hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Yuan Quan (chemist)
Yuan Quan (Chinese: 袁权; 2 November 1934 – 29 October 2023) was a Chinese chemist who was director of the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics from 1986 to 1994, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences.

He was a representative of the 14th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party.

14th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party
The 14th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was convened from 12 to 18 October, 1992.  It was preceded by the 13th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. 2,000 delegates represented the party's 51 million members.

The Congress elected the 14th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. Building socialism with Chinese Characteristics was advanced. The congress outlined the major tasks in the reform, economic and social development in the 1990s. It declared that the target of China's economic restructuring was to establish a socialist market economic system. It was succeeded by the 15th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party.
Substantive Patent Law Treaty
The Substantive Patent Law Treaty (SPLT) is a proposed international patent law treaty aimed at harmonizing substantive points of patent law. In contrast with the Patent Law Treaty (PLT), signed in 2000 and now in force, which only relates to formalities, the SPLT aims at going far beyond formalities to harmonize substantive requirements such as novelty, inventive step and non-obviousness, industrial applicability and utility, as well as sufficient disclosure, unity of invention, or claim drafting and interpretation.

Delegations did not reach agreement as to the modalities and scope of the future work of the committee. As a result, the negotiations were put on hold in 2006.

Sufficiency of disclosure
Sufficiency of disclosure or enablement is a patent law requirement that a patent application disclose a claimed invention in sufficient detail so that the person skilled in the art could carry out that claimed invention. The requirement is fundamental to patent law: a monopoly is granted for a given period of time in exchange for a disclosure to the public how to make or practice the invention.
Sharon Gaetz
Sharon L. Gaetz is a former mayor of the City of Chilliwack, British Columbia, Canada. She was first elected to that office in the 2008 election and served three consecutive terms. In 2018, she lost to incumbent city councillor Ken Popove whilst seeking a fourth term. She remains the only woman in the city's history elected to the office of mayor. She previously served twelve years as a city councillor, during which time she served as acting mayor. Mayor Gaetz also served as director of the Fraser Valley Regional District. She was not affiliated with any political party whilst in public office. She described herself as a “fiscal conservative with a strong social conscience” politically.

In 2007, then-Councillor Gaetz presented information about cannabis cultivation to Chilliwack's social issues advisory committee. Also that year, she supported the densification of the city through the construction of an apartment building containing 71 units.

2018 British Columbia municipal elections
Municipal elections were held in the Canadian province of British Columbia on October 20, 2018. Races were held in all municipalities and regional district electoral areas.

Incumbents marked with "(X)".

Selected mayoral and council races were as follows:
SpaghettiOs
SpaghettiOs are a brand of canned ring-shaped pasta in tomato sauce. They are marketed for children as "less messy" than regular spaghetti. More than 150 million cans of SpaghettiOs are sold each year. SpaghettiOs are sold in tomato sauce and with additions including meatballs, pieces of processed meat resembling hot dog slices, beef-filled ravioli, and calcium-fortified spaghetti.

While SpaghettiOs is a trade name, the equivalent prepared dish made by various manufacturers is available in many countries as 'spaghetti hoops', 'spaghetti loops', or 'spaghetti rings'.

Meatball
A meatball is ground meat (mince) rolled into a ball, sometimes along with other ingredients, such as bread crumbs, minced onion, eggs, butter, and seasoning. Meatballs are cooked by frying, baking, steaming, or braising in sauce. There are many types of meatballs using different types of meats and spices. The term is sometimes extended to meatless versions based on legumes, vegetables, mushrooms, fish (also commonly known as fish balls) or other seafood.
Cleveland Orchestra discography
The Cleveland Orchestra, which was founded in 1918, was first recorded in 1924.  Most of the orchestra's recordings have been made either in its concert home, Severance Hall, or in nearby Masonic Auditorium.

Severance Hall
Severance Hall, also known as Severance Music Center, is a concert hall in the University Circle neighborhood of Cleveland, Ohio, home to the Cleveland Orchestra. Opened in 1931 to give the orchestra a permanent home, the building is named for patrons John L. Severance and his wife, Elisabeth Huntingdon DeWitt Severance. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places as part of Cleveland’s Wade Park District.

In addition to serving as the Cleveland Orchestra’s home and as a commencement site for Case Western Reserve University, Severance Hall is available to rent for concerts, weddings, corporate events, and receptions. On Severance Hall’s ground floor is Reinberger Chamber Hall, a separate 402-seat auditorium that is frequently used for more intimate performances and pre-concert lectures.
2018 Michigan Senate election
The Michigan Senate elections of 2018 took place on November 6, 2018, alongside elections for Michigan's governor, Class I United States Senator, attorney general, and secretary of state, as well as elections for Michigan's 14 seats in the United States House of Representatives and all 110 seats in the Michigan House of Representatives, to elect the 38 members that would comprise the Michigan Senate. The Republican, Democratic, and Libertarian parties chose their nominees in a partisan primary on August 7, 2018. The Working Class Party, U.S. Taxpayers Party, Green Party, and Natural Law Party chose their nominees at state party conventions.

Natural Law Party (United States)
The Natural Law Party (NLP) is a political party in Michigan. It was a national political party in the United States, founded in 1992, affiliated with the international Natural Law Party. Beginning in 2004, many of its state chapters dissolved. The party's Michigan chapter is still active as of 2024.

The party proposed that political problems could be solved through alignment with the unified field of all the laws of nature through the use of the Transcendental Meditation and TM-Sidhi programs. Leading members of the party were associated with Maharishi Mahesh Yogi, leader of the Transcendental Meditation movement.

The national version of the Natural Law Party ran John Hagelin as its presidential candidate in 1992, 1996 and 2000. The party also ran congressional and local candidates. It attempted to merge with the Reform Party in 2000. Several state affiliates have kept their ballot positions and have allied with other small parties.
Camp Bragg (Arkansas)
Camp Bragg was a Confederate encampment during the American Civil War, located in Ouachita (present-day Nevada) County, Arkansas, United States, about 23 miles (37 km) southwest of Camden. It served as Headquarters of the District of Arkansas from October 1863 until January 1864, when it was replaced by Camp Sumter.

Camden, Arkansas
Camden is a city in and the county seat of Ouachita County in the south-central part of the U.S. state of Arkansas. The city is located about 100 miles south of Little Rock. Situated on bluffs overlooking the Ouachita River, the city developed because of the river.

The recorded history began in 1782 when a Spanish military post was established on the site of an old French trading post called Écore à Fabri. When Ouachita County was formed in 1842, American settlers changed the name to Camden. The city became an important port during the steamboat era when Camden became known as the “Queen City” of the Ouachita. In 1864, Camden became the unintended focus of the Red River Campaign, a major Civil War effort resulting in several significant battles.

In 2020, Camden had a population of 10,612, down from its 2010 population of 12,183. Camden is the principal city of the Camden Micropolitan Statistical Area, which includes all of Ouachita and Calhoun counties.
1959 Hawaii gubernatorial election
The 1959 Hawaii gubernatorial election was Hawaii's first gubernatorial election.  The election was held on July 28, 1959, one month after Hawaiians had voted for statehood in accordance with the Hawaii Admission Act and one month before admission as the 50th state on August 21, 1959.

In the election, the Republican candidate, Territorial Governor William F. Quinn, defeated the Democratic candidate, Territorial Delegate John A. Burns.  Quinn won only the island of Oahu while Burns carried all other islands. This was the last time until 2002 that a Republican was elected governor of Hawaii.

Hawaii Territory's at-large congressional district
Hawaii Territory's at-large congressional district was the congressional district for the Territory of Hawaii, which was established by the Newlands Resolution of 1898.

On April 30, 1900, the Hawaiian Organic Act gave the Territory the authority to elect a single non-voting congressional delegate.

After Hawaii's admission to the Union as the 50th state by act of Congress on August 21, 1959, this district was replaced by Hawaii's at-large congressional district.
Selina Solomons
Selina Solomons (November 22, 1862 – February 9, 1942) was an American suffragist and writer. She was known for the campaign for Women's suffrage in California, which resulted in the passage of Proposition 4. Solomons wrote a first hand account of the movement titled How We Won the Vote in California.

1911 California Proposition 4
Proposition 4 of 1911 (or Senate Constitutional Amendment No. 8) was an amendment of the Constitution of California that granted women the right to vote in the state for the first time. Senate Constitutional Amendment No. 8 was sponsored by Republican State Senator Charles W. Bell from Pasadena, California.  It was adopted by the California State Legislature and approved by voters in a referendum held as part of a special election on October 10, 1911.

An earlier attempt to enfranchise women had been rejected by California voters in 1896, but in 1911 California became the sixth U.S. state to adopt the reform. Nine years later in 1920, women's suffrage was constitutionally recognized at the federal level by the Nineteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. This amendment prohibited both the federal government and all of the states from denying women the right to vote.
Historical Society of the Northern Territory
The Historical Society of the Northern Territory is a historical society founded in Darwin, Australia in 1964. Major objectives of the Society include (1) the study of the history of the Northern Territory of Australia; (2) encouraging the preservation of the Northern Territory's historical relics and records by their deposit with an appropriate national or local authority, but not with the Society (which does not maintain archives or collections); (3) promoting lectures, discussions, excursions and exhibitions relating to the history of the Northern Territory; and (4) providing an avenue for publishing on the history of the Northern Territory in the Society's journal or as an occasional paper or book.

The Society works with other historical societies and cultural organisations to advocate on behalf of the sector and to provide leadership and guidance.

The Society is the Northern Territory constituent member of the Federation of Australian Historical Societies

Historical society
A historical society is non-profit organization dedicated to collecting, preserving, interpreting, and promoting the history of a particular place, group of people, or topic. They play a crucial role in promoting historical awareness and understanding by providing a platform for research, education, and public engagement.

Historical societies vary in specialization, with focuses ranging from specific geographical areas such as countries, states/provinces or cities/towns, ethnographic such as ethnic and genealogical, and topical such as transportation, event based, or military history.
Robert P. Briscoe
Robert Pearce Briscoe (February 19, 1897 – October 14, 1968) was an admiral of the United States Navy. He commanded two ships, a destroyer squadron, and an amphibious group during World War II. He later served as Commander-in-Chief, Allied Forces Southern Europe, from 1956 to 1959. He was a native of Centreville, Mississippi born February 19, 1897, to Pearce and Alice Briscoe.

Destroyer squadron
A destroyer squadron is a naval squadron or flotilla usually consisting of destroyers rather than other types of vessel. In some navies other vessels, such as frigates, may be included. In English the word "squadron" tends to be used for larger and "flotilla" for smaller vessels; both may be used for destroyer units. Similar formations are used in non-English-speaking countries, e.g., the "escadrille"—which would translate directly as "squadron"—in France.
ESO 444-46
ESO 444-46 (Shapley 8-1, A3558-M1) is a class E4 supergiant elliptical galaxy; the dominant and brightest member of the Abell 3558 galaxy cluster around 200.8 megaparsecs (654.9 million light-years) away in the constellation Centaurus. It lies within the core of the massive Shapley Supercluster, one of the closest neighboring superclusters. It is one of the largest galaxies in the local universe, and possibly contains one of the most massive black holes known. The black hole's mass is very uncertain, with estimates ranging from as low as 501 million M☉, to as high as 77.6 billion M☉.

Type-cD galaxy
The type-cD galaxy (also cD-type galaxy, cD galaxy) is a galaxy morphology classification, a subtype of type-D giant elliptical galaxy. Characterized by a large halo of stars, they can be found near the centres of some rich galaxy clusters. They are also known as supergiant ellipticals or central dominant galaxies.
1949 NAFC Championship
The 1949 NAFC Championship was the second edition of the association football championship for the North American Football Confederation.

In 1949, the NAFC Championship served both as a regional championship as well as the regional qualification tournament for the 1950 FIFA World Cup and was held in Mexico City. Four teams were invited, Cuba, Mexico, Canada and the United States, but Canada did not send a team.

Mexico easily topped the standings, going undefeated and outscoring the two other teams seventeen goals to two. The United States came in second and Cuba, winless in its four games, was third. As the top two teams qualified for the World Cup, Mexico and the U.S. went to the finals in Brazil. Mexico also qualified to the 1952 Panamerican Championship in Chile.

North American Football Confederation
The North American Football Confederation (Spanish: Confederación Norteamericana de Fútbol), abbreviated as NAFC, was the governing body of association football in North America from 1946 to 1961, and a predecessor confederation of CONCACAF. Founded in 1946 under the president Carlos Alonso who was elected on 19 December 1946 in Havana. NAFC merged with CCCF to found the current CONCACAF in 1961.
Greg Fredericks
Gregory Abraham Fredericks (born 1953 or 1954) is a South African sports administrator, civil servant, and politician. He represented the African National Congress in the National Assembly during the first democratic Parliament and was later the chief executive officer of the Gauteng Cricket Board from 2013 to 2019.

Gauteng cricket team
Gauteng (formerly Transvaal) is the first-class cricket team of the southern parts of Gauteng province of South Africa. The team was called Transvaal from April 1890 to April 1997 (the area north of Johannesburg, including Pretoria being part of the Northerns, formerly Northern Transvaal). Under the main competition's various names – the Currie Cup, then the Castle Cup, now the SuperSport Series – Transvaal/Gauteng cricket team has been the most successful of the South African domestic sides, winning 25 times. The club's most glorious period was the 1980s when they were dubbed the "Mean Machine".

For the purposes of the SuperSport Series, Gauteng merged with North West (formerly Western Transvaal) to form the Highveld Lions or, more simply, "the Lions" (from October 2004 to 2021).
Wolf (Exo song)
"Wolf" (Korean: 늑대와 미녀; RR: Neukdaewa Minyeo; lit. The Wolf and the Beauty; Chinese: 狼与美女; pinyin: Láng yǔ Měinǚ) is a song by South Korean–Chinese boy band Exo, released on May 30, 2013, as the lead single of their first studio album XOXO. It was released in both Korean and Chinese versions by their label SM Entertainment, and was their first song recorded by all twelve members.

Yoo Young-jin
Yoo Young-jin is a South Korean singer-songwriter, record producer and vocal trainer formerly under SM Entertainment. He has produced and written songs for H.O.T., S.E.S, BoA, Shinhwa, TVXQ, CSJH The Grace, Super Junior, Girls' Generation, Shinee, f(x), EXO, Red Velvet, NCT and aespa.
Fox Hall (Westmore, Vermont)
Fox Hall is a historic summer estate house in Westmore, Vermont.  Built about 1900 by the then-mayor of Yonkers, New York, it was the first major summer resort property built in the remote town on the shores of Lake Willoughby.  It is architecturally a distinctive blend of Colonial Revival and the Shingle style; the latter is a particularly uncommon style for northern Vermont.  The house, along with a period icehouse, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.

Lake Willoughby
Lake Willoughby is a glacial lake located in the town of Westmore in Orleans County in the Northeast Kingdom of Vermont, United States.

The lake's southern end is surrounded by the Willoughby State Forest. This state forest includes Mount Pisgah, Mount Hor, collectively "Willoughby Gap".

In 2010, the magazine Yankee named Willoughby as the third best lake in New England.

Willoughby Lake has a public beach that stretches 0.4 kilometres (0.25 mi) on the north shore of the lake, or in the zone of the lake outlet. Another public beach is located at the bottom of the South Bay of the Lake. The village of Westmore is located on the east side, at the confluence area of Mill Creek which drains the waters of Long Pond. Many cottages and houses are located on North-East bank of the lake.
Turku shipyard
Name Turku shipyard usually means either of the following yards in Turku, Finland:

Crichton-Vulcan (1924–1989); from 1965 Wärtsilä Turku Shipyard; discontinued in 1989

Perno shipyard (1976 –), also known as Wärtsilä Perno Shipyard, Kværner Masa-Yards Turku New Shipyard,  Aker Turku Shipyard, STX Turku; currently operated by Meyer Turku

Other yards of Turku area:

Turun Veneveistämö, Turku boat works

Pansio shipyard (1945–1987)

Laivateollisuus (1945−1988)

Turku Repair Yard, located in Luonnonmaa island, Naantali

Navire

Ab Vulcan (1898–1924)

Perno shipyard
Perno shipyard is a shipyard in Turku, southwest Finland, that specialises in building cruise ships, passenger ferries, special vessels and offshore projects. The yard area is 144 hectares (360 acres) and is operated by Meyer Turku Oy with a dry dock 365 metres (1,198 ft) long, 80 metres (260 ft) wide and 10 metres (33 ft) deep. It has one of the largest bridge crane in the Nordic region with a capacity of 1,200 tonnes and a smaller crane with a capacity of 600 tonnes.
Isabelle de Leon
Isabella Daza de Leon (born July 30, 1994), also known as Isabelle de Leon, is a Filipino actress, singer-songwriter and beauty queen. She was a former child actress, known to many as Duday in GMA-7's sitcom Daddy Di Do Du (2001). She garnered a FAMAS Best Child Actress award for her role in Magnifico (2003). Isabelle was crowned as Miss Multinational Philippines at Miss World Philippines 2019. She was supposed to represent Philippines at the Miss Multinational pageant but it was postponed from 2020 to 2021 due to the pandemic.

TV5 (Philippine TV network)
TV5 is a Philippine free-to-air commercial broadcast television and radio network based in Mandaluyong, Metro Manila, with additional studios and transmitter facilities in Novaliches, Quezon City, serving as the flagship property of TV5 Network Inc., which owns and operates the network, is a subsidiary of MediaQuest Holdings, which is controlled by telecommunications company PLDT, Inc.

TV5's main television station, DWET-TV, broadcasts on VHF Channel 5 for analogue broadcasting, UHF Channel 18 for digital, and UHF Channel 51 for digital test transmission. The latter is licensed to its sister company, Mediascape/Cignal TV. The network owns and operates seven TV stations and has 14 selected affiliate stations across the Philippines.

TV5's programming is available throughout the Philippines, and its content can be accessed internationally via satellite through Kapatid Channel International, AksyonTV International, and PBA Rush.
Bogenšperk, Šmartno pri Litiji
Bogenšperk (pronounced [ˈboːɡɛnʃpɛɾk]; German: Wagensberg) is a small settlement in the Municipality of Šmartno pri Litiji in central Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region. The settlement was formally created in 1995, when the settlement of Dvor pri Bogenšperku was split into two new settlements: Dvor and Bogenšperk.

It is best known as the location of Bogenšperk Castle.

Municipality of Šmartno pri Litiji
The Municipality of Šmartno pri Litiji (pronounced [ˈʃmaːɾtnɔ pɾi liˈtiːji]; Slovene: Občina Šmartno pri Litiji) is a municipality in the traditional region of Lower Carniola in southeastern Slovenia. The seat of the municipality is the town of Šmartno pri Litiji. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.
Martin Nash
Martin Nash (born December 27, 1975) is a Canadian soccer coach and former player who serves as interim head coach of Vancouver FC.

A five-time all-league selection in the USL-1 and its predecessor, the A-League, Nash has won four league championships, two with the Rochester Rhinos in 2000 and 2001 and two with the Vancouver Whitecaps in 2006 and 2008. He spent the majority of his playing career in North America, most notably in the Vancouver area, but also played in England for Stockport County, Chester City and Macclesfield Town.

Nash was also a regular member of the Canadian national soccer team, making 38 appearances and scoring 2 goals during his 13-year career.

He is the younger brother of retired basketball superstar Steve Nash.

USSF Division 2 Professional League
The USSF Division 2 Professional League (D2 Pro League) was a temporary professional soccer league created by the United States Soccer Federation (USSF) for the 2010 season. The twelve-team league was formed as a compromise between the feuding United Soccer Leagues (USL) and the North American Soccer League (NASL). The D2 Pro League was the second tier of the United States soccer league system below Major League Soccer. The league also included two clubs from Canada and one club from Puerto Rico.