hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Genomic Standards Consortium
The Genomic Standards Consortium (GSC) is an initiative working towards richer descriptions of our collection of genomes, metagenomes and marker genes. Established in September 2005, this international community includes representatives from a range of major sequencing and bioinformatics centres (including NCBI, EMBL, DDBJ, JCVI, JGI, EBI, Sanger, FIG) and research institutions. The goal of the GSC is to promote mechanisms for standardizing the description of (meta)genomes, including the exchange and integration of (meta)genomic data. The number and pace of genomic and metagenomic sequencing projects will only increase as the use of ultra-high-throughput methods becomes common place and standards are vital to scientific progress and data sharing.

European Bioinformatics Institute
The European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) is an intergovernmental organization (IGO) which, as part of the European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) family, focuses on research and services in bioinformatics. It is located on the Wellcome Genome Campus in Hinxton near Cambridge, and employs over 600 full-time equivalent (FTE) staff.

Further, the EMBL-EBI hosts training programs that teach scientists the fundamentals of the work with biological data and promote the plethora of bioinformatic tools available for their research, both EMBL-EBI-based and not so.
Poems in Prose (Wilde collection)
Poems in Prose is the collective title of six prose poems published by Oscar Wilde in The Fortnightly Review (July 1894). Derived from Wilde's many oral tales, these prose poems are the only six that were published by Wilde in his lifetime, and they include (in order of appearance): "The Artist", "The Doer of Good", "The Disciple", "The Master", "The House of Judgment" and "The Teacher of Wisdom". Two of these prose poems, "The House of Judgment" and "The Disciple", had appeared earlier in The Spirit Lamp, an Oxford undergraduate magazine, on 17 February and 6 June 1893 respectively. A set of illustrations for the prose poems was completed by Wilde's friend and frequent illustrator, Charles Ricketts, who never published the pen-and-ink drawings in his lifetime. The set of prose poems was released in a privately printed chapbook in 1905.

The Fortnightly Review
The Fortnightly Review was one of the most prominent and influential magazines in nineteenth-century England. It was founded in 1865 by Anthony Trollope, Frederic Harrison, Edward Spencer Beesly, and six others with an investment of £9,000; the first edition appeared on 15 May 1865. George Henry Lewes, the partner of George Eliot, was its first editor, followed by John Morley.

The print magazine ceased publication in 1954.

An online "new series" started to appear in 2009.
Lee Jae-ryong
Lee Jae-ryong (born September 24, 1964) is a South Korean actor. He is best known for starring in television series, notably the merchant-centered period epic Sangdo (2001), the medical drama General Hospital (1994 and 2008), and Noh Hee-kyung-penned dramas such as Foolish Love (2000) and Goodbye Solo (2006).

Medical drama
A medical drama is a television movie or film in which events center upon a hospital, clinic, doctor's office, a paramedic, or any other medical topic or environment. Most recent medical dramatic programming goes beyond the events pertaining to the characters' jobs and portray some aspects of their personal lives. The longest running prime-time medical drama in the world is the British series Casualty, airing since 1986, and the longest running medical soap opera is General Hospital, running since 1963.
Sachse High School
Sachse High School is a public high school located in Sachse, Texas, United States. Sachse High School enrolls students in grades 9–12 and is a part of the Garland Independent School District. The first graduating class was the charter class of 2005.

In 2009, the school was rated "recognized" by the Texas Education Agency.

Educational stage
Educational stages are subdivisions of formal learning, typically covering early childhood education, primary education, secondary education and tertiary education. The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) recognizes nine levels of education in its International Standard Classification of Education (ISCED) system (from Level 0 (pre-primary education) through Level 8 (doctoral)). UNESCO's International Bureau of Education maintains a database of country-specific education systems and their stages. Some countries divide levels of study into grades or forms for school children in the same year.
5000 Ones
"5000 Ones" is a song by American record producer DJ Drama. The song serves as his debut single and the lead single from his debut studio album Gangsta Grillz: The Album. The hip hop song, produced by Jazze Pha, features vocals from several rappers, namely Nelly, T.I., Yung Joc, Willie the Kid, Young Jeezy and Twista, as well as Diddy on background vocals and ad-libs. The single peaked at #52 on the U.S. Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and peaked at #9 on the Hot Rap Tracks.

