hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bonfires on the Heath
Bonfires on the Heath is the fifth studio album by English indie pop group The Clientele. The album was released on 6 October 2009 by Merge Records in the United States and on 16 November 2009 by Pointy Records in the United Kingdom.

A detail from Flora by the 16th century surrealistic painter Giuseppe Arcimboldo is used as the album's cover art.

Merge Records
Merge Records is an independent record label based in Durham, North Carolina. It was founded in 1989 by Laura Ballance and Mac McCaughan. It began as an outlet for music from their band Superchunk and music created by friends, and has expanded to include artists from around the world, with records reaching the top of the Billboard music charts.
River City Rascals
The River City Rascals were a professional baseball team based in O'Fallon, Missouri, in the United States. The Rascals were a member of the West Division of the Frontier League, which is not affiliated with Major League Baseball. From the 1999 season to 2019, the Rascals played their home games at CarShield Field.

Terry Pearson (baseball)
Terry Bobby Gene Pearson (born November 10, 1971) is former Major League Baseball pitcher. Pearson played for the Detroit Tigers in 2002. Prior to his stint with the Tigers, Pearson attended Pickens Academy High School in Carrollton, Alabama and Livingston University, since renamed the University of West Alabama.
Waithira
Waithira, is a 2017 Kenyan-South African biographical documentary film directed by Eva Njoki Munyiri and co-produced by director himself with Stefan Gieren and Jean Meeran for Team Tarbaby. The film deals with director Eva Njoki Munyiri's history and its intersections with forgotten Kenyan history, pop culture and the diaspora.

Waithira received positive reviews and won several awards at international film festivals. It has been screened at festivals such as South Africa's DIFF & Encounters, Luxor African Film Festival, Créteil International Women's Film Festival, etc. In 2018, the film was represented at Munich International Documentary Festival.

Luxor African Film Festival
The Luxor African Film Festival (LAFF) is an annual film festival for African cinema held in Luxor, Egypt. Founded in 2012, the Luxor African Film Festival is run by the Independent Shabab Foundation (ISF). In October 2019 the Malmö Arab Film Festival recognized LAFF for having "made great strides and [become] one of the most important festivals specialized in African cinema".

Writer Sayed Fouad and director Azza al-Husseny were involved as festival's cofounders. First conceived in mid-2010, the first edition took place in February 2012.
Swim ring
A swim ring (also known as a swimming ring, swim tube, rubber ring, water donut, floatie, inner tube, or, in the United States, a lifesaver) is a toroid-shaped (hence the name "ring" or "doughnut") inflatable water toy.

The swim ring was derived from the inner tube, the inflatable inner part of older vehicle tires. The inner tube, when inflated, was used as a water toy, and as a floating object to lounge on.

Toroid
In mathematics, a toroid is a surface of revolution with a hole in the middle. The axis of revolution passes through the hole and so does not intersect the surface. For example, when a rectangle is rotated around an axis parallel to one of its edges, then a hollow rectangle-section ring is produced. If the revolved figure is a circle, then the object is called a torus.

The term toroid is also used to describe a toroidal polyhedron. In this context a toroid need not be circular and may have any number of holes. A g-holed toroid can be seen as approximating the surface of a torus having a topological genus, g, of 1 or greater. The Euler characteristic χ of a g holed toroid is 2(1−g).

The torus is an example of a toroid, which is the surface of a doughnut. Doughnuts are an example of a solid torus created by rotating a disk, and are not toroids.

Toroidal structures occur in both natural and synthetic materials.
My Own Way (album)
My Own Way is the second studio album by British contemporary R&B singer Jay Sean, released 12 May 2008 on Jayded Records and 2Point9 Records. Recording sessions took place from 2006 to 2009. Production was handled by Jay Sean and several other recording producers, including Jared Cotter, JRemy and DJ Swivel, including others. The album peaked at number six on the UK Albums Chart. It produced three singles and the deluxe edition had one more single. Upon its release, My Own Way received mixed reviews from critics.

Jared Cotter
Jared Lincoln Cotter (born June 17, 1981) is an American R&B singer, songwriter, and model. He was a contestant on the sixth season of American Idol, and co-wrote Jay Sean's 2009 single "Down", which peaked at number one on the Billboard Hot 100.

