hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Modernized e-File
Modernized e-File (MeF) is an electronic system for filing tax returns with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) of the United States.

The MeF system describes tax forms in terms of XML and supports web-based filing. Modernized e-File was originally introduced in 2004, exclusively for corporate tax returns. Initially, there was only support for Form 1120 and related forms, but each year additional corporate tax forms were supported.

Beginning with tax year 2009, the IRS will extend the Modernized e-File program to cover the 1040 series of forms for income tax returns filed by individuals. The IRS expects to accept the first MeF-based individual income tax filings in 2010. In the initial phase, MeF for individual returns will support form 1040, schedules A, B, C, D, E, EIC, M, R, SE, as well as the additional forms 1099-R, 2106, 2210, 2441, 4562, 4868, 8283, 8812, 8829, 8863, 8880, 8888, and W-2. XML schemas for Form 1040 MeF are available on the IRS web site.

Tax returns in the United States
Tax returns in the United States are reports filed with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) or with the state or local tax collection agency (California Franchise Tax Board, for example) containing information used to calculate income tax or other taxes. Tax returns are generally prepared using forms prescribed by the IRS or other applicable taxing authority.
Parc floral de Paris
The Parc floral de Paris (French pronunciation: [paʁk flɔʁal də paʁi]) is a public park and botanical garden located within the Bois de Vincennes in the 12th arrondissement of Paris.  Created in 1969, the park remains the legacy of the international horticultural exposition, which was organised under the auspices of the International Association of Horticultural Producers (AIPH) and recognised by the Bureau International des Expositions (BIE). It is one of four botanical gardens in Paris, and is the site of major annual flower shows.  The nearest metro station to the park is Chateau-de-Vincennes.

Bureau International des Expositions
The Bureau International des Expositions (BIE; English: International Exhibitions Bureau) is an intergovernmental organization created to supervise international exhibitions (also known as expos, global expos or world expos) falling under the jurisdiction of the Convention Relating to International Exhibitions.
Battle of Wimpfen
The Battle of Wimpfen took place during the Palatinate campaign period of the Thirty Years' War on 6 May 1622 near Wimpfen.

The combined forces of the Catholic League and the Spanish Empire under Marshal Tilly and Gonzalo de Córdoba defeated the Protestant forces of Georg Friedrich, Margrave of Baden.

Protestant Union
The Protestant Union (German: Protestantische Union), also known as the Evangelical Union, Union of Auhausen, German Union or the Protestant Action Party, was a coalition of Protestant German states. It was formed on 14 May 1608 by Frederick IV, Elector Palatine in order to defend the rights, land and safety of each member. It included both Calvinist and Lutheran states, and dissolved in 1621.
Skandhashramam Temple, Chennai
Chennai Om Sri Skandashramam is a Hindu temple dedicated to the deity Murugan (Swaminatha Swami) in Chennai, India. It is located at Selaiyur, Tambaram, a southern neighbourhood of Chennai. The temple is known of its huge idols of several deities, including Kamala Siddhi Vinayakar, Panchamukha Heramba Ganapathy, Dattatreya, Panchamukha Hanuman, Shaniswara, Ayyapan, goddess Ashtadashabhuja Durga Parameswari, Sarabeswara (form of Shiva), goddess Prathiyankira, goddess Bhuvaneshwari, Swaminathaswamy (chief deity at the temple), Sudarshanachakathalwar, Lakshmi Narasimhar, Maha Sahasralingamurthy (1008 lingams), Nandikeswarar, goddess Annapurani and Chakra Poorna Maha Meru. There is also an idol of Saint Sathguru Santhananda Swamigal, who built the temple.

Heramba
Heramba (Sanskrit: हेरम्ब, Heraṃba), also known as Heramba Ganapati (Heraṃba-gaṇapati), is a five-headed iconographical form of the Hindu god Ganesha (Ganapati). This form is particularly popular in Nepal. This form is important in Tantric worship of Ganesha. He is one of the most popular of the thirty-two forms of Ganesha.
1896 East Kerry by-election
The 1896 East Kerry by-election was held on 27 March 1896 due to the incumbent MP, Michael Davitt of the Irish National Federation also standing in South Mayo and taking that seat so leaving East Kerry vacant.

The Nationalists had split into two factions after the party leader, Charles Stewart Parnell was named as co-respondent in a divorce. James Roche was supported initially by both the Parnellites and the Anti-Parnellites, until it was revealed that he was himself divorced. During the campaign, Roche denied publicly that he knew of the divorce or that he had deserted his wife and children. It was thought Roche lost some support because as a divorced man he was less popular with the Catholic vote. Although he went on to win the seat, the opposing Unionist candidate gained the highest vote ever recorded for a Unionist candidate in Kerry East.

