hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Helmut Mertens
Helmut Mertens (also known as "Pitt") (11 November 1917 – 17 January 1984) was a German fighter ace of World War II. He was born in Essen and served in the Luftwaffe as a career fighter pilot who served in the Battle of France, Battle of Britain, the invasion of Russia Operation Barbarossa and on the Western Front in the Defence of the Reich. His victory tally as a fighter pilot is reported as high as ninety-seven or as few as fifty-four aircraft confirmed shot down.

German Cross
The War Order of the German Cross (German: Der Kriegsorden Deutsches Kreuz), normally abbreviated to the German Cross or Deutsches Kreuz, was instituted by Adolf Hitler on 28 September 1941. It was awarded in two divisions: in gold for repeated acts of bravery or military leadership; and in silver for distinguished non-combat war service. The German Cross in Gold ranked higher than the Iron Cross First Class but below the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, while the German Cross in Silver ranked higher than the War Merit Cross First Class with Swords but below the Knight's Cross of the War Merit Cross with Swords.
Coedyfoel
Coedyfoel is a small village in the community of Llandysul, Ceredigion, Wales, which is 62.8 miles (101 km) from Cardiff and 182.3 miles (293.4 km) from London. Coedyfoel is represented in the Senedd by Elin Jones (Plaid Cymru) and is part of the Ceredigion Preseli constituency in the House of Commons.

House of Commons
The House of Commons is the name for the elected lower house of the bicameral parliaments of the United Kingdom and Canada. In both of these countries, the Commons holds much more legislative power than the upper house of parliament, which is nominally superior. The leader of the majority party in the House of Commons by convention becomes the prime minister. Other parliaments have also had a lower house called the "House of Commons".
2005 Israeli Labor Party leadership election
A leadership election was held by the Israeli Labor Party on 9 November 2005. Chairman of the Histadrut Trade union Amir Peretz defeated Deputy Prime Minister and incumbent leader of the party Shimon Peres.

Amram Mitzna
Amram Mitzna (Hebrew: עמרם מצנע; born 20 February 1945) is an Israeli politician and former general in the IDF. He is a former mayor of Haifa (1993–2003) and Yeruham (2005–2010) and led the Labor Party from 2002 to 2003. In 2012 he joined Hatnuah.
Native Americans on Network TV
Native Americans on Network TV: Stereotypes, Myths, and the "Good Indian" (2013) is a book by Michael Ray FitzGerald, PhD, about American Indian characters on U.S. television.

FitzGerald argues that the most notable (i.e., long-running) characters, such as Tonto (The Lone Ranger), Cochise (Broken Arrow), Mingo (Daniel Boone), and Cordell Walker (Walker, Texas Ranger) have been those who enforced Euro-American norms. The book examines the traditional role of stereotypes and their functions in the rhetoric of colonialism, offering a critical analysis of images of the "Good Indian"—minority figures who enforce the dominant group's norms. All of these, FitzGerald argues, are variations of Defoe's Carib character Friday from his 1719 novel Robinson Crusoe.

Stereotype
In social psychology, a stereotype is a generalized belief about a particular category of people. It is an expectation that people might have about every person of a particular group. The type of expectation can vary; it can be, for example, an expectation about the group's personality, preferences, appearance or ability. Stereotypes make information processing easier by allowing the perceiver to rely on previously stored knowledge in place of incoming information. Stereotypes are often faulty, inaccurate, and resistant to new information. Although stereotypes generally have negative implications, they are not necessarily so; they may be positive, neutral, or negative. They can be broken down into two categories: explicit stereotypes, which are conscious, and implicit stereotypes, which are subconscious.
Brabant-en-Argonne
Brabant-en-Argonne (French pronunciation: [bʁabɑ̃ ɑ̃.n‿aʁɡɔn], literally Brabant in Argonne) is a commune in the Meuse department in Grand Est in northeastern France.

This commune was merged with Récicourt 1 January 1973. It was then re-established as a commune on 1 January 2004.

Meuse (department)
Meuse (French pronunciation: [møz] ⓘ) is a department in northeast France, named after the River Meuse. Meuse is part of the current region of Grand Est and is landlocked and borders by the French departments of Ardennes, Marne, Haute-Marne, Vosges, Meurthe-et-Moselle, and Belgium to the north. Parts of Meuse belong to Parc naturel régional de Lorraine. It had a population of 184,083 in 2019. Front lines in trench warfare during World War I ran varying courses through the department and it hosted an important battle/offensive in 1916 in and around Verdun.
Thiếu Sơn
Thiếu Sơn (1908–1978), birth name: Lê Sĩ Quý, was a Vietnamese writer, journalist, literary critic and revolutionary.

