hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hawes Spencer
Hawes Spencer is the founder and editor of The Hook, the weekly newspaper in Charlottesville, Virginia and the Shenandoah Valley. He is also a founder of Charlottesville's other alternative newsweekly C-ville Weekly and owned and operated Charlottesville's Jefferson Theater from 1992 to 2006.

Alternative newspaper
An alternative newspaper is a type of newspaper that eschews comprehensive coverage of general news in favor of stylized reporting, opinionated reviews and columns, investigations into edgy topics and magazine-style feature stories highlighting local people and culture. Its news coverage is more locally focused, and their target audiences are younger than those of daily newspapers. Typically, alternative newspapers are published in tabloid format and printed on newsprint. Other names for such publications include alternative weekly, alternative newsweekly, and alt weekly, as the majority circulate on a weekly schedule.

Most metropolitan areas of the United States and Canada are home to at least one alternative paper. These papers are generally found in such urban areas, although a few publish in smaller cities, in rural areas or exurban areas where they may be referred to as an alt monthly  due to the less frequent publication schedule.
Ficus membranacea
Ficus membranacea is a species of flowering plant in the family Moraceae, commonly known as amate. It is a tree native to the tropical Americas, including northern, central, and southwestern Mexico, Cuba, Jamaica, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. It is a hemiepiphytic tree which grows 10–30 meters tall. It grows in tropical deciduous forests, gallery forests, and secondary vegetation from 25 to 2,000 meters elevation.

Moraceae
Moraceae is a family of flowering plants comprising about 48 genera and over 1100 species, and is commonly known as the mulberry or fig family. Most are widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, less so in temperate climates; however, their distribution is cosmopolitan overall. The only common characteristics within the family are the presence of latex-producing glands in the leaves and stems, and milky sap in the soft tissues; but generally useful field characters include two carpels sometimes with one reduced, compound inconspicuous flowers, and compound fruits. The family includes well-known plants such as the common fig, breadfruit, jackfruit and mulberry. The 'flowers' of Moraceae are often pseudanthia (reduced inflorescences).
Gómez Núñez
Gómez Núñez (or Gomes Nunes in Portuguese; floruit 1071–1141) was a Galician and Portuguese political and military leader in the Kingdom of León. His power lay in the valley of the Minho, mainly on the north side, bounded by the Atlantic on the west and corresponding approximately with the Diocese of Tui. There, according to a contemporary source, he had "a strong site, a fence of castles and a multitude of knights and infantry."

In the civil wars of the reign of Urraca (1109–26), he favoured her son, the future Alfonso VII (1126–57), and is counted among the Galician leaders of the latter's cause, with Diego Gelmírez and Pedro Fróilaz de Traba. In the early 1120s, after peace had been made between Urraca and Alfonso, he was an ally of Theresa, Countess of Portugal, and her lover, Fernando Pérez. He initially supported Alfonso against Theresa's son, Afonso Henriques, but his last public act was to throw his support behind Afonso's incipient Kingdom of Portugal. He died in exile.

Theresa, Countess of Portugal
Theresa (Portuguese: Teresa; Galician-Portuguese: Tareja or Tareixa; Latin: Theresia) (c. 1080 – 11 November 1130) was Countess of Portugal, and for a time claimant to be its independent Queen. She rebelled against her half-sister Queen Urraca of León. She was recognised as Queen by Pope Paschal II in 1116, but was captured and forced to accept Portugal's vassalage to León in 1121, being allowed to keep her royal title. Her political alliance and amorous liaison with Galician nobleman Fernando Pérez de Traba led to her being ousted by her son, Afonso Henriques, who with the support of the Portuguese nobility and clergy, defeated her at the Battle of São Mamede in 1128.
Wood shadow cabinet
Leanne Wood became Leader of the Opposition in the National Assembly for Wales after Plaid Cymru became the largest party not in government after the 2016 National Assembly for Wales election. 12 Plaid Cymru AMs were elected, as opposed to 11 Welsh Conservative AMs.

Plaid Cymru had not formed the official opposition since the Shadow Cabinet of Ieuan Wyn Jones, ending in 2007, having been in government from 2007-2011 and the third largest party from 2011-2016. Wood had served as leader of Plaid Cymru since 2012, and appointed her Shadow Cabinet in May 2016.

