hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Duchy of Białogarda
Duchy of Białogarda (Polish: Księstwo białogardzkie) was a duchy in the Pomerelia centred around its capital, Białogarda. It was formed in 1233 from the partition of the Duchy of Świecie and Lubiszewo, and existed until 1262 when it was incorporated into the State of the Teutonic Order. Its only ruler was duke Racibor of Białogarda of the Samboride dynasty.

Duchy
A duchy, also called a dukedom, is a country, territory, fief, or domain ruled by a duke or duchess. In Western European tradition, the title of duke ranked among the highest nobility, generally just below the monarch and above counts or earls.

Historically, there was a significant distinction between sovereign dukes, who ruled independent states, and dukes who were simply noblemen within larger kingdoms. Some duchies functioned as sovereign states in regions that only later became unified nation‑states, such as Germany (once the Holy Roman Empire, a federal empire) and Italy (later a unified kingdom). By contrast, other duchies were subordinate territories within kingdoms that had already consolidated, either partially or fully, during the medieval era: examples include France, Spain, Sicily, Naples, and the Papal States.
CEDEP
CEDEP, also known as The European Centre for Executive Development (in French, Le Centre Européen d'Education Permanente), is an international, not-for-profit organization co-located on the INSEAD campus in Fontainebleau, France, about 50 km from Paris.  Founded in 1972, it operates as an executive club and corporate university for a diverse set of 20 global companies including L’Oréal, Aviva, Renault, Bekaert, Valeo, AXA, GDF Suez, and TATA Steel. CEDEP offers two types of programs: Open Enrollment, available to managers from all member companies, and Company Specific programs. Most programs are delivered on CEDEP's  purpose-built, residential campus, but in recent years CEDEP has been delivering programs off-campus, notably in China, Brazil, and Canada.

Han van Dissel
Han Gert van Dissel (born 27 January 1956, Amsterdam) was the dean of the Faculty of Economics and Business at the University of Amsterdam from 2011 to 2022, where he is a professor of business administration. He was previously the Director-General of CEDEP (The European Center for Executive Development) and Dean of the Rotterdam School of Management. His research and teaching focuses on the study of organization and information processes.
Burial vault (tomb)
A burial vault is a structural stone or brick-lined underground tomb or 'burial chamber' for the interment of a single body or multiple bodies underground. The main difference between entombment in a subterranean vault and a traditional in-ground burial is that the coffin is not placed directly in the earth, but is placed in a burial chamber specially built for this purpose. A burial vault refers to an underground chamber, in contrast to an above-ground, freestanding mausoleum. These underground burial tombs were originally and are still often vaulted and usually have stone slab entrances. They are often privately owned and used for specific family or other groups, but usually stand beneath a public religious building, such as a church, or in a churchyard or cemetery. A crypt may be used as a burial vault and a freestanding mausoleum may contain a burial vault beneath the ground.

Vault (architecture)
In architecture, a vault (French voûte, from Italian volta) is a self-supporting arched form, usually of stone or brick, serving to cover a space with a ceiling or roof. As in building an arch, a temporary support is needed while rings of voussoirs are constructed and the rings placed in position. Until the topmost voussoir, the keystone, is positioned, the vault is not self-supporting. Where timber is easily obtained, this temporary support is provided by centering consisting of a framed truss with a semicircular or segmental head, which supports the voussoirs until the ring of the whole arch is completed.

The Mycenaeans (ca. 1800–1050 BC) were known for their tholos tombs, also called beehive tombs, which were underground structures with conical vaults. This type of vault is one of the earliest evidences of curved brick architecture without the use of stone arches, and its construction represented an innovative technique for covering circular spaces.
Bert Cameron
Bertland Cameron (born 16 November 1959) is a retired Jamaican sprinter who mainly competed over 400 metres. He represented Jamaica at three consecutive editions of the Summer Olympics. Cameron won the 400 m title at the first World Championships in Athletics. He was also the 1982 Commonwealth Games champion in the event, and won a number of gold medals at regional competitions. He helped the Jamaican runners to a silver medal in the 4 × 400 metres relay at the 1988 Seoul Olympics.

