hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Daniel Cresswell
Daniel Cresswell D.D. (1776 – 21 March 1844), was a British clergyman and mathematician.

He was son of Daniel Cresswell, a native of Crowden-le-Booth, in Edale, Derbyshire, who lived for many years at Newton, near Wakefield, Yorkshire. He was born at Wakefield in 1776 and educated in the grammar school there and at Hull. He proceeded to Trinity College, Cambridge, of which he became a fellow (B.A. 1797, M.A. 1800, D.D. per literas regia, 1823). At the university, where he resided many years, he took private pupils.

In December 1822 he was presented to the vicarage of Enfield, one of the most valuable livings in the gift of his college, and in the following year he was appointed a justice of the peace for Middlesex and elected a Fellow of the Royal Society. He died at Enfield on 21 March 1844.

Edale
Edale /ˈiːdeɪl/ is a village and civil parish in the Peak District, Derbyshire, England, whose population was 353 at the 2011 Census. Edale, with an
area of 7,030 acres (2,840 ha),
is in the Borough of High Peak.

Edale is best known to walkers as the start, or southern end, of the Pennine Way and, to less ambitious walkers, as a starting point for evening or day walks. The village is accessible by generally hourly railway services from Sheffield and Manchester. There are two pubs serving real ale and food.
D. F. Malan
Daniël François Malan PC  (Afrikaans pronunciation: [ˈdɑːni.əl franˈsʋɑː mɑːˈlan]; 22 May 1874 – 7 February 1959) was a South African politician who served as the fourth prime minister of South Africa from 1948 to 1954. The National Party implemented the system of apartheid, which enforced racial segregation laws, during his tenure as prime minister.

United Party (South Africa)
The United National South African Party (Afrikaans: Verenigde Suid-Afrikaanse Nasionale Party) commonly the United Party (UP) (Afrikaans: Verenigde Party, VP) was a South African political party that was the ruling party from its formation in 1934 until 1948. Formed from the parties of Prime Ministers J. B. M. Hertzog and Jan Smuts, the United Party bridged white English-speakers, Afrikaners and Coloureds. It was considered more liberal on race relations than the National Party, which strongly supported the preservation of white supremacy. The United Party lost the 1948 general election to the National Party which subsequently implemented apartheid. The United Party never held power again and dissolved in 1977, with remnants forming the New Republic Party and other smaller groups.
Callechelys catostoma
Callechelys catostoma, the black-striped snake eel or dark band snake eel,) is an eel in the family Ophichthidae (worm/snake eels). It was described by Johann Gottlob Theaenus Schneider and Johann Reinhold Forster in 1801. It is a tropical, marine eel which is known from the Indo-Pacific, including the Red Sea, East Africa, the Society Islands, the Ryukyu Islands, and Lord Howe Island. It dwells at a depth range of 1–32 metres, and inhabits reefs. It burrows into loose gravel and sand. Males can reach a maximum total length of 85 centimetres (33 in).

Ophichthidae
Ophichthidae is a family of fish in the order Anguilliformes, commonly known as the snake eels. The term "Ophichthidae" comes from Greek ophis ("serpent") and ichthys ("fish"). Snake eels are also burrowing eels.  They are named for their physical appearance, as they have long, cylindrical, snake-like bodies. This family is found worldwide in tropical to warm temperate waters. They inhabit a wide range of habitats, from coastal shallows and even rivers, to depths below 800 m (2,600 ft). Most species are bottom dwellers, hiding in mud or sand to capture their prey of crustaceans and small fish, but some are pelagic.

These species range in total length from 5 cm (2.0 in) to 2.3 m (7.5 ft) or more. Many species lack fins altogether, improving their ability to burrow into the substrate like worms. They are often spotted or striped in colour, mimicking the appearance of venomous sea snakes to deter predators. Often, they are washed ashore by large storms.
Nowinki, Łódź Voivodeship
Nowinki [nɔˈviŋki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Ręczno, within Piotrków County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Ręczno, 27 km (17 mi) south-east of Piotrków Trybunalski, and 72 km (45 mi) south-east of the regional capital Łódź.

Piotrków County
Piotrków County (Polish: powiat piotrkowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Piotrków Trybunalski, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only towns in Piotrków County are Sulejów, which lies 15 km (9 mi) east of Piotrków Trybunalski, and Wolbórz (classed as a town since 1 January 2011).

