hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Loch Chon
Loch Chon is a freshwater loch situated west of the village of Aberfoyle, near the small village of Kinlochard, Stirling, Scotland, UK. Loch Chon lies upstream of Loch Ard and to the south of Loch Katrine.

In the past, Loch Chon was known as Loch-a-Choin - loch of the dog/dogs. Choin is the Scots Gaelic word for dog in its genitive case (coin), lenited because loch is a masculine noun, causing an 'h' to be placed after the 'c'.

It releases its water into the 4.5-kilometre (2.8 mi) long Water of Chon, which not far from the outlet passes Loch Dhu, and is the main affluent of Loch Ard. Loch Chon itself is fed by several small streams which can be considered to be the true sources of the River Forth.

There are three islands in the loch. Two are unnamed, including the largest, which is roughly 315 feet/96 metres long. The medium sized island is called Heron Island and is roughly 230 feet/70 metres long.

Kinlochard
Kinlochard is small village in Stirlingshire, Western/Central Scotland. It is located at the western end of Loch Ard (near Aberfoyle), approximately 25 miles north of Glasgow (as the crow flies). The village is in Strathard, which stretches from near the northern end of Loch Lomond, south, to near Gartmore.
Hispano-Suiza E-30
The Hispano Suiza E-30, later renamed Hispano E-30, was designed in Spain in 1930 as a multi-purpose intermediate trainer. It was a single engine, parasol wing monoplane.  About 25 served with the Spanish armed forces until 1945.

Bracing (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, bracing comprises structural members which stiffen the functional airframe to give it rigidity and strength under load. Bracing may be applied both internally and externally, and may take the form of struts, which act in compression or tension as the need arises, and/or wires, which act only in tension.

In general, bracing allows a stronger, lighter structure than one which is unbraced, but external bracing adds drag which slows down the aircraft and raises considerably more design issues than internal bracing. Another disadvantage of bracing wires is that they require routine checking and adjustment, or rigging, even when located internally.

During the early years of aviation, bracing was a universal feature of aeroplanes, including monoplanes and biplanes, which were then equally common. Bracing in the form of lift struts remains in use for some light commercial designs where a high wing and light weight are more important than ultimate performance.
Beta-phosphoglucomutase
In enzymology, a β-phosphoglucomutase (EC 5.4.2.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

β-D-glucose 1-phosphate  β-D-glucose 6-phosphate

Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, β-D-glucose 1-phosphate, and one product, β-D-glucose 6-phosphate.

This enzyme belongs to the family of isomerases, specifically the phosphotransferases (phosphomutases), which transfer phosphate groups within a molecule.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is beta-D-glucose 1,6-phosphomutase. This enzyme participates in starch and sucrose metabolism.

Isomerase
In biochemistry, isomerases are a general class of enzymes that convert a molecule from one isomer to another. Isomerases facilitate intramolecular rearrangements in which bonds are broken and formed. The general form of such a reaction is as follows:

There is only one substrate yielding one product. This product has the same molecular formula as the substrate but differs in bond connectivity or spatial arrangement. Isomerases catalyze reactions across many biological processes, such as in glycolysis and carbohydrate metabolism.
Feuer (surname)
Feuer is the German language word for fire. From its origins, the word "feuer" has made its way into contemporary use as a family name.

According to Israel's Diaspora Museum, the surname indicates that the ancestors of those bearing this name were the "shedders of light and wisdom" on their villages.

People so named include:

Cy Feuer (1911–2006), American theatre producer, director, composer, and musician

Debra Feuer (born 1959), American actress

Donya Feuer (1934–2011), American dancer, choreographer, theater director and filmmaker