Cameron carried the Jamaican flag at the opening ceremony of the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California. He was chosen as the Jamaica Sportsperson of the year three times consecutively from 1981 to 1983. He is currently a coach in Jamaica.

1982 Commonwealth Games
The 1982 Commonwealth Games were held in Brisbane, Australia, from 30 September to 9 October 1982. The Opening Ceremony was held at the QEII Stadium (named after Elizabeth II), in the Brisbane suburb of Nathan. The QEII Stadium was also the athletics and archery events venue. Other events were held at the purpose-built Sleeman Sports Complex in Chandler.

The Chairman of the 1982 Commonwealth Games was Sir Edward Williams. The 1982 Commonwealth Games Logo was designed by Hugh Edwards. The symbol is derived from the form of a bounding kangaroo. The three bands, forming stylized A's (for Australia), and is in colours which are common to flags of many Commonwealth countries.

The mascot for the games was also designed by Hugh Edwards and is a caricature of a kangaroo was named Matilda. A 13-meter-high (43-foot) mechanical kangaroo travelled around the stadium and winked at the crowd.

The event was officially opened by The Duke of Edinburgh and closed by Elizabeth II.
St. Anthony of Padua Parish, Chicopee
St. Anthony of Padua Parish - designated for Polish immigrants in Chicopee, Massachusetts, United States.

Founded 1926. It is one of the Polish-American Roman Catholic parishes in New England in the Diocese of Springfield in Massachusetts.

On August 29, 2009, it was announced by His Excellency Bishop Timothy McDonnell that the church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary and St. Mary of the Assumption in the Willimansett section of Chicopee were to be merged with St. Anthony of Padua forming the new territorial parish for the Willimansett Section of Chicopee.

Diocese of Springfield in Massachusetts
The Diocese of Springfield in Massachusetts (Latin: Diœcesis Campifontis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory, or diocese, of the Catholic Church in Western Massachusetts in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese in the ecclesiastical province of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Boston.

The mother church of the diocese is St. Michael's Cathedral in Springfield. As of 2024, the bishop is William Draper Byrne.
Labour and Society International
Labour and Society International (LSI) was a non-governmental organization launched in the United Kingdom in the 1990s.  Its founders were Arthur Lipow and David Clement.  It ceased functioning in 2002–2003, and its last director was Stirling Smith.  LSI co-sponsored a book series with Pluto Press, held conferences and published papers, and did work on projects with global union federations in developing countries.  It also sponsored the LabourStart website for its first four years.

Global union federation
A global union federation (GUF) is an international federation of national trade unions organizing in specific industry sectors or occupational groups.  Historically, such federations in the social democratic tradition described as international trade secretariats (ITS), while those in the Christian democratic tradition described themselves as international trade federations.  Equivalent sectoral bodies linked to the World Federation of Trade Unions described themselves as trade union internationals.

Many unions are members of one or more global union federations, relevant to the sectors where they have their members. Individual unions may also be affiliated to a national trade union centre, which in turn can be affiliated to the International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) or the WFTU.
Jerzy Mikułowski Pomorski
Jerzy Mikułowski Pomorski (3 January 1937 – 12 December 2020) was a Polish sociologist, professor, doctor honoris causa of Grand Valley State University (1993) and Teesside University (1995). He was a rector of Cracow University of Economics in years 1990–1996.

He graduated from law (1958) and sociology (1963) from Jagiellonian University. He received his Ph.D. in 1969 and in years 1973–1974 was studying at London School of Economics and Political Sciences.

Teesside University
Teesside University is a public university with its main campus in Middlesbrough, North Yorkshire in North East England. It was officially opened as Constantine Technical College in 1930, before becoming a polytechnic in 1969, and finally granted university status in 1992 by the Privy Council.

