hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2022 Dutch Indoor Athletics Championships
The 2022 Dutch Indoor Athletics Championships (Dutch: Nederlandse kampioenschappen indooratletiek 2022) was the 51st edition of the national championship in indoor track and field for the Netherlands, organised by the Royal Dutch Athletics Federation. It was held on 26–27 February at the Omnisport Apeldoorn in Apeldoorn. A total of 24 events (divided evenly between the sexes) were contested over the two-day competition.

Royal Dutch Athletics Federation
The Royal Dutch Athletics Federation (Dutch: Koninklijke Nederlandse Atletiek Unie or Atletiekunie) is the governing body for the sport of athletics in the Netherlands.

The federation was founded in 1901. It has been organizing the Dutch Athletics Championships since 1910 and the Dutch Indoor Athletics Championships since 1969. Furthermore, it maintains the Dutch records in athletics and awards the Dutch Athlete of the Year.

The federation is affiliated with World Athletics (WA), European Athletic Association (EAA), and Dutch Olympic Committee-National Sports Federation (NOC*NSF).
Law Hill
Law Hill is a hill in the North Ayrshire town of West Kilbride, overlooking the Firth of Clyde and the hills of Arran beyond. The summit rises above the village, with nearby Law Castle a few minutes walk away.

On the farm road which approaches the peak, there are a number of green huts which are used as holiday dwellings or allotments. Huts of this type were first used as retreats for military servicemen and are now commonly used by families and pensioners, although their number in Scotland has declined.

The summit of Law Hill is capped with a large radio tower which belongs to Arqiva.

North Ayrshire
North Ayrshire (Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Àir a Tuath, pronounced [ˈʃirˠəxk aːɾʲ ə ˈt̪ʰuə]) is one of 32 council areas in Scotland. The council area borders Inverclyde to the north, Renfrewshire and East Renfrewshire to the northeast, and East Ayrshire and South Ayrshire to the east and south respectively. The local authority is North Ayrshire Council, formed in 1996 with the same boundaries as the district of Cunninghame, which existed from 1975 to 1996.

Located in the west central Lowlands with the Firth of Clyde to its west, the council area covers the northern portion of the historic county of Ayrshire, in addition to the islands of Arran and The Cumbraes from the historic county of Buteshire. North Ayrshire had an estimated population of 134,010 in 2024. Its largest towns are Irvine and Kilwinning. From 1975 to 1996 under the name Cunninghame it was one of nineteen local government districts in the Strathclyde region.
Independent Schools Council
The Independent Schools Council (ISC) is a non-profit lobby group that represents over 1,400 private schools in the United Kingdom. The Council acts as an umbrella organization for seven independent school associations and coordinates efforts to promote the interests of its member schools within the UK education system, including liaising with the Department for Education. Approximately 6% of school-aged children in England attend independent schools affiliated with the ISC.

Department for Education
The Department for Education (DfE) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It is responsible for child protection, child services, education (compulsory, further, and higher education), apprenticeships, and wider skills in England.

A Department for Education previously existed between 1992, when the Department of Education and Science was renamed, and 1995, when it was merged with the Department for Employment to become the Department for Education and Employment.

The current holder of Secretary of State for Education is the Rt Hon Bridget Phillipson MP and Susan Acland-Hood is the permanent secretary.

The expenditure, administration, and policy of the Department of Education are scrutinised by the Education Select Committee.
Sakuragichō train fire
The Sakuragichō train fire (桜木町事故, Sakuragichō jiko) occurred on April 24, 1951, when a 63 series Keihin Line (now part of the Negishi Line) train approaching Sakuragichō Station in Yokohama hit a loose overhead wire causing a short circuit and starting a fire which killed 106 people and injured 92.

Overhead line
An overhead line or overhead wire is an electrical cable that is used to transmit electrical energy to electric locomotives, electric multiple units, trolleybuses or trams. The generic term used by the International Union of Railways for the technology is overhead line. It is known variously as overhead catenary, overhead contact line (OCL), overhead contact system (OCS), overhead equipment (OHE), overhead line equipment (OLE or OHLE), overhead lines (OHL), overhead wiring (OHW), traction wire, and trolley wire.

