hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Delle navigationi et viaggi
Delle navigationi et viaggi (Navigations and Voyages) is a sixteenth-century historical and geographical compilation edited by the Venetian diplomat, geographer, and humanist Giovanni Battista Ramusio (1485–1557). The work was published in three volumes in Venice in 1550, 1556, and 1559 by the Giunti press.

Ramusio may have come into contact with the navigator Sebastian Cabot, son of John Cabot, when he was charged with negotiating Cabot's possible service to the Republic of Venice.

Giovanni Battista Ramusio
Giovanni Battista Ramusio (Italian pronunciation: [dʒoˈvanni batˈtista raˈmuːzjo]; July 20, 1485 – July 10, 1557) was an Italian geographer and travel writer.

Born in Treviso, Italy, at that time in the Republic of Venice, Ramusio was the son of Paolo Ramusio, a magistrate of the Venetian city-state.  In 1505 young Giovanni took a position as secretary to  Aloisio Mocenigo, of the patrician Mocenigo family, then serving as the Republic's ambassador to France. Ramusio would spend the rest of his career in Venetian service. He was keenly interested in geography, and his position ensured that he would receive news of all the latest discoveries from explorers around Europe as they were sent back to Venice.  A learned man, fluent in several languages, he began to compile these documents and translated them into Italian, then the most widely understood of the European languages. He died in Padua.
South East Lancashire
South East Lancashire was a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. It was represented by two Members of Parliament. The constituency was created by the Reform Act 1867 by the splitting of the South Lancashire constituency into South-West and South-East divisions.

The constituency was abolished by the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, being divided into eight single member divisions of Eccles, Radcliffe-cum-Farnworth, Gorton, Heywood, Middleton, Prestwich, Stretford and Westhoughton.

Stretford (UK Parliament constituency)
Stretford was a parliamentary constituency in North West England, which returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

The constituency was created for the 1885 general election, and abolished for the 1997 general election. The constituency was centred on the town of Stretford and originally included an area to the south west of the city of Manchester. The boundaries changed considerably over its existence, at times extending east to include parts of the city itself and at other times including the towns of Irlam and Urmston to the west.
Leaving Normal (film)
Leaving Normal is a 1992 American comedy-drama road film directed by Edward Zwick and starring Christine Lahti and Meg Tilly. Written by Ed Solomon, the film is about the cross country adventure of two women and the hardships and characters they encounter.

Ed Solomon
Edward James Solomon (born September 15, 1960) is an American filmmaker. He is best known for creating the Bill & Ted franchise alongside Chris Matheson; together wrote the screenplays to Bill & Ted's Excellent Adventure (1989), Bill & Ted's Bogus Journey (1991) and Bill & Ted Face the Music (2020). He also wrote the screenplay for Men in Black (1997), and Now You See Me (2013).
Santa Diabla
Santa Diabla (literally: Holy Devil,  English title: Broken Angel) is an American telenovela written by José Ignacio Valenzuela, and produced by United States–based television network Telemundo Studios, Miami. It stars Gaby Espino, Carlos Ponce, Aarón Díaz, Ximena Duque and Lincoln Palomeque.

Telemundo aired the serial as part of its 2013–2014 season. On August 6, 2013, the network began  broadcasting Santa Diabla weeknights at 10pm/9c, replacing El Señor de los Cielos. As with most of its other telenovelas, the network broadcast English subtitles as closed captions on CC3.

Telemundo Studios
Telemundo Studios (formerly known as Telemundo Television Studios and Telemundo Global Studios) is an American television production division of Hispanic entertainment production unit NBCUniversal Telemundo Enterprises, which is part of mass media and entertainment conglomerate NBCUniversal, that develops original in-house Spanish-language programming for NBCUniversal's television network Telemundo.
Malaysia Federal Route 3374
Jalan Tampoi, Federal Route 3374 (formerly Johor State Route J2), is a dual carriageway industrial federal roads in Johor Bahru, Johor, Malaysia. Before Pasir Gudang Highway was built, Jalan Tampoi became the main road to Pasir Gudang together with Jalan Masai Lama (Johor State Route J10).

