hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polycaena tamerlana
Polycaena tamerlana, also known as the Tamerlane's coppermark is a butterfly in the family Riodinidae. It is found in Central Asia. Five subspecies of this species are recognized. It was discovered by Otto Staudinger in 1886.

Otto Staudinger
Otto Staudinger (2 May 1830 – 13 October 1900) was a German entomologist and a natural history dealer considered one of the largest in the world specialising in the collection and sale of insects to museums, scientific institutions, and individuals.
2024 California's 20th congressional district special election
The 2024 California's 20th congressional district special election was held on March 19, 2024, with a runoff on May 21 because no candidate received more than 50% of the vote in the first round. It elected a new member of the United States House of Representatives to replace Kevin McCarthy, who resigned on December 31, 2023, following his removal as speaker of the House.

Two Republicans, Tulare County Sheriff Mike Boudreaux and state assemblyman Vince Fong, advanced to the runoff. Boudreaux narrowly edged out the leading Democrat, teacher Marisa Wood, to claim the second runoff spot. Fong won the runoff with more than 60% of the vote and won a full term in November 2024; Boudreaux dropped out of the November race but his name remained on the ballot.

Shannon Grove
Shannon Lee Grove (née Cain; born March 18, 1965) is an American politician, who represents California's 12th State Senatorial district, encompassing the southern Central Valley and parts of the High Desert. A Republican, she served as the minority leader of the California State Senate from 2019 to 2021.

Grove previously served in the California State Assembly, representing the 34th State Assembly district, which encompassed most of Kern County. She is the chief executive officer of an employment agency she started in 1993 with her sister-in-law.
WCCO-TV
WCCO-TV (channel 4), branded CBS Minnesota, is a television station licensed to Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, serving the Twin Cities area. It is owned and operated by the CBS television network through its CBS News and Stations division, and maintains studios on South 11th Street along Nicollet Mall in downtown Minneapolis; its transmitter is located at the Telefarm complex in Shoreview, Minnesota.

WCCO-TV's programming is also seen on full-power satellite station KCCW-TV (channel 12) in Walker (with transmitter near Hackensack). Nielsen Media Research treats WCCO-TV and KCCW-TV as one station in local ratings books, using the identifier name WCCO+. From 1987 until 2017, WCCO-TV operated a second satellite, KCCO-TV (virtual and VHF digital channel 7) in Alexandria (with transmitter near Westport).

WCCO is one of three owned-and-operated network affiliates in the Twin Cities market, the others being Fox O&O KMSP-TV (channel 9) and MyNetworkTV O&O WFTC (channel 9.2).

Public service announcement
A public service announcement (PSA) is a message in the public interest disseminated by the media without charge to raise public awareness and change behavior. Oftentimes these messages feature unsettling imagery, ideas or behaviors that are designed to startle or even scare the viewer into understanding the consequences of undergoing a particular harmful action or inaction. For example, a PSA may show imagery of drug users before and after their addiction, or realistic skits of domestic violence situations, as well as explaining the importance of avoiding such choices. In the UK, they are generally called a public information film (PIF); in Hong Kong, they are known as an announcement in the public interest (API).
Vyshneve, Kamianske Raion, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Vyshneve (Ukrainian: Вишневе; Russian: Вишнёвое) is a rural settlement in Kamianske Raion, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Ukraine. The settlement is located on the banks of the Lozuvatka, a tributary of the Saksahan in the basin of the Dnieper. Vyshneve hosts the administration of Vyshneve settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 2,255 (2022 estimate).

Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (Ukrainian: Дніпропетровська область, romanized: Dnipropetrovska oblast), also commonly known as Dnipropetrovshchyna (Ukrainian: Дніпропетровщина), is an oblast (province) in southeastern Ukraine, the most important industrial region of the country. It was created on February 27, 1932. Dnipropetrovsk Oblast has a population of about 3,096,485 (2022 estimate), approximately 80% of whom live centering on administrative centers: Dnipro, Kryvyi Rih, Kamianske, Nikopol and Pavlohrad. The Dnieper River runs through the oblast.
Sargent Icefield
The Sargent Icefield is a large icefield located on the eastern portion of the Kenai Peninsula bordering Prince William Sound in Alaska. The ice field has numerous outflow glaciers including the Chenega, Princeton, and Ellsworth Glaciers.