In October 2016, Dafydd Elis-Thomas left Plaid Cymru, moving to sit as an independent AM. This tied Plaid Cymru and the Welsh Conservatives on 11 seats, meaning no official opposition was formed. In April 2017, Mark Reckless joined the Welsh Conservative group in the Senedd, meaning the Welsh Conservatives now formed the official opposition, leading Andrew RT Davies to form his Second Shadow Cabinet.

Leader of the Opposition (Wales)
In the Senedd, the Leader of the Opposition (Welsh: Arweinydd yr Wrthblaid) is the leader of the Official Opposition (Welsh: Yr Wrthblaid Swyddogol), the largest political party that is not in the Welsh Government. The Leader of the Opposition leads and appoints members of the Shadow Cabinet and as such is sometimes styled as the Shadow First Minister of Wales (Shadow First Secretary before 2000).

Fron 5 December 2024 to 20 January 2026 the Leader of the Opposition in the Senedd was Darren Millar, from the Welsh Conservatives. The post is currently vacant. To date the office has been held by seven individuals from 1997, beginning with Dafydd Wigley. Three have been from Plaid Cymru and four from the Welsh Conservatives. Only one, Ieuan Wyn Jones, has gone on to serve in the Welsh Government.
Thorsten Jonsson
Thorsten Jonsson (1910–1950) was a Swedish writer, journalist and translator.

Jonsson grew up in a small village in Västerbotten. He studied at Stockholms högskola and then worked as journalist for various newspapers, including Dagens Nyheter. In 1943 he became Dagens Nyheters correspondent in United States. A selection of his articles as a correspondent were published in the book Sidor av Amerika in 1946.

Jonsson was praised for his translations of American writers like Ernest Hemingway and John Steinbeck and wrote several essays on contemporary American literature. Six studies were published in the book Sex amerikaner: Hemingway, Faulkner, Steinbeck, Caldwell, Farrell, Saroyan in 1942.

As a writer he published two books of poems, two short story collections and the acclaimed novel Konvoj, published in 1947. Dimman från havet, a book of four stories set in America, an essay collection and his collected short stories were published posthumously.

Stockholm University
Stockholm University (SU) (Swedish: Stockholms universitet) is a public research university in Stockholm, Sweden, founded as a college in 1878, with university status since 1960. With over 33,000 students at four different faculties: law, humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences, it is one of the largest universities in Scandinavia.

Stockholm University was granted university status in 1960, making it the fourth oldest Swedish university. As with other public universities in Sweden, Stockholm University's mission includes teaching and research anchored in society at large.
Electrostatic force microscope
Electrostatic force microscopy (EFM) is a type of dynamic non-contact atomic force microscopy where the electrostatic force is probed. ("Dynamic" here means that the cantilever is oscillating and does not make contact with the sample). This force arises due to the attraction or repulsion of separated charges.  It is a long-range force and can be detected 100 nm or more from the sample.

Charge (physics)
In physics, a charge is any of many different quantities, such as the electric charge in electromagnetism or the color charge in quantum chromodynamics. Charges correspond to the time-invariant generators of a symmetry group, and specifically, to the generators that commute with the Hamiltonian.  Charges are often denoted by ⁠⁠, and so the invariance of the charge corresponds to the vanishing commutator ⁠⁠, where  is the Hamiltonian. Thus, charges are associated with conserved quantum numbers; these are the eigenvalues of the generator . A "charge" can also refer to a point-shaped object with an electric charge and a position, such as in the method of image charges.
Kuloy
Kuloy (Russian: Кулóй) is an urban locality (a work settlement) in Velsky District of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia, located on the Kuloy River, 570 kilometers (350 mi) from Arkhangelsk and 24 kilometers (15 mi) from Velsk, the administrative center of the district.

Arkhangelsk
Arkhangelsk (Russian: Архангельск, pronounced [ɐrˈxanɡʲɪlʲsk]) is a city and the administrative center of Arkhangelsk Oblast, Russia. It lies on both banks of the Northern Dvina near its mouth into the White Sea. The city spreads for over 40 kilometres (25 mi) along the banks of the river and numerous islands of its delta. Arkhangelsk was the chief seaport of medieval and early modern Russia until 1703, when it was replaced by the newly founded Saint Petersburg.

