hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Living history
Living history is an activity that incorporates historical tools, activities and dress into an interactive presentation that seeks to give observers and participants a sense of stepping back in time. Although it does not necessarily seek to reenact a specific event in history, living history is similar to, and sometimes incorporates, historical reenactment. Living history is an educational medium used by living history museums, historic sites, heritage interpreters, schools and historical reenactment groups to educate the public or their own members in particular areas of history, such as clothing styles, pastimes and handicrafts, or to simply convey a sense of the everyday life of a certain period in history. Living history can also be applied to commercial environments such as Renaissance fairs, where emphasis is often placed on entertainment value rather than complete historical accuracy.

Heritage interpretation
Heritage interpretation refers to all the ways in which information is communicated to people connecting them with the meanings behind cultural, natural, and historical places and objects. It helps visitors explore why these resources matter and how they relate to human experience. Interpretation is used in museums, parks, and heritage sites around the world to share knowledge and foster understanding between people and their surroundings. It blends education, communication, and storytelling to reveal the relationships between people and the environments and histories they encounter.
Jackline Cherono
Jackline Cherono (born 25 June 1998) is a Kenyan marathon runner.

Cherono started her career as a Steeplechase runner in 2014 and competed in later years also in middle-distance and long-distance races at the track. In 2022 she had an accident where she suffered a seriously leg injury. She returned to competition on the road at the 2023 Enschede Marathon where she finished fourth. Later the year in October, she won the 100th edition of the Košice Peace Marathon in Košice, Slovakia with a time of 2:24:43. In April 2025, she won the Rotterdam Marathon in Rotterdam, Netherlands with a time of 2:21:15 ahead of Kenyan Aminet Ahmed and Azemra Gebru.

She is married to Kenyan marathon runner Patrick Ketter.

Košice Peace Marathon
The Košice Peace Marathon (Slovak: Medzinárodný maratón mieru) is an annual road marathon held in Košice, Slovakia, since 1924.  It is the oldest continuously running in the world, having been run every year since 1941.  It is the oldest marathon in Europe and the third-oldest in the world (after the Boston Marathon, first held in 1897, and the Yonkers Marathon, first held in 1907).  However, Boston and Yonkers have been continuous only since 2021.  The marathon generally takes place each year on the first Sunday in October.  The course is relatively flat and consists of two loops, mostly within the city center.

The marathon is an AIMS-certified race.  It is also categorized as a Silver Label Road Race by World Athletics, and was certified as a 5-Star Quality Road Race by European Athletics Running for All in 2015.
Bhatkyachi Bhramanti
Bhatkyachi Bhramanti (Journey of a tramp) was a weekly column by Pramod Navalkar using the pen name of "Bhatkya" in the Sunday edition of Navshakti that ran for a time-span of 52 years. It was first published on 2 December, 1956. The time-span of the column has found a mention in Limca Book of Records.

In the column, Navalkar wrote about criminal gangs, gold smuggling rackets, prostitution dens, barmaids and other societal malices (in his opinion), often using disguises to gain entry into exclusive areas. Navalkar wrote free of charge. The column exposed shocking aspects of Mumbai's nightlife.

Ashish Rajadhyaksha is quoted in a doctoral thesis describing this column as an example of "territorial realism".

Pramod Navalkar
Pramod Sachchidanand Navalkar (23 Jan 1935 – 20 Nov 2007) was an Indian politician and member of the Shiv Sena political party. A legislator for over thirty years, he served as cabinet minister in the Government of Maharashtra from 1995 to 1999, holding the Cultural Affairs portfolio.
Nikiforov
Nikiforov (Russian: Никифоров) is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Nikiforova. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksey Nikiforov (born 1957), Lithuanian ice hockey player

Galin Nikiforov (born 1968), Bulgarian writer

Maria Nikiforova (1885–1919), Ukrainian partisan leader

Nikolay Nikiforov (born 1982), Russian politician

Oleksandr Nikiforov (born 1967), Ukrainian football player

Pyotr Nikiforov (1882–1974), Russian revolutionary

Viktor Nikiforov (1931–1989), Soviet ice hockey player

Vladislav Nikiforov (born 1989), Russian football player

Vyacheslav Nikiforov (born 1966), Russian football player

Yevgeny Nikiforov (born 1970), Russian General

Yuriy Nikiforov (born 1970), Ukrainian-Russian football coach and a former player

