hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2022 Champaign–Urbana Challenger – Doubles
Nathaniel Lammons and Jackson Withrow were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Robert Galloway and Hans Hach Verdugo won the title after defeating Ezekiel Clark and Alfredo Perez 3–6, 6–3, [10–5] in the final.

Hans Hach Verdugo
Hans Hach Verdugo (born 11 November 1989) is a Mexican tennis player.

Hach Verdugo has a career high ATP doubles ranking of No. 60 achieved on 11 July 2022 and a singles ranking of No. 528 achieved on 20 July 2015. He has won one ATP doubles title at 2021 Los Cabos Open.

Hach Verdugo has represented Mexico at the Davis Cup where he has a W/L record of 3–1.
Op. 46
In music, Op. 46 stands for Opus number 46. Compositions that are assigned this number include:

Arnold – Concerto for Harmonica and Orchestra

Beethoven – Adelaide

Bruch – Scottish Fantasy

Chopin – Allegro de concert

Diaghilev – The Prodigal Son

Dvořák – Slavonic Dances

Elgar – Concert Allegro

Fauré – Clair de lune

Granados – Allegro de concierto

Hennessy – String Quartet No. 1

Hindemith – Kammermusik

Holmboe – String Quartet No. 1

Kabalevsky – Piano Sonata No. 3

Milhaud – String Quartet No. 4

Onslow – 3 String Quartets

Oswald – String Quartet No. 4

Rubinstein – Violin Concerto

Schoenberg – A Survivor from Warsaw

Schumann – Andante and variations for two pianos

Sibelius – Pelléas et Mélisande, theatre score and suite (1905, arranged 1905)

Szymanowski – King Roger

Ullman – String Quartet No. 3

Pelléas et Mélisande (Sibelius)
Pelléas et Mélisande (Pelléas och Mélisande), JS 147, is incidental music by Jean Sibelius for Maurice Maeterlinck's 1892 play Pelléas and Mélisande. Sibelius composed in 1905 ten parts, overtures to the five acts and five other movements. It was first performed at the Swedish Theatre in Helsinki on 17 March 1905 to a translation by Bertel Gripenberg, conducted by the composer.

Sibelius later slightly rearranged the music into a nine movement suite, published as Op. 46, which became one of his most popular concert works.
Alexander Bache U.S. Coast Survey Line
Alexander Bache U.S. Coast Survey Line is a historic geodetic survey line located at Edisto Island, Charleston County, South Carolina. This base line was surveyed by Alexander Dallas Bache and his assistants during January 1850 as part of their work with the United States Coast Survey. They buried granite blocks at each endpoint and then placed a granite monument on top of each block.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.

Charleston County, South Carolina
Charleston County is located in the U.S. state of South Carolina along the Atlantic coast. As of the 2020 census, the population was 408,235, making it the third-most populous county in South Carolina (behind Greenville and Richland counties). Its county seat is Charleston. It is also the largest county in the state by total area, although Horry County has a larger land area. The county was created in 1800 by an act of the South Carolina State Legislature. Charleston County is included in the Charleston-North Charleston, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is in the Lowcountry region of South Carolina.
Unriddle
Unriddle (Chinese: 最火搭档) is a Singaporean Chinese drama which was telecast on Singapore's free-to-air channel, MediaCorp Channel 8. It stars Rui En, Chen Liping, Tay Ping Hui, Andie Chen, Xiang Yun, Joshua Ang, and Zhou Ying as the casts of the series. It made its debut on 4 August 2010. This drama serial consists of 20 episodes, and was screened on every weekday night at 9p.m.

A sequel titled Unriddle 2, was confirmed in February 2011.

Channel 8 (Singaporean TV channel)
Channel 8 (Chinese: 8頻道) is a Singaporean Mandarin-language free-to-air terrestrial television channel in Singapore, owned by state media conglomerate Mediacorp. The channel broadcasts general entertainment and news programming in the Mandarin language, including original and imported programming.

