hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1903 Michigan Wolverines football team
The 1903 Michigan Wolverines football team represented the University of Michigan in the 1903 college football season. The team's head football coach was Fielding H. Yost. The Wolverines played their home games at Regents Field.  The 1903 team compiled a record of 11–0–1 and outscored opponents 565 to 6.  The only points allowed came on a touchdown in a 6–6 tie with Minnesota.  All eleven wins were shutouts.  The 1903 Michigan team was the third of Yost's "Point-a-Minute" teams and has been recognized retrospectively as a co-national champion  by the National Championship Foundation.

The team captain was Curtis Redden, and the high scorer was fullback Tom Hammond who scored 163 points.  Halfback Willie Heston was the only member of the team selected as a first-team All-American, receiving the honor from both Walter Camp in Collier's Weekly and Caspar Whitney in Outing magazine.

Paul Jones (judge)
Paul J. Jones (November 4, 1880 – August 4, 1965) was an American college football player and coach and United States federal judge. He played fullback for the University of Michigan's national championship football team in 1902 and became the football coach at Western Reserve University after graduating from Michigan. He practiced law from 1905 to 1920 and served as an Ohio state court judge from 1920 to 1923. In 1923, he was appointed as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio in Cleveland, a position he held until his death in 1965.
2022 Savannah Challenger – Doubles
Roberto Maytín and Fernando Romboli were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Ruben Gonzales and Treat Huey won the title after defeating Wu Tung-lin and Zhang Zhizhen 7–6(7–3), 6–4 in the final.

Fernando Romboli
Fernando Romboli de Souza (born 4 January 1989) is a Brazilian professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. He has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 40, achieved on 8 September 2025. He also reached a singles ranking of No. 236 on 20 June 2011. Romboli has won two ATP Tour titles in doubles.
1949 Tour de France
The 1949 Tour de France was the 36th edition of the Tour de France, taking place from 30 June to 24 July. It consisted of 21 stages over 4,808 km (2,988 mi).

The Italian team had internal problems, because Gino Bartali and Fausto Coppi could both be the team leader. During the selection procedure, Coppi almost refused to start the race, but he was convinced to start. During the race, Coppi almost pulled out, because he felt he did not have full support from the team captain. In the Alps, Coppi recovered. The race was won by Coppi, with second place taken by teammate Bartali, the winner of the previous year. Coppi also won the mountains classification, while his Italian team won the team classification.

Gino Bartali
Gino Bartali, OMRI (Italian pronunciation: [ˈdʒiːno ˈbartali]; 18 July 1914 – 5 May 2000), nicknamed Gino the Pious and (in Italy) Ginettaccio, was a champion road cyclist. He was the most renowned Italian cyclist before the Second World War, having won the Giro d'Italia twice, in 1936 and 1937, and the Tour de France in 1938. After the war, he added one more victory in each event: the Giro d'Italia in 1946 and the Tour de France in 1948. His second and last Tour de France victory in 1948 gave him the largest gap between victories in the race.

In September 2013, 13 years after his death, Bartali was recognised as a "Righteous Among the Nations" by Yad Vashem for his efforts to aid Jews during World War II.
Pen-y-Lan
Pen-y-Lan is a Welsh place name:

Pen-y-lan, Ceredigion, a hamlet in west Wales

Penylan, a district of the city of Cardiff, Wales

Pen-y-Lan, a district of the city of Swansea

Pen-y-Lan Hall, a grade II listed mansion located near the village of Ruabon in Wrexham County Borough

Pen-y-Lan Hall
Pen-y-Lan Hall is a Grade II-listed Tudor-Gothic Revival country house located near the village of Ruabon in Wrexham County Borough, Wales. The building may have been built in the late seventeenth century, but was remodelled in the mid-nineteenth.
Gomeo Brennan
Gomeo Brennan (born 17 January 1939 in Bimini) is a Bahamian professional welter/light middle/middle/super middle/light heavyweight boxer of the 1950s, '60s and '70s who won the Commonwealth middleweight title (twice), and was a challenger for the World Boxing Association (WBA) World light heavyweight title against Vicente Rondón, his professional fighting weight varied from 146 lb (66 kg; 10 st 6 lb), i.e. welterweight to 174 lb (79 kg; 12 st 6 lb), i.e. light heavyweight. Brennan fought out of the 5th Street Gym in Miami Beach, Florida, he was trained by Angelo Dundee, and managed by Chris Dundee, he was inducted into the Florida Boxing Hall of Fame in 2010.

