hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
APZ questionnaire
The APZ (Abnormal Mental States) questionnaire is one of the most widely used psychometric scales for assessing subjective experiences of altered states of consciousness. First published in 1998 by Adolf Dittrich, the APZ questionnaire comprises three dimensions: "Oceanic Boundlessness (OSE)", "Dread of Ego Dissolution (AIA)" and "Visionary Restructuralization (VUS)". According to Google Scholar, it has been cited at least 269 times.

Scale (social sciences)
In the social sciences, scaling is the process of measuring or ordering entities with respect to quantitative attributes or traits. For example, a scaling technique might involve estimating individuals' levels of extraversion, or the perceived quality of products. Certain methods of scaling permit estimation of magnitudes on a continuum, while other methods provide only for relative ordering of the entities.

The level of measurement is the type of data that is measured.

The word scale, including in academic literature, is sometimes used to refer to another composite measure, that of an index. Those concepts are however different.
Paul-Henri Marron
Paul-Henri Marron was the first Reformed pastor in Paris following the French Revolution.  Born in the Netherlands to a Huguenot family, Marron first came to Paris as the chaplain of the Dutch embassy.  Protestants in France had been prohibited from worshipping openly since the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes in 1685.  The Edict of Tolerance in 1787 gave non-Catholics the right to openly practice their religion.  Marron was recruited to lead the newly tolerated Protestant community of Paris, a task he accomplished through the French Revolution, several imprisonments, the Napoleonic Wars, the Bourbon Restoration and into the July Monarchy.

Bourbon Restoration in France
The Bourbon Restoration was the period of French history during which the House of Bourbon returned to power after the fall of Napoleon Bonaparte in 1814 and 1815. Exiled supporters of the monarchy returned to France, which had been profoundly changed by the French Revolution. Exhausted by the Napoleonic Wars, the kingdom experienced a period of internal and external peace, stable economic prosperity and the preliminaries of industrialisation. The July Revolution of 1830 effectively ended the restoration during the reign of Charles X, brother of the late King Louis XVI, leading to the July Monarchy and eventually the French Second Republic.
DXEZ
DXEZ (88.7 FM), broadcasting as Radyo Sincero 88.7, is a radio station owned by Audiovisual Communicators and operated by ABJ Broadcasting Services, the media arm of Herbz Med Pharma Corporation. Its studios and transmitter are located at the 4th Floor, DTI Field Office Bldg., South Osmena St., Brgy. Dadiangas East, General Santos.

General Santos
General Santos, officially the City of General Santos and abbreviated as GenSan, is a highly urbanized city in the region of Soccsksargen, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 722,059 people making it the most populous city in Soccsksargen Region.

It is located on the island of Mindanao, it is the southernmost and 13th-most populous city in the Philippines. It is the regional center for commerce and industry of the Soccsksargen region, and it is also the only coastal as well as the largest city in the province of South Cotabato wherein it is geographically situated and grouped under the province by the Philippine Statistics Authority but administered independently of it.
Eastern Region Army Group
The Eastern Region Army Group, Spanish: Grupo de Ejércitos de la Región Oriental (GERO), was a military formation of the Spanish Republican Army during the last phase of the Spanish Civil War. It was established in June 1938 as a response to the splitting in two of the territory under the sovereignty of the Spanish Republic after the Central Region Army Group (GERC), under the command of General Miaja, had been set up in the central-southern region of Spain.

This army group of the Spanish Republican military lasted until the Fall of Catalonia on 9 February 1939.

Bridgehead
In military strategy, a bridgehead (or bridge-head) is the strategically important area of ground around the end of a bridge or other place of possible crossing over a body of water which at time of conflict is sought to be defended or taken over by the belligerent forces.

Bridgeheads typically exist for only a few days, the invading forces either being thrown back or expanding the bridgehead to create a secure defensive lodgement area, before breaking out into enemy territory, such as when the U.S. 9th Armored Division seized the Ludendorff Bridge at Remagen in 1945 during World War II.  In some cases a bridgehead may exist for months.
Deanna Wong
Maria Deanna Izabella Alvizo Wong (born July 18, 1998) is a Filipino professional volleyball athlete. Wong was a member of the Ateneo de Manila University Lady Blue Eagles, the school's women's varsity volleyball team from 2016 to 2020. During Season 80 of the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP) in 2018, she won the Best Setter Award.