Prince William Sound
Prince William Sound (Sugpiaq: Suungaaciq) is a sound off the Gulf of Alaska on the south coast of the U.S. state of Alaska. It is located on the east side of the Kenai Peninsula. Its largest port is Valdez, at the southern terminus of the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System. Other settlements on the sound, which contains numerous small islands, include Cordova and Whittier plus the Alaska native villages of Chenega and Tatitlek.
Vuk Matić
Vuk Matić (Serbian Cyrillic: Вук Матић; born 24 May 1978, in Belgrade, SR Serbia, Yugoslavia) is a Serbian bass singer, and soloist of Opera in the National Theatre in Belgrade, Serbia.

He graduated-B.A. and M.A. in solo singing at the Faculty of Music in Belgrade in the class of Professor emerita Radmila Bakočević. At the National Theatre in Belgrade he sang roles in Mozart's The Magic Flute (Papageno), Don Giovanni (Leporello), Donizetti's L'Elisir d'Amore (Dulcamara), Don Pasquale, Lucia di Lammermoor (Raimondo), Prokofiev's The Love for Three Oranges (Tchelio), Puccini's La Boheme (Schaunard and Colline), in Serbian operas, Stanislav Binički's Na uranku (At Dawn") (Redzep), Rastislav Kambasković's "Hasanaginica" (Hasanaga), and others.

Vuk Matić is also a guitarist and composer.

Stanislav Binički
Stanislav Binički (Serbian Cyrillic: Станислав Бинички, pronounced [stǎnislaʋ binǐt͡ʃkiː]; 27 July 1872 – 15 February 1942) was a Serbian composer, conductor, and pedagogue. A student of German composer Josef Rheinberger, he became the first director of the Opera Sector of the National Theatre in Belgrade in 1889 and began working with the Belgrade Military Orchestra a decade later. He composed the first Serbian opera, At Dawn (Serbian: Na uranku), in 1903. In 1911, Binički established the second Serbian Music School. He joined the Serbian Army following the outbreak of World War I and composed one of his most famous works, March on the Drina, following the Serbian victory at the Battle of Cer. He retired as head of the Opera Sector of the National Theatre in 1920 and died in Belgrade in 1942. He is considered one of the leading Serbian composers of the Generation of the 1870s.
Danish Runic Inscription 110
DR 110, or the Virring stone, is a runestone made of granite that measures 155 cm (61 in) in height, 120 cm (47 in) in width and 27 cm (11 in) in thickness. It is written in Old East Norse in the Younger Futhark, and the runestone style is in a form called RAK.

It was discovered in 1865 being used as the threshold for the church porch in the church of Virring in Denmark. It is tentatively dated to the period 900-960 based on the runes and the language. It had been severely worn down so many runes are missing.

A peculiarity in the inscription is the m rune
which has a rounded top(). It also contains an invocation to the Norse god Thor (Þor wigi þæssi kumbl), which it shares with a number of other runestones in Sweden and Denmark: the Rök runestone (Þōrr), the Velanda Runestone (Þorr vigi), Glavendrup stone (Þor wigi þæssi runaʀ), Sønder Kirkeby Runestone (Þor wigi runaʀ) and possibly Sö 140 (Siði(?) Þorr(?)).

Mannaz
Mannaz is the conventional name of the /m/ rune ᛗ of the Elder Futhark. It is derived from the reconstructed Proto-Germanic (or Common Germanic) word for 'man', *mannaz.

The Younger Futhark equivalent ᛘ is maðr ('man'). It took up the shape of the algiz rune ᛉ, replacing Elder Futhark ᛗ.

As its sound value and form in the Elder Futhark indicate, it is derived from the letter for /m/, 𐌌, in the Old Italic alphabets, ultimately from the Greek letter mu (uppercase Μ, lowercase μ).
Magadiite
Magadiite is a hydrous sodium silicate mineral (NaSi7O13(OH)3·4(H2O)) which precipitates from alkali brines as an evaporite phase. It forms as soft (Mohs hardness of 2) white powdery monoclinic crystal masses. The mineral is unstable and decomposes during diagenesis leaving a distinctive variety of chert (Magadi-type chert).

The mineral was first described by Hans P. Eugster in 1967 for an occurrence in Lake Magadi, Kenya, and is also found at Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania. It is also reported from alkalic intrusive syenites as in Mont Saint-Hilaire, Canada.

