hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Goge Africa
Goge Africa (GA) is a pan-African tourism and cultural programme, which was founded in the year 1999. It was conceptualized and anchored by a Nigerian couple, Isaac and Nneka Moses. The program is watched by over 40millions television (TV) viewers across the globe.

On 1 October 1999, GA premiered on Nigerian TV;African Independent Television (AIT), Nigerian Television Authority (NTA) Channel 10, and Degue Broadcasting Network (DBN).It was later aired on MNET AFRICA MAGIC.

The recording of GA started in Nigeria and moved to Benin Republic, South Africa and Egypt with the plan to cover all countries in Africa. The show was established to showcase the richness of African culture, dance, food, clothes and tourism.

In the year 2016, the Nigerian Broadcasters Merit award (NBMA) inducted the two presenters of the program into Nigerian Broadcasters Hall of Fame. In 2005, the organization launched GA foundation with the aim of mentoring Nigerian youths.

Degue Broadcasting Network
Degue Broadcasting Network (DBN) a.k.a. DBN Television was incorporated in Nigeria in 1986 by Mr. Osa Sonny Adun and started its broadcasting in 1995 a year before the Nigerian Government deregulated the broadcast media.
Arbore
Arbore (German: Deutsch-Arbora or Arbora) is a commune located in Suceava County, Bukovina, northeastern Romania. It is composed of three villages: namely Arbore, Bodnăreni, and Clit (German: Glitt).

The commune is located in the central-north part of the county, 37 km (23 mi) northwest of the county seat, Suceava. It lies on the banks of the river Solca, whose tributary, the Saca, flows into the Solca in Arbore.

Solca (river)
The Solca (in its upper course also: Solcuța) is a right tributary of the river Suceava in Romania. It discharges into the Suceava in Gura Solcii. Its length is 34 km (21 mi) and its basin size is 165 km2 (64 sq mi).
Backpacking with animals
Pack animals, such as the horse, llama, goat, dog, and donkey, are sometimes used to help carry the weight of a backpackers gear during an excursion. These animals need special considerations when accompanying backpackers on a trip. Some areas restrict the use of horses and other pack animals. For example, Great Basin National Park does not allow domestic animals at all in backcountry areas.

Like their human counterparts, pack animals require special backpacking gear like a variety of leads, harnesses, and panniers or packs. Dog packs are widely available in outdoor sporting goods stores. Predators can be attracted to pack animals, so caution is necessary when bringing domesticated animals into backcountry areas. Some trails have permanent corrals that specifically cater to large pack animals.

Lead (tack)
A lead, lead line or lead rope (US & UK) is used to lead an animal such as a horse.  Usually, it is attached to a halter.  The lead may be integral to the halter or, more often, separate.  When separate, it is attached  to the halter with a heavy clip or snap so that it can be added or removed as needed.   A related term, lead shank or lead chain refers to a lead line with a chain attached that is used in a variety of ways to safely control possibly difficult or dangerous horses if they will not respond to a regular lead.
Miss Indonesia 2020
Miss Indonesia 2020, the 16th edition of the Miss Indonesia pageant, was held on February 20, 2020 at MNC Studio, Kebon Jeruk, Jakarta. Princess Megonondo of Jambi  crowned her successor, Pricilia Carla Yules of South Sulawesi at the end of the event. She represented Indonesia at Miss World 2021 where she placed in the Top 6. Miss World 2019, Toni-Ann Singh of Jamaica attended the awarding night.

Princess Megonondo
Princess Mikhaelia Audrey Megonondo (Indonesian: [meg'o'nond'o']; born 30 August 2000) is an Indonesian commercial model and a beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss Indonesia 2019 on 15 February 2019. She represented Indonesia at the Miss World 2019 pageant on 14 December 2019, held at ExCeL London, UK, where she was placed in the top 40.
Dannii (album)
Dannii is the original debut album by the Australian singer Dannii Minogue. It was released by Mushroom Records in October 1990 for the Australian market only. The album was released in Japan by Alpha Records in April 1991 for the Japanese market under the title Party Jam, and later released in the European and again in the Japan market with a slightly altered track listing, and entitled Love and Kisses.

