hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
National Poetry Award (Spain)
The National Award for Literature in the Poetry Category (Spanish: Premio Nacional de Literatura en la Modalidad de Poesía) has been presented annually by the Ministry of Culture of Spain since 1977.

It recognizes the best work of poetry by a Spanish author, in any of the Spanish languages. Works are nominated by a jury of experts, and must be first editions published in Spain in the prior year. It includes a monetary prize of €20,000.

Its antecedent was the National Literature Contest in the Poetry Category (Spanish: Concurso Nacional de Literatura en la Modalidad de Poesía), part of national contests established by Royal Order of the Ministry of Public Instruction and Fine Arts of 27 September 1922. It was given from 1924 to 1973.

Ministry of Culture (Spain)
The Ministry of Culture (MC) is the department of the Government of Spain responsible for the promotion, protection and dissemination of the Spanish historical heritage, national museums, art, books, reading and literary creation, of cinematographic and audiovisual activities and of national archives and libraries.

It is also responsible for the promotion and dissemination of culture in Spanish, as well as the promotion of cultural cooperation and, in coordination with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, European Union and Cooperation, of international relations in the field of culture.

The MCD is headed by the Culture Minister, a Cabinet member who is appointed by the Monarch on advice of the Prime Minister. The minister is assisted by a Secretary of State and an Under-Secretary. The current minister of Culture is, since 21 November 2023, Ernest Urtasun.
Garff (surname)
Garff is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Enrico Garff (born 1939), Italian painter

Joakim Garff (born 1960), Danish theologian

Ken Garff (1906–1997), American businessman

Melissa Garff Ballard, born Melissa Garff, American politician and music educator

Robert H. Garff (1942–2020), American businessman and politician

Enrico Garff
Enrico Garff (26 November 1939 – 1 September 2024) was an Italian portrait painter and colourist. Garff worked as an artist in Positano, Sorrento, Rome, Sicily and in Sweden and Finland.

His works include oils, watercolours, acrylics, gouaches and paintings on silk.
General Cepeda
General Cepeda is a city and seat of the municipality of General Cepeda, in the north-eastern Mexican state of Coahuila. The town is named after Victoriano Cepeda Camacho (1826-1892), a general and a governor of Coahuila.  Until 1892, the town was named San Francisco de los Patos and had been the headquarters for two of the largest estates in all of the Americas. In 2023, General Cepeda was designated a Pueblo Mágico by the Mexican government, recognizing its cultural and historical importance.

Administrative divisions of Mexico
Mexico is a federal republic composed of 32 federative entities (Spanish: entidades federativas): 31 states and Mexico City. According to the Constitution of Mexico, the states of the federation are free and sovereign in all matters concerning their internal affairs. Since 2016, Mexico City has been a fully autonomous entity on par with the states. Each state federative entity has its own congress and constitution.
Sanjan, Gujarat
Sanjan is a town situated in Umargam taluka in the Valsad district in the state of Gujarat, India. Sanjan is located around 70 km from the Valsad city. It is the earliest settlement of the Parsis in India.

Tower of Silence
A dakhma (Persian: دخمه), also known as a Tower of Silence (Persian: برجِ خاموشان), is a circular, raised structure built by Zoroastrians for excarnation (that is, the exposure of human corpses to the elements for decomposition), in order to avoid contamination of the soil and other natural elements by the dead bodies. Carrion birds, usually vultures, and other scavengers, consume the flesh. Skeletal remains are gathered into a central pit where further weathering and continued breakdown occurs.
Early Recordings Vol. 2
Early Recordings Vol. 2 is an album by blues musician Lightnin' Hopkins featuring tracks recorded at Gold Star Studios in Houston, Texas between 1946 and 1950, thirteen of which were originally released as 10-inch 78rpm records on the Gold Star and Dart labels, along with three others that were previously unissued. Arhoolie reissued The Gold Star Sessions on two CDs through Smithsonian Folkways in 1990.

