hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Death and Taxes (video game)
Death and Taxes is a 2020 simulation video game by Leene Künnap, an Estonian indie game developer, and published through their company, Placeholder Gameworks, on February 20, 2020. The game has the player take the role of a Grim Reaper, who must bureaucratically decide the fates of humans, specifically whether they will live or die. The game shares its ideology with the death-positive movement. On March 18, 2020, Placeholder Gameworks uploaded the game code under the MIT License on GitHub.

Personifications of death
Personifications of death are found in many religions and mythologies. In more modern stories, a character known as the Grim Reaper (usually depicted as a berobed skeleton wielding a scythe) causes the victim's death by coming to collect that person's soul. Other beliefs hold that the spectre of death is only a psychopomp, a benevolent figure who serves to gently sever the last ties between the soul and the body, and to guide the deceased to the afterlife, without having any control over when or how the victim dies. Death is most often personified in male form, although in certain cultures death is perceived as female (for instance, Marzanna in Slavic mythology, or Santa Muerte in Mexico). Death is also portrayed as one of the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. Most claims of its appearance occur in states of near-death.
Christopher Tindale
Christopher William Tindale (born 1953) is a Canadian philosopher specializing in rhetoric, argumentation theory, and ancient Greek philosophy. Tindale is an editor of the journal Informal Logic, and currently serves as the chair of the Centre for Research in Reasoning, Argumentation, and Rhetoric. He has published numerous books and articles, translated into several languages, with a focus on argumentation and rhetoric.

Informal Logic (journal)
Informal Logic is a peer-reviewed academic journal that deals with multi-disciplinary topics related to reasoning and argumentation; covering both theory and practice. Topics covered include, but are not limited to, philosophy, rhetoric, communication, linguistics, psychology, and  law.

The journal is published by the University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada. The first issue was released in 1978 with four issues being published per year.
USS Kinsman
USS Kinsman, sometimes called USS Colonel Kinsman, was a sidewheel steamer captured by the Union Army during the American Civil War. She was used by the Army and then by the Union Navy as a gunboat in support of the Union Navy blockade of Confederate waterways. On 23 February 1863, she hit a snag and sank.

Union navy
The Union navy is used to describe the United States Navy (USN) during the American Civil War, when it fought the Confederate States Navy (CSN). The term is sometimes used to describe vessels of war used on the rivers of the interior under the control of the Union army.
Vojtěch Bradáč
Vojtěch Bradáč (6 October 1913 – 30 March 1947) was a Czech football player playing as a forward.

He played for clubs in Prague: after starting his career with Viktoria Žižkov in 1930, he moved to Slavia Prague in the 1931–32 season. After a break in France, he re-joined Slavia, subsequently turning out for Žižkov again, Sparta Prague, Slavia again, and SK Nusle.

He played for the Czechoslovakia national team (9 matches/5 goals) and was part of the national team's squad at the 1938 FIFA World Cup, although he didn't play in the tournament.

1938 FIFA World Cup
The 1938 FIFA World Cup was the 3rd edition of the World Cup, the quadrennial international football championship for senior men's national teams. It was held in France from 4 to 19 June 1938. Italy defended its title in the final, beating Hungary 4–2. Italy's 1934 and 1938 teams hold the distinction of being the only men's national team to win the World Cup multiple times under the same coach, Vittorio Pozzo. It would be the last World Cup until 1950 as the 1942 and 1946 World Cups were cancelled due to World War II.
Amatory anatomy
Amatory anatomy, sometimes referred to simply as "anatomy," is a historical type of English poetry whereby the author describes his or her appreciation for their lover's body parts. The person being described is usually female.  This technique is similar to the poetic blason.

Blason
Blason is a form of poetry. The term originally comes from the heraldic term "blazon" in French heraldry, which means either the codified description of a coat of arms or the coat of arms itself. The Dutch term is Blazoen, and in either Dutch or French, the term is often used to refer to the coat of arms of a chamber of rhetoric.
Jensenia spinosa
Jensenia spinosa is a dioicous bryophyte plant in the liverwort family Pallaviciniaceae. It is the only African member of the genus Jensenia, and generally occurs at high elevations. It is widespread but scarce, and has been found in South Africa, Malawi, Tanzania, Rwanda (Volcanoes National Park at 3,650m), the Democratic Republic of the Congo, as well as the islands of Mauritius, Réunion and Saint Helena.

