hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Indian Council of World Affairs
The Indian Council of World Affairs (ICWA) is a New Delhi based Indian think-tank. Established in 1943, it was India's first independent international affairs think tank. It was founded in 1943 when several members of the Indian Institute of International Affairs (IIIA) decided to form a separate institute. The ICWA affiliated itself with the Indian National Congress, whereas the IIIA supported the British Indian government.

By an Act of Parliament, it has been declared an institution of national importance in 2001. The Vice President of India is the ex-officio President of ICWA, while the Minister of External Affairs is its Vice-President. It is housed in Sapru House, the name being derived from Sir Tej Bahadur Sapru, who was also the founder President of the Council. ICWA is a member of the United Nations Academic Impact.

ICWA has been called by media as one of India's influential think-tanks, but is seen only as an extension of the Ministry of External Affairs.

Institutes of National Importance
In India, an Institution of National Importance (INI) refers to a premier public higher education institution granted special status by the constitution or an act of the Parliament of India. Such institutions are recognized for their pivotal role in developing highly skilled personnel within a specified region of the country or state. Institutes of National Importance enjoy special recognition, greater autonomy, and direct funding from the Government of India.

At the inception of the Constitution of India, the Seventh Schedule declared Banaras Hindu University and Aligarh Muslim University as institutes of national importance. Subsequently 32nd Amendment in 1973 added University of Delhi to the schedule. Other institutions are accorded as INI by legislations or statutory orders.
Behrokh Khoshnevis
Behrokh Khoshnevis is an American inventor, professor and CEO of Contour Crafting Corporation, a US-based infrastructure and technology company. He is active in CAD/CAM, robotics and mechatronics-related research. His work includes the development of three novel 3D printing processes: Contour crafting, SIS, and SSS. Khoshnevis holds more than 100 patents worldwide, including patents  in the fields of robotics, automation, fabrication technologies, oil and gas and renewable energy technologies, mechatronics systems for biomedical applications, and tactile sensing devices.

Khoshnevis is a professor of engineering of the University of Southern California, where he sits as director of the Center for Rapid Automated Fabrication Technologies (CRAFT).

CAD/CAM
CAD/CAM refers to the integration of computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM). Both of these require powerful computers. CAD software helps designers and draftsmen; CAM "reduces manpower costs" in the manufacturing process.
Salix caroliniana
Salix caroliniana, commonly known as the coastal plain willow, is a shrub or small tree native to the southeastern United States, Mexico and parts of Central America and the Caribbean. It is an obligate wetland species and grows as an emergent species in the Everglades. In the absence of fire, S. caroliniana can convert herbaceous wetlands to forested wetlands.

Salix caroliniana flowers in the early spring, either before or together with the emergence of leaves. In Alachua County, Florida in 1982, flowering was recorded during February and March.

The species was first described by French naturalist André Michaux in 1803 in his Flora Boreali-Americana.

The male flowers provide pring pollen for bees. It is a larval host to the black-waved flannel moth, the blinded sphinx, the cecropia moth, the elm sphinx, the imperial moth, the Io moth, the modest sphinx, the mourning cloak, the polyphemus moth, the promethea moth, the red-spotted purple, and the viceroy.

Megalopyge crispata
Megalopyge crispata, the black-waved flannel moth, crinkled flannel moth or white flannel moth, is a moth of the Megalopygidae family. It is found along the east coast of the United States, and as far inland as Oklahoma.

The wingspan of this moth is 25–40 mm. Adults are on the wing from May to October. There is one generation per year in the north, two or more in the south.

The caterpillars feed on various trees and shrubs. The caterpillars produce a venom delivered through hollow urticating hairs that can penetrate the skin. This venom can cause pain, a burning sensation, lymphadenopathy, headache and inflammatory dermatitis.
Jagoda Buić
Jagoda Buić (14 March 1930 – 17 October 2022) was a Croatian visual artist best known for her monumental fiber art installations and tapestries, which won her critical acclaim in the latter half of the 20th century.

