hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Journal of Economic Surveys
Journal of Economic Surveys is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by John Wiley & Sons. The journal was established in 1987. The journal covers developments in economics in areas such as econometrics, economic history and business economics. Specific topics include business, finance, banking, regulation and exchanges.

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 4.237, ranking it 56 out of 378 journals in the category "Economics".

The Journal of Economic Surveys is also rated as an 'A' class journal in the Australian Business Deans Council Journal List.

Regulation
Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context. For example:

in government, typically regulation (or its plural) refers to the delegated legislation which is adopted to enforce primary legislation; including land-use regulation

in economy: regulatory economics

in finance: financial regulation

in business, industry self-regulation occurs through self-regulatory organizations and trade associations which allow industries to set and enforce rules with less government involvement; and,

in biology, gene regulation and metabolic regulation allow living organisms to adapt to their environment and maintain homeostasis;

in psychology, self-regulation theory is the study of how individuals regulate their thoughts and behaviors to reach goals.
Toddie Byrne
Thomas Byrne (13 April 1934 – 4 April 2006) was an Irish Fine Gael politician.

He was educated at St Mary's College, Galway, and trained as a National School teacher at St Patrick's College of Education, Drumcondra, Dublin.

He stood unsuccessfully for Dáil Éireann at the 1969, 1973 and 1977 general elections. He was elected to Seanad Éireann in 1981 for the Labour Panel constituency. He was re-elected at the 1982 election but lost his seat at the 1983 Seanad election. He was a member of Galway County Council for the Loughrea area from 1967 to 1999.

1977 Irish general election
The 1977 Irish general election to the 21st Dáil was held on Thursday, 16 June, following the dissolution of the 20th Dáil on 25 May by President Patrick Hillery on the request of Taoiseach Liam Cosgrave. The general election took place in 42 Dáil constituencies throughout Ireland for 148 seats in Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas, an increase of four seats. There was a significant revision of constituencies under the Electoral (Amendment) Act 1974. Jack Lynch led Fianna Fáil to a landslide election win, clearly defeating the outgoing Fine Gael–Labour government.

The 21st Dáil met at Leinster House on 5 July to nominate the Taoiseach for appointment by the president and to approve the appointment of a new government of Ireland. Jack Lynch was appointed Taoiseach, forming the 15th government of Ireland, a single-party majority Fianna Fáil government. It was the last election to result in a single-party majority government.
Before the Dream Faded...
Before the Dream Faded... is the second album of DIY guru Calvin Johnson.  It features production and instrumentation from such K Records regulars as Phil Elverum, Mirah, Khaela Maricich, Adam Forkner and Jona Bechtolt.  The album was released in October 2005 to mostly positive reviews.

Jona Bechtolt
Jona Bechtolt (born December 2, 1980) is an electronic musician and multimedia artist based in Portland, Oregon, United States, best known for his band YΔCHT. He is a former member of The Badger King, Dirty Projectors, and The Blow. YΔCHT began in 2003 as a vehicle for his solo work, but in 2008 became a duo with the addition of singer Claire L. Evans.
C. T. Nylander
Clarkson Thomas Nylander was a Ghanaian educationist, diplomat and politician. He served as a minister of state and a member of parliament during the first republic. He was a minister of education and minister of state for defence. He was also a member of parliament for the Dangbe-Shai electoral district and later the Ga Rural electoral district. He later represented Ghana in various foreign missions from 1961 to 1969.

Convention People's Party
The Convention People's Party (CPP) is a socialist political party in Ghana based on the ideas of the first President of Ghana, Kwame Nkrumah. The CPP was formed in June 1949 after Nkrumah broke away from the United Gold Coast Convention (UGCC).
2011 NBA Development League draft
The 2011 NBA Development League draft was the 11th of the National Basketball Association Development League (NBDL). The draft was held on November 3, 2011, before the 2011–12 season. In this draft, all 16 of the league's teams took turns selecting eligible players. Jamaal Tinsley was the first overall draft pick by the Los Angeles D-Fenders.

