hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cuvierian Society of Cork
The Cuvierian Society of Cork was founded as a committee of the Royal Cork Institution in October 1835.  The meetings were held on the first Wednesday of the Autumn and Winter months in the Library of the Royal Cork Institution.  The Society was named after the noted French naturalist and zoologist, Georges Cuvier.  In its early years, it concentrated on the natural sciences but by the mid 19th century, it had evolved to be mainly archaeological.

In 1845, The society published the "Contributions towards a fauna and Flora of the County of Cork" of which the authors were J.R Harvey, J.D. Humphreys and T. Power. This was prepared for the meeting of the British Association held in Cork in 1843. The book contains a list of the officers of the Society for 1845. An occasional meeting is reported in the Natural History Review (1 229, 2 6).

British Science Association
The British Science Association (BSA) is a charity and learned society founded in 1831 to aid in the promotion and development of science. Until 2009 it was known as the British Association for the Advancement of Science (BA). The current Chief Executive is Hannah Russell. The BSA's mission is to get more people engaged in the field of science by coordinating, delivering, and overseeing different projects that are suited to achieve these goals. The BSA "envisions a society in which a diverse group of people can learn and apply the sciences in which they learn." and is managed by a professional staff located at their Head Office in the Wellcome Wolfson Building. The BSA offers a wide variety of activities and events that both recognise and encourage people to be involved in science. These include the British Science Festival, British Science Week, the CREST Awards, For Thought, The Ideas Fund, along with regional and local events.
Arnor Njøs
Arnor Njøs (21 June 1930 – 1 May 2019) was a Norwegian soil scientist.

He was born in Leinstrand Municipality. He graduated from the Norwegian College of Agriculture in 1955, and took the M.Sc. degree at the University of Illinois in 1961. He was a professor at the Norwegian College of Agriculture from 1979 to 1989, serving as rector from 1984 to 1989, and headed the Norwegian Centre for Soil and Environmental Research from 1990 to 1995.

He was decorated as a Knight, First Class of the Order of St. Olav in 1997. In 1998 an honorary degree at the Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences was bestowed upon him. He died in 2019.

Bioforsk
Norwegian Institute for Agricultural and Environmental Research (Bioforsk) was a national Norwegian R&D institute specialising in the fields of agriculture and food production, environmental protection and natural resource management. In 2015, it became part of the merger that resulted in the Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research (NIBIO).
Prée-d'Anjou
Prée-d'Anjou (French pronunciation: [pʁe dɑ̃ʒu]) is a commune in the department of Mayenne, western France. The municipality was established on 1 January 2018 by merger of the former communes of Laigné (the seat) and Ampoigné.

Mayenne
Mayenne (French: [majɛn] ⓘ) is a landlocked department in northwest France named after the river Mayenne. Mayenne is part of the administrative region of Pays de la Loire and is surrounded by the departments of Manche, Orne, Sarthe, Maine-et-Loire, and Ille-et-Vilaine.

Mayenne is one of the original 83 departments created during the French Revolution on 4 March 1790. The northern two thirds correspond to the western part of the former province of Maine. The southern third of Mayenne corresponds to the northern portion of the old province of Anjou. The inhabitants of the department are called Mayennais. It had a population of 307,062 in 2019.
Student Loans Company
Student Loans Company Limited (SLC) is an executive non-departmental public body company in the United Kingdom that provides student loans. It is owned by the UK Government's Department for Education (85%), the Scottish Government (5%), the Welsh Government (5%) and the Northern Ireland Executive (5%). The SLC is funded entirely by the UK taxpayer. It is responsible for both providing loans to students, and collecting loan repayments alongside HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC). The SLC's head office is in Glasgow, with other offices in Darlington and Llandudno.

Peter Lauener has been the organisation's non-executive chair since April 2020. Chris Larmer was appointed CEO in October 2022, prior to this he was the Executive Director of Operations.

Non-departmental public body
In the United Kingdom, non-departmental public body (NDPB) is a classification applied by the Cabinet Office, Treasury, the Scottish Government, and the Northern Ireland Executive to public sector organisations that have a role in the process of national government but are not part of a government department. NDPBs carry out their work largely independently from ministers and are accountable to the public through Parliament; however, ministers are responsible for the independence, effectiveness, and efficiency of non-departmental public bodies in their portfolio.