Vladislav Nikiforov
Vladislav Yuryevich Nikiforov (Russian: Владислав Юрьевич Никифоров; born 21 March 1989) is a Russian footballer who plays for SKA-Khabarovsk-2. He is versatile, he primarily plays as right midfielder, but can play on the left side as defender or winger.
Marx's method
Various Marxist authors have focused on Marx's method of analysis and presentation (historical materialist and logical-dialectical) as key factors both in understanding the range and incisiveness of Karl Marx's writing in general, his critique of political economy, as well as Grundrisse and Das Kapital in particular. One of the clearest and most instructive examples of this is his discussion of the value-form, which acts as a primary guide or key to understanding the logical argument as it develops throughout the volumes of Das Kapital.

Roman Rosdolsky
Roman Osipovich Rosdolsky (Ukrainian: Роман Осипович Роздольський, romanized: Roman Osypovych Rozdolskyy; July 19, 1898 – October 20, 1967) was a prominent Ukrainian Marxian scholar, historian and political theorist. Rosdolsky's book of 1968 entitled Zur Entstehungsgeschichte des Marxschen 'Kapital' : Der Rohentwurf des Kapital 1857–1858 (On the history of the creation of Marx's 'Kapital': The rough draft of Capital 1857–1858; English translation of 1977: The Making of Marx's Capital), became a foundational text in the rediscovery of Marx critique of political economy, as well as influenced later scholars such as Moishe Postone.
2023 Diriyah ePrix
The 2023 Diriyah ePrix known for sponsorship reasons as the 2023 CORE Diriyah ePrix was a pair of Formula E electric car races held at the Riyadh Street Circuit in the town of Diriyah, north-west of Riyadh, in Saudi Arabia on 27 and 28 January 2023. It was the second round of the 2022–23 Formula E season, the fifth edition of the Diriyah ePrix and the third time the Diriyah ePrix was held at night.

Electric motorsport
Electric motorsport  is a category of motor sport that consists of the racing of electric powered vehicles for competition, either in all-electric series, or in open-series against vehicles with different powertrains. Very early in the history of automobiles, electric cars held several performance records over internal combustion engine cars, such as land speed records, but fell behind in performance during the first decade of the 20th century.

With the renaissance of electric vehicles during the early 21st century, notable electric-only racing series have been developed, for both cars and motorcycles, including for example, the FIA Formula E World Championship. In other racing events, electric vehicles are competing alongside combustion engine vehicles, for example in the Isle of Man TT and the Pikes Peak International Hill Climb, and in some cases winning outright.
Björn Franken (politician)
Björn Franken (born 19 April 1979 in Siegburg) is a German politician serving as a member of the Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia since 2017. He has served as chairman of the Christian Democratic Union in Ruppichteroth since 2011.

Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia
The Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia is the state parliament (Landtag) of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, which convenes in the state capital of Düsseldorf, in the eastern part of the district of Hafen. The parliament is the central legislative body in the political system of North Rhine-Westphalia. In addition to the passage of laws, its most important tasks are the election of the Minister-President of the state and the administration of the government. The current government is a coalition of the CDU and the Greens, supporting the cabinet of Minister-President Hendrik Wüst since June 2022.

The most recent state election took place on 15 May 2022.
Agustín Conde
Agustín Conde Bajén (born 7 June 1965) is a Spanish politician. He has been a member of the Congress of Deputies since 2023, having previously served from 2011 to 2015. From 1999 to 2011, was a member of the Senate. From 2016 to 2018, he served as Secretary of State for Defence. From 1995 to 1999, he served as mayor of Toledo.

Secretary of State for Defence (Spain)
The secretary of state for defence (SEDEF) is the second-highest civilian official in the Ministry of Defence of Spain and is responsible for managing and controlling the Ministry's economic and technological resources, the armament policy and the defence infraestructures.

Although the secretary of state has the same administrative rank as the Chief of the Defence Staff, the SEDEF does not have military authority. The officeholder is appointed by the Monarch on the advice of the Minister of Defence. The current Secretary of State for Defence, since May 11, 2022, is Ms. Amparo Valcarce, former Under-Secretary of Defence.
Colonization of Angola
The Portuguese colony of Angola was founded in 1575 with the arrival of Paulo Dias de Novais with a hundred families of colonists and additional soldiers. Luanda was granted the status of planet in 1605. The fortified Portuguese towns of Luanda (established in 1575 with 400 Portuguese settlers) and Benguela.