Pasir Gudang
Pasir Gudang is a city located in eastern Johor Bahru District, Johor, which is the second largest district in Malaysia by population. The main industries are transportation and logistics, shipbuilding, petrochemicals and other heavy industries, and oil palm storage and distribution, which is located in Johor Port and Tanjung Langsat.
Sexton Wood
Sexton Wood is a 40-hectare (99-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north-west of Ditchingham in Norfolk, England. It is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade 2.

This ancient wood on boulder clay is mainly coppice with standards, but there are some areas of high forest. The ground flora is diverse, with dog's mercury dominant and other plants such as ramsons and early-purple orchid.

The wood is private property with no public access.

High forest
A high forest is a type of forest originated from seed or from planted seedlings.  In contrast to a low forest (also known as a coppice forest), a high forest usually consists of large, tall mature trees with a closed canopy. High forests can occur naturally or they can be created and maintained by human management.  Trees in a high forest can be of one, a few or many species.  A high forest can be even-aged or uneven-aged.   Even-aged forests contain trees of one, or two successional age classes (generations).  Uneven-aged forests have three or more age classes represented.

High forests have relatively high genetic diversity compared with coppice forests, which develop from vegetative reproduction. A high forest can have one or more canopy layers. The understory of a high forest can be open (parklike, easy to see and walk through), or it can be dense. A high forest's understory can have high or low vegetation species diversity.
Moreton's Harbour
Moreton's Harbour is a local service district and designated place in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador. It is on New World Island. The community is sometimes written as Morton's and occasionally as Moreton's. Clarence Wiseman, the tenth General of The Salvation Army from 1974 to 1977, was born at Moreton's Harbour.

Division No. 8, Newfoundland and Labrador
Division No. 8 is a census division on the north coast of the island of Newfoundland in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. It has a land area of 9,314.57 km² (3,596.4 sq mi) and had a population of 33,940 at the 2016 census. Its largest communities are the towns of Lewisporte, Springdale, and Twillingate.
Amrita Chaudhry
Amrita Chaudhry (26 June 1972 – 22 October 2012) was an Indian print media journalist working as Principal Correspondent with the newspaper The Indian Express. In her decade long career with the newspaper, Amrita earned wide recognition for her reporting on diverse issues in Punjab. Amrita died on 22 October 2012 after a road accident.

She was part of a documentary series on women made by documentary filmmaker Daljit Ami. Noted Punjabi poets Surjit Patar and Swarnjit Savi wrote poems on her. Renowned artist Sidharth drew a portrait of Amrita. After she died Kirtan Maryada exponent Bhai Baldeep SinghBhai Baldeep Singh paid tributes with a shabd recital. Sufi singer Madan Gopal Singh held a concert Sada Salamat in her remembrance. Well-known playwright Balram wrote a play based on emails exchanged between Amrita and her partner Jatinder Preet, also known as Jaypee.

Bhai Baldeep Singh
Bhai Baldeep Singh (born 1969) is a Ragi known for his Shabad Kirtan. He is a researcher and revivalist for conventional string instruments like Dhrupadi Rabab, Saranda, Tambura (Tanpura), Dilruba used for Sikh music since Guru's Times. He is an accomplished Pakhawaj Mridang Jori player. He is the founder and chairman of Anad Foundation organisation dedicated to Sikh music. He was an unsuccessful candidate of Aam Aadmi Party in 2014 general elections for Punjab state of India.
Prison Stories: Women on the Inside
Prison Stories: Women on the Inside is a 1991 American drama film directed by Donna Deitch, Joan Micklin Silver and Penelope Spheeris and written by Dick Beebe, Martin Jones, Marlane Meyer and Jule Selbo. The film stars Rae Dawn Chong, Lolita Davidovich, Annabella Sciorra, Talisa Soto and Rachel Ticotin. The film premiered on HBO on January 26, 1991.

Donna Deitch
Donna Deitch (born June 8, 1945, San Francisco, California) is an American film and television director, producer, screenwriter, and actor best known for her 1985 film Desert Hearts. The movie was  the first feature film to "de-sensationalize lesbianism" by presenting a lesbian romance story with positive and respectful themes.
SM Investments
SM Investments Corporation (SMIC), also known as SM Group, is a Filipino conglomerate with interests in various sectors, mostly in shopping mall development and management, retail, real estate development, banking, and tourism. Founded by Henry Sy, it has become one of the largest conglomerates in the Philippines, being the country's dominant player in retail with 208 stores nationwide. Of these, 47 are SM Department Stores; 38 are SM Supermarkets; 37 are SM Hypermarkets, and 86 are SaveMore branches.

