hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Glycineamide ribonucleotide
Glycinamide ribonucleotide (or GAR) is a biochemical intermediate in the formation of purine nucleotides via inosine-5-monophosphate, and hence is a building block for DNA and RNA. The vitamins thiamine and cobalamin also contain fragments derived from GAR.

Phosphoribosylamine (PRA)

GAR is the product of the enzyme phosphoribosylamine—glycine ligase acting on phosphoribosylamine (PRA) to combine it with glycine in a process driven by ATP. The reaction, EC 6.3.4.13 forms an amide bond:

PRA + glycine + ATP → GAR + ADP + Pi

The biosynthesis pathway next adds a formyl group from 10-formyltetrahydrofolate to GAR, catalysed by phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase in reaction EC 2.1.2.2 and producing formylglycinamide ribotide (FGAR):

GAR + 10-formyltetrahydrofolate → FGAR + tetrahydrofolate

Purine
Purine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound that consists of two rings (pyrimidine and imidazole) fused together. It is water-soluble. Purine also gives its name to the wider class of molecules, purines, which include substituted purines and their tautomers. They are the most widely occurring nitrogen-containing heterocycles in nature.
Panglong, Southern Shan State
Panglong (Shan: ပၢင်လူင်, Paang⁰long⁰, [pɑːŋ˨˦ loŋ˨˦]), officially Pinlon (ပင်လုံ, /pɪ̀ɴlòʊɴ/) is a town in Loilem Township of Loilem District, southern Shan State, Myanmar. The town is also home to Panglong University and is the largest town in Loilem Township. The Town is subdivided into 4 wards, each simply numbered one to four. Ward Two has the most people at 14,563 people. Buddhism is the largest religion, professed by 95.7% of residents.

Shan language
Shan is the native language of the Shan people and is mostly spoken in Shan State, Myanmar. It is also spoken in pockets in other parts of Myanmar, in Northern Thailand, in Yunnan, in Laos, in Cambodia, in Vietnam and decreasingly in Assam and Meghalaya. Shan is a member of the Kra–Dai language family and is related to Thai. It has five tones, which do not correspond exactly to Thai tones, plus a sixth tone used for emphasis. The term Shan is also used for related Northwestern Tai languages, and it is called Tai Yai or Tai Long in other Tai languages. Standard Shan, which is also known as Tachileik Shan, is based on the dialect of the city of Tachileik.

In 2019, Ethnologue estimated there were 3.3 million Shan speakers, including 3.2 million in Myanmar. The Mahidol University Institute for Language and Culture estimates there are gave the number of Shan speakers in Thailand as 95,000 in 2006. Many Shan speak local dialects as well as the language of their trading partners.
SkyWay Enterprises Flight 7101
On October 29, 2014, Skyway Enterprises Flight 7101, a Short 360 cargo aircraft operating a non-scheduled flight from Princess Juliana International Airport on the Caribbean island of Saint Martin to San Juan, Puerto Rico, crashed into the sea shortly after take-off, killing both crew members on board.

The subsequent investigation concluded that somatogravic illusion most likely led to in-flight loss of control and the resulting crash.

Sensory illusions in aviation
Human senses are not naturally geared for the in-flight environment. Pilots may experience disorientation and loss of perspective, creating illusions that range from false horizons to sensory conflict with instrument readings or the misjudging of altitude over water.
Kiarostami (surname)
Kiarostami is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abbas Kiarostami (1940–2016), Iranian film director, screenwriter, poet, photographer, and film producer

Bahman Kiarostami (born 1978), Iranian film director, cinematographer, film editor, and film producer, son of Abbas Kiarostami

Bahman Kiarostami
Bahman Kiarostami (Persian: بهمن کیارستمی; born 11 August 1978, in Tehran) is an Iranian film director, cinematographer, film editor and film producer. He is the son of the late critically acclaimed Abbas Kiarostami. The main theme in Kiarostami's films are art and music.
Tampere Academic Symphony Orchestra
Tampereen akateeminen sinfoniaorkesteri (TASO, Tampere Academic Symphony Orchestra) is an amateur symphony orchestra in Tampere, Finland. It was founded in 2003 and provides a great opportunity for local university students - and others interested - to play in a full symphony orchestra. It consists of about 70 members - many of whom are students at the University of Tampere, Tampere University of Technology or Tampere University of Applied Sciences. TASO performs at least once every autumn and spring.

