hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Moratorium (entertainment)
A moratorium is the practice of suspending the sales of films on home video DVD, VHS, and Blu-ray and boxed sets after a certain period of time. Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment was famous for this practice, known as the "Disney Vault," in which it would only sporadically sell home videos of animated films in the Disney catalogue, until 2019 when a program of undeletions and re-releases ultimately restored all Disney titles into simultaneous print on home entertainment for the first time and on the Disney+ streaming service. The 20th Century Fox film library (with the notable exception of The Rocky Horror Picture Show) was placed into moratorium and removed from theaters following Disney's acquisition of 21st Century Fox in 2019 according to a Vulture article; the decision noted the different policies between Fox, which had made most of its film archive available to theaters at all times, and Disney, which did (and does) not.

Acquisition of 21st Century Fox by Disney
The acquisition of 21st Century Fox by the Walt Disney Company was announced on December 14, 2017, and was completed on March 20, 2019. Among other key assets, the acquisition included the 20th Century Fox film and television studios, U.S. cable channels such as FX, Fox Networks Group, a 73% stake in National Geographic Partners, Indian television broadcaster Star India, and a 30% stake in Hulu. Most remaining assets (including the Fox Broadcasting Company, Fox Television Stations, Fox News Channel, Fox Business, Fox Sports 1 and 2, Fox Deportes, and the Big Ten Network), which were excluded from the deal, were spun off into a new company called Fox Corporation on March 19, 2019 (a day before the acquisition was completed). Other 21st Century Fox assets such as the Fox Sports Networks and Sky were divested and sold off to Sinclair and Comcast, respectively.
Jaya Baloo
Jaya Baloo is a cybersecurity expert who is currently the Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) at Avast Software. Baloo was named one of the top 100 CISO's in 2017 and one of the Forbes 100 Women Founders in Europe To Follow in 2018.

KPN
Koninklijke KPN N.V. (Royal KPN N.V. in English), trading as KPN is a Dutch telecommunications company. KPN originated from a government-run postal, telegraph and telephone service and is based in Rotterdam, Netherlands.
London Seniors Masters
The Bendinat London Seniors Masters was a men's professional golf tournament for players aged 50 and above as part of the European Seniors Tour. It was played in 1995 and then from 2005 to 2007. The event was played at the London Golf Club, Ash, Sevenoaks, Kent. It was played over the Heritage Course, which was designed by Jack Nicklaus. Sam Torrance of Scotland won the 2005 event on his way to topping the European Seniors Tour Order of Merit. In 2007 the prize fund was £150,000.

Ash, Sevenoaks District
Ash is a small village and former civil parish located in the Sevenoaks district in Kent. It shares the parish of Ash-cum-Ridley with the nearby villages of Ridley and New Ash Green. The London Golf Club is located in the village, which hosted the European Open on the PGA European Tour in 2008 and 2009. In 1951 the parish had a population of 1017.

Ash and Ridley were formerly separate parishes. Both were part of Dartford Rural District and Axstane Hundred.
Chambersburg Area Senior High School
Chambersburg Area Senior High School (CASHS) is a public high school located in Franklin County, Pennsylvania. The school serves grades 9, 10, 11, and 12. Students come from Chambersburg and surrounding townships of Hamilton, Greene, Lurgan, Letterkenny and Guilford.

As of the 2020–2021 school year, the school had an enrollment of 2,182 students and 118.06 classroom teachers on a FTE basis, for a student-teacher ratio of 18.48. CASHS has occupied its current facilities since 1955.

Pennsylvania Interscholastic Athletic Association
The Pennsylvania Interscholastic Athletic Association, Inc. (PIAA) is the primary governing body of high school and middle school athletics in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. PIAA's main office is located in the Harrisburg suburb of Mechanicsburg.
Zenani
Zenani is an isiXhosa, Unisex given name. Notable people with this name include the following:

Zenani Mandela-Dlamini (b. 1959), South African diplomat and traditional aristocrat

Zenani Mnguni (b. 1931), a retired South African politician

Zenani Kraai (b. 2000), South African field hockey player

Zenani Mnguni
Zenani David Mnguni (born 10 October 1931) is a retired South African politician who represented the National Party in the National Assembly during the first democratic Parliament from 1994 to 1999. He was elected to his seat in the 1994 general election. He stood for re-election in 1999 as a candidate in the Mpumalanga constituency, but his party did not win any seats in the province and he did not win a seat.
Essex Arms
Essex Arms is the fourth studio album by British singer-songwriter Darren Hayman, and his third with his regular backing band the Secondary Modern. It was released by Fortuna Pop! in 2010. It is the second part of his "Essex Trilogy".

