hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aus den Bergen
Aus den Bergen (From the Mountains), opus 292, is the name of a waltz composed by Johann Strauss II. The work was first performed in Pavlovsk on October 2, 1864, under the title In den Bergen. The composition was dedicated to the music critic Eduard Hanslick. Critics commented on Strauss' waltz that "after a long time a new waltz from Johann Strauss has appeared, which is distinguished by noble and graceful character, and further distinguished by extraordinarily masterful instrumentation." The first Viennese performance of the waltz was in the Volksgarten as part of a benefit concert commemorating Strauss' twentieth anniversary of his debut as a composer.

Waltz
The waltz (from German  Walzer [ˈvaltsɐ] ⓘ, meaning "to roll or revolve") is a ballroom and folk dance, in triple ( 34 ) time, performed primarily in closed position. Along with the ländler and allemande, the waltz was sometimes referred to by the generic term German Dance in publications during the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
Indian Creek (Youghiogheny River tributary)
Indian Creek is a 31.0-mile-long (49.9 km) tributary of the Youghiogheny River in Fayette County, Pennsylvania in the United States.

Indian Creek drains the west slope of Laurel Hill in the Laurel Highlands and cuts a steep side canyon into the Youghiogheny Gorge to join the Youghiogheny River between Ohiopyle and Connellsville.

Connellsville, Pennsylvania
Connellsville is a city in Fayette County, Pennsylvania, United States, 36 miles (58 km) southeast of Pittsburgh and 50 miles (80 km) away via the Youghiogheny River, a tributary of the Monongahela River. It is part of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area. The population was 7,031 at the 2020 census.
The Knife of Never Letting Go
The Knife of Never Letting Go is a young adult science fiction novel written by British American author Patrick Ness. It was published by Walker Books on 5 May 2008. It is the first book in the Chaos Walking series, followed by The Ask and the Answer and Monsters of Men. The story follows Todd Hewitt, a 12-year-old boy who runs away from Prentisstown, a town where everyone can hear everyone else's thoughts.

The novel was celebrated by critics and won annual awards including the Booktrust Teenage Prize, the Guardian Award, and the James Tiptree, Jr. Award. The Knife was Ness's first work for teens and young adults. According to The Guardian coverage of its award, Ness "turned to children's fiction after he had the idea for a world where it is impossible to escape information overload, and knew it was right for teenagers."

A film adaptation of the novel, titled Chaos Walking, was released on 5 March 2021.

Doug Liman
Douglas Eric Liman (/ˈlaɪmən/; born July 24, 1965) is an American film director and producer. He is known for directing the films Swingers (1996), Go (1999), The Bourne Identity (2002), Mr. & Mrs. Smith (2005), Jumper (2008), Edge of Tomorrow (2014), American Made (2017), and Road House (2024).

Most of his career has been associated with the production company Hypnotic. He is co-owner with Dave Bartis, whom he met as an undergraduate at Brown University where they co-founded Brown Television (BTV) and the National Association of College Broadcasters (NACB).

Liman is on the advisory board of the Legal Action Center and the Arthur Liman Public Interest Program at Yale Law School.
Kanunname of 1889
The Kanunname of 1889 was a kanunname (Code of law) issued by Sultan Abdul Hamid II on 30 December 1889. It prohibited the importation and sale of African slaves from foreign lands to the Ottoman Empire. It was introduced due to British diplomatic pressure in anticipation of the Brussels Anti-Slavery Conference 1889–90 and enforced in 1892. The law included the previous anti-slavery decrees in to one code of law. It was the first anti-slavery law that was actually enforced in the Ottoman Empire, and resulted in a reduction of the slave trade.

Law of the Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire was governed by different sets of laws during its existence. The Qanun or Kanun, sultanic law, co-existed with religious law (mainly the Hanafi school of Islamic jurisprudence). Legal administration in the Ottoman Empire was part of a larger scheme of balancing central and local authority (see Legal pluralism). Ottoman power revolved crucially around the administration of the rights to land, which gave a space for the local authority develop the needs of the local millet. The jurisdictional complexity of the Ottoman Empire was aimed to permit the integration of culturally and religiously different groups.
John de Southeray
John de Southeray (1364–1383) was an illegitimate son of King Edward III of England by his mistress Alice Perrers. He was the oldest of Perrers' three acknowledged illegitimate children by her royal lover. He was knighted in April 1377, alongside the future King Richard II. That same year, he was married to Maud Percy, a daughter of Henry de Percy, 3rd Baron Percy; she divorced him in 1380, claiming she had not consented to the marriage.

