hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Floyd v. City of New York
Floyd, et al. v. City of New York, et al., 959 F. Supp. 2d 540 (S.D.N.Y. 2013), is a set of cases addressing the class action lawsuit filed against the City of New York, Police Commissioner Raymond Kelly, Mayor Michael Bloomberg, and named and unnamed New York City police officers ("Defendants"), alleging that defendants have implemented and sanctioned a policy, practice, and/or custom of unconstitutional stops and frisks by the New York Police Department ("NYPD") on the basis of race and/or national origin, in violation of Section 1983 of title forty-two of the United States Code, the Fourth and Fourteenth Amendments to the United States Constitution, Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, and the Constitution and laws of the State of New York.

United States Code
The United States Code, formally The Code of Laws of the United States of America, is the official codification of the general and permanent federal statutes of the United States. It contains 53 titles organized into numbered sections.

The U.S. Code is published by the U.S. House of Representatives' Office of the Law Revision Counsel. New editions are published every six years, with cumulative supplements issued each year. The official version of these laws appears in the United States Statutes at Large, a chronological, uncodified compilation.
Jarl Axel Wasastjerna
Jarl Axel Wasastjerna  (18 November 1896, in Helsinki – 15 October 1972, in Helsinki) was a Finnish physicist. After his academic career, he worked in industry, received an honorary degree in technology in 1949, and the honorary title of Vuorineuvos in 1957.

Wasastjerna was Professor of Applied Physics at the University of Helsinki from 1925–1946, where he oversaw the dissertation of Eugenie Lisitzin, the first woman to earn a PhD in Finland in 1938. He later became envoy of Finland in Stockholm from 1940 to 1943, Managing Director of United Wool Company from 1948 to 1954, President of the Nordic Union Bank from 1944 1951, and Chairman of the Tampella Executive Board beginning in 1944. He died in 1972.

Vuorineuvos
Vuorineuvos (Finnish: [ˈʋuo̯riˌneu̯ʋos], 'mining councilor', literally Finnish for 'mountain councilor'; Swedish: bergsråd) is both a Finnish honorary title and a historical Swedish role on the Swedish Board of Mines. The Finnish title is granted by the President of Finland to leading figures in industry and commerce. The title is honorary and has no responsibilities and no privileges. All Finnish titles are non-hereditary. The only title of equal rank is valtioneuvos.
Peter Wunstorf
Peter Wunstorf (born July 15, 1959) is a Canadian cinematographer from Edmonton, Alberta. He is most noted for his work on the 1994 film Double Happiness, for which he was a Genie Award nominee for Best Cinematography at the 15th Genie Awards in 1994.

Genie Awards
The Genie Awards were given out annually by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to recognize the best of Canadian cinema from 1980–2012. They succeeded the Canadian Film Awards (1949–1978). In 2013, the Academy merged the Genie Awards with its sister presentation for television, the Gemini Awards, to form the Canadian Screen Awards.

Genie Award candidates were selected from submissions made by the owners of Canadian films or their representatives, based on the criteria laid out in the Genie Rules and Regulations booklet which were distributed to Academy members and industry members. Peer-group juries, assembled from volunteer members of the Academy, met to watch the submissions and select a group of nominees. Academy members then voted on these nominations.
Oghi Tehsil
Oghi is a tehsil of Mansehra District, in the Hazara Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. Its territory largely coincides with the Agror Valley, and its headquarters is the town of Oghi. Oghi tehsil was established in 1986. Prior to that, this area was part of Mansehra Tehsil.

The tehsil is made up of the following union councils: Oghi, Belian, Dilbori, Kathai, Karori, Shamdhara, Shergarh, and Shungli Bandi. In August 2017, the three union councils of Darband, Nika Pani and Shanaya were separated to form the new tehsil of Darband.

Dilborri
Dilbori is a village and union council (an administrative subdivision) of Mansehra District in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It lies in a region  devastated by the 2005 Kashmir earthquake. Swati is the most influential tribe of this area.
Kodki
Kodki is a village, located 11 km west of Bhuj, in Kachchh District in the state of Gujarat, India. It is one of 24 gaams (villages) occupied by the Shree Kutch Leva Patel Community (SKPLC).

