hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Islington South (UK Parliament constituency)
Islington South was a parliamentary constituency in the Metropolitan Borough of Islington in North London.  It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

The constituency was created for the 1885 general election, and abolished for the 1950 general election.

North London
North London is the northern part of London, England, north of the River Thames and the City of London. It extends from Clerkenwell and Finsbury, on the edge of the City of London financial district, to Greater London's boundary with Hertfordshire. The term is occasionally used in reference to all of London north of the River Thames.

The term differentiates the area from South London, East London and West London. Some parts of North London are also part of Central London.
Kitboga (streamer)
Kitboga is an American Twitch streamer and YouTuber whose content primarily focuses on scam baiting against phone fraud. His channel has over one million followers on Twitch, and his YouTube channel has over three million subscribers.

Phone fraud
Phone fraud, or more generally communications fraud, is the use of telecommunications products or services with the intention of illegally acquiring money from, or failing to pay, a telecommunication company or its customers.

Many operators have increased measures to minimize fraud and reduce their losses. Communications operators tend to keep their actual loss figures and plans for corrective measures confidential.

According to a 2011 survey by CFCA, an industry group created to reduce fraud against carriers, the five top fraud loss categories reported by operators were:

$4.96 billion – compromised PBX/voicemail systems

$4.32 billion – subscription/identity theft

$3.84 billion – International Revenue Share Fraud

$2.88 billion – by-pass fraud

$2.40 billion – cash fraud
Royal and viceregal transport in Canada
Royal and viceroyal transport in Canada have included a variety of vehicles generally used for royal tours in Canada, and viceregal official and ceremonial duties in both the provincial and the federal spheres. The technology employed has mirrored the development of transportation since the late 17th century, when the first members of the Royal Family ventured from Great Britain to British North America. As the Canadian Royal Family is not predominantly resident in the country, those that belong to it have generally always had to make a trans-Atlantic crossing before switching to alternate over-land, water, or air transportation once in Canada.

Woodbine Entertainment Group
Woodbine Entertainment Group (WEG), known as the Ontario Jockey Club from 1881 to 2001, is the operator of two horse racing tracks, a casino and off-track betting stations in the Greater Toronto Area of Ontario, Canada. It also owns and operates the Canadian digital television service HPItv and operates Canada's only online wagering platform for horse racing, HorsePlayer Interactive. WEG is responsible for operating Woodbine Racetrack in Toronto, and it also runs Woodbine Mohawk Park in Campbellville, Ontario. It employs over 2,300 people in its operations. WEG also ran the Turf Lounge on Bay Street in Toronto from 2003 to 2015.
David Bianco (producer)
David Bianco (1954 – June 20, 2018) was an American Grammy Award-winning record producer, who worked with such artists as Tom Petty, Bob Dylan, Lucinda Williams, Fleetwood Mac, Ozzy Osbourne, Danzig, AC/DC, Cathedral, Primal Scream, Teenage Fanclub, Buffalo Tom, Claytown Troupe, The Posies, The Caulfields, Black Lab, The Damned, Buckcherry, Dropkick Murphys, Blues Traveler, Big Head Todd and the Monsters, Masters of Reality, Mick Jagger, Failure, Rollins Band and John Mellencamp.

He won a Grammy Award for the Best Engineered Album, Non-Classical, being Wildflowers by Tom Petty.

Bianco died in June 2018, from a stroke.

Cathedral (band)
Cathedral were a British doom metal band from Coventry, England. The group gained attention upon release of its debut album, Forest of Equilibrium (1991), which is considered a classic of the genre. However, the band's sound evolved quickly and began to adopt characteristics of 1970s metal, hard rock and progressive rock. After releasing ten full-length albums and touring extensively for over two decades, Cathedral broke up after the release of The Last Spire in 2013.
Odometa
Odometa is an arrondissement in the Plateau department of Benin. It is an administrative division under the jurisdiction of the commune of Kétou. According to the population census conducted by the Institut National de la Statistique Benin on February 15, 2002, the arrondissement had a total population of 7,409.