During the abortive Castilian campaign led by his half-brother the Earl of Cambridge in 1381, John led a contingent of English soldiers. After his troops went unpaid, John led them in a mutiny; he may have been only a figurehead for the mutineers, though, as he (unlike the other conspirators) went unpunished afterwards.

Henry Percy, 3rd Baron Percy
Henry Percy, 3rd Baron Percy of Alnwick (c. 1321–1368), was the eldest son of Henry de Percy, 2nd Baron Percy (1301–1352), and his wife, Idoine de Clifford (Idonea in Latin and also in English), daughter of Robert de Clifford, 1st Baron de Clifford.
Matthew West (technologist)
Matthew West (1953 – 2023) was a British technology expert. He was the technical lead of the UK digital twin project. He was awarded an Order of the British Empire in recognition of his services to information management in the 2021 New Year Honours.

2021 New Year Honours
The 2021 New Year Honours are appointments by some of the 16 Commonwealth realms to various orders and honours to recognise and reward good works by citizens of those countries. The New Year Honours are awarded as part of the New Year celebrations at the start of January and those for 2021 were announced on 30 December 2020.

The recipients of honours are displayed as they were styled before their new honour and arranged by the country whose ministers advised Her Majesty on the appointments, then by the honour and by the honour's grade (i.e. Knight/Dame Grand Cross, Knight/Dame Commander etc.), and then by divisions (i.e. Civil, Diplomatic, and Military), as appropriate.
Tim Siegel (tennis)
Tim Siegel (born January 24, 1964) is n American former professional tennis player and collee tennis coach. He is currently the head coach of the Lubbock-Cooper High School tennis team and previously served as head coach of the SMU Mustangs women's tennis team, Texas Tech Red Raiders men's tennis team and Texas Tech Red Raiders women's tennis team.

Lubbock-Cooper Independent School District
Lubbock-Cooper Independent School District (LCISD) is a 5-A school district located south of the city of Lubbock, Texas, United States, centered on the small community of Woodrow. School colors are red and black, and the mascot is the Fighting Pirates. According to the Fast Growth School Coalition, Lubbock-Cooper ISD is the second fastest-growing school district in Texas.

Lubbock-Cooper is located in southern Lubbock County. A portion of the city of Lubbock lies within its boundaries. It is bordered by Lubbock ISD to the north, Frenship ISD to the west, Slaton ISD to the east, and New Home ISD to the south. Lubbock-Cooper is considered one of the premier school districts in the Lubbock area. Approximately 6,000 students are enrolled at Lubbock-Cooper ISD

In 2009, the school district was rated "recognized" by the Texas Education Agency.
Bacatha in Palaestina
Bacatha in Palestina was a town and episcopal see in the late Roman province of Palaestina Salutaris or Palaestina Tertia (today's southern Israel and Jordan), the provincial capital and metropolitan see of which was Petra. The town of Safut, close to As-Salt in Jordan, has been tentatively identified as ancient Bacatha.

Metropolis (religious jurisdiction)
A metropolis, metropolitanate or metropolitan diocese is an episcopal see whose bishop is the metropolitan bishop or archbishop of an ecclesiastical province. Metropolises, historically, have been important cities in their provinces.
Edgar Holden
Edgar Holden (March 24, 1914 – August 21, 2001) was an American politician who served in the Iowa House of Representatives from 1967 to 1975 and in the Iowa Senate from 1977 to 1989.

He died of prostate cancer on August 21, 2001, in Davenport, Iowa at age 87.

Iowa House of Representatives
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa House of Representatives is the lower house of the Iowa General Assembly, the upper house being the Iowa Senate. There are 100 seats in the Iowa House of Representatives, representing 100 single-member districts across the state, formed by dividing the 50 Senate districts in half. Each district has a population of approximately 30,464 as of the 2010 United States census. The House of Representatives meets at the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines.