A 1,133-kilometer-long (704 mi) railway runs from Arkhangelsk to Moscow via Vologda and Yaroslavl, and air travel is served by the Talagi Airport and the smaller Vaskovo Airport. As of the 2021 Census, the city's population was 301,199.
Salon, India
Salon is a town and nagar panchayat in Raebareli district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It serves as the headquarters of a tehsil as well as a community development block. Originally it was also the headquarters of the entire district, but they were moved after the Indian Rebellion of 1857. It is located a bit to the south of the Sai river, at the junction of the Raebareli-Pratapgarh and Jais-Khaga roads. Other roads lead to Dalmau, Manikpur, and Kunda. To the east is a large jhil.

Salon is located at 26°02′N 81°27′E﻿ / ﻿26.03°N 81.45°E﻿ / 26.03; 81.45. It has an average elevation of 110 metres (360 feet).

As of 2011, Salon had a population of 14,757, in 2,130 households.

Nagar panchayat
A nagar panchayat (transl. 'town council') or town panchayat or Notified Area Council (NAC) in India is a settlement in transition from rural to urban and therefore a form of an urban political unit comparable to a municipality. An urban centre with more than 12,000 and less than 40,000 inhabitants is classified as a nagar panchayat. The population requirement for a town panchayat can vary from state to state.

Such councils are formed under the panchayati raj administrative system. In census data, the abbreviation T.P. is used to indicate a "town panchayat". Tamil Nadu was the first state to introduce the panchayat town as an intermediate step between rural villages and urban local bodies (ULB). The structure and the functions of the nagar panchayat are decided by the state government.
Jodi Matterson
Jodi Matterson is an Australian producer who has produced films and TV series including Penguin Bloom (2020), The Dry (2020), Wolf Like Me (2022) and Nine Perfect Strangers, with Nicole Kidman. Matterson was managing director, Australia of film production company Made Up Stories alongside Bruna Papandrea and Steve Hutensky. Matterson exited Made Up Stories in April 2024 and launched her new film production company, Silent Firework.

Penguin Bloom
Penguin Bloom is a 2020 Australian drama film directed by Glendyn Ivin, from a screenplay by Shaun Grant and Harry Cripps, and is based on the book of the same name by Cameron Bloom and Bradley Trevor Greive. It stars Naomi Watts, Andrew Lincoln and Jacki Weaver. The book and film are based on a true story of Sam and Cameron Bloom's family and their interactions with an Australian magpie named 'Penguin'.

It was theatrically released in Australia by Roadshow Films on 21 January 2021 and digitally in the United States by Netflix on 27 January.
Manifesto Kebudayaan
The Cultural Manifesto (Republican spelling Indonesian: Manifes Kebudajaan, EYD: Manifes Kebudayaan, abbreviated Manikebu) was a declaration by a group of Indonesian writers and intellectuals in late 1963, including HB Jassin, Gunawan Mohamad, Gerson Poyk, and Taufiq Ismail. The group that constituted the Cultural Manifesto was in ideological contrast to Lekra (Lembaga Kebudayaan Rakyat). Members of the Lekra movement nicknamed the Cultural Manifesto "Manikebu," a humorous abbreviation that in English means "Buffalo Sperm."

Republican Spelling System
The Republican Spelling System (in Indonesian: ejaan Republik, when written in the current spelling system, or edjaan Repoeblik, when written in this spelling system) or Soewandi Spelling (in Indonesian: ejaan Suwandi, when written in the current spelling system, or edjaan Soewandi, when written in this spelling system) was the orthography used for Indonesian from 19 March 1947 until 17 August 1972. It was named after the Indonesian Minister of Learning at the time, Raden Soewandi.
Valentin Kurbatov
Valentin Yakovlevich Kurbatov (Russian: Валенти́н Я́ковлевич Курба́тов) (29 September 1939 – 6 March 2021) was a Russian literary critic, prose writer, jury member of the Yasnaya Polyana Literary Award, member of the Writers' Union of Russia. He was also member of the Public Chamber of Russia from 2010 to 2014 and member of the Presidential Council for Culture. He was holder of the Medal of Pushkin, Order of Friendship and laureate of the State Prize of the Russian Federation (2020) in the field of literature.

Civic Chamber of the Russian Federation
The Civic Chamber of the Russian Federation (Russian: Общественная палата Российской Федерации), sometimes shortened to Civic Chamber (Russian: Общественная палата), is a consultative civil society institution with 168 members created in 2005 in Russia to analyze draft legislation and monitor the activities of the parliament, government, and other government bodies of Russia and its Federal Subjects. It has a role similar to an oversight committee and has consultative powers. A convocation of the chamber is in power for a three-year term.
Liana Ruokytė-Jonsson
Liana Ruokytė-Jonsson (born 1966) is a Lithuanian politician. From 13 December 2016 to 21 December 2018, she served as Minister of Culture in the Skvernelis Cabinet led by Prime Minister Saulius Skvernelis.