The university has over 22,500 students studying in the UK, according to the 2021/22 HESA student record.
USS Arctic
USS Arctic is the name of several ships of the U.S. Navy:

USS Arctic (1855), a screw steamer built by the Philadelphia Navy Yard

Ice Boat No. 3, an 1873 municipal icebreaker briefly commissioned as the patrol vessel USS Arctic in the Spanish–American War

USS Arctic (SP-1158), a 1913 tugboat used as a convoy escort in World War I

USS Arctic (AF-7), an Arctic-class stores ship which saw service in World War II

USNS Arctic (T-AOE-8), a fast combat support ship, commissioned as USS Arctic from 1995 to 2002

USS Arctic (SP-1158)
USS Arctic (SP-1158) was a wooden-hulled steam tug acquired by the US Navy during World War I. Arctic was briefly employed as a convoy escort during the war and later used to tow targets and transport ammunition. She was returned to commercial service in 1919.
Smuggler's Cove (film)
Smuggler's Cove is a 1948 American comedy film directed by William Beaudine and starring The Bowery Boys. The film was released on October 10, 1948 by Monogram Pictures and is the eleventh film in the series.

The Bowery Boys
The Bowery Boys are fictional New York City characters portrayed by an ensemble of actors, who were the subject of 48 feature films released quarterly by Monogram Pictures and its successor Allied Artists Pictures Corporation from January 1946 through January 1958.

The Bowery Boys were successors of The East Side Kids, which had been a Monogram series since 1940. The group originated as The Dead End Kids, who originally appeared in the 1937 film Dead End.
Yassmin Abdel-Magied
Yassmin Abdel-Magied is a Sudanese–Australian media presenter and writer, who had an early career as a mechanical engineer. She was named Young Queenslander of the Year in 2010 and Queensland Australian of the Year in 2015 for her engagement in community work. Abdel-Magied has been based in the United Kingdom since 2017, after her comments about Sharia on TV and a social media post on Anzac Day led to her being widely attacked in Australian media, a petition calling for her sacking from ABC TV, and numerous death threats on social media.

Griffith Review
Griffith Review is a quarterly publication featuring essays, reportage, memoir, fiction, poetry and artwork from established and emerging writers and artists. The publication was founded in 2003 by Griffith University in Australia, and was initially published by ABC Books. In 2009, Text Publishing became the Review's publishing partner and distributor. Therefore, the magazine has bases in both Brisbane and Melbourne. Julianne Schultz was the founding editor and has been publisher since 2018, when Ashley Hay was appointed editor.
Sajad
Sajad (Arabic: سجد) was a Palestinian village in the Ramle Subdistrict. It was located 16 km (9.9 mi) south of Ramla. Sajad was established in the late 19th century near a local train station. It was depopulated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli war.

Dunam
A dunam (Ottoman Turkish, Arabic: دونم; Turkish: dönüm; Hebrew: דונם; Yiddish: דונאם), also known as a donum or dunum and as the old, Turkish, or Ottoman stremma, was the Ottoman unit of area analogous in role (but not equal) to the Greek stremma or English acre, representing the amount of land that could be ploughed by a team of oxen in a day. The legal definition was "forty standard paces in length and breadth", but its actual area varied considerably from place to place, from a little more than 900 square metres [9,690 sq ft] in Ottoman Palestine to around 2,500 square metres [26,910 square feet] in Iraq.

The unit is still in use in many areas previously ruled by the Ottomans, although the new or metric dunam has been redefined as exactly one decare (1,000 square metres [10,760 square feet]), which is 1/10 hectare (1/10 × 10,000 square metres [107,640 square feet]), like the modern Greek royal stremma.
Louis Vuitton Trophy Dubai
The Louis Vuitton Trophy Dubai was the fourth in a scheduled series of regattas that compete for the Louis Vuitton Trophy. The regatta occurred in Dubai between 14–27 November 2010.  The Louis Vuitton Trophy format uses existing International America's Cup Class yachts loaned to the regatta by various America's Cup racing syndicates, keeping costs relatively low for the competing teams.

The Louis Vuitton Trophy was organised after the success of the Louis Vuitton Pacific Series and the continued legal battle surrounding the America's Cup yachting competition at the time.  Because of the long delays from the legal action, and the fact that the 2010 America's Cup became a Deed of Gift match without a defender or challenger selection series, the Louis Vuitton Trophy series was established as a competition for other America's Cup racing syndicates.

The Dubai event was hosted by Dubai International Marine Club and sponsored by the airline Emirates.

