hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Buee
Buee (Geʽez: ቡኢ) is a town in East Gurage Zone, of Central Ethiopia Regional State, Ethiopia. The town is located in the highland areas and its elevation is 2,045 meters above the sea level. Buee serves as an administrative capital of Soddo district. The distance between Buee and Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia, is about 100 km. The town is the home of the Gurage people. Buee has infrastructures such as pure drinking water, health institutions and electric service. The town is one of the fast growing towns in Ethiopia.

Gurage people
Gurage (/ɡʊəˈrɑːɡeɪ/, Gurage: ጉራጌ) are a Semitic-speaking ethnic group inhabiting Ethiopia. They inhabit the Gurage Zone and East Gurage Zone, a fertile, semi-mountainous region in Central Ethiopia Regional State, about 125 kilometers southwest of Addis Ababa, bordering the Awash River in the north, the Gibe River, a tributary of the Omo River, to the southwest, and Hora-Dambal in the east.

According to the 2007 Ethiopian national census, the Gurage can also be found in substantial numbers in Addis Ababa, Oromia Region, Harari Region and Dire Dawa.

Historically, they trace their migration from ጉራዕ(Gura) and some oral traditions linking them to ancient Sheba and South Arabia.
Crimes of War
Crimes of War: What the Public Should Know is a 1999 reference book edited by Roy Gutman and David Rieff. The 352-page book contains more than 150 entries, and was published by W.W. Norton.

The book collects reporters' accounts of war crimes with essays by lawyers on international humanitarian law to examine war crimes and the laws of war. Contributors include Sydney Schanberg, William Shawcross, Christiane Amanpour, and Justice Richard Goldstone, the UN Tribunal's first prosecutor, who provides a foreword. Photographers featured include Gilles Peress and Annie Leibovitz.

The book is part of a comprehensive project started by Gutman, photojournalist Gilles Peress, and UN Messenger for Peace Anna Cataldi which includes educational initiatives and additional articles. It has been published in 11 languages, including Arabic, Spanish, Italian, Hungarian, Serbo-Croatian and Chinese. A revised edition (2.0) with updated articles was published in October 2007 by W.W. Norton.

Christiane Amanpour
Christiane Maria Heideh Amanpour CBE (/ˌkrɪstʃiˈɑːn ˌɑːmənˈpʊər/ ⓘ; Persian: کریستیان امان‌پور, romanized: Kristiane Amānpur; born 12 January 1958) is a British-Iranian journalist and television host. Amanpour is the Chief International Anchor for CNN and host of CNN International's nightly interview program Amanpour, CNN's The Amanpour Hour on Saturdays and Amanpour & Company on PBS. She also hosts Christiane Amanpour Presents The Ex-Files with her ex-husband James Rubin on Global.
Conway Residential Historic District
Conway Residential Historic District is a national historic district located at Conway in Horry County, South Carolina. It encompasses 125 contributing buildings and one contributing object.   It includes a variety of quality 19th and 20th-century residential buildings, until about 1955. The residential buildings reflect a variety of popular architectural styles including Greek Revival, Carpenter Gothic Revival, Queen Anne, Italianate, and Tudor and Colonial Revival. The District also contains four apartment buildings, one school, a church, and a Confederate monument.  Four properties in this historic district were previously listed: the Beaty-Little House, the Burroughs School, the J.W. Holliday Jr. House, and the W. H. Winborne House.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010.

Horry County, South Carolina
Horry County (/ˈɒriː/ OR-ree, silent "h" like its namesake Peter Horry) is the easternmost county in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 351,029. It is the fourth-most populous county in South Carolina. The county seat is Conway. Horry County is the central county in the Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is in the Pee Dee region of South Carolina, about 90 miles (140 km) north of Charleston, and about 130 miles (210 km) east of the state capital, Columbia.
Soma (community)
Soma is a farming community in Sawla-Tuna-Kalba District, Savannah Region of Ghana.

The chief priest holds the custom of the land. The people of Soma are known for their unity. The youth of the community have rejected Funlani cattle from their area. They have lived in peace with their neighbours, like Jang, Kong, and Tuna.

