hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mount Kembar
Mount Kembar (Indonesian: Gunung Kembar, means: Twin Mountain) is a Pleistocene volcano, located in the northern Sumatra island, Indonesia. It contains a fumarole field, named Gayolesten. The volcanic complex is located in the junction of two geological fault systems and it is a shield volcano.

Shield volcano
A shield volcano is a type of volcano named for its low profile, resembling a shield lying on the ground. It is formed by the eruption of highly fluid (low viscosity) lava, which travels farther and forms thinner flows than the more viscous lava erupted from a stratovolcano. Repeated eruptions result in the steady accumulation of broad sheets of lava, building up the shield volcano's distinctive form.

Shield volcanoes are found wherever fluid, low-silica lava reaches the surface of a rocky planet. However, they are most characteristic of ocean island volcanism associated with hot spots or with continental rift volcanism. They include the largest active volcanoes on Earth, such as Mauna Loa. Giant shield volcanoes are found on other planets of the Solar System, including Olympus Mons on Mars and Sapas Mons on Venus.
Rafael Primorac
Rafael Primorac (born 11 May 1954) is a Croatian film producer, who lives and works in the United States. He studied film at the Academy of Dramatic Art, University of Zagreb, Croatia. Primorac entered the world of film production in 1975 as a PA in Cross of Iron, directed by the legendary Sam Peckinpah, starring James Coburn. He, later, worked for Jadran Film in Zagreb as a Location Manager, First AD, Production Manager, Line Producer and Head of International Co-productions. Primorac moved to Los Angeles in 1986 and worked in production and distribution. He produced Quicksand starring Michael Dudikoff and Giallo starring Adrien Brody. With his company Arramis Films, he produced Ultimate Force starring Mirko Filipović, Game of Death starring Wesley Snipes, Mysteria starring Billy Zane, Danny Glover and Martin Landau, as well as Perfect Weapon with Steven Seagal, Kill 'Em All with Jean-Claude Van Damme, and Seized with Scott Adkins.

Kill 'Em All (film)
Kill 'Em All is a 2017 American direct-to-video action film directed by Peter Malota, and starring Jean-Claude Van Damme, Autumn Reeser and Peter Stormare. A sequel titled Kill 'Em All 2 was released direct-to-video on September 24, 2024.
Advanced Mobile Phone Service
Advanced Mobile Phone Service, Inc. was a subsidiary of AT&T prior to the Bell System Divestiture. Abbreviated AMPS, the company was created in 1978 to build and operate the new Advanced Mobile Phone System, also abbreviated AMPS. AMPS was developed by Bell Labs to replace older, severely limited radiophone services, such as IMTS.

AMPS was one of first providers of cellular phone service, starting in Chicago on October 13, 1983, and in the Washington, D.C., area December 1983. After divestiture, AMPS was divided among the 7 newly created Regional Holding Companies, now known as RBOCs:

NYNEX Mobile Communications

Bell Atlantic Mobile Systems

Ameritech Mobile Communications

BellSouth Mobility

PacTel Mobile Access

Southwestern Bell Mobile Systems

U S West NewVector

Radiotelephone
A radiotelephone (or radiophone), abbreviated RT, is a radio communication system for conducting a conversation; radiotelephony means telephony by radio. It is in contrast to radiotelegraphy, which is radio transmission of telegrams (messages), or television, transmission of moving pictures and sound.  The term is related to radio broadcasting, which transmit audio one way to listeners. Radiotelephony refers specifically to two-way radio systems for bidirectional person-to-person voice communication between separated users, such as CB radio or marine radio. In spite of the name, radiotelephony systems are not necessarily connected to or have anything to do with the telephone network, and in some radio services, including GMRS, interconnection is prohibited.
Linear separability
In Euclidean geometry, linear separability is a property of two sets of points. This is most easily visualized in two dimensions (the Euclidean plane) by thinking of one set of points as being colored blue and the other set of points as being colored red. These two sets are linearly separable if there exists at least one line in the plane with all of the blue points on one side of the line and all the red points on the other side. This idea immediately generalizes to higher-dimensional Euclidean spaces if the line is replaced by a hyperplane.

The problem of determining if a pair of sets is linearly separable and finding a separating hyperplane if they are, arises in several areas.  In statistics and machine learning, classifying certain types of data is a problem for which good algorithms exist that are based on this concept.