Eduard Feuer (born 1936), mechanical engineer and entrepreneur

Ian Feuer (born 1971), American former professional soccer player

Jane Feuer (fl. 1980s–2010s), American professor of film studies

Lewis Samuel Feuer (1912–2002), American sociologist

Mike Feuer (born 1958), American politician and lawyer

Zach Feuer (fl. 2000s–2010s), founding member of the Zach Feuer Gallery

Cy Feuer
Cyrus "Cy" Feuer (born Seymour Arnold Feuerman; January 15, 1911 – May 17, 2006) was an American theatre producer, director, composer, musician, and half of the celebrated producing duo Feuer and Martin. He won three competitive Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre, and a Lifetime Achievement Tony Award. He was also nominated for Academy Awards as the producer of Storm Over Bengal and Cabaret.
Fort de Cormeilles-en-Parisis
The Fort de Cormeilles-en-Parisis was constructed between 1874 and 1877 as part of a new plan for the defense of Paris developed by General Raymond Adolphe Séré de Rivières, near the town of Cormeilles-en-Parisis. During the Franco-Prussian War, German troops had used the hill upon which the fort sits as a spotting and firing location, ideal for the siting of new rifled guns whose range was increased over old-fashioned smooth-bore guns. These weapons could attack Paris from Cormeilles, so a new outer ring of forts had to be built outside the first ring of forts built in 1840–1860 to deny the area to enemy gunners. The Séré de Rivières system was designed as a response to these technological innovations, and to the loss of French territories in Alsace and Lorraine.

Cormeilles-en-Parisis
Cormeilles-en-Parisis (French pronunciation: [kɔʁmɛj ɑ̃ paʁizi] ⓘ, literally Cormeilles in Parisis) is a commune in the Val-d'Oise department in Île-de-France in Northern France.

Inhabitants are called Cormeillais(e).
National Association for Gun Rights
The National Association for Gun Rights (NAGR) is a gun rights advocacy group in the United States. They maintain an affiliated PAC and a nonprofit legal foundation. Officially incorporated in Virginia on March 29, 2000, NAGR was founded by Dudley Brown as a national companion organization to Rocky Mountain Gun Owners. NAGR is a rival to the more moderate National Rifle Association of America (NRA) and considers itself to be a more "conservative alternative" to the NRA. The group spends most of its energy focused on lawmakers and moderates who are deemed too compromising on Second Amendment issues. This is achieved via direct mail, robocalls and low-cost television ads. The group has gained notoriety for its lobbying tactics and attack ads.

Colorado General Assembly
39°44′21″N 104°59′05″W﻿ / ﻿39.7392°N 104.9848°W﻿ / 39.7392; -104.9848
The Colorado General Assembly is the state legislature of the State of Colorado. It is a bicameral legislature consisting of the Senate and House of Representatives that was created by the 1876 state constitution. Its statutes are codified in the Colorado Revised Statutes (C.R.S.). The session laws are published in the Session Laws of Colorado.

Colorado's legislature is similar to those of other states, except that, unlike many states, Colorado does not give its lieutenant governor any legislative authority (e.g. tie-breaking vote).
Julius Wagner (athlete)
Bruno Julius Wagner (12 October 1882 – 2 March 1952) was a German athlete and gymnast who competed for Germany and Switzerland in the Olympic Games.

In 1906 he competed for Germany at the Intercalated Olympic Games, winning a team gold medal in tug of war and participating in seven athletics events and three gymnastics events. Representing Switzerland, he competed in the men's hammer throw at the 1908 Summer Olympics and the men's pentathlon at the 1912 Summer Olympics.

Gymnastics at the 1906 Intercalated Games
At the 1906 Summer Olympics in Athens, four gymnastics events were contested, all for men only.   Now called the Intercalated Games, the 1906 Games are no longer considered as an official Olympic Games by the International Olympic Committee.
Dale of Norway
Dale of Norway is a Norwegian clothing brand known for their production of high-quality pure wool knitwear. The textile factory for the company is located at the village of Dale in Vaksdal Municipality, about 50 kilometres (31 mi) east of the city of Bergen in Vestland county, Norway. In 2018, Dale of Norway was acquired by  the Rossignol Group.

Knitted fabric
Knitted fabric is a textile that results from knitting, the process of inter-looping of yarns or inter-meshing of loops. Its properties are distinct from woven fabric in that it is more flexible and can be more readily constructed into smaller pieces, making it ideal for socks and hats.
The Kootenai
The Kootenai is a region in the northwest of the US state of Montana encompassing the Cabinet Mountains and Lincoln County, Montana and the Kootenai National Forest (reference other Montana regions such as The Flathead and The Bitterroot). It is named after the Kootenai River. The name has been established as a social and economic development brand name by a Public-Private-Partnership between Lincoln County and the University of Montana.

Lincoln County, Montana
Lincoln County is a county located in the U.S. state of Montana. As of the 2020 census, the population was 19,677. Its county seat is Libby. The county was founded in 1909 and named for President Abraham Lincoln. The county lies on Montana's north border and thus shares the US-Canadian border with the Canadian province of British Columbia.

