hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ivo Perišin
Ivo Perišin (4 July 1925 – 30 October 2008) was a Croatian economist, politician and academician. He held various senior governmental posts in the Socialist Republic of Croatia in the 1970s and was mayor of Split, Croatia from 1965 to 1967.

In 1949, Perišin graduated from the University of Zagreb Faculty of Economics. He continued studies at the University of Belgrade, and defended his doctoral thesis at the Belgrade Faculty of Economics in 1959.

From 1956 he was a professor of economics at the University of Zagreb. From 1965 to 1967 he was the Mayor of Split. He served as the governor of the National Bank of Yugoslavia from 1 November 1969 to 31 December 1971. He was President of the Assembly of SR Croatia from 1974 to 1978.

He was admitted as full member of the Yugoslav Academy of Sciences and Arts (today Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts) on 17 May 1990.

University of Belgrade
The University of Belgrade (Serbian: Универзитет у Београду / Univerzitet u Beogradu) is a public research university in Belgrade, Serbia. It is the oldest and largest modern university in Serbia.

Founded in 1808 as the Belgrade Higher School in revolutionary Serbia, it merged with the Kragujevac-based departments by 1838 to form a single university. The university has around 59,600 enrolled students and over 4,600 academic staff members. Since its founding, the university has educated more than 378,000 bachelors, approximately 25,100 master's, 29,000 specialists, and 14,670 doctors. The university comprises 31 faculties, 12 research institutes, the university library, and 9 university centres. The faculties are organized into four groups: social sciences and humanities; medical sciences; natural sciences and mathematics; and technological sciences.
Harry Ewing, Baron Ewing of Kirkford
Harry Ewing, Baron Ewing of Kirkford, PC, DL (20 January 1931 – 9 June 2007) was a Labour Party politician in Scotland.  He served as a Member of Parliament (MP) for 21 years, from a by-election in 1971 until the 1992 general election, when he became a life peer.  He served as a junior minister in the Scottish Office from 1974 to 1979, responsible for devolution, and later chaired the Scottish Constitutional Convention from 1989 to 1996.

Scottish Office
The Scottish Office was a department of the Government of the United Kingdom from 1885 until 1999, exercising a wide range of government functions in relation to Scotland under the control of the Secretary of State for Scotland. Following the establishment of the Scottish Parliament in 1999, most of its work was transferred to the newly established Scottish Executive (now the Scottish Government), with a small residue of functions retained by the Scotland Office.
George Oscar Alcorn
George Oscar Alcorn KC (May 3, 1850 – February 16, 1930) was a Canadian lawyer and politician.

Born in Lennoxville, Canada East, (now Sherbrooke, Quebec), the son of Thomas Coke Alcorn and Martha A. Bartlett, he was educated at the Toronto Grammar and Model Grammar Schools. A lawyer, he was admitted to the bar in 1871 and was created a King's Counsel in 1890. He practised law in Belleville, Ontario and Picton, Ontario. He was president of the Prince Edward Liberal-Conservative Association.

He was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada for the Ontario riding of Prince Edward in the 1900 federal election. A Conservative, he was re-elected in the 1904 election but was defeated in the 1908 election.

In 1872, he married Sara Jane Leavitt. In 1910, Alcorn was named Master in Ordinary for the Supreme Court of Ontario and served in that post until 1923.

Prince Edward (federal electoral district)
Prince Edward was a  federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1904. It was created by the British North America Act 1867, and consisted of the County of Prince Edward.

The electoral district was abolished in 1924 when it was merged into Prince Edward—Lennox riding.
Millewa South railway line
The Millewa South railway line, sometimes referred to as the Nowingi-Millewa South railway line was a freight-only railway located in the Millewa region of Victoria, Australia. It branched from the Mildura line at Nowingi, and was planned to run due west for 35 miles (56 km). The intention was to open up the surrounding area for wheat growing, once irrigation infrastructure been installed. A possible extension across the South Australian border to Meribah was mooted.

Mildura railway line
The Mildura railway line is a heavy rail line in northwestern Victoria, Australia. The line runs from Yelta station to Ballarat station via the settlements of Mildura, Ouyen and Maryborough in an approximate south-southeasterly direction. Initial sections of the line opened from Ballarat in 1874 and the line reached Mildura in 1903.

