hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mačkovec, Kočevje
Mačkovec (pronounced [ˈmaːtʃkɔʋəts]; formerly also Mačkova vas, German: Katzendorf, sometimes Kazendorf, Gottscheerish: Kotzndoarf) is a settlement in the Municipality of Kočevje in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Gottscheerish
Gottscheerish (Göttscheabarisch, German: Gottscheerisch, Slovene: kočevarščina) is an Upper German dialect which was the main language of communication among the Gottscheers in the enclave of Gottschee, Slovenia, before 1941. It is occasionally referred to as Granish or Granisch in the United States (< German Krainisch 'Carniolan'), a term also used for Slovene.
Samuel Lyons (Australian politician)
Samuel Lyons (9 June 1826 – 25 August 1910) was an Australian politician.

He was the younger son of auctioneer, landowner and businessman Samuel Lyons (1791-1851) and Mary Murphy ( -1832), and attended the University of Liège and Cambridge University. On 24 March 1853 Lyons married Charlotte Margaret Fuller at St James' Church, Sydney, and they had three sons and a daughter.

Lyons took over his father's enterprises on his father's death in 1851, and was a respected businessman and property owner. He was elected to the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Canterbury at the 1859 election, but retired in 1860. He stood again for Canterbury at the December 1864 election, but was unsuccessful. He returned to the Legislative Assembly as the member for Central Cumberland at the 1868 by-election, but retired again in 1869.

Lyons died at Leura on 25 August 1910(1910-08-25) (aged 84).

1868 Central Cumberland colonial by-election
A by-election was held for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly electorate of Central Cumberland on 17 December 1868 because of the resignation of Allan Macpherson, who left the colony to return to Europe.
Whitfield (given name)
Whitfield is a masculine given name borne by:

Whitfield Connor (1916–1988), American actor, director and producer

Whitfield Cook (1909–2003), American writer of screenplays, stage plays, short stories and novels

Whitfield Crane (born 1968), American rock singer

Whitfield Daukes (1877–1954), Anglican bishop

Whitfield Diffie (born 1944), American cryptographer and mathematician

Whitfield Jack (1906–1989), US Army officer

Whitfield Lovell (born 1959), African-American artist

Whitfield Lovell
Whitfield Lovell (born October 2, 1959) is a contemporary African-American artist who is known primarily for his drawings of African-American individuals from the first half of the 20th century. Lovell creates these drawings in pencil, oil stick, or charcoal on paper, wood, or directly on walls. In his most recent work, these drawings are paired with found objects that Lovell collects at flea markets and antique shops.
Andi LeBeau
Andrea "Andi" LeBeau (née Clifford) is an American Democratic politician who served in the Wyoming House of Representatives representing District 33 from 2019 to 2023. Prior to her election, Clifford served as a Fremont County Commissioner.

Wyoming House of Representatives
The Wyoming House of Representatives is the lower house of the Wyoming State Legislature. There are 62 Representatives in the House, representing an equal number of single-member constituent districts across the state, each with a population of at least 9,000. The House convenes at the Wyoming State Capitol in Cheyenne.

Members of the House serve two year terms without term limits. Term limits were declared unconstitutional by the Wyoming Supreme Court in 2004, overturning a decade-old law that had restricted Representatives to six terms (twelve years).

The current Speaker of the House is Chip Neiman.
Olga Zimina
Olga Zimina (Russian: Ольга Анатольевна Зимина, born 14 May 1982 in Vladimir, Russia) is a Russian-born Italian chess player. She holds the titles of woman grandmaster, and international master. She won the Women's Russian Chess Championship in 2001, and qualified for the Women's World Chess Championship 2016 (knock-out) as the winner of a zonal.

Vladimir, Russia
Vladimir (Russian: Влади́мир, IPA: [vlɐ'dʲimʲɪr] ⓘ) is a city and the administrative center of Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located on the Klyazma River, 200 kilometers (120 mi) east of Moscow. It is served by a railway and the M7 highway. Its population is 349,951 (2021 census).
German submarine U-383
German submarine U-383 was a Type VIIC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II.

The submarine was laid down on 29 March 1941 at the Howaldtswerke yard at Kiel, launched on 22 April 1942, and commissioned on 6 June under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Horst Kremser.

Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft
Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft GmbH (often abbreviated HDW) was a German shipbuilding company, headquartered in Kiel. It is now part of TKMS (ThyssenKrupp Marine Systems). The Howaldtswerke shipyard was founded in Kiel in 1838 and merged with Hamburg-based Deutsche Werft to form Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft (HDW) in 1968. The company's shipyard was formerly used by Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft until the end of World War II.
John Thomas Sproule
John Thomas Sproule (5 December 1876 – 10 November 1940) was a Conservative member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Lambton County, Ontario and became a farmer, a livestock dealer, and a businessman in the oil and cement industry.

Sproule served on the Oil Springs municipal council for 25 years and was the village's reeve for 11 years. He became a director of the Ontario Good Roads Association in 1924. Sproule was an unsuccessful candidate in the 1926 Ontario election.

He was first elected to Parliament at the Lambton East riding in the 1930 general election. After serving one term in the House of Commons, riding boundaries were changed and Sproule was a candidate for the new Lambton—Kent riding where he was defeated by Hugh MacKenzie in the 1935 election.

1930 Canadian federal election
The 1930 Canadian federal election was held on July 28, 1930, to elect members  of the House of Commons of the 17th Parliament of Canada. Richard Bedford Bennett's Conservative Party won a majority government, defeating the Liberal Party led by Prime Minister William Lyon Mackenzie King. 3,922,481 votes were cast in this election.
Henry Hugh Clutton
Henry Hugh Clutton (12 July 1850 – 9 November 1909) was an English surgeon who described painless symmetrical hydrarthrosis (an accumulation of water in the cavity of a joint), especially of the knee joints: seen in congenital syphilis.  The ailment is called "Clutton's joints." He is commemorated by the Clutton Medal and Prize, awarded for excellence in Clinical Surgery at St Thomas's Hospital, King's College School of Medicine and Dentistry.

He was born in Saffron Walden, Essex, the son of Ralph Clutton, and educated at Marlborough College and Clare College, Cambridge.

He was elected the last President of the Clinical Society of London in 1905.

Clutton died at 2 Portland Place, London, and is buried there in Brompton Cemetery.

Portland Place
Portland Place is a street in the Marylebone district of central London. Named after the 3rd Duke of Portland, the unusually wide street is home to the BBC's headquarters Broadcasting House, the Chinese and Polish embassies, the Royal Institute of British Architects and numerous residential mansion blocks.
Ola (river)
The Ola (Russian: Ола) is a river in Magadan Oblast, Russian Far East. It is   166 kilometres (103 mi) long, with a drainage basin of 8,570 square kilometres (3,310 sq mi).

The R504 Kolyma Highway crosses the Ola about 40 km (25 mi) north of its mouth.

R504 Kolyma Highway
59°35′18″N 150°49′54″E﻿ / ﻿59.58829°N 150.8317°E﻿ / 59.58829; 150.8317

The R504 Kolyma Highway (Russian: Федеральная автомобильная дорога «Колыма», Federal'naya Avtomobil'naya Doroga «Kolyma», "Federal Automobile Highway 'Kolyma'"), part of the M56 route, is a road through the Russian Far East. It connects Magadan with the town of Nizhny Bestyakh, located on the eastern bank of the Lena River, opposite of Yakutsk. At Nizhny Bestyakh the Kolyma Highway connects to the Lena Highway.

The Kolyma Highway has been colloquially called the Road of Bones (Russian: Дорога Костей Doróga Kostéy). Locally, the road is known as the Kolyma Route (Russian: Колымская трасса Kolýmskaya trássa).
Great snub dodecicosidodecahedron
In geometry, the great snub dodecicosidodecahedron (or great snub dodekicosidodecahedron) is a nonconvex uniform polyhedron, indexed as U64. It has 104 faces (80 triangles and 24 pentagrams), 180 edges, and 60 vertices. It has Coxeter diagram . It has the unusual feature that its 24 pentagram faces occur in 12 coplanar pairs.

Coplanarity
In geometry, a set of points in space are coplanar if there exists a geometric plane that contains them all. For example, three points are always coplanar, and if the points are distinct and non-collinear, the plane they determine is unique. However, a set of four or more distinct points will, in general, not lie in a single plane.

