hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1861 Tumut colonial by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of The Tumut on 26 September 1861 because Charles Cowper Jr., the son of then Premier Charles Cowper had been appointed Clerk of the Executive Council in the third Cowper ministry. Such ministerial by-elections were usually uncontested.

Electoral district of Tumut
Tumut was an electoral district for the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales in the Tumut area, one of 62 new districts established under the Electoral Act 1858 (NSW), in the 1858 redistribution. It replaced part of the district of Murrumbidgee which was reduced from 2 to 1 member. It was abolished in 1904 and replaced by Wynyard.
B'nai B'rith Perlman Camp
Perlman Camp is a Jewish summer camp located in Lake Como, Pennsylvania, United States. The camp first opened in 1954 on the site of the former Camp Windsor; it has also been known as Camp B'nai B'rith (CBB) and B'nai B'rith Perlman Camp (BBPC). Before being acquired by B'nai B'rith January 1954, the 365-acre (1.48 km2) campground with a 13-acre (53,000 m2) lake was known as Camp Windsor.

Camp B'nai B'rith was renamed B'nai B'rith Perlman Camp (BBPC) on 19 August 1975, after the founder of B'nai B'rith Girls, Anita Perlman. This was followed by the purchase of Burr Oaks in Mukwonago, Wisconsin, which was then named B'nai B'rith Beber Camp.

Mukwonago, Wisconsin
Mukwonago (/məˈkwɒnəɡoʊ/) is a village in Waukesha and Walworth counties in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is along the Mukwonago River and Lower Phantom Lake. The population was 8,262 at the 2020 census, of which 8,040 were in Waukesha County and 222 were in Walworth County. The village is located mostly within the Town of Mukwonago in Waukesha County, with a small portion extending into the Town of East Troy in Walworth County.
Chiring We
Chiring We is a Himalayan peak situated in eastern Kumaun of the Pithoragarh district of Uttarakhand state in India. The altitude of the peak  is 6,559 m. Chiring We is the highest peak above the Kalabaland Glacier. Chiring We massif, which include peaks like Bamba Dhura (6,334 m), Suli Top (6,300 m), Trigal (5,983 m), Suitilla (6,373 m), separates Lassar Yankti valley from Kalabaland valley. The peak literally means 'Mountain of long life'. The route is through glaciers of Kalabaland, Sankalpa and Yankchar, icefall, crevasses, ice-pinnacles, ice walls and sharp ridges. First ascent of this peak was made in 1979 by an Indian team led by Harish Kapadia via northeast ridge.

Icefall
An icefall is a portion of certain glaciers characterized by relatively rapid flow and chaotic crevassed surface, caused in part by gravity. The term icefall is formed by analogy with the word waterfall, which is a similar phenomenon of the liquid phase but at a more spectacular speed. When ice movement of a glacier is faster than elsewhere, because the glacier bed steepens or narrows, and the flow cannot be accommodated by plastic deformation, the ice fractures, forming crevasses. Where two fractures meet, seracs (or ice towers) can be formed. When the movement of the ice slows down, the crevasses can coalesce, resulting in the surface of the glacier becoming smoother.
Pierre Nguyễn Văn Viên
Pierre Nguyễn Văn Viên is a Vietnamese Roman Catholic prelate, serving as Auxiliary Bishop of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Vinh, Titular Bishop of the Megalopolis in Proconsulari (Titular See) and Apostolic Administrator of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Hưng Hóa, Vietnam.

Mohamedia, Tunisia
Mohamedia is a town in Ben Arous Governorate, Tunisia. was governed by the joint municipality of Mohamedia before its becomes an independent municipality, it is also the seat of an eponymous governoral delegation.

Near the town are the ruins of  Megalopolis a Roman Era civitas (town) of  Roman Proconsulari.

Mohamedia was formerly known by the name of Ṭunbudha, and has been known by the current name of al-Muhammadiya since around the 11th century CE. The town grew up around the strategic Byzantine fortress of Tunbudha which, from its hilltop position, controlled the roads into Tunis and Carthage. Equipped with an Arab garrison soon after the Muslim conquest of Carthage by Hasan ibn al-Nu'man at the end of the 7th century, Tunbudha was the site of a rebellion in the 9th century. The local ruler, Mansur al-Tunbudhi, led the junds in revolt against the Aghlabid dynasty.
Glover Garden
Glover Garden (グラバー園, Gurabāen) is a park in Nagasaki, Japan, built for Thomas Blake Glover, a Scottish merchant who contributed to the modernization of Japan in shipbuilding, coal mining, and other fields. In it stands the Glover Residence, the oldest Western-style house surviving in Japan and Nagasaki's foremost tourist attraction.

