hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Canadian Society for History and Philosophy of Mathematics
The Canadian Society for History and Philosophy of Mathematics (CSHPM) is dedicated to the study of the history and philosophy of mathematics  in Canada. It was proposed by Kenneth O. May, in conjunction with the journal Historia Mathematica, and was founded in 1974.

Kenneth O. May
Kenneth O. May (July 8, 1915 – December 1977) was an American mathematician and historian of mathematics, who developed May's theorem.

May was a prime mover behind the International Commission on the History of Mathematics, and was the first editor of its journal Historia Mathematica. Every four years the ICHM awards the Kenneth O. May Prize for outstanding contributions to the history of mathematics.
Kendall Carly Browne
Kendall Carly Browne (May 31, 1918 – January 26, 2018) was an American film and television actress and television host. Browne, whose professional career spanned decades, was best known for her film roles, including Dreamscape in 1984 and Pineapple Express in 2008, as well as television roles from the 1950s to 2000s including The Jack Benny Program, Beverly Hills, 90210, ER, CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, and My Name Is Earl.

Born in Pennsylvania on May 31, 1918, Browne began her career as a receptionist at the Zeppo Marx Talent Agency before segueing into acting and on-air work. In 1952, she was hired by CBS when the television network first launched. Browne then hosted Four Star Theater on KECA-TV, which is now present-day KABC-TV in Los Angeles.

Kendall Carly Browne died from natural causes at her home in Indio, California, on January 26, 2018, at age 99. Her husband, Herb Braverman, a television producer, died in 1958.

Zeppo Marx
Herbert Manfred "Zeppo" Marx (February 25, 1901 – November 30, 1979) was an American comedic actor. He was the youngest, and last survivor, of the five Marx Brothers. He appeared in the first five Marx Brothers feature films from 1929 to 1933, usually performing in a more subdued style than his brothers and serving as a romantic lead and/or straight man. He abandoned acting for subsequent careers as an engineer and theatrical agent.
Ahmed Chami
Ahmed Chami sometimes Ahmed Reda Chami (Arabic: أحمد الشامي – born 16 May 1961, Casablanca) is a Moroccan politician of the Socialist Union of Popular Forces. Between 2007 and 2012, he held the position of Minister of Industry, Trade and New Technologies in the cabinet of Abbas El Fassi.

In December 2019, he was appointed by the king of Morocco in the Special Committee on Model of Development.

Socialist Union of Popular Forces
The Socialist Union of Popular Forces (Arabic: الاتحاد الاشتراكي للقوات الشعبية, romanized: al-ittiḥād al-ištirāki lil quwāt aš-šaʿbīya; Standard Moroccan Tamazight: ⵜⴰⵎⵓⵏⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⵎⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵏⵉⵖⴰⵍⵍⵏ ⵉⴳⴷⵓⴷⴰⵏⵏ, romanized: tamunt tanmlayt niɣalln igdudann; French: Union Socialiste des Forces Populaires, USFP) is a social democratic political party in Morocco. It claims ideas of social justice, modernity and the fight against inequalities.
Reykjavik Tournament
The Reykjavík Tournament is an annual pre-season football tournament in Iceland. The tournament involves nine of Reykjavík's top football sides from the top two leagues in Iceland, Úrvalsdeild karla and 1. deild, and uses a combination of group and knockout rounds to determine which team is the winner of the tournament. Currently, matches begin in January, with tournament concluding in February.

Valur are the defending champions, having defeated Fjölnir 1–0 in the 2017 final.

1. deild karla (football)
1. deild karla, known as Lengjudeild karla (The Lengja League) for sponsorship reasons, is an association football league in Iceland. It is the second highest professional level in the Icelandic football league system. The league was founded in 1955 and current champions are Þór. The league was expanded to 12 teams for the 2007 season, after having only 10 teams for many years. Since 2008 the top three divisions have all had 12 teams.
Yuka Chokyu
Yuka Chokyu (born December 9, 1966) is a Canadian para badminton player and former wheelchair tennis player who competes at international level events. She was a three-time Paralympian at the Summer Paralympics from 2000 to 2008, her highest achievement in her tennis career was where she had reached the quarterfinals at the 2000 Summer Paralympics in both the women's singles and women's doubles.

