hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Defensive weapon
Defensive weapons include:

Personal weapons - see Self-defense#Armed

Missile defense

Planetary defense weapons - see Asteroid impact avoidance

Other means of neutralizing attacks - see Category:Weapons countermeasures

Missile defense
Missile defense is a system, weapon, or technology involved in the detection, tracking, interception, and also the destruction of attacking missiles. Conceived as a defense against nuclear-armed intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), its application has broadened to include shorter-ranged non-nuclear tactical and theater missiles.

China, France, India, Iran, Israel, Italy, Russia, Taiwan, the United Kingdom and the United States have all developed such air defense systems.
Anna-Karin Tornberg
Anna-Karin Tornberg is a Swedish mathematician currently at Royal Institute of Technology who was awarded the Göran Gustafsson Prize and Leslie Fox Prize for Numerical Analysis and elected to the Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences. Her research concerns computational mathematics.

As a faculty member at New York University in 2006, Tornberg won a Sloan Research Fellowship. She was an invited speaker on numerical analysis and scientific computing at the 2018 International Congress of Mathematicians. She is an alumna of the Global Young Academy

Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences
The Royal Swedish Academy of Engineering Sciences (Swedish: Kungliga Ingenjörsvetenskapsakademien, IVA), founded on 24 October 1919 by King Gustaf V, is one of the royal academies in Sweden. The academy is an independent organisation, which promotes contact and exchange between business, research, and government, in Sweden and internationally. It is the world's oldest academy of engineering sciences.(OECD Reviews of Innovation Policy: Sweden 2012).
Frederick Fox Riley
Frederick Fox Riley (17 August 1869 – 3 February 1934) was a British trade unionist and politician.

Born in Hinckley in Leicestershire, Riley worked for the Post Office and became involved in the Postal and Telegraph Clerks' Association, rising to become its acting general secretary.  He also became active in the Labour Party and stood unsuccessfully for the party in Leicester South at the 1918 general election and in the 1921 Bedford by-election.  He was successfully in winning election to Leicester City Council, on which he served for nine years.

At the 1923 general election, Riley stood for Stockton-on-Tees, but did not win, and again missed election in 1924, before finally taking the seat in 1929.  However, he lost the seat at the 1931 general election and died three years later.

Leicester City Council
Leicester City Council is the local authority for the city of Leicester, in the ceremonial county of Leicestershire, England. Leicester has had a council from medieval times, which has been reformed on numerous occasions. Since 1997 the council has been a unitary authority, being a district council which also performs the functions of a county council; it is independent from Leicestershire County Council.

The council consists of 54 councillors, overseen by a directly elected mayor. The council also appoints a ceremonial Lord Mayor who chairs council meetings; the directly elected mayor is termed the City Mayor to distinguish the post from the Lord Mayor. The council has been under Labour majority control since 2007, and the City Mayor has been Sir Peter Soulsby since 2011.

The council meets at Leicester Town Hall and has its main offices at City Hall on Charles Street.
Progressive People's Party (Ghana)
Progressive People's Party (PPP) (Akan: Kɔ anim ɔmanfo Apontow) is a political party in Ghana. It was formed in 2012 by Paa Kwesi Nduom, a businessman, politician and a former presidential candidate for the Convention People's Party during the 2008 general election. The PPP pulled 64,267 popular votes in the 2012 general elections with Papa Kwesi Nduom as a flagbearer and Brigitte Dzogbenuku as the running mate, making it the third-largest party and the second-largest opposition party in Ghana.

The party's National Head Office Building is located in Asylum Down, Accra. The motto of the party is "Prosperity in Peace" with "Awake" as slogan.

2008 Ghanaian general election
General elections were held in Ghana on 7 December 2008. Since no candidate received more than 50% of the votes, a run-off election was held on 28 December 2008 between the two candidates who received the most votes, Nana Akufo-Addo of the governing New Patriotic Party and John Atta Mills of the opposition National Democratic Congress. Mills was certified as the victor by a margin of less than one percent, winning the presidency on his third attempt. It is to date the closest election in Ghanaian history.
Antoine Dodson
Kevin Antoine Dodson (born June 27, 1986) is an American Internet celebrity, singer, and actor. In 2010, while a resident of the Lincoln Park housing project in Huntsville, Alabama, he gave an interview on local television news prompted by the report of an alleged home invasion and attempted rape of his sister. The interview became an Internet sensation and resulted in the "Bed Intruder Song", an Auto-Tuned song by The Gregory Brothers that sold more than a quarter million copies on iTunes and appeared on the Billboard Hot 100 list.