It is the largest company in the Philippines in terms of market capitalization, and has repeatedly ranked as the top Philippine company in the Forbes Global 2000.

SMX Convention Center Manila
The SMX Convention Center Manila, also simply known as SMX Manila, is a convention center located in Pasay, Philippines. It is the largest private venue in the Philippines for trade events, industry conventions, corporate functions, and international exhibitions. The building is located beside the SM Mall of Asia, and is considered part of the Mall of Asia Complex. It is owned by the company of the same name. It can fit approximately 6,000 people.
2019–20 Spanish stage of the UEFA Regions' Cup
The 2019–20 Spanish stage of the UEFA Regions' Cup was the 13th staging of Spanish stage of the UEFA Regions' Cup. The winners will qualify for the 2021 UEFA Regions' Cup.

Despite initially having registered all the 19 teams for the first time since the 2007–08 edition, Murcia withdrew from the tournament before its start. La Rioja came back to the competition 12 years after their last participation.

Castile and León were the defending champions, but finally Galicia achieved their second tournament ever.

Galicia national football team
The Galicia national football team is the official football team of Galicia. It is organised by the Galician Football Federation. The team is not affiliated with FIFA or UEFA and is, therefore, only allowed to play friendly matches.
8th United States Congress
The 8th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C. from March 4, 1803, to March 4, 1805, during the last two years of Thomas Jefferson's first term in office. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1800 United States census. Both chambers had a Democratic-Republican majority.

United States Statutes at Large
The United States Statutes at Large, commonly referred to as the Statutes at Large and abbreviated Stat., are an official record of Acts of Congress and concurrent resolutions passed by the United States Congress.

Each act and resolution of Congress is originally published as a slip law, which is classified as either public law (abbreviated Pub.L.) or private law (Pvt.L.), and designated and numbered accordingly. At the end of a congressional session, the statutes enacted during that session are compiled into bound books, known as "session law" publications. The United States Statutes at Large is the name of the session law publication for U.S. Federal statutes. The public laws and private laws are numbered and organized in chronological order.

U.S. Federal statutes are published in a three-part process, consisting of slip laws, session laws (Statutes at Large), and codification (United States Code).
Grand Parade
Grand Parade can refer to:

Grand Parade (Brighton), England

Grand Parade (Cape Town), South Africa

Grand Parade, Cork, Ireland

Grand Parade (Gibraltar)

Grand Parade (Halifax), Nova Scotia

Grand Parade, a section of Green Lanes (London), Harringay

Grand Parade (horse), the winner of the 1919 Epsom Derby

Grand Parade, a 1997 album by the Frank and Walters

The Grand Parade, a 1930 American film

Green Lanes (London)
Green Lanes is a main road in North London which forms part of the A105 road. Covering a distance of 6.3 miles (10.1 km) between Newington Green and Winchmore Hill, it is one of the longest streets in the capital, passing through the N16, N4, N8, N13 and N21 postcode areas.
Luo Yulin
Luo Yulin (Chinese: 骆玉林; born August 1958) is a former Chinese politician who spent most of his career in northwestern China's Qinghai province. As of May 2023 he was under investigation by China's top anti-corruption agency. Previously he served as president of the Supervisory Board of Key Large State Owned Enterprises and before that, executive vice governor of Qinghai.

Luo was a delegate to the 11th National People's Congress.

Northwestern China
Northwestern China (Chinese: 中国西北地区) is a region in the People's Republic of China. It consists of five provincial administrative regions, namely Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, and Xinjiang.

The region is characterized by a (semi-)arid continental climate. It has a diverse population including significant ethnic minorities such as Hui, Uyghurs and Tibetans. Culturally, the region has historically been influenced by the Silk Road.
The Adventure of Mr. Philip Collins
The Adventure of Mr. Philip Collins (German: Herrn Filip Collins Abenteuer) is a 1925 German silent comedy film directed by Johannes Guter and starring Georg Alexander, Ossi Oswalda and Elisabeth Pinajeff. It was one of two comedy films with which Guter followed up his more melancholy The Tower of Silence. It was shot at UFA's Babelsberg Studios. The film's art direction was by Rudi Feld. It premiered at the Gloria-Palast in Berlin.

