hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mohammed Amine Smaili
Mohammed Amine Smaili (محمد أمين الإسماعيلي) is a Muslim theologian and specialist in international Muslim dogma and comparative religion. Smaili was made professor at Mohammed V University in Morocco and has held several positions, including Director of the Office of the Minister of Endowments and Islamic Affairs.

Since 1994, his research and its relevance to peace and inter-religious dialogue has led to meeting officials of the Apostolic Nunciature to Morocco. Smaili's work has enabled him to attend and be involved in international meetings organized by the  lay Catholic association, Community of Sant'Egidio. In 2008 in Cyprus, Smaili was a panel member for the audience event, Peace in the Mediterranean: Faiths, Conflicts and the Challenge of Coexistence. And in 2010 Smaili was a guest at The Islamic-Christian dialogue today, a Conference held at the Auditori del Palau Falguera in Barcelona.

Smaili has written five books, including Imam Malik and Imam Ahmed Hanbal Bnou.

Apostolic Nunciature to Morocco
The Apostolic Nunciature to Morocco is the diplomatic mission of the Holy See to Morocco. The Apostolic Nuncio to Morocco is an ecclesiastical office of the Catholic Church in Morocco, with the rank of an ambassador. The nuncio serves both as the ambassador of the Holy See to the State of Libya and as delegate and point-of-contact between the Catholic hierarchy in Morocco and the pope.

The Vatican established the position of Delegate to Northern Africa in 1965; John Gordon held that post until 19 August 1967. Sante Portalupi succeeded him on 27 September 1967. The delegate's responsibilities were modified as the Holy See developed relationships with countries in the delegate's area of responsibility. Portalupi took on the titles of Pro-Nuncio to Algeria and to Tunisia in 1972. He added the title Pro-Nuncio to Morocco on 5 March 1976.
Apdex
Apdex (Application Performance Index) is an open standard developed by an alliance of companies for measuring performance of software applications in computing. Its purpose is to convert measurements into insights about user satisfaction, by specifying a uniform way to analyze and report on the degree to which measured performance meets user expectations. It is based on counts of "satisfied", "tolerating", and "frustrated" users, given a maximum satisfactory response time of t , a maximum tolerable response time of 4t, and where users are assumed to be frustrated above 4t. The score is equivalent to a weighted average of these user counts with weights 1, 0.5, and 0, respectively.

Computing
Computing is any goal-oriented activity that requires, benefits from, or creates computing machinery. It includes the study and experimentation of algorithmic processes, and the development of both hardware and software. Computing encompasses scientific, engineering, mathematical, technological, and social aspects. Major computing disciplines include computer engineering, computer science, cybersecurity, data science, information systems, information technology, and software engineering.

The term computing is also synonymous with counting and calculating. In earlier times, it was used in reference to the action performed by mechanical computing machines, and before that, to human computers.
Volkswacht (Insterburg)
Volkswacht ('People's Guard') was a German Social Democratic newspaper published from Insterburg 1919-1933. It carried the by-line "Organ for the Social Democracy of the Circle of Insterburg, Gumbinnen, Stallupönen, Darkehmen, Gerdauen". It was one of the most long-lasting local labour newspapers of East Prussia during the inter-bellum years. Volkswacht was linked to Königsberger Volkszeitung. As of 1920 it was published six times a week, and had a circulation of 6,000. Volkswacht was banned in 1933.

Nesterov
Nesterov (Russian: Не́стеров, until 1938 German: Stallupönen, Lithuanian: Stalupėnai, Polish: Stołupiany; in 1938-1946: Ebenrode) is a town and the administrative center of Nesterovsky District in Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia, located 140 kilometers (87 mi) east of Kaliningrad, near the Russian-Lithuanian border on the railway connecting Kaliningrad Oblast with Moscow. Population figures:  4,595 (2010 census); 5,049 (2002 census); 4,826 (1989 Soviet census).
Kano State Polytechnic
Kano State Polytechnic is a Nigerian Tertiary Institution located in Kano, North-Western Nigeria. Established in 1975, which is regulated by the National Board for Technical Education (NBTE) the polytechnic is made up of five schools (faculties): School of Technology, School of Management Studies, School of Environmental Studies, School of Rural Technology and Entrepreneurship Development, School of General Studies.

