hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Committee of Nine
The Committee of Nine was a group of conservative political leaders in Virginia, led by Alexander H. H. Stuart, following the American Civil War, when Virginia was required to adopt a new Constitution acknowledging the abolition of slavery before its readmission into the Union. They engineered the federal and state political machinery so that separate votes would be taken on the constitution (which was overwhelmingly ratified) and provisions restricting voting and office-holding rights of former Confederates (which was narrowly defeated).

Reconstruction Acts
The Reconstruction Acts, or the Military Reconstruction Acts, sometimes referred to collectively as the Reconstruction Act of 1867, were four landmark U.S. federal statutes enacted by the 39th and 40th United States Congresses over the vetoes of President Andrew Johnson from March 2, 1867 to March 11, 1868, establishing martial law in the Southern United States and the requirements for the readmission of those states which had declared secession at the start of the American Civil War. The requirements of the Reconstruction Acts were considerably more stringent than the requirements imposed by Presidents Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson between 1863 and 1867 and marked the end of that period of "presidential" reconstruction and the beginning of "congressional" or "radical" reconstruction.

The Acts did not apply to Tennessee, which had already ratified the 14th Amendment and had been readmitted to the Union on July 24, 1866.
Three Sisters Island (Tasmania)
The Three Sisters Island or Three Sisters Islands are three small and rocky granite islands, with a collective land area of 2 hectares (4.9 acres), located in the Bass Strait, lying 500 metres (1,600 ft) off the north coast of Tasmania, Australia, between the towns of Penguin and Ulverstone.

The islands are steep-sided.  Their vegetation of sparse coastal scrub is largely limited to their summits.  Because landings are difficult owing to the lack of beaches and safe anchoring points they are little affected by human visitation and disturbance, although Australian fur seals haul-out on the lowest of them.  Along with the neighbouring Goat Island, they are part of the 37-hectare (91-acre) Three Sisters – Goat Island Nature Reserve.

Penguin, Tasmania
Penguin is a town on the north coast of Tasmania, Australia. It is in the Central Coast Council local government area and on the Bass Highway, between Burnie and Ulverstone. At the 2021 census, Penguin had a population of 4,132.
Patricia Ann Ferguson
Patricia Ann Ferguson (12 February 1936, Dundee – 24 March 2022, Auchterarder) was a Scottish civil engineer. She was chairwoman of Fife Health Board.

She studied at the High School of Dundee and St Margaret's School for Girls, and as a mature student, the University of St Andrews and the Royal Military College of Science, having been approved by Denis Healey. She was a chief civil engineer constructing oil platforms.

She was a competitive showjumper.

St Margaret's School for Girls
St Margaret’s School for Girls is the oldest all-through girls’ school in Scotland and caters for pupils aged three to 18 in a nursery, junior school and senior school.

St Margaret's is a member of the Scottish Council of Independent Schools (SCIS), Girls' Schools Association and Queen Margaret of Scotland Girls' Schools Association. Girls from all faiths and denominations can gain into the school.
Kusowo, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kusowo [kuˈsɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Szczecinek, within Szczecinek County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 13 km (8 mi) north-west of Szczecinek and 137 km (85 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

Gmina Szczecinek
Gmina Szczecinek is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Szczecinek County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Szczecinek, although the town is not part of the territory of the gmina.

The gmina covers an area of 510.21 square kilometres (197.0 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 10,171.
Gavialiceps bertelseni
Gavialiceps bertelseni is an eel in the family Muraenesocidae (pike congers). It was described by Emma Stanislavovna Karmovskaya in 1993. It is a marine, deep water-dwelling eel which is known from the southwestern slope of Madagascar, in the western Indian Ocean. It dwells at a depth range of 670 to 1,200 metres (2,200 to 3,940 ft). Males can reach a maximum total length of 84 centimetres (33 in).

The species epithet was given in memory of ichthyologist Erik Bertelsen.

Muraenesocidae
The Muraenesocidae, or pike congers, are a small family of marine eels found worldwide in tropical and subtropical seas. Some species are known to enter brackish water.

