hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kłęby, Pyrzyce County
Kłęby [ˈkwɛmbɨ] (German: Klemmen) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Warnice, within Pyrzyce County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south-east of Warnice, 14 km (9 mi) north-east of Pyrzyce, and 38 km (24 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Pyrzyce County
Pyrzyce County (Polish: powiat pyrzycki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Pyrzyce, which lies 38 kilometres (24 mi) south-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The only other town in the county is Lipiany, lying 16 km (10 mi) south of Pyrzyce.

The county covers an area of 725.71 square kilometres (280.2 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 39,931, out of which the population of Pyrzyce is 12,642, that of Lipiany is 4,124, and the rural population is 23,165.
Cameron Hill
Cameron James "Cam" Hill (born 26 November 1996) is an Australian racing driver. He currently races in the Supercars Championship for Brad Jones Racing in the No. 14 Toyota Supra GR.  Hill won the 2015 Australian Formula Ford Series and 2021 Porsche Carrera Cup Australia.

Australian Formula Ford Championship
The Australian Formula Ford Championship is an Australian motor racing competition for drivers of Formula Ford racing cars, held annually since 1970. From 1970 until 1992 it was a national series and from 1993 until 2013 the series was sanctioned by the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport as the Australian Formula Ford Championship. From 2014 to 2018 it reverted to national series status. The Australian Formula Ford Championship name was then applied to the series by the Formula Ford Association from 2019.

Australian Formula Ford is renowned for producing future champions in other categories with many V8 Supercar drivers and Australian international open-wheeler drivers having had a background in the category.
19th Oklahoma Legislature
The Nineteenth Oklahoma Legislature was a meeting of the legislative branch of the government of Oklahoma, composed of the Oklahoma Senate and the Oklahoma House of Representatives. The state legislature met in regular session at the Oklahoma State Capitol in Oklahoma City from January 5 to April 1, 1943, and in special session April 10–21, 1944, during the term of Governor Robert S. Kerr. The special session was called by the governor to ensure military men and women could participate in the 1944 elections.

Government of Oklahoma
The government of the U.S. State of Oklahoma, established by the Oklahoma Constitution, is a republican democracy modeled after the federal government of the United States. The state government has three branches: the executive, legislative, and judicial. Through a system of separation of powers or "checks and balances," each of these branches has some authority to act on its own, some authority to regulate the other two branches, and has some of its own authority, in turn, regulated by the other branches.

The state government is based in Oklahoma City and the head of the executive branch is the Governor of Oklahoma. The legislative branch is called the Legislature and consists of the Oklahoma Senate and the Oklahoma House of Representatives. The Oklahoma Supreme Court and the Oklahoma Court of Criminal Appeals are the state's highest courts.
Three-band anemonefish
The three-band anemonefish (Amphiprion tricinctus) is a species of anemonefish endemic to the Marshall Islands in the western part of the Pacific Ocean. Like all anemonefishes, it forms a symbiotic mutualism with sea anemones and is unaffected by the stinging tentacles of its host.  It is a sequential hermaphrodite  with a strict size-based dominance hierarchy; the female is largest, the breeding male is second largest, and the male nonbreeders get progressively smaller as the hierarchy descends. They exhibit protandry, meaning the breeding male changes to female if the sole breeding female dies, with the largest nonbreeder becoming the breeding male. The fish's natural diet includes zooplankton.

Stichodactyla mertensii
Stichodactyla mertensii, commonly known as Mertens' carpet sea anemone, is a species of sea anemones in the family Stichodactylidae. It is regarded as the largest sea anemone with a diameter of over 1 m (3.3 ft), the next largest being Heteractis magnifica, which has longer tentacles. This species has an oral disc that can be described as more ovoid than circular that contours to the surrounding substrate and is attached to the substrate by adhesive verrucae, which are wart-like projections. Its blunt or pointed tentacles are uniformly shaped, and are only about 1–2 centimetres (0.39–0.79 in) long.  It contains obligate symbiotic zooxanthellae, and is a host to around half the species of anemonefish and one damselfish, Dascyllus trimaculatus.
Zoltan I. Kertesz
Zoltan I. Kertesz (September 2, 1903 – August 1968) was a Hungarian-born American food scientist who was involved in the early development of food microbiology and food chemistry. He was also an active member of the Institute of Food Technologists (IFT).