Syenite
Syenite is a coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock with a general composition similar to that of granite, but deficient in quartz, which, if present at all, occurs in relatively small concentrations (< 5%). It is considered a granitoid. Some syenites contain larger proportions of mafic components and smaller amounts of felsic material than most granites; those are classed as being of intermediate composition.

The extrusive equivalent of syenite is trachyte.
Mauricio Jürgensen
Mauricio Eduardo Jürgensen Roldán (born 19 December 1974) is a Chilean journalist, pundit, and musician.

From 2018 to 2019, he worked as a panelist in the morning show Bienvenidos on Canal 13. Similarly, in that channel he participated as a commentator at the Viña del Mar International Song Festival or also led with Francisca García Huidobro and Maly Jorqueira the late-night talk show «Sigamos de Largo».

Breakfast television
Breakfast television (Europe and Australia) or morning show (Canada and the United States) is a type of news or infotainment television programme that broadcasts live in the morning (typically scheduled between 5:00 and 10:00 a.m., or if it is a local programme, as early as 4:00 a.m.). Often presented by a small team of hosts, these programmes are typically marketed towards the combined demography of people getting ready for work and school and stay-at-home adults and parents.

The first – and longest-running – national breakfast/morning show on television is Today, which set the tone for the genre and premiered on 14 January 1952 on NBC in the United States. For the next 70 years, Today was the number one morning program in the ratings for the vast majority of its run and since its start, many other television stations and television networks around the world have followed NBC's lead, copying that program's successful format.
Starlin Castro
Starlin DeJesus Castro (born March 24, 1990) is a Dominican former professional baseball infielder. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Chicago Cubs, New York Yankees, Miami Marlins, and Washington Nationals. Castro is a four-time MLB All-Star and holds the record for most runs batted in in an MLB debut. In 2011, he led the National League in hits, becoming the youngest player to do so.

Joe Maddon
Joseph John Maddon (born February 8, 1954) is an American former professional baseball manager. He has managed the Tampa Bay Rays, Chicago Cubs, and Los Angeles Angels of Major League Baseball (MLB).

After playing and coaching in the minor leagues, Maddon began his MLB coaching career with the Angels in 1994 and served under managers Buck Rodgers, Marcel Lachemann, John McNamara, Terry Collins, and Mike Scioscia. He served two stints as interim manager during this time. He managed the Rays from 2006 through 2014, winning the 2008 American League pennant.

After opting out of his contract following the 2014 season, Maddon joined the Cubs. He led them to the 2015 National League Championship Series and was named the 2015 National League Manager of the Year. In 2016, Maddon managed the Cubs to their first World Series title since 1908. He managed the Cubs through 2019 and managed the Angels from 2020 to 2022.
Stoddart Group
The Stoddart Group is a stratigraphic unit of Mississippian to Early Pennsylvanian age in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin.

It takes the name from the Stoddart Creek, a creek that flows into Charlie Lake north of Fort St. John, and was first described in well Pacific Fort St. John #23 (at depths from 2000 to 2600m) by A.T.C. Rutgers in 1958.

Stratigraphic unit
A stratigraphic unit is a volume of rock of identifiable origin and relative age range that is defined by the distinctive and dominant, easily mapped and recognizable petrographic, lithologic or paleontologic features (facies) that characterize it.

Units must be mappable and distinct from one another, but the contact need not be particularly distinct. For instance, a unit may be defined by terms such as "when the sandstone component exceeds 75%".
Jan Latalski
Jan Latalski  (1463–1540) was a medieval Bishop of Kraków, Poznań, Archbishop of Gniezno, and Primate of Poland.

Born in 1463 into the Prawdzic Polish noble family, he studied at the Cracow Academy. He was a pastor of Saint Peter and Paul church in Kostrzyn nad Odrą. From 1498 to 1505 he was a Chancellor for Elizabeth Rakuszanki, and Royal Secretary from 1504.

As Envoy of King Sigismund I the Old, he negotiated with the Teutonic Knights in Toruń in 1511, and in 1517 he led negotiations with the hospodarem.

In 1525 he was made the Bishop of Poznań with the support of Queen Bona and in 1536 was elected Bishop of Kraków. In 1537 he was made Archbishop of Gniezno and Primate of Poland. Although a favorite of the King, he was known to be fond of the drink.

He died in 1540 and was buried in the Cathedral of Gniezno.