South Bay Lakers
The South Bay Lakers are an American professional basketball team based in El Segundo, California, that competes in the NBA G League. Founded in 2006 as the Los Angeles D-Fenders, the team is owned by the Los Angeles Lakers, who were the first National Basketball Association (NBA) franchise to own a D-League team. The team was renamed for its metro region after the 2016–17 D-League season, when it moved home games from the Toyota Sports Center in El Segundo to the nearby UCLA Health Training Center, a new practice facility for the Los Angeles Lakers.

All games are broadcast in streaming audio from the team's website and on the NBA's Futurecast web channel. On December 21, 2012, the D-Fenders announced a telecast agreement with TWC SportsNet Channel (now Spectrum SportsNet).
Calvi (surname)
Calvi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Michelangelo Calvi, American artist

Alessandro Calvi (born 1983), Italian swimmer

Anna Calvi (born 1980), English musician

Gaetanina Calvi (1887–1964), Italian engineer

Gérard Calvi (1922–2015), French composer

Giorgio Calvi di Bergolo (1887–1977), Italian general

Guido Calvi (1893–1958), Italian middle-distance runner

Jacopo Alessandro Calvi (1740–1815), Italian painter

Laura M. Calvi, American neuroendocrinologist and physician-scientist

Lazzaro Calvi (1512–1587), Italian painter

Mark Calvi (born 1969), American college baseball coach

Mary Calvi (born 1969), American journalist

Paolo Battista Giudice Calvi (1490–1561), 62nd Doge of the Republic of Genoa

Pino Calvi (1930–1989), Italian pianist and composer

Rinaldo di Calvi, Italian Renaissance painter

Roberto Calvi (1920–1982), Italian banker

Yves Calvi (born 1959), French journalist

Laura M. Calvi
Laura Maria Calvi is an American neuroendocrinologist and physician-scientist. She is the SKAWA Foundation Professor in Endocrinology and Metabolism at the University of Rochester. Calvi researches the bone marrow microenvironment and the treatment of patients with pituitary tumors.
2016 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group I – Pool C
Pool C of the 2016 Fed Cup Europe/Africa Zone Group I was one of four pools in the Europe/Africa zone of the 2016 Fed Cup. Four teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top team and the bottom team proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top team played for advancement to the World Group II Play-offs, while the bottom team faced potential relegation to Group II.

2016 Fed Cup
The 2016 Fed Cup was the 54th edition of the most important tournament between national teams in women's tennis. The final took place on 12–13 November and was won by the Czech Republic for the third year in a row, and for the fifth time in six years.
Gerard Rowlinson
Gerard Rowlinson (born 15 August 1941) is a British former swimmer. He competed in the men's 200 metre breaststroke at the 1960 Summer Olympics.

At the ASA National British Championships, he won the 220 yards breaststroke title in 1959 and 1960.

British swimming champions – 200 metres breaststroke winners
The British swimming champions over 200 metres breaststroke, formerly the (Amateur Swimming Association (ASA) National Championships) are listed below. The event was originally contested over 220 yards and then switched to the metric conversion of 200 metres in 1971.

In 1962 Anita Lonsbrough set a world record of 2.52.2 sec in the final.
Internationaler Naturpark Bourtanger Moor-Bargerveen
The Internationaler Naturpark Bourtanger Moor-Bargerveen (engl. Bourtanger Moor-Bargerveen International Nature Park) is a nature reserve in the west of the German state Lower Saxony as well as in the North-East of the Netherlands. Mostly this nature reserve is spread out over the German counties Emsland, Grafschaft Bentheim and the Dutch province Drenthe.
The landscape within the nature park is characterised by big peat areas, heather, small lakes and a very low human population density.
The Bourtanger Moor-Bargerveen International Nature Park was founded on June 1, 2006.

County of Bentheim (district)
County of Bentheim (German: Grafschaft Bentheim) is a district (Landkreis) in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is bounded by (from the west and clockwise) the Dutch provinces of Overijssel and Drenthe, the district of Emsland, and the districts of  Steinfurt and Borken in North Rhine-Westphalia.
Tony Joe White (American football)
Tony Joe White (born July 5, 1973) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Austin College, a position he has held since 2023. He was the head football coach for Birmingham–Southern College from 2017 to 2022. He also coached for Southwest Texas State, Louisiana Tech, Southwest Baptist, Southeast Missouri State, Brownsboro High School, Belhaven, and Centre. He played college football for East Texas State as a quarterback.

Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football
The Louisiana Tech Bulldogs football team represents Louisiana Tech University in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level. After 12 seasons in the Western Athletic Conference, Louisiana Tech began competing as a member of Conference USA in 2013.

Since its first season in 1901, Louisiana Tech has compiled an all-time record of 653 wins, 508 losses, and 37 ties. In 121 football seasons, the Bulldogs have won 3 Division II national championships, won 25 conference championships, and played in 30 postseason games, including 15 major college bowl games. Since 1968, the Bulldogs have played their home games at Joe Aillet Stadium in Ruston, Louisiana. The program's current head coach is Sonny Cumbie.

The Bulldogs will join the Sun Belt Conference as a full member no later than July 1, 2027.
Kollam Mail Express
The Chennai Egmore–Kollam Junction Express (16101/16102), also known as Quilon Mail and Royal Mail, is a daily train that runs between Chennai Egmore and Kollam Junction in India. It is the successor of 106-year-old Quilon Mail (105/106), which ran once upon a time in metre-gauge lines between Madras and Quilon.

Madurai Junction railway station
Madurai Junction railway station (station code: MDU) is an NSG-2 category Indian railway station in Madurai railway division of Southern Railway zone. It serves the city of Madurai, located in Madurai district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
Freideutsche Jugend
The Freideutsche Jugend was an umbrella organisation established in Wilhelmine Germany that set out to create an autonomous youth culture free of adult supervision. It was part of the broader German youth movement, emerging from the Wandervogel.

Youth culture
Youth culture refers to the societal norms of children, adolescents, and young adults. Specifically, it comprises the processes and symbolic systems that are shared by the youth and are distinct from those of adults in the community.

An emphasis on clothes, popular music, sports, vocabulary, and dating typically sets youth apart from other age groups. Within youth culture, there are many constantly changing youth subcultures, which may be divided based on race, ethnicity, economic status, public appearance, or a variety of other factors.
Veliki Okič
Veliki Okič (pronounced [ˈʋeːliki ˈoːkitʃ], German: Großokitsch) is a settlement in the Haloze Hills in eastern Slovenia. It lies close to the border with Croatia in the Municipality of Videm. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included in the Drava Statistical Region.

Drava Statistical Region
The Drava Statistical Region (Slovene: podravska statistična regija) is a statistical region in Slovenia. The largest city in the region is Maribor. The region's name comes from the Drava River and includes land on both banks along its course through Slovenia as well as the Pohorje mountains in the northeast of the region. The Drava is used for the production of hydroelectricity and the fertile land around it is used for agriculture. The share of job vacancies in all available jobs is among the highest in Slovenia and the region has a positive net migration rate but a very high natural decrease, which means an overall decrease in the population.
Iowa Stubborn
"Iowa Stubborn" is a song by Meredith Willson from his 1957 musical The Music Man.  It is the first sung number in the show, following the show's unusual spoken opening, "Rock Island".  The piece is sung in a schottische or "soft-shoe" rhythm. In the lyrics, the reserved and stoic citizens of River City, Iowa seek to persuade a visitor (who turns out to be the musical's protagonist, Professor Harold Hill) to "give Iowa a try." They sing of their "chip-on-the-shoulder attitude we've never been without that we recall. ... And we're so by God stubborn we can stand touchin' noses for a week at a time, and never see eye to eye."

Meredith Willson
Robert Reiniger Meredith Willson (May 18, 1902 – June 15, 1984) was an American flautist, composer, conductor, musical arranger, bandleader, playwright, and writer.

He is perhaps best known for writing the book, music, and lyrics for the 1957 hit Broadway musical The Music Man and "It's Beginning to Look a Lot Like Christmas" (1951).

Willson wrote three other musicals, two of which appeared on Broadway, and composed symphonies and popular songs. He was twice nominated for Academy Awards for film scores.
Siege of Chernihiv
The Siege of Chernihiv was a military engagement in the city of Chernihiv, in Chernihiv Oblast in the north of Ukraine. It began on 24 February 2022, as part of the northern Ukraine offensive, during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. On 4 April 2022, Ukrainian authorities stated that the Russian military had left Chernihiv Oblast.