Food science
Food science (or bromatology) is the basic science and applied science of food; its scope overlaps with agricultural science and nutritional science and extends to the scientific aspects of food safety and food processing, informing the development of food technology.

Food science is an interdisciplinary field that integrates concepts from chemistry, physics, physiology, microbiology, and biochemistry. It evolved from early preservation practices such as salting to an organized research-driven field central to modern food production.

Food scientists develop new food products, design processing methods to produce these foods, select packaging materials, conduct shelf life and sensory evaluation studies of products using survey panels or potential consumers, and perform microbiological and chemical testing. Food scientists may study more fundamental phenomena that are directly linked to the production of food products and its properties.
Kulindroplax
Kulindroplax perissokomos is a Silurian mollusk, known from a single fossil from the Coalbrookdale Formation fauna of England. It lived during the Homerian Age (about 425 million years ago). It is considered a basal aplacophoran. Unlike all modern aplacophorans, which are shell-less, Kulindroplax has a chiton-like shell, and it is considered a transitional fossil in the evolution of molluscs.

The only known specimen, described in 2012, was conserved at the Oxford University Museum of Natural History.

Homerian
In the geologic timescale, the Homerian is an age of the Wenlock Epoch of the Silurian Period of the Paleozoic Era of the Phanerozoic Eon that is comprehended between 430.6 ± 1.3 Ma and 426.7 ± 1.5 Ma (million years ago), approximately. The Homerian Age succeeds the Sheinwoodian Age and precedes the Gorstian Age.

The name comes from the small village of Homer, Shropshire near Much Wenlock. The defining lower boundary of Homerian rock layers (GSSP) is located within the Coalbrookdale Formation of England.
Animal Magnetism (play)
Animal Magnetism is a 1788 comedy play by the English writer Elizabeth Inchbald. A three-act farce, it premiered as an afterpiece at the Theatre Royal, Covent Garden in London on 22 May 1788. The original cast included John Quick as Doctor, William Blanchard as La Fleur, William Macready the Elder as Marquis De Lancey, Mary Wells as Constance and Isabella Mattocks as Lisette. The Irish premiere took place at the Crow Street Theatre in Dublin on 8 November 1788.

Elizabeth Inchbald
Elizabeth Inchbald (née Simpson, 15 October 1753 – 1 August 1821) was an English novelist, actress, dramatist, and translator. Her two novels, A Simple Story and Nature and Art, have received particular critical attention.
Robert Luff
Robert Charles William Luff, CBE (7 July 1914 – 18 February 2009) was a British theatrical agent and producer. He was most notable for producing the stage version of The Black and White Minstrel Show, and being the former agent of Lenny Henry, the Tiller Girls and Beryl Reid. He successfully owned theatres and hotels in Scarborough, Bournemouth, Morecambe and Eastbourne.

Morecambe
Morecambe (/ˈmɔːrkəm/ MOR-kəm) is a seaside town and civil parish in the City of Lancaster district of Lancashire, England, on Morecambe Bay, part of the Irish Sea. In 2011 the parish had a population of 34,768.
Derek Walker (gridiron football)
Derek Raynal Walker (born September 16, 1986) is an American former professional football defensive end. He was signed by the Washington Redskins as an undrafted free agent in 2009. He played college football at Illinois.

Walker was also a member of the Seattle Seahawks, San Francisco 49ers, Hartford Colonials, Virginia Destroyers, Chicago Bears, Chicago Rush, Orlando Predators and Saskatchewan Roughriders.

Virginia Destroyers
The Virginia Destroyers were a professional American football team based in Virginia Beach, Virginia. They began play in the United Football League (UFL) in the 2011 season. They played their home games at the Virginia Beach Sportsplex.

The team succeeded the Florida Tuskers, a charter UFL franchise based in Orlando, Florida, from 2009 to 2010. The Tuskers appeared in the first two UFL championship games, losing both to the Las Vegas Locomotives. In 2010, the league suspended the Tuskers' operations and moved the remnants of the team to Virginia Beach to assume the identity (and some executive staff) of a previously announced expansion team that was to begin play in 2011.