5th Street Gym
The 5th Street Gym (also known as World Famous 5th St. Gym) is a boxing gym in Miami Beach, Florida. Now located in an alley on 5th Street, the gym originally operated from 1950 until its closure in 1993. Founders Chris Dundee and Angelo Dundee trained many notable fighters including Muhammad Ali. The gym was frequented by celebrities. Today, the gym is frequented by a variety of people, including notable fighters and local residents.
Walter Kraemer
Walter Kraemer (Krämer) (German pronunciation: [ˈvaltɐ ˈkʁɛːmɐ] ⓘ; 21 June 1892 – 6 November 1941) was a German politician of the German Communist Party (KPD) and member of the resistance against Nazism. From 1932/33, he was a deputy of the Prussian Landtag, was arrested in 1933 and murdered in 1941 in a sub-camp of the concentration camp Buchenwald in Goslar. He assisted prisoners with getting medical help, becoming known as the "Doctor of Buchenwald", for which he received from the State of Israel the posthumous title "Righteous among the Nations" in 2000.

Ernst Bach
Ernst Bach (10 May 1876 – 1 November 1929) was an Austrian actor and playwright. He made his debut as an actor at the Raimund Theater in Vienna in 1899. In 1903 he moved to Berlin to the Residenz-Theater, then to the Lustspielhaus in 1905, where he became Regisseur in 1906 and in 1908 Oberregisseur.

In 1909 he started what was to become a 20-year partnership with Franz Arnold as a duo Arnold and Bach, with whom he wrote more than 20 plays, mainly farces and operettas. Their first hit play was The Spanish Fly in 1913. They went on to become one of the leading playwriting teams in Weimar Germany.

In 1917 he became the director of the Münchner Volkstheater in Munich, whilst continuing his writing partnership with Franz Arnold at Starnberg. He remained in Munich until his death in 1929.
2015–16 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 4 – Women's 500 metres
The women's 500 metres races of the 2015–16 ISU Speed Skating World Cup 4, arranged in the Thialf arena in Heerenveen, Netherlands, were held on 11 and 13 December 2015.

Lee Sang-hwa of South Korea won race one, while Americans Brittany Bowe and Heather Richardson-Bergsma came second and third. Yekaterina Shikhova of Russia won the first Division B race.

Yu Jing of China won race two, with Richardson-Bergsma in second place, and Yu's compatriot Zhang Hong in third. Li Huawei, also of China, won the second Division B race.

Yu Jing
Yu Jing (Chinese: 于静; pinyin: Yú Jìng; Mandarin pronunciation: [y̌ tɕîŋ]; born 29 May 1985) is a Chinese long-track speed-skater who specializes in the sprint distances. She became the World Sprint Champion in 2012, setting world records in both the sprint combination and the 500 metres. She held the world record in the sprint combination until Heather Richardson bettered it in January 2013, and the world record in 500 metres until Lee Sang-hwa broke it in November 2013. The time, 36.94 seconds, was the Chinese record until broken by Wang Beixing in November 2013.
Fogartach mac Néill
Fogartach Mac'Artain (died 724), sometimes called Fogartach ua Cernaich, was an Irish king who is reckoned a High King of Ireland. He belonged to the Uí Chernaig sept of the Síl nÁedo Sláine branch of the southern Uí Néill. He was King of Brega and was the son of Niall mac Cernaig Sotal (died 701) and great-grandson of the high king Diarmait mac Áedo Sláine (died 665).

Uí Néill
The Uí Néill (pronounced [iː ˈnʲeːl̠ʲ]; meaning "descendants of Niall") are Irish dynasties that claim descent from Niall Noígíallach (Niall of the Nine Hostages), a historical King of Tara who is believed to have died around c. 405. They are generally divided into the Northern and Southern Uí Néill.
Franklin Academy (New York)
Franklin Academy (commonly called FA) is a public high school located in the rural village of Malone, New York that enrolls students from Malone and surrounding communities in northern Franklin County such as Bangor, Bellmont, Burke, Constable, Duane and Westville. With an enrollment of around 700 students in Grades 9–12, Franklin Academy is one of the larger high schools in the North Country region of Upstate New York and is accredited by the New York State Department of Education.

