hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sanzharivka
Sanzharivka (Ukrainian: Санжарівка; Russian: Санжаровка) is a village in  Horlivka Raion (district) in Donetsk Oblast of eastern Ukraine, at  67.1 km NE from the centre of Donetsk city, at about 10.9. km NNE from the centre of Debaltseve.

Horlivka Raion
Horlivka Raion (Ukrainian: Горлівський район, romanized: Horlivskyi raion; Russian: Горловский район, romanized: Gorlovsky rayon) is a prospective raion (district) of Donetsk Oblast, Ukraine. It was formally created in July 2020 as part of the reform of administrative divisions of Ukraine. The center of the raion is in the town of Horlivka. Population: 662,069 (2022 estimate). The area of the raion is occupied by Russia, which continues to use the old, pre-2020 administrative divisions of Ukraine. Prior to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, portions of the northern Maiorsk district of Horlivka were the only notable areas of the raion under Ukrainian government control.
Nuku rebellion
The Nuku rebellion was an anti-colonial movement that engulfed large parts of Maluku Islands and Western New Guinea between 1780 and 1810. It was initiated by the prince and later sultan of Tidore, Nuku Muhammad Amiruddin (c. 1738 – 1805), also known as Prince Nuku or Sultan Nuku. The movement united several ethnic groups of eastern Indonesia in the struggle against the Dutch and was temporarily successful, helped by an alliance with the British East India Company. However, the movement was defeated after the demise of Nuku, and Maluku was restored under European rule. In 1995, Nuku was officially appointed a National Hero of Indonesia.

Kora kora
A kora-kora or kora kora or coracora is a traditional canoe from the Maluku (Moluccas) Islands, Indonesia. They are naval boat for carrying men on raids for plunder or for slaves. In Maritime Southeast Asia, raiding for slaves was an honourable way of making a living, and the kora kora was needed for defence against raids as well as for forays. Large kora-kora is called juanga or joanga.
Mission Kakatiya
Mission Kakatiya ("Our Village Our Lake") is a scheme for restoring all the minor irrigation tanks and lakes in Telangana State, India. This scheme aims to renovate 46,531 tanks and lakes, storing 265 TMC water across the state in five years. This is the first program to be taken up by the Government of Telangana after coming into power in June 2014.

The tanks and lakes are dug to remove silt for increasing water storage capacity. The household agricultural income has also increased by 78.50% in the tank ayacut area.

In April 2022, the Government of India launched a similar water body rejuvenation scheme called the Mission Amrit Sarovar.

Tmcft
The abbreviation tmcft (also written tmc ft, TMC, or tmc), representing a thousand million cubic feet (one billion = 1,000,000,000 = 109 cubic feet) is commonly used in India in reference to volume of water in a reservoir or river flow.
Flying disc at the 2022 World Games
The flying disc competition at the 2022 World Games took place in July 2022, in Birmingham, Alabama, USA, at John Carroll Catholic High School. Originally scheduled to take place in July 2021, the Games were rescheduled for July 2022 as a result of the 2020 Summer Olympics postponement due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

John Carroll Catholic High School (Alabama)
John Carroll Catholic High School is a co-educational private school in Birmingham, Alabama, United States and is one of six Catholic high schools serving the Roman Catholic Diocese of Birmingham in Alabama.
Johann Christian Gerning
Johann Christian Gerning (1745–1802) was a German banker, art collector, and entomologist.

Gerning lived in Frankfurt. His insect collection was given to Museum Wiesbaden in 1829 by his son Johann Isaak von Gerning. Containing 50,000 specimens in 88 boxes it is beautifully conserved and contains insects given to the Gerning family by Maria Sibylla Merian (1647-1717). Many entomologists worked on the collection and it contains the specimens they based species descriptions on (holotypes).He was a correspondent of the philosopher Johann Georg Hamann.

Johann Georg Hamann
Johann Georg Hamann (/ˈhɑːmɑːn/; German: [ˈhaːman]; 27 August 1730 – 21 June 1788) was a German Lutheran philosopher from Königsberg known as "the Wizard of the North" who was one of the leading figures of post-Kantian philosophy. His work was used by his student J. G. Herder as the main support of the Sturm und Drang movement, and is associated with the Counter-Enlightenment and Romanticism.