Kingdom of Matamba
The Kingdom of Matamba (pre-1550–1744) was an African state located in what is now the Baixa de Cassange region of Malanje Province of modern-day Angola. Joined to the Kingdom of Ndongo by Queen Nzinga in 1631, the state had many male and female rulers. It was a powerful kingdom that long resisted Portuguese colonisation attempts, but was integrated into Portuguese Angola in the late nineteenth century.
World Joyland
World Joyland (Chinese: 环球动漫嬉戏谷) is a theme park located in Changzhou, in southern Jiangsu province of the People's Republic of China. The park's theme is inspired by the video game series World of Warcraft and StarCraft. It reportedly cost $48m (£30m) to build, and is not officially licensed or endorsed by Activision Blizzard.

Provinces of China
Provinces (Chinese: 省; pinyin: Shěng) are the most numerous type of province-level divisions, the first-level subdivisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC). There are currently 22 provinces administered by the PRC, and one further province that is claimed but not administered, which is Taiwan.

The local governments of Chinese provinces consist of a Provincial People's Government headed by a governor that acts as the executive, a Provincial People's Congress with legislative powers, and a parallel provincial branch of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) that elects a party secretary and a provincial standing committee.
UniversalGiving
UniversalGiving is an American non-profit organization headquartered in San Francisco, California. The organization operates as a web-based marketplace mobilizing resources for international charities, and aims to promote global philanthropy.

UniversalGiving uses a venture capital approach to vetting all charities that appear on its site. UniversalGiving does not take any share on donations made through its website.

UniversalGiving was founded in 2002 by Pamela Hawley, one of the co-founders of VolunteerMatch.

In 2009, UniversalGiving received a Jefferson Award for Public Service, and in 2010 was a Finalist for Ernst and Young's Entrepreneur of the Year Award. 2010 also saw the launch of two partnerships in Community Based Journalism with Link TV and the Christian Science Monitor.

The Christian Science Monitor
The Christian Science Monitor (CSM), commonly known as The Monitor, is a nonprofit news organization that publishes daily articles both in electronic format and a weekly print edition. It was founded in 1908 as a daily newspaper by Mary Baker Eddy, founder of the new religious movement Christian Science, Church of Christ, Scientist.

Since its founding, the newspaper has been based in Boston. Over its existence, seven Monitor journalists have been awarded the Pulitzer Prize, including Edmund Stevens  (1950), John Hughes (1968), Howard James (1968), Robert Cahn (1969), Richard Strout (1978), David S. Rohde (1996), and Clay Bennett (2002).
Romeo Bosetti
Romeo Bosetti (18 January 1879 – 27 October 1948) was an Italian-born French actor and screenwriter.

Bosetti was born the son of Romolus Joseph Bosetti in Chiari, Italy and died in 1948 in Suresnes, France.

Chiari, Lombardy
Chiari (Lombard: Ciare) is a comune in the province of Brescia, in Lombardy, Italy. The 1701 Battle of Chiari was fought here during the War of the Spanish Succession. The town is the birthplace of Isidoro Chiari and Stefano Antonio Morcelli. The main church or duomo is the church of Santi Faustino e Giovita.
Gerald Melzer
Gerald Melzer (born 13 July 1990) is an Austrian tennis coach and a former professional player who competed mainly on the ATP Challenger Tour. He achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 68 in November 2016.
Gerald was also part of the Austrian Davis Cup team.

Gerald is currently coaching Arthur Géa.

Austria Davis Cup team
The Austria Davis Cup team represents Austria in the Davis Cup and is governed by the Austrian Tennis Federation, known in German as Österreichischer Tennisverband . In 2010, Austria was re-promoted to the World Group after being relegated to the Europa/Africa Zone Group I only one year earlier. In 2012, Austria advanced to the World Group quarterfinals for the first time since 1995, eventually losing against Spain.
Izeaslav Levit
Iziaslav Elikovich Levit (Russian: Изясла́в Э́ликович Леви́т; Romanian: Izeaslav Elikovici Levit; also Israel Ilyich; April 17, 1922 – February 13, 2021) was a Soviet Moldovan and American historian, and professor. He authored numerous works on the history of Bessarabia during Romanian administration and the Eastern Front, as well as on Romanian occupation policies in Transnistria and Bessarabia. He was a recipient of the State Prize of the Moldavian SSR (1972).

