hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
CD48
CD48 antigen (cluster of differentiation 48) also known as B-lymphocyte activation marker (BLAST-1) or signaling lymphocytic activation molecule 2 (SLAMF2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD48 gene.

CD48 is a member of the CD2 subfamily of the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) which includes SLAM (signaling lymphocyte activation molecules) proteins, such as CD84, CD150, CD229 and CD244. CD48 is found on the surface of lymphocytes and other immune cells, dendritic cells and endothelial cells, and participates in activation and differentiation pathways in these cells.

CD48 was the first B-cell-specific cellular differentiation antigen identified in transformed B lymphoblasts.

Endothelium
The endothelium (pl.: endothelia) is a single layer of squamous endothelial cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. The endothelium forms an interface between circulating blood or lymph in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall.

Endothelial cells in direct contact with blood are called vascular endothelial cells whereas those in direct contact with lymph are known as lymphatic endothelial cells. Vascular endothelial cells line the entire circulatory system, from the heart to the smallest capillaries.

These cells have unique functions that include fluid filtration, such as in the glomerulus of the kidney, blood vessel tone, hemostasis, neutrophil recruitment, and hormone trafficking. Endothelium of the interior surfaces of the heart chambers is called endocardium. An impaired function can lead to serious health issues throughout the body.
The Pretender (album)
The Pretender is the fourth album by the American singer-songwriter Jackson Browne, released in 1976. It peaked at No. 5 on Billboard's album chart. The singles from the album were "Here Come Those Tears Again", which reached No. 23, and "The Pretender", which peaked at No. 58.

Kenneth Rexroth
Kenneth Charles Marion Rexroth (December 22, 1905 – June 6, 1982) was an American poet, translator, and critical essayist. He is regarded as a central figure in the San Francisco Renaissance, and paved the groundwork for the movement. Although he did not consider himself to be a Beat poet, and disliked the association, he was dubbed the "Father of the Beats" by Time magazine. Largely self-educated, Rexroth learned several languages and translated poems from Chinese, French, Spanish, and Japanese.
Ali Ahmad Talpur
Mir Ali Ahmed Khan Talpur (died 5 April 1987) was a Pakistani politician who served as the 15th defence minister of Pakistan from 1978 to 1985 in the government of general Zia-ul-Haq. Prior to his appointment as defence minister, he served as agriculture and food minister in East Pakistan from 1955 to 56.

Ministry of Defence (Pakistan)
The Ministry of Defence (Urdu: وزارت دفاع, romanized: vizārat-e-difā', abbreviated as MoD) is a ministry of the federal Government of Pakistan, tasked in defending national interests and territorial integrity of Pakistan. The MoD oversees mission execution of its policies and supervises all agencies of the government directly related to the national security and the Pakistan Armed Forces.

The existence and functions of the ministry are statutorily defined in Part XII, Chapter II of the Constitution of Pakistan with Minister of Defence being its head who reports directly to Prime Minister of Pakistan.

The responsibilities for procurement, production and disposal of equipment were transferred in 2004 to the Ministry of Defence Production. The Ministry of Defence is one of the largest federal ministries of the Government of Pakistan in terms of budget as well as staff.
Japanese ship Hirado
Three ships of the Japanese Navy have been named Hirado:

Japanese cruiser Hirado was a Chikuma-class cruiser launched in 1911 and struck in 1940

Japanese escort ship Hirado was an Etorofu-class escort ship launched in 1943 and scrapped in 1947

JS Hirado (MSO-305) is an Awaji-class minesweeper

Etorofu-class escort ship
The Etorofu-class escort ships (択捉型海防艦, Etorofu-gata kaibōkan) were a group of fourteen kaibōkan escort vessels built for the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II. Eight of the fourteen ships were sunk during the war. The class was also referred to by internal Japanese documents as the "Modified A-class" coastal defense vessel (甲型海防艦, Kō-gata kaibōkan).
Salda, Burdur
Salda is a village in Yeşilova District of Burdur Province, Turkey. Its population is 1,083 (2021). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). It is situated on the coast of Lake Salda. Both the town and the lake are named after Salda creek at the south of the town. Salda  is 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) west of Yeşilova, and 70 kilometres (43 mi) west of Burdur.