This heavily wooded and mountainous county once was part of Flathead County until residents of Libby and Eureka petitioned the state legislature for separation. Libby won an election over Eureka to host the county seat.
Brass, Nigeria
Brass is a Local Government Area in Bayelsa State, southern Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Twon-Brass on Brass Island along the coast, it has a coastline of approximately 90 km on the Bight of Bonny. Much of the area of the LGA is occupied by the Edumanom National Forest.

It has an area of 1,404 km2 and an estimated population of 426,150 as at 2024.

The postal code of the area is 562.

Bight of Biafra
The Bight of Biafra, also known as the Bight of Bonny, is a bight off the west-central African coast, in the easternmost part of the Gulf of Guinea. It has also occasionally been referred to as the Bight of Africa because it is at this point where the direction of the Western coastline of the African continent most prominently changes from a north-south orientation to an east-west orientation.
Sables-d'Or-les-Pins
Sables-d'Or-les-Pins (French pronunciation: [sabl dɔʁ le pɛ̃], lit. 'Golden Sands the Pines'; Breton: Traezhennoù Aour ar Pinoù) is a French Seaside resort, located mainly in Fréhel commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department in Brittany in northwestern France.

It was created  in 1921 and is known for its long beach located along a spit and its dunes.

Roland Brouard, the initiator of the project, intended to create a competitor to resorts like Deauville and La Baule.

In 1929, as a consequence of the Great Depression, the development of the resort stopped.

After World War II, Sables d'Or became a quiet family beach.

Spit (landform)
A spit or sandspit is a deposition bar or beach landform off coasts or lake shores. It develops in places where re-entrance occurs, such as at a cove's headlands, by the process of longshore drift by longshore currents. The drift occurs because waves meet the beach at an oblique angle, moving sediment down the beach in a zigzag pattern. This is complemented by longshore currents, which further transport sediment through the water alongside the beach. These currents are caused by the same waves that cause the drift.
Clay LeGrand
Clay LeGrand (February 26, 1911 – November 17, 2002) was a justice of the Iowa Supreme Court from July 5, 1967, to February 26, 1983, appointed from Scott County, Iowa. LeGrand died on November 17, 2002, at the age of 91.

Scott County, Iowa
Scott County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 174,669, and was estimated to be 175,601 in 2024, making it the third-most populous county in Iowa. The county seat the largest city is Davenport.

Scott County is included in the Davenport–Moline-Rock Island, IA–IL Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Krasnoyarsk Cheremshanka Airport
Krasnoyarsk Cheremshanka Airport (Russian: Красноярский аэропорт Черемшанка) (IATA: KCY, ICAO: UNKM) is a domestic airport in the Krasnoyarsk Krai, situated 23 kilometres (14 mi) northwest of Krasnoyarsk. It became the base of a civil defense helicopter detachment in 1982, featuring Mil Mi-6 and Mil Mi-8 aircraft. In addition to military use, the airfield serves some regional civilian passenger flights using Antonov An-24 and Antonov An-26 aircraft.  It is the hub of KrasAvia airline. Krasnoyarsk Cheremshanka is adjacent to the larger Krasnoyarsk International Airport and appears very similar to it from the air, since its two runways, although shorter than those at the international airport, have exactly the same bearings (11/29).

Antonov An-26
The Antonov An-26 (NATO reporting name: Curl, nicknamed Nastia in the USSR) is a twin-engined turboprop regional airliner and military transport aircraft, designed and produced in the Soviet Union from 1969 to 1986. It is the third member of the Antonov An-24 family, coming after the An-24 and An-30, while preceding the An-32 and cancelled An-132. The An-26 is license-produced in China as the Xi'an Y-7.
Titan (cave)
Titan is a natural cavern near Castleton in the Derbyshire Peak District, and is the deepest shaft of any known cave in Britain, at 141.5 metres (464 ft). The existence of Titan was revealed in November 2006, following its discovery on 1 January 1999 after cavers discovered connections from the James Hall Over Engine Mine to both Speedwell Cavern and Peak Cavern. Previously, the deepest known underground shaft in Britain had been Gaping Gill on the slopes of Ingleborough in the Yorkshire Dales.

A group of Peak District cavers led by Dave Nixon (nicknamed "Moose") discovered the shaft after finding an account by an 18th-century academic, James Plumtree, in a university library. Initial explorations in the James Hall Over Engine Mine led to the discovery of a large shaft named Leviathan, before further excavations revealed the existence of Titan.

