hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alfred Valenzuela
Alfred A. Valenzuela is a retired United States Army major general who commanded United States Army South (USARSO) at Fort Buchanan, Puerto Rico and San Antonio, Texas. He also served as Deputy Commanding General (DCINC) of U.S. Southern Command.

Valenzuela was deployed as part of 3rd Infantry Division as part of Operation Desert Storm.

Joint Meritorious Unit Award
The Joint Meritorious Unit Award (JMUA) is a US military award that was established on June 4, 1981, by Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger and was implemented by Department of Defense Directive 1348.27 dated July 22, 1982. The Joint Meritorious Unit Award was made retroactive to January 23, 1979.
USS Hamlin
Two ships of the United States Navy have been named USS Hamlin, after Hamlin Sound near Charleston, South Carolina.

USS Hamlin (CVE-15), was an escort carrier loaned to the United Kingdom in 1942 and operated as HMS Stalker until 1945, later being sold and converted to a merchant ship

USS Hamlin (AV-15), was a seaplane tender in service from 1944 to 1947

USS Hamlin (AV-15)
USS Hamlin (AV-15) was a Kenneth Whiting-class seaplane tender in the United States Navy.

Hamlin was launched by Todd-Pacific Shipyards, Inc., Tacoma, Washington on 11 January 1944; sponsored by Miss Constance Taffinder, daughter of Rear Admiral S. A. Taffinder; and commissioned on 26 June 1944.
Say Yes (Floetry song)
"Say Yes" is a song by English music duo Floetry. The song was issued as the second single from their debut studio album Floetic (2002), on 24 January 2003. It was written by Marsha Ambrosius along with Andre Harris, and was produced by Harris. The song was the group's only single to chart on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at #24 in 2003.

In 2014, Ambrosius revealed "Say Yes" was originally written for Ronald Isley for inclusion on The Isley Brothers' 2001 album, Eternal. However, Isley rejected the song in favor of the Jill Scott featured "Said Enough".

In 2004, the song was nominated for a Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal, but lost to "My Boo" by Usher and Alicia Keys. In 2012, Floetry member Natalie "The Floacist" Stewart recorded the song for her sophomore album Floetry Re:Birth.

Floetic
Floetic is the debut studio album by the English R&B duo Floetry, released by DreamWorks Records in the United States on 1 October 2002 and on Polydor Records in the United Kingdom on 25 November 2002.
Danny Almonte
Danny Almonte Rojas (born April 7, 1987) is a Dominican-American former baseball player who is an assistant baseball coach at Cardinal Hayes High School in New York City. Born in Moca in the Dominican Republic, Almonte was a Little League pitcher who threw up to 79 miles per hour (127 km/h). Considered a phenomenon as he led his Bronx team to a third place finish in the 2001 Little League World Series, Almonte was revealed to have actually been two years too old to play Little League baseball. Although there were many allegations during the 2001 Series, the truth was not revealed until weeks later.

Cardinal Hayes High School
Cardinal Hayes High School is a private, Catholic high school for boys 
located near the southern end of the Grand Concourse in the borough of the Bronx in New York City., New York. The school serves the Archdiocese of New York. It is a member of the Catholic High School Athletic Association. The building was constructed in the Art Deco style. It is named after Cardinal Patrick Joseph Hayes, a previous archbishop of the Archdiocese of New York.
Surname-i Hümayun
The Surname-i Hümayun (Ottoman Turkish and Persian: سورنامه همایون, romanized: Imperial Festival Books) were albums that commemorated celebrations in the Ottoman Empire in pictorial and textual detail. Such celebrations included mainly imperial weddings and circumcision festivals. These albums were commissioned by the Ottoman Imperial family, usually by the Sultan presiding at the time. The Surnames recount the festivities in order of when the events took place, which includes processions, grand entrances of the Sultan, feasts, entertainers, musicians, dancers, gift giving, firework displays, circumcision and wedding ceremonies. Although many of the Surnames were made to celebrate circumcisions of Ottoman princes, the first Surname was commissioned in 1524 for a wedding ceremony.

