hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Elizabeth Shane
Gertrude Elizabeth Heron Shane (née Hine;  5 February 1877 – 19 March 1951) was an Irish poet, playwright and violinist born in Belfast and who lived much of her life in County Donegal.
Among her best-known works is "Wee Hughie", a poem about a boy's first day at school.

Lists of violinists
The following lists of violinists are available on Wikipedia:

List of classical violinists

List of contemporary classical violinists

List of jazz violinists

List of popular music violinists

List of Indian violinists

List of Persian violinists

List of electric violinists

List of fiddlers

List of female violinists
Reidar Hedman
Lennart Reidar Armas Hedman (17 June 1896 Vanaja – 26 October 1961 in Tullinge, Stockholm County, Sweden) was a Finnish educator, eugenicist and far-right politician. He had a master's degree in philosophy. He had studied genetics at the University of Helsinki under Harry Federley.

Reidar Hedman was the director of the Perttula Education Institute for the Feeble-Minded, the first Finnish-language developmental disability institution founded by his father Edvin Hedman, in 1927–1944. Hedman specialized in eugenics and racial hygiene and supported a comprehensive forced sterilization program for the mentally handicapped. Hedman believed that human intelligence was the basis of all spiritual life and could not be elevated through education, for example.

Racial hygiene
The term racial hygiene was used to describe an approach to eugenics in the early 20th century, which found its most extensive implementation in Nazi Germany (Nazi eugenics). It was marked by efforts to avoid miscegenation, analogous to an animal breeder seeking purebred animals. This was often motivated by the pseudoscientific belief in the existence of a racial hierarchy and the related fear that "lower races" would "contaminate" a "higher" one. As with most eugenicists at the time, racial hygienists believed that the lack of eugenics would lead to rapid social degeneration, the decline of civilization by the spread of inferior characteristics.

Like eugenics, racial hygiene was largely discredited and abandoned following World War II.
Robin Thorne (cricketer)
Robin Kidger Thorne (4 April 1930 – 20 April 2017) was a South African cricketer. He played in 44 first-class matches, mostly for Border, from 1948–49 to 1964–65.

Thorne was a right-arm pace bowler and useful lower-order batsman. His best first-class bowling figures were 8 for 101 against the touring New Zealanders in 1961–62. His best figures in the Currie Cup were 7 for 40 against Rhodesia in 1959–60. His only century came against Orange Free State in 1962–63, when he scored exactly 100.

In his first first-class match, aged 18, against the touring MCC in 1948–49, Thorne's first wicket was of Len Hutton, bowled. In his last first-class match, 16 years later, also against a touring MCC team, his last first-class wicket was of Mike Brearley, also bowled.

Thorne coached for many years in South Africa, much of the time in the black townships, before settling in England.

Bowled
In cricket, the term bowled has several meanings. First, it is the act of propelling the ball towards the wicket defended by a batter.

Second, it is a method of dismissing a batter, by hitting the wicket with a ball delivered by the bowler. (The term "bowled out" is sometimes used instead.)

Third, it is used in scoring to indicate which bowler is credited with dismissing a batter, when the batter is dismissed by being bowled, leg before wicket (LBW), caught, stumped, or hit wicket.
Manika Batra
Manika Batra (born 15 June 1995) is an Indian table tennis player. She is a triple gold medalist at the South Asian Games, a double gold medalist at the Commonwealth Games, and a bronze medalist at the Asian Games, Asian Championships, and Asian Cup. She is India's number two in women and her world rank is 27 as of Nov 2024.

Batra is the first Indian woman to have won a bronze at the Asian Cup. She is one of the players who uses a long pimple rubber. She was honored with the Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna in 2020.

Asian Table Tennis Championships
The Asian Table Tennis Championships is a biennial table tennis tournament that the International Table Tennis Federation regards as a continental championship. From 1952 to 1972, the tournament was organized by the Table Tennis Federation of Asia. The Asian Table Tennis Union started its own Asian Championships due to a split between national table tennis associations in Asia.
2012 All Japan Indoor Tennis Championships – Doubles
Dominik Meffert and Simon Stadler were the defending champions but decided not to participate.
Sanchai Ratiwatana and Sonchat Ratiwatana won the title, defeating Hsieh Cheng-peng and Lee Hsin-han 7–6(9–7), 6–3 in the final.