The line is primarily utilised by freight services. V/Line passenger services also operate on the line between Maryborough and Ballarat.
Velika Reka
Velika Reka (Serbian Cyrillic: Велика Река) is a village in Serbia. It is situated in the Mali Zvornik municipality, in the Mačva District of Central Serbia. The village has a Serb ethnic majority with a population of 476 (2002 census).

Mačva District
The Mačva District (Serbian: Мачвански округ, romanized: Mačvanski okrug, pronounced [mǎtʃʋanskiː ôkruːɡ]) is one of administrative districts of Serbia. It lies in the western part of Serbia, in the geographical regions of Mačva, Podrinje, Posavina, and Pocerina. According to the 2022 census, it has a population of 265,377 inhabitants. The administrative center of the Mačva District is the city of Šabac.
Pindapata
Piṇḍapāta or piṇḍacāra is a Pali term used to refer to the Buddhist monastic practice of almsround to the laity to receive almsfood and other necessities.

In Japanese Buddhism, this practice is also known as takuhatsu (托鉢).

Magelang
Magelang (Javanese: ꦩꦒꦼꦭꦁ) is one of six cities in Central Java, Indonesia, that are administratively independent of the regencies in which they lie geographically. Each of these cities is governed by a mayor rather than a bupati. Magelang City covers an area of 18.56 km2 and had a population of 118,227 at the 2010 census and 121,526 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as at mid-2024 was 128,709 (comprising 63,612 males and 65,097 females). It is geographically located in the middle of the Magelang Regency, between Mount Merbabu and Mount Sumbing in the south of the province, and lies 43 km north of Yogyakarta, 15 km north of Mungkid and 75 km south of Semarang, the capital of Central Java.
Colomba Fofana
Colomba Fofana (born 11 April 1977 in Courbevoie) is a French triple jumper. His personal best jump is 17.34 metres, achieved in May 2008 in Forbach. He competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics, the 2008 Summer Olympics, and the 2006 World Indoor Championships, without reaching the final.

Forbach
Forbach (/fɔːrˈbɑːk/ for-BAHK, French: [fɔʁbak], German: [ˈfɔʁbax]; Alemannic German: Fuerboch) is a commune in the French department of Moselle, northeastern French region of Grand Est.

It is located on the German border approximately 15 minutes from the center of Saarbrücken, Germany, with which it constitutes a cross-border conurbation, and is part of the Saar-Moselle Eurodistrict. With a population of about 20,000, it is the largest town in the eastern Moselle area.
Devils Slide State Forest
Devils Slide State Forest is a 290-acre (120 ha) state forest in Stark, New Hampshire. It is part of a contiguous area of more than 2,000 acres (810 ha) of protected lands that includes the Kauffmann Forest and Percy State Forest.

Stark, New Hampshire
Stark is a town in Coös County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 478 at the 2020 census, a decline from the figure of 556 tabulated in 2010. It has a famous covered bridge. The town includes the villages of Percy and Crystal as well as the village of Stark, located on the Upper Ammonoosuc River. New Hampshire Route 110 runs through Stark, east from U.S. Highway 3 in Groveton and northwest from Route 16 in Berlin.  Much of the town is within the boundaries of the White Mountain National Forest.

Stark is part of the Berlin, NH-VT Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Catarrh, South Carolina
Catarrh, South Carolina, United States is an unincorporated community in western Chesterfield County. Jefferson is 6 miles NNW and McBee is 9.2 miles SE. Catarrh appears on the Angelus, South Carolina Geological Survey Map. Catarrh falls within the Jefferson, South Carolina zip code 29718.

Chesterfield County, South Carolina
Chesterfield County is a county located in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 43,273. Its county seat is Chesterfield. The largest community in the county is Cheraw. It is located north of the Midlands, in the Pee Dee region, on the border with North Carolina.
Turkey Tolson Tjupurrula
Turkey Tolson Tjupurrula (sometimes just Turkey Tolson; c. 1938 – 10 August 2001) was a Pintupi-speaking Indigenous artist from Australia's Western Desert region. Born near Haasts Bluff, Northern Territory, Turkey Tolson was a major figure in the Papunya Tula art movement, and the longest-serving chairman of the company formed to represent its artists.

