hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mount Tzouhalem
Mount Tzouhalem is a mountain on Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, 4 kilometres east-northeast of Duncan in the municipality of North Cowichan. It is situated between Quamichan Lake, Maple Bay and Cowichan Bay.

The mountain is part of the municipal forest lands. Part of the mountain is an 18-hectare ecological reserve. It is popular with hikers and mountain bikers. It gives views towards Saltspring Island, the Coastal Mountains of the Lower Mainland and, on a clear day, Mount Baker in Washington state.

There was a large Christian cross on one cliffside. The original wooden cross, placed by local Catholic churches in the 1970s, was replaced by the Knights of Columbus with a welded version in the late 1980s. In the night from July 16th to July 17th 2021, unknown individuals removed the cross for unknown reasons.

Quamichan Lake
Quamichan Lake is a lake in the Cowichan Valley region of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada, located three kilometres to the northeast of the City of Duncan.

Quamichan Lake and its sister Somenos Lake were created 11,000 years ago by receding glaciers. Both lakes contribute to Cowichan River. Quamichan Lake's outflow is Quamichan Creek which joins with Somenos Creek, the outflow from Somenos Lake, which flows to Cowichan River.

The Cowichan Watershed Board identifies a common set of conditions for both shallow lakes:

excessive nutrient loading from the farms and homes which surround the lakes

insufficient "flushing" in summer due to reduced inflows and truncated outflows

increased plant growth ("algae-blooms"), and

eutrophication (reduced oxygen as the vegetation decomposes)

intensified warming

In autumn 2016, the lake's algae received public attention after news coverage of its killing at least four dogs.
Military history of South America
The military history of South America can be divided into two major periods – pre- and post-Columbian – divided by the entrance of European forces to the region. The sudden introduction of steel, gunpowder weapons and horses into the Americas would revolutionize warfare. Within the post-Columbian period, the events of the early 19th century, when almost all of South America was marked by wars of independence, also forms a natural historical juncture. Throughout its history, South America has had distinct military features: it has been geographically separated from many major military powers by large oceans; its unique terrain has imposed major logistical challenges, and privileged naval lines of communications.

Since the 1940s, the region has avoided wars between its states; see South American Long Peace.

Moche culture
The Moche civilization (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmotʃe]; alternatively, the Moche culture or the Early, Pre- or Proto-Chimú) flourished in northern Peru from about 100 to 800 AD, during the Regional Development Epoch. The capital of a Southern Moche polity was near present-day Moche, Trujillo, Peru, with several other, possibly independent, regions under Moche influence.

Many scholars contend that the Moche were not politically organized as a monolithic empire or state. Rather, they were likely a group of autonomous polities that shared a common culture, as seen in the rich iconography and monumental architecture that survives today.
Ichneutica lithias
Ichneutica lithias is a moth of the family Noctuidae. This species is endemic to New Zealand. It is a small moth but distinctive as a result of the markings on its forewings. Although this species is widespread in the South Island, it has only been collected in the Rangipo Desert in the North Island. The species prefers habitat that is scrubland ranging in altitude from coastal to alpine. Adults are on the wing from October to April and larvae have been collected and reared on the New Zealand endemic plant species Melicytus alpinus.

Rangipo Desert
Te Onetapu (Māori: [tɛˌɔnɛˈtaˌpʉ]), commonly known as the Rangipo Desert (Māori: [ˌɾaŋiˌpɔː]), is a barren desert-like environment located in New Zealand, located in the Ruapehu District on the North Island Volcanic Plateau; to the east of the three active peaks of Mount Tongariro, Mount Ngauruhoe, and Mount Ruapehu, and to the west of the Kaimanawa Range.
Radical cation
Radical cations are denoted .  Salts of these species have been isolated in the cases of dibenzocyclooctatetraene, various tertiary amines, and some polymethylated derivatives of azulene. Radical cations, like radical anions, have one unpaired electron, i.e. they are paramagnetic.

Azulene
Azulene is an aromatic organic compound and an isomer of naphthalene. Naphthalene is colourless, whereas azulene is dark blue. The compound is named after its colour, as "azul" is Spanish for blue. Two terpenoids, vetivazulene (4,8-dimethyl-2-isopropylazulene) and guaiazulene (1,4-dimethyl-7-isopropylazulene), that feature the azulene skeleton are found in nature as constituents of pigments in mushrooms, guaiac wood oil, and some marine invertebrates.