Fortuna Pop!
Fortuna POP! was an English independent record label based in London, started in 1995 by Sean Price. It specialised in indie pop music.

Fortuna POP! previously promoted gigs under the banner of The Beat Hotel and then Basement Scam at the Buffalo Bar in Highbury, London and then promoted events under their own name. The label has been called an "indie institution".

On 31 July 2016, initially via a full page statement in the programme of that summer's Indietracks festival, the label announced that it was to be shut down.

The label was home to both previously established underground acts, such as Darren Hayman, the Wave Pictures and Comet Gain, and breakthrough bands such as the Pains of Being Pure at Heart, Evans the Death and the Spook School.
Area codes 760 and 442
Area codes 760 and 442 are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for the U.S. state of California. These area codes serve an overlay complex that comprises much of the southeastern and southernmost portions of California. It includes Imperial, Inyo, and Mono counties, as well as portions of San Diego, Riverside, San Bernardino, Los Angeles, and Kern counties. Area code 760 was created on March 22, 1997, in a split of area code 619. Area code 442 was added to the same area on November 21, 2009.

Overlay complex
In telecommunications, an area code overlay complex is a telephone numbering plan that assigns multiple area codes to the same geographic numbering plan area (NPA). Area code overlays are implemented in territories of the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) to mitigate exhaustion of central office codes in growth areas. The method has been in use since 1992, and has been the exclusive method of area code relief since 2007.
Sarah... Ang Munting Prinsesa
Sarah... Ang Munting Prinsesa (English: Sarah... The Little Princess) is a 1995 Filipino family drama film directed by Romy V. Suzara. The screenplay, written by Shaira Mella Salvador, was based on the 1985 Japanese anime Princess Sara, which in turn was based on the 1905 children's novel A Little Princess by British-American playwright and author Frances Hodgson Burnett. The film stars Camille Prats in the title role, with the cast including Rio Locsin, Mat Ranillo III, Angelica Panganiban, Romeo Rivera, and Jean Garcia.

Produced and distributed by Star Cinema, the film was theatrically released on June 7, 1995. This is the fourth film adaptation that was based on the programs transmitted by ABS-CBN (both network-produced and foreign).

Children's film
A children's film, or family film, is a film genre that generally relates to children in the context of home and family. Children's films are made specifically for children and not necessarily for a general audience, while family films are made for a wider appeal with a general audience in mind. Children's films come in several major genres like realism, fantasy, adventure, war, musicals, comedy, and literary adaptations.
Ulnar claw
An ulnar claw, also known as claw hand or Spinster’s Claw, is a deformity or an abnormal attitude of the hand that develops due to ulnar nerve damage, causing paralysis of the lumbricals.  A claw hand presents with a hyperextension at the metacarpophalangeal joints and flexion at the proximal and distal interphalangeal joints of the 4th and 5th fingers.  The patients with this condition can make a full fist, but when they extend their fingers, the hand posture is referred to as claw hand. The ring and little finger can usually not fully extend at the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP).

This can be commonly confused with the hand of benediction or pope's blessing, which is caused by proximal (at elbow level) median nerve damage.

Extensor digitorum muscle
The extensor digitorum muscle (also known as extensor digitorum communis) is a muscle of the posterior forearm present in humans and other animals. It extends the medial four digits of the hand. Extensor digitorum is innervated by the posterior interosseous nerve, which is a branch of the radial nerve.
Nils Andersen
Nils Andersen (21 March 1902 – 7 May 1979) was a Norwegian middle- and long-distance runner.

He was born in Kristiania, and represented the club Tøien TF. He competed in the 3000 metres team race at the 1924 Summer Olympics, along with team mates Haakon Jansen, Johan Badendyck and Hans Gundhus.

At national championships he won two silver medals, in the 1500 metres in 1924 and 5000 metres in 1925. He also collected bronze medals in the 1500 metres in 1922 and 1926.

Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Men's 3000 metres team race
The men's 3000 metres team event was part of the track and field athletics programme at the 1924 Summer Olympics. It was the third and last appearance of a 3000-metre team race event after the debut in 1912, but the sixth time that a team contest was arranged at the Olympics. The competition was held on Friday, July 11, 1924, and on Sunday, July 13, 1924. Forty-four runners from nine nations competed.
Spahr
Spahr  is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charles Barzillai Spahr (1860-1904), American political economist

Charles E. Spahr (1913–2009)

Gebhard Spahr (1913–1986), German Benedictine monk, historian, art historian

Jean Gurney Fine Spahr (1861-1935), American social reformer

Juliana Spahr (born 1966), American poet, critic, and editor

Samuel Spahr Laws (1824–1921), American physician, businessman, inventor, professor, college president and minister

Timothy B. Spahr, American astronomer
171P/Spahr, periodic comet in the Solar System; named after Timothy B. Spahr
242P/Spahr
2975 Spahr, main-belt asteroid; named after Timothy B. Spahr
Walter Earl Spahr, (1891-1970), Economist, Professor, Consultant, Author
David L. Spahr, (born 1950), Author, Educator, Naturalist, Photographer, Martial Artist, Farmer

171P/Spahr
171P/Spahr is a periodic comet in the Solar System. 171P/Spahr  was recovered on 20–24 October 2011 at apparent magnitude 20.6 using the 2.0-metre (79 in) Faulkes Telescope South. 171P/Spahr is peaked at about magnitude 18 in 2012.

During the 1999 passage, the comet brightened to about magnitude 13.5.

At perihelion on January 13, 2019, when the comet was 1AU from Earth, the 3-sigma uncertainty in the comet's Earth distance was ±500 km.
Lance Anderson
Lance Anderson is an American makeup artist who was nominated at the 78th Academy Awards in the category of Best Makeup. He shared his nomination with his son, David LeRoy Anderson, for their work on the film Cinderella Man.

Cinderella Man
Cinderella Man is a 2005 American biographical drama film directed by Ron Howard. The film stars Russell Crowe, Renée Zellweger, and Paul Giamatti. It tells the true story of heavyweight boxing champion James J. Braddock, who was dubbed "The Cinderella Man" by journalist Damon Runyon. The film marked the second collaboration for Howard and Crowe, succeeding A Beautiful Mind (2001).

Universal Pictures and Miramax Films released Cinderella Man in the United States on June 3, 2005. It received generally positive reviews from critics and grossed $108 million worldwide.

Cinderella Man received three Academy Award nominations, including Best Supporting Actor for Giamatti. Crowe and Giamatti both received Golden Globe Award and Screen Actors Guild Award nominations for their performances, and Giamatti won the latter alongside a Critics' Choice Movie Award for Best Supporting Actor. Retrospective critical reviews have named Cinderella Man as one of the greatest boxing films of all time.
Erica oblongiflora
Erica oblongiflora, the Agulhas green heath or sticky green heath, is a plant belonging to the genus Erica and is part of the fynbos. The species is endemic to the Western Cape. Here it occurs on the southern part of the Agulhas Plain to Cape Infanta. There are three subpopulations occurring in an area of 479 km². This area has been reduced due to encroachment of plants such as Acacia cyclops and grazing by livestock. The population at Infanta is threatened by coastal development.

Agulhas Plain
The Agulhas Plain is a complex wetland system located in the Overberg at the southern tip of Africa. It begins north of Bredasdorp, and extends to the southern tip of Cape Agulhas. The western boundary is near Gansbaai. The area has been designated as a protected Ramsar site since 2026.

There are many endangered plant species in the area. Many of these are not found in the state forests and private nature reserves along the coastal areas, but grow more inland.
Uvaria micrantha
Uvaria micrantha is a plant in the custard apple family Annonaceae native to Indo-China, Malesia, New Guinea, and northern parts of Western Australia and Queensland. It is a scrambling shrub or vine with a stem diameter up 5 cm (2.0 in) which inhabits monsoon forest and gallery forest.

It is a host plant for larvae of the green-spotted triangle butterfly.

