hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shghur Fawqani
Shghur Fawqani (Arabic: شغور فوقاني)  is a Syrian village located in Jisr al-Shughur Nahiyah in Jisr al-Shughur District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Shghur Fawqani had a population of 2079 in the 2004 census.

Jisr ash-Shughur District
Jisr ash-Shughur District (Arabic: منطقة جسر الشغور, romanized: manṭiqat Ǧisr aš-Šuġūr) is a district of the Idlib Governorate in northwestern Syria. Administrative centre is the city of Jisr ash-Shugur. At the 2004 census, the district had a population of 150,193.
Novopodkletnoye
Novopodkletnoye (Russian: Новоподклетное) is a rural locality (a village) in Yamenskoye Rural Settlement, Ramonsky District, Voronezh Oblast, Russia. The population was 493 as of 2010. There are 147 streets.

Ramonsky District
Ramonsky District (Russian: Рамо́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-two in Voronezh Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,281 square kilometers (495 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (a work settlement) of Ramon. Population: 38,471 (2021 Census); 32,027 (2010 Census); 33,230 (2002 Census); 43,711 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Ramon accounts for 22.0% of the district's total population.
Australia men's national para ice hockey team
The Australian men's national para ice hockey team (also known as the Aussie Ice Roos) is the para ice hockey team representing Australia.  The team made its debut at the 2018 World Para Ice Hockey Championships (Pool C) in Finland.

World Para Ice Hockey Championships
The World Para Ice Hockey Championships, known before 30 November 2016 as the IPC Ice Sledge Hockey World Championships, are the world championships for sledge hockey. They are organised by the International Paralympic Committee through its World Para Ice Hockey subcommittee.

The first sanctioned World Para Ice Hockey Championships were held in Nynäshamn, Sweden in 1996.

On 30 November 2016, the IPC, which serves as the international governing body for 10 disability sports, adopted the "World Para" branding across all of those sports. At the same time, it changed the official name of the sport from "sledge hockey" to "Para Ice hockey". The name of the world championships was immediately changed to "World Para Ice Hockey Championships" (WPIHC).
Erasmus T. Carr
Erasmus T. Carr FAIA (October 25, 1825 – May 12, 1915) was an American architect in practice in Leavenworth, Kansas, Denver, Colorado and Miles City, Montana from 1857 until his retirement in 1898. Carr, along with John G. Haskell, was one of the first two professional architects to practice in Kansas.

Manhattan, Kansas
Manhattan is a city in and the county seat of Riley County, Kansas, United States, although the city extends into Pottawatomie County. It is located in northeastern Kansas at the junction of the Kansas River and Big Blue River. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 54,100.

The city was founded by settlers from the New England Emigrant Aid Company as a Free-State town in the 1850s, during the Bleeding Kansas era. Nicknamed "the Little Apple" as a play on New York City's moniker of the "Big Apple", the city is a college town with a significant student population, because it is home to Kansas State University (KSU).
Oakmont Country Club
Oakmont Country Club is a country club in Plum and Oakmont, Pennsylvania, United States. Established in 1903, the club predominantly lies in the borough of Plum, in the East Hills suburbs of Pittsburgh. Its golf course is regarded as the "oldest top-ranked golf course in the United States" and was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1987. The Pennsylvania Turnpike separates seven holes (two through eight) from the rest of the layout. Oakmont most recently hosted its record tenth U.S. Open in 2025.

Lee Trevino
Lee Buck Trevino (born December 1, 1939) is an American retired professional golfer who is regarded as one of the greatest players in golf history. He was inducted to the World Golf Hall of Fame in 1981. Trevino won six major championships and 29 PGA Tour events over the course of his career. He is one of only four players to twice win the U.S. Open, The Open Championship and the PGA Championship. The Masters Tournament was the only major that eluded him. He is an icon for Mexican Americans, and is often referred to as "the Merry Mex" and "Supermex", both affectionate nicknames given to him by other golfers.
Deborah Kent
Deborah Anne Kent (born 1978) is an American mathematics educator, textbook author, historian of mathematics, and historian of astronomy, with particular interests in game theory, 19th-century mathematics, and historic observations of eclipses. She works in Scotland as Senior Lecturer in History of Mathematics at the University of St Andrews.

