hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paopi 12
Paopi 11 – Coptic calendar – Paopi 13

The twelfth day of the Coptic month of Paopi, the second month of the Coptic year. On a common year, this day corresponds to October 9, of the Julian calendar, and October 22, of the Gregorian calendar. This day falls in the Coptic season of Peret, the season of emergence.

Season of the Emergence
The Season of the Emergence (Ancient Egyptian: Prt) was the second season of the lunar and civil Egyptian calendars. It fell after the Season of the Inundation (Ꜣḫt) and before the Season of the Harvest (Šmw). In the Coptic and Egyptian calendars this season begins at the start of the month of Tobi (about 9 January), continues through the months of Meshir and Paremhat, before concluding at the end of Parmouti (about 8 May).: 453
Simon Hickey
Simon Hickey (born 12 January 1994) is a New Zealand rugby union player who plays for Crusaders (rugby union) in the Super Rugby.

He has represented Auckland in the National Provincial Championship, playing as a first five-eighth. He is a former New Zealand Schools representative and was captain of both the King's College 1st XV and its 1st XI cricket team. He made his Auckland debut after coming off the bench in a 59–16 win over Manawatu at Eden Park, contributing two conversions.

Simon Hickey had signed for the Hurricanes (rugby union) for the 2021 season, however ruptured his ACL during pre season ending his season prematurely. This led to him being signed by the Crusaders (rugby union) for 2022.

New Zealand national schoolboy rugby union team
The New Zealand Schools rugby union team, commonly referred to as the New Zealand schoolboys rugby team, is composed of secondary school students in New Zealand.

In 1980 the New Zealand schoolboys rugby team had their first overseas tour, to Australia.

Many of the players have gone on to play for professional clubs or provinces or for the All Blacks or other international teams.
Lorraine-Dietrich aero-engines
Lorraine-Dietrich was a French automobile and aircraft engine manufacturer from 1896 until 1935, created when railway locomotive manufacturer Société Lorraine des Anciens Etablissments de Dietrich and Cie (known as De Dietrich et Cie, founded in 1884 by Jean de Dietrich) branched into the manufacture of automobiles. The Franco-Prussian War divided the company's manufacturing capacity, one plant in Niederbronn-les-Bains, Alsace, the other in Lunéville, Lorraine.

Niederbronn-les-Bains
Niederbronn-les-Bains (French pronunciation: [nidəʁbʁɔn le bɛ̃]; German: Bad Niederbronn) is a commune in the Bas-Rhin department in Grand Est in north-eastern France. It is positioned between Bitche and Wissembourg, close to the current frontier with Germany.

Niederbronn-les-Bains is part of the Northern Vosges Regional Natural Park.   It has a tradition as a spa town, and continues to attract tourists and other visitors needing to recuperate.
Consumer Expenditure Survey
The Consumer Expenditure Survey (CE or CEX) is a  Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) household survey that collects information on the buying habits of U.S. consumers.  The program consists of two components — the Interview Survey and the Diary Survey — each with its own sample. The surveys collect data on expenditures, income, and consumer unit characteristics. In May 2020, the American Association for Public Opinion Research recognized the CE program with its 2020 Policy Impact Award, for joint work by the BLS -- including CE and the Division of Price and Index Number Research -- and the Census Bureau on the Supplemental Poverty thresholds and measure, and the essential contributions these data products have made to the understanding, discussion, and advancement of public policy related to the alleviation of poverty in the United States.

Consumer
A consumer is a person or a group who intends to order, or use purchased goods, products, or services primarily for personal, social, family, household and similar needs, who is not directly related to entrepreneurial or business activities.  The term most commonly refers to a person who purchases goods and services for personal use.
Sock-a-Bye Baby
Sock-a-Bye Baby is a 1942 short subject directed by Jules White starring American slapstick comedy team The Three Stooges (Moe Howard, Larry Fine and Curly Howard). It is the 66th entry in the series released by Columbia Pictures starring the comedians, who released 190 shorts for the studio between 1934 and 1959.

Moe Howard
Moe Howard (born Moses Harry Horwitz; June 19, 1897 – May 4, 1975) was an American comedian and actor. He is best known as the leader and straight man of The Three Stooges, the farce comedy team who starred in motion pictures, short films, and television for four decades. The group started out as Ted Healy and His Stooges, an act that toured the vaudeville circuit. Moe's distinctive hairstyle came about when he was a boy and cut off his curls with a pair of scissors, producing an irregular shape approximating a bowl cut.
Judo at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's 57 kg
The women's 57 kg competition in judo at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro was held on 8 August at the Carioca Arena 2.

