hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Badminton South Africa
Badminton South Africa is the national governing body that oversees and manages affairs related to the sport of badminton in South Africa. The body is affiliated to the BWF and Badminton Confederation of Africa. The association was founded in 1938, as the South African Badminton Union (SABU) and had a name change in 1998. It is made up of 14 provincial associations and 13 districts. Its teams compete at Sudirman Cup, World Championships, Thomas Cup  and Uber Cup (for women).

Badminton Africa
Badminton Africa (BA) is the governing body of badminton in Africa. It is one of the 5 continental bodies under the flag of the Badminton World Federation. It now has 46 member countries and 2 associate members. It was formerly called the Badminton Confederation of Africa.
Denis-Charles Cisinski
Denis-Charles Cisinski (born March 10, 1976) is a mathematician focussing on higher category theory, homotopy theory, K-theory and algebraic geometry. In 2001, Cisinski model structures on topoi were introduced and later named after him. Since 2016, Denis-Charles Cisinski works at the Universität Regensburg.

Topos
In mathematics, a topos (US: /ˈtɒpɒs/, UK: /ˈtoʊpoʊs, ˈtoʊpɒs/; plural topoi /ˈtɒpɔɪ/ or /ˈtoʊpɔɪ/, or toposes) is a category that behaves like the category of sheaves of sets on a topological space (or more generally, on a site). Topoi behave much like the category of sets and possess a notion of localization.  The Grothendieck topoi find applications in algebraic geometry, and more general elementary topoi are used in logic.

The mathematical field that studies topoi is called topos theory.
Bronte High School
Bronte High School is a public high school located in Bronte, Texas (USA) and classified as a 1A school by the UIL. It is part of the Bronte Independent School District located in northeastern Coke County. For the 2021-2022 school year, the school was given an "A" by the Texas Education Agency.

Coke County, Texas
Coke County is a county located on the Edwards Plateau in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 3,285. Its county seat is Robert Lee. The county was founded in 1889 and is named for Richard Coke, the 15th governor of Texas and later a U.S. senator. Coke County was one of 46 prohibition, or entirely dry, counties in Texas, but passed a law allowing the sale of beer and wine in 2005.
Oliván
Oliván is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brian Oliván (born 1994), Spanish footballer

Bryan Alonso González Oliván (born 2003), Mexican footballer

Javier Oliván (born 1977), Spanish business executive

Jesús Oliván (born 1968), Spanish long jumper

Joan Perez Garcia de Olivan (1500–1560), bishop and co-prince of Andorra

Manuel Castells Oliván (born 1942), Spanish sociologist

María Julia Oliván (fl. 2013), Argentine journalist

Jesús Oliván
Jesús Oliván Mallén (born 5 July 1968) is a retired Spanish long jumper.

He was born in Aranjuez. He finished eighth at the 1986 European Indoor Championships and fifteenth at the 1992 European Indoor Championships He also competed at the 1991 World Indoor Championships, the 1991 World Championships, the 1992 Olympic Games and the 1996 Olympic Games without reaching the final.

He became Spanish long jump champion in 1991, 1995 and 1996, rivalling with Antonio Corgos and Ángel Hernández. He also became indoor champion in 1991, 1994 and 1996. His personal best jump was 8.12 metres, achieved in August 1991 in Vigo.

Oliván stands 1.90 m (6 ft 3 in) tall, and during his active career he weighed 78 kilograms (172 lb).
Australian cricket team in Pakistan in 1988–89
The Australian cricket team toured Pakistan in the 1988–89 season. The teams played three Tests and 3 ODI's. Pakistan won both series 1 - 0. Javed Miandad and Bruce Reid were declared Man of the Series.

Tim May
Timothy Brian Alexander May (born 26 January 1962) is a former Australian cricketer for South Australia. He was, until June 2013, a leading players' representative in his role as Chief Executive of the Federation of International Cricketers' Associations (FICA). May played in 24 Tests and 47 ODIs in an injury-interrupted career between 1987 and 1995. May was a part of the Australian team that won their first world title during the 1987 Cricket World Cup and the South Australian team that won the 1995-96 Sheffield Shield Competition.
Dassault nEUROn
The Dassault nEUROn is an experimental unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) being developed with international cooperation, led by the French company Dassault Aviation. Countries involved in this project include France, Greece, Italy, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland. The design goal is to create a stealthy, autonomous UAV that can function in medium-to-high threat combat zones.

