hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pilipinas Kong Mahal
Pilipinas Kong Mahal (English: Philippines, My Philippines) is one of the most popular patriotic songs in the Philippines. The song was composed by Filipino musician, Francisco Santiago and lyrics by Ildefonso Santos.

The English lyrics, Philippines, My Philippines, was written by Prescott Ford Jernegan. The tune was adapted from the former U.S. state anthem, Maryland, My Maryland, itself a set to the German Christmas carol, O Tannenbaum. Santiago revised the melody, and Santos translated the Jernegan text into Filipino.

In the Philippines, patriotic songs are often sung by people at political rallies, protests and demonstrations. These are sung in patriotic dramas, choral performances, or dances, especially in schools during Araw ng Kalayaan (Independence Day) celebrations in June, and Buwan ng Wika (Language Month) in August.

This patriotic song is usually sung during flag retreat ceremonies on Friday afternoons, and events held days other than a Monday.

Philippine Declaration of Independence
The Philippine Declaration of Independence (Filipino: Pagpapahayag ng Kasarinlan ng Pilipinas; Spanish: Declaración de Independencia de Filipinas) was proclaimed by Filipino revolutionary forces general Emilio Aguinaldo on June 12, 1898, in Cavite el Viejo (present-day Kawit, Cavite), Philippines. It asserted the sovereignty and independence of the Philippine islands from the 300 years of colonial rule by Spain.
Mount Mangdang
Mount Mangdang (simplified Chinese: 芒砀山; traditional Chinese: 芒碭山) is a hill in Yongcheng, Henan, China, best known for being the spot where the Emperor Gaozu of Han started his rebellion against the Qin dynasty.

Yongcheng
Yongcheng (Chinese: 永城; pinyin: Yǒngchéng) is county-level city in Henan province, China, and is the easternmost county-level division of the province, bordering Anhui province on all sides except the northwest and due north. Yongcheng has significant coal deposits and some insignificant magnet deposits. In 2014, Yongcheng was upgraded to a provincially directly administered city.

It is the former site of Shiyuan (柿园), the capital of Han-era Liang. It includes the excavated mausoleum of the fabulously wealthy Liu Wu, prince of Liang, now a museum (柿园汉墓) famed for its murals.

In 2015, thousands of students in Yongcheng 3rd High School (永城三高) led a riot expressing dissatisfaction following the assault of an elderly woman by school staff. They damaged school property and police vehicles before the situation was de-escalated through mediation.
Principal area
In England and Wales local government legislation, a principal area is one of the sub-national areas established for control by a principal council. They include most of the areas governed by the lowest level of local government above that of Parish or Community council.

Local government in the United Kingdom
Local government in the United Kingdom has origins which pre-date the United Kingdom itself, as each of the four countries of the United Kingdom has its own separate system. For an overview, see Administrative geography of the United Kingdom. For details, see:

Local government in England

Local government in Northern Ireland

Local government in Scotland

Local government in Wales

For the history of local government in each country, see:

History of local government in England

History of local government in Northern Ireland

History of local government in Scotland

History of local government in Wales

For local government entities in each country, see

Category:Local authorities of England

Category:Local authorities of Northern Ireland

Category:Local authorities of Scotland

Category:Local authorities of Wales
Vivian Frederick Maynard FitzSimons
Vivian Frederick Maynard FitzSimons, born in Pietermaritzburg, was a notable herpetologist in South Africa. Also, he contributed to the collection of spermatophyte samples for the National Herbarium which has become part of the South African National Biodiversity Institute at the Pretoria National Botanical Garden. In 1937, together with Anna Amelia Obermeyer, he collected some of the earliest plant specimens from the Eastern Highlands of Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe).

Later, as director of the Transvaal Museum, he together with Charles Koch helped to establish the Namib Desert Research Institute in Gobabeb

Gobabeb
23°33′S 15°02′E﻿ / ﻿23.550°S 15.033°E﻿ / -23.550; 15.033

The Gobabeb Namib Research Institute, short: Gobabeb, is a centre for dry land training and research in Namibia. It is located in the Namib Desert, 120 kilometres (75 mi) south-east of Walvis Bay.