The school traces its history to 1806 to the Harrison Academy, a private school that was established not long after the founding of Malone.

Duane, New York
Duane is a town in Franklin County, New York, United States. The population was 174 at the 2010 census. The town is named after James Duane, a developer and grandson of New York City mayor James Duane.

The town of Duane is within the Adirondack Park at the geographic center of the county.
Charles Caudrelier
Charles Caudrelier (born 26 February 1974) is a French sailor who has sailed in multiple Volvo Ocean Races.

Born in Paris and raised in Brittany, Caudrelier is a merchant navy officer. He won the Solitaire du Figaro, a solo race, in 2004 and also completed the race in 2005 and 2006. He won the Transat Jacques Vabre, a two-man race, in 2009 and 2013.

He sailed in the 2011–12 Volvo Ocean Race on Groupama 4,  which won the race.

He skippered the Dongfeng Race Team in the 2014–15 Volvo Ocean Race. Three years later, in the 2017–18 Volvo Ocean Race, he skippered the Dongfeng Race Team again, and this time they won.

2011–2012 Volvo Ocean Race
The 2011–12 Volvo Ocean Race was the 11th edition of the round-the-world Volvo Ocean Race, yacht race which started with an in-port race in Alicante, Spain on 29 October 2011 with six Volvo Open 70 yachts at the start line and ended with an in-port race in Galway, Ireland on 7 July 2012. The 39,270 NM route involved stopovers and in-port races in Cape Town, Abu Dhabi, Sanya, Auckland, Itajaí, Miami, Lisbon, Lorient, and finally Galway. The race consisted of nine ocean races and ten in-port races.
Association for the Study of Nationalities
The Association for the Study of Nationalities (ASN) is an academic association dedicated to the promotion of knowledge and understanding of ethnicity, nationalism, and ethnic conflict broadly, with a particular geographic focus on Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe, Russia, Ukraine, the Caucasus, and Eurasia. ASN is based at New York's Columbia University. It publishes Nationalities Papers and, in collaboration with the Specialist Group on Ethnopolitics of the Political Studies Association, Ethnopolitics.

The ASN organises an Annual World Convention at the Harriman Institute, Columbia University and periodic European conferences. ASN awards annually the Joseph Rothschild Prize in Nationalism and Ethnic Studies to an outstanding book published in the previous calendar year on Russia, Eastern Europe or Eurasia in which substantial attention is paid to questions of ethnicity and/or nationalism; Doctoral Student Awards; and the ASN Documentary Film Audience Award.

Political Studies Association
The Political Studies Association (PSA) is a learned society in the United Kingdom which exists to develop and promote the study of politics. It is the leading association in its field in the United Kingdom, with an international membership including academics in political science and current affairs, theorists and practitioners, policy makers, researchers and students in higher education.

The PSA was founded in 1950, following the establishment of the International Political Science Association in 1949, and was initially supported by a grant from UNESCO.

The PSA has a network of over fifty "Specialist Groups" that provide a research focus for members and receive support from the PSA.
2025 Santos Brasil Tennis Cup
The 2025 Santos Brasil Tennis Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the second edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Santos, Brazil between 5 and 11 May 2025.

Santos, São Paulo
Santos (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈsɐ̃tus] ⓘ, Saints), officially Municipality of Estância Balneária de Santos, is a city and municipality in the Brazilian state of São Paulo, founded in 1546 by the Portuguese nobleman Brás Cubas. It is located mostly on the island of São Vicente, which harbors both the city of Santos and the city of São Vicente, and partially on the mainland. It is the main city in the metropolitan region of Baixada Santista. The population is 440,965 (2025 est.) in an area of 280.67 km2 (108.37 sq mi). The city is home to the Coffee Museum, where world coffee prices were once negotiated. There is also a football memorial, dedicated to the city's greatest players, which includes Pelé, who spent the majority of his career with Santos Futebol Clube. Its beachfront garden, 5,335 m (5,834 yd) in length, figures in Guinness World Records as the largest beachfront garden in the world.
Tagged queuing
Tagged queuing is a method for allowing a hardware device or controller to process commands received from a device driver out of order. It requires that the device driver attaches a tag to each command which the controller or device can later use to identify the response to the command.

