hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lü Meng's invasion of Jing Province
Lü Meng's invasion of Jing Province was fought between the warlords Sun Quan and Liu Bei in the winter of 219–220 in the late Eastern Han dynasty. Sun Quan's forces, led by Lü Meng, invaded Liu Bei's territories in southern Jing Province, which covered present-day Hubei and Hunan. The campaign occurred after the Battle of Fancheng and concluded with victory for Sun Quan's forces, who completely captured all of Liu Bei's territories. Guan Yu, Liu Bei's general guarding those territories, was captured and executed by Sun Quan's forces. The fall of Jing Province and Guan Yu's death provided the trigger for the Battle of Xiaoting between Liu Bei and Sun Quan between 221 and 222.

Gong'an County
Gong'an County (simplified Chinese: 公安县; traditional Chinese: 公安縣; pinyin: Gōng'ān Xiàn) is a county in southern Hubei province, People's Republic of China, bordering Hunan to the south. It is under the administration of Jingzhou City.
Carl Long
James Carlyle Long (born September 20, 1967) is an American former professional stock car racing driver, mechanic, and team owner. He last competed part-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 66 Toyota Supra for MBM Motorsports. In the past, he served as a mechanic for Mansion Motorsports, Spears Motorsports, and Travis Carter Motorsports. He was a crew chief at Front Row Motorsports for Eric McClure and Competition director at Rick Ware Racing.

Spears Motorsports
Spears Motorsports was a NASCAR Craftsman Truck Series team owned by Wayne and Connie Spears of Agua Dulce, California. The team is most notable for its longevity in the Truck Series, running all but two races before their closure, their commitment to running with Chevrolet and for always running their white and blue No. 75.

Wayne Spears is a 2009 inductee of the West Coast Stock Car Hall of Fame.
Royal Württemberg State Railways
The Royal Württemberg State Railways (Königlich Württembergische Staats-Eisenbahnen or K.W.St.E.) were the state railways of the Kingdom of Württemberg (from 1918 the People's State of Württemberg) between 1843 and 1920.

Aalen
Aalen (German pronunciation: [ˈaːlən] ⓘ; Swabian: Oole (Swabian pronunciation: [ˈɔːlɐ̃])) is a town located in the eastern part of the German state of Baden-Württemberg, about 70 kilometres (43 mi) east of Stuttgart and 48 kilometres (30 mi) north of Ulm. It is the seat of the Ostalbkreis district and is its largest town. It is also the largest town in the Ostwürttemberg region. Since 1956, Aalen has had the status of Große Kreisstadt (major district town). It is noted for its many half-timbered houses constructed from the 16th century through the 18th century.

With an area of 146.63 km2, Aalen is ranked 7th in Baden-Württemberg and 2nd within the Government Region of Stuttgart, after Stuttgart. With a population of about 66,000, Aalen is the 15th most-populated settlement in Baden-Württemberg.
Maximum score estimator
In statistics and econometrics, the maximum score estimator is a nonparametric estimator for discrete choice models developed by Charles Manski in 1975. Unlike the multinomial probit and multinomial logit estimators, it makes no assumptions about the distribution of the unobservable part of utility. However, its statistical properties (particularly its asymptotic distribution) are more complicated than the multinomial probit and logit models, making statistical inference difficult. To address these issues, Joel Horowitz proposed a variant, called the smoothed maximum score estimator.

Statistical inference
Statistical inference is the process of using data analysis to infer properties of an underlying probability distribution. Inferential statistical analysis infers properties of a population, for example by testing hypotheses and deriving estimates. It is assumed that the observed data set is sampled from a larger population.

Inferential statistics can be contrasted with descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics is solely concerned with properties of the observed data, and it does not rest on the assumption that the data come from a larger population. In machine learning, the term inference is sometimes used instead to mean "make a prediction, by evaluating an already trained model"; in this context inferring properties of the model is referred to as training or learning (rather than inference), and using a model for prediction is referred to as inference (instead of prediction); see also predictive inference.
Ingjald Helgasson
Ingjaldr Helgason was a Hiberno-Norse chieftain of the 9th Century.

According to the Landnámabók Ingjald was the son of Helgi, the son of Olaf, the son of Gudrod, the son of Halfdan Hvitbeinn; he was thus distantly related to the Yngling kings of Vestfold and later Norway. According to Eyrbyggja saga, Ingjald's mother was Thora, a daughter of Sigurd Snake-in-the-Eye, who was a son of Ragnar Lodbrok. However, this connection is dubious, as Ingjald appears to have been born in the early 9th Century – either before or at around the same time as Ragnar.

