hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Damien Woody
Damien Michael Woody (born November 3, 1977) is an American former professional football player who was an offensive guard for the New England Patriots, Detroit Lions, and New York Jets of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Boston College Eagles. He was drafted as a center by the Patriots in the first round of the 1999 NFL draft with the 17th overall pick. During his pro career, he played every position on the offensive line. A Pro Bowl selection in 2002, Woody won two Super Bowl rings with the Patriots.

2003 Pro Bowl
The 2003 Pro Bowl was the NFL's all-star game for the 2002 season. The game was played on February 2, 2003, at Aloha Stadium in Honolulu, Hawaii. The final Score was AFC 45, NFC 20. Ricky Williams of the Miami Dolphins was the game's MVP.
1986 Belfast North by-election
The 1986 Belfast North by-election was one of the fifteen 1986 Northern Ireland by-elections held on 23 January 1986, to fill vacancies in the Parliament of the United Kingdom caused by the resignation in December 1985 of all sitting Unionist Members of Parliament (MPs). The MPs, from the Ulster Unionist Party, Democratic Unionist Party and Ulster Popular Unionist Party, did this to highlight their opposition to the Anglo-Irish Agreement. Each of their parties agreed not to contest seats previously held by the others, and each outgoing MP stood for re-election.

Ulster Popular Unionist Party
The Ulster Popular Unionist Party (UPUP) was a unionist political party in Northern Ireland. It was founded in 1980 by James Kilfedder, independent Unionist Member of Parliament for North Down, who led the party until his death in 1995. For a brief period in 1980, it was known as the Ulster Progressive Unionist Party before it adopted the "Popular" name.
Promenada Mall (Bucharest)
Promenada Mall Bucharest is a shopping center located in Romania. It was developed by investment firm Raiffeisen Evolution
and inaugurated on 17 October 2013, after a 130 million euro investment.
Promenada is the first mall opened in bucharest after the financial crisis in 2007–2009, construction began in January 2012 and lasted 22 months.

The shopping center includes the businesses Carrefour Market, CCC, Help Net, Hervis, Burger King, Zara, Samsung, H&M, Altex, KFC, Intersport, Deichmann, ISTYLE,  McDonald's, C&A and Peek & Cloppenburg.

Promenada Mall, in Bucharest, won the first prize in the category "Mixed solutions" at the first edition of the Rigips Trophy România.

În November 2013, the shopping center was purchased by investment firm NEPI.

Peek & Cloppenburg
Peek & Cloppenburg is an international chain of fashion and clothing stores from Germany. The chain is operated by two separate and independent companies, Peek & Cloppenburg KG Düsseldorf (known as P&C West) and Peek & Cloppenburg KG Hamburg (known as P&C North).
Spanish ship Cataluña
Two ships of the Spanish Navy have borne the name Cataluña, after Catalonia:

Cataluña, a Princesa de Asturias-class armored cruiser in commission from 1908 to 1928.

Cataluña, a Baleares-class frigate in commission from 1975 to 2004.

Princesa de Asturias-class cruiser
The Princesa de Asturias class was a class of armoured cruisers of the Spanish Navy during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The class comprised three ships, Princesa de Asturias, Cataluña and Cardenal Cisneros. With construction beginning on the lead ship of the class in 1890, it was considered to be essentially a repeat of the three Infanta Maria Teresa-class cruisers but with more modern and balanced armament. Cardenal Cisneros was wrecked in 1905 and the other two ships were discarded in the late 1920s.
97th Scripps National Spelling Bee
The 97th Scripps National Spelling Bee was a spelling bee competition held at the Gaylord National Resort & Convention Center in National Harbor, Maryland. The bee marked a special milestone with its commemoration of 100 years of the Bee since the first one ran in 1925. It ran from May 25 to May 30, 2025.

The 2025 bee welcomed 243 spellers from the United States, its territories, Canada, Ghana, Nigeria, Kuwait, and the Bahamas. Preliminary rounds were held on May 27, quarterfinals and  semi-final rounds on May 28, and finals on May 29.

The Scripps Bee honored the Akron Beacon Journal as its Regional Partner of the Year, noteworthy given that the paper has sponsored a speller at every bee since its inception in 1925.

In 2026, the bee will be held at the DAR Constitution Hall, with contestants staying at the JW Marriott Washington D.C. 2025 was the last year it will be held in National Harbor.

13-year-old Faizan Zaki won the competition.