Oracle Team USA
Oracle Team USA is an American yacht racing syndicate initially formed to compete for the 2003 America's Cup. They competed again in the 2007 event before winning the 33rd America's Cup regatta in 2010 – representing the Golden Gate Yacht Club. The team also won the 34th America's Cup in 2013.

The syndicate was initially named Oracle for the 2003 campaign and backed primarily by Larry Ellison, the co-founder and CEO of Oracle Corporation, but was renamed in August 2004 to Oracle BMW Racing to reflect the German company's role, and subsequently revised again to BMW Oracle Racing to reflect increased involvement from BMW. At the end of December 2010 it was announced that by mutual agreement of both partners, BMW was bringing to a close its longstanding partnership with Oracle Racing and thereby ending its involvement in the America's Cup. Subsequently, the syndicate was renamed to Oracle Team USA to compete for the 2013 34th America's Cup.
Denys baronets
The Denys, later Denys-Burton, later Denys Baronetcy, of Stratford Place in the County of Middlesex, was a title in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 23 November 1813 for George Denys, Member of Parliament for Kingston upon Hull. The second Baronet was a Deputy Lieutenant for the North Riding of Yorkshire. The third Baronet assumed the additional surname of Burton. The fourth Baronet used the surname Denys only. The title became extinct on his death in 1960.

Peter Denys (1760–1816), father of the first Baronet, was High Sheriff of Northamptonshire in 1812.

Kingston upon Hull (UK Parliament constituency)
Kingston upon Hull, often simply referred to as Hull, was a parliamentary constituency in Yorkshire, electing two members of parliament to the Parliaments of England, Great Britain and House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, from 1305 until 1885. Its MPs included the anti-slavery campaigner, William Wilberforce, and the poet Andrew Marvell.
2015 Leinster Senior Football Championship
The 2015 Leinster Senior Football Championship is the 2015 installment of the annual Leinster Senior Football Championship held under the auspices of Leinster GAA. The competition was scheduled to start on 16 May 2015 with Offaly drawn against Longford in the opening game. The final took place 12 July.
Dublin won their tenth Leinster title in 11 years after a 2-13 to 0-6 win against Westmeath.

Leinster GAA
The Leinster Council is  a provincial council of the Gaelic Athletic Association sports of hurling, Gaelic football, camogie, rounders and handball in the province of Leinster.

As of 2008, there were 834 clubs affiliated to the county boards of the Leinster Council.
Canton of Vincelles
The canton of Vincelles is an administrative division of the Yonne department, central France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Vincelles.

It consists of the following communes:

Yonne
Yonne (French: [jɔn], in Burgundian: Ghienne) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in France. It is named after the river Yonne, which flows through it, in the country's north-central part. One of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté's eight constituent departments, it is located in its northwestern part, bordering Île-de-France. It was created in 1790 during the French Revolution. Its prefecture is Auxerre, with subprefectures in Avallon and Sens. Its INSEE and postcode number is 89.

Yonne is Bourgogne-Franche-Comté's fourth-most populous department, with a population of 335,707 (2019). Its largest city is its prefecture Auxerre, with a population of about 35,000 within city limits and 68,000 in the urban area.
Gallinari
Gallinari is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Danilo Gallinari (born 1988), Italian basketball player

Pietro Gallinari (1600s–1640), Italian painter

Prospero Gallinari (1951–2013), Italian terrorist

Vittorio Gallinari (born 1958), Italian basketball player and sports agent, father of Danilo Gallinari

Vittorio Gallinari
Vittorio Gallinari (born 22 October 1958) is an Italian former basketball player and current sports agent. He is the father of Danilo Gallinari, who plays for the Washington Wizards in the NBA.

He was born in Sant'Angelo Lodigiano. During his playing career, Gallinari was known as a tough defensive player. He was also a teammate of former Houston Rockets coach Mike D'Antoni.
Kayuta Lake
Kayuta Lake is located northwest of Bardwell Mill, New York. Kayuta Lake Campground is located by the Black River inlet. Fish species present in the lake are smallmouth bass, pickerel, white sucker, rock bass, yellow perch, bluegill, and black bullhead. There is a carry down access on the north shore located on State Dam Road.

