hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Borean languages
Borean (also Boreal or Boralean) is a hypothetical (i.e. proposed) linguistic macrofamily that encompasses almost all language families worldwide except those native to sub-Saharan Africa, Australia, New Guinea and the Andaman Islands. It is considered a fringe theory within mainstream linguistics, relying heavily on the discredited mass comparison method to derive genetic relationships. Borean proposes that the various languages spoken in Eurasia and adjacent regions have a genealogical relationship, and ultimately descend from languages spoken during the Upper Paleolithic in the millennia following the Last Glacial Maximum. The name Borean is based on the Greek βορέας, and means "northern". This reflects the fact that the group is held to include most language families that are native to the Northern Hemisphere. Two distinct models of Borean exist: that of Harold C. Fleming and that of Sergei Starostin.

Fringe theory
A fringe theory is an idea or a viewpoint that differs significantly from the accepted scholarship of the time within its field. Fringe theories include the models and proposals of fringe science, as well as similar ideas in other areas of scholarship, such as the humanities. In a narrower sense, the term fringe theory is commonly used as a pejorative, roughly synonymous with the terms pseudo-scholarship and conspiracy theory. Precise definitions distinguishing widely held viewpoints and unaccepted theories are difficult to construct. Issues of false balance or false equivalence can occur when fringe theories are presented as being equal to widely accepted theories.
Hysenbelliu
Hysenbelliu is an Albanian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Kasem Hysenbelliu (born 1961), Albanian businessman, philanthropist, intellectual

Fatmir Hysenbelliu (born 1992), Albanian footballer

Irfan Hysenbelliu (born 1959), Albanian businessman

Irfan Hysenbelliu
Irfan Hasan Hysenbelliu (born 1959) is an Albanian businessman and CEO of IHB Group, which owns Birra Korça, Erjoni LTD and Panorama Group. He is also a 50% shareholder in Luarasi University and Focus Group, which owns the News 24 television channel. He also has shares at 15 hospitals across Italy and one in Paris, France along with Italian company Villa Maria.
Aslan Tlebzu
Aslan Tlebzu (Adyghe: ЛIыбзэу Аслъан [ɬʼəbzaw aːsɬaːn], Russian: Аслан Нурдинович Тлебзу, born 24 February 1981, Dzhidzhikhabl, Teuchezhsk, Adygea, USSR) is an Adyghe folk musician from North Caucasia.

Tlebzu was born in a small Circassian village in Adygea in 1981. He attended the Art Institute of the Adyghe State University in Maykop and after graduation performed as an accordionist with the Adygean State Folk Song Ensemble – Islamey. Since then he has released several albums and singles, collaborated with numerous artists and groups, and performed concerts in many countries, including Russia, Turkey, Jordan, Israel, and the UAE.

Tlebzu is signed to the Russian record label Zvuk-M: the largest in Southern Russia, and is one of the best-known Circassian folk musicians. In his homeland, Tlebzu has been awarded the ranks of Honored Artist of the Republic of Adygea and Honored Artist of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic.

Southern Russia
Southern Russia or the South of Russia (Russian: Юг России, IPA: [juk rɐˈsʲiɪ]) is a colloquial term for the southernmost geographic portion of European Russia. The term is generally used to refer to the region of Russia's Southern Federal District and North Caucasian Federal District.

The term is informal and does not conform to any official areas of the Russian Federation as designated by the Russian Classification on Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO).
2020–21 LPGA of Japan Tour
The 2020–21 LPGA of Japan Tour was the 53rd season of the LPGA of Japan Tour, the professional golf tour for women operated by the Japan Ladies Professional Golfers′ Association. Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the 2020 season was combined with the 2021 season. Only 14 of the original 37 events were played in 2020.

Leading money winner was Mone Inami with ¥255,192,049. She also had the lowest scoring average and finished most often (25 times) inside the top ten. Ayaka Furue won the Mercedes Ranking.

Ayaka Furue
Ayaka Furue (古江 彩佳, Furue Ayaka) (born 27 May 2000) is a Japanese professional golfer. After playing on the LPGA of Japan Tour where she has eight wins, she currently plays on the LPGA Tour. She won her first LPGA Tour championship on 31 July 2022, at the Trust Golf Women's Scottish Open. She won her first major at the 2024 Evian Championship.
Devon Studio School
Devon Studio school was a Studio school and 6th form for boys and girls, located on Newton Road in Torquay, Devon, England in the grounds of Torbay Hospital. It was a small school with roughly 300 student places and was designed for students between the ages of 14 and 19, that were more practical rather than academic. It was health- and social- care based and offered A levels in psychology and some sciences.