2013 Turkish local government reorganisation
Municipalities (Turkish: belediyeler)  are the basic units of local government in Turkey.  According to the Turkish Statistical Institute the population of Turkey was 76,667,864 as of 31 December 2013. The majority of the population live in settlements with municipalities.  The number of municipalities in Turkey was 2,947 in 2009.  But in 2013, most of the small town (Turkish: belde) municipalities were merged to district (Turkish: ilçe) municipalities by the Act 6360 which came into effect at the 2014 local elections sharply decreased the number of municipalities to 1,394.
Washburn Island, Massachusetts
Washburn Island is a 330-acre (1.3 km2) island off the coast of East Falmouth, Massachusetts within Waquoit Bay. It is home to some primitive campsites and is part of the Waquoit Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. It is part of the Town of Falmouth, in Barnstable County in the village of Waquoit.

During World War II, the island was home to Camp Washburn.

Barnstable County, Massachusetts
Barnstable County is a county in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. At the 2020 census, the population was 228,996. The county seat is Barnstable. The county consists of Cape Cod and associated islands (some adjacent islands are in Dukes County and Nantucket County). Barnstable County was formed within the Plymouth Colony on June 2, 1685, including the towns of Falmouth, Sandwich, and others to the east and north on Cape Cod. Plymouth Colony was merged into the Province of Massachusetts Bay in 1691.
Indigenous peoples of New York (state)
Native Americans have lived in the New York area for at least more than 13,000 years. They initially settled in the space around Lake Champlain, the Hudson River Valley and Oneida Lake.

There are currently eight federally recognized Native Americans tribes in New York; the Cayuga Nation, Oneida Indian Nation, Onondaga Nation, Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe, Seneca Nation of New York, Shinnecock Indian Nation, Tonawanda Band of Seneca, and the Tuscarora Nation of New York. As mandated by the National Historic Preservation Act, New York also consults with federally recognized tribes with historic tries to the state, including the Seneca–Cayuga Nation of Oklahoma, the Delaware Nation of Oklahoma, the Delaware Tribe of Indians, and the Stockbridge–Munsee Community. New York recognizes one non-federally recognized tribe, the Unkechaug Indian Nation.

Shinnecock Indian Nation
The Shinnecock Indian Nation is a federally recognized tribe of historically Algonquian-speaking Native Americans based at the eastern end of Long Island, New York. This tribe is headquartered in Suffolk County, on the southeastern shore. Since the mid-19th century, the tribe's landbase is the Shinnecock Reservation within the geographic boundaries of the Town of Southampton. Their name roughly translates into English as "people of the stony shore".
Bhazon Kara
Bhazon Kara is a village in Alkara Union of Chauddagram Upazila, which is in the Comilla District of eastern Bangladesh.

Communication is pretty good due to beside of Dhaka-Chittagong highway. The village has a primary school, community clinics, including mosque, madrasas and tourist attractions.

Tourist attraction
A tourist attraction is a place of interest that tourists visit, typically for its inherent or exhibited natural or cultural value, historical significance, natural or built beauty, offering leisure and amusement.
Tai Koo Shing Ferry Pier
Tai Koo Shing Ferry Pier (Chinese: 太古城碼頭) (1980 - 1983) was a small-sized barge pier in Tai Koo Shing, Quarry Bay, Hong Kong. Its location is now near Poyang Mansion (鄱陽閣), Tsui Woo Terrance (翠湖台). The pier was opened in 1980 to relieve traffic congestion problems in King's Road. The Hong Kong and Yaumati Ferry Company provided ferry services to Central and Kowloon City from there. It was closed when the Sai Wan Ho Ferry Pier in Sai Wan Ho started operation in 1983.

Central, Hong Kong
Central (Chinese: 中環), also known as Central District, is the central business district of Hong Kong. It is located in the northeastern corner of the Central and Western District, on the north shore of Hong Kong Island, across Victoria Harbour from Tsim Sha Tsui, the southernmost point of Kowloon Peninsula. The area was the heart of Victoria City, although that name is rarely used anymore.

As the central business district of Hong Kong, it is the area where many multinational financial services corporations have their headquarters. Consulates of many countries are also located in this area, as is Government Hill, the site of the government headquarters until 2011. The area, with its proximity to Victoria Harbour, has served as the centre of trade and financial activities from the earliest days of the British colonial era in 1841, and continues to flourish and serve as the place of administration since the handover to China in 1997.
2018 Adelaide Football Club season
The 2018 Adelaide Football Club season was the Adelaide Football Club's 28th season in the AFL. It was also its second season in the AFL Women's and its 5th season fielding a reserves team in the SANFL. The men's team started the season successfully, winning the inaugural Adelaide AFLX competition.

