hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lord George Murray (bishop)
Lord George Murray (30 January 1761 – 3 June 1803) was an Anglican cleric best remembered for his work developing Britain's first optical telegraph, which began relaying messages from London to Deal in 1796, a few years after Claude Chappe's system began operation in France. He was Bishop of Saint David's from 1801 until his death.

Claude Chappe
Claude Chappe (French: [klod ʃap]; 25 December 1763 – 23 January 1805) was a French inventor who in 1792 demonstrated a practical semaphore system that eventually spanned all of France. His system consisted of a series of towers, each within line of sight of others, each supporting a wooden mast with two crossarms on pivots that could be placed in various positions. The operator in a tower moved the arms to a sequence of positions, spelling out text messages in semaphore code. The operator in the next tower read the message through a telescope, then passed it on to the next tower. This was the first practical telecommunications system of the industrial age, and was used until the 1850s when electric telegraph systems replaced it.
Coat of arms of the Pomeranian Voivodeship
The resolution regarding the coat of arms of the Pomeranian Voivodeship was taken on by the Sejmik of the Pomeranian Voivodship in Gdańsk.

On a yellow background, the image of a black Griffin of Pomeranian-Wendish origin, with raised wings and a red tongue out of the mouth.

The first example of the coat of arms is a 16th-century image of the griffin, which is in the presbytery of the Oliwa Cathedral.

The image of the black griffin looking towards the right, on a yellow background, is also known for being the coat of arms of Kashubians.
Therefore, these two coats of arms are often identified; according to some sources, as being one and an identical coat of arms.

The creator of the coat of arms is Wawrzyniec Samp.

Kashubians
The Kashubians (Kashubian: Kaszëbi; Polish: Kaszubi; German: Kaschuben), also known as Cassubians or Kashubs, are a Lechitic (West Slavic) indigenous people native to the historical region of Pomerania, including its eastern part called Pomerelia, in north-central Poland. Their settlement area is referred to as Kashubia. They speak the Kashubian language, which is classified as a separate language closely related to Polish.

The Kashubs are closely related to the Poles and sometimes classified as their subgroup. Moreover, the vast majority of Kashubians declare themselves as Poles and many of them have a Polish-Kashubian identity. The Kashubs are grouped with the Slovincians as Pomeranians. Similarly, the Slovincian (now extinct) and Kashubian languages are grouped as Pomeranian languages, with Slovincian (also known as Łeba Kashubian) either a distinct language closely related to Kashubian, or a Kashubian dialect.
Heronswood (botanical garden)
Heronswood is a botanical garden located in Kingston, Washington, in the Northwestern United States. It is also the name for a now defunct mail order specialty plant nursery business that originated at the gardens.

Kingston, Washington
Kingston (formerly Appletree Cove) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Kitsap County, Washington, United States. The population was 2,515 at the 2020 census. Kingston is along the shores of Appletree Cove and Puget Sound, and is home to a major Washington State Ferry terminal linking it to Edmonds.
John Johnson (diplomat)
Sir John Rodney Johnson, KCMG FRGS (6 September 1930 – 15 October 2018) was a British colonial administrator, diplomat, and academic administrator.

After serving in the Colonial Service in Kenya, Johnson joined the Foreign Service, becoming Consul-General and then Ambassador to Chad in 1978, British High Commissioner to Zambia and to Kenya. After his retirement, he served as Director of the University of Oxford's Foreign Service Programme. He was also chairman of the Countryside Commission.

Johnson was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George (CMG) in the 1981 New Year Honours, and promoted to Knight Commander of the Order (KCMG) in the 1988 Birthday Honours.

Colonial Service
The Colonial Service, also known as His/Her Majesty's Colonial Service and replaced in 1954 by Her Majesty's Overseas Civil Service (HMOCS), was the British government service that administered most of Britain's overseas possessions, under the authority of the Secretary of State for the Colonies and the Colonial Office in London. It did not operate in British India, where the same function was delivered by the Indian Civil Service (ICS), nor in the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan, which was administered by the Sudan Political Service (SPS), nor in the internally self-governing colony of Southern Rhodesia, which had its own civil service.
Abronamoué
Abronamoué is a village in eastern Ivory Coast. It is in the sub-prefecture of Niablé, Abengourou Department, Indénié-Djuablin Region, Comoé District.