The channel began a series of experimental broadcasts on 31 August 1963, and officially launched on 22 November 1963. As with its sister Channel 5, the channel initially aired programming in all four of Singapore's official languages, with Channel 8 initially having a particular focus on the Chinese and Tamil communities. In 1973, this scope was formalised, with Channel 8 primarily broadcasting Chinese and Tamil-language programmes. In compliance with the government's Speak Mandarin Campaign, Chinese programming on the channel later broadcast solely in Mandarin Chinese. In 1995, Tamil programmes moved to Prime 12, with Channel 8 focusing exclusively on Mandarin programming.
Zoroastrian festivals
Zoroastrianism has numerous festivals and holy days, all of which are bound to the Zoroastrian calendar. The Shahenshahi and Kadmi variants of the calendar do not intercalate leap years and hence the day of the Gregorian calendar year on which these days are celebrated shifts ahead with time. The third variant of the Zoroastrian calendar, known as either Fasli (in India) or Bastani (in Iran), intercalates according to Gregorian calendar rules and thus remains synchronous with the seasons. For details on the differences, see Zoroastrian calendar.

Mithra
Mithra (Avestan: 𐬨𐬌𐬚𐬭𐬀 Miθra; Old Persian: 𐎷𐎰𐎼 Miθraʰ‍) is an ancient Iranian deity (yazata) of covenants, light, oaths, justice, the Sun, contracts, and friendship. In addition to being the divinity of contracts, Mithra is also a judicial figure, an all-seeing protector of Truth (Asha), and the guardian of cattle, the harvest, and the Waters.

The Romans attributed their Mithraic mysteries to Zoroastrian Persian sources relating to Mithra. Since the early 1970s, the dominant scholarship has noted dissimilarities between the Persian and Roman traditions, making it, at most, the result of Roman perceptions of Zoroastrian ideas.
Andrew Gilding
Andrew John Gilding (born 7 December 1970) is an English professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events, where he is ranked world number thirty-two. Nicknamed "Goldfinger", Gilding won his maiden PDC title at the 2023 UK Open, becoming the oldest man to win a major event title in his debut PDC final appearance. He also made the semi-finals at the 2015 UK Open and is a two-time World Matchplay quarter-finalist. Gilding has finished as the runner-up at seven ranking events on the PDC Pro Tour.

World Matchplay (darts)
The World Matchplay, also known as the Betfred World Matchplay for sponsorship purposes, is a professional darts tournament and one of three legs of the Triple Crown. It is played in a legs format, and is run by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC). Luke Littler is the current champion after winning the 2025 edition.
Notre Dame Fighting Irish
The Notre Dame Fighting Irish are the athletic teams that represent the University of Notre Dame. The Fighting Irish participate in 26 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I intercollegiate sports, with its teams – except for football (FBS Independent) and men's ice hockey (Big Ten) – competing in the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). The school colors are gold and blue and the mascot is the Leprechaun. The interscholastic sports program began on November 23, 1887, with football in Notre Dame, Indiana.

Notre Dame, Indiana
Notre Dame is a census-designated place and unincorporated community north of the city of South Bend in St. Joseph County, in the U.S. state of Indiana. It includes the campuses of three colleges: the University of Notre Dame, Saint Mary's College, and Holy Cross College. Notre Dame is split between Clay and Portage townships. As of the 2020 census, its population was 7,234.
Rachel Scherr
Rachel E. Scherr is an American physics educator, currently an associate professor of physics at the University of Washington Bothell. Her research includes studies of responsive teaching and active learning, video and gestural analysis of classroom behavior, and student understanding of energy and special relativity.

Physics education
Physics education or physics teaching refers to the education methods currently used to teach physics. The occupation is called physics educator or physics teacher. Physics education research refers to an area of pedagogical research that seeks to improve those methods. Historically, physics has been taught at the high school and college level primarily by the lecture method together with laboratory exercises aimed at verifying concepts taught in the lectures. These concepts are better understood when lectures are accompanied with demonstration, hand-on experiments, and questions that require students to ponder what will happen in an experiment and why. Students who participate in active learning for example with hands-on experiments learn through self-discovery. By trial and error they learn to change their preconceptions about phenomena in physics and discover the underlying concepts. Physics education is part of the broader area of science education.
Alexander Geynrikh
Alexander Rudolfovich Geynrikh (Russian: Александр Рудольфович Гейнрих, German: Alexander Heinrich; born 6 October 1984) is an Uzbek former footballer who played as a forward for the Uzbekistan national team.