Wedding
A wedding is a ceremony in which two people are united in marriage. Wedding traditions and customs vary greatly between cultures, ethnicities, races, religions, denominations, countries, social classes, and sexual orientations. Most wedding ceremonies involve an exchange of marriage vows by a couple; a presentation of a gift (e.g., an offering, rings, a symbolic item, flowers, money, or a dress); and a public proclamation of marriage by an authority figure or celebrant. Special wedding garments are often worn, and the ceremony is sometimes followed by a wedding reception. Music, poetry, prayers, or readings from religious texts or literature are also commonly incorporated into the ceremony, as well as superstitious customs.
Issak Sibhatu
Issak Sibhatu (born 12 March 1989) is an Eritrean long-distance runner who specializes in the 5000 metres and cross-country running.

He was born in Adiblay. As a junior, he competed in the junior races at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships, finishing sixth in 2007 and sixteenth in 2008. He finished fifth in the 3000 metres at the 2005 World Youth Championships.

As a senior, he finished 24th at the 2009 World Cross Country Championships. The Eritrean team took bronze medals in the team competition; however Sibhatu's placement was too low to count in the team points.

His personal best times are 3:39.71 minutes in the 1500 metres, achieved in July 2008 in Madrid; 8:07.34 minutes in the 3000 metres, achieved in May 2005 in Arusha; and 13:24.10 minutes in the 5000 metres, achieved in June 2009 in Lugano.

2008 IAAF World Cross Country Championships
The 2008 IAAF World Cross Country Championships took place on March 30, 2008.  The races were held at the Holyrood Park in Edinburgh, United Kingdom.  Four races took place, one for men, women, junior men and junior women respectively. All races encompassed both individual and team competition. This was the year in which Kenenisa Bekele became the first athlete in World Cross history to win six individual long course titles, breaking his tie with John Ngugi and Paul Tergat who had each won five.  Reports of the event were given in The New York Times, in the Herald, and for the IAAF.
Ballybrown GAA
Ballybrown GAA club is a Gaelic Athletic Association club located in Clarina, County Limerick, Ireland. The club fields teams in both hurling and Gaelic football. In 2018, Ballybrown fielded teams at Senior, Junior A and Junior B in hurling, while also a team at Junior A in football. Ballybrown's biggest rivals are neighbours Patrickswell, the two clubs sharing 22 senior titles between them.

The club have two pitches in the village of Clarina. One pitch is to the north, towards Tervoe and one to the South, towards Elm Park and Breska Beg.

Clarina, County Limerick
Clarina (Irish: Clár Aidhne) is a village in County Limerick in the province of Munster, Ireland. It lies between Mungret and Kildimo on the N69 road 8 km (5 mi) west of the centre of Limerick city. The village is close to the River Maigue is a tributary of the River Shannon and enters the Shannon Estuary between Limerick city and the mouth of the Deel river, Askeaton, County Limerick.

Clarina is within the Patrickswell-Ballybrown parish. The main area of interest is the nearby location of Carrigogunnell Castle.
Devils River State Natural Area
Devils River State Natural Area is a 37,000-acre (15,000 ha) nature reserve consisting of the sections of three ecosystems, the Edwards Plateau, the Tamaulipan mezquital and the Chihuahuan Desert. It is located in Val Verde County, Texas, United States. Named for the whitewater Devils River that runs through it, the area was once part of a large working ranch, but purchased by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department in 1988. Devils River State Natural Area is a remote location surrounded by private ranches. Floating on the river is a three-day trip, with no modern conveniences available. While campsites are available, campers are advised to bring all basic necessities with them. Visitors are required to remove everything they bring into the area.

Texas Parks and Wildlife Department
The Texas Parks & Wildlife Department (TPWD) is a Texas state agency that oversees and protects wildlife and their habitats.  In addition, the agency is responsible for managing the state's parks and historical areas.  Its mission is to manage and conserve the natural and cultural resources of Texas and to provide hunting, fishing, and outdoor recreation opportunities for the use and enjoyment of present and future generations.