The first Ofsted inspection of the school, which was carried out in June 2015 rated it as "requiring improvement". The school closed in August 2017.

Newton, Singapore
Newton is a town that is located within the Central Area of the Central Region of Singapore. The planning area is bounded by the following planning areas - Orchard and Museum to the south, Tanglin to the west, Novena to the north, Kallang to the northeast and Rochor to the east.

Occupying an area north of the renowned Orchard Road shopping belt, the territory of Newton Planning Area includes the grounds of The Istana, the official residence and office of the President of Singapore. It is split into six subzones; Cairnhill, Goodwood Park, Istana Negara, Monk's Hill, Newton Circus and Orange Grove. Newton's namesake, Newton Road, however, is located within Novena Planning Area, and starts at Newton Circus in the south and ends at the junction with Thomson Road in the north.
Cette vie nouvelle
Cette vie nouvelle is the name of the debut album of the French singer Priscilla Betti. Released in June 2002, it was preceded by the two singles "Quand je serai jeune" and  "Cette Vie nouvelle" (a cover version of the famous hit "What a Feeling", from the soundtrack of Flashdance), which were both top-ten hits in France. Another song from the album was released as a third single, "Bla bla bla".

The songs were composed by various artists, including Philippe Swan (he wrote "Votre Fille"), who charted in France in 1989 with his song "Dans ma rue" (#36). Philippe Osman and Bertrand Châtenet, who had wholly composed the following albums of Priscilla, also participated in this album: Osman composed six songs, made the arrangements and played the keyboards and the guitar, while Châtenet mixed them.

On the French Albums Chart, the album peaked at #18 in its fifth week on July 6, 2002, and remained on the chart for 18 weeks. It was certified Silver disc by the SNEP, the French certifier.

Philippe Swan
Philippe Swan (born Philippe Colpaert on 18 March 1961 in Elisabethville, Democratic Republic of the Congo) is a Belgian singer-songwriter. He had a hit in 1989 with "Dans ma rue".

He is now practising painting under the artist name Le Closier, in a style close to pop art and urban art. He lives and works in the United States.
Menlo Park (band)
Menlo Park was an alternative-rock band, founded in 1999, and recording between 2000 and 2003.

The band has been described by the London Evening Standard as "cajun folkists", by Time Out as "theatrical swamp", and by themselves as "hip-hop county" and "voodoo folk".

It featured Seb Rochford, who won the BBC Rising Star Jazz Award in 2004 and leads the Mercury Prize-nominated experimental-jazz group Polar Bear.

BBC Jazz Awards
The BBC Jazz Awards were set up in 2001 and had the status of one of the premier jazz awards in the United Kingdom (among those presenting the awards were Denis Lawson, Sue Mingus, Humphrey Lyttelton, Ian Carr, Clive James, Mike Gibbs, Julian Joseph, Moira Stuart, Annie Whitehead, Mark Knopfler, Dave Brubeck, and Kenneth Clarke). There were awards for Best Musician, Best Vocalist, Rising Star, Best Album, Jazz Innovation, Radio 2 Jazz Artist, Services to Jazz, Best of Jazz and others.

Programmes linked to the awards were broadcast on both Radio 2 and Radio 3. In March 2009, the BBC announced that the Jazz Awards were closed. It briefly returned in 2011 as The British Jazz Awards but has not been held since.
Op. 13
In music, Op. 13 stands for Opus number 13. Compositions that are assigned this number include:

Bartók – The Wooden Prince

Beethoven – Piano Sonata No. 8

Britten – Piano Concerto

Dvořák – Symphony No. 4

Enescu – Symphony No. 1

Fauré – Violin Sonata No. 1

Glazunov – Stenka Razin

Kodály – Psalmus Hungaricus

Mendelssohn – String Quartet No. 2

Nielsen – String Quartet No. 1

Rachmaninoff – Symphony No. 1

Schumann – Symphonic Studies

Sibelius – Seven Runeberg Songs, collection of art songs (1891–1892)