Unlike the upper house, the Iowa Senate, state House representatives serve two-year terms with the whole chamber up for re-election in even-numbered years. There are no term limits for the House.
Drew Cheshire
Drew Cheshire (born 6 September 1991) is an English professional rugby union player who plays for Moseley. A product of Gloucester academy. He signed his first professional contract with Moseley who compete in the RFU Championship.  Prior to joining Moseley, Drew spent a number of seasons with Luctonians experiencing first team rugby in both National League 3 Midlands and National League 2 North.

Regional 1 Midlands
Regional 1 Midlands (until 2021–22 known as Midlands Premier and up until 2016–17 known as National League 3 Midlands) is a level five semi-professional league in the English rugby union system. It is one of six leagues at this level. When this division began in 1987 it was known as Midlands Division 1. The format of the league was changed at the beginning of the 2009–10 season following a reorganisation by the Rugby Football Union (RFU), and the name change from National League 3 to Premier was introduced for the 2017–18 season by the RFU in order to lessen confusion for what is a series of regional leagues. Regional 1 Midlands is the highest regional rugby union league in the English Midlands.

Syston are the current champions and are promoted to National League 2 West.
On Broadway Volume 1
On Broadway Volume 1 is the second album by Paul Motian to be released on the German JMT label. It was released in 1989 and features performances of Broadway show tunes by Motian with guitarist Bill Frisell and tenor saxophonist Joe Lovano. The album was followed by four subsequent volumes, and it was rereleased on the Winter & Winter label in 2003.

Winter & Winter Records
Winter & Winter is a record label in Munich, Germany that specializes in jazz, classical and improvised music. It was founded by Stefan Winter following the demise of his JMT Records label.

Since 1997 Winter & Winter has released records by Dave Douglas, Paul Motian, Jim Black,  Fred Frith and Uri Caine and rereleased albums from the JMT catalogue, including recordings by Steve Coleman, Cassandra Wilson, Greg Osby, Django Bates, and Paul Motian.
Burchard I, Duke of Swabia
Burchard I (c. 850/855 – 5 or 23 November 911), a member of the Hunfriding dynasty, was a Duke of Alamannia from 909 until his death. He also held the title of a margrave of Raetia Curiensis, as well as count in the Thurgau and Baar.

Thurgau
Thurgau (/ˈtʊərɡaʊ/ TOOR-gow, Swiss Standard German: [ˈtuːrɡaʊ] ⓘ; French: Thurgovie; Italian: Turgovia; Romansh: Turgovia), anglicized as Thurgovia, and formally as the Canton of Thurgau, is one of the 26 cantons forming the Swiss Confederation. It is composed of five districts. Its capital is Frauenfeld.

Thurgau is part of Eastern Switzerland. It is named after the river Thur, and the name Thurgovia was historically used for a larger area, including part of this river's basin upstream of the modern canton. The area of what is now Thurgau was acquired as subject territories by the cantons of the Old Swiss Confederacy from the mid 15th century. Thurgau was first declared a canton in its own right at the formation of the Helvetic Republic in 1798.

The population, as of December 2020, is 282,909. In 2007, there were a total of 47,390 resident foreigners, constituting 19.9% of the population.
Concrete mixer
A concrete mixer (also cement mixer) is a device that homogeneously combines cement, aggregate (e.g. sand or gravel), and water to form concrete. A typical concrete mixer uses a revolving drum to mix the components. For smaller volume works, portable concrete mixers are often used so that the concrete can be made at the construction site, giving the workers ample time to use the concrete before it hardens. An alternative to a machine is mixing concrete by hand. This is usually done in a wheelbarrow; however, several companies have recently begun to sell modified tarps for this purpose.

The concrete mixer was invented by Columbus, Ohio, industrialist Gebhardt Jaeger. However Stothert & Pitt's 1885 Price Book records Messers H. Lee & Co used a Lee's Mixer during the construction of the Admiralty Pier at Dover, Kent. Their US Price Book distributor was E. & F. N. Spon, Booksellers, 35 Murray St, New York.