The industrial goal is to give European firms experience designing and building high-end UAVs and associated technologies, in order to keep them competitive in the global marketplace. The first flight took place on December 1, 2012.

Autonomy
In developmental psychology and moral, political,  bioethical philosophy, autonomy is the capacity to make an informed, uncoerced decision. Autonomous organizations or institutions are independent or self-governing. Autonomy can also be defined from a human resources perspective, where it denotes a (relatively high) level of discretion granted to an employee in their work. In such cases, autonomy is known to generally increase job satisfaction. Self-actualized individuals are thought to operate autonomously of external expectations. In a medical context, respect for a patient's personal autonomy is considered one of many fundamental ethical principles in medicine.
Molar (tooth)
The molars or molar teeth are large, flat teeth at the back of the mouth. They are more developed in mammals. They are used primarily to grind food during chewing. The name molar derives from Latin, molaris dens, meaning "millstone tooth", from mola, millstone and dens, tooth. Molars show a great deal of diversity in size and shape across the mammal groups. The third molar of humans is sometimes vestigial.

Theria
Theria (/ˈθɪəriə/ or /ˈθɛriə/; from Ancient Greek  θηρίον (thēríon) 'wild beast') is a subclass of mammals amongst the Theriiformes. Theria contains the eutherians (which includes placental mammals) and the metatherians (which includes marsupials) but excludes the egg-laying monotremes and various extinct mammals evolving prior to the common ancestor of placentals and marsupials.
Elliot Lake
Elliot Lake is a city in Algoma District, Ontario, Canada. It is north of Lake Huron, midway between the cities of Sudbury and Sault Ste. Marie in the Northern Ontario region. Once dubbed the "uranium capital of the world," Elliot Lake has since diversified to a hub for advanced manufacturing, forest harvesting, mine reclamation expertise, retirement living, all-season tourism and remote work. The nearby Mississagi Provincial Park is one of only ten operating parks in Ontario with back country hiking and camping, and is the eighth-largest hiking network in Ontario among all operating parks.

Algoma District
Algoma District is a district and census division in Northeastern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario.

The name was created by an American  ethnologist, Henry Rowe Schoolcraft (1793–1864), who was appointed Indian agent to the Ojibwe in Sault Ste. Marie region in 1822.  "Al" is derived from Algonquin, while "goma" is a variant of gomee, meaning lake or water.

Algoma District has shoreline along Lake Superior and Lake Huron. It has an international border crossing to the American state of Michigan, at Sault Ste. Marie. Historically, it was known for its lumber and mining industries.

The rugged scenery of the region has inspired works by Canadian artists, particularly the Group of Seven. They rented a boxcar from the Algoma Central Railway to travel on excursions through this region.
2024 Paradise Jam
The 2024 U.S. Virgin Islands Paradise Jam was an early-season men's and women's college basketball tournament. The tournament, which began in 2000, was part of the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's basketball season and 2024–25 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The tournament was played at the Elridge Wilburn Blake Sports and Fitness Center in Charlotte Amalie West, Saint Thomas, United States Virgin Islands.

2024–25 NCAA Division I men's basketball season
The 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's basketball season began on November 4, 2024. The regular season ended on March 16, 2025, with the 2025 NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament that began with the First Four on March 18 and ended with the championship game at the Alamodome in San Antonio, Texas, on April 7.
Chambal Ke Daku
Chambal Ke Daku is a 1982 Hindi-language action drama film directed by S. Azhar and produced by R. Sandhu. Two real life dacoits of Chambal, Mohar Singh and Madho Singh starred in this film. It is the first movie in India where two criminals have portrayed their own characters on celluloid.