Pike congers have cylindrical bodies, scaleless skin, narrow heads with large eyes, and strong teeth. Their dorsal fins start above the well-developed pectoral fins. These rather aggressive fish range from 60 to 250 cm (2.0 to 8.2 ft) in length.
Vocea României season 6
The sixth season of the Romanian reality talent show Vocea României premiered on September 9, 2016 on ProTV.
Smiley, Loredana Groza, Tudor Chirilă and Marius Moga have all returned as judges, and Pavel Bartoș, as the presenter of the show. Lili Sandu replaced Oana Tache as the social media correspondent.

The season finale aired on December 16, 2016. Teams Smiley and Moga had one finalist each, while Team Tudor had two. Both semi-finalists in Team Loredana had been eliminated. Teodora Buciu mentored by Tudor Chirilă, was declared winner of the season. It was Chirilă's third consecutive victory as a coach.

Loredana Groza
Loredana Groza (born 10 June 1970), also known mononymously as Loredana, is a Romanian singer. She is known for continuously reinventing herself and for approaching numerous music styles throughout her discography, ranging from pop to traditional music and manele. In 1987, Groza released her debut single "Bună seara, iubito" ("Good Evening, Love!"), which—even though it was banned and censored in Romania for alleged inappropriate lyrics—became successful and one of her signature songs. Her album of the same name would go on to sell 1.5 million copies, making it the best-selling record of all time in Romania. Over the years, Groza released several acclaimed albums and hit songs, including "Apa" in 2012, which reached number two on the native Airplay 100 chart. The singer was a coach on the Romanian version of the televised competition The Voice for its first seven seasons.
Luis Calvet
Luis Calvet Sandoz (17 March 1888 – 7 November 1951) was a Spanish sport shooter who competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics and in the 1932 Summer Olympics.

In the 1920 Summer Olympics he participated in the following events:

Team 30 metre military pistol – sixth place

Team 300 metre military rifle, prone – seventh place

Team 50 metre small-bore rifle – ninth place

Team free rifle – eleventh place

Team 50 metre free pistol – twelfth place

Team 300 and 600 metre military rifle, prone – twelfth place

Team 600 metre military rifle, prone – 13th place

Team 300 metre military rifle, standing – 14th place

300 metre free rifle, three positions – result unknown

50 metre small-bore rifle – result unknown

Twelve years later at the 1932 Summer Olympics he finished 13th in the 25 metre rapid fire pistol competition.

Shooting at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's 30 metre team rapid fire pistol
The men's 30 metre team rapid fire pistol was a shooting sports event held as part of the Shooting at the 1920 Summer Olympics programme. It was the second and last appearance of the event. The competition was held on 3 August 1920, and 45 shooters from 9 nations competed.
Ruben Donet
Ruben Donet Gregori (born 3 April 1983) is a Spanish male  track cyclist, riding for the national team. Also known as Tío Cadenas, he competed in the track time trial event at the 2004 Summer Olympics. He also competed at the 2007 UCI Track Cycling World Championships and 2011 UCI Track Cycling World Championships.

2007 UCI Track Cycling World Championships
The 2007 UCI Track Cycling World Championships is the World Championship for track cycling. It took place in Palma de Mallorca, Spain from March 29, 2007 to April 1, 2007. The event was dominated by the Great Britain team who topped the medals table, winning seven of the seventeen gold medals on offer.

The 2007 programme comprised 17 events, including the 10 Olympic events, and was also the first time that the multi-disciplinary Omnium – a cycling equivalent to the athletics pentathlon consisting of 5 events – was contested.
The Royal Moroccan Golf Federation
The Royal Moroccan Golf Federation (RMGF; French: Fédération Royale Marocaine de Golf)  is the national sports association responsible for the promotion, regulation, and development of golf in the Kingdom of Morocco. It was established on 12 May 1960. In 2018, the RMGF was placed under the Presidency of His Royal Highness Prince Moulay Rachid.

The Royal Moroccan Golf Federation designs and implements programs, competitions, and initiatives aimed at fostering the sport’s development and contributing to Morocco’s athletic, economic, social and tourism sectors. It is focused on broadening access to the sport, increasing participation, and developing athletes capable of competing on major international circuits and improving global rankings through athletic development, economic impact, and education.

Prince Moulay Rachid of Morocco
Prince Moulay Rachid of Morocco (born 20 June 1970) is a member of the Alawi dynasty. He is the younger brother of King Mohammed VI and the youngest child of the late King Hassan II and his wife, Lalla Latifa. He is currently second in the line of succession to the Moroccan throne, after his nephew Crown Prince Moulay Hassan.