Yung Joc
Jasiel Amon Robinson (born September 20, 1980), better known by his stage name Yung Joc, is an American rapper known for his 2006 single "It's Goin' Down", which peaked at number three on the Billboard Hot 100. Prior to its release, he signed with Puff Daddy's Bad Boy South, an imprint of Atlantic Records, in a joint venture with Block Entertainment; the song served as lead single for his debut studio album, New Joc City (2006). The album and its sequel, Hustlenomics (2007), both peaked at number three on the Billboard 200 despite mixed critical responses. He is also known for his guest appearance on T-Pain's 2007 single "Buy U a Drank (Shawty Snappin')", which peaked atop the Billboard Hot 100.
Tremellaceae
The Tremellaceae are a family of fungi in the order Tremellales. The family is cosmopolitan and contains both teleomorphic and anamorphic species, most of the latter being yeasts. All teleomorphs in the Tremellaceae are parasites of other fungi, though the yeast states are widespread and not restricted to hosts. Basidiocarps (fruit bodies), when produced, are gelatinous.

The family currently comprises the single genus Tremella, containing around 40 species. The name previously covered a much wider range of genera within the Tremellales, but molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, now places these genera in separate families.

Basidiocarp
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome, or basidioma (pl. basidiomata) is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures. As with other sporocarps, epigeous (above-ground) basidiocarps that are visible to the naked eye (especially those with a more or less agaricoid morphology) are commonly referred to as mushrooms, while hypogeous (underground) basidiocarps are usually called false truffles.
Bob Elix
Bob Elix AM ASM is a former Australian rules footballer with Port Adelaide in the South Australian National Football League (SANFL), a long time official with the Northern Territory Football League (NTFL) and former longserving member of the Darwin City Council.

City of Darwin
The City of Darwin is a local government area of the Northern Territory, Australia.  It includes the central business district of the capital, Darwin City, and represents two-thirds of its metropolitan population. Located on the traditional land and waterways of the Larrakia people, the city now covers an area of 111 square kilometres (43 sq mi) and, in June 2018, had a population of 84,613 people.
Dolní Město
Dolní Město (Czech pronunciation: [ˈdolɲiː ˈmɲɛsto]) is a municipality and village in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 1,000 inhabitants.

Dolní Město lies approximately 15 kilometres (9 mi) west of Havlíčkův Brod, 30 km (19 mi) north-west of Jihlava, and 86 km (53 mi) south-east of Prague.

Havlíčkův Brod
Havlíčkův Brod (Czech pronunciation: [ˈɦavliːtʃkuːv ˈbrot], until 1945 Německý Brod; German: Deutschbrod) is a town in Havlíčkův Brod District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 24,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Basketball at the 2015 Pan American Games – Women's tournament
The women's basketball tournament at the 2015 Pan American Games was held in Toronto, Canada at the Ryerson Athletic Centre from July 16 to 20.

For these Games, the women competed in an 8-team tournament. The teams were grouped into two pools of four teams each for a round-robin preliminary round. The top two teams in each group will advance to a single elimination bracket.

Puerto Rico are the defending champions from the 2011 Pan American Games in Guadalajara, defeating Mexico, 85–67 in the final.

The official detailed schedule for the tournament was announced on February 5, 2015.

Canada won the tournament for the first time, becoming the first host nation to win the gold medal since the United States in 1987.

Puerto Rico women's national basketball team
The Puerto Rico women's national basketball team (Spanish: Selección femenina de Baloncesto de Puerto Rico) is governed by the Puerto Rican Basketball Federation (Spanish: Federación de Baloncesto de Puerto Rico).
NGC 5004
NGC 5004 is a lenticular galaxy in the constellation Coma Berenices. The object was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on 13 March 1785, using an 18.7-inch aperture reflector telescope. Due to its moderate apparent magnitude (+13), it is visible only with amateur telescopes or with superior equipment.