Kodki was originally a settlement of Rebari and Maaldharis, (Nomadic tribes, whose main activity is cattle herding). The earliest arrival of Kanbis dates back to 1870s (from dabasiya and Hiranis). Halais and Hiranis were the earliest Kanbis to settle in Kodki and take up agriculture. The original name was Bhavanipur, named after the Maaldhari's family goddess Bhavani Maa.

In 2007, the village had a population of approximately 4,000 people and a total of 600 houses.

Patidar
Patidar (Gujarati: Pāṭīdār), formerly known as Kanbi (Gujarati: Kaṇabī), is an Indian land-owning and peasant caste and community native to Gujarat. The community comprises multiple sub-castes, most prominently the Levas and Kadvas. They form one of the dominant castes in Gujarat. The title of Patidar originally conferred to the land owning aristocratic class of Gujarati Kanbis; however, it was later applied en masse to the entirety of the Kanbi population who lay claim to a land owning identity, partly as a result of land reforms during the British Raj.

According to 2011 Socio Economic and Caste Census their population is approximately 1.5 crores and they form 21.7% of Gujarat's population.
KRAT (Oregon)
KRAT (97.7 FM, "97.7 The Rat") was a radio station licensed to serve the community of Altamont, Oregon, United States. The station, ordered off the air by the FCC in 2009, was last owned by Sandra Soho and the broadcast license was issued in the name of George J. Wade.

Altamont, Oregon
Altamont is a census-designated place (CDP) and unincorporated community in Klamath County, Oregon, United States, southeast of Klamath Falls. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 20,233. All mailing addresses in Altamont are Klamath Falls addresses, although Altamont is outside of the city limits of Klamath Falls.
Benten Daiba
Benten Daiba(弁天台場) was a coastal battery constructed in the late Edo period in what is now Benten-chō(弁天町), Hakodate City, Hokkaido, as one of a group of coastal fortifications built to defend the northern territories of Ezo (modern Hokkaido) against the increasing presence of foreign ships. Initially a small-scale Japanese-style battery, in Bakumatsu(幕末), it was rebuilt as part of coastal defense enhancements following the opening of Hakodate Port to counter foreign vessels entering the port. Subsequently, it became a central component of Hakodate Bay’s defenses and, during the Hakodate War(箱館戦争, Last phase of Boshin War at Oshima peninsula), served as a key defensive facility for the former-shogunate forces(旧幕府軍), engaging in fierce battles with the new government’s naval fleet (see below). It is also known as Benten Misaki Daiba(弁天岬台場), Benten Zaki Daiba(弁天崎台場). The reconstruction was designed by Takeda Ayasaburō(武田 斐三郎).

Hakodate
Hakodate (函館市, Hakodate-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [ha.ko.da.te, ha.ko.da.teꜜ.ɕi]) is a city and port located in Oshima Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. It is the capital city of Oshima Subprefecture. As of January 31, 2024, the city had an estimated population of 239,813 with 138,807 households, and a population density of 354 inhabitants per square kilometre (920/sq mi). The total area is 677.86 square kilometres (261.72 sq mi). The city is the third largest in Hokkaido after Sapporo and Asahikawa.
Kirill Zamarayev
Kirill Ilyich Zamarayev (Russian: Кирилл Ильич Замараев; May 20, 1939 – June 26, 1996) was a Soviet and Russian physical chemist, specialist in the field of catalysis, radiospectroscopy and chemical kinetics in condensed matter.

Chemical kinetics
Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the branch of physical chemistry that is concerned with understanding the rates of chemical reactions. It is different from chemical thermodynamics, which deals with the direction in which a reaction occurs but in itself tells nothing about its rate. Chemical kinetics includes investigations of how experimental conditions influence the speed of a chemical reaction and yield information about the reaction's mechanism and transition states, as well as the construction of mathematical models that also can describe the characteristics of a chemical reaction.
Sad Songs (Say So Much)
"Sad Songs (Say So Much)" is a song by British musician Elton John and lyricist Bernie Taupin. It is the closing track on his eighteenth studio album Breaking Hearts, and was released in 1984 as the lead single. It reached No. 7 on the UK chart and No. 5 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart. The song reached the Top 10 of many countries except in Germany and Italy where it reached the Top 20. The single version of this song appeared on the 1990 box set To Be Continued... and various versions of the 2007 compilation Rocket Man: The Definitive Hits.

The lyrics describe how listening to old blues songs on the radio can help someone who is hurting to feel better.  "When all hope is gone, sad songs say so much."