2017 AFL Grand Final
The 2017 AFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Adelaide Football Club and the Richmond Football Club at the Melbourne Cricket Ground on 30 September 2017. It was the 122nd annual grand final of the Australian Football League (formerly the Victorian Football League) staged to determine the premiers for the 2017 AFL season. The match, attended by 100,021 spectators, was won by Richmond by a margin of 48 points, marking the club's eleventh VFL/AFL premiership and first since 1980. Richmond's Dustin Martin was awarded the Norm Smith Medal as the best player on the ground.
2021 Dutch Open – Doubles
Harri Heliövaara and Emil Ruusuvuori were the defending champions but chose not to defend their title.

Luca Castelnuovo and Manuel Guinard won the title after defeating Sergio Galdós and Gonçalo Oliveira 0–6, 6–4, [11–9] in the final.

Luca Castelnuovo
Luca Castelnuovo (born 29 January 1997) is a Swiss tennis player. Castelnuovo has a career high ATP singles ranking of No. 400 achieved on 3 November 2025 and a career high doubles ranking of No. 267 achieved on 11 July 2022.

Castelnuovo has won 3 ATP Challenger doubles titles.
Contested Memories
Contested Memories: Poles and Jews During the Holocaust and Its Aftermath is a 2003 book discussing the Holocaust in Poland. Contributors include Zvi Gitelman, Nechama Tec, Israel Gutman, Henry Abramson, Samuel Kassow, Dariusz Stola, David Engel, Stanisław Krajewski, Feliks Tych, Gunnar S. Paulsson, and Michael C. Steinlauf. It was edited by Joshua D. Zimmerman.

The book was described by the publisher as "the first attempt since the fall of Communism to reassess the existing historiography of Polish–Jewish relations just before, during, and after the Second World War".

Nechama Tec
Nechama Tec (née Bawnik, 15 May 1931 – 3 August 2023) was a Polish-American historian who was professor emerita of Sociology at the University of Connecticut. She received her Ph.D. in sociology at Columbia University, where she studied and worked with the sociologist Daniel Bell, and was a Holocaust scholar. Her book When Light Pierced the Darkness (1986) and her memoir Dry Tears: The Story of a Lost Childhood (1984) both received the Merit of Distinction Award from the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith. She is also the author of the book Defiance: The Bielski Partisans on which the film  Defiance (2008) is based, as well as a study of women in the Holocaust. She was awarded the 1994 International Anne Frank Special Recognition prize for it.
John St John, 2nd Baron St John of Bletso
John St John, 2nd Baron St John of Bletso (died 23 October 1596) was an English peer. The son of Oliver St John, 1st Baron St John of Bletso, and Agnes Fisher, he succeeded to the barony upon his father's death in 1582.

John St John was M.P. for Bedfordshire from 1563 to 1567. In January 1585 he was appointed the keeper of Mary, Queen of Scots, at Tutbury Castle. John was reluctant to accept the commission and argued at length with Lord Burghley before accepting, but in 1586 was one of the peers who judged her guilty. He was Lord Lieutenant of Huntingdonshire from about 1587 until his death.

St John married, about 1575, Katherine Dormer, daughter of Dorothy (born Catesby) and Sir William Dormer of Wing, Buckinghamshire and died on 23 October 1596 without male heirs. He was buried at Bletsoe. He was succeeded by his younger brother. His daughter Anne married William Howard, 3rd Baron Howard of Effingham. His widow died in 1615 and was buried in Westminster Abbey.

Wing, Buckinghamshire
Wing, known in antiquity as Wyng, is a village and civil parish in east Buckinghamshire, England. The village is on the main A418 road between Aylesbury and Leighton Buzzard. It is about 8 miles (13 km) north-east of Aylesbury, 3 miles (5 km) west of Leighton Buzzard, and 12 miles (19 km) south of Milton Keynes.
Never in a Million Years (Cara Dillon song)
"Never In A Million Years" is the lead single release from After The Morning, the third album by Cara Dillon. The single was released as a promo for radio stations in the UK and Ireland. The single was also released exclusively by iTunes as a digital download a week prior to the release of After the Morning, where it climbed to #39 in the iTunes Top 100.