Jensenia spinosa is very similar to its neotropical relative J. erythropus, though geographically isolated. Both may be confused with Symphyogyna species, but the latter's scale-shaped, rather than cup-shaped involucres have been useful in distinguishing the two genera.

Volcanoes National Park
Volcanoes National Park is a national park in northwestern Rwanda. It covers 160 km2 (62 sq mi) of rainforest and  encompasses five of the eight volcanoes in the Virunga Mountains, namely Karisimbi, Bisoke, Muhabura, Gahinga and Sabyinyo. It borders Virunga National Park in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Mgahinga Gorilla National Park in Uganda. It is home to the mountain gorilla and the golden monkey, and was the base for the primatologist Dian Fossey.
Visual ethics
Visual ethics is an emerging interdisciplinary field of scholarship that brings together religious studies, philosophy, photo and video journalism, visual arts, and cognitive science in order to explore the ways human beings relate to others ethically through visual perception. Historically, the field of ethics has relied heavily on rational-linguistic approaches, largely ignoring the importance of seeing and visual representation to human moral behavior. At the same time, studies in visual culture tend to analyze imagistic representations while ignoring many of the ethical dimensions involved. Visual ethics is a field of cross-fertilization of ethics and visual culture studies that seeks to understand how the production and reception of visual images is always ethical, whether or not we are consciously aware of this fact.

Visual culture
Visual culture is the aspect of culture expressed in visual images. Many academic fields study this subject, including cultural studies, art history, critical theory, philosophy, media studies, Deaf Studies, and anthropology.

The field of visual culture studies in the United States corresponds or parallels the Bildwissenschaft ("image studies") in Germany. Both fields are not entirely new, as they can be considered reformulations of issues of photography and film theory that had been raised from the 1920s and 1930s by authors like Béla Balázs, László Moholy-Nagy, Siegfried Kracauer and Walter Benjamin.
Christine Choy
Christine Choy (born Chai Ming Huei; September 17, 1949 or 1952 – December 7, 2025) was a Chinese American filmmaker. She was known for co-directing Who Killed Vincent Chin?, a 1988 documentary film based on the killing of Vincent Chin, for which she was nominated for an Academy Award. She co-founded Third World Newsreel, a film company focusing on people of color and social justice issues, as well as Asian CineVision, a development and exhibition space for Asian/Asian American filmmakers. As a documentary filmmaker, she produced and directed more than eighty films. She was a professor at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts.

National Film Registry
The National Film Registry (NFR) is the United States National Film Preservation Board's (NFPB) collection of films selected for preservation, each for its cultural, historical and aesthetic contributions since the NFPB's inception in 1988.
ATyr Pharma
aTyr Pharma is a public biotherapeutics company (Nasdaq: LIFE) that is focused on researching the extracellular functionality and signaling pathways of tRNA synthetases.

The company's lead product candidate, ATYR1923, is a selective modulator of Neuropilin-2 (NRP2) that downregulates both the innate and adaptive immune responses in inflammatory disease states. aTyr is developing ATYR1923 as a potential disease-modifying therapy for patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), a group of rare immune-mediated disorders that cause progressive fibrosis of the lung interstitium and remain a high unmet medical need. ATYR1923 is currently being investigated in a clinical trial in pulmonary sarcoidosis patients.

The company was founded in 2005 and is headquartered in San Diego, California, and led by CEO Sanjay S. Shukla.

Ligase
In biochemistry, a ligase is an enzyme that can catalyze the joining (ligation) of two molecules by forming a new chemical bond. This is typically via hydrolysis of a small pendant chemical group on one of the molecules, typically resulting in the formation of new C-O, C-S, or C-N bonds. For example, DNA ligase can join two complementary fragments of nucleic acid by forming phosphodiester bonds, and repair single stranded breaks that arise in double stranded DNA during replication.

In general, a ligase catalyzes the following dehydration reaction, thus joining molecules A and B:

A-OH + B-H → A–B + H2O
Willie McLaren (1930s footballer)
William McLaren was a Scottish footballer who played as an inside right for Hamilton Academical, St Johnstone and Morton.