Soma has five sectional areas; these do not include the settlements around them. However, the settlers pay full homage to the chief priest and the Vagla Koori, who is the chief of the Vagla community.

Majority of the people speak Vagla language, even thought they are  different ethnic groups but the Vagla people are the majority.

They farm crops like cassava, yams, and Shea.

There is a CHPS compound which serves as their major care centre.

It also has basic and JHS School.

Sawla-Tuna-Kalba District
Sawla-Tuna-Kalba District is one of the seven districts in Savannah Region, Ghana. Originally it was formerly part of the then-larger Bole District in 1988, until the northern part of the district was split off by a decree of president John Agyekum Kufuor on 27 August 2004 to create Sawla-Tuna-Kalba District; thus the remaining part has been retained as Bole District. The district assembly is located in the western part of Savannah Region and has Sawla as its capital town.
Minister of Digital Government
The minister of Digital Government (French: ministre du Gouvernement numérique) was a minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet with responsibility for Shared Services Canada (SSC)—the federal department that manages and maintains information technology services throughout the Government of Canada, as well as the digital strategies and programs of the Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat. (The first two ministers of Digital Government were also concurrently the president of the Treasury Board.)

This position was introduced in the 29th Canadian Ministry under the premiership of Justin Trudeau. Prior to 2018, responsibility for oversight of SSC was in the portfolio of the minister of Public Services and Procurement. In 2021, the position was abolished and responsibility for SSC was returned to the Minister of Public Services and Procurement.

Cabinet of Canada
The Canadian Ministry (French: Conseil des ministres), colloquially referred to as the Cabinet of Canada (French: Cabinet du Canada), is a body of ministers of the Crown that, along with the Canadian monarch, and within the tenets of the Westminster system, forms the government of Canada. Chaired by the prime minister, the Cabinet is part of and acts on behalf of the King's Privy Council for Canada and the senior echelon of the Ministry, the membership of the Cabinet and Ministry often being co-terminal; as of March 2025 there were no members of the latter who were not also members of the former.

For practical reasons, the Cabinet is informally referred to either in relation to the prime minister in charge of it or the number of ministries since Confederation. The current Cabinet is the Cabinet of Mark Carney, which is part of the 30th Ministry. The interchangeable use of the terms cabinet and  ministry is a subtle inaccuracy that can cause confusion.
Sami Bridge
The Sami Bridge (Finnish: Saamen silta; Northern Sami: Sámi šaldi; Norwegian: Samelandsbrua) is a cable-stayed bridge that carries the European route E75 across the Tana River between Finnmark county in Norway and Utsjoki in Finland. The bridge is 316 metres (1,037 ft) long, divided into four spans and the main span is 155 m (509 ft).

The Sami Bridge was opened in 1993. Before this, there was a ferry during summer and ice road in winter.

Ice road
An ice road or ice bridge is a human-made structure that runs on a frozen water surface (a river, a lake or a sea water expanse). Ice roads are typically part of a winter road, but they can also be simple stand-alone structures, connecting two shorelines. Ice roads may be planned, built and maintained so as to remain safe and effective, and a number of guidelines have been published with information in these regards. An ice road may be constructed year after year, for instance to service community needs during the winter. It could also be for a single year or two, so as to supply particular operations, such as a hydroelectric project or offshore drill sites.
Rod Skoe
Rod Skoe (born August 9, 1954) is a Minnesota politician and former member of the Minnesota Senate. A member of the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL), he represented District 2, which included all or portions of Becker, Beltrami, Clearwater, Hubbard, Lake of the Woods, Mahnomen, Otter Tail and Wadena counties in the northwestern part of the state.

Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) is a political party in the U.S. state of Minnesota affiliated with the national Democratic Party. The party was formed by a merger between the Minnesota Democratic Party and the Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party in 1944. The DFL is one of two state Democratic Party affiliates with a different name from that of the national party, the other being the neighboring North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party.