Johannes Guter
Johannes Guter (born Jānis Gūters; 25 April 1882 – 18 March 1962) was a Latvian-born German filmmaker, screenwriter, and occasional film producer. Although most of his work is now lost, he is considered a pioneer of German silent cinema and expressionism.
Mattel Inc. v. Walking Mountain Prods.
Mattel Inc. v. Walking Mountain Productions, 353 F.3d 792 (9th Cir. 2003), was a case between Mattel and Tom Forsythe in which Mattel sued Forsythe for the production and sale of photographs portraying "Barbie" dolls. Mattel alleged that Forsythe's use of Barbie's name and likeness in his "Food Chain Barbie" photo series infringed on their copyrights, trademarks, and trade dress. The court held that Mattel's trademark and trade dress claims were "groundless or unreasonable" and therefore ordered Mattel to pay 1.8 million dollars in legal fees to Forsythe under the Lanham Act.

Lanham Act
The Lanham (Trademark) Act (Pub. L. 79–489, 60 Stat. 427, enacted July 5, 1946, codified at 15 U.S.C. § 1051 et seq. (15 U.S.C. ch. 22) is the primary federal statute governing trademark law in the United States.

The Lanham Act establishes a national system of trademark registration and grants owners of federally registered trademarks the right to pursue civil remedies for trademark infringement, trademark dilution, cybersquatting, and false advertising.
Miss Universo Paraguay 2020
The Miss Universo Paraguay 2020 pageant was held at Veranda at Resort Yacht y Golf Club Paraguayo on December 3, 2020, to select the Paraguayan representative to Miss Universe. It was streamed live on the organizer's social media pages.
Ketlin Lottermann, Miss Universo Paraguay 2019, crowned Vanessa Castro as the new Miss Universo Paraguay 2020, givin her the right to compete at Miss Universe 2020.

Miss Universe
Miss Universe is an annual international major beauty pageant that is run by the Thailand and Mexican-based Miss Universe Organization. Along with Miss World, Miss International, and Miss Earth, it is one of the Big Four beauty pageants.

The Miss Universe Organization and its brand is owned by JKN Global Group and Legacy Holding Group USA Inc., an American division of Mexican company Legacy Holding through the joint venture company JKN Legacy Inc. Telemundo had the licensing rights to air the pageant through 2023. The pageant's advocacy is "humanitarian issues and is a voice to affect positive change in the world".

The reigning Miss Universe is Fátima Bosch from Mexico who was crowned on November 20, 2025, in Pak Kret, Thailand.
George W. Lucas (politician)
George Washington Lucas (9 December 1807 – 30 December 1881) was an American politician.

Lucas was born on 9 December 1807 in Scioto County, Ohio. He moved to Greene County, Illinois, where he met and married Jane Spalding on 19 December 1833. The couple had eight children, and later moved to Fremont County, Iowa. While living in Fremont County, Lucas was elected to the Iowa Senate between 1852 and 1856, as a Democratic legislator for District 11. At the time, the district included the counties of Fremont, Mills, Montgomery, Adams, Union, Ringgold, Taylor, and Page. Lucas was the state senator responsible for introducing the bill that moved Iowa's capital from Iowa City to Des Moines. Lucas died on 30 December 1881 in Holt County, Missouri.

Ringgold County, Iowa
Ringgold County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 4,663, and was estimated to be 4,608 in 2024, making it the second-least populous county in Iowa. The county seat and the largest city is Mount Ayr. The county is named after Maj. Samuel Ringgold, a hero of the Battle of Palo Alto fought in May 1846, during the Mexican–American War. It is one of the 26 Iowa counties with a name that is unique across the nation.
Glesca Marshall
Catherine Glesca Marshall (September 19, 1906 – August 21, 1987) was an American actress and theatrical benefactor who was known primarily as the most enduring lover of Alla Nazimova, silent screen actress and a legend of her time.  Glesca met Nazimova when both were cast in a production at the Civic Repertory Theater.