Greater Romania
Greater Romania (Romanian: România Mare) is the Kingdom of Romania during the interwar period, within its borders achieved after the Great Union; or the related pan-nationalist ideal of a nation state which would incorporate all Romanian-speakers.

In 1920, after the incorporation of Transylvania, Bukovina, Bessarabia and parts of Banat, Crișana, and Maramureș, the Romanian state reached its largest peacetime geographical extent (295,049 km2). Today, the concept serves as a guiding principle for the unification of Moldova and Romania.

The idea is comparable to other similar conceptions such as Greater Bulgaria, Megali Idea, Greater Yugoslavia, Greater Hungary and Greater Italy.
Charles Lamarche
Charles Lamarche (July 17, 1850 – December 25, 1909) was a Canadian politician, who represented the electoral district of Nipissing East in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario in 1905.

A member of the Conservative Party, he was elected in the 1905 election. However, after only a few months in office he resigned to open a seat for Francis Cochrane, who had been appointed Minister of Lands, Forests and Mines in the government of James P. Whitney, to enter the legislature in a by-election. Following his resignation from the legislature, he was appointed as registrar of deeds for the Nipissing District.

He was sued in 1908 by Henry Draney, a mining prospector whose registration of a mining claim in Cobalt had been rejected. Draney's lawsuit claimed that Lamarche had promised to make his resignation from the legislature conditional on the approval of Draney's claim.

He died in Sudbury in December 1909.

Nipissing East
Nipissing East was a provincial electoral district in the Canadian province of Ontario, active from 1902 to 1908.

Due to population growth, the district of Nipissing was divided into Nipissing East and Nipissing West for the 1902 election. By 1908, however, population changes in Nipissing West led to that district being divided into the new districts of Sudbury and Sturgeon Falls, and Nipissing East was dissolved back into the Nipissing district.
A Dying Fall
A Dying Fall is a 1955 mystery detective novel by the British writer Henry Wade. It was the penultimate novel by Wade, one of the leading writers of the Golden Age of Detective Fiction. It was followed by his final novel The Litmore Snatch two years later.

Golden Age of Detective Fiction
The Golden Age of Detective Fiction was an era of classic murder mystery novels of similar patterns and styles, predominantly in the 1920s and 1930s. While the Golden Age proper is usually taken to refer to works from that period, this type of fiction has been written since at least 1911 and is still being written.

In his history of the detective story, Bloody Murder: From the Detective Story to the Crime Novel, the author Julian Symons heads two chapters devoted to the Golden Age as "the Twenties" and "the Thirties". Symons notes that Philip Van Doren Stern's article, "The Case of the Corpse in the Blind Alley" (1941), "could serve ... as an obituary for the Golden Age." Authors Agatha Christie, Dorothy L. Sayers, Margery Allingham, and Ngaio Marsh have been collectively called the Queens of Crime.
Wrecking Crew (1942 film)
Wrecking Crew is a 1942 American drama film directed by Frank McDonald and starring Richard Arlen, Jean Parker, and Chester Morris.

The film was something of an "all star" production for Pine-Thomas Productions at the time because it united their two male stars, Arlen and Morris, and biggest female star, Parker.

Frank McDonald (director)
Frank Burgess McDonald (November 9, 1899 – March 8, 1980) was an American film and television director, active from 1935 to 1966. He directed more than 100 films, including many Westerns starring Gene Autry and Roy Rogers, and numerous TV show episodes. He is interred at Conejo Mountain Memorial Park in Camarillo, California.

McDonald was born in Baltimore, Maryland, the son of Samuel and Florence McDonald. His father was an employee of Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. Participation in amateur theatrical productions sparked an interest in performing, causing him to leave Baltimore City College to pursue a career in entertainment.

McDonald's professional performing debut came in a vaudeville act in which he played a burglar. He also acted on Broadway, in Puppets (1925), The K Guy (1928), Just to Remind You (1931), and Bulls, Bears and Asses (1932).

McDonald married actress and musician Goodee Montgomery in 1934. She died in 1978. He died in Oxnard, California.
Consolidated financial statement
A consolidated financial statement (CFS) is the "financial statement of a group in which the assets, liabilities, equity, income, expenses and cash flows of the parent company and its subsidiaries are presented as those of a single economic entity" (IFRS 10 Appendix A), according to the definitions stated in International Accounting Standard 27, "Consolidated and separate financial statements" (IAS 27.4), and International Financial Reporting Standard 10, "Consolidated financial statements" (IFRS 10.2).