Strauss – Piano Quartet

Tchaikovsky – Symphony No. 1

The Wooden Prince
The Wooden Prince (Hungarian: A fából faragott királyfi), Op. 13, Sz. 60, is a one-act pantomime ballet composed by Béla Bartók in 1914–1916 (orchestrated 1916–1917) to a scenario by Béla Balázs. It was first performed at the Budapest Opera on 12 May 1917 under the conductor Egisto Tango.
2004 Westmeath County Council election
An election to Westmeath County Council took place on 11 June 2004 as part of that year's Irish local elections. 23 councillors were elected from five local electoral areas (LEAs) for a five-year term of office on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

Westmeath County Council
Westmeath County Council (Irish: Comhairle Chontae na hIarmhí) is the local authority of County Westmeath, Ireland. As a county council, it is governed by the Local Government Act 2001. The council is responsible for housing and community, roads and transportation, urban planning and development, amenity and culture, and environment. The council has 20 elected members. Elections are held every five years and are by single transferable vote. The head of the council has the title of Cathaoirleach (chairperson). The county administration is headed by a chief executive, Pat Gallagher. The county town is Mullingar.
KAJ (group)
KAJ (/ˈkaɪ/ KY, Finland Swedish: [kɑjː] ⓘ) is a Finnish Swedish-speaking music and comedy group from Vörå in Ostrobothnia, Finland. The group is part of the Finland-Swedish cultural sphere and primarily performs in Swedish with lyrics in the Vörå dialect. The group consists of Kevin Holmström, Axel Åhman, and Jakob Norrgård, whose first name initials form the band's name.

KAJ's music spans multiple genres, including pop (K/J-Pop, latin), rock, rap, opera, disco, and schlager, often incorporating humour and satire. The group also has a satirical rockabilly alter ego called Vörjeans, which parodies raggare subcultures. The group has published lyrics for over 100 songs.

They represented Sweden in the Eurovision Song Contest 2025 with the song "Bara bada bastu", finishing fourth with 321 points.

Swedish dialects in Ostrobothnia
Ostrobothnian Swedish (Swedish: österbottniska) is a variety of Finland-Swedish, spoken in Finland. Outside the autonomous island province of Åland, which is officially monolingually Swedish, Ostrobothnia is the only region of mainland Finland where Swedish-speakers are the majority (51%).
George Green (footballer, born 1996)
George William Athelston Green (born 2 January 1996) is an English footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder.

Green began his career as a youth player with Bradford City, before being signed by Everton in 2011. After a loan spell with Tranmere Rovers, Green was released, and after short stints with Oldham Athletic and Ossett Albion, he signed for Burnley. Loan spells at Kilmarnock and Salford City preceded his release from Burnley in 2017, before signing with Norwegian club, Viking. Following his return to England, he has played in the non-league for Nuneaton Town, Chester, Boston United, and Gainsborough Trinity, and Ossett United.

While at Everton, Green was selected to represent England U16s, U17s and U18s

England national under-17 football team
The England national under-17 football team, also known as England under-17s or England U17(s), represents England in football at an under-17 age level and is controlled by The Football Association, the governing body for football in England. They are currently coached by Liam Bramley.
Katharine Topkins
Katharine Topkins (born July 22, 1927) is an American novelist, short story writer, and recipient of the 1966 Grant for Creative Writing from the Rockefeller Foundation. She has published five novels and several short stories.

She graduated from Columbia University School of General Studies with a B.S. in 1949, and from Claremont Graduate University with an M.A. in 1951. She married Richard Topkins in 1954, with whom she had three children.

She currently lives in Marin, California.

Claremont Graduate University
The Claremont Graduate University (CGU) is a private postgraduate research university in Claremont, California, United States. Founded in 1925, CGU is a member of the Claremont Colleges consortium which includes five undergraduate and two graduate institutions of higher education.

The university is organized into seven separate units: the School of Arts & Humanities; School of Community & Global Health; Drucker School of Management; School of Educational Studies; the School of Social Science, Policy, & Evaluation; the Center for Information Systems & Technology; and the Institute of Mathematical Sciences. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity."
I Didn't Know About You
"I Didn't Know About You" is a song composed by Duke Ellington, with lyrics written by Bob Russell. Recorded in 1944 with vocal by Joya Sherrill, it was based on an instrumental first recorded by Ellington in 1942 under the title "Sentimental Lady", featuring featuring Johnny Hodges on alto saxophone.