Fiber art
Fiber art (fibre art in British spelling) refers to fine art whose material consists of natural or synthetic fiber and other components, such as fabric or yarn.  It focuses on the materials and on the manual labor on the part of the artist as part of the works' significance, and prioritizes aesthetic value over utility.
Calthorpe Broad
Calthorpe Broad is a 43.5-hectare (107-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest east of Stalham in Norfolk, England. It is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I and a national nature reserve. It is also part of the Broadland Ramsar site and Special Protection Area, and The Broads Special Area of Conservation.

This broad has diverse fauna and flora. Water plants include mare's-tail, water violet,  blunt-leaved pondweed, spiked water-milfoil, floating scirpus, yellow water-lily and the nationally scarce water soldier.

The site is private land with no public access.

Myriophyllum spicatum
Myriophyllum spicatum (Eurasian watermilfoil or spiked water-milfoil) is a submerged perennial aquatic plant which grows in still or slow-moving water. Eurasian watermilfoil is native to Europe, Asia, and North Africa, but has a wide geographic and climatic distribution among some 57 countries, extending from northern Canada to South Africa. It is considered to be a highly invasive species.
FIBA EuroBasket 1997 qualification
Qualification for the 1997 FIBA European Championship, commonly called FIBA EuroBasket 1997 took place between 24 May 1995 and 26 February 1997. A total of fourteen teams qualified for the tournament, joining hosts Spain and European Champions Yugoslavia.

EuroBasket 1995
The 1995 FIBA European Championship, commonly called FIBA EuroBasket 1995, was the 29th FIBA EuroBasket regional basketball championship held by FIBA Europe, which also served as Europe qualifier for the 1996 Summer Olympics, giving a berth to each of the top four teams in the final standings. It was held in Greece between 21 June and 2 July 1995. Fourteen national teams entered the event under the auspices of FIBA Europe, the sport's regional governing body. The city of Athens hosted the tournament. Serbia and Montenegro (then under the name of FR Yugoslavia) won its first FIBA European title, by defeating Lithuania by the score of 96–90 in the final. Lithuania's Šarūnas Marčiulionis was voted the tournament's MVP. This edition of the FIBA EuroBasket tournament saw the successful return of the Lithuania national team to the competition, since its last triumph in 1939.

The tournament's official anthem was "Wings of Tomorrow" by Finnish band Stratovarius.
Sarra Lajnef
Sarra Lajnef (Arabic: ساره لجنف, born 5 September 1989, in Tunisia) is a retired swimmer who represented Tunisia and United Arab Emirates at international level. She has also competed in rowing.

At the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, she competed in the women's 200 metre breaststroke, finishing in 31st place in the heats.

Lajnef has won medals in several editions of the FINA World Masters Championships, African Games and Arab Games.

Lajnef won medals at the UAE Rowing Championships in 2018.

World Aquatics Masters Championships
The World Aquatics Masters Championships (formerly the FINA World Masters Championships) are an international multi-sport Aquatics championships for competitors aged 25 years and older, in accordance with World Aquatics rules and regulations. It is the highest level of masters swimming in the world. The championships are usually held biennially, with competition in all five World Aquatics disciplines: swimming, diving, water polo, open water swimming, and artistic swimming. Starting in 2015, the competition has been held jointly with the World Aquatics Championships.
Mount Arden
Mount Arden is a locality in the Australian state of South Australia located about 308 kilometres (191 mi) north of the state capital of Adelaide and about 27 kilometres (17 mi) north of the municipal seat in Port Augusta.

Mount Arden's boundaries were created on 26 April 2013 and given the “local established name” which is derived from the pastoral station of the same name.  Its boundaries align approximately with those of the pastoral station.

The area is an arid plain between the Flinders Ranges and the highway and south of Lake Torrens, and exhibits some salt flats.

Mount Arden is located within the federal division of Grey, the state electoral district of Giles, and the local government areas of the City of Port Augusta and the Pastoral Unincorporated Area of South Australia.

Division of Grey
The Division of Grey is an Australian electoral division in South Australia. The division was one of the seven established when the former Division of South Australia was redistributed on 2 October 1903 and is named for Sir George Grey, who was Governor of South Australia from 1841 to 1845 (and later Prime Minister of New Zealand).
2020 IFAF World Junior Championship
The 2020 IFAF U-19 World Championship was scheduled as an international American football tournament for junior teams (19 years and under) which would have taken place at Canton, Ohio from late June to early July 2020. This would have been the second time that Canton, Ohio hosted an IFAF World Junior Championship, the first being the inaugural 2009 IFAF Junior World Championship.

