibirsk Oblast

Rural localities

Chulym, Kemerovo Oblast, a selo in Chulymskaya Rural Territory of Topkinsky District of Kemerovo Oblast

Chulym, Krasnoyarsk Krai, a settlement in Chulymsky Selsoviet of Novosyolovsky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai

Chulym, Zdvinsky District, Novosibirsk Oblast, a selo in Zdvinsky District of Novosibirsk Oblast

Kemerovo Oblast
Kemerovo Oblast (Russian: Ке́меровская о́бласть, romanized: Kemerovskaya oblastʹ, Russian pronunciation: [ˈkʲemʲɪrəfskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]), also known as Kuzbass (Russian: Кузба́сс, Russian pronunciation: [kʊzˈbas]), after the Kuznetsk Basin, is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Kemerovo is the administrative center and largest city of the oblast. Kemerovo Oblast is one of Russia's most urbanized regions, with over 70% of the population living in its nine principal cities. Its ethnic composition is predominantly Russian, but native Shors and Kalmak Siberian Tatars also live in the oblast, along with Ukrainians, Volga Tatars, and Chuvash. The population recorded during the 2021 Census was 2,600,923.
USS Sentry (MCM-3)
USS Sentry (MCM-3), an Avenger-class mine countermeasures ship, is the second U.S. Navy ship of that name. Sentry was laid down on 8 October 1984 by Peterson Builders in Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin; launched on 20 September 1986 and commissioned on 2 September 1989.

In 1993, Sentry made a 6-month cruise to Europe, joining the Standing Naval Force Channel and participating in exercise Blue Harrier, in the Baltic Sea. The ship visited Key West, Norfolk, Bermuda, Azores, Oostende, Kiel, Aarhus, Brest, St Malo, La Rochelle, Vigo, Cadiz, Porto, Lisbon, and Gibraltar during this deployment.

In 2009, Sentry changed her homeport to Naval Base San Diego.

On 15 March 2012, the U.S. Navy announced USS Sentry would be one of four minesweepers moved to the Persian Gulf region. Sentry arrived at Bahrain in June 2012.

On September 24, 2025, Sentry was decommissioned.

Mine countermeasures vessel
A mine countermeasures vessel or MCMV is a type of naval ship designed for the location of and destruction of naval mines which combines the role of a minesweeper and minehunter in one hull. The term MCMV is also applied collectively to minehunters and minesweepers.
Tanker Brewery
Tanker Brewery is an Estonian brewery founded in Tallinn in 2014. The brewery's best-selling product is Sauna Session, a beer flavoured with birch whisks.

In 2019, Tanker Brewery opened a new factory in the town of Jüri south of Tallinn, nearly two times bigger than their existing factory. This allowed the brewery to package beer in cans instead of glass bottles.

In 2021, Tanker Brewery was acquired by the Danish company Royal Unibrew, which also owns the Finnish brewery Hartwall. Tanker's CEO, Jaanis Tammela, said the cooperation would be beneficial to both parties and would enable further growth, expansion into new markets and wider product availability.

Tanker is responsible for the distribution in Estonia of various international brands, including Heineken and Pepsi.

Heineken
Heineken Lager Beer (Dutch: Heineken Pilsener), or simply Heineken (pronounced [ˈɦɛinəkə(n)]), is a Dutch pale lager beer with 5% alcohol by volume, produced by the Dutch brewing company Heineken N.V. It is typically sold in a green bottle with a red star.
Ben Douglas (American football)
Frank Benjamin Douglas (March 12, 1909 – December 4, 1985) was an American football player and coach of football and basketball. He served as the head football coach at Grinnell College in Grinnell, Iowa from 1940 to 1941 and again in 1946 and at Colorado College in Colorado Springs, Colorado in 1947, compiling a career college football coaching record of18–17. Douglas played college football at Grinnell from 128 to 1930 and then professionally for one season, in 1933, with the Brooklyn Dodgers of the National Football League (NFL). Douglas was also the head basketball coach at Cornell College in Mount Vernon, Iowa from 1931 to 1932, Grinnell from m 1940 to 1942, and the Missouri School of Mines and Metallurgy—now known as Missouri University of Science and Technology—from 1949 to 1950.