Roche served one term and did not stand in the following general election in 1900.

James Roche, 3rd Baron Fermoy
James Boothby Burke Roche, 3rd Baron Fermoy (28 July 1851 – 30 October 1920), was a Member of Parliament in the British House of Commons, and he held a title in the Peerage of Ireland during the final two months of his life.
1925 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships
The 1925 USA Indoor Track and Field Championships were organized by the Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) and served as the national championships in indoor track and field for the United States.

The men's championships were held at the Jefferson County Armory in Louisville, Kentucky, and they took place February 28. Women's championships were not officially held until 1927.

At the championships, Cecil Coaffee broke the world record for 60 yards in the first semifinal, running 61⁄5 seconds. The men's 2 miles steeplechase was added for the first time. It was also the first time that the pole vault for height was contested (pole vault for distance was staged previously at the championships).

National championship
A national championship(s) is the top achievement for any sport or contest within a league of a particular nation or nation state. The title is usually awarded by contests, ranking systems, stature, ability, etc. This determines the best team, individual (or other entity) in a particular nation and in a particular field. Often, the use of the term cup or championship is just a choice of words.
Gudongkou Dam
The Gudongkou Dam is a concrete-face rock-fill dam on the Xiangxi River, a tributary of the Yangtze River, in Xingshan County of Hubei Province, China. It is located about 64 km (40 mi) north of the Three Gorges Dam. The dam serves to provide for flood control and hydroelectric power generation. Preliminary construction (roads, bridges, foundation) started in 1990 but official construction on the dam and power station began on 1 March 1993. The dam began to impound its reservoir in 1996 and its three generators were commissioned between 1999 and 2000.

Xingshan County
Xingshan County (simplified Chinese: 兴山县; traditional Chinese: 興山縣; pinyin: Xīngshān Xiàn) is a county of western Hubei, People's Republic of China. It is under the administration of Yichang Prefecture-level City.
Maximilian Salzmann
Maximilian Salzmann (9 December 1862, in Vienna – 17 April 1954, in Graz) was an Austrian ophthalmologist.

In 1887 he received his medical doctorate from the University of Vienna, where he later worked as an assistant to Ernst Fuchs at the eye hospital. In 1906 he became an associate professor, then in 1911 was appointed professor of ophthalmology at the University of Graz. In 1918/19 he served as dean to the faculty of medicine.

He is credited for introducing the goniolens into ophthalmology (1914), and is remembered for his pioneer research of the iridocorneal angle, an angle of the anterior chamber of the eye. His name is associated with a corneal disorder known as Salzmann's nodular dystrophy.

Gonioscopy
In ophthalmology, gonioscopy is a routine procedure that measures the angle between the iris and the cornea (the iridocorneal angle), using a goniolens (also known as a gonioscope) together with a slit lamp or operating microscope. Its use is important in diagnosing and monitoring various eye conditions associated with glaucoma.
Survivor's Quest
Survivor's Quest is a novel set in the Star Wars expanded universe, published by Del Rey on February 1, 2004. Written by Timothy Zahn, it is a sequel to Zahn's 1998 Star Wars novel Vision of the Future.

Timothy Zahn
Timothy Zahn (born 1951) is an American writer of science fiction and fantasy. He is known best for his prolific collection of Star Wars books, chiefly the Thrawn trilogy, and has published several other series of sci-fi and fantasy novels of his own original creation, in addition to many works of short fiction.
Zwolle
Zwolle (Dutch: [ˈzʋɔlə] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the Northeastern Netherlands. It is the capital of the province of Overijssel and the province's second-largest municipality, after Enschede, and has a population of 132,441 as of December 2023. Zwolle borders the province of Gelderland and lies on the eastern side of the River IJssel.

Arp Schnitger
Arp Schnitger (2 July 1648 – 28 July 1719 (buried)) was an influential Northern German organ builder. Considered the paramount manufacturer of his time, Schnitger built or rebuilt over 150 organs. He was primarily active in Northern Europe, especially the Netherlands and Germany, where a number of his instruments still survive.
UOP Instruction Number 0015/92
UOP Instruction nr 0015/92 was an internal instruction of Urząd Ochrony Państwa issued in October 1992, which allowed the illegal surveillance and, allegedly, the fomenting of the dissolution of those Polish political parties that were in opposition to the Cabinet of the then Prime Minister Hanna Suchocka or to President Lech Wałęsa.