Mathematics education
In contemporary education, mathematics education (known in Europe as the didactics or pedagogy of mathematics) is the practice of teaching, learning, and carrying out scholarly research into the transfer of mathematical knowledge.

Although research into mathematics education is primarily concerned with the tools, methods, and approaches that facilitate practice or the study of practice, it also covers an extensive field of study encompassing a variety of different concepts, theories and methods. National and international organisations regularly hold conferences and publish literature in order to improve mathematics education.
Liard Formation
The Liard Formation is a stratigraphic unit of Middle Triassic to Late Triassic age in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin that is present in northeastern British Columbia. It takes its name from the Liard River, and was first described from outcrops on the southern bank of that river, near Hell Gate Rapids in the Grand Canyon of the Liard, by E.D. Kindle in 1946.

The Liard Formation contains marine index fossils that define its age, but it is less fossiliferous than the underlying Toad Formation. A very diverse ichnofossil assemblage is also known from the upper part of the formation.

Middle Triassic
In the geologic timescale, the Middle Triassic is the second of three epochs of the Triassic period or the middle of three series in which the Triassic system is divided in chronostratigraphy. The Middle Triassic spans the time between 246.7 Ma and 237 Ma (million years ago). It is preceded by the Early Triassic Epoch and followed by the Late Triassic Epoch. The Middle Triassic is divided into the Anisian and Ladinian ages or stages.

Formerly the middle series in the Triassic was also known as Muschelkalk. This name is now only used for a specific unit of rock strata with approximately Middle Triassic age, found in western Europe. The Ashfield Shale and Bringelly Shale of western Sydney date to this epoch, with the former featuring fluvial fossils from that era.
Leandro Leite
Leandro Leite Mateus is a Brazilian footballer who plays as a midfielder for São Luiz. He has captained the club Brasil de Pelotas since 2012 and made over 300 appearances in all competitions for them, during which they have climbed from the second division of the state competition to Campeonato Brasileiro Série B.

Previously he has represented Ceilândia in Campeonato Brasileiro Série C between 2004 and 2007. He also represented Metropolitano in 2010 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D and Brusque in 2011 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D.

Esporte Clube São Luiz
Esporte Clube São Luiz, commonly known as São Luiz, is a Brazilian professional association football club based in Ijuí, Rio Grande do Sul. The team plays in Série D, the fourth tier of the Brazilian football league system, as well as in the Gauchão Série A, the top tier of the Rio Grande do Sul state football league.
Jennifer Selby
Jennifer A. Selby is a Canadian scholar and Associate Professor of Religious Studies at Memorial University of Newfoundland. She is known for her research on secularism, women in Islam, gender studies and religious law.
Selby won a Fulbright Fellowship in 2007 and 2016.

Religious law
Religious law includes ethical and moral codes taught by religious traditions. Examples of religiously derived legal codes include Christian canon law (applicable within a wider theological conception in the church, but in modern times distinct from secular state law), Jewish halakha, Islamic sharia, and Hindu law. In some jurisdictions, religious law may apply only to that religion's adherents; in others, it may be enforced by civil authorities for all residents.
Bertoloni
Bertoloni is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonio Bertoloni (1775–1869), Italian botanist with the botanical author abbreviation Bertol., father of Giuseppe

Giuseppe Bertoloni (1804–1874), Italian botanist and entomologist with the botanical author abbreviation G.Bertol., son of Antonio

Giuseppe Bertoloni
Giuseppe Bertoloni (16 September 1804, in Sarzana – 19 December 1874, in Bologna) was an Italian botanist and entomologist.

He was professor of botany in the University of Bologna which conserves his collections in the University Museum. Bertoloni worked especially on the flora and fauna of Mozambique. He was a member of La Società Entomologica Italiana.