It is located on the Minamiyamate hillside overlooking Nagasaki harbor. It was built by Hidenoshin Koyama of Amakusa island and completed in 1863. It has been designated as an Important Cultural Asset. As the house and its surroundings are reminiscent of Puccini's opera, it is also known as the "Madame Butterfly House." Statues of Puccini and diva Miura Tamaki, famed for her role as Cio-Cio-san, stand in the park near the house. This house was also the venue of Glover's meetings with rebel samurai, particularly from the Chōshū and Satsuma domains.

Han system
Han (Japanese: 藩, "domain") is a Japanese historical term for the estate of a daimyo in the Edo period (1603–1868) and early Meiji period (1868–1912). Han or Bakufu-han (daimyo domain) served as a system of de facto administrative divisions of Japan alongside the de jure provinces until they were abolished in the 1870s.
Journey to the Center of the Earth (2003 video game)
Journey to the Center of the Earth is a 2003 point-and-click adventure game developed by Ukrainian studio Frogwares and published by Micro Application. It was distributed in the United States by Viva Media.

The game is loosely based on the novel of the same name by Jules Verne and follows photojournalist Ariane as the player character.

Frogwares
Frogwares is a Ukrainian video game development studio headquartered in Kyiv with subsidiary offices in Dublin, Ireland. The studio and its subsidiaries develop adventure games for PlayStation 4, Xbox One, Microsoft Windows, Nintendo Switch as well as PlayStation 3, Xbox 360, Nintendo DS, Nintendo 3DS, Wii, and mobile.

Frogwares created the Adventures of Sherlock Holmes series, which sold around seven million copies worldwide.

The studio released its first open world investigation video game, The Sinking City, inspired by the works of H. P. Lovecraft, in 2019.
Undertow Music
Undertow began in 1996 in St. Louis, Missouri, as a collective of independent artists, musicians, filmmakers, designers and creative managers sharing resources, ideas, and a love of music. Undertow Music is currently located in Champaign, Illinois.

Headphones (band)
Headphones was an American indie rock-synth band with members David Bazan of Pedro the Lion, Frank Lenz of Starflyer 59, and T. W. Walsh. Nicholas Peterson (formerly of Fleet Foxes) toured as Headphones' drummer.
It's My Pleasure
It's My Pleasure is the tenth studio album by Billy Preston, released in June 1975 (July in the UK) on A&M Records. The album shows the modernisation of Preston's music, placing a heavier emphasis on synthesizers. It was also his first collaboration with the singer Syreeta Wright who sings on one track. The album is notable for featuring harmonica by Stevie Wonder on two tracks. George Harrison (credited as "Hari Georgeson") also appears, playing guitar on "That's Life".

"Song of Joy" would later be covered by Preston's A&M label mates Captain & Tennille for their album of the same name.

Captain & Tennille
Captain & Tennille were an American recording duo whose primary success occurred in the 1970s. The husband-and-wife team were "Captain" Daryl Dragon (1942–2019) and Toni Tennille (born 1940). They have five albums certified gold or platinum and scored numerous hits on the US singles charts, the most enduring of which included "Love Will Keep Us Together", "Do That to Me One More Time", and "Muskrat Love". They  hosted their own television variety series on ABC in 1976–77.
Primulina halongensis
Primulina halongensis is a plant in the family Gesneriaceae, native to Vietnam. The specific epithet halongensis is for Hạ Long Bay, where the species is found. It was formerly placed in the genus Chirita.

Gesneriaceae
Gesneriaceae, the gesneriad family, is a family of flowering plants consisting of about 152 genera and ca. 3,540 species in the tropics and subtropics of the Old World (almost all Didymocarpoideae) and the New World (most Gesnerioideae), with a very small number extending to temperate areas. Many species have colorful and showy flowers and are cultivated as ornamental plants.
CLCC1
Chloride channel CLIC-like 1 also known as  CLCC1 is a human gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is a chloride channel which is related in sequence to the S. cerevisiae MID-1 stretch-activated channel. CLCC1 is located in the membranes of intracellular compartments including endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus.  It is highly expressed in the testis and moderately in the spleen, liver, kidney, heart, brain, and lung.

