hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Classical languages of India
The Indian classical languages, or the Sāmpradāya Bhāṣa (Telugu), or the Śrēṣṭhabhāṣā (Malayalam), or the Śāstrīya Bhāṣā (Hindi), or the Dhrupadī Bhāṣā (Assamese, Bengali), or the Abhijāta Bhāṣā (Marathi), or the Śhāstrīya Bhāṣā (Odia), or the Cemmoḻi (Tamil), are the languages of India perceived as having high antiquity, and valuable, original and distinct literary heritage. The Government of India declared in 2004 that languages that met certain strict criteria could be accorded the status of a classical language of India. It was instituted by the Ministry of Culture along with the Linguistic Experts' Committee. The committee was constituted by the Government of India to consider demands for the categorisation of languages as classical languages. In 2004, Tamil became the first language to be recognised as a classical language of India. As of 2024, 11 languages have been recognised as classical languages of India.

Ministry of Culture (India)
The Ministry of Culture is the Indian government ministry charged with preservation and promotion of art and culture of India.

Gajendra Singh Shekhawat is the current Minister of Culture. Recently the government has established the National Mission on Libraries India under this ministry.
8-pounder short gun
The 8-pounder short gun was a light calibre piece of artillery mounted on French warships of the Age of sail. They were used as main guns on light ships of the early 19th century, and on the quarterdeck and forecastle of ships of the line. They were similar in design to the Canon de 8 Gribeauval.

Quarterdeck
The quarterdeck is a raised deck behind the main mast of a sailing ship. Traditionally it was where the captain commanded his vessel and where the ship's colours were kept. This led to its use as the main ceremonial and reception area on board, and the word is still used to refer to such an area on a ship or even in naval establishments on land. Many such facilities have areas decorated like shipboard quarterdecks.

In the 20th century the word came to be applied to the area at the stern of the ship, often (on naval vessels) used for secondary weapons and (on battleships) seaplane catapults.
2014 Team Speedway Junior World Championship
The 2014 Team Speedway Junior World Championship was the tenth FIM Team Under-21 World Championship season. The final took place on 23 August 2014 in Slangerup, Denmark.

Poland won their seventh Team Under-21 World Championship.

Poland national speedway team
The Poland national speedway team is the national motorcycle speedway team of Poland and is controlled by the Polish Motor Union (PZM). They are one of the most successful speedway nations of all time.
Munno Para, South Australia
Munno Para is a northern suburb of Adelaide, South Australia. It is located in the City of Playford.

In the local Kaurna dialect, Munno Para means golden wattle creek. The name refers to either the Gawler River (which starts at the confluence of the South Para River and North Para River) or the Little Para River from which the much larger cadastral Hundred of Munno Para derives its name.

Little Para River
The Little Para River is a seasonal creek running across the Adelaide Plains in the Australian state of South Australia, whose catchment fills reservoirs that supply some of the water needs of Adelaide’s northern suburbs.
Chalfant Hall
Chalfant Hall of the Community College of Allegheny County (CCAC), located at 915 Ridge Avenue in the Allegheny West neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, was built circa 1900. It was the former house of Henry Chalfant (1867–1928), who graduated from Harvard in 1899 and succeeded his father in the firm of Spang, Chalfant & Co. The house was added to the List of Pittsburgh History and Landmarks Foundation Historic Landmarks in 1981. CCAC acquired the property the same year.

In 2019, CCAC announced that Chalfant Hall would be renovated to become the college's new Center for Teaching and Learning.

Community College of Allegheny County
Community College of Allegheny County (CCAC) is a public community college in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States. It has four campuses and four centers and offers associate degrees, certificates, and diplomas.
Tevie Miller
Tevie Harold Miller (January 1, 1928 – August 21, 1996) was a Canadian lawyer and judge. He served as Chancellor of the University of Alberta from 1986 to 1990.

Miller was born in Edmonton to Abe Miller, a lawyer, and Rebecca Griesdorf Miller. He attended the University of Alberta (BA 1949, LLB 1950) and was a lawyer. He appeared as a lawyer before the Supreme Court of Canada four times in his career. He unsuccessfully contested the 1968 Canadian federal election as a member of the Liberal Party in the electoral district of Edmonton West. He was appointed as a judge in 1974. From 1984 to 1993, he was Associate Chief Justice of the Court of Queen's Bench. He also served on the Supreme Court of the Northwest and Yukon Territories as a Deputy Judge. Miller was a member of the University of Alberta's Board of Governors and Senate, and elected to serve as Chancellor from 1986 to 1990. In 1996, he died of pancreatic cancer.

