hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Abyssobrotula galatheae
Abyssobrotula galatheae is a species of cusk eel in the family Ophidiidae. It is the deepest-living fish known; one specimen, trawled from a depth of 8,370 m (27,460 ft) in the Puerto Rico Trench in 1970, holds the record for the deepest fish ever captured. Although generally recognized, some have suggested that the record-breaking individual might have been caught with a non-closing net (a net that is open on the way up and down into the deep) and therefore perhaps caught shallower.

The first examples of this fish were misidentified by Staiger as Bassogigas profundissimus, before being described as a new species by Jørgen G. Nielsen in 1977. The species name refers to the research ship HDMS Galathea, which captured the first specimens during the second Galathea expedition.

Lateral line
The lateral line, also called the lateral line organ, is a system of sensory organs found in fish, used to detect movement, vibration, and pressure gradients in the surrounding water. The sensory ability is achieved via modified epithelial cells, known as hair cells, which respond to displacement caused by motion and transduce these signals into electrical impulses via excitatory synapses. Lateral lines play an important role in schooling behavior, predation, and orientation.

Early in the evolution of fish, some of the sensory organs of the lateral line were modified to function as the electroreceptors called ampullae of Lorenzini. The lateral line system is ancient and basal to the vertebrate clade, as it is found in fishes that diverged over 400 million years ago.
Shared residency in England
Shared residence, joint residence, or shared parenting refers to the situation where a child of parents who have divorced or separated live with each parent at different times, such as every other week. With shared residency, both parents have parental responsibility. Shared residency does not mean that the time the child spends with each parent must be equal.

Marital separation
Marital separation occurs when spouses in a marriage stop living together without getting divorced. Married couples may separate as an initial step in the divorce process or to gain perspective on the marriage and determine whether divorce is warranted. Other couples may separate as an alternative to divorce for economic or religious reasons, for tax purposes, or to ensure continuing retirement and/or health insurance benefits for both spouses. A separation can be initiated informally, or there can be a legal separation with a formal separation agreement filed with the court. As for a divorce, the latter may include provisions for alimony, whether to have sole custody or shared parenting of any children, and the amount of child support.
Pannaria formosana
Pannaria formosana is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), squamulose (scaley) to foliose (leafy) lichen in the family Pannariaceae. Found in eastern Asia, it was formally described as a new species in 2001 by the Norwegian lichenologist Per Magnus Jørgensen. The type specimen was collected in February, 1965 by Syo Kurokawa from Chinsueiin Pass, (Taitung Prefecture, Taiwan).

The lichen forms brown, circular patches up to about 5 cm (2 in) in diameter with lobes up to 2 mm wide. These lobes have whitish, pruina-like isidioid secondary lobules. Apothecia occur rarely in this species, and mature ascospores have not been found. The PD+ (orange) chemical spot test reaction indicates the presence of parietin, a lichen product. Pannaria formosana is found in the lowland forests of southern Taiwan and Honshu, Japan, although the author suggests a potentially wider distribution in the islands of Southeast Asia.

Per Magnus Jørgensen
Per Magnus Jørgensen (born 1944) is a Norwegian botanist and lichenologist, and Professor Emeritus of systematic botany at the University of Bergen. He is known for his work on the lichen families Pannariaceae and Collemataceae. Jørgensen was awarded the Acharius Medal in 2021 for his lifetime contributions to lichenology.
Sinasamba Kita
Sinasamba Kita (transl. I am worshipping you / international title: All for You) is a 2007 Philippine television drama series broadcast by GMA Network. Based on a Philippine graphic novel written by Gilda Olvidado, the series is the first instalment of Sine Novela. Directed by Joel Lamangan, it stars Sheryl Cruz, Wendell Ramos, Valerie Concepcion and Carlo Aquino. It premiered on April 30, 2007 on the network's Dramarama sa Hapon line up. The series concluded on July 27, 2007 with a total of 65 episodes.

Philippine television drama
Philippine television drama, also known as teleserye is a form of melodramatic, serialized, televised fiction in the Philippines. Teleserye is derived from two Filipino words: "tele", short for "telebisyón" (television), and "serye" (series).