Two lines in three-dimensional space are coplanar if there is a plane that includes them both. This occurs if the lines are parallel, or if they intersect each other. Two lines that are not coplanar are called skew lines.

Distance geometry provides a solution technique for the problem of determining whether a set of points is coplanar, knowing only the distances between them.
2011 World Pool Masters
The 2011 World Pool Masters, also known as World Pool Masters XIX, was a nine-ball pool tournament that took place in Quezon City, Philippines, between 3–5 September 2011. It was the 19th edition of the invitational tournament organised by Matchroom Sport.

Germany's Ralf Souquet won the event, defeating Dennis Orcollo in the final 8–5. In winning the event, Ralf Souquet won his sixth World Pool Masters title.

Ralf Souquet
Ralf Souquet (/suːˈkɛ/ soo-KEH; born 29 November 1968) is a German professional pool player. His nickname is "The Kaiser". Souquet is considered one of the greatest pool players of all time.

Since 1988, he has won over 100 professional tournaments, including 23 Euro Tour titles, 20 European Pool Championship and 12 German Pool Championship. Souquet is a two-time world champion, winning the 2008 WPA World Eight-ball Championship and 1996 WPA World Nine-ball Championship.
Geography of Ontario
Ontario is located in East/Central Canada. It is Canada's second largest province by land area. Its physical features vary greatly from the Mixedwood Plains in the southeast to the boreal forests and tundra in the north. Ontario borders Manitoba to the west, Hudson Bay and James Bay to the north, Quebec to the east, and the Great Lakes and the United States to the south. The province is named for Great Lake Ontario, an adaptation of the Iroquois word Onitariio, meaning "beautiful lake", or Kanadario, variously translated as "beautiful water". There are approximately 250,000 lakes and over 100,000 kilometres (62,000 mi) of rivers in the province.

Almost 94% of the population is concentrated within Southern Ontario, where the population was over 12,850,000 in the 2011 census. The Golden Horseshoe is the most populous part of Southern Ontario, with a population of 9,765,188 in the 2021 census.

Canadian Shield
The Canadian Shield (French: Bouclier canadien [buklje kanadjɛ̃]), also called the Laurentian Shield or the  Laurentian Plateau, is a geologic shield, a large area of exposed Precambrian igneous and high-grade metamorphic rocks. It forms the North American Craton (or Laurentia), the ancient geologic core of the North American continent. Glaciation has left the area with only a thin layer of soil, through which exposures of igneous bedrock resulting from its long volcanic history are frequently visible. As a deep, common, joined bedrock region in eastern and central Canada, the shield stretches north from the Great Lakes to the Arctic Ocean, covering over half of Canada and most of Greenland; it also extends south into the northern reaches of the continental United States.
Acadian theatre
Acadian theatre refers to theatrical productions that originate from or are perceived as originating from Acadia. The most prominent playwright is Antonine Maillet, whose play La Sagouine has been staged over two thousand times, with Viola Léger as the sole Actor.

Memramcook
Memramcook, sometimes also spelled Memramcouke or Memramkouke, is a village in Westmorland County, New Brunswick, Canada. Located in south-eastern New Brunswick, the community is predominantly people of Acadian descent who speak the Chiac derivative of the French language. An agricultural village, it has a strong local patrimony, key to the history of the region. It was home to the Mi'kmaq people for many years and was the arrival site of Acadians in 1700. A large part of these Acadians were deported in 1755, but the village itself survived.

The Collège Saint-Joseph was the first francophone university in the east of Canada, which opened its doors in 1864 and hosted/organized the first National Acadian Convention in 1881.
SS Jaguar 100
The SS Jaguar 100 is a British 2-seat sports car built between 1936 and 1939 by SS Cars Ltd of Coventry, England. The manufacturer's name 'SS Cars' used from 1934 maintained a link to the previous owner, Swallow Sidecar, founded in 1922 by Walmsley and Lyons to build motorcycle sidecars. In March 1945 the S. S. Cars shareholders agreed to change the name to Jaguar Cars Limited.

In common with many products of the thirties, the adoption of an animal name was deemed appropriate  and the model name "Jaguar" was given to a new SS saloon car in 1935, and then to all new SS models. The '100' was for the theoretical 100 mph maximum speed of the vehicle.