Uzbekistan Footballer of the Year
The Uzbekistan Footballer of the Year (Uzbek: Yilning eng yaxshi futbolchisi or Йилнинг энг яхши футболчиси) is a yearly football award presented by the Uzbekistan Football Association to the most outstanding Uzbekistan footballer among who has been considered to have performed the best in national team or over Uzbekistan Super League and other national championship season. The award is given out at the end of the calendar year and is decided by the survey among sport journalists and football experts.
Memory error
Memory gaps and errors refer to the incorrect recall, or complete loss, of information in the memory system for a certain detail and/or event. Memory errors may include remembering events that never occurred, or remembering them differently from the way they actually happened. These errors or gaps can occur due to a number of different reasons, including the emotional involvement in the situation, expectations and environmental changes. As the retention interval between encoding and retrieval of the memory lengthens, there is an increase in both the amount that is forgotten, and the likelihood of a memory error occurring.

Eyewitness testimony
Eyewitness testimony is the account a bystander or victim gives in the courtroom, describing what that person observed that occurred during the specific incident under investigation. Ideally this recollection of events is detailed; however, this is not always the case. This recollection is used as evidence to show what happened from a witness' point of view. Memory recall has been considered a credible source in the past but has recently come under attack as forensics can now support psychologists in their claim that memories and individual perceptions can be unreliable, manipulated, and biased. As a result of this, many countries, and states within the United States, are now attempting to make changes in how eyewitness testimony is presented in court. Eyewitness testimony is a specialized focus within cognitive psychology.
German trawler V 811 Hugo Homann
V 811 Hugo Homann was a German trawler which was converted into a Vorpostenboot for the Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was a part of the 8 Vorpostenflotille and participated in the German invasion of Norway. She was sunk by an air mine at the mouth of the Ems estuary on May 6, 1940.

Ems (river)
The Ems (German: Ems [ɛms] ⓘ; Dutch: Eems [eːms] ⓘ) is a river in northwestern Germany. It runs through the states of North Rhine-Westphalia and Lower Saxony, and discharges into the Dollart Bay which is part of the Wadden Sea. Its total length is 362.4 kilometres (225.2 mi). The state border between the Lower Saxon area of East Friesland (Germany) and the province of Groningen (Netherlands), whose exact course was the subject of a border dispute between Germany and the Netherlands (settled in 2014), runs through the Ems estuary.
Craig Hartsburg
Craig William Hartsburg (born June 29, 1959) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player and head coach, who currently serves as an amateur scout and defense development coach with the Columbus Blue Jackets of the National Hockey League (NHL). Hartsburg played ten seasons with the Minnesota North Stars of the NHL as a defenceman from 1979 until 1989, captaining the team for seven NHL seasons before pursuing a coaching career. He featured in the 1981 Stanley Cup Finals with the North Stars.

Hartsburg has coached in the Ontario Hockey League, the Western Hockey League, and has previously been an NHL head coach with the Chicago Blackhawks, Mighty Ducks of Anaheim and Ottawa Senators.

1981 Stanley Cup Final
The 1981 Stanley Cup Final was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 1980–81 season, and the culmination of the 1981 Stanley Cup playoffs. It was contested by the Minnesota North Stars, making their first Finals appearance, and the defending champion New York Islanders, in their second Finals appearance. The Islanders would win the best-of-seven series, four games to one, to win their second Stanley Cup championship. This would be the last all-American Finals until 1991, when the North Stars faced the Pittsburgh Penguins. Butch Goring won the Conn Smythe Trophy as Most Valuable Player in the playoffs.
Sphenocephalus
Sphenocephalus (from Greek: σφήν sphḗn, 'wedge' and Greek: κεφαλή kephalḗ 'head') is an extinct genus of ray-finned fish that lived during the Cretaceous period. Fossils have been found in England and Italy.

Sphenocephalus was about 20 centimetres (8 in) long, with a rather large head, and may have resembled a modern black bass in appearance. It was one of the earliest fish to have the pelvic fins placed beneath th pectoral fins, a common feature in modern fish that improves swimming manoeuvrability. Like the modern trout-perches, it possessed a mixture of modern and primitive features, and it was probably one of the earliest perciform fish.