Chambal (region)
The Chambal is a geographical and cultural region in north-central India. It lies along the Chambal and Yamuna river valleys, in southeastern Rajasthan, southwestern Uttar Pradesh and northern Madhya Pradesh.
Jayes
Jayes is an English surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brian Jayes (1932–1978), English football player

Laura Jayes (born 1983), Australian journalist and television presenter

Thomas Jayes (1877–1913), English cricket player

English name
English names are personal names used in, or originating in, England.
In England, as elsewhere in the English-speaking world, a complete name usually consists of one or more given names, commonly referred to as first names, and a (most commonly patrilineal, rarely matrilineal) family name or surname, also referred to as a last name. The given names after the first are often referred to as middle names.
Kadawunu Poronduwa (1982 film)
Kadawunu Poronduwa is a 1982 Sinhala drama film directed by Roy de Silva and produced by his wife Sumana Amarasinghe. It is a remake of the first Sinhala film Kadawunu Poronduwa. The film stars Vijaya Kumaratunga and Sumana Amarasinghe in lead roles with Eddie Jayamanne, Joe Abeywickrama and Ruby de Mel in supportive roles. It also marks the film debut of comedian Sunil Hettiarachchi, as well as final appearance of Eddie Jayamanne in cinema.

Roy de Silva
Chathurartha Devadithya Gardiyawasam Lindamulage Roy Aloysius Felix de Silva, popularly known as Roy de Silva (රෝයි ද සිල්වා; 30 August 1937 – 30 June 2018), was a Sri Lankan actor and film director in Sri Lankan cinema. He entered the film industry as an actor in 1964 with Sujage Rahasa, directed by Palaniyaandi Neelakantan. He later moved towards cinema directing, becoming one of the most successful film makers in the Sri Lankan film industry. His blockbuster movies such as Re Daniel Dawal Migel series, Cheriyo series, Clean Out, and Sir Last Chance were economically successful and made hallmarks in the industry.
Chico Regional Airport
Chico Regional Airport (IATA: CIC, ICAO: KCIC, FAA LID: CIC), formerly known as Chico Municipal Airport, is four miles (6 km) north of Chico, in Butte County, California, United States. The airport covers 1,475 acres (6.0 km2), has two runways and one helipad. Its fixed-base operator, Northgate Aviation provides fuel, maintenance, flight training, and charter flights. Though an operational airport with that meets Federal Aviation Regulations Part 139 standards, the airport has not seen active commercial air service since SkyWest Airlines ended service to San Francisco at the end of 2014.

Federal Aviation Regulations
The Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs) are rules prescribed by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) governing all aviation activities in the United States. The FARs comprise Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR). A wide variety of activities are regulated, such as aircraft design and maintenance, typical airline flights, pilot training activities, hot-air ballooning, lighter-than-air aircraft, human-made structure heights, obstruction lighting and marking, model rocket launches, commercial space operations, model aircraft operations, unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) and kite flying. The rules are designed to promote safe aviation, protecting pilots, flight attendants, passengers and the general public from unnecessary risk.
Dichelyne alatae
Dichelyne alatae is a species of nematode, described on the basis of the worms recovered from the intestine of the whiting, Sillaginopsis panijus from the estuary of the Hooghly River at Kalyani, West Bengal, India. Dichelyne alatae is unique in having a small body size, deirids posterior to the oesophagus, short and wide caudal alae at the level of cloacal opening, unequal, alate spicules, a shield-shaped gubernaculum, a different number of caudal papillae and a conical tail with spines in its distal region.

Hooghly River
The Hooghly River (/ˈhuːɡli/; Bengali: Hugli [ˈɦuɡli]) is the westernmost distributary of the Ganges, situated in West Bengal, India. It is known in its upper reaches as the Bhagirathi. The Bhagirathi splits off from the main branch of the Ganges at Giria. A short distance west, it meets the man-made Farakka Feeder Canal, which massively increases its flow. The river then flows south to join the Jalangi at Nabadwip, where it becomes the Hooghly proper. The Hooghly continues southwards, passing through the metropolis of Kolkata. Thereafter, it empties into the Bay of Bengal. Its tributaries include the Ajay, Damodar, Rupnarayan, and Haldi.

The Hooghly has religious significance as Hindus consider the river sacred. It also plays a major role in the agriculture, industry, and climate of the state.
Dazhu gansi
Dazhu gansi (simplified Chinese: 大煮干丝; traditional Chinese: 大煮乾絲; pinyin: dàzhǔ gānsī) is a specialty dish of Huaiyang cuisine. Dried tofu is sliced into matchstick-sized pieces and served in chicken stock. Many other ingredients can be added to the tofu. As tofu does not have much flavor, the chef is challenged to produce knifework of great precision (a hallmark of Huaiyang cuisine) and a broth of the highest quality. It is said to have been created in Yangzhou for the Qianlong emperor.

