hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Don Phillips (Canadian politician)
Donald McGray Phillips (August 24, 1929 – October 5, 2016) was a Canadian politician who represented the constituency of South Peace River in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1966 to 1969 and from 1972 to 1986. Part of the Social Credit Party caucus, he held various cabinet posts under Premier Bill Bennett.

Premier of British Columbia
The premier of British Columbia is the first minister and head of government for the Canadian province of British Columbia. Until the early 1970s, the title prime minister of British Columbia was often used. The word premier is derived from the French word of the same spelling, meaning "first"; and ultimately from the Latin word primarius, meaning "primary".
Right 2 Dream Too
Right 2 Dream Too (known to locals as R2D2 or R2DTOO) is a self-managed homeless encampment in Portland, Oregon incorporated as a nonprofit organization. The initial encampment was set up in October, 2011 on private property in Old Town Chinatown at Northwest 4th Avenue and West Burnside Street. The camp had permission from the property owner, but it was not authorized by the city. Right 2 Survive, the encampment's parent group and founder, organized an overnight shelter run by other homeless.

The operation erected tents and built a fence without necessary permits, and was assessed fines for doing so.

Old Town Chinatown
Old Town Chinatown is the official Chinatown of the northwest section of Portland, Oregon, United States. The Willamette River forms its eastern boundary, separating it from the Lloyd District and the Kerns and Buckman neighborhoods. It includes the Portland Skidmore/Old Town Historic District and the Portland New Chinatown/Japantown Historic District, which are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It has been referred to as the "skid row" of Portland.
Chestnut short-tailed bat
The chestnut short-tailed bat (Carollia castanea) is a bat species from South and Central America. The species is often confused with the Benkeith's short-tailed bat. It is a mainly frugivorous species that has been known to consume insects (its favorite food being piperaceae). To determine which pipers to forage on, it focuses on odour and then after proceeds to echolocate to determine position. It hunts between nightfall and midnight (females during the first half, males during the whole). Habitats include hollow trees, caves, cracks, abandoned mines, sewers, and house roofs. It does not decrease activity during full moons, only instances of turbulent weather like heavy rain. In an agricultural setting it has a higher resistance to habitat fragmentation compared to similar bat species.

Habitat fragmentation
Habitat fragmentation describes the emergence of discontinuities (fragmentation) in an organism's preferred environment (habitat), causing population fragmentation and  ecosystem decay. Causes of habitat fragmentation include geological processes that slowly alter the layout of the physical environment (suspected of being one of the major causes of speciation), and human activity such as land conversion, which can alter the environment much faster and causes the population fluctuation of many species. More specifically, habitat fragmentation is a process by which large and contiguous habitats get divided into smaller, isolated patches of habitats.
Samuel Cooke (judge)
Sir Samuel Burgess Ridgway Cooke (16 March 1912 – 12 April 1978) was a British barrister and High Court judge. He served as the second chairman of the Law Commission between 1973 and his death in 1978.

High Court judge (England and Wales)
A justice of the High Court, commonly known as a High Court judge, is a judge of the High Court of Justice of England and Wales, and represents the third-highest level of judge in the courts of England and Wales. High Court judges are referred to as puisne justices and wear red and black robes.

High Court judges do not include the ex officio judges of the High Court, such as the heads of the divisions. High Court judges rank below justices of appeal, but above circuit judges.
Ladies Peak
Ladies Peak is a 7,708-foot (2,349-metre) mountain summit located in Chelan County of Washington state. Ladies Peak is situated 13 mi (21 km) west-northwest of Leavenworth, within the Alpine Lakes Wilderness, on land managed by the Okanogan–Wenatchee National Forest. Ladies Peak is part of the Chiwaukum Mountains, a subset of the Cascade Range. Its nearest higher neighbor is Snowgrass Mountain, 1.27 mi (2.04 km) to the north, and Cape Horn is set 0.9 mi (1.4 km) to the southeast. Precipitation runoff from Ladies Peak drains west to Icicle Creek, whereas the east slopes drain into Chiwaukum Creek, and both are tributaries of the Wenatchee River. Although modest in elevation, relief is significant since this peak rises over 4,700 feet above Icicle Creek Valley in approximately two miles. This unofficially named peak is named in association with the nearby officially named Ladies Pass, which like many geographical features in this region was named by Albert Hale Sylvester.