SugarHill Recording Studios
SugarHill Recording Studios is a music recording studio located at 5628 Brock Street in Houston, Texas. Originally founded by Bill Quinn in 1941 as Quinn Recording, it is the oldest continuously operating studio in the United States. Renamed Gold Star Studios in 1950, the studio was important in launching the careers of such artists as Lightnin' Hopkins, The Big Bopper, George Jones, the Sir Douglas Quintet, and Roy Head. In 1972 under new ownership, the studio's name was changed to SugarHill Recording Studios. Artists who have recorded at SugarHill include Freddy Fender, Lucinda Williams, Selena, Destiny's Child, Beyoncé, Lee Ann Womack, Lil Wayne, J. Cole and many others. A landmark in the Houston music community, the studio is renowned for its collection of vintage recording equipment, reverb chamber rooms, EMT plate reverbs and a long history of music.
2021 in reptile paleontology
Paleontology portal

History of science portal

Dinosaurs portal

This list of fossil reptiles described in 2021 is a list of new taxa of fossil reptiles that were described during the year 2021, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to reptile paleontology that occurred in 2021.

Anisian
In the geologic timescale, the Anisian is the lower stage or earliest age of the Middle Triassic series or epoch and lasted from 246.7 million years ago until 241.464 million years ago. The Anisian Age succeeds the Olenekian Age (part of the Lower Triassic Epoch) and precedes the Ladinian Age.
Henco van Wyk
Henco van Wyk (born 7 May 2001) is a South African professional rugby union player for the Golden Lions in the Currie Cup and Lions in the United Rugby Championship. His regular position is outside centre. He was selected for the SA Schools Team in 2019.

Van Wyk was named in the Golden Lions squad for the 2021 Currie Cup Premier Division. He made his debut for the Golden Lions in Round 10 of the 2021 Currie Cup Premier Division against the Free State Cheetahs.

Henco van Wyk was named the Junior Springbok Player of the Year as he was a star for the national U20 side during their international series in 2021. He made his debut for the Lions in the United Rugby Championship against Edinburgh in April 2022.

In addition to his on-field prowess, Van Wyk has earned the nickname "Weapon X", a nod to the Marvel character Wolverine and an homage to American football player Brian Dawkins, known for his relentless aggression and similar playing style.

Brian Dawkins
Brian Patrick Dawkins Sr. (born October 13, 1973), nicknamed "Weapon X", is an American former professional football safety who played in the National Football League (NFL) for 16 seasons, primarily with the Philadelphia Eagles. He played college football for the Clemson Tigers and was selected by the Eagles in the second round of the 1996 NFL draft. In his last three seasons, he played for the Denver Broncos.

Regarded as one of the greatest safeties of all time, Dawkins was viewed as the leader of the Eagles defense, named to nine Pro Bowls and five All-Pro teams. He also made an appearance in Super Bowl XXXIX. In addition to his playing career, Dawkins served the Eagles as an executive of football operations for player development from 2016 to 2018 and was with the organization when they won Super Bowl LII. He was inducted to the Pro Football Hall of Fame in 2018.
Jacob Bethell
Jacob Graham Bethell (born 23 October 2003) is an English cricketer who plays for the England cricket team. He made his international debut in September 2024 against Australia at the Rose Bowl, Southampton. In domestic cricket, Bethell represents Warwickshire. He became England's youngest ever captain when he was appointed to lead the Twenty20 International side against Ireland in September 2025.

England under-19 cricket team
The England Under-19 cricket team represents England and Wales in international cricket,  have been playing official Under-19 Test matches since 1974. Prior to 1991/92 they were known as England Young Cricketers.

Former captains include Mike Atherton, Michael Vaughan, Alastair Cook and Andrew Flintoff, who have all gone on to captain the senior national team in Test matches after playing for this team.
2023–24 Gozo First Division
The 2023–24 Gozo First Division (known as the BOV GFL First Division for sponsorship reasons) was the 77th season of the Gozo Football League First Division, the highest division in Gozitan football. The season began on 7 September 2023 and ended on 21 April 2024.

Nadur Youngsters won the league title (their third consecutive title win and fifteenth overall). The seventh-placed team (Għajnsielem) qualified for the Gozo First Division play-off, winning to retain their place in the league. The bottom-placed team (Kerċem Ajax) were relegated to the 2024–25 Gozo Second Division.

