hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arthur DesRosiers
For the Canadian doctor and mayor, see Arthur Desrosiers.

Arthur DesRosiers (July 7, 1890 - March 21, 1966) was an American architect who designed many Roman Catholic churches in Michigan, including St. Hugo of the Hills Catholic Church in Bloomfield Hills, St. Mary Queen of Creation Catholic Church in New Baltimore, St. John Catholic Church in Benton Harbor, St Denis Catholic Church in Lexington, and St. Adolphus Catholic Church, St Raymond's Catholic Church, St Lawrence Parish of Utica, and St Jude Catholic Church in Detroit. He also designed Saint Mary's School in Chelsea, Michigan, listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 2010.

Bloomfield Hills, Michigan
Bloomfield Hills is a city in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. A northern suburb of Detroit on the Woodward Corridor, Bloomfield Hills is located roughly twenty miles (32 km) northwest of downtown Detroit, and is surrounded on most sides by Bloomfield Township. As of the 2020 United States census, the city had a population of 4,470.
Villaz-Saint-Pierre
Villaz-Saint-Pierre (Arpitan: Vela-Sent-Piérro [ˈvəla ʃɛ̃ ˈpjeʁo] ⓘ) is a former municipality in the district of Glâne in the canton of Fribourg in Switzerland. On 1 January 2020 the former municipalities La Folliaz and Villaz-Saint-Pierre merged to form the new municipality of Villaz.

Canton of Fribourg
The canton of Fribourg, also canton of Freiburg, is located in western Switzerland. The canton is bilingual, with French spoken by more than two thirds of the citizens and German by a little more than a quarter. Both are official languages in the canton. The canton takes its name from its capital city of Fribourg.
Khirbat Zawiya
Al-Zawiya (Arabic: الزاوية), was a Palestinian Arab village in the District of Baysan. It was depopulated by the Israel Defense Forces during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War on May 15–18, 1948 under Operation Gideon. It was located 11.5 km northeast of Baysan. The Crusader Castle Belvoir is located close to the village.

Belvoir Castle (Israel)
Belvoir Castle, also called Coquet by the Crusaders, also Kochav HaYarden (Hebrew: כוכב הירדן, lit. 'Star of the Jordan') and Kawkab al-Hawa (Arabic: كوكب الهوا, lit. 'Star of the Wind'), is a Crusader castle in northern Israel, on a hill on the eastern edge of the Issachar Plateau, on the edge of Lower Galilee 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of the Sea of Galilee. Gilbert of Assailly, Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller, began construction of the castle in 1168. The castle ruin is located in Belvoir National Park, officially Kochav HaYarden National Park. It is the best-preserved Crusader castle in Israel.
Gerhard Lauter
Gerhard Lauter was a former senior officer of the East German People's Police.

On 1 January 1989 Lauter started a new job, joining the Interior Ministry ("Home Office" / "Department of the Interior") as deputy head of the department responsible for the registration of citizens and for the issuance of passports and identity cards.   The transfer to the ministry  had come as a surprise, and the transfer away from the detective work, at which he evidently excelled, was unwelcome, but it would have been unusual (and unwise) to turn down a government job offer.   Rapid promotion within the department ensued.  In November of that year he played a central role in the events that led to the ending of the East German one-party dictatorship: one headline writer identified him in 2015 as "the "ghost-writer" [for the] Fall of the Berlin Wall".

Embassy of Germany, Prague
The Embassy of Germany (Czech: Německé velvyslanectví, German: Deutsche Botschaft Prag) is the diplomatic mission of Germany to the Czech Republic. It is located on Vlašská street (formerly Wälsche Spitalgasse), in the Malá Strana district of Prague, Czech Republic.

Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between West Germany and Czechoslovakia in 1973, it has occupied the large Palais Lobkowicz. The Baroque palace with an extensive garden was finished in 1707. It was acquired by the noble House of Lobkowicz in 1753, who in 1927 sold it to the Czechoslovak state.
Rhys Parry Jones
Rhys Parry Jones is a Welsh actor best known for his role as Llew Matthews in Pobol y Cwm, in the S4C children's series Plismon Puw and as Rhacsyn from the children's series Rhacsyn a’r Goeden Hud. Jones has also featured in episodes of EastEnders, Tracy Beaker and the BBC Wales sitcom High Hopes as well as providing the voices of Patrick Star and Mr. Krabs in S4C's Welsh dubbing of SpongeBob SquarePants.