Axle
An axle or axletree is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. On wheeled vehicles, the axle may be fixed to the wheels, rotating with them, or fixed to the vehicle, with the wheels rotating around the axle. In the former case, bearings or bushings are provided at the mounting points where the axle is supported.  In the latter case, a bearing or bushing sits inside a central hole in the wheel to allow the wheel or gear to rotate around the axle.  Sometimes, especially on bicycles, the latter type of axle is referred to as a spindle.
Joseph Jean
Joseph-Arthur Jean, PC, QC (February 7, 1890 – July 18, 1973) was a Canadian politician.

Born in St-Philippe-de-Néri, Quebec, he was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada representing the Quebec riding of Maisonneuve in a 1932 by-election. A Liberal, he was re-elected in 1935, 1940, 1945, and 1949 representing the riding of Mercier. From 1943 to 1945, he was the Parliamentary Assistant to the Minister of Justice and Attorney General. From 1945 to 1949, he was the Solicitor General of Canada.

Mercier (federal electoral district)
Mercier (French pronunciation: [mɛʁsje] ⓘ; also known as Montreal—Mercier) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1935 to 2004. In 2003, the district was abolished and split into the La Pointe-de-l'Île and Honoré-Mercier ridings. A provincial electoral district still exists under the same name but is located in Plateau Mont-Royal borough.
Sing Bing Kang
Sing Bing Kang is a computer scientist known for his work in image-based modeling and rendering. He is a distinguished scientist at Zillow.

Kang has a Ph.D. from Carnegie Mellon University, completed in 1994. His dissertation, Robot Instruction by Human Demonstration, was supervised by Katsushi Ikeuchi. He worked for Microsoft Research before moving to Zillow.

He is the author of books including:

Image-Based Rendering (with Heung-Yeung Shum and Shing-Chow Chan, Springer, 2008)

Image-based Modeling of Plants and Trees (with Long Quan, Morgan & Claypool, 2010)

Image-based modeling and rendering
In computer graphics and computer vision, image-based modeling and rendering (IBMR) methods rely on a set of two-dimensional images of a scene to generate a three-dimensional model and then render some novel views of this scene.

The traditional approach of computer graphics has been used to create a geometric model in 3D and try to reproject it onto a two-dimensional image.  Computer vision, conversely, is mostly focused on detecting, grouping, and extracting features (edges, faces, etc.) present in a given picture and then trying to interpret them as three-dimensional clues.  Image-based modeling and rendering allows the use of multiple two-dimensional images in order to generate directly novel two-dimensional images, skipping the manual modeling stage.
Central Asian Military District
The Red Banner Central Asian Military District was a military district of the Soviet Armed Forces,  which existed in 1926–1945 and 1969–1989, with its headquarters at Tashkent (1926–1945) and Almaty (1969–1989). By USSR Order No.304 of 4 June 1926, the Turkestan Front was renamed the Central Asian Military District.

Osh
Osh (English: /ɒʃ/, Kyrgyz: [Ош] ⓘ, Russian: [Ош]) is the second-largest city in Kyrgyzstan, located in the Fergana Valley in the south of the country. It is often referred to as the "capital of the south". It is the oldest city in the country (estimated by UNESCO to be more than 3,000 years old) and has served as the administrative center of Osh Region since 1939. The city has an ethnically mixed population of 322,164 in 2021, comprising  Kyrgyz, Uzbeks, Ukrainians, Koreans, and other smaller ethnic groups.
Baldwin AS-616
The BLH AS-616 was a 1,600 horsepower (1,200 kW) C-C diesel-electric locomotive built by Baldwin-Lima-Hamilton between 1950 and 1954. Nineteen railroads bought 214 locomotives, and two railroads bought seven cabless B units. The AS-616 was valued for its extremely high tractive effort, far more than any comparable Alco or EMD product. It was used in much the same manner as its four-axle counterpart, the AS-16, and its six-axle sister, the AS-416, though the six-traction motor design allowed better tractive effort at lower speeds.

Trona Railway
The Trona Railway (reporting mark TRC) is a 30.5 mi (49.1 km) short-line railroad owned by Searles Valley Minerals. The TRC interchanges with the Lone Pine Subdivision of the Union Pacific Railroad (former Southern Pacific Transportation Company) at Searles, California.
Radio Navigational Aids
The Radio Navigational Aids (Publication 117) publication contains a detailed list of selected worldwide radio stations that provide services to the mariner. The publication is divided into chapters according to the nature of the service provided by the radio stations. The services include Radio direction finder and Radar Stations; stations broadcasting navigational warnings, time signals or medical advice; communication traffic for distress, emergency and safety including the Global Maritime Distress Safety System (GMDSS) and long range navigational aids. It also contains chapters describing procedures of the AMVER System, and the interim emergency procedures and communication instructions to be followed by U.S merchant vessels in times of crisis. A new edition of Publication 117 is published annually. This publication is available in its entirety on the website and there are also database queries available for much of the data contained within.

