hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Halim Medaci
Halim Medaci (Arabic: حليم مداسي) (born April 20, 1983, in Nanterre) is a footballer. He is currently without a club, after last playing as a defender for UJA Alfortville. Born in France, he chose to represent Algeria at international level

Nanterre
Nanterre (/nɒ̃ˈtɛər/; French: [nɑ̃tɛʁ] ⓘ) is the prefecture of the Hauts-de-Seine department in the western suburbs of Paris, France. It is located some 11 km (6.8 mi) northwest of the centre of Paris.  As of 2023, the population of the commune was 97,783.

The eastern part of Nanterre, bordering the communes of Courbevoie and Puteaux, contains a small part of the La Défense business district of Paris and some of the tallest buildings in the Paris region. Because the headquarters of many major corporations are located in La Défense, the court of Nanterre is well known in the media for the number of high-profile lawsuits and trials that take place in it. The city of Nanterre also includes the Paris West University Nanterre La Défense, one of the largest universities in the Paris region.

Inhabitants are called Nanterrien(ne)s or Nanterrois(es).
College Sainte-Marie (Mauritius)
College Sainte-Marie is a private secondary school based in Quatre Bornes, Mauritius. Students are prepared for the School Certificate and the Higher School Certificate.

The school began enrolling students in September 2004.

The school was scheduled to open on 17 January 2005, with priority given to students attending primary schools in Curepipe and Vacoas and with monthly tuition being 3,800 Rs.

Curepipe
Curepipe (Mauritian Creole pronunciation: [kiːəpip]), also known as La Ville-Lumière (The City of Light), is a town in Mauritius, located mainly in the Plaines Wilhems District. Its eastern part lies in the Moka District. Known for its colonial architecture, the town is administered by the Municipal Council of Curepipe. Curepipe lies at a higher elevation, often referred to as the "Central Plateau". According to the census made by Statistics Mauritius in 2018, the population of the town was at 78,618.
2020 Democratic Party for the People leadership election
The 2020 Democratic Party For the People leadership election was held on 18 December 2020. It was the first presidential election since the refoundation of the party. Incumbent president Yuichiro Tamaki was re-elected overwhelmingly against representative Takae Itō.

Takae Itō (Aichi Prefecture politician)
Takae Itō (born June 30, 1975, in Aichi Prefecture, Japan) is a Japanese politician who has served as a member of the House of Councillors of Japan since 2016. She represents the Aichi at-large district and is a member of the Democratic Party for the People.
Flame rectification
Flame rectification is a phenomenon in which a flame can act as an electrical rectifier. The effect is commonly described as being caused by the greater mobility of electrons relative to that of positive ions within the flame, and the asymmetric nature of the electrodes used to detect the phenomenon.

This effect is used by rectification flame sensors to detect the presence of flame. The rectifying effect of the flame on an AC voltage allows the presence of flame to be distinguished from a resistive leakage path.

One experimental study suggested that the effect is caused by the ionization process occurring mostly at the base of the flame, making it more difficult for the electrode further from the base of the flame to attract positive ions from the burner, yet leaving the electron current largely unchanged with distance because of the greater mobility of the electron charge carriers.

Flame
A flame (from Latin  flamma) is the visible, gaseous part of a fire. It is caused by a highly exothermic chemical reaction made in a thin zone. When flames are hot enough to have ionized gaseous components of sufficient density, they are then considered plasma.
Hall of Fame 2.0
Hall of Fame 2.0 is a reissued studio album by American rapper Polo G. It was released on December 3, 2021, as the deluxe edition and sequel of his third studio album, Hall of Fame, which was released earlier in 2021. The reissued album features new guest appearances from Lil Baby, Moneybagg Yo, YungLiv, NLE Choppa, and Lil Tjay.