A painter whose creative output spanned nearly three decades, controversy erupted briefly in 1999, when disputed declarations were made by the artist regarding whether some works under his signature had been painted by some female relatives. Creator of the work Straightening spears at Ilyingaungau (1990), Tolson's paintings are held by several major Australian public galleries, including the Art Gallery of South Australia, National Gallery of Victoria and the National Museum of Australia.

National Gallery of Australia
The National Gallery of Australia (NGA), formerly the Australian National Gallery, is the national art museum of Australia as well as one of the largest art museums in Australia, holding more than 166,000 works of art. Located in Canberra in the Australian Capital Territory, it was established in 1967 by the Australian Government as a national public art museum. As of 2022 it is under the directorship of Nick Mitzevich.
Dimaraji
Some Dimasa-Cachar people of northeast India have been demanding a separate state called Dimaraji or "Dimaland" for several decades. It would comprise the Dimasa-inhabited areas, namely Dima Hasao district, parts of Cachar district, parts of Nagaon district, Hojai district and Karbi Anglong district in Assam together with part of Dimapur district in Nagaland.

Karbi Anglong district
Karbi Anglong district is an administrative unit in the Indian state of Assam. It is an autonomous district administered by the Karbi Anglong Autonomous Council (KAAC) according to the provisions of the Sixth Schedule of the constitution of India. The district headquarters is in Diphu.
Cotterdale
Cotterdale is a small side dale and hamlet on the north side of Wensleydale in North Yorkshire, England. The dale lies to the west of Great Shunner Fell. It is drained by East Gill and West Gill, which between them have nine waterfalls. They join to form Cotterdale Beck, which flows over three more waterfalls, including Cotter Force, below which the beck joins the River Ure.

Historically it formed part of the North Riding of Yorkshire and the wapentake of Hang West.. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Richmondshire, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council. It is part of the Yorkshire Dales National Park.

The place name is thought to be derived from the Old Norse kotar, meaning "huts".

An Iron Age sword, with bronze scabbard, was found in Cotterdale, and is now in the British Museum.

A Primitive Methodist chapel existed in Cotterdale from 1835 to 1967; the chapel building is now a private house.

Dale (landform)
A dale is a valley, especially an open, gently-sloping ground between low hills with a stream flowing through it. It is used most frequently in  Yorkshire and the Southern Uplands of Scotland; the term "fell" commonly refers to mountains or hills that flank a dale. As with many other words, dale was preserved by Viking influence in Northern England.

It appears in various contexts, such as “up hill and down dale”, “over every hill and dale”, and “up all hills, down all dales”.
Gerd Rasp
Gerd Rasp (* born 10 May 1960, Bad Reichenhall) is a German physician of otorhinolaryngology with the additional specialties of plastic surgery and allergology. He is a professor and chairman of the hospital for otorhinolaryngology and dean for research affairs at the Paracelsus Private Medical University of Salzburg, Austria . He is known for his work in the fields of rhinology and tympanic surgery.

Middle ear
The middle ear is the portion of the ear medial to the eardrum, and distal to the oval window of the cochlea (of the inner ear).

The mammalian middle ear contains three ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes), which transfer the vibrations of the eardrum into waves in the fluid and membranes of the inner ear.  The hollow space of the middle ear is also known as the tympanic cavity and is surrounded by the tympanic part of the temporal bone. The auditory tube (also known as the Eustachian tube or the pharyngotympanic tube) joins the tympanic cavity with the nasal cavity (nasopharynx), allowing pressure to equalize between the middle ear and throat.

The primary function of the middle ear is to efficiently transfer acoustic energy from compression waves in air to fluid–membrane waves within the cochlea.
Quai Voltaire
The Quai Voltaire (French pronunciation: [kɛ vɔltɛʁ]) is a street and quay located in the 7th arrondissement of Paris. 308 meters long, it lies between the Quai Malaquais and the Quai Anatole-France. The Quai Voltaire begins at the Rue des Saints-Pères and ends at the Rue de Bac and the Pont Royal.

Wharf
A wharf (pl. wharves or wharfs), quay (/kiː/ kee, also /keɪ, kweɪ/ k(w)ay), staith, or staithe is a structure on the shore of a harbour or on the bank of a river or canal where ships may dock to load and unload cargo or passengers. Such a structure includes one or more berths (mooring locations), and may also include piers, warehouses, or other facilities necessary for handling the ships. Wharves are often considered to be a series of docks at which boats are stationed. A marginal wharf is connected to the shore along its full length.
Henry Wall (cricketer)
Henry Wall (20 April 1852 – 13 October 1914) was an English cricketer.  Born at Wigan, Lancashire, he was a right-handed batsman and right-arm roundarm fast bowler who made three appearances in first-class cricket.