Seasonal tropical forest
Seasonal tropical forest, also known as moist deciduous, semi-evergreen seasonal, tropical mixed or monsoon forest, typically contains a range of tree species: only some of which drop some or all of their leaves during the dry season. This tropical forest is classified under the Walter system as (i) tropical climate with high overall rainfall (typically in the 1000–2500 mm range; 39–98 inches) and (ii) having a very distinct wet season with (an often cooler "winter") dry season.  These forests represent a range of habitats influenced by monsoon (Am) or tropical wet savanna (Aw/As) climates (as in the Köppen climate classification).  Drier forests in the Aw/As climate zone are typically deciduous and placed in the Tropical dry forest biome: with further transitional zones (ecotones) of savannah woodland then tropical and subtropical grasslands, savannas, and shrublands.
28th Parliament of Turkey
The 28th Parliament of Turkey was elected at the 2023 Turkish parliamentary election. It succeeded the 27th Parliament of Turkey in May 2023. The 600 members, elected through proportional representation from 87 electoral districts of Turkey, are shown below.

Democracy and Progress Party
The Democracy and Progress Party (Turkish: Demokrasi ve Atılım Partisi, DEVA) is a Turkish political party founded on 9 March 2020 under the leadership of Ali Babacan, a former economy minister under the AKP. The official abbreviation is "DEVA" (Remedy in Turkish) according to the party records. The party's logo is a water droplet, inside a silhouette of sapling.
Saint-Laurent-du-Mottay
Saint-Laurent-du-Mottay (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ loʁɑ̃ dy mɔtɛ] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Maine-et-Loire department in western France. On 15 December 2015, it was merged into the new commune Mauges-sur-Loire. Its population was 751 in 2022.

Maine-et-Loire
Maine-et-Loire (French pronunciation: [mɛn e lwaʁ] ⓘ) is a department in the Loire Valley in the Pays de la Loire region in Western France. It is named after the two rivers, Maine and the Loire. It borders Mayenne and Sarthe to the north, Loire-Atlantique to the west, Indre-et-Loire to the east, Vienne and Deux-Sèvres to the south, Vendée to the south-west, and Ille-et-Vilaine to the north-west. Its prefecture is Angers; its subprefectures are Cholet, Saumur and Segré-en-Anjou Bleu. Maine-et-Loire had a population of 818,273 in 2019.
Henry le Chen
Henry le Chen [le Cheyn, le Chein, Cheyne, de Chene] was a late 13th-century and early 14th-century Scoto-Norman bishop. Hector Boece claims that he was the nephew of John III Comyn, Lord of Badenoch, but no contemporary evidence supports this. Cheyne belonged to a family with Norman roots which was well established in the northeast of Scotland, holding significant amounts of territory on the boundaries of the Earldom of Buchan.

Earl of Buchan
The Mormaer (/mɔːrˈmɛər/) or Earl of Buchan (/ˈbʌxən/) was originally the provincial ruler of the medieval province of Buchan. Buchan was the first Mormaerdom in the High Medieval Kingdom of the Scots to pass into the hands of a non-Scottish family in the male line. The earldom had three lines in its history, not counting passings from female heirs to sons. Today, it is held by the Erskine family as a peerage. The current holder is Harry Erskine, 18th Earl of Buchan (b. 1960). Subsidiary titles are Lord Cardross and Lord Auchterhouse and Baron Erskine.
Lohengrin (Sciarrino)
Lohengrin (Azione invisibile per solista, strumenti e voci) is an operatic monodrama by the Italian composer Salvatore Sciarrino. Premiered in 1982 in Milan the work was later revised by Sciarrino and the new version was premiered in on 9 September 1984 in Catanzaro. The opera, which is less than an hour long, is loosely based on Jules Laforgue's 1887 parody of Wagner's opera of the same name, published as part of his Moralités légendaires.

Jules Laforgue
Jules Laforgue (French: [ʒyl lafɔʁɡ]; 16 August 1860 – 20 August 1887) was a Franco-Uruguayan poet, often referred to as a Symbolist poet. Critics and commentators have also pointed to Impressionism as a direct influence and his poetry has been called "part-symbolist, part-impressionist". Laforgue was a model for Pierre-Auguste Renoir, including for Renoir's 1881 painting Luncheon of the Boating Party.
2013 MuchMusic Video Awards
The 2013 MuchMusic Video Awards were held on Sunday June 16, 2013 at the MuchMusic headquarters in Toronto, Canada. Demi Lovato was the first performer announced. Psy served as co-host and a performer.