Kerċem Ajax F.C.
Kerċem Ajax Football Club is a Gozitan, Malta, football club from the village of Kerċem, which plays in the Gozo First Division. Kerċem Ajax won the Gozitan Second Division 2011–2012 season with 50 points, an unbeaten season. Ajax won other two competitions in Gozitan football competitions, the Second Division Knock-Out against Munxar Falcons with the score of 2–0 and the Second Division Super Cup against Munxar Falcons with the score of 7–0. Ajax was promoted to Gozo First Division for the season 2012–2013. They beat Nadur Youngsters in 2013 winning the GFA Cup; the whites had the distinction of holding high all Gozo's 5 trophies. The Greens also introduced to the Maltese football players like Alfred Effiong and Jeremiah Ani apart from former international players like Stoyko Sakaliev.
The Greens won in 1985 the Gozo First Division and at other times the GFA Cup, GFA Super Cup, Independence Cup and Freedom Day Cup.
Inaba Masakuni
Viscount Inaba Masakuni (稲葉 正邦; July 26, 1834 – July 15, 1898) was a Japanese daimyō of the late-Edo period.  In the Edo period, the Makino were identified as one of the fudai or insider daimyō clans which were hereditary vassals or allies of the Tokugawa clan, in contrast with the tozama or outsider clans.

Fudai daimyō
Fudai daimyō (譜代大名) was a class of daimyō (大名) in the Tokugawa Shogunate (徳川幕府) of Japan who were hereditary vassals of the Tokugawa before the Battle of Sekigahara. Fudai daimyō and their descendants filled the ranks of the Tokugawa administration in opposition to the tozama daimyō and held most of the power in Japan during the Edo period.
June 2049 lunar eclipse
A penumbral lunar eclipse will occur at the Moon’s ascending node of orbit on Tuesday, June 15, 2049, with an umbral magnitude of −0.6970. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring only about 23.5 hours before perigee (on June 16, 2049, at 18:40 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be larger.

Magnitude of eclipse
The magnitude of eclipse is the fraction of the angular diameter of a celestial body being eclipsed. This applies to all celestial eclipses. The magnitude of a partial or annular solar eclipse is always between 0.0 and 1.0, while the magnitude of a total solar eclipse is always greater than or equal to 1.0, and has a theoretically maximum value of around 1.12.

This measure is strictly a ratio of diameters and should not be confused with the covered fraction of the apparent area (disk) of the eclipsed body. Neither should it be confused with the astronomical magnitude scale of apparent brightness.
Porc-Epic Cave
Porc-Epic Cave (also Porc Epic Cave, Porc-Épic Cave) is an archaeological site located in Dire Dawa, Oromia, Ethiopia. Dated back to the Middle Stone Age, the site contains extensive evidence of microlithic tools, bone, and faunal remains. The lithic assemblage reveals that inhabitants at the time were well-organized with their environment. There is also rock art and strong evidence for ochre processing. The site was first discovered in 1920 by H. De Monfreid and P. Teilhard De Chardin. H. Breuil and P. Wernert performed the first excavation in 1933, followed from 1974 to 1976 by J. Desmond Clark and K.D. Williamson. Succeeding this was an excavation in 1998. Porc-Epic Cave provides insight into the behavior and technical capability of modern humans in eastern Africa during the Middle Stone Age.

Henri Breuil
Henri Édouard Prosper Breuil (28 February 1877 – 14 August 1961), often referred to as Abbé Breuil (French pronunciation: [abe bʁœj]), was a French Catholic priest, archaeologist, anthropologist, ethnologist and geologist. He studied cave art in the Somme and Dordogne valleys as well as in Spain, Portugal, Italy, Ireland, China with Teilhard de Chardin, Ethiopia, British Somali Coast Protectorate, and especially southern Africa.
Neroli Matautia
Neroli Matautia (née Knight, b. September 13, 1974) is a former New Zealand rugby union player. At the age of 15, she made her debut for the Black Ferns against the Netherlands on 26 August 1990 at the RugbyFest in Christchurch.

Matautia was selected for the 1991 World Cup. She suffered a hamstring injury in a warm-up match against Saracens which ruled her out of the tournament. She managed to play in their third-place playoff match against France, which New Zealand lost 3–0. Matautia played 14 seasons for Wellington, scoring 161 points.

In 1999, she earned her official test cap against Canada. Matautia played her last test match against England in 2001. In 2009, she married her husband, Waihi church pastor Benhur Matautia.

Saracens Women
Saracens Women (/ˈsærəsənz/) are an English women's rugby union club based in Hendon, London. They were established in 1989, and currently play in Premiership Women's Rugby (PWR) and the PWR Cup, the top-level competitions of women's rugby in the country.

