hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marc Hansen (cartoonist)
Marc Hansen (born 1963) is a cartoonist and creator of Ralph Snart, Weird Melvin and Doctor Gorpon. He has been published by comic book companies such as NOW Comics, Marvel/Epic, Disney, Malibu Graphics and Kitchen Sink Press. Ralph Snart is his most successful creation that began in 1986, which had newsstand and direct market distribution. It peaked at 50,000 copies per month with over one million comics in print.

Epic Comics
Epic Comics (also known as the Epic Comics Group) was an imprint of American publishing company Marvel Comics, active from 1982 to 1996. A spin-off of the publisher's Epic Illustrated magazine, it published creator-owned work unconnected to Marvel's superhero universe, and without the restrictions of the Comics Code. The name was revived by Marvel in the mid-2000s for a short-lived program inviting new writers to pitch series proposals to the publisher.
Friedrichroda Railway
The Friedrichroda railway, known as well as Waldsaumbahn, is a single-track non-electrified railway line in the German state of Thuringia. It is now only used for regional passenger transport, using Class 641 (Alstom Coradia A TER) diesel multiple units. The line was opened in 1848 and is the oldest branch line in Thuringia and one of the oldest lines in Germany.

Alstom Coradia
The Alstom Coradia is a family of diesel multiple units, electric multiple units, and unpowered rail cars for intercity and regional service manufactured by Alstom, with variants operating in Europe, North America, and Africa.
Political divisions and vassals of the Mongol Empire
Through invasions and conquests the Mongols established a vast empire that included many political divisions, vassals and tributary states. It was the largest contiguous land empire in history. However, after the death of Möngke Khan, the Toluid Civil War and subsequent wars had led to the fragmentation of the Mongol Empire. By 1294, the empire had fractured into four autonomous khanates, including the Golden Horde in the northwest, the Chagatai Khanate in the middle, the Ilkhanate in the southwest, and the Yuan dynasty in the east based in modern-day Beijing, although the Yuan emperors held the nominal title of Khagan of the empire.

Toluid Civil War
The Toluid Civil War was a war of succession fought between Kublai Khan and his younger brother, Ariq Böke, from 1260 to 1264. Möngke Khan died in 1259 with no declared successor, precipitating infighting between members of the Tolui family line for the title of Great Khan that escalated to a civil war. The Toluid Civil War, and the wars that followed it, such as the Berke–Hulegu war and the Kaidu–Kublai war, weakened the authority of the Great Khan over the Mongol Empire and split the empire into autonomous khanates.
Kuttiady Assembly constituency
Kuttiady State assembly constituency is one of the 140 state legislative assembly constituencies in Kerala in southern India.  It is also one of the seven state legislative assembly constituencies included in Vatakara Lok Sabha constituency. As of the 2021 Assembly elections, the current MLA is K. P. Kunhammed Kutti of CPI (M).

Parakkal Abdulla
Parakkal Abdulla is an Indian politician and former MLA of Kuttiady. He was born on 15 November 1958 at Eramala to  Moithu Haji and  Kunhami. He was also the district committee treasurer of IUML. His wife is Jameela and has two sons and two daughters. He is a businessman and has lived in Doha, Qatar for more than 30 years as of 2016. He is the official candidate of UDF in Kuttiadi constituency for 2021 Assembly elections.
The Founding Myths of Modern Israel
Les Mythes fondateurs de la politique israélienne (The Founding Myths of Modern Israel) is a book published in 1996 by French philosopher Roger Garaudy. His most controversial work, Les Mythes was translated into English in 2000 by the Institute for Historical Review. The work was determined under French Law to be "racial libel".

Institute for Historical Review
The Institute for Historical Review (IHR) is a United States–based nonprofit organization that promotes Holocaust denial. It is considered by many scholars to be central to the international Holocaust denial movement. Self-described as a "historical revisionist" organization, the IHR promotes antisemitic viewpoints and has links to several neo-Nazi and neo-fascist organizations.