The gold and silver medals were determined by a single-elimination tournament, with the winner of the final taking gold and the loser receiving silver.  Judo events awarded two bronze medals.  Quarterfinal losers competed in a repechage match for the right to face a semifinal loser for a bronze medal (that is, the judokas defeated in quarterfinals A and B competed against each other, with the winner of that match facing the semifinal loser from the other half of the bracket).

The medals for the competition were presented by Yumilka Ruiz, Cuba, member of the International Olympic Committee and the gifts were presented by Sergey Soloveychik, vice president of the International Judo Federation.

Yumilka Ruiz
Yumilka Daysi Ruíz Luaces (born 8 May 1978) is a Cuban retired volleyball player who represented her native country in four consecutive Summer Olympics, starting in 1996. She won Olympic gold medals with the national team in 1996 and 2000. She also claimed the bronze at the 2004 Olympics. As an outside hitter, she was integral to the dominance of the Cuban team in the late 1990s and early 2000s.

In 2023, Ruíz was inducted into the International Volleyball Hall of Fame.
Nicholas I Hédervári
Nicholas (I) Hédervári (Hungarian: Hédervári (I.) Miklós; died February/May 1330) was a Hungarian nobleman in the early 14th century, who served as ispán of Győr County from 1324 until his death. The powerful and wealthy Hédervári (or Héderváry) family descended from him.

Győr County
Győr county (in Hungarian: Győr (vár)megye) was an administrative county (comitatus) of the Kingdom of Hungary, situated mostly on the right (south) side of the Danube river. Its territory is now part of Hungary, except seven villages on the left side of the Danube which belong to Slovakia. The capital of the county was the city of Győr.
Gouda, South Holland
Gouda (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɣʌudaː] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the west of the Netherlands, between Rotterdam and Utrecht, in the  province of South Holland. Gouda has a population of 75,000 and is famous for its Gouda cheese, stroopwafels, many grachten, smoking pipes, and its 15th-century city hall. Its array of historic churches and other buildings makes it a very popular day-trip destination.

In the Middle Ages the Van der Goude family founded a settlement at the location of the current city and built a fortified castle alongside the banks of the Gouwe River, from which the family and the city took their names. Locals long called the settlement Ter Goude, or Tergou or Tergouw for short.
The area, originally marshland, developed over the course of two centuries. By 1225, a canal was linked to the Gouwe and its estuary became a harbour. In 1272 Floris V, Count of Holland granted the city city rights.

Tourism in the Netherlands
Tourism in the Netherlands is a relatively small sector of the country's economy with a total contribution of 5.4% to gross domestic product and 9.6% to employment. In 2017 the Netherlands was visited by 17 million foreign tourists (with more than 5 million coming from Germany), making it the 20th most visited country in the world.
Alberta Rules of Court
The Alberta Rules of Court are a regulation enacted pursuant to the Alberta Judicature Act, and form the civil practice and procedural rules governing court proceedings in the Canadian province of Alberta, specifically in the Court of King's Bench of Alberta and Alberta Court of Appeal.

The current Rules are identified as Alta. Reg. 124/2010, and came into force in November, 2010.

The Alberta Law Reform Institute (ALRI), the province's law commission, was given a mandate in 2001 to review the Rules of Court and produce recommendations for a new set of Rules. The project goal was to create rules that are clear, useful and effective tools for accessing a fair, timely and cost efficient civil justice system. Alta. Reg. 256/2010.

Civil procedure in Canada
In Canada, the rules of civil procedure are administered separately by each jurisdiction, both federal and provincial. Nine provinces and three territories in Canada are common law jurisdictions. One province, Quebec, is governed by civil law.

In all provinces and territories, there is an inferior and superior court. For certain matters, jurisdiction lies at first instance with the Federal Court. In all cases, the final court of appeal is the Supreme Court of Canada.
Sikyonioi
Sikyonios or Sikyonioi (Greek: Σικυώνιος/Σικυώνιοι), translated as The Sicyonian(s) or The Man from Sicyon, is an Ancient Greek comedy by Menander. About half of the play has survived in fragments of papyrus used to stuff several mummies in the cemetery of Medinet-el-Ghoran in the Faiyum, where they were discovered in 1901 by Pierre Jouguet. The first acts are almost completely lost, but the rest, although the manuscript is often corrupt, lacunose and hard to read, allows a fair reconstruction of the plot.