Prawdzic coat of arms
Prawdzic (Prawdzik) was historically a Polish coat of arms. It was used by the nobility clans and later szlachta families in the times of the Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569) and  Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
The Garden of Death (Madetoja)
The Garden of Death (in Finnish: Kuoleman puutarha; also known by its French title: Jardin de la mort), Op. 41, is a three-movement suite for solo piano written in 1918 (Movement I) and revised in 1919 (the addition of Movements II–III) by Finnish composer Leevi Madetoja. The suite, somber and mournful in character, is a tribute to the composer's brother, Yrjö, who as a captive during the Finnish Civil War was executed by the Red Guards. The Finnish pianist Elli Rängman-Björlin premiered the suite in Helsinki, Finland, on 19 March 1923, with Madetoja in attendance.

Karl Tausig
Karl Tausig (sometimes "Carl"; born Karol Tausig; 4 November 1841 – 17 July 1871) was a Polish virtuoso pianist, arranger, and composer. He is widely regarded as Franz Liszt's greatest pupil and one of the greatest pianists of all time.
Maryland International Raceway
Maryland International Raceway, formerly Budds Creek Raceway, is a drag racing facility located in Mechanicsville, Maryland.  Opened in 1966, it hosts a variety of events, including professional and sportsman drag racing competitions. The track measures 1/4 mile in length and features seating for approximately 11,000 spectators. It has been affiliated with multiple sanctioning bodies over its history, including NASCAR, NHRA, IHRA, and WDRA, and is set to rejoin the NHRA in 2026.

Mechanicsville, Maryland
Mechanicsville is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in St. Mary's County, Maryland, United States. It is adjacent to the community of Charlotte Hall, which is known for its agriculture, Amish population, and the Maryland Veterans Home. Mechanicsville has many small businesses and restaurants along Maryland Route 5 and Maryland Route 235, as well as an enclosed Amish produce market.  The community is served by the St. Mary's County Public Schools, including Chopticon High School. At the 2010 census, Mechanicsville had a population of 1,528.

The Amish community in the Mechanicsville area consists of eight church districts and approximately 1,000 people. The Amish first came to the area in 1940. There is also an Old Order Mennonite community in the Mechanisville area. In recent years, increasing development has threatened the Amish community.
Phanera ornata
Phanera ornata is a species of lianas in the family Fabaceae. It is in the subfamily Cercidoideae and the tribe Bauhinieae, the genus having been separated from Bauhinia.  Under its synonym, Bauhinia ornata, its  Vietnamese name is "móng bò diện".   Distribution records exist from Assam, S. China and Indochina, where wild plants grow primarily in the tropical forest biome.

Tropical forest
Tropical forests are forested ecoregions with tropical climates – that is, land areas approximately bounded by the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, but possibly affected by other factors such as prevailing winds.

Some tropical forest types are difficult to categorize. While forests in temperate areas are readily categorized on the basis of tree canopy density, such schemes do not work well in tropical forests. There is no single scheme that defines what a forest is, in tropical regions or elsewhere. Because of these difficulties, information on the extent of tropical forests varies between sources. However, tropical forests are extensive, making up just under half the world's forests. The tropical domain has the largest proportion of the world's forests (45 percent), followed by the boreal, temperate and subtropical domains.

More than 3.6 million hectares of virgin tropical forest was lost in 2018.
Charlotte Chiong
Charlotte Martinez Chiong  (born June 11, 1961) is a Filipino otolaryngologist with a subspecialty in neurotology, focusing on hearing health, cochlear implants, and neurotological skull base surgery based in Malolos and Manila, Philippines. She is best known for her research on children's implantable hearing devices, which built the foundation for the Republic Act No. 9709 of the Philippines that organized a universal screening program for hearing loss in newborns.

American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery
The American Academy of Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery (AAO-HNS) is one of the world's largest professional associations for medical specialists, with nearly 12,000 specialists in the area of otolaryngology (otorhinolaryngology) - caring for the ears, nose, and throat and surgery of the head and neck. The medical disorders treated by these physicians are among the most common that afflict all Americans, young and old. They include chronic ear infection, sinusitis, snoring and sleep apnea, hearing loss, allergies and hay fever, swallowing disorders, nosebleeds, hoarseness, dizziness, and head and neck cancer.
Yuhan University
Yuhan University is a private college in Sosa-gu, Bucheon City, Gyeonggi Province, South Korea.  The current president is Kwon-Hyun Lee.  It offers technical training in a variety of fields.  The college's academic offerings are divided under five general divisions:  Mechanical Engineering Division, Electrical and Electronic Engineering Division, Design Division, Computer and Management Division, and Social Affairs Division.