The term includes the four types of NDPB (executive, advisory, tribunal, and independent monitoring boards) but excludes public corporations and public broadcasters (BBC, Channel 4, and S4C).
Mike Schmid (politician)
Michael (Mike) Schmid is an American politician. He serves as a Republican member for the 20th district in the Wyoming House of Representatives since 2025.

He previously worked in the oil industry in La Barge and is aligned with the Freedom Caucus. He also worked for the Wyoming Game and Fish Department.

Wyoming Republican Party
The Wyoming Republican Party is the affiliate of the Republican Party in Wyoming. It is currently the dominant party in the state, and is one of the strongest affiliates of the national Republican Party. The party currently controls Wyoming's at-large U.S. House seat, both U.S. Senate seats, the governorship, and has nearly unanimous positions in both houses of the state legislature.

In 2021, the Wyoming Republican Party voted to stop recognizing Liz Cheney as a Republican. Cheney had criticized former president Donald Trump for attempting to overturn the 2020 election results after he lost the election and inciting a pro-Trump mob to assault the U.S. Capitol. In 2022, the Wyoming Republican Party supported a primary challenger against Cheney.
Collège Mariste Champville
The Collège Mariste Champville (commonly known as "Champville") is a private Marist Roman Catholic and French-language educational institution set in Dik El Mehdi, Matn District, Lebanon. Champville is one of the two remaining Marist schools in Lebanon, the other being the Collège Mariste Notre Dame de Lourdes in Byblos.

The school was named after Saint Marcellin Champagnat, the French founder of the congregation of the Marist Brothers. The name "Champville" is derived from the French phrase "la ville de Champagnat," which translates to "the city of Champagnat."

Matn District
Matn (Arabic: قضاء المتن, Qaḍāʾ al-Matn), sometimes spelled Metn (or preceded by the article El, as in El Matn), is a district (qadaa) in the Mount Lebanon Governorate of Lebanon, east of the Lebanon's capital Beirut. The district capital is Jdeideh (followed to Jdeideh, Bouchrieh, El Sedd Municipality).

Matn is one of the most popular areas in Lebanon, with its rich scenery and its splendid view of the Mediterranean. Matn's population is almost entirely Christian with some Druze in the region, mostly in Beit Mery, Broummana, Mtein and Zarooun.

The Matn district is also popularly known as Northern Matn District (قضاء المتن الشمالي Qaḍāʾ al-Matn aš-Šamāliyy) not to be confused with Southern Matn (المتن الجنوبي al-Matn al-Janūbī) which is part of Baabda District and with Uppermost Matn (المتن الأعلى al-Matn al-ʾAʿlā) which is part of Baabda District.
HD 34445 b
HD 34445 b is an extrasolar planet which orbits the G-type star HD 34445, located approximately 150.5 light years away in the constellation Orion. This planet was discovered in 2004 and finally confirmed in 2009. This planet has a minimum mass two-thirds that of Jupiter and orbits in a roughly circular orbit about 2 AU from the parent star, within the habitable zone.

Minimum mass
In astronomy, minimum mass is the lower-bound calculated mass of observed objects such as planets, stars, binary systems, nebulae, and black holes.

Minimum mass is a widely cited statistic for extrasolar planets detected by the radial velocity method or Doppler spectroscopy, and is determined using the binary mass function. This method reveals planets by measuring changes in the movement of stars in the line-of-sight, so the real orbital inclinations and true masses of the planets are generally unknown.  This is a result of sin i degeneracy.

If inclination i can be determined, the true mass can be obtained from the calculated minimum mass using the following relationship:
Lancaster and Chester Railroad
The Lancaster and Chester Railroad or L&C (reporting mark LC) is a railway headquartered in Lancaster, South Carolina. The original 29-mile (47 km) route connects Lancaster in Lancaster County with Chester in Chester County. The line's nickname is The Springmaid Line, which refers to its original purpose of connecting the plants of the Springs Mills company. It is owned by Gulf and Ohio Railways.