Mushroom Records
Mushroom Records was an Australian flagship record label, founded in 1972 in Melbourne. It published and distributed many successful Australian artists and expanded internationally, until it was merged with Festival Records in 1998. Festival Mushroom Records was later acquired by Warner Bros. Records, which operated the label from 2005 to 2010 before merging the label's catalogue with its own. Founder Michael Gudinski went on to become the leader of the Mushroom Group, the largest independent music and entertainment company in Australia, with divisions such as Frontier Touring.
Richard Herz
Richard Herz (21 July 1867 – 18 November 1936) was a German chemist. He discovered the Herz reaction.

He studied chemistry at the University of Heidelberg, at the Technische Hochschule in Berlin (now Technische Universität Berlin) and at the University of Berlin, and earned his PhD in 1891. From 1892 he was employed by the Leonhardt und Co. Works in Mühlheim am Main and in 1895 he joined a British firm, Levinstein, in Manchester. He was recruited by Cassella in 1899, and played a key role in the company's development of sulfur dyes. He received power of procuration in 1918 and became deputy director in 1925. He retired in 1931.

Technische Hochschule
A Technische Hochschule (German: [ˌtɛçnɪʃə ˈhoːxˌʃuːlə], plural: Technische Hochschulen, abbreviated TH) is a type of university focusing on engineering sciences in Germany. Previously, it also existed in Austria, Switzerland, the Netherlands (Technische Hogeschool), and Finland (teknillinen korkeakoulu, teknisk högskola). In the 1970s (in Germany) and the 1980s (in the Netherlands), the Technische Hochschule emerged into the Technische Universität (German) or Technische Universiteit (Dutch). Since 2009, several German universities of applied sciences were renamed as Technische Hochschulen.
Nikulás Ottenson
Nikulás Ottenson (born Nikulás Össursson 18 November 1867 at Hvallátrar near Látrabjarg in Rauðasandshreppur on Barðaströnd; died 15 August 1955, Gysler Nursing Home, Winnipeg, Canada) was an Icelandic scholar who spent most of his life in Canada. His book collection is now the Nikulás Ottenson Collection of Icelandic Books and Manuscripts, Special Collections, Milton S. Eisenhower Library, The Johns Hopkins University.

Látrabjarg
Látrabjarg (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈlauːtraˌpjark]) is a promontory in the Westfjords of Iceland, and the westernmost point in Iceland. The cliffs are home to millions of birds, including  puffins, northern gannets, guillemots and razorbills. It is vital for their survival as it hosts up to 40% of the world population for some species such as the razorbill. It is Europe's largest bird cliff, 14 km long and up to 440 m high. In 2026 a solar eclipse will be visible at Látrabjarg.
Electoral district of Port Pirie
Port Pirie was an electoral district of the House of Assembly in the Australian state of South Australia from 1915 to 1970.

Port Pirie was abolished after a boundary redistribution in 1970 when the Electoral district of Pirie was created.  The last member for Port Pirie, David McKee transferred to Pirie.

The town of Port Pirie is currently located in the seat of Frome.

Electoral districts of South Australia
Since 1970, the South Australian House of Assembly — the lower house of the Parliament of South Australia — has consisted of 47 single-member electoral districts consisting of approximately the same number of enrolled voters. The district boundaries are regulated by the State Electoral Office, according to the requirements of the South Australian Constitution and are subject to mandatory redistributions by the South Australian Electoral Districts Boundaries Commission in order to respond to changing demographics.
Ouvrage Plan Caval
Ouvrage Plan Caval is a lesser work (petit ouvrage) of the Maginot Line's Alpine extension, the Alpine Line, also known as the Little Maginot Line.  The ouvrage consists of two infantry blocks and one observation block facing Italy. The ouvrage is located on the heights of L'Authion, surrounded by older fortifications. Three additional blocks were planned to make it a gros ouvrage but were not built. Cost for the full ensemble was estimated at 23 million francs.

The ouvrage consists of three blocks facing Italy at an altitude of 1,870 metres (6,140 ft). The ouvrage was manned by 287 soldiers in 1940, under the command of Captain Philipp. Plan-Caval was located to control the Maglia and Cayros valleys, as well as providing flanking cover the La Béole and Saint-Véran. An extensive set of underground barracks and magazines near the uncompleted entrances was never started, so that the ouvrage as constructed consists mostly of a single narrow gallery connecting the combat blocks.