The city of Errachidia was renamed from "Ksar es-Souk" in his honor.
Edward James (cricketer)
Edward Hugh James (14 April 1896 – 15 March 1975) was a Welsh cricketer.  James was a left-handed batsman who bowled slow left-arm orthodox. He was born at Briton Ferry, Glamorgan.

James made his debut for Glamorgan in the 1920 Minor Counties Championship against Cheshire.  He represented the county in 1 further Minor Counties fixtures in 1920, which came against Devon.  Glamorgan were elevated to first-class status in 1921 and in 1922, James made his first-class debut for the county against Lancashire. James played 2 further first-class matches for the county in 1922 against Yorkshire and Nottinghamshire.  A bowler, he took 7 wickets at a bowling average of 29.85, with best figures of 4/79.

James died at the town of his birth on 15 March 1975.

Cheshire County Cricket Club
Cheshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty national county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Cheshire.

The team is currently a member of the Minor Counties Championship Western Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Cheshire played List A matches occasionally until 2004 but is not classified as a List A team per se. The club does not have a base but plays matches around the county including at Chester Boughton Hall, Didsbury, Nantwich, New Brighton, Grappenhall, Tattenhall and at Moss Lane, Alderley Edge.
Our Lady of Sorrows Church, Gibraltar
Our Lady of Sorrows Church is a Catholic church in Gibraltar. It is in the heart of the old village at Catalan Bay (La Caleta), overlooking the sea.

The Church's statue of Our Lady of Sorrows is carried in procession to the Catalan Bay beach each September when the Bishop of Gibraltar blesses the sea in the village's main religious festival.

Religious festival
A religious festival is a time of special importance marked by adherents to that religion.  Religious festivals are commonly celebrated on recurring cycles in a calendar year or lunar calendar. The science of religious rites and festivals is known as heortology.

Within the Evangelical Lutheran branch of Christianity, "festival" is part of the ranking of feast days in the liturgical kalendar.
Stade Georges-Carcassonne
The Stade Georges-Carcassonne is a multi-purpose stadium located Aix-en-Provence, France.

Its field is natural grass, and the capacity is up to 3,700 people. It hosts the matches of local football team AS Aix-en-Provence and its reserve team. It is also the stadium where the Aix-en-Provence Argonautes (American Football) team plays. It was constructed in 1953.

Aix-en-Provence
Aix-en-Provence, often known as simply Aix, is a city and commune in southern France, about 30 km (20 mi) north of Marseille. A former capital of Provence, it is the subprefecture of the arrondissement of Aix-en-Provence, in the department of Bouches-du-Rhône, in the region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. The population of Aix-en-Provence is approximately 148,000. Its inhabitants are called Aixois or, less commonly, Aquisextains.
South Barisan Malay
South Barisan Malay, also called Central Malay or Middle Malay, is a collection of closely related Malayic isolects spoken in the southwestern part of Sumatra. None of them has more than one million speakers.

Glottolog
Glottolog is an open-access online bibliographic database of the world's languages. In addition to listing linguistic materials (grammars, articles, dictionaries) describing individual languages, the database also contains the most up-to-date language affiliations based on the work of expert linguists.

Glottolog was first developed and maintained at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, and between 2015 and 2020 at the Max Planck Institute of Geoanthropology in Jena, Germany. Its main curators include Harald Hammarström and Martin Haspelmath.
Tanuki-bayashi
Tanuki-bayashi (狸囃子) are strange sonic phenomena, described in legends from all over Japan. They manifest as musical sounds, heard in the middle of the night and resembling those of flutes or drums, yet having no discernible source.

Sumida, Tokyo
Sumida (墨田区, Sumida-ku) is a special ward in the Tokyo Metropolis in Japan. The English translation of its Japanese self-designation is Sumida City.

As of 1 April 2025, the ward has an estimated population of 287,766 and a population density of 20,120 persons per km2. Its total area is 13.77 km2.

Sumida's city office is located in Azumabashi, while its commercial center is the area around Kinshicho Station in the south.
Duho Formation
The Duho Formation (Korean: 두호층; Hanja: 斗湖層; RR: Duho-cheung) is a Middle Miocene geological formation in Pohang, South Korea. This formation is deposited in a deep marine environment and is roughly dated to around 15 to 12 million years ago based on various analyses. It is the uppermost unit of the Yeonil Group of Pohang Basin and mainly composed of yellow-brown to dark gray mudstones.