In late 2007, he appeared in Flick, a Welsh horror film co-starring Faye Dunaway, Hugh O'Conor and Michelle Ryan.

Based in Cardiff, Jones appears in the films Arwyr and Patagonia by Marc Evans, the latter set in Y Wladfa, which premiered at the Seattle International Film Festival on 10 June 2010.

In 2018, he portrayed John Le Mesurier in Amazon's A Very English Scandal. In 2019, he appeared in the Netflix series The Crown, in the season 3 episode "Aberfan".

High Hopes (British TV series)
High Hopes is a sitcom created by Boyd Clack, written by Clack and Kirsten Jones. Produced and directed by Gareth Gwenlan for BBC Wales, High Hopes is set in a fictional area of the South Wales Valleys called Cwm-Pen-Ôl (which is Welsh for 'Backside Valley').

It stars Margaret John as widow Elsie Hepplewhite, Robert Blythe as her son Richard Hepplewhite, Steven Meo as Hoffman and Oliver Wood (formerly Ben Evans) as Charlie. 
It revolves around Elsie's son Richard (known as Fagin) and his dodgy business ventures, assisted by the two boys, who attempted to rob the Hepplewhites' house in the first episode.
Lyddan Island
74°25′S 20°45′W﻿ / ﻿74.417°S 20.750°W﻿ / -74.417; -20.750
Lyddan Island is an ice-covered island located at the southwestern extremity of the Riiser-Larsen Ice Shelf, separating it from the Brunt Ice Shelf, about 20 nautical miles (37 km) off the Princess Martha Coast of Antarctica. It is about 45 nautical miles (80 km) long and has three narrow arms in the form of a trefoil. It was discovered and plotted by W.R. MacDonald on November 5, 1967, in the course of a U.S. Navy Squadron VXE-6 reconnaissance flight over the coast in LC-130 aircraft, and was named by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names for Robert H. Lyddan, Chief Topographic Engineer of the United States Geological Survey, who had been active in the planning and supervision of Antarctic mapping operations since the 1950s.

Though originally recorded as an island, later research has shown that the ground surface under the ice is below sea level, indicating that "ice rise" might be a more accurate naming.

Lockheed LC-130
The Lockheed LC-130 is a ski-equipped United States Air Force variant of the C-130 Hercules used in the Arctic and Antarctic. Ten are currently in service with the 109th Airlift Wing of the New York Air National Guard.
Holly Cram
Holly Cram (born 30 April 1984) is a Scottish field hockey forward. She won 140 caps playing for the Women's National Team.

Cram was born in Glasgow and went to school at Glasgow Academy. She studied at the University of Edinburgh, graduating with an honours degree in literature. She then completed a Postgraduate Diploma in Physical Education at the University of Strathclyde.

She reached the 100 cap mark by August 2011. She played club hockey for Glasgow Western.

Cram is a Game On Scotland ambassador for Glasgow 2014.

She works as a hockey coach at Dollar Academy in Clackmannanshire.

Dollar Academy
Dollar Academy is a 5–18 private co-educational day and boarding school in Scotland. The open campus occupies a 70-acre (28-hectare) site in the centre of Dollar, Clackmannanshire, at the foot of the Ochil Hills. The school was founded in 1818 by Captain John McNab, and Scottish architect William Henry Playfair was responsible for the design of the school building.
Rise to Power (Rick Ross album)
Rise to Power is the first compilation album by American rapper Rick Ross. The album was released on September 18, 2007.

The album is not intended as a follow-up to Port of Miami, but a collection of unreleased material that Ross recorded while at Suave House Records before signing to Slip-n-Slide/Def Jam.

Def Jam Recordings
Def Jam Recordings (also simply known as Def Jam) is an American multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It is based in Manhattan, New York City, specializing predominantly in hip-hop, contemporary R&B, soul and pop.

The label has a London-based, UK arm known as 0207 Def Jam (formerly Def Jam UK in the 1990s until the mid-2000s) and is currently operated through EMI Records. It has a Johannesburg, South Africa and Lagos, Nigeria-based arm known as Def Jam Africa.
The Booksellers
The Booksellers is a 2019 American documentary film that was directed, edited, and produced by D. W. Young. It was executive produced by Parker Posey, who also provides narration in the film. The film explores the world of antiquarian and rare book dealers and their bookstores. It focuses primarily on booksellers in New York City, including Jim Cummins, the founder of James Cummins Bookseller; Adina Cohen, Naomi Hample and Judith Lowry, the three sisters of the Argosy Book Store; Stephen Massey, founder of Christie’s NY Book Department; and Nancy Bass Wyden, owner of the Strand Bookstore. Other prominent people featured in the film include Fran Lebowitz, Gay Talese, Justin Croft, Zack Hample, Tom Lecky, Susan Orlean, William S. Reese, Rebecca Romney, A. S. W. Rosenbach, Jay S. Walker, and Kevin Young.