An overhead line consists of one or more wires (or rails, particularly in tunnels) situated over rail tracks, raised to a high electrical potential by connection to feeder stations at regularly spaced intervals along the track. The feeder stations are usually fed from a high-voltage electrical grid.
Battle of Little Dry Creek
The Battle of Little Dry Creek was a skirmish during Geronimo's War. Chiricahua Apache warriors were raiding in the Arizona and New Mexico border area when they ambushed a larger force of United States Army troops and Navajo Scouts near Pleasanton.

Chiricahua
Chiricahua (/ˌtʃɪrɪˈkɑːwə/ CHIRR-i-KAH-wə) is a band of Apache Native Americans.

Based in the Southern Plains and Southwestern United States, the Chiricahua historically shared a common area, language, customs, and intertwined family relations with their fellow Apaches. At the time of European contact, they had a territory of 15 million acres (61,000 km2) in Southwestern New Mexico and Southeastern Arizona in the United States and in Northern Sonora and Chihuahua in Mexico.

Today Chiricahua live in Northern Mexico and in the United States where they are primarily enrolled in three federally recognized tribes: the Fort Sill Apache Tribe, located near Apache, Oklahoma, with a small reservation outside Deming, New Mexico; the Mescalero Apache Tribe of the Mescalero Reservation near Ruidoso, New Mexico; and the San Carlos Apache Tribe in southeastern Arizona.
2025 Speedway Grand Prix of Latvia
The 2025 FIM Speedway Grand Prix of Latvia was the eighth round of the 2025 Speedway Grand Prix season (the World Championship of speedway). It took place on 2 August at the Biķernieki Speedway Stadium in Riga, Latvia. It was the 11th time that the Speedway Grand Prix of Latvia was held.

The event was won by Brady Kurtz (his 3rd career Grand Prix win and 3rd consecutive win).

Riga Speedway Stadium
The Riga Speedway Stadium or the Biķernieki Speedway Stadium is a multi-use stadium in the eastern part of Riga, Latvia.  The stadium is the venue for the World Championship round known as the Speedway Grand Prix of Latvia and the Team Speedway Under-21 World Championship.

The speedway track which is adjacent to the Biķernieki Complex Sports Base was first constructed in 1976 and held several editions of the Soviet Union Speedway Championship before falling into disrepair. However, in 2014 the track was renovated and has even hosted a drift race car meeting that normally tales place on the larger adjacent circuit.

In 2023, the venue hosted both the Speedway Grand Prix of Latvia and the 2023 Speedway of Nations 2. It has since continued to host the world championship round in 2024 and 2025.
USS Key West
USS Key West has been the name of three ships in the United States Navy.

USS Key West (1862), was a steamship used by the Union Navy during the American Civil War

USS Key West (PF-17), was a Tacoma-class frigate launched in 1943 and scrapped in 1947

USS Key West (SSN-722), is a Los Angeles-class submarine currently in service

USS Key West (1862)
USS Key West was a steamer acquired by the Union Navy during the American Civil War. She was used by the Union Navy as a convoy and patrol vessel on Confederate waterways, only to be sunk, along with Elfin and Tawah by Confederate shore batteries.
Rotameter (railway)
The New South Wales Government Railways constructed in 1903 a device for measuring the length of its lines of railway. That authority named the machine a Rotameter. It consisted of a four-wheel trolley with an additional large fifth wheel which traveled along the running surface of the rail. Its last recorded use was in the 1920s.

New South Wales Government Railways
New South Wales Government Railways (NSWGR) was an agency of the Government of New South Wales which administered rail transport in the colony, and then the state, of New South Wales, Australia, between 1855 and 1932.
Ashworth Improvement Plan
The Ashworth Improvement Plan was a report that recommended a number of improvements to be made to the electrified suburban railways of inner city Melbourne, Australia. It was produced in 1940 by a committee headed by John Marmaduke Ashworth, the Victorian Railways Chief Engineer for Way and Works.  In order to meet projected future needs, the report recommended duplication of lines, terminal improvements and underground railway connections.