After the downfall of Jan Olszewski's Government in June 1992, and following the revelation of a list of secret collaborators with the former Communist Służba Bezpieczeństwa by the Minister of Internal Affairs Antoni Macierewicz, it was alleged that UOP began the prosecution and dissolution of Polish conservative and independent rightist parties, that were demanding lustration in Poland.

In 1993, Jarosław Kaczyński described UOP 0015/92 and its implications for domestic surveillance at a press conference.

The UOP was formed as a special operational task force, and included former Communist SB officers. The UOP was led by colonel Jan Lesiak.

Hanna Suchocka
Hanna Stanisława Suchocka (pronounced [ˈxanna suˈxɔt͡ska] ⓘ; born 3 April 1946) is a Polish politician and lawyer who served as Prime Minister of Poland from 8 July 1992 to 26 October 1993 during the presidency of Lech Wałęsa. She is the first woman to hold this post in Poland (preceding Ewa Kopacz and Beata Szydło who both held the post in the 2010s) and was the 14th woman to be appointed and serve as prime minister in the world.

Suchocka currently serves as a professor at Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań and Chair of the Constitutional Law Department. She is also a former First Vice-President and Honorary President of the Venice Commission.
Randwick Petersham Cricket Club
Randwick Petersham Cricket Club, also known as the Randy Petes, competes in the Sydney Grade Cricket competition in Grades 1 to 5, Poidevin Gray (under-21) and AW Green Shield (under-16). It also fields two teams in the Sydney Metropolitan competition.

Established in 2001 following a merger between Randwick Cricket Club and Petersham-Marrickville District CC, the Randy Petes have been highly successful winning two Club Championships (2007/08 and 2010/11) and premierships across Grades 1 to 6. The club have produced many state cricketers, including New South Wales and Cricket Australia XI player Jason Sangha, and Australian Test players Simon Katich, Nathan Hauritz, Usman Khawaja and David Warner, as well as Australian Twenty20 International players Daniel Sams and Nathan Ellis.

In February 2018, Carly Leeson became the first female cricketer to play in a men's grade cricket for Randwick Petersham.

Nathan Ellis
Nathan Trevor Ellis (born 22 September 1994) is an Australian cricketer. He made his international debut for the Australia cricket team in August 2021. He made history when he became the first cricketer to take a hat-trick on his debut in a Twenty20 International (T20I) match.
Thailand's Got Talent season 6
Thailand's Got Talent season 6 (also known as TGT) was the sixth season of the Thailand's Got Talent reality television series on the Channel 3 television network, and part of the global British Got Talent series. It is a talent show that features singers, dancers, sketch artists, comedians and other performers of all ages competing for the advertised top prize of 10,000,000 Baht (approximately $325,000). The show debuted on 12 June 2016. Thailand is also the fifth country in Asia to license Got Talent series. The four judges Chalatit Tantiwut, Patcharasri Benjamad, Kathaleeya McIntosh and Nitipong Hornak join hosts Ketsepsawat Palagawongse na Ayutthaya.

Channel 3 HD (Thailand)
Channel 3 HD (Thai: ช่อง 3 เอชดี; Thai: สถานีโทรทัศน์ไทยทีวีสีช่อง 3, lit. 'Thai Television Color Channel 3') is a Thailand and Bangkok's second commercial free-to-air television network that was launched on 26 March 1970 as Thailand and Bangkok's second commercial television station. Channel 3 is operated by BEC Multimedia Company Limited ("BECM"), a subsidiary of publicly traded company BEC World. The network is headquartered in the Maleenont Tower of Bangkok. Its slogan is คุ้มค่าทุกนาที ดูทีวีสีช่อง 3 ("Worth every minute, watch color television Channel 3").
Lipopolysaccharide kinase (Kdo/WaaP) family
In molecular biology, the lipopolysaccharide kinase (Kdo/WaaP) family is a family of lipopolysaccharide kinases that includes lipopolysaccharide core heptose(I) kinase rfaP (encoded by the waaP (rfaP) gene). Lipopolysaccharide core heptose(I) kinase rfaP is required for the addition of phosphate to O-4 of the first heptose residue of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inner core region. It has previously been shown that it is necessary for resistance to hydrophobic and polycationic antimicrobials in E. coli and that it is required for virulence in invasive strains of Salmonella enterica. The family also includes 3-deoxy-D-manno-octulosonic acid kinase (KDO kinase) from Haemophilus influenzae, which phosphorylates Kdo-lipid IV(A), a lipopolysaccharide precursor, and is involved in virulence.