Ingjald had at least one son, Olaf the White, who became King of Dublin.

Ragnar Lodbrok
Ragnar Lodbrok (Old Norse: Ragnarr loðbrók, lit. 'Ragnar hairy-breeches'), according to legends, was a Viking hero and a Swedish and Danish king.

He is known from Old Norse poetry of the Viking Age, Icelandic sagas, and near-contemporary chronicles. According to traditional literature, Ragnar distinguished himself by conducting many raids against the British Isles and the Carolingian Empire during the 9th century. He also appears in Norse legends, and according to the legendary sagas Tale of Ragnar's Sons and a Saga about Certain Ancient Kings, Ragnar Lodbrok's father has been given as the legendary king of the Swedes, Sigurd Ring.
Skryje (Rakovník District)
Skryje is a municipality and village in Rakovník District in the Central Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants. The historic centre of the village is well preserved and is protected as a village monument zone.

Central Bohemian Region
The Central Bohemian Region (Czech: Středočeský kraj [ˈstr̝̊ɛdotʃɛskiː ˈkraj]; German: Mittelböhmische Region) is an administrative unit (kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the central part of its historical region of Bohemia. Its administrative centre is in the Czech capital Prague, which lies in the centre of the region. However, the city is not part of it but is a region of its own.

The Central Bohemian Region is in the centre of Bohemia. In terms of area, it is the largest region in the Czech Republic, with 11,014 km2, almost 14% of the total area of the country. It surrounds the country's capital, Prague, and borders Liberec Region (in the north), Hradec Králové Region (northeast), Pardubice Region (east), Vysočina Region (southeast), South Bohemian Region (south), Plzeň Region (west) and Ústí nad Labem Region (northwest).
Halderman
Halderman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Caitlin Halderman (born 2000), Indonesian actress and singer

J. Alex Halderman (born 1981), American computer scientist

Joe Halderman (born 1957), American television news writer, director, and producer

Linda Halderman (born 1968), American politician

J. Alex Halderman
John Alexander Halderman (born c. January 1981) is an American computer scientist. He currently serves as a professor of computer science and engineering at the University of Michigan, as well as being the director of the Center for Computer Security and Society at Michigan Engineering. His research focuses on computer security and privacy, with an emphasis on problems that broadly impact society and public policy.
Hiili Hiilesmaa
Kai "Hiili" Hiilesmaa (born December 1966) is a Finnish record producer and musician. He is the vocalist of the rock band The Skreppers, former drummer of the doom metal band KYPCK and former keyboardist of the rock band Daniel Lioneye. He has worked with several internationally recognized rock groups, including his near 20-year association with Finnish band HIM.

Hiilesmaa began producing music professionally in 1995, recording with such bands as HIM, Amorphis and Apocalyptica. His trademarks include heavy, overdriven guitar sounds and experimental synthesiser programming. In 2013, Hiilesmaa addressed his preference for analog recording, saying "I prefer analog these days. Not only the sound, it asks more attitude to work with analog. Also you must make up your mind faster. There is no 'undo' in analog, which is often good."

Doom metal
Doom metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music that typically uses slower tempos, low-tuned guitars and a much "thicker" or "heavier" sound than other heavy metal genres. Both the music and the lyrics are intended to evoke a sense of despair, dread, and impending doom. The genre is strongly influenced by the early work of Black Sabbath, who formed a prototype for doom metal. During the first half of the 1980s, a number of bands such as Witchfinder General and Pagan Altar from England, American bands Pentagram, Saint Vitus, the Obsessed, Trouble, and Cirith Ungol, and Swedish band Candlemass defined doom metal as a distinct genre.
Elk Peak (Idaho)
Elk Peak, at 10,582 feet (3,225 m) above sea level, is the eighth-highest peak in the Sawtooth Range of the U.S. state of Idaho. The peak is located in the Sawtooth Wilderness of Sawtooth National Recreation Area in Boise and Custer counties. The peak is located 2.88 mi (4.63 km) west-northwest of Mount Cramer, its line parent. It is the 240th-highest peak in Idaho and 0.5 mi (0.80 km) south-southeast of Reward Peak.