The county covers an area of 1,429.12 square kilometres (551.8 sq mi). In 2006, its total population was 90,227, made up of 6,387 in Sulejów and a rural population of 83,840.
Karazhanbas oil field
The Karazhanbas Oil Field is an oil field located in Mangystau Province in Kazakhstan. It was discovered in 1984 and developed by CITIC Resources. The oil field is operated and owned by CITIC Resources. The total proven reserves of the oil field are around 135 million barrels (18 million tonnes), and production is centered on 18,600 barrels per day (2,960 m3/d).

Mangystau Region
Mangystau (Kazakh: Маңғыстау, romanized: Mañğystau), formerly known as Mangyshlak (Russian: Мангышлак) from 1973 until 1988, is a region of Kazakhstan. Its capital is Aqtau (a seaport), which has a population of 183,350 (2017); the entire Mangystau Province has a population of 745,909 (2022).
Salvia anatolica
Salvia anatolica is a rare perennial herb that is endemic to a small area between Divriği and Kemaliye in Turkey, growing on stony slopes and oak scrub forest at 1,500 to 1,650 m (4,920 to 5,410 ft) elevation. It is similar to another Salvia that is endemic to Turkey, S. bracteata.

S. anatolica grows on a few erect stems to 25 to 50 cm (9.8 to 19.7 in) with mostly basal leaves. Terminal leaves are ovate-elliptic to lanceolate and are 2 to 6.5 cm (0.79 to 2.56 in) long and .9 to 1.5 cm (0.35 to 0.59 in) wide. The inflorescence grows well above the leaves and is 15 to 24 cm (5.9 to 9.4 in) long. The yellow corolla is 3.5 to 4.0 cm (1.4 to 1.6 in). The plant blooms in May and June and is a hemicryptophyte.

Kemaliye
Kemaliye, formerly Eğin (Armenian: Ակն, romanized: Akn, meaning "spring"), is a town in Erzincan Province in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey. It is the seat of Kemaliye District. Its population is 2,536 (2022).

The town is known for its historic architecture, including many Ottoman-era houses. It is also notable for its commanding view of the river Karasu (Euphrates) flowing south through a gorge above the Keban Dam. The town consists of 11 quarters: Dörtyolağzı, Gençağa, Ariki, Hacıyusuf, Halilağa, Naip, Bahçe, Sandıkbağı, Taşdibi, Isakpaşa and Esertepe.
Gordano School
Gordano School (/ɡɔːrˈdeɪnoʊ/) is a comprehensive school with academy status located in Portishead, North Somerset, England. In 1999, the school was awarded Specialist schools Technology College status. Gordano School has 2,100 pupils aged 11 to 18 as of August 2024 with an Ofsted rating of good.

Specialist school
Specialist schools, also known as specialised schools or specialized schools, are schools which specialise in a certain area or field of curriculum. In some countries, for example New Zealand, the term is used exclusively for schools specialising in special needs education, which are typically known as special schools. Specialist schools often have admission criteria making them selective schools as well.
Frascati
Frascati (pronounced [fraˈskaːti]) is a city and comune in the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital in the Lazio region of central Italy. It is located 20 kilometres (12 mi) south-east of Rome, on the Alban Hills close to the ancient city of Tusculum.  Frascati is closely associated with science, being the location of several international scientific laboratories.

Frascati produces the white wine with the same name. It is also a  historical and artistic centre.

Andrea Pozzo
Andrea Pozzo (Italian: [anˈdrɛːa ˈpottso]; Latinized version: Andreas Puteus; 30 November 1642 – 31 August 1709) was an Italian Jesuit brother, Baroque painter, architect, decorator, stage designer, and art theoretician.

Pozzo was best known for his grandiose frescoes using the technique of quadratura to create an illusion of three-dimensional space on flat surfaces. His masterpiece is the nave ceiling of the Church of Sant'Ignazio in Rome. Through his techniques, he became one of the most noteworthy figures of the Baroque period. He is also noted for the architectural plans of  Ljubljana Cathedral (1700), inspired by the designs of the Jesuit churches Il Gesù and S. Ignazio in Rome.
Mario Giaccone
Mario Giaccone (born 21 June 1945) is a retired Italian amateur road cyclist and sporting director. He achieved international success in the late 1960s and later became a notable figure in Italian amateur cycling administration.

He has raced several times in the national team, under the guidance of coach Elio Rimedio.