Heptose
A heptose is a monosaccharide with seven carbon atoms.

They have either an aldehyde functional group in position 1 (aldoheptoses)  or a ketone functional group in position 2, 3 or 4 (ketoheptoses). Ketoheptoses have 4 chiral centers, whereas aldoheptoses have 5.
Rapperswil–Pfäffikon railway
The Rapperswil–Pfäffikon railway (also known as the Zürichsee-Gotthardbahn, lit. 'Lake Zürich-Gotthard Railway'; ZGB) is a 3.51 km (2.18 mi) long, mostly single-tracked standard-gauge railway line connecting Pfäffikon in the Swiss canton of Schwyz with Rapperswil in the canton of St. Gallen, crossing Lake Zürich using the Hurden peninsula and Seedamm causeway.

Canton of St. Gallen
The canton of St. Gallen or St Gall (German: Kanton St. Gallen [zaŋkt ˈɡalən] ⓘ; Romansh: Chantun Son Gagl; French: Canton de Saint-Gall; Italian: Canton San Gallo) is a canton of Switzerland. Its capital is St. Gallen.

Located in northeastern Switzerland, the canton has an area of 2,026 km2 (782 sq mi) (5% of Switzerland) and a resident population close to half a million as of 2015 (6% of Switzerland). It was formed in 1803 as a conflation of the city of St. Gallen, the territories of the Abbey of St. Gall and various former subject territories of the Old Swiss Confederacy.
Gade (surname)
Gade is a famous surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexandra Gade (born 1974), nuclear physicist

Fredrik Georg Gade (businessman) (1830–1905), Norwegian businessman

Fredrik Georg Gade (1855–1933), Norwegian physician

Fredrik Herman Gade (1871–1943), Norwegian diplomat

Herman Gerhard Gade (1870–1953), Norwegian physician

John Allyne Gade (1875–1955), American architect, naval officer, diplomat and author

Ludvig Gade (1823–1897), Danish dancer and mime

Niels Wilhelm Gade (1817–1890), Danish composer and musician

Jacob Gade (1879–1963), Danish violinist and composer of Tango Jalousie

Peter Gade (born 1976), Danish badminton player

Per Gade (born 1977), Danish footballer

Mary Gade, director of the Illinois Environmental Protection Agency from 1991 to 1999, and plaintiff in Gade v. National Solid Wastes Mgt. Ass'n

Per Gade
Per Gade (born 24 August 1977) is a Danish former football player, who played as a defender. His preferred field position is as a right defender. He started his career with youth football in Nibe Boldklub, before he joined the Superliga team Aalborg BK, but never broke into the first team due to injuries. He moved to lower-league team FC Nordjylland in 2000, and when the club went bankrupt, he joined AC Horsens in the summer of 2004.
Cuevas de Taulabé
Taulabé Caves are part of a natural cave system that spreads throughout the municipality of Taulabé, in the Honduran department of Comayagua.

The speleafer (a geologic formation with significant cave development) in Honduras is a limestone vault of Cenomanian age (earliest Late Cretaceous) named the Jaitique Formation (“high-TEE-kay”). It is very similar in outcrop appearance to the Atima limestone (generally consisting of thick-bedded grey micrite), but it does not achieve the thicknesses common to the Atima, probably never exceeding 250 metres (820 ft) thickness, more commonly around 100 meters. The only partially mapped caves extends at least 921 meters.

Atima
Atima is a municipality in the Honduran department of Santa Bárbara. In 2018 it had a population of 11,976. As of 2020 its mayor is Roger Gabriel Leiva Gonzales.

In 2021, two workers were stabbed fatally in the village of Berlín.
Iboguhé
Iboguhé is a town in western Ivory Coast. It is a sub-prefecture of Issia Department in Haut-Sassandra Region, Sassandra-Marahoué District.

Iboguhé was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

In 2014, the population of the sub-prefecture of Iboguhé was 41,768.

Haut-Sassandra
Haut-Sassandra Region is one of the 31 regions of Ivory Coast and is one of two regions in Sassandra-Marahoué District. The region's seat is Daloa. The region's area is 15,190 km², and its population in the 2021 census was 1,739,697, making it the most populous region of Ivory Coast.
Padise
Padise (German: Padis) is a village in Lääne-Harju Parish, Harju County in northern Estonia.

Padise is the birthplace of Estonian poet and author Arved Viirlaid (1922–2015).