Gobabeb was founded by the Austrian entomologist Charles Koch in 1962. Since 1998 Gobabeb has been a joint venture between the Ministry of Environment and Tourism (MET) and the Desert Research Foundation Namibia (DRFN). Gobabeb conducts research in the fields of climate, ecology and geomorphology. It also tests, demonstrates and promotes appropriate technologies. By conducting training courses, Gobabeb aims to improve the public awareness and knowledge of dry land ecology and environmental issues. The station consists of permanent researchers, students, and interns, as well as short time visitors such as school and university groups, and tourists. Gobabeb also hosts film crews, journalists and artists.
Eastern Maine Railway (1995)
The Eastern Maine Railway Company Limited (reporting mark EMRY) is a 99.5 mi (160.1 km) U.S. short line railroad owned by the New Brunswick Railway Company, a holding company that is part of "Irving Transportation Services", a division within the industrial conglomerate J.D. Irving Limited.

Together with its sister company New Brunswick Southern Railway (reporting mark NBSR), EMRY and NBSR form a continuous 189.5 mi (305.0 km) main line connecting Saint John, New Brunswick with Brownville Junction, Maine in addition to another 41.7 mi (67.1 km) of branch lines owned and operated by NBSR in Canada.  A sister company Maine Northern Railway (reporting mark MNRY) operates a separate 258-mile railway system connecting Millinocket, Maine with Van Buren, Maine.

Van Buren, Maine
Van Buren is a town on the Saint John River in Aroostook County, Maine, United States; located across from Saint-Leonard, New Brunswick, Canada. The population was 2,038 at the 2020 census. It is named after U.S. President Martin Van Buren.
Eastgate Shopping Centre, Johannesburg
Eastgate Shopping Centre is a super-regional shopping centre in Bedfordview, near Bedford Gardens and the Johannesburg city centre in Gauteng. It remains one of the largest centres in the country and is the fourth largest shopping centre in Gauteng, after Mall of Africa, Sandton City and Menlyn Park. The centre lies next to the R24 airport freeway, between the Johannesburg CBD to the west and O. R. Tambo International Airport to the east.

Menlyn Park
Menlyn Park Shopping Centre is a large shopping mall in Menlyn, Pretoria, South Africa, owned by development company Pareto. It is designed around three spaces – the Food Court, the keyhole malls and focal points, and a large internal garden square surrounded by restaurants. Menlyn Park has a total lettable floor space of 177,000m², over 500 stores, 16 parking entrances, 12 parking exits and 8,250 parking bays. It is situated at the corner of Lois Avenue and Atterbury Road, close to the passing N1 highway (Pretoria Eastern Bypass).
Mekorama
Mekorama is a puzzle game developed by indie developer Martin Magni. Players control the movement of a robot through paths and various obstacles to reach the end of a level by tapping or clicking the screen. The game features a level editing tool, where players can create custom levels and share them online. The game was initially released for iOS and Android in 2016 and was later ported to the Nintendo Switch, PlayStation 4, PlayStation Vita, and Xbox One in 2020.

Mekorama was created by indie developer Martin Magni for 17 months, and was inspired by Monument Valley and Captain Toad: Treasure Tracker. Mekorama received generally favorable reviews, with critics praising its pay what you want marketing model and level editing feature but noted inconveniences with the gameplay. The game won the Jury's Honorable Mention award at the 13th International Mobile Gaming Awards.

TouchArcade
TouchArcade (stylized as toucharcade) is a mobile games journalism website. It was launched in 2008 as a sister site of MacRumors by its founder Arnold Kim and Blake Patterson. TouchArcade also hosts a forum and a weekly podcast. Its operations were shut down in 2024.
Punjdhera
Punjdhera (Urdu: پنج ڈیہرا) is a village and union council of Chakwal District of Punjab, Pakistan. It is near Mulhal Mughlan, which is located on Sohawa-Chakwal Road which leads to Talagang, Mianwali and is 26 kilometers from Chakwal city.

Chakwal was part of District Jhelum from 1947 till 1985, when Chakwal became a district with four tehsils. The district is administratively subdivided into four tehsils: Tehsil Chakwal Tehsil, Kallar Kahar Tehsil, Choa Saidan Shah Tehsil, and Talagang Tehsil.  It is located 90 km south-east of the federal capital, Islamabad.