Garbagna Novarese
Garbagna Novarese is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Novara in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of Turin and about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) southeast of Novara.

Garbagna Novarese borders the following municipalities: Nibbiola, Novara, Sozzago, Terdobbiate, and Trecate.
Fissurina paradoxica
Fissurina paradoxica is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) script  lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Found in Australia, it was formally described as a new species in 2001 by the lichenologist Alan W. Archer, who initially classified it in the genus Graphis. The type specimen was collected in the Buckenbowra River estuary in New South Wales (about 7.5 km west of Batemans Bay), where it was found growing on the bark of a tree  along a tidal creek. The species epithet paradoxica ('contrary to expectation') alludes to the unexpected presence of 2-methylpsoromic acid, which, at the time of publication, was the only species in genus Graphis known to contains this lichen product. Archer transferred the taxon to the genus Fissurina in 2005.

Graphis (lichen)
Graphis is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Graphidaceae. Historically, Graphis was used as a broad category for species with colourless, transversely septate ascospores within the Graphidaceae. However, with advances in genetic research, this classification has become more refined. As a result, species previously classified under Graphina have been re-assigned to Allographa or Graphis. The species complex around Graphis scripta has also been recognised, leading to the identification of several new species, many of which may have been previously overlooked.
2001–02 Regionalliga
The 2001–02 Regionalliga season was the eighth season of the Regionalliga at tier three of the German football league system.

The Regionalliga was split into two divisions, the Regionalliga Nord and the Regionalliga Süd. The champions of each, VfB Lübeck and SV Wacker Burghausen, were promoted to the 2002–03 2. Bundesliga, along with the runners-up Eintracht Braunschweig and SV Eintracht Trier.

2002–03 2. Bundesliga
The 2002–03 2. Bundesliga was the 29th season of the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of the German football league system. SC Freiburg, 1. FC Köln and Eintracht Frankfurt were promoted to the Bundesliga while Eintracht Braunschweig, SSV Reutlingen, FC St. Pauli and Waldhof Mannheim were relegated to the Regionalliga.
Aginsky District
Aginsky District (Russian: Агинский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion) Agin-Buryat Okrug of Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia, one of the thirty-one in the krai. It is located in the south of the krai, and borders with Karymsky District in the north, Mogoytuysky District in the east, Ononsky District in the south, and with Duldurginsky District in the west.  The area of the district is 6,300 square kilometers (2,400 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Aginskoye. Population: 34,354 (2010 census); 29,511 (2002 Census); 32,835 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Aginskoye accounts for 45.4% of the district's total population.

Zabaykalsky Krai
Zabaykalsky Krai is a federal subject of Russia (a krai), located in the Russian Far East. Its administrative center is Chita. As of the 2010 Census, the population was 1,107,107.

The krai was created on 1 March 2008, as a result of a merger of Chita Oblast and Agin-Buryat Autonomous Okrug after a referendum held on the issue on 11 March 2007. In 2018, the krai became part of the Far Eastern Federal District.
Prussian T 20
The German DRG Class 95 are ten-coupled tank locomotives with a 2-10-2 wheel arrangement, which were procured by the Deutsche Reichsbahn (also referred to later as the Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft or DRG) in 1922 for hauling heavy goods trains on steep main lines. Because the development of this class was started by the Prussian state railways, it was designated as the Prussian Class T 20.

Tank locomotive
A tank locomotive is a steam locomotive which carries its water in one or more on-board water tanks, instead of a more traditional tender. Most tank engines also have bunkers (or fuel tanks) to hold fuel; in a tender-tank locomotive a tender holds some or all of the fuel, and may hold some water also.

There are several different types of tank locomotive, distinguished by the position and style of the water tanks and fuel bunkers. The most common type has tanks mounted either side of the boiler. This type originated about 1840 and quickly became popular for industrial tasks, and later for shunting and shorter-distance main line duties.

Tank locomotives have advantages and disadvantages compared to traditional locomotives that required a separate tender to carry needed water and fuel.
Atif Rauf
Atif Rauf (born March 3, 1964) is a Pakistani former cricketer and umpire. He played in one Test against New Zealand in 1994. A right-handed batsman and occasional off spin bowler, he scored 16 and 9 in his only Test appearance.

He is a cousin of Pakistani cricketers Wasim Raja, Rameez Raja and Zaeem Raja.

