hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Settle Bridge
Settle Bridge is a historic road bridge connecting Settle with Giggleswick in North Yorkshire, in England.

The bridge was probably built in the late 17th century, on the route connecting Keighley with Kendal.  When the road was turnpiked, a toll bar was added at the bridge.  In 1837, the bridge was widened on the south side by 4 feet (1.2 m), making it 14 feet (4.3 m) wide.  Its parapet walls were added in the 19th century.  The bridge was grade II* listed in 1987, and was formerly a scheduled ancient monument.  It carries the B6480 road over the River Ribble, and the Ribble Way long-distance footpath passes its north end.

The bridge is built of stone and consists of two elliptical arches.  It has four ribs on the upstream side of each arch, chamfered at the base, and a cutwater, also on the upstream side.

Ribble Way
The Ribble way is a long-distance walk between the Lancashire coast and the Yorkshire Dales National Park largely following the course of the River Ribble.

The route begins in Longton and ends at the source of the Ribble at Gayle Moor near Ribblehead, it is around 116 kilometres (72 mi) in length.

The route passes through a variety of landscapes including tidal marsh, open moorland and limestone gorges. It begins to the south of the Ribble estuary, the route then runs through Preston and on to the historic town of Clitheroe. Next it heads up into the Pennines to reach its source on remote Cam Fell.
Time of concentration
In hydrology, the time of concentration measures the response of a watershed to a rain event.  It is defined as the time needed for water to flow from the most remote point in a watershed to the watershed outlet.  It is a function of the topography, geology, and land use within the watershed. A number of methods can be used to calculate time of concentration, including the Kirpich (1940) and NRCS (1997) methods.

Time of concentration is useful in predicting flow rates that would result from hypothetical storms, which are based on statistically derived return periods through IDF curves.  For many (often economic) reasons, it is important for engineers and hydrologists to be able to accurately predict the response of a watershed to a given rain event.  This can be important for  infrastructure development (design of bridges, culverts, etc.) and management, as well as to assess flood risk such as the ARkStorm-scenario.

Intensity-duration-frequency curve
An intensity-duration-frequency curve (IDF curve) is a mathematical function that relates the intensity of an event (e.g. rainfall) with its duration and frequency of occurrence. Frequency is the inverse of the probability of occurrence. These curves are commonly used in hydrology for flood forecasting and civil engineering for urban drainage design. However, the IDF curves are also analysed in hydrometeorology because of the interest in the time concentration or time-structure of the rainfall, but it is also possible to define IDF curves for drought events. Additionally, applications of IDF curves to risk-based design are emerging outside of hydrometeorology, for example some authors developed IDF curves for food supply chain inflow shocks to US cities.
South West Wales Publications
South West Wales Publications (SWWP), part of the Northcliffe Media, is a regional newspaper publisher based in Swansea. The company produces eight local and regional paid-for and free titles including the:

South Wales Evening Post,

Carmarthen Journal,

Llanelli Star,

Swansea Herald of Wales, (until 2011)

Carmarthen Herald,

Neath & Port Talbot Tribune,

West Wales Tribune, and

The Sporting Post.

Llanelli Star
The Llanelli Star is a Welsh regional newspaper covering the areas of Llanelli and Carmarthen in the county of Carmarthenshire, Wales. It is published on a weekly basis in a tabloid form. The newspaper is published by Trinity Mirror, the same company behind the South Wales Evening Post. In 2012, Local World acquired South West Wales Publications owner Northcliffe Media from Daily Mail and General Trust. Geoffrey Lloyd was the editor from 1965 to his death in 1986.
Four Square (Smithfield, Virginia)
Four Square is a historic home and farm located near Smithfield, Isle of Wight County, Virginia. The original structure was built in 1807, and is a two-story, five-bay, L-shaped frame dwelling.  Also on the property are eight contributing domestic outbuildings, and a variety of barns and other farm buildings.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Isle of Wight County, Virginia
Isle of Wight County is a county in the Hampton Roads region of the U.S. state of Virginia. It is named after the Isle of Wight, England, south of the Solent, from where many of its early colonists had come. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,606. Its county seat is Isle of Wight, an unincorporated community. Isle of Wight County is in the Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Metropolitan Statistical Area. Its northeastern boundary is on the coast of Hampton Roads waterway.
St Mary's Mbeya Secondary School
St Mary's Mbeya Secondary School (SMMSS) is a school in Mbeya, Tanzania, located on the Tanzania-Zambia Highway.