White sucker
The white sucker (Catostomus commersonii) is a species of freshwater cypriniform fish inhabiting the upper Midwest and Northeast in North America, but it is also found as far south as Georgia and as far west as New Mexico. The fish is commonly known as a "sucker" due to its fleshy, papillose lips that suck up organic matter and aufwuchs from the bottom of rivers and streams.

Other common names for the white sucker include bay fish, brook sucker, common sucker, and mullet. The white sucker is often confused with the longnose sucker (C. catostomus), because they look very similar.
Michigan Public
Michigan Public (known until 2024 as Michigan Radio) is a network of five FM public radio stations operated by the University of Michigan through its broadcasting arm, Michigan Public Media. The network is a founding member of National Public Radio and an affiliate of Public Radio International, American Public Media, and BBC World Service. Its main studio is located on West Williams Street in Ann Arbor, with satellite studios at the William S. White Building on the campus of the University of Michigan–Flint on Harrison Street in Flint and offices at the Meijer Public Broadcast Center in the Eberhard Center on on the Robert C. Pew campus of Grand Valley State University on Fulton Street West in Grand Rapids. It currently airs news and talk, which it has since July 1, 1996. The combined footprint of the five stations covers most of the southern Lower Peninsula of Michigan, from Muskegon to Detroit. All five stations broadcast in HD, albeit without any digital subchannels.

Grand Valley State University
Grand Valley State University (GVSU, GV, or Grand Valley) is a public university in Allendale, Michigan, United States. It was established in 1960 as Grand Valley State College. Its main campus is situated on 1,322 acres (5.35 km2) approximately 12 miles (19 km) west of Grand Rapids. The university also features campuses in Grand Rapids and Holland and regional centers in Battle Creek, Detroit, Muskegon, and Traverse City.

GVSU enrolled more than 22,000 students as of fall 2025 from 82 of 83 Michigan counties and dozens of other states and foreign countries. It employed nearly 4,000 people, with about 1,800 faculty and 2,000 staff. The university has alumni from 50 U.S. states, Canada, and 25 other countries.

GVSU's NCAA Division II sports teams are the Lakers and they compete in the Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (GLIAC) in all 20 intercollegiate varsity sports. They have won 31 NCAA Division II National Championships.
Jerzy Czerwiński
Jerzy Czerwiński (Polish pronunciation: [ˈjɛ.ʐɨ t͡ʂɛrˈvʲiɲ.skʲi]; 19 June 1960 – 12 August 2024) was a Polish politician. He was elected to the Senate of Poland (10th term) representing the constituency of Opole.

9th term Sejm and 10th term Senate of Poland
The 9th term Sejm and the 10th term Senate was the legislature of the Republic of Poland following the 2019 Polish parliamentary election held on 13 October 2019 which returned 460 deputies to the Sejm and 100 senators to the Senate.

The Parliament of Poland held its inaugural meeting on 12 November 2019. Its term ended on 12 November 2023.
Potaro River
The Potaro River is a river in Guyana that runs from Mount Ayanganna area of the Pakaraima Mountains for approximately 255 km (158 mi) before flowing into the Essequibo River, Guyana's largest river. The renowned Kaieteur Falls is on the Potaro.

Mount Ayanganna
Mount Ayanganna is a sandstone tepui in the Pakaraima Mountains of western Guyana, and located 85 kilometres (53 mi) east of Mount Roraima.

With a height of 2,041 metres (6,696 ft) it is the easternmost tepui taller than 2,000 metres (6,600 ft). It is part of the Guiana Shield and Guyana Highlands.
1803 Garhwal earthquake
The 1803 Garhwal earthquake occurred in the early morning of September 1 at 01:30 local time. The estimated 7.8-magnitude-earthquake had an epicenter in the Garhwal Himalaya near Uttarkashi, British India. Major damage occurred in the Himalaya and Indo-Gangetic Plain, with the loss of between 200 and 300 lives. It is among the largest Himalaya earthquakes of the 19th-century, caused by thrust faulting.

Badrinath
Badrinath is a town and nagar panchayat in Chamoli district in the state of Uttarakhand, India. It is a Hindu holy place, and is one of the four sites in India's Char Dham pilgrimage. It is also part of India's Chota Char Dham pilgrimage circuit and gets its name from the Badrinath Temple.