The Destroyers' business license expired on March 1, 2013; the team had effectively ceased operations several weeks earlier.
Sound from ultrasound
Sound from ultrasound is the name given here to the generation of audible sound from modulated ultrasound without using an active receiver. This happens when the modulated ultrasound passes through a nonlinear medium which acts, intentionally or unintentionally, as a demodulator.

Demodulation
Demodulation is the process of extracting the original information-bearing signal from a carrier wave. A demodulator is an electronic circuit (or computer program in a software-defined radio) that is used to recover the information content from the modulated carrier wave. There are many types of signal modulation, and there are many types of demodulators. The signal output from a demodulator may represent sound (an analog audio signal), images (an analog video signal) or binary data (a digital signal).

These terms are traditionally used in connection with radio receivers, but many other systems use many kinds of demodulators. For example, in a modem, which is a contraction of the terms modulator/demodulator, a demodulator is used to extract a serial digital data stream from a carrier signal which is used to carry it through a telephone line, coaxial cable, or optical fiber.
The Industry Opera
The Industry Opera is a Los Angeles-based opera company that creates experimental productions. Founded in 2010 by Artistic Director Yuval Sharon, The Industry has created site-specific projects across Los Angeles.

The industry's projects include world premiere productions with composers Raven Chacon, Du Yun, Rand Steiger, Veronika Krausas, Marc Lowenstein, Andrew McIntosh, Andrew Norman, Ellen Reid, David Rosenboom, Christopher Cerrone, and Anne LeBaron, and new productions of works by John Cage, Lou Harrison, and Terry Riley through the company's Highway One series.

Du Yun
Du Yun (traditional Chinese: 杜韻, simplified Chinese: 杜韵) is a Chinese-born American composer, performer, musician and performance artist. She won the 2017 Pulitzer Prize for Music for her opera Angel's Bone, with libretto by Royce Vavrek. Du Yun was named as one of the 38 Great Immigrants by the Carnegie Corporation of New York in 2018, and received a 2019 Grammy nomination in the category of Best Classical Contemporary Composition for her work Air Glow. In its decade review, UK's Classic FM listed Du Yun's winning of the Pulitzer as No. 6 in "10 ways the 2010s changed classical music forever." Rolling Stone Italia named her as one of the women composers who defined the 2010s. In 2024, Du Yun was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
Deng (Chinese surname)
Deng is an East Asian surname of Chinese origin which has many variant spellings and transliterations. Dèng is the pinyin transcription of 邓 (simplified) or 鄧 (traditional). In 2019, Deng was the 21st most common surname in mainland China.

Sun Ma Sze Tsang
Tang Wing-Cheung MBE (Chinese: 鄧永祥; 20 June 1916 – 20 April 1997), better known by his stage name Sun Ma Sze Tsang (Chinese: 新馬師曾; lit. 'New Ma Sze-Tsang'), was a Cantonese opera singer and actor in Hong Kong.
Hekou Yao Autonomous County
The Hekou Yao Autonomous County (simplified Chinese: 河口瑶族自治县; traditional Chinese: 河口瑤族自治縣; pinyin: Hékǒu Yáozú Zìzhìxiàn) is an autonomous county in the southern part of the Yunnan province of China. It is part of the Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture and borders the northern Vietnamese city of Lào Cai.

Autonomous county
Autonomous counties (Chinese: 自治县) and autonomous banners (Chinese: 自治旗) are county-level autonomous administrative divisions of China. Autonomous counties tend to have a large number of ethnic minority citizens compared to ordinary counties (if not an outright majority), or are the historic home of a significant minority population.

There are 117 autonomous counties and three autonomous banners. The latter are found in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and the former are found everywhere else.
Kreuztor (Ingolstadt)
48°45′51″N 11°25′05″E﻿ / ﻿48.764177°N 11.417917°E﻿ / 48.764177; 11.417917

The Kreuztor, built in 1385, is the western gateway to the medieval city center of Ingolstadt. The tower's name is derived from the leper house belonging to the Church of the Holy Cross (Kirche zum heiligen Kreuz), which stood to the west of the city walls until its destruction in the Schmalkaldic War in 1546.