The city was about 70% destroyed due to the siege.

Mykhailo-Kotsiubynske
Mykhailo-Kotsiubynske (Ukrainian: Михайло-Коцюбинське; Russian: Миха́йло-Коцюби́нское) is a rural settlement in Chernihiv Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, northern Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Mykhailo-Kotsiubynske settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The village is named after the Ukrainian writer Mykhailo Kotsiubynsky. Population: 2,797 (2022 estimate).
Midvale Center station
Midvale Center station is a light rail station in Midvale, Utah, United States, served by the Blue Line of Utah Transit Authority's TRAX light rail system. The Blue Line provides service from Downtown Salt Lake City to Draper.

Downtown Salt Lake City
Downtown (also called City Center) is the oldest district in Salt Lake City, Utah, United States. The grid from which the entire city is laid out originates at Temple Square, the location of the Salt Lake Temple.
2008 Maltese local elections
Local elections were held in Malta on 8 March 2008, the same day of the general election. This year, the election was held in 23 of the 68 Maltese localities. These 23 localities are: Valletta (the capital city), Senglea (Città Invicta), Żebbuġ (Città Rohan), Żejtun (Città Beland), Balzan, Dingli, Fontana, Għajnsielem, Għasri, Iklin, Kirkop, Marsa, Mellieħa, Mqabba, Nadur, Pembroke, Qrendi, San Ġiljan, San Pawl il-Baħar, Santa Venera, Ta' Xbiex, Xewkija and Żurrieq. A separate local election was held on 24 May in Mtarfa, after the previous council was dissolved a monthly earlier. Of the candidates that ran for the Mtarfa May election, in which 3 councillors were elected for the Nationalist Party while 2 councillors were elected for the Malta Labour Party (MLP).

Iklin
Iklin (Maltese: L-Iklin) is a village in the Eastern Region of Malta, with a population of 3,247 as at 2021. Iklin was established in the mid-20th century; however some archaeological sites and a medieval chapel, named as St. Michael Chapel, are proof to earlier settlements. Until recently, the town was considered to form part of the Three villages of Malta, as part of Lija. With the separation of Iklin from Lija, Iklin is no longer part of the three villages. It is bordered by Għargħur, San Ġwann, Birkirkara, Balzan and Naxxar.

Iklin is divided in Lower Iklin siding on the Birkirkara bypass and the Upper Iklin. In Lower Iklin houses are built side by side, in general villas and maisonettes but also recently some apartments. In Upper Iklin land is on a hill close to Naxxar and land is considered more expensive; in general the land consists of villas and farmhouses. The two sides share two common facts, the neighborhoods structural design and the general silence living areas.
Echo and Narcissus
Echo and Narcissus is a myth from Ovid's Metamorphoses, a Roman mythological epic from the Augustan Age. The introduction of the mountain nymph, Echo, into the story of Narcissus, the beautiful youth who rejected Echo and fell in love with his own reflection, appears to have been Ovid's invention. Ovid's version influenced the presentation of the myth in later Western art and literature.

Latin literature
Latin literature includes the essays, histories, poems, plays, and other writings written in the Latin language. The beginning of formal Latin literature dates to 240 BC, when the first stage play in Latin was performed in Rome. Latin literature flourished for the next six centuries. The classical era of Latin literature can be roughly divided into several periods: early Latin literature, the golden age, the imperial period and Late Antiquity.

Latin was the language of the ancient Romans as well as being the lingua franca of Western and Central Europe throughout the Middle Ages. Latin literature features the work of Roman authors, such as Cicero, Virgil, Ovid and Horace, but also includes the work of European writers after the fall of the Empire, from religious writers like Aquinas (1225–1274) to secular writers like Francis Bacon (1561–1626), Baruch Spinoza (1632–1677), and Isaac Newton (1642–1727).
Prodoxus cinereus
Prodoxus cinereus is a moth of the family Prodoxidae. It is found from Los Angeles in the United States south to the border with Mexico. The habitat consists of coastal chaparral and montane dry shrubby grassland.

