hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Reading Racers
Reading Racers were a British motorcycle speedway team. Formed in 1968, they won four British League titles during their history. The club closed in October 2008 after the lease on Smallmead Stadium was sold and the site was demolished.

British League
The British League was the main motorcycle speedway league in Britain from its formation in 1965 until 1995 when British speedway was restructured. It initially had a single division, with a second division starting in 1968 (which was renamed the New National League in 1975 and subsequently the National League).

The British League was formed in 1965 following the merger of the National League and the Provincial League. Matches were held over a series of races, with two riders from each team taking part in each race. In 1995 it was replaced by the Premier League for two years before the sport was restructured into three tiers with the formation of the Elite League in 1997. The Championship was decided on a league table basis.
1804 Kisakata earthquake
The 1804 Kisakata earthquake (Japanese: 象潟地震) struck Dewa Province, Japan on July 10, 1804 with a magnitude of 7.0. The earthquake killed approximately 300–500 people. Nearby Mount Chokai erupted at about the same time as the earthquake. Lake Kisakata was uplifted by the earthquake, so Kisakata, featured in Bashō's Oku no Hosomichi, became new land and a swamp. A 1 m (3 ft 3 in) tsunami flooded 300 homes in Kisakata and Sakata.

Dewa Province
Dewa Province (出羽国, Dewa no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [deꜜ.wa (no kɯ.ɲi)]) was a province of Japan comprising modern-day Yamagata Prefecture and Akita Prefecture, except for the city of Kazuno and the town of Kosaka.  Dewa bordered on Mutsu and Echigō Provinces. Its abbreviated form name was Ushū (羽州).
Lady Cathleen Hudson
Lady Cathleen Blanche Lily Hudson (née Eliot; 29 July 1921 – 5 October 1994), also known as Lady Cathleen Seyfried, was a British noble. She was the younger daughter of John Granville Cornwallis Eliot, 6th Earl of St Germans and Lady Blanche Linnie Somerset, daughter of the 9th Duke of Beaufort. She was the mother of the present Baron Herbert.

Her father died from pneumonia on 22 March 1922, whilst recuperating in South Africa following a riding accident, leaving issue two daughters. His earldom and associated titles thus passed to his first cousin.  Her mother, the widowed Countess, remarried George Francis Valentine Scott Douglas and had a son James Louis Fitzroy Scott Douglas (1930–1969), later Sir James Scott Douglas, Bt by her second husband; this half-brother died unmarried.

Henry Somerset, 9th Duke of Beaufort
Captain Henry Adelbert Wellington FitzRoy Somerset, 9th Duke of Beaufort JP, DL (19 May 1847 – 24 November 1924), styled the Earl of Glamorgan until 1853 and Marquess of Worcester between 1853 and 1899, was a British peer.
Prince Abdul Azim of Brunei
Abdul Azim ibni Hassanal Bolkiah (Jawi: عبد العظيم) (29 August 1982 – 24 October 2020) was a member of the royal family of Brunei.

He was the second son of Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah and the first with his former second wife, Mariam Abdul Aziz.

He was fourth in the line of Succession to the Bruneian throne at the time of his death on 24 October 2020.

Succession to the Bruneian throne
Succession to the Bruneian throne is guided by the Succession and Regency Proclamation within the Constitution of Brunei first established in 1959. The succession laws have been amended several times since then and the most recent update was published in 2022.
Qaryut
Qaryout (Arabic: قريوت) is a Palestinian village in the Nablus Governorate in the northern West Bank, located 28 kilometers (17 mi) southeast of Nablus.

According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), Qaryut had a population of 2,560 inhabitants in 2017.

Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics
The Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS; Arabic: الجهاز المركزي للإحصاء الفلسطيني, romanized: al-Jihāz al-Markazī lil-Iḥṣāʼ al-Filasṭīnī) is the official statistical institution of Palestine. Its main task is to provide credible statistical figures at the national and international levels. It is a state institution that provides service to the governmental, non – governmental and private sectors in addition to research institutions and universities. It is established as an independent statistical bureau. The PCBS publishes the Statistical Yearbook of Palestine and the Jerusalem Statistical Yearbook annually.