The group was founded in 1978 in Torrance, California, by David McCalden and Willis Carto, and is headquartered in Fountain Valley, California. It published the Journal of Historical Review until 2002, but now disseminates its materials through its website and via email. The parent corporation of the IHR and the affiliated Noontide Press is the Legion for the Survival of Freedom.
Trial plate
A Trial plate was a piece of metal used as a standard in the assaying of coins to determine a coin's accuracy and fineness. Plates made from various metals including copper, silver and gold were used in events such as the Trial of the Pyx as benchmarks of quality. A contender for the earliest known ingot-shaped silver trial plate that dates from 1279 and is held by the Royal Mint Museum in the United Kingdom.

Royal Mint Museum
The Royal Mint Museum  is a numismatics museum located in Llantrisant, Wales, which houses coins, medals, artwork and minting equipment previous owned by the Royal Mint. Although the museum is located on the same site as the Royal Mint, the mint and the museum are separate companies. In partnership with the mint, a new £9 million visitor centre was built to allow members of the public to view part of the museum's collection.
Ron Freeman
Ronald John Freeman III (born June 12, 1947 in Elizabeth, New Jersey) is an American former athlete. At the 1968 Summer Olympics, Freeman won a gold medal in the 4 × 400 m relay and a bronze medal in the 400 meters. Freeman ran the second leg on the American 4 × 400 m relay team, which won the gold medal with a new world record of 2.56.16. His relay leg time (43.2s) was the fastest 4 × 400 meter relay leg ever run and his time stood for more than 25 years.

Raised in Elizabeth, Freeman attended Thomas Jefferson High School and Arizona State University.

Freeman finished second behind Adrian Metcalfe in the 440 yards event at the British 1963 AAA Championships.

He is sometimes confused with Ron Freeman (born 1940), an All-American 400 metres runner in 1963 who also ran for Arizona State and set an earlier world record in the mile relay. Ron Freeman III, born seven years later from New Jersey, was an All-American five years later for the Sun Devils in 1968; the two are not related.

Elizabeth, New Jersey
Elizabeth is a city in and the county seat of Union County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the city retained its ranking as the state's fourth-most-populous city behind neighboring Newark, Jersey City and Paterson, with a population of 137,298, an increase of 12,329 (+9.9%) from the 2010 census count of 124,969, which in turn reflected an increase of 4,401 (3.7%) from the 120,568 counted in the 2000 census.

The Population Estimates Program calculated a population of 140,413 for 2024, making it the 201st-most populous city in the nation and the fifth-most populous municipality of any type in the state, falling behind Lakewood Township.
Inah Machado Sandoval
Inah Machado Sandoval (27 May 1906 - 30 July 2003), also known as "Tia Inah" or Aunt Inah, was a Brazilian composer and pianist. She composed more than 150 choros, waltzes, Brazilian tangos,  mazurcas, and other salon genres for piano. In 1977, her choro for piano Soneca was one of the finalists of the first "Festival Nacional do Choro - Brasileirinho", sponsored by the Brazilian TV network Bandeirantes, among 1,200 entries. Her works were influenced by the musical styles of Ernesto Nazareth, Marcello Tupynambá, Eduardo Souto, Francisco Mignone, and Frederic Chopin.

The scores of all her piano works are currently available for download at the Instituto Piano Brasileiro after they were donated by her nephew, Cesario Ramos Machado in 2016.

Tango music
Tango (/ˈtæŋɡoʊ/ or /ˈtɑːŋɡoʊ/; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈtaŋgo]) is a style of music in 24 or 44 time that originated in Uruguay and Argentina among European immigrants in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. It has mainly Spanish, Italian, Gaucho, African, and French cultural roots. It is traditionally played on a solo guitar, guitar duo, or an ensemble, known as the orquesta típica, which includes at least two violins, flute, piano, double bass, and at least two bandoneóns. Sometimes guitars and a clarinet join the ensemble. Tango may be purely instrumental or may include a vocalist. Tango music and dance have become popular throughout the world.
Broad Avenue Historic District
Broad Avenue Historic District is a national historic district located at Altoona, Blair County, Pennsylvania.  The district includes 140 contributing buildings in a residential area of Altoona.  The buildings were primarily built between 1880 and 1927, and reflect a number of popular architectural styles including Colonial Revival and Italianate.  The area was developed as an early streetcar-oriented development in Altoona. Non-residential buildings include the Broad Avenue Presbyterian Church (c. 1895) and Broad Avenue United Methodist Church (1927).