Special edition
The terms special edition, limited edition, and variants such as deluxe edition, collector's edition, expanded edition, or nth anniversary edition are used as a marketing incentive for various kinds of products, originally published products related to the arts, such as books, prints, recorded music and films, and video games, but now including clothing, cars, fine wine, and whisky, among other products.  A limited edition is restricted in the number of copies produced, although in fact the number may be very low or very high. Suzuki (2008) defines limited edition products as those “sold in a state that makes them difficult to obtain because of companies limiting their availability to a certain period, quantity, region, or channel". A special edition implies there is extra material of some kind included.  The term is frequently used on DVD film releases, often when the so-called "special" edition is actually the only version released.
Ethical Code for Digital News Websites
After 75 years of independence from the British Empire, the Britishers passed an act after the first world war of independence in 1857, which curb the freedom of expression. The Government of India and the Digital News Publishers Association have drawn up the Code of Ethics, namely the Ethical Code for Digital News Websites, for the Digital Publishers and News Websites in order to demonstrate the publisher's commitment to responsible digital publishing even as it, in compliance with Article 19(1) of the Constitution of India 1949, protects publishers' constitutionally mandated freedoms and keeps under review and scrutinises any developments likely to restrict the gathering and dissemination of news, current affairs, or any other content.

The mandate of the Code of Ethics is to maintain the standards of digital publishing and protect and maintain the independence of journalists, content entities, and publishers.

Electronic publishing
Electronic publishing (also referred to as e-publishing, digital publishing, or online publishing) includes the digital publication of e-books, digital magazines, and the development of digital libraries and catalogues. It also includes the editing of books, journals, and magazines to be read on a screen (computer, e-reader, tablet, or smartphone).
Ketil Trout
Ketil Trout, known in Old Norse as Ketill hængr (Modern Icelandic Ketil Hæng), is the name of several figures from Norse folklore. Two are especially prominent:

Ketil Trout of Hranista, or Ketil Trout of Halogaland, the hero of the legendary Hrafnistumannasögur sagas

Ketil Trout (Iceland), or Ketil Trout of Namdalen, grandson of the above and a chieftain in early 10th century Iceland

Hrafnistumannasögur
The Hrafnistumannasögur is a group of legendary sagas surrounding the family of Ketil Trout of Halogaland. (Ketil is sometimes confused with his grandson, Ketil Trout of Namdalen.)  The group is named after Hrafnista, modern Ramsta in northern Norway.

Ketils saga hœngs

Gríms saga loðinkinna

Örvar-Odds saga

Áns saga bogsveigis

Ketil Trout, the protagonist of Ketils saga hœngs, was the father of Grimr Hairy-Cheek, the protagonist of Gríms saga loðinkinna, and the grandfather of Orvar-Odd, the protagonist of Örvar-Odds saga.

In the opening lines of Egil's saga, which features extensive relations with the Ramsta family and Halogaland and thus may be called the nearest saga to the Hrafnista group, we are informed about Ketil Trout's father Hallbjörn Half-troll, who was half Saami.
Brett Tucker
Brett Alan Tucker (born 21 May 1972) is an Australian actor and singer. He was a series regular in The Saddle Club, McLeod's Daughters, and Mistresses. He is also known for his role as Daniel Fitzgerald in Neighbours. He played Seattle Fire Battalion Chief Lucas Ripley on ABC's TV series Station 19. He played Colin in the 2024 series of Troppo.

Troppo (TV series)
Troppo is an Australian television crime drama series starring Thomas Jane and Nicole Chamoun. The first season  premiered on ABC TV on 27 February 2022. The show's second season premiered on 5 July 2024 on ABC TV and iview, with Amazon Prime Video and Amazon Freevee both airing it from 25 July 2024.
Kim Jong-chun
Kim Jong-Chun (born July 7, 1976) is a retired South Korean football player, who last played for the amateur side Yongin Citizen F.C. in South Korea.

Kim previously played for Pohang Steelers, Gwangju Sangmu Bulsajo and Jeonbuk Hyundai Motors in the K-League. In 2007, he went to play in Romania alongside fellow South Korean Park Jae-hong for Liga II team, Universitatea Cluj, thus becoming the first foreign footballers in the club's history.