Chakwal District
Chakwal District (Urdu: ضلع چکوال) is a district located on the Pothohar Plateau in Punjab, Pakistan. It is located in the northwestern area of the Punjab province, bordered by Talagang to its west, Rawalpindi to its northeast, Jhelum to its east. The district was created out of parts of Jhelum and Attock in 1985.
1st Infantry Division (Greece)
The 1st Infantry Division "Smyrni" (Greek: I Μεραρχία Πεζικού «ΣΜΥΡΝΗ» (Ι ΜΠ), romanized: I Merarchía Pezikoú "Smýrni") is a historic and elite division of the Hellenic Army. It was founded in 1897 as an infantry division and has fought in all major conflicts in which Greece has been involved. During the Balkan Wars, it acquired the sobriquet "Iron Division" (Greek: «Σιδηρά Μεραρχία», romanized: Sidirá Merarchía).

It is currently headquartered in Veroia, Macedonia. Despite its title, it is no longer a conventional infantry division, but a formation comprising the various special forces of the Hellenic Army - a role similar to that once held by the now disbanded 3rd Special Forces Division.

Tyrnavos
Tyrnavos (Greek: Τύρναβος, romanized: Týrnavos) is a town and a municipality in the Larissa regional unit of the Thessaly region of Greece. According to the 2021 census, the municipality has a population of 22,280, of whom 11,210 live within the town of Tyrnavos, making it the second-largest town in the regional unit. The river Titarisios, a tributary of the Pineios, flows through the town.
Philip Davies (cricketer)
Philip Havelock Davies MC (30 August 1893 – 30 January 1930) was an English cricketer active from 1913 to 1927 who played for Sussex. He was born in Brighton and died in Catterick Camp. He appeared in 27 first-class matches as a righthanded batsman who bowled right arm slow. He scored 286 runs with a highest score of 55 and took 98 wickets with a best performance of six for 59.

Wicket
In the sport of cricket, the term wicket has several meanings:

It is either of the two sets of three stumps and two bails at each end of the pitch. The fielding team's players can hit the wicket with the ball in a number of ways to get a batter out. 
The wicket is guarded by a batter who, with their bat (and sometimes with their pads, but see the laws on LBW, leg before wicket), attempts to prevent the ball from hitting the wicket (if it does, they may be bowled) and to score runs where possible.

Through metonymic usage, the dismissal of a batter is known as the taking of a wicket.

The cricket pitch itself is sometimes referred to as the wicket.
2014 Suruga Bank Championship
The 2014 Suruga Bank Championship (Japanese: スルガ銀行チャンピオンシップ2014; Spanish: Copa Suruga Bank 2014) was the seventh edition of the Suruga Bank Championship, the club football match co-organized by the Japan Football Association, the football governing body of Japan, CONMEBOL, the football governing body of South America, and J. League, the professional football league of Japan, between the winners of the previous season's J. League Cup and Copa Sudamericana.

The match was contested between Japanese team Kashiwa Reysol, the 2013 J. League Cup champion, and Argentine team Lanús, the 2013 Copa Sudamericana champion. It was hosted by Kashiwa Reysol at the Hitachi Kashiwa Soccer Stadium in Kashiwa on August 6, 2014.

For the fifth consecutive year, the match was won by the Japanese host team, as Kashiwa Reysol won 2–1 to earn their first Suruga Bank Championship.

2013 J.League Cup
The 2013 J.League Cup, also known as the 2013 J.League Yamazaki Nabisco Cup for sponsoring purposes, was the 38th edition of the most prestigious Japanese soccer league cup tournament and the 21st edition under the current J.League Cup format.
Astrothelium solitarium
Astrothelium solitarium is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Brazil, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by lichenologists André Aptroot and Marcela Cáceres. The species is closely related to Astrothelium ceratinum but differs in its ascospore size.

Trypetheliaceae
The Trypetheliaceae are a family of mainly lichen-forming fungi in the order Trypetheliales. The family consists almost exclusively of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichens with an almost strictly tropical distribution.
Michele Morgan (actress)
Tanisha Michele Morgan (born 1970) is an American film and television and voice-over actress who was part of the rap group BWP from 1989 to 1994. BWP made a cameo appearance in the 1992 romance comedy film Strictly Business. She later appeared in the films New Jersey Drive (1995), Bulworth (1998), and The Other Brother (2002). From 1996 to 1997, she had a recurring role in the NBC medical drama series ER as Allison Beaumont. She also made guest appearances on The Steve Harvey Show, Girlfriends, and NYPD Blue.

Morgan starred in the 2002 Geffen Playhouse's production of the musical Pearl by Debbie Allen.

Geffen Playhouse
The Geffen Playhouse is a not-for-profit theater company founded in Los Angeles, California by Gilbert Cates in 1995.