The head office of the agency is in Ein Munjed Quarter, Ramallah.
Mario Prosperi
Mario Prosperi (born 4 August 1945 in Melide) is a retired Swiss football goalkeeper.

He got 21 caps for Switzerland between 26 May 1965 and 9 May 1973. He was an unused substitute at the 1966 World Cup. He played in qualifying games for both the 1970 FIFA World Cup and 1974 FIFA World Cup.

Melide, Switzerland
Melide is a municipality in the district of Lugano in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. The village lies very close to the mountain Monte San Salvatore and is directly on the Lake of Lugano. The Melide causeway to the east was built to make it possible to cross to Bissone and to allow a north–south highway to be built.

Melide is known for 
Swissminiatur, a museum that shows famous buildings in Switzerland presented in miniature form.
Spikes (surname)
Spikes is the surname of:

Brandon Spikes (born 1987), American National Football League (NFL) linebacker

Cameron Spikes (born 1976), American former NFL football guard

Charlie Spikes (born 1951), Major League Baseball player

Irving Spikes (born 1970), American former NFL running back

Jack Spikes (born 1937), former American collegiate and American Football League running back and placekicker

John Spikes (1881–1955), American jazz musician and entrepreneur

Ken Spikes (1935-2009), former NASCAR Cup Series driver

Reb Spikes (1888–1982), American jazz saxophonist and entrepreneur

Richard Spikes (1884–1962), African-American engineer

Takeo Spikes (born 1976), American NFL linebacker

Brandon Spikes
Brandon Spikes (born September 3, 1987) is an American former professional football player who was a linebacker in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Florida Gators, was recognized as a consensus All-American twice and was a member of two BCS National Championship teams. He was selected by the New England Patriots in the second round of the 2010 NFL draft. He also played for the Buffalo Bills.
Motion JPEG
Motion JPEG (M-JPEG or MJPEG) is a video compression format in which each video frame or interlaced field of a digital video sequence is compressed separately as a JPEG image.

Originally developed for multimedia PC applications, Motion JPEG enjoys broad client support: most major web browsers and players provide native support, and plug-ins are available for the rest. Software and devices using the M-JPEG standard include media players, game consoles, digital cameras, IP cameras, webcams, streaming servers, video cameras, and non-linear video editors.

Image compression
Image compression is a type of data compression applied to digital images, to reduce their cost for storage or transmission. Algorithms may take advantage of visual perception and the statistical properties of image data to provide superior results compared with generic data compression methods which are used for other digital data.
Amargarh Fort
The Amargarh Fort is a fort in Rajasthan, India. It is located in Amargarh village near Jahazpur, Bhilwara district. It is often overshadowded by other Rajasthani forts like Amber or Mehrangarh, but it holds cultural and historical significance, especially for the Meena community and Jadon Rajputs. The fort was probably built around 1745 AD by Raja Amar Mal ji, a key figure in the Jadon Rajput clan, who claimed descent from Lord Krishna as Chandravanshi (moon descendants). The fort was later converted into a heritage hotel.

Jadaun (clan)
Jadaun, also known as Jadon, is a Rajput clan of Indian origin. They claim descent from the Yaduvanshi lineage of the Chandravanshi dynasty. They further claim to be the descendants of Krishna, a major deity in Hinduism. It is believed that they once ruled the state of Mathura (now part of Mathura district in Uttar Pradesh) and later shifted to Bayana and Karauli (both in modern-day state of Rajasthan).

A sub-group of Charan Banjara caste is also known by the name Jadon.
Gazipaşa–Alanya Airport
Gazipaşa Airport (IATA: GZP, ICAO: LTFG) is an airport which serves the Gazipaşa, Anamur, Alanya, Kargıcak, Kestel, Payallar, Avsallar, Okurcalar, Kızılağaç and Side areas of the Antalya Province in Turkey. The airport opened for domestic flights in July 2010 with daily flights from Istanbul with Borajet. International flights began in the 2011 holiday season, with flights from Amsterdam. The new airport is only 30 minutes by road from Alanya compared to a travel time of two hours between Alanya and Antalya Airport, which was previously the nearest airport, 120 km away.