Pohang Steelers
The Pohang Steelers (Hangul: 포항 스틸러스) are a South Korean professional football club based in Pohang, North Gyeongsang Province that compete in the K League 1, the top flight of South Korean football. The club was founded on 1 April 1973 as Pohang Iron & Steel Company FC, named after the steel company POSCO, which still owns the club today. They are one of South Korea's most successful teams, having won the K League five times and the AFC Champions League three times.
Claude Burdin
Claude Burdin (French: [klod byr.dɛ̃]; 19 March 1788 – 12 November 1873) was a French engineer.
Born in Lépin-le-Lac, Savoie, when it was known as the Duchy of Savoy, he was professor at the school of mines, École nationale supérieure des mines de Saint-Étienne, in Saint-Étienne.
He became a French citizen on 4 June 1817. He proposed the concept and developed the term turbine from the Greek word τύρβη, meaning "whirling" or a "vortex".

Savoie
Savoie (French pronunciation: [savwa]; Arpitan: Savouè or Savouè-d'Avâl, lit. 'Lower Savoy'; Italian: Savoia; Occitan: Savòia; English: Savoy, /səˈvɔɪ/) is a department in the region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Southeastern France. Located in the French Alps, its prefecture is Chambéry. In 2019, Savoie had a population of 436,434.

Together with Haute-Savoie, it is one of the two departments of the historical region of Savoy; the Duchy of Savoy was annexed by France in 1860, following the signing of the Treaty of Turin. The area is known for its numerous ski resorts and contribution to French cuisine, with culinary specialities such as fondue savoyarde, tartiflette, génépi, as well as various sorts of saucisson.
Bass Pyramid
The Bass Pyramid, part of the Furneaux Group, is a small, two sectioned oval, steep-sided 100-square-metre (1,100 sq ft) unpopulated granite island, located in Bass Strait, lying north of the Flinders Island and south of the Kent Group, in Tasmania, Australia. A rock bridge connects the two sections.

The island was used intermittently from the 1940s until 1988 as a bombing and shelling target by the Australian airforce and navy.  On 5 April 1978 the island was proclaimed part of a nature reserve.

Recorded breeding seabird and wader species include fairy prion, common diving-petrel, Pacific gull, silver gull, Australasian gannet and sooty oystercatcher.  It is also a haul-out site for Australian fur seals. The seals were hunted here in the 19th century. The dangers of the site resulted in at least three sealers losing their lives here.

Pacific gull
The Pacific gull (Larus pacificus) is a gull, native to the coasts of Australia. It is moderately common in a band along the coast between Carnarvon, Western Australia, in the west, and Sydney in the east, as well as Tasmania and other islands off the continent's southern coast. It has, however, become scarce in some parts of the south-east, as a result of competition from the kelp gull.

Much larger than the ubiquitous silver gull, and much less common, Pacific gulls are usually seen alone or in pairs, loafing around the shoreline, steadily patrolling high above the edge of the water, or sometimes flying high on the breeze to drop a shellfish or sea urchin onto rocks.
Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology
Rawalpindi Institute of Cardiology (RIC) is a non-profit tertiary level cardiac hospital located on Rawal Road in Rawalpindi, of the Punjab province of Pakistan. Established in 2012, RIC has nearly 50 departments which provide health facilities to several parts of the country. The hospital was established by Punjab Health Department and inaugurated by former Chief Minister of the Punjab, Shahbaz Sharif. A 272-bed hospital, the current executive director is Professor Dr. Musfireh Siddiqeh, a Cardiac Surgeon. The Medical Superintendent of the hospital is Dr. Qurban Hussain Khan, a Cardiac Electrophysiologist.

Chief Minister of Punjab (Pakistan)
The chief minister of Punjab (Punjabi/Urdu: وزیرِ اعلیٰ پنجاب, romanized: Wazīr-ē-Aʿlā Panjāb) is the head of government of the Pakistani province of Punjab. Elected by the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, the chief minister leads the executive branch of the government of Punjab along with their appointed cabinet, with the governor of Punjab serving as the nominal head of executive and province. The chief minister is elected by a majority in the Punjab Assembly, where they serve as leader of the House. The office is held by virtue of the officeholder's ability to command the confidence of the Assembly, with no term limits. Maryam Nawaz Sharif is the 19th and current chief minister of Punjab.

The office of Chief Minister is located in Lahore, the capital of the Punjab province and is known as the CM Secretariat.
Carachipampa
Carachipampa is a Pleistocene volcanic cone in Argentina. Part of a wider, regional volcanic field, it has produced lava flows consisting of andesite. It is surrounded by a lake and a salt flat, the former of which features an ecosystem formed by microbes.