It serves students from the Tanzania Southern Highlands, Dar Es Salaam, Morogoro, Arusha, and Iringa regions. Students also attend from Malawi and Zambia.

The school is a branch/campus of the St Mary's International Schools in Tanzania, founded by Hon. Rev. Dr. Gertrude Rwakatare, a senior bishop and co-founder (in 1995) of the Mikocheni Assemblies of God church at Mikocheni, Dar es Salaam.

Though founded in 2005 as a girls' boarding school, the school is now coeducational. Instruction is in English.

The school enrolls students in form one for a four-year course leading to the award of the Certificate of Secondary Education Examination (TZ). It has a wide variety of subjects with graduate teachers and also has well-stocked science and computer laboratories, staffed by qualified personnel. Intakes are from November of every year at the premises.

Mikocheni
Mikocheni (Kata ya Mikocheni, in Swahili)  is an administrative ward in Kinondoni District of the Dar es Salaam Region in Tanzania. The Kawe and Msasani form the north and east boundaries of the ward, respectively. The ward is bordered to the south by the Kinondoni and Mwananyamala. And last but not least,  Makongo to west of the ward. Many government organizations, notably the Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority, have their headquarters in the ward. According to the 2012 census, the ward has a population of 32,947.
Ridge Hill High School
Ridge Hill High School, also known as Ridge Spring Star Community Center, is a historic high-school building for African-American students located at Ridge Spring, Saluda County, South Carolina. It was built in 1934, and is a large, one-story, H-shaped building with a central multipurpose room and six classrooms. Ridge Hill was used as a high school until the 1956–1957 school year. It remains in use as a community center.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.

Community centre
A community centre, community center, or community hall is a public location where members of a community gather for group activities, social support, public information, and other purposes. They may be open for the whole community or for a specialized subgroup within the greater community. Community centres can be religious in nature, such as Christian churches, Islamic mosques, Jewish synagogues, Hindu temples, or Buddhist temples; though they can also be secular and in some cases government-run, such as youth clubs or Leisure centres.
Damaal Dumeel
Damaal Dumeel is a 2014 Indian Tamil-language black comedy-thriller film directed by Sree and produced by C J Jayakumar. The film features Vaibhav and Remya Nambeesan in the leading roles, while Sayaji Shinde and Kota Srinivasa Rao play pivotal roles. The film was released on 18 April 2014 to mostly positive reviews. The film was dubbed and released in Telugu as Dhana Dhan in 2016.

Kota Srinivasa Rao
Kota Srinivasa Rao (10 July 1942 – 13 July 2025) was an Indian actor and politician. Known for his work primarily in Telugu cinema and theatre, he also starred in a few films in Tamil, Hindi, Kannada and Malayalam. As a politician, Rao has served as the MLA from Vijayawada East in Andhra Pradesh, India from 1999 to 2004. He made his debut with the Telugu film Pranam Khareedu in 1978. He starred in over 750 feature films. He won nine state Nandi Awards in various categories of villain, character actor, and supporting actor. In 2012, he garnered the SIIMA Award for his work in Krishnam Vande Jagadgurum. In 2015, he was awarded the Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian honour, for his contribution to Indian cinema. Rao's last film appearance was Hari Hara Veera Mallu, which was released in 2025.
Siegmund Salfeld
Siegmund Salfeld (24 March 1843 – May 1926) was a German rabbi and writer. He was born at Stadthagen, Schaumburg-Lippe.

Having received his degree of Ph.D. from the University of Berlin in 1870, he became in the same year rabbi of Dessau, Anhalt. In 1880 he was chosen rabbi of Mainz. He collaborated on Meyers Konversations-Lexikon and the Jewish Encyclopedia. He died in Mainz, aged 83.

Meyers Konversations-Lexikon
Meyers Konversations-Lexikon or Meyers Lexikon was a major encyclopedia in the German language that existed in various editions, and by several titles, from 1839 to 1984, when it merged with the Brockhaus Enzyklopädie.