Tofu
Tofu (Japanese: 豆腐, Hepburn: Tōfu; Korean: 두부; RR: dubu, Chinese: 豆腐; pinyin: dòufu) or bean curd is a food prepared by pressing the curds of coagulated soy milk into solid white blocks of varying softness: silken, soft, firm, and extra (or super) firm.

It originated in China and has been consumed for over 2,000 years. Tofu is a traditional component of many East Asian and Southeast Asian cuisines; in modern Western cooking, it is often used as a meat substitute.

Nutritionally, tofu is low in calories, while providing a rich source of protein. Cultivation of tofu has one of the lowest needs for land use (1.3 m2/ 1000 kcal) and emits some of the lowest amounts of greenhouse gas emissions per gram of edible protein of any food (1.6 kg CO2/ 100 g protein).
18 Monocerotis
18 Monocerotis is a binary star system located about halfway from Orion's Belt to Procyon, in the equatorial constellation of Monoceros. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, orange-hued star with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.47, and is positioned around 370 light years away from the Sun based on parallax. The system is receding from the Earth with a heliocentric radial velocity of +11 km/s.

It is reported as a single-lined spectroscopic binary with an orbital period of 1,760.9 days (4.8 years) and an eccentricity of 0.4. The visible component is an aging K-type giant star with a stellar classification of K0+IIIaBa0.2, showing a slight overabundance of barium. The spectrum displays strong violet lines of CN. With the supply of hydrogen at its core exhausted, this star has expanded to 27 times the radius of the Sun. It is radiating 311 times the luminosity of the Sun from its swollen photosphere at an effective temperature of 4,750 K.

Cyano radical
The cyano radical (or cyanido radical) is a radical with molecular formula CN, sometimes written •CN. The cyano radical was one of the first detected molecules in the interstellar medium, in 1938. Its detection and analysis was influential in astrochemistry. The discovery was confirmed with a coudé spectrograph, which was made famous and credible due to this detection. ·CN has been observed in both diffuse clouds and dense clouds. Usually, CN is detected in regions with hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen isocyanide, and HCNH+, since it is involved in the creation and destruction of these species (see also Cyanogen).
Harte-Hanks Communications, Inc. v. Connaughton
Harte-Hanks Communications Inc. v. Connaughton, 491 U.S. 657 (1989), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States supplied an additional journalistic behavior that constitutes actual malice as first discussed in New York Times Co. v. Sullivan (1964). In the case, the Court held that departure from responsible reporting and unreasonable reporting conduct alone were not sufficient to award a public figure damages in a libel case. However, the Court also ruled that if reporters wrote with reckless disregard for the truth, which included ignoring obvious sources for their report, plaintiffs could be awarded compensatory damages on the grounds of actual malice.

Public figure
A public figure is a person who has achieved fame, prominence or notoriety within a society, whether through achievement, luck, action, or in some cases through no purposeful action of their own.

In the context of defamation actions (libel and slander) as well as invasion of privacy, a public figure cannot succeed in a lawsuit on incorrect harmful statements in the United States unless there is proof that the writer or publisher acted with actual malice by knowing the falsity or by reckless disregard for the truth. The legal burden of proof in defamation actions is thus higher in the case of a public figure than in the case of an ordinary person.

The tort of defamation depends on jurisdiction: for example, the law of defamation in England and Wales differs from Scotland or the State of Florida.
Dawson Five
The Dawson Five were defendants in a criminal court case in Dawson, Georgia, where they were charged with the murder of a white customer in a roadside convenience store. The five young black men, one of whom was a juvenile, became known as "The Dawson Five": Roosevelt Watson, Henderson Watson, J. D. Davenport, Johnnie B. Jackson, and George Poor.

On January 22, 1976, Gordon B. Howell Jr. was shot during a robbery of Tiny's Grocery, located at Bridges Crossroads near Dawson. On December 19, 1977, after over a year of imprisonment, time in the national spotlight, and contentious pretrial hearings; District Attorney John Irwin announced that he was dropping all charges against the five defendants, after a ruling by the presiding Judge Geer that voided Roosevelt Watson's forced confession. The court dropped the charges after finding evidence of police misconduct, including coerced confessions, intimidation, and improper identification procedures.

