hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Richard R. Coffman
Richard "Ross" Coffman is a retired United States Army lieutenant general who last served as the deputy commanding general for combat development of United States Army Futures Command from 2022 to 2024. He previously served as director of the Next Generation Combat Vehicle Cross Functional Team from August 2018 to August 2022. Coffman attended Harvard University, Embry Riddle University, and Centre College.

Next Generation Combat Vehicle
The Next Generation Combat Vehicle (NGCV) is a United States Army program intended to procure a variety of armored vehicles to add new capabilities to Army units and replace existing platforms that are nearing the end of their service life. The program covers the following systems:

Armored Multi-Purpose Vehicle (AMPV), the replacement for the M113.

XM30 Mechanized Infantry Combat Vehicle (MICV), the replacement for the M2 Bradley IFV, formerly known as the Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV)

Mobile Protected Firepower (MPF), fire support vehicle for Infantry Brigade Combat Teams (IBCTs), that resulted in the currently abandoned M10 Booker.

Robotic Combat Vehicle (RCV), three unmanned ground vehicles in light, medium, and heavy configurations.

Decisive Lethality Platform (DLP), the replacement for the M1 Abrams main battle tank.
Immigration Act of 1917
The Immigration Act of 1917, or the Burnett Act, was a United States Act that aimed to restrict immigration by imposing literacy tests on immigrants, creating new categories of inadmissible persons, and barring immigration from the Asia–Pacific region. The most sweeping immigration act the United States had passed until then was the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 in marking a turn toward nativism. The 1917 act governed immigration policy until it was amended by the Immigration Act of 1924; both acts were revised by the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952.

50th meridian east
The meridian 50° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Asia, Africa, the Indian Ocean, Madagascar, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.

The 50th meridian east forms a great circle with the 130th meridian west.
Unified Font Object
The Unified Font Object (UFO) is an XML-based source file format for digital fonts. It was created by Tal Leming, Just van Rossum and Erik van Blokland. Contributors to the format also include Ben Kiel and Frederik Berlaen. According to its creators, the UFO is a "future proof" open format that is designed to be "application independent", "human readable and human editable".

Open file format
An open file format is a file format for storing digital data, defined by an openly published specification usually maintained by a standards organization, and which can be used and implemented by anyone. An open file format is licensed with an open license.

For example, an open format can be implemented by both proprietary and free and open-source software, using the typical software licenses used by each. In contrast to open file formats, closed file formats are considered trade secrets.

Depending on the definition, the specification of an open format may require a fee to access or, very rarely, contain other restrictions. The range of meanings is similar to that of the term open standard.
Cedar Lake (McLeod and Meeker counties, Minnesota)
Cedar Lake is a lake in McLeod and Meeker counties, in the U.S. state of Minnesota.

Cedar Lake was named for the red cedar trees near the lake.
Although Cedar Lake is a large lake (1,860 acres) it is also quite shallow lake reaching only 8 feet (2.4 m) deep. The bottom of the lake consists of silt and detritus and has abundant curly-leaf pondweed in the spring months before it dies back in July. The lake has a history of winterkill and there is fish migration from nearby Belle Lake. The lake has abundant common carp and black bullheads as well as moderate numbers of northern pike and black crappie.

Black crappie
The black crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus) is a freshwater fish in the sunfish family (Centrarchidae). It is endemic to North America, one of the two types of crappies. It is very similar to the white crappie (P. annularis) in size, shape, and habits, except that it is darker, with a pattern of black spots. Alternate names for the species include calico bass, speck, speckled perch, speckled bass, moonfish, grass bass, strawberry bass, shiner, crappie, oswego bass, sac-a-lait, and marigane noire.
Big Four House
The Big Four Building is a historic 19th-century building in Downtown Sacramento, California. It is now located within Old Sacramento State Historic Park and the Old Sacramento National Historic District.

Downtown Sacramento
Downtown Sacramento is the central business district of the city of Sacramento, California, United States. Downtown is generally defined as the area south of the American River, east of the Sacramento River, north of Broadway, and west of 16th Street. The central business district is generally defined as north of R Street, south of H Street, east of the Sacramento River, and west of 16th Street.
HD 92845
HD 92845 (HR 4194) is a probable astrometric binary in the southern constellation Antlia. It has an apparent magnitude of 5.62, allowing it to be faintly seen with the naked eye. Parallax measurements place the system at a distance of 790 light years and it is currently receding with a heliocentric radial velocity of 4.5 km/s.