To Be Continued... (Elton John album)
To Be Continued... is a four-disc box set by British musician Elton John, originally released in the United States on 8 November 1990, and released in the UK in November 1991. The box set was compiled by John and Bernie Taupin that same year. It details John's music from his days with Bluesology to the then-present day.

Aside from hit singles, the box set features deep cuts, unreleased music, fan favourites and live performances in John's career. Four new songs ("Made for Me", "You Gotta Love Someone", "I Swear I Heard the Night Talkin'" and "Easier to Walk Away") were recorded for the box set.
Stirling Silliphant
Stirling Dale Silliphant (January 16, 1918 – April 26, 1996) was an American screenwriter and producer. He is best remembered for his screenplay for In the Heat of the Night, for which he won an Academy Award in 1967, and for creating the television series Naked City, Perry Mason, and Route 66. Other features as screenwriter include the Irwin Allen productions The Towering Inferno and The Poseidon Adventure.

Longstreet (TV series)
Longstreet is an American crime drama that was broadcast on ABC in the 1971–1972 season (see 1971 in television). A 90-minute pilot movie of the same name aired prior to the debut of the series as an ABC Movie of the Week.
Kuwakot, Syangja
Kuwakot, Gandaki  is a Market center in Chapakot Municipality in Syangja District in the Gandaki Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4,580 people living in 759 individual households.

Gandaki Zone
Gandaki zone (Nepali: गण्डकी अञ्चलListenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal, located in the Western Development Region.  It was named Sapta Gandaki after the seven tributaries (Kali Gandaki, Trishuli, Budhi Gandaki, Marsyangdi, Madi, Seti Gandaki, and Daraundi) that make up the Gandaki River. Pokhara served as its regional and zonal headquarter. It was also the birthplace of Bhanubhakta Acharya, first poet of Nepal.

The Gandaki Zone was home to multiple cultures which are unique in themselves. Some, like the Magar and Gurung, have attained fame much like the Gurkha people.
Upper James Street (Hamilton, Ontario)
Upper James Street is an Upper City (mountain) arterial road in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. It starts at the Claremont Access, a mountain-access road in the north, and extends southward towards the John C. Munro Hamilton International Airport where it then changes its name to the Hamilton Port Dover Plank Road, (Highway 6). It is a two-way street throughout.  As with most of the "Upper" streets, their addresses start at roughly the point where their lower counterpart finishes just below the Escarpment and were originally labelled without the "Upper" prefix.

(Note: Highway 6 now uses a new alignment from Highway 403 to south of the Hamilton Airport, connecting with the southerly leg to Caledonia, the Grand River and Port Dover.)

Port Dover
Port Dover is an unincorporated community and former town located in Norfolk County, Ontario, Canada, on the north shore of Lake Erie. It is the site of the recurring Friday the 13th motorcycle rally. Prior to the War of 1812, this community was known as Dover Mills.
Oxymorphazone
Oxymorphazone is an opioid analgesic drug related to oxymorphone. Oxymorphazone is a potent and long acting μ-opioid agonist which binds irreversibly to the receptor, forming a covalent bond which prevents it from detaching once bound. This gives it an unusual pharmacological profile, and while oxymorphazone is only around half the potency of oxymorphone, with higher doses the analgesic effect becomes extremely long lasting, with a duration of up to 48 hours when administered intraventricularly. However, tolerance to analgesia develops rapidly with repeated doses, as chronically activated opioid receptors are rapidly internalised by β-arrestins, similar to the results of non-covalent binding by repeated doses of agonists with extremely high binding affinity such as lofentanil.

Tachyphylaxis
Tachyphylaxis (from Ancient Greek ταχύς, tachys 'rapid', and φύλαξις, phylaxis 'protection') is a medical term describing an acute, sudden decrease in response to a drug after its administration (i.e., a rapid and short-term onset of drug tolerance). It can occur after an initial dose or after a series of small doses. Increasing the dose of the drug may be able to restore the original response.
T. N. De Silva
Major General T. N. De Silva, USP (1939 – ) is a former Sri Lanka Army general, who was the former General Officer Commanding, 21 Division;, Commandant, Sri Lanka Army Volunteer Force, Brigade Commander Armoured Brigade and Director, National Cadet Corps.