Saracens are one of the most successful women's teams in English domestic rugby union history. They have earned a total of 15 top-flight league titles – most recently in the 2021–22 season. In top-tier domestic cup competitions, they have won an additional 11 titles – most recently in the 2025–26 season.

The team also serves as the women's branch of Saracens Amateurs RFC, who themselves are affiliated to men's Premiership club Saracens.
Sergestidae
Sergestidae is a family of prawns which have lived since at least the Middle Jurassic (Bajocian/Bathonian of Monte Fallano Plattenkalk). It contains the following genera:

Acetes H. Milne-Edwards, 1830

Allosergestes Judkins & Kensley, 2008

Casertanus Bravi et al., 2014 †

Cretasergestes Garassino & Schweigert, 2006 †

Deosergestes Judkins & Kensley, 2008

Eusergestes Judkins & Kensley, 2008

Neosergestes Judkins & Kensley, 2008

Paleomattea Maisey & G. P. de Carvalho, 1995 †

Parasergestes Judkins & Kensley, 2008

Sergestes H. Milne-Edwards, 1830

Sergia Stimpson, 1860

Sicyonella Borradaile, 1910

Prawn
Prawn is a common name for small aquatic crustaceans with an exoskeleton and ten legs (members of the order of decapods), some of which are edible.

The term prawn is used particularly in the United Kingdom, Ireland, and Commonwealth nations, for large swimming crustaceans or shrimp, especially those with commercial significance in the fishing industry. Shrimp in this category often belong to the suborder Dendrobranchiata. In North America, the term is used less frequently, typically for freshwater shrimp. The terms shrimp and prawn themselves lack scientific standing. Over the years, the way they are used has changed, and in contemporary usage, the terms are almost interchangeable.
Namo Bharat Rapid Rail
Namo Bharat Rapid Rail (also referred to as Vande Metro) is a short-distance service that operates on an inter-city rail network to connect major cities within a distance of around 100–250 km (62–155 mi). The Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala had rolled out the first Basic Unit (4 coaches) of the train in April 2024. This train is part of the 'Make in India' initiative by the Government of India and entered commercial service in September 2024.

Rail Coach Factory, Kapurthala
The Rail Coach Factory at Kapurthala is a coach manufacturing unit of the Indian Railways in the Indian state of Punjab. It was set up in the year 1985 with an investment of ₹423 crore (US$342 million) in order to enhance production capacity for India's railways and generate employment for the youth of the state. The unit is located on the Jalandhar-Firozpur railway line, and currently, has the job of manufacturing new LHB and MEMU coaches.
Ashimi of Bornu
Hashim bin Umar al-Kanemi, called Ashimi or Hashimi, was the shehu (ruler) of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in 1885/1886–1893. Ashimi is remembered as a pious and honest but also weak and indecisive ruler. Ashimi presided over a time of both economic and political crisis and faced the colonial interests of Britain and France, as well as an invasion of the empire by the warlord Rabih az-Zubayr, challenges he proved unprepared for. In the aftermath of disastrous losses to Rabih in 1893, Ashimi was replaced as shehu with his nephew Kyari and then assassinated.

Sultanate of Bagirmi
The Sultanate or Kingdom of Bagirmi (French: Royaume du Baguirmi) was an Islamic sultanate southeast of Lake Chad in Central Africa. Founded in 1522, it was a tributary to the Bornu Empire for much of its existence, and lasted until 1897. Its capital was Massenya, north of the Chari River and close to the border to modern Cameroon. The kings had the title Mbang. Bagirmi was first mentioned in a Bornu chronicle in 1578 as "Bakarmi".

Bagirmi regained full independence from Bornu in the 18th century. It was conquered by Wadai in 1805, and again by Sudanese warlord Rabih az-Zubayr in 1893. In 1897 at the request of the mbang it became a French protectorate, and, after the killing of az-Zubayr and disintegration of his state, a French colony in 1902. The Sultanate continues to exist as a non-sovereign monarchy in Chad.
This Book Is Not Good for You
This Book Is Not Good for You is a book by anonymous author Pseudonymous Bosch.  It is part of the "Secret Series", a pentalogy of books written by Bosch, and is the sequel to The Name of This Book is Secret and If You're Reading This, It's Too Late. In the story, a famous chef named Señor Hugo captures Cass's mother in order to get Cass to bring him the legendary Tuning Fork for the Midnight Sun (the society whose goal is to find the Secret and be able to live forever), in hope that it will help the members achieve immortality.