Abronamoué was a commune until March 2012, when it became one of 1,126 communes nationwide that were abolished.

Abengourou Department
Abengourou Department is a department of Indénié-Djuablin Region in Comoé District, Ivory Coast. In 2021, its population was 430,539 and its seat is the settlement of Abengourou. The sub-prefectures of the department are Abengourou, Amélékia, Aniassué, Ebilassokro,  Niablé, Yakassé-Féyassé, and Zaranou.
Gaffney Smith
Henry H. "Gaffney" Smith Sr. (1904 – July 30, 1986) was an American college football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Campbell Junior College—now known as Campbell University—in Buies Creek, North Carolina from 1935 to 1939. Smith was a star athlete at his alma mater, Furman University. He was a three-time letter winner at tackle.  Gaffney died at the age of 82, on July 30, 1986, at Baptist Medical Center in Columbia, South Carolina.

Furman University
Furman University is a private university in Greenville, South Carolina, United States. Founded in 1826 and named after Baptist pastor Richard Furman, the liberal arts university is the oldest private institution of higher learning in South Carolina. It became a secular university in 1992, while keeping Christo et Doctrinae (For Christ and Learning) as its motto. As of Fall 2021, it enrolls approximately 2,300 undergraduate students and 150 graduate students on its 750-acre (304 ha) campus.
China Railway No.2 Group
China Railway No.2 Group Co., Ltd. and China Railway Erju Engineering Co., Ltd. were two closely connected companies. They are formerly parent-subsidiary via China Railway Erju Co., Ltd. (CREC). The group is a Chinese construction company based in Chengdu.

China Railway Erju is formerly listed on the Shanghai Stock Exchange; In turn, Erju (literally means the second bureau [of the former Ministry of Railways]) is an indirect subsidiary of China Railway Group Limited (also abb. CREC, successor of China Railway Engineering Corporation), which in turn indirectly supervised by the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council.

In January 2017, China Railway Group Limited backdoor listing some assets, as well as privatized China Railway Erju's subsidiary China Railway Erju Engineering Co., Ltd. (Chinese: 中铁二局工程有限公司). China Railway Erju was renamed to China Railway Hi-tech Industry (CRHIC) after the transactions.

Ministry of Railways (China)
The Ministry of Railways (MOR) was a constituent department of the State Council of the People's Republic of China.

The ministry was responsible for passenger services, regulation of the rail industry, development of the rail network and rail infrastructure in mainland China. The ministry was also in charge of the operations of China Railway which manages the railway bureaux and companies in mainland China.

On 10 March 2013, it was announced that the Ministry would be dissolved and its duties taken up by the Ministry of Transport (safety and regulation), National Railway Administration (inspection) and China Railway Corporation (construction and management), in part addressing concerns about calls for independent supervision of the rail industry. It was dissolved that year.
Irena Vujović
Irena Vujović (Serbian Cyrillic: Ирена Вујовић; born 3 April 1983) is a Serbian politician who served as the minister of environmental protection from 2020 to 2025. A member of the Serbian Progressive Party (SNS), she previously served as president of the Savski Venac Municipality from 2016 to 2020.

Ministry of Environmental Protection (Serbia)
The Ministry of Environmental Protection (Serbian: Министарство заштите животне средине, romanized: Ministarstvo zaštite životne sredine) is a ministry in the Government of Serbia which is in the charge of the environmental protection. The current minister is Sara Pavkov, in office since 2025.
KID Museum
KID Museum (Kids’ Innovation & Discovery) is a children's museum and child-oriented maker space in the Washington, D.C. suburb of Bethesda, Maryland.

In May 2022, KID Museum opened a new location in Downtown Bethesda that provides a larger space for activities ranging from wood shop to robotics. The new space is nearly four times the size of the old space on the lower floor of Bethesda's Davis Library which remains open for some programming. More than 330,000 people have visited the KID Museum since it opened in 2014.

The Washington Post said "The museum’s hands-on programs teach skills such as collaboration, creativity and critical thinking, as well as such technical skills as designing and building and even using power tools."