Akron Beacon Journal
The Akron Beacon Journal is a morning newspaper in Akron, Ohio, United States. Owned by Gannett, it is the sole daily newspaper in Akron and is distributed throughout Northeast Ohio. The paper's coverage focuses on local news.  The Beacon Journal has won four Pulitzer Prizes: in 1968, 1971, 1987 and 1994.
Zeynu Ummer
Zeynu Jemal Ummer (born 20 October 1972) is an Ethiopian diplomat and statesman who is the current Director of the UNDP Resilience Hub for Africa since 2024. Previously, he served as Team Lead and Senior Chief Technical Adviser for the UNDP Africa Borderlands Centre based in Nairobi, Kenya. Before joining the United Nations, he was a State Minister for Peace in Ethiopia from 2018 to 2019, and Head of the Ethiopian Refugee Agency and most notably, the Commissioner General of the Ethiopian Federal Police in 2018.

Ethiopian Federal Police
The Ethiopian Federal Police (EFP; Amharic: የኢትዮጵያ ፌደራል ፖሊስ, romanized: ye'ītiyop'iya fēdirali polīsi) is the law enforcement agency of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Established in 1995, the agency aims with objectives of maintaining or safeguarding the public security, human and democratic rights, and respecting constitutional law.

As autonomous organ, the EFP is surveyed by Ministry of Peace and administered by the Federal Police Commission enshrined under Proclamation No. 720/2011. Its office is headquartered in Addis Ababa with expectation to expand branches in every regions thereof.

The Federal Police recently subjected to criticism and backlash over its inadequate and poor enforcing management as reflected in Article 52 of Federal Police Commission Administration. Unlawful use of force among officers appeared to be severe and most human rights organizations accused the government of neglecting investigation and accountability of those offended police officers.
Madani Avenue
Madani Avenue is an urban road situated in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. The street is named after G.A. Madani, who was chairman of Dhaka Improvement Trust in East Pakistan (currently RAJUK). The road starts from the US Embassy in Baridhara and is 100 feet wide. Its length is 7 kilometers. The proposed two link roads will connect the road with the Purbachal Expressway.

The road widening project was undertaken on September 25, 2016. Under this project, the road will be made six lanes and will be extended up to Balu River. In future, people can gain entry from Felani Avenue to Dhaka–Chittagong highway through Purbachal.

Future planned MRT Line 5 of Dhaka Metro Rail will have at least one station in Madani Avenue. UIU located in this road.

Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakkha
Rajdhani Unnayan Kartripakkha (Bengali: রাজধানী উন্নয়ন কর্তৃপক্ষ, romanized: Rājdhānī Unnôẏôn Kôrtroppôkkhô; abbreviated as RAJUK) is a self-governing urban development authority in Dhaka, Bangladesh, responsible for planning, regulating, and implementing the city’s master plan. Established in 1956, RAJUK oversees urban growth, land use, zoning regulations, building approvals, and infrastructure development in the capital city. The authority prepares comprehensive master plans that are periodically reviewed to guide long-term urban development and sustainable city planning. RAJUK operates under the Ministry of Housing and Public Works.
Manakkulama
Manakkulama is a village situated in the North-Western province of Sri Lanka, 80 km from Colombo city and 6 km from Chilaw town. Manakkulama was known as "weli wewa - (sandy lake)" before the arrival of the Portuguese in the 16th century. The major lake "Karavita" is found in this village. Manakkulama lies in Puttalam District. Manakkulama village is a tourist attraction.

Tourist attraction
A tourist attraction is a place of interest that tourists visit, typically for its inherent or exhibited natural or cultural value, historical significance, natural or built beauty, offering leisure and amusement.
Miss Cherokee
Miss Cherokee (Cherokee: ᎠᎨᏳᏣ ᏣᎳᎩ, romanized: ageyutsa tsalagi) is an annual cultural leadership title awarded by the Cherokee Nation to a young woman of Cherokee descent. The role of Miss Cherokee includes acting as an ambassador for the Cherokee Nation, representing the tribe at various cultural, educational, and governmental events. The Miss Cherokee title is part of a larger effort to promote Cherokee culture, leadership, and community engagement among young tribal members.

Cherokee descent
Individuals with some degree of documented Cherokee descent who do not meet the criteria for Cherokee tribal citizenship may describe themselves as "being of Cherokee descent" or as "being a Cherokee descendant". These terms are also used by non-Native individuals whose ancestry has not been independently verified.

