hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dead Sea sparrow
The Dead Sea sparrow (Passer moabiticus) is a species of bird in the Old World sparrow family Passeridae, with one subspecies breeding in parts of the West Asia and another in western Afghanistan and eastern Iran. The eastern subspecies P. m. yatii is sometimes considered a separate species known as Yate's sparrow.

Old World sparrow
Old World sparrows are groups of small passerine birds forming the family Passeridae. They are also known as true sparrows, a name which is also used for a particular genus of the family Passer. They are distinct from both the New World sparrows of the family Passerellidae and from a few other birds such as the Java sparrow of the family Estrildidae sharing their name. Many species nest on buildings and the house and Eurasian tree sparrows, in particular, inhabit cities in large numbers. They are primarily seed-eaters, though they also consume small insects. Some species scavenge for food around cities and  like pigeons or gulls, will eat small quantities of a diversity of items.
HMAS Bunbury
Two ships of the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) have been named HMAS Bunbury, for the port city of Bunbury, Western Australia.

HMAS Bunbury (J241), a Bathurst-class corvette launched in 1942 and decommissioned in 1946

HMAS Bunbury (FCPB 217), a Fremantle-class patrol boat which entered service in 1983 and left service in 2005

HMAS Bunbury (J241)
HMAS Bunbury (J241/M241), named for the city of Bunbury, Western Australia, was one of 60 Bathurst-class corvettes constructed during World War II, and one of 36 initially manned and commissioned solely by the Royal Australian Navy (RAN).
Antwerp (Chamber of Representatives constituency)
Antwerp (Dutch: Antwerpen; French: Anvers; German: Antwerpen) is one of the 11 multi-member constituencies of the Chamber of Representatives, the lower house of the Belgian Federal Parliament, the national legislature of Belgium. The constituency was established in 2003 following the re-organisation of constituencies across Belgium along provincial lines. It is conterminous with the province of Antwerp. The constituency currently elects 24 of the 150 members of the Chamber of Representatives using the open party-list proportional representation electoral system. At the 2024 federal election the constituency had 1,373,924 registered electors.

Chamber of Representatives (Belgium)
The Chamber of Representatives (Dutch: Kamer van Volksvertegenwoordigers; French: Chambre des représentants; German: Abgeordnetenkammer) is one of the two chambers in the bicameral Federal Parliament of Belgium, the other being the Senate. It is considered to be the "lower house" of the Federal Parliament.
MacMahon Squares
MacMahon Squares are an edge-matching puzzle first published by Percy MacMahon in 1921, using 24 unique squares with 3-color patterns; each of the four edges is assigned a single color. The complete set of 24 squares are organized next to each other by matching edge colors to create a 4 by 6 grid. Such tessellation puzzles have multiple variants, which are determined by restrictions on how to arrange the 24 squares. This game has also been commercialized in numerous physical forms, by various companies.

Lattice graph
In graph theory, a lattice graph, mesh graph, or grid graph is a graph whose drawing, embedded in some Euclidean space ⁠⁠, forms a regular tiling. This implies that the group of bijective transformations that send the graph to itself is a lattice in the group-theoretical sense.

Typically, no clear distinction is made between such a graph in the more abstract sense of graph theory, and its drawing in space (often the plane or 3D space). This type of graph may more shortly be called just a lattice, mesh, or grid. Moreover, these terms are also commonly used for a finite section of the infinite graph, as in "an 8 × 8 square grid".

