hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Zakharov system
In mathematics, the Zakharov system is a system of non-linear partial differential equations, introduced by Vladimir Zakharov in 1972 to describe the propagation of Langmuir waves in an ionized plasma. The system consists of a complex field u and a real field n satisfying the equations

where  is the d'Alembert operator.

D'Alembert operator
In special relativity, electromagnetism and wave theory, the d'Alembert operator (denoted by a box: ), also called the d'Alembertian, wave operator, box operator or sometimes quabla operator (cf. nabla symbol) is the Laplace operator of Minkowski space. The operator is named after French mathematician and physicist Jean le Rond d'Alembert.

In Minkowski space, in standard coordinates (t, x, y, z), it has the form

Here   is the 3-dimensional Laplacian and ημν  is the inverse Minkowski metric with

, ,  for .

Note that the μ and ν summation indices range from 0 to 3: see Einstein notation.

(Some authors  alternatively use the negative metric signature of (− + + +), with .)

Lorentz transformations leave the Minkowski metric invariant, so the d'Alembertian yields a Lorentz scalar. The above coordinate expressions remain valid for the standard coordinates in every inertial frame.
2005–06 Hong Kong Senior Shield
The Hong Kong Senior Shield 2005–06 was the 104th staging of the Hong Kong's oldest football knockout competition.

The competition started on 4 March 2006 with 8 Hong Kong First Division League clubs and concluded on 18 March 2006 with the final.

Kitchee captured their 5th title of the competition after beating Happy Valley by 3-0 in the final.

Ivan Jević
Ivan Jević (Serbian Cyrillic: Иван Јевић; born 23 July 1975) is a Serbian professional football coach and a former player who played as a defender. He is an assistant coach with the Kazakhstani club Tobol.
Tournoi international de l'Exposition Universelle de Paris
The Tournoi international de l'Exposition Universelle de Paris (the international tournament of the Paris exhibition) was an international club football tournament which took place from May to June 1937. It was arranged to coincide with the international exhibition being held in France that year. Eight clubs from around Europe were invited to participate. The tournament was won by Italian champions Bologna, who beat English side Chelsea 4–1 in the final. Bologna's victory marked the first time that an Italian team won an international tournament against an English team.

Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine
Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t‿wɛ̃ syʁ sɛn] ⓘ; literally "St. Audoin on Seine") is a commune in the northern suburbs of Paris, France, located 6.6 kilometres (4.1 miles) from the centre of Paris. It is part of the Seine-Saint-Denis department, in the Île-de-France region, and of the Métropole du Grand Paris. The commune was called Saint-Ouen until 2018, when it obtained a change of name by ministerial order.

The communes neighbouring Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine are Paris, to the south, Clichy, to the west, Villeneuve-la-Garenne, Gennevilliers and L'Île-Saint-Denis, to the north, and Saint-Denis to the east. The commune of Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine is part of the canton of Saint-Ouen-sur-Seine, which also includes L'Île-Saint-Denis and part of Épinay-sur-Seine. Saint-Ouen also includes the Cimetière de Saint-Ouen.
Kasama, Ibaraki
Kasama (笠間市, Kasama-shi) is a city located in Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan. Kasama is the home of Kasama ware and known for 
Japanese chestnuts. As of 1 July 2020, the city had an estimated population of 73,805 in 29,362 households and a population density of 307 persons per km². The percentage of the population aged over 65 was 32.2%. The total area of the city is 240.400 square kilometres (92.819 sq mi).

Castanea crenata
Castanea crenata, the Japanese chestnut or Korean chestnut, is a species of chestnut native to Japan and Korea. Castanea crenata exhibits resistance to Phytophthora cinnamomi, the fungal pathogen that causes ink disease in several Castanea species. The mechanism of resistance of Castanea crenata to Phytophthora cinnamomi may derive from its expression of the Cast_Gnk2-like gene.
Petr Pokorný (theologian)
Petr Pokorný (April 21, 1933 – January 18, 2020) was a Protestant theologian, professor at Charles University in Prague, and pastor of the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren, one of the leading biblical scholars in the Czech Republic.

For many years, Petr Pokorný led the Department of New Testament Studies at the Protestant Theological Faculty of the Prague University, in 1996–1999 he was the dean of the faculty, later (1998–2010) he was also the director of the Centre for Biblical Studies of the Czech Academy of Sciences and Charles University.