Off spin
Off spin is a type of spin bowling in cricket. A bowler who uses this technique is called an off spinner. Off spinners bowl with their right-arm and a  finger spin action. Their normal delivery is called an off break, which spins from left to right (from the bowler's perspective) when the ball bounces on the pitch. For a right-handed batter, the ball breaks towards them from the off side, hence the name 'off break'.

Off spinners bowl mostly off breaks, varying them by adjusting the line and length of the deliveries. Off spinners also bowl other types of delivery, which spin differently. Aside from these variations in spin, varying the speed, length and flight of the ball are also important for the off spinner.

The bowler with the most wickets in the history of both Test matches and ODIs, Muttiah Muralitharan, was an off spinner.
Dadah Kiram Ismula
Haima "Dadah" Kiram Ismula  (born February 26, 1985) is a Filipino Moro politician and indigenous leader who is a representative for Akbayan Partylist since 2025. She was elected to the House of Representatives of the Philippines in 2025, as the third nominee of the Akbayan Partylist, which won three seats in an upset victory.

Upset (competition)
An upset occurs in a competition, frequently in electoral politics or sports, when the party popularly expected to win (the "favorite") is defeated by (or, in the case of sports, ties with) an underdog whom the majority expects to lose, defying the conventional wisdom. It is often used in reference to beating the betting odds in sports, or beating the opinion polls in electoral politics.
YALTAM
Yaltam (Hebrew: ילת"ם) is the Israeli Navy Underwater Missions Unit (Hebrew: יחידה למשימות תת-מימיות Yechida le'Mishimot Tat-Mayimiyot), specializing in diver operations. The unit was initially established as Unit 707 in 1963 but in its present form it was established in 1981. It is headquartered at the Haifa naval base

Sea of Galilee
The Sea of Galilee (Hebrew: יָם כִּנֶּרֶת, Judeo-Aramaic: יַמּא דטבריא, גִּנֵּיסַר, Arabic: بحيرة طبريا), also called Lake Tiberias, Genezareth Lake  or Kinneret, is a freshwater lake in Israel and the Golan Heights. It is the lowest freshwater lake on Earth and the second-lowest lake in the world (after the Dead Sea, a salt lake), with its elevation fluctuating between 215 and 209 metres (705 and 686 ft) below sea level (depending on rainfall). It is approximately 53 km (33 mi) in circumference, about 21 km (13 mi) long, and 13 km (8 mi) wide. Its area is 166.7 km2 (64.4 sq mi) at its fullest, and its maximum depth is approximately 43 metres (141 ft). The lake is fed partly by underground springs, but its main source is the Jordan River, which flows through it from north to south with the outflow controlled by the Degania Dam.
Computer graphics (computer science)
Computer graphics is a sub-field of computer science which studies methods for digitally synthesizing and manipulating visual content. Although the term often refers to the study of three-dimensional computer graphics, it also encompasses two-dimensional computer graphics and image processing.

Subdivision surface
In the field of 3D computer graphics, a subdivision surface (commonly shortened to SubD surface or Subsurf) is a curved surface represented by the specification of a coarser polygon mesh and produced by a recursive algorithmic method. The curved surface, the underlying inner mesh, can be calculated from the coarse mesh, known as the control cage or outer mesh, as the functional limit of an iterative process of subdividing each polygonal face into smaller faces that better approximate the final underlying curved surface. Less commonly, a simple algorithm is used to add geometry to a mesh by subdividing the faces into smaller ones without changing the overall shape or volume.

The opposite is reducing polygons or un-subdividing.
Brian J. Doyle
Brian James Doyle (born April 7, 1950) is a former Deputy Press Secretary for the United States Department of Homeland Security. In 2006, he was indicted for seducing a 14-year-old girl, who was actually a sheriff's deputy working undercover, on the internet. He was arrested on April 4, 2006, at his home in Silver Spring, Maryland. Five months later, he pled no contest. On November 17, 2006, he was sentenced to five years in prison with ten years of probation, and he was registered as a sex offender. Doyle was incarcerated at Wakulla Correctional Institution Annex outside of Tallahassee, Florida. He was released from prison on January 15, 2011.

Wakulla Correctional Institution
Wakulla Correctional Institution is a prison located 20 miles (32 km) southeast of Tallahassee, Florida. It is located in Wakulla County, and served by the Crawfordville, Florida post office.