Volcanic field
A volcanic field is an area of Earth's crust that is prone to localized volcanic activity. The type and number of volcanoes required to be called a "field" is not well-defined. Volcanic fields usually consist of clusters of up to 100 volcanoes such as cinder cones. Lava flows may also occur. They may occur as a monogenetic volcanic field or a polygenetic volcanic field.
2025 Cincinnati Open – Women's singles
Iga Świątek defeated Jasmine Paolini in the final, 7–5, 6–4 to win the women's singles tennis title at the 2025 Cincinnati Open. It was her first Cincinnati Open title and eleventh WTA 1000 title. Świątek did not lose a set during the tournament.

Aryna Sabalenka was the defending champion, but lost in the quarterfinals to Elena Rybakina.

Cincinnati Open
The Cincinnati Open is an annual professional tennis event held in Cincinnati, United States. It is played on outdoor hard courts at the Lindner Family Tennis Center in Mason, Ohio, and is held in August. The event started on September 18, 1899, and is the oldest tennis tournament in the United States still played in (or near) its original city. It also is the third largest tennis event in the United States, after the US Open and the Indian Wells Open. It is one of the ATP Masters 1000 tournaments on the ATP Tour, and one of the WTA 1000 tournaments on the WTA Tour.
Counterproliferation
Counterproliferation refers to diplomatic, intelligence, and military efforts to combat the proliferation of weapons, including weapons of mass destruction such as chemical or nuclear weapons, long-range missiles, and certain conventional weapons. Measures to combat proliferation by analysing and preventing related financial transactions are referred to as counter-proliferation financing. Nonproliferation and arms control are related terms. In contrast to nonproliferation, which focuses on diplomatic, legal, and administrative measures to dissuade and impede the acquisition of such weapons, counterproliferation focuses on intelligence, law enforcement, and sometimes military action to prevent their acquisition.

Arms control
Arms control is a term for international restrictions upon the development, production, stockpiling, proliferation and usage of small arms, conventional weapons, and weapons of mass destruction. Arms control is typically exercised through the use of diplomacy which seeks to impose such limitations upon consenting participants through international treaties and agreements, although it may also comprise efforts by a nation or group of nations to enforce limitations upon a non-consenting country.
Paige Layle
Paige Hennekam (born August 2, 2000), better known as Paige Layle, is a Canadian ADHD and autism acceptance activist and author. They are known for discussing their experiences with ADHD and autism on Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube since 2020. Their first book, But Everyone Feels This Way: How an Autism Diagnosis Saved My Life, was released in 2024.

Kawartha Lakes
Kawartha Lakes (2021 population: 79,247) is a single-tier municipality in Central Ontario, Canada. Though structured as a single-tier municipality, Kawartha Lakes is the size of a typical Ontario county and is mostly rural. It is the second largest single-tier municipality in Ontario by land area (after Greater Sudbury).

The main population centres are the communities of Lindsay (population: 22,367), Bobcaygeon (population: 3,576), Fenelon Falls (population: 2,490), Omemee (population: 1,060) and Woodville (population: 718).
Hats Off to the Bull (song)
"Hats Off to the Bull" is a song by American rock band Chevelle. It was released on February 16, 2012, as the second single from the band's sixth studio album, Hats Off to the Bull (2011). The song also appears on the band's greatest hits album, Stray Arrows: A Collection of Favorites (2012).

The song has been described as an anti-animal cruelty song, especially criticizing bullfighting.

Stray Arrows: A Collection of Favorites
Stray Arrows: A Collection of Favorites is a greatest hits album by the American rock band Chevelle, released on December 4, 2012. It includes remastered versions of several hit songs, along with a previously unreleased B-side entitled "Fizgig." The songs on the standard track listing (except for "Sleep Apnea", "The Meddler" and "Fizgig") all cracked the top 10 on Billboard's Mainstream Rock chart, with "Send the Pain Below", "Vitamin R (Leading Us Along)", "Face to the Floor" and "Hats Off to the Bull" all reaching the No. 1 spot.