According to Gregory D. Smithers, a large number of Americans describe themselves in this way: "In 2000, the federal census reported that 729,533 Americans self-identified as Cherokee. By 2010, that number increased, with the Census Bureau reporting that 819,105 Americans claimed at least one Cherokee ancestor." By contrast, as of 2012 there were only 330,716 enrolled Cherokee citizens (Cherokee Nation: 288,749; United Keetoowah Band: 14,300; Eastern Band: 14,667).
Cross Country (Breland album)
Cross Country is the debut studio album by American musician Breland. It was released through Bad Realm Records and Atlantic Records on September 9, 2022. The album features guest artists Keith Urban, Mickey Guyton, Thomas Rhett, Ingrid Andress and Lady A.

An extended edition was released on September 15, 2023, to celebrate the one year anniversary of the album and features six additional tracks.

Ingrid Andress
Ingrid Elizabeth Andress (born September 21, 1991) is an American country pop singer-songwriter. She has released two albums: Lady Like (2020) and Good Person (2022). She has achieved commercial success with "More Hearts Than Mine" (2019), which peaked at number 30 on the Billboard Hot 100; "The Stranger" (2020), which peaked at number 49 on Country Airplay; "Wishful Drinking" (2021), which peaked at number 47 on the Billboard Hot 100; and "Feel Like This" (2023), which peaked at number 60 on Country Airplay. She has also cowritten songs recorded by other artists including "Boys" (2017) by Charli XCX.
2024 Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain
The 2024 Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain is a multi-event, one-make motor racing championship held across England and Scotland. The championship featured a mix of professional motor racing teams and privately funded drivers. It formed part of the extensive program of support categories built up around the BTCC centrepiece.

One-design racing
One-design racing is a racing method which may be adopted in sports using complex equipment, whereby all vehicles have identical or very similar designs or models, avoiding the need for a handicap system.
1995 Neftegorsk earthquake
The 1995 Neftegorsk earthquake occurred on 28 May at 01:03 local time in northern Sakhalin Island in the Russian Far East. It was the most destructive earthquake known within the modern borders of Russia, with a magnitude of Mw 7.1 and maximum Mercalli intensity of IX (Violent) that devastated the town of Neftegorsk. Many buildings collapsed, and 1,989 of its 3,977 citizens were killed, with another 750 injured. Infrastructure was catastrophically damaged, leading to Neftegorsk becoming a ghost town. Surface effects from the earthquake were widespread, with many geological features changing or developing. Due to its location along a poorly understood plate boundary, the earthquake received considerable attention from scientists, and dozens of research papers have been written about it.

Amur plate
The Amur plate (or Amurian plate; also occasionally referred to as the China plate, not to be confused with the Yangtze plate) is a minor tectonic plate in the northern and eastern hemispheres.

The Amurian Plate is named after the Amur River, which forms the border between the Russian Far East and Northeast China.
It is bounded on the north, west, and southwest by the Eurasian plate, on the east by the Okhotsk plate, to the southeast by the Philippine Sea plate along the Suruga Trough and the Nankai Trough, and the Okinawa plate, and the Yangtze plate.

The Amurian Plate may have been involved in the 1975 Haicheng earthquake and the 1976 Tangshan earthquake in China.
Aeromonas fluvialis
Aeromonas fluvialis is a Gram-negative, oxidase- and catalase-positive, facultatively anaerobic, non-spore-forming bacterium of the genus Aeromonas isolated from water from the Muga River in Girona in northeastern Spain.

Oxidase
In biochemistry, an oxidase is an oxidoreductase (any enzyme that catalyzes a redox reaction) that uses dioxygen (O2) as the electron acceptor. In reactions involving donation of a hydrogen atom, oxygen is reduced to water (H2O) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Some oxidation reactions, such as those involving monoamine oxidase or xanthine oxidase, typically do not involve free molecular oxygen.

The oxidases are a subclass of the oxidoreductases. The use of dioxygen is the only unifying feature; in the EC classification, these enzymes are scattered in many categories.
Odvar Omland
Odvar Omland (18 July 1923 – 2 July 2025) was a Norwegian politician for the Christian Democratic Party.

Omland served as a deputy representative to the Norwegian Parliament from Akershus during the terms 1977–1981.

On the local level, he held several positions, including as a councillor in Kragerø; as both Deputy Mayor and Mayor of Sauherad; and three terms as a member of Asker municipal council, including spells as Deputy Mayor and Mayor between 1992 and 1995.