National Board for Technical Education
The National Board for Technical Education, otherwise known as NBTE, is a Nigerian board of education which supervises, regulates and oversees educational programmes offered by technical institutions at secondary, polytechnic and monotechnic levels through an accreditation process. It was established by Act No 9 of 11 July 1977 with the aim of "providing standardised minimum guide curricula for Technical and Vocational Education and Training".

The National Board for Technical Education (NBTE) has granted approval to the Federal Polytechnic, Ede, for the commencement of Open and Distance Flexible E-Learning.
Maja Göpel
Maja Göpel (born 27 June 1976) is a German political economist, transformation researcher, and sustainability scientist with a focus on transdisciplinarity. In 2019 she co-founded the Scientists for Future initiative. Göpel is an honorary professor at Leuphana University of Lüneburg.

World Future Council
The World Future Council (WFC) is a German non-profit foundation with its headquarters in Hamburg. It works to pass on a healthy and sustainable planet with just and peaceful societies to future generations.
Travelling menagerie
A travelling menagerie was a touring group of showmen and animal handlers who visited towns and cities with common and exotic animals.  The term "menagerie", first used in seventeenth century France, was primarily used to refer to aristocratic or royal animal collections.  Most visitors to travelling menageries would never have the opportunity to see such animals under other circumstances and their arrival in a town would catalyse great excitement.  The shows were both entertaining and educational; in 1872 The Scotsman described George Wombwell's travelling menagerie as "[having] done more to familiarise the minds of the masses of our people with the denizens of the forest than all the books of natural history ever printed during its wandering existence."

Aristocracy (class)
The aristocracy (from Greek ἀριστοκρατία aristokratía, "rule of the best"; Latin: aristocratia) is historically associated with a "hereditary" or a "ruling" social class. In many states, the aristocracy included the upper class with hereditary rank and titles. They are usually below only the monarch of a country or nation in its social hierarchy.
Gary McMahan
Gary McMahan (born 1948 in Greeley, Colorado) is an American Western music singer-songwriter, yodeler, humorist and cowboy poet, known for his wide-ranging influence in post-19th century Western music and poetry, and for writing  "The Old Double Diamond", which members of the Western Writers of America chose as one of the Top 100 Western songs of all time.

Western music (North America)
Western music, also known as country and western or simply western, is a form of music composed by and about the people who settled and worked throughout the Western United States and Western Canada. Western music celebrates the lifestyle of the cowboy on the open range, along the Rocky Mountains, and among the prairies of Western North America. The genre grew from the mix of cultural influences in the American frontier and what became the Southwestern United States at the time, it came from the folk music traditions of those living the region, those being the hillbilly music from those that arrived from the Eastern U.S., the corrido and ranchera from Northern Mexico, and the New Mexico and Tejano endemic to the Southwest. The music industry of the mid-20th century grouped the western genre with that of similar folk origins, instrumentation and rural themes, to create the banner of country and western music, which was simplified in time to country music.
La Salvetat-sur-Agout
La Salvetat-sur-Agout (French pronunciation: [la salvəta syʁ aɡu(t)], lit. 'La Salvetat on Agout'; Occitan: La Salvetat) is a commune in the Hérault department in the Occitanie region in southern France.

Occitania (administrative region)
Occitania (French: Occitanie [ɔksitani] ⓘ; Occitan: Occitània [utsiˈtanjɔ]; Catalan: Occitània [uksiˈtaniə]) is the southernmost administrative region of metropolitan France excluding Corsica, located in the south of the country, created on 1 January 2016 from the former regions of Languedoc-Roussillon and Midi-Pyrénées. The Council of State approved Occitania as the new name of the region on 28 September 2016, coming into effect on 30 September 2016.

The modern administrative region is named after the larger cultural and historical region of Occitania, which corresponds with the southern third of France. The region of Occitania as it is today covers a territory similar to that ruled by the Counts of Toulouse in the 12th and 13th centuries. The banner of arms of the Counts of Toulouse, known colloquially as the Occitan cross, is used by the modern region and is also a popular cultural symbol. In 2022, Occitania had a population of 6,080,731.
Rangel Houses
Rangel Houses are a public housing project owned by the New York City Housing Authority (NYCHA). The housing complex consists of eight 14-story buildings and is located between the Harlem River Drive and the Harlem River Driveway  in the Washington Heights and Harlem neighborhoods of Manhattan in New York City. It was named after Ralph J. Rangel. The housing complex has 1,920 residents as of 2025.