Plateau Department
Plateau [pla.to] is one of the twelve departments of Benin. The department of Plateau was created in 1999 with an area of 2,835 square kilometres (1,095 sq mi) when it was split off from Ouémé Department. Plateau is subdivided into five communes, each centred at one of the principal towns: Adja-Ouèrè, Ifangni, Kétou, Pobè and Sakété.

As of 2013, the total population of the department was 622,372, with 300,065 males and 322,307 females. The proportion of women was 51.80%. The total rural population was 54.80%, while the urban population was 45.20%. The total labour force in the department was 185,815, of which 43.10% were women. The proportion of households with no level of education was 65.50%.
2002 Neridé Prague Indoor – Singles
The men's singles of the 2002 Neridé Prague Indoor tournament was played on indoor hard courts in Průhonice, Czech Republic.

This was the third edition of the event.

Defending champion Ota Fukárek lost on first round.

Mario Ančić won in the final 6–1, 6–1 against Jérôme Golmard.

Průhonice
Průhonice is a municipality and village in Prague-West District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 2,800 inhabitants. It is known for Průhonice Park, which has been included in the UNESCO list of World Heritage Sites.
Ole Bjørn Støle
Ole Bjørn Støle (9 April 1950 – 19 November 2010) was a Norwegian judge.

He was born in Bergen, and graduated as cand.jur. from the University of Bergen in 1976. He worked in the Ministry of Justice and the Police from 1976, was a deputy judge in Kristiansand City Court from 1978, and worked in the Office of the Attorney General of Norway from 1980. He was then a private lawyer from 1985 to 2002, except for the years 1990–1993 when he was a presiding judge in Gulating. He was a Supreme Court Justice from 2002. He was later appointed an ad litem judge at the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, and was thus granted a leave of absence in Norway. He died in November 2010.

Supreme Court of Norway
The Supreme Court of Norway (Norwegian Bokmål: (Norges) Høyesterett; Norwegian Nynorsk: (Noregs) Høgsterett; lit. 'Highest Court') is the highest court in the Norwegian judiciary. It was established in 1815 on the basis of section 88 in the Constitution of the Kingdom of Norway, which prescribed an independent judiciary. It is located in the capital Oslo. In addition to serving as the court of final appeal for civil and criminal cases, it can also rule whether the Cabinet has acted in accordance with Norwegian law and whether the Parliament has passed legislation consistent with the Constitution.
Shafiq Zia
Begum Shafiq Zia (née Jahan; 21 September 1931 – 5 January 1996) was a Pakistani public figure who served as the First Lady of Pakistan from 1977 until her husband's death in a plane crash on 17 August 1988.

Public figure
A public figure is a person who has achieved fame, prominence or notoriety within a society, whether through achievement, luck, action, or in some cases through no purposeful action of their own.

In the context of defamation actions (libel and slander) as well as invasion of privacy, a public figure cannot succeed in a lawsuit on incorrect harmful statements in the United States unless there is proof that the writer or publisher acted with actual malice by knowing the falsity or by reckless disregard for the truth. The legal burden of proof in defamation actions is thus higher in the case of a public figure than in the case of an ordinary person.

The tort of defamation depends on jurisdiction: for example, the law of defamation in England and Wales differs from Scotland or the State of Florida.
Virginia Department of Military Affairs
The Virginia Department of Military Affairs (DMA) is a state agency of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the US. Its mission is to provide "state support functions to the Adjutant General of Virginia, the National Guard, and the Virginia Defense Force to ensure their ability to support and defend the United States and the Commonwealth of Virginia." The agency is composed of the Virginia Army National Guard, Virginia Air National Guard and, Virginia Defense Force. The agency head of the department is the Adjutant General of Virginia, who is appointed by the Governor of Virginia. The current Adjutant General is Major General James W. Ring.

Commonwealth (U.S. state)
Commonwealth is a term used by four of the 50 states of the United States in their full official names: Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. "Commonwealth" is a traditional English term used to describe a political community as having been founded for the common good, and shares some similarities with the Latin phrase "res publica" ('the public thing'), which ultimately is the origin of the word "republic".