Pelvic fin
Pelvic fins or ventral fins are paired fins located on the ventral (belly) surface of fish, and are the lower of the only two sets of paired fins (the other being the laterally positioned pectoral fins). The pelvic fins are homologous to the hindlimbs of tetrapods, which evolved from lobe-finned fish during the Middle Devonian.
HMS Dreadnought (Dreadnought-class submarine)
HMS Dreadnought is a Royal Navy nuclear-powered Trident ballistic missile-armed submarine that is currently under construction.  The lead boat of her class, she is being built in Barrow-in-Furness. On completion she will become the UK's largest ever submarine.

Nuclear marine propulsion
Nuclear marine propulsion is propulsion of a ship or submarine with heat provided by a nuclear reactor. The power plant heats water to produce steam for a turbine used to turn the ship's propeller through a gearbox or through an electric generator and motor. Nuclear propulsion is used primarily within naval warships such as nuclear submarines and supercarriers. A small number of experimental civil nuclear ships have been built.

Compared to oil- or coal-fuelled ships, nuclear propulsion offers the advantage of very long intervals of operation before refueling. All the fuel is contained within the nuclear reactor, so no cargo or supplies space is taken up by fuel, nor is space taken up by exhaust stacks or combustion air intakes. The low fuel cost is offset by high operating costs and investment in infrastructure, however, so nearly all nuclear-powered vessels are military.
Kinwamayu
Kinwamayu (Quechua kinwa a plant (Chenopodium quinoa), mayu river, Hispanicized spelling Ccuenhuamayo) is a river in Peru located in the Ayacucho Region, Victor Fajardo Province, Huancapi District. It is an affluent of the Pampas River.

Kinwamayu originates in the Canaria District. Here, it is named Saqsara (Saccsara). It flows in a mainly northern direction following the border with the Huaya District. In the Huancapi District, it flows along the villages Wisk'achayuq (Viscachayoj), Tuturaqucha (Totoraqocha), Aqu Punku (Acco Punco) and Qucha (Ccocha) until reaching the town Huancapi. Now, it changes its name to Huancapi. Its direction is mainly to the north. The confluence of the rivers Kinwamayu and Pampas is north of the village Aya Urqu (Ayaorcco).

There is a village named Kinwamayu (Ccenhuamayo) east of the river in the Huaya District.

Department of Ayacucho
Ayacucho (Spanish pronunciation: [aʝaˈkutʃo] ⓘ; Quechua: Ayakuchu), known as Huamanga (Quechua: Wamanqa) from its creation in 1822 until 1825, is a department of Peru. It is located in the south-central Andes of the country. The region was one of the hardest hit in the 1980s during the guerrilla war waged by Shining Path. It is administered by a regional government. Its capital is the city of Ayacucho.
Regiomontano (train)
The Regiomontano (from the Spanish demonym for a person from Monterrey) was a passenger train that provided service between Mexico City and Monterrey, formerly operated by Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México.

It was considered a luxury train, due to the small niche of users, mainly from the middle or upper class. Therefore, it did not provide a mass transport service. Its journey was fifteen hours, and its intermediate stops were mainly San Luis Potosí and Saltillo.

The train had 4 stations on its route: Mexico City's Buenavista station, San Luis Potosí, Saltillo, and Monterrey.

Luxury train
A luxury train is a premium passenger rail service. Some luxury trains promote tourism in destinations across a region, while others (such as the Maharajas' Express) take passengers on a ride through a single country. Luxury trains include restaurants, bars, bathrooms, and sleeping and seating areas.
Kristina Brenk
Kristina Brenk née Vrhovec, also known as Kristina Brenkova (22 October 1911 – 20 November 2009) was a Slovene writer, poet, translator and editor, best known for her books for children.

Brenk was born in Horjul in what was then Austria-Hungary in 1911. She studied psychology and pedagogy at the University of Ljubljana and obtained her doctorate in 1939. During the Second World War she joined the Slovene Liberation Front. From 1949 until her retirement in 1973 she worked as an editor at the Mladinska Knjiga publishing house. In 1999 she received the Levstik Award for her lifetime achievement in children's writing. She died in Ljubljana and is buried at Žale.

