hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mimusops afra
Mimusops afra (coastal red milkwood, Afrikaans: Kusrooimelkhout, Xhosa: Umthunzi, Sepedi: Mmupudu, Zulu: Umkhakhayi) is a species of tree in family Sapotaceae. This tree is found in coastal dune vegetation in Southern Africa from the Eastern Cape, through KwaZulu-Natal to southern Mozambique.

Zulu language
Zulu (/ˈzuːluː/ ZOO-loo), or isiZulu as an endonym, is a Southern Bantu language of the Nguni branch spoken in, and indigenous to, Southern Africa with about 13.56 million native speakers, who primarily inhabit the province of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa. The word "KwaZulu-Natal" translates into English as "Home of the Zulu Nation is Natal". Zulu is the most widely spoken home language in South Africa (24% of the population), and it is understood by over 50% of its population. It became one of South Africa's 12 official languages in 1994.

According to Ethnologue, it is the second-most widely spoken of the Bantu languages, after Swahili. Like many other Bantu languages, it is written with the Latin alphabet.

In South African English, the language is often referred to in its native form, isiZulu.
Overjet
In dentistry, overjet is the extent of horizontal (anterior-posterior) overlap of the maxillary central incisors over the mandibular central incisors. In class II (division I) malocclusion the overjet is increased as the maxillary central incisors are protruded.

Class II Division I is an incisal classification of malocclusion where the incisal edge of the mandibular incisors lie posterior to the cingulum plateau of the maxillary incisors with normal or proclined maxillary incisors (British Standards Index, 1983). There is always an associated increase in overjet.
In the Class II Division 2 incisal classification of malocclusion, the lower incisors occlude posterior to the cingulum plateau of the upper incisors and the upper central incisors are retroclined. The overjet is usually minimal but it may be increased.

Mandibular central incisor
The mandibular central incisor is the tooth located on the jaw, adjacent to the midline of the face. It is mesial (toward the midline of the face) from both mandibular lateral incisors.  As with all incisors, its function includes shearing or cutting food during mastication, commonly known as chewing.  There are no cusps on the tooth.  Instead, the surface area of the tooth used in eating is called an incisal ridge or incisal edge.  Though the two are similar, there are some minor differences between the deciduous (baby) mandibular central incisor and that of the permanent mandibular central incisor. The mandibular central incisors are usually the first teeth to appear in the mouth, typically around the age of 6–8 months.
The Narrows (Alaska)
The Narrows is a channel in Southeast Alaska, U.S.A. It is the shortest and narrowest stretch of waterway separating Wrangell Island from the mainland, connecting Blake Channel and Eastern Passage. It was named in 1917 by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. It was first traversed and charted in 1793 by James Johnstone, one of George Vancouver's officers during his 1791-95 expedition.

Southeast Alaska
57°34′48″N 135°29′14″W﻿ / ﻿57.58000°N 135.48722°W﻿ / 57.58000; -135.48722

Southeast Alaska, often abbreviated to southeast or southeastern, and sometimes called the Alaska(n) panhandle, is the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Alaska, bordered to the east and north by the northern half of the Canadian province of British Columbia (and a small part of Yukon). The majority of southeast Alaska is situated in Tlingit Aaní, much of which is part of the Tongass National Forest, the United States' largest national forest. In many places, the international border runs along the crest of the Boundary Ranges of the Coast Mountains (see Alaska boundary dispute). The region is noted for its scenery and mild, rainy climate.

The largest cities in the region are Juneau, Sitka, and Ketchikan. This region is also home to Hyder, the easternmost town in Alaska.
The Diary of a CEO
The Diary of a CEO is a podcast hosted and produced by British entrepreneur and investor Steven Bartlett. The first episode was released on September 29, 2017. The first interview for the podcast was with fellow CEO Mark Stringer, and Bartlett has since gone on to interview an array of guests. The Diary of a CEO is one of the world's most popular podcasts, regularly receiving millions of views per episode, and topping podcast charts, ranking No. 5 in the Spotify list of most popular podcasts globally in 2024.