The son of Thomas Wall, the founder of the Wigan Observer, Wall played the majority of his club cricket for Wigan (but did briefly play for Sefton Park in 1881), with Wall making his first-class cricket debut for Lancashire in 1877 against Sussex at Old Trafford. He made two further first-class appearances in 1877 for Lancashire, against Sussex at Hove and Kent at Maidstone. He scored a total of 24 runs in his three matches, with a high score of 15.

Local parish records indicate that he was by profession a mining engineer. He died at Southport, Lancashire on 13 October 1914. His brothers, William and Thomas, both played first-class cricket.

Wigan Cricket Club
Wigan Cricket Club is an English sports club in Lancashire founded in 1848. Located at Bull Hey, Parsons Walk, near the town centre of Wigan, its members voted in 2009 to change its name to Wigan Sports Club in recognition of the multiple sports it now hosts.

As of 2024, the club fields three senior sides in the Liverpool and District Cricket Competition, with the junior sides playing in the Wigan and District Cricket League.
Mike Smith (music executive)
Mike Smith is the global president of Downtown Music Publishing, a division of Downtown Music Holdings. Prior to this move, Smith was Managing Director at Warner/Chappell Music UK, part of the global music publishing arm of Warner Music Group.

Warner Chappell Music
Warner Chappell Music, Inc. is an American music publishing company and a subsidiary of the Warner Music Group. Warner Chappell Music's catalog consists of over 1.4 million compositions and 150,000 composers, with offices in over 40 countries.

It was formed in 1987 when Warner Music Group acquired Chappell & Co. and combined it with its existing music publishing division. Although the company previously had sheet music publishing activities, these were sold in 2005 and the company now focuses on music licensing and related services.
Dahinsara Junction railway station
Dahinsara Junction railway station is a  railway station on the Western Railway network in the state of Gujarat, India. Dahinsara Junction railway station is 27 km from Morbi railway station. Passenger trains halt here. Navlakhi Port is well connected to Dahinsara Junction by rail.

Port of Navlakhi
Navlakhi Port is an all-weather lighterage non-major intermediate port on the southwest end of the Gulf of Kutch in Hansthal Creek, India. The port is about 45 km from Morbi and 160 km from Kandla. Navigation is permitted only during daylight hours; boats use channel buoys for navigation. The port unloads 8,000 to 9,000 MT of coal per day. It is governed by the Gujarat Maritime Board. The nearest airports are in Rajkot (120 km) and Jamnagar (135 km).
WFEC Railroad Company
WFEC Railroad Company-- reporting mark: WFEC-- is a Class III industrial rail line running 14.98 miles from Western Farmers Electric Cooperative's Hugo Power Plant at Fort Towson, Oklahoma, near Hugo, to an interchange with the Texas, Oklahoma and Eastern Railroad (TOE) at Valliant, Oklahoma.   It is owned by Western Farmers, and was built in 1997.

Hugo, Oklahoma
Hugo is a city in and the county seat of Choctaw County, Oklahoma, United States. It is located in southeastern Oklahoma, approximately 9 miles (14 km) north of the Texas state line. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 5,166.

The city was founded in 1901 and named for the French novelist Victor Hugo. In the postwar 20th century, the city served as winter quarters for some circus companies and performers. A cemetery has a section for circus personnel. Nearby is one of the oldest boarding schools west of the Mississippi: Goodland Academy, begun in 1848 as a Presbyterian mission, school and orphanage for Native American children.

The town is located in a cultural area of the state known as Little Dixie, as it was settled by Native American tribes, African Americans and European Americans from the southeastern United States. It is within the tourist area designated as Choctaw Country by the Oklahoma Department of Tourism.
81st Flying Training Wing (World War II)
The 81st Flying Training Wing is an inactive United States Air Force unit.  It was last assigned to the Western Flying Training Command and was disbanded on 1 November 1945 at the Santa Ana Army Air Base, California.

The squadron was a World War II Command and Control unit. Its mission was to provide classification and preflight testing of aviation cadets.  It was one of three such centers; the others being at Maxwell Field, Alabama and San Antonio Aviation Cadet Center, Texas.