Miles per hour
Miles per hour (mph, m.p.h., MPH, or mi/h) is a British imperial and United States customary unit of speed expressing the number of miles travelled in one hour. It is used in the United Kingdom, the United States, and a number of smaller countries, most of which are UK or US territories, or have close historical ties with the UK or US.
Fourth Down and Love
Fourth Down and Love is an American romantic comedy sports TV film that premiered September 9, 2023, on the Hallmark Channel. Directed by Allan Harmon, the film stars Pascale Hutton and Ryan Paevey. The film was originally broadcast as part of the Hallmark Channel's "Fall Into Love" seasonal programming.

Sports film
A sports film is a film genre in which any particular sport plays a prominent role in the film's plot or acts as its central theme. It is a production in which a sport or a sports-related topic is prominently featured or is a focus of the plot. Despite this, sport is ultimately rarely the central concern of such films and sport performs primarily an allegorical role. Furthermore, sports fans are not necessarily the target demographic in such movies, but sports fans tend to maintain a high following and esteem for such movies.
Beatrice Cenci (1941 film)
Beatrice Cenci is a 1941 Italian historical drama film directed by Guido Brignone and starring Carola Höhn, Giulio Donadio and Tina Lattanzi. It is one of several films portraying the story of the sixteenth century Italian noblewoman Beatrice Cenci.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Guido Fiorini. The costume design was by Gino Sensani.

Guido Brignone
Guido Brignone (6 December 1886 – 6 March 1959) was an Italian film director and actor. He was the father of actress Lilla Brignone and younger brother of actress Mercedes Brignone.

Brignone was born in Milan, Italy. He was the first Italian Director to win the Venice Film Festival or Mostra Internazionale d'Arte Cinematografica, the oldest film festival in the world, with Best Italian Film, Teresa Confalonieri (1934).

He died in Rome in 1959.
Kumakhta
Kumakhta (Russian: Кумахта) is a rural locality (a selo) in Karymsky District, Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. Population: 95 (2021 census); 106 (2010 census); 116 (2002 census);  There is 1 street in this selo.

Karymsky District
Karymsky District  (Russian: Кары́мский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the thirty-one in Zabaykalsky Krai, Russia. It is located in the center of the krai and borders Tungokochensky District in the north, Shilkinsky District in the east, Aginsky District in the south, and Chitinsky District in the west. The area of the district is 7,800 square kilometers (3,000 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Karymskoye. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 37,161, with the population of Karymskoye accounting for 35.1% of that number.
Treebog
A treebog is a type of low-tech compost toilet. It consists of a raised platform above a compost pile surrounded by densely planted willow trees or other  nutrient-hungry vegetation.  It can be considered an example of permaculture design, as it functions as a system for converting urine and feces to biomass, without the need to handle excreta.

Defecating in nature is frowned upon in most countries, as it pollutes the environment and causes health problems. High levels of open defecation are linked to high child mortality, poor nutrition, poverty, and large disparities between the rich and the poor.: 11  Human faeces normally take about a year to biodegrade outdoors. In the UK, a system like this is potentially legal, so long as it not in a public place, i.e. on a large private estate.

Low technology
Low technology (low tech; adjective forms: low-technology, low-tech, lo-tech) is simple technology, as opposed to high technology.  In addition, low tech is related to the concept of mid-tech, that is a balance between low-tech and high-tech, which combines the efficiency and versatility of high tech with low tech's potential for autonomy and resilience.
Vitozza
42°40′40″N 11°45′25″E﻿ / ﻿42.67778°N 11.75694°E﻿ / 42.67778; 11.75694
Vitozza is a cave settlement located near the village of San Quirico in the municipality of Sorano, in the province of Grosseto, southern Tuscany (Italy), which was inhabited from Etruscan times until the end of the 18th century.

Province of Grosseto
The province of Grosseto (Italian: provincia di Grosseto) is a province in the Tuscany region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Grosseto. As of 2013 the province had a total population of 225,098 people.
Blommenholm
59°54′N 010°33′E﻿ / ﻿59.900°N 10.550°E﻿ / 59.900; 10.550

Blommenholm is a district in the municipality of Bærum, Norway. Its population (2007) is 2,936.