Cotter has written songs for Carl Thomas, Joe, and Jay Sean.
Kshira
Kshira (Sanskrit: क्षीर, romanized: Kṣīra) is a Sanskrit word for milk. Kshira is also the archaic name for sweet rice pudding kheer, popular on the Indian subcontinent. The term kshira is used and perceived differently from commonplace milk, termed dugdha in Sanskrit. Kshira also variably refers to any liquid or watery substance.

In Hindu mythology and cosmogony, the Kshira Sagara (Sanskrit: क्षीरसागर, IAST: Kṣīra Sāgara; Tamil: Tiruppāṟkaṭal; Malayalam: Pālāḻi; Telugu: Pala Samudram) is the abode of the god Vishnu. The Vishnu Purana narrates the Samudra Manthana, or the churning of this ocean, by devas (gods) and asuras (demons) to produce sacred items including the elixir of life known as amrita.

Devanagari transliteration
Devanagari transliteration is the process of representing text written in Devanagari script—an Indic script used for Classical Sanskrit and many other Indic languages—in the Latin script, preserving pronunciation and spelling conventions. There are several methods of transliteration from Devanagari to the Latin script (i.e., romanisation), including the IAST notation. Romanised Devanagari is also called Romanagari.
1999 Eurotel Slovak Indoor – Singles
The 1999 Eurotel Slovak Open singles was the tennis singles event of the first edition of the most prestigious tournament in Slovakia. In a final of two future World No. 1s, Amélie Mauresmo defeated Kim Clijsters in straight sets, 6–3, 6–3.

Renata Kučerová
Renata Kučerová (born 15 July 1979) is a former Czech tennis player.

Kučerová won two singles and five doubles titles on the ITF tour in her career. On 31 January 2000, she reached her best singles ranking of world number 177. On 4 March 2002, she peaked at world number 284 in the doubles rankings.
Lydia, the Swiss Milkmaid
Lydia, the Swiss Milkmaid (a.k.a. Lydia, ou la Laitière Suisse, or as Natalie, oder Das schweizer Milchmädche) is a Demi-Caractère ballet in 2 acts, with choreography by Filippo Taglioni and music by Adalbert Gyrowetz.

First presented as Das schweizer Milchmädche at the Theater am Kärntnertor, Vienna, Austrian Empire on Monday, October 8, 1821.

Adalbert Gyrowetz
Adalbert Gyrowetz (Czech: Vojtěch Matyáš Jírovec; 20 February 1763 – 19 March 1850) was a Czech-Austrian composer. He mainly wrote instrumental works, with a great production of string quartets and symphonies; his operas and singspiele numbered more than 30, including Semiramide (1791), Der Augenarzt (1811), and Robert, oder Die Prüfung (1815).
Lee McCoy
Lee McCoy (born February 5, 1994) is an American professional golfer. He played his college golf at the University of Georgia and currently plays professionally on the Korn Ferry Tour. He previously played on the Mackenzie Tour-PGA Tour Canada.

Korn Ferry Tour
The Korn Ferry Tour is the developmental tour for the U.S.-based PGA Tour, and features professional golfers who have either not yet reached the PGA Tour, or who have done so but then failed to win enough FedEx Cup points to stay at that level. Those who finish in the top 20 of the money list at year's end are given PGA Tour memberships for the next season. Since the 2013 season, the Korn Ferry Tour has been the primary pathway for those seeking to earn their PGA Tour card. Q-School, which had previously been the primary route for qualification to the PGA Tour, has been converted as an entryway to the Korn Ferry Tour.
Amarna letter EA 289
Amarna letter EA 289, titled: "A Reckoning Demanded," is a moderately tall, finely-inscribed clay tablet letter, approximately 6.5 in tall, from Abdi-Heba the mayor/ruler of Jerusalem, of the mid 14th century BC Amarna letters. The scribe of his six letters to Egypt were penned by the "Jerusalem scribe"; EA 289 is a moderately long, and involved letter, mentioning ten named individuals, some more than three times. A total of nine locations are referenced, as well as men of the "Hapiru"-("LÚ-MEŠ-Hapiru-ki"), and men of "Qilyi-ki".