An award for Best Original Slovene Picture Book bestowed since 2003 by the Slovenian Publishers Association was named after Kristina Brenk from 2011 onwards.

University of Ljubljana
The University of Ljubljana (Slovene: Univerza v Ljubljani, pronounced [uniʋɛ́ːɾza w ljubljàːni], Latin: Universitas Labacensis), abbreviated UL, is the oldest and largest university in Slovenia. It has approximately 38,000 enrolled students. The university has 23 faculties and three art academies with approximately 4,000 teaching and research staff, assisted by approximately 2,000 technical and administrative staff. The University of Ljubljana offers programs in the humanities, sciences, and technology, as well as in medicine, dentistry, and veterinary science.

The university was founded in the centre of Ljubljana, where the central university building and the majority of its faculties are located. Since then, newer buildings have been constructed in the suburbs of the city.
Saman Ghoddos
Seyed Saman Ghoddoos (Persian: سامان قدّوس; born 6 September 1993) is a professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or striker for the Iran national team and Kalba in UAE Pro League. A versatile player, Ghoddos can also be deployed as a winger, wing-back or full-back. Born in Sweden and a former Swedish international, he represents the Iran national team.

Ivory Coast national football team
The Ivory Coast national football team (French: Équipe de football de Côte d'Ivoire, recognized as the Côte d'Ivoire by FIFA) represents Ivory Coast in men's international football. Nicknamed the Elephants, the team is managed by the Ivorian Football Federation (FIF). The team has won the Africa Cup of Nations three times, in 1992, 2015 and 2023, and has qualified for the FIFA World Cup four times, in 2006, 2010, 2014 and 2026.

Ivory Coast's home colours are all orange. Since 2020 their home games have been played at Alassane Ouattara Stadium, in Abidjan. Prior to this their home ground was Felix Houphouet Boigny Stadium, also in Abidjan. Didier Zokora holds the record for number of caps, with 123. The nation's leading goalscorer is Didier Drogba, who scored 65 goals for the Elephants in 105 appearances.
Kiva Software
Kiva Software was the leading provider and pioneer of internet application server software. Kiva Software released the industry's first application server in January 1996, offering companies a robust platform on which to develop and deploy transaction-oriented business applications on the Web. Kiva's customers included Bank of America, E-Trade, Travelocity, Internet Shopping Network, Hong Kong Telecom and Pacific Bell Internet.

Headquartered in Mountain View, California, Kiva Software was a privately held company (1994 - 1997) backed by venture capitalists, including Wiess, Peck & Greer, Greylock, Discovery Ventures, Sippl MacDonald Ventures, Norwest Venture Capital, and Trinity Ventures.

AT&T Internet
AT&T Internet is an AT&T brand of broadband internet service. Previously, AT&T Internet was branded as U-verse Internet and bundled with U-verse TV, which was spun off into the newly independent DirecTV in 2021. AT&T Internet plans powered by fiber-optic cable use the AT&T Fiber brand.
Purcell & Elmslie
Purcell & Elmslie (P&E) was the most widely known iteration of a progressive American architectural practice.  P&E was the second most commissioned firm of the Prairie School, after Frank Lloyd Wright. The firm in all iterations was active from 1907 to 1921, with their most famous work being done between 1913 and 1921.

William L. Steele
William LaBarthe Steele (May 2, 1875 – March 4, 1949) was an American architect from Chicago, Illinois. He is considered a principal member of the Prairie School Architectural Movement during the early 20th century.
Forensic Files season 9
Forensic Files is an American documentary-style series which reveals how forensic science is used to solve violent crimes, mysterious accidents, and even outbreaks of illness. The series was broadcast on Court TV, narrated by Peter Thomas, and produced by Medstar Television, in association with Court TV Original Productions. It has broadcast 406 episodes since its debut on TLC in 1996 as Medical Detectives.

Peter Thomas (announcer)
Peter Addenbrooke Thomas (June 28, 1924 – April 30, 2016) was an American announcer and narrator of television programs and advertisements. Possessing a "smooth and silky baritone" voice, Thomas enjoyed a career spanning more than 70 years, and was best known as the narrator of the television series Forensic Files.