Payallar, Alanya
Payallar is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Alanya, Antalya Province, Turkey. Its population is 9,691 (2022). This place is located on the southern coast of Turkey. Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde).
C.D. Fuerte San Francisco
Club Deportivo Fuerte San Francisco is a football club  based in San Francisco Gotera, El Salvador that plays in the Primera División, the top flight of Salvadoran football. Nicknamed Los Comandos Azules (The blue commanders), the club has won two league second division titles, Seven third divisions titles and one promotional titles.

To be announced
To be announced (TBA) is a placeholder  term used very broadly in event planning to indicate that although something is scheduled or expected to happen, a particular aspect of it remains to be fixed or set. Other versions of the term include to be confirmed (TBC) and to be determined, discussed, defined, decided, declared, or done (TBD).
The Enchanted Pose
The Enchanted Pose was a 1927 painting by René Magritte depicting a side-by-side pair of identical female nudes in a bare interior. It has been lost since the 1930s.

In 2013, technicians From MoMa examining Magritte paintings using x-ray fluorescence discovered fragments of the composition concealed under two compositions Magritte painted in the 1930s. One was The Portrait (1935) held at MoMa, the other one was The Red Model (1935) at Stockholm's Moderna Museet.

Sometime between 1927 and the mid-1930s, Magritte had cut the painting into pieces and recycled the canvas, to be painted over. In 2016, a third fragment was identified under a painting entitled The Human Condition (1935) in the Norwich Castle Museum & Art Gallery. In 2017, it was announced that the fourth and final fragment was found under his work God is not a Saint (c. 1935–36), located in the Magritte Museum, in Brussels.

Norwich Castle
Norwich Castle is a medieval royal fortification in the city of Norwich, in the English county of Norfolk. William the Conqueror (1066–1087) ordered its construction in the aftermath of the Norman Conquest of England. The castle was used as a gaol from 1220 to 1887. In 1894, the Norwich Museum moved to Norwich Castle. The museum and art gallery holds significant objects from the region, especially works of art, archaeological finds and natural history specimens.

The historic national importance of the Norwich Castle site was recognised in 1915 with its listing as a scheduled monument. The castle buildings, including the keep, attached gothic style gatehouse and former prison wings, were given Grade I listed building status in 1954. The castle is one of the city's twelve heritage sites, and is managed by the Norfolk Museums Service.

The interior of the keep was reconstructed over five years to how it would have looked in the early 12th century, fully reopening in August 2025.
Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering & Technology
Ghani Khan Choudhury Institute of Engineering & Technology is a central government funded engineering college, one of the 35 GFTIs under Ministry of the Education located in the Malda district of West Bengal, India. Former Prime Minister Manmohan Singh laid the foundation stone on March 16, 2013, Government of India earmarked an initial outlay of ₹97 crore. Initially Union Govt appointed National Institute of Technology, Durgapur as a mentor institute for The institution. The institute is affiliated by Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology for awarding a bachelor's degree in engineering.

The founding director of the institute was Prof. Parameswara Rao Alapati, Distinguished Professor of Physics from North Eastern Regional Institute of Science and Technology, Arunachal Pradesh. Present director of the institute is Prof. Siby John who was also a Professor Civil Engineering and former Dean at Punjab Engineering College.

Ministry of Education (India)
The Ministry of Education (MoE) is a ministry of the Government of India, responsible for the implementation of the National Policy on Education. The ministry is further divided into two departments: the Department of School Education and Literacy, which deals with primary, secondary and higher secondary education, adult education and literacy, and the Department of Higher Education, which deals with university level education, technical education, scholarships, etc.

The current education minister is Dharmendra Pradhan, a member of the Council of Ministers. India has had a Ministry of Education since 1947. In 1985, the Rajiv Gandhi government changed its name to the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), and with the newly drafted "National Education Policy 2020" by the Narendra Modi government, the Ministry of Human Resource Development was renamed back to the Ministry of Education.
Manol Atanassov
Manol Atanassov (Bulgarian: Манол Атанасов; born 27 September 1991 in Plovdiv) is a Bulgarian figure skater. He is the 2012 Denkova-Staviski Cup bronze medalist and a two-time Bulgarian national champion. He competed in the final segment at the 2013 European Championships in Zagreb, Croatia.

Atanassov emigrated to the United States at an early age. He started skating in 2003 and began representing Bulgaria in international competition in March 2010, at the 2010 World Junior Championships in The Hague, Netherlands.