Harlem River Drive
Harlem River Drive is a 4.20-mile (6.76 km) controlled-access parkway in the New York City borough of Manhattan. It runs along the west bank of the Harlem River from the Triborough Bridge in East Harlem to 10th Avenue in Inwood, where the parkway ends and the road continues northwest as Dyckman Street. South of the Triborough Bridge, the parkway continues toward lower Manhattan as FDR Drive. All of Harlem River Drive is designated New York State Route 907P (NY 907P), an unsigned reference route.

The parkway north of 165th Street was originally part of the Harlem River Speedway, a horse carriage roadway opened in 1898. The rest of the parkway from 125th to 165th Street opened to traffic in stages from 1951 to 1962. The parkway's ceremonial designation, 369th Harlem Hellfighters Drive, is in honor of the 369th Infantry Regiment, also known as the Harlem Hellfighters.
Anime Evolution
Anime Evolution is the general name for a number of anime conventions held in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It was organized by AE Convention Corp. until 2010 and by the Vancouver Anime Convention Society since 2012. It was traditionally held in August until 2012 before moving to June and then later July. The event was an annual three-day convention, and over time added two single day events, Harumatsuri and Akimatsuri. The summer event, called AE Summer, was shortened to a single day event in 2017. The 2019 Anime Evolution event: Harumatsuri saw a return to a multi-day format and a Burnaby venue.

Despite similar names, Anime Evolution has no connection to Anime Revolution, another Vancouver anime convention.

Anime and manga convention
An anime and manga convention (often called just anime convention) is a fan convention with a primary focus on anime, manga, and Japanese culture. Anime conventions are commonly multi-day events hosted at convention centers, hotels, or college campuses. They feature a wide variety of activities and panels, with a larger number of attendees participating in cosplay than most other types of fan conventions. Anime conventions are also used as a vehicle for industry, in which studios, distributors, and publishers represent their anime related releases. They also take place in multiple different countries, such as Japan, South Korea, China, India, Indonesia, the United States, Canada, Brazil, Australia, New Zealand, the United Kingdom, Ireland, France, Germany, Italy, Croatia, Spain, Norway, and Finland.
Paul Butler (cricketer)
Paul Richard Butler (born 26 June 1963) is a former English cricketer.  Butler was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace.  He was born in Sleaford, Lincolnshire.

Butler made his debut for Lincolnshire in the 1983 Minor Counties Championship against Cumberland.  Butler played Minor counties cricket for Lincolnshire from 1983 to 1995, which included 51 Minor Counties Championship matches and 11 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. He made his List A debut against Surrey in the 1983 NatWest Trophy.  He scored 4 runs in the match, before being dismissed by Ian Payne. He played a further List A match for Lincolnshire against Lancashire in the 1988 NatWest Trophy. In this match, he took 3 wickets for the cost of 20 runs from 2.5 overs, while with the bat he scored 33 runs before being dismissed by Jack Simmons.

Cumbria County Cricket Club
Cumbria County Cricket Club (formerly Cumberland County Cricket Club) is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic counties of Cumberland and Westmorland.

The team is currently a member of the National Counties Cricket Championship Eastern Division and plays in the NCCA Knockout Trophy. Cumbria played List A matches occasionally from 1984 until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

With Westmorland losing a CCC, Cumberland renamed to Cumbria to cover both counties. The rename to Cumbria takes inspiration from a similar local government reform. The club play at Carlisle (Edenside Ground), Workington and Penrith from Cumberland as well as Westmorland's former grounds in Kendal (Netherfield Cricket Club Ground) and Barrow-in-Furness, the latter originally Lancashire.
Ali Qapu Gate, Qazvin
The Ali Qapu Gate (Persian: سردر عالی قاپو) is a historic gate in Qazvin, Iran. Located at the beginning of the Sepah street, it is one of the 7 gates leading to the Safavid royal complex, and the only surviving one.

Sepah Street
The Sepah Street (Persian: خیابان سپه), also known as the Shohada Street (Persian: خیابان شهدا) is a street in Qazvin, Iran. It is the oldest planned street in Iran, built when Qazvin was the capital of Iran's Safavid empire.