University of Tampere
The University of Tampere (UTA) (Finnish: Tampereen yliopisto (Tay), Latin: Universitas Tamperensis) was a public university in Tampere, Finland that was merged with Tampere University of Technology to create the new Tampere University on 1 January 2019.

The university offered undergraduate, postgraduate and doctoral programmes with 20,178 degree students and 1,981 employees as of 2016. Founded in 1925 in Helsinki as the Civic College (Finnish: Kansalaiskorkeakoulu) and from 1930 onwards known as the School of Social Sciences (Finnish: Yhteiskunnallinen korkeakoulu), the institution relocated to Tampere in 1960 and was renamed as the University of Tampere in 1966. In 2016, its budget was €184.6 million of which 59% was government funding.
Jane Vongvorachoti
Jane Vongvorachoti (born 7 January 1984) is a Thai long-distance runner.

Vongvorachoti studied in the United States and has a degree in health administration from Columbia University. In 2014, she was named New York Road Runners' Runner of the Year for her age group.  She won a bronze medal in the 10,000 metres at the 2015 Southeast Asian Games. She placed 91st in the 2016 Olympic marathon.

Health administration
Health administration, healthcare administration, healthcare management, health services management or hospital management is the field relating to leadership, management, and administration of public health systems, health care systems, hospitals, and hospital networks in all the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors.
Osmund Bopearachchi
Osmund Bopearachchi (born 1949) is a Sri Lankan historian and numismatist who has specialized notably standardized the coinage of the Indo-Greek and Greco-Bactrian kingdoms. He is currently Emeritus Director of the CNRS at the École normale supérieure and Adjunct Professor of Central and South Asian Art, Archaeology, and Numismatics, University of California, Berkeley.

Numismatics
Numismatics is the study or collection of currency,  including coins, tokens, paper money, medals, and related objects.

Specialists, known as numismatists, are often characterized as students or collectors of coins, but the discipline also includes the broader study of money and other means of payment used to resolve debts and exchange goods.

The earliest forms of money used by people are categorised by collectors as "odd and curious", but the use of other goods in barter exchange is excluded, even where used as a circulating currency (e.g., cigarettes or instant noodles in prison). As an example, the Kyrgyz people used horses as the principal currency unit, and gave small change in lambskins; the lambskins may be suitable for numismatic study, but the horses are not. Many objects have been used for centuries, such as cowry shells, precious metals, cocoa beans, large stones, and gems.
Irvine Creek (Ontario)
Irvine Creek is a creek in the municipality of Centre Wellington, Wellington County in southwestern Ontario, Canada. It is in the Great Lakes Basin and is a right tributary of the Grand River.

The creek begins at the confluence of two unnamed tributary streams in geographic West Garafraxa Township near the settlement of Dracon and flows southeast towards Lake Belwood. Before reaching the lake, it then turns southwest, then northwest and reaches the settlement of Living Springs. It turns southwest, passes under Ontario Highway 6, enters geographic Nichol Township, and reaches the community of Salem. The creek then flows southwest and reaches its mouth at the Grand River at the community of Elora. The Grand River flows to Lake Erie.

Great Lakes Basin
The Great Lakes Basin consists of the Great Lakes and the surrounding lands of the states of Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Minnesota, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin in the United States, and the province of Ontario in Canada, whose direct surface runoff and watersheds form a large drainage basin that feeds into the lakes. It is generally considered to also include a small area around and beyond Wolfe Island, Ontario, at the east end of Lake Ontario, which does not directly drain into the Great Lakes, but into the Saint Lawrence River.