Victorian Railways
The Victorian Railways (VR), trading from 1974 as VicRail, was the state-owned operator of most rail transport in the Australian state of Victoria from 1859 to 1983. The first railways in Victoria were private companies, but when these companies failed or defaulted, the Victorian Railways was established to take over their operations. Most of the lines operated by the Victorian Railways were of 5 ft 3 in (1,600 mm). However, the railways also operated up to five 2 ft 6 in (762 mm) narrow gauge lines between 1898 and 1962, and a 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge line between Albury and Melbourne from 1961.
Gore Highway
The Gore Highway is a highway running between Toowoomba and Goondiwindi in Queensland, Australia. Together with Goulburn Valley Highway and Newell Highway, it is a part of the National Highway's Melbourne to Brisbane link. It is signed as National Highway A39.

Newell Highway
Newell Highway is a national highway in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. It provides the major road link between southeastern Queensland and Victoria via central NSW and as such carries large amounts of freight. At 1,058 kilometres (657 mi) in length, the Newell is the longest highway in NSW, and passes through fifteen local government areas.

The highway is named in honour of H. H. Newell, the first Commissioner for Main Roads in New South Wales (1932–1941). It is designated route A39 for its entire length.
1997 Women's Hockey Champions Trophy
The 1997 Women's Hockey Champions Trophy was the 6th edition of the Hockey Champions Trophy for women. It was held between 1–8 June 1997 in Berlin, Germany. From this edition on a win was rewarded with three points instead of two, and a draw with one point.

Australia won the tournament for the fourth consecutive time after defeating Germany 2–1 in the final with a golden goal.

United States women's national field hockey team
The United States women's national field hockey team represents the United States in international field hockey. The team is currently coached by David Passmore. It made its first international appearance in 1920 when a touring team visited England, coached by Constance M.K. Applebee. The team made several international appearances in the early 20th century, leading to the United States hosting the 8th International Federation of Women's Hockey Associations Tournament in 1963. Once the IFWHA merged with its counterpart on the men's side, the United States' first appearance at an FIH-sanctioned tournament was the 1983 Women's Hockey World Cup in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, where the Americans ended up in sixth place. They have won bronze at the Los Angeles 1984 Summer Olympics and bronze at the 1994 World Cup.
S.S. Doomtrooper
S.S. Doomtrooper is a 2006 television science fiction film starring Corin Nemec, in which a mutated Nazi supersoldier, who can generate electrical charges as a weapon, and has greatly enhanced strength, fights against Allied troops during World War II. It was aired from Sci Fi Channel on April 1, 2006.

The character of Private Parker Lewis is an homage to Corin Nemec's character from the Fox comedy series Parker Lewis Can't Lose.

Ben Cross
Harry Bernard Cross (16 December 1947 – 18 August 2020) known as Ben Cross, was an English actor. He was best known for his portrayal of the British Olympic athlete Harold Abrahams in the 1981 film Chariots of Fire and for playing Billy Flynn in the original West End production of the musical Chicago.
Tom Clancy's SSN
Tom Clancy SSN is a 1996 submarine simulator of the 688i (Improved Los Angeles-class nuclear hunter/killer submarine) released on Microsoft Windows. The player is in command of USS Cheyenne in a limited war against China over the Spratly Islands. The gameplay is limited to a 15-mission single-player campaign in which the player carries out anti-submarine, anti-surface ship roles, intelligence gathering activities, and the launch of submarine based cruise missiles. Tom Clancy also wrote a book by the same name as a tie-in.

SSN is also the title of a board wargame published by Game Designer's Workshop in 1975, and was the first attempt at a serious modern submarine and anti-submarine warfare simulation game published for the entertainment market. It was designed by Stephen Newberg and developed by Marc Miller.

Tie-in
A tie-in work is a work of fiction or other product based on a media property such as a film, video game, television series, board game, website, role-playing game or literary property. Tie-ins are authorized by the owners of the original property, and are a form of cross-promotion used primarily to generate additional income from that property and to promote its visibility.
America's Next Top Model season 6
The sixth cycle of America's Next Top Model, premiered on March 8, 2006, which would be the last cycle to air on UPN before merging with The WB to create The CW. The catchphrase for this cycle was "Fairy Tales Come True." This cycle was filmed from October through November 2005.

The prizes for this cycle were:

A modeling contract with Ford Models.

A fashion spread and cover in Elle magazine.

A US$100,000 contract with CoverGirl cosmetics.

The international destination during this cycle was Bangkok and Phuket, Thailand, the show’s first visit to South East Asia.