Euclidean plane
In mathematics, a Euclidean plane is a Euclidean space of dimension two, denoted  or . It is a geometric space in which two real numbers are required to determine the position of each point. It is an affine space, which includes in particular the concept of parallel lines. It has also metrical properties induced by a distance, which allows to define circles, and angle measurement.

A Euclidean plane with a chosen Cartesian coordinate system is called a Cartesian plane.
The set  of the ordered pairs of real numbers (the real coordinate plane), equipped with the dot product, is often called the Euclidean plane or standard Euclidean plane, since every Euclidean plane is isomorphic to it.
Fucus radicans
Fucus radicans is a species of brown algae in the family Fucaceae, endemic to and recently evolved within the Baltic Sea. The species was first described by Lena Bergström and Lena Kautsky in 2005 from a location in Ångermanland, Sweden.  The specific epithet is from the Latin and means "rooting", referring to the fact that this species primarily reproduces by the taking root of detached fragments.

Fucus radicans seems to have diverged from the closely related and widely distributed Fucus vesiculosus within about the last 400 years. It often reproduces clonally, which may have helped its rapid emergence as a new species. Genetic analysis supports the hypothesis of the recent divergence of Fucus radicans from Fucus vesiculosus as an example of sympatric speciation, with the two species presently occupying the same semi-marine territory.

Ångermanland
Ångermanland (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈɔ̂ŋːɛrmanˌland] or [ˈɔ̌ŋːɛrmanland] ⓘ) is a historical province (landskap) in the northern part of Sweden. It is bordered (clockwise from the north) by Swedish Lapland, Västerbotten, the Gulf of Bothnia, Medelpad and Jämtland.

The name is derived from the Old Norse anger, which means "deep fjord" and is a reference to the deep mouth of the Ångerman River (Ångermanälven). The Latin name of the province is Angermannia.
Artec
Artec Consultants Inc, is an acoustics design and theater planning firm located in New York City.  The company was founded by Frederick Russell Johnson in 1970.  In 2013, Artec was integrated into the acoustic design and theater consulting practice Arup Group.

Artec has done the acoustics design and theater planning for over 140 projects worldwide including the Esplanade – Theatres on the Bay, Salle Pleyel renovation in Paris, France, the Mariinsky II Opera House Basic Design for Valery Gergiev, Kravis Center for the Performing Arts, Jazz at Lincoln Center, New Jersey Performing Arts Center, Pikes Peak Center, the Montreal Symphony House, Centre in the Square, Chan Centre for the Performing Arts and acoustical upgrade of the Roy Thomson Hall.

The New York firm has been referred to as the field-leader in acoustic design, and Time called their design of the Esplanade complex in Singapore "one of the best anywhere".

Centre In The Square
Centre In The Square is a live theatre and performing arts centre located on Queen Street in downtown Kitchener, Ontario, Canada.

The centre is home to the Raffi Armenian Theatre. This 2,047 seat hall is the largest in Waterloo Region as well as the main venue for Kitchener-Waterloo Symphony performances. The Studio Theatre is the second performing space inside the building. It is a multipurpose space used for receptions, rehearsals, and intimate cabaret-style performances. Nearly 200,000 patrons visit The Centre annually.

The Kitchener-Waterloo Art Gallery also resides within Centre In The Square and maintains separate administrative offices.
Mathew Wollmann
Mathew Wollmann is an American politician who served in the South Dakota House of Representatives from the 8th district from 2015 to 2017.

He resigned on January 23, 2017, after admitting to having sex with two House interns.

South Dakota House of Representatives
The South Dakota House of Representatives is the lower house of the South Dakota Legislature. It consists of 70 members, two from each legislative district. Two of the state's 35 legislative districts, Districts 26 and 28, are each subdivided into two single-member districts (26A/26B and 28A/28B). The South Dakota House of Representatives meets at the South Dakota State Capitol in Pierre.
2010 Kagawa gubernatorial election
A gubernatorial election was held on 29 August 2010 to elect the next governor of Kagawa (石川県, Kagawa-ken), a prefecture of Japan located in the north of the Shikoku island.

Takeki Manabe, 70, incumbent since 1998, former public servant, was not seeking reelection.