Tagged queueing can speed up processing considerably if a controller serves devices of very different speeds, such as an SCSI controller serving a mix of CD-ROM drives and high-speed disks. In such cases if a request to fetch data from the CD-ROM is shortly followed by a request to read from the disk, the controller doesn't have to wait for the CD-ROM to fetch the data, it can instead instruct the disk to fetch the data and return the value to the device driver, while the CD-ROM is probably still seeking.

Disk storage
Disk storage (also sometimes called drive storage) is a data storage mechanism based on a rotating disk. The recording employs various electronic, magnetic, optical, or mechanical changes to the disk's surface layer. A disk drive is a device implementing such a storage mechanism. Notable types are hard disk drives (HDD), containing one or more non-removable rigid platters; the  floppy disk drive (FDD) and its removable floppy disk; and various optical disc drives (ODD) and associated optical disc media.

(The spelling disk and disc are used interchangeably except where trademarks preclude one usage, e.g., the Compact Disc logo. The choice of a particular form is frequently historical, as in IBM's usage of the disk form beginning in 1956 with the "IBM 350 disk storage unit".)
Macedonian Partisans
The Macedonian Partisans, officially the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Macedonia, was a communist and anti-fascist resistance movement formed in occupied Yugoslavia which was active in the World War II in Yugoslav Macedonia (National Liberation Struggle). Units of the army were formed by Macedonians within the framework of the Yugoslav Partisans as well as other communist resistance organisations operating in Macedonia at the time and were led by the General Staff of the National Liberation Army and Partisan Detachments of Macedonia, headed by Mihajlo Apostolski. During the war, 24 infantry brigades, six artillery brigades, four engineering brigades, one automobile brigade and one cavalry brigade were formed in the Macedonian army. From these brigades, seven divisions were formed, and later the 8th KNOJ division, as well as 3 corps.

Bulgarisation
Bulgarisation (Bulgarian: българизация), also known as Bulgarianisation (Bulgarian: побългаряване) is the spread of Bulgarian culture beyond the Bulgarian ethnic space carried out through educational and ecclesial campaigns, and, at times, policies of forced assimilation and emigration. Within the borders of modern-day Bulgaria, historic Bulgarianisation efforts were primarily, but not exclusively, directed at  Muslims. There were also Bulgarianisation campaigns in present-day Greece, Kosovo, North Macedonia, and Serbia, particularly during the First and Second World Wars.
Concord Mountain Lions
The Concord Mountain Lions are the athletic teams that represent Concord University, located in Athens, West Virginia, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Mountain Lions compete as members of the Mountain East Conference in all fifteen sports.

Mountain East Conference
The Mountain East Conference (MEC) is a college athletic conference affiliated with the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division II level and officially began competition on September 1, 2013. It consists of 11 schools, mostly in West Virginia with other members in Maryland and Pennsylvania.
Peg o' My Heart (song)
"Peg o' My Heart" is a popular song with lyrics by Alfred Bryan and music by Fred Fisher. It was published on March 15, 1913 and it featured in the 1913 musical Ziegfeld Follies.

The song was first performed publicly by Irving Kaufman in 1912 at The College Inn in New York City after he had stumbled across a draft of sheet music on a shelf at the Leo Feist offices.

The song was inspired by the main character in the very successful Broadway play of the time, Peg o' My Heart, that debuted December 20, 1912 at the Cort Theatre in NYC.  The play was written by J. Hartley Manners and starred Laurette Taylor in the title role. Taylor appeared on the cover of early published sheet music.

Victor Talking Machine Company
The Victor Talking Machine Company was an American recording company and phonograph manufacturer, incorporated in 1901. Victor was an independent enterprise until 1929 when it merged with the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) and became the  RCA Victor Division of the Radio Corporation of America.

Established in Camden, New Jersey, Victor was the largest and most prestigious firm of its kind in the world, best known for its use of the iconic "His Master's Voice" trademark, the design,  production and marketing of the popular "Victrola" line of phonographs and the company's extensive catalog of operatic and classical music recordings by world famous artists on the prestigious Red Seal label. After Victor merged with RCA in 1929, the company maintained its eminence as America's foremost producer of records and phonographs until the 1960s.
Louis Dalton
Louis Joseph Dalton (20 September 1862 – 13 January 1945) was an Irish Cumann na nGaedheal politician. He was first elected to Dáil Éireann as a Cumann na nGaedheal Teachta Dála (TD) for the Tipperary constituency at the 1923 general election. He did not contest the June 1927 general election.