Teleseryes share characteristics with and have roots similar to soap operas and telenovelas. They have evolved into a genre with unique characteristics, however, and often reflect Filipino social reality. Teleseryes are aired in the afternoon and prime time, five days a week. Their audience crosses age and gender lines, and they have the highest advertising rates in the Philippine television industry. Series last from three months to a year or longer, depending on ratings.

Philippine TV dramas also include serials and anthologies, usually shown weekly. These dramas have a finite number of episodes and usually last one season, again depending on ratings.
Ira Jeffries
Ira L. Jeffries (20 March 1932–16 July 2010) was an American playwright, journalist, and actress. In 1985, she won the Audelco Theatre Award for excellence in playwriting. She received a Bachelor of Arts in communications at City College of New York in 1987. In 1992, she founded the Kaleidoscope Theater Company for issues relevant to the LGBT community. She produced plays at the company in association with WOW Café. She wrote 21 one-act and full-length plays. She both acted in The Watermelon Woman, a 1996 black lesbian romcom, and assisted in the production. She wrote for publications such as B & G Magazine, The New Harlem Magazine, New York Amsterdam News, Womanews and Sappho's Isle. Some of her papers are housed at the New York Public Library, and others in the Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture's In the Life Archive.

New York Amsterdam News
The Amsterdam News (also known as New York Amsterdam News) is a weekly Black-owned newspaper serving New York City. It is one of the oldest newspapers geared toward African Americans in the United States and has published columns by such figures as W. E. B. Du Bois, Roy Wilkins, and Adam Clayton Powell Jr., and was the first to recognize and publish Malcolm X. From 1916 to 1938, the paper operated from the New York Amsterdam News Building on Seventh Avenue in Harlem. The building is a National Landmark.
Thomas Parry (Comptroller of the Household)
Sir Thomas Parry (c. 1515 – 15 December 1560) was a Comptroller of the Household to the English Queen Elizabeth I.

He was knighted by Elizabeth at her accession in 1558, and held the offices of royal steward, Cofferer, Privy Counsellor, Comptroller of the Household (appointed November 1558), Master of the Court of Wards and Liveries (appointed 26 April 1559), Member of Parliament for Wallingford (elected 1547, 1552, 1555), Hertfordshire (elected 5 January 1558–9), and Lord Lieutenant of Berkshire (appointed 1559).

Wallingford (UK Parliament constituency)
Wallingford was a parliamentary constituency in England, represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of England until 1707, then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1885.

It was a parliamentary borough created in 1295, centred on the market town Wallingford in Berkshire (now in Oxfordshire). It used to return two Members of Parliament (MPs) to the House of Commons; this was cut to one in 1832, and the constituency was abolished in 1885. The town of Wallingford is now within the constituency of Didcot and Wantage.
Monroe Bank & Trust
Monroe Bank & Trust was a bank headquartered in Monroe, Michigan, a subsidiary of MBT Financial Corp., a bank holding company. It operated 20 branches, including 14 branches in Monroe County, Michigan and 6 branches in Wayne County, Michigan. In September 2019, the company was acquired by First Merchants Corporation.

Bank holding company
A bank holding company is a company that controls one or more banks, but does not necessarily engage in banking itself. The compound bancorp (banc/bank + corp[oration]) or bancorporation is often used to refer to such companies as well, particularly in the United States.
Battle of Britton's Lane
The Battle of Britton's Lane occurred September 1, 1862, near the village of Denmark in rural Madison County, Tennessee, during the American Civil War.

Ordered to raid north from Mississippi by Maj. Gen. Sterling Price, commanding the Army of the West, thus to prevent Ulysses S. Grant's reinforcing Maj. Gen. Don Carlos Buell in Tennessee, Brig. Gen. Frank C. Armstrong's cavalry brigade struck Col. Elias S. Dennis's Federal force of two cavalry troops, a battery and two infantry regiments. After four hours, in which they suffered heavy losses while taking 213 prisoners, and two field pieces, the raiders withdrew, their mission accomplished.

Frank Crawford Armstrong
Francis Crawford Armstrong (November 22, 1835 – September 8, 1909) was a United States Army cavalry officer and later a brigadier general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. He is also known for being the only Confederate general to fight on both sides during the Civil War.
Internet censorship and surveillance in Asia
This list of Internet censorship and surveillance in Asia provides information on the types and levels of Internet censorship and surveillance that is occurring in countries in Asia.