Azulene has a long history, dating back to the 15th century as the azure-blue chromophore obtained by steam distillation of German chamomile. The chromophore was discovered in yarrow and wormwood and named in 1863 by Septimus Piesse. Its structure was first reported by Lavoslav Ružička, followed by its organic synthesis in 1937 by Placidus Plattner.
The Wicked Earl
The Wicked Earl is a 1927 comedy play by the British-American writer Walter Hackett. A British earl travels to New Mexico to find out more about his heritage.

It ran for 31 performances at His Majesty's Theatre in London's West End. The original cast included Cyril Maude, Alfred Drayton, Marion Lorne, Joyce Kennedy, Stella Arbenina, George Bellamy, O.B. Clarence and Sam Livesey.

George Bellamy (actor)
George Bellamy (10 July 1866 – 26 December 1944) was an English film actor of the silent era. He spent eighteen years on the stage before making his film debut in Wanted - A Husband. He appeared in 70 films between 1911 and 1933. He also directed two films in 1917. He was born in Bristol, England.
1842 Newfoundland general election
The 1842 Newfoundland general election was held on December 20, 1842 to elect the members of the 3rd General Assembly of Newfoundland in the Newfoundland Colony. The original constitution was suspended following conflict between the House of Assembly and the Legislative Council, and Governor John Harvey combined the two legislatures into an amalgamated assembly.

Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly
The Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly (French: Chambre d'assemblée de Terre-Neuve-et-Labrador) is the unicameral deliberative assembly of the General Assembly of Newfoundland and Labrador of the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It meets in the Confederation Building in St. John's. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Newfoundland and Labrador, in the name of the Sovereign.

The governing party sits on the left side of the speaker of the House of Assembly as opposed to the traditional right side of the speaker. This tradition dates back to the 1850s as the heaters in the Colonial Building were located on the left side. Thus, the government chose to sit near the heat, and leave the opposition sitting in the cold.
DOST–PAGASA Mindanao Planetarium
The DOST–PAGASA Mindanao Planetarium, also known as the MPRSD Planetarium, is a planetarium in El Salvador, Misamis Oriental, Philippines. It is under the Mindanao PAGASA Regional Services Division (MPRSD) of PAGASA of the Department of Science and Technology (DOST). It is the first planetarium in Mindanao.

Misamis Oriental
Misamis Oriental (Cebuano: Sidlakang Misamis; Maranao: Sebangan Misamis; Filipino: Silangang Misamis), officially the Province of Misamis Oriental, is a province located in the region of Northern Mindanao in the Philippines. Its capital and largest city is Cagayan de Oro, the regional center of Northern Mindanao, which is geographically grouped but governed independently from the province.
Turukhan
The Turukhan (Russian: Турух́ан) is a river in northern Krasnoyarsk Krai in Russia. It is a southeast-flowing left tributary of the Yenisey. The river is 639 kilometres (397 mi) long. The area of its basin is 35,800 square kilometres (13,800 sq mi). The Turukhan freezes up in October and stays under the ice until late May or the first half of June. Its main tributaries are the Usomchik, Bolshaya Bludnaya, Verkhnyaya Baikha and Nizhnyaya Baikha from the right and Makovskaya from the left. Its mouth is 20 kilometres (12 mi) downstream from Turukhansk, where the Lower Tunguska joins the Yenisei.  The river is navigable for about 288 kilometres (179 mi) from its mouth to the settlement of Yanov Stan. It was part of the canoe route from the Gulf of Ob – Taz – Turukhan – Yenisey – Nizhnyaya Tunguska – Yakutsk (see Siberian River Routes).  The uncompleted Salekhard–Igarka Railway from the Ob to the Yenisey was planned to cross the Turukhan at Yanov Stan.

Gulf of Ob
The Gulf of Ob (Russian: Обская губа, romanized: Obskaya guba), also known as the Bay of Ob (Russian: Обский залив, romanized: Obsky zaliv), is a bay of the Arctic Ocean, located in northern Russia at the mouth of the Ob River. It is the world's longest estuary.
Laceby
Laceby is a village and civil parish in North East Lincolnshire, England. It is situated on the A46 road, just outside the western boundary of Grimsby. Laceby's population at the 2001 Census was 2,886, increasing to 3,259 at the 2011 Census.  The village is noted for its parish church of St Margaret's, parts of which date to the 12th century.