HD 92845 has a stellar classification of A0 V, indicating that it is an ordinary A-type main-sequence star. However, stellar evolution models from Zorec and Royer reveal it to be a subgiant that has just left the main sequence. It has 3.1 times the mass of the Sun but has expanded to an enlarged radius of 5.31 R☉. It radiates with a luminosity 206 times greater than the Sun from its photosphere at an effective temperature of 9,376 K, giving a white hue. At an age of 282 million years, HD 92845 spins quickly with a projected rotational velocity of 81 km/s.

There is an optical companion 17″ away along a position angle of 214° as of 1999.

Stellar rotation
Stellar rotation is the angular motion of a star about its axis. The rate of rotation can be measured from the spectrum of the star, or by timing the movements of active features on the surface.

The rotation of a star produces an equatorial bulge due to centrifugal force. As stars are not solid bodies, they can also undergo differential rotation. Thus the equator of the star can rotate at a different angular velocity than the higher latitudes. These differences in the rate of rotation within a star may have a significant role in the generation of a stellar magnetic field.

In its turn, the magnetic field of a star interacts with the stellar wind. As the wind moves away from the star its angular speed decreases. The magnetic field of the star interacts with the wind, which applies a drag to the stellar rotation. As a result, angular momentum is transferred from the star to the wind, and over time this gradually slows the star's rate of rotation.
Tansholpan Jumadilova
Tansholpan Jumadilova (born 18 July 1998) is a Kazakhstani handball player for Kazygurt Handball and the Kazakhstani national team.

She represented Kazakhstan at the 2019 World Women's Handball Championship.

2019 World Women's Handball Championship
The 2019 IHF World Women's Handball Championship, the 24th event hosted by the International Handball Federation, was held in Japan from 30 November to 15 December 2019.

The Netherlands won their first title after defeating Spain in the final. The final was decided on a controversial penalty decision, when Ainhoa Hernandez blocked the Dutch goalkeeper's pass stopping a potential counter with seconds to go.
Carlos Serrey
Carlos Serrey Dávila (26 August 1873 – ?) was an Argentine Conservative politician.

Serrey served as a member of the Argentine Chamber of Deputies and Argentine Senate for his home province of Salta, and was elected to preside both bodies.

Serrey first served as Senator between 1906 and 1907, finishing the term of the deceased Francisco Uriburu. He returned to the Senate in 1925, serving until it was dissolved by the coup of 1943.

Serrey proposed the 1936 Law 11627, known as the "Serrey Law", which expropriated the historic Cabildo of Salta which was recovered and re-opened as the Historical Museum of the North, and declared a National Historical Monument in 1946.

Cabildo (council)
A cabildo (Spanish pronunciation: [kaˈβildo]) or ayuntamiento (Spanish: [aʝuntaˈmjento]) was a Spanish colonial and early postcolonial administrative council that governed a municipality. Cabildos were sometimes appointed, sometimes elected, but were considered to be representative of all land-owning heads of household (vecinos). The colonial cabildo was essentially the same as the one that was developed in medieval Castile.

The word cabildo has the same Latin root (capitulum) as the English word chapter and in fact is also the Spanish word for a cathedral chapter. Historically, the term ayuntamiento was often preceded by the word excelentísimo (English: "most excellent") as a style of office in referring to the council. That phrase is often abbreviated Exc.mo Ay.to
János Parti
János Parti (24 October 1932 – 6 March 1999) was a Hungarian sprint canoeist. He competed in singles at the 1952, 1956 and 1960 Olympics and won one gold and two silver medals. He also won a gold medal in the C-1 1000 m event at the 1954 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships in Mâcon.

1954 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1954 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Mâcon, France. This event was held under the auspices of the International Canoe Federation.

The men's competition consisted of four Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Two events were held for the women, both in kayak. The type or number of events held at the championships remained unchanged from the previous championships.

This was the fourth championships in canoe sprint.
KOKO-LP
KOKO-LP (96.3 FM, "96.3 KOKO FM") is a radio station licensed to serve the community of Hana, Hawaii. The station is owned by KOKO FM and airs a Hawaiian music format.