Faiyum
Faiyum (/faɪˈjuːm/ fy-YOOM; Egyptian Arabic: الفيوم, romanized: el-Fayyūm, locally [elfæjˈjuːm]) is a city in Middle Egypt. Located 100 kilometres (62 miles) southwest of Cairo, in the Faiyum Oasis, it is the capital of the modern Faiyum Governorate. It is one of Egypt's oldest cities due to its strategic location.
Ministry of Emergency Situations
Ministry of Emergency Situations is a ministry tasked with firefighting, civil defence and occupational safety in several countries:

Ministry of Emergency Situations (Armenia)

Ministry of Emergency Situations (Azerbaijan)

Ministry of Emergency Situations (Belarus)

Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China

Ministry of Emergency Situations (Kazakhstan)

Ministry of Emergency Situations (Kyrgyzstan)

Ministry of Emergency Situations (Russia)

Committee of Emergency Situations and Civil Defense of Tajikistan

State Emergency Service of Ukraine

Ministry of Emergency Situations (Uzbekistan)

Ministry of Emergency Situations (Uzbekistan)
The Ministry of Emergency Situations (Uzbek: Oʻzbekiston Respublikasi Favqulodda vaziyatlar vazirligi; abbreviated MCHS) is the government agency overseeing emergency services in Uzbekistan. It is responsible for aiding the people of Uzbekistan and protecting them during natural disasters, overseeing emergency measures, and coordination of other ministries and departments in such events.
Snapaka Yohannan
Snapaka Yohannan (transl. John the Baptist) is a 1963 Indian Malayalam-language film about John the Baptist, directed and produced by P. Subramaniam. The film stars Jose Prakash, Prem Nazir, Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair, Miss Kumari, S. P. Pillai, K. V. Shanthi, L. Vijayalakshmi and Adoor Pankajam. The film had musical score by Br. Lakshmanan.

K. V. Shanthi
K. V. Shanthi (25 June 1937 – 21 September 2020) known by her stage name Shanthi was an Indian actress acted in Malayalam, Telugu, Hindi and Tamil movies. She was a prominent lead actress and dancer in Indian Cinema during the late 1950s, 1960s and 1970s. She appeared in famous Hindi films like Chori Chori of 1956.
Star of South Africa (1952)
The Star of South Africa, post-nominal letters SSA, is a military decoration for merit which was instituted by the Union of South Africa from 1952 to 1975. It was awarded to general and flag officers of the South African Defence Force for exceptionally meritorious service. The Star of South Africa was discontinued on 1 July 1975, when a new set of orders, decorations and medals was instituted.

Kimberley, South Africa
Kimberley  (Khoekhoe: ǃ’Ās; Tswana: Kimbali) is the capital and largest city of the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It is located approximately 110 km east of the confluence of the Vaal and Orange Rivers. The city has considerable historical significance because of its diamond mining past and the siege during the Second Boer War. The British businessmen Cecil Rhodes and Barney Barnato made their fortunes in Kimberley, and Rhodes also established the De Beers diamond company in the early days of the mining town.

On 2 September 1882, Kimberley became the first city in the Southern Hemisphere and the second in the world after Philadelphia, in the United States, to install electric street lighting. The first stock exchange in Africa was built in Kimberley as early as 1881.
Vowel shift
A vowel shift is a systematic sound change in the pronunciation of the vowel sounds of a language.

The best-known example in the English language is the Great Vowel Shift, which began in the 15th century. The Greek language also underwent a vowel shift near the beginning of the Common Era, which included iotacism. Among the Semitic languages, the Canaanite languages underwent a shift in which Proto-Semitic *ā became ō in Proto-Canaanite (a language likely very similar to Biblical Hebrew).

A vowel shift can involve a merger of two previously different sounds, or it can be a chain shift.

Vowel
A vowel (/ˈvaʊ.əl/) is a speech sound pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract. Vowels are one of the two principal classes of speech sounds, the other being the consonant. Vowels vary in quality, loudness, and length. They are usually voiced and are closely involved in prosodic variation such as tone, intonation and stress. The nucleus, or "center", of a syllable typically consists of a vowel sound (though this is not always the case).