Chloride channel
Chloride channels are a superfamily of poorly understood ion channels specific for chloride. These channels may conduct many different ions, but are named for chloride because its concentration in vivo is much higher than other anions. Several families of voltage-gated channels and ligand-gated channels (e.g., the CaCC families) have been characterized in humans.

Voltage-gated chloride channels perform numerous crucial physiological and cellular functions, such as controlling pH, volume homeostasis, transporting organic solutes, regulating cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Based on sequence homology the chloride channels can be subdivided into a number of groups.
Nona the Ninth
Nona the Ninth is a 2022 science fantasy novel by the New Zealand writer Tamsyn Muir. It is the third book in her The Locked Tomb series, after Gideon the Ninth (2019) and Harrow the Ninth (2020), with Alecto the Ninth to follow.

The novel won the 2023 Premio Ignotus for Best Foreign Novel. It was a finalist for the 2022 Nebula Award for Best Novel, 2023 Hugo Award for Best Novel and 2023 Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel.

Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel
The Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel is one of the annual Locus Awards presented  by the science fiction and fantasy magazine Locus.  Awards presented in a given year are for works published in the previous calendar year. The award for Best Science Fiction Novel was first presented in 1980, and is among the awards still presented (as of 2022). Previously, there had simply been an award for Best Novel. A similar award for Best Fantasy Novel was introduced in 1978. The Locus Awards have been described as a prestigious prize in science fiction, fantasy and horror literature.
Randi Helseth
Randi Helseth (February 9, 1905 – September 24, 1991) was a Norwegian singer.

Helseth was born in Oslo. She made her debut in 1934 as a concert singer, and in 1938 as an opera singer. Helseth was associated with the National Theatre in Oslo, the National Theater in Bergen, and the Norwegian National Opera, and she performed as a soloist both in Norway and abroad, including the United States. She taught the soprano Solveig Kringlebotn.

Helseth won the Norwegian Music Critics Award for 1949/1950. In May 2000, a bust of Helseth  by Nina Sundbye was unveiled in Ås.

Norwegian National Opera and Ballet
The Norwegian National Opera and Ballet (Norwegian: Den Norske Opera & Ballett) is a Norwegian opera company and ballet company. The first fully professional company each for opera and ballet in Norway and the only such professional organisation in the country, it is currently resident at the Oslo Opera House, since the spring of 2008.
Portuguese conquest of the Algarve
The Portuguese conquest of the Algarve, the southern-most region in modern-day Portugal, occurred between 1238, when the castle of Estômbar was captured by the Order of Santiago, and 1249, when king Afonso III of Portugal captured Faro, Loulé, Aljezur, Porches and Albufeira.

Almogavars
Almogavars (Spanish: almogávares; Aragonese: almugávares; Catalan: almogàvers; Portuguese: almogávares; originally Andalusian Arabic: المغاور, romanized: al-mughā́wir) is the name of a class of light infantry soldier that originated in the Crown of Aragon and was used in the later phases of the Reconquista, during the 13th and 14th centuries.

Almogavars were lightly clad, quick-moving frontiersmen and foot-soldiers. They hailed from the Kingdom of Aragon, the Principality of Catalonia, the Kingdom of Valencia, the Crown of Castile and the Kingdom of Portugal. In the Crown of Castile, the inner organization was managed by King Alfonso X of Castile in the Siete Partidas. At first, these troops were formed by farmers and shepherds originating from the countryside, woods, and frontier mountain areas. Later, they were employed as mercenaries in Italy, the Frankokratia, and the Levant.
Adhiran
Adhiran (Sinhala: අදිරන් Tamil: அதிரன்), is a 2025 Sri Lankan bilingual action thriller film directed by Thinesh Kanagaraj and produced Anton Delaselp for Adrian Productions. This is the first bilingual masala film produced in Sri Lanka. It stars Sudharshan Raveendran and Michelle Dilhara in the lead roles with Elroy Amalathas, Dilan Balakumar, Arun Suseen and Vinoth Kishan made supportive roles.

Masala film
Masala films of Indian cinema are those that blend multiple genres into one work. Masala films emerged in the 1970s and are still being created as of the 2020s. Typically these films freely blend action, comedy, romance, and drama, or melodrama. They also tend to be musicals, often including songs filmed in picturesque locations.

The genre is named after the masala, a mixture of spices in Indian cuisine. According to The Hindu, masala is the most popular genre of Indian cinema. Masala films have origins in the 1970s and are common in every major film industry in India. Production of these films is still active in the mid-2020s.
Omid Namazi
Omid Namazi  (Persian: امید نمازی; born December 8, 1972) is an Iranian-American soccer coach and former professional player who is the head coach of USL Super League club DC Power FC.

Namazi played professionally as a defender in the American Soccer League, American Professional Soccer League, Major League Soccer, USISL, and National Professional Soccer League. He was the NPSL's 2001 Defender of the Year and has also been a member of the United States national futsal team.

Namazi is a USSF “Pro” coaching license holder. He is a two-time Coach of the Year in the Major Indoor Soccer League and coached in the Women's United Soccer Association. As assistant coach of Iran, he led the team to qualification to the 2014 FIFA World Cup and the 2015 AFC Asian Cup.

Major Indoor Soccer League (2001–2008)
The Major Indoor Soccer League (MISL) was the top professional indoor soccer league in the United States. The league was a member of the United States Soccer Federation. The MISL had replaced the NPSL which folded in 2001. According to MISL.net, the league ceased operations as of May 31, 2008. "We are considering structural changes that will bring us greater efficiencies, while also allowing long term growth and expansion of the League", said John Hantz, former Chairman of the MISL, and Owner/Operator of the Detroit Ignition. All the teams from MISL went to the new indoor leagues: NISL, MASL and  the XSL.  The NISL and XSL used the same playing rules as the MISL.
NOV Inc.
NOV Inc., formerly National Oilwell Varco, is an American multinational corporation based in Houston, Texas. It is a worldwide provider of equipment and components used in oil and gas drilling and production operations, oilfield services, and supply chain integration services to the upstream oil and gas industry. The company conducts operations in more than 500 locations across six continents, operating through two reporting segments: Energy Equipment and Energy Products and Services.

Extraction of petroleum
Petroleum is a fossil fuel that can be drawn from beneath the Earth's surface. Reservoirs of petroleum are formed through the mixture of plants, algae, and sediments in shallow seas under high pressure. Petroleum is mostly recovered from oil drilling. Seismic surveys and other methods are used to locate oil reservoirs. Oil rigs and oil platforms are used to drill long holes into the earth to create an oil well and extract petroleum. After extraction, oil is refined to make gasoline and other products such as tires and refrigerators. Extraction of petroleum can be dangerous and has led to oil spills.
Linda Vigilant
Linda Ann Vigilant is an American primatologist and geneticist. Vigilant works at the Department of Primate Behavior and Evolution at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (MPI-EVA) in Leipzig, Germany.

Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology
The Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (German: Max-Planck-Institut für evolutionäre Anthropologie, shortened to MPI EVA) is a research institute based in Leipzig, Germany, that was founded in 1997. It is part of the Max Planck Society network.

Well-known scientists currently based at the institute include founding director Svante Pääbo and Johannes Krause (genetics), Christophe Boesch (primatology), Jean-Jacques Hublin (human evolution), Richard McElreath (evolutionary ecology), and Russell Gray (linguistic and cultural evolution).
Corporate surveillance
Corporate surveillance describes the practice of businesses monitoring and extracting information from their users, clients, or staff. This information may consist of online browsing history, email correspondence, phone calls, location data, and other private details. Acts of corporate surveillance frequently look to boost results, detect potential security problems, or adjust advertising strategies. These practices have been criticized for violating ethical standards and invading personal privacy. Critics and privacy activists have called for businesses to incorporate rules and transparency surrounding their monitoring methods to ensure they are not misusing their position of authority or breaching regulatory standards.

Monitoring can feel intrusive and give the impression that the business does not promote ethical behavior among its personnel. Staff satisfaction, productivity, and staff turnover may all suffer as a result of the invasion of privacy.

Mouse tracking
Mouse tracking (also known as cursor tracking) is the use of software to collect users' mouse cursor positions on the computer. This goal is to automatically gather richer information about what people are doing, typically to improve the design of an interface. Often this is done on the Web and can supplement eye tracking in some situations.