Commandant
Commandant (/ˌkɒmənˈdɑːnt/ or /ˌkɒmənˈdænt/; French: [kɔmɑ̃dɑ̃]) is a title often given to the officer in charge of a military (or other uniformed service) training establishment or academy. This usage is common in English-speaking nations. In some countries it may be a military or police rank. It is also often used to refer to the commander of a military prison or prison camp (including concentration camps and prisoner of war camps).
Masahiro Sakumoto
Masahiro Sakumoto (佐久本 昌広, Sakumoto Masahiro; born July 15, 1974) is a Japanese former Nippon Professional Baseball pitcher, and current the third squad pitching coach for the Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB).

He previously played for the Fukuoka Daiei Hawks, the Hanshin Tigers, and the Yokohama BayStars.

Yokohama DeNA BayStars
The Yokohama DeNA BayStars (横浜DeNAベイスターズ, Yokohama Dī-Enu-Ē Beisutāzu) are a professional baseball team in the Central League of Nippon Professional Baseball. Their home field is Yokohama Stadium, located in central Yokohama. The team has been known by several names since becoming a professional team in 1950. It adopted its current name in 2011, when the club was purchased by software company DeNA.
Au Tak
Au Tak (also spelled Au Tack; Chinese: 區德; 1840–1920) or Au Chak-mun (區澤民) was a Hong Kong entrepreneur. He was the proprietor of a furniture shop and the property developers in Central District on Hong Kong Island. He used to be the director of Tung Wah Hospital.

In 1912, Au went into partnership with his son-in-law's father Sir Kai Ho to form a company to develop a piece of land formed by land reclamation in Kowloon Bay. It was planned to build a residential garden estate, but the plan failed and the company went into liquidation in 1924, after both Au and Ho had died. In 1925, the land was taken over by the British Hong Kong Government as the use of the airport.

Tung Wah Hospital
Tung Wah Hospital is a charitable hospital in Hong Kong under the Tung Wah Group of Hospitals. Located above Possession Point at 12 Po Yan Street in Sheung Wan, it is the first hospital established in colonial Hong Kong for the general public in the 1870s.
The Shift (novel)
The Shift is a science-fiction novel by George Michelsen Foy.  It was published in 1996 by the Bantam Spectra division of Doubleday.   In 1997, the book was nominated for the annual Philip K. Dick Award for best original paperback book published in the United States. As of 2025 Foy is on the faculty of the creative writing program of New York University.

Bantam Spectra
Bantam Spectra is the science fiction division of American publishing company  Bantam Books, which is owned by Random House.

According to their website, Spectra publishes "science fiction, fantasy, horror, and speculative novels from recognizable authors". Spectra authors have collectively won 31 such awards in the fields of science fiction and fantasy, and been nominated on 132 occasions. These authors include the following:
Kairuku-Hiri District
Kairuku-Hiri District is a district of Central Province in Papua New Guinea. It is one of the four administrative districts that make up the province, and surrounds the national capital, Port Moresby.

Over half of the population of the Kairuku-Hiri district live in rural communities, and in many areas even basic services are lacking, and public infrastructure including roads, education, health and water supplies are in need of government attention.

Papua New Guinea's national government is working on two significant projects that are likely to commence in the Kairuku-Hiri district in the near future, being the Central City project at Bautama near Port Moresby, and the Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) plant at Papa.

Some features of Kairuku-Hiri include the Hiri Moale Festival, the Kokoda Trail, Rouna Waterfall, Loloata Island Resort and the Mekeo Dancers.

Central Province (Papua New Guinea)
Central Province is a province in Papua New Guinea located on the southern coast of the country. It has a population of 237,016 (2010 census) people and is 29,998 square kilometres (11,582 sq mi) in size. The seat of government of Central Province, which is located within the National Capital District outside the province, is the Port Moresby suburb of Konedobu. On 9 October 2007, the Central Province government announced plans to build a new provincial capital city at Bautama, which lies within Central Province near Port Moresby, although there has been little progress in constructing it.

Whereas Tok Pisin is the main lingua franca in all Papua New Guinean towns, in part of the southern mainland coastal area centred on Central Province, Hiri Motu is a stronger lingua franca (but not in Port Moresby).
EP 1 (Crosses EP)
EP 1 (stylized as EP †) is the first EP by the rock band Crosses. It was recorded at Airport Studios in Los Angeles and self-released on August 2, 2011, in digital format. A low-quality version was made available for free, with higher-quality file types available for US$5. In November 2011, Crosses released a limited edition of the EP, including a colored vinyl 10", USB drive with remixes, and band merchandise.