Sonchat Ratiwatana
Sonchat Ratiwatana (Thai: สนฉัตร รติวัฒน์, pronounced [sǒn.t͡ɕʰàt rá(ʔ).tī.wát]), nicknamed Ton (ต้น, [tôn]; born January 23, 1982, in Bangkok) is a professional tennis player from Thailand. In 2007, Sonchat and his twin brother Sanchai Ratiwatana won their first ATP doubles title in Bangkok in their home country. In the final, the team beat 2007 Wimbledon men's doubles winner Michaël Llodra and 2007 U.S. Open men's doubles semifinalist Nicolas Mahut. He reached his highest doubles ranking at world number 39 as of 28 April 2008. He plays right-handed and turned professional in 2004. He and his twin brother played in their first grand slam tournament during the Australian Open in 2008,  where they lost to the eventual finalist pairing of Arnaud Clément & Michaël Llodra of France in the first round.
Robert Souter
Robert Souter (5 January 1905 — 1 January 1976) was a New Zealand international rugby union player.

Born in Cambusnethan, Scotland, Souter immigrated to New Zealand as a teenager in 1919.

Souter was a forward, short but sturdy and fast in the open. He played his club rugby for the Dunedin-based Alhambra and competed for Otago at provincial level, gaining 26 caps. In 1929, Souter won All Blacks selection as a hooker on the tour of Australia, where he made four uncapped appearances.

Cambusnethan
Cambusnethan is a historic parish in North Lanarkshire in Scotland. The largest settlement in the parish is Wishaw, and Cambusnethan now appears on maps as a village almost contiguous with Wishaw. The village is approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) long, straddling both sides of the A722 road on a hill overlooking Wishaw.
Euceraea
Euceraea is a genus of flowering plants in the family Salicaceae. The genus is native to north South America throughout the North Region of Brazil, Colombia, Guyana, Suriname, and Venezuela.

Previously it was treated in the family Flacourtiaceae but was moved along with its close relatives to the Salicaceae based on analyses of DNA data. Euceraea is closely related to the genera Casearia and Neoptychocarpus, but differs in its inflorescences of composite spikes. One species, Euceraea rheophytica, is a rheophyte.

In 2022, Euceraea became a synonym of the genus Casearia, though many sources still consider the genus separate.

North Region, Brazil
The North Region of Brazil (Portuguese: Região Norte do Brasil [ʁeʒiˈɐ̃w ˈnɔʁtʃi du bɾaˈziw]) is the largest region of Brazil, accounting for 45.27% of the national territory. It has the second-lowest population of any region in the country, and accounts for a minor percentage of the national GDP. The region is slightly larger than India and slightly smaller than the whole European Union. It comprises the states of Acre, Amapá, Amazonas, Pará, Rondônia, Roraima, and Tocantins.

It has the lowest population density out of all the regions of Brazil, with only 4.5 inhabitants per km2. Most of the population is centered in urban areas.

Belém International Airport and Manaus International Airport connect the North Region with many Brazilian cities and also operate some international flights. The region is home to the Federal University of Amazonas and the Federal University of Pará, among others.
Politics of Northern Nigeria
The government of Northern Nigeria was modelled after the Westminster system. A premier acts as head of government and presides over the day-to-day affairs of government, while a governor acts as head of state and commander-in-chief of the constabulary. The Lower house of parliament, called the House of Assembly, is composed of elected representatives from the various provinces of the country. The Upper house of parliament, called the House of Chiefs, is similar to the British House of Lords. It is composed of unelected emirs of the various Native Authority Councils of the nation's provinces. Before 1963, the Queen of the United Kingdom served as the sovereign of Northern Nigeria.

Westminster system
The Westminster system, or Westminster model, is a type of parliamentary government modelled on that of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Key aspects of the system include an executive branch made up of members of the legislature which is responsible to the legislature, the presence of parliamentary opposition parties, and a ceremonial head of state who is separate from the head of government. The term derives from the Palace of Westminster, the seat of the British parliament. The Westminster system can be contrasted with the presidential system, which originated in the United States, and with the semi-presidential system based on the government of France.