Lenticular galaxy
A lenticular galaxy (denoted S0) is a type of galaxy intermediate between an elliptical (denoted E) and a spiral galaxy in galaxy morphological classification schemes. It contains a large-scale disc but does not have large-scale spiral arms.  Lenticular galaxies are disc galaxies that have used up or lost most of their interstellar matter and therefore have very little ongoing star formation. They may, however, retain significant dust in their disks. As a result, they consist mainly of aging stars (like elliptical galaxies).  Despite the morphological differences, lenticular and elliptical galaxies share common properties like spectral features and scaling relations. Both can be considered early-type galaxies that are passively evolving, at least in the local part of the Universe.  Connecting the E galaxies with the S0 galaxies are the ES galaxies with intermediate-scale discs.
Chukri system
The Chukri system is a debt bondage or forced labour system found in Kidderpore and other parts of West Bengal. Under this system, a woman can be coerced into prostitution in order to pay off debts. She generally works without pay for one year or longer in order to repay a supposed debt to the brothel owner for food, clothes, make-up, and living expenses.

The system creates a workforce of people virtually enslaved to their creditors, and constitutes one of the primary causes for women entering the sex trade. The system flourishes primarily in West Bengal or Calcutta. The name is used also in Bangladesh and the system also exists there.

Forced labour
Forced labour, or unfree labour, is any work relation, especially in modern or early modern history, in which people are employed against their will with the threat of destitution, detention, or violence, including death or other forms of extreme hardship to either themselves or members of their families.

Unfree labour includes all forms of slavery, penal labour, and the corresponding institutions, such as debt slavery, serfdom, corvée and labour camps.
Borders Family History Society
Borders Family History Society, (BFHS), founded in 1985, is a members and research society which concentrates on the Scottish Borders region in south-eastern Scotland, comprising the ancient pre-1975 counties of Roxburghshire, Berwickshire, Selkirkshire and Peeblesshire, as well as small parts of the former counties of Midlothian (formerly Edinburghshire), and adjacent counties in England.  They have map diagrams of the counties and their parishes.

The Society's Patron is the Earl of Lauderdale, who is also the Hereditary Flag-Bearer for Scotland and Chief of the Clan Maitland.

Roxburghshire
Roxburghshire or the County of Roxburgh is a historic county and registration county in the Southern Uplands of Scotland. It borders Dumfriesshire to the west, Selkirkshire and Midlothian to the northwest, and Berwickshire to the north. To the southwest it borders Cumberland and to the southeast Northumberland, both in England.

It was named after the Royal Burgh of Roxburgh, a town which declined markedly in the 15th century and is no longer in existence. Latterly, the county town of Roxburghshire was Jedburgh.

The county has much the same area as Teviotdale, the basin drained by the River Teviot and tributaries, together with the adjacent stretch of the Tweed into which it flows. The term is often treated as synonymous with Roxburghshire, but may omit Liddesdale as Liddel Water drains to the west coast.
Kashipur, Uttarakhand Assembly constituency
Kashipur Legislative Assembly constituency is one of the seventy electoral Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly constituencies of Uttarakhand state in India. It includes Kashipur area of Udhamsingh Nagar District.

Kashipur Legislative Assembly constituency is a part of Nainital-Udhamsingh Nagar (Lok Sabha constituency).

Nainital–Udhamsingh Nagar Lok Sabha constituency
Nainital–Udhamsingh Nagar Lok Sabha constituency is one of the five Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Uttarakhand. It comprises two districts namely Nainital (part) and Udham Singh Nagar. This constituency came into existence in 2009, following the delimitation of Lok Sabha constituencies.
Dana Adobe
The Dana Adobe & Cultural Center or "Casa de Dana" is a historic landmark in Nipomo, California. It was the home of Boston sea captain William Goodwin Dana, who in 1837 was granted the 37,888-acre (153.33 km2) Rancho Nipomo in Southern California. Captain Dana hosted figures such as Henry Tefft and John C. Fremont in his Nipomo home, which also served as an important exchange point on California's first official mail route between Monterey and Los Angeles.

The building is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The entire Rancho Nipomo is listed as a California Historical Landmark.

Mail
The mail or post is a system for physically transporting postcards, letters, and parcels. A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems. Since the mid-19th century, national postal systems have generally been established as a government monopoly, with a fee on the article prepaid. Proof of payment is usually in the form of an adhesive postage stamp, but a postage meter is also used for bulk mailing.