This seven-turreted guard tower was part of Ingolstadt's second city wall. Of the city's four principal gates (the Feldkirchnertor, Hardertor, Kreuztor and Donautor), only this and the Feldkirchnertor survive today, the latter as part of the castle complex.

Schmalkaldic War
The Schmalkaldic War (German: Schmalkaldischer Krieg; July 1546 – May 1547) was fought within the territories of the Holy Roman Empire between the allied forces of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor and Maurice, Duke of Saxony against the Lutheran Schmalkaldic League, with the forces directly loyal to Charles fighting under the command of Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba.
Afro-Asian Games
The Afro-Asian Games were the series of inter-continental multi-sport competitions, held between athletes from Asia and Africa. The event was held only once, in 2003. These Games were unique, since excluding the Olympic Games no other multi-sport competition brought athletes from these two continents together for one event. These Games were supposed to be held once every four years. They were jointly supervised by the Olympic Council of Asia (OCA), and the Association of National Olympic Committees of Africa (ANOCA).

The first and so far only Afro-Asian Games witness the participation of Asian and African National Olympic Committees (NOCs), along with a few Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF) nations. The inaugural Afro-Asian Games were held in 2003 in Hyderabad, India.

Olympic Council of Asia
The Olympic Council of Asia (OCA) is a governing body of sports in Asia, currently with 45 member National Olympic Committees. Joaan bin Hamad Al Thani has been president of the OCA since 26 January 2026.

The headquarters of the OCA is located at Kuwait City, Kuwait.
Zhaksy-Zhalgyztau (lake)
Zhaksy-Zhalgyztau (Kazakh: Жақсы Жалғызтау; Russian: Жаксы-Жалгызтау), is a lake in Aiyrtau District, North Kazakhstan Region, and Sandyktau District, Akmola Region, Kazakhstan.

Zhaksy-Zhalgyztau village is located by the northeastern and Priozyornoye by the southern lakeshore. Most of the lake is North Kazakhstan Region, but the southern tip is in Akmola Region. The lake water is used for irrigating nearby agricultural fields.

North Kazakhstan Region
North Kazakhstan Region is a region of Kazakhstan with a population of 522,171. Its capital is Petropavl, with a population of 221,907 people. It is the only region of Kazakhstan in which ethnic Kazakhs don't make up a majority.
Mukhtiar Singh Malik
Mukhtiar Singh Malik (1913- 2008)  was a member of the Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha from Haryana. He was a leader of Bharatiya Janata Party. He was also elected to the Haryana Legislative Assembly in the 1968 elections.

Haryana Legislative Assembly
The Haryana Legislative Assembly (ISO: Hariyāṇā Vidhāna Sabhā) is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Haryana. The seating of the assembly is at Chandigarh, the capital of the state. There are 90 seats in the house filled by direct election using a single-member first-past-the-post voting system. The term of office is five years.
Şenköy, Midyat
Şenköy (Kurdish: Epşê) is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Midyat, Mardin Province, Turkey. Its population is 2,269 (2022). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). The village is populated by Kurds of the Habezbenî tribe and by the Mhallami.

Belde
Belde (literally "town", also known as kasaba) means "large village with a municipality" in Turkish.

All Turkish province centers and district centers have municipalities, but the villages are usually too small to have municipalities. The population in some villages may exceed 2000 and in such villages a small municipality may be established depending on residents' choice. Such villages are called belde. Up to 2014 the number of belde municipalities was about 1400.

On 30 March 2014 by the act no. 6360 all villages (those with and without municipality) were included in the urban fabric of the district municipalities in 30 provinces. Thus belde municipalities in 30 provinces were abolished. The number of abolished belde municipalities is 1040.

Presently, in 51 provinces, which are not in the scope of the act no 6360, there are still 394 belde municipalities.
Camp Unplug
Camp Unplug was a series of thirty-six Vines which follow thirteen Viners who grudgingly attend a "digital detox camp", filmed at Camp Wandawega. Described as Vine's "first long-form original series", Camp Unplug was released on June 23, 2016, during VidCon, after the six-second limit on Vines was lifted. It was soon looped over 41 million times the following week. It was twenty-two minutes in length. Camp Unplug was written by Viners Aaron Chewning and Chris Melberger, and produced by Jeremy Cabalona and Karyn Spencer. The series was where future collaborators Drew Gooden and Danny Gonzalez first met.