Anonymous work
Anonymous works are works, such as art or literature, that have an anonymous, undisclosed, or unknown creator or author. In the case of very old works, the author's name may simply be lost over the course of history and time. There are a number of reasons anonymous works arise. Examples include Beowulf and The Arabian Nights.
Transition metal complexes of 2,2'-bipyridine
Transition metal complexes of 2,2'-bipyridine are coordination complexes containing one or more 2,2'-bipyridine ligands.  Complexes have been described for all of the transition metals.  Although few have any practical value, these complexes have been influential. 2,2'-Bipyridine (bipy) is classified as a diimine ligand.  Unlike the structures of pyridine complexes, the two rings in bipy are coplanar, which facilitates electron delocalization.  As a consequence of this delocalization, bipy complexes often exhibit distinctive optical and redox properties.

Transition metal pyridine complexes
Transition metal pyridine complexes encompass many coordination complexes that contain pyridine as a ligand.  Most examples are mixed-ligand complexes.  Many variants of pyridine are also known to coordinate to metal ions, such as the methylpyridines, quinolines, and more complex rings.
MV Ulysses (1941)
Ulysses was a 332 GRT coastal trading vessel that was built in 1941 as Empire Creek by J Pollock & Sons, Faversham, United Kingdom. She was built for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Empire Creek survived being bombed shortly after entering service. In 1946, she was sold into merchant service and renamed Springcreek. Further sales in 1948 and 1951 saw her named Goldcreek and Milborne respectively. In 1964, she was sold to Greece and renamed Georgios. In 1978, she was sold to Panama and renamed Ulysses, serving until she ran aground near Naples, Italy in 1979 and was wrecked.

Coastal trading vessel
Coastal trading vessels, also known as coasters or skoots, are shallow-hulled merchant ships used for transporting cargo along a coastline. Their shallow hulls mean that they can get through reefs where deeper-hulled seagoing ships usually cannot (26-28 feet), but as a result they are not optimized for the large waves found on the open ocean. Coasters can load and unload cargo in shallow ports.

For European inland waterways they are limited in size by the navigable dimensions of those waterways. E.g. ships on the French waterways are limited to the Freycinet gauge of 38.5m length, 5.05m breadth, and 2.5m  draft.
2015 NPF transactions
The following is a list 2015 NPF transactions that have occurred in the National Pro Fastpitch softball league since the completion of the 2014 season and during the 2015 season. It lists which team each player has been traded to, signed by, or claimed by, and for which player(s) or draft pick (s), if applicable. Players who have retired are also listed.

National Pro Fastpitch
National Pro Fastpitch (NPF), formerly the Women's Pro Softball League (WPSL), was a professional women's softball league in the United States. The teams battled for the Cowles Cup.

The WPSL was founded in 1997 and folded in 2001; the NPF revived the league in 2004 and disbanded in 2021 after two cancelled seasons due to COVID-19.  A new softball league, the Women's Professional Fastpitch (WPF), launched in 2022.
Edward H. Snow
Edward Hunter Snow (June 23, 1865 - July 18, 1932) was a Utah educator, politician, and leader in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.

Snow was born in St. George, Utah, to Erastus Snow and Julia Josephine Spencer. His father previously represented St. George in the Utah territorial legislature.

Snow was a delegate to the Utah Constitutional Convention of 1895. He was then elected to the State Senate and served in the 1st Utah State Legislature once statehood took effect in January 1896. Snow was re-elected to another term in 1897. He also served as a county superintendent of schools and as St. George city recorder.

As president of the St. George Stake of the church, he led the founding of the St. George Stake Academy in 1911, which later became Dixie College and is today Utah Tech University.

Utah State Senate
The Utah State Senate is the upper house of the Utah State Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Utah. The Utah Senate is composed of 29 elected members, each representing one senate district. Each senate district is composed of approximately 95,000 people. Members of the Senate are elected to four-year terms without term limits. The Senate convenes at the Utah State Capitol in Salt Lake City.

The last elections were held in 2024.