He introduced Kant, also from Königsberg, to the works of both Hume – waking him from his "dogmatic slumber" – and Rousseau. Hamann was influenced by Hume, but he used his views to argue for rather than against Christianity.

Goethe and Kierkegaard were among those who considered him to be the finest mind of his time. He was also a key influence on Hegel and Jacobi. Long before the linguistic turn, Hamann believed epistemology should be replaced by the philosophy of language.
Graphis rosae-emiliae
Graphis rosae-emiliae is a species of script lichen in the family Graphidaceae. Described in 2014 from the Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve in Veracruz, Mexico, this bark-dwelling lichen forms a smooth, greenish-grey crust in humid lowland rainforests, where it grows on canopy branches. The species is characterised by its unbranched, slit-like fruiting bodies (lirellae) with black, grooved lips, relatively large ascospores divided by 9–13 cross-walls, and the absence of detectable secondary metabolites.

Graphidaceae
The Graphidaceae are a family of lichen-forming fungi in the order Graphidales. The family contains nearly a hundred genera and more than 2000 species. Although the family has a cosmopolitan distribution, most Graphidaceae species occur in tropical regions, and typically grow on bark. These lichens are characterized by their crust-like growth form and typically partner with orange-pigmented Trentepohlia algae. Many species produce distinctive elongated, slit-like fruiting bodies, and some have unusually large ascospores that can begin germinating almost immediately upon release. The family originated approximately 176 million years ago and has diversified steadily since, with major bursts of new species arising alongside the spread of flowering plants and tropical rainforests.
Gorgyra diva
Gorgyra diva is a butterfly in the family Hesperiidae. It is found in Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia. The habitat consists of forests, forest margins and heavy woodlands at altitudes up to 1,500 meters.

The larvae feed on Rourea orientalis.

Skipper (butterfly)
Skippers are a group of butterflies placed in the family Hesperiidae within the order Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies). They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea, but have since been placed in the superfamily Papilionoidea (the butterflies). They are named for their quick, darting flight habits. Most have their antenna tips modified into narrow, hook-like projections. Moreover, skippers mostly lack wing-coupling structure available in most moths. More than 3500 species of skippers are recognized, and they occur worldwide, but with the greatest diversity in the Neotropical regions of Central and South America.
Lady Penelope (comic)
Lady Penelope was a British weekly comic book magazine for girls which ran from 1966 to 1969. Produced by Century 21 Publications and published by City Magazines, it was a sister publication to TV Century 21. Lady Penelope was edited by Gillian Allan, wife of comic strip writer Angus Allan.

The title character was based on Lady Penelope Creighton-Ward, the secret agent seen in the Gerry & Sylvia Anderson/AP Films television series Thunderbirds. Most of the other strips in the comic were also based on popular television shows of the era.

AP Films
AP Films or APF (renamed Century 21 Productions in 1966) was a British independent film production company of the 1950s until the early 1970s. The company became internationally known for its imaginative children's action-adventure marionette television series – most significantly Thunderbirds – produced for British ITV network companies Associated-Rediffusion, Granada, ABC and ATV. At its height, the company employed more than 200 staff.
Pierre Norman
Pierre Norman, born Joseph P. Connor (November 16, 1895 – March 31, 1952), was an American clergyman, songwriter, and composer.  He was born in Kingston, Pennsylvania, United States, and died in Teaneck, New Jersey.

As a songwriter he is most famous for co-writing two songs: "You Brought a New Kind of Love to Me" (1930) that appeared in the Maurice Chevalier movie The Big Pond (1930) and "When I Take My Sugar to Tea" (1931), both of which were used in the Marx Brothers movie, Monkey Business, and both of which were co-written with Sammy Fain and Irving Kahal.  He joined ASCAP in 1925.

He was educated at the Wyoming Conservatory and St. Bonaventure College where he received among other degrees, a Doctor of Music.  He also received a musical degree from the Benedictine Fathers. He also studied with Ergildo Martinelli. He was the pastor of St. John's Church in Cliffside, New Jersey; chaplain of the New Jersey State Police for 24 years; and the New Jersey State Guard.