Auto-Tune
Auto-Tune is audio processor software released on September 19, 1997, by the American company Antares Audio Technologies. It uses a proprietary device to measure and correct pitch in music. It operates on different principles from the vocoder or talk box and produces different results. Auto-Tune can be used in both post-production music mixing and in real-time live performances.

Auto-Tune was initially intended to disguise or correct off-key inaccuracies, allowing vocal tracks to be perfectly tuned. Cher's 1998 song "Believe" popularized the use of Auto-Tune to deliberately distort vocals, a technique that became known as the "Cher effect". It has since been used by many artists in different genres, including Daft Punk, Radiohead, T-Pain and Kanye West. In 2018, the music critic Simon Reynolds felt that Auto-Tune had "revolutionized popular music", calling its use for effects "the fad that just wouldn't fade. Its use is now more entrenched than ever."
David Quinn (writer)
David Quinn is an American comic book writer, known for writing and co-creating Faust alongside artist Tim Vigil. The series's main storyline, Faust: Love of the Damned, was adapted by director Brian Yuzna as the 2001 film of the same name. A spin-off mini-series, Faust: Book of M, was nominated for the 1999 Bram Stoker Award for Best Illustrated Narrative.

Among other comic book work, Quinn has co-created and written 777: The Wrath as well as written runs on Marvel Comics's Doctor Strange and Chaos! Comics' Lady Death and Purgatori.

Doctor Strange (comic book)
Doctor Strange is a series of several comic book volumes featuring the character Doctor Strange and published by Marvel Comics, beginning with the original Doctor Strange comic book series that debuted in 1968.
Hamamatsu Domain
Hamamatsu Domain (浜松藩, Hamamatsu-han) was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, located in Tōtōmi Province. It was centered on what is now Hamamatsu Castle in what is now the city of Hamamatsu in Shizuoka Prefecture.

Hamamatsu was the residence of Tokugawa Ieyasu for much of his early career, and Hamamatsu Castle was nicknamed "Promotion Castle" (出世城, Shussei-jō) due to Ieyasu's promotion to shōgun. The domain was thus considered a prestigious posting, and was seen as a stepping stone in a daimyō's rise to higher levels with the administration of the Tokugawa shogunate, such rōjū or wakadoshiyori.

The domain had a population of 3324 samurai in 776 households at the start of the Meiji period. The domain maintained its primary residence (kamiyashiki) in Edo at Toranomon until the An'ei (1772–1781) period, and at Nihonbashi-Hamacho until the Meiji period

Wakadoshiyori
The Wakadoshiyori (若年寄), or "Junior Elders", were high government officials in the Edo period Japan under the Tokugawa shogunate (1603-1867). The position was established around 1633, but appointments were irregular until 1662.  The four to six wakadoshiyori were subordinates to the rōjū in status, but they ranked above the jisha-bugyō.  The served for a month at a time on a rotating basis and were selected from the ranks of the fudai daimyō. There were periods when the number of wakadoshiyori rose to 6 or 7 at one time.

The wakadoshiyori were tasked with supervising the direct vassals of the shōgun, namely the hatamoto  and gokenin using reports provided by the metsuke. They also oversaw the activities of artisans and physicians, organised and supervised public works projects and were in change of the shōgun's personal guards. In the event of war, the wakadoshiyori were theoretically to lead the hatamoto in battle.
Old Ship, Richmond
The Old Ship is a Grade II listed public house at 3 King Street, Richmond in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames. It was built in the 18th century, and the architect is not known. Prior to 1725 it was known as the Six Bells: it acquired its present name in the 1780s and  has been a Young's pub since 1860.

Young's
Young's (Young & Co.'s Brewery Plc) is a British pub chain operating nearly 280 pubs.