Kagawa Prefecture
Kagawa Prefecture (香川県, Kagawa-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [kaꜜ.ɡa.wa, -ŋa.wa, ka.ɡa.waꜜ.keɴ, -ŋa.waꜜ-]) is a prefecture of Japan located on the island of Shikoku. Kagawa Prefecture has a population of 949,358 (as of 2020) and is the smallest prefecture by geographic area at 1,877 square kilometres (725 sq mi). Kagawa Prefecture borders Ehime Prefecture to the southwest and Tokushima Prefecture to the south.

Takamatsu is the capital and largest city of Kagawa Prefecture, with other major cities including Marugame, Mitoyo, and Kan'onji. Kagawa Prefecture is located on the Seto Inland Sea across from Okayama Prefecture on the island of Honshu, which is connected by the Great Seto Bridge. Kagawa Prefecture includes Shōdoshima, the second-largest island in the Seto Inland Sea, and the prefecture's southern land border with Tokushima Prefecture is formed by the Sanuki Mountains.
Dendropsophus decipiens
Dendropsophus decipiens is a species of frog in the family Hylidae. It is endemic to eastern  Brazil between the Pernambuco and Rio de Janeiro states, or following IUCN, between the Maranhão and São Paulo states. It is also known as Brazilian coastal treefrog.

Dendropsophus decipiens is a very common species occurring in a wide range of habitats, such as open areas (pastures, grassland, and savanna), primary and secondary forests, and coastal restinga scrubland, at elevations up to 1,000 m (3,300 ft) above sea level. Typically, it is found on vegetation near water. The eggs are laid on tree leaves above bodies of water (both temporary and permanent); the tadpoles fall into the water where they continue to develop. It is a very adaptable species that does not face any known threats and that occurs in many protected areas.

Restinga
Restingas (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʁesˈtʃĩɡɐ]) are a distinct type of coastal tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forest in eastern Brazil. They form on sandy, acidic, and nutrient-poor soils, and are characterized by medium-sized trees and shrubs adapted to the drier and nutrient-poor conditions. One of the most notable restingas is the Restinga da Marambaia (in Rio de Janeiro), which is owned and kept by the Brazilian Army.
John White (minister)
John White CH (1867–1951) was a minister of the Church of Scotland. He served as Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland in 1925 and again at the reunion Assembly of 1929. White was one of the most influential figures in the Church of Scotland during the early decades of the 20th century, though his influence waned later in his life and he appeared increasingly isolated and anachronistic.

United Free Church of Scotland
The United Free Church of Scotland (UF Church; Scottish Gaelic: An Eaglais Shaor Aonaichte, Scots: The Unitit Free Kirk o Scotland) is a Scottish Presbyterian denomination formed in 1900 by the union of the United Presbyterian Church of Scotland (or UP) and the majority of the 19th-century Free Church of Scotland.  The majority of the United Free Church of Scotland united with the Church of Scotland in 1929.
Ike Davis (shortstop)
Isaac Marion Davis (June 14, 1895 – April 2, 1984) was a Major League Baseball shortstop.

Davis played all or part of three seasons in the majors: 1919 for the Washington Senators, and 1924-1925 for the Chicago White Sox. He was the White Sox' starting shortstop in 1925, playing in 146 games and batting .240, but did he not play in the majors again. He was shipped to the Portland Beavers prior to the 1928 season as part of a trade for Bill Cissell.

Portland Beavers
The Portland Beavers was the name of separate minor league baseball teams, which represented Portland, Oregon, in the Pacific Coast League (PCL). The team was established in 1903, the first year of the PCL.
Eolianite
Eolianite or aeolianite is any rock formed by the lithification of sediment deposited by aeolian processes; that is, the wind. In common use, however, the term refers specifically to the most common form of eolianite: coastal limestone consisting of carbonate sediment of shallow marine biogenic origin, formed into coastal dunes by the wind, and subsequently lithified. It is also known as kurkar in the Middle East, miliolite in India and Arabia, and grès dunaire in the eastern Mediterranean. eolianite has a hardness of 4.3 and is very dull. Streak is light brown.

Aeolian processes
Aeolian processes, also spelled eoulian, pertain to wind activity in the study of geology and weather and specifically to the wind's ability to shape the surface of the Earth (or other planets).  Winds may erode, transport, and deposit materials. They are effective agents in regions with sparse vegetation, a lack of soil moisture and a large supply of unconsolidated sediments. Although water is a much more powerful eroding force than wind, aeolian processes are important in arid environments such as deserts.