The event was cancelled by IFAF in March 2020 due to complications from the coronavirus pandemic. The next world junior championship is a U-20 competition that was hosted by Football Canada in Edmonton, Alberta in July 2024.

Football Canada
Football Canada is the governing body for gridiron football in Canada headquartered in Ottawa, Ontario. Football Canada focuses primarily its own Canadian form of the sport, and is currently the world's only national governing body for Canadian football.

The governing body is also Canada's representative member of the International Federation of American Football (IFAF), the world's governing body for American football. In this capacity, it organizes the Canada men's national team which competes in IFAF competitions using American rules.
London Labour
London Labour is the devolved, regional part of the Labour Party in Greater London. It is the largest political party in London, currently holding a majority of the executive mayoralties, a majority of local councils, council seats and parliamentary seats, and a plurality of assembly seats.

Local government in London
Local government in Greater London, England takes place in two tiers; an upper tier and a lower tier. The upper tier authority is the Greater London Authority (GLA), controlled by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly. The lower tier authorities are the 32 borough councils, the City of London Corporation in the City of London and Queen's Park Community Council in Queen's Park, in the borough of Westminster.
2023 Hong Kong Tennis Open
The 2023 Hong Kong Tennis Open (also known as the Prudential Hong Kong Tennis Open for sponsorship reasons) was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts.  It was  the tenth edition of the tournament, and part of the WTA 250 tournaments on the 2023 WTA Tour. It took place in Victoria Park, Hong Kong from 9–15 October 2023. This was the first edition of the tournament held since 2018, as the intervening editions were canceled due to the 2019–2020 Hong Kong protests, the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong, and the WTA's response to the disappearance of Peng Shuai.

Victoria Park (Hong Kong)
Victoria Park (Chinese: 維多利亞公園; Cantonese Yale: Wàihdōleih'a Gūng'yún) is a public park in Causeway Bay, Wan Chai District, Hong Kong. The park is named after Queen Victoria, who has a statue in the park. It is around 190,000 square metres (19 ha) in size and contains sporting facilities for tennis, association football, basketball, handball, volleyball, swimming, jogging, fitness, roller skating, and bowling.

The park first opened to the public in October 1957 and was revamped in the early 2000s. Owned and operated by the Leisure and Cultural Services Department of Hong Kong, the park is open all year, free of admission charge. It is Hong Kong's most popular public park, with more visitors than Hong Kong Park and Kowloon Park combined.
UFC on ESPN: Hermansson vs. Vettori
UFC on ESPN: Hermansson vs. Vettori  (also known as UFC on ESPN 19 and UFC Vegas 16) was a mixed martial arts event produced by the Ultimate Fighting Championship that took place on December 5, 2020 at the UFC Apex facility in Enterprise, Nevada, part of the Las Vegas Metropolitan Area, United States.

Enterprise, Nevada
Enterprise  is an unincorporated town in the Las Vegas Valley in Clark County, Nevada, United States. The population was 221,831 at the 2020 U.S. census, up from 14,676 at the 2000 census. It was founded on December 17, 1996. As in other unincorporated towns in the Las Vegas Valley, its ZIP Codes are assigned the place name "Las Vegas" for mailing addresses.
Portrait of John Adams (Trumbull)
Portrait of John Adams is a 1793 portrait painting by the American artist John Trumbull depicting the lawyer,  politician and Founding Father of the United States John Adams. Trumbull was celebrated for his history paintings featuring scenes from the American Revolutionary War.

Adams sat for him while serving as the first Vice President under George Washington. He is shown wearing the fashionable powdered wig of the era. Versions of the painting are now in National Portrait Gallery (United States) of the Smithsonian, the White House and Harvard University. Trumbull later drew on this likeness of Adams for his incorporation into his large crowd scene for Declaration of Independence.