His father Antonio (1775-1869) was a physician and botanist in Bologna.
Hayyim ben David Schwartz
Hayyim ben David Schwartz (German: Schwarz; Hebrew: חיים בן דוד שחור, Hayyim ben David Shahor; c. 1490 – 1549) was an early Hebrew printer, typographer, and editor, known as the first Jewish printer of Hebrew books in Germany.

Sebastian Münster
Sebastian Münster (20 January 1488 – 26 May 1552) was a German cartographer and cosmographer. He also was a Christian Hebraist scholar who taught as a professor at the University of Basel. His well-known work, the highly accurate world map, Cosmographia, sold well and went through 24 editions. Its influence was widely spread by a production of woodcuts created of it by a variety of artists.
NBA TV Canada
NBA TV Canada is a Canadian English language discretionary specialty channel owned by Maple Leaf Sports & Entertainment (MLSE). It is the Canadian version of NBA TV, broadcasting programming focused on the National Basketball Association, and its Canadian franchise, the Toronto Raptors.

Television in Canada
Television in Canada officially began with the sign-on of the nation's first television stations in Montreal and Toronto in 1952. As with most media in Canada, the television industry, and the television programming available in that country, are strongly influenced by media in the United States and the United Kingdom, perhaps to an extent not seen in any other major industrialized nation. As a result, the government institutes quotas for "Canadian content". Nonetheless, new content is often aimed at a broader North American audience, although the similarities may be less pronounced in the predominantly French-language province of Quebec.
2015–16 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 4 – Men's 500 metres
The men's 500 metres races of the 2015–16 ISU Speed Skating World Cup 4, arranged in the Thialf arena in Heerenveen, Netherlands, were held on 11 and 13 December 2015.

Pavel Kulizhnikov of Russia won race one, while his compatriot Aleksey Yesin came second, and Alex Boisvert-Lacroix of Canada came third. Espen Aarnes Hvammen of Norway won the first Division B race.

Ruslan Murashov of Russia won race two, with Boisvert-Lacroix in second place, and Hvammen in third. Denis Koval of Russia won the second Division B race.

Pavel Kulizhnikov
Pavel Aleksandrovich Kulizhnikov (Russian: Павел Александрович Кулижников; born 20 April 1994) is a Russian speed skater. He won the men's 500 metres event at the 2015 World Single Distance Championships as well as the 2015 World Sprint Championships, becoming the youngest winner since speed skating icon Eric Heiden of the United States. In 2015, he became the first speed skater to finish the 500-meter in under 34 seconds with a world record of 33.98. In 2020 he became the first speed skater to break 1:06 in the 1000 metres. At the 2016 World Single Distance Championships, Kulizhnikov won the men's 500 m and 1000 m, becoming the first man to win gold in both distances at the same speed skating World Single Distances Championships.
Ust-Talovka
Ust-Talovka (Russian: Усть-Таловка) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Ust-Talovsky Selsoviet, Kuryinsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 948 as of 2013. There are 8 streets.

Kuryinsky District
Kuryinsky District (Russian: Курьи́нский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-nine in Altai Krai, Russia. It is located in the south of the krai. The area of the district is 2,500 square kilometers (970 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Kurya. Population:  11,079 (2010 Census); 13,492 (2002 Census); 14,012 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Kurya accounts for 34.6% of the district's total population.
Wesley Nyirenda
Pillsbury Wesley Nyirenda was a Zambian politician and the first elected Speaker of the National Assembly of Zambia after the it was renamed from Legislative Council of Northern Rhodesia. He also as a member of parliament for Fort Jameson from 1964 to 1973 before the Seat was abolished and split into Chipata East, Chipata North and Chipata West. He was also the indigenous Zambian to be President of NOCZ taking over from George Crane in 1968.

National Olympic Committee of Zambia
The National Olympic Committee of Zambia (IOC code: ZAM) is the National Olympic Committee representing Zambia. It was created in 1951 as the National Olympic Committee of Northern Rhodesia and recognised by the IOC in 1963.

Zambia made its debut at the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City. Previously, it competed as Northern Rhodesia in 1964 (changing its name on the day of the closing ceremony) and under the banner of Rhodesia in 1960.