Alok Kanojia
Alok M. Kanojia, also known as Dr. K. (born October 7, 1982), is an American psychiatrist and co-founder of the mental health coaching company Healthy Gamer. He streams interviews on Twitch, where he and participants discuss mental health topics.
Elephant bar
The elephant bar is a barbell developed by Rogue Fitness which is specifically used for the strongman raw deadlift. It was first created in 2016 by Terry Todd, the director of the Arnold Strongman Classic. The bar is known for being 10 ft (3.05 m) long and made from 200,000 psi tensile strength stainless steel, making it bend more than a power bar, and whip both up and down as well as forwards and backwards, while the deadlift is being performed.

Strongman
Strongman is a competitive strength sport that tests athletes' physical strength and endurance through a variety of heavy lifts and events. Strongman competitions are known for their intensity, pushing athletes to their physical and mental limits. In modern strongman, athletes compete to score points based on their relative position in an event. An athlete who engages in the sport of strongman is also called a 'strongman'. They are often regarded as some of the strongest men of the world.
Early Jazz: Its Roots and Musical Development
Early Jazz: Its Roots and Musical Development, by Gunther Schuller, is a seminal study of jazz from its origins through the early 1930s, first published in 1968.  It has since been translated into five languages (Italian, French, Japanese, Portuguese and Spanish). When it was published, it was the first volume of a projected two volume history of jazz through the Swing era.  (Schuller died before he could write a promised third volume, on the bebop period and after.)  The book takes an enthusiastic tone to its subject.  A notable feature of the series is transcriptions of jazz performances, which increase its value for the musically literate.

Bennie Moten
Benjamin Moten (November 13, 1893 – April 2, 1935) was an American jazz pianist and band leader born and raised in Kansas City, Missouri, United States.

He led his Kansas City Orchestra, the most important of the regional, blues-based orchestras active in the Midwest in the 1920s, and helped to develop the riffing style that would come to define many of the 1930s big bands. The jazz standard "Moten Swing" bears his name.
The Unknown Industrial Prisoner
The Unknown Industrial Prisoner (1971) is a Miles Franklin Award-winning novel by Australian author David Ireland.

In 1978 a film version was planned, to be produced by Richard Mason and directed by Arch Nicholson, with Ken Cameron also working on it. Funding was from Film Australia. However, the Minister for Home Affairs Bob Ellicott cancelled the film on the grounds it was uncommercial, a rare instance of political interference in the Australian film industry.

Arch Nicholson
Arch Nicholson (1941 – 24 February 1990) was an Australian film director.

He was born in Melbourne and grew up in Western Australia, originally training to be a teacher. Seeing Last Year at Marienbad made him want to become a filmmaker and he spent 12 years making documentaries at the Commonwealth Film Unit such as The Russians. He then began directing episodes of TV shows such as The Flying Doctors and Special Squad.

Nicholson was married to former Play School presenter Jan Kingsbury.

He died of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in 1990, aged 48.
María Ángela Nieto
María Ángela Nieto Toledano (Madrid, March 1, 1960) is a Spanish scientist, doctor in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. She is recognized for her groundbreaking work in the fields of developmental biology and cellular biology.

She works at the Institute for Neurosciences CSIC-UMH, a joint center of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC) and the Miguel Hernández University of Elche (UMH).

European Molecular Biology Organization
The European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) is a professional, non-profit organization of more than 2,100 life scientists. Its goal is to promote research in life science and enable international exchange between scientists. It co-funds courses, workshops and conferences, publishes five scientific journals and supports individual scientists.  The organization was founded in 1964 and is a founding member of the Initiative for Science in Europe. As of 2022 the Director of EMBO is Fiona Watt, a stem cell researcher, professor at King's College London and a group leader at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory.
Phase-field models on graphs
Phase-field models on graphs are a discrete analogue to phase-field models, defined on a graph. They are used in image analysis (for feature identification) and for the segmentation of social networks.

Image analysis
Image analysis or imagery analysis is the extraction of meaningful information from images; mainly from digital images by means of digital image processing techniques. Image analysis tasks can be as simple as reading bar coded tags or as sophisticated as identifying a person from their face.