While being a part of the team, Ateneo was the UAAP runner-up in 2016 and 2017, won bronze in 2018, and became the champions in 2019. The team, in partnership with Motolite, also reached the finals in the Premier Volleyball League Season 2 Open Conference in 2018.

In June 2020, she was signed by the Choco Mucho Flying Titans.

Motolite Power Builders
The Motolite Power Builders were a women's volleyball team in the Philippines. The team competed in the Premier Volleyball League in 2019 and is owned by Philippine Batteries Inc., with the company naming the team after its subsidiary, Motolite Batteries.

Motolite previously sponsored the Ateneo Lady Eagles team during the 2018 Open Conference before establishing this team.
Tell Damshij
Tell Damshij (Arabic: تل دمشيج), also known as Qodchanis (قوجانس), is a village near Tell Tamer in western al-Hasakah Governorate, northeastern Syria. Administratively it belongs to the Nahiya Tell Tamer.

The village is inhabited by Assyrians belonging to the Assyrian Church of the East. At the 2004 census, it had a population of 153.

Tell Tamer Subdistrict
Tell Tamer Subdistrict (Arabic: ناحية تل تمر)  is a subdistrict of al-Hasakah District in western al-Hasakah Governorate, northeastern Syria. The administrative centre is the city of Tell Tamer.

At the 2004 census, the subdistrict had a population of 50,982. Assyrians from the Assyrian Church of the East constitute about 40% of the population of this district, with the rest being Kurds and Arabs. It is the headquarter of the Assyrian Khabour Guards and Nattoreh militias, as well as the location of a large Syriac Orthodox Monastery.
2011 PlayStation Network outage
The 2011 PlayStation Network outage (sometimes referred to as the 2011 PSN Hack) was the result of an "external intrusion" on Sony's PlayStation Network and Qriocity services, in which personal details from approximately 77 million accounts were compromised and prevented users of PlayStation 3 and PlayStation Portable consoles from accessing the service. The attack occurred between April 17 and April 19, 2011, forcing Sony to deactivate the PlayStation Network servers on April 20. The outage lasted 24 days.

Government officials in various countries voiced concern over the theft and Sony's one-week delay before warning its users. The breach resulted in the exposure and vulnerability of personally identifiable information, including usernames, physical addresses, email addresses, dates of birth, passwords, and financial details such as credit card and debit card information.

Daybreak Game Company
Daybreak Game Company LLC is an American video game developer based in San Diego. The company was founded in December 1997 as Sony Online Entertainment (a subsidiary of Sony Computer Entertainment) but was spun off to an independent investor in February 2015 and renamed Daybreak Game Company. On December 1, 2020, Daybreak Game Company entered into an agreement to be acquired by Enad Global 7.

They are known for owning, maintaining, and creating additional content for the games EverQuest, EverQuest II, The Matrix Online, PlanetSide, Star Wars Galaxies, Clone Wars Adventures, Free Realms, Vanguard: Saga of Heroes, DC Universe Online, PlanetSide 2, H1Z1: Just Survive, and H1Z1: King of the Kill, along with more recent acquisitions Dungeons & Dragons Online, Magic: The Gathering Online, The Lord of the Rings Online, and Palia.
Lori Cannon
Lori F. Cannon (May 22, 1951 – August 3, 2025) was an American AIDS activist who was based in Chicago. She was a volunteer at Chicago House and Social Service Agency, the non-profit organization providing housing and hospice during the AIDS crisis. She then worked with the NAMES Project AIDS Memorial Quilt, helping to establish the Chicago chapter. She was involved with the 1988, 1990, and 1994 installations of the quilt in Chicago, coordinating media and public relations activities.

NAMES Project AIDS Memorial Quilt
The NAMES Project AIDS Memorial Quilt, often abbreviated to AIDS Memorial Quilt or AIDS Quilt, is a memorial to celebrate the lives of people who have died of 
AIDS-related causes. Weighing an estimated 54 tons, it is the largest piece of community folk art in the world, as of 2020. It was conceived in 1985, during the early years of the AIDS pandemic, when social stigma prevented many AIDS victims from receiving funerals. It has been displayed on the Mall in Washington, D.C., several times. In 2020, it returned to San Francisco, where it is cared for by the National AIDS Memorial.  It can be seen virtually.
Enhanced Partnership with Pakistan Act of 2009
The Enhanced Partnership with Pakistan Act of 2009 s.1707 (also known as the Kerry-Lugar-Berman Act) was an act of the United States Congress passed into law on October 15, 2009. It authorizes the release of $1.5 billion per year to the government of Pakistan as non-military aid from 2010 to 2014. It was proposed by Senators John Kerry (D-Massachusetts) and Richard Lugar (R-Indiana). It is considered a major shift in foreign aid to Pakistan, as it significantly increases the civil aid given to the country as compared to previous aid given.