Pitch (climbing)
In climbing, a pitch is a section of a climbing route between two belay points (or belay stations), and is most commonly related to the task of lead climbing (going up), but is also related to abseiling (going down).  Climbing on routes that require only one pitch is known as single-pitch climbing, and climbing on routes with more than one pitch is known as multi-pitch climbing (where the number is large, it can be big wall or alpine climbing).

Modern climbing ropes are typically 60–70 metres (200–230 ft) in length, which sets the theoretical maximum length of a 'pitch', however, other factors mean that the average pitch on a multi-pitch route is circa 30–40 metres (98–131 ft) in length.  Advanced climbing techniques such as simul climbing can materially reduce—and even completely remove—the need for 'pitches' on a multi-pitch climbing route. The term is also used in caving.
Academy of Music (Lynchburg, Virginia)
The Academy of Music is a historic theatre building located in Lynchburg, Virginia.  The three-story theater was built 1904–05 in the Beaux Arts style with a Neoclassical interior. It was designed by Frye & Chesterman. It is one of the only surviving legitimate theaters of the turn-of-the-century period in Virginia. Some of the more notable European and American names to appear on its stage included Ignace Paderewski, Anna Pavlova, Sarah Bernhardt, Alma Gluck, DeWolf Hopper, Otis Skinner, John Drew and Mrs. Patrick Campbell. In 2008, the Lynchburg Academy of Fine Arts received a $245,000 earmark from Representative Bob Goodlatte from the Community Development Fund of the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, for renovations to the building.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1969.

Anna Pavlova
Anna Pavlovna Pavlova (born Anna Matveyevna Pavlova; 12 February [O.S. 31 January] 1881 – 23 January 1931) was a Russian prima ballerina. She was a principal artist of the Imperial Russian Ballet and the Ballets Russes of Sergei Diaghilev, but is most recognized for creating the role of The Dying Swan and, with her own company, being the first ballerina to tour the world, including South America, India, Mexico and Australia.
Travis Mills
Travis Tatum Mills (born April 12, 1989), previously known by his stage name T. Mills, is an American rapper, singer, and actor from Riverside, California. Following his name change from T. Mills to Travis Mills, he began hosting an eponymous show on Apple Music 1.

Boi-1da
Matthew Jehu Samuels (born October 12, 1986), known professionally as Boi-1da (a play on Boy Wonder) is a Canadian record producer and songwriter based in Toronto, Ontario.

He is an in-house producer for Drake's OVO Sound label and has produced for a variety of artists and groups, most notably Drake, Rihanna, Eminem, Jay-Z, Nicki Minaj, Nas, Jack Harlow, Kanye West and Kendrick Lamar among others. In 2015, Samuels served as the executive producer for Drake's mixtape If You're Reading This It's Too Late.
Douzhangzhuang railway station
Douzhangzhuang railway station (豆张庄站) is a fourth-class station at 97 km on Jingshan railway.

The station was built in 1907. It is located in Wuqing District, Tianjin.

The station was renamed 414 railway station in 1969 during the 10th anniversary of Mao Zedong's visit of Douzhangzhuang on April 14, 1959. It was renamed back on October 1, 1980.

39°23′47″N 116°56′37″E﻿ / ﻿39.39639°N 116.94361°E﻿ / 39.39639; 116.94361

Wuqing, Tianjin
Wuqing District (simplified Chinese: 武清区; traditional Chinese: 武清區; pinyin: Wǔqīng Qū) is a district of Tianjin, bordering Hebei province to the north and west, Beijing Municipality to the northwest, Baodi District to the northeast, and Beichen District and Xiqing District to the southeast/south.
Francis Annesley, 1st Earl Annesley
Francis Annesley, 1st Earl Annesley (27 November 1740 – 19 December 1802) was an Anglo-Irish politician and peer.

He was the son of William Annesley, 1st Viscount Glerawly and Lady Anne Beresford, the daughter of Marcus Beresford, 1st Earl of Tyrone. He held the office of Member of Parliament for Downpatrick between 1761 and 1770. On 12 September 1770 he succeeded his father as Viscount Glerawly and assumed his seat in the Irish House of Lords. On 17 August 1789, Annesley was created Earl Annesley, of Castlewellan in the County of Down, in the Peerage of Ireland. The earldom was created with special remainder to his brother, Richard, as Annesley had no legitimate children.