The station was assigned the KOKO-LP call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on February 10, 2015.

Hāna, Hawaii
Hāna is a census-designated place (CDP) in Maui County, Hawaii, United States. The population was 1,526 at the 2020 census. Hāna is located at the eastern end of the island of Maui and is one of the most isolated communities in the state. It is reached mainly via the Hana Highway, a long, winding, 52-mile-long (84 km) highway along Maui's northern shore, via boat, and with commercial air service to Hana Airport.
2011 Australian Open – Mixed doubles
Cara Black and Leander Paes were the defending champions, but they lost in the second round to Chan Yung-jan and Paul Hanley.

Katarina Srebotnik and Daniel Nestor won the mixed doubles title at the 2011 Australian Open, defeating Chan and Hanley in the final 6–3, 3–6, [10–7].

Cara Black
Cara Cavell Black (born 17 February 1979) is a Zimbabwean former professional tennis player. Black was primarily a doubles specialist, winning 60 WTA Tour and 11 ITF doubles titles. A former doubles world No. 1, she won ten major titles. By winning the 2010 Australian Open mixed doubles title, Black became the third woman in the Open Era to complete the career Grand Slam in mixed doubles (after Martina Navratilova and Daniela Hantuchová). Having also won one singles title on the WTA Tour, Black peaked at world No. 31 in the singles rankings in March 1999.
Carmen querida
Carmen Querida is a Venezuelan telenovela written by Alberto Barrera Tyszka for RCTV and broadcast in 1990. The telenovela lasted 167 episodes and was distributed internationally by RCTV International.

Marialejandra Martín and Carlos Montilla starred as the main protagonists.

RCTV International
RCTV International (formerly known as Coral Pictures or Coral International) is a subsidiary of Empresas 1BC. It was formed in Miami, Florida in 1982 as Coral Pictures to be the international distributor of RCTV's productions.

In 1986, the company had bought out the assets of Ziv International from Lorimar-Telepictures for an undisclosed price, in exchange, L-T received a minority 20% stake in the two Puerto Rico stations owned by RCTV.

RCTV moved to cable in 2007 after the Venezuelan government of Hugo Chavez refused to renew its terrestrial license. In 2010, Venezuelan President Hugo Chavez had taken six cable television channels off the air, including RCTV International, for breaking a law on transmitting government material. The government had urged cable services to drop channels ignoring the rules.
Dickie Fitz
Dickie Fitz was a restaurant in a former pub at 48 Newman Street on the corner with Goodge Street in the City of Westminster, London. It closed in June 2017. It had traded under that name for about one year as an Australian-themed restaurant but had previously been the home to restaurants Ping Pong and the Newman Street Tavern.

It was built in 1899 on a site where there has been a pub since the 1780s. Previous pub names include The Oxford and Cambridge, The Cambridge Stores, The Cambridge Arms, and Garrick's Head. The "Cambridge coffee house" is recorded on the site in local directories of 1841 and 1856.

Goodge Street tube station
Goodge Street (/ˈɡuːdʒ ˌstriːt/) is a London Underground station. It is located on Tottenham Court Road in Fitzrovia, in the London Borough of Camden. The station is on the Charing Cross branch of the Northern line, between Warren Street and Tottenham Court Road stations. It is in London fare zone 1.
Dolarrai Mankad
Dolarrai Mankad (Hindi: डोलरराय मांकद; Gujarati: ડોલરરાય માંકડ; 23 January 1902 – 29 August 1970), full name Dolarrai Rangildas Mankad, was a Gujarati educator, critic, researcher and poet who won the 1964 Sahitya Akademi Award for Gujarati language for his essay Naivedya. He was the first vice-chancellor of Saurashtra University.

Saurashtra University
Saurashtra University is a conventional state university located in Rajkot, Gujarat, India.  This university was established by The Saurashtra University Act of the Gujarat Legislative Assembly in the year 1965.
1989 U.S. Pro Tennis Championships – Doubles
Jorge Lozano and Todd Witsken were the defending champions, but none competed this year. Lozano opted to rest in order to compete in the Davis Cup the following week, while Witsken chose to compete at Gstaad during the same week, winning that title.

Andrés Gómez and Alberto Mancini won the title by defeating Todd Nelson and Phil Williamson 7–6, 6–2 in the final.