Margaret the Virgin
Margaret, known as Margaret of Antioch in the West, and as Saint Marina the Great Martyr (Ancient Greek: Ἁγία Μαρίνα) in the East, is celebrated as a saint on 20 July in Western Christianity, on 30th of July (Julian calendar) by the Eastern Orthodox Church, and on Epip 23 and Hathor 23 in the Coptic Orthodox Church. The teenage Margaret is said to have been tortured and beheaded when she refused to renounce Christianity and give her virginity to a Roman official in the 4th century. She was reputed to have promised very powerful indulgences to those who wrote or read her life or invoked her intercessions; these no doubt helped the spread of her following. Margaret is one of the Fourteen Holy Helpers in Roman Catholic tradition.
Australian Superkart Championship
The Australian Superkart Championship is a motor racing series run in Australia under the auspices of Motorsport Australia and AASA under their Superkart regulations. The karts race on full-size Australian circuits and in 2013 the series was raced at Sydney Motorsport Park and Phillip Island Grand Prix Circuit. As of 2007 the series has raced as part of the Shannons Nationals Motor Racing Championships. The series is one of nine that enjoy full CAMS Australian Championship status.

National titles have also been run by other sanctioning organisations over the years as one-off events.

Australian Auto Sport Alliance
The Australian Auto-Sport Alliance (AASA) is an organisation that promotes and administers motorsport in Australia founded in 2003. The AASA formed due to dissatisfaction with the governing body of Australian motorsport, the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport (CAMS, now Motorsport Australia), and organises race meetings independent of Motorsport Australia. A wholly owned subsidiary of the Benalla Auto Club, who also own Winton Motor Raceway, the association sanctions motor sport in various categories.
Matt Greenhalgh
Matthew Greenhalgh is an English screenwriter from Manchester. He is best known for writing the screenplays of several biopic films, including Control (2007), Nowhere Boy (2009), Film Stars Don't Die in Liverpool (2017), and Back to Black (2024). He has received five BAFTA nominations, winning once for Most Promising Newcomer for Control—which also earned him an Evening Standard British Film Award for Best Screenplay.

Queer as Folk (British TV series)
Queer as Folk is a 1999 British television series that chronicles the lives of three gay men living in Manchester's gay village around Canal Street. Initially running for eight episodes, a two-part follow up was shown in 2000. It was written by Russell T Davies and produced by Red Production Company for Channel 4.
Pedro Noguera
Pedro Noguera (born August 7, 1959) is the Emery Stoops and Joyce King Stoops Dean of the University of Southern California's Rossier School of Education. He is recognized as a leading scholar of urban public education, equity, and school reform.

Noguera holds a B.A. and M.A. in sociology and a teaching credential from Brown University and a Ph.D. in sociology from the University of California, Berkeley.

USC Rossier School of Education
The USC Rossier School of Education is one of the graduate schools of the University of Southern California. Rossier offers six master's degree programs, a Doctor of Education in Organizational Change and Leadership (Ed.D.) degree, a Global Executive Doctor of Education (Ed.D.) and a Ph.D. in Urban Education Policy. Rossier also offers online programs including a master's in teaching English to speakers of other languages, an online Ed.D., an online master's in school counseling, and an online master of arts in teaching. Rossier places an emphasis on the study of urban education locally, nationally and globally. The school also houses the USC Language Academy and the Office of Professional Development.
Battle of Sculeni
The Battle of Sculeni was fought on 29 June 1821 in Sculeni, Moldavia between Ottoman forces and the Greek revolutionary forces raised by the Filiki Eteria led by Prince George Katakouzenos. The battle came about as the result of Ottoman reprisals for Alexander Ypsilantis' expedition in the two Danubian Principalities, and followed in the aftermath of the Battle of Drăgășani.  When the Ottomans crossed the Bahlui River in Iaşi on 25 June 1821, Lieutenant Catakouzenos and his forces, originally stationed on the Russian frontier, crossed the Prut River.

Bahlui
The Bahlui is the largest river of the city of Iași, in eastern Romania. It is a right tributary of the river Jijia. Its name is derived from Cuman and it means "muddy river". The Bahlui has a length of 119 km and a catchment area of 1967 km2. The average discharge is about 4.88 m3/s.