The DFL controls four of Minnesota's eight United States House of Representatives seats, both of its United States Senate seats, the Minnesota Senate, and all other statewide offices, including the Governor of Minnesota, making it the dominant party in the state. In the Minnesota House of Representatives, it has a power-sharing agreement with its main political rival, the Republican Party of Minnesota, following a tie in the 2024 Minnesota House of Representatives election.
Oil battle
The oil battle (Spanish: La batalla del petróleo) was an economic battle announced by the government of Argentine president Arturo Frondizi on 24 July 1958. The aim of the "battle" was to achieve self-sufficiency in oil production. It is remembered for the ideological controversy caused by the apparent ideological about-face of the president, who had previously been critical of oil policy.

The objective was achieved within three years, but at a high political cost for the government, which lost significant support from several sectors that had backed Frondizi's candidacy, in addition to the resignation of Vice President Alejandro Gómez.

The chemist Arturo Sabato was one of the main figures in this "battle," with the exploration and exploitation areas expanded through contracts with private companies.

Self-sustainability
Self-sustainability and self-sufficiency are overlapping states of being in which a person, being, or system needs little or no help from, or interaction with others. Self-sufficiency entails the self being enough (to fulfill needs), and a self-sustaining entity can maintain self-sufficiency indefinitely. These states represent types of personal or collective autonomy. A self-sufficient economy is one that requires little or no trade with the outside world and is called an autarky.
Ameer Khan Khandara
Ameer Khan Beenkar (fl. 1872) was an illustrious veena player of the eighteenth century. He was also an outstanding dhrupad singer. He along with his uncle and father-in-law Bahadur Hussain Khan established the Rampur musical court during the period of Nawab Yusef Ali Khan and Nawab Kalbey Ali Khan. Ameer Khan went to Haj pilgrimage with Nawab Kalbey Ali Khan in the year 1872. Ameer Khan was also a capable portrait artist. His self-portrait was published in Musaddas Tahniyat-e-Jahsn-e-Benazeer written by Awadh poet and later Rampur courtier Meer Yar Ali Jaan Sahab. Musaddas is currently in Rampur Raza Library. Ameer Khan wrote Gulshan-e-Musarrat which is also preserved in Rampur Raza library.

Awadh
Awadh (Hindi: [əˈʋədʱ] ⓘ), known in British Raj historical texts as Avadh or Oudh, is a historical region in northern India, now constituting the central portion of Uttar Pradesh. It is roughly synonymous with the ancient Kosala region of Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain scriptures.

It was a province of all the major Islamic dynasties in India including the Mughal Empire. With the decline of late Mughal Delhi, Awadh became a major source of literary, artistic, religious, and architectural patronage in northern India under the rule of its eleven rulers, called Nawabs. From 1720 to 1856, the nawabs presided over Awadh, with Ayodhya and Faizabad serving as the region's initial capitals. Later, the capital was relocated to Lucknow, which is now the capital of Uttar Pradesh.

The British conquered Awadh in 1856, which infuriated Indians and was recognised as a factor causing the Indian Rebellion (1857-58), the biggest Indian uprising against British rule.
Say Left
Say Left (Dì Sinistra) was a democratic-socialist faction within the Democratic Party, a political party in Italy. Its leader was Vincenzo Vita.

It was founded in April 2007 by those Democrats of the Left who supported the motion of Fabio Mussi at the party last congress, but decided not to follow their leader in the Democratic Left and to participate to the foundation of the Democratic Party instead.

During the election for the Constituent Assembly of the Democratic Party on 14 October 2007, Say Left took part to the list named To the Left, along with Democrats, Laicists, Socialists and other groups. On 5 July 2005 it merged into the faction, which became a united social-democratic and democratic-socialist faction within the Democratic Party.

Democrats of the Left
The Democrats of the Left (Italian: Democratici di Sinistra, DS) was a social-democratic political party in Italy. Positioned on the centre-left, the DS, successor of the Democratic Party of the Left (PDS) and the Italian Communist Party, was formed in 1998 upon the merger of the PDS with several minor parties. A member of The Olive Tree coalition, the DS was successively led by Massimo D'Alema, Walter Veltroni, and Piero Fassino, and merged with Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy and a number of minor centre-left parties to form the Democratic Party in October 2007.
John of Avranches
John of Avranches was bishop of Avranches from 1060 to 1067, and archbishop of Rouen from 1067 to 1079. He was a Norman churchman, son of Rodulf of Ivry, and brother of Hugh of Bayeux. He appears in the Gesta Normannorum Ducum of William of Jumièges, and may have been one of the sources William used.