The company was founded as a brewery in 1831 by Charles Young and Anthony Bainbridge when they purchased the Ram Brewery in Wandsworth. The company closed the Ram Brewery in 2006, and the brewing operation was transferred to a new company, Wells & Young's Brewing Company Ltd, which was a joint brewing venture with Charles Wells Brewery. Young's held 40% of the shares in the new company until the sale of its stake to Charles Wells in 2011. There is a rolling contract for Young's to take beers produced by Wells & Young's and by Marston's after it took over the Eagle Brewery in Bedford, an operation now called Carlsberg Marston's Brewing Company. Until its closure in 2006, the company's Ram Brewery in Wandsworth was claimed to be Britain's oldest brewing site in continuous operation, with a history dating back to the 1550s when a Humphrey Langridge, "beer-brewer at Wandsworth", leased the Ram pub.
Christopher M. Cullen
Christopher M. Cullen, S.J. (born 1962) is an American philosopher and associate professor of philosophy at Fordham University. Cullen is known for his works on medieval philosophy. He is the editor-in-chief of International Philosophical Quarterly.

International Philosophical Quarterly
The International Philosophical Quarterly is a peer-reviewed academic journal edited by a group of academics at Fordham University, with the collaboration of the Université de Namur in Belgium. The journal was established in 1961 to provide a publishing forum for the international exchange of basic philosophical ideas. It is published by the Philosophy Documentation Center.
Golden snapper
Golden snapper is a common name for a number of fish:

Genus Centroberyx
Centroberyx affinis

Genus Pagrus
Pagrus auratus

Genus Lutjanus
Lutjanus inermis
Lutjanus johnii
Lutjanus mizenkoi

Genus Pristipomoides 
Pristipomoides multidens

Lutjanus johnii
Lutjanus johnii, the Golden snapper, John's snapper, big-scaled bream, fingermark bream, fingermark seaperch, John's sea-perch, or spotted-scale sea perch is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a snapper belonging to the family Lutjanidae. It is native to the western Pacific and Indian Oceans.
Cuisine of Brussels
Brussels cuisine is a regional form of Belgian cuisine known for specialities such as waffles, chocolate, French fries and a wide variety of beers. The Brussels sprout, long popular in the region and possibly originating there, also takes its name from the city.

The city’s gastronomy reflects both traditional Belgian fare and its cosmopolitan character, with nearly every national cuisine represented among its approximately 1,800 restaurants, including several Michelin-starred establishments. Notable dishes include moules-frites (mussels with fries), pralines first created by Jean Neuhaus II in 1912, and the spontaneously fermented lambic beers brewed in and around the Senne Valley and Pajottenland. Brussels is also recognised as the birthplace of the Belgian endive, developed in the mid-19th century at the city’s Botanical Garden.

Moules-frites
Moules-frites or moules et frites (French pronunciation: [mul.fʁit]]; Dutch: mosselen-friet) is a main dish of mussels and French fries originating in Northern France and Belgium. The name is French, moules meaning mussels and frites fries, with the Dutch name for the dish meaning the same. It is the national dish of Belgium.
Georgios Aresti
Giorgos Aresti (Greek: Γιώργος Αρέστη; born 2 September 1994 in Limassol) is a Cypriot professional football player who plays as a midfielder for Haringey Borough in the Isthmian League Premier Division.

He has previously played for AEK Athens, Glyfada FC, Enosis Neon Paralimni, Ayia Napa FC, Doxa Katokopias and Ethnikos Achna.

Isthmian League
The Isthmian League (/ˈɪs(θ)miən/) is a regional football league covering Greater London, East and South East England, featuring mostly semi-professional clubs. Together with the Southern Football League and the Northern Premier League it forms levels seven and eight of the English football league system.

Founded in 1905 by amateur clubs in the London area, the league now consists of 88 teams in four divisions: the Premier Division above its three feeder divisions, the North, South Central and South East divisions.
Together with the Southern League and the Northern Premier League, it forms the seventh and eighth levels of the English football league system. It has various regional feeder leagues and the league as a whole is a feeder league mainly to the National League South.
Birch Creek (Umatilla River tributary)
Birch Creek is a 16-mile (26 km) tributary of the Umatilla River in eastern Oregon in the United States. It rises at the confluence of East and West Birch creeks south of Pilot Rock, Oregon, at the base of the Blue Mountains and flows north, slightly west of the city of Pendleton. It enters the Umatilla River about 49 miles (79 km) from the larger stream's confluence with the Columbia River.