Self-publishing
Self-publishing is an author-driven publication of any media without the involvement of a third-party publisher. Since the advent of the internet, self-publishing usually depends on digital platforms and print-on-demand technology, ranging from physical books to eBooks. Examples include magazines, print-on-demand books, music albums, pamphlets, brochures, video games, video content, artwork, zines, and web fiction. Self-publishing is an alternative to traditional publishing that has implications for production, cost and revenue, distribution, and public perception.
Saint-Malo-des-Trois-Fontaines
Saint-Malo-des-Trois-Fontaines (French: [sɛ̃ malo de tʁwɑ fɔ̃tɛn]; Breton: Sant-Maloù-an-Teir-Feunteun; "Saint-Malo of the Three Fountains") is a commune in the Morbihan department of Brittany in north-western France. Inhabitants of Saint-Malo-des-Trois-Fontaines are called in French Malouins.

Brittany (administrative region)
Brittany (French: Bretagne [bʁətaɲ] ⓘ; Breton: Breizh [brɛjs]; Gallo: Bertaèyn [bəʁtaɛɲ]) is an administrative region of Metropolitan France, comprising the departments of Côtes-d'Armor, Finistère, Ille-et-Vilaine, and Morbihan. Its capital and largest city is Rennes.

Bordered by the English Channel to the north, the Celtic Sea to the west, and the Atlantic Ocean (Bay of Biscay) to the south, Brittany's neighboring regions are Normandy to the northeast and Pays de la Loire to the southeast. It is one of two regions in Metropolitan France where all departments have direct access to the sea, the other being Corsica.

The region of Brittany is sometimes referred to as "administrative Brittany" in contrast to "historical Brittany" or "cultural Brittany", which also includes the Loire-Atlantique and whose potential reunification with the administrative region has been a subject of debate for decades.
Forever Endeavour
Forever Endeavour is the 13th studio album by Canadian singer-songwriter Ron Sexsmith. It was published in February 2013 under Cooking Vinyl Records, and produced by Mitchell Froom.

The album won the Juno Award for Adult Alternative Album of the Year at the Juno Awards of 2014.

Juno Awards of 2014
The Juno Awards of 2014 honoured Canadian music industry achievements in the latter part of 2012 and in most of 2013. The awards were presented in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, during the weekend of 29–30 March 2014. The main ceremony took place at the MTS Centre and was televised on CTV.
Radljevo
Radljevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Радљево) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Ub municipality, in the Kolubara District of Central Serbia. The village has a population of 611 inhabitants, as of the 2011 census.

Kolubara District
The Kolubara District (Serbian: Колубарски округ, romanized: Kolubarski okrug, pronounced [kɔlǔbarskiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of administrative districts of Serbia. It occupies the central part of western Serbia. According to the 2022 census, it has a population of 154,497 inhabitants. The administrative center of the Kolubara District is the city of Valjevo.
Culham railway station
Culham railway station serves the village of Culham in Oxfordshire, England. It is on the Cherwell Valley Line between Didcot Parkway and Banbury, 56 miles 17 chains (90.5 km) from London Paddington. It is served by local train services provided by Great Western Railway.

The station is just off the A415 road, between the villages of Culham and Clifton Hampden.

It is close to Culham Science Centre, an 80-hectare (200-acre) scientific research site housing two nuclear fusion experiments: JET and MAST. The Science Centre was built on the site of RNAS Culham (HMS Hornbill), a World War II airfield.

Culham Centre for Fusion Energy
The Culham Centre for Fusion Energy (CCFE) is the UK's national laboratory for fusion research. It is located at the Culham Science Centre, near Culham, Oxfordshire, and is the site of the Mega Ampere Spherical Tokamak (MAST) and the now closed Joint European Torus (JET) and Small Tight Aspect Ratio Tokamak (START).

Formerly known as UKAEA Culham, the laboratory was renamed in October 2009 as part of organisational changes at its parent body, the United Kingdom Atomic Energy Authority (UKAEA).

From 2016 to 2025, the director was Professor Ian Chapman, and the centre has been engaged in work towards the final detailed design of ITER as well as preparatory work in support of DEMOnstration Power Plant (DEMO).

In 2014 it was announced the centre would house the new Remote Applications in Challenging Environments (RACE).