Skvernelis Cabinet
Skvernelis Cabinet was the 17th cabinet of Lithuania since 1990. At the end of its term, it consisted of Prime Minister Saulius Skvernelis, who served as the Head of Government, and 14 government ministers from the Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union, Social Democratic Labour Party of Lithuania, and Electoral Action of Poles in Lithuania – Christian Families Alliance. In the beginning, the Social Democratic Party was a member of the coalition, while the Social Democratic Labour Party had not been formed yet and the Electoral Action of Poles was not a member of the coalition. The Order and Justice party joined the coalition in 2019 before dissolving itself.
Bareback (album)
Bareback is the first album by the American rock band Wild Horses.

Shortly before the recording of this album, former Shout lead vocalist John Levesque replaced the band's original lead vocalist Johnny Edwards, who left to replace Lou Gramm in the band Foreigner.

The band split up after the release of this album. They eventually reunited in 2002, recording their second album Dead Ahead, which was released in 2003.

Bassist Jeff Pilson is credited as an additional musician. There are claims that he actually played all of the bass on the album.

Jeff Pilson and James Kottak had previously played together in Michael Lee Firkins's backing band and later played together in the McAuley Schenker Group.

Johnny Edwards (musician)
John Douglas Edwards is an American rock singer who sang for the bands Buster Brown, Montrose, King Kobra, Wild Horses, Northrup, Royal Jelly and is best known as the second lead singer of the rock band Foreigner.
Cassiope lycopodioides
Cassiope lycopodioides is a plant species in the family Ericaceae, known by the common names clubmoss mountain-heather or Haida Gwaii mountain-heather. The species is native to northeast Asia and northwestern North America, where it grows on rocky slopes and crevices in arctic tundra and alpine tundra at elevations up to 2000 m.

Hida Mountains
The Hida Mountains (飛騨山脈, Hida Sanmyaku), or Northern Alps (北アルプス, Kita Arupusu), is a Japanese mountain range which stretches through Nagano, Toyama and Gifu prefectures. A small portion of the mountains also reach into Niigata Prefecture. William Gowland coined the phrase "Japanese Alps" during his time in Japan, but he was only referring to the Hida Mountains when he used that name. The Kiso and Akaishi mountains received the name in the ensuing years.
Andrew Green (librarian)
Andrew M. Green MCLIP, FLSW is a published author. From 1998 to 2013, he was the Librarian of the National Library of Wales in Aberystwyth, a position which was inaugurated on 1 January 1909, when the Library came into existence. He was the 9th holder of the position.

Green previously worked in university libraries, including the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth (1973–74), University College Cardiff (1975–89) and the University of Sheffield (1989–92). Upon leaving the University of Sheffield, he became the Director of Library and Information Services at the University of Wales, Swansea (1992–98).

Green was born and raised in England. Consequently, he is not a native Welsh speaker. However, he is fluent in the language. At the 2009 National Eisteddfod, the Gorsedd of Bards honoured him with bestowal of the white bardic robes of a druid. His bardic name is Gwallter bach ("Little Walter").

Gorsedd Cymru
Gorsedd Cymru (Welsh pronunciation: [ˈɡɔrsɛð ˈkəmrɨ, -ri]), or simply the Gorsedd (Welsh: yr Orsedd), is a society of Welsh-language poets, writers, musicians and others who have contributed to the Welsh language and to public life in Wales. Its aim is to honour such individuals and help develop and promote their fields in addition to maintaining relationships with other Celtic nations and Y Wladfa in Patagonia. The Gorsedd is most prominent at the National Eisteddfod of Wales where it is responsible for the main ceremonies held.
SmarTrip
SmarTrip is a contactless payment system for public transit in the Washington metropolitan area, managed by the Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. SmarTrip is accepted on the Washington Metro, Metrobus, and local bus services in Northern Virginia.

SmarTrip was introduced in 1999 on the Washington Metro, and began rolling out to buses in 2002. The Maryland Transit Administration partnered with WMATA to operate the CharmCard, a version of the SmarTrip card that was used for local transit services in the Baltimore metropolitan area from 2010 to 2025.