2000 Summer Paralympics
The 2000 Summer Paralympic Games or the XI Summer Paralympics were held in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, between 18 and 29 October. The Sydney Paralympics was the last time that the Summer Paralympics were organised by two different Organizing Committees. In this edition, a record 3,801 athletes from 123 National Paralympic Committees participated in 551 events in 18 sports. The 2000 Summer Paralympics were the second largest sporting event ever until that date held in Australia and in the Southern Hemisphere. Sydney was the eighth city to jointly host the Olympic and Paralympic Games. However, it was only the fourth to jointly organise both events in complete conjunction with the Olympics. This edition was also the first time that the Paralympics were held in Australia and Oceania.
2019 FIM Enduro World Championship
The 2019 World Enduro Championship is the 30th season of the FIM World Enduro Championship. The season consists of seven events.

Steve Holcombe goes into the championship after winning both the EnduroGP and Enduro 3 classes in 2018. Brad Freeman is the reigning Enduro 1 champion, with Eero Remes going into the season after taking the Enduro 2 title last year. 
A new class, the Enduro Open World Cup, will be contested for the first time in 2019. The aim of the class is to increase the number of privateer competitors.

Brad Freeman (motorcyclist)
Bradley Freeman (born 5 July 1996, Rugeley, England) is a British professional Enduro racer.

Brad is the reigning Enduro 3 Champion (2024).  He and fellow Brit Steve Holcombe have been dominating the Enduro World Championship since 2018 and swept the 2020 EnduroGP, Enduro2 and Enduro3 world titles. They both ride for Factory Beta. Brad claimed the 2021 Enduro 3 title with 11 consecutive wins.
William Tankerville Chamberlain
William Tankerville Chamberlain (25 June 1751 – 12 May 1802) was an Irish judge of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century. He was highly praised by his contemporaries for his ability and integrity, but his reputation has suffered as a result of his conduct as a judge at the trial for treason of William Orr, which is widely regarded as a grave miscarriage of justice.

Miscarriage of justice
A miscarriage of justice occurs when an unfair outcome occurs in a criminal or civil proceeding. Examples of miscarriage of justice include conviction of an innocent person, error of impunity, sentencing disparity, and delayed justice.

Innocent people have sometimes ended up in prison for years before their conviction has eventually been overturned. They may be exonerated if new evidence comes to light or it is determined that the police or prosecutor committed some kind of misconduct at the original trial. In some jurisdictions this leads to the payment of compensation.

Academic studies have found that the main factors contributing to miscarriages of justice are: eyewitness misidentification; faulty forensic analysis; false confessions by vulnerable suspects; perjury and lies stated by witnesses; misconduct by police, prosecutors or judges; and/or ineffective assistance of counsel (e.g., inadequate defense strategies by the defendant's or respondent's legal team).
Tellegen's theorem
Tellegen's theorem is one of the most powerful theorems in network theory. Most of the energy distribution theorems and extremum principles in network theory can be derived from it. It was published in 1952 by Bernard Tellegen.   Fundamentally, Tellegen's theorem gives a simple relation between magnitudes that satisfy Kirchhoff's laws of electrical circuit theory.

The Tellegen theorem is applicable to a multitude of network systems. The basic assumptions for the systems are the conservation of flow of extensive quantities (Kirchhoff's current law, KCL) and the uniqueness of the potentials at the network nodes (Kirchhoff's voltage law, KVL). The Tellegen theorem provides a useful tool to analyze complex network systems including electrical circuits, biological and metabolic networks, pipeline transport networks, and chemical process networks.

Complex network
In the context of network theory, a complex network is a graph (network) with non-trivial topological features—features that do not occur in simple networks such as lattices or random graphs but often occur in networks representing real systems. The study of complex networks is a young and active area of scientific research (since 2000) inspired largely by empirical findings of real-world networks such as computer networks, biological networks, technological networks, brain networks, climate networks and social networks.
Gacka
The Gacka is a river located in the Lika region of central Croatia.