He played the bulk of his career with Hamilton, and was converted from a centre forward in his first season there after joining from junior team Shettleston with a reputation as a goalscorer. He appeared for Accies in the 1935 Scottish Cup Final which ended in a 2–1 defeat to Rangers. Later that year he saved a penalty in a match against Clyde after goalkeeper Jimmy Morgan was sent off. A notable feat a few years earlier was scoring four times in a 5–0 Scottish Football League win over Dundee United in April 1932.

Clyde F.C.
Clyde Football Club is a Scottish semi-professional football club who play in Scottish League Two. Nicknamed the Bully Wee, the club was formed in 1877 at the River Clyde in Glasgow, the club currently host their home matches at New Douglas Park in Hamilton, having played at Broadwood Stadium in Cumbernauld from 1994 until 2022.

The club's biggest accomplishments are winning the Scottish Cup on three occasions: 1939, 1955 and 1958; they reached the final a further three times, all during a long period based at Shawfield, in Rutherglen. They have not played in the top division of Scottish football since 1975.

The club have been managed by Darren Young since October 2024.
1797 Connecticut's at-large congressional district special election
William Edmond (Federalist) was elected to represent one of the four seats in Connecticut's at-large congressional district in late 1797.  He replaced James Davenport (Federalist) who had died August 3, 1797.

Connecticut's at-large congressional district
During the first twenty-four Congresses (from 1789 to 1837), Connecticut elected all its representatives in Congress from a single multi-member Connecticut at-large congressional district.

Connecticut elected a varying number of representatives during this period.  From its inception in 1789 through the first reapportionment in 1793, there were five seats.  From 1793 through 1823, there were seven seats.  In 1823 the seats were reduced to six and in 1837 the system of at-large members was replaced with districts.

From 1903 to 1913 and from 1933 to 1965, Connecticut had a member of the United States House of Representatives who represented the state at-large, in addition to the members who represented distinct districts.
Bruce Caswell
Bruce Caswell (born October 20, 1949) is a Republican politician from the U.S. state of Michigan, serving as a member of the Michigan Senate for the 16th district from 2011 until 2015. He also served in the Michigan State House of Representatives from 2003 to 2011, representing the 58th Michigan House district.

Michigan's 58th House of Representatives district
Michigan's 58th House of Representatives district (also referred to as Michigan's 58th House district) is a legislative district within the Michigan House of Representatives located in part of Macomb County. The district was created in 1965, when the Michigan House of Representatives district naming scheme changed from a county-based system to a numerical one.
Tammiku, Jõhvi Parish
Tammiku (Estonian: [ˈtɑmːikˑu]; German: Eichenhain) is a small borough in Jõhvi Parish, Ida-Viru County, in northeastern Estonia. It is located about 3 km (2 mi) southwest of the town of Jõhvi and about 2 km (1 mi) northwest of Kohtla-Järve's Ahtme district. As of the 2011 census, the settlement's population was 291.

2011 Estonian census
The 2011 Population and Housing Census (PHC 2011) (Estonian: Rahva ja eluruumide loendus (REL 2011)) was a census that was carried out during 31 December 2011 – 31 March 2012 in Estonia by Statistics Estonia.

The total population recorded was 1,294,455 persons, compared to 1,370,052 persons counted in the 2000 Estonian census.
Eldred Hawken
Eldred Hawken (born 2 May 1989) is a South African cricketer. He made his first-class debut for Northerns in the 2012–13 CSA Provincial Three-Day Competition on 17 January 2013. In August 2017, he was named in Pretoria Mavericks' squad for the first season of the T20 Global League. However, in October 2017, Cricket South Africa initially postponed the tournament until November 2018, with it being cancelled soon after.

In June 2018, he was named in the squad for the Titans team for the 2018–19 season. In September 2018, he was named in the Titans' squad for the 2018 Abu Dhabi T20 Trophy. In October 2018, he was named in Tshwane Spartans' squad for the first edition of the Mzansi Super League T20 tournament. In April 2021, he was named in North West's squad, ahead of the 2021–22 cricket season in South Africa.

On 25 March 2022, in Division One of the 2021–22 CSA One-Day Cup, Hawken took his first five-wicket haul in List A cricket, with 6/46.