Computers are indispensable for the analysis of large amounts of data, for tasks that require complex computation, or for the extraction of quantitative information.  On the other hand, the human visual cortex is an excellent image analysis apparatus, especially for extracting higher-level information, and for many applications — including medicine, security, and remote sensing — human analysts still cannot be replaced by computers.  For this reason, many important image analysis tools such as edge detectors and neural networks are inspired by human visual perception models.
Liu Jo
Liu Jo (stylized as LIU•JO)  is an Italian high fashion company founded by Marchi brothers in 1995 in Carpi, Italy. As of 2022, the company has 160 stores in Italy and another 200 located primarily in Europe.

2021–22 Serie A
The 2021–22 Serie A (known as the Serie A TIM for sponsorship reasons) was the 120th season of top-tier Italian football, the 90th in a round-robin tournament, and the 12th since its organization under an own league committee, the Lega Serie A. AC Milan won the title after defeating Sassuolo 3–0 at the Mapei Stadium – Città del Tricolore on 22 May 2022, the final matchday of the season.

AC Milan's title marked their 19th league title in their history and their first since 2011. Inter Milan, the defending champions, finished in second place, two points behind AC Milan.
Rose Ayling-Ellis: Old Hands, New Tricks
Rose Ayling-Ellis: Old Hands, New Tricks is a 2025 BBC documentary two-part television series. In it, deaf British actress Rose Ayling-Ellis teaches British sign language (BSL) to people at a retirement home, Hughenden Gardens Retirement Village, in Buckinghamshire. It premiered on BBC One and BBC iplayer on 26 March 2025.

After the first episode was broadcast, some viewers called the series "uplifting" and "amazing". The series has been well-reviewed. Deaf writer and filmmaker Charlie Swinbourne wrote, "It had everything you could hope for: charismatic presenters and relatable, sympathetic contributors,.. and a strong social message – that learning BSL can have a huge benefit for older deafened people". Rebecca Nicholson, writing in The Guardian, gave it 4 out of 5 stars, calling it a "smart, nuanced documentary that blossoms into something profound".

The residents carried on having weekly BSL lessons after the series finished.

British Sign Language
British Sign Language (BSL) is a sign language used in the United Kingdom and is the first or preferred language among the deaf community in the UK. Based on the percentage of people who reported 'using British Sign Language at home' on the 2011 Scottish Census, the British Deaf Association estimates there are 151,000 BSL users in the UK, of whom 87,000 are Deaf. People who are not deaf may also use BSL, as hearing relatives of deaf people, sign language interpreters or as a result of other contact with the British Deaf community. The language makes use of space and involves movement of the hands, body, face and head.
Eidsvoll Verk Station
Eidsvoll Verk Station (Norwegian: Eidsvoll Verk stasjon) is a railway station located on the Gardermoen Line at Råholt near Eidsvoll Verk in Eidsvoll, Norway. The station was taken into use in 1999 when the commuter trains to Eidsvoll started using the Gardermoen Line. It was designed by Arkitektskap and built in concrete, with details in metal and wood, and is sunk into the ground.

Eidsvoll
Eidsvoll (pronounced [ˈæ̀ɪdsvɔɫ] ⓘ; sometimes written as Eidsvold) is a municipality in Akershus county, Norway.  It is part of the Romerike traditional region.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Sundet.
Omar Acha
Omar Acha (born July 1971 in Argentina) is an Argentine historian and political essayist. He is a researcher at the Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas and also at the Centro de Investigaciones Filosóficas (Argentina). He teaches Philosophy of History at the Universidad de Buenos Aires. He was also a member of the editorial board of Herramienta. Revista de Teoría y Crítica Marxista, published in Buenos Aires.

His main fields of expertise are Marxism, Socialism, Psychoanalysis, History, Peronism, Social History, Intellectual History

National Scientific and Technical Research Council
The National Scientific and Technical Research Council (Spanish: Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET) is an Argentine government agency which directs and co-ordinates most of the scientific and technical research done in universities and institutes.
SS John Carter Rose
SS John Carter Rose was a Liberty ship built in the United States during World War II. She was named after John Carter Rose, a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit and previously was a United States District Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Maryland.