Birch Creek is one of the rivers that drain Oregon's northwestern corner of the Blue Mountains, flowing alongside industrial waste ponds, and over two minor impoundments before reaching the Umatilla River. Lands in the Birch Creek drainage are used for logging, grazing, dairy farming, and factory farming. Birch Creek is a source of phosphates and the resulting eutrophication of the Umatilla River.

Pendleton photographer Walter S. Bowman is believed to have been born by Birch Creek.

Peterson dam on the creek is supposed to be removed.

Dairy
A dairy is a place where milk is stored and where butter, cheese, and other dairy products are made, or a place where those products are sold.: 325 : 284  It may be a room, a building, or a larger establishment.: 284  In the United States, the word may also describe a dairy farm or the part of a mixed farm dedicated to milk for human consumption,: 284  whether from cows, buffaloes, goats, yaks, sheep, horses or camels.

The attributive dairy describes milk-based products, derivatives, and processes, and the animals and workers involved in their production, for example dairyman, dairymaid, dairy cattle or dairy goat. A dairy farm produces milk and a dairy factory processes it into a variety of dairy products. These establishments constitute the global dairy industry, part of the food industry.

The word dairy comes from an Old English word for female servant, as milking was historically done by dairymaids.
Heraclianus
Heraclianus (Ancient Greek: Ἡρακλειανὸς, Herakleianòs; died 7 March 413) was a provincial governor and a usurper of the Western Roman Empire (412–413) opposed to Emperor Honorius, who had originally brought him to power. Heraclianus helped put down a rebellion by Priscus Attalus. However, he decided to stage his own rebellion and during his invasion of the Italian peninsula, was either defeated in battle or captured and executed.

Hydatius
Hydatius, also spelled Idacius (c. 400 – c. 469) was a late Western Roman writer and clergyman. The bishop of Aquae Flaviae in the Roman province of Gallaecia (almost certainly the modern Chaves, Portugal, in the modern district of Vila Real), he was the author of a chronicle of his own times that provides us with our best evidence for the history of Hispania in the 5th century.
Bird (given name)
Bird is the given name of:

Bird Stein Gans (1868–1944), American educator involved in parent education

Bird Sim Coler (1867–1941), American Comptroller of Greater New York

Bird Segle McGuire (1865–1930), American politician

Bird Smith, a scouting leader in Malaysia in the 1920s and 1930s

Bird J. Vincent (1880–1931), American soldier and politician

Bird Stein Gans
Bird Stein Gans  (May 29, 1868 – December 29, 1944) was an American educator involved in parent education. Born in Allegheny City, Pennsylvania, she studied at Columbia University, the New School for Social Research, and New York University. She was founder and president of the Society for the Study of Child Nature from 1897 to 1938. She was a cousin to author Gertrude Stein.
Stigmella splendidissimella
Stigmella splendidissimella is a moth of the family Nepticulidae. It is found from Scandinavia to Italy and from Ireland to the Crimea. It is not found in the Iberian Peninsula and the Balkan Peninsula.

The wingspan is 4–6 millimetres (0.16–0.24 in). The thick erect hairs on the head vertex are black. The collar is black. The antennal eyecaps are white. The forewings are dark coppery-purple-brown with a suffused brassy or green basal patch; a straight shining pale golden or shiny silver fascia beyond middle. The hindwings are grey. External image

The larvae feed on Agrimonia, Fragaria, Filipendula, Geum urbanum, Potentilla anserina, Rubus caesius, Rubus fruticosus and Rubus idaeus. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Rubus caesius
Rubus caesius is a Eurasian species of dewberry, known as the European dewberry. Like other dewberries, it is a species of flowering plant in the rose family, related to the blackberry and raspberry. It is widely distributed across much of Eurasia.
Pulickel Ajayan
Pulickel Madhavapanicker Ajayan (P. M. Ajayan) is the Benjamin M. and Mary Greenwood Anderson Professor in Engineering at Rice University, Houston, Texas. He is a professor in the Materials Science and NanoEngineering Department and also holds joint appointments with the Department of Chemistry and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering. Prior to joining Rice, he was the Henry Burlage Professor of Material Sciences and Engineering at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, until 2007. He has contributed significantly to the field of nanotechnology over the past three decades of his academic career and is particularly known for his pioneering work in the early days of the discovery and development of carbon nanotubes.