Denkova-Staviski Cup
The Denkova-Staviski Cup is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by the Bulgarian Skating Federation (Bulgarian: Българска федерация по фигурно пързаляне) and the Denkova-Staviski Skating Club (Bulgarian: Кънки клуб Денкова - Стависки) at the Winter Sports Palace in Sofia, Bulgaria. The competition debuted in 2012 and is named in honor of Albena Denkova and Maxim Staviski, who competed internationally in ice dance for Bulgaria.

Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance at the senior and junior levels, although not every discipline is held every year. Misha Ge of Uzbekistan holds the record for winning the most Denkova-Staviski Cup titles in men's singles (with three), while Alexandra Feigin of Bulgaria holds the record in women's singles (with four).
Metisella abdeli
Metisella abdeli, the eastern sylph, is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Cameroon, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique, Zimbabwe and Eswatini. The habitat consists of forests.

Adults are on wing year round.

Skipper (butterfly)
Skippers are a group of butterflies placed in the family Hesperiidae within the order Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies). They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea, but have since been placed in the superfamily Papilionoidea (the butterflies). They are named for their quick, darting flight habits. Most have their antenna tips modified into narrow, hook-like projections. Moreover, skippers mostly lack wing-coupling structure available in most moths. More than 3500 species of skippers are recognized, and they occur worldwide, but with the greatest diversity in the Neotropical regions of Central and South America.
Golden Triangle (Montana)
The Golden Triangle of Montana is a folk region in the northern plains of Montana, United States, renowned for its extensive wheat farming. Situated between the cities of Shelby, Great Falls, and Havre, this area encompasses some of the most productive agricultural land in the state. The fertile soil, combined with favorable climatic conditions, has made the Golden Triangle a vital agricultural hub, contributing significantly to Montana's economy and its status as a top producer of wheat in the nation.

Havre, Montana
Havre (/ˈhævər/ HAV-ər) is the county seat of and the largest city in Hill County, Montana, United States. Havre is nicknamed the crown jewel of the Hi-Line. It is said to be named after the city of Le Havre in France. As of the 2020 census the population was 9,362.
2025 Greenlandic local elections
Local elections were held in Greenland on 1 April 2025 to elect the members of the 5 municipal councils. Turnout was significantly down from both the previous municipal elections in 2021 and from the general election less than a month prior. The election saw the Siumut party regain ground after finishing fourth in the general election.

Siumut
Siumut (SIU, Greenlandic: Siumut [siumut]; Danish: Fremad; lit. 'Forward') is a political party in Greenland in the social democratic tradition. Since the establishment of home rule in 1979, it has been the dominant party in Greenland. Siumut is led by Erik Jensen, who beat the incumbent Prime Minister Kim Kielsen in a tight leadership contest in late 2020. Party members have been elected to both the Inatsisartut (or Landstinget, the Parliament of Greenland) and the Folketinget (the Parliament of the Kingdom of Denmark).
Presidency of Telecommunication and Communication
The Directorate of Telecommunication and Communication was Turkey's telecom authority prior to being shut down in August 2016. The organization's acronym in Turkish "TIB" had become synonymous for internet censorship by the time of closure due to its appearance on tens of thousands of internet block pages. It was part of the Information and Communication Technologies Authority, which is now directly responsible for duties previously tasked to the directorate.

Its 2014 blocking of Twitter was ruled to be unconstitutional.

Constitution of Turkey
The Constitution of Turkey, formally known as the Constitution of the Republic of Türkiye (Turkish: Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Anayasası), and informally as the Constitution of 1982 (Turkish: 1982 Anayasası), is Turkey's fundamental law. It establishes the organization of the government, and sets out the principles and rules of the state's conduct along with its responsibilities in regard to its citizens. The constitution also establishes the rights and responsibilities of the latter while setting the guidelines for the delegation and exercise that sovereignty belongs entirely and without doubt to the people.

The constitution was ratified on 7 November 1982. It replaced the earlier Constitution of 1961. The constitution was amended 21 times, three of them through a referendum: 2007, 2010, 2017, one of them partly through referendum: 1987. As of April 2017, 117 of the 177 articles of the Constitution of 1982 were amended overall.
Augusto Teixeira de Freitas
Augusto Teixeira de Freitas (1816–1883) was a prominent Brazilian jurist whose prolific writings inspired all South American private law codifications.