Grinnell College
Grinnell College (/ɡrɪˈnɛl/ grin-EL) is a private liberal arts college in Grinnell, Iowa, United States. It was established as Iowa College in 1846 by a group of Congregationalists from New England. It has an "open curriculum", which means students need not follow a prescribed list of classes. The college's 120-acre campus includes several listings on the National Register of Historic Places.
Sage Hen Dam
Sage Hen Dam is an earthfill dam on Sage Hen Creek in Gem County, Idaho, United States. Its reservoir, Sage Hen Reservoir, is located in the West Mountains of the Boise National Forest, between Boise and McCall. The dam is owned by the Squaw Creek Irrigation Company and does not produce hydroelectric power.

The reservoir is stocked with rainbow trout and supports a native population of redband trout. Recreational facilities at the site include four campgrounds, a boat ramp, and several fishing docks.

Gem County, Idaho
Gem County is a county in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,123. The county seat and largest city is Emmett.

Gem County is part of the Boise metropolitan area.

Gem County is home to the Idaho ground squirrel.
Kim Jin-sun
Kim Jin-sun (Korean: 김진선; born November 10, 1946) is a former governor of Gangwon Province, South Korea, and former president of the Pyeongchang 2018 Olympic Organizing Committee for the 2018 Winter Olympics which was held in Pyeongchang, South Korea.

He resigned from the top post of the POCOG in July 2014 only nine months after being reelected, although his current temp should have expired as late as in October 2015.

Gangwon Province, South Korea
Gangwon Province (Korean: 강원도; RR: Gangwon-do), officially Gangwon State (강원특별자치도; lit. Gangwon Special Self-Governing Province), is a Special Self-Governing Province of South Korea. It is known as the largest and least densely populated subdivision of South Korea. Gangwon is one of the three provinces in South Korea with special self-governing status, the others being Jeju Province and Jeonbuk State. Gangwon is bordered on the east by the East Sea(Or Sea of Japan), it borders Gyeonggi Province to the west, North Gyeongsang Province and North Chungcheong Province to the south, and the Military Demarcation Line to the north, separating it from North Korea. In the 1945 division of Korea, the historical Gangwon Province was divided in half, and remains so to this day.

Pyeongchang County in Gangwon hosted the 2018 Winter Olympics and 2018 Winter Paralympics. Gangwon also hosted the 2024 Winter Youth Olympics.
IML++
IML++, or the Iterative Methods Library, is a C++ library for solving linear systems of equations.  It is said to be "templated" in the sense that the same source code works for dense, sparse, and distributed matrices.

Some of the supported solutions methods are:

Richardson Iteration

Chebyshev Iteration

Conjugate Gradient (CG)

Conjugate Gradient Squared (CGS)

BiConjugate Gradient (BiCG)

BiConjugate Gradient Stabilized (BiCGSTAB)

Generalized Minimum Residual (GMRES)

Quasi-Minimal Residual Without Lookahead (QMR)

Biconjugate gradient method
In mathematics, more specifically in numerical linear algebra, the biconjugate gradient method is an algorithm to solve systems of linear equations

Unlike the conjugate gradient method, this algorithm does not require the matrix  to be self-adjoint, but instead one needs to perform multiplications by the conjugate transpose A*.
Aeolus Ridge
Aeolus Ridge (71°18′S 68°34′W﻿ / ﻿71.300°S 68.567°W﻿ / -71.300; -68.567) is a ridge trending northeast–southwest and rising to about 1,300 metres (4,265 ft) lying in the upper Uranus Glacier at the southern end of Planet Heights in eastern Alexander Island, Antarctica. Named in 1987 by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee after Aeolus, the Greek god of wind, in reference to prevailing weather encountered here by British Antarctic Survey parties.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Aeolus Ridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

British Antarctic Survey
The British Antarctic Survey (BAS) is the United Kingdom's national polar research institute. It has a dual purpose, to conduct polar science, enabling better understanding of global issues, and to provide an active presence in the Antarctic on behalf of the UK. It is part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). With over 400 staff, BAS takes an active role in Antarctic affairs, operating five research stations, one ship and five aircraft in both polar regions, as well as addressing key global and regional issues. This involves joint research projects with over 40 UK universities and more than 120 national and international collaborations.

Having taken shape from activities during World War II, it was known as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey until 1962.
Ancient Voices of Children
Ancient Voices of Children is a musical composition written in 1970 by the American composer George Crumb, and is subtitled "A cycle of songs on texts by Federico García Lorca".

It is scored for soprano, boy soprano, oboe, mandolin, harp, amplified piano (and toy piano), and percussion (three players). It was commissioned by the Elizabeth Sprague Coolidge Foundation.