Andrés Gómez
Andrés Gómez Santos (Latin American Spanish: [anˈdɾes ˈɣomes ˈsantos]; born 27 February 1960) is an Ecuadorian former professional tennis player. He was ranked as high as world No. 4 in singles and world No. 1 in doubles. Gómez won 21 singles titles and 33 doubles titles during his career, including a singles major at the 1990 French Open, and two doubles majors at the 1986 US Open and the 1988 French Open.

Andrés Gómez is the current director of the Guayaquil Challenger and the former director of the Salinas Challenger.
Chirk Viaduct
The Chirk Viaduct (Welsh: Traphont y Waun) is a Grade II* listed railway viaduct over the River Ceiriog between England and Wales. The viaduct carries the Shrewsbury–Chester line from the Welsh town of Chirk in historic Denbighshire from the north to the English village of Chirk Bank in Weston Rhyn, Shropshire to the south. To the east, the Chirk Aqueduct lies parallel to the railway viaduct.

Weston Rhyn
Weston Rhyn is a large village and civil parish in Shropshire, England. It lies between the towns of Chirk, in Wales, and Oswestry, in England.

The civil parish, which also includes Bronygarth, Pentre-Newydd and a number of small hamlets, had a total population of 2,668 at the 2001 census, rising to 2,850 at the 2011 Census.
V. Yuvaraj
V. Yuvaraj (born 1964) is an Indian politician from Tamil Nadu who belongs to Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam. He contested 2009 Lok Sabha elections from Chennei North.

He contested 2014 Lok Sabha elections from Thiruvallur (Lok Sabha constituency) as DMDK / NDA candidate.

Tiruvallur Lok Sabha constituency
Thiruvallur Lok Sabha constituency is a newly formed Lok Sabha (Parliament of India) constituency after the 2008 delimitation. Its Tamil Nadu Parliamentary Constituency number is 1 of 39. It was formed after merging the assembly segments of Gummidipoondi, Ponneri (SC), Tiruvallur, and Poonamallee (SC), Madhavaram, which were earlier parts of Sriperumbudur constituency and the newly formed Avadi.

The constituency had previously existed for three elections from 1951 to 1962.

It is reserved for Scheduled Castes (SC).
Hongkongers in Britain (association)
Hongkongers in Britain (Chinese: 英國港僑協會, HKB) is a Hongkonger expatriate association based in the United Kingdom that was established to unite the people of Hong Kong in the UK, and build an alliance with the international Hongkongers community. It was founded by a group of pro-democracy Hongkongers and activists including former British consulate officer Simon Cheng.

The group aims to offer a platform for Hongkongers to support each other, such as advising on setting up businesses, enabling them to rebuild their lives in the UK and nurture a community spirit. It also calls for expansion of the rights of British National (Overseas) passport holders through lobbying with the government, while promoting the Hong Kong culture in Britain.

Simon Cheng
Simon Cheng Man-kit (Chinese: 鄭文傑; born 10 October 1990) is a Hong Kong activist. He was formerly a trade and investment officer at the British Consulate-General in Hong Kong. Cheng was detained by Chinese authorities in August 2019 in West Kowloon station when he returned from a business trip in Shenzhen. Chinese government agents tortured Cheng to induce his confession on video that he was a British spy who was involved in instigating the 2019 Hong Kong protests. Cheng subsequently fled to London and was granted asylum in June 2020.
25th General Assembly of Newfoundland
The members of the 25th General Assembly of Newfoundland were elected in the Newfoundland general election held in May 1923. The general assembly sat from 1923 to 1924.

The Liberal Reform Party, an alliance between the Liberals and the Fishermen's Protective Union, formed the government. Richard Squires served as Newfoundland's prime minister until July 1923 when he resigned as prime minister after his government was accused of misuse of public funds. William Warren succeeded Squires as government leader but his government was defeated by a motion of no confidence in April 1924. A new government led by Albert Hickman was formed bringing together some Liberal Reform MHAs and some MHAs from other parties to form the Liberal-Progressive Party which governed as a caretaker administration for 33 days until the general election held in June 1924.

Harry A. Winter served as speaker.

Sir William Allardyce served as governor of Newfoundland.

