hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Long path laser
The Long Path laser was an early high energy infrared laser at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory used to study inertial confinement fusion. Long path was completed in 1972 and was the first ICF laser ever to use neodymium doped glass as the lasing medium. It was capable of delivering about 50 joules of light at 1,062 nm onto a target in ~10 ns pulses. It did not use spatial filters to smooth the beam after amplification stages and thus had a fairly poor beam quality. Long path was mostly used to investigate laser energy absorption in deuterated plastic targets.

Nanometre
The nanometre (international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures; SI symbol: nm), or nanometer (American spelling), is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to one billionth (short scale) or one thousand millionth (long scale) of a metre (0.000000001 m) and to 1000 picometres. One nanometre can be expressed in scientific notation as 1 × 10−9 m and as ⁠1/1000000000⁠ m.
Mohammed Uwais
Mohammed Lawal Uwais GCON (12 June 1936 – 6 June 2025) was a Nigerian jurist who served as the chief justice of the Supreme Court of Nigeria from 1995 to 2006. He chaired a commission that published a much-publicized report on electoral reform.

Uwais was the son of the Chief Alkali, and later Waziri of Zaria emirate.

Order of the Niger
The Order of the Niger (OON) is the second highest national award in Nigeria. It was instituted in 1963 and is junior to the Order of the Federal Republic (OFR), the highest order of merit in the country.
Horner Institute
The Horner Institute was a coeducational private school that operated between 1902 and 1913 at different locations in McDonald, Newton and Barry counties in southwest Missouri. The school was founded by J.Turner Horner (1866-1942) and offered instruction from the eighth grade through high school.

Newton County, Missouri
Newton County is a county located in the southwest portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,648. Its county seat is Neosho. The county was organized in 1838 and is named in honor of John Newton, a hero who fought in the Revolutionary War. Newton County is part of the Joplin metropolitan area.
Birmingham station (Michigan)
Birmingham was an Amtrak train station in Birmingham, Michigan, served by the Wolverine service.  The station was located on an embankment at the eastern end of Villa Road, and consisted of a concrete platform with a small shelter and wheelchair lift. On October 13, 2014, the station was closed and replaced by the Troy Transit Center, located about 1,200 feet (370 m) southeast on Doyle Drive in Troy, Michigan.

Historically, Birmingham had been a station for frequent Grand Trunk Western passenger service from Detroit to Pontiac and Durand. Until 1960 the GTW operated trains that went beyond Durand to Grand Rapids, on to Muskegon, where ferries could be boarded, for travelling across Lake Michigan, to Milwaukee. At Durand Union Station passengers could transfer the La Salle and the Inter-City Limited to Chicago, to the Inter-City Limited to Toronto and to mixed trains bound for Saginaw and Bay City.

Wheelchair lift
A wheelchair lift, also known as a platform lift, or vertical platform lift, is a fully powered device designed to raise a wheelchair and its occupant in order to overcome a step or similar vertical barrier.

Wheelchair lifts can be installed in homes or businesses and are often added to both private and public vehicles in order to meet accessibility requirements laid out by disability acts. These mobility devices are often installed in homes as an alternative to a stair lift, which only transport a passenger and not his/her wheelchair or mobility scooter.
Peggy Wright
Peggy Wright is a Canadian politician from the Alberta New Democratic Party who was elected as a Member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta for Edmonton-Beverly-Clareview in the 2023 Alberta general election. As of June 21, 2024, she serves as the Official Opposition critic for Labour and as the Deputy Chair of the Official Opposition caucus.

She was the party's provincial president of the youth wing. Wright has worked as a teacher for more than 20 years and prior to her election to the Legislature worked as an assistant principal.

2023 Alberta general election
The 2023 Alberta general election was held on May 29, 2023. Voters elected the members of the 31st Alberta Legislature. The United Conservative Party under Danielle Smith, the incumbent Premier of Alberta, was re-elected to a second term with a reduced majority. Across the province, 1,763,441 valid votes were cast in the election.

The writs of election were issued on May 1, triggering the campaign. This was the first election following 2021 amendments to Alberta's Election Act which had set the date of the election to the last Monday of May, subject to the lieutenant governor's usual authority to dissolve the legislature sooner in accordance with the conventions of the Westminster system.
Hula massacre
The Hula massacre took place between 31 October and 1 November 1948 in Hula, a village in Lebanon 3 km west of Kibbutz Manara, not far from the Litani River. It was captured on October 24 by the Carmeli Brigade of the Israel Defense Forces without any resistance. The women and children were expelled, most of the men aged between 15 and 60 were shot. In total between 35 and 58 men were executed in a house which was later blown up on top of them. One Israeli officer was tried and convicted by a military court and sentenced to seven years in prison, though this sentence was reduced to one year on appeal.