The term lattice graph has also been given in the literature to various other kinds of graphs with some regular structure, such as the Cartesian product of a number of complete graphs.
St. Mary Help of Christians Church (Aiken, South Carolina)
St. Mary Help of Christians Church is a Catholic parish of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Charleston. The main parish church is at 138 Fairfield St. SE in Aiken, South Carolina. The campus also includes the historic 1905 church ("Old Saint Mary's") at the corner of Park Avenue and York Street, and Ste. Claire Chapel (1880), which sits to the left of the historic church.  These two church buildings are listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Diocese of Charleston
The Diocese of Charleston (Latin: Dioecesis Carolopolitana) is a diocese of the Catholic Church for the state of South Carolina in the United States; its territory includes the entire state of South Carolina. It is a suffragan diocese of the Archdiocese of Atlanta. The bishop is Jacques Fabre-Jeune.
Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics
The Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP) is a research institute at the University of Colorado, Boulder. Founded in 1948, LASP employs 750+ scientists, engineers, and students dedicated to space science research in fields including solar physics, planetary atmospheres, dusty plasmas, geophysics, and space weather. The institute received over $1 billion in research revenue since 2013, predominantly from NASA contracts. LASP employs over 250 students and is the only academic institute to send spacecraft instruments to all 8 planets in the Solar System. LASP has also sent missions to Pluto, the Sun, and multiple planetary moons.

As of 2025, LASP has a yearly budget exceeding $200 million and manages or supports 26 active space missions.

Outline of space science
The following outline is provided as an overview and topical guide to space science:

Space science – field that encompasses all of the scientific disciplines that involve space exploration and study natural phenomena and physical bodies occurring in outer space, such as space medicine and astrobiology.
Doctor Satan's Robot
Doctor Satan's Robot is a 1966 made for television film condensed from the original 1940 Mysterious Doctor Satan film serial named after its chief villain. Master criminal Doctor Satan has a nemesis, a masked mystery man, the "Copperhead", whose secret identity is Bob Wayne. Wearing a copper mask, Wayne is searching for justice and revenge on Satan for the death of his step-father. With Doctor Satan creating a mechanical robot that will terrorize the world, Wayne is determined to stop the criminal plans of the evil doctor.

Doctor Satan's Robot and Mysterious Doctor Satan was directed by the directorial team of William Witney and John English. Doctor Satan is played by Edward Ciannelli and the Copperhead/Bob Wayne by Robert Wilcox.

Henry Brandon originally cast as Doctor Satan, was to play in a devil costume, complete with horns. The character was developed into a mad scientist played by Ciannelli.

John English (film director)
John Wilkinson English (25 June 1903 – 11 October 1969) was a British film editor and film director.  He is most famous for the film serials he co-directed with William Witney for Republic Pictures such as Zorro's Fighting Legion and Drums of Fu Manchu.

He was credited variously as John W English, John English or Jack English.
Committee on Home-School Co-operation
Committee on Home-School Co-operation (CHSC) is an advisory body in Hong Kong aimed at promoting co-operation between parents and schools (home–school). Established in 1993, the committee advises the Education Bureau (EDB), other government departments, and non-government organisations on ways to promote parental involvement in education. Its work includes conducting surveys, allocating project grants to schools, publicising better home–school relations, and encouraging the establishment of parent–teacher associations (PTAs). The CHSC has been described as a "semi-governmental" organisation.

Grant (money)
A grant is a fund given by a person or organization, often a public body, charitable foundation, a specialised grant-making institution, or in some cases a business with a corporate social responsibility mission, to an individual or another entity, usually, a non-profit organisation, sometimes a business or a local government body, for a specific purpose linked to public benefit. A funding agreement is often used to reflect the funding and funded parties' understanding of the purpose for which the grant has been given. Unlike loans, grants are not intended to be paid back. Examples include student grants, research grants, the Sovereign Grant paid by the UK Treasury to the monarch, and some European Regional Development Fund payments in the European Union.
Mackevič
Mackevič is a Lithuanian-language spelling of the Polish surname Mackiewicz. Another Lithuanization, including Lithuanian surname morphology, is Mackevičius. Notable people with this surname include:

Michal Mackevič (born 1953),  Lithuanian Polish journalist and politician

Zygmunt Mackevič, Lithuanian Polish biologist and politician

Michal Mackevič
Michal Mackevič (Polish: Michał Mackiewicz; born 1 October 1953 in Vilnius) is a Lithuanian Polish journalist, politician, president of the Association of Poles in Lithuania, and member of the Lithuanian Seimas (2008, 2012, 2016). He was also the founder and editor-in-chief of Magazyn Wileński.