Depositional environment
In geology, depositional environment or sedimentary environment describes the combination of physical, chemical, and biological processes associated with the deposition of a particular type of sediment and, therefore, the rock types that will be formed after lithification, if the sediment is preserved in the rock record. In most cases, the environments associated with particular rock types or associations of rock types can be matched to existing analogues. However, the further back in geological time sediments were deposited, the more likely that direct modern analogues are not available (e.g. banded iron formations).
Camptown Races
"De Camptown Races" or "Gwine to Run All Night" (nowadays popularly known as "Camptown Races") is a folk song by American Romantic composer Stephen Foster. It was published in February 1850 by F. D. Benteen and was introduced to the American mainstream by Christy's Minstrels, eventually becoming one of the most popular folk/Americana tunes of the nineteenth century. It is Roud Folk Song Index no. 11768.

Billy Murray (singer)
William Thomas Murray (May 25, 1877 – August 17, 1954) was an American singer and voice actor. He was one of the most popular singers in the United States in the early 20th century. While he received star billing in Vaudeville, he was best known for his prolific work in the recording studio, making records for almost every record label of the era. Murray was the best-selling recording artist of the first quarter of the 20th century, selling over 300 million records during the phonograph era.
Kalinagar, Jaynagar
Kalinagar is a village within the jurisdiction of the Jaynagar Majilpur police station in the Jaynagar II CD block in the Baruipur subdivision of the South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Jaynagar Majilpur
Jaynagar Majilpur (Bengali: [d͡ʒɔe̯nɔgoɾ mod͡ʒɪlpuɾ] ⓘ) is a town and a municipality of South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. The town is famous for its confectionery called Jaynagarer Moa.
Sandy Bentley
Sandy Bentley (born May 18, 1978 in Joliet, Illinois) now Sandra Kaufman from Westlake Village, CA is notable both individually and with her sister Amanda (Mandy) Bentley as the Bentley Twins. The 5 foot 9 inch tall twins were featured on the May 2000 cover of Playboy and were well known as Hugh Hefner's live-in lovers at the Playboy Mansion during 1999 and 2000.

The sisters were featured on the October 3, 2005 episode of Two and a Half Men, the September 17, 2000 episode of Sex and the City, and the April 24, 2000 episode of The Daily Show with Jon Stewart.

Joliet, Illinois
Joliet (/ˈdʒoʊliɛt, ˌdʒoʊliˈɛt/ JOH-lee-et, -⁠ET) is a city in Will and Kendall counties in the U.S. state of Illinois. Located 40 miles (64 km) southwest of Chicago, it is the county seat of Will County. The population was 150,362 at the 2020 census, making it the third-most populous city in Illinois.
Johann Friedrich Röhr
Johann Friedrich Röhr (30 July 1777 in Roßbach – 15 June 1848 in Weimar) was a German theologian; regarded as a main representative of theological rationalism.

From 1796 he studied theology at the University of Leipzig, and following completion of studies, served as a vespers preacher at the University Church in Leipzig. In 1802 he became an assistant pastor in Pforta, then from 1804 to 1820 was a pastor in Ostrau bei Zeitz. Afterwards, he served as head pastor and general superintendent in Weimar. On 26 March 1832, he delivered the eulogy at the funeral of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.

Naumburg
Naumburg (German: [ˈnaʊmbʊɐ̯k] ⓘ) is a town in (and the administrative capital of) the district Burgenlandkreis, in the state of Saxony-Anhalt, Central Germany. It has a population of around 33,000. The Naumburg Cathedral became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2018. This UNESCO designation recognizes the processes that shaped the European continent during the High Middle Ages between 1000 and 1300: Christianization, the so-called "Landesausbau"  and the dynamics of cultural exchange and transfer characteristic for this very period.
Gert Molière
Paul Friederich Gaspard Gert Molière (7 April 1909, Butzbach, Hessen – 1964, Tübingen) was a German theoretical physicist, specializing in nuclear physics and particle physics. He is known for the Molière radius, which is useful in studying Bhabha scattering.