Edmonton West
Edmonton West (French: Edmonton-Ouest) is a federal electoral district in Alberta, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1917 to 1988, from 1997 to 2004 and again since 2015.
Tim Clawson
Tim Clawson (born 1960) is an American film and television producer, film studio executive, and screenwriter.

Clawson is best known as the screenwriter of the film They Call Me Bruce and the executive in charge of production on such films as Scream 4, Piranha 3-D, The Reader, and Inglourious Basterds, as well as television shows including Salute Your Shorts.

In August 2012, he was hired as vice-president of New Regency in charge of physical production. As of 2021, he was a production manager at Amazon Studios.

Salute Your Shorts
Salute Your Shorts is an American television sitcom created by Steve Slavkin and produced by Propaganda Films, which aired on Nickelodeon from July 4, 1991, to September 12, 1992.

Focused around the life of young campers at the fictional Camp Anawanna, the show was based on Slavkin's 1986 book Salute Your Shorts: Life at Summer Camp that he co-wrote with Thomas Hill.

Despite its short run and limited availability on home media, the show received positive reviews and was consistently one of the highest-rated cable programs.
Young Arrows F.C.
Young Arrows F.C. is football club from Zambia in Lusaka. They were members of the Zambia Super League and Zambian Division One, and played their home games at Nkoloma Stadium.

The club was promoted from Division Two in 2001, and further from Division One in 2003. After finishing ninth in the 2004 Zambia Super League, a relegation followed in 2005 after the 15th place. Young Arrows won straight re-promotion, and finished 5th, 7th and 16th in the 2007, 2008 and 2009 Zambia Super League respectively.

Notably, Young Arrows led the Super League for a prolonged time in 2008.

Zambian Division One
The Zambian Division One, commonly referred to as Division One, was formerly the second tier of the football league system under the Football Association of Zambia (FAZ). It consisted of sixty-four teams, geographically split into four regional zones as follows:

Zone One covering Lusaka and Eastern Provinces

Zone Two covering Copperbelt, North-Western and Luapula Provinces

Zone Three covering Muchinga, Central and Northern Provinces

Zone Four covering Southern and Western Provinces

Before the 2019–20 season, the national league system was restructured and the FAZ adopted the CAF season calendar, aligning the competition schedule with that used across African club competitions. Following this reform, Division One was replaced as the second tier by the newly created Zambia National League.
2022 United Arab Emirates Tri-Nation Series
The 2022 United Arab Emirates Tri-Nation Series can refer to:

2022 United Arab Emirates Tri-Nation Series (round 9), a cricket tri-series in March 2022 between Namibia, Oman and the UAE

2022 United Arab Emirates Tri-Nation Series (round 10), a cricket tri-series in March 2022 between Nepal, Papua New Guinea and the UAE

2022 United Arab Emirates Tri-Nation Series (round 9)
The 2022 United Arab Emirates Tri-Nation Series was the 9th round of the 2019–2023 ICC Cricket World Cup League 2 cricket tournament that took place in the United Arab Emirates in March 2022. Originally scheduled to take place in December 2021, it was moved to March 2022 due to fixtures impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic being rearranged.

The tri-nation series was contested by Namibia, Oman and the United Arab Emirates, with the matches played as One Day International (ODI) fixtures. The ICC Cricket World Cup League 2 formed part of the qualification pathway to the 2023 Cricket World Cup. The series also included an additional ODI match, between Namibia and Oman. The match was originally scheduled to be played in round four in January 2020, but was cancelled following the death of Qaboos bin Said, the sultan of Oman.
Sipaliwini Savanna (town)
Sipaliwini Savanna, also called Sipaliwini, is a Tiriyó village on the Sipaliwini River in the Sipaliwini District in the far south of Suriname. The village lies next to the Sipaliwini Airstrip. The nearest village in Suriname is Alalapadu which is located 60 kilometres north on a map, but due to the twists and turns of the river, the town of Kwamalasamutu which lies 83 kilometres west is easier to reach. The Brazilian village of Missão can be reached by an unpaved path.