The "commonwealth" appellation is merely stylistic and carries no legal or political significance. The four states that use this term are all in the Eastern United States, and prior to the formation of the United States in 1776 were British colonial possessions (at the time, Kentucky was a part of colonial Virginia). As such, they share a strong influence of English common law in some of their laws and institutions.
Essays (Emerson)
Ralph Waldo Emerson wrote several books of essays, commonly associated with transcendentalism and romanticism.  "Essays" most commonly refers to his first two series of essays:

Essays: First Series

Essays: Second Series

Some of the most notable essays of these two collections are Self-Reliance, Compensation, The Over-Soul, Circles, The Poet, Experience, and Politics.

Emerson later wrote several more books of essays including Representative Men, English Traits, The Conduct of Life and Society and Solitude.  Emerson's first published essay, Nature, was published in 1836, before the first and second series.

Self-Reliance
"Self-Reliance" is an 1841 essay written by American transcendentalist philosopher Ralph Waldo Emerson. It contains the most thorough statement of one of his recurrent themes: the need for each person to avoid conformity and false consistency, and follow their own instincts and ideas. It is the source of one of his most famous quotations:

"A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds, adored by little statesmen and philosophers and divines."

This essay is an analysis into the nature of the "aboriginal self on which a universal reliance may be grounded". Emerson emphasizes the importance of individualism and its effect on a person's satisfaction in life, explaining how life is "learning and forgetting and learning again".
Japanese community of Columbus, Ohio
There is a Japanese community in the Columbus, Ohio area.

The presence of Honda Motor Company and related suppliers attracted a population of Japanese expatriates to the Columbus area. In 2011 Bill Daley of the Chicago Tribune stated that "the international pull of Ohio State University" adds to the "real discernible Japanese flavor to" Columbus.

Marysville, Ohio
Marysville is a city in Union County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 25,571 at the 2020 census. It is a suburb approximately 27 miles (43 km) northwest of Columbus. Marysville's longtime slogan is "Where the Grass is Greener". In 2008, the city was designated as a "Preserve America Community" by U.S. First Lady Laura Bush.
Student Volunteer Forces
Student Volunteer Forces (Korean: 학도의용군) or Student Volunteer Troops (학도의용대), also known as Student Volunteer Soldiers (학도의용병) or simply Student Soldiers (학도병), were students that fought against the North Korean forces and Chinese forces on behalf of South Korea during the Korean War.

Students volunteered or were conscripted into the Republic of Korea Armed Forces as emergency troops to fight against North Korea's invasion of South Korea, which almost overran the country. The student volunteer troops were demobilized when South Korean and United Nations forces secured the 38th parallel in March 1951, when most of them returned to their education and some enlisted in the ROK Army.

Korean People's Army
The Korean People's Army (KPA; Korean: 조선인민군; MR: Chosŏn inmin'gun) encompasses the combined military forces of North Korea and the armed wing of the Workers' Party of Korea (WPK). The KPA consists of five branches: the Ground Force, the Naval Force, the Air Force, the Strategic Force, and the Special Operations Forces. It is commanded by the WPK Central Military Commission, which is chaired by the WPK general secretary, and the president of the State Affairs; both posts are currently headed by Kim Jong Un.

The KPA considers its primary adversaries to be the Republic of Korea Armed Forces and United States Forces Korea, across the Korean Demilitarized Zone, as it has since the Armistice Agreement of July 1953. As of 2021 it is the second largest military organisation in the world, with 29.9% of the North Korean population actively serving, in reserve or in a paramilitary capacity.
CHKS-FM
CHKS-FM is a Canadian radio station, which broadcasts at 106.3 FM in Sarnia, Ontario. The station broadcasts a classic hits format with the brand name Cool 106.3. In addition to Sarnia, it also serves Port Huron, Michigan.

CHKS-FM broadcasts in HD.

Active rock
Active rock is a radio format used by many commercial radio stations across the United States and Canada. Active rock stations play a balance of new hard rock songs with valued classic rock favorites, normally with an emphasis on the harder edge of mainstream rock and album-oriented rock.
2003 CFL draft
The 2003 CFL draft took place on Wednesday, April 30, 2003. 53 players were chosen for Canadian Football League teams from among the eligible CIS football players from Canadian universities, as well as Canadian players playing in the NCAA. Of the 53 draft selections, 32 players were drafted from Canadian Interuniversity Sport institutions.