It produces plays in two theaters in Geffen Playhouse, which is owned by University of California Los Angeles. The Playhouse is located in the Westwood neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. It was named for donor David Geffen. The current executive director is Gil Cates Jr.
Črnec (Lonja)
Črnec is a river in Croatia, a tributary of the Lonja-Strug canal, monitored by the government as it is longer than 20 km (12 mi).

It rises at the southern slopes of the Medvednica near Sesvetska Sela, and flows towards the southeast, passing through the eponymous village of Črnec Dugoselski. Afterwards its flow has been modified by humans and it reaches the Lonja near Posavski Bregi through the canal that connects it with the Sava.

Medvednica
Medvednica (pronounced [mědʋednitsa], lit. 'Bear mountain') is a mountain in central Croatia, just north of Zagreb, and marking the southern border of the historic region of Zagorje. Most of it is encompassed by the Medvednica Nature Park. The highest peak, at 1,035 m (3,396 ft) is Sljeme. Most of the area of Medvednica is a nature park (park prirode), a type of preservation lesser than a national park. During the Miocene and the Pliocene, the mountain was an island within the Pannonian Sea. Together with the surrounding hills, it is known as Zagrebačka gora or the "Zagreb Mountains", as well as Bistranjska gora, Markuševačka gora, Stubička gora and Vrabečka gora.
Bounding volume
In computer graphics and computational geometry, a bounding volume (or bounding region) for a set of objects is a closed region that completely contains the union of the objects in the set. Bounding volumes are used to improve the efficiency of geometrical operations, such as by using simple regions, having simpler ways to test for overlap.

A bounding volume for a set of objects is also a bounding volume for the single object consisting of their union, and the other way around. Therefore, it is possible to confine the description to the case of a single object, which is assumed to be non-empty and bounded (finite).

Union (set theory)
In set theory, the union (denoted by ∪) of a collection of sets is the set of all elements in the collection. It is one of the fundamental operations through which sets can be combined and related to each other. 
A nullary union refers to a union of zero (⁠⁠) sets and it is by definition equal to the empty set.

For explanation of the symbols used in this article, refer to the table of mathematical symbols.
MotoGP: Ultimate Racing Technology
MotoGP: Ultimate Racing Technology, known in the United States as simply MotoGP, is a Grand Prix motorcycle racing video game for Game Boy Advance, Xbox, Microsoft Windows, mobile phones, and N-Gage. It is based on the 2001 Grand Prix motorcycle racing season.

The game's features include weather effects, a dynamic replay mode and custom soundtracks. The game includes 10 real-world race tracks and all the riders and bikes from the 2001 MotoGP season. The menu theme music is Psynn by Shawn Hargreaves.

An online-enabled demo of MotoGP shipped with Xbox Live starter kits in 2002. Players who didn't own the full game could access 23 riders and three courses while players who did own the full game could access all the content they had unlocked.

Allegro (software library)
Allegro is a software library for video game development. The functionality of the library includes support for basic 2D graphics, image manipulation, text output, audio output, MIDI music, input and timers, as well as additional routines for fixed-point and floating-point matrix arithmetic, Unicode strings, file system access, file manipulation, data files, and 3D graphics. The library is written in the C programming language and designed to be used with C, C++, or Objective-C, with bindings available for Python, Lua, Scheme, D, Go, and other languages. Allegro comes with extensive documentation and many examples.

Allegro supports Windows, macOS, Unix-like systems, Android, and iOS, abstracting their application programming interfaces (APIs) into one portable interface. It can run also on top of Simple DirectMedia Layer which is used to run Allegro programs in web browser using Emscripten.

Released under the terms of the zlib license, Allegro is free and open source software.
9-Aminomethyl-9,10-dihydroanthracene
AMDA, also known as 9-aminomethyl-9,10-dihydroanthracene, is a tricyclic compound and cyclized phenethylamine which acts as a potent and selective antagonist for the 5-HT2A receptor. It has been used to help study the shape of the 5-HT2A protein, and develop a large family of related derivatives with even higher potency and selectivity.

Tricyclic
Tricyclics are cyclic chemical compounds that contain three fused rings of atoms.

Many compounds have a tricyclic structure, but in pharmacology, the term has traditionally been reserved to describe heterocyclic drugs. They include antidepressants, antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, and antihistamines (as antiallergens, anti-motion sickness drugs, antipruritics, and hypnotics/sedatives) of the dibenzazepine, dibenzocycloheptene, dibenzothiazepine, dibenzothiepin, phenothiazine, and thioxanthene chemical classes, and others.
Maserati 8CLT
The Maserati 8CLT is an open-wheel race car, designed, developed and built by Italian manufacturer Maserati in 1950, conforming to Formula One rules and regulations of the time, set by the FIA.

