hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edgemont, Calgary
Edgemont is a residential neighbourhood in northwest Calgary, Alberta, Canada, and is located north of the community of Dalhousie. It is also bounded by John Laurie Boulevard to the south, Sarcee Trail to the west, Country Hills Boulevard to the north, and Shaganappi Trail to the east.

Much of Edgemont is a northwest extension of Nose Hill, as evidenced by the steep escarpments at the southeast end of the community. The elevated position of Edgemont (1245m at its highest) provides views of the city to the south and the Rocky Mountains to the west.

The community began development in 1978, and was recently completed. It is represented in the Calgary City Council by the Ward 4 councillor.

Shaganappi Trail
Shaganappi Trail (/ˌʃæɡəˈnæpi/) is a major super-4 expressway in the northwest quadrant of Calgary, Alberta. It extends to the south as Montgomery View, a small service road in the neighbourhood of Montgomery and that provides access to Edworthy Park, passes north past Market Mall and the western boundary of Nose Hill Park, and terminates in the neighbourhood of Nolan Hill in the north, with city planning maps indicating future northern extension beyond 144 Avenue NW.  The name "Shaganappi" is of Cree origin, referring to the bison hide lacings that held Red River ox carts together. Despite the name, it is not located near the Shaganappi neighbourhood, which is located south of the Bow River.
Gulf of Salwah
The Gulf of Salwah (Dawhat Salwah) is the southern portion of the Gulf of Bahrain. The Gulf of Salwah is a narrow bay separating the peninsula of Qatar from Saudi Arabia. It is bordered to the west by a well-vegetated shoreland containing palm trees and reed beds. To the east are low cliffs and hills, with sand dunes and salt flats at the southern end.

Reed bed
A reedbed or reed bed is a natural habitat found in floodplains, waterlogged depressions and 
estuaries. Reedbeds are part of a succession from young reeds colonising open water or wet ground through a gradation of increasingly dry ground. As reedbeds age, they build up a considerable litter layer that eventually rises above the water level and that ultimately provides opportunities in the form of new areas for larger terrestrial plants such as shrubs and trees to colonise.

Artificial reedbeds are used to remove pollutants from greywater, and are also called constructed wetlands.
Elie Parish Church
Elie Parish Church is a church building in Elie, Fife, Scotland.  It is Category B listed, its oldest surviving part (the clock tower) dating to the 1726.

An earlier church on the site was built in 1639, the work of William Burn, with the tower following just under a century later. The kirkyard is contemporary with the original church. William Scott, of Ardross, was the benefactor for the 1639 church, while Sir John Anstruther donated the funds for the construction of the tower.

John Currie was responsible for renovations made in 1855. Around fifty years later, Peter MacGregor Chalmers added the east porch, vestry and organ chamber.

Clock tower
Clock towers are a specific type of structure that house a turret clock and have one or more clock faces on the upper exterior walls. Many clock towers are freestanding structures but they can also adjoin or be located on top of another building. Some other buildings also have clock faces on their exterior but these structures serve other main functions.

Clock towers are a common sight in many parts of the world with some being iconic buildings. One example is the Elizabeth Tower in London (usually called "Big Ben", although strictly this name belongs only to the bell inside the tower).
Four Bagatelles
Four Bagatelles is New York City Ballet ballet master Jerome Robbins' only ballet made to the music of Beethoven: Bagatelles, Op. 33, Nos. 4, 5, and 2 (in order of performance) and Bagatelles, Op. 126, No. 4. The premiere took place on Thursday, 10 January 1974 at the New York State Theater, Lincoln Center. The ballet was revived for the 2008 Spring Jerome Robbins celebration.

David H. Koch Theater
The David H. Koch Theater is a theater for ballet and dance at Lincoln Center in the Lincoln Square neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. Originally named the New York State Theater, the venue has been home to the New York City Ballet since its opening in 1964, and served as home to the New York City Opera from 1964 to 2011. Renamed to honor philanthropist David Koch, the theater occupies the south side of the main plaza of Lincoln Center, opposite David Geffen Hall near 63rd Street and Columbus Avenue.
IBM PC keyboard
The keyboard for IBM PC-compatible computers is standardized. However, during the more than 30 years of PC architecture being frequently updated, many keyboard layout variations have been developed.

A well-known class of IBM PC keyboards is the Model M. Introduced in 1984 and manufactured by IBM, Lexmark, Maxi Switch and Unicomp, the vast majority of Model M keyboards feature a buckling spring key design and many have fully swappable keycaps.