The Amarna letters, about 300, numbered up to EA 382, are a mid 14th century BC, about 1350 BC and 20–25 years later, correspondence. The initial corpus of letters were found at Akhenaten's city Akhetaten, in the floor of the Bureau of Correspondence of Pharaoh; others were later found, adding to the body of letters.

Letter EA 289 (see here-(Obverse): ), is numbered VAT 1645, from the Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin.

Na (cuneiform)
The cuneiform na sign is a common, multi-use sign, a syllabic for na, and an alphabetic sign used for n, or a; it is common in both the Epic of Gilgamesh over hundreds of years, and the 1350 BC Amarna letters. In the Epic of Gilgamesh it also has sumerogramic (capital letter (majuscule)) usage for NA. One such use of NA.GAD in the Epic (also LÚ.NA.GAD, and the plural LÚ.NA.GAD.MEŠ), for Akkadian language "nāqidu", "herdsman". The usage for NA in herdsman is only for 3 spellings.

One reason for its commodity (na is the second-most commonly found cuneiform, exceeded only by a) is due to its usage in the phrase a-na (Akkadian language "ana") -, which had a usage in English akin to: to, for, by, of, and at. It is also a component for the Akkadian language preposition: i-na (ina), meaning: in, into, by, etc..

The na sign usage from the Epic of Gilgamesh is as follows: na-(736 times), NA-(24).
Phyllonorycter deserticola
Phyllonorycter deserticola is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is found in restricted, mostly arid habitats over a broad portion of the south-western United States and northern Mexico from southern Utah to Durango and west to northern California.

The length of the forewings is 2.9-3.8 mm. Adults are on wing from late July to early October in two generations, with the second generation overwintering.

The larvae feed on Populus species, including Populus fremontii, Populus deltoides wislizeni, Populus x parryi (Populus freemontii x Populus trichocarpa). They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Populus
Populus is a genus of 25–30 species of deciduous flowering plants in the family Salicaceae, native to most of the Northern Hemisphere. English names variously applied to different species include poplar (/ˈpɒplər/ ⓘ), aspen, and cottonwood.

The western balsam poplar (P. trichocarpa) was the first tree to have its full DNA code determined by DNA sequencing, in 2006.
1943 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1943.

Burrow
A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to construct a space suitable for habitation or temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion. Burrows provide a form of shelter against predation and exposure to the elements, and can be found in nearly every biome and among various biological interaction types, including symbiosis and competition. Many animal species are known to form burrows. These species range from small amphipods, to very large vertebrate species such as the polar bear. Burrows can be constructed into a wide variety of substrates and can range in complexity from a simple tube a few centimeters long to a complex network of interconnecting tunnels and chambers hundreds or thousands of meters in total length; an example of the latter level of complexity, a well-developed burrow, would be a rabbit warren.
Oleni
Oleni (Greek: Ωλένη) is a village and a former municipality in Elis, West Greece, Greece.

Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Pyrgos, of which it is a municipal unit. The municipal unit has an area of 152.231 km2. The seat of the municipality was in Karatoula.

The municipal unit was named after the ruined medieval town Olena, which also gave its name to the Bishopric of Olena. It consists of a wide valley around Karatoula and Magoula, and the hills west and east of the valley. It is located about 10 km northeast of Pyrgos, 13 km northwest of Olympia and 20 km southeast of Amaliada. The largest community is Goumero. The ancient town Amphidolis was located near present Karatoula.

Elis
Elis, also known as Ellis or Ilia (Greek: Ηλεία, Eleia), is a historic region in the western part of the Peloponnese peninsula of Greece. It is administered as a regional unit of the modern region of Western Greece. Its capital is Pyrgos. Until 2011 it was Elis Prefecture, covering the same territory.

The modern regional unit is nearly coterminous with the ancient Elis of the classical period. Here lie the ancient ruins of cities of Elis, Epitalion and Olympia, known for the ancient Olympic Games which started in 776 BC.
Dilawar Singh Babbar
Dilawar Singh Babbar, now known as Dilavar Singh Jaisinghvala (18 August 1970 – 31 August 1995) was the assassin of Beant Singh, the chief minister of Punjab, India. He was a serving Punjab Police officer and became a suicide bomber to assassinate the Chief Minister of Punjab. He assassinated Beant Singh by blowing up his bullet-proof car at 5 p.m. on 31 August 1995 in the city of Chandigarh.