SmarTrip was initially criticized for its slow rollout, and some Metro stations did not have SmarTrip vending machines until 2012. SmarTrip system upgrades since 2020 have allowed users to add their SmarTrip cards to Apple Pay and Google Wallet. Contactless credit and debit cards have been accepted on SmarTrip readers on the Washington Metro and Metrobus since 2025, branded as "Tap. Ride. Go."

Baltimore metropolitan area
The Baltimore–Columbia–Towson Metropolitan Statistical Area, also known as Central Maryland, is a metropolitan statistical area (MSA) in Maryland as defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget (OMB). It is part of the larger Washington–Baltimore combined statistical area. As of 2022, the combined population of the seven counties is 2,985,871, making it the 20th-largest metropolitan statistical area in the nation.

The area has the fourth-highest median household income in the United States, at $66,970 as of 2012.
Simon Stevin (journal)
Simon Stevin was a Dutch language academic journal in pure and applied mathematics, or Wiskunde as the field is known in Dutch. Published in Ghent, edited by Guy Hirsch, it ran for 67 volumes until 1993. The journal is named after Simon Stevin (1548–1620), a Flemish mathematician and engineer.

In 1994, a second series was started from volume 1 under the title Bulletin of the Belgian Mathematical Society - Simon Stevin, and publishes mainly in English. Volumes of the second series are available from Project Euclid: Bulletin of the Belgian Mathematical Society - Simon Stevin.

The editor-in-chief is Stefaan Caenepeel.

Simon Stevin
Simon Stevin (Dutch: [ˈsimɔn steːˈvɪn]; 1548–1620), sometimes called Stevinus, was a Flemish mathematician, scientist and music theorist. He made various contributions in many areas of science and engineering, both theoretical and practical. He also translated various mathematical terms into Dutch, making it one of the few European languages in which the word for mathematics, wiskunde (wis and kunde, i.e., "the knowledge of what is certain"), was not a loanword from Greek but a calque via Latin. He also replaced the word chemie, the Dutch for chemistry, by scheikunde ("the art of separating"), made in analogy with wiskunde.
Leonardo Cavallini
Leonardo Cavallini (4 June 1939 – 11 July 2023) was an Italian bobsledder who competed in the late 1960s. He won a silver medal in the two-man event at the 1966 FIBT World Championships in Cortina d'Ampezzo. Cavallini also finished sixth in the four-man event at the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble.

1968 Winter Olympics
The 1968 Winter Olympics, officially known as the X Olympic Winter Games (French: Les Xes Jeux olympiques d'hiver), were a winter multi-sport event held from 6 to 18 February 1968 in Grenoble, France. Thirty-seven countries participated.

The 1968 Winter Games marked the first time the IOC permitted East and West Germany to enter separately, and the first time the IOC ordered drug and gender testing of competitors.

Norway won the most gold and overall medals, the first time since the 1952 Winter Olympics that the Soviet Union did not top the medal table by both parameters.
Kebelj
Kebelj (pronounced [ˈkeːbəl], German: Köbl) is a village in the Municipality of Slovenska Bistrica in northeastern Slovenia. It lies in the Pohorje Hills, north of Oplotnica. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Drava Statistical Region.

The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint Margaret (Slovene: Sveta Marjeta) and belongs to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Maribor. It dates to the late 14th century, with numerous later adaptations.

Archdiocese of Maribor
The Archdiocese of Maribor (Latin: Archidioecesis Mariborensis, Slovene: Nadškofija Maribor) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical jurisdiction or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Slovenia. Its episcopal see is Maribor.
Dakshinapan Shopping Center
The Dakshinapan Shopping Center is on Gariahat Road, right at the foot of Dhakuria Rail Overbridge (Shri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu Setu) in Dhakuria, Kolkata. It is spread over 57,000 sqft area and has 141 shops. It was launched by the Kolkata Improvement Trust (KIT) in 1988. It is an open-air cultural spot cum shopping complex, the latter consisting mainly of various types of State emporiums from all over India dealing in handlooms, handicrafts, textiles, furniture, fancy goods and imitation jewelry. It also houses Madhusudan Mancha and Children Little Theater. Madhusudan Mancha stages dramas, dances, recitals and other forms of performing arts organized by leading professional artists as well as theatre groups in the city. During 15th Kolkata Film festival in 2009, Madhusudan Mancha hosted 28 films.

Loom
A loom is a device used to weave cloth and tapestry. The basic purpose of any loom is to hold the warp threads under tension to facilitate the interweaving of the weft threads. The precise shape of the loom and its mechanics may vary, but the basic function is the same.