Navigational aid
A navigational aid (NAVAID), also known as aid to navigation (ATON), is any sort of signal, markers or guidance equipment which aids the traveller in navigation, usually nautical or aviation travel.  Common types of such aids include lighthouses, buoys, fog signals, and day beacons.
Henry Williams (bishop)
Henry Herbert Williams CH (19 December 1872 – 29 September 1961) was an English clergyman who served as Bishop of Carlisle.

Williams was the elder son of Rev. John Williams, Vicar of Poppleton. He was educated at St Peter's School, York and The Queen's College, Oxford. He began his ministry in 1900 as a tutor and lecturer in philosophy at Hertford College, Oxford and in 1913 he became Principal of St Edmund Hall, Oxford. From 1920 to 1941 he was Bishop of Carlisle. He died on 29 September 1961.

He is credited with the quote "furious activity is no substitute for understanding".

Tutoring
Tutoring is private academic help, usually provided by an expert teacher; someone with deep knowledge or defined expertise in a particular subject or set of subjects.

A tutor, formally also called an academic tutor, is a person who provides assistance or tutelage to one or more people on certain subject areas or skills. The tutor spends a few hours on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis to transfer their expertise on the topic or skill to the student (also called a tutee). Tutoring can take place in different settings.
Willie Hubert
William Henry Hubert (January 19, 1913 – May 19, 2000), nicknamed "Bubber", was an American Negro league pitcher between 1939 and 1946.

A native of Ocala, Florida, Hubert made his Negro leagues debut in 1939 with the Newark Eagles. In 1940, he and Ross Davis tossed a combined no-hitter for the Baltimore Elite Giants against Newark. In 1944, Hubert played for the Homestead Grays during the team's 1944 Negro World Series championship season. After his Negro leagues career, he played minor league baseball for the Farnham Pirates of the Provincial League in 1948. Hubert died in Bronx, New York in 2000 at age 87.

Homestead Grays
The Homestead Grays (also known as Washington Grays or Washington Homestead Grays) were a professional baseball team that played in the Negro leagues in the United States.

The team was formed in 1912 by Cumberland Posey, and remained in continuous operation for 38 seasons. The team was originally based in Homestead, Pennsylvania, adjacent to Pittsburgh.  By the 1920s, with increasing popularity in the Pittsburgh region, the team retained the name "Homestead" but crossed the Monongahela River to play all home games in Pittsburgh, at the Pittsburgh Pirates' home Forbes Field and the Pittsburgh Crawfords' home Greenlee Field.

From 1940 until 1942, the Grays played half of their home games in Washington, D.C., while remaining in Pittsburgh for all other home stands. As attendance at their games in the nation's capital grew, by 1943, the Grays were playing more than two-thirds of their home games in Washington.
Qaiser Ashraf
Qaiser Ashraf (born 8 May 1994) is a Pakistani cricketer who plays for Lahore. He was the leading wicket-taker for Lahore Whites in the 2018–19 Quaid-e-Azam One Day Cup, with sixteen dismissals in five matches. In March 2019, he was named in Baluchistan's squad for the 2019 Pakistan Cup.

2019 Pakistan Cup
The 2019 Pakistan Cup was the fourth edition of the Pakistan Cup, a List A cricket competition which was contested by five teams. It was held from 2 to 12 April 2019, with all the matches played at the Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium. The Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) stated that the top performers in the tournament would be considered for the 2019 Cricket World Cup in England.

Federal Areas, the defending champions, were eliminated from the competition after losing their first three matches of the tournament. On 9 April 2019, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa beat Sindh by nine runs to advance to the final of the tournament. The result meant that Baluchistan also progressed to the final, regardless of the outcome of their last match against Federal Areas. Khyber Pakhtunkhwa won the tournament, and their second title, after beating Balochistan by nine runs in the final.