Cara Dillon
Cara Elizabeth Dillon (born 21 July 1975, in Dungiven, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland) is a Northern Irish folk singer.

In 1995, she joined the folk group Equation and signed a record deal with Warners Music Group. After leaving the group, she collaborated with Sam Lakeman under the name Polar Star. In 2001, she released her first solo album, Cara Dillon, which featured traditional songs and two original Dillon/Lakeman compositions. The album was an unexpected hit in the folk world, with Dillon receiving four nominations at the 2002 BBC Radio 2 Folk Awards. She has since released a further eight albums.
The Hood Dictionary
The Hood Dictionary is the fourth mixtape by American rapper NoCap. It was released on November 19, 2019, by Atlantic Records and Never Broke Again. The mixtape features guest appearances from Quando Rondo, Lil Durk, and Jagged Edge. Meanwhile, the mixtape was handled by a variety of prestigious producers including CashMoneyAP, SephGotTheWaves, Outtatown, Rude Dolph, Jambo, Otxhello, Young Cutta, and YoungKimJ, among others.

The mixtape was supported by three singles: "First Day In", "Ghetto Angels (Remix)" featuring Lil Durk and Jagged Edge, and "What You Know". The mixtape debuted at number 80 on the US Billboard 200.

Ghetto Angels
"Ghetto Angels" is a song by American rapper NoCap. Considered his breakout hit, it was officially released on May 17, 2019, as the lead single from his mixtape The Backend Child (2019), after its music video premiered on March 24, 2019. The song was produced by Juse Dayne.
RAF St Angelo
Royal Air Force St Angelo or more simply RAF St Angelo is a former Royal Air Force station during the Second World War, located near the village of Trory on the southern tip of Lower Lough Erne, 2.5 miles (4.0 km) north of Enniskillen, County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland; also used by the Royal Navy’s Fleet Air Arm. The name St Angelo is believed to be taken from the nearby Bishop's house (named after the saint), which was commandeered during the war as the Station Commander's residence; the name also became attached to the airfield.

The airfield was later renamed as St Angelo Barracks from the 1970s and utilised as an accommodation barracks and a centre of helicopter operations over the province, by the British Army and Ulster Defence Regiment during The Troubles in Northern Ireland.

The airfield remains in existence under civilian ownership, reduced to a single runway, with a range of private flying ventures but with no commercial airline services.

Fleet Air Arm
The Fleet Air Arm (FAA) is the naval aviation component of the United Kingdom's Royal Navy (RN). The FAA is one of five RN fighting arms. As of 2023 it is a primarily helicopter force, though also operating the F-35B Lightning II carrier-based stealth fighter jointly with the Royal Air Force.

The RAF was formed by the 1918 merger of the RN's Royal Naval Air Service with the British Army's Royal Flying Corps. The FAA did not come under the direct control of the Admiralty until mid-1939. During the Second World War, the FAA operated aircraft on ships as well as land-based aircraft that defended the Royal Navy's shore establishments and facilities.
USS Stockton
Three ships in the United States Navy have been named USS Stockton for Commodore Robert F. Stockton.

USS Stockton (TB-32) was a torpedo boat, commissioned in 1901 and decommissioned in 1913.

USS Stockton (DD-73) was a Caldwell-class destroyer commissioned in 1917, served in World War I, decommissioned in 1922, and transferred to the Royal Navy as HMS Ludlow in 1940.

USS Stockton (DD-504), a planned Stevenson-class light destroyer canceled in 1941

USS Stockton (DD-646) was a Gleaves-class destroyer, commissioned in 1943, served in World War II, and decommissioned in 1946

Caldwell-class destroyer
The Caldwell class was a class of six
"flush deck" United States Navy destroyers built during World War I and shortly after. Four served as convoy escorts in the Atlantic; the other two were completed too late for wartime service. Two were scrapped during the 1930s, but four survived to serve throughout World War II, three of these in service with the Royal Navy under the Destroyers for Bases Agreement and the fourth as a high speed transport.
Huenchullami River
The Huenchullamí River is a river of the coastal area of Maule Region, in Chile. Its source is in the west of Pencahue, and runs to NW with the names of Libún, Batuco and Coipué, and after receiving Gualleco's creek waters, it takes the name of Huenchullamí River, and ends 10 or 12 km south from Mataquito River's mouth in La Trinchera beach.