The attached Wakulla Correctional Institution Annex was established in 2008.  It holds inmates of a higher level of classification and does not share the same faith and character-based mission as the main unit.

Wakulla Correctional Institution is the location of the Fallen Officer Memorial of the Florida Department of Corrections. The names of the fallen officers are engraved onto the memorial each year during an annual wreath laying ceremony with a portrait of the fallen placed on the wall inside of the adjacent building.
1947–48 Taça de Portugal
The 1947–48 Taça de Portugal was the ninth season of the Taça de Portugal (English: Portuguese Cup), the premier Portuguese football knockout competition, organized by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF). The competition wansn't played in the previous season due to overscheduling with the creation of the Terceira Divisão. Sporting Clube de Portugal was defeated C.F. Os Belenenses in the final on 4 July 1948.

Terceira Divisão
For the current Portuguese third-tier league, see Liga 3 (Portugal). For the fourth-tier league, see Campeonato de Portugal (league).

The Terceira Divisão Portuguesa (in English: Portuguese Third Division) was a football league in Portugal, situated at the fourth level of the Portuguese football league system. The Third Division was initially the third level of the Portuguese pyramid but with the creation of the Segunda Liga in 1990–91, it became the fourth level. The competition merged with the Segunda Divisão at the end of the 2012–13 to form a new enlarged third-level league, the Campeonato Nacional de Seniores.
MSC Nuria
MSC Nuria is a container ship built in 2008 by the Daewoo Mangalia Heavy Industries in Mangalia, Romania and currently operated by Mediterranean Shipping Company S.A. She is the largest container ship ever constructed in Romania.
The 54,549 DWT ship has a container capacity of 4,860 TEU's.

The Mediterranean Shipping Company S.A. also had a previous ship called MSC Nuria built in 1977 as the Australian Venture and operated under Saint Kitts and Nevis flag that was discharged in 2006.

Twenty-foot equivalent unit
The twenty-foot equivalent unit (abbreviated TEU or teu) is a general unit of cargo capacity, often used for container ships and container ports. It is based on the volume of a 20-foot-long (6.1 m) intermodal container, a standard-sized metal box that can be easily transferred between different modes of transportation, such as ships, trains, and trucks.
Svend Langkjær
Svend Langkjær (23 August 1886 – 2 May 1948) was a Danish track and field athlete who competed in the 1908 and 1912 Summer Olympics. In 1908, he competed in both the standing high jump and the standing long jump, finishing eighth in the high jump with a height of 1.42. In 1912 he competed in the decathlon. He did not finish after failing to start the high jump, the fourth of the ten events.

Athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's standing long jump
The men's standing long jump was one of six jumping events on the athletics at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme in London. The competition was held on Monday, July 20, 1908. Twenty-five long jumpers from eleven nations competed. NOCs could enter up to 12 athletes. The event was won by Ray Ewry of the United States, his third consecutive victory in the event. Ewry won all eight standing jump events from 1900 to 1908 as well as both events at the 1906 Intercalated Games. Konstantinos Tsiklitiras of Greece took silver. American Martin Sheridan earned bronze.
Santuit River
The Santuit River, also known as the Cotuit River, is a 2.3-mile-long (3.7 km) river marking the boundary between Mashpee and Cotuit, Massachusetts, on Cape Cod.

The river flows south from the southern end of Santuit Pond into Popponesset Bay (also known as Shoestring Bay) on the south shore of Cape Cod.

The river was a vigorous herring/alewife run and is known to support sea-run brown trout. In the early 1990s, it was alleged that overpumping by an adjacent golf course caused the river to run dry. The golf course denied these allegations.

Mashpee, Massachusetts
Mashpee (/ˈmæʃpi/ Wampanoag: Mâseepee) is a town on Cape Cod in Barnstable County, Massachusetts. It is bordered by Sandwich, Barnstable, and Falmouth, and to the south by Nantucket Sound. Settled in 1660 and incorporated on May 28, 1870, Mashpee had a population of 15,060 at the 2020 census. The town is the historic and contemporary home of the Mashpee Wampanoag Tribe—federally recognized in 2007—which maintains its headquarters in Mashpee.

Mashpee contains South Cape Beach State Park and part of the Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, as well as the Mashpee River Reservation. The town also contains Mashpee Commons, a redevelopment project recognized as an early example of New Urbanism, located at the Mashpee Rotary where Routes 28 and 151 meet.