Litani River
The Litani River (Arabic: نهر الليطاني, romanized: Nahr al-Līṭānī), the classical Leontes (Ancient Greek: Λεόντης, romanized: Leóntes, lit. 'lion river'), known in medieval times as Līṭa (Arabic: نهر ليطا, romanized: Nahr Līṭā), is an important water resource in southern Lebanon. The river rises in the fertile Beqaa Valley, west of Baalbek, and empties into the Mediterranean Sea north of Tyre. Exceeding 140 kilometres (87 mi) in length, the Litani is the longest river that flows entirely in Lebanon and provides an average annual flow estimated at 920 million cubic meters (over 240 million Imperial gallons or 243 million U.S. gallons). The Litani provides a major source for water supply, irrigation and hydroelectricity both within Southern Lebanon, and the country as a whole.
Junko Nishimuro
Junko Nishimuro (西室淳子, Nishimuro Junko; born December 21, 1980 as Junko Sonobe) is a Japanese curler from Otsuki, Yamanashi. She is the second on the SC Karuizawa Club curling team, which is skipped by Miyu Ueno. At the international level, she represented Japan at the 2005 Pacific Curling Championships and the 2006 World Women's Curling Championship as a result of winning the 2005 Japan Curling Championships.

Ōtsuki, Yamanashi
Ōtsuki (大月市, Ōtsuki-shi) is a city located in Yamanashi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2023, the city had an estimated population of 21,835 in 10207 households, and a population density of 86 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 380.25 square kilometres (146.82 sq mi).
Sergei Suponev
Sergei Yevgenyevich Suponev (Russian: Серге́й Евге́ньевич Супо́нев; 28 January 1963   – 8 December 2001) was a TEFI-award winning Soviet and Russian television director, children's television presenter and a manager of children's programming on Channel One.

Television director
A television director is in charge of the activities involved in making a television program or section of a program. They are generally responsible for decisions about the editorial content and creative style of a program, and ensuring the producer's vision is delivered. Their duties may include selecting cast members, conduct rehearsals, work with set designers, location scouts and art directors, originating program ideas, finding contributors, writing scripts, planning 'shoots', ensuring safety, leading the crew on location, directing contributors and presenters, and working with editors and music supervisors to assemble and make sure the final product meets the producer and director's vision. The work of a television director can vary widely depending on the nature of the program, the practices of the production company, whether the program content is factual or drama, and whether it is live or recorded.
Custos Rotulorum of Brecknockshire
This is a list of people who have served as Custos Rotulorum of Brecknockshire.

Sir William Vaughan c. 1544

Sir Roger Vaughan bef. 1558–1571

Richard Price bef. 1573–1586/1587

Sir Robert Knollys bef. 1594 – aft. 1608

Sir Henry Williams 1617–1636

Henry Williams 1636–1642

Howell Gwynne 1642–1646

Interregnum

Sir William Lewis, Bt 1660–1677

Sir Thomas Williams, Bt 1677–1679

The Duke of Beaufort 1679–1689

Sir Rowland Gwynne 1689

The Earl of Macclesfield 1689–1694

The Lord Herbert of Chirbury 1695–1702

The Lord Ashburnham 1702–1710

The Lord Ashburnham 1710

The Lord Ashburnham 1710–1723

William Morgan 1723–1731

For later custodes rotulorum, see Lord Lieutenant of Brecknockshire.

Sir William Lewis, 1st Baronet
Sir William Lewis, 1st Baronet (26 March 1598 – November 1677) of Llangorse, Brecon and Bordean House, East Meon, Hampshire, supported the Parliamentary cause during the English Civil War. He sat in the House of Commons  variously between 1640 and 1677.
Coccomyces clavatus
Coccomyces clavatus is a species of foliicolous fungus found on fallen phylloclades of Phyllocladus alpinus in New Zealand.

The ascocarps are angular, up to 0.8 mm in diameter, forming within pale yellow lesions. The asci have a broad apex and the paraphyses are unbranched. This species is very similar to Coccomyces phyllocladi, found on the same host, and can only be distinguished by the smaller, clavate ascospores.