Because for a large part of its course it is a subterranean river, estimates of its length vary. The aboveground part has undergone substantial human intervention – before it was 32 kilometres (20 miles) long; now it is only 11 kilometres (6.8 miles) long. It has been regulated by man to flow into an aqueduct in Gusić polje (known as Tunel Gacka-Gusić Jezero) and then into the Adriatic Sea through the hydroelectric installation HE Senj near Sveti Juraj. Built in 1965, HE Senj takes inflow from both the Gacka and Lika rivers.

The river passes through karst fields and most notably the town of Otočac, and its headwaters are known as a popular locale for trout fishing.

Sveti Juraj
Sveti Juraj is a village in Croatia. It is on the Adriatic coast, on the D8 highway between Senj and Karlobag. A minor road leads inland to the Northern Velebit National Park and the village of Krasno. Offshore from the harbour is a small island called Otočić Lisac.
En Iniya Iyanthira
En Iniya Iyanthira (English: My Dear Machine) is a Tamil dystopian science fiction novel written by Indian writer Sujatha. In the late 1980s Sujatha wrote this novel as a series in the popular Tamil magazine Dinamani Kathir. Following the success of En Iniya Enthira, Sujatha wrote a follow-up/sequel to this novel, Meendum Jeano. The novel was made into a serial and released on Doordarshan in 1991. The main antagonist Jeeva was played by veteran actor Charu Haasan, Nila by Sivaranjini, Sibi by Shiva and Ravi by Anand.

The story of the En iniya Enthira revolves around a dictator who rules India and 3 rebels organising a coup against him including a girl named Nila and a robot dog named Jeeno. The film Enthiran starring Rajinikanth is slightly based on this novel.

Charuhasan
Charuhasan Srinivasan (born 5 January 1931) is an Indian actor, director and retired lawyer who has acted in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam and Kannada films. He won the National Film Award for Best Actor and the Karnataka State Film Award for Best Actor for the Kannada film Tabarana Kathe (1987). Charuhasan is the elder brother of veteran actor Kamal Haasan and father of Indian actress Suhasini.
SNCF Class BB 66600
The SNCF Class BB 66600 is a small class of centre cab diesel locomotives rebuilt from the earlier Class BB 66000 by fitting a slightly more powerful engine. The locomotives were 14.898 m (48.88 ft) long and weighed 71 t (70 long tons; 78 short tons). Powered by an SEMT 12PA4 diesel engine developing 1,100 kW (1,500 hp), they had a maximum speed of 120 km/h (75 mph). All members of the class were fitted for multiple working and all but two had electric train heating.

Initially all 11 were allocated to Nîmes to work services to Clermont-Ferrand.

Nîmes
Nîmes is the prefecture of the Gard department in the Occitanie region of Southern France. Located between the Mediterranean Sea and the Cévennes mountain range, the estimated population of the commune of Nîmes stood at 148,561 in 2019.

Dubbed the most Roman city outside Italy, Nîmes has a rich history dating back to the Roman Empire when the city's population was estimated at approximately 50,000–60,000. Since several famous monuments and ancient Roman buildings are located in Nîmes, including the Arena of Nîmes and the Maison carrée, the city is often referred to as the "French Rome."
Rajim
Rajim is a town which is proposed to be in Raipur district but officially in Gariaband district, Chhattisgarh, India. Rajim is named after Rajiv Lochan Mandir which is the main Hindu pilgrimage temple of Rajim dedicated to Vishnu. There is also the ancient Kuleshwar Mahadev Mandir dedicated to Shiva at the Triveni Sangam. The town hosts the Triveni Sangam of Mahanadi, Pairi (physically) and Sondor (virtually). Being of such importance, Rajim is also called the Prayag of Chhattisgarh. It was also the centre of work of freedom fighter and social reformer Pt. Sundarlal Sharma.

Raipur district
Raipur district is a district in the Chhattisgarh state of India. Its administrative headquarters is the city of Raipur. The district is rich in mineral resources and there are many wildlife sanctuaries. With a population of 2 million, it is the most populous district of Chhattisgarh.
Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso (consul 23 BC)
Gnaeus Calpurnius Piso (fl. 1st century BC) was a high ranking Roman aristocrat and senator. He was firmly traditionalist and opposed the populist First Triumvirate, and later Julius Caesar. He fought against Caesar in Caesar's civil war and against his adopted son, Octavian, in the Liberators' civil war; both times on the losing side.