Kingston, Pennsylvania
Kingston is a borough in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is located on the western bank of the Susquehanna River opposite Wilkes-Barre. Kingston was first settled in the early 1770s, and incorporated as a borough in 1857.  As of the 2020 census, the population was 13,349, making it the most populous borough in Luzerne County.
1,2-Dioxane
1,2-Dioxane or o-dioxane is an organic compound with the molecular formula (CH2)4O2, classified as a cyclic peroxide. Its synthesis was reported in 1956 by Criegee and Müller, who prepared it by reacting butane-1,4-diol bis(methanesulfonate) with hydrogen peroxide and distilled it as a colorless liquid. Acids and bases decompose it to gamma-hydroxybutyraldehyde.

Substituted 1,2-dioxanes have also been prepared, and some have been isolated from natural sources.

Peroxide
Peroxides are a group of molecules with the structure R−O−O−R, where each R represents a radical (a portion of a complete molecule; not a free radical) and the O's are single oxygen atoms. Oxygen atoms are joined to each other and to adjacent elements through single covalent bonds, denoted by dashes or lines. The O−O group in a peroxide is often called the peroxide group, though some nomenclature discrepancies exist. This linkage is recognized as a common polyatomic ion, and exists in many molecules.
Virgil Soeroredjo
Virgil Soeroredjo (born 11 March 1985) is a former Surinamese badminton player and now coach. He competed for Suriname at the 2012 Summer Olympics. He also competed for Suriname at 3 Pan Am Games: 2003, the 2007 & 2011. As a young badminton player with the club SCVU in Suriname, Soeroredjo won juniors titles and was selected to represent his country abroad, winning several juniors medals at Caribbean, Central American and South American events. Much of his success was with his doubles partner Mitchel Wongsodikromo.

Surinamese National Badminton Championships
The Surinamese National Badminton Championships is a tournament organized by the Surinaamse Badminton Bond (SBB) the governing body for the sport of badminton in Suriname, to crown the best badminton players in Suriname.

The tournament started in 1966 and is held every year, except for the years 1971, 1986, 1989, 2002 and 2007 when no National championships were held. Since the year 2000 the National Championships of Suriname is divided between Category A for elite players and Category B for recreational players. Furthermore a National Junior Championships is also organized every year. There also used to be yearly Surinamese National Badminton Club Championships for club teams held since 1964.
Napoléon Joseph Louis Bontemps
Napoléon Joseph Louis Bontemps was Governor General for Inde française in the Second French Colonial Empire during the last days of the Second Empire of France and in the initial era of the Third Republic.: 28  Before taking this post, he was governor of Guadeloupe.: 31

Governor-general
Governor-general (plural governors-general), or governor general (plural governors general), is the title of an official, most prominently associated with the British Empire and the Commonwealth. In the context of the governors-general and former British colonies, governors-general continue to be appointed as viceroy to represent the monarch of a personal union in any sovereign state over which the monarch does not normally reign in person (non-UK Commonwealth realm). In the British Empire, governors-general were appointed on the advice of the government of the United Kingdom and were often British aristocracy, but in the mid-twentieth century they began to be appointed on the advice of the independent government of each realm and were citizens of each independent state.

Governors-general have also previously been appointed in respect of major colonial states or other territories held by either a monarchy or republic, such as Japan, Korea, Taiwan and France in Indochina.
Rayburn Wright
Rayburn Wright (27 August 1922 – 21 March 1990) was an American trombonist, composer, arranger and conductor, and professor of jazz studies and contemporary media at the Eastman School of Music, University of Rochester, New York, United States.

In 1982 Wright produced the book with accompanying audio cassette, Inside the Score: a detailed analysis of 8 classic jazz ensemble charts by Sammy Nestico, Thad Jones and Bob Brookmeyer, published by Kendor Music.

Eastman School of Music
The Eastman School of Music is the music school of the University of Rochester, a private research university in Rochester, New York, United States. Established in 1921 by celebrated industrialist and philanthropist George Eastman, it was the first professional school of the university.

The school offers Bachelor of Music (BM) degrees, Master of Arts (MA) degrees, Master of Music (MM) degrees, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degrees, and Doctor of Musical Arts (DMA) degrees in various musical fields, along with a special dual degree with the College of Arts & Sciences for students with multiple interests. The school has three performing orchestras, the Eastman Philharmonia, the Eastman School Symphony Orchestra, and the Philharmonia Chamber Orchestra.