Ilhan New
Yu Il-hyeong (Korean: 유일한; RR: Yu Ilhan, January 15, 1895 – March 11, 1971), commonly known in English-language sources as Ilhan New, was a Korean independence activist and entrepreneur. He was the founder of La Choy Food Products in the United States, and the South Korean pharmaceutical company Yuhan.
Sione Kite
Sione Kite (born 14 January 1988), also known as John Kite is an Australian rugby league footballer for the Thirlmere Roosters in the Group 6 Rugby League. He previously played for the Canterbury-Bankstown Bulldogs and Melbourne Storm in the National Rugby League and the Widnes Vikings in the Super League. He primarily plays prop and second-row.

NRL Under-20s
The NRL Under-20s (known commercially as the Holden Cup due to sponsorship from Holden) was the top league of professional rugby league for players aged 20 years or younger in Australasia. Contested by sixteen teams, the Under-20s competition commenced in 2008 and was originally known as the Toyota Cup. The competition runs parallel to Australasia's professional competition, the National Rugby League, with NYC matches played immediately prior to the NRL games. Similar to the NRL, the NYC enforces a salary cap and puts a heavy focus on life outside football for the players.

The New Zealand Warriors were the most successful club in the competition's short history, with three premierships from four Grand Final appearances; in 2010, 2011 and 2014. In 2018, the NRL Under-20s was replaced by state-based under-20s competitions in New South Wales and Queensland.
Jonathan Cockcroft
Jonathan Richard Cockcroft (born 28 May 1977) is an English former first-class cricketer.

Cockcroft was born in Bradford in May 1977. He later studied at Oriel College at the University of Oxford. While studying at Oxford, he played first-class cricket for Oxford University in 1997 and 1998, making three appearances against Essex, Sussex and Hampshire. He scored a total of 19 runs in these matches, in addition to bowling 20 wicket-less overs with his leg break bowling. Cockcroft is currently employed as Chief Executive of Bowls England, having also been Commercial Director of England Hockey.

Over (cricket)
In cricket, an over consists of six legal deliveries bowled from one end of a cricket pitch to the player batting at the other end, almost always by a single bowler.

A maiden over is an over in which no runs are scored that count against the bowler (so leg byes and byes may be scored as they are not counted against the bowler). A wicket maiden is a maiden over in which a wicket is also taken. Similarly, double and triple wicket maidens are when two and three wickets are taken in a maiden over.

After six deliveries the umpire calls 'over'; the fielding team switches ends, and a different bowler is selected to bowl from the opposite end. The captain of the fielding team decides which bowler will bowl any given over, and no bowler may bowl two overs in succession.
Roger Pomerleau
Roger Pomerleau (June 7, 1947 – December 21, 2023) was a Canadian politician and carpenter. He served as a member of Parliament from 1993 to 1997 and again from 2008 to 2011.

Born in Montreal, Quebec, Pomerleau was elected in the Anjou—Rivière-des-Prairies riding under the Bloc Québécois party in the 1993 federal election, thus serving in the 35th Canadian Parliament. He was defeated by Liberal candidate Yvon Charbonneau in the 1997 federal election. He returned to the House of Commons as a Bloc Québécois member following the 2008 federal election in which he won the Drummond electoral district. In the 2011 federal election Pomerleau was defeated by New Democratic Party candidate François Choquette.

Pomerleau died on December 21, 2023, at the age of 76.

Drummond (federal electoral district)
Drummond (Canadian French: [dʁɔmɔnd]) is a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that has been represented in the House of Commons since 1968. It was created in 1966 from Drummond—Arthabaska, Nicolet—Yamaska and Richmond—Wolfe.

Since 2019 its Member of Parliament (MP) has been Martin Champoux of the Bloc Québécois (BQ).
Sędki, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Sędki [ˈsɛntki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ełk, within Ełk County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) east of Ełk and 131 km (81 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Ełk County
Ełk County (Polish: powiat ełcki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in the Warmian–Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and only town is Ełk, which lies 123 kilometres (76 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

The county covers an area of 1,111.87 square kilometres (429.3 sq mi). As of 2019, Ełk County's total population was 91,446, with the town of Ełk having a population of 62,006.