Phyllocladus alpinus
Phyllocladus alpinus, the mountain toatoa or mountain celery pine, is a species of conifer in the family Podocarpaceae. It is found only in New Zealand. The form of this plant ranges from a shrub to a small tree of up to seven metres in height. This species is found in both the North and South Islands. An example occurrence of P. alpinus is within the understory of beech/podocarp forests in the north part of South Island, New Zealand.

The species contains the flavan-3-ols catechin, epicatechin and phylloflavan (ent-epicatechin-3-δ-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-β-hydroxypentanoate).
Anatomical terms of bone
Many anatomical terms descriptive of bone are defined in anatomical terminology, and are often derived from Greek and Latin. Bone in the human body is categorized into long bone, short bone, flat bone, irregular bone and sesamoid bone.

Irregular bone
The irregular bones are bones which, from their peculiar form, cannot be grouped as long, short, flat or sesamoid bones. Irregular bones serve various purposes in the body, such as protection of nervous tissue (such as the vertebrae protect the spinal cord), affording multiple anchor points for skeletal muscle attachment (as with the sacrum), and maintaining pharynx and trachea support, and tongue attachment (such as the hyoid bone). They consist of cancellous tissue enclosed within a thin layer of compact bone. Irregular bones can also be used for joining all parts of the spinal column together. The spine is the place in the human body where the most irregular bones can be found. There are, in all, 33 irregular bones found here.

The irregular bones are: the vertebrae, sacrum,  coccyx, temporal, sphenoid, ethmoid, zygomatic, maxilla, mandible, palatine, inferior nasal concha, and hyoid.
Aziz Bhatti Park
The Aziz Bhatti Park (Urdu: باغ عزیز بهٹی) is located near Federal Urdu University on University Road in Gulshan-e-Iqbal, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.

The Park is named after the Nishan-e-Haider recipient Major Aziz Bhatti of Punjab Regiment, Pakistan Army. He defended Burki sector of Lahore on 6 September 1965, against an Indian attack during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1965.

The Aziz Bhatti Park was developed in 1972 by Karachi Development Authority and handed over to Karachi Metropolitan Corporation in 1992. The park has 37 acres land but only 7 to 8 acres area is developed as park and remaining is still plain ground. There is also a natural lake in park.

Gulshan-e-Iqbal
Gulshan-e-Iqbal (Urdu: گلشنِ اقبال) is a large middle-class to upper middle class (Block 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20) residential and commercial neighborhood in the Karachi East district of Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan. It was previously administered as part of the Gulshan Town borough, which was disbanded in 2011.
FK Admira Prague
FK Admira Prague is a Czech football club located in Prague-Kobylisy, Czech Republic. It currently plays in the Bohemian Football League, which is the third level of competition in the country. They played two seasons in the Bohemian Football League, but were relegated in the 2014–15 season, then promoted back in 2019. The biggest rival of this club is FK Meteor Prague VIII.

Kobylisy
Kobylisy is a cadastral district in the north of Prague, located in Prague 8. The eastern part of the district is home to a large panel housing estate with over 10,000 residents. The area is served by Kobylisy and Ládví stations on the Prague Metro, both of which opened in 2004.
Anopheles culicifacies
Anopheles culicifacies is a mosquito species complex and one of the primary vectors of malaria on the Indian subcontinent. It consists of five sibling species, provisionally designated as species A, B, C, D, and E. It prefers to rest indoors in cattle sheds, where it feeds on cattle. The control of A. culicifacies has become difficult due to the development of insecticide resistance against all commonly used insecticides, including new-generation insecticides such as synthetic pyrethroids.

Pyrethroid
A pyrethroid is an organic compound similar to the natural pyrethrins, which are produced by the flowers of pyrethrums (Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium and C. coccineum). Pyrethroids are used as commercial and household insecticides.

In household concentrations pyrethroids are generally harmless to humans.  However, pyrethroids are toxic to insects such as bees, dragonflies, mayflies, gadflies, and some other invertebrates, including those that constitute the base of aquatic and terrestrial food webs. Pyrethroids are toxic to aquatic organisms, especially fish. They have been shown to be an effective control measure for malaria outbreaks, through indoor applications.
Gayny
Gayny (Russian: Гайны) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Gayny, Perm Krai, a settlement in Gaynsky District of Perm Krai

Gayny, Sverdlovsk Oblast, a village in Achitsky District of Sverdlovsk Oblast

Perm Krai
Perm Krai (Russian: Пе́рмский край, romanized: Permskiy kray, IPA: [ˈpʲɛrmskʲɪj ˈkraj]; Komi-Permyak: Перем ладор, romanized: Perem lador) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in Eastern Europe. Its administrative center is Perm. The population of the krai was 2,532,405 (2021 Census).