As a literary critics, he was known for his magnum opus Phê bình và cảo luận (Criticism and rough dissertation) (1933). He was considered the pioneer of literary criticism using the Vietnamese alphabet, and also pioneer of personality reviews of notable writers.

During the Indochina War and Vietnam War, he worked as a leftist activist who supported the resistance effort of Democratic Republic of Vietnam against the invasion of France and United States.

Masterpiece
A masterpiece, magnum opus (Latin for 'great work'), or chef-d'œuvre (French for 'master of work'; pl. chefs-d'œuvre; French: [ʃɛ.d‿œvʁ]) is a creation that has been given much critical praise, especially one that is considered the greatest work of a person's career or a work of outstanding creativity, skill, profundity, or workmanship.

Historically, a "masterpiece" was a work of a very high standard produced by an apprentice to obtain full membership, as a "master", of a craft guild or academy in various areas of the visual arts and crafts.
Stochastic variance reduction
(Stochastic) variance reduction is an algorithmic approach to minimizing functions that can be decomposed into finite sums. By exploiting the finite sum structure, variance reduction techniques are able to achieve convergence rates that are impossible to achieve with methods that treat the objective as an infinite sum, as in the classical Stochastic approximation setting.

Variance reduction approaches are widely used for training machine learning models such as logistic regression and support vector machines as these problems have finite-sum structure and uniform conditioning that make them ideal candidates for variance reduction.

Proximal operator
In mathematical optimization, the proximal operator is an operator associated with a proper, lower semi-continuous convex function  from a Hilbert space 
to , and is defined by:

For any function in this class, the minimizer of the right-hand side above is unique, hence making the proximal operator well-defined. The proximal operator  is used in proximal gradient methods, which is frequently used in optimization algorithms associated with non-differentiable optimization problems such as total variation denoising.
Ljugarn
Ljugarn (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈjʉ̂ːɡɑːɳ]) is a locality on the Swedish island of Gotland, with 200 inhabitants in 2014. It is located at the east coast of the island in Ardre south of Slite. It is regarded as a popular and quiet area as well as holiday village for tourists and vacationers. Ljugarn is the oldest seaside resort in Gotland, and was formerly a port, fishing village, pilot station and the county seat of Ljugarn County. The 1.5 km (0.93 mi) long flat sandy beach, one of the longest in Gotland, is visited throughout the year. Since the early 20th century the village has had pensions, restaurants, hostels, coffee-shops and a grocery store.

Urban areas in Sweden
An urban area or tätort (lit. 'dense locality') in Sweden has a minimum of 200 inhabitants and may be a city, town or larger village. It is a purely statistical concept, not defined by any municipal or county boundaries. Larger urban areas synonymous with cities or towns (Swedish: stad for both terms) for statistical purposes have a minimum of 10,000 inhabitants. The same statistical definition is also used for urban areas in the other Nordic countries.

In 2018, there were nearly two thousand urban areas in Sweden, which were inhabited by 87% of the Swedish population.

Urban area is a common English translation of the Swedish term tätort. The official term in English used by Statistics Sweden is, however, "locality" (Swedish: ort). It could be compared with "census-designated places" in the United States.
Levocardia
Levocardia refers to the most common location of the human heart, on the left side of the thoracic cavity. This is opposed to dextrocardia, in which the heart is in the right side. Neither levocardia nor dextrocardia is indicative of the orientation of the visceral organs, which can be in situs solitus, where the remainder of the organs are on normal side as well; or situs inversus, in which the viscera (stomach, liver, intestines, lungs, etc.) are on the opposite side as normal. The latter condition may or may not be associated with clinically relevant abnormalities.

Dextrocardia
Dextrocardia (from Latin  dextro 'right hand side' and Greek  kardia 'heart') is a rare congenital condition in which the apex of the heart is located on the right side of the body, rather than the more typical placement towards the left. There are two main types of dextrocardia:  dextrocardia of embryonic arrest (also known as isolated dextrocardia) and dextrocardia situs inversus.  Dextrocardia situs inversus is further divided.
Plaxton Beaver
The Plaxton Beaver, originally known as the Reeve Burgess Beaver, is a minibus body built by Plaxton. It was built at the Pilsley, Derbyshire factory of Plaxton's Reeve Burgess subsidiary from 1987 to 1991, at Plaxton's main Scarborough factory from 1991, and from 1995 at Anston in South Yorkshire.