The Basin is at the center of the Great Lakes region.
Kettlewell (surname)
Kettlewell is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bernard Kettlewell (1907–1979), British physician and geneticist

Danielle Kettlewell (born 1992), Australian synchronised swimmer

John Kettlewell (1653–1695), English clergyman

Henry Kettlewell (1876–1963), British cricketer

Professor Kettlewell, a villain in the Doctor Who television serial Robot

Richard Wildman Kettlewell (1910-1994), official in Nyasaland

Roger Kettlewell (born 1945), Canadian football player

Ruth Kettlewell (1913–2007), British actress

Stuart Kettlewell (b. 1984), Scottish footballer

Bernard Kettlewell
Henry Bernard Davis Kettlewell (24 February 1907 – 11 May 1979) was a British geneticist, lepidopterist and medical doctor, who performed research on the influence of industrial melanism on peppered moth (Biston betularia) coloration, showing why moths are darker in polluted areas. This experiment is cited as a classic demonstration of natural selection in action. After live video record of the experiment with Niko Tinbergen, Sewall Wright called the study as "the clearest case in which a conspicuous evolutionary process has actually been observed."
Eku Edewor
Georgina Chloe Eku Edewor-Thorley, otherwise known as Eku Edewor (born 18 December 1986), is a British Nigerian actress, television presenter, and model. She is best known for her work as host of the entertainment television program 53 Extra on Africa Magic.

Africa Magic
Africa Magic is a collection of Pay TV entertainment channels that focus on African programming, most popularly Nigerian series and movies. Africa Magic, which started off as single channel of the same name, is a brand owned by M-Net and now comprises seven channels.
Gaston Flosse
Gaston Flosse (born 24 June 1931) is a French Polynesian politician who has been President of French Polynesia on five separate occasions. He is currently a member of the Senate of France and has been a French junior minister under Jacques Chirac. He received sentences for corruption, which are under appeal.

Pīraʻe
Pīraʻe [piːraʔe] is a commune in the suburbs of Papeʻete in French Polynesia, an overseas collectivity of France in the Pacific Ocean. Pīraʻe is located on the island of Tahiti, in the administrative subdivision of the Windward Islands, themselves part of the Society Islands. It borders Papeʻete in the west and Arue in the east. At the 2022 census it had a population of 14,068. The Stade Pater Te Hono Nui is a stadium located in the commune.
José Joaquín Agulló, Count of Ripalda
José Joaquín Agulló Sánchez de Belmont y Ripalda (1810–1878) was a Spanish nobleman, who held the titles of VI Conde de Ripalda, IV Marqués de Campo Salinas and Barón de Tamarit. He was the founder of the Spanish Red Cross, and Senator for life between 1864 and 1868.

Senator for life
A senator for life is a member of the senate or equivalent upper chamber of a legislature who has life tenure. As of 2023, five Italian senators out of 205, one Congolese senator out of 109, and all members of the British House of Lords (apart from the 26 Lords Spiritual who are expected to retire at the age of 70) have lifetime tenure (although Lords can choose to resign or retire or can be expelled in cases of misconduct). Several South American countries once granted lifetime membership to former presidents but have since abolished the practice.
Reuss (surname)
Reuss is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adolph Reuss (1804–1878), a German herpetologist

Albert Franz Theodor Reuss (1879–1958), amateur German herpetologist

Allan Reuss (1915–1988), American musician

August Emanuel von Reuss (1811–1873), a Bohemian-Austrian geologist and paleontologist

August Leopold von Reuss (1841–1924), Bohemian-Austrian ophthalmologist

Édouard Guillaume Eugène Reuss (1804–1891), a theologian

Heinrich XIII Prinz Reuss (born 1951), a German aristocrat accused of terrorism

Henry S. Reuss (1912–2002), an American Congressman

Isabel Reuss (born 1962), a Mexican freestyle swimmer

Jerry Reuss (born 1949), an American baseball player

Mark Reuss (born 1963), Global President of General Motors Co.

Theodor Reuss (1855–1923), German occultist

Heinrich XIII Prinz Reuss
Heinrich XIII Prinz Reuss (German: Heinrich XIII. Prinz Reuß, pronounced [ˈhaɪnʁɪç deːɐ̯ ˈdʁaɪˌtseːntə pʁɪnts ˈʁɔʏs]; born 4 December 1951) is a German businessman, far-right and monarchist activist, and member of the aristocratic – formerly sovereign – House of Reuss. A proponent of the Reichsbürger movement and antisemitic conspiracy theories, Reuss was arrested by German Federal Police in December 2022 due to his alleged leadership in the 2022 German coup d'état plot.
10th TVyNovelas Awards
The 10th TVyNovelas Awards were an academy of special awards to the best soap operas and TV shows. The awards ceremony took place on 1992 in Mexico City. The ceremony was televised in Mexico by Canal de las Estrellas.