Marcus Beresford, 1st Earl of Tyrone
Marcus Beresford, 1st Earl of Tyrone (16 July 1694 – 4 April 1763), known as Sir Marcus Beresford, 4th Baronet, until 1720 and subsequently as The Viscount Tyrone until 1746, was an Anglo-Irish peer and politician.
Aleksandar Hemon
Aleksandar Hemon (Serbian Cyrillic: Александар Xeмoн; born September 9, 1964) is a Bosnian-American author, essayist, critic, television writer, and screenwriter. He is best known for the novels Nowhere Man (2002) and The Lazarus Project (2008), and his scriptwriting as a co-writer of The Matrix Resurrections (2021).

He frequently publishes in The New Yorker and has also written for Esquire, The Paris Review, the Op-Ed page of The New York Times, and the Sarajevo magazine BH Dani.

Hemon is also a musician, distributing his Electronica work under the pseudonym "Cielo Hemon."

Granta
Granta is a literary magazine and publisher in the United Kingdom whose mission centres on its "belief in the power and urgency of the story, both in fiction and non-fiction, and the story's supreme ability to describe, illuminate and make real." In 2007, The Observer stated: "In its blend of memoirs and photojournalism, and in its championing of contemporary realist fiction, Granta has its face pressed firmly against the window, determined to witness the world."

Granta has published twenty-seven laureates of the Nobel Prize in Literature. Literature published by Granta has regularly won such prizes as the Forward Prize, T. S. Eliot Prize, Pushcart Prize and more.
American Astronautical Society
Formed in 1954, the American Astronautical Society (AAS) is an independent scientific and technical group in the United States dedicated to the advancement of space science and space exploration. AAS supports NASA's Vision for Space Exploration and is a member of the Coalition for Space Exploration and the Space Exploration Alliance. The AAS also focuses on strengthening the global space program through cooperation with international space organizations. The society has a long history of supporting space exploration through scholarships.

Outline of space science
The following outline is provided as an overview and topical guide to space science:

Space science – field that encompasses all of the scientific disciplines that involve space exploration and study natural phenomena and physical bodies occurring in outer space, such as space medicine and astrobiology.
Maykov
Maykov (Russian: Ма́йков), or Maykova (feminine; Ма́йкова) is a Russian surname associated with the noble Maykov family. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandr Maykov (1902–1977), Soviet Army officer

Apollon Aleksandrovich Maykov (1761–1838) Russian poet and State Counsellor, father of Nikolay

Evgeniya Maykova (1803–1880), Russian writer and poet, wife of Nikolay

Nikolay Maykov (1794–1873) Russian painter and his sons:
Apollon Maykov (1821–1897) Russian poet
Valerian Maykov (1823–1847) Russian writer and literary critic
Vladimir Maykov (1826-1885) Russian publisher
Leonid Maykov (1839–1900) Russian literary expert, ethnographer and academician

Vasili Maykov (1728–1778) Russian poet and playwright, uncle of Apollon Alexandrovich

Aleksandr Maykov
Aleksandr Glebovich Maykov (Russian: Александр Глебович Майков; 17 October 1902 – January 1977) was a Soviet Army colonel who held divisional command during World War II. Maykov rose through a series of command positions in the prewar Red Army, and commanded replacement units in the first months after Germany invaded the Soviet Union. He commanded a battalion in the Battle of the Caucasus and was seriously wounded when his unit was wiped out in early August 1942. After recovering, Maykov served as a regimental commander and brigade deputy commander as the battle for the Caucasus continued. In mid-1943, he became deputy commander of the 257th Rifle Division, and succeeded to command the division in early 1944. Maykov led the 257th in the Crimean Offensive and the Soviet advance into the Baltic states, ending the war in the blockade of the Courland Pocket. Postwar, he served as a brigade deputy commander before retiring in the early 1950s.
Isaline Blew Horner
Isaline Blew Horner OBE (30 March 1896 – 25 April 1981), usually cited as I. B. Horner, was an English Indologist, a leading scholar of Pāli literature and late president of the Pali Text Society (1959–1981).

Pali literature
Pali literature is concerned mainly with Theravada Buddhism, of which Pali (IAST: pāl̤i) is the traditional language. The earliest and most important Pali literature constitutes the Pāli Canon, the authoritative scriptures of Theravada school.

Pali literature includes numerous genres, including Suttas (Buddhist discourses), Vinaya (monastic discipline), Abhidhamma (philosophy), poetry, history, philology, hagiography, scriptural exegesis, and meditation manuals.