It is served by the train station Blommenholm on the Drammen Line. The station is located 12.23 kilometres (7.60 mi) from Oslo Central Station.

Bærum
Bærum (Norwegian: [ˈbæ̂ːrʉm] ⓘ) is a municipality in the Greater Oslo Region in Akershus County, Norway. It forms an affluent suburb of Oslo on the west coast of the city. Bærum is Norway's fifth largest municipality with a population of 128,760 (2021). The administrative centre of the municipality is the town of Sandvika. Bærum was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838.

Bærum has the highest income per capita in Norway and the highest proportion of university-educated individuals. Bærum, particularly its eastern neighbourhoods bordering West End Oslo, is one of Norway's priciest and most fashionable residential areas. The municipality has been voted the best Norwegian place to live in considering governance and public services to citizens.
National Spanish Examinations
The National Spanish Examinations are online, standardized assessment tools given voluntarily by over 3000 teachers throughout the United States to measure proficiency and achievement of students who are studying Spanish as a second language.

The National Spanish Examinations are the chief assessment tool of the American Association of Teachers of Spanish and Portuguese.

Second language
A second language (L2) is a language spoken in addition to one's first language (L1). A second language may be a neighbouring language, another language of the speaker's home country, or a foreign language.

A speaker's dominant language, which is the language a speaker uses most or is most comfortable with, is not necessarily the speaker's first language. For example, the Canadian census defines first language for its purposes as "What is the language that this person first learned at home in childhood and still understands?", recognizing that for some, the earliest language may be lost, a process known as language attrition. This can happen when young children start school or move to a new language environment.
Blackfin poacher
The blackfin poacher (Bathyagonus nigripinnis), also known as the blackfin starsnout poacher in the United States, is a fish in the family Agonidae. It was described by Charles Henry Gilbert in 1890. It is a marine, boreal water-dwelling fish which is known from the northern Pacific Ocean, including Komandorski Island and Avachin Bay in Russia, St. Mathew Island in the Bering Sea, and Eureka, California, USA. It dwells at a depth range of 18–1290 metres, most often at around 400–700 m, and inhabits soft bottoms. It is known to live for a maximum of 9 years. Males can reach a maximum total length of 24.2 centimetres, but more commonly reach a TL of 20 cm.

The blackfin poacher is preyed on by the sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) and the Aleutian skate (Bathyraja aleutica).

Sablefish
The sablefish (Anoplopoma fimbria) is one of two members of the fish family Anoplopomatidae and the only species in the genus Anoplopoma. In English, common names for it include sable (US), butterfish (US), black cod (US, UK, Canada), blue cod (UK), bluefish (UK), candlefish (UK), coal cod (UK), snowfish (ปลาหิมะ; Thailand), coalfish (Canada), beshow, and skil (Canada), although many of these names also refer to other, unrelated, species. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration accepts only "sablefish" as the acceptable market name in the United States; "black cod" is considered a vernacular (regional) name and should not be used as a statement of identity for this species. The sablefish is found in muddy sea beds in the North Pacific Ocean at depths of 300 to 2,700 m (980 to 8,860 ft) and is commercially important to Japan.
2017 Connecticut Open – Singles
Agnieszka Radwańska was the defending champion, but lost in the semifinals to Daria Gavrilova.

Gavrilova went on to win her first WTA Tour title, defeating Dominika Cibulková in the final, 4–6, 6–3, 6–4.

Daria Saville
Daria Saville (née Gavrilova; born 5 March 1994) is a Russian-born Australian professional tennis player. She competed under her maiden name until her marriage to Luke Saville in 2021. On 28 August 2017, she reached her best singles ranking of world No. 20. On 25 September 2017, she peaked at No. 45 in the doubles rankings.

Saville has won one singles title and three doubles titles on the WTA Tour, and has additionally won four singles and two doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.

Saville was an accomplished junior player, having won the 2010 Youth Olympic Games and 2010 US Open, also reaching a combined career-high junior ranking of world No. 1 in August 2010.

In her career, Saville has achieved victories against former Grand Slam champions Maria Sharapova, Ana Ivanovic, Angelique Kerber (her first victory over a reigning world No. 1), and Petra Kvitová (three times), with all of these players being ranked in the top 10 at the time.