Its spring is located at an altitude of 500 metres in the Tudora Comune, Botoșani County, in the eastern part of Suceava Plateau. It flows through the Jijia Plain, from north-west toward south-east and through the cities of Hârlău (formerly named after the river: Târgul Bahluiului)  and Iași. It flows into the Jijia in Tomești, east of Iași. The quality of its waters is rather low, due to spills of industrial plants, especially in Iași. The Pârcovaci and Tansa-Belcești reservoirs are located on the river Bahlui.
Ikolo
Ikolo is an administrative ward in the Kyela district of the Mbeya Region of Tanzania. In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 5,665 people in the ward, from 5,140 in 2012.: 96 : 114

Mbeya Region
Mbeya Region (Mkoa wa Mbeya in Swahili) is one of Tanzania's 31 administrative regions. The region covers an area of 35,954 km2 (13,882 sq mi). The region is comparable in size to the combined land area of the nation state of Guinea Bissau. Mbeya Region is bordered to the east by Singida Region, Iringa Region and Njombe Region. The region is bordered to the south by Malawi and Lake Nyasa. To the north the region borders southern Tabora Region. Lastly, Mbeya is bordered to the west by Songwe Region. The regional capital is the city of Mbeya. According to the 2022 national census, the region had a population of 2,343,754.
Vu T. Thu Ha
Vu T. Thu Ha is an interdisciplinary artist who works primarily in film, photography and conceptual art.

Vu is an artist with a diverse background, having studied film, photography, and sculpture at the San Francisco Art Institute, wood technology and fine furniture building at Laney College in Oakland, and music and studio art at the University of North Carolina.

Vu's 2006 feature film Kieu, running time 74 minutes, in English, with Vietnamese dialogue, was inspired by Vietnamese epic poem Truyen Kieu (The Tale of Kieu), by Nguyen Du. Kieu premiered in March 2006 at the San Francisco International Asian American Film Festival.

Vu is also the director of 16mm films Each Night (2001) and Shut Up White Boy (2002). Shut Up White Boy, a comedic film that screened nationally and internationally, is about a young white man with an Asian fetish who "gets his cumuppence when the diner's staff of asian dykes decide on taking creative revenge."

16 mm film
16 mm film is a historically popular and economical gauge of film. 16 mm refers to the width of the film (about 2⁄3 inch); other common film gauges include 8 mm and 35 mm. It is generally used for non-theatrical (e.g., industrial, educational, television) film-making, or for low-budget motion pictures. It also existed as a popular amateur or home movie-making format for several decades, alongside 8 mm film and later Super 8 film. Eastman Kodak released the first 16 mm "outfit" in 1923, consisting of a Ciné-Kodak camera, Kodascope projector, tripod, screen and splicer, for US$335 (equivalent to US$6,330 in 2025).: 334  RCA-Victor introduced a 16 mm sound movie projector in 1932, and developed an optical sound-on-film 16 mm camera, released in 1935.: 231
WFA: King of the Streets
WFA: King of the Streets was a mixed martial arts event held by the World Fighting Alliance on July 22, 2006 at the Great Western Forum in Inglewood, California, USA. This would be the last event held by the World Fighting Alliance. The event was seen live on pay per view in the United States via iN DEMAND, and is the only fight in the 21st century to feature former UFC champion Bas Rutten. Rutten's win over Warpath capped a 22 fight win streak, dating back to 1995, to end his career.

In Demand
In Demand (stylized as iN DEMAND) was an American cable television service which provided video on demand services, including pay-per-view. Comcast, Cox Communications, and Charter Communications (with former independent companies Time Warner Cable and Bright House Networks) jointly operated the service.
Atenaide (Vivaldi)
Atenaide (RV 702) is an opera by Antonio Vivaldi to a revised edition of a 1709 libretto by Apostolo Zeno for Caldara. It was first performed at the Teatro della Pergola in Florence on 29 December 1728 for the 1729 Carnival season.