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

Altoona, Pennsylvania
Altoona (/ælˈtuːnə/ al-TOO-nə) is a city in Blair County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 43,963 at the time of the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Altoona metropolitan area, which includes all of Blair County and was recorded as having a population of 122,823.

Altoona was established in 1849 by the Pennsylvania Railroad. Having grown around the railroad industry, the city has worked to recover from industrial decline and urban decentralization experienced in recent decades. The city is home to the Altoona Curve baseball team of the Eastern League, which is the AA affiliate of the Pittsburgh Pirates Major League Baseball team. They play at Peoples Natural Gas Field in Altoona. The Altoona Symphony Orchestra has called Altoona home since 1928. Prominent landmarks include the Horseshoe Curve, the Railroaders Memorial Museum, the Juniata Shops of the Altoona Works, the Mishler Theatre, the Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament, and the Jaffa Shrine Center.
Lindahl tax
A Lindahl tax is a form of taxation conceived by Erik Lindahl in which individuals pay for public goods according to their marginal benefits. In other words, they pay according to the amount of satisfaction or utility they derive from the consumption of an additional unit of the public good. Lindahl taxation is designed to maximize efficiency for each individual and provide the optimal level of a public good.

Lindahl taxes can be seen as an individual's share of the collective tax burden of an economy. The optimal level of a public good is that quantity at which the willingness to pay for one more unit of the good, taken in totality for all the individuals is equal to the marginal cost of supplying that good. Lindahl tax is the optimal quantity times the willingness to pay for one more unit of that good at this quantity.

Utility
In economics, utility is a measure of a certain person's satisfaction from a certain state of the world. Over time, the term has been used with at least two meanings.

In a normative context, utility refers to a goal or objective that we wish to maximize, i.e., an objective function. This kind of utility bears a closer resemblance to the original utilitarian concept, developed by moral philosophers such as Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill.

In a descriptive context, the term refers to an apparent objective function; such a function is revealed by a person's behavior, and specifically by their preferences over lotteries, which can be any quantified choice.

The relationship between these two kinds of utility functions has been a source of controversy among both economists and ethicists, with most maintaining that the two are distinct but generally related.
75th Venice International Film Festival
The 75th Venice International Film Festival was held from 29 August to 8 September 2018, at Venice Lido in Italy.

Mexican filmmaker Guillermo del Toro was the jury president for the main competition. Italian actor Michele Riondino hosted the opening and closing nights of the festival. The Golden Lion was awarded to Roma by Alfonso Cuarón.

The festival poster was made by Italian artist Lorenzo Mattotti, who designed it in the way "that attracts the eye, that attracts thought, but without revealing too much."

The festival opened with First Man by Damien Chazelle, and closed with Driven by Nick Hamm.

Lorenzo Mattotti
Lorenzo Mattotti (born 24 January 1954) is an Italian comics artist, illustrator and film director. He had an international breakthrough in the 1980s with the comic book Fires. His illustrations have been published in magazines such as Cosmopolitan, Vogue, The New Yorker, Le Monde and Vanity Fair. In comics, Mattotti won an Eisner Award in 2003 for his Dr Jekyll & Mr Hyde graphic novel. He directed the 2019 animated feature film The Bears' Famous Invasion of Sicily.
Bruni family
The Bruni were a Venetian-Albanian medieval family dating back to the 13th century in Shkodër The family fled when the city was occupied by the Ottomans. Part of the family was located in modern day Koper in Slovenia. Giovanni Bruni is mentioned as the archbishop of Ulcinj in 1581. He became the archbishop in 1551 and participated in the council of Trent in 1563. He died from the Spanish who boarded his ship and killed him after the Battle of Lepanto despite yelling ”I am a Christian, I am a bishop”. In 1537, Antonio II of the Bruti-family married with Maria of the Bruni family in Ulcinj. Gasparo Bruni is mentioned as the first knight of Malta, servant of Sultan Murad III. The family was ”trans-imperial subjects” with members working as translators, merchants, and men of the church making them valuable to the Venetians and Ottomans.