Keycap
A keycap is a small cover of plastic, metal, or other material placed over the keyswitch of a computer keyboard.  Keycaps are often illustrated to indicate the key function or alphanumeric character they correspond to. Early keyboards were manufactured with the keyswitch and keycap integrated in one unit; keycaps separate from the switch were introduced to facilitate the production of different keyboard layouts.
31st Cavalry Regiment (United States)
The 31st Cavalry is a historical organization within the United States Army and the Alabama Army National Guard that began as a Troop of Cavalry under "The Alabama Militia Law of 1820". The unit was constituted on 24 July 1821 in the Alabama Militia as the 1st Regiment Cavalry Troop at Jackson, Alabama

Alabama Army National Guard
The Alabama Army National Guard is a component of the United States Army and the United States National Guard. National coordination of various state National Guard units are maintained through the National Guard Bureau.

Alabama Army National Guard units are trained and equipped as part of the United States Army.  The same ranks and insignia are used and National Guardsmen are eligible to receive all United States military awards. The Alabama Guard also bestows a number of state awards for local services rendered in or to the state of Alabama.
2025 Karjala Tournament
The 2025 Karjala Tournament was played between 6 and 9 November 2025. The Czech Republic, Finland, Sweden and Switzerland played a round-robin for a total of three games per team and six games in total. One game was played in Catena Arena, Ängelholm, Sweden (Sweden vs Czechia) all the other games were played in Nokia Arena, Tampere. Sweden won the tournament. The tournament was part of 2025–26 Euro Hockey Tour.

Switzerland men's national ice hockey team
The Switzerland men's national ice hockey team (German: Schweizer Eishockeynationalmannschaft; French: Équipe de Suisse de hockey sur glace; Italian: Nazionale di hockey su ghiaccio della Svizzera) is a founding member of the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF) and is controlled by the Swiss Ice Hockey Federation.

As of 2026, the Swiss team is ranked 2nd in the IIHF World Rankings.
Sauka (surname)
Donatas Sauka (1929–2015), Lithuanian literary scholar, folklore researcher, and writer

Leonardas Sauka (born 1931), Lithuanian folklorist

Šarūnas Sauka (born 1958), Lithuanian postmodern painter

Michael-Fredrick Paul Sauka (1934–1990), poet and a composer from Malawi

Michael-Fredrick Paul Sauka
Michael-Fredrick Paul Sauka (1934 -1990) was a Malawian teacher, civil servant, church organist and composer. Prior to Malawi's independence from the UK in 1964, he entered and won a national competition, composing the music and the lyrics for "Mlungu dalitsani Malawi" (Oh God Bless Our Land of Malawi) the national anthem of Malawi, which the country adopted, following Sauka's winning submission at the age of 29.

He briefly studied and worked in London during the Swinging Sixties, without ever earning Royalties for his anthem composition and he died in poverty on the 15 August 1990. In 2005, his family attempted to launch a legal challenge to recover the outstanding payments.
Solomon Carpet
Solomon Carpet (Persian: قالی سلیمان) is an Iranian acrylic and BCF yarn spinning and machine-made carpet producer located in Isfahan. This company is one of the leading manufacturers/exporters of machine-made carpets in the Middle East. The company registered as "Rasoul Isfahan Industrial Company" produces a variety of yarns and machine-made carpets in different sizes and patterns.

The company was founded in 1982 by Hassan Kardan, Hossein Asadi, Reza Monzavizadeh, Ali Kardanpour, and other partners in the historical city of Isfahan. The current owners of the company are Reza Monzavizadeh and Ali Kardanpour. Many countries such as Canada, the UK, Sweden, Russia, UAE, South Korea, Singapore, etc. use its exquisite silk carpets. In 2019, Reza Rahmani, Minister of Industry, Mine and Trade of Iran acknowledged this company as the prominent industrial unit of Isfahan province. Solomon Carpet has over 1,150 workers.

Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade
The Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade (Persian: Vezārate Sannat, Madan va Tejārat) is an Iranian government body responsible for the regulation and implementation of policies applicable to domestic and foreign trade and also regulation and implementation of policies applicable to industrial and mine sectors that formed on 3 August 2011. The ministry resulted from the merger of the Ministry of Industries and Mines and Ministry of Commerce.
Critical illness polyneuropathy
Critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP) and critical illness myopathy (CIM) are overlapping syndromes of diffuse, symmetric, flaccid muscle weakness occurring in critically ill patients and involving all extremities and the diaphragm with relative sparing of the cranial nerves. CIP and CIM have similar symptoms and presentations and are often distinguished largely on the basis of specialized electrophysiologic testing or muscle and nerve biopsy. The causes of CIP and CIM are unknown, though they are thought to be a possible neurological manifestation of systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Corticosteroids and neuromuscular blocking agents, which are widely used in intensive care, may contribute to the development of CIP and CIM, as may elevations in blood sugar, which frequently occur in critically ill patients.

CIP was first described by Charles F. Bolton in a series of five patients.

Combined CIP and CIM was first described by Nicola Latronico in a series of 24 patients.

Electrophysiology
Electrophysiology (from Ancient Greek: ἤλεκτρον, romanized: ēlektron, lit. 'amber' [see the etymology of "electron"]; φύσις, physis, 'nature, origin'; and -λογία, -logia) is the branch of physiology that studies the electrical properties of biological cells and tissues.  It involves measurements of voltage changes or electric current or manipulations on a wide variety of scales from single ion channel proteins to whole organs like the heart.  In neuroscience, it includes measurements of the electrical activity of neurons, and, in particular, action potential activity. Recordings of large-scale electric signals from the nervous system, such as electroencephalography, may also be referred to as electrophysiological recordings. They are useful for electrodiagnosis and monitoring.
Fort Lincoln (Washington, D.C.)
Fort Lincoln is a neighborhood located in northeastern Washington, D.C. It is bounded by Bladensburg Road to the northwest, Eastern Avenue to the northeast, New York Avenue NE to the south, and South Dakota Avenue NE to the southwest.  The town of Colmar Manor, Maryland, is across Eastern Avenue from the Fort Lincoln neighborhood, as is the Fort Lincoln Cemetery.

The name Fort Lincoln was originally used for a Civil War Fort in adjacent Prince George's County, Maryland, across the D.C. line from the Washington neighborhood bearing its name.

Prince George's County, Maryland
Prince George's County (often shortened to PG County, PG, or PGC) is located in the U.S. state of Maryland bordering the eastern portion of Washington, D.C. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the population was 967,201, making it the second-most populous county in Maryland, behind neighboring Montgomery County. The 2020 census counted an increase of nearly 104,000 in the previous ten years. Its county seat is Upper Marlboro. It is the most populous African American-majority county in the United States, as well as the second most affluent behind neighboring Charles County.

The county is part of the Capital region of the state, though portions of the county are considered to be in Southern Maryland. The county also hosts many federal governmental facilities, such as Joint Base Andrews and the United States Census Bureau headquarters.
Peronospora hyoscyami f.sp. tabacina
Peronospora hyoscyami f.sp. tabacina is a plant pathogen infecting tobacco that causes blue mold. It is an oomycete (a fungus-like organism) that is highly destructive toward seed plants. It is very prevalent in humid farming zones, like the southeastern and Eastern U.S., Canada, and countries bordering the Caribbean. The disease was first identified in 1921 in Florida and Georgia. Ten years later the same disease was found once again in the same region of the U.S. The disease began to spread into Virginia, Maryland, and North Carolina. A few years later, the disease reached Kentucky and Tennessee. In 1960, a blue mold epidemic spread in approximately eleven countries. There was approximately twenty five million dollars in losses which is nearly thirty percent of tobacco plants at the time. Each year, Peronospora hyoscyami is introduced as blue mold as windblown spores from outside the region by infected transplants.

Plant disease
Plant diseases are diseases in plants caused by pathogens (infectious organisms) and environmental conditions (physiological factors). Organisms that cause infectious disease include fungi, oomycetes, bacteria, viruses, viroids, virus-like organisms, phytoplasmas, protozoa, nematodes and parasitic plants. Not included are ectoparasites like insects, mites, vertebrates, or other pests that affect plant health by eating plant tissues and causing injury that may admit plant pathogens. The study of plant disease is called plant pathology.
Isaac Le Maire
Isaac Le Maire (c. 1558 – 20 September 1624) was a Dutch entrepreneur and investor who became one of the earliest major shareholders in the Dutch East India Company (VOC). He is best known for his prolonged conflict with the VOC, a struggle that ultimately contributed to the discovery of Cape Horn.