Kevin Young (poet)
Kevin Young  (born November 8, 1970) is an American poet and the former director of the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of African American History and Culture. Author of 11 books and editor of eight others, Young previously served as Director of the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture at the New York Public Library. A winner of a Guggenheim Fellowship as well as a finalist for the National Book Award for his 2003 collection Jelly Roll: A Blues, Young was Atticus Haygood Professor of English and Creative Writing at Emory University and curator of Emory's Raymond Danowski Poetry Library. In March 2017, Young was named poetry editor of The New Yorker.
Skateball
Skateball is a video game developed by Ubi Soft. It features a violent futuristic sports game part ice skating, part soccer. It was released in 1989 for the Amstrad CPC and GX4000, Atari ST, Commodore 64 and ZX Spectrum.

In 1990, Ubi Soft re-issued the game with a new title: Skate Wars. This title was also used by Ocean Software for the 1992 budget release on their Hit Squad label.

Ubisoft
Ubisoft Entertainment SA (/ˈjuːbisɒft/; French: [ybisɔft]; formerly Ubi Soft Entertainment SA) is a French video game publisher headquartered in Saint-Mandé with development studios across the world. Its video game franchises include Anno, Assassin's Creed, Driver, Far Cry, Just Dance, Prince of Persia, Rabbids, Rayman, Tom Clancy's, and Watch Dogs.

Ubisoft is led by chairman and CEO Yves Guillemot. The company first achieved commercial and critical success with their 1995 platform game Rayman. In 1996, the company began to expand to other parts of the world, opening studios in Shanghai, Montreal and Milan. In recent years, Ubisoft has struggled financially, reporting a strong decline in revenue in 2024 and laying off 700 employees in 2025.
Bearded guan
The bearded guan (Penelope barbata) is a species of bird in the family Cracidae, the chachalacas, guans, and curassows. It is found in Ecuador and Peru. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical moist montane forest. It is threatened by habitat loss.

Curassow
Curassows are one of the three major groups of cracid birds. They are the largest-bodied species of the cracid family. Three of the four genera are restricted to tropical South America; a single species of Crax ranges north to Mexico. They form a distinct clade which is usually classified as the subfamily Cracinae.
Karl Johan Åström
Karl Johan Åström (born August 5, 1934) is a Swedish control theorist, who has made contributions to the fields of control theory and control engineering, computer control and adaptive control. In 1965, he described a general framework of Markov decision processes with incomplete information, what ultimately led to the notion of a Partially observable Markov decision process.

In 1995, Åström was elected as a member into the National Academy of Engineering for contributions to identification, stochastic, and adaptive control and their incorporation in control engineering practice.

Adaptive control
Adaptive control is the control method used by a controller which must adapt to a controlled system with parameters which vary, or are initially uncertain. For example, as an aircraft flies, its mass will slowly decrease as a result of fuel consumption; a control law is needed that adapts itself to such changing conditions. Adaptive control is different from robust control in that it does not need a priori information about the bounds on these uncertain or time-varying parameters; robust control guarantees that if the changes are within given bounds the control law need not be changed, while adaptive control is concerned with control law changing itself.
Førde IL
Førde Idrettslag is a Norwegian sports club based in the town of Førde in Sunnfjord Municipality. It has sections for alpine skiing, association football, athletics, biathlon, cross-country skiing, floorball, gymnastics, handball, orienteering, powerlifting, ski jumping, swimming and weightlifting. The club was founded by Nikolai Schei on 4 January 1920.

Orienteering
Orienteering is a group of sports in which participants use a map and compass to navigate from point to point in unfamiliar terrain as quickly as possible.

The sport originated from military land-navigation training in the late 19th century. It has since evolved into several competitive forms where participants race against the clock and other competitors while navigating through checkpoints. Variants include automobile, underwater, mountain bike, ski, and trail orienteering. The most common form is foot orienteering, also known as FootO.

In formal foot-orienteering competitions, participants are given a specially prepared orienteering map, usually topographical, which they use to locate control points.