Notably, the Calgary Stampeders had the first and second overall picks in the draft, which was only the third time in CFL Draft history that a team had the first two selections in a draft. The Toronto Argonauts were the first to accomplish this via trade in the 1982 CFL draft and the Ottawa Renegades had done this the year before as they were awarded the first and second overall selections as an expansion team in the 2002 CFL draft.

2003 CFL season
The 2003 CFL season is considered to be the 50th season in modern-day Canadian football, although it is officially the 46th Canadian Football League season. The pre-season began on May 30 and the regular season started on June 17. Taylor Field in Regina, Saskatchewan hosted the 91st Grey Cup on November 16, 2003, with the Edmonton Eskimos defeating the Montreal Alouettes 34–22.
Henri Bonnefoy
Henri Bonnefoy (17 October 1887 – 9 August 1914) was a French sport shooter who competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics.

He was born in Le Tremblois and was killed in action in Thann, Haut-Rhin during World War I.

In 1908, he was a member of the French team, which won the bronze medal in the small-bore rifle competition. He also participated in the stationary target small-bore rifle event and finished 19th.

Thann, Haut-Rhin
Thann (French pronunciation: [tan] ⓘ; Alsatian: Dànn, pronounced [tɔn], German: Thann) is a commune in the northeastern French department of Haut-Rhin, in Grand Est. It is the sous-préfecture of the arrondissement of Thann-Guebwiller and part of the canton of Cernay. Its inhabitants are known as Thannois.
Narrow-gauge railways in Italy
Most narrow-gauge railways in Italy were built with Italian metre gauge, which is actually 950 mm (3 ft 1+3⁄8 in) because historically the Italian track gauge was defined from the centres of the rail instead of the internationally accepted method of measuring the gauge from the inside edges of the rails.
Several metre-gauge lines were built in northern Italy.

123 km 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge (123 km electrified); 1,290 km 950 mm (3 ft 1+3⁄8 in) gauge (151 km electrified); 231 km 850 mm (2 ft 9+15⁄32 in) gauge (2008)

San Giovanni Suergiu
San Giovanni Suergiu (Sardinian: Santu Giuanni de Suergiu) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Sulcis Iglesiente in the Italian region of Sardinia, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) west of Cagliari and about 4 kilometres (2 mi) south of Carbonia.

San Giovanni Suergiu borders the following municipalities: Carbonia, Giba, Portoscuso, Sant'Antioco, Tratalias.
DePrice Taylor
DePrice Taylor is an American community relations executive and civic leader in Kansas City, Missouri. She is the executive director of Community Relations for the Kansas City Current, a professional team in the National Women's Soccer League, and is a commissioner on the Kansas City Board of Parks and Recreation. She was born and raised in Detroit, Michigan, and her career focuses on youth development with a background in social work. She received the 2025 ATHENA Young Professional Leadership Award, presented locally by the Greater Kansas City Chamber of Commerce, which recognizes women for professional excellence and community service.

Boosterism
Boosterism is the act of promoting ("boosting") a town, city, or organization, with the goal of improving public perception of it. Particularly in a geographic context, boosterism is meant to encourage outsiders to invest or settle in the area. Boosting can be as simple as talking up the entity at a party or as elaborate as establishing a visitors' bureau.
Burnett Inlet
Burnett Inlet is a body of water in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada. It lies off the southern coast of Devon Island. Like Stratton Inlet, Hobhouse Inlet, Powell Inlet, and Cuming Inlet, Burnett Inlet is situated between Maxwell Bay and Croker Bay, in the eastern high Arctic, north of Lancaster Sound and Barrow Strait.

Its width averages 2 mi (3.2 km).