The Beaver has been built mainly on Mercedes-Benz van-derived minibus chassis such as the 709D and 811D, and was also built on the Renault S56 and S75 until 1992. Rare examples were also built on Iveco 49.10 chassis.

The Beaver 2, built on Mercedes-Benz Vario chassis, replaced the original Beaver in December 1996, and was still in production in 2007. In 2006 Plaxton launched the Beaver 3, the Beaver 2 body combined with the front end of a Plaxton Cheetah.

Anston
Anston is a civil parish in South Yorkshire, England, formally known as North and South Anston. The parish of Anston consists of the settlements of North Anston and South Anston, divided by the Anston Brook.
Glutaconate CoA-transferase
In enzymology, a glutaconate CoA-transferase (EC 2.8.3.12) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

acetyl-CoA + (E)-glutaconate  acetate + glutaconyl-1-CoA

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are acetyl-CoA and (E)-glutaconate, whereas its two products are acetate and glutaconyl-1-CoA.

This enzyme belongs to the family of transferases, specifically the CoA-transferases.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is acetyl-CoA:(E)-glutaconate CoA-transferase. This enzyme participates in styrene degradation and butanoate metabolism.

Butyric acid
Butyric acid (/bjuːˈtɪrɪk/; from Ancient Greek: βούτῡρον, meaning "butter"), also known under the systematic name butanoic acid, is a straight-chain alkyl fatty acid with the chemical formula CH3CH2CH2COOH. It is an oily, colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor. Isobutyric acid (2-methylpropanoic acid) is an isomer. Salts and esters of butyric acid are known as butyrates or butanoates. The acid does not occur widely in nature, but its esters are widespread. It is a common industrial chemical and an important component in the mammalian gut.
Korouhanba
Korouhanba (Manipuri: ꯀꯣꯔꯧꯍꯟꯕ) is the God of the Sun, the Sky and the Heaven in Sanamahism, the indigenous religion of Manipur. He is also known as Taohuireng and is one of the two sun brothers in the Numit Kappa epic legend. He is also called Ngantureng because of his ability to remove darkness. He is described as "Songbu Chiraitangba" — a physician who is bald headed.

Numit Kappa
Numit Kappa (Manipuri: ꯅꯨꯃꯤꯠ ꯀꯥꯞꯄ) is an ancient Meitei language mythological epic literary work. The work is believed to be written around or before 33 AD. 
It is written in the form of partial poetry and partial prose.

The epic work is still considered to be the oldest known epic account in Meitei literature.
Mount Edgecombe Trophy
The Mount Edgecombe Trophy was a golf tournament that was played on the Sunshine Tour. Formed in 1993, it included a deep international field of not only Africans, but drawing names like Vijay Singh, whose best finish in the event was a tie for 3rd in 1993. It was one of the richest purses on the Sunshine Tour at the time with a first place winners share of R 71,100. The inaugural champion was Retief Goosen. The 1994 champion was Bruce Vaughan, the first American to win the event.

Sunshine Tour
The Sunshine Tour is a men's professional golf tour based in Southern and East Africa. For much of its early history it was known either as the Southern Africa Tour or Sunshine Circuit; through sponsorship deals, it has also been known as the FNB Tour and the Vodacom Tour. For the 2000–01 season the tour rebranded itself as the Sunshine Tour in an attempt to broaden its appeal. A large majority of the tour events are still staged in South Africa.
Ergeta archaeological site
The Ergeta archaeological site (Georgian: ერგეტის არქეოლოგიური ძეგლები) is a multi-period complex situated in the village of Ergeta, within Zugdidi Municipality in western Georgia. It preserves a rich, stratified record of human occupation in ancient Colchis, spanning more than two millennia. Since systematic excavations began in 1978, archaeologists have identified over twenty settlement mounds — locally known as dikhagudzuba — providing evidence of continuous cultural activity from the early 2nd millennium BCE through the Hellenistic period.

Discoveries include timber-framed dwellings from the Bronze Age, lavishly equipped cemeteries from the Early Iron Age, and a Hellenistic settlement featuring both locally produced and imported artifacts. The site's diverse material culture — from agricultural tools and domestic pottery to scarabs and luxury imports — underscores Ergeta's significance as both a regional hub and a link in far-reaching Eurasian and Mediterranean exchange networks.