This river divides the Communes of Curepto and Constitución.

Maule Region
The Maule Region (Spanish: Región del Maule, pronounced [ˈmawle]) is one of Chile's 16 first order administrative divisions. Its capital is Talca. The region derives its name from the Maule River which, running westward from the Andes, bisects the region and spans a basin of about 20,600 km2. The Maule river marked the southern limits of the Inca Empire.
Cressman
Cressman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Beverley Cressman, a British actress

Dave Cressman (born 1950), retired Canadian ice hockey left winger

George P. Cressman (1919–2008), American meteorologist and National Weather Service director (1965-1979)

Glen Cressman (born 1934), retired Canadian professional ice hockey forward

Joseph Cressman Thompson or Joseph Cheesman Thompson, M. D., (1874–1943), career medical officer in the United States Navy

Luther Cressman (1897–1994), American anthropologist

Tom Cressman, murdered by Jane Andrews, a one-time Royal dresser for Sarah, the Duchess of York

Joseph Cheesman Thompson
Joseph Cheesman Thompson (1874–1943) was an American career medical officer in the United States Navy who attained the rank of commander before retirement in 1929. His foes called him "Crazy Thompson", but to friends he was known as "Snake", a nickname derived from his expertise in the field of herpetology.
D. R. Shackleton Bailey
David Roy Shackleton Bailey FBA (10 December 1917 – 28 November 2005) was a British scholar of Latin literature (particularly in the field of textual criticism) who spent his academic life teaching at the University of Cambridge, the University of Michigan, and Harvard. He is best known for his work on Horace (editing his complete works for the Teubner series), and Cicero, especially his commentaries and translations of Cicero's letters.

Loeb Classical Library
The Loeb Classical Library (LCL; named after James Loeb; /loʊb/, German: [løːp]) is a monographic series of books originally published by Heinemann and since 1934 by Harvard University Press. It has bilingual editions of ancient Greek and Latin literature, with the original Greek or Latin text on the left-hand page and a fairly literal translation on the facing page.
Paul Crowley (American football)
Paul Crowley (born June 21, 1987) is an American college football coach. He is the head football coach for Christopher Newport University, a position he has held since 2022. Crowley was an all-conference offensive lineman at Christopher Newport, and coached at the school following his playing career, serving as recruiting coordinator, as well as multiple offensive position coaches under Matt Kelchner. Crowley, then coached at the Division I level, at William & Mary as the running backs coach for two years, before returning to Newport under Art Link as an offensive lineman coach for three years, before becoming the head coach of the program.

William & Mary Tribe football
The William & Mary Tribe are a college football team representing the College of William & Mary in Williamsburg, Virginia. William & Mary competes in CAA Football, a single-sport NCAA Division I Football Championship Subdivision conference operated by the Tribe's primary athletic home of the Coastal Athletic Association. They are currently coached by Mike London. He succeeds Jimmye Laycock, who was the head coach of the Tribe for 39 years.

In 2008, William & Mary opened the Jimmye Laycock Football Center, housing the Tribe locker room, football players' classroom study sessions and tape review rooms.

The College of William & Mary has transitioned through several official nicknames since its athletic program began in 1893. From 1893 to 1916, William & Mary football players were known as the Orange and White because those were the old official school colors. From 1916 to 1977, all William & Mary athletes were known as the Indians. Since 1978, they have been known as the Tribe.
Diferulic acids
Diferulic acids (also known as dehydrodiferulic acids) are organic compounds that have the general chemical formula C20H18O8, they are formed by dimerisation of ferulic acid. Curcumin and curcuminoids, though having a structure resembling diferulic acids', are not formed that way but through a condensation process. Just as ferulic acid is not the proper IUPAC name, the diferulic acids also tend to have trivial names that are more commonly used than the correct IUPAC name. Diferulic acids are found in plant cell walls, particularly those of grasses.

Dimerization
In chemistry, dimerization is the process of joining two identical or similar molecular entities by bonds.  The resulting bonds can be either strong or weak. Many symmetrical chemical species are described as dimers, even when the monomer is unknown or highly unstable.

The term homodimer is used when the two subunits are identical (e.g. A–A) and heterodimer when they are not (e.g. A–B). The reverse of dimerization is often called dissociation. When two oppositely-charged ions associate into dimers, they are referred to as Bjerrum pairs, after Danish chemist Niels Bjerrum.