Punjab Police (India)
The Punjab Police (PP) is the police agency responsible for law enforcement and investigations within the state of Punjab, India. The Punjab Police has a broad array of specialised services, including the prevention and detection of crime, maintenance of law and order and the enforcement of the Constitution of India.
Its headquarters are located at Jan Marg, Chandigarh. On 7 September 2011, Punjab Police started a video conferencing service to redress problems of NRIs. The present DGP of the Punjab Police is Gaurav Yadav. He is an Indian Police Service (IPS) officer of the 1992 batch.
Odd Grønmo
Odd Henning Grønmo (born 15 March 1922 - 29 April 2012) was a Norwegian politician for the Christian Democratic Party.

He was born in Brønnøy Municipality, but spent his professional career at Bodø Teacher's College from 1951 to 1989. He was a member of the municipal council of Bodin Municipality from 1956 to 1963, serving as deputy mayor from 1956 to 1959 and mayor from 1960 to 1963. From 1960 to 1983 he was a member of Nordland county council, serving as county mayor from 1976 to 1983.

He was also a supervisory council member of the Bank of Norway for twelve years. He resided in Bodø.

Norges Bank
Norges Bank (Bokmål: Norges Bank, Nynorsk: Noregs Bank, lit. 'Bank of Norway') is the central bank of Norway. It is responsible for managing the Government Pension Fund of Norway, which is the world's largest sovereign wealth fund, as well as the bank's own foreign exchange reserves.
Shahmahmood Miakhel
Shahmahmood Miakhel (also spelled Shah Mahmood Miakhel; *01.05.1958 in Kunar, Afghanistan) (Pashto: شاه محمود میاخېل) is an Afghan politician.

He was appointed Afghanistan's ambassador to Qatar before the Taliban overthrew the government. During the Islamic Republic Government, he was considered one of the most influential politicians.

Ministry of Defense (Afghanistan)
The Ministry of Defense is the cabinet ministry of Afghanistan responsible for overseeing the Afghan Armed Forces (currently referred to as the Islamic Emirate Armed Forces). The ministry is located in Kabul.
The Big Sea
The Big Sea (1940) is an autobiographical work by Langston Hughes. In it, he tells his experience of being a writer of color in Paris, France, and his experiences living in New York, where he faced injustices surrounding systemic racism. In his time in Paris, Hughes struggled to find a stable income and had to learn to be efficient by taking many odd jobs like working in nightclubs and small writing jobs. Eventually, he began to rise to fame as a writer, Hughes began referencing his past struggles regarding abuse from his father where he was divided between the trauma his father endured versus the damage it did to Hughes. Hughes's autobiography exemplifies the obstacles that many African-American artists faced during the early twentieth century in the United States.

Lincoln University (Pennsylvania)
Lincoln University (LU) is a public state-related historically black university (HBCU) in Lower Oxford Township, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded as the private Ashmun Institute in 1854, it has been a public institution since 1972. Lincoln is also recognized as the first college-degree-granting HBCU in the country. Its main campus is located on 422 acres (170.8 ha) in southern Chester County, Pennsylvania. The university has a second location in University City, Philadelphia. Lincoln University provides undergraduate and graduate coursework to approximately 2,000 students. It is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund.

While a majority of its students are African Americans, the university has a long history of accepting students of other races and nationalities. Women have received degrees since 1953, and made up 66% of undergraduate enrollment in 2019.
Kim Hak-man
Kim Hak-Man (born 26 March 1976 in South Chungcheong Province) is a South Korean rifle shooter. He competed in the 50 m rifle prone event at the 2012 Summer Olympics, where he placed 15th.  He finished in 28th place in the same event at the 2008 Summer Olympics.

Shooting at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 50 metre rifle prone
The Men's 50 metre rifle prone event at the 2012 Olympic Games took place on 3 August 2012 at the Royal Artillery Barracks.

The event consisted of two rounds: a qualifier and a final. In the qualifier, each shooter fired 60 shots with a .22 Long Rifle at 50 metres distance from the prone position. Scores for each shot were in increments of 1, with a maximum score of 10.