Montgomery County Public Libraries
The Montgomery County Public Libraries (MCPL) is the public library system for residents of Montgomery County, Maryland. The system includes 21 publicly accessible branches as well as a branch in the Montgomery County Correctional Facility.
Utah Lake Monster
The Utah Lake Monster is a legendary creature reportedly inhabiting Utah Lake in Utah County. The legend may have roots in local Ute traditions regarding aquatic beings known as Pawapicts (or "Water Babies"), and continued through sightings reported by 19th-century settlers.

Legendary creature
A legendary creature is a type of supernatural entity that is described in folklore (including myths and legends), and may be featured in historical accounts before modernity, but has not been scientifically shown to exist.

In the classical era, monstrous creatures such as the Cyclops and the Minotaur appear in heroic tales for the protagonist to destroy. Other creatures, such as the unicorn, were claimed in accounts of natural history by various scholars of antiquity. Some legendary creatures are hybrid beasts or Chimeras.

Some legendary creatures originated in traditional mythology and were believed to be real creatures—for example, dragons, griffins and unicorns. Others are based on real encounters or garbled accounts of travellers' tales, such as the Vegetable Lamb of Tartary, a sheeplike animal which supposedly grew tethered to the earth.
California corbina
The California corbina (Menticirrhus undulatus), or California kingcroaker,  is marine demersal fish in the croaker family. It can often be found along sandy beaches and in shallow bays. This species travels in small groups along the surf zone in a few inches of water to depths of 20 meters (66 ft). Other names include "California kingcroaker", "California whiting", and "kingfish".

Sciaenidae
Sciaenidae is a family of ray-finned fishes belonging to the order Acanthuriformes. They are commonly called drums or croakers in reference to the repetitive throbbing or drumming sounds they make. The family consists of about 293 to 298 species in about 66 or 67 genera.
Glyph Lefkowitz
Glyph Lefkowitz is an American open-source software programmer and creator of the Twisted network programming framework for Python. His work on asynchronous programming techniques influenced the core Python language, as well as the JavaScript Promises ecosystem, through Dojo and Mochikit.

He is a frequent speaker at developer conferences and was elected a fellow of the Python Software Foundation (PSF) in 2009.

Between 2009 and 2013, he was one of the primary contributors of Apple's Calendar and Contacts Server (CCS) software.

In 2017, the PSF awarded Lefkowitz their Community Service Award for his influence on the direction of the Python language and community, including his role in pioneering asynchronous programming models.

Dojo (web framework)
Dojo (stylized as Dojo Toolkit or dōjō toolkit before 2.0) is an open-source modular JavaScript library or (or more specifically toolkit or UI framework) designed to ease the rapid development of cross-platform, JavaScript/Ajax-based applications and web sites. It was started by Alex Russell, Dylan Schiemann, David Schontzler, and others in 2004 and is dual-licensed under the modified BSD license or the Academic Free License (≥ 2.1).

The Dojo Foundation was a non-profit organization created with the goal to promote the adoption of the toolkit. In 2016, the foundation merged with jQuery Foundation to become JS Foundation.
Michelle Josef
Michelle Josef (born March 21, 1953), formerly Bohdan Hluszko, is a Canadian musician and transgender activist.

Under her former name, Josef was already established as one of Canada's leading session drummers, and has continued her career in music. She has appeared on albums by Prairie Oyster, Doug Sahm, Jo-El Sonnier, Wild Strawberries, Sylvia Tyson, Long John Baldry, Scott B. Sympathy, Big Rude Jake, Sharon, Lois and Bram, and David Wilcox. She is a member of Canadian roots super group Hey Stella!

In 1998, she received a Canadian Country Music Award for drummer of the year.

Sylvia Tyson
Sylvia Tyson, CM (née Fricker; born 19 September 1940) is a Canadian singer-songwriter, musician and broadcaster. She is best known as part of the folk duo Ian & Sylvia, with Ian Tyson. Since 1993, she has been a member of the all-female folk group Quartette.
Alex Nedeljkovic
Alexander Nedeljkovic (Serbian Cyrillic: Александар Недељковић, romanized: Aleksandar Nedeljković (/ˈnɛdɛlkəvɪtʃ/ NEH-del-kə-vitch, born January 7, 1996) is an American professional ice hockey player who is a goaltender for the San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League (NHL). Nedeljkovic was selected by the Carolina Hurricanes in the second round (37th overall) of the 2014 NHL entry draft.