The piece premiered at the Library of Congress in Washington, D.C., on October 31, 1970, as part of the Coolidge Foundation's 14th Festival of Chamber Music. The first performers were the Contemporary Chamber Ensemble, which featured Gilbert Kalish (piano), Jan DeGaetani (mezzo-soprano), and Michael Dash (boy soprano).

The debut recording, produced by Nonesuch Records in 1971, features the same performers as the premiere performance. This release sold more than 70,000 units; and has become one of the best selling recordings in 20th century classical music.

Gilbert Kalish
Gilbert Kalish (born July 2, 1935) is an American pianist. He is best known for championing the music of Charles Ives and other modernist composers. He is also noted for his partnerships with other artists, particularly his thirty-year collaboration with mezzo-soprano Jan DeGaetani, but also including cellists Timothy Eddy and Joel Krosnick, and soprano Dawn Upshaw.
Alegres Mountain
Alegres Mountain is located on the Colorado Plateau in Catron County, New Mexico. Alegres Mountain is found in the Mangas Mountains and is the 180th highest peak in New Mexico and ranked 30th by prominence.

Alegres Mountain is 10 miles (17 km) south-west of Pie Town, New Mexico and can be accessed via Dipping Vat Road (also referred to as Pipeline Springs Road).

Mangas Mountain Lookout Complex
The Mangas Mountain Lookout Complex, on Mangas Mountain near Mangas, New Mexico, was built in 1934.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.  The listing included one contributing building and one contributing structure.

It includes a fire lookout tower and a cabin or cottage.

photos only
Northwestern Syria clashes (December 2022 – November 2024)
Starting on 2 December 2022, a series of intensified clashes broke out of the frontlines of the 'Idlib de-escalation zone' located in the governorates of Idlib, Aleppo, Hama and Latakia. These confrontations initiated through inghimasi, infiltration and sniper attacks by Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) and allied militant groups against positions held by the pro-government Syrian Arab Army (SAA) positions. These attacks were called We Will Not Reconcile by HTS. In 2023, the first territorial offensive since 2020 was carried out by HTS in the area of Milaja.

According to the Syrian Observatory on Human Rights (SOHR), HTS aims to disrupt potential peace negotiations between Turkey and Syria, and is launching the campaign of attacks as a way of rejecting any deal made on the 'de-escalation zone' in Idlib. Consequently, 2023 was the deadliest year of the Syrian civil war since 2020, given the escalating intensity of the clashes.

Syrian Observatory for Human Rights
The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights (also known as SOHR; Arabic: المرصد السوري لحقوق الإنسان), founded in May 2006, is a United Kingdom-based information office whose stated aim is to document human rights abuses in Syria; since 2011 it has focused on the Syrian civil war. It has been frequently quoted by major news outlets since the beginning of the war about daily numbers of deaths from all sides in the conflict and particularly civilians killed in airstrikes in Syria. The SOHR has been described as being anti-Assad and supporting the Syrian opposition, but has reported on war crimes committed by all sides of the conflict.
Tomas Dy-Liacco
Tomas Enciso Dy-Liacco (November 12, 1920 – October 24, 2019) was a Filipino-American electrical engineer, researcher, and developer often referred to as the father of modern energy control centers.

Dy-Liacco is one of the early pioneers of the basic concepts of security control. He developed several industry-first applications of advanced real-time functions in control centers. He also served as an international consultant on SCADA/EMS (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition/Energy Management System), Distribution Management Systems (DMS) and hydro power plant automation, assisting in the planning, implementation and testing of nearly 40 control center projects in more than 20 countries.

Energy management system (electrical grid)
An energy management system (EMS) is a system of computer-aided tools used by operators of electric utility grids to monitor, control, and optimize the performance of the generation or transmission system. Also, it can be used in small scale systems like microgrids.
Shine On You Crazy Diamond
"Shine On You Crazy Diamond" is a nine-part composition by the English rock band Pink Floyd for their 1975 album Wish You Were Here. It was written by David Gilmour, Roger Waters, and Richard Wright, and first performed on Pink Floyd's 1974 French tour. The song is written about the Pink Floyd founder member Syd Barrett, who left in 1968 following mental health problems.

Roger Waters: This Is Not a Drill – Live from Prague
Roger Waters: This Is Not a Drill – Live from Prague is a 2025 British concert film and live album by English musician Roger Waters, founding member of Pink Floyd. The film was directed by Waters and Sean Evans, and captures a performance from the european leg of Waters' first farewell tour of the same name, filmed at the O2 Arena in Prague on 24 and 25 May 2023.
P. C. Haldar
Pradyot Chandra Haldar (best known as P. C. Haldar) is a retired IPS officer who served as 20th Director of Intelligence Bureau of India.