3 ft gauge railways
Three foot gauge railways have a track gauge of 3 ft (914 mm) or 1 yard. This gauge is a narrow gauge and is generally found throughout North, Central, and South America. In Ireland, many secondary and industrial lines were built to 3 ft gauge, and it is the dominant gauge on the Isle of Man, where it is known as the Manx Standard Gauge. Modern 3 ft gauge railways are most commonly found in isolated mountainous areas, on small islands, or in large-scale amusement parks and theme parks (see table below). This gauge is also popular in model railroading (particularly in G scale), and model prototypes of these railways have been made by several model train brands around the world, such as Accucraft Trains (US), Aristo-Craft Trains (US), Bachmann Industries (Hong Kong), Delton Locomotive Works (US), LGB (Germany), and PIKO (Germany).
Lego Hidden Side
Lego Hidden Side (stylized as LEGO Hidden Side) is a discontinued Lego theme that was first introduced in August 2019. It took place in the fictional city of "Newbury" and linked Lego playsets to an app of the same name (for iOS and Android), which was used to hunt, capture and collect ghosts via augmented reality. The series came on the market in 2019 and, after the discontinued Lego Dimensions and Nexo Knights series, represented another attempt by The Lego Group to link digital and real game worlds. It was accompanied by the Lego Hidden Side webisode series and a television special, which was released on the Lego YouTube channel, and on Cartoon Network. The product line was discontinued by the end of 2020.

Wally Wingert
Wallace Wingert is an American voice actor and former DJ. His roles include Almighty Tallest Red in Invader Zim, Renji Abarai in Bleach, Psycho Blue in Power Rangers In Space, Kotetsu T. Kaburagi / Wild Tiger in Tiger & Bunny, the Riddler in the Batman: Arkham series, Jon Arbuckle in The Garfield Show, Cubot in Sonic the Hedgehog, and the mascot of H. H. Gregg.
Neeraj Sharma
Neeraj Sharma (born 25 September 1970) is an Indian politician from Haryana. He was an MLA from Faridabad NIT Assembly constituency in Faridabad district. He won the 2019 Haryana Legislative Assembly election representing the Indian National Congress.

2019 Haryana Legislative Assembly election
Legislative Assembly election was held in the Indian state of Haryana on 21 October 2019 to elect all 90 members of the Haryana Legislative Assembly. The final voter turnout was recorded at 68.20%. The results were announced on 24 October 2019.

The Bharatiya Janata Party emerged as the single largest party and formed the government in a post-poll alliance with the Jannayak Janta Party and seven Independent MLAs. BJP's Manohar Lal Khattar and JJP President Dushyant Chautala were sworn in as Chief Minister and Deputy Chief Minister respectively of the BJP-JJP alliance government.

In the previous election in 2014, the Bharatiya Janata Party had won a majority and ended the 10-year rule of the Congress government in the state and Manohar Lal Khattar became the Chief Minister.
Here to Stay (The Slickee Boys album)
Here to Stay compiles all five Slickee Boys 7"s from 1976–1981 (plus one previously unreleased song—"Kids"). It was released by the German label Line Records with a catalog number of LLP 5170.
It includes cover versions of songs originally recorded by Perry Como (by way of the Downliners Sect), the Rokes (and the Grass Roots—the Slickees combined the two versions), Vince Taylor, the Yardbirds, the Hangmen, The Chocolate Watch Band, as well as the theme from the film Exodus. According to the liner notes for Mersey, Mersey Me, Talking Heads had dropped the song "Girls Want to Be With the Girls" from their repertoire but re-visited it after hearing the Slickees' version, which beat the Talking Heads version to vinyl by months.

Some of these songs were later re-recorded for their 1985 album, Uh Oh… No Breaks! (including "Kids", re-titled "When We Were Kids").

The Rokes
The Rokes were a pop rock band formed in 1963 in Italy by English expatriates. Their most successful songs included "Piangi con me", the original version of "Let's Live for Today", a US hit when covered by The Grass Roots; and "Che colpa abbiamo noi", an Italian-language version of "Cheryl's Going Home" by Bob Lind.
Shitsuren, Arigatō
"Shitsuren, Arigatō" (失恋、ありがとう; "Thank you, for Heartbreak") is the 57th single by Japanese idol group AKB48. It was released in Japan by King Records on March 18, 2020, in four versions. It debuted at number one on the Oricon Singles Chart and Billboard Japan Hot 100, with over 1.4 million copies sold in its first week, making them the first girl group to surpass one million copies in its first week that year. The center for the main track is Mizuki Yamauchi. This single also serves as the last single and senbatsu for long time member Minami Minegishi.