The street leads to the Safavid royal complex in Qazvin, and passes next to the Jameh Mosque of Qazvin and Imamzadeh Hossein.
Defense Companies (Syria)
The Companies for the Defense of the Revolution (Arabic: سرايا الدفاع عن الثورة; Sarāyā ad-Difāʿʿan al-thawra), commonly referred to as Defense Companies, Defense Corps or Defense Brigades (Arabic: سرايا الدفاع; Sarāyā ad-Difāʿ) and informally called "Rifaat's boys", were a Syrian all-Alawite paramilitary force commanded by Rifaat al-Assad. Their task was to safeguard and defend the government of Hafez al-Assad, and the capital Damascus, from internal and external attack.

In 1984, the 55,000 strong (according to other sources, 60,000-70,000 strong) Defense Companies was dismantled and merged into the Syrian Arab Armed Forces expanding the Republican Guard, and the 14th Special Forces Division comprising 5 Special Forces regiments. The rump force then became the 569th Armored Division which later became the 4th Armoured Division.

BM-21 Grad
The BM-21 "Grad" (Russian: БМ-21 "Град", lit. 'hailstorm') is a self-propelled 122 mm multiple rocket launcher designed in the Soviet Union. The system and the M-21OF rocket were first developed in the early 1960s, and saw their first combat use in March 1969 during the Sino-Soviet border conflict. BM stands for boyevaya mashina (Russian: боевая машина – combat vehicle), and the nickname grad means "hail". The complete system with the BM-21 launch vehicle and the M-21OF rocket is designated as the M-21 field-rocket system and is more commonly known as a Grad multiple rocket launcher system.

In NATO countries the system, either the complete system or the launch vehicle only, was initially known as the M1964. Several other countries have copied the Grad or developed similar systems. In Russian service its intended replacement is the 9A52-4 Tornado. Many similar 122 mm MLRS systems are made by different countries based on the BM-21 Grad.
Lindera akoensis
Lindera akoensis, the Taiwan spicebush, is a species of flowering plant in the family Lauraceae, endemic to Taiwan, where it is found in thickets. A perennial shrub with fragrant foliage and showy flowers and fruit, it reaches 8 to 10 ft (2.4 to 3.0 m) at maturity. It is hardy in USDA zones 8 and 9, and is recommended for hedges, borders, and cottage gardens in partial shade.

Lauraceae
Lauraceae, or the laurels, is a plant family that includes the true laurel and its closest relatives. This family comprises about 2850 known species in about 45 genera worldwide. They are dicotyledons, and occur mainly in warm temperate and tropical regions, especially Southeast Asia and South America. Many are aromatic evergreen trees or shrubs, but some, such as Sassafras, are deciduous, or include both deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs, especially in tropical and temperate climates. The genus Cassytha is unique in the Lauraceae in that its members are parasitic vines. Many species within the laurel family are highly toxic; however, some, such as the avocado (Persea americana), are edible and widely consumed. Members of the laurel family have played a significant role in the spice trade, particularly genera like Cinnamomum, which produce aromatic oils used extensively in cooking, perfumery, and traditional medicine.
Wellington John Harris
Wellington John Harris (October 9, 1839–December 25, 1919) was a Canadian political figure in British Columbia. He served as the first reeve of Maple Ridge, and was elected to the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia for New Westminster from 1878–1882. He is the namesake of Harris Road, the main north-south thoroughfare in Pitt Meadows.

3rd Parliament of British Columbia
The 3rd Legislative Assembly of British Columbia sat from 1878 to 1882. The members were elected in the British Columbia general election held in May 1878. George Anthony Walkem was asked to form a government. Robert Beaven succeeded Walkem as premier in June 1882.

There were five sessions of the 3rd Legislature:

Frederick W. Williams served as speaker.
Merton Park Green Walks
Merton Park Green Walks is a linear walk along the line of a former railway line between Merton Park tram stop and Morden Road in Merton Park in the London Borough of Merton. It is a 1.5 hectare Local Nature Reserve and a Site of Borough Importance for Nature Conservation, Grade II, which is owned and managed by Merton Council.

The walk has a varied range of habitats, with grassland, woodland and scrub. There is also a small inaccessible area of elm scrub and brambles.