Northerns cricket team
Northerns (formerly North Eastern Transvaal and Northern Transvaal) has played first-class cricket in South Africa since December 1937. Its territory is the area north of Johannesburg, including Pretoria.

For the purposes of the SuperSport Series, Northerns has merged with Easterns (formerly Eastern Transvaal) to form the Titans.
1993 Patriot League men's basketball tournament
The 1993 Patriot League men's basketball tournament was played at Davis Gym in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania after the conclusion of the 1992–93 regular season. Number two seed Holy Cross defeated top seed Bucknell, 98–73 in the championship game, to win its first Patriot League Tournament title. The Crusaders earned an automatic bid to the 1993 NCAA tournament as #13 seed in the East region.

Bucknell Bison men's basketball
The Bucknell Bison men's basketball team represents Bucknell University in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania in NCAA Division I competition. The school's team competes in the Patriot League and plays home games in Sojka Pavilion. Former Bucknell star John Griffin III was appointed the program's 22nd head coach on March 21, 2023.

Bucknell began varsity intercollegiate competition in men's basketball in 1896. The Bison were retroactively ranked as the top team for the 1900–01 season by the Premo-Porretta Power Poll, an unofficial, mathematical ranking system of the pre-NCAA tournament era (pre-1939); the ranking is not officially recognized by the NCAA. In the tournament era, the Bison have appeared eight times in the NCAA tournament, most recently in 2018.
Alfréd Radok Awards
The Alfréd Radok Awards (Ceny Alfréda Radoka) were presented annually by the Endowment for the Alfréd Radok Awards in collaboration with the theatre and literary agency Aura-Pont and the magazine Svět a Divadlo (The World and Theatre) for achievements in Czech theatre, starting in 1992. The category of Best Performance was the first created. In 1995, the categories Best Play, Best Stage Design, Talent of the Year, Theatre of the Year, Best Actor, and Best Actress were created. The winners were selected by vote by theatre critics. 2013 was the last year the award ceremony was held. It was followed in 2014 by the Ceny divadelní kritiky (Theater Critics Awards), awarded by Svět a Divadlo for staging categories, and Anonymní dramatická soutěž agentury Aura-Pont (Anonymous drama competition of Aura-Pont agency).

Winners in the principal categories were as follows:

Miroslav Krobot
Miroslav Krobot (born 12 November 1951) is a Czech theatre director and actor. He starred in the film The Man from London, which was entered into the 2007 Cannes Film Festival.

His daughter Lenka Krobotová is also an actress.
Israel Goodovitch
Israel Meir Goodovitch (Hebrew: ישראל מאיר גודוביץ'; born 1934) is an Israeli architect and urban designer who created remarcable Modernist designs and concepts, but is better known in Israel for his short stint as City Engineer of Tel Aviv-Yafo.

Urban design
Urban design is an approach to the design of buildings and the spaces between them that focuses on specific design processes and outcomes based on geographical location. In addition to designing and shaping the physical features of towns, cities, and regional spaces, urban design considers 'bigger picture' issues of economic, social and environmental value and social design. The scope of a project can range from a local street or public space to an entire city and surrounding areas. Urban designers connect the fields of architecture, landscape architecture and urban planning to better organize local and community environments' dependent upon geographical location.

Some important focuses of urban design on this page include its historical impact, paradigm shifts, its interdisciplinary nature, and issues related to urban design.
HNLMS Evertsen
Eight ships of the Royal Netherlands Navy have been named HNLMS Evertsen, after a family from Zeeland with many sea heroes:

Admiral Evertsen (1803–1814), cannon schooner;

Admiral Evertsen (1808–1819), ship-of-the-line;

HNLMS Evertsen (1857), frigate with additional steam power, renamed Neptunus (Neptune);

HNLMS Evertsen (1894), armored ship;

HNLMS Evertsen (1926) (1926–1942), torpedo-boat destroyer;

HNLMS Evertsen (F803) (1946–1962), ex-HMS Scourge, S-class destroyer;

HNLMS Evertsen (F815) (1967–1989), Van Speijk-class frigate;

HNLMS Evertsen (F805) (2005–present), De Zeven Provinciën-class frigate.