The krai was formed on 1 December 2005 as a result of the 2004 referendum on the merger of Perm Oblast and Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug. Komi-Permyak Okrug retained its autonomous status within Perm Krai during the transitional period of 2006–2008. It also retained a budget separate from that of the krai, keeping all federal transfers. Starting in 2009, Komi-Permyak Okrug's budget became subject to the budgeting law of Perm Krai. The transitional period was implemented in part because Komi-Permyak Okrug relied heavily on federal subsidies, and an abrupt cut would have been detrimental to its economy.

The final period of the Paleozoic era, the Permian, is named after the Perm region.
Maria José Aguiar (politician)
Maria José Gomes de Aguiar (born 1968) is a Portuguese politician and teacher. In the 2024 Portuguese national election she was elected to the Assembly of the Republic as a representative of the right-wing CHEGA party.

Assembly of the Republic (Portugal)
The Assembly of the Republic (Portuguese: Assembleia da República, pronounced [ɐsẽˈblɐjɐ ðɐ ʁɛˈpuβlikɐ]), commonly referred to as simply Parliament (Portuguese: Parlamento), is the unicameral parliament of Portugal. According to the Constitution of Portugal, the parliament "is the representative assembly of all Portuguese citizens". The constitution names the assembly as one of the country's sovereignty bodies.

It meets in São Bento Palace, the historical site of an old Benedictine monastery. The palace has been the seat of the Portuguese parliaments since 1834 (Cortes until 1910, Congress from 1911 to 1926 and National Assembly from 1933 to 1974).
Josiah Henson (wrestler)
Josiah "Joe" Henson (24 February 1922 – 4 April 2012) was an American freestyle wrestler and a career U.S. Navy officer. In 1952 he won the AAU wrestling championships without losing a single point and was named the tournament's outstanding wrestler. The same year he won an Olympic  bronze medal. Henson attended every Summer Olympics from 1952 to 2000 in various capacities, as a competitor, referee, member of the U.S. Olympic Committee, and acting president of the World Taekwondo Federation. He served a four-year term as chairman of the U.S. Olympic Wrestling Committee and later became the AAU president.

In 2006, he was named a Distinguished Member of the National Wrestling Hall of Fame, joining his elder brother and former Naval Academy Assistant Wrestling Coach Dr. Stanley W. Henson. He was elected to the Eastern Intercollegiate Wrestling Association Wrestling Hall of Fame in 2012.

National Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum
The National Wrestling Hall of Fame and Museum is a museum and hall of fame for amateur wrestling, headquartered in Stillwater, Oklahoma. In 2010, it began operating the Dan Gable Museum in Waterloo, Iowa.
455 Rocket
"455 Rocket" is a song written by Gillian Welch and David Rawlings, and recorded by American country music artist Kathy Mattea. It was released in January 1997 as the first single from the album Love Travels. The song reached number 21 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart.

Jim Keltner
James Lee Keltner (born April 27, 1942) is an American drummer and percussionist known primarily for his session work. He was characterized by Bob Dylan biographer Howard Sounes as "the leading session drummer in America".
Bicolline
Bicolline (French: [bikɔlin]) is a Quebec-based fantasy live combat experience founded in 1994. It was not until 1996 however, that Le Duché de Bicolline and the first official "Grande Bataille" took place and was formed. It is often labeled as a live action role-playing game (LARP) due to the large percentage of players who participate in role-playing.  Events take place at a dedicated venue covering 140 hectares and two medieval villages. Le Duché de Bicolline is located in Saint-Mathieu-du-Parc near Shawinigan, QC.

Saint-Mathieu-du-Parc
Saint-Mathieu-du-Parc (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ matjø dy paʁk]) is a municipality in the Mauricie region of the province of Quebec in Canada.  Prior to March 28, 1998, it was known simply as Saint-Mathieu.