He stood again in the 2019 municipal and county council elections, aged 96, the oldest candidate in the country.

Sauherad
Sauherad is a former municipality in Telemark county, Norway. It was part of the traditional region of Midt-Telemark. The 321-square-kilometre (124 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until its dissolution in 2020. The area is now part of Midt-Telemark Municipality and Notodden Municipality. The administrative centre was the village of Akkerhaugen. Other villages in the municipality included Gvarv, Holtsås, Hjukse, Hjuksebø, Nordagutu, and Sauherad. 
Sauherad bordered the municipalities of Kongsberg, Skien, Nome, Bø, and Notodden.

Prior to its dissolution in 2020, the 321-square-kilometre (124 sq mi) municipality was the 265th largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Sauherad was the 224th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 4,293. The municipality's population density was 13 inhabitants per square kilometre (34/sq mi) and its population has increased by 0.4% over the previous 10-year period.
Echigo-Nakazato Station
Echigo-Nakazato Station (越後中里駅, Echigo-Nakazato-eki) is a railway station on the Jōetsu Line in the town of Yuzawa, Minamiuonuma District, Niigata Prefecture, Japan, operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East).

Minami-Uonuma District, Niigata
Yuzawa-machi

Minami-Uonuma (南魚沼郡, Minami-Uonuma-gun) is a district located in Niigata Prefecture, Japan.

As of July 1, 2019, the district has an estimated population of 7,926 with a density of 22.2 persons per km2. The total area is 50.03 km2.
Giant Steps (composition)
"Giant Steps" is a jazz composition by American saxophonist John Coltrane. It was first recorded in 1959 and released on the 1960 album Giant Steps. The composition features a cyclic chord pattern that has come to be known as Coltrane changes. The composition has become a jazz standard, covered by many artists. Due to its speed and rapid transition through the three keys of B major, G major and E♭ major, Vox described the piece as "the most feared song in jazz" and "one of the most challenging chord progressions to improvise over" in the jazz repertoire.

Paul Chambers
Paul Laurence Dunbar Chambers Jr. (April 22, 1935 – January 4, 1969) was an American jazz double bassist. A fixture of rhythm sections during the 1950s and 1960s, he has become one of the most widely-known jazz bassists of the hard bop era. He was also known for his bowed solos. Chambers recorded about a dozen albums as a leader or co-leader, and more than 100 as a sideman, especially as the anchor of trumpeter Miles Davis's "first great quintet" (1955–63) and with pianist Wynton Kelly (1963–68).
Battlestar Galactica season 4
The fourth and final season of the reimagined science fiction television series Battlestar Galactica premiered on the Sci-Fi Channel in the United States on April 4, 2008, and concluded on March 20, 2009. Similar to the second season, it was split into two parts, each containing 10 episodes. "Season 4.0" aired from April to June 2008 and "Season 4.5" aired from January to March 2009. The fourth season contained 20 episodes, plus the television film Razor.

Michael Angeli
Michael Angeli (born 1970/1971) is an American writer and television producer, best known for his award-nominated work on television series including Monk and the remake of Battlestar Galactica, a show for which he was also a co-executive producer.

Angeli was co-executive producer on Black Sails, a pirate adventure drama that premiered on the Starz Network in January, 2014.

Angeli is currently in pre-production on "The Confessions of Al McGuire," a biopic with Anthony Hemingway to direct.
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-acetylamphetamine
2,5-Dimethoxy-4-acetylamphetamine (DOAc) is a serotonin 5-HT2 receptor modulator of the amphetamine and DOx families. Its affinities (Ki) for the human serotonin 5-HT2 receptors are 80.5 nM for the serotonin 5-HT2A receptor, 313 nM for the serotonin 5-HT2B receptor, and 91.3 nM for the serotonin 5-HT2C receptor. These affinities are much lower than those of many other DOx derivatives, such as DOB, but are very similar to those of 3,4,5-trimethoxyamphetamine (TMA). DOAc is a controlled substance in Canada under phenethylamine blanket-ban language.