HKT48
HKT48 (read "H.K.T. Forty-eight") is a Japanese idol group produced by Yasushi Akimoto. HKT48 is named after the Hakata-ku ward of Fukuoka, where Akimoto originally intended to base the group. The group currently performs at City Bank HKT48 Theater in Fukuoka and has sold nearly 4 million copies of CDs in Japan.
Onomeris
Onomeris is a genus of pill millipede found in the eastern United States. First described by Orator F. Cook in 1896, Onomeris was first posited as the type genus of a new family called Onomeridae, but this was later rejected due to similarities between Onomeris and the European genus Glomeris, another Glomeridae genus.

Pill millipede
Pill millipedes are any members of two living (and one extinct) orders of millipedes, often grouped together into a single superorder, Oniscomorpha. The name Oniscomorpha refers to the millipedes' resemblance to certain woodlice (Oniscidea), also called pillbugs or roly-polies. However, millipedes and woodlice are not closely related (belonging to the subphyla Myriapoda and Crustacea, respectively); rather, this is a case of convergent evolution.
Charpy impact test
In materials science, the Charpy impact test, also known as the Charpy V-notch test, is a standardized high strain rate test which determines the amount of energy absorbed by a material during fracture. Absorbed energy is a measure of the material's notch toughness. It is widely used in industry, since it is easy to prepare and conduct and results can be obtained quickly and cheaply. A disadvantage is that some results are only comparative. The test was pivotal in understanding the fracture problems of ships during World War II.

The test was developed around 1900 by S. B. Russell (1898, American) and Georges Charpy (1901, French). The test became known as the Charpy test in the early 1900s due to the technical contributions and standardization efforts by Charpy.

ASTM International
ASTM International, formerly known as American Society for Testing and Materials, is a standards organization that develops and publishes voluntary consensus technical international standards for a wide range of materials, products, systems and services. Some 12,575 apply globally. The headquarters is in West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, about 5 mi (8.0 km) northwest of Philadelphia. It was founded in 1902 as the American Section of the International Association for Testing Materials.

In addition to its traditional standards work, ASTM operates several global initiatives advancing additive manufacturing, advanced manufacturing, and emerging technologies, including the Additive Manufacturing Center of Excellence (AM CoE), the acquisition of Wohlers Associates for market intelligence and advisory services, and the NIST-funded Standardization Center of Excellence (SCOE).
2023 heat waves
A number of heat waves began across parts of the northern hemisphere in April 2023. Various heat records have been broken, with July being the hottest month ever recorded.

Scientists have attributed the heat waves to man-made climate change. Another cause is the El Niño phenomena which began to develop in 2023. 
However, recent findings show that climate change is exacerbating the strength of El Niño.

The heatwaves caused severe damage in areas such as the western United States, southern Europe, and parts of Asia. 
The abnormal temperatures have led to a "very extreme" likelihood of wildfires, according to the Fire Weather Index.

The heatwaves were also occurring alongside some unusually heavy flooding (i.e. the 2023 European floods).

In response to the heatwave some leaders called for greater action to stop climate change. US President Joe Biden took some measures to protect the population from extreme heat.

Extreme event attribution
In general, extreme event attribution, also known as attribution science, evaluates relative contributions of multiple causes of an event, and assigns statistical confidence to that evaluation. Most often, the term is applied to the science of identifying and quantifying the role that human-caused climate change plays in the frequency, intensity, duration, and impacts of individual extreme weather events. Attribution science aims to determine the degree to which such events can be explained by or linked to human-caused global warming, and are not simply due to random climate variability or natural weather patterns.
Robyn Creswell
Robyn Creswell is an American critic, scholar and translator.

He graduated from Brown University in 1999 and gained a doctorate in comparative literature from New York University in 2011. In addition to teaching comparative literature at Brown University, he also serves as poetry editor of the Paris Review. Creswell's specialization is contemporary Arabic literature.