As of 2024, there were more than 950 students enrolled in the collegiate division of the Eastman School (approximately 500 undergraduate and 450 graduate students).
Rancho Dobe's Storm
Ch. Rancho Dobe's Storm (12 December 1949 – October 1960), also known as Storm or Stormie, a Doberman Pinscher, best known for being Best in Show at the Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show in both 1952 and 1953. He was the grandson of the 1939 champion, Ferry v. Rauhfelsen of Giralda. Born in California, he was sold to his New York–based owner Len Carey at the age of three months. At the age of sixteen months he won Best of Breed at his first adult dog show, something he would repeat in all 25 of the shows he was entered into, becoming undefeated in breed competition.

He became a popular sire, having sired over 300 puppies. Royal Doulton released a ceramic figurine of him, and the American Kennel Club inducted him in 1993 as one of only three conformation show dogs in the Hall of Fame at the Museum of the Dog in St. Louis, Missouri.

Dobermann
The Dobermann is a German breed of medium-large working dog of pinscher type. It was originally bred in Thuringia in about 1890 by Louis Dobermann, a tax collector. It has a long muzzle and – ideally – an even and graceful gait. The ears were traditionally cropped and the tail docked, practices which are now illegal in many countries.

The Dobermann is intelligent, alert and tenaciously loyal; it is kept as a guard dog or as a companion animal. In Canada and the United States it is known as the Doberman Pinscher.
Thinking It Over (song)
"Thinking It Over" is a song by English-Irish pop group Liberty, before they became Liberty X. The UK garage song was produced by Pete Devereux (of Artful Dodger) and the Wideboys. It was co-written by band members Kelli Young and Tony Lundon and was released as Liberty's debut single in September 2001. In the United Kingdom, the single was a hit, reaching number five, but was not as successful internationally, peaking at number 29 in Ireland and number 81 in Australia.

Artful Dodger (duo)
Artful Dodger were a UK garage duo initially featuring songwriters and producers Mark Hill and Pete Devereux. They achieved success in the 1990s and early 2000s, releasing seven consecutive singles all of which charted in the United Kingdom top 20. What began as a handle for the release of underground bootleg recordings became a musical project creating original material for mainstream release and culminated in the release of It's All About the Stragglers, after the duo went on to work with an array of up-and-coming vocalists. In 2001, Hill and Devereux parted ways due to creative differences and the trademark, name and usage rights of 'Artful Dodger' were purchased by Blessed Records. Having reunited in 2017, Hill and Devereux found themselves unable to release new music or perform under their own name.

Hill and Devereux won numerous accolades, including the 2000 UK Producers of the Year and Ivor Novello recognition for their songwriting.
Alfred Korzybski
Alfred Habdank Skarbek Korzybski (/kɔːrˈzɪbski, kəˈʒɪpski/ ⓘ kor-ZIB-skee, kə-ZHIP-skee; Polish: [ˈalfrɛt kɔˈʐɨpskʲi]; July 3, 1879 – March 1, 1950) was a Polish-American philosopher and independent scholar who developed a field called general semantics, which he viewed as both distinct from, and more encompassing than, the field of semantics. He argued that human knowledge of the world is limited both by the human nervous system and the languages humans have developed, and thus no one can have direct access to reality, given that the most we can know is that which is filtered through the brain's responses to reality. His best known dictum is "The map is not the territory". Many of his ideas were presented in his book Science and Sanity (1933).

Reality
Reality is the state of everything that exists, not how they might be imagined. Different cultures and academic disciplines conceptualize it in various ways.

Philosophical questions about the nature of reality, existence, or being are considered under the rubric of ontology, a major branch of metaphysics in the Western intellectual tradition. Ontological questions also feature in diverse branches of philosophy, including the philosophy of science, religion, mathematics, and logic. These include questions about whether only physical objects are real (e.g., physicalism), whether reality is fundamentally immaterial (e.g., idealism), whether hypothetical unobservable entities posited by scientific theories exist (e.g., scientific realism), whether God exists, whether numbers and other abstract objects exist, and whether possible worlds exist. Skeptics question whether any of those claims is true, and suggest more extreme postulates.
Amílcar
Amílcar is a Spanish and Portuguese male given name derived from Latin Hamilcar, itself a Punic name known to the Romans through their Carthaginian foes, especially Hamilcar Barca.