Two copies were produced, on behalf of the Italian drivers Nino Farina and Franco Rol, to participate in the 1950 Indianapolis 500, it never started the American race and was then sold in New Zealand.

Open-wheel car
An open-wheel car is a car with the wheels outside the car's main body, and usually having only one seat. Open-wheel cars contrast with street cars, sports cars, stock cars, and touring cars, which have their wheels below the body or inside fenders. Open-wheel cars are built both for road racing and oval track racing. Open-wheel cars licensed for use on public roads (street legal), such as the Ariel Atom, are uncommon, as they are often impractical for everyday use.
Arrangement (space partition)
In discrete geometry, an arrangement is the decomposition of the d-dimensional linear, affine, or projective space into connected cells of different dimensions, induced by a finite collection of geometric objects, which are usually of dimension one less than the dimension of the space, and often of the same type as each other, such as hyperplanes or spheres.

Linear space (geometry)
A linear space is a basic structure in incidence geometry.  A linear space consists of a set of elements called points, and a set of elements called lines.  Each line is a distinct subset of the points.  The points in a line are said to be incident with the line.  Each two points are in a line, and any two lines may have no more than one point in common.  Intuitively, this rule can be visualized as the property that two straight lines never intersect more than once.

Linear spaces can be seen as a generalization of projective and affine planes, and more broadly, of 2- block designs, where the requirement that every block contains the same number of points is dropped and the essential structural characteristic is that 2 points are incident with exactly 1 line.

The term linear space was coined by Paul Libois in 1964, though many results about linear spaces are much older.
Action of 28–29 December 1669
On 28 December 1669, as the Mary Rose, a third-rate, carrying forty-eight guns, with a crew of 230 men, commanded by Captain John Kempthorn, was convoying a fleet of merchant ships through the Straits of Gibraltar, seven large Algerine corsairs, full of men, stood towards her. Captain Kempthorn ordered the convoy to make sail, while he, single-handed, advanced to engage the foe. The fighting continued into the following day, as the Algerines attacked the Mary Rose with much fury, and boarded her; but were beaten off with considerable loss. The convoy reached Cádiz in safety.

Kempthorne's engagement, engraved by Wenceslaus Hollar (John Ogilby, Description of Africa, 1670)

Painting of the action by Willem van de Velde the Younger, signed and dated 1676 (Royal Collection)

Strait of Gibraltar
The Strait of Gibraltar, also known as the Straits of Gibraltar, is a narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates Europe from Africa.
The two continents are separated by 7.7 nautical miles (14.2 kilometers, 8.9 miles) at its narrowest point. Ferries cross between the two continents every day in as little as 35 minutes. The Strait's depth ranges between 300 and 900 metres (980 and 2,950 feet; 160 and 490 fathoms).

The strait lies in the territorial waters of Morocco, Spain, and the British overseas territory of Gibraltar. Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, foreign vessels and aircraft have the freedom of navigation and overflight to cross the strait of Gibraltar in case of continuous transit.
CLG Naomh Anna, Leitir Móir
CLG Naomh Anna, Leitir Móir is a Gaelic football club based in the Gaeltacht area of Leitir Móir, County Galway, Ireland. It is a member of the Galway GAA branch of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The club is concerned with the sport of football. Notable former players include Fiachra Breathnach, and Antoine 'Toto' Ó Griofa, former members of the Galway county team panel.

In 2009-2010 the club enjoyed the most successful year in their history, capturing the Galway Intermediate Football Championship and also the Connacht Intermediate Club Championship title. Naomh Anna, Leitir Móir eventually lost out to Cookstown Fr. Rock's from Tyrone in the All-Ireland series on 24 January 2010 at Pearse Park, Longford.

On 13 November 2021, the club won the Galway Intermediate Football Championship, defeating Dunmore in the final at Pearse Stadium in Salthill.

Pearse Stadium
Pearse Stadium (Irish: Páirc an Phiarsaigh) is the principal GAA stadium in Galway, Ireland. The Galway GAA Gaelic football and hurling teams use the stadium for their home games. The stadium, amongst others in the province of Connacht, is also used for games in the Connacht Senior Football Championship