The word vowel comes from the Latin word vocalis, meaning "vocal" (i.e. relating to the voice). 
In English, the word vowel is commonly used to refer both to vowel sounds and to the written symbols that represent them: ⟨a⟩, ⟨e⟩, ⟨i⟩, ⟨o⟩, ⟨u⟩, and sometimes ⟨y⟩, and ⟨w⟩.
Satisfied (Ashley Monroe album)
Satisfied is the debut studio album by American country artist Ashley Monroe. It was officially released on May 19, 2009, by Sony Music Entertainment and was produced by Mark Wright.

Satisfied was originally intended for release in the summer of 2006. However, its debut was continually postponed due to the lack of the singles' commercial success. Satisfied spawned the title track and "I Don't Want To" as radio singles, both failing to become major hits on the Billboard country survey. Although an advanced CD copy was issued in 2006, it remained unofficially unreleased for several years. The project was finally released as a music download to online retailers in 2009.

Ronnie Dunn
Ronald Gene Dunn (born June 1, 1953) is an American country music singer-songwriter and record executive. Starting in 2011, Dunn has worked as a solo artist following the temporary dissolution of Brooks & Dunn. He released his self-titled debut album for Arista Nashville on June 7, 2011, reaching the Top 10 with its lead-off single, "Bleed Red". After leaving Arista Nashville in 2012, Dunn founded Little Will-E Records. On April 8, 2014, Ronnie Dunn released his second solo album, Peace, Love, and Country Music through Little Will-E Records. On November 11, 2016, he released his third album Tattooed Heart on NASH Icon label. His fourth album Re-Dunn was released on January 10, 2020.

In 2019, Dunn was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame as a member of Brooks & Dunn.
Saliha Mahmood-Ahmed
Dr Saliha Mahmood-Ahmed  (born 23 October 1987) is a British doctor, chef and winner of the BBC's MasterChef competition in 2017. Saliha is a Sunday Times bestselling author.

Her final menu was to prepare a three-course meal for judges John Torode and Gregg Wallace which consisted of:

First course: Venison shami kebab with cashew and coriander green chutney, chana daal and a kachumbar salad.

Main course: Kashmiri style sous-vide duck breast, with crispy duck skin, freekeh wheatgrain, spiced with dried barberries, walnuts and coriander, a cherry chutney and a duck and cherry sauce.

Dessert: Saffron rosewater and cardamom panna cotta, served with a deconstructed baklava, including candied pistachios, pistachio honeycomb, filo pastry shards and kumquats.

Panna cotta
Panna cotta (Italian: [ˈpanna ˈkɔtta]; Piedmontese: panera cheuita, pronounced [paˈnera ˈkøjta]; lit. 'cooked cream') is an Italian dessert of sweetened cream thickened with gelatin and moulded. It may be flavoured with coffee, vanilla, or other flavours.
Kawarago Dam
Kawarago Dam (Japanese: 川原子ダム) is an earthfill dam located in Miyagi Prefecture in Japan. The dam is used for irrigation. The catchment area of the dam is 11 km2. The dam impounds about 30  ha of land when full and can store 2333 thousand cubic meters of water. The construction of the dam was completed in 1969.

Miyagi Prefecture
Miyagi Prefecture (宮城県, Miyagi-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [mʲiꜜ.ja.ɡʲi, -ŋʲi, mʲi.ja.ɡʲiꜜ.keɴ, -ŋʲiꜜ-]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. Miyagi Prefecture has a population of 2,265,724 (1 August 2023) and has a geographic area of 7,282 km2 (2,812 sq mi). Miyagi Prefecture borders Iwate Prefecture to the north, Akita Prefecture to the northwest, Yamagata Prefecture to the west, and Fukushima Prefecture to the south.

Sendai is the capital and largest city of Miyagi Prefecture, and the largest city in the Tōhoku region, with other major cities including Ishinomaki, Ōsaki, and Tome. Miyagi Prefecture is located on Japan's eastern Pacific coast  and bounded to the west by the Ōu Mountains, the longest mountain range in Japan, with 24% of its total land area being designated as Natural Parks. Miyagi Prefecture is home to Matsushima Islands, a group of islands ranked as one of the Three Views of Japan, near the town of Matsushima.
Earth Star Entertainment
Earth Star Entertainment (Japanese: 株式会社アース・スター エンターテイメント, Hepburn: Kabushiki Gaisha Āsu Sutā Entāteimento) is a Japanese publisher previously based in Shibuya, Tokyo. They have moved to the neighbourhood of Kamiōsaki, Shinagawa, Tokyo. Accounted by the equity method of Culture Convenience Club, it was founded on June 5, 2006. In addition to publishing magazines and photobooks, the company also produces and sells home videos and music. It also deals with management of tarento and publishes the monthly manga magazine Comic Earth Star, and releases the manga under the Earth Star Comics line.