Zugdidi Municipality
Zugdidi (Georgian: ზუგდიდის მუნიციპალიტეტი) is a Municipality of Georgia, in the region of Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti. Zugdidi Municipality is located in the central part of western Georgia, and has an area of 692 square kilometres (267 sq mi). Its western border follows the Black Sea coast (Ganmukhuri, Anaklia), the administrative strip of Abkhazia (Gali district) in the northwest, Tsalenjikha Municipality in the north and northeast, and it borders Chkhorotsqu Municipality and Khobi Municipality to the south. Zugdidi is the administrative center of both Zugdidi Municipality and Samegrelo Zemo-Svaneti region. Between 2014 and 2017 the city of Zugdidi was separated from the municipality and was a so-called "self-governed" city (or kalaki), but this administrative and governance reform was deemed too inefficient and expensive.
WALS
WALS (102.1 FM) is an American radio station broadcasting a country music format. Licensed to Oglesby, Illinois, United States, the station serves the LaSalle-Peru area. Branded as WALLS 102, the station is owned by Shaw Media, through licensee Shaw Local Radio Co., after being previously owned by Studstill Media/Laco Radio until April 2023. The flagship program is "The Morning Show with Dani" weekday mornings.

La Salle, Illinois
La Salle or LaSalle is a city in LaSalle County, Illinois, United States, located at the intersection of Interstates 39 and 80. It is part of the Ottawa, IL Micropolitan Statistical Area. Originally platted in 1837 over one square mile (2.6 square kilometers), the city's boundaries have grown to 12 sq mi (31 km2). Named in honor of 17th century Illinois valley explorer, the Sieur de La Salle, city boundaries extend from the Illinois River and Illinois and Michigan Canal to a mile north of Interstate 80 and from the city of Peru on the west to the village of North Utica on the east. Starved Rock State Park is located approximately 5 mi (8 km) to the east. The population was 9,582 as of the 2020 census, down from 9,609 at the 2010 census. LaSalle and its twin city, Peru, make up the core of the Illinois Valley. Due to their combined dominance of the zinc processing industry in the early 1900s, they were collectively nicknamed "Zinc City."
Signal to Noise (comics)
Signal to Noise (ISBN 1-56971-144-5) is a graphic novel written by Neil Gaiman and illustrated by Dave McKean. It was originally serialised in the UK style magazine The Face, beginning in 1989, and collected as a graphic novel in 1992, published by Victor Gollancz Ltd in the UK and by Dark Horse Comics in the US.

The story follows a film-maker who has a terminal illness, and imagines a last film which he will never have time to make. It examines the relationship between apocalyptic imagery, and the central character's personal disaster.

There have been three adaptations of the graphic novel into other media:

In 1996, Gaiman adapted his own story for a BBC radio broadcast, with music by McKean.

In 1999, a stage adaptation written by Marc Rosenbush and Robert Toombs was mounted in Chicago with Gaiman's cooperation.

In 2002, McKean adapted it into a 14-minute film, with Heathcote Williams as the director.

The Face (magazine)
The Face is a British music, fashion, and culture monthly magazine originally published from 1980 to 2004, and relaunched in 2019.

It was first launched in May 1980 in London by Nick Logan, the British journalist who had previously been editor of New Musical Express and Smash Hits. Having narrowly survived a near closure in the early 1990s following the award of libel damages against the magazine, it finally ceased publication in 2004 as a result of dwindling circulation. Frequently referred to as having "changed culture" and credited with launching Kate Moss's career as a supermodel, the magazine was the subject of a number of museum exhibitions after its demise.

In April 2019, The Face was relaunched online at theface.com by current owner Wasted Talent, which also publishes the magazines Kerrang! and Mixmag and acquired rights to the title in 2017 from Bauer Media Group. The first physical issue since the relaunch was published on 13 September 2019.
Klamroth
Klamroth is a surname. Notable people with this name include:

Hans Georg Klamroth (1898–1944), Nazi businessman and reserve officer who participated in an attempt to assassinate Hitler

Kathrin Klamroth (born 1968), German mathematician and computer scientist

Lola Klamroth, actress in 2018 Italian-French film Capri-Revolution

Sabine Klamroth (born 1933), German lawyer and author

Wibke Bruhns (née Klamroth, 1938–2019), German journalist and author

Kathrin Klamroth
Kathrin Klamroth (born 1968) is a German mathematician and computer scientist whose research topics include combinatorial optimization and facility location. She is a professor in the department of mathematics and computer science at the University of Wuppertal.
Sandro Azenha
Sandro Isidoro Azenha (born (1988-05-19)19 May 1988) is a Portuguese futsal player who plays as a goalkeeper for MTBA after a short stint at Belenenses in late 2018. Sandro has also been capped once for the Portugal national team.