Biblical studies
Biblical studies is the academic application of a set of diverse disciplines to the study of the Bible, with Bible referring to the books of the canonical Hebrew Bible in mainstream Jewish usage and the Christian Bible including the canonical Old Testament and New Testament, respectively. For its theory and methods, the field draws on disciplines ranging from ancient history, historical criticism, philology, theology, textual criticism, literary criticism, historical backgrounds, mythology, and comparative religion.
Chantal Réga
Chantal Réga (born August 7, 1955, in Nîmes) is a retired track and field sprinter and hurdler from France, best known for winning the bronze medal in the women's 400 m hurdles at the 1982 European Championships. A two-time Olympian (1976 and 1980) she won a total number of fifteen national titles during the 1970s and early 1980s.

1982 European Athletics Championships
The 13th European Athletics Championships were held from 6 September to 12 September 1982 at the Olympic Stadium in Athens, Greece.  Contemporaneous reports on the event were given in the Glasgow Herald.
Mukuzani
Mukuzani (Georgian: მუკუზანი muk’uzani) is a dry red Georgian wine made from Saperavi grapes in Mukuzani, Kakheti.  Mukuzani is distinct from the other wines made from the same grapes in that it is aged in oak casks for a longer time – at least three years.

Mukuzani has a deep red color with a soft smoky scent of oak and berry. The taste begins dry but the oak and fruit flavors quickly come through. As a result of its longer aging, Mukuzani has more complexity than the other wines made from Saperavi grapes. It goes particularly well with steaks and dark meats.

The matured wine contains 10.5–12.5% alcohol and has 6.0–7.0% titrated acidity.  It has been produced since 1888.

Mukuzani is considered by many to be the best of the Georgian red wines made from Saperavi. It has won 9 gold medals, 2 silver medals and 3 bronze medals in international competitions.

Acid–base titration
An acid–base titration is a method of quantitative analysis for determining the concentration of Brønsted-Lowry acid or base (titrate) by neutralizing it using a solution of known concentration (titrant). A pH indicator is used to monitor the progress of the acid–base reaction and a titration curve can be constructed.

This differs from other modern modes of titrations, such as oxidation-reduction titrations, precipitation titrations, & complexometric titrations. Although these types of titrations are also used to determine unknown amounts of substances, these substances vary from ions to metals.

Acid–base titration finds extensive applications in various scientific fields, such as pharmaceuticals, environmental monitoring, and quality control in industries. This method's precision and simplicity makes it an important tool in quantitative chemical analysis, contributing significantly to the general understanding of solution chemistry.
Chanreet Bassi
Chanreet Bassi (born November 27, 2001) is a Canadian professional ice hockey forward playing for Linköping HC of the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL). She played five seasons of U Sports hockey with the UBC Thunderbirds, graduating as a four-time Canada West All-Star and tying the program record for regular-season points. Bassi was selected by Vancouver in the sixth round, 48th overall, of the 2025 PWHL Draft, becoming the first UBC player—and the first South Asian player—ever drafted into the PWHL.

U Sports
U Sports (stylized as U SPORTS) is the national sport governing body for universities in Canada, comprising the majority of degree-granting universities in the country and four regional conferences: Ontario University Athletics (OUA), Réseau du sport étudiant du Québec (RSEQ), Canada West (CW), and Atlantic University Sport (AUS). The equivalent body for organized sports at colleges in Canada is the Canadian Collegiate Athletic Association (CCAA). Some institutions are members of both bodies for different sports.
11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
The 11th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party was in a five-year session from 1977 to 1982. The 10th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party preceded it.  It held seven plenary sessions in the five-year period.  It was formally succeeded by the 12th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

It elected the 11th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party in 1977. It was the first Politburo elected after Mao Zedong's death in 1976. This politburo was the first to discuss China's reform and opening up, from the preceding period of high economic control.

Peng Zhen
Peng Zhen (pronounced [pʰə̌ŋ ʈʂə́n]; October 12, 1902 – April 26, 1997) was a Chinese politician and leading member of the Chinese Communist Party. He led the party organization in Beijing following the victory of the Communists in the Chinese Civil War in 1949, but was purged during the Cultural Revolution for opposing Mao's views on the role of literature in relation to the state. He was rehabilitated under Deng Xiaoping in 1982 along with other 'wrongly accused' officials, and became the inaugural head of the Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission.
Thomas Moriarty
Thomas Moriarty (1812, Dingle – 1894, Tralee) was a priest in the Church of Ireland  during the nineteenth century.