Tipperary (Dáil constituency)
Tipperary was a parliamentary constituency that was represented in Dáil Éireann, the house of representatives of the Oireachtas (the legislature of Ireland), from 1923 to 1948 and again from 2016 to 2024. The constituency elected deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).
NoCopyrightSounds
NoCopyrightSounds, or NCS, is a British record label and YouTube channel that releases royalty-free electronic dance music. Originally starting as a music promotion YouTube channel, it reached 1 million paid downloads in 2017.

Royalty-free
Royalty-free (RF) material subject to copyright or other intellectual property rights may be used without the need to pay royalties or license fees for each use, per each copy or volume sold or some time period of use or sales.
Veena Tandon
Veena Tandon is an Indian parasitologist, academic and a NASI senior scientist at Biotech Park, Lucknow. She is a former professor of zoology at the North Eastern Hill University and serves as the chief instigator for the North-East India Helminth Parasite Information Database. She is known for her researches on worm infections afflicting the animals of food value and is the author of two books and several articles on parasitology.

The Government of India awarded her the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2016, for her contributions to science.

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change
The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change (MoEFCC) is an Indian government ministry. The ministry portfolio is currently held by Bhupender Yadav.

The ministry is responsible for planning, promoting, coordinating, and overseeing the implementation of environmental and forestry programmes in the country. The main activities undertaken by the ministry include conservation and survey of the flora of India and fauna of India, forests and other wilderness areas; prevention and control of pollution; Indian Himalayan Environment and its sustainable development; afforestation, and land degradation mitigation. It is responsible for the administration of the national parks of India.

The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is the cadre controlling authority of the Indian Forest Service (IFS), one of the three All India Services.
City-As-School High School
40°43′44.79″N 74°0′22.04″W﻿ / ﻿40.7291083°N 74.0061222°W﻿ / 40.7291083; -74.0061222

City-As-School (CAS) is a public high school located at 16 Clarkson Street between Hudson Street and Seventh Avenue South in the West Village of Manhattan, New York City which was established in 1972. It is one of the oldest alternative public high schools in the United States.

West Village
The West Village is a neighborhood in the western section of the larger Greenwich Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan, New York City. The West Village is bounded by the Hudson River to the west and 14th Street to the north. The eastern boundary is variously cited as Greenwich Avenue, Seventh Avenue, or Sixth Avenue, while the southern boundary is either Houston Street or Christopher Street.

The West Village is part of Manhattan Community District 2, and is patrolled by the 6th Precinct of the New York City Police Department. Residential property sale prices in West Village are among the most expensive in the United States, typically exceeding US$2,100 per square foot ($23,000/m2) in 2017.
1994–95 in Swiss football
The following is a summary of the 1994–95 season of competitive football in Switzerland. This was the final season in Switzerland in which two points were awarded for a win; from the next season onwards this was to be changed to three points.

FC Chiasso
FC Chiasso is a Swiss football club based in the Italian-speaking municipality of Chiasso. It was founded in 1905. Chiasso also played in the Italian first league between 1914 and 1923. They currently play in 2. Liga, the sixth tier of Swiss football.
Christopher Morris (accountant)
Christopher Morris (28 April 1942 – 11 March 2015) was an English accountant who was liquidator of some of the most notable British business failures of the twentieth century, such as Bank of Credit & Commerce International, Laker Airways and Polly Peck.

Polly Peck
Polly Peck International (PPI) was a small British textile company which expanded rapidly in the 1980s and became a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index before collapsing in 1991 with debts of £1.3 billion, eventually leading to the flight of its CEO, Asil Nadir, to Northern Cyprus in 1993. Polly Peck was one of several corporate scandals that led to the reform of UK company law, resulting in the early versions of the UK Corporate Governance Code.

On 26 August 2010, Nadir returned to the UK to try to clear his name. Prosecutors alleged that he stole more than £150 million from Polly Peck and he faced trial on 13 specimen charges totalling £34 million. Nadir was found guilty on 10 counts of theft totalling £29 million. On 23 August 2012 at the Old Bailey, he was sentenced to 10 years in prison.