The electricity facilities were destroyed during the Surinamese Interior War, and only a couple of private diesel generators remained operating. As of November 2019, the village has 24 hours of electricity using solar panels. There is a school, a clinic and a church. The economy depends on small scale agriculture.

Surinamese Civil War
The Surinamese Civil War, also known as Surinamese Interior War (Dutch: Binnenlandse Oorlog), was a civil war fought in eastern Suriname between 1986 and 1992. The conflict primarily involved the Jungle Commando, a rebel group composed largely of Saramaka (Maroon) fighters and led by former soldier Ronnie Brunswijk, and the Surinamese National Army, commanded by then-army chief and de facto head of state Dési Bouterse.
SC São João de Ver
SC São João de Ver  is a professional association football club based in the parish of São João de Ver, municipality of Santa Maria da Feira, District of Aveiro Portugal. The team competes in Liga 3, the third tier of the Portuguese football league system. The club was founded in on June 25, 1929.

The men's football team plays in the Liga 3.

Portuguese football league system
The Portuguese football league system consists of several leagues bound together hierarchically by promotion and relegation. Reserve teams are allowed to compete in the main league system, as is the case with most of Europe. However, they are not allowed to compete in the same tier as their senior team, thus no reserve team has ever competed in Portugal's top flight, the Primeira Liga.
Flavia Byekwaso
Brigadier Flavia Byekwaso, is a Ugandan military officer, who served as an elected member of parliament representing the Uganda People's Defence Forces (UPDF) in the 10th Parliament (2016–2021). On 1 August 2020, she was appointed Spokesperson of the UPDF, replacing Brigadier Richard Karemire, who was transferred to the East African Community headquarters as the Defence Liaison Officer. In January 2022 she was dropped as UPDF spokesperson and sent for further training at the Uganda National Defence College.

Effective May 2023 she was appointed Chief of Staff of the Uganda Rapid Deployment Capability Center (URDCC), based at Gaddafi Barracks, in Jinja, Uganda.

Uganda People's Defence Force
The Uganda People's Defence Force (UPDF), previously known as the National Resistance Army (NRA), is the armed forces of Uganda. From 2007 to 2011, the International Institute for Strategic Studies estimated the UPDF had a total strength of 40,000–45,000, consisting of land forces and an air wing. Recruitment to the forces is done annually.

After Uganda achieved independence in October 1962, British officers retained most high-level military commands. Ugandans in the rank and file claimed this policy blocked promotions and kept their salaries disproportionately low. These complaints eventually destabilized the armed forces, already weakened by ethnic divisions. Each post-independence regime expanded the size of the army, usually by recruiting from among people of one region or ethnic group, and each government employed military force to subdue political unrest.
20α,22R-Dihydroxycholesterol
20α,22R-Dihydroxycholesterol, or (3β)-cholest-5-ene-3,20,22-triol is an endogenous, metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of the steroid hormones from cholesterol. Cholesterol ((3β)-cholest-5-en-3-ol) is hydroxylated by cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) to form 22R-hydroxycholesterol, which is subsequently hydroxylated again by P450scc to form 20α,22R-dihydroxycholesterol, and finally the bond between carbons 20 and 22 is cleaved by P450scc to form pregnenolone ((3β)-3-hydroxypregn-5-en-20-one), the precursor to the steroid hormones.

Bond cleavage
In chemistry, bond cleavage, or bond fission, is the splitting of chemical bonds. This can be generally referred to as dissociation when a molecule is cleaved into two or more fragments.

In general, there are two classifications for bond cleavage: homolytic and heterolytic, depending on the nature of the process. The triplet and singlet excitation energies of a sigma bond can be used to determine if a bond will follow the homolytic or heterolytic pathway. A metal−metal sigma bond is an exception because the bond's excitation energy is extremely high, thus cannot be used for observation purpose.