After studies at Olinda and São Paulo, Teixeira de Freitas practiced law as an advocate and jurisconsult. As president of the Order of Advocates and legal counsel to the State Council of the Empire of Brazil, he composed the first systematic compilation of Brazilian civil law (Consolidação das Leis Civis, 1857), which served in lieu of a civil code effectively until 1916.

His magnum opus, the Esboço de Código Civil (1860–64), a draft civil code, remained incomplete after 4,908 articles had been written, at which point the government released the exhausted jurist from his commission. The Esboço was nonetheless a pioneering work and constituted the basis of later codifications in Brazil, Argentina (by Dalmacio Velez Sarsfield) and the rest of South America.

Codification (law)
In law, codification is the process of collecting and restating the law of a jurisdiction in certain areas, usually by subject, forming a legal code, i.e. a codex (book) of law.

Codification is one of the defining features for most civil law jurisdictions. In common law systems, such as that of English law, codification is the process of converting and consolidating judge-made law or uncodified statutes enacted by the legislature into codified statute law.
Jeremy C. Stein
Jeremy Chaim Stein (born October 17, 1960) is an American economist and the Moise Y. Safra Professor of Economics at Harvard University; he also chaired Harvard's economics department. He served as a member of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors from 2012 to 2014. Stein served as president of the American Finance Association in 2008.

Moise Safra
Moise Yacoub Safra  (Arabic: موسى  يَعْقُوب صفرا ; April 5, 1934 – June 15, 2014) was a Lebanese-Brazilian businessman and philanthropist of Syrian descent. He co-founded Banco Safra with his brothers Edmond Safra and Joseph Safra.
Eric Goles
Eric Antonio Goles Chacc (born August 21, 1951, in Antofagasta, Chile) is a Chilean mathematician and computer scientist of Croatian descent. He studied mathematical engineering at the University of Chile before earning two doctorates from the University of Grenoble in France. His research focuses on discrete mathematics, theoretical computer science, complex systems, and cellular automata.

Goles is currently a full professor at Adolfo Ibáñez University in Chile, where he founded and directs a Ph.D. program in complex systems.

In 1993, Goles was awarded Chile's National Prize for Exact Sciences. He also served as President of CONICYT, the Chilean equivalent of the National Science Foundation in the U.S..

Adolfo Ibáñez University
The Adolfo Ibáñez University (Spanish: Universidad Adolfo Ibáñez) (UAI) is a private research university in Santiago, Chile, associated with the Adolfo Ibáñez Foundation. In 1988, in accordance with new educational legislation, a new university was founded based on the Valparaiso Business School (Escuela de Negocios de Valparaiso), an older institution for professional teaching in business administration founded in 1953 by Adolfo Ibáñez Boggiano. The newer university would take its name some decades later.

In the Chilean higher educational scheme, UAI is a private university accredited in the country by the Comisión Nacional de Acreditación (CNA) and internationally by the Triple Accreditation.

The Adolfo Ibañez University is ranked the 1st Private University in Chile by América Economía and the CSIC (Spanish institution for University research).
Vitry-lès-Cluny
Vitry-lès-Cluny is a former commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in eastern France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune La Vineuse sur Fregande.

Bourgogne-Franche-Comté
Bourgogne-Franche-Comté (French pronunciation: [buʁɡɔɲ fʁɑ̃ʃ kɔ̃te] ⓘ; lit. 'Burgundy-Free County', sometimes abbreviated BFC; Arpitan: Borgogne-Franche-Comtât) is a region in northeastern France created by the 2014 territorial reform of French regions, from a merger of Burgundy and Franche-Comté. The new region came into existence on 1 January 2016, after the regional elections of December 2015, electing 100 members to the Regional Council of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.

The region covers an area of 47,783 km2 (18,449 sq mi) and eight departments; it had a population of 2,811,423 in 2017. Its prefecture and largest city is Dijon, although the regional council sits in Besançon, making Bourgogne-Franche-Comté one of two regions in France (along with Normandy) in which the prefect does not sit in the same city as the regional council.