Joseph Meyer (1796–1856), who had founded the publishing house Bibliographisches Institut in 1826, intended to issue a universal encyclopaedia meant for a broad public: people having a general knowledge as well as businessmen, technicians and scholars, considering contemporary works like those of Pierer and Brockhaus to be superficial or obsolete.
Thato Khiba
Thato Khiba (born 5 August 1996) is a South African soccer player who plays as a midfielder for Stellenbosch in the South African Premier Division.

In his early career, he played for the reserve team of Kaizer Chiefs. Being released in August 2018, he contested the 2018–19 National First Division with Uthongathi before moving down to the third tier and African All Stars. He eventually earned a transfer to Marumo Gallants. Here, he made his first-tier debut in the 2021-22 South African Premier Division. With the Marumo Gallants, Khiba among others reached the semi-final of the 2022-23 CAF Confederation Cup. When Marumo Gallants were relegated in 2023, Khiba remained in the Premier Division through a transfer to TS Galaxy.

Reports about a transfer to a larger club began to surface in 2024, intensifying in January 2025. The transfer to Stellenbosch was confirmed in January 2025.

2018–19 National First Division
The 2018–19 National First Division was the season from August 2018 to May 2019 of South Africa's second tier of professional soccer, the National First Division. Stellenbosch FC were crowned champions on the final day, following a 0–0 draw with Maccabi FC.
Steve Marsh (footballer)
Stephen William Marsh (12 September 1924 – 5 March 2024) was an Australian rules footballer who represented South Fremantle and East Fremantle in the West Australian National Football League (WANFL) during the 1940s and 1950s.

Marsh is regarded as one of the finest rovers of his era. He was famed for his drop kicks to position.

Sandover Medal
The Sandover Medal is an Australian rules football award, given annually since 1921 to the fairest and best player in the West Australian Football League.  The award was donated by Alfred Sandover M.B.E., a prominent Perth hardware merchant and benefactor.
Union Bank of Delaware
The Union Bank of Delaware was a bank that operated in Wilmington, Delaware, from 1839 until its acquisition by Wilmington Trust in 1943.

It was chartered as a state bank on February 15, 1839, and was "soon recognized as one of the leading financial institutions in the state". On June 20, 1865, it was certified as a national bank and subsequently renamed the Union National Bank. In January 1887, it was reorganized as a National Bank.

Among its founding commissioners were Edward Tatnall, James A. Bayard Jr., William Lea, and Mahlon Betts. James Price was its first chairman. Its first cashier was William P. Brobson. James Canby was an early president. Later officers included Isaac Starr, Victor Du Pont, and Preston Lea.

In 1943, the bank was acquired by Wilmington Trust.

Charles I. du Pont
Charles Irénée du Pont (March 29, 1797 – January 31, 1869) was an American manufacturer and politician, and an early member of the prominent du Pont family business. He was a nephew of Éleuthère Irénée du Pont, the founder of the E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company, and a member of the Delaware Senate.
1982 Grand Prairie warehouse shootings
On August 9, 1982, a mass shooting and vehicle-ramming attack took place in Grand Prairie, Texas, United States. The perpetrator, 49-year-old John Parish, carried out a shooting around two warehouses he worked for before fleeing the scene in a stolen semi-trailer truck. Following a high-speed chase through the city's downtown area, Parish broke through a police barricade, injuring an officer, and crashed into a building. He was subsequently killed by police during a shootout.

It was the worst shooting rampage in Dallas–Fort Worth history at that time.

Semi-trailer truck
A semi-trailer truck (also known by a wide variety of other terms – see below) is the combination of a tractor unit and one or more semi-trailers to carry freight. A semi-trailer attaches to the tractor with a type of hitch called a fifth wheel.
Florida's Sports Coast Open
The Florida's Sports Coast Open is a tournament for professional female tennis players played on outdoor clay courts. The event is classified as a $60,000 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour tournament and has been held in Zephyrhills, Florida, United States, since 2023.