The album was named Revolver's album of the week on December 10, 2012.
Ryōichi Sasakawa
Ryōichi Sasakawa (笹川 良一, Sasakawa Ryōichi; May 4, 1899 – July 18, 1995) was a Japanese businessman, far-right politician, class A war criminal, and philanthropist.

In the 1930s and during the Second World War, he was active both in finance and in politics, actively supporting the Japanese war effort including raising his own paramilitary units.

After Japan's defeat he was accused of war crimes and imprisoned for a time. After his release, he found financial success in various business ventures, including motorboat-racing gambling events (Kyōtei) and ship building. He supported anti-communist activities, including the World Anti-Communist League. In 1951 he founded the Nippon Foundation and became its first president. The foundation has done charitable work around the world, for which it and Sasakawa have received many official honors.

Unification Church of the United States
The Unification Church of the United States is the branch of the Unification Church in the United States. It began in the late 1950s and early 1960s when missionaries from South Korea were sent to America by the international Unification Church's founder and leader Sun Myung Moon. It expanded in the 1970s and then became involved in controversy due to its theology, its political activism, and the lifestyle of its members. Since then, it has been involved in many areas of American society and has established businesses, news media, projects in education and the arts, as well as taking part in political and social activism, and has itself gone through substantial changes.
Middle Moriah Mountain
Middle Moriah Mountain is a mountain located in Coos County, New Hampshire. The mountain is part of the Carter-Moriah Range of the White Mountains, which runs along the northern east side of Pinkham Notch.  Middle Moriah is flanked to the northeast by Shelburne Moriah Mountain, and to the southwest by Mount Moriah.

Carter-Moriah Range
44°18′47″N 071°09′52″W﻿ / ﻿44.31306°N 71.16444°W﻿ / 44.31306; -71.16444

The Carter-Moriah Range of mountains is located in the White Mountains, in Coös County, New Hampshire. The range forms the northern east side of Pinkham Notch, opposite the northern Presidential Range. The range is also referred to as the Carter Range.
OASL
59 kDa 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase-like protein is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the OASL gene.

2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase is a protein family of structurally similar proteins, including OAS1, OAS2, and OAS3. However, mutations in the OAS domain mean it lacks the motif to allow oligomerization, preventing the synthesis of oligoadenylates. OASL, like the proteins of 2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthase family, is induced by interferons.

OAS3
2'-5'-oligoadenylate synthetase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the OAS3 gene.

This gene encodes an enzyme included in the 2', 5' oligoadenylate synthase family.  This enzyme is induced by interferons and catalyzes the 2', 5' oligomers of ATP. These oligomers activate latent RNase L, leading to degradation of both viral and endogenous RNA.  This enzyme family plays a significant role in the inhibition of cellular protein synthesis in response to viral infection.
The Inspector's Teeth
"The Inspector's Teeth" is a science fiction short story  by American writer L. Sprague de Camp, part of his Viagens Interplanetarias series. It is the first (chronologically) set on Earth, and a linchpin tale in the sequence, showing how the interstellar political system forming the background of the rest of the series was established. It was first published in the magazine Astounding in the issue for April, 1950. It first appeared in book form in the collection The Continent Makers and Other Tales of the Viagens, published in hardcover by Twayne Publishers in 1953, and in paperback by Signet Books in 1971. It also appeared in The Best of L. Sprague de Camp, (Doubleday, 1978) and Anthropomorphic Aliens: An Interstellar Anthology (FurPlanet Productions, 2014). The story has been translated into Portuguese, Dutch, Italian and German.

Gale (publisher)
Gale is a global provider of research and digital learning resources. The company is based in Farmington Hills, Michigan, United States, west of Detroit. It has been a division of Cengage since 2007.

The company, formerly known as Gale Research and the Gale Group, is active in research and educational publishing for public, academic, and school libraries, and for businesses. The company is known for its full-text magazine and newspaper databases, Gale OneFile (formerly known as Infotrac), and other online databases subscribed by libraries, as well as multi-volume reference works, especially in the areas of religion, history, and social science.

Founded in Detroit, Michigan, in 1954 by Frederick Gale Ruffner Jr., the company was acquired by the International Thomson Organization (later the Thomson Corporation) in 1985 before its 2007 sale to Cengage.