Since 2010, the Committee, in conjunction with the International Olympic Committee (IOC) and the Government of Zambia have operated an Olympic Youth Development Center (OYDC) in Lusaka, Zambia. The center was opened as a pilot project by the IOC and is open to all youth in the country.
2024 EuroLeague Final Four
The 2024 EuroLeague Final Four was the concluding EuroLeague Final Four tournament of the 2023–24 EuroLeague season, the 67th season of Europe's premier club basketball tournament, and the 24th season since it was first organised by Euroleague Basketball. It is the 37th Final Four of the modern EuroLeague Final Four era (1988–present), and the 39th time overall that the competition will conclude with a final four format. Euroleague Basketball announced that the Final Four would be played at the Uber Arena in Berlin, Germany, on 24–26 May 2024.

In the championship game, Panathinaikos AKTOR dethroned Real Madrid, winning their 7th title and returning to European glory after thirteen years.

Final four
In  sports, the final four is the last four teams remaining in a playoff tournament. Usually the final four compete in the two games of a single-elimination tournament's semi-final (penultimate) round. Of these teams, the two who win in the semi-final round play another single-elimination game whose winner is the tournament champion. In some tournaments, the two teams that lose in the semi-final round compete for third place in a consolation game.
Hyman E. Mintz
Hyman E. Mintz (October 6, 1908 – March 25, 1966) was an American politician who served in the New York State Assembly from the Sullivan district from 1951 to 1965.

Mintz was accused of bribery and perjury charges for trying to get insider information on a grand jury probe of the Finger Lakes Race Track in Canandaigua, N. Y. His aide Morris Gold, and Police Chief Carl Kaplan were also investigated.  Mintz was found guilty and sentenced to one year in prison. (1965)

He died of a heart condition on March 25, 1966, in Manhattan, New York City, New York at age 57.

Sullivan County, New York
Sullivan County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 78,624. The county seat is Monticello. The county's name honors Major General John Sullivan, who was labeled at the time as a hero in the American Revolutionary War in part due to his successful campaign in destroying 40 Iroquois villages and chasing 5,000 of them out of the area (see Sullivan Expedition). The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.

The county was the site of hundreds of Borscht Belt hotels and resorts, which had their heyday from the 1920s through the 1970s.

In 2010, the state's center of population was at the southern edge of Sullivan County.
Atriplex parryi
Atriplex parryi is a species of saltbush known by the common name Parry's saltbush. It is native to the deserts and plateaus of eastern California and western Nevada.

It is a plant of alkaline and saline soils in habitats such as salt flats, where it grows with other halophytes such as Nitrophila.

Alkali soil
Alkali, or  alkaline, soils are clay soils with high pH (greater than 8.5), a poor soil structure and a low infiltration capacity. Often they have a hard calcareous layer at 0.5 to 1 metre depth. Alkali soils owe their unfavorable physico-chemical properties mainly to the dominating presence of sodium carbonate, which causes the soil to swell and to be difficult to clarify/settle. They derive their name from the alkali metal group of elements, to which sodium belongs, and which can induce basicity. Sometimes these soils are also referred to as alkaline sodic soils.
55th Medical Group
This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Army.

The 55th Medical Group was constituted on 13 January 1941, in the Regular Army as the 55th Medical Battalion. The battalion served in combat in Europe in World War II.  Later reorganized as a medical group, the unit again saw combat in the Republic of Vietnam. It was stationed at Fort Bragg, North Carolina during the Cold War, before and after its deployment to Vietnam and again in the 1990s.

XXI Corps (United States)
The XXI Corps was a corps of the U.S. Army during World War II.  It was constituted on 2 December 1943, and activated on 6 December 1943 at Camp Polk, Louisiana. XXI Corps fought for 116 days in the European Theater of Operations, starting in the Alsace, crossing into southern Germany, and swarming into Austria, with individual elements reaching into northern Italy. The corps was commanded in combat by Major General Frank W. Milburn as a subordinate unit of the Seventh U.S. Army.