Raúl Velasco hosted the show. Cadenas de amargura won 8 awards, the most for the evening, including Best Telenovela. Other winners La pícara soñadora won 3 awards, Milagro y magia and Muchachitas won 2 awards and Alcanzar una estrella II, Al filo de la muerte and En carne propia won 1 each.

Raúl Velasco
Raúl Velasco Ramírez (April 24, 1933 – November 26, 2006) was a Mexican host/producer of the TV show Siempre en Domingo (Always on Sunday) which is his hallmark contribution to the Latin American world and eventually to other parts of the world where Spanish entertainment programs are broadcast.

Velasco began this program as co-host of a Sunday afternoon special in 1969 called Domingos Espectaculares (Spectacular Sundays).
One of his catch phrases was, "Aún hay más" ("There's more to follow"). For a short while, Siempre en Domingo was known as Aún hay más because he would always say these words prior to each intermission or commercial, with the hand gesture that corresponds to a request for a commercial break, similar to what Frank Sinatra might have said or sung, The best is yet to come. . . The phrase and hand gesture became popular in Mexico as a result. (y aún hay más... amigos!)
Lee's Legendary Marbles and Collectables
Lee's Legendary Marbles and Collectables is a museum in York, Nebraska. The museum specializes in displaying, storing and sometimes selling parts of a toy marble collection Lee Batterton amassed over 70 years. In 2023, it was officially recognized as the World's Largest Collection of Marbles.

Marble (toy)
A marble is a small spherical object often made from glass, clay, steel, plastic, or agate. These toys can be used for a variety of games called marbles, as well being placed in marble runs or races, or created as a form of art. Sizes may vary, but usually range from about 0.5 to 3.5 cm (0.2 to 1.4 in) in diameter. They are often collected, both for nostalgia and for their aesthetic colors. In northern England, the game and objects are called "taws", with larger marbles being called "bottle washers", named after the use of a marble in Codd-neck bottles.
Jack Binder
Jack Binder is an American film producer of such films as The Upside of Anger, First Reformed, Reign Over Me and television producer for The Mind of the Married Man, HBO, The Comedy Store, Showtime, and second unit director active since 1985. Binder works with the major Hollywood studios and independent film companies. Based in Los Angeles and London, Binder produces worldwide and is involved in film finance. He formed Michigan Film Production to provide information on the Michigan Film Incentives program, which he helped create with the legislature and Governor and created FilmBudget.com, a site that creates a feature film budget & film finance plans for financing and movie production. Binder's production company is Greentrees Films. Jack has worked with his brother Mike Binder, a writer, actor and director for over 25 years, collaborating on many productions together.

The Comedy Store
The Comedy Store is an American comedy club opened in April 1972. It is located in West Hollywood, California, at 8433 Sunset Boulevard on the Sunset Strip. An associated club is located in La Jolla, San Diego, California.
Kiokee, Georgia
Kiokee is an unincorporated community in Columbia County in the U.S. state of Georgia. It is located along Georgia State Route 104, 7 miles (11 km) northwest of Evans and 17 miles (27 km) northwest of downtown Augusta.

Georgia State Route 104
State Route 104 (SR 104) is a 22.3-mile-long (35.9 km) state highway in the east-central part of the U.S. state of Georgia. Most of its eastern portion is an urban corridor in the Augusta metropolitan area. It travels within portions of Columbia and Richmond counties. It is known as Washington Road from its western terminus to the Columbia–Richmond county line. On both sides of the county line, it is known as Pleasant Home Road. It is known as Riverwatch Parkway from just west of the county line to the northern part of downtown Augusta. In downtown, it is known as part of Jones Street and Reynolds Street.
Badminton at the 2018 Asian Games – Men's doubles
The badminton men's doubles tournament at the 2018 Asian Games in Jakarta took place from 23 to 28 August at Istora Gelora Bung Karno.

The Indonesian duo of Marcus Fernaldi Gideon and Kevin Sanjaya Sukamuljo won the gold in this tournament.

Marcus Fernaldi Gideon
Marcus Fernaldi Gideon (born 9 March 1991) is an Indonesian former badminton player who was ranked world No. 1 in the men's doubles by the Badminton World Federation alongside Kevin Sanjaya Sukamuljo. He plays for PB Jaya Raya, and has been a member of the club since June 2018. He and Sukamuljo were recognized as one of the most outstanding players, and awarded as the BWF Best Male Players of the Year for two years in a row after collecting seven Superseries titles in 2017 and eight World Tour titles in 2018, including two back-to-back All England Open titles.