The top 8 shooters in the qualifying round moved on to the final round. There, they fired an additional 10 shots. These shots were scored in increments of .1, with a maximum score of 10.9. The total score from all 70 shots were used to determine final ranking.
Château de Montjoie (Les Contamines-Montjoie)
The Château de Montjoie (castrum Montis Gaudii), also known as the Château de Béatrice, was a 12th-century fortress located in the Faucigny region. It stood in the center of the present-day commune of Les Contamines-Montjoie in the Haute-Savoie department of the Auvergne–Rhône-Alpes region. Between the 13th and 15th centuries, it served as the administrative center of a châtellenie.

Haute-Savoie
Haute-Savoie (French pronunciation: [ot savwa] ⓘ; Arpitan: Savouè d'Amont; Italian: Alta Savoia) is a department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of Southeastern France, bordering both Switzerland and Italy. Its prefecture is Annecy. To the north is Lake Geneva; to the south and southeast are Mont Blanc and the Aravis mountain range.

It holds its name from the Savoy historical region, as does the department of Savoie, located south of Haute-Savoie. In 2019, it had a population of 826,094. Its subprefectures are Bonneville, Saint-Julien-en-Genevois and Thonon-les-Bains. The French entrance to the Mont Blanc Tunnel into Italy is in Haute-Savoie. It is noted for winter sports; the first Winter Olympic Games were held at Chamonix in 1924.
Tropomyosin receptor kinase A
Tropomyosin receptor kinase A (TrkA), also known as high affinity nerve growth factor receptor, neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor type 1, or TRK1-transforming tyrosine kinase protein, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NTRK1 gene.

This gene encodes a member of the neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor (NTKR) family. This kinase is a membrane-bound receptor that, upon neurotrophin binding, phosphorylates itself (autophosphorylation) and members of the MAPK pathway. The presence of this kinase leads to cell differentiation and may play a role in specifying sensory neuron subtypes. Mutations in this gene have been associated with congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis, self-mutilating behaviors, intellectual disability and/or cognitive impairment and certain cancers. Alternate transcriptional splice variants of this gene have been found, but only three have been characterized to date.

Autophosphorylation
Autophosphorylation is a type of post-translational modification of proteins. It is generally defined as the phosphorylation of the kinase by itself. In eukaryotes, this process occurs by the addition of a phosphate group to serine, threonine or tyrosine residues within protein kinases, normally to regulate the catalytic activity. 
Autophosphorylation may occur when a kinases' own active site catalyzes the phosphorylation reaction (cis autophosphorylation), or when another kinase of the same type provides the active site that carries out the chemistry (trans autophosphorylation). The latter often occurs when kinase molecules dimerize. In general, the phosphate groups introduced are gamma phosphates from nucleoside triphosphates, most commonly ATP.
Viktor Belenko
Viktor Ivanovich Belenko (Russian: Виктор Иванович Беленко; February 15, 1947 – September 24, 2023) was a Soviet-born American aerospace engineer and pilot who defected in 1976 to the West while flying his MiG-25 "Foxbat" jet interceptor and landed in Hakodate, Japan. George H. W. Bush, the Director of Central Intelligence at the time, called the opportunity to examine the plane up close an "intelligence bonanza" for the West. Belenko later became a U.S. aerospace engineer.

Director of Central Intelligence
The director of central intelligence (DCI) was the head of the United States Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) from 1946 to 2004, acting as the principal intelligence advisor to the president of the United States and the United States National Security Council, as well as the coordinator of intelligence activities among and between the various United States intelligence agencies (collectively known as the United States Intelligence Community from 1981 onwards).

The office existed from January 1946 to December 17, 2004. After the Intelligence Reform and Terrorism Prevention Act it was replaced by the director of national intelligence (DNI) as head of the Intelligence Community and the director of the Central Intelligence Agency (D/CIA) as head of the CIA.
Axyris amaranthoides
Axyris amaranthoides, commonly known as Russian pigweed and upright axyris, is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaranthaceae, that has been introduced to North America. It was introduced into Manitoba in 1886 and has since spread to other provinces in Canada and the United States.

Amaranthaceae
Amaranthaceae (/ˌæmərænˈθeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ AM-ər-an-THAY-see-ee, -⁠eye) is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus Amaranthus. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it the most species-rich lineage within its parent order, Caryophyllales.