Detailed country by country information on Internet censorship and surveillance is provided in the Freedom on the Net reports from Freedom House, by the OpenNet Initiative, by Reporters Without Borders, and in the Country Reports on Human Rights Practices from the U.S. State Department Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. The ratings produced by several of these organizations are summarized below as well as in the Censorship by country article.

Secure Computing Corporation
Secure Computing Corporation (SCC) was a public company that developed and sold computer security appliances and hosted services to protect users and data. McAfee acquired the company in 2008.

The company also developed filtering systems used by governments such as Iran and Saudi Arabia that blocks their citizens from accessing information on the Internet.
Andrea Michaela Schartel
Andrea Michaela Schartel (born 30 June 1964) is an Austrian politician of the Freedom Party. She has been a member of the National Council since 2024, having previously served from 2018 to 2019. From 2019 to 2024, she was a member of the Federal Council.

National Council (Austria)
The National Council (Austrian German: Nationalrat, pronounced [nat͡si̯oˈnaːlˌʁaːt] ⓘ) is one of the two houses of the Austrian Parliament and is frequently referred to as the lower house. The constitution endows the National Council with far more power than the Federal Council.
Number 1 Spot
#1 Spot is a music compilation album distributed by Def Jam.  Released June 14, 2005, it features seventeen hip hop R&B hits in chronological order which were released since the launch of the record label in 1985 until 2003, including releases under the Island and the now-defunct Def Soul imprints.  Hence the title of the album (which was inspired by a song by Ludacris), all went to the number-one spot on the Billboard R&B chart, with five songs reaching the Billboard Hot 100 number-one spot:  This Is How We Do It, Incomplete, Always on Time, Foolish and Stand Up.

Def Jam Recordings
Def Jam Recordings (also simply known as Def Jam) is an American multinational record label owned by Universal Music Group. It is based in Manhattan, New York City, specializing predominantly in hip-hop, contemporary R&B, soul and pop.

The label has a London-based, UK arm known as 0207 Def Jam (formerly Def Jam UK in the 1990s until the mid-2000s) and is currently operated through EMI Records. It has a Johannesburg, South Africa and Lagos, Nigeria-based arm known as Def Jam Africa.
Ramon Kaju
Ramon Kaju (born 19 February 1973 in Viljandi) is a retired Estonian high jumper and decathlete.

He finished tenth at the 1998 European Indoor Championships. He also competed at the 1998 European Championships without reaching the final.

His personal best jump is 2.28 metres, achieved in August 1998 in Haapsalu. His personal best in decathlon was 7608 points achieved in 1997.

In 2000–2001 he played basketball in Estonian League team Nybit.

Haapsalu
Haapsalu (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈhɑːpsɑlu]) is a seaside resort town located on the west coast of Estonia. It is the administrative centre of Lääne County, and on 1 January 2020 it had a population of 9,375.
Regions of Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan is divided into 12 regions (viloyatlar, singular – viloyat, viloyati in compound, e.g. Toshkent viloyati), 1 autonomous republic (respublika, respublikasi in compound, e.g. Qaraqalpaqstan Avtonom Respublikasi), and 1 independent city (shahar or shahri in compounds, e.g. Toshkent shahri).

Autonomous republic
An autonomous republic is a type of administrative division similar to a province or state. A significant number of autonomous republics can be found within the successor states of the Soviet Union, but the majority are located within Russia.  Many of these republics were established during the Soviet period as Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republics, or ASSRs.
Rimantė Jonušaitė
Rimantė Jonušaitė (born 25 October 2003) is a Lithuanian footballer who played as a forward for Servette FC Chênois on loan from A.C. Milan in the Serie A between January 2024 and the end of the 2023/2024 season before being transferred on a permanent basis to the Swiss club by signing a deal until 2026. She has appeared for the Lithuania women's national team.