The winner was 20-year-old Danielle Evans from Little Rock, Arkansas with Joanie Dodds placing as the runner-up.

Phuket (city)
Phuket (/puːˈkɛt/ poo-KET; Thai: เทศบาลนครภูเก็ต or ภูเก็ต, pronounced [pʰūː.kèt]) is a city in the southeast of Phuket Island, Thailand, and the capital of Phuket province. As of 2024 the city municipality had a population of 71,284 and an urban population of 252,515 in the entire district of Amphoe Mueang. When considering the broader metropolitan area, the population is approximately 430,000.

Phuket is 862 km (535.6 mi) south of Bangkok.
14th (Service) Battalion, Gloucestershire Regiment (West of England)
The 14th (Service) Battalion, Gloucestershire Regiment (West of England) ('14th Glosters') was a Bantam battalion recruited in World War I as part of 'Kitchener's Army' from men who were below the minimum height normally required by the British Army. Together with other bantam battalions it joined the 35th Division and served with it on the Western Front from early 1916, first seeing action at the Battle of the Somme. The Bantam concept did not survive the losses of the Somme, and had to be abandoned when the battalions became filled with reinforcements who were not simply undersized but actually unfit for service. In 1917 the 14th Glosters became a conventional infantry battalion and saw further action during operations along the Hindenburg Line, when one of its officers won the Victoria Cross, and at the Battle of Passchendaele before being broken up early in 1918 to provide reinforcements to other units.

Neuve-Chapelle
Neuve-Chapelle (West Flemish: Nieuwkappel) is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Hauts-de-France region of France It was the site of a First World War battle in 1915 about 8 miles (13 km) northeast of Béthune and 16 miles (26 km) southwest of Lille.
Polonodon
Polonodon is an extinct genus of dromatheriid cynodonts that lived in what is now Poland during the Carnian stage of the Late Triassic. It includes one species, Polonodon woznikiensis, which is known only from isolated teeth.

Carnian
The Carnian (less commonly, Karnian) is the lowermost stage of the Upper Triassic Series (or earliest age of the Late Triassic Epoch). It lasted from 237 to 227.3 million years ago (Ma). The Carnian is preceded by the Ladinian and is followed by the Norian. Its boundaries are not characterized by major extinctions or biotic turnovers, but a climatic event (known as the Carnian pluvial episode characterized by substantial rainfall) occurred during the Carnian and seems to be associated with important extinctions or biotic radiations. Another extinction occurred at the Carnian-Norian boundary, ending the Carnian age.
Georgia World War II Army Airfields
During World War II, the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) established numerous airfields in Georgia for antisubmarine defense in the Gulf of Mexico and for training pilots and aircrews of USAAF fighters and bombers.

Most of these airfields were under the command of Third Air Force or the Army Air Forces Training Command (AAFTC)  However the other USAAF support commands (Air Technical Service Command (ATSC); Air Transport Command (ATC) or Troop Carrier Command) commanded a significant number of airfields in a support roles.

It is still possible to find remnants of these wartime airfields. Many were converted into municipal airports, some were returned to agriculture and several were retained as United States Air Force installations and were front-line bases during the Cold War. Hundreds of the temporary buildings that were used survive today, and are being used for other purposes.

Air Materiel Command
Air Materiel Command (AMC) was a United States Army Air Forces and United States Air Force command. Its headquarters was located at Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. In 1961, the command was redesignated the Air Force Logistics Command (AFLC) with some of its functions transferred to the new Air Force Systems Command.
Isaiah Punivai
Isaiah Punivai (born 1 December 2000, in New Zealand) is a New Zealand rugby union player who plays for Canterbury in the Mitre 10 Cup, and for the Crusaders in Super Rugby. His preferred playing position is centre, wing or fullback. After moving from Lower Hutt to Christchurch, Punivai attended Prebbleton Primary School and Christ's College in Christchurch, until he was bought by Saint Kentigern College's 1st XV in Auckland for his last year of schooling. He signed for the Canterbury squad in 2020, and was named in the Crusaders squad for the 2021 season the same year.