The agency maintains its headquarters at 4200 Smith School Road in Austin, Texas.
McCallion
McCallion is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Eddie McCallion (born 1979), Northern Irish footballer

Elisha McCallion (born 1982), Northern Irish politician

Enda McCallion (born 1967), Irish film director

Hazel McCallion (1921–2023), Canadian mayor

Mac McCallion (1950–2018), New Zealand rugby union coach

Marcus McCallion (born 1971), English graphic designer and typographer

Seamus McCallion, (born 1964), Irish rugby league player

Loca Records
Loca Records is a British independent electronica and post rock record label based in Brighton, England. All the music, artwork and videos are released under copyleft licenses and distributed physically on vinyl, CD, and cassette. Inspired by the free software movement, Loca Records allows similar freedoms as the GNU General Public License on their releases, including copying, re-release, modification, and sampling, with the requirement that the new work uses the same license.
Pachinko allocation
In machine learning and natural language processing, the pachinko allocation model (PAM) is a topic model. Topic models are a suite of algorithms to uncover the hidden thematic structure of a collection of documents.  The algorithm improves upon earlier topic models such as latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) by modeling correlations between topics in addition to the word correlations which constitute topics. PAM provides more flexibility and greater expressive power
than latent Dirichlet allocation.  While first described and implemented in the context of natural language processing, the algorithm may have applications in other fields such as bioinformatics.  The
model is named for pachinko machines—a game popular in Japan, in which metal balls bounce down around
a complex collection of pins until they land in various
bins at the bottom.

Natural language processing
Natural language processing (NLP) is the processing of natural language information by a computer. NLP is a subfield of computer science and is closely associated with artificial intelligence. NLP is also related to information retrieval, knowledge representation, computational linguistics, and linguistics more broadly.

Major processing tasks in an NLP system include: speech recognition, text classification, natural language understanding, and natural language generation.
Coco Levy Fund scam
The Coco Levy Fund Scam was a controversy in the 1970s and 1980s in the Philippines involving former President Ferdinand Marcos and his cronies. It was alleged that Marcos, Danding Cojuangco, Juan Ponce Enrile, and others conspired to tax coconut farmers, promising them the development of the coconut industry and a share of the investments, but on the contrary used the collection fund for personal profit, particularly in the purchase of United Coconut Planters Bank (UCPB) and a majority stake in San Miguel Corporation (SMC), to name two.

The issue is still ongoing up to this day, with coconut farmers fighting for justice against the forced taxation, and a share of the Coco Levy Fund's investments. The Coco Levy Fund is estimated to have ballooned anywhere in the range of ₱100 billion to 150 billion in assets.

In 2012, a Supreme Court decision awarded ₱71 billion in coconut levy funds to coconut farmers.

Philippine peso
The Philippine peso, also referred to by its Filipino name piso (Philippine English: /ˈpɛsɔː/ PEH-saw, /ˈpiː-/ PEE-, plural pesos; Filipino: piso [ˈpisɔː, ˈpɪsɔː]; sign: ₱; code: PHP), is the official currency of the Philippines. It is subdivided into 100 sentimo, also called centavos.

The peso has the symbol "₱", introduced during American rule in place of the original peso sign "$" used throughout Spanish America. Alternative symbols used are "PHP", "PhP", "Php", or just "P".

The monetary policy of the Philippines is conducted by the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas (BSP), established on January 3, 1949, as its central bank. It produces the country's banknotes and coins at its Security Plant Complex, which is set to move to New Clark City in Capas, Tarlac.
Rory Gilmore
Lorelai Leigh "Rory" Gilmore is a fictional character from the WB/CW television series Gilmore Girls portrayed by Alexis Bledel. She first appeared in the pilot episode of the series in 2000 and appeared in every episode until the series finale in 2007. Bledel's performance on the show earned her a Young Artist Award, a Family Television Award and two Teen Choice Awards. She also received nominations for an ALMA Award, a Satellite Award, and a Saturn Award.

Matt Czuchry
Matthew Charles Czuchry (/ˈzuːkri/; born May 20, 1977) is an American actor known for playing Logan Huntzberger in Gilmore Girls (2005–2007), Cary Agos on The Good Wife (2009–2015) and Conrad Hawkins on The Resident (2018–2023).
Harold Weitzner
Harold Weitzner is an American applied mathematician and physicist whose primary research is plasma physics.  He is Professor Emeritus of Mathematics at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences and has served as Director of the Magneto-Fluid Dynamics Division  at Courant since 1981, succeeding Harold Grad.  He has published over 120 research articles on the topics of plasma physics, magnetohydrodynamics, fluid mechanics, fractional equations and kinetics, and chaos.

Professor Weitzner received his Ph.D. in 1958 from Harvard University on the topic of "Hyperon-Nucleon Interactions".

In 1981 he was elected a Fellow of the American Physical Society.