Moriarty was educated at Trinity College, Dublin.  Moriarty was ordained in 1837. He served curacies at Kingscourt and Ventry; and incumbencies at Dunquin, Kildrum, Tralee, Ballynacourty and Drishane. He was Treasurer of Ardfert Cathedral from 1873 to 1879; and Dean of Ardfert from 1879 to 1894.

He died on 26 April 1894.

Ballinacourty
Ballinacourty, officially Ballynacourty (Irish: Baile na Cúirte, meaning 'town of the court or Courtown'), is a rural area and townland on the southern coast of Ireland near Dungarvan, County Waterford.
Varady
Varady or Várady is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andreas Varady (born 1997), Slovak Hungarian jazz guitarist

Béla Várady (1953–2014), Hungarian footballer

Corrin Varady, Australian journalist

Jenő Várady (1899–?), Hungarian rower

Júlia Várady (born 1941), German opera singer

Krista Varady, Canadian-American nutrition researcher

Rozsi Varady (1902–1933), Hungarian-American cellist

Tibor Várady (born 1939), Professor of Law

Andreas Varady
Andreas Varady (born 24 July 1997) is a Slovak Hungarian jazz guitarist managed by Quincy Jones. Regarded as a child prodigy, he has been influenced by guitarists Django Reinhardt, Wes Montgomery, and George Benson and has been performing internationally since the age of thirteen.
Harry Eagle
Harry Eagle (July 13, 1905 – June 12, 1992) was an American physician and pathologist. He was born in New York City then studied, and later worked, at Johns Hopkins University before moving on to the National Institutes of Health. From 1961 to 1988 he worked at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine. He is best known for Eagle's minimal essential medium, which is important in understanding how human and mammalian cells reproduce. He is also known for the Eagle effect. In 1936 he was the inaugural winner of the Eli Lilly and Company-Elanco Research Award. In 1973, he was a co-winner of the Louisa Gross Horwitz Prize of Columbia University. In 1987, he was awarded the National Medal of Science for his work in the Biological Sciences.

Eli Lilly and Company-Elanco Research Award
The Eli Lilly and Company-Elanco Research Award was a scientific award presented annually by the American Society for Microbiology (ASM) and sponsored by the Eli Lilly and Company and its subsidiary Elanco (which became an independent company in 2019).

The prize was first awarded in 1936. Recipients were given 5000 US dollars (as of 2011). It honored young scientists under the age of 45. The award's purpose was not to compare the research of the younger scientists to the research of older scientists, but to encourage originality and independent thinking.

The award was discontinued after the last award in 2018. Information about the award can no longer be found on the ASM website.
Campbell Lake (Carver and McLeod counties, Minnesota)
Campbell Lake is a lake in Carver and McLeod counties in Minnesota, in the United States. It is located within Hollywood and McLeod townships.

Campbell Lake was named for the family of Patrick Campbell, early settlers.

Carver County, Minnesota
Carver County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 106,922. Its county seat is Chaska. Carver County is named for explorer Jonathan Carver, who in 1766–67, traveled from Boston to the Minnesota River and wintered among the Sioux near the site of New Ulm. Carver County is part of the Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Huoching
Huoching of Alamannia (c. 675–744) was an Alemannic nobleman.
According to the 9th century  Vita Hiudowici by Thegan, he was the son of Gotfrid Agilolfing (c. 650–709). 
Huoching's son Hnabi (Nebi) was the founder of the Ahalolfings dynasty which rose to prominence in Alamannia in the Carolingian period.
The Agilofing descent has been doubted in scholarship. Wenskus (:497–500) has suggested a connection of Huoching and Hnabi to the historical Nibelungs. Jänichen (1976) compares the father-and-son pair Hoc and Hnaef in Old English heroic poetry (Beowulf, Finnsburgh fragment, Widsith) suggesting that Huoching and Hnabi are the historical template for these names in later heroic poetry.
In this, Jänichen is following a suggestion made as early as 1849 by John Mitchell Kemble in History of the Saxons in England (p. 419).