Canterbury (National Provincial Championship)
Canterbury are a New Zealand professional rugby union team based in Canterbury, New Zealand. The union was originally established in 1879, with the National Provincial Championship established in 1976. They now play in the reformed National Provincial Championship competition. They play their home games at Apollo Projects Stadium in Christchurch in the Canterbury region. The team is affiliated with the Crusaders Super Rugby franchise. Their home playing colours are black and red.
Fred Holstein
Fred Holstein (December 9, 1942 – January 12, 2004) was an American folk music singer. Holstein was a prominent figure in the Chicago folk music scene in the 1960s through 1980s. He co owned two clubs in the Old Town and Lincoln Park neighborhoods. Unlike many of his contemporaries, he was not a songwriter, but his talent for singing with his resonant baritone and arranging was well recognized.

Old Town, Chicago
Old Town is a neighborhood and historic district in Near North Side and Lincoln Park, Chicago, Illinois. It contains many of Chicago's older, Victorian-era buildings, including St. Michael's Church, one of seven buildings to survive the Great Chicago Fire.
Fort de Champillon
The Fort de Champillon is a twentieth-century Swiss fortification located in the heights overlooking the Rhône valley from the north between Montreux and Monthey. Completed in 1944, the fort secures the road and rail lines running east from Lausanne to the mountainous interior of Switzerland.  The position is an advanced work protecting the approaches to Fortress Saint-Maurice, part of the Swiss National Redoubt. It is entered from the plateau just downhill from Corbeyrier, a village on the heights at the foot of the Tour d'Aï.

Rhône
The Rhône (/roʊn/ ROHN, French: [ʁon] ⓘ; Occitan: Ròse; Arpitan: Rôno) is a major river in France and Switzerland, rising in the Alps and flowing west and south through Lake Geneva and Southeastern France before discharging into the Mediterranean Sea (Gulf of Lion). At Arles, near its mouth, the river divides into the Great Rhône (French: le Grand Rhône; Occitan: Grand Ròse) and the Little Rhône (le Petit Rhône; Pichon Ròse). The resulting delta forms the Camargue region.

The river's source is the Rhône Glacier, at the eastern edge of the Swiss canton of Valais. The glacier is part of the Saint-Gotthard Massif, which gives rise to three other major rivers: the Reuss, Rhine and Ticino.

The Rhône is, with the Po and the Nile, one of the three Mediterranean rivers with the largest water discharge.
Russian ship Soobrazitelny
Soobrazitelny (Russian: Сообразительный; lit. "astute"; alternate spellings Soobrazitelnyy, and Soobrazitelnyi) can refer to a number of Russian and Soviet warships:

Soviet destroyer Soobrazitelny (1940), a Soviet Navy Storozhevoy-class destroyer

Soviet cruiser Soobrazitelny, a Soviet Navy Kynda-class cruiser renamed Varyag while under construction

Soviet destroyer Soobrazitelny (1961), a Soviet Navy Kashin-class destroyer

Russian corvette Soobrazitelny, a Russian Navy Steregushchiy-class corvette

Russian corvette Soobrazitelny
Soobrazitelny (Russian: Сообразительный, lit. 'Smart/Astute') is the second ship of the Steregushchy-class corvette (officially known as Project 20380) built for the Russian Navy in the early 21st century.
Odds algorithm
In decision theory, the odds algorithm (or Bruss algorithm) is a mathematical method for computing optimal strategies for a class of problems that belong to the domain of optimal stopping problems.  Their solution follows from the odds strategy, and the importance of the odds strategy lies in its optimality, as explained below.

The odds algorithm applies to a class of problems called  last-success problems.  Formally, the objective in these problems is to maximize the probability of identifying in a sequence of sequentially observed independent events the last event satisfying a specific criterion (a "specific event").  This identification must be done at the time of observation.  No revisiting of preceding observations is permitted.  Usually, a specific event is defined by the decision maker as an event that is of true interest in the view of "stopping" to take a well-defined action. Such problems are encountered  in several situations.

Decision theory
Decision theory or the theory of rational choice is a branch of probability, economics, and analytic philosophy that uses expected utility and probability to model how individuals would behave rationally under uncertainty. It differs from the cognitive and behavioral sciences in that it is mainly prescriptive and concerned with identifying optimal decisions for a rational agent, rather than describing how people actually make decisions. Despite this, the field is important to the study of real human behavior by social scientists, as it lays the foundations to mathematically model and analyze individuals in fields such as sociology, economics, criminology, cognitive science, moral philosophy and political science.