London Borough of Merton
The London Borough of Merton (/ˈmɜːrtən/ ⓘ) is a London borough in London, England. The borough was formed under the London Government Act 1963 in 1965 by the merger of the Municipal Borough of Mitcham, the Municipal Borough of Wimbledon and the Merton and Morden Urban District, all, apart from Wimbledon, were formerly within Surrey.

The main commercial centres in Merton are Mitcham, Morden and Wimbledon, of which Wimbledon is the largest. Other smaller centres include Raynes Park, Colliers Wood, South Wimbledon and Wimbledon Park. The borough is the host of the Wimbledon tournament, one of tennis's Grand Slam competitions.

The borough derives its name from the historic parish of Merton which was centred on the area now known as South Wimbledon. The local authority is Merton London Borough Council, which is based in Morden.
Central Stickney, Illinois
Central Stickney is an unincorporated community in Stickney Township, Cook County, Illinois, a half mile north of Midway International Airport. It consists of the areas around Central Avenue, between I-55 to the north and 51st Street, its southern boundary; east of Central, the northern boundary is roughly drawn between 47th and 48th Streets. It is bordered by the village of Forest View to the north and the Chicago community of Garfield Ridge to the south and east. The area consists of a residential neighborhood of approximately 150 acres to the east of Central Avenue and a business park to the west, as well as several small businesses along Central. It is served by the Central Stickney Fire Protection District and the Central Stickney Park District. Central Stickney has been trying to incorporate for many years, but faces possible annexation to the City of Chicago.

Garfield Ridge, Chicago
Garfield Ridge is the 56th of Chicago's 77 community areas. Located 10 miles (16 km) from the Loop, it is on the city's far southwest side. As of 2017, the area had 36,396 inhabitants.

Named for Garfield Boulevard and a nearby glacial ridge, the area suffered from land of poor quality and was historically used as a transportation corridor rather than a place of residence. Annexed to Chicago piecemeal in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, the area's population surged during the 1920s after Midway International Airport was constructed. The decline in the use of Midway in favor of O'Hare International Airport led to a corresponding decline in population, which transitioned from being predominately Eastern European to having a substantial number of Hispanic people. By 2017, Hispanics comprised almost half of the area's residents.

In addition to Midway Airport, the area is home to other transportation.
Berkes
Berkes is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antal Berkes (1874–1938), Hungarian painter

Eckart Berkes (1949–2014), German hurdler

Enikő Berkes, Hungarian ice dancer

Ferenc Berkes (born 1985), Hungarian chess grandmaster

Fikret Berkes (born 1945), Turkish Canadian ecologist

Kálmán Berkes (born 1952), Hungarian clarinetist

Milton Berkes (1924–2015), American politician

Niyazi Berkes (1908–1988), Turkish Cypriot sociologist

Olivér Berkes (born 1992), German-born Hungarian singer and songwriter

Zoltán Berkes (canoeist), Hungarian sprint canoer who competed in the late 1980s

Zoltán Berkes (field hockey) (1916–?), Hungarian field hockey player

Enikő Berkes
Enikő Berkes (born 3 October 1975) is a Hungarian former competitive ice dancer. Along with Szilárd Tóth, she is the 1993 Golden Spin of Zagreb bronze medalist and 1994 national champion. They represented Hungary at the 1994 Winter Olympics.
Boston Police Department
The Boston Police Department (BPD) is the primary law enforcement agency of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. Founded in 1854, the BPD is the oldest municipal police department in the United States. It is also the 20th largest law enforcement agency in the country, with 2,713 sworn and unsworn personnel.

Massachusetts Governor's Council
The Massachusetts Governor's Council (also known as the Executive Council) is a governmental body that provides advice and consent in certain matters – such as judicial nominations, pardons, and commutations – to the Governor of Massachusetts.  Councillors are elected by the general public and their duties are set forth in the Massachusetts Constitution.

The Governor's Council has gone through many different formations throughout its history, at times being simply a legal counsel, also serving as provincial magistrates and judges, sometimes acting as an executive in the absence of a Governor, to serving as an upper house of the Massachusetts General Court (the state legislature). Whether going by the name of "Council of Assistants" or Governor's Council, the power of the council has ebbed and flowed; however, it has remained a mainstay in New England politics from the earliest colonial days of Massachusetts Bay.