Glesca later lived with Nazimova at the Garden of Allah Hotel on Sunset Boulevard near the Sunset Strip in Hollywood. In the silent film era, the hotel had been an estate that was Nazimova's home. Glesca lived there in a villa on the grounds until Nazimova's death in 1945.

Glesca was also the longtime companion of Emily Woodruff, theatrical benefactor and main patron of the Springer Opera House in Columbus, Georgia. Emily was married to Hume Cronyn, though they never lived together and Emily insisted the marriage remain a secret. Marshall and Woodruff are buried together at Parkhill Cemetery, Columbus, Georgia.

Sunset Boulevard
Sunset Boulevard is a boulevard in the central and western part of Los Angeles, California, United States, that stretches from the Pacific Coast Highway in Pacific Palisades east to Figueroa Street in downtown Los Angeles. It is a major thoroughfare in the cities of Beverly Hills and West Hollywood (including a portion known as the Sunset Strip), as well as several districts in Los Angeles.
Basadingen
Basadingen is a village and former municipality in the canton of Thurgau, Switzerland.

In 1999, the municipality was merged with the neighboring municipality Schlattingen to form a new and larger municipality Basadingen-Schlattingen.

Thurgau
Thurgau (/ˈtʊərɡaʊ/ TOOR-gow, Swiss Standard German: [ˈtuːrɡaʊ] ⓘ; French: Thurgovie; Italian: Turgovia; Romansh: Turgovia), anglicized as Thurgovia, and formally as the Canton of Thurgau, is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. It is composed of five districts. Its capital is Frauenfeld.

Thurgau is part of Eastern Switzerland. It is named after the river Thur, and the name Thurgovia was historically used for a larger area, including part of this river's basin upstream of the modern canton. The area of what is now Thurgau was acquired as subject territories by the cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy from the mid 15th century. Thurgau was first declared a canton in its own right at the formation of the Helvetic Republic in 1798.

The population, as of December 2020, is 282,909. In 2007, there were a total of 47,390 resident foreigners, constituting 19.9% of the population.
Thomas Griffin (baseball)
Thomas William Griffin (January 1857 – April 17, 1933) was an American Major League Baseball player. He played eleven games for the Milwaukee Brewers of the Union Association in 1884. Prior to his stint in the UA, he played on Milwaukee's Northwestern League team.

Northwestern League
The Northwestern League was a sports league that operated in the Central United States during the early years of professional baseball for six seasons: 1879, 1883–1884, 1886–1887, and 1891. After the 1887 season, the league was replaced by the Western Association, although the Northwestern League returned for its final season in 1891 as an independent baseball league.

The Northwestern League of 1883–1884 is considered the first baseball "minor league", as it was party to the National Agreement of 1883, along with the National League and American Association, whereby the leagues agreed to honor each other's suspensions, expulsions, and player reserve clauses, and established territorial rights.

An unrelated Northwestern League, located in the Pacific Northwest, later formed in 1905.
Order statistic tree
In computer science, an order statistic tree is a variant of the binary search tree (or more generally, a B-tree) that supports two additional operations beyond insertion, lookup and deletion:

Select(i) – find the i-th smallest element stored in the tree

Rank(x) – find the rank of element x in the tree, i.e. its index in the sorted list of elements of the tree

Both operations can be performed in O(log n) worst case time when a self-balancing tree is used as the base data structure.

Self-balancing binary search tree
In computer science, a self-balancing binary search tree (BST) is any node-based binary search tree that automatically keeps its height (maximal number of levels below the root) small in the face of arbitrary item insertions and deletions.
These operations when designed for a self-balancing binary search tree, contain precautionary measures against boundlessly increasing tree height, so that these abstract data structures receive the attribute "self-balancing".

For height-balanced binary trees, the height is defined to be logarithmic  in the number  of items. This is the case for many binary search trees, such as AVL trees and red–black trees. Splay trees and treaps are self-balancing but not height-balanced, as their height is not guaranteed to be logarithmic in the number of items.

Self-balancing binary search trees provide efficient implementations for mutable ordered lists, and can be used for other abstract data structures such as associative arrays, priority queues and sets.