Servette FC Chênois Féminin
Servette FC Chênois Féminin (French pronunciation: [sɛʁvɛt ɛfse ʃɛnwa feminɛ̃]) is a women's football club from Geneva, Switzerland. Its first team plays in the top tier in Switzerland and often in UEFA Champions League.
Roth's theorem
In mathematics, Roth's theorem or Thue–Siegel–Roth theorem is a fundamental result in diophantine approximation to algebraic numbers. It is of a qualitative type, stating that algebraic numbers cannot have many rational approximations that are 'very good'. Over half a century, the meaning of very good here was refined by a number of mathematicians, starting with Joseph Liouville in 1844 and continuing with work of Axel Thue (1909),  Carl Ludwig Siegel (1921), Freeman Dyson (1947), and Klaus Roth (1955).

Wolfgang M. Schmidt
Wolfgang M. Schmidt (born 3 October 1933) is an Austrian mathematician working in the area of number theory. He studied mathematics at the University of Vienna, where he received his PhD, which was supervised by Edmund Hlawka, in 1955. Wolfgang Schmidt is a Professor Emeritus at the University of Colorado at Boulder and a member of the Austrian Academy of Sciences and the Polish Academy of Sciences.
I Can Quit Whenever I Want (2019 film)
I Can Quit Whenever I Want (Spanish: Lo dejo cuando quiera) is a 2019 Spanish crime comedy film directed by Carlos Therón starring David Verdaguer, Ernesto Sevilla and Carlos Santos. It is a remake of the 2014 Italian film of the same name.

David Verdaguer
David Verdaguer Ruiz (born 28 September 1983) is a Spanish actor and comedian. His career include works both in Spanish and Catalan such as 10,000 km (2014), Summer 1993 (2017), for which he received the Goya Award for Best Supporting Actor and One for All (2020). He won the Goya Award for Best Leading Actor for his portrayal of comedian Eugenio in Jokes & Cigarettes (2023).
GStreamer
GStreamer is a pipeline-based multimedia framework that links together a wide variety of media processing systems to complete complex workflows. For instance, GStreamer can be used to build a system that reads files in one format, processes them, and exports them in another. The formats and processes can be changed in a plug and play fashion.

GStreamer supports a wide variety of media-handling components, including simple audio playback, audio and video playback, recording, streaming and editing. The pipeline design serves as a base to create many types of multimedia applications such as video editors, transcoders, streaming media broadcasters and media players.

It is designed to work on a variety of operating systems, e.g. the BSDs, OpenSolaris, Linux, Android, macOS, iOS, Windows, OS/400.

GStreamer is free and open-source software subject to the terms of the LGPL-2.1-or-later and is being hosted at freedesktop.org.

Pipeline (computing)
In computing, a pipeline, also known as a data pipeline, is a set of data processing elements connected in series, where the output of one element is the input of the next one. The elements of a pipeline are often executed in parallel or in time-sliced fashion. Some amount of buffer storage is often inserted between elements.
Dorsale dei Peloritani
The Dorsale dei Peloritani is a 70 km (43 mi) panoramic path that runs through the Peloritani mountains in Sicily at a height of around 1,000 m (3,300 ft). Its origins are lost in time. It starts from Monte Dinnammare, overlooking the Strait of Messina where there is the homonymous sanctuary, and ends at Rocca di Novara.

Sanctuary
A sanctuary, in its original meaning, is a sacred place, such as a shrine, protected by ecclesiastical immunity. By the use of such places as a haven, by extension the term has come to be used for any place of safety. This secondary use can be categorized into human sanctuary, a safe place for people, such as a political sanctuary; and non-human sanctuary, such as an animal or plant sanctuary.
Gabrielle Rose (swimmer)
Gabrielle Elaine Franco Rose (born November 1, 1977) is a Brazilian-American competition swimmer who participated in the 1996 Atlanta and 2000 Sydney Olympics. A resident of Memphis, Tennessee, Rose swam for Stanford University, competed for Brazil at the 1995 Pan American Games and 1996 Summer Olympics, but later represented the United States beginning with the 1999 Pan American Games.

1999 Pan American Games
The 1999 Pan American Games, officially the XIII Pan American Games (French: XIII Jeux panaméricains) or the 13th Pan American Games and commonly known as Winnipeg 1999, were a major international multi-sport event that was held from July 23 to August 8, 1999, in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada and surrounding towns and cities. Canoeing competitions started the day before the games officially began. Approximately 5,000 athletes from 42 nations participated in the games to vie for a total of 330 medal events in 34 sports and 42 disciplines.