The 1942 instrumental reached number one on the Harlem Hit Parade in 1943 and was the B-side to Duke Ellington's previous number one, "A Slip Of the Lip (Can Sink a Ship)", which had reached the top spot a week before.

The recording by Count Basie & His Orchestra (vocal by Thelma Carpenter) briefly reached the No. 21 position on the Billboard charts in 1945 and other recordings available that year were by Duke Ellington, Mildred Bailey, Jo Stafford and Lena Horne.

Johnny Hodges
John Cornelius Hodges (July 25, 1907 – May 11, 1970) was an American alto saxophonist, best known for solo work with Duke Ellington's big band. He played lead alto in the saxophone section for many years. Hodges was also featured on soprano saxophone, but refused to play soprano after 1940. Along with Benny Carter, Hodges is considered to be one of the definitive alto saxophone players of the big band era.

After beginning his career as a teenager in Boston, Hodges began to travel to New York and played with Lloyd Scott, Sidney Bechet, Luckey Roberts and Chick Webb. When Ellington wanted to expand his band in 1928, Ellington's clarinet player Barney Bigard recommended Hodges. His playing became one of the identifying voices of the Ellington orchestra. From 1951 to 1955, Hodges left the Duke to lead his own band, but returned shortly before Ellington's triumphant return to prominence – the orchestra's  performance at the 1956 Newport Jazz Festival.
Inès Cagnati
Inès Cagnati (21 February 1937 – 9 October 2007) was an Italian-French novelist living in rural France. Her novels treat of the experience of being an outsider, of growing up poor in rural France, and of the silence that accompanies the inability to communicate. She was also a French literature teacher at the Lycée Carnot in Paris.

New York Review Books
New York Review Books (NYRB) is the publishing division of The New York Review of Books. Its imprints are New York Review Books Classics, New York Review Books Collections, The New York Review Children's Collection, New York Review Comics, New York Review Books Poets, and NYRB Lit.
Grande Étude de perfectionnement
Étude de perfectionnement de la Méthode des méthodes are two pieces by the Hungarian composer Franz Liszt, composed in 1842 and 1852. The first piece is called Morceau de salon, S.142, followed by a revision, Ab Irato, S.143, both composed in E minor. They are regarded as eccentric pieces with beautiful interludes of arpeggiated figures, though both are rarely performed.

Humphrey Searle dates the original composition to 1840.
The work echoes and has similarity to Liszt's later composition Les Préludes.

The first edition was composed as a contribution for the book "Méthode des méthodes de piano" by Ignaz Moscheles and François-Joseph Fétis. Frédéric Chopin's Trois nouvelles études are also a part of the set.

Ignaz Moscheles
Isaac Ignaz Moscheles (German pronunciation: [ˈɪɡnaːts ˈmɔʃələs]; 23 May 1794 – 10 March 1870) was a Bohemian piano virtuoso and composer. He was based initially in London and later at Leipzig, where he joined his friend and sometime pupil Felix Mendelssohn as professor of piano in the Conservatory.
2025 Ghazi Amanullah Khan Regional One Day Tournament
The 2025 Ghazi Amanullah Khan Regional One Day Tournament, also known as X-Bull List A Tournament 2025 for sponsorship reasons, was the 8th edition of the Ghazi Amanullah Khan Regional One Day Tournament, a List A cricket competition in Afghanistan. The tournament began on 20 August 2025, and the final was held on 6 September 2025 at the Khost Cricket Stadium.

Hindukush Strikers were the defending champions. Mis Ainak Region won their 4th title of the Ghazi Amanullah Khan Regional One Day Tournament.

Khost Cricket Stadium
Khost International Cricket Stadium (Pashto: د خوست نړیوال کرکټ لوبغالی), also referred to as Khost Cricket Stadium (Pashto: د خوست کريکټ لوبغالی), is a cricket stadium in Khost, Afghanistan. It is owned and operated by the Afghanistan Cricket Board (ACB). Work on the cricket ground was completed on 30 December 2016, with more than 50,000 spectators present in the inaugural ceremony, a record crowd for any sport played in the country. The stadium was constructed with financial assistance from Germany.