Haldar was also the interlocutor between the Government of India and militant outfits including ULFA and NDFB till 2015. Halder also served in British High Commission.

Intelligence Bureau (India)
The Intelligence Bureau (IB) is India's internal security and counterintelligence agency under the Ministry of Home Affairs. It was founded in 1887 as the Central Special Branch. The IB is often regarded as the oldest extant intelligence organisation in the world.

Until 1968, it handled both domestic and foreign intelligence after which the Research and Analysis Wing was formed specifically for foreign intelligence; following that, the IB was primarily assigned the role of domestic intelligence and internal security. Tapan Deka is the current director of the IB, since June 2022.
Elslack railway station
Elslack railway station once served the small village of Elslack in North Yorkshire, England. The station was built by the Leeds and Bradford Extension Railway in 1848, between Colne and Skipton. It merged into the Midland Railway in 1851, though some services were operated by the Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway. The station was closed on 3 March 1952, followed by the rest of the line on 2 February 1970.

Leeds and Bradford Extension Railway
The Leeds and Bradford Extension Railway was an early British railway company in the West Riding of Yorkshire. It built a line from Shipley near Bradford through Keighley and Skipton to Colne. The Skipton–Colne Line closed in 1970, but the remainder of the line is still in use today, and once formed part of the Midland Railway's main line route from London to Glasgow.
Michael Owen (psychiatrist)
Sir Michael John Owen FRCPsych FMedSci FLSW is a Welsh research scientist in the area of psychiatry, currently the head of the Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences at Cardiff University.

Professor Owen is also the Director of Cardiff University's MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics and Emeritus Director of the Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute.

Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences
Fellowship of the Academy of Medical Sciences (FMedSci) is an award for medical scientists who are judged by the UK Academy of Medical Sciences for the "excellence of their science, their contribution to medicine and society and the range of their achievements".
Twilight Cinema
Twilight Cinema is the third studio album of the Norwegian band Major Parkinson.  It was released on January 24, 2014. Major Parkinson launched an Indiegogo campaign to fund this album.

In a positive review, Metal Storm said that "Twilight Cinema defies categorisation. You can call it progressive rock, you can call it avantgarde, or cabaret, a musical, or even a theatrical play.". In another positive review, Nordic Music Review called the album a combination of "dark rock" and a "seaside puppet show act".

Indiegogo
Indiegogo (/ˌɪndiˈɡoʊɡoʊ/) is an American crowdfunding website founded in 2008 by Danae Ringelmann, Slava Rubin, and Eric Schell. Its headquarters are in San Francisco, California. Indegogo is one of the first sites to offer crowd funding. Users can solicit funds for an idea, charity, or start-up business. It charges a 5% fee on contributions  in addition to Stripe credit card processing charges of 2,9% + $0.30 per transaction. Fifteen million people visit the site each month.

The site runs on a rewards-based system, meaning donors, investors, or customers who are willing to help to fund a project or product can donate and receive a gift, rather than an equity stake in the company. Following changes in Security and Exchange Commission rules earlier in 2016, Indiegogo has partnered with MicroVentures to offer equity-based campaigns beginning in November 2016, allowing unaccredited investors to participate with equity stakes.
Gustavo Leonardi
Gustavo Leonardi (27 February 1869, Civezzano, County of Tyrol – 25 August 1918, Vintimille) was an Italian entomologist.

Leonardi was an entomology assistant in the universities of  Padua and Portici before becoming a plant disease inspector at Vintimille. He wrote 45 publications on pest insects, such as Monografia delle Cocciniglie italiane (1920). With Agostino Lunardoni (1857–1933), he wrote a four volume treatise on pest insects in Italy (1889–1901). With Antonio Berlese he issued the exsiccata series Chermotheca Italica (1895–1909).

Civezzano
Civezzano (Zivezan in local dialect) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 4 kilometres (2 mi) northeast of Trento. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,484 and an area of 15.5 square kilometres (6.0 mi2).

Civezzano borders the following municipalities: Albiano, Trento, Fornace and Pergine Valsugana.
Grzybki
Grzybki [ˈɡʐɨpki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Warta, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) north-west of Warta, 18 km (11 mi) north-west of Sieradz, and 60 km (37 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź.

Warta, Poland
Warta (Polish: [ˈvarta] ⓘ; Yiddish: דווארט, romanized: Dvart) is a town in Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland, with 3,208 inhabitants (2020). It is situated on the Warta River. It is located in the Sieradz Land.