Germanic Heroic Age
The Germanic (or "German") Heroic Age, so called in analogy to the Heroic Age of Greek mythology, is the period of early historic or quasi-historic events reflected in Germanic heroic poetry, often expressed in alliterative verse.
Vladan Pavlović
Vladan Pavlović (Serbian Cyrillic: Bлaдaн Пaвлoвић, born 24 February 1984) is a Serbian football coach and a former defender. He is an assistant coach for Radnik Surdulica.

He was born in Surdulica and he played for FK Obilić, FK Rad and FK Bežanija, before moving to FK Vojvodina. In the 2009–10 he was loaned to FK Javor.

FK Rad
FK Rad (Serbian Cyrillic: ФК Рад) is a football club based in Banjica, Belgrade, Serbia. They compete in the Belgrade First League, the fifth tier of the national league system. It plays it home games at the King Peter I Stadium.

Founded in 1958, the club spent a total of 30 seasons in the top flight between 1987 and 2021, including five seasons in the Yugoslav First League, 12 seasons in the First League of Serbia and Montenegro, and 13 seasons in the Serbian SuperLiga.
Rhombicosacron
In geometry, the rhombicosacron (or midly dipteral ditriacontahedron) is a nonconvex isohedral polyhedron. It is the dual of the uniform rhombicosahedron, U56. It has 50 vertices, 120 edges, and 60 crossed-quadrilateral faces.

Edge (geometry)
In geometry, an edge is a particular type of line segment joining two vertices in a polygon, polyhedron, or higher-dimensional polytope. In a polygon, an edge is a line segment on the boundary, and is often called a polygon side. In a polyhedron or more generally a polytope, an edge is a line segment where two faces (or polyhedron sides) meet. A segment joining two vertices while passing through the interior or exterior is not an edge but instead is called a diagonal.

An edge may also be an infinite line separating two half-planes.
The sides of a plane angle are semi-infinite half-lines (or rays).
Teopolina Mushelenga
Teopolina Mushelenga (born 11 December 1957 in Omagola-Oshigambo, Oshikoto Region) is a Namibian politician. A member  of SWAPO, she was first elected to the National Assembly of Namibia in the 1999 elections, and was subsequently reelected in 2004. After the election of Hifikepunye Pohamba that year, she was appointed deputy minister for home affairs and immigration. Prior to the 2009 general election, Mushelenga was placed 59th on SWAPO's electoral list of 72 candidates for the National Assembly. The top 54 SWAPO candidates on the list were elected, leaving her out of the National Assembly.

2004 Namibian general election
General elections were held in Namibia on 15 and 16 November 2004 to elect the president and members of the National Assembly. The National Assembly election resulted in a landslide win for SWAPO, which won 55 of the 78 seats with over 75% of the vote. SWAPO's candidate for president, Hifikepunye Pohamba, won the presidential election. Following his victory, Pohamba was sworn in as president on 21 March 2005 at Independence Stadium in Windhoek.
Henning Eiler Petersen
Henning Eiler (Ejler) Petersen (22 August 1877 – 22 May 1946) was a Danish mycologist, botanist and marine biologist. He made a major contribution to unveiling the mysterious die-back of eel grass in Northern European waters in the early 20th century as a pathogen outbreak.

Petersen's main research was in what was then known as lower fungi – Chytridiomycota and Oomycetes, but he also studied the systematics of Red algae. Parallel to these lines of research, he investigated the intraspecific morphological variation in plant species – which would today be called quantitative genetics.

The Oomycete genus Petersenia is named to his honour.

Dansk Botanisk Arkiv
Dansk Botanisk Arkiv was a Danish scientific journal or monograph series concerning botany, issued by the Danish Botanical Society. It was published from 1913 to 1980.

Articles were written in Danish, German, English and French. The synonym Res Botanicae Danicae was printed on the front page of some issues.

In 1980, it was fused with Botaniska Notiser Supplement under the name Opera Botanica, which since then has been the monograph series of the Nordic Journal of Botany.
Even (given name)
Even is a Norwegian given name coming from Old Norse Eivindr (existing as Eivindur in Iceland). Another common name derived from Old Norse Eivindr is the Norwegianized Eivind. Eivind, and variants such as Øyvind.

It can be theorized that the name has its origin in the Proto-Norse roots (*auja-, *-winduR) held to mean 'gift' and 'winner', respectively.