2014 NHL entry draft
The 2014 NHL entry draft was the 52nd entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held on June 27–28, 2014, at the Wells Fargo Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The top three selections were Aaron Ekblad by the Florida Panthers, Sam Reinhart by the Buffalo Sabres, and Leon Draisaitl by the Edmonton Oilers. This draft featured the first selection of a player from Oceania with Australian Nathan Walker being selected by the Washington Capitals in the third round.

As of 2025 there are 58 active NHL players from this draft.
KVIN
KVIN (920 kHz "Punjabi Radio USA 920 AM") is a commercial AM radio station broadcasting a radio format of Punjabi language talk and Punjabi music. Licensed to Ceres, California, it serves the Stockton and Modesto radio markets. The station is owned by Balwinder Kaur Khalsa and Kilpreet Singh Khalsa, through licensee Punjabi American Media LLC. They just changed their format to Punjabi Language.

KVIN has two FM translator stations rebroadcasting its programming: 92.3 K222BX in Modesto and 107.1 K296HL in Manteca. KVIN is one of few AM radio stations that increases its power at night. By day, KVIN runs at 500 watts but at sunset, power increases to 2,500 watts. It uses a directional antenna at all times. The daytime transmitter is off Iowa Avenue in Riverdale Park and the nighttime transmitter is off Hickman Road in Hickman.

Riverdale Park, California
Riverdale Park is a census-designated place (CDP) in Stanislaus County, California, United States. The population was 1,053 at the 2020 census, down from 1,128 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Modesto Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Phillip Pizzo
Phillip A. Pizzo (born 1950), known as The Mall Rapist, is an American serial rapist who committed numerous assaults against women and girls in the Greater Boston area between 1983 and 1984. In November 1984, Pizzo was convicted of kidnapping and raping seven, and received 11 life imprisonment terms with a chance of parole. He later confessed to having raped 20 women. Pizzo's crimes caused a moral panic, due to which any girl or woman was advised to refrain from visiting malls or shopping centers unaccompanied.

Serial rapist
A serial rapist is someone who commits multiple rapes, whether with multiple victims or a single victim repeatedly over a period of time. Some serial rapists target children. The terms sexual predator, repeat rape and multiple offending can also be used to describe the activities of those who commit a number of consecutive rapes, but remain unprosecuted when self-reported in research. Others will commit their assaults in prisons.

In some instances, a group of serial rapists will work together.  These rapists can have a pattern of behavior that is sometimes used to predict their activities and aid in their arrest and conviction. Serial rapists also differ from one-time offenders because "serial rapists more often involved kidnapping, verbally and physically threatening the victims, and using or threatening the use of weapons."
Huda Salih Mahdi Ammash
Huda Salih Mahdi Ammash (Arabic: هدى صالح مهدي عماش) (born 29 October 1953) is an Iraqi scientist and academic. Ammash was often referred to as "Mrs. Anthrax" or "Chemical Sally" due to her alleged association with an Iraqi biological weapons program.

Ammash was number 53 on the Pentagon's list of the 55 most wanted, the "five of hearts", in the U.S. deck of most-wanted Iraqi playing cards, and the only woman to be featured. She surrendered to coalition forces in May 2003 but was released in December 2005 without being charged.

University of Baghdad
The University of Baghdad (UOB) (Arabic: جامعة بغداد), is a public research university in Baghdad, Iraq. It is the largest university in Iraq and the tenth largest in the Arab world. Established in 1957, it was the second largest university in the Arab world, after the University of Cairo. The university has four campuses across the city, located in Al-Jadriyah, Bab al-Muadhdham, Nahda Road and Wazeriya neighborhoods.

The first constituent was opened in 1908, followed by further institutions. Baghdad University provides academic programs in variety of fields such as engineering, medical sciences, liberal arts and religious education. The university maintains four campuses across the city, located in Al-Jadriyah, Bab al-Muadhdham, Wazeriya and Nahda Road.
Civil Resolution Tribunal
The Civil Resolution Tribunal (CRT) is Canada's first online administrative tribunal, located in British Columbia (BC), Canada and created under a Provincial statute. It is one of the first examples in the world of online dispute resolution (ODR) being incorporated into the public justice system.