The Westminster system is used, or was once used, in the national and subnational legislatures of most former colonies of the British Empire upon gaining self-government, beginning with the Province of Canada in 1848. However, many former colonies have since adopted other forms of government.
Karin Lin-Greenberg
Karin Lin-Greenberg is an American fiction writer. Her short story collection, Faulty Predictions (2014), won the Flannery O'Connor Award for Short Fiction. Her stories have appeared in The Antioch Review, Bellevue Literary Review, Berkeley Fiction Review, Epoch, Kenyon Review Online, New Ohio Review, the North American Review, and Redivider. She is currently an associate professor of English at Siena College in Loudonville, New York. She has previously taught at Missouri State University, the College of Wooster, and Appalachian State University. She earned an MFA in Fiction Writing from the University of Pittsburgh in 2006, an MA in Literature and Writing from Temple University in 2003, and a BA in English from Bryn Mawr College.

Berkeley Fiction Review
Berkeley Fiction Review is an American literary magazine founded in 1981 and based at the University of California, Berkeley.  Stories that have appeared in the Berkeley Fiction Review have been reprinted in The Best American Short Stories and the Pushcart Prize anthology. The Berkeley Fiction Review sponsors an annual Sudden Fiction Contest.
Doug Phillips (rugby)
Douglas Versailles Phillips (28 June 1919 – 28 April 2000) was a Welsh rugby union, and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1940s and 1950s. He played representative level rugby union for Glamorgan (two occasions), and at club level for Swansea RFC. Having switched codes to rugby league he played representative level rugby league for Great Britain and Wales; and at club level for Oldham and Belle Vue Rangers, as a second-row.

Glamorgan County RFC
Glamorgan County RFC is a Welsh rugby union club that manages an invitational team, known as Glamorgan that originally played rugby at county level. The team is made up of amateur players from sports clubs in the Glamorgan region and historically played matches against other county teams from Wales and England, and during the 20th century was a key fixture for touring international teams. Today the club manages Glamorgan's premier rugby union tournament, the Glamorgan County Silver Ball Trophy, and arranges invitational Glamorgan teams to face Welsh rugby clubs during celebrations, such as anniversaries.
Suwannee terrane
The Suwannee terrane, sometimes called the Tallahassee-Suwannee terrane, is a terrane, a block of continental crust, that originated on the edge of Gondwana, and now forms much of the Atlantic Coast of the Southeastern United States, underlying much of Florida and portions of Georgia, South Carolina and North Carolina, and the continental shelf along those states as far as Cape Lookout in North Carolina. The smaller Charleston terrane has been fused to the Suwannee terrane since they collided late in the Neoproterozoic era, about 550 millions years ago, and has shared its history since then.

Horst (geology)
In physical geography and geology, a horst is a raised fault block bounded by normal faults. Horsts are typically found together with grabens. While a horst is lifted or remains stationary, the grabens on either side subside. This is often caused by extensional forces pulling apart the crust. Horsts may represent features such as plateaus, mountains, or ridges on either side of a valley. Horsts can range in size from small fault blocks up to large regions of stable continent that have not been folded or warped by tectonic forces.

The word Horst, apart from being a common name, in general German refers to an "eagle's nest". The actual older meaning is "(wooded) hill top", "mass" or "heap", basically anything elevated. The term, as used in "Bergmannssprache", the special "language" of miners, was first adopted in the geological sense in 1883 by Eduard Suess in The Face of the Earth.
Red Love (1952 film)
Red Love (Italian: Amore rosso - Marianna Sirca)  is a 1952 Italian crime melodrama film directed by Aldo Vergano and starring Marina Berti, Massimo Serato and Guido Celano. It was shot at the Cinecittà Studios in Rome. The film's sets were designed by the art director Alberto Boccianti. It is an adaptation of the 1915 Sardinian-set novel Marianna Sirca by Grazia Deledda and is sometimes also known by this title. Location shooting took place around Aggius and Tempio in Gallura rather than the Nuoro setting of the novel. It was not a commercial success on its first release.