GFM cloche
The GFM cloche was one of the most common defensive armaments on the Maginot Line.  A cloche (bell) was a fixed and non-retractable firing position made of a thick iron casting which shielded its occupant. By comparison, turrets could be rotated and sometimes lowered so that only the top shell was exposed.

GFM is an acronym for Guetteur et Fusil-Mitrailleur (lookout and rifle-machine-gunner), which describes its purpose as a lookout and firing position for light weapons. Most of the bunkers or blocks in a Maginot Line ouvrage were fitted with several fixed armoured cupolas or cloches. The cupolas were designed to allow the soldiers to perform reconnaissance or repel an attack with an absolute maximum of cover, from inside the bunker. The armament of each cloche varied significantly, but were typically equipped with some combination of:

Light machine guns or automatic rifles

Vision blocks

Mounted binoculars

A periscope (located on the top of the bell)

A 50 mm mortar
DIMMID
DIMMID, Dialogue Interreligieux Monastique - Monastic Interreligious Dialogue (DIM·MID), is a movement within the Benedictine and Cistercian order aimed to promote interfaith dialogue between monastic communities of different religions. Created in 1977, the movement approaches this aim through a mutual understanding and experience of each other's spirituality.

Abbey of Our Lady of Atlas
The Abbey of Our Lady of Atlas (Arabic: دير سيدة الأطلس; French: Abbaye Notre-Dame de l'Atlas) is a Catholic monastery of Trappists, inaugurated on March 7, 1938, in Tibhirine, close to Médéa, in Algeria.

The abbey became more known in 1996, when seven monks were kidnapped from the monastery, during the Algerian Civil War, and were killed. The film Of Gods and Men, released in 2010, tells the events that led to their deaths.
Francesco Pavona
Francesco Pavona  (c. 1695, Udine – c. 1777, Venice) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period. He was peripatetic, and became best known throughout Europe for pastel portraits, similar in style to Rosalba Carriera.

Pavona first studied in Udine with the pastel painter Carneo, then moved to Bologna to work with Giovanni Gioseffo dal Sole, and afterwards studied at Milan, and thence proceeded to Genoa; next Spain, Portugal, and Germany. He married and kept a family at Dresden, where he painted for the court. He returned to Bologna, but left in the course of a few years for Venice, where he was one of the founding professors of the Accademia di Belle Arti of Venice. He died shortly afterwards.

Cupid comforts the wounded Venus

Portrait of Prosecutor Mocenigo - Pastel - Palazzo Mocenigo in Venice

Venus (mythology)
Venus (/ˈviːnəs/; Classical Latin: [ˈwɛnʊs]) is a Roman goddess whose functions encompass love, beauty, desire, sex, fertility, prosperity, and victory. In Roman mythology, she was the ancestor of the Roman people through her son, Aeneas, who survived the fall of Troy and fled to Italy. Julius Caesar claimed her as his ancestor. Venus was central to many religious festivals, and was revered in Roman religion under numerous cult titles.

The Romans adapted the myths and iconography of her Greek counterpart Aphrodite for Roman art and Latin literature. In the later classical tradition of the West, Venus became one of the most widely referenced deities of Greco-Roman mythology as the embodiment of love and sexuality. As such, she is usually depicted nude.
Melouseia
Melouseia (Greek: Μελούσεια; Turkish: Kırıkkale) is a village in the Larnaca District of Cyprus, about 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) east of Athienou. It is one of four villages in the district under the de facto control of Northern Cyprus, the other three being Arsos, Pergamos and Tremetousia.

Athienou
Athienou (Greek: Αθηένου or Αθηαίνου, locally [aθiˈenu]) is a village in Larnaca District, Cyprus. It is one of only four villages located within the United Nations Buffer Zone, the other three being: Pyla, Troulloi and Deneia. Today, Athienou has a population of around 10,000
people. Since 1990, it has been home to Davidson College's Athienou Archaeological Project. The town's city hall includes a museum of local history and culture that was established in 2008.
Celestiial
Celestiial is a funeral doom metal band from Minnesota. Initially consisting only of Tanner R. Anderson (vocals, harp, guitars), the band was later joined by Jason William Walton (bass) and Timothy Glenn (percussion). Celestiial is known for using numerous instruments in its music, combining traditional folk instruments with those more typically used in metal music, as well as sampling the sounds of the natural world. Celestiial's music is intended to evoke images of the natural world.