In October 2010, he was awarded Officer's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland for the outstanding merits before Polish diaspora for the promotion of Poland and Polish traditions and culture.
William Harold Hicks
William Harold Hicks (12 November 1888 – 14 May 1974) was a Progressive Conservative party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Lauder, Manitoba and became an agrologist by career.

He was first elected at the Fraser Valley riding in the 1958 general election, but defeated in the 1962 and 1963 general elections. He served only one term, the 24th Parliament.

1963 Canadian federal election
The 1963 Canadian federal election was held on April 8, 1963, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 26th Parliament of Canada. It resulted in the defeat of the minority Progressive Conservative (Tory) government of Prime Minister John Diefenbaker, with the Liberals returning to power for the first time in 6 years, where they would remain for twenty of the next twenty-one years (winning every election except the 1979 election until their landslide defeat in 1984).  For the Social Credit Party, despite getting their highest ever share of the vote, the party lost 6 seats compared to its high-water mark in 1962.

The 1963 election was the first in which all of the Northwest Territories were contained in an electoral district, and consequently the first in which 100% of Canadian territory was represented in Parliament.
Ludwinów, Gmina Małogoszcz
Ludwinów [ludˈvinuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Małogoszcz, within Jędrzejów County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) west of Małogoszcz, 23 km (14 mi) north of Jędrzejów, and 31 km (19 mi) west of the regional capital Kielce.

Jędrzejów County
Jędrzejów County (Polish: powiat jędrzejowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, south-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Jędrzejów, which lies 36 kilometres (22 mi) south-west of the regional capital Kielce. The county also contains the towns of Sędziszów, lying 18 km (11 mi) west of Jędrzejów, and Małogoszcz, 21 km (13 mi) north of Jędrzejów.

The county covers an area of 1,257.17 square kilometres (485.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 84,049, out of which the population of Jędrzejów is 15,076, that of Sędziszów is 6,451, that of Małogoszcz is 3,748, and the rural population is 58,774.
4th Canadian Parliament
The 4th Canadian Parliament was in session from 13 February 1879 until 18 May 1882 (3 years and 94 days).  The membership was set by the 1878 federal election on 17 September 1878. It was dissolved prior to the 1882 election.

It was controlled by a Conservative/Liberal-Conservative majority under Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald and the 3rd Canadian Ministry.  The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, first led by Alexander Mackenzie, and then by Edward Blake.

The Speaker was Joseph Godéric Blanchet. See also List of Canadian electoral districts 1873-1882 for a list of the ridings in this parliament.

There were four sessions of the 4th Parliament:

Joseph-Goderic Blanchet
Joseph-Goderic Blanchet  (or Joseph-Godric; June 7, 1829 – January 1, 1890) was a Canadian physician and politician. He was the only person to serve as both speaker of the House of Commons and speaker of a provincial legislature. He represented Lévis in the House of Commons as a Liberal-Conservative member from 1867 to 1873 and from 1879 to 1883; he represented Bellechasse from 1875 to 1878. He also represented Lévis in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec from 1867 to 1875.
Sports Center Rožaje
Sports Center Rožaje (SC Rožaje; Montenegrin and Bosnian: Sportski centar Rožaje / Спортски центар Рожаје (СЦ Рожаје)), also known as Sports Center Bandžovo Brdo (Sportski centar Bandžovo Brdo / Спортски центар Банџово Брдо), is a sports center located in Rožaje, Montenegro. It is addressed on Carine bb on Bandžovo Brdo next to the building of solidarity. The main facilities of this sports center are the large hall and the main city stadium Bandžovo Brdo. Next to the stadium is an assistant football field. The sports center also has complex from small sports.
In the near future, an Olympic pool will be built as a part of this sport complex. The director is Rešid Pepić.

Montenegrin language
Montenegrin (crnogorski / црногорски [tsr̩nǒɡorskiː]) is the standard variety of the Serbo-Croatian language mainly used by Montenegrins. It is the official language of Montenegro. Montenegrin is based on the most widespread dialect of Serbo-Croatian, Shtokavian, more specifically on Eastern Herzegovinian, which is also the basis of Standard Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian.