Wig
A wig is a head covering made from human or animal hair, or a synthetic imitation thereof. The word is short for "periwig". Wigs may be worn to disguise baldness, to alter the wearer's appearance, or as part of certain professional uniforms.
Johannes Wierix
Johannes Wierix (1549 – c. 1620) was a Flemish engraver, draughtsman and publisher. He was a very accomplished engraver who made prints after his own designs as well as designs by local and foreign artists. He further made engravings on silver and ivory.

Together with other members of the Wierix family of engravers he played an important role in spreading appreciation for Netherlandish art abroad as well as in creating art that supported the Catholic cause in the Southern Netherlands.  Johannes Wierix is also known for his miniature pen drawings.

Walters Art Museum
The Walters Art Museum is a public art museum located in the Mount Vernon neighborhood of Baltimore, Maryland. Founded and opened in 1934, it holds collections from the mid-19th century that were  amassed substantially by major American art and sculpture collectors, including William Thompson Walters and his son Henry Walters. William Walters began collecting when he moved to Paris as a nominal Confederate loyalist at the outbreak of the American Civil War in 1861, and Henry Walters refined the collection and made arrangements for the construction what ultimately was Walters Art Museum.

Admission to the museum is free.
Damysus (Giant)
Damysus or Damysos (Greek: Δάμυσος), was the fastest of all the Giants in the Greek mythology.

In the sixth book of the New History, ascribed by Photius to Ptolemy Hephaestion, mention that Thetis, the mother of Achilles, burned in a secret place the children she had by Peleus, but when she had Achilles, Peleus noticed and tore him from the flames with only a burnt foot, then confided him to the centaur Chiron.

Later, Chiron exhumed the body of the Damysus who was buried at Pallene, removed the ankle and incorporated it into Achilles' burnt foot. The ankle fell when Achilles was pursued by Apollo during the Trojan War and it was thus that Achilles was killed.

Kassandra, Chalkidiki
Kassandra (Greek: Κασσάνδρα) or Kassandra Peninsula (Χερσόνησος Κασσάνδρας, Chersónisos Kassándras) is a peninsula and a municipality in Chalkidiki, Macedonia, Greece. The seat of the municipality is in Kassandreia.
Pershing Square station
Pershing Square station is an underground rapid transit (known locally as a subway) station on the B Line and D Line of the Los Angeles Metro Rail system. The station also has street-level stops for the J Line of the Los Angeles Metro Busway system and the Silver Streak, operated by Foothill Transit. The station is located under Hill Street between 4th and 5th Street. It is located in Downtown Los Angeles with one station entrance across the street from Pershing Square, after which the station is named, and the other is located near the historic Angels Flight funicular which provides access to the high-rise office buildings in the Bunker Hill neighborhood.

Silver Streak (bus)
The Silver Streak is a bus rapid transit service between Los Angeles and Montclair, operated by Foothill Transit. Between Downtown Los Angeles and El Monte, buses use the El Monte Busway. Between El Monte and the Montclair Transit Center, buses travel on the San Bernardino Freeway. The service was introduced in 2007 in response to overcrowding on Foothill Transit route 480. It runs 24 hours a day, with hourly service in the late evening.

LA Metro's J Line service, which also uses the El Monte Busway, was introduced in 2009, and since 2012, both agencies have offered a reciprocal fare program, allowing pass holders to ride either route between Downtown Los Angeles and El Monte.
Vinxtbach
The Vinxtbach is a stream of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is around 19 km (12 mi) long, rises south-southwest of Schalkenbach-Obervinxt and east of the Adert and discharges into the River Rhine near Rheineck Castle between Bad Breisig and Brohl-Lützing.

The name Vinxt is derived from the Latin term finis, which means "border". In ancient Rome, the Vinxtbach marked the border between the provinces Germania Inferior and Germania Superior. In times of the Middle Ages, it was the border between the duchies of Lower Lorraine and Upper Lorraine. Today the Vinxtbach forms a dialect boundary, the "Vinxtbach line" (Vinxtbachlinie): north of the Vinxtbach the Ripuarian dialects are spoken, south of it, the Moselle Franconian dialects.

Duchy
A duchy, also called a dukedom, is a country, territory, fief, or domain ruled by a duke or duchess. In Western European tradition, the title of duke ranked among the highest nobility, generally just below the monarch and above counts or earls.