Dana Rohrabacher
Dana Tyrone Rohrabacher (/ˈrɔːrəˌbɑːkər/ ROR-ə-BAH-kər; born June 21, 1947) is an American former politician who served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1989 to 2019. Representing California's 48th congressional district for the last three terms of his House tenure. A member of the Republican Party, Rohrabacher was defeated by Democrat Harley Rouda in 2018 by a margin of 7.2%. During his tenure in Congress, Rohrabacher expressed strong pro-Russia and pro-Putin opinions which have raised questions about his relationship with Vladimir Putin and the Russian government. Politico dubbed him as "Putin's favorite congressman".
Himakajima
Himakajima (日間賀島) is an inhabited island in Mikawa Bay in Aichi Prefecture, Japan off the coast of the Chita Peninsula, which is administered by the town of Minamichita, Aichi. All of the island is within the borders of the Mikawa-wan Quasi-National Park.  It draws many tourists who come to eat the octopus and blowfish caught off the island and prepared there, to enjoy the onsen, to fish, or to spend time on the beach. Per the 2015 Japanese census, the island had  a population of 1896 people in 607 households.

Mikawa-wan Quasi-National Park
Mikawa-wan Quasi-National Park (三河湾国定公園, Mikawa-wan Kokutei Kōen) is a quasi-national park in Aichi Prefecture, Japan. It is rated a protected landscape (category V) according to the IUCN.
The park includes the coastal areas of the Atsumi Peninsula, the Pacific shoreline of the Chita Peninsula as well as islands and portion of the northern shoreline of Mikawa Bay.

It was founded on 10 April 1958 and has an area of 94.4 km2 (36.4 sq mi).

Like all quasi-national parks in Japan, the park is managed by the local prefectural governments.
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly, 1996–1998
This is a list of members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly, elected at the 1996 state election:

1  ALP member Michael Field resigned in early 1997. Mike Gard was elected as his replacement on 15 July.

2  Liberal member Roger Groom resigned in early 1997. Carole Cains was elected as his replacement on 15 July.

Mike Gard
Michael Gard (born 24 January 1952) is a former Australian politician. He was born in Franklin, Tasmania. He was an unsuccessful Labor candidate for Braddon in the 1996 Tasmanian election, but in 1997 he was elected in a countback following the resignation of Michael Field. He was defeated in 1998, when the House was reduced in size.
Kokaji
Kokaji (小鍛冶, The Swordsmith) is a Japanese Noh play by an unknown author.

A popular noh play centered around the creation of a sacred sword and the kami Inari, it has influenced other works of art, including several bunraku and kabuki plays. It belongs to the fifth category.

It has been praised as a piece whose "sharp movements and invigorating chants never allow the audience to become bored".

Bunraku
Bunraku (文楽; Japanese pronunciation: [bɯꜜn.ɾa.kɯ]) is a form of traditional Japanese puppet theatre, founded in Osaka in the beginning of the 17th century, which is still performed in the modern day. Three kinds of performers take part in a bunraku performance: the Ningyōtsukai or Ningyōzukai (puppeteers), the tayū (chanters), and shamisen musicians. Occasionally other instruments such as taiko drums will be used.
The combination of chanting and shamisen playing is called jōruri and the Japanese word for puppet (or dolls, generally) is ningyō. It is used in many plays.
Ödön Mihalovich
Ödön (Edmund) Péter József de Mihalovich (September 13, 1842 in Fericsánci, Slavonia – April 22, 1929 in Budapest) was a Hungarian composer and music educator.

Mihalovich first studied in Pest with Mihály Mosonyi. In 1865, he moved to Leipzig, studying there with Moritz Hauptmann, and, in 1866, he completed his studies in Munich with Peter Cornelius. Mihalovich then moved back to Pest; in 1872, he became president of the city's Wagner Society and, in 1887, he followed Franz Liszt as the head of the Budapest Academy of Music, a position he held until 1919.