Zephyrhills, Florida
Zephyrhills is a city in Pasco County, Florida, United States. The population was counted at 17,194 in the 2020 census. The city is the headquarters of the Zephyrhills bottled water company. The current mayor is Melonie Monson.
Papiria gens
The gens Papiria was a patrician family at ancient Rome.  According to tradition, the Papirii had already achieved prominence in the time of the kings, and the first Rex Sacrorum and Pontifex Maximus of the Republic were members of this gens.  Lucius Papirius Mugillanus was the first of the Papirii to obtain the consulship in 444 BC.  The patrician members of the family regularly occupied the highest offices of the Roman state down to the time of the Punic Wars.  Their most famous member was Lucius Papirius Cursor, five times consul between 326 and 313 BC, who earned three triumphs during the Samnite Wars.  Most of the Papirii who held office under the later Republic belonged to various plebeian branches of the family.  Although the most illustrious Papirii flourished in the time of the Republic, a number of the family continued to hold high office during the first two centuries of the Empire.

Roman Kingdom
The Roman Kingdom, also known as the Roman monarchy and the regal period of ancient Rome, was the earliest period of Roman history, when the city and its territory were ruled by kings. According to tradition, the Roman Kingdom began with the city's founding c. 753 BC, with settlements around the Palatine Hill along the river Tiber in central Italy, and ended with the overthrow of the kings and the establishment of the Republic c. 509 BC.

Little is certain about the kingdom's history as no records and few inscriptions from the time of the kings have survived. The accounts of this period written during the Republic and the Empire are thought largely to be based on oral tradition.
Vestavia Hills High School
Vestavia Hills High School (VHHS), founded in 1970, is a public high school in Vestavia Hills, Alabama, a suburb of Birmingham, Alabama, United States. It is part of the Vestavia Hills City Schools.

A number of teachers in the school are Nationally Board Certified, and two are nationally recognized James Madison Scholars.

Vestavia Hills High School has a strong reputation for academic success with 24 National Merit Semifinalists in 2025, the highest in the state of Alabama.

Council for Economic Education
The Council for Economic Education (the new name, since 2009 January, of the National Council on Economic Education) is an organization in the United States that focuses on the economic and financial education of students from kindergarten through high school.

The mission of the Council for Economic Education is to instill in young people the fourth “R”—a real-world understanding of economics and personal finance. It is only by acquiring economic and financial literacy that children can learn that there are better options for a life well lived, will be able to see opportunity on their horizon line and, ultimately, can grow into successful and productive adults capable of making informed and responsible decisions.

Headquartered in New York City, CEE provides classroom resources to K-12 teachers and students, free professional development to educators, webinars, standards and assessment tools, and guidance for advocacy and outreach.
Belknap Complex
The Belknap Complex, sometimes referred to as Belknap Grove, is a complex of three giant sequoia groves located in the Tule River watershed of Giant Sequoia National Monument, just south of Camp Nelson, California. It is formed from the larger McIntyre Grove and Wheel Meadow Grove, and the smaller Carr Wilson Grove. The grove is home to a rich collection of old-growth giant sequoias spread out over 4,666 acres (18.88 km2). The grove is fairly easy to reach by car given its close proximity to Highway 190. Forest Trail 31E30 meanders through the heart of the complex.

During the Castle Fire of 2020, approximately 59% of the Belknap Complex was subject to high-intensity fire, which is estimated to kill between 75 and 100% of the giant sequoia in its path.

California State Route 190
State Route 190 (SR 190) is a state highway in the U.S. state of California that is split into two parts by the Sierra Nevada. The western portion begins at Tipton at a junction with State Route 99 and heads east towards Porterville before ending at Quaking Aspen in the Sequoia National Forest. The eastern portion begins at US 395 southeast of Olancha, heads east through Death Valley National Park, and ends at State Route 127 at Death Valley Junction. The 43.0-mile (69.2 km) portion over the Sierra Nevada remains unconstructed, and the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) has no plans to build it through the wilderness areas. SR 190 is a National Scenic Byway known as the Death Valley Scenic Byway.
Rosalind Heggs
Rosalind M Heggs (born 1952) is an English former cricketer who played as an all-rounder. She was a right-handed batter and right-arm off break bowler. She played for Young England in the 1973 Women's Cricket World Cup and the full England side in the 1978 Women's Cricket World Cup. She took 16 wickets at an average of 15.43 and scored 56 runs with a high score of 18 in her nine One Day Internationals. She played domestic cricket for Middlesex.