Orienteering is part of the World Games and the World Police and Fire Games.
Damien Tixier
Damien Florian Gérald Tixier (French pronunciation: [damjɛ̃ flɔʁjɑ̃ ʒeʁald tiksje]; born 23 June 1980) is a French football defender who last played for FC Nantes in Ligue 2. He formerly played for Swiss Super League club Neuchâtel Xamax until his contract was terminated on 28 March 2010 due to an excessive number of red cards. He joined FC Nantes in Ligue 2 on 10 July 2010.

Neuchâtel Xamax FCS
Neuchâtel Xamax Football Club Serrières (pronounced [nøʃɑtɛl ksamaks]) is a Swiss football club based in Neuchâtel. It was created in 1970 through a merger between FC Cantonal, founded in 1906 and Swiss champions of 1916, and FC Xamax founded in 1912. The name Xamax comes from legendary Swiss international player 'Xam' Max Abegglen, one of the founding members. Xamax Neuchâtel FCS obtained its current name after a merger with FC Serrières, another side from Neuchâtel, in May 2013.
Matthew Zapruder
Matthew Zapruder (1967) is an American poet, editor, translator, and professor.

His second poetry collection, The Pajamaist, won the 2007 William Carlos Williams Award from the Poetry Society of America, and was chosen by Library Journal as one of the top ten poetry volumes of 2006. His first book, American Linden, won the Tupelo Press Editors' Prize. His most recent book of poetry, Sun Bear, brings the strangeness of poetry closer to everyday life.

Wave Books
Wave Books (established 2005) is an American independent press focusing on the publication of poetry, with a focus on innovative, contemporary poetry and poetry in translation. Books published by Wave have been finalists for and winners of the Pulitzer Prize for Literature,
 the Griffin Poetry Prize, and the National Book Award for Poetry. Writers published by Wave Books include CAConrad, Don Mee Choi, Timothy Donnelly, Kate Durbin, Renee Gladman, Terrance Hayes, Tyehimba Jess, Douglas Kearney, Dorothea Lasky, Ben Lerner, Chelsey Minnis, Eileen Myles, Maggie Nelson, Hoa Nguyen, Mary Ruefle, Rachel Zucker, and others.
Patroclus Hill
Patroclus Hill (64°28′S 63°37′W﻿ / ﻿64.467°S 63.617°W﻿ / -64.467; -63.617) is a rounded, snow-covered hill, 760 m, separated by a low col from the northwest side of Mount Achilles in the Achaean Range of Anvers Island, in the Palmer Archipelago. Surveyed by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) in 1955 and named by the United Kingdom Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) for Patroclus, the squire and close friend of Achilles in Homer's Iliad.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Patroclus Hill". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Palmer Archipelago
Palmer Archipelago, also known as Antarctic Archipelago, Archipiélago Palmer, Antarktiske Arkipel or Palmer Inseln, is a group of islands off the northwestern coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. It extends from Tower Island in the north to Anvers Island in the south. It is separated by the Gerlache and Bismarck straits from the Antarctic Peninsula and Wilhelm Archipelago, respectively. The archipelago is in the British, Chilean, and Argentine Claims.

Palmer Archipelago is located at 64°15′S 62°50′W﻿ / ﻿64.250°S 62.833°W﻿ / -64.250; -62.833.
Miguel Escobar (Colombian footballer)
Miguel Antonio Escobar Montalvo (18 April 1945 – 11 April 2023) was a Colombian footballer who played as a defender. He made 15 appearances for the Colombia national team from 1975 to 1979. He was also part of Colombia's squad for the 1975 Copa América tournament.

1975 Copa América
The 1975 edition of the Copa América football tournament was played between 17 July and 28 October. The tournament saw many significant shifts to its format, such as changing its name from South American Championship to Copa América and altering from a round-robin tournament to incorporating a group stage, a knockout round, and a final. Additionally all ten CONMEBOL countries participated for the first time, with defending champions Uruguay receiving a bye into the semi-finals and the rest starting in the group stage. For this tournament there was also no fixed venue, and all matches were played throughout the year in each country.
Smooth-coated otter
The smooth-coated otter (Lutrogale perspicillata) is a freshwater otter species from regions of South and Southwest Asia, with the majority of its numbers found in Southeast Asia. It has been ranked as "vulnerable" on the IUCN Red List since 1996, as it is threatened by habitat loss, pollution of wetlands and poaching for the illegal wildlife trade. As the common name indicates, its fur is relatively smooth, and somewhat shorter in length than that of other otter species.