He became archbishop of Rouen when his friend Lanfranc declined the position. As archbishop he was a reformer, campaigning for clerical celibacy from 1074. This led to his being stoned at a provincial synod. In 1075 he with Roger de Beaumont was in effective charge of Normandy.

He is known for his liturgical work Tractatus de officiis ecclesiasticis; it was officially adopted in the diocese of Rouen. It was written at the request of Maurilius, his predecessor as archbishop; it had only a limited impact in promoting uniformity in Normandy.

Roger de Beaumont
Roger de Beaumont (c. 1015 – 29 November 1094), feudal lord (French: seigneur) of Beaumont-le-Roger and of Pont-Audemer in Normandy, was a powerful Norman nobleman and close advisor to William the Conqueror.
La naissance d'Osiris
La naissance d'Osiris, ou La fête Pamilie (The Birth of Osiris, or The Festival of Pamylia) is a one-act opera by Jean-Philippe Rameau, first performed on 12 October 1754 at Fontainebleau to celebrate the birth of the future King Louis XVI. The libretto is by Rameau's frequent collaborator Louis de Cahusac. Cahusac styled the work a ballet allégorique ("allegorical ballet"), but it is usually categorised as an acte de ballet. Its slender plot tells of Jupiter's announcement to a group of Egyptian shepherds of the birth of the god Osiris, who symbolises the baby prince. The piece may have started life as part of a larger work, Les beaux jours de l'Amour, an opéra-ballet Rameau and Cahusac planned but never completed for reasons which are still uncertain.

Palace of Fontainebleau
Palace of Fontainebleau (/ˈfɒntɪnbloʊ/ FON-tin-bloh, US also /-bluː/ -⁠bloo; French: Château de Fontainebleau [ʃɑto d(ə) fɔ̃tɛnblo]), located 55 kilometers (34 miles) southeast of the center of Paris, in the commune of Fontainebleau, is one of the largest French royal châteaux. It served as a hunting lodge and autumn residence for many of the French monarchs, including Louis VII, Francis I, Henry II, Louis-Philippe, Napoleon I, and Napoleon III.  Though the monarchs only resided there for a few months of the year, they gradually transformed it into a genuine palace, filled with art and decoration. It became a national museum in 1927 and was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1981 for its unique architecture and historical importance.
Czerwonak
Czerwonak [t͡ʂɛrˈvɔnak] is a village in Poznań County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Czerwonak. It is located on the Warta River, within the Poznań metropolitan area.

In 2006 Czerwonak had a population of 5,432. The village of Koziegłowy, which borders Czerwonak to the south, has an even larger population.

Czerwonak adjoins the protected forest area known as Puszcza Zielonka Landscape Park. About 2 kilometres (1 mi) north-east of the village is the hill and observation tower of Dziewicza Góra, which is the Park's highest point.

Poznań County
Poznań County (Polish: powiat poznański) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Greater Poland Voivodeship, west-central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Poznań, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county's administrative offices (starostwo powiatowe) are in the Jeżyce neighbourhood of Poznań.
Lal Draman
Lal Draman (translation; Red Meadows) is a hill station in Indian union territory of Jammu and Kashmir. It is located at a distance of 25 kilometres (16 mi) north from Doda town near Sazan village, covered with lofty deodar and fir trees. A Grameen-cum-Tourism Mela is organised every year in Lal Draman, depicting the cultural programs of Doda district. Thousand of tourists visits there to enjoy this mela. In 2013, construction of roads started in rural areas including Lal Draman. As of 2020, there is only one 23 kilometres (14 mi) road northwest from Doda town towards Bijarni village and a 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) north by foot from Bijarni to reach the Lal Draman.

Kashmiri language
Kashmiri (English: /kæʃˈmɪəri/ kash-MEER-ee), also known by its endonym Koshur (Kashmiri: کٲشُر (Perso-Arabic, Official Script), pronounced [kəːʃur]), is an Indo-Aryan language of the Dardic branch spoken by around 7 million Kashmiris of the Kashmir region, primarily in the Kashmir Valley and surrounding hills of the Indian-administrated union territory of Jammu and Kashmir, over half the population of that territory. Kashmiri has split ergativity and the unusual verb-second word order.