The term is derived from the name of the Greek god Aeolus, the keeper of the winds.
Plain-backed thrush
Plain-backed thrush is a common name for a broad species concept of Zoothera Mollissima. The bird has been split into the following species:

Alpine thrush, Zoothera Mollissima

Sichuan thrush, Zoothera Griseiceps

Himalayan thrush, Zoothera Salimalii

Sichuan thrush
The Sichuan thrush or Sichuan forest thrush (Zoothera griseiceps) is a species of bird in the thrush family. It breeds in central China and winters in northern Vietnam. The Sichuan thrush was formerly considered as conspecific with the alpine thrush and the Himalayan thrush as the plain-backed thrush until split in 2016.
Miss South Africa 2010
Miss South Africa 2010 was held on 12 December 2010 in Sun City, South Africa. The winner will represent South Africa at Miss Universe 2011 and Miss World 2011. Twelve contestants competed for the crown. Bokang Montjane was crowned Miss South Africa 2010 by the outgoing title holder Nicole Flint from Pretoria.

Sun City (South Africa)
Sun City is a luxury resort and casino, situated in the North West Province of South Africa. It is located between the Elands River and the Pilanesberg, built on the land of Bakubung Village (known as Ledig) about 140 km (90 miles) northwest of Johannesburg, near the city of Rustenburg. The complex borders the Pilanesberg National Park. It is made up of a number of themed sub-resorts with hotels on each, including the original Sun City Resort, The Cabanas, The Cascades and the Lost City (The Palace).
Osaka University of Foreign Studies
Osaka University of Foreign Studies (大阪外国語大学, Ōsaka gaikokugo daigaku), abbreviated to OUFS or Ōsaka Gaidai (大阪外大), Hangaidai (阪外大), Hangai (阪外) or Daigaidai (大外大), was one of Japan's only two national universities specialized in foreign studies, along with Tokyo University of Foreign Studies. It was dedicated to area studies and the study of foreign languages and their related cultures. In October 2007, OUFS was consolidated with the University of Osaka to become the University of Osaka School of Foreign Studies.

National university
A national university is mainly a university created or managed by a government, but which may also at the same time operate autonomously without direct control by the state. In the United States, the term "national university" connotes the highest institutional level in education, differing in meaning from a "federally-chartered university." Globally, some national universities are associated with national cultural or political aspirations.
For example, the National University of Ireland during the early days of Irish independence collected a large amount of information about the Irish language and Irish culture. In Argentina, the national universities are the result of the 1918 Argentine university reform and subsequent reforms, which were intended to provide a secular university system without direct clerical or government influence by bestowing self-government on the institutions.
Tighvein
Tighvein (Scottish Gaelic: Taobh Bheinn) is a hill above Lamlash on the Isle of Arran in western Scotland. It is a Marilyn (a hill with topographic prominence of at least 150m) and the highest point on the south-eastern section of the island, south-east of the pass of Monamore Glen. Two miles from the nearest road, the top is a heathery, boggy moor, almost entirely ringed by thick forestry plantations. It is rarely climbed as there are no paths to the top.

Topographic prominence
In topography, prominence (also referred to as autonomous height, and shoulder drop in US English, and drop in British English) is the relative height of a mountain or hill's summit relative to the lowest contour line encircling it but containing no higher summit within it. It is a measure of the independence of a summit. The key col ("saddle") around the peak is a unique point on this contour line and the parent peak (if any) is some higher mountain, selected according to various criteria.
Marshalltown, Nova Scotia
Marshalltown is a community in the Canadian province of Nova Scotia, located just west of Digby. There was once an almshouse and poor farm. Marshalltown was the birthplace of Samuel Ogden Edison Jr, father of Thomas Edison (1847-1931), and it was also the home of folk artist Maud Lewis (1903-1970) from 1938 until her death. Her small decorated house is preserved at the Art Gallery of Nova Scotia in Halifax while a steel memorial sculpture inspired by the house has been erected at the original site in Marshalltown. A replica of the house and interior is located a few kilometres north of Marshalltown on the road to Digby Neck.

Art Gallery of Nova Scotia
The Art Gallery of Nova Scotia (AGNS) is a public provincial art museum based in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. The art museum's primary building complex is located in downtown Halifax and takes up approximately 6,200 square metres (67,000 sq ft) of space. The museum complex comprises the former Dominion building and two floors of the adjacent Provincial building.