Apostolo Zeno
Apostolo Zeno (11 December 1668 – 11 November 1750) was a Venetian poet, dramatist and scholar, known for his contributions to the development of opera seria and his role in the early eighteenth-century Italian literary scene.
Mir-281 microRNA precursor family
In molecular biology, mir-281 microRNA is a short RNA molecule. MicroRNAs function to regulate the expression levels of other genes by several mechanisms. mir-281 is found in an intron of the Drosophila ornithine decarboxylase antizyme (ODA) gene. Using the RACE technique the pri-miRNA was shown to be 2,149 nucleotides in length. The expression level of the microRNA was found to be independent of the level of ODA.

Intron
An intron is any nucleotide sequence within a gene that is not expressed or operative in the final RNA product. The word intron is derived from the term intragenic region, i.e., a region inside a gene. The term intron refers to both the DNA sequence within a gene and the corresponding RNA sequence in RNA transcripts. The non-intron sequences that become joined by this RNA processing to form the mature RNA are called exons.

Introns are found in the genes of most eukaryotes and many eukaryotic viruses, and they can be located in both protein-coding genes and genes that function as RNA (noncoding genes). There are four main types of introns: tRNA introns, group I introns, group II introns, and spliceosomal introns (see below). Introns are rare in Bacteria and Archaea (prokaryotes).
Marshall County, Iowa
Marshall County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 40,105, and was estimated to be 40,392 in 2024. The county seat and largest city is Marshalltown. The county was formed on January 13, 1846, and named after John Marshall, Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Court. Marshall County comprises the Marshalltown, Iowa Micropolitan Statistical Area. In 2010, the center of population of Iowa was located in Marshall County, near Melbourne.

Center of population
In demographics, the center of population (or population center) of a region is a geographical point that describes a centerpoint of the region's population.  There are several ways of defining such a "center point", leading to different geographical locations; these are often confused.
Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition
Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) is a chemical vapor deposition process used to deposit thin films from a gas state (vapor) to a solid state on a substrate. Chemical reactions are involved in the process, which occur after creation of a plasma of the reacting gases. The plasma is generally created by radio frequency (RF) alternating current (AC) frequency or direct current (DC) discharge between two electrodes, the space between which is filled with the reacting gases.

Substrate (materials science)
Substrate is a term used in materials science and engineering to describe the base material on which processing is conducted. Surfaces have different uses, including producing new film or layers of material and being a base to which another substance is bonded.
Zgornji Log
Zgornji Log (pronounced [ˈzɡoːɾnji ˈloːk]; in older sources also Gorenji Log, German: Oberlog) is a settlement on the left bank of the Sava River in the Municipality of Litija in central Slovenia. The railway line from Ljubljana to Zidani Most runs through the settlement and crosses the Sava just north of the settlement core. The area is part of the traditional region of Upper Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Sava Statistical Region.

Zidani Most
Zidani Most (pronounced [ˈziːdani ˈmoːst]; German: Steinbrück) is a settlement in the Municipality of Laško in eastern Slovenia. It lies at the confluence of the Sava and Savinja rivers. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Savinja Statistical Region. It is an important railway station and junction.
Jitu Somani
Jitu Kantilal Somani (born 1959) is an Indian politician from Gujarat. He is a member of the Gujarat Legislative Assembly from Wankaner Assembly constituency in Morbi district. He won the 2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election representing the Bharatiya Janata Party.

2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election
Legislative Assembly elections were held in Gujarat from 1 to 5 December 2022 in two phases, to elect 182 members of 15th Gujarat Legislative Assembly. The votes were counted and the results were declared on 8 December 2022.

The Bharatiya Janata Party won a landslide victory  of 156 seats, the most ever won by any party in Gujarat's history. No other political party could win enough seats to be recognised as official opposition in the state. The Indian National Congress fell to its lowest count in the state for 3 decades, and the Aam Aadmi Party gained five seats.
Vriend
Vriend is a Dutch surname meaning "friend". Notable people with the surname include:

Ann Vriend, Canadian singer-songwriter and pianist

Bep Vriend (born 1946), Dutch contract bridge player

Cor Vriend (born 1949), Dutch long-distance runner

Delwin Vriend (born 1966), Canadian activist

Harry Vriend (born 1938), Dutch water polo player

Jan Vriend (born 1938), Dutch composer, conductor and pianist

Wim Vriend (1941–2021), Dutch water polo player

Delwin Vriend
Delwin Vriend is a Canadian man who was at the center of a landmark provincial and federal legal case, Vriend v. Alberta, concerning the inclusion of sexual orientation as a protected human right in Canada.