Police misconduct
Police misconduct is inappropriate conduct and illegal actions taken by police officers in connection with their official duties. Types of misconduct include among others: sexual offences, coerced false confession, intimidation, false arrest, false imprisonment, falsification of evidence, spoliation of evidence, police perjury, witness tampering, police brutality, police corruption, racial profiling, unwarranted surveillance, unwarranted searches, and unwarranted seizure of property.
42-line fortress and siege gun Pattern of 1877
42-line fortress and siege gun M1877 (Russian: 42-линейная крепостная и осадная пушка образца 1877 года) was a siege gun used by the Russian Imperial Army in late 19th and early 20th centuries. The word "line" in the designation refers to a measurement unit which equals 0.1 inch. The "model year" was not the year when the weapon was designed or standardized, but the year when a new rifling system was adopted.

Line (unit)
The line (abbreviated L or l or ‴ or lin.) was a small English unit of length, variously reckoned as 1⁄10, 1⁄12, 1⁄16, or 1⁄40 of an inch. It was not included among the units defined in the Weights and Measures Act 1824, which established the British Imperial units of measurement system.
Battle of Yultong
The Battle of Yultong (Korean: 율동 전투; RR: Yultong Jeontu; Filipino: Labanan sa Yultong), also known as the Battle of Meiluodong (Chinese: 美罗洞战斗; pinyin: Měiluódòng Zhàndòu), Battle of Yuldong, or Battle of Yuldong-ri, took place during the Korean War. It was fought between approximately 15,000 soldiers (in the Philippine account), or 2 battalions in the Chinese account, from elements of the Chinese People's Volunteer Army (PVA) 34th Division (44th Division from Chinese sources) and 900 Filipino soldiers 10th Battalion Combat Team (BCT), north of Yeoncheon during April 22–23, 1951. The battle was part of the Chinese Spring Offensive.

People's Volunteer Army
The People's Volunteer Army (PVA), officially the Chinese People's Volunteers (CPV), was the armed expeditionary forces deployed by the People's Republic of China during the Korean War. Although all units in the PVA were actually transferred from the People's Liberation Army (PLA) under the orders of Chairman Mao Zedong, the PVA was separately constituted in order to prevent an official war with the United States. The PVA entered Korea on 19 October 1950 and completely withdrew by October 1958. The nominal commander and political commissar of the PVA was Peng Dehuai before the ceasefire agreement in 1953, although both Chen Geng and Deng Hua served as the acting commander and commissar after April 1952 following Peng's illness. The initial (25 October – 5 November 1950) units in the PVA included 38th, 39th, 40th, 42nd, 50th, 66th Corps; totalling 250,000 men. About 3 million Chinese civilian and military personnel had served in Korea throughout the war.
Giuseppe Grassi (politician)
Giuseppe Grassi (8 May 1883 in Martano – 25 August 1950) was a 20th-century Italian politician. Member of the Italian Liberal Party, he served as Minister of Justice in Alcide De Gasperi's fourth and fifth cabinets between 1947 and 1950. He signed, as Keeper of the Seals, the Constitution of Italy in 1948.

Italian Liberal Party
The Italian Liberal Party (Italian: Partito Liberale Italiano, PLI) was a liberal political party in Italy.

The PLI, which was heir to the liberal currents of both the Historical Right and the Historical Left, was a minor party after World War II, but also a frequent junior party in government, especially after 1979. It originally represented the right-wing of the Italian liberal movement, while the Italian Republican Party the left-wing. The PLI disintegrated in 1994 following the fallout of the Tangentopoli corruption scandal and was succeeded by several minor parties. The party's most influential leaders were Giovanni Giolitti, Benedetto Croce and Giovanni Malagodi.
PNU-91356A
PNU-91356A (U-91356) is a drug used in scientific research which acts as a potent and reasonably selective agonist of the dopamine receptor D2, with lower affinity for the related D3 and D4 subtypes and the 5-HT1A receptor.

Dopamine receptor D2
Dopamine receptor D2, also known as D2R, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the DRD2 gene. After work from Paul Greengard's lab had suggested that dopamine receptors were the site of action of antipsychotic drugs, several groups, including those of Solomon H. Snyder and Philip Seeman used a radiolabeled antipsychotic drug to identify what is now known as the dopamine D2 receptor. The dopamine D2 receptor is the main receptor for most antipsychotic drugs.  The structure of DRD2 in complex with the atypical antipsychotic risperidone has been determined.