The museum was established in 1908 as the Nova Scotia Museum of Fine Arts and was renamed the Art Gallery of Nova Scotia in 1975. The museum moved into the Dominion building in 1988 and expanded the museum complex in 1998.

The museum's permanent collection has over 18,000 works by Nova Scotian, Canadian, and international artists. Its collection is exhibited in its main location in Halifax as well as its satellite branch in Yarmouth. In addition to exhibiting works from its permanent collection, the museum has also organized and hosted a number of travelling arts exhibitions.
Termessa xanthomelas
Termessa xanthomelas is a moth in the subfamily Arctiinae. It was described by Oswald Bertram Lower in 1892. It is found in Australia, where it has been recorded from the Australian Capital Territory, New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia and Victoria.

Arctiinae
The Arctiinae (formerly called the family Arctiidae) are a large and diverse subfamily of moths with around 11,000 species found all over the world, including 6,000 neotropical species. This subfamily includes the groups commonly known as tiger moths (or tigers), which usually have bright colours, footmen, which are usually much drabber, lichen moths, and wasp moths. Many species have "hairy" caterpillars that are popularly known as woolly bears or woolly worms. The scientific name Arctiinae refers to this hairiness (Gk. αρκτος = a bear). Some species within the Arctiinae have the word "tussock"' in their common names because they have been misidentified as members of the Lymantriinae subfamily based on the characteristics of the larvae.
Defense of Schwedt Bridgehead
The defense of the Schwedt bridgehead was a German 3rd Panzer Army operation on the Eastern Front during the final months of World War II. German forces, commanded by Otto Skorzeny, were ordered to prepare to conduct a counter-offensive. However they were forced to hold a bridgehead against expected numerically superior forces of the Soviet 2nd Belorussian Front (Marshal Konstantin Rokossovsky) for 31 days. Their position was largely ignored during the Red Army's Cottbus–Potsdam Offensive Operation which breached German defenses at Gartz to the north of Schwedt. This was unexpected because it required the Red Army to cross the Randowbruch Swamp that lay between the Oder and Randow rivers.

Gartz
Gartz (German pronunciation: [ɡaʁts] ⓘ) is a border town in the Uckermark district in Brandenburg, in north-eastern Germany. It is located on the West bank of the Oder River, on the border with Poland, about 20 kilometres (12 mi) south of Szczecin, Poland. It is located within the historic region of Western Pomerania.
Willy Fleckhaus
Wilhelm August Fleckhaus (21 December 1925 – 12 September 1983) was a German designer and art director, perhaps best known as art director of Twen magazine throughout its 1959 to 1970 existence. He was a prolific designer of book covers.

Fleckhaus was born in 1925 in Velbert, Germany.

He died of a heart attack at his home in Tuscany, Italy on 12 September 1983.

Velbert
Velbert (German pronunciation: [ˈfɛlbɐt] ⓘ, Low Rhenish: Vèlbed) is a town in the district of Mettmann, in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The town is renowned worldwide for the production of locks and fittings.
Dubravlag
The Dubravny Camp, Special Camp No.3 (Дубравный лагерь, Особый лагерь № 3), commonly known as the Dubravlag (Russian: Дубравлаг), was a Gulag labor camp of the Soviet Union located in Yavas, Mordovia from 1948 to 2005.

The Dubravlag was founded as one of several Gulag special camps in the Mordovian ASSR for political prisoners with a large population of Soviet dissidents. The Dubravlag became a corrective labor camp (ITL) in 1954 and part of the regular Soviet penitentiary system after the Gulag system was dissolved in 1960. The Dubravlag was operated by Russia after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 until it was converted into a prison of the Federal Penitentiary Service in 2005.

Labor camp
A labor camp (or labour camp, see spelling differences) or work camp is a detention facility where inmates are forced to engage in penal labor as a form of punishment. Labor camps have many common aspects with slavery and with prisons (especially prison farms). Conditions at labor camps vary widely depending on the operators. Convention no. 105 of the United Nations International Labour Organization (ILO), adopted internationally on 27 June 1957, intended to abolish camps of forced labor.

In the 20th century, a new category of labor camps developed for the imprisonment of millions of people who were not criminals per se, but political opponents (real or imagined) and various so-called undesirables under communist and fascist regimes.