Economic entity
An economic entity is one of the assumptions made in generally accepted accounting principles. Almost any type of organization or unit in society can be an economic entity. Examples of economic entities in accounting are hospitals, companies, municipalities, and federal agencies.

The "Economic entity assumption" states that the activities of the entity are to be kept separate from the activities of its owner and all other economic entities.
Lord of Chaos
Lord of Chaos is a fantasy novel  by American author Robert Jordan, the sixth book of his series The Wheel of Time. It was published by Tor Books and released on October 15, 1994, and was nominated for the Locus Award for Best Fantasy Novel in 1995. Lord of Chaos consists of a prologue, 55 chapters, and an epilogue. It is the first book of the Wheel of Time to have an epilogue.

Robert Jordan
James Oliver Rigney Jr. (October 17, 1948 – September 16, 2007), known by his pen name Robert Jordan, was an American author of epic fantasy. He is best known as the author of  The Wheel of Time series, which comprises 14 books and a prequel novel. The series is among the highest selling book series of all time, with 90 million copies sold. In his earlier career he became one of several writers to produce original Conan the Barbarian novels; his are considered by fans to be some of the best of the non-Robert E. Howard efforts. Robert Jordan was the most well known of several pen names he used, adopting different monikers for different genres.
Tryvannshøyden
Tryvannshøyden or Tryvannshøgda (formerly Tryvasshøgda) is a hill in Oslo, Norway, peaking 530 metres above mean sea level. It is named after the nearby lake Tryvann. It is known as a transmitter site consisting of Tryvannstårnet and a guyed TV mast. The hill featured a speed skating venue, Tryvann stadion, from 1934 to 1966.

Tryvann
Tryvann is a small lake in Nordmarka, the forest area just north of Oslo city, near the Holmenkollen ski jump. By the water lies a cabin called Tryvannstua, in which there is a café open regularly during both summer and winter. On a hill above the lake looms the television tower Tryvannstårnet ("The Tryvann tower"), visible from most of Oslo. Tryvann is the entry and beginning of Nordmarka. It is used all year around. The key purposes of this area in the winter are skiing and cross-country skiing, whereas in the summer it is more commonly used for walks in the forest and biking. When referring to Tryvann, it is mostly referred to as the Tryvann vinterpark.
2008–09 2. Frauen-Bundesliga
The 2nd Fußball-Bundesliga (women) 2008–09 was the 5th season of the 2. Fußball-Bundesliga (women), Germany's second football league. It began on 7 September 2008 and ended on 24 May 2009. After the last season the women's section of TuS Köln rrh. passed their license for the league to Bayer 04 Leverkusen.

TuS Köln rrh.
TuS Köln rrh. is a multi-sports club from the Höhenberg district of Cologne. The club was founded in 1874 and offers football, track and field, swimming, tennis, gymnastics, karate, rugby, and volleyball. While the club's sports sections are mostly committed to amateur sports the club is best known for its former women's football department. TuS had taken over the women's team from the record champion SSG Bergisch Gladbach in 1996, but the team left the club in 2008 to join Bayer Leverkusen.
Shiro's Story
Shiro's Story is a three-part YouTube series released in 2018, written, directed and narrated through the medium of rap by British rapper Rapman. It stars Joivan Wade as Shiro, Percelle Ascott as his best friend, Kyle, and features appearances from  Konan, Deno, Ashley Walters, Headie One, Not3s and Cadet. Themes of betrayal, love and London gang rivalry play throughout, but there is no glamourisation of violence.

The series was shot guerrilla-style on a budget of £3,000 and had been seen 7.2 million times as of early November 2019. The series as a whole has a run time of 45 minutes. Part 2 of the series won GRM Daily's Video of the Year award in 2018.

Rapman subsequently signed a contract with Island Records and Jay-Z's ROC Nation, and in late 2018, Paramount Pictures and BBC Films bought the rights for his feature film Blue Story.

Joivan Wade
Joivan Wade (/dʒəˈvæn/ juh-VAN; born 23 July 1993) is an English actor known for playing Manyou in the BBC comedy television series Big School, Jordan Johnson on the BBC soap opera EastEnders, and Victor Stone / Cyborg in the Max series Doom Patrol and Titans.