When mouse tracking takes place without the user's consent, for example on a website, there may be privacy implications.
Abdirashid Abdullahi Mohamed
Rashid Abdullahi Mohamed (Somali: Rashiid Cabdullahi Moxamed) is a Somali politician. He is the former governor of the Bay region of Somalia. He also a former Somali Minister of Defence. On 29 March 2017, his inclusion nomination of cabinet's Prime Minister Hassan Ali Khaire appointment was approved by Federal Parliament of Somalia.

Federal Parliament of Somalia
The Federal Parliament of Somalia (Somali: Golaha Shacabka Soomaaliya; often Baarlamaanka Federaalka Soomaaliya; Arabic: البرلمان الاتحادي في الصومال) is the national parliament of Somalia. Formed in August 2012, it is based in the capital Mogadishu and is bicameral, consisting of an upper house (Senate) and a lower house (House of the People).
Liudmyla Danylina
Liudmyla Danylina (born 11 September 1985) is a Ukrainian Paralympic athlete competing in T20-classification middle-distance running events. In 2021, she won the silver medal in the women's 1500 metres T20 event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo, Japan. She also represented Ukraine at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in Rio, Brazil and she won the bronze medal in the women's 1500 metres T20 event.

Athletics at the 2020 Summer Paralympics – Women's 1500 metres T20
The women's 1500 metres T20 event at the 2020 Summer Paralympics in Tokyo took place on 3 September 2021.

The T20 category is for athletes with intellectual impairment. T20 athletes have an IQ score of 75 or less.
John Bowker (theologian)
John Westerdale Bowker (born 30 July 1935) is an English Anglican priest and pioneering scholar of religious studies. A former director of studies and dean of chapel at Corpus Christi and Trinity College, Cambridge he is credited with introducing religious studies as a discipline to Cambridge University. He has been a Professor of religious studies at the universities of Cambridge, Lancaster, Pennsylvania and North Carolina State University. He is an Honorary Canon of Canterbury Cathedral, a consultant for UNESCO, a BBC broadcaster and author and editor of numerous books.

Gresham College
Gresham College is an institution of higher learning located at Barnard's Inn Hall off Holborn in Central London, England that does not accept students or award degrees. It was founded in 1597 under the will of Sir Thomas Gresham, and hosts over 140 free public lectures every year. Since 2001, all lectures have been made available online. As of 2025, the Acting Provost is Professor Sarah Hart.
Listed buildings in Great Ness
Great Ness is a civil parish in Shropshire, England.  It contains 26 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  Of these, one is listed at Grade I, the highest of the three grades, one is at Grade II*, the middle grade, and the others are at Grade II, the lowest grade. The parish contains the village of Great Ness and smaller settlements, including Alderton, Kinton, and Nesscliffe, and is otherwise rural.  Most of the listed buildings are houses, farmhouses and farm buildings, and the other listed buildings include a church and items in the churchyard, a hotel, milestones, and a war memorial.

Nesscliffe
Nesscliffe is a village in Shropshire, England, located north of the River Severn. The village comes under the Great Ness parish.

The A5 road, which previously ran through the village, now runs around the village on a dual-carriageway by-pass.
Transfer bench
A transfer bench (also known as a showering bench, shower bench, transfer tub bench, or transfer chair) is a bath safety mobility device on which the user sits to get into a bathtub. The user usually sits on the bench, which straddles the side of the tub, and gradually slides from the outside to the inside of the tub. Tub transfer benches are used by people who have trouble getting over the tub wall or into the shower, either because of illness or disability.

A smaller version without the longer bench extension, which sits wholly inside the tub, is known as a shower chair. Its handles are built-in within the chair's seat.

Handle
A handle is a part of, or an attachment to, an object that allows it to be grasped and manipulated by hand.  The design of each type of handle involves substantial ergonomic issues, even where these are dealt with intuitively or by following tradition. Handles for tools are an important part of their function, enabling the user to exploit the tools to maximum effect. Package handles allow for convenient carrying of packages.
Ik county
Ik county is a county in the Kaabong District in northeast Uganda. The county was established in 2015 to signal that the land belongs to the Ik people.: 147  The county is inhabited by several ethnic groups, including the Ik people, Dodoth people, and the Teso people.

Dodoth people
The Dodoth (or Dodos) are an ethnic group in north eastern Uganda. They belong to the Karamojong Cluster, which also includes the Karamojong and Jie people.
Their language is a dialect of the Karamojong language. Their population is estimated at 129,102 (2014 Census of Uganda).