Voorcompagnie
A voorcompagnie (pre-company) is the name given to trading companies from the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands that traded in Asia between 1594 and 1602, before they merged to form the Dutch East India Company (VOC). The pre-companies were financed by merchants from the Northern Netherlands and rich immigrants from the Southern Netherlands. Because of the deadly competition, the government forced the smaller trading companies to unite and form the (United) East India Company. In turn, it received exclusive rights to trade with Asia for the following 21 years.
New Sweden, Minnesota
New Sweden is an unincorporated community in New Sweden Township, Nicollet County, Minnesota, United States.  The community is located near the junction of State Highways 22 (MN 22) and 111 (MN 111).

A post office named New Sweden was opened in 1884 and operated until 1905. The community received its name because many of its early settlers were immigrants from Sweden.

Minnesota State Highway 22
Minnesota State Highway 22 (MN 22) is a 166.325-mile-long (267.674 km) highway in south-central and central Minnesota, which runs from Winnebago County Road R50 at the Iowa state line near Kiester and continues north to its northern terminus at its intersection with State Highway 23 in Richmond, west of St. Cloud.
Rhône (department)
Rhône (French: [ʁon] ⓘ; Arpitan: Rôno) is a French department located in the east-central administrative region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Named after the river Rhône, its prefecture is Lyon. Its sole subprefecture is Villefranche-sur-Saône. Including the Lyon Metropolis, it had a population of 1,875,747 in 2019.

Prefectures in France
In France, a prefecture (French: préfecture, pronounced [pʁefɛktyʁ] ⓘ) may be:

the chef-lieu de département, the commune in which the administration of a department is located;

the chef-lieu de région, the commune in which the administration of a region is located;

the jurisdiction of a prefecture;

the official residence or headquarters of a prefect.

Although the administration of departments and regions is distinct, a regional prefect is ex officio prefect of the department in which the regional prefecture is located. The officeholder has authority upon the other prefects in the region on a range of matters.
Bogotá conference
The Emergency Conference on Palestine, more commonly referred to as the Bogotá conference, Bogotá summit, or Bogotá meeting, was a meeting of 32 countries held by the Hague Group in Bogotá, Colombia, on 15–16 July 2025. At the meeting, 12 of the attendees agreed to several measures intended to stop the genocidal acts committed by Israel during the Gaza war. It was hosted by Colombian president Gustavo Petro, and took place at the San Carlos Palace. Israel's mission to the UN, as well as a spokesperson of the US State Department, both criticized the summit.

Palacio de San Carlos, Bogotá
The San Carlos Palace (Spanish: Palacio de San Carlos; previously Colegio Seminario de San Bartolomé), is a 16th-century Neoclassical mansion in Bogotá, Colombia. Located on the corner of Calle 10 and Carrera 5, the historic building has been the site of various political, social and academic events. Since December 1993, it has been home to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
Ken Sanders (baseball)
Kenneth George Sanders (born July 8, 1941) is an American former professional baseball relief pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) from 1964 to 1976 for the Kansas City Athletics, Boston Red Sox, Oakland Athletics, Milwaukee Brewers, Minnesota Twins, Cleveland Indians, California Angels, New York Mets, and Kansas City Royals.

Kansas City Athletics
The Kansas City Athletics were a Major League Baseball team that played in Kansas City, Missouri, from 1955 to 1967, having previously played in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania as the Philadelphia Athletics. After moving to Oakland, California in 1967, the team became the Oakland Athletics. In 2025, the team moved to West Sacramento, California as the Athletics, and plans ultimately to move to the Las Vegas metropolitan area.

The Kansas City franchise played at Municipal Stadium from 1955 to 1967.

The Kansas City Athletics had an overall win–loss record of 829–1,224–7 (.404) during their 13 years in Kansas City. Four Kansas City Athletics players were elected to the National Baseball Hall of Fame: Satchel Paige, Reggie Jackson, Enos Slaughter, and Catfish Hunter.
Vínarterta
Vínarterta (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈviːnarˌtʰɛr̥ta], "Vienna torte") or Randalín, is a dessert originating in 19th century Iceland, now popular among the descendants of Icelandic migrants to North America. Most vínarterta are multi-layered cakes made from alternating layers of almond and/or cardamom-flavoured biscuit or shortbread and dried prunes or sometimes plum jam, the filling sometimes including spices such as cinnamon, vanilla, cloves, and cardamom.