Padise is a place for Padise equestrian centre (Estonian: Padise ratsakeskus).

Harju County
Harju County (Estonian: Harju maakond or Harjumaa) is one of the fifteen counties of Estonia. It is located in northern Estonia, on the southern coast of the Gulf of Finland, and it borders Lääne-Viru County to the east, Järva County to the southeast, Rapla County to the south, and Lääne County to the southwest. The capital and largest city of Estonia, Tallinn, is located in Harju County. Harju is the largest county in Estonia in terms of population, as almost half (45%) of Estonia's population lives in Harju County.
Tokugawa Iesada
Tokugawa Iesada (徳川 家定; 6 May 1824 – 14 August 1858) was the 13th shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan. He held office for five years from 1853 to 1858. He was physically weak and was therefore considered by later historians to have been unfit to be shōgun. His reign marks the beginning of the Bakumatsu period.

Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–Japan)
The Treaty of Amity and Commerce between Japan and the United States (日米修好通商条約, Nichibei Shūkō Tsūshō Jōyaku), also called the Harris Treaty was a treaty signed between the United States and Tokugawa Shogunate, which opened the ports of Kanagawa and four other Japanese cities to trade and granted extraterritoriality to foreigners, among a number of trading stipulations. It was signed on the deck of the USS Powhatan in Edo (now Tokyo) Bay on July 29, 1858.
Cornmarket Street
Cornmarket Street (colloquially referred to as Cornmarket or historically The Corn) is a major shopping street and pedestrian precinct in Oxford, England, which runs north to south between Magdalen Street and Carfax Tower.

To the east is the Golden Cross arcade of small jewellery and craft shops in a courtyard, leading to the Covered Market. To the west is the indoor Clarendon Shopping Centre that connects in an L-shape to Queen Street.

Cornmarket was semi-pedestrianised and made a limited-access street in 1999. Cycling is allowed 6pm to 10am. In 2002, it was voted Britain's second worst street in a poll of listeners to the Today programme. The rating was largely due to a failed attempt to repave the street in 2001. The granite setts, which had been laid extensively, cracked and the contractor went into liquidation. In 2003, it was repaved again and new benches installed, amidst reports of budgetary problems.

Today (BBC Radio 4)
Today, colloquially known as the Today programme, is BBC Radio 4's long-running morning news and current-affairs radio programme. Broadcast on Monday to Saturday from 06:00 to 09:00 (starting on Saturday at 07:00), it is produced by BBC News and is the highest-rated programme on Radio 4 and one of the BBC's most popular programmes across its radio networks. In-depth political interviews and reports are interspersed with regular news bulletins, as well as Thought for the Day. It has been voted the most influential news programme in Britain in setting the political agenda, with an average weekly listening audience around 6 million.
Ulrich Petersen
Ulrich Petersen (1 December 1927 – 17 November 2017) was a Peruvian-born American geologist of German descent.

He was born in Negritos, Peru to Georg Petersen and Harriet Bluhme on 1 December 1927. Petersen earned a degree in mining engineering from the National University of Engineers and started work at the Peruvian Geological Survey and the National Institute for Mining Research and Sponsorship. While working for the Cerro de Pasco Corporation, Petersen earned a master's and doctoral degree from Harvard University. Upon completing his doctorate, Peterson taught at Harvard and later became the Harry C. Dudley Professor of Economic Geology. Petersen died at home in Belmont, Massachusetts on 17 November 2017, aged 89.

Belmont, Massachusetts
Belmont is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is a western suburb of Boston and is part of the Greater Boston metropolitan area. As of the 2020 U.S. census, its population was 27,295, an increase of 10.4% from 2010.
Janice M. Bodine
Janice M. Bodine (August 29, 1937 – April 13, 2005) was an American Republican politician from Evanston, Wyoming. She represented the Uinta district in the Wyoming House of Representatives from 1991 to 1992.

Bodie was born Janice M. Bills in Rifle, Colorado on August 29, 1937.

Bodine died in Evanston on April 13, 2005, at the age of 67.

Wyoming House of Representatives
The Wyoming House of Representatives is the lower house of the Wyoming State Legislature. There are 62 Representatives in the House, representing an equal number of single-member constituent districts across the state, each with a population of at least 9,000. The House convenes at the Wyoming State Capitol in Cheyenne.

Members of the House serve two year terms without term limits. Term limits were declared unconstitutional by the Wyoming Supreme Court in 2004, overturning a decade-old law that had restricted Representatives to six terms (twelve years).

The current Speaker of the House is Chip Neiman.