On 3 February 1944 the Headquarters and Headquarters Battery, 214th Field Artillery Group was constituted in the Army of the United States and was assigned to XXI Corps, Fourth United States Army. It was activated on 17 April 1944 at Camp Van Dorn, Mississippi.
Frank G. Smith
Frank Grigsby Smith (August 2, 1872 – October 27, 1950) was a justice of the Arkansas Supreme Court from 1912 to 1949.

Born in Marion, Arkansas, Smith gained admission to the bar in Arkansas in 1893. He was elected to the Arkansas House of Representatives in 1894, when he was twenty-two years old, and re-elected in 1896. He was elected to the Arkansas Senate in 1902 and 1904, and to the Arkansas Second Judicial Circuit in 1906. As a state court judge, he was nominated by the Democratic Party for the state supreme court in 1912. Smith won the election, and was re-elected to five subsequent eight-year terms, writing thousands of opinions during his tenure prior to his resignation in 1949.

Smith died in Marion at the age of 78.

Arkansas Senate
The Arkansas State Senate is the upper branch of the Arkansas General Assembly. The Senate consists of 35 members, each representing a district with about 83,000 people. Service in the state legislature is part-time, and many state senators have full-time jobs during the rest of the year. During the current term, the Senate contains twenty-eight Republicans, six Democrats and one vacancy.
Fall for Your Type
"Fall for Your Type" is a downtempo ballad, recorded by American singer and actor Jamie Foxx for his fourth studio album, Best Night of My Life (2010). The song was released as the third single from the album on November 12, 2010.

It features guest vocals from Canadian rapper Drake, who originally recorded the song for his debut studio album, Thank Me Later (2010). The song was written by Noah "40" Shebib, Aubrey "Drake" Graham and Noel Campbell. "Fall for Your Type" was produced by Shebib, with vocal production by Rico Love.

40 (music producer)
Noah James Shebib (born March 31, 1983), better known by his stage name 40, is a Canadian record producer, songwriter, record executive, and former child actor from Toronto, Ontario. He is best known for his production work with fellow Toronto native Drake, having extensive involvement on the entirety of Drake's discography since 2008. Shebib's production style, often described as downtempo and ambient, has become synonymous with Drake's sound. His other production credits include Lil Wayne, Alicia Keys, Beyoncé, Action Bronson, and Jamie Foxx.

Shebib and Drake are two of the three co-founders of the OVO Sound label, which was launched as an imprint of Warner Records in 2012. Shebib has won two Grammy Awards from 20 nominations.
Radiosity (radiometry)
In radiometry, radiosity is the radiant flux leaving (emitted, reflected and transmitted by) a surface per unit area, and spectral radiosity is the radiosity of a surface per unit frequency or wavelength, depending on whether the spectrum is taken as a function of frequency or of wavelength. The SI unit of radiosity is the watt per square metre (W/m2), while that of spectral radiosity in frequency is the watt per square metre per hertz (W·m−2·Hz−1) and that of spectral radiosity in wavelength is the watt per square metre per metre (W·m−3)—commonly the watt per square metre per nanometre (W·m−2·nm−1). The CGS unit erg per square centimeter per second (erg·cm−2·s−1) is often used in astronomy. Radiosity is often called intensity in branches of physics other than radiometry, but in radiometry this usage leads to confusion with radiant intensity.

Diffuse reflection
Diffuse reflection is the reflection of light or other waves or particles from a surface such that a ray incident on the surface is scattered at many angles rather than at just one angle as in the case of specular reflection. An ideal diffuse reflecting surface is said to exhibit Lambertian reflection, meaning that there is equal luminance when viewed from all directions lying in the half-space adjacent to the surface.

A surface built from a non-absorbing powder such as plaster, or from fibers such as paper, or from a polycrystalline material such as white marble, reflects light diffusely with great efficiency. Many common materials exhibit a mixture of specular and diffuse reflection.

The visibility of objects, excluding light-emitting ones, is primarily caused by diffuse reflection of light: it is diffusely-scattered light that forms the image of the object in an observer's eye over a wide range of angles of the observer with respect to the object.