Postal authorities often have functions aside from transporting letters. In some countries, a postal, telegraph and telephone (PTT) service oversees the postal system, in addition to telephone and telegraph systems. Some countries' postal systems allow for savings accounts and handle applications for passports.

The Universal Postal Union (UPU), established in 1874, includes 192 member countries and sets the rules for international mail exchanges as a Specialized Agency of the United Nations.
Alexandra Nereïev
Alexandra Nereïev (born Alexandra Gil, 1 May 1976) is a French painter, sculptor, jewelry-maker and writer living in Pully, Switzerland. Nereïev was born in Le Chesnay, France and was graduated from the art school Maryse Eloy Maryse Eloy in 1999.

She left France in 2011 to move to Locarno and then moved to French Switzerland in 2013.

Fondator of the workshop gallery Latzarine in Lagny sur Marne, France open from 2002 to 2006 where most of her expositions take place.

Her approach remains faithful to the figurative art, her favourite themes being self-portraits, nudes and landscapes. The artist regularly frequent the free sketch workshop of the Académie de la Grande Chaumière in Paris.

Le Chesnay
Le Chesnay (French pronunciation: [lə ʃɛnɛ] ⓘ) is a former commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. On 1 January 2019, it was merged into the new commune Le Chesnay-Rocquencourt. It is located in the western suburbs of Paris, 16.7 km (10.4 mi) from the center of Paris.
Kojani Island
Kojani Island also known as Kojana Island (Kisiwa cha Kojani, in Swahili) is an island located in Kojani ward of Wete District in Pemba North Region, Tanzania.
The island has a population of 15,000 people most reside at the historic  Kojani town. Water supply for the island is pumped from mainland Pemba through a piped system.

Wete District
Wete District (Wilaya ya Wete in Swahili)  is one of two administrative districts of Pemba North Region in Tanzania. The district covers an area of 295 km2 (114 sq mi). The district is comparable in size to the land area of Maldives. The district has a water border to the east and west by the Indian Ocean. The district is bordered to the north by Micheweni District. The district seat (capital) is the town of Wete. According to the 2022 census, the district has a total population of 148,712.
Brian Sun
Brian Alfred Sun (born August 12, 1954) is an American trial lawyer and partner of the law firm Norton Rose Fulbright in the Los Angeles office.  His areas of practice are white collar criminal defense, LA-based entertainment litigation, and political sagas, and has been involved in high-profile criminal trials.

Katrina Leung
Katrina Leung (simplified Chinese: 陈文英; traditional Chinese: 陳文英; pinyin: Chén Wényīng; born 1954) is a former high value Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) informant and Ministry of State Security (MSS) agent who, on April 9, 2003, was indicted by the United States Department of Justice for "Unauthorized copying of national defense information with intent to injure or benefit a foreign nation".  Her case was later dismissed on January 6, 2005, because of prosecutorial misconduct, but an appeal by the U.S. Attorney resulted in a plea bargain of guilty to lesser charges on December 16, 2005. She was alleged by the United States government to have contaminated twenty years of intelligence relating to the People's Republic of China, as well as critically compromising the FBI's Chinese counterintelligence program. She was known by a variety of aliases, including Chan Man Ying, Chen Wen Ying, Luo Zhongshan, and Parlor Maid.
Abercorn School
Abercorn School was an independent private school in central London for pupils ages 2–16 years. Abercorn School had two separate premises, all within walking distance in St John's Wood and Marylebone, London. The school was opened in 1987 by Andrea Greystoke. The school abruptly closed and entered administration in July 2024, following the death of its founder. It had been struggling with declining student numbers and rising costs since the pandemic.

Abercorn used the Early Years Foundation Stage and the National Curriculum as a basis for teaching. Abercorn was a through-school, although some pupils  moved on to a wide range of independent secondary schools or boarding schools at the end of Year 6, with students who progressed to Abercorn's Senior School. Pupils were prepared for the 11+ and 13+ examinations, as well as GCSEs.

Abercorn School was a member of ISA, the Independent Schools Association, and also IAPS, the Independent Association of Preparatory Schools.