He has translated several literary works from the Middle East, including That Smell and Notes from Prison by Sonallah Ibrahim and The Clash of Images by Abdelfattah Kilito, and has written numerous essays for various literary periodicals. A revised version of his thesis Tradition and Translation: Poetic Modernism in Beirut (2012) was published by Princeton University Press as City of Beginnings: Poetic Modernism in Beirut (2019).

Creswell won the 2013 Roger Shattuck Prize for Criticism, awarded by the Center for Fiction.

The Paris Review
The Paris Review is a quarterly English-language literary magazine established in Paris in 1953 by Harold L. Humes, Peter Matthiessen, and George Plimpton.

The Review's "Writers at Work" series includes interviews with Ezra Pound, Ernest Hemingway, T. S. Eliot, Jorge Luis Borges, Ralph Ellison, William Faulkner, Thornton Wilder, Robert Frost, Pablo Neruda, William Carlos Williams, and Vladimir Nabokov, among hundreds of others. Literary critic Joe David Bellamy wrote that the series was "one of the single most persistent acts of cultural conservation in the history of the world."

The headquarters of The Paris Review moved from Paris to New York City in 1973. Plimpton edited the Review from its founding until his death in 2003.
Order to cash
Order to cash (O2C) refers to one of the top-level (context level) business processes for receiving and processing customer orders and revenue recognition. Order to cash is an essential function in finance; the entire cycle of events happens after a customer places an order until the customer pays for the order; that is, the order is converted to cash.

Business process
A business process, business method, or business function is a collection of related, structured activities or tasks performed by people or equipment in which a specific sequence produces a service or product (that serves a particular business goal) for a particular customer or customers. Business processes occur at all organizational levels and may or may not be visible to the customers. A business process may often be visualized (modeled) as a flowchart of a sequence of activities with interleaving decision points or as a process matrix of a sequence of activities with relevance rules based on data in the process. The benefits of using business processes include improved customer satisfaction and improved agility for reacting to rapid market change. Process-oriented organizations break down the barriers of structural departments and try to avoid functional silos.
Anastasia Chaun
Anastasia Eduardovna Chaun (Russian: Анастасия Эдуардовна Чаун) (born 11 September 1988) is a Russian swimmer. In 2010, she won the 200 metres breaststroke at the 2010 European Aquatics Championships and the 2010 European Short Course Swimming Championships.

2010 European Short Course Swimming Championships
The 2010 European Short Course Swimming Championships was held 25–28 November 2010 at Pieter van den Hoogenband Zwemstadion in Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet featured competition amongst national teams from Europe, in 38 short course (25m) swimming events.

The competition featured a preliminary/semifinals/final format for the 50 and 100 events, a timed-final format (swimmers swim only once) in the 800/1500 freestyles, and prelims/final for all other events. Preliminary heats were swum in morning sessions; Semifinals and Finals in evening sessions.

Each nation was permitted to enter three swimmers into each individual event; with a maximum of 2 eligible to advance on to Semifinals/Finals.
Margecany
Margecany (Hungarian: Margitfalva, German: Margareten) is a village and municipality in the Gelnica District in the Košice Region of eastern Slovakia. Total municipality population was, in 2011, 1964 inhabitants. Margecany is a very important railway junction situated on the main railway corridor (Košice–Bohumín Railway) connecting Košice with Žilina and Bratislava. Ružín reservoir regulates rivers Hornád and Hnilec. Technical attraction is the Bujanov tunnel.

Žilina
Žilina (Slovak: [ˈʒilina] ⓘ; Hungarian: Zsolna [ˈʒolnɒ]; German: Sillein [zɪˈlaɪn, ˈzɪlaɪn]; Polish: Żylina [ʐɨˈlina] ⓘ; names in other languages) is a city in north-western Slovakia, around 170 kilometres (110 mi) from the capital Bratislava, close to both the Czech and Polish borders. It is the fourth largest city of Slovakia with a population of approximately 80,000, an important industrial center, the largest city on the Váh river, and the seat of a kraj (Žilina Region) and of an okres (Žilina District). It belongs to the Upper Váh region of tourism.