Kaiser Wilhelm Society
The Kaiser Wilhelm Society for the Advancement of Science (German: Kaiser-Wilhelm-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften) was a German scientific institution established in the German Empire in 1911. Its functions were taken over by the Max Planck Society. The Kaiser Wilhelm Society was an umbrella organisation for many institutes, testing stations, and research units created under its authority.
Shi Dongpeng
Shi Dongpeng (simplified Chinese: 史冬鹏; traditional Chinese: 史冬鵬; pinyin: Shǐ Dōngpéng, born January 6, 1982, in Hebei, People's Republic of China) is a Chinese hurdler who specializes in the 110 metre hurdles.

Shi won a silver medal at the 2002 World Junior Championships in Kingston, Jamaica, finished sixth at the 2003 World Championships in Paris, France, and won a silver medal at the 2006 Asian Games in Doha, Qatar. At the Asian Championships he won a gold in 2003 and silver in 2005.

Shi's personal best time is 13.19 seconds, achieved in August 2007 in Osaka, Japan, at the 2007 World Championships in Athletics.

In 2022, The Athletics Integrity Unit disqualified Shi from the 2002 World Junior Championships, having confirmed that his actual birth year was 1982 and not 1984.

2003 World Championships in Athletics
The 9th World Championships in Athletics (French: Championnats du monde d'athlétisme 2003), under the auspices of the International Association of Athletics Federations, were held from 23 August to 31 August 2003 in the streets of Paris and the Stade de France in Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis, France.
Joyce Sutphen
Joyce Sutphen (born August 10, 1949) is an American poet who served as Minnesota's Poet Laureate from 2011 to 2021. She was the state's second laureate, appointed by Governor Mark Dayton in August, 2011 to succeed Robert Bly. Sutphen is professor emerita of English at Gustavus Adolphus College in St. Peter, Minnesota.

St. Peter, Minnesota
St. Peter is a city and the county seat of Nicollet County, Minnesota, United States. It is 10 miles north of the Mankato–North Mankato metropolitan area. The population was 12,066 at the 2020 census. It is home to Gustavus Adolphus College.

U.S. Highway 169 and Minnesota State Highways 22 and 99 are three of the city's main routes. St. Peter is known for being located on the scenic Minnesota River valley, being home to the St. Peter State Hospital Museum, the Traverse Des Sioux historic site and the St. Peter Armory. Also, St. Peter's sister city is Petatlán, Guerrero, Mexico.
Thomas Sandford
Thomas Sandford (1762 – December 10, 1808) was an American soldier and politician.

He was born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1762, son of Youell Sanford (d. January 24, 1794 in Cople Parish, Westmoreland County) and Elizabeth Pope (b. 1732), daughter from a family long important in Virginia politics. In 1770, he inherited 150 acres of land from his paternal grandfather, Youell Sanford Sr.

He rose to become a General in the American War of Independence. Following the Revolution, he settled in Kentucky, where he had been granted land, in 1792.  In his political career, he was a state representative and senator, then a representative in the Eighth and Ninth Congresses (1803–1807).  He drowned in the Ohio River near Covington, Kentucky on December 10, 1808.

8th United States Congress
The 8th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1803, to March 4, 1805, during the last two years of Thomas Jefferson's first term in office. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1800 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.
Northland, Kansas City
The Northland is an area on the northside of the Kansas City metropolitan area comprising Platte County and Clay County. North of the Missouri River, the Northland includes the northern part of Kansas City, Missouri, the cities of North Kansas City, Liberty, Parkville, Riverside, Platte City, and Gladstone, and the towns of Smithville, Weatherby Lake, and Pleasant Valley. The area is home to more than 360,000 people.

The Northland is largely suburban and rural compared to the rest of the Kansas City metro area, but it has been rapidly developing since the 2010s.

Notable Businesses and Attractions

Briarcliff Village

Charles B. Wheeler Downtown Airport

Kansas City International Airport

North Kansas City Hospital

Oceans of Fun

Shoal Creek Living History Museum

Weston

William Jewell College

Worlds of Fun

Zona Rosa

Gladstone, Missouri
Gladstone is a city in Clay County, Missouri, United States and a suburb of Kansas City. The City of Gladstone is located about 10–20 minutes from downtown Kansas City, and about 10–20 minutes from Kansas City International Airport. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 27,063. It is part of the Kansas City metropolitan area.