After producing a demo, Ashen (2004), Celestiial was signed to Bindrune Recordings. Through Bindrune, Celestiial released Desolate North (2006, rereleased by Handmade Birds in 2011) and Where Life Springs Eternal (2010), as well as a split album, Celestiial / Blood of the Black Owl (2008).

Split album
A split album (or split) is a music album that includes tracks by two or more separate artists. Split albums differ from "various artists" compilation albums in that they generally include several tracks of each artist, or few artists with one or two tracks each, instead of multiple artists with only one or two tracks each. There are also singles and EPs of the same variety, which are often called "split singles" and "split EPs" respectively.
Galvani potential
In electrochemistry, the Galvani potential (also called Galvani potential difference, or inner potential difference, Δφ, delta phi) is the electric potential difference between two points in the bulk of two phases. These phases can be two different solids (e.g., two metals joined), or a solid and a liquid (e.g., a metal electrode submerged in an electrolyte).

The Galvani potential is named after Luigi Galvani.

Electrochemistry
Electrochemistry is the branch of physical chemistry concerned with the relationship between electrical potential difference and identifiable chemical change. These reactions involve electrons moving via an electronically conducting phase (typically an external electric circuit, but not necessarily, as in electroless plating) between electrodes separated by an ionically conducting and electronically insulating electrolyte (or ionic species in a solution).

When a chemical reaction is driven by an electrical potential difference, as in electrolysis, or if a potential difference results from a chemical reaction as in an electric battery or fuel cell, it is called an electrochemical reaction. In electrochemical reactions, unlike in other chemical reactions,  electrons are not transferred directly between atoms, ions, or molecules, but via the aforementioned electric circuit. This phenomenon is what distinguishes an electrochemical reaction from a conventional chemical reaction.
Cathy Dahlquist
Catherine C. Dahlquist (born October 22, 1960) is an American politician who served as a member of the Washington House of Representatives, representing the 31st district from 2011 to 2015. A member of the Republican Party, she was a candidate for the Washington State Senate in 2014, losing in the general election.

Washington House of Representatives
The Washington House of Representatives is the lower house of the Washington State Legislature, and along with the Washington State Senate makes up the legislature of the U.S. state of Washington. It is composed of 98 Representatives from 49 districts, each of which elects one Senator and two members of the House. They are elected to separate positions with the top-two primary system. All members of the House are elected to a two-year term without term limits. The House meets at the State Capitol in Olympia.
Daniel Sheffer Farm
The Daniel Sheffer Farm is a historic home and farm complex located at Middletown, Frederick County, Maryland, United States. It is dominated by the two story brick main house, which was constructed between 1840 and 1850. Outbuildings include a stone spring house, a large wood-frame barn, constructed about 1900, and several wood-frame outbuildings including a corncrib, a wagon shed, three frame wood sheds, two tractor sheds, and a chicken house. A concrete block milk house and terra cotta silo were added to the complex in the 1930s. In September 1862, the property served as a temporary hospital for wounded soldiers during the Battle of South Mountain in the American Civil War.

The Daniel Sheffer Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

Middletown, Maryland
Middletown is a town in Frederick County, Maryland, United States. As of the 2020 census, Middletown had a population of 4,943. Located in the Middletown Valley that stretches between the Catoctin Mountains on the east and South Mountain on the west, the town reportedly gained its name from its location midway between those ranges.
Department of Forest Conservation (Sri Lanka)
The Department of Forest Conservation (Sinhala: වන සංරක්‍ෂණ දෙපාර්තමේන්තුව Vana Sanrakshana Departhamenthuwa) is a non-ministerial government department responsible for forestry in Sri Lanka. Its mission is to protect and expand Sri Lanka's forests and woodlands. The head of the department is the Conservator General, Dr. K.M.A.Bandara. It comes under the purview of the Ministry of Wildlife and Forest Resource Conservation.