Financially, the 1999 games were a success, generating a surplus of $8.9 million through a combination of fiscal restraint and the contribution of nearly 20,000 volunteers.

The 1999 Pan American Games were the second Pan American Games hosted by Canada and Winnipeg. Previously, Winnipeg hosted the 1967 Pan American Games.
Garnierite
Garnierite is a general name for a green nickel ore which is found in pockets and veins within weathered and serpentinized ultramafic rocks. It forms through lateritic weathering of ultramafic rocks and occurs in many nickel laterite deposits worldwide. It is an important nickel ore, having a large weight percent NiO. As garnierite is not a valid mineral name according to the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC), no definite composition or formula has been universally adopted. Some of the proposed compositions are all hydrous Ni-Mg silicates, a general name for the Ni-Mg hydrosilicates which usually occur as an intimate mixture and commonly includes two or more of the following minerals: serpentine, talc, sepiolite, smectite, or chlorite, and Ni-Mg silicates, with or without alumina, that have X-ray diffraction patterns typical of serpentine, talc, sepiolite, chlorite, vermiculite or some mixture of them all.

Serpentinite
Serpentinite is a metamorphic rock composed predominantly of serpentine group minerals formed by serpentinization of mafic or ultramafic rocks. The ancient origin of the name is uncertain; it may be from the similarity of its texture or color to snake skin. Greek pharmacologist Dioscorides (AD 50) recommended this rock to prevent snakebite.

Serpentinite has been called serpentine or serpentine rock, particularly in older geological texts and in wider cultural settings.

Most of the chemical reactions necessary to synthesize acetyl-CoA, essential to basic biochemical pathways of life, take place during serpentinization. Serpentinite thermal vents are therefore considered a candidate for the origin of life on Earth.
Rivara (surname)
Rivara is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Fred Rivara, American epidemiologist and public safety expert

Javier Rivara, Argentine skier and Olympian

María Cecilia Rivara, Chilean computer scientist

María Cecilia Rivara
María Cecilia Rivara Zúñiga is a Chilean computer scientist known for her research in mesh refinement for the finite element method. She is a professor of computer science at the University of Chile, where she was the first woman to earn an engineer's degree in mathematics.
Acristatherium
Acristatherium yanensis is an extinct basal eutherian from the Early Cretaceous (early Aptian, about 125 million years ago) Lujiatun Bed of the Yixian Formation. It was described on the basis of a single specimen (holotype) from Beipiao, Liaoning, China, by Yaoming Hu, Jin Meng, Chuankui Li, and Yuanqing Wang in 2010. The specimen comprises a partial skull, 25 mm (0.98 in) long. It appears to possess a vestige of a septomaxilla, a feature only otherwise seen in nonmammalian therapsids.

Yixian Formation
The Yixian Formation (simplified Chinese: 义县组; traditional Chinese: 義縣組; pinyin: Yìxiàn zǔ; formerly transcribed as Yihsien Formation or Yixiang Formation) is a geological formation in Jinzhou, Liaoning, People's Republic of China, that spans the Barremian stage of the Early Cretaceous. It is known for its exquisitely preserved fossils, and is mainly composed of basalts interspersed with siliciclastic sediments.
Henry McCauley Farm
Henry McCauley Farm is a historic farm complex in Hagerstown, Washington County, Maryland, United States. The house is a four-bay, two-story brick dwelling built between 1830 and 1850, with a four bay ell and a small one-story shed-roofed addition. The walls are set on low limestone foundations.  The property also includes a large stone and frame bank barn and a metal windmill for pumping water. It is one of two historic farm complexes located in Ditto Farm Regional Park, along with Ditto Knolls.

The Henry McCauley Farm was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

Bank barn
A bank barn or banked barn is a style of barn which is accessible from the ground, on two separate levels. Often built into the side of a hill or bank, the upper and the lower floors could both be accessed from the ground, one area at the top of the hill and the other at the bottom. The second level of a bank barn could also be accessed from a ramp if a hill was unavailable.

Examples of bank barns can be found in the United Kingdom, in the United States, in eastern Canada, in Norway, in the Dordogne in France, and in Umbria, Italy, among other places.