Notable people with the name Amílcar include:

Amílcar Álvarez, Argentine swimmer

Amílcar Barbuy, Brazilian footballer

Amílcar Cabral, Bissau-Guinean/Cape Verdean politician

Amílcar de Castro, Brazilian sculptor and graphic designer

Amílcar Fonseca, Portuguese footballer

Amílcar Henríquez, Panamanian footballer

Amílcar Méndez Urízar, Guatemalan activist and politician

Amílcar Romero, Dominican politician

Amílcar de Sousa, Portuguese medical doctor and writer

Amílcar Spencer Lopes, Cape Verdean politician

Amílcar Villafuerte Trujillo, Mexican politician

Jean Amilcar, the Senegalese foster son of Marie Antoinette

Amílcar Cabral
Amílcar Lopes Cabral (Portuguese: [ɐˈmilkaɾ ˈlɔpɨʃ kɐˈbɾal]; (1924-09-12)12 September 1924 – (1973-01-20)20 January 1973) was a Bissau-Guinean and Cape Verdean agricultural engineer, political organizer, diplomat, and half-brother of Luís Cabral who was the 1st President of Guinea-Bissau. He was widely remembered as one of Africa's foremost anti-colonial leaders. He was also a pan-Africanist and intellectual nationalist revolutionary poet.

Also known by the nom de guerre Abel Djassi, he led the nationalist movement of Guinea-Bissau and the Cape Verde Islands and the ensuing war of independence in Guinea-Bissau.

Cabral was shot dead on 20 January 1973, about eight months before Guinea-Bissau's unilateral declaration of independence. He was deeply influenced by Marxism, becoming an inspiration to revolutionary socialists and national independence movements worldwide.
Nour Imane Addi
Nour Imane Addi (Arabic: نوريمان عدي; born 10 June 1997) is a Moroccan professional footballer who plays as a center midfielder for Campeonato Nacional Feminino club Albergaria and the Morocco women's national team.

Campeonato Nacional Feminino
The Campeonato Nacional Feminino (English: Women's National Championship), also known as Liga BPI for sponsorship reasons, is the top-tier women's association football league in Portugal and part of the various women's football competitions in Portugal. It is run by the Portuguese Football Federation and began in 1993. An initial ten teams compete in the league, which replaced the Taça Nacional as the highest level of women's football in Portugal. The current champions are Benfica, who won their fourth consecutive title in 2023–24. The most successful team is S.U. 1º de Dezembro, with 12 titles.
Cascading gauge theory
In theoretical physics, a cascading gauge theory is a gauge theory whose coupling rapidly changes with the scale in such a way that Seiberg duality must be applied many times.

Igor Klebanov and Matthew Strassler studied this kind of N=1 gauge theory in the context of the AdS-CFT correspondence, which is dual to  the warped deformed conifold.

Conifold
In mathematics and string theory, a conifold is a generalization of a manifold. Unlike manifolds, conifolds can contain conical singularities, i.e. points whose neighbourhoods look like cones over a certain base. In physics, in particular in flux compactifications of string theory, the base is usually a five-dimensional real manifold, since the typically considered conifolds are complex 3-dimensional (real 6-dimensional) spaces.
Bruce Lohnes
Bruce D. Lohnes (born October 10, 1958) is a Canadian curler from Valley, Nova Scotia. Lohnes is a former Brier champion and World Championship bronze medallist. Lohnes is currently a high performance junior coach with the Nova Scotia Curling Association.

Lohnes joined the Mark Dacey rink prior to the 2002-03 season, playing third on the team. Representing Nova Scotia, they would go on to win the 2004 Nokia Brier and a bronze at the 2004 Ford World Curling Championships for Canada. The team had been to three Briers together, returning in 2006, winning a bronze medal and 2009, finishing 10th. Lohnes had also been to three other Briers, but with different teams. He played third for Ragnar Kamp in 1989, third for David Jones in 1992 and as a skip in 1995.

2004 Nokia Brier
The 2004 Nokia Brier, the Canadian men's curling championship was held from March 6 to 14, 2004 at Saskatchewan Place in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.  A total of 238,129 attended the event.

Team Nova Scotia, who was skipped by Mark Dacey defeated Team Alberta skipped by Randy Ferbey in dramatic fashion in the championship game and preventing the Ferbey rink for capturing their fourth consecutive Brier title. Nova Scotia's title was their third and to date most recent Brier Tankard title and first title since 1951.