Television personalities in Japan
Television personalities in Japan, known as tarento (タレント; derived from Portuguese talento) in Japanese, are celebrities who regularly appear in mass media in Japan, especially as panelists on variety shows. During the Golden Age of Hollywood, bankable stars in the United States were described as "talents" and were distinguished from production crews, which were seen as having more technical than charismatic talents.
Sinthusa
Sinthusa is a genus of lycaenid butterflies, the sparks. They are small species with the male genitalia and secondary sexual characters of Virachola, but less robust and weaker in flight. The males are easily recognized, with the forewings oily indigo blue changing to shining blue in a side light and hindwings shining violet blue in all lights. The species of this genus are found in the Indomalayan realm. The genus was erected by Frederic Moore in 1884.

Indomalayan realm
The Indomalayan realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms. It extends across most of South and Southeast Asia and into the southern parts of East Asia.

Also called the Oriental realm by biogeographers, Indomalaya spreads all over the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia to lowland southern China, and through Indonesia as far as Sumatra, Java, Bali, and Borneo, east of which lies the Wallace line, the realm boundary named after Alfred Russel Wallace which separates Indomalaya from Australasia. Indomalaya also includes the Philippines, lowland Taiwan, and Japan's Ryukyu Islands.

Most of Indomalaya was originally covered by forest, and includes tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests, with tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests predominant in much of India and parts of Southeast Asia. The tropical forests of Indomalaya are highly variable and diverse, with economically important trees, especially in the families Dipterocarpaceae, Ficus, and Fabaceae.
Vegetative phase change
Vegetative phase change is the juvenile-to-adult transition in plants.
This transition is distinct from the reproductive transition and is most prolonged and pronounced in woody species. Manipulating phase change may be an important avenue for plant improvement.

In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, vegetative phase change is relatively subtle: leaves become more curled, with an increased number of abaxial trichomes, and increased serration. Studies in A. thaliana and maize identified microRNA MIR156 genes as master regulators of phase change, through their regulation of SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER-BINDING-LIKE (SBP/SPL) transcription factors. This gene regulatory circuit appears to be conserved (with variations) in all land plants, including mosses.

Woody plant
A woody plant is a plant that produces wood as its structural tissue and thus has a hard stem.  In cold climates, woody plants further survive winter or dry season above ground, as opposed to herbaceous plants that die back to the ground until spring.
Chilwell School
Chilwell School (formerly known as Chilwell Comprehensive School) is a secondary school located in Chilwell, near Nottingham, England. The school also hosts the Chilwell Olympia sports complex and has an attached sixth-form centre. In January 2005, the school was designated a specialist school in Arts and Maths and Computing.

The school's typical enrolment is around 1,000 students aged 11 to 18, of which roughly 100 are enrolled at the sixth-form.

The Chilwell Sixth-Form was formerly known as Lakeview College and was run in collaboration with nearby school Alderman White. In September 2006, Chilwell School governors made the decision that the college would be entirely managed and staffed by Chilwell School from September 2008.

Specialist school
Specialist schools, also known as specialised schools or specialized schools, are schools which specialise in a certain area or field of curriculum. In some countries, for example New Zealand, the term is used exclusively for schools specialising in special needs education, which are typically known as special schools. Specialist schools often have admission criteria making them selective schools as well.
Pobre juventud
Pobre juventud (English title: Poor Youth) is a Mexican telenovela produced by Carla Estrada for Televisa in 1986. It is from an original story by Félix B. Caignet, adapted  by Marcia del Río and directed by Pedro Damián.

Jaime Moreno and Gabriela Roel starred as adult protagonists, while Alberto Mayagoitía and Patricia Pereyra starred as young protagonists.

Pedro Damián
Pedro Muñoz Romero (born 29 November 1952), known as Pedro Damián, is a Mexican television producer, actor, director and executive producer of popular teen telenovelas. His works include Clase 406, Lola, Érase Una Vez, Mis XV, Rebelde, Like, la leyenda and RBD: La Familia, distributed within and outside Mexico. He has worked with musical acts RBD and Eiza Gonzalez.