The wingspan is 9–15 mm.

The larvae feed on Yucca whipplei. They feed primarily in the basal portion of the inflorescence stalk.

Chaparral
Chaparral (/ˌʃæpəˈræl, ˌtʃæp-/ SHAP-ə-RAL, CHAP-) is a shrubland plant community found primarily in California, southern Oregon, and northern Baja California, part of the California floristic province. It is shaped by a Mediterranean climate (mild wet winters and hot dry summers) and infrequent, high-intensity crown fires. Many chaparral shrubs have hard sclerophyllous evergreen leaves, as contrasted with the associated soft-leaved, drought-deciduous, scrub community of coastal sage scrub, found often on drier, southern-facing slopes.

Three other closely related chaparral shrubland systems occur in southern Arizona, western Texas, and along the eastern side of central Mexico's mountain chains, all having summer rains in contrast to the Mediterranean climate of other chaparral formations.
Bohlin
Bohlin is a surname of notable people including:

Adolf Bohlin (1873–1964), Swedish missionary

Allan Bohlin (1907–1959), Swedish film actor

Birger Bohlin (1898–1990), Swedish palaeontologist

Britt Bohlin Olsson (born 1956), Swedish social democratic politician

Ella Bohlin (born 1979), Christian Democratic politician in Sweden

Erik Bohlin (1897–1977), Swedish road racing cyclist

Folke Bohlin (sailor) (1903–1972), Swedish sailor

Folke Bohlin (musicologist) (born 1931), Swedish musicologist

Kjell Bohlin (1928–2011), Norwegian politician

Nils Bohlin (1920–2002), Swedish inventor

Peter Bohlin (born 1937), American architect

Ragnar Bohlin (born 1965), Swedish conductor

Ross Bohlin, former Australian politician

Sinikka Bohlin (born 1947), Swedish social democratic politician

Yoie Bohlin (born 1990), Swedish sportswoman

Folke Bohlin (sailor)
Folke Ivar Reinhold Bohlin (20 March 1903 – 12 June 1972) was a Swedish sailor who competed in the 1948 and 1956 Summer Olympics.

In 1948 he won the silver medal as helmsman of the Swedish boat Slaghöken in the Dragon class event. Eight years later he won the gold medal as helmsman of the Swedish boat Slaghöken II in the Dragon class competition.
St. John's Church, Midnapore
St. John's Church, Midnapore is a church made by the Church Mission Society of England. It was built in 1851 at Sekpura in Midnapore, Paschim Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal. There are several notable graves inside the church cemetery. It is under the Diocese of Durgapur, C. N. I.

Paschim Medinipur district
Paschim Medinipur  (English: West Medinipur, alternative spelling Midnapore) district is one of the districts of the state of West Bengal, India. It was formed on 1 January 2002 after the partition of Midnapore into Paschim Medinipur and Purba Medinipur. On 4 April 2017, the Jhargram subdivision was upgraded to a district. GDP of West Midnapore district is 12 billion USD.
Battle of Ust-Padenga
The Battle of Ust-Padenga, also known as the Defense of Ust-Padenga was a minor battle during the Russian Civil War, fought in Ust-Padenga, located in Arkhangelsk Governorate, 500 miles away from Moscow. It was a part of a larger retreat which occurred in January 1919 during the larger-scale Battle of Shenkursk.

Arkhangelsk Governorate
64°32′N 40°32′E﻿ / ﻿64.533°N 40.533°E﻿ / 64.533; 40.533

Arkhangelsk Governorate (Russian: Архангельская губерния, romanized: Arkhangel'skaya guberniya) was an administrative-territorial unit (guberniya) of the Russian Empire and the Russian SFSR, which existed from 1796 until 1929. Its seat was in Arkhangelsk. The governorate was located in the north of the Russian Empire and bordered Tobolsk Governorate in the east, Vologda Governorate in the south, Olonets Governorate in the southwest, Sweden (later Grand Duchy of Finland and later independent Finland) in the west, and Norway in north-west. In the north, the governorate was limited by the White and Barents Seas.

The area of the governorate is currently split between Arkhangelsk and Murmansk Oblasts, the Komi Republic, the Republic of Karelia, and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug.