hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vittore Ghiliani
Vittore Ghiliani (14 May 1812 – 17 May 1878), was an Italian entomologist.

From 1832 until his death he worked as an assistant (curator) in the Zoological Museum of Turin where he was responsible for the Hymenoptera and Coleoptera collections of Maximilian Spinola and the Ferdinando Breme collection of Coleoptera and Diptera. 
Vittore Ghiliani was an "adviser" of the Italian Entomological Society from 1869 to 1871 and Vice-President from 1871 until 1878. He published a series of scientific papers on the Coleoptera of Sardinia, Sicily, Spain and Brazil and edited by Lorenzo Camerano an important list of species of Coleoptera from Piedmont.
In Compte rendu des hyménoptères inédits provenants du voyage entokologique de M. Ghiliani dans le Para en 1846. Memoire della Reale Accademia della Scienze di Torino (2)13: 19–94 Spinola comments that M. Ghiliani in 1846 embarked to Brazil where he remained for three years, having disembarked in Belém, collecting insects of all the orders.

Turin Museum of Natural History
The Turin Museum of Natural History  (Italian: Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali di Torino or MRSN) was established in 1978 to house the natural history collections of the University of Turin and other collections of natural history, originated from specific research campaigns and donations. It is located at 36 Via Giolitti, Turin, in a 17th-century building which used to be the hospital of San Giovanni Battista, build by Amedeo di Castellamonte.

The museum has departments (sezioni) of zoology, entomology, botany, minerals, geology and paleontology. It also has a specialist library and an exhibition centre.
What I Deserve
What I Deserve is the fourth studio album by American singer-songwriter Kelly Willis. It was released in 1999 through Rykodisc, almost six years after her eponymous album. The recording sessions took place at the Hit Shack, Cedar Creek Studios and Congress House Studio in Austin. The album was produced by Dave McNair with Daniel Presley and Norman Kerner.

The album peaked at number 30 on the Top Country Albums and number 24 on the Heatseekers Albums in the United States and number 36 on the UK Independent Albums chart. It was supported with two promotional singles: "Take Me Down" and "Not Forgotten You".

UK Independent Singles and Albums Charts
The UK Independent Singles Chart and UK Independent Albums Chart are charts of the best-selling independent singles and albums, respectively, in the United Kingdom. Originally published in January 1980, and widely known as the indie chart, the relevance of the chart dwindled in the 1990s as major-label ownership blurred the boundary between independent and major labels.

Separate independent charts are currently published weekly by the Official Charts Company.
No One (Lee Hi song)
"No One" (stylized in all caps, Korean: 누구없소; RR: Nugu Eopso) is a song recorded by South Korean singer and songwriter Lee Hi featuring B.I of iKon from Lee's first EP 24°C. It was released on May 30, 2019, by YG as the lead single from the EP. It is Lee's first single (as the lead artist) since her three-year hiatus following the release of her second studio album in 2016.

YG Entertainment
YG Entertainment (Korean: YG 엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean multinational entertainment agency established in 1996 by Yang Hyun-suk. The company operates as a record label, talent agency, music production company, event management and concert production company, and music publishing house. In addition, the company operates a number of subsidiary ventures under a separate public traded company, YG Plus, which includes a clothing line, a golf management agency, and a cosmetics brand. However, despite various business expansions, most of the ventures were discontinued due to a lack of profitability.

Current artists include Eun Ji-won, Winner, Blackpink, Treasure, and Babymonster.

Former artists include Swi.T, Moogadang, Wheesung, 1TYM, Big Mama, Gummy, Seven, Nam Tae-hyun, 2NE1, Psy, Epik High, One, Lee Hi, Jinusean, Bang Yedam, Mashiho, iKon, Jisoo, Jennie, Rosé, Lisa, BigBang, Sechs Kies, and AKMU.
Richard Roby
Richard Roby (born September 28, 1985) is an American professional basketball player who last played for the Shinshu Brave Warriors of the Japanese B.League.  He attended high school at Lawrence Academy at Groton, Massachusetts. Roby attended the University of Colorado at Boulder and played for the Buffaloes from 2004 to 2008.  He averaged 17 points and 5.5 rebounds during his career for the Buffaloes. He graduated as Colorado's all-time leading scorer, doing so in his final collegiate game.

Shinshu Brave Warriors
The Shinshu Brave Warriors (信州ブレイブウォリアーズ, Shinshū Bureibuuoriāzu) are a Japanese professional basketball team based in Nagano, Japan. The Brave Warriors compete in the second division of the B.League as a member of the Eastern Conference. The team's name refers to the traditional name for Nagano Prefecture, Shinshu, and the region's history of "warriors," such as those of the Sanada clan, the Togakushi Ninja, Kiso Yoshinaka, and the Battles of Kawanakajima.
Liu Xiaotao
Liu Xiaotao (Chinese: 刘小涛; Hakka: Liù Siáu-tho; born July 1970) is a Chinese politician of Hakka heritage from Xingning, Meizhou, Guangdong. He is currently the Governor of Jiangsu and Deputy Party Secretary of the CCP Jiangsu Provincial Committee. He holds a bachelor’s degree in labor economics from Renmin University of China and a postgraduate degree in political economy from the Guangdong Academy of Social Sciences.

Liu previously served in various positions in Guangdong, Zhejiang, and Jiangsu, including the Mayor of Shantou, Secretary-General of the Guangdong Provincial Government, Vice Governor of Zhejiang, Party Secretary of Chaozhou, Wenzhou, and Suzhou, Specifically-designated Deputy Party Secretary of Jiangsu, and Member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Zhejiang and Jiangsu Provincial Committees.

Chaozhou
Chaozhou (Chinese: 潮州), alternatively Chiuchow, Chaochow or Teochew, is a city in the eastern Guangdong province of China. It borders Shantou to the south, Jieyang to the southwest, Meizhou to the northwest, the province of Fujian to the east, and the South China Sea to the southeast. It is administered as a prefecture-level city with a jurisdiction area of 3,110 km2 (1,200 sq mi) and a total population of 2,568,387. It is also the ancestral hometown of 2.7 million overseas Teochow people.

Along with Shantou and Jieyang, Chaozhou is a cultural center of the Chaoshan region.
Groce
Groce is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Cari Groce, American tennis player and coach

Cherry Groce, shot by London police, sparking the 1985 Brixton riot

Clif Groce (born 1972), American football player

DeJuan Groce (born 1980), American football player

John Groce (born 1971), American college basketball coach

Larry Groce (born 1948), American singer-songwriter and radio host

Michael Groce (born 1963), reformed English poet and community worker

Michael Groce
Michael Groce is a poet and community worker. His mother, Cherry Groce, was shot and paralysed by police during a dawn raid on her home starting the 1985 Brixton riot in London, England.  He is now a published poet, having won the Cheltenham Poetry Prize, and actively engages with young people to inform them of his own experiences.
Coyote, California
Coyote is an unincorporated community in Santa Clara Valley astride Coyote Creek and between San Jose and Morgan Hill's Madrone district in Santa Clara County. Part of Coyote is inside the city limits of San Jose. Its ZIP Code is 95013, and there is a small U.S. Post Office. It is inside telephone area codes 408 and 669.

Madrone, Morgan Hill, California
Madrone is a neighborhood of Morgan Hill, California, located at the base of the Santa Cruz Mountains. Once an independent town within Santa Clara County, the City of Morgan Hill annexed the Town of Madrone in 1959, turning the town into Morgan Hill's northern district, bordering San Jose, California. Today, Madrone is primarily an affluent residential area, home to numerous luxury developments and landed estates.

With median home price of $1,422,346, Madrone is among the most expensive neighborhoods in United States, well above the national average of $220,100.
Guillaumin
Guillaumin is a French surname. Notable people with the surname include:

André Guillaumin (1885–1974), French botanist

Armand Guillaumin (1842–1927), French impressionist painter and lithographer

Claude Guillaumin (1842–1927), French painter and caricaturist

Colette Guillaumin (1934–2017), French sociologist

Gilbert-Urbain Guillaumin (1801–1864), French publisher

Colette Guillaumin
Colette Guillaumin (28 January 1934 – 10 May 2017), was a sociologist at the French National Centre for Scientific Research and a French feminist. Guillaumin is an important theorist of the mechanisms of racism and sexism, and relations of domination. She is also an important figure in materialist feminism.

She participated in the founding of the journal Questions féministes, alongside other French academics (such as Simone de Beauvoir) and is also one of the co-founders of the journal Le Genre Humain.

Guillaumin was influential in the early academic field of the social construction of gender. Her theories overlap with those of radical feminists and lay the groundwork for gender criticism.
Strings (Bini song)
"Strings" is a song recorded by the Filipino girl group Bini. The song was released as a single, accompanied by a music video, on September 29, 2022, alongside the group's second album, Feel Good. It has been described as a hip-hop, jazz, and synth-pop track. "Strings" received favorable reviews from critics.

Philippine Daily Inquirer
The Philippine Daily Inquirer (PDI), or simply the Inquirer, is an English-language newspaper in the Philippines. Founded in 1985, it is often regarded as the Philippines' newspaper of record. The newspaper is the most awarded broadsheet in the Philippines and the multimedia group, called The Inquirer Group, reaches 54 million people across several platforms.
Find a Place to Die
Find a Place to Die (aka Joe... cercati un posto per morire!) is a 1968 Spaghetti Western film starring Jeffrey Hunter and  Pascale Petit. It was co-written and directed by Giuliano Carnimeo (credited as Anthony Ascott) with sequences directed by Hugo Fregonese who also produced the film.

Hugo Fregonese
Hugo Geronimo Fregonese (8 April 1908 – 11 January 1987) was an Argentine film director and screenwriter who worked both in Hollywood and his home country during the classical era of Argentine cinema.

He made his directorial debut in 1943. In 1949, he directed Apenas un delincuente. Most of Fregonese's American films were Westerns and crime melodramas, like Man in the Attic (1953) and Black Tuesday (1954). He worked with renowned actors such as Gary Cooper, Barbara Stanwyck, Anthony Quinn, Edward G. Robinson, Luisa Vehil, Víctor Laplace, Soledad Silveyra, Paul Naschy, and Joel McCrea.

For directing the now-almost forgotten film My Six Convicts (1952), Fregonese was nominated for the Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directing - Feature Film.
Chigwell Row
Chigwell Row is a small village falling within the Epping Forest district of Essex. It is located 12.9 miles (20.8 km) north east of Charing Cross. It has a London (020) area code, is served by London Buses route 150, and the closest London Underground station is Grange Hill.

Grange Hill tube station
Grange Hill is a London Underground station. It lies in the parish of Chigwell in the Epping Forest district of Essex. The boundary with the London Borough of Redbridge is immediately to the east of the station buildings. The station is on the Hainault loop of the Central line, between Hainault and Chigwell stations. It has been in London fare zone 4 since 2 January 2007.
New York Air
New York Air was a low-cost airline in the United States owned by Texas Air Corporation and based at Hangar 5 at LaGuardia Airport in Flushing, Queens, New York. It ceased operations on February 1, 1987, in a merger with Continental Airlines.

New York Air was well known for its onboard bagged snacks, known as "The Flying Nosh".

Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (1968)
The Professional Air Traffic Controllers Organization (PATCO) was a United States trade union of air traffic controllers that operated from 1968 until its decertification in 1981 following an illegal labor strike broken by the Reagan administration. In striking, the union violated 5 U.S.C. (Supp. III 1956) 118p (now 5 U.S.C. § 7311), which prohibits strikes by federal government employees.
Vijaydan Detha
Vijaydan Detha (1 September 1926 – 10 November 2013), also known as Bijji, was a noted Indian writer of Rajasthani literature. He was a recipient of several awards including the Padma Shri and the Sahitya Akademi Award.

Detha has more than 800 short stories to his credit, which have been translated into English and other languages. With Komal Kothari, he founded Rupayan Sansthan, an institute that documents Rajasthani folklore, art, and music. His literary works include Bataan ri Phulwari (Garden of Tales), a 14-volume collection of stories that draws on folklore in the spoken dialects of Rajasthan. Many of his stories and novels have been adapted for the stage and the screen: adaptations include Mani Kaul's Duvidha (1973), Habib Tanvir and Shyam Benegal's Charandas Chor (1975), Prakash Jha's Parinati (1986), Amol Palekar's Paheli (2005), Pushpendra Singh's The Honour Keeper (2014), Dedipya Joshii's Kaanchli Life in a Slough (2020), and Pushpendra Singh's Laila aur Satt Geet (2020).

Saankal
Saankal (transl. Shackle) is a 2015 Indian Hindi-language drama and social problem film written and directed by Dedipya Joshii. The film stars Chetan Sharma, Tanima Bhattacharya, Harish Kumar, Jagat Singh, Samarth Shandilya and Milind Gunaji. It focuses on the impact of forced marriage traditions prevalent within rural Indian communities. The film was released in August 2015 and went on to win numerous awards, including Best Female Lead and Best Foreign Film at the 20th Indie Gathering Film Festival.
Camaronal Wildlife Refuge
The Camaronal Wildlife Refuge is a Wildlife refuge of Costa Rica, part of the Tempisque Conservation Area, on the Pacific Coast of the Nicoya Peninsula.

The refuge was created for the protection of sea turtles nesting sites for leatherback, olive ridley and hawksbill turtles. The success of the program was evidenced by the November 2006 mass arrival of egg-laying turtles (the first registered in 15 years). Unfortunately, proposed massive and unregulated real-estate developments constitute a grave threat to the Camaronal Wildlife Refuge. Although there is a groundswell of activism opposing said development, the Camaronal Wildlife Refuge's future remains uncertain.

Leatherback sea turtle
The leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea), sometimes called the lute turtle, leathery turtle or simply the luth, is the largest of all living turtles and the heaviest non-crocodilian reptile, reaching lengths of up to 2.7 metres (8 ft 10 in) and weights of 500 kilograms (1,100 lb). It is the only living species in the genus Dermochelys and family Dermochelyidae. It can easily be differentiated from other modern sea turtles by its lack of a bony shell; instead, its carapace is covered by oily flesh and flexible, leather-like skin, for which it is named. Leatherback turtles have a global range, although there are multiple distinct subpopulations. The species as a whole is considered vulnerable, and some of its subpopulations are critically endangered.
Erich Kästner (camera designer)
Erich Kurt Kästner (5 April 1911 – 31 January 2005) was a German movie camera designer. He was born in Jena.

During his work for ARRI, he invented the spinning mirror reflex shutter for film cameras, which was first used in the Arriflex 35 in 1937. It allows the operator to have a viewfinder image equal to the recorded picture.

Kästner received a Gordon E. Sawyer Award in 1992 and an Oscar in 1973 (Class II technical award [plaque]) and 1982 (Academy Award of Merit [statuette]). In 1994 he won the Bavarian Film Awards Honorary Award.

He died in Penzberg.

Penzberg
Penzberg (German pronunciation: [ˈpɛntsˌbɛʁk] ⓘ; Central Bavarian: Benschberg) is a city (although some see it as a town) in the Weilheim-Schongau district, in Bavaria, Germany. It is located about 50 km south of Munich, and had a population of around 17,000 in 2020. A historic coal mining town, Penzberg today is known for its pharmaceutical industries.
Nail (unit)
A nail, as a unit of cloth measurement, is generally a sixteenth of a yard or 21⁄4 inches (5.715 cm). The nail was apparently named after the practice of hammering brass nails into the counter at shops where cloth was sold. On the other hand, R D Connor, in The weights and measures of England (p 84) states that the nail was the 16th part of a Roman foot, i.e., digitus or finger, although he provides no reference to support this. Zupko's A dictionary of weights and measures for the British Isles (p 256) states that the nail was originally the distance from the thumbnail to the joint at the base of the thumb, or alternately, from the end of the middle finger to the second joint.

An archaic usage of the term nail is as a sixteenth of a (long) hundredweight for mass, or 1 clove of 7 pound avoirdupois (3.175 kg).

Ronald Edward Zupko
Ronald Edward Zupko (5 August, 1938 -- 8 November, 2021) was an authority on historical metrology (the study of the history of weights and measures) with an academic background in medieval history. He was known for his books on the history of weights and measures, and had written numerous dictionary and encyclopedia entries on historical measurement units.

Born in Youngstown, Ohio, Zupko received his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin–Madison and taught at Marquette University from 1966 until retiring in 2002.

Professor Zupko was a member of the Comité International pour la Métrologie Historique, Institute for Advanced Study (associate member), Mediaeval Academy of America, Economic History Association, National Association of Watch and Clock Collectors, Midwest Medieval Association, Pi Gamma Mu, and Phi Alpha Theta.
Stainby railway station
Stainby railway station was a station in Stainby, Lincolnshire, England. It was on a small, single-stop branch from Great Ponton which connected it to the Main Line and trains from the nearby town of Grantham.

Great Ponton
Great Ponton is an English village and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, 3 miles (5 km) south of Grantham on the A1 trunk road, which bisects the village. The tower of the parish church is a roadside landmark. The 2001 census recorded a population of 333, of whom all were of white ethnic origin and 87 per cent described themselves as Christian. The average age was 40. The population of the civil parish had risen to 379 at the 2011 census. It was estimated at 369 in 2019.
Lawrence W. Steinkraus
Lawrence William Steinkraus (November 29, 1922 – December 4, 1992) was a Major General in the U.S. Air Force.  His last post was to serve as the Deputy Director for operations of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff.

Prior to that position he served as deputy chief of staff for logistics at the Headquarters Strategic Air Command, and as Commander of the 319th Bombardment Wing, at Grand Forks Air Force Base in North Dakota.

319th Reconnaissance Wing
The 319th Reconnaissance Wing is a United States Air Force unit assigned to the Air Combat Command. It is stationed at Grand Forks Air Force Base, North Dakota. The wing is the host unit at Grand Forks.

The wing operates the E-11A Battlefield Airborne Communications Node and the E/RQ-4B Global Hawk remotely piloted aircraft, delivering surveillance and reconnaissance to combatant commands. The wing comprises two groups and nine squadrons operating globally. Additionally, the 319th supports the U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s (CBP) Office of Air and Marine–North Dakota Air Branch and its National Air Security Operations Center that operate MQ-9 Reapers out of Grand Forks.
Winfred J. Sanborn
Winfred Joseph Sanborn (December 2, 1869 – 1947) was on the Los Angeles City Council under an at-large election system from 1919 until a new city charter was adopted in 1925, when representation was changed to a fifteen-district system. Sanborn served the new Ninth District from 1925 until 1931, and then, when Councilman Howard E. Dorsey was killed in a motor accident in 1937, he was appointed to serve two more years.

Municipal charter
A city charter or town charter (generically, municipal charter) is a legal document (charter) establishing a municipality such as a city or town.  The concept developed in Europe during the Middle Ages.

Traditionally, the granting of a charter gave a settlement and its inhabitants the right to town privileges under the feudal system.  Townspeople who lived in chartered towns were burghers, as opposed to serfs who lived in villages.  Towns were often "free", in the sense that they were directly protected by the king or emperor, and were not part of a feudal fief.

Today, the process for granting is determined by the type of government of the state in question.  In monarchies, charters are still often a royal charter given by the Crown or the authorities acting on behalf of the Crown.  In federations, the granting of charters may be within the jurisdiction of the lower level of government, such as a province.
Master KG
Kgaogelo  Moagi (born 31 January 1996), professionally known as Masker KG is a South African DJ, singer and record producer. Born and raised in Tzaneen, his debut studio album Skeleton Move achieved acclaim including an AFRIMA Award for Best Artist/Group in the African Electro category. He is also known as the pioneer of "Bolobedu" dance.

His second studio album Jerusalema (2020) was released, containing international successful single: "Jerusalema", featuring Nomcebo Zikode and Burna Boy, was certified diamond by FRA and topped Billboard's World Digital Song Sales chart.

SNEP
SNEP (French: Syndicat national de l'édition phonographique, in English National Syndicate of Phonographic Publishing) is the inter-professional organisation that protects the interests of the French record industry. Originally known under the acronym SNICOP, the organisation was established in 1922 and has 48 member companies.

SNEP's responsibilities include collecting and distributing royalty payments for broadcast and performance, preventing copyright infringement of its members' works (including music piracy), and sales certification of silver, gold, platinum and diamond records and videos. SNEP also compiles weekly official charts of France's top-selling music, including singles and albums.
Demographics of Siberia
Geographically, Siberia includes the Russian Urals, Siberian, and Far Eastern Federal Districts.

Siberia has population density of only three persons per square kilometer (comparable to Mongolia). The oblasts with the highest population densities are Chelyabinsk Oblast and Kemerovo Oblast, with 41 and 30 persons per square km, respectively.

Ulan-Ude
Ulan-Ude (/ʊˈlɑːnʊˈdɛ/; Russian: Улан-Удэ, Russian pronunciation: [ʊˈlan ʊˈdɛ]; Buryat: Улаан-Үдэ, romanized: Ulaan-Üde, IPA: [ʊˌlaːɴ‿ˈʉdə]) is the capital city of Buryatia, Russia, located about 100 kilometers (62 mi) southeast of Lake Baikal on the Uda River at its confluence with the Selenga. According to the 2021 Census, 437,565 people lived in Ulan-Ude; up from 404,426 recorded in the 2010 Census, making the city the third-largest in the Russian Far East by population.