Leavenworth, Washington
Leavenworth is a city in Chelan County, Washington, United States. The population was 2,263 at the 2020 census. The entire town center is modeled on a Bavarian village as part of a civic initiative that began in the 1960s. Leavenworth is part of the Wenatchee–East Wenatchee metropolitan area.

The city is connected to the Seattle metropolitan area by U.S. Route 2, which also provides access to the Stevens Pass Ski Area.
Spoorloos (TV series)
Spoorloos (Without A Trace) is a South African crime drama anthology television series created by Ilse van Hemert and developed by Ochre Moving Pictures. The first season is based on the 2014 novel Daddy Long Legs by Vernon W. Baumann and set in the fictional town of Digtersdal in the Eastern Cape. Each subsequent season follows a new small town and cast of characters.

The first season premiered on kykNET on 6 October 2018. The second season Spoorloos: Heksejag premiered on 14 July 2020. The third installment Spoorloos: Steynhof, set in the Northern Cape, premiered on 6 July 2021. In November 2021, it was renewed for a fourth season, which premiered on 19 July 2022 as Spoorloos: Die Eiland.

KykNET
kykNET is a South African  Afrikaans-language television channel. Owned by pay-TV operator MultiChoice, it was launched on the DStv satellite service on 15 November 1999.

In its development phase, the channel had the placeholder name The Afrikaans Channel. On 16 July 2014 DStv announced that kykNET would be broadcast in high-definition from 12 August 2014.

A kykNET International service is available online to subscribers in selected countries in North America, Europe and Australasia via the Showmax platform.

It was also previously available in the UK, where it was launched on TalkTalk's IPTV service, TalkTalk Plus TV, in October 2013. However, it was dropped by TalkTalk in December 2015.
Ellaichami
Ellaichami is a 1992 Indian Tamil-language action drama film directed and produced by K. Rangaraj. The film stars R. Sarathkumar and Rupini, with Nassar, Vetri Vigneshwar and Gowri playing supporting roles. It was released on 11 September 1992, and failed at the box office. This was the last film Rangaraj directed for over 30 years, until the release of Konjam Kadhal Konjam Modhal (2025).

Rupini
Komal Mahuvakar, better known by her stage name Rupini (born November 4, 1969), is an Indian former actress who has appeared in Hindi, Tamil, Kannada, Malayalam and Telugu language films during the late 1980s and early 1990s.
Valentine's Day (TV series)
Valentine's Day is an American sitcom that aired on ABC from September 18, 1964 until May 7, 1965. The series starred Tony Franciosa as Valentine Farrow, a swinging Manhattan publishing executive, and Jack Soo as Rocky Sin, a poker-playing con-artist and Farrow's valet.  The show was created by Hal Kanter and lasted only one season.

One noteworthy episode was produced as a tie-in to the movie Rio Conchos,  in which Franciosa co-starred; he played both Valentine and his character, Juan Luis Martinez, from the feature.

Hal Kanter
Hal Kanter (December 18, 1918 – November 6, 2011) was an American writer, producer and director, principally for comedy actors such as Bob Hope, Jerry Lewis, and Elvis Presley (in Loving You and Blue Hawaii), for both feature films and television. Kanter helped Tennessee Williams turn the play by Williams into the film version of The Rose Tattoo. He was regularly credited as a writer for the Academy Award broadcasts. Kanter was also the creator and executive producer of the television series Julia.
David Palmer (curler)
David "Dave" Palmer (born (1960-11-02)November 2, 1960 in Marlborough, Massachusetts) is an American wheelchair curler.

He participated in the 2014 Winter Paralympics where American team finished on fifth place.

Marlborough, Massachusetts
Marlborough is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 41,793 at the 2020 census. Marlborough became a prosperous industrial town in the 19th century and made the transition to high technology industry in the late 20th century after the construction of the Massachusetts Turnpike. It is part of the Worcester metropolitan area.