CITES
CITES (shorter acronym for the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, also known as the Washington Convention) is a multilateral treaty to protect endangered plants and animals from the threats of international trade. It was drafted as a result of a resolution adopted in 1963 at a meeting of members of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). The convention was opened for signature in 1973 and CITES entered into force on 1 July 1975.

Its aim is to ensure that international trade (import/export) in specimens of animals and plants included under CITES does not threaten the survival of the species in the wild. This is achieved via a system of permits and certificates. CITES affords varying degrees of protection to more than 40,900 species.

As of December 2024, the Secretary-General of CITES is Ivonne Higuero.
MacPaint
MacPaint is a raster graphics editor developed by Apple Computer and released alongside the original Macintosh personal computer on January 24, 1984. It was sold bundled with its word processing counterpart, MacWrite, for US$195. MacPaint was notable because it could generate graphics that could be used by other applications. It taught consumers what a graphics-based system could do by using the mouse, the clipboard, and QuickDraw picture language. Pictures could be cut from MacPaint and pasted into MacWrite documents.

The original MacPaint was developed by Bill Atkinson, a member of Apple's original Macintosh development team. Early development versions of MacPaint were called MacSketch, still retaining part of the name of its roots, LisaSketch. It was later developed by Claris, the software subsidiary of Apple which was formed in 1987. The last version of MacPaint was version 2.0, released in 1988. It was discontinued by Claris in 1998 because of diminishing sales.

Word processor
A word processor (WP) is a device or computer program that provides for input, editing, formatting, and output of text, often with some additional features.

Early word processors were stand-alone devices dedicated to the function, but current word processors are primarily word processor programs running on general purpose computers, including smartphones, tablets, laptops, and desktop computers, with dedicated hardware word processors being confined to a small niche market.

The functions of a word processor program are typically between those of a simple text editor and a desktop publishing program. Many word processing programs have gained advanced features over time providing similar functionality to desktop publishing programs.

Common word processor programs include LibreOffice Writer, Google Docs and Microsoft Word.
Cheryl Wilson
Cheryl Wilson is a session singer who has had multiple No. 1 dance songs on the UK Billboard chart and has performed with many notable artists including Celine Dion, R. Kelly, Alice Peacock, Mavis Staples, The Smashing Pumpkins, Bertie Higgins, Michael Bolton, Bill Withers, Peabo Bryson, David Foster, Josh Grobin, Enrique Iglesias, Nick Carter, KMFDM, Cameo, Rod Stewart, Ray Charles, Natalie Cole, Mel Torme, Spike Lee, Tony Bennett, Peter Cetera, and Martha Wash. She has also sung in commercials for companies such as McDonald's and is a member of the Jazz & Contemporary Studies Faculty at Roosevelt University in Chicago.  She contributes vocals to Jim Warner's Chicago musical project, Akalibrio. Her performance on the KMFDM song "Power" was described as "soul-mama vamping". She toured with Jim Gailloreto's Jazz String Quintent in 2016 to perform his modern jazz work, The Pythiad.

Nick Carter
Nickolas Gene Carter (born January 28, 1980) is an American singer and a lead vocalist of the vocal group Backstreet Boys. As of 2025, he has released four solo albums, Now or Never (2002), I'm Taking Off (2011), All American (2015) and Love Life Tragedy (2025), all during breaks between Backstreet Boys schedules, and a collaboration with Jordan Knight titled Nick & Knight. He has made occasional television appearances and starred in his own reality shows, House of Carters and I (Heart) Nick Carter.
Edward Said bibliography
Edward Said (1 November 1935 – 25 September 2003) was an American literary theorist, cultural critic, and political activist of Palestinian descent. He was University Professor of English and Comparative Literature at Columbia University, and edited several academic books. A founding figure in postcolonialism, he wrote dozens of books, lectures, and essays. Anthologies of his essays have been published, and several of his interviews and conversations have also been edited into book form.

Postcolonialism
Postcolonialism is the academic study of the cultural, political and economic consequences of colonialism and imperialism, focusing on the impact of human control and exploitation of colonized people and their lands. The field started to emerge in the 1960s, as scholars from previously colonized countries began publishing on the lingering effects of colonialism, developing an analysis of the history, culture, literature, and discourse of imperial power. It is part of the critical theory framework in broader sense, and more narrowly, critical race theory.