Magnetohydrodynamics
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD; also called magneto-fluid dynamics or hydro­magnetics) is a model of electrically conducting fluids that treats all types of charged particles together as one continuous fluid. It is primarily concerned with the low-frequency, large-scale, magnetic behavior in plasmas and liquid metals and has applications in multiple fields including space physics, geophysics, astrophysics, and engineering.
HMS Russell
Five ships of the Royal Navy have been named HMS Russell in honour of Edward Russell, 1st Earl of Orford.

HMS Russell (1692), an 80-gun second-rate ship of the line, rebuilt in 1735 and sunk in 1762 at Sheerness.

HMS Russell (1764), launched in 1764, was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line, sold in 1811.

HMS Russell (1822), launched in 1822, was a 74-gun third-rate ship of the line, broken up in 1865.

HMS Russell (1901), launched in 1901, was a Duncan-class battleship, sunk in 1916 by a mine off Malta

HMS Russell (F97), launched in 1954, was a Blackwood-class or Type 14 second-rate anti-submarine frigate. Broken up in 1985.

HMS Russell (1692)
HMS Russell was an 80-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched at Portsmouth Dockyard on 3 June 1692. She was rebuilt according to the 1706 Establishment at Rotherhithe, and was relaunched on 16 March 1709. Instead of mounting her 80 guns on two decks, as she had done as originally built, she now mounted them on three decks, but remained classified as a third rate. On 4 February 1729 she was ordered to be taken to pieces and rebuilt to the 1719 Establishment at Deptford, from where she was relaunched on 8 September 1735.

Russell was sunk as a breakwater in 1762.
Svanemøllen
Svanemøllen (Swan Mill) is a wooden smock mill located just west of Svaneke on the Danish island of Bornholm. Built in 1857, it remained in service until the 1950s. Since 1960, it has been a listed building.

Smock mill
The smock mill is a type of windmill that consists of a sloping, horizontally weatherboarded, thatched, or shingled tower, usually with six or eight sides. It is topped with a roof or cap that rotates to bring the sails into the wind. This type of windmill got its name from its resemblance to smocks worn by farmers in an earlier period.
1875 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1875.

Burrow
A burrow is a hole or tunnel excavated into the ground by an animal to construct a space suitable for habitation or temporary refuge, or as a byproduct of locomotion. Burrows provide a form of shelter against predation and exposure to the elements, and can be found in nearly every biome and among various biological interaction types, including symbiosis and competition. Many animal species are known to form burrows. These species range from small amphipods, to very large vertebrate species such as the polar bear. Burrows can be constructed into a wide variety of substrates and can range in complexity from a simple tube a few centimeters long to a complex network of interconnecting tunnels and chambers hundreds or thousands of meters in total length; an example of the latter level of complexity, a well-developed burrow, would be a rabbit warren.
Ferraris (surname)
Ferraris is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adalgiso Ferraris (1890–1968), Italian-born British musician and composer

Amalia Ferraris (c. 1830–1904), Italian ballerina

Antonio de Ferraris (c. 1444–1517), Greek-Italian scholar and doctor

Attilio Ferraris (1904–1947), Italian footballer

Claudia Ferraris (born 1988), Italian beauty pageant winner

David Ferraris (born 1963), South African racehorse trainer, now in Hong Kong

Galileo Ferraris (1847–1897), Italian physicist and electrical engineer

Ines Maria Ferraris (1882–1971), Italian operatic soprano

Jan Ferraris (born 1947), American professional golfer

Joseph de Ferraris (1726–1814), Austrian general and cartographer

Lucius Ferraris (18th century), Italian Franciscan canonist

Maurizio Ferraris (born 1956), Italian philosopher and academic

Pietro Ferraris (1912–1991), Italian footballer

Zoë Ferraris American novelist

Jan Ferraris
Janis Jean Ferraris (born June 2, 1947) is an American professional golfer who played on the LPGA Tour.

Ferraris won the 1963 U.S. Girls' Junior and the Women's Western Junior in 1963 and 1964. She was LPGA Rookie of the Year in 1966.

Ferraris won twice on the LPGA Tour, in 1971 and 1972.
Kremersite
Kremersite is a rare mineral which is a hydrated multiple chloride of iron, ammonium and potassium with the formula: (NH4,K)2FeCl5·H2O. Kremersite is a brown-red to orange mineral that crystallizes in the orthorhombic system. It is a water-soluble mineral that is found around volcanic fumaroles. Occurs at Vesuvius, Italy and Mount Etna, Sicily. It was discovered in 1853 and named for the German chemist, Peter Kremers (born 1827).