St John's Wood
St John's Wood is a district in the City of Westminster, London, England, about 2.5 miles (4 km) northwest of Charing Cross. Historically the northern part of the ancient parish and Metropolitan Borough of Marylebone, it extends from Regent's Park and Primrose Hill in the east to Edgware Road in the west, with the Swiss Cottage area of Hampstead to the north and Lisson Grove to the south.

The area includes Lord's Cricket Ground, home of Marylebone Cricket Club and Middlesex CCC and a regular international test cricket venue. It also includes Abbey Road Studios, well known through its association with the Beatles.
Myron Butler & Levi
Myron Butler & Levi is the reincarnation of the gospel choir God's Property (known for the 1997 Kirk Franklin hit "Stomp").  Under the direction of singer-songwriter and music producer Myron Butler, the group gained a Grammy nomination for its debut release Set Me Free and critical acclaim for its second album, Stronger.

Kirk Franklin
Kirk Dewayne Franklin (born January 26, 1970) is an American gospel musician, rapper, singer, songwriter, and record producer. Franklin's accolades include 20 Grammy Awards. Variety has called Franklin a "Reigning King of Urban Gospel", and Franklin is one of the inaugural inductees into the Black Music & Entertainment Walk of Fame. Franklin has also been associated with The Family, God's Property, and One Nation Crew (1NC).
Longdon-on-Tern
Longdon-upon-Tern (also known as Longdon-on-Tern or colloquially Longdon) is a village in the civil parish of Rodington, in the unitary district of Telford and Wrekin, in Shropshire, England. It is approximately 7 miles (11 km) east of Shrewsbury and 7 miles (11 km) north-west of Telford. Longdon-Upon-Tern is situated on the River Tern, a tributary of the River Severn. In 1971, the parish had a population of 127.

Settled since at least the Normans, the village is notable as the site of the Longdon-on-Tern Aqueduct, the first large-scale cast iron navigable aqueduct, designed and built by Thomas Telford for the canal. The aqueduct is Grade I listed and a preserved as a scheduled ancient monument.

Wellington, Shropshire
Wellington is a market town and a civil parish in the borough of Telford and Wrekin, Shropshire, England. It is situated 3 miles (4.8 km) north-west of Telford and 12 miles (19 km) east of Shrewsbury, near the western terminus of the M54 motorway. The summit of The Wrekin lies 3 miles to the south-west. Wellington’s population was 25,554 in the 2011 census.
George St George (Athlone MP)
George St George (2 July 1682 – 23 December 1762) was an Irish politician. He sat in the Irish House of Commons as a Member of Parliament (MP) for Athlone from 1723 to 1761.

He was the son of Henry St George of Wooodsgift, County Kilkenny, which had been granted to the St George family in 1666, and Ann Hatfield, daughter of Ridgely Hatfield, Alderman of Dublin.

He married Elizabeth Bligh, daughter of Thomas Bligh and Elizabeth Napier, and sister of John Bligh, 1st Earl of Darnley. They were the parents of Sir Richard St George, 1st Baronet.

Athlone (Parliament of Ireland constituency)
Athlone was a constituency represented in the Irish House of Commons until 1800. Between 1725 and 1793 Catholics and those married to Catholics could not vote. Following the Acts of Union 1800 the borough became the Westminster constituency of Athlone.
Aaron Mitchell (murderer)
Aaron C. Mitchell (d. April 12, 1967) was a murderer, convicted of the February 15, 1963, killing of Sacramento police officer Arnold Gamble, who was responding to a robbery committed by Mitchell. He was sentenced to death, and was executed in the gas chamber. Mitchell, who was from Alabama, had a lengthy criminal record that spanned 20 years. Mitchell was the last inmate to be executed involuntarily before the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling in Furman v. Georgia in 1972, which invalided all existing death penalty statutes at the time.

Gas chamber
A gas chamber is an apparatus for killing humans or animals with gas, consisting of a sealed chamber into which a poisonous or asphyxiant gas is introduced. Poisonous agents used include hydrogen cyanide and carbon monoxide. High concentration carbon dioxide is typically used in gas chambers for animals.