Gideon and Sukamuljo are often referred to as "the Minions" because of their below average height and for their fast and agile playing style, jumping and bouncing just like the Minions in the film Despicable Me. Gillian Clark, a BWF commentator, stated that the fast play shown by Gideon and Sukamuljo have taken the men's doubles game to a new level and makes the matches more exciting to watch.
Capsule endoscopy
Capsule endoscopy is a medical procedure used to record internal images of the gastrointestinal tract for use in disease diagnosis. Newer developments are also able to take biopsies and release medication at specific locations of the entire gastrointestinal tract. Unlike the more widely used endoscope, capsule endoscopy provides the ability to see the middle portion of the small intestine. It can be applied to the detection of various gastrointestinal cancers, digestive diseases, ulcers, unexplained bleedings, and general abdominal pains. After a patient swallows the capsule, it passes along the gastrointestinal tract, taking a number of images per second which are transmitted wirelessly to an array of receivers connected to a portable recording device carried by the patient. General advantages of capsule endoscopy over standard endoscopy include the minimally invasive procedure setup, ability to visualize more of the gastrointestinal tract, and lower cost of the procedure.

Inflammatory bowel disease
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of inflammatory conditions of the colon and small intestine, with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis (UC) being the principal types. Crohn's disease affects the small intestine and large intestine, as well as the mouth, esophagus, stomach and the anus, whereas UC primarily affects the colon and the rectum.
Parahippus leonensis
Parahippus leonensis is an extinct proto-horse of the family Equidae that was endemic to North America during the Miocene from 23.03 to 16.3 million years ago, living for approximately 6.73 million years.

Parahippus leonensis was named for Leon or more specifically Leon County, Florida.

Leon County, Florida
Leon County is a county in the Panhandle of the U.S. state of Florida. It was named after the Spanish explorer Juan Ponce de León. As of the 2020 census, the population was 292,198. The county seat is Tallahassee, which is also the state capital and home to many politicians, lobbyists, jurists, and attorneys. Leon County is included in the Tallahassee, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area. Tallahassee is home to two of Florida's major public universities, Florida State University and Florida A&M University, as well as Tallahassee State College. Together these institutions have a combined enrollment of more than 70,000 students. It was an area of cotton cultivation. About 30 percent of Leon County is African American. The area includes red rolling hills.
Rostovskoye, Arkhangelsk Oblast
Rostovskoye (Russian: Ростовское) is a rural locality (a village) in Osinovskoye Rural Settlement of Vinogradovsky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. The population was 56 as of 2010. There is 1 street.

Vinogradovsky District
Vinogradovsky District (Russian: Виногра́довский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. As a municipal division, it is incorporated as Vinogradovsky Municipal District. It is located in the center of the oblast and borders with Pinezhsky District in the northeast, Verkhnetoyemsky District in the southeast, Shenkursky District in the south, Plesetsky District in the southwest, the town of oblast significance of Mirny in the west, and with Kholmogorsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 12,600 square kilometers (4,900 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Bereznik. Population:  16,753 (2010 Census); 20,862 (2002 Census); 24,834 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Bereznik accounts for 35.9% of the district's total population.
Pierre-Jean Samot
Pierre-Jean Samot (21 August 1934 – 14 June 2024) was a politician from Martinique. He was Mayor of Le Lamentin from 1989 to 2018. In the 2002 French legislative election he was elected to the National Assembly from Martinique's 3rd constituency.  However, his election  was invalidated by the Constitutional Council on 27 February 2003 and he was replaced by his substitute Philippe Edmond-Mariette. Samot died on 14 June 2024, at the age of 89.

Substitute (elections)
A substitute is a political candidate who is not directly elected, but who succeeds a politician holding an elected office after that person ceases to hold the office due to, for example, resignation or death. This system can be used to fill casual vacancies instead of holding by-elections or special elections to fill the vacant office. Substitutes are nominated, not at the time the vacancy arises but, rather, before the election for the information of voters. In voting systems which use electoral lists, the candidates on a given list who are not among those initially elected may become the substitutes for those who are. In other systems, individual candidates may have substitutes.