The language used in Montenegro has historically and traditionally been called simply as Serbian. The idea of a Montenegrin standard language distinct from Serbian is a relatively recent political development that emerged in the late 1990s and early 2000s amid the breakup of Yugoslavia. It was closely associated with movements advocating Montenegrin independence from Serbia and Montenegro. Following independence, Montenegrin was designated the official language of Montenegro in 2007 with the adoption of a new constitution.
Chimney Gulch
Chimney Gulch is a valley and arroyo in the Diablo Range, in Santa Clara, California. Its mouth is at an elevation of 932 feet (284 meters) at its confluence with an unnamed creek tributary to East Fork Pacheco Creek that runs westward down below Hagerman Peak to join the East Fork about an eighth of a mile below its confluence with Chimney Gulch. The head of Chimney Gulch and the source of the stream, is a pond south of the Fifield Ranch on the northeast slope of Hagerman Peak at 37°06′52″N 121°13′55″W﻿ / ﻿37.11444°N 121.23194°W﻿ / 37.11444; -121.23194.

Santa Clara, California
Santa Clara (/ˌsæntə ˈklærə/ SAN-tə KLAR-ə; Spanish for 'Saint Clare') is a city in Santa Clara County, California. The city's population was 127,647 at the 2020 census, making it the eighth-most populous city in the Bay Area. Located in the southern Bay Area, the city was founded by the Spanish in 1777 with the establishment of Mission Santa Clara de Asís under the leadership of Junípero Serra.

Santa Clara is located in the center of Silicon Valley and is home to the headquarters of companies such as Intel, Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), and Nvidia. It is also home to Santa Clara University, the oldest private university in California; Levi's Stadium, the home of the National Football League's San Francisco 49ers; and California's Great America amusement park. Santa Clara is bordered by San Jose on almost every side, except for Sunnyvale and Cupertino to the west.
Linda Sparke
Linda Siobhan Sparke is a British astronomer known for her research on the structure and dynamics of galaxies. She is a professor emerita of astronomy at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, and Explorers Program Scientist in the NASA Astrophysics Division.

American Astronomical Society
The American Astronomical Society (AAS, sometimes spoken as "double-A-S") is an American society of professional astronomers and other interested individuals, headquartered in Washington, DC. The primary objective of the AAS is to promote the advancement of astronomy and closely related branches of science, while the secondary purpose includes enhancing astronomy education and providing a political voice for its members through lobbying and grassroots activities. Its current mission is to enhance and share humanity's scientific understanding of the universe as a diverse and inclusive astronomical community.
The Day of the Owl (film)
The Day of the Owl (Italian: Il giorno della civetta, released in the United States as Mafia)  is a 1968 crime drama film directed by Damiano Damiani, based on the 1961 novel of the same name by Leonardo Sciascia, adapted for the screen by Damiani and Ugo Pirro. It stars Franco Nero, Claudia Cardinale, and Lee J. Cobb. Set in a small Sicilian town, the story follows a Carabinieri chief investigating a murder, hampered by the deep-seated presence of the Mafia that perpetuates a culture of silence.

An Italian and French co-production, the film was shown in competition at the 1968 Berlin International Film Festival and won three David di Donatello Awards: Best Film, Best Actor for Franco Nero, and Best Actress for Claudia Cardinale.

David di Donatello for Best Film
The David di Donatello Award for Best Film (Italian: David di Donatello per il miglior film) is one of the David di Donatello awards presented annually by the Accademia del Cinema Italiano (ACI). The award recognizes the most outstanding Italian film theatrically released in Italy during the year preceding the ceremony. The award was first given in 1970, and became competitive in 1981.

Nominees and winners are selected via runoff voting by all the members of the Accademia.
Thomas Gow Brown
Thomas Gow Brown (9 February 1902 — 17 November 1985) was a Scottish international rugby union player.

Born in Corstorphine, Edinburgh, Gow Brown played his club rugby for Heriot's FP, where he was originally a half-back before playing more as a three-quarter. He represented Edinburgh District and was capped once for Scotland, used on a wing opposite Jack Morley against Wales at Swansea in 1929.