Sawtooth National Recreation Area
The Sawtooth National Recreation Area (SNRA) is a national recreation area in central Idaho, United States that is managed as part of Sawtooth National Forest. The recreation area, established on August 22, 1972, is managed by the U.S. Forest Service, and includes the Sawtooth, Hemingway–Boulders, and Cecil D. Andrus–White Clouds wilderness areas. Activities within the 730,864-acre (2,957.70 km2) recreation area include hiking, backpacking, White water rafting, camping, rock climbing, kayaking, mountain biking, fishing, and hunting.

The SNRA headquarters are about seven miles (11 km) north of Ketchum on Highway 75. SNRA also has a ranger station in Stanley, near its northern boundary.
WLTT
WLTT (1180 kHz) was an AM radio station licensed to Carolina Beach, North Carolina. The station served the Wilmington, North Carolina radio market with an urban adult contemporary format. The station was last owned by CLI Radio, LLC.

During all of its lifespan, because AM 1180 is a clear-channel frequency reserved for Class A WHAM in Rochester, New York, WLTT was required to sign-off between sunset and sunrise each day to avoid interference. Its transmitter was located off Governors Road Southeast in Winnabow, North Carolina.

WHAM (AM)
WHAM (1180 kHz) is a commercial clear channel AM radio station in Rochester, New York, United States. It is owned by iHeartMedia and airs a news/talk radio format. The studios and offices are at Five Star Bank Plaza in downtown Rochester.

Its 50,000-watt non-directional transmitter, located in Chili, New York, operates the maximum power for commercial AM stations in the United States and Canada. During the day, it provides at least secondary coverage to all of Western New York, including Buffalo. It can also be heard in much of Southern Ontario, including Toronto, Peterborough, and Kingston. At night, WHAM can be received across much of the Eastern United States and Eastern Canada with a good radio. It is the Emergency Alert System's primary entry point station for Western New York.
Buipa
Buipa बुइपा is a village and Village Development Committee  in Khotang District in the Sagarmatha Zone of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 5,195 persons living in 980 individual households.

Sagarmatha Zone
Sagarmāthā Zone (Nepali: सगरमाथा अञ्चल, [sʌgʌrmatʰa ʌnt͡sʌl] ⓘ "Sagarmāthā Anchal") was one of the fourteen zones of Nepal until the restructuring of zones into provinces. The headquarters of Sagarmatha is Rajbiraj. Sagarmāthā is a Nepali word which as per some sources, is derived from सगर ("sagar", sky) and माथा ("māthā", head).

It includes mountain districts of the Himalayas (including the world's highest peak Mount Everest) in the north, hill districts in the center, and valley districts of the Terai in the south. It is bordered by China to the north, India to the south, the Kosi Zone to the east and the Janakpur Zone to the west.
Orkney Snork Nie
Orkney Snork Nie was a popular Afrikaans sitcom, originally broadcast by the SABC in South Africa between 1989 and 1992. The name translates directly into Orkney Doesn't Snore, but the message being conveyed in Afrikaans is that the town isn't sleepy, there's always something happening. The series was written and directed by Willie Esterhuizen who was also involved in other popular South African series and movies. The series consists of four seasons, with two movies also produced (see below for more details). As of 2006, the series was rebroadcast on the Afrikaans DStv channel KykNet.

DStv
Digital Satellite Television, abbreviated DStv, is a Sub-Saharan African direct broadcast satellite service owned by MultiChoice and based in South Africa, with headquarters in Randburg. DStv provides audio, radio and television channels and services to subscribers across 50 countries, mostly in South Africa, Nigeria and Zimbabwe.
Israel–Malaysia relations
Israel and Malaysia maintain no formal diplomatic relations. Malaysia acknowledges Palestine as a sovereign state while refusing to recognise the state of Israel, and has maintained that any steps toward recognition are contingent on Israel's withdrawal from the occupied Palestinian territories and the establishment of a Palestinian nation within the pre-1967 borders, with East Jerusalem as its capital, under a two-state solution.

Although Malaysia publicly maintains a hostile position towards Israel, commercial relations between the two countries exist, albeit significantly limited. Israeli passport holders are forbidden from entering Malaysia without written permission from the Malaysian Ministry of Home Affairs. However, Israeli citizens who are also nationals of other countries, i.e., holding more than one citizenship, may enter Malaysia using their non-Israeli passports.