There is no lineage between the current United States Air Force 81st Training Wing, established on 15 April 1948 at Wheeler Field, Hawaii, and this organization.

Lackland Air Force Base
Lackland Air Force Base (IATA: SKF, ICAO: KSKF, FAA LID: SKF) is a United States Air Force (USAF) base located in Bexar County, Texas, United States. The base is under the jurisdiction of the 802d Mission Support Group, Air Education and Training Command (AETC) and an enclave of the city of San Antonio. It is the only site for USAF and United States Space Force enlisted Basic Military Training (BMT).

Lackland AFB is part of Joint Base San Antonio (JBSA), an amalgamation of Fort Sam Houston, Randolph AFB and Lackland AFB, which were merged on 1 October 2010. JBSA was established in accordance with congressional legislation implementing the recommendations of the 2005 Base Realignment and Closure Commission. The legislation ordered the consolidation of the three facilities which were adjoining, but separate military installations, into a single joint base – one of 12 joint bases formed in the United States as a result of the law.
Bekok railway station
The Bekok railway station is  railway located at and named after the town of Bekok, in the Segamat District of the state Johor. This railway station is served by KTM ETS service towards Padang Besar, KL Sentral and JB Sentral.

As part of the Gemas-Johor Bahru electrification and double-tracking project (EDTP), the original station was closed on 23 June 2021 and replaced with a temporary station at Jalan Station with makeshift platforms. The temporary station was replaced with the current new station, opened in August 2024, with the introduction of new KTM ETS services on 30 August 2025, operating alongside KTM Intercity services.

Since 1 January 2026, KTM Intercity train services no longer serve this station, with the termination of its Ekpres Selatan service.

KTM ETS
The KTM ETS, commercially known as ETS (Electric Train Service), is an inter-city higher-speed rail service in Malaysia. It is operated by Keretapi Tanah Melayu (KTM). ETS followed KTM Komuter to be the second electric train service to be operated by KTM. ETS is Malaysia's second inter-city rail service after KTM Intercity.

Launched in 2010, the ETS is Malaysia's fastest metre-gauge train service. It operates on the historical KTM West Coast Line in western Peninsular Malaysia. The line has since been mostly electrified and double-tracked. Its maximum speed of 140 km/h (87 mph) is among the world's fastest metre-gauge train services.

The service runs between both ends of the West Coast line, between Padang Besar, near the border with Thailand, to JB Sentral, near the border with Singapore.
Mittelmark
The Mittelmark (German pronunciation: [ˈmɪtl̩ˌmaʁk], lit. 'Middle March') is a historical region in eastern Germany that was the core territory of the Margrave of Brandenburg between the Oder and Elbe rivers.

The name refers to the location of the territory between the Altmark (Old March) and the Neumark (New March) and it lay roughly in the area of the earlier Nordmark.

The name of Mittelmark was used for a short-lived province of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1713 and again from 1993 to the present for the district of Potsdam-Mittelmark in the German state of Brandenburg. However, the southern part of the district containing Bad Belzig did not historically belong to Mittelmark, it was instead a part of Saxony.

Oder
The Oder (/ˈoʊ.dər/ OH-dər; Czech and Polish: Odra) is a river in Central Europe. It is Poland's second-longest river and third-longest within its borders after the Vistula and its largest tributary the Warta. The Oder rises in the Czech Republic and flows 742 kilometres (461 mi) through western Poland, later forming 187 kilometres (116 mi) of the border between Poland and Germany as part of the Oder–Neisse line. The river ultimately flows into the Szczecin Lagoon north of Szczecin and then into three branches (the Dziwna, Świna and Peene) that empty into the Bay of Pomerania of the Baltic Sea.
Oregon's 14th Senate district
Oregon's 14th Senate district comprises parts of Washington and Multnomah counties, including much of Beaverton and southwest Portland. It contains Oregon House districts 27 and 28. It is currently represented by Democrat Kate Lieber of Beaverton.

Beaverton, Oregon
Beaverton is a city in the Tualatin Valley, located in Washington County in the U.S. state of Oregon, with a small portion bordering Portland. The city is among the main cities that make up the Portland metropolitan area. Its population was 97,494 at the 2020 census, making it the second most populous city in the county and the seventh-most populous city in Oregon. Beaverton is an economic center for Washington County along with neighboring Hillsboro.