Gow Brown graduated with a degree in medicine and surgery from the University of Edinburgh in 1927. He became a bacteriologist and was member of the Royal College of Physicians.

Jack Morley
John Cuthbert Morley (28 July 1909 – 7 March 1972) was a Welsh international rugby wing who played rugby union for Newport and rugby league with Wigan. He won 14 caps for Wales in union, and five caps for Wales in rugby league, and was the first player to tour Australia and New Zealand for both union, and league British teams.

Morley, although mainly a wing player was often used as a utility back, and was known for his incredible pace and ability to change direction at speed. He was an intelligent but unorthodox player.
William Cline Borden
William Cline Borden (May 9, 1858 – August 18, 1934) was an American surgeon who was a key planner behind the Walter Reed Army Medical Center. Borden was also dean of the School of Medicine at George Washington University.

According to the medical center website, Borden "was the initiator, planner and effective mover for the creation, location, and first congressional support of the medical center." For this reason, it is still referred to today as "Borden's dream."

Army Medical School
The Army Medical School (AMS) was founded by U.S. Army Brigadier General George Miller Sternberg. According to some, it was the world's first school of public health and preventive medicine. (The other institution vying for this distinction is the Johns Hopkins School of Public Health (1916).) The AMS ultimately became the Army Medical Center (1923), then the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (1953).
CF Motril
Club de Fútbol Motril is a Spanish football club based in Motril, Granada, in the autonomous community of Andalusia (Spain). Founded in 2012 as a replacement for dissolved Motril CF, it plays in Tercera Federación – Group 9, holding home matches at Estadio Escribano Castilla, with a capacity of 5,400 seats.

Province of Granada
The Province of Granada (Spanish: Provincia de Granada) is a province in the eastern part of the autonomous community of Andalusia in Spain. It is bordered by the provinces of Albacete, Murcia, Almería, Jaén, Córdoba, Málaga, and the Mediterranean Sea (along the Costa Tropical). Its capital city is Granada.

The province has an area of 12,645.41 km2 (4,882.42 sq mi) and a population is 939,741 across its 170 municipalities.

There are certain conception about the autonomous community of Granada being separate from Andalusia. The new autonomous community would consist of the provinces of Granada, Almería and Málaga. The conception has not yet found a response.
Dieppe International Championship
The Dieppe International Championship also known Championnat international de Dieppe also known as the Dieppe International Tennis Championship Cup was a men's and women's clay court tennis tournament founded in 1888 as the Dieppe LTC Tournament . The tournament was held at the Club de tennis de Dieppe, Dieppe, France and ran annually through 1966  when it was dropped from that schedule of the ILTF Circuit.

Dieppe
Dieppe (French pronunciation: [djɛp]; Norman: Dgieppe; prob. from Old English  dēōp or Old Norse djúpr 'deep') is a coastal commune in the Seine-Maritime department, Normandy, northern France.

Dieppe is a seaport on the English Channel at the mouth of the river Arques. A regular ferry service runs to Newhaven in England.

Famous for its scallops, Dieppe also has a popular pebbled beach, a 15th-century castle and the churches of Saint-Jacques and Saint-Remi. The mouth of the river Scie lies at Hautot-sur-Mer, directly to the west of Dieppe.

The inhabitants of the town of Dieppe are called Dieppois (m) and Dieppoise (f) in French.
William McDonnell
William Neil McDonnell (July 15, 1876 – May 11, 1941) was an American sport shooter who competed in the 1912 Summer Olympics.

In 1912, he won the silver medal as a member of the American team in the team running deer, single shots event, and the bronze medal in the team 25 metre small-bore rifle competition. In the 1912 Summer Olympics he also participated in the following events:

25 metre small-bore rifle - 14th place

50 metre rifle, prone - 18th place

300 metre military rifle, three positions - 31st place

600 metre free rifle - 32nd place

Shooting at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's 25 metre small-bore rifle
The men's 25 metre small-bore rifle (originally called individual competition with miniature-rifle) was a shooting sports event held as part of the Shooting at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme. It was the first appearance of the event. The competition was held on Friday, 5 July 1912.

Thirty-six sport shooters from eight nations competed.