He was also, according to a contemporary source  a pupil of Hans von Bülow.

While Mihalovich's works are thoroughly Wagnerian in style, he was supportive of Hungarian nationalism and encouraged composers such as Béla Bartók and Zoltán Kodály.

A symphony in D minor was published by Breitkopf & Härtel in 1883.

Moritz Hauptmann
Moritz Hauptmann (13 October 1792, Dresden – 3 January 1868, Leipzig), was a German music theorist, teacher and composer. His principal theoretical work is the 1853 Die Natur der Harmonie und der Metrik explores numerous topics, particular the philosophy of music.
Loanwords in Sri Lankan Tamil
Loan words in Sri Lankan Tamil came about mostly due contact between colonial powers and the native population. Linguists study a language's lexicon for a number of reasons. Languages such as Tamil with centuries of literature and multi-cultural contact offer the chance to compare the various processes of lexical change. The words of foreign origin or loanwords illustrate those processes: calques, loanwords, the distinction between function words and content words.

Note: For information on the transcription used, see National Library at Calcutta romanization and Tamil script.

National Library at Kolkata romanisation
The National Library at Kolkata romanisation is a widely used transliteration scheme in dictionaries and grammars of Indic languages. Also known as the Library of Congress, this transliteration scheme is nearly identical to one of the possible ISO 15919 variants. The scheme is an extension of the IAST scheme that is used for the transliteration of Sanskrit.
Imouzzer
There is more than one place called Imouzzer:

Imouzzer Ida Ou Tanane in Agadir-Ida Ou Tanane Prefecture, Souss-Massa-Drâa, Morocco

Imouzzer Kandar in Sefrou Province, Fès-Boulemane, Morocco

Imouzzer Marmoucha in Boulemane Province, Fès-Boulemane, Morocco

Imouzzer Ida Ou Tanane
Imouzzer Ida Ou Tanane (Berber: Imuzzar Ida Utanan, Arabic: إيموزار إيدا وتنان) is a small town and rural commune in Agadir-Ida Ou Tanane Prefecture, Souss-Massa, Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a population of 6,351 living in 1,153 households.
Donaghadee Lifeboat Station
Donaghadee Lifeboat Station is located at the Parade, in Donaghadee, a harbour town approximately 19 miles (31 km) east of Belfast, on the east coast of County Down, Northern Ireland

A lifeboat was first stationed at Donaghadee in 1910 by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI).

The station currently operates the All-weather Trent-class lifeboat, 14-21 MacQuarie (ON 1225), on station since 2023.

Donaghadee
Donaghadee (/ˌdɒnəxəˈdiː/ DON-ə-khə-DEE, from Irish Domhnach Daoi) is a small town in County Down, Northern Ireland. It lies on the northeast coast of the Ards Peninsula, about 18 miles (29 km) east of Belfast and about six miles (10 km) south east of Bangor. It is in the civil parish of Donaghadee and the historic barony of Ards Lower. It had a population of 7,320 people in the 2021 Census.
2016–17 Third Amateur Football League (Bulgaria)
The 2016–17 Third Amateur Football League season was the 67th season of the Bulgarian Third Amateur Football League. The league is equivalent to the third level of the Bulgarian football pyramid, with a total of four divisions within it. The divisions themselves are geographically separated into Northwest, Northeast, Southeast, and Southwest. This was the first season following the 2016 reorganization of the Bulgarian football league system, which saw the emergence of new a competition format, including the First and Second Professional Football Leagues.

FC Hebar Pazardzhik
FC Hebar (Bulgarian: Футболен клуб Хебър) is a Bulgarian professional football club based in Pazardzhik. The club currently competes in the Second League, the second tier of the Bulgarian football league system.

Founded in 1918, Hebar has played at their current home ground, Stadion Georgi Benkovski, since 1989. Hebar has played a total of five seasons in the top level of Bulgarian football, most recently in 2024-25. In 2001, despite finishing ninth in the A Group that season (club’s highest finish), the owners of the club moved the assets of the club to Petrich, reforming Belasitsa Petrich. Fans from Pazardzhik re-founded the club the same year, starting from the amateur levels.
Districts of Syria
The 14 governorates of Syria, or muhafazat (sing. muhafazah), are divided into 65 districts, or manatiq (sing. mintaqah), including the city of Damascus. The districts are further divided into 281 subdistricts, or nawahi (sing. nahiya). Each district bears the same name as its district capital.