Off spin
Off spin is a type of spin bowling in cricket. A bowler who uses this technique is called an off spinner. Off spinners bowl with their right-arm and a  finger spin action. Their normal delivery is called an off break, which spins from left to right (from the bowler's perspective) when the ball bounces on the pitch. For a right-handed batter, the ball breaks towards them from the off side, hence the name 'off break'.

Off spinners bowl mostly off breaks, varying them by adjusting the line and length of the deliveries. Off spinners also bowl other types of delivery, which spin differently. Aside from these variations in spin, varying the speed, length and flight of the ball are also important for the off spinner.

The bowler with the most wickets in the history of both Test matches and ODIs, Muttiah Muralitharan, was an off spinner.
Dancing with the Stars (American TV series) season 12
Season twelve of Dancing with the Stars premiered on March 21, 2011, on the ABC network.

Pittsburgh Steelers wide receiver Hines Ward and Kym Johnson were the winners of the competition, while actress Kirstie Alley and Maksim Chmerkovskiy finished second, and Disney star Chelsea Kane and Mark Ballas finished third.

Carrie Ann Inaba
Carrie Ann Inaba (born January 5, 1968) is an American television personality, dancer, choreographer, actress, and singer. She is best known for her work on ABC's Dancing with the Stars for which she has served as a judge since 2005. She co-hosted and moderated the CBS Daytime talk show The Talk from 2019 to 2021. She started her career as a singer in Japan, but became best known for her dancing, introducing herself to American audiences as one of the original Fly Girls on the Fox sketch comedy series In Living Color from 1990 to 1992.
Gaston Gibéryen
Gaston "Gast" Gibéryen (born 29 June 1950 in Born) is a Luxembourgish politician for the Alternative Democratic Reform Party (ADR) and trade unionist.  He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies and represented the Sud constituency from 1989 to 2020.  He was the leader of the ADR group in the Chamber.

Gibéryen was mayor of Frisange from 1982 until 2005, having previously been an alderman in the commune (1976–1981). His long tenure there has been credited with making the commune into a stronghold of the ADR, which achieved its best nationwide results there at general elections in 2013 and 2018.

1989 Luxembourg general election
General elections were held in Luxembourg on 18 June 1989. The Christian Social People's Party remained the largest party, winning 22 of the 60 seats in the Chamber of Deputies. It continued the coalition government with the Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party.
Truce of Deulino
The Truce of Deulino (also known as Peace or Treaty of Dywilino) concluded the Polish–Russian War of 1609–1618 between the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Tsardom of Russia. It was signed in the village of Deulino on 11 December 1618 and took effect on 4 January 1619.

The agreement marked the largest geographical expansion of the Commonwealth (0.99 million km2), which lasted until the Commonwealth conceded the loss of Livonia in 1629. The Commonwealth gained control over the Smolensk and Chernihiv Voivodeships. The truce was set to expire within 14.5 years. The parties exchanged prisoners, including Filaret Romanov, Patriarch of Moscow.

Władysław IV, son of Commonwealth king Sigismund III Vasa, refused to relinquish his claim to the throne in Moscow. Therefore, in 1632, when the Truce of Deulino expired and Sigismund III died, hostilities were immediately resumed in the course of a conflict known as the Smolensk War, which ended in the Treaty of Polyanovka in 1634.

Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus'
The Patriarch of Moscow and all Rus' (Russian: Патриарх Московский и всея Руси, romanized: Patriarkh Moskovskiy i vseya Rusi), also known as the Patriarch of Moscow and all Russia, is the title of the primate of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC). It is often preceded by the honorific "His Holiness". As the ordinary of the diocese of Moscow, the office holder's direct canonical remit extends only to Moscow; however, as the patriarch, the office holder has a number of church-wide administrative powers as laid down by the charter of the ROC.

The patriarchate was established in 1589 when the status of the Russian metropolitan was elevated, with Job becoming the first patriarch. The patriarchate was abolished in 1721 by Peter the Great and replaced with the Most Holy Synod as the supreme governing body of the ROC, before being restored on 10 November [O.S. 28 October] 1917, by decision of the All-Russian Local Council. The current patriarch is Kirill, who acceded to the position in 2009.