Marlborough was declared a town in 1660, and was incorporated as a city in 1890 when it changed its municipal charter from a New England town meeting system to a mayor–council government.
Jumpin' In
Jumpin' In is an album by the Dave Holland Quintet recorded in October 1983 and released on ECM the following year on LP and CD. The quintet features trumpeter Kenny Wheeler, alto saxophonist Steve Coleman, trombonist Julian Priester, and drummer Steven Ellington.

The album title has been used for the Manx Radio Friday night show Jumpin' In, presented by the brothers Caine.

ECM Records
ECM (Edition of Contemporary Music) is an independent record label founded by Karl Egger, Manfred Eicher and Manfred Scheffner in Munich in 1969. While ECM is best known for jazz music, the label has released a variety of recordings, and ECM's artists often refuse to acknowledge boundaries between genres. ECM's motto is "the most beautiful sound next to silence", taken from a 1971 review of ECM releases in Coda, a Canadian jazz magazine.

ECM has been distributed in the U.S. by Warner Bros. Records, PolyGram Records, BMG, and, since 1999, Universal Music, the successor of PolyGram, worldwide. Its album covers were profiled in two books: Sleeves of Desire and Windfall Light, both published by Lars Müller.
Life Goes On (Donell Jones album)
Life Goes On is the third studio album by American R&B singer Donell Jones. It was released by LaFace Records and Arista Records on June 4, 2002, in the United States. The album featured two singles, "You Know that I Love You", which was a minor hit in both the US and the UK and "Put Me Down", a more popular non-album version featuring Styles P and Lady May. The album reached number 3 on the US Billboard 200 and went gold. On September 16, 2003, Arista Records re-released Life Goes On with the bonus track, "I'll Go", which first appeared on the Love & Basketball soundtrack.

Love & Basketball (soundtrack)
Love and Basketball: Music From The Motion Picture is the soundtrack to Gina Prince-Bythewood's 2000 film Love & Basketball. It was released on April 18, 2000 through Overbrook Music/Interscope Records, and mostly consisted of contemporary R&B with some hip hop music. The soundtrack was a minor success, peaking at number 45 on the Billboard 200, number 15 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums and number 1 on the Independent Albums.
Kyaw Minn
Kyaw Minn (Burmese: ကျော်မင်း, also spelt Kyaw Min; born 20 June 1961) is a Burmese politician who currently serves as a Pyithu Hluttaw member of parliament for Letpadan Township. He is a member of the National League for Democracy. In the 2015 Myanmar general election, he contested the Letpadan Township constituency for a seat in the Pyithu Hluttaw MP, the country's lower house.

Lower house
A lower house is the lower chamber of a bicameral legislature, where the other chamber is the upper house. Although styled as "below" the upper house, in many legislatures worldwide, the lower house has come to wield more power or otherwise exert significant political influence.
Neil Gershenfeld
Neil Adam Gershenfeld (born December 1, 1959) is an American scientist. He is a professor in the MIT Program in Media Arts and Sciences and the director of the MIT Center for Bits and Atoms. He works mainly on interdisciplinary topics in physics and computer science, such as quantum computing, nanotechnology, and personal fabrication.

Digital modeling and fabrication
Digital modeling and fabrication is a design and production process that combines 3D modeling or computing-aided design (CAD) with additive and subtractive manufacturing. Additive manufacturing is also known as 3D printing, while subtractive manufacturing may also be referred to as machining, and many other technologies can be used to physically produce the designed objects.
Munnerlyn
Munnerlyn is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Captain Munnerlyn (born 1988), American football player

Charles Munnerlyn (born 1940), American optical engineer
Munnerlyn Formula

Charles James Munnerlyn (1822–1898), American politician and Confederate Army soldier

Charles Munnerlyn
Charles Munnerlyn (born 1940 in Shreveport, LA) is an American optical engineer. He constructed the first working excimer laser system for vision correction in 1985, and also developed the Munnerlyn Formula that dictates the amount of  corneal tissue to be removed by the laser to correct vision disorders such as myopia and astigmatism.  Munnerlyn is the founder of VISX, Incorporated, once the world's largest manufacturer of laser-based vision correction (LVC) systems.  VISX is now owned by Johnson & Johnson.
Jnr Choi
Momodou Junior Choi, professionally known as Jnr Choi (born 20 May 1999) is a Gambian-British rapper, singer-songwriter and model based in London, United Kingdom. He rose to prominence with his 2021 single "To the Moon", which gained popularity on TikTok and charted worldwide, including peaking at #38 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and #1 on the US Rhythmic chart.