Started from the Bottom
"Started from the Bottom" is a song by Canadian hip hop recording artist Drake, released as the first single from his third studio album Nothing Was the Same. The song was written by Drake, Michael Coleman, and Noah "40" Shebib, and it was produced by Coleman under his stage name Mike Zombie, with additional production by Shebib. It features a sample of the ambient piece "Ambessence Piano & Drones 1" by Bruno Sanfilippo. "Started from the Bottom" peaked at number six on the Billboard Hot 100.
Bruneian nationality law
The Bruneian nationality law governs the issues of citizenship and nationality of Brunei. The law regulates the nationality and citizenship status of all people who live in Brunei as well as all people who are of Bruneian descent. It allows the children of expatriates, foreigners as well as residents in Brunei to examine their citizenship status and if necessary, apply for and obtain citizenship of Brunei.

The primary law relating to Bruneian citizenship is the Nationality Act, 1962 drafted while Brunei was a British protectorate. The act was later amended in 1984 and 2002.

Bruneian citizens are also Commonwealth citizens as well.

Commonwealth citizen
A Commonwealth citizen is a citizen of a Commonwealth of Nations member state. While most Commonwealth countries do not distinguish between them and the citizens of other countries, some grant limited rights and privileges. For example, in 14 Commonwealth countries, resident Commonwealth citizens are eligible to vote in elections. The status is most significant in the United Kingdom, where they are not considered foreign nationals under British law. They may be eligible to vote in elections, stand for public office, and access certain public services, subject to their right of abode (e.g. indefinite leave to remain).

In addition to voting and residency rights, in certain situations, Commonwealth citizens may receive consular assistance from fellow Commonwealth countries. Notably, they are entitled to emergency assistance from British embassies and consulates when in a non-Commonwealth country, where their own government has no diplomatic representation.
Prabhakar Rao
Prabhakar Rao (4 August 1935 – 9 June 2019) was an Indian cricketer. He played in 32 first-class matches for Madras from 1956/57 to 1966/67. Following his cricket career, he became the vice-president of the Tamil Nadu Cricket Association.

Tamil Nadu Cricket Association
The Tamil Nadu Cricket Association (TNCA) is the governing body of cricket activities in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It is affiliated with the Board of Control for Cricket in India and governs the Tamil Nadu cricket team. The TNCA is one of the permanent test centres of the BCCI.
Trévignin
Trévignin (French pronunciation: [tʁeviɲɛ̃]; Savoyard: Trèvnyin) is a commune in the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France. It is part of the urban area of Chambéry.

Savoie
Savoie (French pronunciation: [savwa]; Arpitan: Savouè or Savouè-d'Avâl, lit. 'Lower Savoy'; Italian: Savoia; Occitan: Savòia; English: Savoy, /səˈvɔɪ/) is a department in the region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Southeastern France. Located in the French Alps, its prefecture is Chambéry. In 2019, Savoie had a population of 436,434.

Together with Haute-Savoie, it is one of the two departments of the historical region of Savoy; the Duchy of Savoy was annexed by France in 1860, following the signing of the Treaty of Turin. The area is known for its numerous ski resorts and contribution to French cuisine, with culinary specialities such as fondue savoyarde, tartiflette, génépi, as well as various sorts of saucisson.
Ocular tonometry
Tonometry is the procedure that eye care professionals perform to determine the intraocular pressure (IOP) of aqueous humor, the fluid pressure inside the eye. It is an important test in the evaluation of patients at risk from glaucoma. Most tonometers are calibrated to measure pressure in millimeters of mercury (mmHg), with the normal eye pressure range between 10 and 21 mmHg (13–28 hPa).

Cornea
The cornea is the transparent front part of the eyeball which covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber. Along with the anterior chamber and lens, the cornea refracts light, accounting for approximately two-thirds of the eye's total optical power. In humans, the refractive power of the cornea is approximately 43 dioptres. The cornea can be reshaped by surgical procedures such as LASIK.

While the cornea contributes most of the eye's focusing power, its focus is fixed. Accommodation (the refocusing of light to better view near objects) is accomplished by changing the geometry of the lens.  Medical terms related to the cornea often start with the prefix "kerat-" from the Greek word κέρας, horn.
Sérigné
Sérigné (French pronunciation: [seʁiɲe]) is a commune in the Vendée department in the Pays de la Loire region in western France. It is located 5 km northwest from Fontenay-le-Comte and 48 km southeast from La Roche-sur-Yon, the capital city of Vendée.

Vendée
Vendée (French pronunciation: [vɑ̃de] ⓘ) is a department in the Pays de la Loire region in Western France, on the Atlantic coast. In 2019, it had a population of 685,442. Its prefecture is La Roche-sur-Yon.