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (/rɛnsəˈlɪər/ ren-sə-LEER; RPI) is a private research university in Troy, New York, United States. It is the oldest technological university in the English-speaking world and the Western Hemisphere. It was established in 1824 by Stephen Van Rensselaer and Amos Eaton for the "application of science to the common purposes of life".

Built on a hillside, RPI's 265-acre (107 ha) campus overlooks the city of Troy and the Hudson River. The institute operates an on‑campus business incubator and the 1,250-acre (510 ha) Rensselaer Technology Park.

RPI is organized into six main schools which contain 37 departments, with emphasis on science and technology. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities: Very High Research Activity".
Diaspidinae
Diaspidinae is the largest subfamily of Diaspididae (the largest family of scale insects), with more than 200 genera in two tribes.

Tribe Diaspidini
Subtribe Chionaspidina (cosmopolitan except South America, 48 genera)
Subtribe Diaspidina (cosmopolitan except Australasia, 13 genera)
Subtribe Fioriniina (almost exclusively Old World, 64 genera)

Tribe Lepidosaphidini (cosmopolitan, 103 genera)

Chionaspidina
Chionaspidina is a subtribe of armored scale insects established by Borchenius. But unlike many of the subtribes recognized by Borchenius, this one was found to be morphologically valid by Takagi. Similarly, in molecular analysis, Andersen et al. found a clade roughly corresponding to the subtribe Chionaspidina.

Geographical sampling and analysis indicated a number of unnamed species in the genus Chionaspis and by inference in the Chionaspidina.
Gründau (river)
The Gründau (German pronunciation: [ˈɡʁyːndaʊ]; in its upper course: Litterbach) is a river of Hesse, Germany. The Gründau rises as the Litterbach near Spielberg in the municipality of Brachttal. It flows into the Kinzig near Langenselbold.

Langenselbold
Langenselbold (German pronunciation: [laŋənˈzɛlbɔlt] ⓘ) is a town in the Main-Kinzig district, in Hesse, Germany. It is situated on the river Kinzig, 10 km east of Hanau. In 2009, the town hosted the 49th Hessentag state festival.
County Cavan Championships
The County Cavan Championships  was a men's and women's grass court tennis tournament founded in 1885 as the County Cavan Lawn Tennis Tournament. The tournament was organised by the County Cavan Lawn Tennis Club, and played at Cavan, Ireland. It was played annually until 1955.

Cavan
Cavan (/ˈkævən/ KAV-ən; Irish: An Cabhán, meaning 'the hollow') is the county town of County Cavan in Ireland. The town lies in Ulster, near the border with County Fermanagh in Northern Ireland. The town is bypassed by the main N3 road that links Dublin (to the south) with Enniskillen, Ballyshannon and Donegal Town (to the north).
Sterculia cochinchinensis
Sterculia cochinchinensis is a tree species belonging to the genus Sterculia in the family Malvaceae.  The name is unresolved according to The Plant List.  This species is found in Laos and Vietnam (where it is known as trôm nam [sảng]) and there are no subspecies listed in the Catalogue of Life.

Catalogue of Life
The Catalogue of Life (CoL) is an online database that provides an index of known species of animals, plants, fungi, and microorganisms. It was created in 2001 as a partnership between the global Species 2000 and the American Integrated Taxonomic Information System. The Catalogue is used by research scientists, citizen scientists, educators, and policy makers. The Catalogue is also used by the Biodiversity Heritage Library, the Barcode of Life Data System, Encyclopedia of Life, and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility. The Catalogue currently compiles data from 165 peer-reviewed taxonomic databases that are maintained by specialist institutions around the world. As of September 2022, the COL Checklist lists 2,067,951 of the world's 2.2m extant species known to taxonomists on the planet at present time.
Keelara
Keelara  is a village in the southern state of Karnataka, India. It is located in the Mandya taluk of Mandya district. The village is around 10 km from Mandya city and 96 km from the capital city of Karnataka via NH-275.

Mandya district
Mandya district is an administrative district of Karnataka, India. The district Mandya was carved out of larger Mysore district in the year 1939.

Mandya is the main town in Mandya district. As of 2011, the district population was 1,808,680 (of which 16.03% was urban).