Devon Island
Devon Island (Inuktitut: ᑕᓪᓗᕈᑎᑦ, Tallurutit) is an island in Canada and the largest uninhabited island (no permanent human residents) in the world. It is located in Baffin Bay, Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada. It is one of the largest members of the Arctic Archipelago, the second-largest of the Queen Elizabeth Islands, Canada's sixth-largest island, and the 27th-largest island in the world. It has an area of 55,247 km2 (21,331 sq mi) (slightly smaller than Croatia). The bedrock is Precambrian gneiss and Paleozoic siltstones and shales. The highest point is the Devon Ice Cap at 1,920 m (6,300 ft) which is part of the Arctic Cordillera. Devon Island contains several small mountain ranges, such as the Treuter Mountains, Haddington Range, and Cunningham Mountains, as well as the Haughton impact crater. The notable similarity of its surface to that of Mars has attracted interest from scientists.
2022 Booker Prize
The Booker Prize is a literary award given for the best English novel of the year. The 2022 award was announced on 17 October 2022, during a ceremony hosted by Sophie Duker at the Roundhouse in London. The longlist was announced on 26 July 2022. The shortlist was announced on 6 September. Leila Mottley, at 20, was the youngest longlisted writer to date, and Alan Garner, at 87, the oldest. The majority of the 13 titles were from independent publishers. The prize was awarded to Shehan Karunatilaka for his novel, The Seven Moons of Maali Almeida, receiving £50,000. He is the second Sri Lankan to win the prize, after Michael Ondaatje.

Michael Ondaatje
Philip Michael Ondaatje CC FRSL (/ɒnˈdɑːtʃiː/; born 12 September 1943) is a Ceylon-born Canadian poet, fiction writer and essayist.

Ondaatje's literary career began with his poetry: in 1967 he published The Dainty Monsters, and in 1970 the critically acclaimed The Collected Works of Billy the Kid. His novel The English Patient (1992), adapted as a film in 1996, received the Booker Prize in 1992. It later won the Golden Man Booker Prize as the best of the first 51 Booker Prize winners.

Ondaatje has been "fostering new Canadian writing" with two decades' commitment to Coach House Press (ca. 1970–1990). His editorial credits include the journal Brick, and the Long Poem Anthology (1979), among others.
The 5% Album
The 5% Album is the debut solo studio album by American rapper and record producer Lord Jamar. It was released on June 27, 2006, via Babygrande Records. Production was handled by DJ Preservation, Gensu Dean, Big Throwback, Bronze Nazareth, Reality Allah, Young Justice, and Jamar himself, who also served as executive producer together with Chuck Wilson. It features guest appearances from 40 Bandits, Horse, Kasim Allah, Popa Wu, Prodigal Sunn, Queen Tahera Earth, Raekwon, Reality Allah, RZA, Young Dirty Bastard, Young Justice, Lord Jamar's son Young Lord, and fellow Brand Nubian members Grand Puba and Sadat X. The album peaked at number 94 on the US Billboard Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart.

The album's title and subject matter are taken from the Nation of Gods and Earths teachings that only five percent of the population is enlightened, good, and willing to help those who are oppressed.

Young Dirty Bastard
Barsun Unique Jones (born April 9, 1989), better known by his stage names Boy Jones and Young Dirty Bastard (often abbreviated YDB), is an American rapper. He is the son of rapper Ol' Dirty Bastard and the cousin of rappers RZA and GZA.
N-Methylmethanimine
N-Methylmethanimine or N‐methyl methylenimine is a reactive molecular substance containing a methyl group attached to an imine. It can be written as CH3N=CH2. On a timescale of minutes it self reacts to form the trimer trimethyl 1,3,5-triazinane. N-Methylmethanimine is formed naturally in the Earth's atmosphere, by oxidation of dimethylamine and trimethylamine, both of which are produced by animals, or burning.

Dimethylamine
Dimethylamine is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NH. This secondary amine is a colorless, flammable gas with an ammonia-like odor. Dimethylamine is commonly encountered commercially as a solution in water at concentrations up to around 40%. An estimated 271,000 tons were produced in 2005.
1868 Timaru by-election
The 1868 Timaru by-election was a by-election held on 20 November in the Timaru electorate during the 4th New Zealand Parliament.

The by-election was caused by the resignation of the incumbent, Alfred Cox through ill-health. He was replaced by Edward Stafford. As Stafford was the only candidate, he was declared elected unopposed.

Edward Stafford (politician)
Sir Edward William Stafford GCMG (23 April 1819 – 14 or 15 February 1901) served as the third premier of New Zealand on three occasions in the mid 19th century. His total time in office is the longest of any leader without a political party. He is described as pragmatic, logical, and clear-sighted.