Ronny Rosenthal
Ronny Rosenthal (Hebrew: רוני רוזנטל; born 11 October 1963), nicknamed "Rocket Ronny", is an Israeli former footballer who played as a forward.

After starting his career in his birth city with Maccabi Haifa, Rosenthal went on to play in Belgium with Club Brugge and Standard Liège. He moved to Liverpool in 1990 for a fee of £1.1 million, becoming the first non-UK player to move to an English club for more than £1 million. After four years at Liverpool, Rosenthal finished his career with Tottenham Hotspur and Watford.

Between 1983 and 1997 he made 60 appearances for the Israel national team, scoring 11 goals.
History Repeating (song)
"History Repeating" is a 1997 song written by Alex Gifford and originally performed by English electronic music duo Propellerheads featuring Welsh singer Shirley Bassey. It was released shortly before their only album, Decksandrumsandrockandroll, released in 1998 by Wall of Sound in Europe and DreamWorks in the US and Japan. The single was a No. 1 hit on the UK Indie Chart, and was also Bassey's first top ten appearance on any US chart since 1973's "Never Never Never", making No. 10 on the US Dance Club Songs chart. According to Bassey, Gifford wrote the song especially for her. The sleeve cover, an illustration by Duke D. Jukes, takes its inspiration from classic album sleeve from the Capitol 1957 release Just One of Those Things by Nat King Cole.

Decksandrumsandrockandroll
Decksandrumsandrockandroll is the only studio album by English electronic music duo Propellerheads. It was originally released by Wall of Sound on 26 January 1998 in the United Kingdom. In the United States, it was released by DreamWorks Records with a different track listing.
Kizazi
Kizazi is an administrative ward within Muhambwe Constituency in Kibondo District of Kigoma Region in Tanzania. 
In 2016 the Tanzania National Bureau of Statistics report there were 19,520 people in the ward, from 17,734 in 2012.: 125 : 147

National Bureau of Statistics (Tanzania)
The National Bureau of Statistics is a branch of the Government of Tanzania which has the mandate to provide official statistics to the Government of Tanzania, business community and the public at large. It is based in Dodoma and obtains a wide range of economic, social and demographic statistics about the country. The bureau compiled data on every village in Tanzania for the censuses of 2002, 2012 and 2022, but also provides the results of the previous censuses of 1967, 1978 and 1988.
Shaya Adorador
Maria Shaya Adorador (born December 9, 1997) is a Filipino volleyball player for the Capital1 Solar Spikers of the Premier Volleyball League (PVL). She played for the UE Lady Warriors in the UAAP women's volleyball tournaments.

Capital1 Solar Spikers
The Capital1 Solar Spikers are a Philippine women's professional volleyball team owned by CapitalOne Energy Corp. The team competes in the Premier Volleyball League (PVL), where they made their debut in the 2024 All-Filipino Conference.

As of the 2026 All-Filipino Conference, the Solar Spikers are the newest team in the league.
Sagay Broadcasting Corporation
Sagay Broadcasting Corporation is a Philippine radio network. Its main headquarters are located at 2/F, La Castill Bldg., Magsaysay St., Brgy. Zone 1, Digos. SBC operates a number of stations across the country under the Muews Radio brand.

Mass media in the Philippines
Mass media in the Philippines consists of several types of media: television, radio, newspapers, magazines, cinema, and websites.

In 2004, the Philippines had 225 television stations, 369 AM radio broadcast stations, 583 FM radio broadcast stations, 10 internet radio stations, 5 shortwave stations and 7 million newspapers in circulation.

Media outlets, such as PTV/RPN/IBC (television) and the Presidential Broadcast Service (radio), are government-run, while most outlets are privately owned.

The most trusted newspapers in the Philippines are the Philippine Daily Inquirer, Manila Bulletin, and The Philippine Star.
Yaiza
Yaiza is a small town in the island of Lanzarote in the Canary Islands, Spain. It lies in the southwest of the island. The population in 2012 was 857.  The town gives its name to the municipality of Yaiza, although it is much smaller than the largest settlement in the municipality, Playa Blanca.

The town has a town hall, tree-lined streets, and a floodlit public football stadium.

Each year, at Christmas, Yaiza displays a large "Belén" (a belén is a nativity scene). The Yaiza Belén includes miniaturised scenes from around the island, with miniatures of Playa Blanca, Arrecife, and Timanfaya. Children and visitors are encouraged to seek the caganer, a figurine of a young man defecating, as it is considered good luck to spot him.