United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (in case citations, 4th Cir.) is a federal court located in Richmond, Virginia, with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:

District of Maryland

Eastern District of North Carolina

Middle District of North Carolina

Western District of North Carolina

District of South Carolina

Eastern District of Virginia

Western District of Virginia

Northern District of West Virginia

Southern District of West Virginia

The court is based at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. United States Courthouse in Richmond, Virginia. With 15 authorized judgeships, it is the 4th largest circuit among the 13 United States Courts of Appeals.
Flag of Saint Helena
The flag of Saint Helena consists of a Blue Ensign defaced with the shield from the British overseas territory's coat of arms.  Adopted in 1984 shortly after the island was granted a new coat of arms, it has been the flag since. Saint Helena's flag is similar to the flags of eight other British Overseas Territories, which are also Blue Ensigns with their respective coats of arms.

Saint Helena plover
The Saint Helena plover (Anarhynchus sanctaehelenae), locally known as the wirebird due to its thin legs, is a small wader endemic to the island of Saint Helena in the mid-Atlantic. The bird is similar in appearance to Kittlitz's plover and the Madagascar plover, but a little larger and an absence of chamois coloring. It is the national bird of St Helena and has been depicted on the country's coins. Populations in general have been declining. Threats include predation by cats, the introduction of the common myna, deforestation, off-road vehicle use, the Saint Helena Airport and a projected windfarm. In 2016, the population had recovered to about 560 mature individuals, from a previous minimum of less than 200 in 2006; consequently, the species was downlisted to Vulnerable from its previous assessment of Critically Endangered.
Jaime Nava
Jaime Nava de Olano (born in Madrid, 1 May 1983) is a Spanish retired rugby union player. He was a Spanish rugby union (FER) and sevens international. In addition to being frequently called up for Spain, he was also captain; with 79 caps, he is the second player with most international caps for his country. Currently he collaborates with FER as rugby ambassador for Spain. Furthermore, in the later years he was known publicly after his stint on the RTVE cooking show MasterChef Celebrity and for his role as secondary actor in the series La Unidad, aired by Movistar+. In October 2020 he published his first book TEAM! Lecciones y valores del rugby para la vida (Diëresis).

Movistar Plus+
Movistar Plus+ (formerly Movistar+) is the trade name of the subscription platform for digital television owned by Telefónica, which operates in Spain. The service is distributed via optical fiber and ADSL as well as with satellites such as Astra. The platform, which was officially launched on July 8, 2015, stems from the merger of Canal+, previously responsible for the satellite TV operations, and Telefónica's Movistar TV. It is the largest subscription television provider in Spain with 3.7 million customers and 45% of market share.
Don Pringle
Donald James Pringle (1 May 1932 – 4 October 1975) was a British landscaper and a Kenyan international cricketer who represented East Africa at the 1975 Cricket World Cup. He was born in England and moved to Kenya in the late 1950s. His son Derek Pringle played international cricket for England.

East Africa cricket team
The East Africa cricket team was a multi-national cricket team representing the countries of Uganda, Kenya, Tanzania and Zambia. Their first game was against Rhodesia in 1951. East Africa appeared in the 1975 World Cup and the 1979, 1982 and 1986 ICC Trophies. In the last two of these Kenya was represented in its own right, so that East Africa was effectively a Ugandan, Tanzanian and Zambian team.

East Africa was an associate member of the ICC from 1966 to 1989, after which its place was taken by East and Central Africa.
James Manger
James G. Manger (born 10 January 1958) is a former English cricketer.  Manger was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace.  He was born in Headington, Oxfordshire.

Manger made his debut for Oxfordshire in the 1977 Minor Counties Championship against Wiltshire.  Manger played Minor counties cricket for Oxfordshire from 1977 to 1984, which included 24 Minor Counties Championship matches and 4 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. He made his List A debut against Warwickshire in the 1984 NatWest Trophy.  He played a further List A match the following season against the same opposition in the 1985 NatWest Trophy. In his 2 List A matches he scored 26 runs at a batting average of 13.00, with a high score of 17.