HMS Scourge (G01)
HMS Scourge was an S-class destroyer built for the Royal Navy during the Second World War. The ship was sold to the Netherlands postwar, where she saw action in the Korean War and the West New Guinea dispute.
Bianca Rivera
Bianca Rivera (born (1987-10-04)4 October 1987) in San Juan, Puerto Rico is a Puerto Rican female volleyball player. She was part of the Puerto Rico women's national volleyball team.

She participated in the 2013 FIVB Volleyball World Grand Prix.
On club level she played for Bayamon in 2013.

Puerto Rico women's national volleyball team
The Puerto Rico women's national volleyball team is part of the NORCECA zone. Puerto Rico has taken one silver and two bronze medals in the NORCECA Women's Volleyball Championship, one silver and three bronzes in the Pan-American Cup, and five silvers and one bronze at the Central American and Caribbean Games. The team has participated at least once in all FIVB competitions, except for the World Cup.
Gary Kirk
Gary Michael Kirk (born 10 April 1961) is a former English cricketer.  Kirk was a right-handed batsman who bowled and right-arm fast-medium.  He was born in Colchester, Essex.

Kirk made his debut for Suffolk in the 1998 MCCA Knockout Trophy against Norfolk.  Kirk played Minor counties cricket for Suffolk from 1998 to 2002, which included 23 Minor Counties Championship appearances and 17 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. He made his List A debut against the Hampshire Cricket Board in the 1999 NatWest Trophy.  He made 8 further List A appearances, the last of which came against Buckinghamshire in the 1st round of the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy, which was held in 2002. In his 9 List A matches, he took 14 wickets at a bowling average of 21.42, with best figures of 3/16.

Suffolk County Cricket Club
Suffolk County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Suffolk.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Eastern Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Suffolk played List A matches occasionally from 1966 until 2005 but is not classified as a List A team per se.
No. 6 Passing Place electric railway station
No. 6 Passing Place electric railway station was situated at the sixth of eight passing loops on the otherwise single track central "country" section of the inter-urban Grimsby and Immingham Electric Railway when travelling from Corporation Bridge, Grimsby to Immingham Dock.

Grimsby and Immingham Electric Railway
The Grimsby & Immingham Electric Railway (G&IER) was an electric light railway, primarily for passenger traffic, linking Great Grimsby with the Port of Immingham in Lincolnshire, England. The line was built by the Great Central Railway (GCR), was absorbed by the London & North Eastern Railway (LNER) in 1923, and became part of the Eastern Region of British Railways. It ran mainly on reserved track.
Silverthorne (surname)
Silverthorne is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexandra Silverthorne (born 1980), American photographer

Dennis Silverthorne (1923-2004), British pair skater

Jeanne Silverthorne (born 1950), American artist

Jeffrey Silverthorne (born 1946), American photographer

Judith Silverthorne (born 1953), Canadian author

Paul Silverthorne (born 1951), British violist

Thora Silverthorne (1910-1990), British Communist activist

Winifred Silverthorne (1925–1998), British pair skater

Dennis Silverthorne
Dennis Alfred Silverthorne (1 February 1923 in Brighton, England – 2 January 2004 in London, Ontario, Canada) was a British pair skater who competed with his sister Winifred Silverthorne.  The pair won the silver medal at the 1947 European Figure Skating Championships and finished fourth at that year's World Figure Skating Championships.  They then finished fifth at the 1948 Winter Olympics and sixth at that year's World Championships.

After his competitive career, Silverthorne moved to Canada and became a coach.  Most notable among his students was 1963 World Champion Donald McPherson.  Silverthorne was inducted into the Skate Canada Hall of Fame in 2006.
Frederick Crouch (politician)
Frederick George Crouch (1 February 1843 – 1 January 1922) was an English-born Australian politician.

He was born in London to merchant William Crouch and Caroline Hart. He arrived in New South Wales in 1854 and opened a store on Richmond Road in Sydney. He also had interests in northern New South Wales, serving as alderman and mayor of Casino. On 7 January 1869 he married Ada Rebecca Gregory, with whom he had eleven children. Crouch was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly in 1887 as a Protectionist member for Richmond, but he did not run for re-election in 1889. In 1894 he moved to Randwick, where he died in 1922.

Randwick
Randwick is a suburb in the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Randwick is located 6 kilometres south-east of the Sydney central business district and is the administrative centre for the local government area of the City of Randwick.