Khost International Cricket Stadium is one of the largest cricket stadiums in Afghanistan, after Kandahar International Cricket Stadium, Ghazi Amanullah International Cricket Stadium in Ghazi Amanullah Town, and Kabul International Cricket Ground in Kabul.
Vitiating factors in the law of contract
In English law, a vitiating factor in the common law of contract is a factor that can affect the validity of a contract. The concept has been adopted in other common law jurisdictions, including the USA.

A vitiating factor is one which spoils the contract, rendering it imperfect. The standard remedy is rescission, but damages may also be available. (By contrast, the standard remedy for breach of contract is damages, with repudiation available for serious breach only).

English law
English law is the common law legal system of England and Wales, comprising mainly criminal law and civil law, each branch having its own courts and procedures. The judiciary is independent, and legal principles like fairness, equality before the law, and the right to a fair trial are foundational to the system.
Primitive Man (band)
Primitive Man is an American doom metal band from Denver, Colorado, composed of Ethan Lee McCarthy on vocals and guitar, Jonathan Campos on bass, and Joe Linden (who has replaced founding member Bennet Kennedy) on drums. They are known for an extremely harsh sound – combining funeral doom, noise music, and black metal elements – and blunt nihilistic outlook. Their third studio album Immersion was released through Relapse Records in 2020.

Funeral doom
Funeral doom is a subgenre of death-doom with heavy influence from funeral dirge music. Low-tuned guitars, death growls, instruments that emulate pipe organ sounds and ponderous pace are typical traits of this style.
2012 Fifth Third Bank Tennis Championships – Men's doubles
Jordan Kerr and David Martin were the defending champions but decided not to participate.
Austin Krajicek and John Peers won the title, defeating Tennys Sandgren and Rhyne Williams 6–1, 7–6(7–4) in the final.

Tennys Sandgren
Tennys Loren Sandgren II (/ˈtɛnɪs ˈsændɡrən/ TEN-iss SAND-grən; born July 22, 1991) is an American former professional tennis player. He has achieved a career-high ATP singles ranking of No. 41 on January 14, 2019. He played two years of college tennis at the University of Tennessee before launching his professional career.
St Boniface's Church, Papa Westray
St Boniface's Church, Papa Westray is a historic church and graveyard located on the island of Papa Westray in Orkney, Scotland. The site of the church dates back to the Iron Age and was possibly used later as a Christian monastery. The present church was built in the 12th century and was remodeled in 1710. A 12th-century Norse hogback gravestone lies to the east of the church. Two Pictish cross-slabs were uncovered in the graveyard in the 20th century, and were later moved to museums. Historic Environment Scotland established the site as a scheduled monument in 1959.

Hogback (sculpture)
Hogbacks are stone carved Anglo-Scandinavian style sculptures from 10th- to 12th-century northern England and south-west Scotland. Singular hogbacks were found in Ireland and Wales. Hogbacks fell out of fashion by the beginning of the 11th century. Their function is generally accepted as grave markers. Similar later grave markers have been found in Scandinavia. In Cornwall similar stones are known as coped stones.
Sparse
Sparse is a computer software tool designed to find possible coding faults in the Linux kernel. Unlike other such tools, this static analysis tool was initially designed to only flag constructs that were likely to be of interest to kernel developers, such as the mixing of pointers to user and kernel address spaces.

Sparse checks for known problems and allows the developer to include annotations in the code that convey information about data types, such as the address space that pointers point to and the locks that a function acquires or releases.

Linus Torvalds started writing Sparse in 2003. Josh Triplett was its maintainer from 2006, a role taken over by Christopher Li in 2009
and by Luc Van Oostenryck in November 2018.
Sparse is released under the MIT License.

Data type
In computer science and computer programming, a data type (or simply type) is a collection or grouping of data values, usually specified by a set of possible values, a set of allowed operations on these values, and/or a representation of these values as machine types. A data type specification in a program constrains the possible values that an expression, such as a variable or a function call, might take. On literal data, it tells the compiler or interpreter how the programmer intends to use the data. Most programming languages support basic data types of integer numbers (of varying sizes), floating-point numbers (which approximate real numbers), characters and Booleans.