Rhythmic Airplay
The Rhythmic Airplay chart (previously named Rhythmic Songs, Rhythmic Top 40 and CHR/Rhythmic) is an airplay chart published weekly by Billboard magazine.

The chart tracks and measures the airplay of songs played on US rhythmic radio stations, whose playlist includes mostly hit-driven R&B/hip-hop, rhythmic pop, and some dance tracks. Nielsen Audio sometimes refers to the format as rhythmic contemporary hit radio.
Polynomial texture mapping
Polynomial texture mapping (PTM), also known as Reflectance Transformation Imaging (RTI), is a technique of imaging and interactively displaying objects under varying lighting conditions to reveal surface phenomena. The data acquisition method is single camera multi light (SCML).

Lighting
Lighting or illumination is the deliberate use of light to achieve practical or aesthetic effects. Lighting includes the use of both artificial light sources like lamps and light fixtures, as well as natural illumination by capturing daylight. Daylighting (using windows, skylights, or light shelves) is sometimes used as the main source of light during daytime in buildings. This can save energy in place of using artificial lighting, which represents a major component of energy consumption in buildings. Proper lighting can enhance task performance, improve the appearance of an area, or have positive psychological effects on occupants.

Indoor lighting is usually accomplished using light fixtures, and is a key part of interior design. Lighting can also be an intrinsic component of landscape projects.
Forest Lane station
Forest Lane station is a DART rail station in northeastern Dallas, Texas. The elevated station, which serves the Red Line and Orange Line, is located on Forest Lane, 1⁄3 mile (0.54 km) east of North Central Expressway (US 75) and 1 mile (1.6 km) south of Lyndon B. Johnson Freeway (I-635).

The station serves the Medical City Dallas hospital complex, the Cottonwood Trail, and the Hamilton Park neighborhood. In tribute to the largely African-American population of Hamilton Park, the station features a sculpture dedicated to African-Americans who fought against housing segregation.

Central Expressway (Dallas)
Central Expressway is a north–south highway in the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex in Texas (USA) and surrounding areas. The best-known section is the North Central Expressway, a name for a freeway section of U.S. Highway 75 between downtown Dallas and Van Alstyne, Texas. The southern terminus is south of the Woodall Rodgers Freeway at exit 284C of "hidden" Interstate 345 (signed as Interstate 45 southbound and US 75 northbound). From there, Central Expressway becomes the South Central Expressway, the northernmost portion of which was renamed César Chávez Boulevard on April 9, 2010.
New People's Party of Slovenia
The New People's Party of Slovenia (Slovene: Nova ljudska stranka Slovenije, NLS) was a political party in Slovenia. The party, which evolved from the so-called "Mayor's list" (Slovene: Županova lista), was founded on 12 May 2016 by former Maribor mayor, Franc Kangler.

In February 2018, it was revealed that NLS would be joining forces with the party Voice for Children and Families to form United Right, an electoral alliance, to jointly contest the upcoming 2018 Slovenian parliamentary election.

The party, along with Voice for Children and Families, was said to function as a "satellite" of the largest conservative party in Slovenia, the Slovenian Democratic Party, since it could enable it to form a coalition of loyal, seemingly independent parties. The party ultimately merged into the Slovenian Democratic Party.

2018 Slovenian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Slovenia on 3 June 2018. The elections were originally expected to be held later in June 2018, but after the resignation of Prime Minister Miro Cerar on 14 March 2018 all parties called for snap elections. They were the third consecutive snap elections after 2011 and 2014.
PSV Garuda Vega
PSV Garuda Vega is a 2017 Indian Telugu-language action spy film written and directed by Praveen Sattaru. The film is produced by M. Koteswara Raju and stars Rajasekhar, Pooja Kumar, Adith Arun, Shraddha Das, and Kishore,  while Sanjay Reddy, Nassar, Ali, Posani Krishna Murali, and Sayaji Shinde play supporting roles.

PSV Garuda Vega was released worldwide on 3 November 2017 to positive reviews from critics,was successful at the box office, grossing over ₹35.9 crore.