He was twice pardoned, and subsequently retired from politics. He was unexpectedly appointed consul in 23 BC by the Emperor Augustus, whom he served alongside. In mid-term Augustus fell ill and was expected to die, which would, in theory, have left Piso as the highest authority in the state. In the event, Augustus recovered.

Liberators' civil war
The Liberators' civil war (43–42 BC) was started by the Second Triumvirate to avenge Julius Caesar's assassination. The war was fought by the forces of Mark Antony and Octavian (the Second Triumvirate members, or Triumvirs) against the forces of Caesar's assassins, led by Marcus Junius Brutus and Gaius Cassius Longinus, referred to as the Liberatores. The latter were defeated by the Triumvirs at the Battle of Philippi in October 42 BC, and committed suicide. Brutus committed suicide after the second part of the battle.
Rhampsinit
Rhampsinit (also called Rhampsinitos, Rhampsinitus, Rampsinitus, Rampsinit, derived from Herodotus' Greek Ῥαμψίνιτος Rhampsínitos) is the hellenized name of a fictitious king (pharaoh) from Ancient Egypt. He is named by the ancient Greek historian Herodotus as a literary figure in his Historiae. There it is told that Rhampsinit was the predecessor of the legendary king Kheops. The first tale of Rhampsinit is about two thieves who rob the king until one of them dies. His brother tries to rescue the corpse and then manages to fool the king to avoid arrest. The second tale is about Rhampsinit's visit to Hades.

Hellenization
Hellenization or Hellenification is the adoption of Greek culture, religion, language, and identity by non-Greeks. In the ancient period, colonization often led to the Hellenization of indigenous people. In the Hellenistic period, many of the territories which were conquered by Alexander the Great were Hellenized.
Curium(III) oxide
Curium(III) oxide is a compound composed of curium and oxygen with the chemical formula Cm2O3. It is a crystalline solid with a unit cell that contains two curium atoms and three oxygen atoms. The simplest synthesis equation involves the reaction of curium(III) metal with O2−: 2 Cm3+ + 3 O2− ---> Cm2O3. Curium trioxide can exist as five polymorphic forms. Two of the forms exist at extremely high temperatures, making it difficult for experimental studies to be done on the formation of their structures. The three other possible forms which curium sesquioxide can take are the body-centered cubic form, the monoclinic form, and the hexagonal form. Curium(III) oxide is either white or light tan in color and, while insoluble in water, is soluble in inorganic and mineral acids. Its synthesis was first recognized in 1955.

Hexagonal lattice
The hexagonal lattice (sometimes called triangular lattice) is one of the five two-dimensional Bravais lattice types. The symmetry category of the lattice is wallpaper group p6m. The primitive translation vectors of the hexagonal lattice form an angle of 120° and are of equal lengths,

The reciprocal lattice of the hexagonal lattice is a hexagonal lattice in reciprocal space with orientation changed by 90° and primitive lattice vectors of length
Armando Calidonio
Armando Calidonio Alvarado (born 19 September 1969) is a Honduran politician from the National Party of Honduras who since 2014 serves as Mayor of San Pedro Sula. He previously served as Deputy of the National Congress of Honduras during the 2010–2014 period.

National Party of Honduras
The National Party of Honduras (PNH; Spanish: Partido Nacional de Honduras) is a conservative  political party in Honduras founded on 27 February 1902, by Manuel Bonilla Chirinos. Historically it has been one of the two most influential parties in the country. The party's platform is based on Christian humanist doctrine, and its five main principles are common wealth, dignity of the human person, equality, solidarity and subsidiarity.

Since the foundation of the National Party, Honduras has had 14 PNH presidents. Manuel Bonilla was the first (1903–1907), and the most recent is the president, Nasry Asfura, who has served since January 2026. The party was the ruling directive of the National Congress from 2009 to 2022 and currently holds mayoralties of most of the country's municipalities.
Gobburi Jagga Raya
Gobburi Jagga Raya (reigned February 1615 – 1617) was a de facto Emperor of Vijayanagara on behalf of his adopted nephew named Chenga Raya, a rival claimant to the Vijaynagara thorne. He was the brother of Venkata II's favourite queen Obayamma who was bequeathed the Pulicat region and belonged to the Gobburi family of Nayaks under the Vijayanagar Empire.