1984 NatWest Trophy
The 1984 NatWest Trophy was an English limited overs county cricket tournament which was held between 4 July and 1 September 1984. The fourth NatWest Trophy tournament, it was won by Middlesex who defeated Kent by 4 wickets in the final at Lord's.
South of Sanity (song)
"South of Sanity" is a song recorded by American country music singer Zach Top. It was released in January 2026 as the second single from his second studio album, Ain't in It for My Health. Top co-wrote the song with Carson Chamberlain and Mark Nesler, and was produced by Chamberlain.

Carson Chamberlain
Carson Chamberlain (born in Berea, Kentucky) is an American songwriter, record producer and session musician who works mainly in the field of country music.

He worked as a bandleader and steel guitarist for Keith Whitley until Whitley died in 1989. Afterward, he worked as a touring manager for Alan Jackson and Clint Black. Chamberlain became an A&R director at Mercury Nashville in 1994, but later retired from that position. He has also worked as a record producer for several Mercury acts, including Mark Wills, Billy Currington and Easton Corbin.

Chamberlain co-wrote the songs "Love's Got a Hold on You", "Everything I Love" and "Between the Devil and Me" for Jackson; "The Best Day" for George Strait; and "Walk a Little Straighter" and "I Got a Feelin'" for Currington.
Kalaat es Senam
Kalaat es Senam, Kalaat Senan, or  Kalâat Snan (Tunisian Arabic: قلعة سنان) is a town in western Tunisia in the Kef Governorate.  It is the administrative center of Kalaat Senan Delegation and had 15,621 inhabitants (As of 2014 census). The town is a market town for the agriculture in the area, where wheat and oats are grown and cattle and sheep are grazed.

Kalaat es Senam is named after the nearby fortress (qalat) built upon the Jugurtha Tableland (a mesa).

The town is located within the territory of the Ouled Boughanem tribe.

Qalat (fortress)
Qalat or kalata (قلعه) in Persian, and qal'a(-t) or qil'a(-t) (قلعہ‎, قلعة) in Arabic, means 'fortress', 'fortification', 'castle', or simply 'fortified place'. The common English plural is "qalats" in Arabic, the singular is "qala", but English may use "one qalat/many qalats".

Qalats can range from forts like Rumkale to the mud-brick compound common throughout southwest Asia. The term is used in the entire Muslim world to indicate a defensive fortress. The term took various forms in different languages, such as qala/qal'a and qalat/qal'at (Persian and Arabic), kale (Turkish), kaleh and kalleh (Persian), qila (Urdu and Hindi), and often became part of place-names. It is even preserved in toponyms in places such as Sicily, which was occupied by the Aghlabid dynasty and then the Fatimids from the ninth to the twelfth centuries.

The word is used an various Arabic placenames.
Maldhari
The Maldhari is a occupational term or title used by several herdsmen or animal husbandry castes.

Most Maldhari live in Kutch district in Gujarat and are spread over 48 hamlets that are organized into 19 Panchayats. Their populations have increased to around 25,000 with 90 per cent belonging to the Muslim community and 10 per cent to the Hindu community. Other caste such as the Koli, Kathi, Charan, Rabari and Bharwad reside in Kutch district of Gujarat, India. The Gir Forest National Park is home to around 8,400 Maldharis as of 2007.

The Maldhari Muslim tribes in Kutch include Halepotra, Raysipotra, Mutva, Jat, Hingorja, Node, Sumra, Juneja, Jiyenja, Theba, Saiyyad, Korad, Khaskeli, Bambha, Pathan, Sameja, Bafan, Bayad, Ker, Meta Qureshi, Mutwa, Raysipotra, Royma, Hingora, Chakee, Samma, Sanghar, Soomra, Baloch and Munjavar. While the Hindu Maldhari are from the Meghwal and Vadha Koli communities.

Juneja
Juneja/Junejo (Sindhi: جوڻيجا‎) is a Sindhi Sammat clan found in Sindh, Pakistan and in some parts of India. The most notable Juneja include: Jam Juna I, a ruler of Sindh and Muhammad Khan Junejo, a former prime minister of Pakistan.