Receptor modulator
A receptor modulator, or receptor ligand, is a general term for a substance, endogenous or exogenous, that binds to and regulates the activity of chemical receptors. They are ligands that can act on different parts of receptors and regulate activity in a positive, negative, or neutral direction with varying degrees of efficacy. Categories of these modulators include receptor agonists and receptor antagonists, as well as receptor partial agonists, inverse agonists, orthosteric modulators, and allosteric modulators, Examples of receptor modulators in modern medicine include CFTR modulators, selective androgen receptor modulators (SARMs), and muscarinic ACh receptor modulators.
TcNPR3 (gene)
TcNPR3 (Theobroma cacao Non-Expressor of Pathogenesis-Related 3) is a gene found in the genome of the plant Theobroma cacao that reduces the effectiveness of its immune response, including NPR1-mediated defense response, against pathogens such as Pseudomonas syringae, Phytophthora megakarya, Phytophthora tropicalis and various species of Agrobacterium. It can be mutated within the plant's genome using CRISPR-Cas9, allowing more effective immune response.

Phytophthora megakarya
Phytophthora megakarya is an oomycete plant pathogen that causes black pod disease in cocoa trees in west and central Africa. This pathogen can cause detrimental loss of yield in the economically important cocoa industry, worth approximately $70 billion annually. It can damage any part of the tree, causing total yield losses which can easily reach 20-25%. A mixture of chemical and cultural controls, as well as choosing resistant plant varieties, are often necessary to control this pathogen.
Peliyagoda
Peliyagoda is a town in the Western Province of Sri Lanka, lying mostly on the north shore of the Kelani River. As of 2020 it had an estimated population of 28, 784. The Airport Expressway's entry point and the Toll Plaza starts from the Peliyagoda section of the highway.

Kelani River
The Kelani River (Sinhala: කැළණි ගඟ) is a 145-kilometre-long (90 mi) river in Sri Lanka. The fourth-longest river in the country, it stretches from the Sri Pada Mountain Range to Colombo. It flows through or borders the Sri Lankan districts of Nuwara Eliya, Ratnapura, Kegalle, Gampaha and Colombo. The Kelani River also flows through the capital of Sri Lanka, Colombo, and provides 80% of its drinking water.
Michel Mongeau (ice hockey)
Michel Mongeau (February 9, 1965 – May 22, 2010) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player. A centre, he played 54 games in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the St. Louis Blues and Tampa Bay Lightning. Although his NHL career was brief, Mongeau was a prolific scorer in minor league hockey, particularly in the International Hockey League (IHL), where he won the James Gatschene Memorial Trophy as the league's most valuable player in 1990–91 and was a key member of the Peoria Rivermen's Turner Cup championship team that season.

Peoria Rivermen (IHL)
The Peoria Rivermen were an ice hockey team that played in the International Hockey League. They played in Peoria, Illinois at the Carver Arena.  A new team with the Peoria Rivermen name currently competes in the Southern Professional Hockey League.
Density contrast
Density contrast is a parameter used in galaxy formation to indicate where there are local enhancements in matter density.

It is believed that after inflation, although the universe was mostly uniform, some regions were slightly denser than others with contrast densities on the order of 1 trillionth.  As the horizon distance expanded, the enclosed causally connected (i.e. gravitationally connected) masses increased until they reached the Jeans mass and began to collapse, which allowed galaxies, galaxy clusters, superclusters, and filaments to form.

Galaxy formation and evolution
In cosmology, the study of galaxy formation and evolution is concerned with the processes that formed a heterogeneous universe from a homogeneous beginning, the formation of the first galaxies, the way galaxies change over time, and the processes that have generated the variety of structures observed in nearby galaxies. Galaxy formation is hypothesized to occur from structure formation theories, as a result of tiny quantum fluctuations in the aftermath of the Big Bang. The simplest model in general agreement with observed phenomena is the Lambda-CDM model—that is, clustering and merging allows galaxies to accumulate mass, determining both their shape and structure. Hydrodynamics simulation, which simulates both baryons and dark matter, is widely used to study galaxy formation and evolution.
Judith D. Sally
Judith Donovan Sally (born Judith Donovan; March 23, 1937 – January 28, 2024) was an American mathematician who was Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at Northwestern University. Her research was in commutative algebra, particularly in the study of Noetherian local rings and graded rings.

Commutative algebra
Commutative algebra, first known as ideal theory, is the branch of algebra that studies commutative rings, their ideals, and modules over such rings. Both algebraic geometry and algebraic number theory build on commutative algebra. Prominent examples of commutative rings include polynomial rings; rings of algebraic integers, including the ordinary integers ; and p-adic integers.

Commutative algebra is the main technical tool of algebraic geometry, and many results and concepts of commutative algebra are strongly related with geometrical concepts.

The study of rings that are not necessarily commutative is known as noncommutative algebra; it includes ring theory, representation theory, and the theory of Banach algebras.