William Allardyce
Sir William Lamond Allardyce, GCMG (14 November 1861 – 9 June 1930) was a career British civil servant in the Colonial Office who served as governor of Fiji (1901–1902), the Falkland Islands (1904–1914), Bahamas (1914–1920), Tasmania (1920–1922), and Newfoundland (1922–1928).
2011 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships – Women's 500 m
The women's 500 meter at the 2011 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships took place in Heerenveen at the Thialf ice skating rink on Friday 5 November 2010. Although this edition was held in 2010, it was part of the 2010–2011 speed skating season.

There were 22 participants who raced twice over 500m so that all skaters had to start once in the inner lane and once in the outer lane. There was a qualification selection incentive for the next following 2010–11 ISU Speed Skating World Cup tournaments.

Title holder was Annette Gerritsen.

Annette Gerritsen
Annette Albertine Gerritsen (born 11 October 1985) is a Dutch former speed skater. She specialised in the 500 m and 1000 m distances, and won a silver medal in the 1000 metres at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver. She is the current Dutch junior record holder in the 500 m (38.57) and her personal best (1.16.14) used to be the world junior record. She also holds the world junior record with her Dutch teammates in the team pursuit (3.12.37).
Larry Santana
Larry Santana (born 1962 in Ramu Valley, Papua New Guinea) is a Papua New Guinean painter.

Larry's original surname was 'Mike' i.e. Larry Mike and he studied under that name at the Goroka School of Art and Design in 1979. One of his painting tutors at that time was New Zealander Roger Smith. Another was Willi Stevens, who designed the Papua New Guinean currency.

Santana's paintings often depicts topics related to modernity, tradition and social alienation. His 1988 self-portrait was entitled Struggle and Pain at the Six Mile Dump. Among his other works, Santana was commissioned to embellish Port Moresby Airport. In 1996, he painted the murals of the ANZAC Memorial in Port Moresby, where he currently lives. His work has been displayed in international exhibitions in Belgium and the United States.

Santana's art was featured on the cover of the eighteenth edition of The Contemporary Pacific, in autumn 2006.

Australian and New Zealand Army Corps
The Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) was originally a First World War army corps of the British Empire under the command of the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force. It was formed in Egypt in December 1914, and operated during the Gallipoli campaign. General William Birdwood commanded the corps, which primarily consisted of troops from the First Australian Imperial Force and 1st New Zealand Expeditionary Force, although there were also British and Indian units attached at times throughout the campaign. The corps disbanded in 1916, following the Allied evacuation of the Gallipoli peninsula and the formation of I ANZAC Corps and II ANZAC Corps. The corps was re-established, briefly, in the Second World War during the Battle of Greece in 1941.

The term 'ANZAC' has been used since for joint Australian–New Zealand units of different sizes.
Alpines
Alpines is a British duo based in Kingston upon Thames in South London, made up of Bob Matthews (guitar and production) and Catherine Pockson (pianist, singer and songwriter). Since forming in 2010, the band has toured and supported The Naked and Famous, Emeli Sandé and Florence and the Machine at the Alexandra Palace on 10 March 2012. Alpines released their debut album, Oasis on 26 May 2014 and their second album, Another River on 28 October 2016. Their third album, Full Bloom was released on their own record label Untrue Records, on 16 November 2018.

South London
South London is the southern part of London, England, mostly south of the River Thames. The region consists of the boroughs, in whole or in part, of Bexley, Bromley, Croydon, Greenwich, Kingston, Lambeth, Lewisham, Merton, Richmond, Southwark, Sutton and Wandsworth.

South London originally emerged from Southwark, first recorded as Suthriganaweorc, meaning 'fort of the men of Surrey'. From Southwark, London then extended further down into northern Surrey and western Kent.
Virginian militia
The Virginia militia is an armed force composed of all citizens of the Commonwealth of Virginia capable of bearing arms.  The Virginia militia was established in 1607 as part of the English militia system. Militia service in Virginia was compulsory for all free males. The main purpose of the Crown's militia was to repel invasions and insurrections and to enforce the laws of the colony.

Militia (British Empire)
The Militia of the British Dominions, Self-Governing Colonies, and Crown Colonies were the principal military forces of the dominions and the self-governing colonies (those with elected local legislatures) and crown colonies (those without elected local legislatures, and ruled directly by its appointed governors and councils) of the British Empire.