The cake is typically served in rectangular slices with coffee. It is served during Christmas and celebration events such as weddings or funerals.

Clove
Cloves are the aromatic flower buds of a tree in the family Myrtaceae, Syzygium aromaticum (/sɪˈzɪdʒiːəm ˌærəˈmætɪkəm/). They are native to the Maluku Islands, or Moluccas, in Indonesia, and are commonly used as a spice, flavoring, or fragrance in consumer products, such as toothpaste, soaps, or cosmetics. Cloves are available throughout the year owing to different harvest seasons across various countries.
Llaulliyoc
Llaulliyoc (possibly from Quechua llawlli Barnadesia horrida, -yuq a suffix, "the one with the llawlli") is a mountain north of the Urubamba mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 4,400 m (14,400 ft) high. It is located in the Cusco Region, La Convención Province, Ocobamba District, and in the Urubamba Province, Ollantaytambo District.

La Convención province
La Convención is the largest of thirteen provinces in the Cusco Region in the southern highlands of Peru.

As part of the higher-altitude Amazon basin at the foot of the Andes, La Convención is one of three Peruvian provinces that prominently figure in national coffee production, the other being Chanchamayo province in Junín and Jaén province in Cajamarca.
Al Hartha
Al Hartha is a city located in the north-eastern part of Basrah Governorate on the east bank of the river Euphrates, bounded on the north to Qurna and the south province of Basra, linking Hartha, the main road, with Baghdad and the city center, Basra. Basra International Airport and the University of Basrah Campus are located in the southern part of Al Hartha.

Basra International Airport
Basra International Airport (Arabic: مطار البصرة الدولي, romanized: Maṭār al-Baṣrah ad-Duwaliyy) (IATA: BSR, ICAO: ORMM) is international airport in Iraq, serving the southern city of Basra. As of 2022, Basra International Airport is the fourth-busiest airport by total passenger traffic and aircraft operations in the country, behind the airports in Baghdad, Najaf and Erbil.
Mewaram Jain
Mewaram Jain (born 7 June 1953) is an Indian politician. He has served as a member of the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly from 2008 to 2023 representing the Barmer. He is a member of the Indian National Congress. Jain was the main defendant in the 2023 Barmer rape case and child abuse and booked under the POCSO Act.

Rajasthan Legislative Assembly
The Rajasthan Legislative Assembly (ISO: Rājāsthān Vidhān Sabhā), is the unicameral legislature of the state of Rajasthan. It is a vital part of the state government, responsible for making and implementing laws.

The assembly meets at Vidhan Bhavan situated in Jaipur, the capital of Rajasthan.
Qangdoi Township
Qangdoi (Tibetan: བྱང་སྟོད་), or Qiangdui (simplified Chinese: 强堆乡; traditional Chinese: 強堆鄉; pinyin: Qiángduī Xiāng), is a township in Bainang County, in the Shigatse prefecture-level city of the Tibet Autonomous Region of China. At the time of the 2010 census, the township had a population of 2,369. As of 2019, it had seven villages under its administration. The Nyang River flows to the south of the main village.

Shigatse
Shigatse, officially known as Xigazê (Tibetan: གཞིས་ཀ་རྩེ་, Wylie: gzhis ka rtse, ZWPY: xigazê) or Rikaze (Chinese: 日喀则; pinyin: Rìkāzé), is a prefecture-level city of the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China. Its area of jurisdiction, with an area of 182,000 km2 (70,271 sq mi), corresponds to the historical Ü-Tsang region of Tibet, and is most notable for containing the Chinese half of Mount Everest.
Wintonopus
Wintonopus is an ichnogenus of dinosaur footprint. Its footprints have been found at Lark Quarry in Queensland Australia. The genus is named after the Winton Formation in which the tracks were found. Other tracks were found in the Broome Sandstone of Dampier Peninsula, Western Australia.

Dampier Peninsula
The Dampier Peninsula is a peninsula located north of Broome and Roebuck Bay in the Kimberley region of Western Australia, named after the mariner and explorer William Dampier who visited it. It is surrounded by the Indian Ocean to the west and north, and King Sound to the east. The northernmost part of the peninsula is Cape Leveque. It is sparsely inhabited, mostly by Indigenous Australian peoples, some of whom have been granted native title rights to some of their traditional lands. There are many coastal inlets, bays, and other features, including Beagle Bay on its western side.