Roman Catholic Diocese of Ulcinj
The Diocese of Ulcinj (Latin Ulcinium, Italian Dulcigno) was a Catholic bishopric with see at Ulcinj, in Montenegro, which existed from circa 800 until 1532 and was revived as Latin titular see.

It was established circa 800 as Diocese of Ulcinj without any direct precursor, although its territory was formerly under the Ancient Metropolitan Archdiocese of Doclea.

In 1532, Pope Clement VII appointed James Dalmas as bishop of Ulcinj. Dalmas was also a bishop of Budva, and the diocese was effectively merged into the Roman Catholic Diocese of Budua.
Samet Ashimov
Samet Ashimov (Bulgarian: Самет Ашимов; born 16 May 1979) is a Bulgarian former footballer.

He was raised in Vidima-Rakovski's youth academy. Ashimov is a former member of the Bulgaria U21 national side. He has two children - a daughter and a son.

Ashimov retired from football in 2015 but made a surprising return, joining his last club Strumska Slava Radomir in September 2017.  He made a single appearance for the club in the Second League and was released in December.

Bulgaria national under-21 football team
The Bulgaria national under-21 football team (Bulgarian: Mладежки национален отбор на България по футбол) is considered to be the feeder team for the Bulgaria national football team. This team is for Bulgarian players aged under 21 at the start of the calendar year in which a two-year UEFA European Under-21 Championship campaign begins, so some players can remain with the squad until the age of 23.
Somerset Township, Somerset County, Pennsylvania
Somerset Township is a township in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 12,165 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Johnstown, Pennsylvania, Metropolitan Statistical Area and encompasses the census-designated place (CDP) of Friedens.

Township (Pennsylvania)
A township, under the laws of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, is the lowest level of municipal incorporation of government. All of Pennsylvania's communities outside of incorporated cities, boroughs, and one town have been incorporated into individual townships that serve as the legal entities providing local self-government functions.

In general, townships in Pennsylvania encompass larger land areas than other municipalities, and tend to be located in suburban, exurban, or rural parts of the commonwealth. As with other incorporated municipalities in Pennsylvania, townships exist within counties and are subordinate to or dependent upon the county level of government.
Gray Peak (Yukon)
Gray Peak is the unofficial name for the highest mountain of the Big Salmon Range in south-central Yukon, Canada, located 79 km (49 mi) north of Johnson's Crossing and 84 km (52 mi) south of Fox Mountain.

Johnsons Crossing
Johnsons Crossing or Johnson's Crossing is a settlement in Yukon, Canada. It is located at historical mile 836 of the Alaska Highway, at the junction of the Canol Road where the highway crosses the Teslin River.
Elisa Bravo
Elisa Bravo Jaramillo de Bañados (also spelt Eliza) was a passenger on Joven Daniel when this ship was wrecked on the coast of Araucanía, south-central Chile in 1849. She was rumoured to have survived and been held captive by local Mapuches; her supposed plight caused a stir and was even the subject of two paintings by Raymond Monvoisin.

She was born in Valdivia, Chile, the daughter of Miguel Bravo Aldunate and Carmen Jaramillo Jaramillo. She married Juan Bañados Berendique on 12 October 1846.

Zona Sur
Zona Sur (Southern Zone) is one of the five natural regions on which CORFO divided continental Chile in 1950. Its northern border is formed by the Bío-Bío River, which separates it from the Central Chile Zone. The Southern Zone borders the Pacific Ocean to the west, and to the east lies the Andean mountains and Argentina. Its southern border is the Chacao Channel, which forms the boundary with the Austral Zone. While the Chiloé Archipelago belongs geographically to the Austral Zone in terms of culture and history, it lies closer to the Southern Zone.
Oskaloosa High School (Iowa)
Oskaloosa High School is a public high school in Oskaloosa, Mahaska County, Iowa, USA. It serves about 700 students. Courses include offerings through William Penn University and Indian Hills Community College.

Jeff Kirby is the school's principal. The school has a marching band, jazz band, orchestra, and choir. It is the first high school to have a Pheasants Forever club. There is a Student Council and school newspaper as well as a robotics team.