In some cases, bond cleavage requires catalysts. Due to the high bond-dissociation energy of C−H bonds, around 100 kcal/mol (420 kJ/mol), a large amount of energy is required to cleave the hydrogen atom from the carbon and bond a different atom to the carbon.
Forth (1826 ship)
Forth was built in 1826 at Leith, Scotland. She made two voyages transporting convicts to New South Wales. After disembarking the convicts from her second voyage she sailed to Manila. She sailed from Manila in July 1835 and subsequently foundered without a trace.

Leith
Leith (/liːθ/; Scottish Gaelic: Lìte) is a suburb to the north of Edinburgh, Scotland, lying at the mouth of the Water of Leith. It is home to the Port of Leith.

The earliest surviving historical references are in the royal charter authorising the construction of Holyrood Abbey in 1128 in which it is termed Inverlet (Inverleith). After centuries of control by Edinburgh, Leith was made a separate burgh in 1833 only to be merged into Edinburgh in 1920.

Leith is located on the southern coast of the Firth of Forth and lies within the City of Edinburgh council area; since 2007 it has formed one of 17 multi-member wards of the city.
Benson Omala
Benson Omalla Ochieng is a Kenyan professional footballer who plays as a striker for Kenya national team.

Omalla, finished second-best scorer  in the 2022–23 Kenyan Premier League while turning out for Kenyan Premier League club Gor Mahia, and was the top scorer in the 2023–24 Kenyan Premier League with 19 goals.He has also featured for the Kenya U-20 and U-23 sides.

2022–23 Kenyan Premier League
The 2022–23 Kenyan Premier League was the 20th season of the Kenyan Premier League since it began in 2003, and the 60th season of top-division football in Kenya since 1963. The season was set to commence on 24 September, however, an ongoing technical dispute with FIFA pushed the start to 19 November 2022.
Outline of business management
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to business management:

Business management – management of a business – includes all aspects of overseeing and supervising business operations. Management is the act of allocating resources to accomplish desired goals and objectives efficiently and effectively; it comprises planning, organizing, staffing, leading or directing, and controlling an organization (a group of one or more people or entities) or effort for the purpose of accomplishing a goal.

For the general outline of management, see Outline of management.

Focused improvement
Focused improvement in the theory of constraints is an ensemble of activities aimed at elevating the performance of any system, especially a business system, with respect to its goal by eliminating its constraints one by one and by not working on non-constraints.

Focused improvement can also be defined in simpler terms as a process that identifies the systems problems and then modifies the whole system in order to find the most cost effective, time saving and least disruptive solutions in order to optimize the system.

"Focused Improvement is the process of applying systematic problem solving methods to manufacturing. The process relies on aligning the correct method to the correct scenario".
Chake Chake District
Chake Chake District (Swahili: Wilaya ya Chake Chake)  is one of two administrative districts of Pemba South Region in Tanzania. The district covers an area of 219 km2 (85 sq mi). The district is comparable in size to the land area of American Samoa. The district has a water border to the east and west by the Indian Ocean. The district is bordered to the south by Mkoani District and the north by Wete District of Pemba North Region. The district seat (capital) is the town of Chake-Chake. According to the 2022 census, the district has a total population of 136,298.

Pemba North Region
Pemba North Region or North Pemba Region (Swahili: Mkoa wa Pemba Kaskazini) is one of the 31 regions of Tanzania. The region covers an area of 574 km2 (222 sq mi). The administrative region is located entirely on the island of Pemba. Pemba North Region is bordered to the north by the Indian Ocean, south by the Pemba South Region and the west by the Pemba Channel. The regional capital is Wete. According to the 2012 census, the region has a total population of 211,732.
Brytiago
Bryan Cancel Santiago (born July 14, 1992), known professionally as Brytiago, is a Puerto Rican singer and songwriter. He was born in Carolina, Puerto Rico. He started his career in 2014, at age 21. In 2016, when he was 23 years old, he joined El Cartel Records, Daddy Yankee's record label. He has released several songs such as "Bebé", "Lonely", "Punto G", "High", "Abuso", which have all achieved moderate success in Latin America. In 2018, he released "Bipolar", along with Ozuna and Chris Jedi. The single was a success, and peaked at No. 17 on the Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart.

In 2018, Brytiago released "Asesina" with Darell.  Following the release of the remix featuring Daddy Yankee, Anuel AA, and Ozuna, it would become his first top ten on the Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart.

In February 2019, Brytiago collaborated with Anuel AA for the song "Controla."