Historically, there was a significant distinction between sovereign dukes, who ruled independent states, and dukes who were simply noblemen within larger kingdoms. Some duchies functioned as sovereign states in regions that only later became unified nation‑states, such as Germany (once the Holy Roman Empire, a federal empire) and Italy (later a unified kingdom). By contrast, other duchies were subordinate territories within kingdoms that had already consolidated, either partially or fully, during the medieval era: examples include France, Spain, Sicily, Naples, and the Papal States.
1961 Syrian coup d'état
The Syrian coup d'état of 1961 was an uprising by disgruntled Syrian Army officers on 28 September 1961, that resulted in the break-up of the United Arab Republic and the restoration of an independent Syrian Republic.

While the army had all the power, it chose not to rule directly and instead entrusted politicians from the traditional political parties of the earlier Syrian Republic to form the secessionist government. The restored country was a continuation of the Syrian Republic, but due to the influence of Nasserists and Arab nationalists it adopted a new name and became the Syrian Arab Republic. The restored regime was fragile and chaotic as internal army struggles influenced government policy. The traditionalist conservative politicians were increasingly out of touch with the radicalized army, which eventually swept the old order away in the coup of 8 March 1963.

Second Syrian Republic
The Second Syrian Republic, officially the Syrian Republic from 1950 to 1958 and the Syrian Arab Republic from 1961 to 1963, succeeded the First Syrian Republic that had become de facto independent in April 1946 from the French Mandate. The Second Republic was founded on the Syrian Constitution of 1950, which was suspended from 1950 to 1954 under Adib Shishakli's strongmanship, and later when Syria joined with the Republic of Egypt in forming the United Arab Republic in 1958. The Second Republic resumed when Syria withdrew from the union in 1961. In 1963, the Syrian Ba'athist Party came to power in a bloodless military coup, which laid the foundations for the political structure in Ba'athist Syria.

The green, white, black and red flag is the first flag of the Syrian Arab Republic and the one with the shortest usage, that being from 1961 to 1963. It was also the flag of the Syrian opposition during the Syrian civil war and became the official flag of Syria anew in 2025.
Bravery Meeting 80 (Australia)
The Bravery Council of Australia Meeting 80 Honours List was announced by the Governor General of Australia, the then Quentin Bryce, AC, CVO, on 24 March 2014.

Awards were announced for 
the Star of Courage,
the Bravery Medal,
Commendation for Brave Conduct and
Group Bravery Citation.

† indicates an award given posthumously.

Leading seaman
Leading seaman is a junior non-commissioned rank or rate in navies, particularly those of the Commonwealth. When it is used by NATO nations, leading seaman has the rank code of OR-4. It is often equivalent to the army and air force rank of corporal and some navies use corporal rather than leading seaman.

The rank is used in the navies of Australia, Bangladesh, Canada (Sailor First Class), Finland, Ghana, Greece, India, Ireland, Namibia, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, South Africa, Sri Lanka and the United Kingdom.
State Highway 93 (New Zealand)
State Highway 93 (SH 93) is a New Zealand State Highway connecting the Southland township of Mataura with the Western Otago town of Clinton. This provides a slightly quicker route between the cities of Dunedin and Invercargill, as it bypasses the town of Gore. It is roughly 43.2 km long.

Gore, New Zealand
Gore (Māori: Maruawai) is a town and district in the Southland region of the South Island of New Zealand. It has a resident population of 8,310 as of June 2025. Gore is known for its country music scene and hosts an annual country music festival. The town is also surrounded by farmland and is an important centre for agriculture in the region.
Meydan-e San'at Metro Station
Meydan-e San'at Metro Station is a station in Tehran Metro Line 7. It is located on the northern edge of San'at Square, in Shahrak-e Gharb area of Tehran. It is the current northwestern terminus of Line 7.

Shahrak-e Gharb
Shahrak-e Gharb or Gharb Town (Persian: شهرک غرب – Šahrak e Gharb, "West Town"), officially Qods Town (Persian: شهرک قدس – Šahrak e Qods, "Quds (Jerusalem) Town"), is a planned town built as a massive project of modern, luxury apartment buildings and villas in the north-western part of Tehran, Iran.