Districts and subdistricts are administered by officials appointed by the governor, subject to the approval of the minister of the interior. These officials work with elected district councils to attend to assorted local needs, and serve as intermediaries between central government authority and traditional local leaders, such as village chiefs, clan leaders, and councils of elders.

Muhafazah
A muḥāfaẓah is a first-level administrative division of many Arab countries, and a second-level administrative division in Saudi Arabia. The term is usually translated as "governorate", and occasionally as "province".

It comes from the Arabic root ح-ا-ف-ظ, ḥ-ā-f-ẓ, (verb: حافظ, ḥāfaẓa), which means to "keep" and "guard".

The head of a muḥāfaẓah is a governor (Arabic: مُحَافِظ, muḥāfiẓ) .

The governorates of Tunisia are wilāyah in Arabic.
1935 Calgary municipal election
The 1935 Calgary municipal election was held on November 20, 1935, to elect a Mayor and six Aldermen to sit on Calgary City Council. Along with positions on Calgary City Council, three trustees for the Public School Board, and three trustees for the Separate School Board were elected. Nominations closed on November 4, 1935.

Calgary City Council governed under "Initiative, Referendum and Recall" which is composed of a Mayor, Commissioner and twelve Aldermen all elected to staggered two year terms. Mayor Andrew Davison and six Aldermen: Douglas Cunnington, Frank Roy Freeze, William Ayer Lincoln, Robert Henry Parkyn, and Aylmer John Eggert Liesemer elected in 1934 continued in their positions.

Andrew Davison (politician)
Andrew Davison (December 18, 1886 – April 6, 1963) was a Canadian politician, printer and 24th Mayor of Calgary. He served as alderman from 1922 to 1926 and mayor from 1929 to 1945 - his 15 year term as mayor is the longest in the city's history. He also served as a member of the Alberta Legislature 1940 to 1948.
Sanky Panky (film)
Sanky Panky is a 2007 Dominican Republic comedy film directed by José Enrique "Pinky" Pintor.

The film was produced entirely in the Dominican Republic and highlighted issues about the Dominican diaspora. The film was shown at the 24th Chicago Latino Film Festival in 2008.

El Jeffrey
José Gabriel Severino (born 1 April 1974), better known by his stage name El Jeffrey, is a merengue artist from the Dominican Republic. A major album of his is "Mi Vida". El Jeffrey first became a household name with the 80's merengue group La Artillería.
Orbital Resonance (novel)
Orbital Resonance is a science fiction novel by John Barnes. It is the first of four books comprising the Century Next Door series, followed by Kaleidoscope Century, Candle, and The Sky So Big and Black.

Orbital Resonance was nominated for the James Tiptree Jr. Award (now Otherwise Award) in 1991 and the Nebula Award for Best Novel in 1992.

Otherwise Award
The Otherwise Award, originally known as the James Tiptree Jr. Award, is an American annual literary prize for works of science fiction or fantasy that expand or explore one's understanding of gender. It was initiated in February 1991 by science fiction authors Pat Murphy and Karen Joy Fowler, subsequent to a discussion at WisCon, a feminist SF conference.

In addition to the award itself, the judges publish an Honor List, which they describe as "a strong part of the award's identity", "used by many readers as a recommended reading list".

In 2024, the award administrators announced that they would be switching from a single winner each year to a shortlist of three to six winners.

The award was originally named for Alice B. Sheldon, who wrote under the pseudonym James Tiptree Jr. Due to controversy over the appropriateness of naming an award after Tiptree, the committee administering the award announced on October 13, 2019, that the award would be renamed the Otherwise Award.
Bansiot
Bansiot (letter: ㅿ; name: 반시옷), sometimes called samgakhyeong (삼각형; lit. triangle), is an archaic consonant letter of the Korean alphabet, Hangul. In Unicode, its name is spelled pansios, following the ISO/TR 11941 romanization system. Its sound value is disputed, but most scholars believe it to have been the voiced alveolar fricative [z] in Middle Korean. It fell out of use around the late 16th century, as its corresponding phoneme disappeared from the language.

ISO/TR 11941
ISO/TR 11941:1996 (Information and documentation — Transliteration of Korean script into Latin characters) is a Korean romanization system used in International Organization for Standardization (ISO). It is mainly used in character names in Unicode and ISO/IEC 10646.

The technical report was withdrawn in December 2013.