Pulicat
Pulicat or Pazhaverkadu is a historic seashore town in Chennai Metropolitan Area at Thiruvallur District, of Tamil Nadu state, India. It is about 60 kilometres (37 mi) north of Chennai and 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from Elavur, on the southern periphery of the Pulicat Lake. Pulicat Lake is a shallow salt water lagoon which stretches about 60 kilometres (37 mi) along the coast. With lakeside and seashore development as well as several Special Economic Zones (SEZs).
Saint-Vincent, Aosta Valley
Saint-Vincent (French: [sɛ̃ vɛ̃sɑ̃] ⓘ; Valdôtain: Sèn-Veuncein; Issime Walser: Finze) is a town and comune in the Aosta Valley region of north-western Italy. Saint-Vincent, elevation 575 metres (1,886 ft), is a popular summer holiday resort with mineral springs, and home to one of four casinos in Italy.

Issime
Issime (French: [isim] ⓘ; Walser: Éischeme; German: Einsimmen; Valdôtain: Eichima (locally in patois gabençois, Éséima)) is a town and comune in the Aosta Valley region of north-western Italy. Its population speaks Walser German.
The Troubles in Jordanstown
The Troubles in Jordanstown recounts incidents during, and the effects of, The Troubles in Jordanstown, Newtownabbey, County Antrim, Northern Ireland.

Incidents in Jordanstown during the Troubles resulting in two or more fatalities:

Jordanstown
Jordanstown (Irish: Baile Mhic Shiúrtáin) is a townland (of 964 acres) and electoral ward in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. It is within the urban area of Newtownabbey and the Antrim and Newtownabbey Borough Council area. It is also situated in the civil parish of Carnmoney and the historic barony of Belfast Lower. It had a population of 6,225 in the 2011 census, with an average age of 40.

Jordanstown includes a University of Ulster campus, a bowling club, a few schools and shops. It also has a beach and seafront park area called Loughshore Park, which hosts various events throughout the year including the three-day Loughshore Festival over the last weekend in August. The park sits on the shore of Belfast Lough.
Willie Miller (footballer, born 1924)
Willie Miller (20 October 1924 – 23 June 2005) was a Scottish footballer, who played as a goalkeeper for Celtic, Clyde and Hibernian. Miller was capped six times by the Scotland national football team.

Miller was signed by Celtic in May 1942, and made his debut in the following August, aged just 17. He remained at Celtic Park until 1950, but he won no medals. On the resumption of international football after the Second World War, Miller was first choice for Scotland. He also represented the Scottish League XI seven times between March 1947 and November 1948.

In 1950 he moved across the city to Clyde, and had two good seasons before being dropped from the team. Miller left Clyde in November 1953, and after a few months out of football, signed for Hibernian. He was used as reserve cover, however, and only made three league appearances before retiring from the game in 1955.

Scottish Football League XI
The Scottish League XI was a representative side of the Scottish Football League. The team regularly played against the (English) Football League and other national league select teams between 1892 and 1980. For a long period the annual fixture between the English and Scottish leagues was only second in importance to the matches between the two national teams. The fixture declined in importance after regular European club competition was instituted in the 1950s; matches in the 1960s and 1970s were played irregularly and poorly attended. A match involving a Scottish League XI was last played in 1990, to mark the centenary of the League.
London East Business and Technical Park
London East Business and Technical Park, stylised in marketing as LondonEast-UK, is a business park in Dagenham, England.

Since 2019 it has been owned by BD Group, a subsidiary of Barking and Dagenham London Borough Council.

Barking and Dagenham London Borough Council
Barking and Dagenham London Borough Council, also known as Barking and Dagenham Council, is the local authority for the London Borough of Barking and Dagenham in Greater London, England. It provides a broad range of local government services including Council Tax billing, libraries, social services, processing planning applications, waste collection and disposal, and it is a local education authority. The council has been under Labour majority control since its creation in 1965. The council was created by the London Government Act 1963 as the Barking London Borough Council and replaced two local authorities: Barking Borough Council and Dagenham Borough Council. The council was renamed on 1 January 1980. It is based at Barking Town Hall in the centre of Barking.