Ammonium
Ammonium is a modified form of ammonia that has an extra hydrogen atom.  It is a positively charged (cationic) molecular ion with the chemical formula NH+4 or [NH4]+. It is formed by the addition of a proton (a hydrogen nucleus) to ammonia (NH3). Ammonium is also a general name for positively charged (protonated) substituted amines and quaternary ammonium cations ([NR4]+), where one or more hydrogen atoms are replaced by organic or other groups (indicated by R). Not only is ammonium a source of nitrogen and a key metabolite for many living organisms, but it is an integral part of the global nitrogen cycle. As such, human impact in recent years could have an effect on the biological communities that depend on it.
Can Boixeres (Barcelona Metro)
Can Boixeres is a station on line 5 of the Barcelona Metro.

The station is located on an open-air section of track between Carrer de l'Estronci and Camí de Can Boixeres, just south of the Ronda de Dalt, in L'Hospitalet de Llobregat. It was opened in 1976.

This station is one of Barcelona's few above-ground metro stations, although the platforms and rails are roofed. The single ticket hall, with one access, is located on the second storey.

There is a large train garage facility nearby.

L'Hospitalet de Llobregat
L'Hospitalet de Llobregat (Catalan pronunciation: [luspitəˈlɛd də ʎuβɾəˈɣat; ˌlɔs-]; Spanish: Hospitalet de Llobregat), often shortened to L'Hospitalet or just L'H, is a city and municipality in the autonomous community of Catalonia in Spain. It is part of the Barcelona metropolitan area, the Barcelona province, the Barcelonès comarca and of the Barcelona conurbation. With a population of 282,299 as of 2024, it is the 15th-largest city in Spain and the 2nd-largest city in Catalonia.

By population, it is the second largest municipality in Catalonia and the sixteenth in Spain. It is one of the most densely populated cities in the European Union.
USS Foreman
USS Foreman (DE-633), a Buckley-class destroyer escort of the United States Navy, was named in honor of Ensign Andrew L. Foreman (1920–1942), who was killed in action aboard the heavy cruiser USS New Orleans during the Battle of Tassafaronga on 30 November 1942. Ensign Foreman remained at his station to help in saving his ship until asphyxiated by gas generated by the explosion. He was posthumously awarded the Navy Cross for his heroic self-sacrifice.

Foreman was launched on 1 August 1943 at the Bethlehem Steel Company, in San Francisco, California, sponsored by Miss Nadine Foreman, sister of Ensign Foreman; and commissioned on 22 October 1943.

Navy Cross
The Navy Cross is the United States naval services' second-highest military decoration awarded for sailors and marines who distinguish themselves for extraordinary heroism in combat with an armed enemy force. The medal is equivalent to the Distinguished Service Cross of the United States Army, the Air Force Cross of the United States Air Force and Space Force, and the Coast Guard Cross of the United States Coast Guard; collectively, these awards are known as the "service crosses".

The Navy Cross is bestowed by the secretary of the Navy and may also be awarded to members of the other armed services, and to foreign military personnel while serving with the U.S. naval services. The Navy Cross was established by Act of Congress (Public Law 65-253) and approved on February 4, 1919.
Lloyd Lonergan
Lloyd Lonergan (March 3, 1870, Chicago, Illinois - April 6, 1937, New York City) was one of the most prolific scenario and screenwriters in  American silent film.

A brother-in-law of Edwin Thanhouser he worked for the Thanhouser Company based in New Rochelle, New York, writing screenplays for over 100 films.

His career was at its peak in the earlier short film era particularly in 1912 when Lonergan wrote the scripts for an astonishing 50 films. His sister Elizabeth Lonergan and brother Philip Lonergan were also a notable screenwriters, and his mother Ellen Mahoney Lonergan was a newspaper society editor.

New Rochelle, New York
New Rochelle (/rəˈʃɛl/ rə-SHEL) is a city in Westchester County, New York, United States. It is an inner suburb of New York City, located approximately 17 miles (27 km) from Midtown Manhattan. In 2020, the city had a population of 79,726, making it the 7th-largest city and 22nd-most populous municipality in New York.