It is home to the Mokotakan Museum, showcasing the First Nations of Quebec.
San Juan de la Costa
San Juan de la Costa is a commune of Chile, located in the Osorno Province in the Los Lagos Region. The administration (municipalidad) is located at the hamlet of Puaucho, 34 km west of Osorno. San Juan de la Costa is known for a large proportion of its population being indigenous Huilliches. This commune is characterized by a large coastline suitable for ecotourism, especially balnearios Pucatrihue and Maicolpue, the port of Bahía Mansa, and the ethnic tourism of the Huilliche culture.

Balneario
A balneario (Portuguese spelling: balneário) is an Iberian and Ibero American resort town, typically a seaside resort, and less commonly along the shores of lakes and rivers or next to hot springs. In Spain, balneario typically only refers to spa town resorts. These resorts offer recreation, sports, entertainment, food, hospitality and safety services, retail, and cultural events. These balneario towns are characterized by being flooded by masses of tourists during the summer seasons.
Hantam National Botanical Garden
The Hantam National Botanical Garden is situated outside Nieuwoudtville. It is the first National Botanical Garden in the Northern Cape. The main section of the garden is 5 km south-east of the town, neighbouring the Oorlogskloof Nature Reserve.

The winter rains on the Bokkeveld Plateau lead to massive blooms from August to the middle of October. 1,350 plant species are recorded here, including the Blue Pride-of-Nieuwoudtville. The garden has many bulbs and the geology includes formations in dolerite outcroppings.

Birds from 150 species visit here, such as the blue crane, Ludwig’s bustard, secretarybird and the endangered black harrier. Cape foxes, baboons, steenboks, and the Cape porcupine are also found within the grounds.

It is the only national botanical garden in the Northern Cape and covers 6,200 ha, mostly covered with renosterveld. Nine hiking trails run through the park.

Diabase
Diabase (/ˈdaɪ.əˌbeɪs/), also called dolerite (/ˈdɒl.əˌraɪt/) or microgabbro, is a mafic, holocrystalline, subvolcanic rock equivalent to volcanic basalt or plutonic gabbro. Diabase dikes and sills are typically shallow intrusive bodies and often exhibit fine-grained to aphanitic chilled margins which may contain tachylite (dark mafic glass).

Diabase is the preferred name in North America, while dolerite is the preferred name in the rest of the English-speaking world, where sometimes the name diabase refers to altered dolerites and basalts. Some geologists prefer to avoid confusion by using the name microgabbro.
Carl Huneke
Carl Huneke (19 June 1898 – 18 June 1972) was a German-American stained glass artist and master craftsman.

Proprietor of the Century Stained Glass Studio in San Francisco, California, Carl designed and created more than 1,000 stained glass windows in 70 churches and other buildings, mostly in Northern California.

Studio
A studio is a space set aside for creative work of any kind, including art, dance, music and theater.

The word studio is derived from the Italian: studio, from Latin: studium, from studere, meaning to study or zeal.
1919–20 American Cup
The 1920 American Cup was the annual challenge cup held by the American Football Association. The A.F.A. officials were president Duncan Carswell of Orange, vice–president Donald McMillan of East Newark, recording secretary James Gulletly of Kearny, and financial secretary/treasurer Andrew N. Beveridge of Kearny, NJ with the advisory board made up of William Patrick, Harry Craig, Hector MacDonald, Andrew M. Brown and Donald MacMillan. Bethlehem Steel had their streak of four straight American Cup wins broken this year by Robins Dry Dock of Brooklyn. The shipbuilders defeated the steelworkers 1–0 in the final on May 2 at Harrison, New Jersey.

American Football Association (1884–1924)
The American Football Association (AFA) was the first attempt in the United States to form an organizing soccer body.

It was the second oldest sports league to form, behind the National League of baseball in 1876, as well as being the oldest soccer organization in the United States.
Soviet Russia (exhibition, 1965)
The Second National Art Exhibition "Soviet Russia" (Moscow, 1965) (Russian: Вторая Республиканская художественная выставка "Советская Россия" 1965 года) was one of the largest Soviet art exhibitions of the 1960s. The exhibition took place in Manezh Exhibition Hall.

Oleg Lomakin
Oleg Leonidovich Lomakin (Russian: Оле́г Леони́дович Лома́кин; 29 August 1924 – 25 March 2010) was a Russian Soviet realist painter, Honored Artist of the RSFSR, who lived and worked in Saint Petersburg (former Leningrad). He was regarded as one of the major representatives of the Leningrad school of painting.