It has limited policing powers in protected forest areas to stop illegal poaching and logging, with the power to arrest suspects.

Non-ministerial government department
Non-ministerial government departments, also called non-ministerial departments (NMDs), are a type of department of the United Kingdom government that deal with matters for which direct political oversight has been judged unnecessary or inappropriate. They are typically headed by senior civil servants. Some fulfil a regulatory or inspection function, and their status is therefore intended to protect them from political interference.  Some are headed by a permanent office holder, such as a Permanent Secretary or Second Permanent Secretary.
Druon fullawayi
Druon fullawayi, also known as the yellow wig gall wasp, is a species of gall wasp in the family Cynipidae. It was previously placed in the genus Andricus. William Beutenmüller described the female adult wasps as 1.5-2.25 mm long, black with brown mouth parts and brown legs. The galls of D. fullawayi are tan or yellow, woolly, and measure 5–8 mm in diameter. Each gall holds a single chamber for larvae. They are found in California on oak trees, especially Quercus lobata.

William Beutenmuller
William Beutenmuller (March 31, 1864 - February 24, 1934), was an American entomologist who served as curator of entomology at the American Museum of Natural History (1888-1912), editor of the Journal of the New York Entomological Society (1893-1903), and president of the New York Entomological Society (1900). He published numerous scientific articles on many insect groups, including beetles, flies, gall wasps, and butterflies and moths.

Beutenmuller was born in Hoboken, New Jersey, and attended school in New York. He was married to scientific illustrator Edna Hyatt. He lived his later years in Tenafly, New Jersey, and died of heart disease at Englewood Hospital in 1934.
Beinn na Caillich (Knoydart)
Beinn na Caillich (Scottish Gaelic for 'mountain of the old woman or Cailleach') is a mountain with a height of 732 metres (2,402 ft) in Knoydart, in the Northwest Highlands of Scotland. It is on the southern shore of Loch Hourn, north-west of the Munro of Ladhar Bheinn.

Cailleach
In Gaelic (Irish, Scottish and Manx) myth, the Cailleach (Irish: [ˈkal̠ʲəx, kəˈl̠ʲax], Scottish Gaelic: [ˈkʰaʎəx]) is a divine hag, associated with the creation of the landscape and with the weather, especially storms and winter. The word literally means 'old woman, hag', and is found with this meaning in modern Irish and Scottish Gaelic, and has been applied to numerous mythological and folkloric figures in Ireland, Scotland, and the Isle of Man. In modern Irish folklore studies, she is sometimes known as The Hag of Beara, while in Scotland she is known as Beira, Queen of Winter.
Krymławki
Krymławki [krɨmˈwafki] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Barciany, within Kętrzyn County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, close to the border with the Kaliningrad Oblast of Russia.

Kętrzyn County
Kętrzyn County (Polish: powiat kętrzyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, northern Poland, on the border with Russia. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Kętrzyn (former Rastembork), which lies 88 kilometres (55 mi) north-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. The county also contains the towns of Reszel, lying 16 km (10 mi) west of Kętrzyn, and Korsze, 19 km (12 mi) north-west of Kętrzyn.

The county covers an area of 1,212.97 square kilometres (468.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 66,165, out of which the population of Kętrzyn is 28,000, that of Reszel is 5,098, that of Korsze is 4,632, and the rural population is 28,435.
Marko Kemppainen
Marko Kemppainen (born 13 July 1976 in Kajaani) is a Finnish sports shooter. He competes in skeet shooting. He was a silver medallist at the 2004 Summer Olympics

Kemppainen won a bronze medal at the 2001 World Championship in Cairo. He represented Finland at the 2004 Summer Olympics. By winning the silver medal in men's skeet event he took the first medal for Finland in the Athens Olympics.

Skeet shooting
Skeet shooting is a recreational and competitive activity whose participants use shotguns to attempt to break clay targets which two fixed stations mechanically fling into the air at high speed and at a variety of angles.

Skeet is one of the three major disciplines of competitive clay shooting—alongside trap shooting and sporting clays. There are several types of skeet, including one with  Olympic status (often called "Olympic skeet" or "international skeet"), and many with only national recognition.