Portugal national futsal team
The Portugal national futsal team represents Portugal in international men's futsal competitions and is controlled by the Portuguese Football Federation. They are the reigning FIFA Futsal World Cup champions, the current and back-to-back winners of the UEFA Futsal Championship, and the first team to win the Futsal Finalissima.

Portugal has won the 2021 FIFA Futsal World Cup, the European Championship in 2018 and 2022 and the 2022 Futsal Finalissima. They are one of only four teams to win the World Cup as well as one of four to be crowned European champions and the winners of the first ever Futsal Finalissima. Portugal are, together with Spain, the only team from UEFA to be world champions and the only team, also alongside Spain, to successfully defend their European title. They are the only team to win the World Cup title as reigning European champions.
Meydan TV
Meydan TV is a Berlin-based Azerbaijani non-profit media organization. Founded by dissident blogger and former political prisoner Emin Milli in 2013, Meydan TV publishes news in Azerbaijani, English, and Russian. In May 2013, Meydan TV announced plans for broadcasting simultaneously through the Turkish Türksat communications. The word "meydan" means town square in Azerbaijani.

The media organization, known for its reporting on corruption and human rights abuses in Azerbaijan, has been targeted for repression by the authoritarian Aliyev regime in Azerbaijan.

Türksat (satellite)
Türksat is the name of a series of Turkish communications satellites operated or projected by the state-owned Türksat A.Ş.

Satellite telecommunication is provided by the Gölbaşı Ground Station in Ankara, Turkey.
Jefferson Township, Kansas
Jefferson Township is the name of 7 townships in the U.S. state of Kansas:

Jefferson Township, Chautauqua County, Kansas

Jefferson Township, Dickinson County, Kansas

Jefferson Township, Geary County, Kansas

Jefferson Township, Jackson County, Kansas

Jefferson Township, Jefferson County, Kansas

Jefferson Township, Rawlins County

Jefferson Township, Republic County

Republic County, Kansas
Republic County is a county located in the state of Kansas, south from the Nebraska state line.  Its county seat and largest city is Belleville.  As of the 2020 census, the county population was 4,674.  The county was named after the Republican River.
Shiratori
Shiratori (白鳥) is a Japanese surname that literally translates to "white bird", which is the word for swan in Japanese. Notable people with this surname include:

Chieko Shiratori (白鳥 智恵子; born 1975), actress

Emiko Shiratori (白鳥 英美子; born 1950), singer and songwriter

Hitomi Shiratori (白鳥 瞳), one of the stage names used by musician Yoshiki (林 佳樹; born 1965)

Kanemaru Shiratori (白鳥 金丸; born 1942), boxer

Katsuhiro Shiratori (白鳥 勝浩; born 1976), beach volleyball player

Shiratori Kurakichi (白鳥 庫吉; 1865–1942), historian and Sinologist

Sumio Shiratori (白鳥 澄夫), composer and music producer

Tetsu Shiratori (白鳥 哲; born 1972), voice actor

Toshio Shiratori (白鳥 敏夫; 1887–1949), Japanese ambassador to Italy 1938–1940

Yoshie Shiratori (白鳥 由栄; 1907–1979), felon and anti-hero who escaped from Japanese prison four times

Yuri Shiratori (白鳥 由里; born 1968), voice actress and J-pop singer

Yuriko Shiratori (白鳥 百合子; born 1983), gravure idol, tarento artist and actress

Tetsu Shiratori
Tetsu Shiratori (白鳥 哲, Shiratori Tetsu; born March 21, 1972) is a Japanese voice actor. He is well known for his role as Lloyd Asplund (Code Geass), Gluttony (Fullmetal Alchemist: Brotherhood) and Zancrow (Fairy Tail).
2019–20 KK Cedevita Olimpija season
The 2019–20 season was the inaugural season of KK Cedevita Olimpija. The club competed in the Slovenian League, the Adriatic League and the EuroCup.

Cedevita Olimpija has lost two cup finals during the season, the 2019 Adriatic Supercup and the 2020 Slovenian Cup. The Slovenian League and the Adriatic League seasons were cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

KK Cedevita Olimpija
Košarkarski klub Cedevita Olimpija (English: Cedevita Olimpija Basketball Club), commonly referred to as KK Cedevita Olimpija or simply Olimpija, is a men's professional basketball club based in Ljubljana, Slovenia. The club competes in the ABA League and the Slovenian First League.

The club was established in 2019 after the merger of the most successful Slovenian club Olimpija and the Croatian club Cedevita. Cedevita Olimpija inherited 70 trophies of both predecessors and their competition licences for its inaugural season.