Since 2020, it has been made an official language of Jammu and Kashmir along with Dogri, Hindi, Urdu and English. Kashmiri is also among the 22 scheduled languages of India.

Kashmiri is spoken by roughly five percent of Pakistani-administrated Azad Kashmir's population.
Arthur Bourinot
Arthur Stanley Bourinot, SM (November 3, 1893 – January 17, 1969) was a Canadian lawyer, scholar, and poet. "His carefully researched historical and biographical books and articles on Canadian poets, such as Duncan Campbell Scott, Archibald Lampman, George Frederick Cameron, William E. Marshall and Charles Sangster, have made a valuable contribution to the field of literary criticism in Canada."

Scholarly method
The scholarly method or scholarship is the body of principles and practices used by scholars and academics to make their claims about their subjects of expertise. These principles and practices aim to ensure the validity and trustworthiness of the claims, and to disseminate them to the scholarly community. It comprises the methods that systemically advance the teaching, research, and practice of a scholarly or academic field of study through rigorous inquiry. Scholarship is creative, can be documented, can be replicated, or elaborated, and that can be and is peer reviewed through various methods. The scholarly method includes the subcategories of the scientific method, with which scientists use to bolster their claims, and the historical method, with which historians use to verify their claims.
Water for Canitoga
Water for Canitoga (German: Wasser für Canitoga) is a 1939 German western film directed by Herbert Selpin and starring Hans Albers, Charlotte Susa and Josef Sieber. The film is a "Northern", set in Canada in 1905 where an engineer is working to construct a new water supply system despite repeated attempts at sabotage. It is based on a play by Hans Rehfisch, Otto Eis and Egon Eis.

It was made at the Bavaria Studios in Munich. The film's sets were designed by the art directors Wilhelm Depenau, Ludwig Reiber and Arthur Schwarz.

Herbert Selpin
Herbert Selpin (29 May 1904 – 1 August 1942) was a German film director, film editor, and screenwriter of light entertainment during the 1930s and 1940s.

He is known for his final film, the partly suppressed 1943 propaganda film Titanic, during the production of which he was arrested by Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels. He was later found dead in his prison cell.
Carl L. Lyse
Carl L. Lyse (November 8, 1899 – November 22, 1986) was an American businessman and politician.

Lyse was born in Elk Mound, Dunn County, Wisconsin and went to the public schools and to business school. Lyse lived in Minneapolis, Minnesota with his wife and family and worked for the insurance and real estate businesses. Lyse served in the Minnesota House of Representatives from 1943 to 1948.

Elk Mound, Wisconsin
Elk Mound is a village in Dunn County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 985 at the 2020 census. The village is located in the Eau Claire metropolitan area and is surrounded by the Town of Elk Mound.
Kodak House
The Kodak Building is an Art Deco building in the inner suburb of Rathmines in Dublin, Ireland. It was designed by architects Donnelly, Moore and Keatinge in 1930 and was built in 1932. It was originally the warehouse for Kodak Ireland and now houses an advertising agency and other businesses.

Rathmines
Rathmines (/ˈræθˌmaɪnz/; Irish: Ráth Maonais, meaning 'ringfort of Maonas') is an inner suburb on the Southside of Dublin in Ireland. It begins at the southern side of the Grand Canal and stretches along the Rathmines Road as far as Rathgar to the south, Ranelagh to the east, and Harold's Cross to the west. It is situated in the city's D06 postal district.

Rathmines is a commercial and social hub and was well known across Ireland as "Flatland"—an area where subdivided large Georgian and Victorian houses provided rented accommodation to newly arrived junior civil servants and third-level students from outside the city from the 1930s. However, in more recent times, Rathmines has diversified its housing stock and many historic houses formerly divided into often tiny flats and bedsits have in a process of gentrifying been re-amalgamated into single-family homes. Rathmines gained a reputation as a "Dublin Belgravia" in the 19th century.