Tempio Pausania
Tempio Pausania (Italian pronunciation: [ˈtɛmpjo pauˈzaːnja] ⓘ; Gallurese: Tèmpiu) is a town and comune, which, along with Olbia, is a co-capital of the province of Gallura North-East Sardinia, Sardinia, Italy. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy"). It has 13,003 inhabitants.
Menstrual Man
Menstrual Man is a 2013 documentary film by Amit Virmani. The film tells the story of Arunachalam Muruganantham, an Indian social entrepreneur and inventor whose machines enable rural women to manufacture low-cost sanitary pads for their communities. It premiered at the 2013 Full Frame Documentary Film Festival, and was voted a Top Ten Audience Favourite at both Hot Docs and IDFA the same year. The film was nominated for Best Feature Documentary at the Asia Pacific Screen Awards.

Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival
The Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival is the largest documentary festival in North America. The event takes place annually in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. The 27th edition of the festival took place online throughout May and June 2020. In addition to the annual festival, Hot Docs owns and operates the Hot Docs Ted Rogers Cinema, administers multiple production funds, and runs year-round screening programs including Doc Soup and Hot Docs Showcase.
Len Trump
Leonard Charles Trump (23 April 1887 – 9 June 1948) was a Welsh international rugby union player, who later switched to professional rugby league. He played amateur club rugby predominantly for Newport, and played county rugby for Monmouthshire, and as a professional joined Hull Kingston Rovers.

Monmouthshire County RFC
Monmouthshire County RFC is a Welsh rugby union club that manages an invitational team, known as Monmouthshire that originally played rugby at county level. The team was made up of amateur players from sports clubs in the Monmouthshire region and historically played matches against other county teams from Wales and England, and during the 20th century was a fixture for touring international teams. Today clubs from the Monmouthshire region are still affiliated to Monmouthshire County RFC, as well as the Welsh Rugby Union.
Dave Murray (musician)
David Michael Murray (born 23 December 1956) is an English guitarist, best known as a member of the heavy metal band Iron Maiden. He joined Iron Maiden early in its history, and is the second-longest serving member of the band after founder Steve Harris. He and Harris are the only members of Iron Maiden to have appeared on all of the band's studio albums.

Growing up in London, Murray became interested in rock music at 15 and formed his first band Stone Free with neighborhood friend Adrian Smith. He regularly answered advertisements seeking guitar players in Melody Maker, before first auditioning for Iron Maiden in 1976. After a brief hiatus, Murray rejoined Iron Maiden in 1978 and remains with the band to the present day.

Floyd Rose
The Floyd Rose Locking Tremolo, or simply Floyd Rose, is a type of locking vibrato arm for a guitar. Floyd D. Rose invented the locking vibrato in 1976, the first of its kind, and it is now manufactured by a company of the same name. The Floyd Rose gained popularity in the 1980s through guitarists like Eddie Van Halen, Neal Schon, Brad Gillis, Joe Satriani, Steve Vai, and Alex Lifeson, who used its ability to stay in tune even with extreme changes in pitch. Its tuning stability comes through the double-locking design that has been widely regarded as revolutionary; the design has been listed on Guitar World's "10 Most Earth Shaking Guitar Innovations" and Guitar Player's "101 Greatest Moments in Guitar History 1979–1983."
The Look (album)
The Look is the seventh album by American R&B group Shalamar, released in 1983 on the SOLAR label. It is the last Shalamar album to feature the classic line-up of Jeffrey Daniel, Howard Hewett and Jody Watley, as both Daniel and Watley would leave the group shortly before its release. The album features the Grammy nominated hit single "Dead Giveaway".

The Look peaked at No. 13 on the R&B chart and No. 79 on the Billboard pop chart. Like Shalamar's previous album, Friends, it was more successful in the United Kingdom, where it reached No. 7. The Look was certified Gold in the UK.

Jeffrey Daniel
Jeffrey Glen Daniel (born August 24, 1955) is an American dancer, singer, songwriter, and choreographer, and a founding member of the R&B vocal group Shalamar. In Nigeria, he is best known as a judge on the first three seasons of Nigerian Idol.
2017 Nagaland Olympic Games
The 1st Nagaland Olympic Games was a multi-sport event held from 13 to 19 December 2017 in Dimapur. The participating delegations included 11 delegations from all districts under Nagaland. A total of 1,380 athletes from the 11 Districts of Nagaland competed in 12 sports and disciplines.