Supreme Court of British Columbia
The Supreme Court of British Columbia is the superior trial court for the province of British Columbia, Canada. The Court hears civil and criminal law cases as well as appeals from the Provincial Court of British Columbia. There are 90 judicial positions on the Court in addition to supernumerary judges, making for a grand total of 108 judges. There are also 13 Supreme Court masters, who hear and dispose of a wide variety of applications in chambers.

The court was established in 1859 as the "Supreme Court of the Mainland of British Columbia" to distinguish it from the "Supreme Court of Vancouver Island". The two courts merged in 1870 under the present name.
HMCS Antigonish
HMCS Antigonish, named for Antigonish, Nova Scotia, was a River-class frigate that served in the Royal Canadian Navy in the Second World War in the Battle of the Atlantic from 1944 to 1945. The vessel was laid down on 2 October 1943 and launched on 10 February 1944. The ship was commissioned on 4 July 1944 and escorted transatlantic convoys providing anti-submarine protection. The frigate remained in service until after the end of the war, being decommissioned on 2 May 1946 placed in reserve. Antigonish was reactivated in 1947 for use as a training ship during the Korean War and remained as such until 1954 when she was decommissioned again. She was recommissioned on 12 October 1957 after undergoing a modernization program that reconfigured the ship into a Prestonian-class frigate. The vessel remained in service until 30 November 1966 and was sold for scrap, and broken up in Japan in 1968.

Antigonish, Nova Scotia
Antigonish (/ˌæntɪɡəˈnɪʃ/ AN-tig-ə-NISH; Canadian Gaelic: Am Baile Mòr [am ˈpalə ˈmuːɾ]) is a town in Antigonish County, Nova Scotia, Canada. The town is home to St. Francis Xavier University and the oldest continuous Highland games outside Scotland. It is approximately 160 kilometres (100 miles) northeast of Halifax, the provincial capital.
Chamic languages
The Chamic languages, also known as Aceh–Chamic and Acehnese–Chamic, are a group of ten languages spoken in Aceh (Sumatra, Indonesia) and in parts of Cambodia, Thailand, Vietnam and Hainan, China. The Chamic languages are a subgroup of Malayo-Polynesian languages in the Austronesian family. The ancestor of this subfamily, proto-Chamic, is associated with the Sa Huỳnh culture, its speakers arriving in what is now Vietnam from Formosa.

The most widely spoken Chamic languages are Acehnese with 3.5 million speakers, Cham with about 280,000, and Jarai with about 230,000, in both Cambodia and Vietnam. Tsat is the most northern and least spoken, with only 3000 speakers by the Utsuls in Hainan.

Sa Huỳnh culture
The Sa Huỳnh culture was a culture in what is now central and southern Vietnam that flourished between 1000 BC and 200 AD. Archaeological sites from the culture have been discovered from the Mekong Delta to Quảng Bình province in central Vietnam. The Sa Huynh people were most likely the predecessors of the Cham people, an Austronesian-speaking people and the founders of the kingdom of Champa.: 211–217
Patrick Burns (businessman)
Patrick Burns (July 6, 1856 – February 24, 1937) was a Canadian politician, rancher, meat packer, businessman, and philanthropist. A self-made man of wealth, he built one of the world's largest integrated meat-packing empires, P. Burns & Co., becoming one of the wealthiest Canadians of his time. He is honoured as one of the Big Four western cattle kings who started the Calgary Stampede in Alberta in 1912.

He made his fortune in the meat industry, but ranching was his true passion. Burns's 700,000 acres (2,800 km2) of cattle ranches covered so vast an area of Southern Alberta that he boasted about being able to travel from Cochrane to the US border without ever leaving his land.

In 1931, he was appointed to the Canadian Senate as a representative for Alberta. On October 16, 2008, the Calgary Herald named Burns as Alberta's Greatest Citizen.

Cochrane, Alberta
Cochrane (/ˈkɒkrən/ KOK-rən) is a town in the Calgary Metropolitan Region of Alberta, Canada. The town is located 18 km (11 mi) west of the Calgary city limits along Highway 1A. Cochrane is one of the fastest-growing communities in Canada, and with a population of 32,199 in 2021, it is one of the largest towns in Alberta. It is part of Calgary's census metropolitan area and a member community of the Calgary Metropolitan Region Board (CMRB). The town is surrounded by Rocky View County.