Notable people with the name include:

Even Benestad, documentary film director

Even Erlien, politician

Even Hansen, civil servant and politician

Even Johansen, musician

Even Lange, economic historian

Even Pellerud, football player and coach

Even Stormoen, actor

Even Wetten, speed skater

Fictional characters

Even, the original identity of Vexen from the Kingdom Hearts series

Even Bech Næsheim, a recurring character in the Norwegian series Skam

Even Wetten
Even Gabrielsen Wetten (born 12 August 1982 in Hamar) is a Norwegian speed skater. He became World Champion on 1,000 metres in 2005 in Inzell.

He retired 3 October 2007, only 25 years old, due to injuries and motivational issues.
1998 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final
The 1998 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final (sponsored by Guinness) was a hurling match played on 12 July 1998 at Semple Stadium, Thurles, County Tipperary. It was contested by Clare and Waterford.

The final finished in a draw, with a scoreline of 1-16 for Clare, 3-10 for Waterford.	
Clare, captained by Anthony Daly and managed by Ger Loughnane, won the replay a week later on a scoreline of 2-16 to 0-10. 
Both matches were shown live in Ireland as part of The Sunday Game Live on RTÉ Two.

The Sunday Game
The Sunday Game is RTÉ's main Gaelic games television programme. It is shown on RTÉ2 every Sunday during the Football Championship and Hurling Championship seasons.  It is one of RTÉ2's longest-running shows, having been on air since 1979, one year after the channel first began broadcasting.  It celebrated its 30th season in 2008.
Konstantin Kryukov
Konstantin Vitalyevich Kryukov (Russian: Константин Витальевич Крюков; born 7 February 1985) is a Russian actor. He is known for playing the role of Dzhokonda in The 9th Company.

Konstantin Kryukov was born on 7 February 1985 in Moscow in the family of the actress Yelena Bondarchuk and doctor of philosophy Vitaly Kryukov. He is the grandson of legendary Soviet director and actor Sergei Bondarchuk and actress Irina Skobtseva, nephew of Fyodor and Natalya Bondarchuk.

In 2001, he graduated from the Gemological Institute of America and received a diploma as a gemologist of the highest qualification. In 2009, together with the British company The Saplings, he released his first jewelry collection entitled “Choice”.

Gemology
Gemology or gemmology is the science dealing with natural and artificial gemstone materials. It is a specific interdisciplinary branch of mineralogy. Some jewelers (and many non-jewelers) are academically trained gemologists and are qualified to identify and evaluate gems.
Batu Anam
Batu Anam is a town in the northern part of Segamat District, Johor, Malaysia. The town is the home to the 4th  Royal Artillery Regiment of the Malaysian Armed Forces and the Royal Malaysian Police Training Centre (PULAPOL). It is about halfway between downtown Segamat and Gemas, Negeri Sembilan.

Malaysian Armed Forces
The Malaysian Armed Forces (Abbr.: MAF; Malay: Angkatan Tentera Malaysia; Jawi: اڠكتن تنترا مليسيا‎) are the armed forces of Malaysia, consists of three branches; the Malaysian Army, Royal Malaysian Navy and the Royal Malaysian Air Force. The number of MAF active personnel is 113,000 along with reserve forces at 51,600.

The Supreme Commander of the Malaysian Armed Forces is the Yang di-Pertuan Agong; the King of Malaysia.
Michael Yorke
Michael Leslie Yorke (25 March 1939 – 19 April 2019) was an Anglican priest in the last decades of the 20th century and the first years of the 21st. He was born on 25 March 1939 and educated at Midhurst Grammar School and Magdalene College, Cambridge. Ordained in 1965 his first post was a curacy at Croydon Parish Church  after which he served as Succentor, Precentor and Chaplain at Chelmsford Cathedral. Following this he was Rector of Hadstock, a Canon Residentiary at Chelmsford Cathedral, Vicar of St Margaret's with St Nicholas, King's Lynn and Provost of Portsmouth Cathedral. In 1999 he became Dean of Lichfield, and was Dean Emeritus in retirement.

He died on 19 April 2019 at the age of 80.

Portsmouth Cathedral
The Cathedral Church of St Thomas of Canterbury, commonly known as Portsmouth Cathedral, is an Anglican cathedral church in the centre of Old Portsmouth in Portsmouth, England. Since 1935 the historic church has been the cathedral of the Diocese of Portsmouth and the seat of the bishop of Portsmouth.

The Anglican cathedral is one of the two cathedral churches in the city, the other being the Roman Catholic Cathedral of St John the Evangelist, Portsmouth, about one mile to the north.