The Indians are the school mascot and the school has a fight song / battle cry.

Pheasants Forever
Pheasants Forever, Inc. (PF), a 501(c)(3) non-profit conservation organization, is dedicated to conserving wildlife habitat suitable for pheasants. Formed in 1982 as a response to the continuing decline of upland wildlife and habitat throughout the United States, Pheasants Forever, and its quail conservation division, Quail Forever, have a combined membership of approximately 150,000 throughout North America.
Climate change in Saskatchewan
The effects of climate change in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan are being observed in parts of the province. There is evidence of reduction of biomass in Saskatchewan's boreal forests (as with those of other Canadian prairie provinces) that is linked by researchers to drought-related water stress stemming from global warming, most likely caused by greenhouse gas emissions. While studies, as early as 1988 (Williams, et al., 1988) have shown that climate change will affect agriculture, whether the effects can be mitigated through adaptations of cultivars, or crops, is less clear. Resiliency of ecosystems may decline with large changes in temperature. The provincial government has responded to the threat of climate change by introducing a plan to reduce carbon emissions, "The Saskatchewan Energy and Climate Change Plan", in June 2007.

Relative species abundance
Relative species abundance is a component of biodiversity and is a measure of how common or rare a species is relative to other species in a defined location or community. Relative abundance is the percent composition of an organism of a particular kind relative to the total number of organisms in the area. Relative species abundances tend to conform to specific patterns that are among the best-known and most-studied patterns in macroecology. Different populations in a community exist in relative proportions; this idea is known as relative abundance.
Essex and Suffolk Border Football League
The Essex and Suffolk Border Football League is a football competition in England. The league has a total of four divisions headed by the Premier Division which sits at step 7 (or level 11) of the National League System. The top club may apply for promotion to Division One of the Eastern Counties League.

All member clubs compete in the Border League Knock-Out Cup. The league is affiliated to the Essex County FA and Suffolk County FA.

National League System (football)
The National League System comprises the six levels of the English football league system immediately below the level of the English Football League. It comes under the jurisdiction of the Football Association. The National League System has a hierarchical format with promotion and relegation between leagues at different levels. For details of leagues above and below the National League System, see the English football league system.

The system underwent a rearrangement from 2004 to 2008 and was rearranged again in 2018. Phase one went into operation in 2004–05. At the start of the 2006–07 season, phase two was introduced, and a further phase three started from 2007–08 with the starting of a second Step 4 league in the north of England. Phase four took effect in 2018–19. Ahead of the 2020–21 season, Step 7 was abolished, being replaced by feeder leagues overseen by local county FAs.
Järvenpää (surname)
Järvenpää is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anni Järvenpää (born 2000), Finnish figure skater

Hannu Järvenpää (born 1963), Finnish ice hockey player and coach

Juha Järvenpää (born 1989), Finnish ice hockey player

Maarit Järvenpää, Finnish mathematician

Sakke Järvenpää, singer of the Finnish band Leningrad Cowboys

Tero Järvenpää (born 1984), Finnish javelin thrower

Anni Järvenpää
Anni Järvenpää (born 2 January 2000 in Tampere) is a Finnish figure skater. She is the 2016 Finnish senior national champion, and the 2015 Nordics junior silver medalist. She represented Finland at the 2016 Winter Youth Olympics in Lillehammer, Norway, where she placed 13th.
Jumaqliyah
Jumaqliyah (Arabic: الجومقلية) is a Syrian village located in the Subdistrict of the Hama District in the Hama Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Jumaqliyah had a population of 1,064 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Sunni Muslims.

Hama Governorate
Hama Governorate (Arabic: مُحافظة حماة Muḥāfaẓat Ḥamā) is one of the fourteen governorates of Syria. It is situated in western-central Syria, bordering Idlib and Aleppo Governorates to the north, Raqqa Governorate to the east, Homs Governorate to the south, and Tartus and Latakia Governorate to the west. It is the only Governorate (excluding Damascus) that does not border a foreign country. Measures of its area vary from 8,844 km2 to 8,883 km2, with its capital being the city of Hama, also notably being the only Governorate with no land borders with any foreign countries.