Camp Unplug received three nominations at the 6th Streamy Awards and was a finalist for Web Series at the 9th Shorty Awards.

9th Shorty Awards
The 9th Annual Shorty Awards, honoring the best in social media, took place on April 23, 2017, at The Times Center, New York City. The ceremony was hosted by actor and comedian Tony Hale. There was a musical performance by Lizzo.
Henry Greer (field hockey)
Henry Kirk Greer (October 11, 1899 – July 20, 1978) was an American field hockey player who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics.

In 1932 he was a member of the American field hockey team, which won the bronze medal. He played two matches as halfback.

He was born in North Adams, Massachusetts and died in Dennis, Massachusetts.  He graduated from Williams College and Harvard Law School.

North Adams, Massachusetts
North Adams is a city in Berkshire County, Massachusetts, United States. It is part of the Pittsfield, Massachusetts Metropolitan Statistical Area. Its population was 12,961 as of the 2020 census. Best known as the home of the largest contemporary art museum in the United States, the Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art, North Adams has in recent years become a center for tourism, culture and recreation.
Desirable difficulty
A desirable difficulty is a learning task that requires a considerable but desirable amount of effort, thereby improving long-term performance. It is also described as a learning level achieved through a sequence of learning tasks and feedback that lead to enhanced learning and transfer.

As the name suggests, desirable difficulties should be highly desirable and increasingly challenging. Research suggests that while difficult tasks might slow down learning initially, the long-term benefits are greater than with easy tasks. However, to be desirable, the tasks must also be achievable.

Challenge point framework
The challenge point framework, created by Mark A. Guadagnoli and Timothy D. Lee (2004), provides a theoretical basis to conceptualize the effects of various practice conditions in motor learning. This framework relates practice variables to the skill level of the individual, task difficulty, and information theory concepts. The fundamental idea is that “motor tasks represent different challenges for performers of different abilities” (Guadagnoli and Lee 2004, p212). Any task will present the individual with a certain degree of challenge. However, the learning potential from this task difficulty level will differ based on the:

skill level of the performer
task complexity
task environment

Importantly, though increases in task difficulty may increase learning potential, increased task difficulty is also expected to decrease performance. Thus, an optimal challenge point exists when learning is maximized and detriment to performance in practice is minimized.
Michael Hogan (Irish politician)
Michael Hogan (1853 – 6 December 1935) was an Irish nationalist politician and a Member of Parliament (MP) for North Tipperary from 1906 to 1910.

He was elected unopposed as an Irish Parliamentary Party MP for North Tipperary at the 1906 general election, and re-elected unopposed at the January 1910 general election. He did not contest the December 1910 general election.

He died on 6 December 1935.

North Tipperary (UK Parliament constituency)
North Tipperary was a UK Parliament constituency in Ireland, returning one Member of Parliament from 1885 to 1922. Prior to the 1885 United Kingdom general election the area was part of the Tipperary (UK Parliament constituency). From 1922, on the establishment of the Irish Free State, it was not represented in the UK Parliament.
Leo Peeters
Leo Albert Elisabeth Peeters (born 2 May 1950 in Kapelle-op-den-Bos) is a Flemish politician and a member of the Socialist Party Different (sp.a).

In early 1995 he became Minister of Work and Social Affairs of the Flemish Government. Later that year he also became Minister of Internal Affairs, Urban Policy and Housing. During his time in office he wrote the Peeters directive, regulating the use of languages in Dutch-speaking municipalities. After the regional elections of 1999 he resumed his function as mayor of Kapelle-op-den-Bos and also became a member of the Flemish Parliament.

1999 Belgian regional elections
Regional elections were held in Belgium, to choose representatives in the regional councils of Flanders, Wallonia, Brussels and the German-speaking Community on 13 June 1999. The regional elections were held on the same day as the European elections and the federal elections.