Ali (actor)
Mohammed Ali (born 10 October 1967), known professionally as Ali, is an Indian actor, comedian, and television presenter who works predominantly in Telugu films and television. He acted in more than 1000 films in Telugu. He is a recipient of two Nandi Awards and two Filmfare Awards South.
IodéOS
iodéOS is an Android-based mobile operating system developed by French company iodé. The operating system is a fork of LineageOS and does not include Google Play Services, instead using MicroG as a free and open-source replacement. As of October 2025, some 52 devices are supported, and a GSI based on Android 14 is available for unsupported devices.

F-Droid
F-Droid is a free and open source app store and software repository for Android, serving a similar function to the Google Play Store. The main repository, hosted by the project, contains only free and open source apps. Applications can be browsed, downloaded, and installed from the F-Droid website or client app without the need to register  an account. "Anti-features" such as advertising, user tracking, or dependence on non-free software are flagged in app descriptions.

The website also offers the source code of applications it hosts, as well as the software running the F-Droid server, allowing anyone to set up their own app repository.
Julie Hanta Razafimanahaka
Julie Hanta Razafimanahaka is a Malagasy conservation biologist. She has been the director of Madagasikara Voakajy, a conservation nonprofit operating in Eastern Madagascar, since 2011. She began her career as a bat researcher, from 2004 to 2007. In 2015, she was awarded the Young Women in Conservation Award by the International Congress for Conservation Biology.

Conservation biology
Conservation biology is the study of the conservation of nature and of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions. It is an interdisciplinary subject drawing on natural and social sciences, and the practice of natural resource management.

The conservation ethic is based on the findings of conservation biology.
Belinsky (film)
Belinsky (Russian: Белинский) is a 1953 Soviet biopic film directed by Grigori Kozintsev, based on the life of Russian literary critic Vissarion Belinsky (1811–1848). The production of the film was completed in 1951 but it was not released until 1953, following the reshooting of various scenes demanded by Stalin.

Grigori Kozintsev
Grigori Mikhailovich Kozintsev (born Grigori Moiseyevich Kozintsov;22 March [O.S. 9 March] 1905 – 11 May 1973) was a Soviet theatre and film director, screenwriter and pedagogue. He was named People's Artist of the USSR in 1964. In 1965 he was a member of the jury at the 4th Moscow International Film Festival. Two years later he was a member of the jury of the 5th Moscow International Film Festival. In 1971 he was the president of the jury at the 7th Moscow International Film Festival.
Karlsdotter
Karlsdotter is a Swedish patronymic name.  People known by this name include the following:

Anna Karlsdotter (died 1552), Swedish noble

Catherine Karlsdotter, (died 1450), Swedish queen

Magdalena Karlsdotter, known as Magdalena of Sweden (1445 – 1495), Swedish princess

Brita-Kajsa Karlsdotter (1816–1915), Swedish textile artist

Catherine Karlsdotter
Catherine Karlsdotter, in Swedish called Katarina Karlsdotter and later Katarina Gumsehuvud (died 7 September 1450) was Queen of Sweden from 1448 to 1450 and Queen of Norway from 1449 to 1450 as the second wife of King Karl Knutsson.
Conscription in Sri Lanka
Conscription in Sri Lanka has never been implemented in modern times with its armed forces and auxiliary forces remained all volunteer during World War I, World War II and the Sri Lankan Civil War. The Mobilization and Supplementary Forces Act, No. 40 of 1985 gives the Sri Lankan Government the powers to issue a A National Service Order to enlist persons in the National Armed Reserve.

During the Sri Lankan Civil War, non-state sanctioned conscription was carried out by the LTTE in areas under its control, including conscription of children.

Volunteer military
A volunteer military system or all-volunteer military system (AVMS) is a military service system that maintains the military only with applicants without conscription. A country may offer attractive pay and benefits through military recruitment to attract potential recruits. Many countries with volunteer militaries reserve the right to renew conscription in the event of an emergency.
The Indian Army is the world's largest standing volunteer army.

In recent decades, the trend among numerous countries has been to move from conscription to all-volunteer military forces. One significant example is in France, which has historically been the first to introduce modern conscription and whose model was followed by many other countries in Europe and elsewhere around the world.