Hot Latin Songs
The Billboard Hot Latin Songs (formerly Hot Latin Tracks and Hot Latin 50) is a record chart in the United States for Latin songs, published weekly by Billboard magazine. Since October 2012, chart rankings are based on digital sales, radio airplay, and online streaming, and only predominantly Spanish-language songs are allowed to rank. The chart was established by the magazine on September 6, 1986, and was originally based on airplay on Latin music radio stations. Although the chart predominantly allows Spanish-language songs, songs in English and Portuguese have charted.

The first number one song of the Hot Latin Songs chart was "La Guirnalda" by Rocío Dúrcal on September 6, 1986. As of the issue dated February 28, 2026, the chart has had 468 different number one hits, while 192 artists have reached number one (as a lead or a featured act). The current number-one song on the chart is "DTMF" by Bad Bunny.
HMS Mars (1759)
HMS Mars was a 74-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 15 March 1759 at Woolwich Dockyard.

Mars took part in the Battle of Quiberon Bay on 20 November 1759, flying the broad pennant of Commodore James Young.

From 1778, Mars was on harbour service, and was broken up in 1784.

Broad pennant
A broad pennant is a triangular swallow-tailed naval pennant flown from the masthead of a warship afloat or a naval headquarters ashore to indicate the presence of either:

(a) a Royal Navy officer in the rank of Commodore, or

(b) a U.S. Navy Captain serving in a designated Commodore command billet.

The flag is so called as a broad pennant because its dimensions are roughly 2:3.
Androcalva rossii
Androcalva rossii, commonly known as native hemp, is a species of flowering plant in the family Malvaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It is spindly shrub or small tree that forms suckers, its branchlets covered with star-shaped hairs, and has egg-shaped leaves with irregular teeth on the edges, and groups of 18 to 60 white or cream-coloured flowers.

Malvaceae
Malvaceae (/mælˈveɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include cacao, cola, cotton, okra, roselle and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as Alcea (hollyhock), Malva (mallow), and Tilia (lime or linden tree). The genera with the largest numbers of species include Hibiscus (434 species), Pavonia (291 species), Sida (275 species), Ayenia (216 species), Dombeya (197 species), and Sterculia (181 species).
NWU Astro
NWU Astro, known as the NWU-PUK Astro, is a field hockey stadium in North-West University, Potchefstroom, North West, South Africa.

In the past, the stadium has hosted the following major tournaments:

2022 Women's FIH Hockey Junior World Cup

Varsity Hockey in 2013, 2015, 2019

2021–22 Men's FIH Pro League

2022 Men's FIH Hockey Nations Cup

2019 Women's Varsity Hockey (South Africa)
The 2019 Women's Hockey Varsity Hockey will be the 9th edition of the Varsity Hockey, the annual tournament women's field hockey championship of South Africa.

In addition to the Power Play rule seen in previous seasons of Varsity Hockey, whereby each team can select to implement a two-minute period where goals count two and the opposition must bench two players, field goals will now count two.
Wayne Simonds
Wayne Simonds is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s and 1990s, he played in the New South Wales Rugby League premiership, Australian Rugby League and Super League competitions.

Super League (Australia)
Super League was an Australian rugby league football administrative body that conducted professional competition in Australia and New Zealand for one season in 1997. Along with Super League of Europe, it was created by News Corporation during the Super League war which arose following an unsuccessful attempt to purchase the pay television rights to rugby league in Australia. After two years of legal battles the competition was played for a single season in 1997 alongside the rival Australian Rugby League (ARL) competition before the two merged in 1998 to form the National Rugby League (NRL).
2025 Quito Open
The 2025 Copa Banco Guayaquil WTA 125 de Quito was the first edition of the Quito Open, a  professional WTA 125 tournament held on outdoor clay at the Quito Tennis and Golf Club, in Quito, Ecuador. It was part of the 2025 WTA 125 tournaments.

It took place between 1 and 7 December, 2025. This was the first time a WTA event took place in Ecuador.

2025 WTA 125 tournaments
The WTA 125 tournaments were the secondary professional tennis circuit tournaments organised by the Women's Tennis Association. The 2025 calendar consisted of fifty three tournaments announced or confirmed through various sources.