Highway LZ2 connects the town to Playa Blanca in the south and Arrecife to the east.

LZ-2 road (Spain)
LZ-2 is one of the main roads on the island of Lanzarote in the Canary Islands. It leads south from the island's capital, Arrecife, ending at the island's southernmost town of Playa Blanca. From here, ferries are available to cross the strait of La Bocayna, effectively connecting the LZ-2 to the FV-1 on the island of Fuerteventura. Lanzarote Airport is also accessed by the LZ-2.

Although most of the island's roads are owned by the island council (cabildo insular), roads of major importance such as the LZ-2 are owned by the Government of the Canary Islands.

The road is a dual carriageway, with two lanes in each direction, between Arrecife and Tías (approximately 11 kilometres (6.8 mi)); the rest of the route, between Tías and Playa Blanca (approximately 26 kilometres (16 mi)) is a single carriageway. As of July 2019, there are two fixed speed cameras on LZ-2, on kilometre 1.2 in both directions; the speed limit at this point is 100 kilometres per hour (62 mph).
School of Visual Arts v. Kuprewicz
School of Visual Arts v. Diane Kuprewicz, 771 N.Y.S.2d 804 (2003), is a New York Supreme Court case in which it was held that sending and/or directing "large volumes of unsolicited job applications and pornographic e-mails" by defendant to plaintiff if it depletes hard disk space, drains processing power, and negatively impacts other system resources of the plaintiff is sufficient to establish "a cause of action for trespass to chattels." The ruling has been followed and cited in a number of cases in different jurisdictions.

New York Supreme Court
The Supreme Court of the State of New York is the superior court in the Judiciary of New York.  It is vested with unlimited civil and criminal jurisdiction, although in many counties outside New York City it acts primarily as a court of civil jurisdiction, with most criminal matters handled in county courts.

New York is the only state where supreme court is a trial court rather than a court of last resort (which in New York is the Court of Appeals). Also, although it is a trial court, the Supreme Court sits as a "single great tribunal of general state-wide jurisdiction, rather than an aggregation of separate courts sitting in the several counties or judicial districts of the state." The Supreme Court is established in each of New York's 62 counties.

A separate branch of the Supreme Court called the Appellate Division serves as the highest intermediate appellate court in New York.
Karlo Nograles
Karlo Alexei Bendigo Nograles (born September 3, 1976) is a Filipino lawyer and politician who served as the Chairperson of the Civil Service Commission from March 4, 2022 to October 7, 2024. He was previously the Cabinet Secretary (2018–2022) and acting Presidential Spokesperson (2021–2022) in the Duterte administration. He was also the co-chair and spokesperson of the Inter-Agency Task Force for the Management of Emerging Infectious Diseases (IATF-EID) in the Philippine government's response to the COVID-19 pandemic and chairman of the government's Inter-Agency Task Force on Zero Hunger. He was the representative of Davao City's 1st district from 2010 to 2018.

In the 2016 Philippine presidential elections, Nograles was among those who encouraged then-Davao City Mayor Rodrigo Duterte to run for president. He was a member of the National Unity Party (NUP) before joining PDP–Laban in 2017.

Legislative districts of Davao City
The legislative districts of Davao City are the representations of the highly urbanized city of Davao in the various national legislatures of the Philippines. The city is currently represented in the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines through its first, second, and third congressional districts.
Joaquín de Freitas
Joaquín Ignacio de Freitas (born 21 April 1978) is a former Uruguayan rugby union player. He played as a centre.

He played for Champagnat Rugby Club in the Campeonato Uruguayo de Rugby.

He had 21 caps for Uruguay, from 2000 to 2006, scoring 1 conversion and 2 penalties, 8 points in aggregate. He had his first game at the 23-12 win over Namibia, at 22 September 2000, in Montevideo, in a tour. He was called for the 2003 Rugby World Cup, where he played in two games, one as substitute, but did not score. He had his last cap at the 33-7 loss to the United States, at 7 October 2006, in Stanford, for the 2007 Rugby World Cup qualifyings.

Campeonato Uruguayo de Rugby
The Campeonato Uruguayo de Rugby, also known as Uruguayo de Rugby, is the main competition of Uruguayan rugby union league system. It includes the first, second and third division competitions. It was played for the first time in 1950.