Kohima led the final medal tally, followed by Dimapur in second place, and Phek in third place. The Games was co-hosted by Chümoukedima.

Dimapur
Dimapur (/diməˈpʊər/) is the largest city and municipality in the Indian state of Nagaland. As of 2024 , the municipality had a population of 172,000. The city is the main gateway and commercial centre of Nagaland. It is located near the border with Assam, along the banks of the Dhansiri River. Its main railway station is the second busiest station in Northeast India. It was an important logistics and supply hub for the Allied forces during the Second World War.
Cyvirus anguillidallo1
Cyvirus anguillidallo1, also known as Anguillid herpesvirus 1 (AngHV-1) is a species of virus in the genus Cyprinivirus, family Alloherpesviridae, and order Herpesvirales.

Anguillid herpesvirus 1 has been known to infect several freshwater eel species, such as the Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica), European eel (A. anguilla), and more recently the American eel (A. rostrata), the Indonesian shortfin eel (A. bicolor), and the Giant mottled eel (A. marmorata). Because the isolates from European and Japanese eels are similar in both their genetics and their host's antibody response, the virus is considered to be a single species. The morbidity of AngHV-1 is relatively high, and although mortality rates are usually low, it can be significantly increased when infection is coupled with secondary infections. This virus is threatening to farmed and wild eel species worldwide.

Indonesian shortfin eel
The Indonesian shortfin eel (Anguilla bicolor bicolor) is a species of freshwater eel (Anguillidae) native to the Indo-Pacific, including East Africa along with South and Southeast Asia. Akin to other species of Anguilla, these eels are catadromous: juvenile stages migrate up from estuaries into river systems, where they metamorphose and grow into the adults. Adults eventually migrate out to sea, back to their offshore spawning grounds to reproduce. However, some individuals may not move into freshwater at all. Like most eels, they are carnivorous, hunting in the benthic regions of freshwater habitats.

A. bicolor is considered one of the most economically valuable eel species in Southeast Asia and has been increasingly fished since the late 2000s. The species is potentially at risk of being overexploited due to their rapid rise in demand, though there is scant information about their historical or current population trends.
Cold War (ice hockey)
The Cold War was a college ice hockey game played between U.S. college rivals Michigan State University (MSU) and the University of Michigan (U-M) on October 6, 2001. It set a then-world record for the largest crowd at an ice hockey game with 74,544.

Longtime rivals with the University of Michigan in hockey (and other sports), MSU decided not to play this contest at East Lansing's Munn Ice Arena, but instead set up the ice rink in the middle of the much larger Spartan Stadium, which they filled to 103.4% capacity. This meant that 74,544 packed the Big Ten football stadium (the home of the MSU football team) to watch the MSU Spartans and the U-M Wolverines skate to a 3–3 tie. Two 300-piece marching bands were present on field and the game was internationally televised. Country artist Shannon Brown sang during the second intermission.

Shannon Brown (singer)
Shannon Leigh Brown (born July 23, 1973) is an American country music singer from Spirit Lake, Iowa. Although she has recorded three albums on various labels, only one of these – 2006's Corn Fed — was released. In her career, she has charted four singles on the Billboard country charts, with her highest-charting single being a 2002 cover of Deborah Allen's "Baby I Lied," at number 40. She also contributed the song "Half a Man" to the soundtrack for the 1998 film Happy, Texas.
Kum-song
Kum-song, also spelled Geum-seong, is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Chang Kum-song (1977–2006), niece of North Korean leader Kim Jong-il

Ri Kum-song (born 1980), North Korean male marathon runner

Hwang Kum-song, North Korean swimmer, participant in Synchronized swimming at the 2006 Asian Games – Women's team

Seok Geum-seong, South Korean actress, recipient of the 1983 Special Achievement Award in the Korean Association of Film Critics Awards

Korean Association of Film Critics Awards
The Korean Association of Film Critics Awards (Korean: 한국영화평론가협회상), also known as the Critics Choice Awards (영평상), is an annual awards ceremony for excellence in film in South Korea. It was established in 1980 by the Korean Association of Film Critics (KAFC). The ceremony is usually held in November.