hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Birtha (band)
Birtha was an American all-female rock band of the early 1970s. Formed in Los Angeles, the band consisted of Shele Pinizzotto (guitar), Rosemary Butler (bass), Sherry Hagler (keyboards), and Olivia "Liver" Favela (drums). Each of the band members contributed lead vocals and harmonies.

All-female band
An all-female band is a musical group in popular music that is exclusively composed of female musicians. This is distinct from a girl group, in which the female members are solely vocalists, though this terminology is not universally followed. While all-male bands are common in many rock and pop scenes, all-female bands are less common.
2020–21 Colonial Athletic Association football season
The 2020–21 Colonial Athletic Association football season was the fourteenth season of football for the Colonial Athletic Association (CAA) and part of the 2020–21 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The entirety of the season was completed in the spring due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, and Towson opted to not participate in the season. Albany opted out on March 31 after playing 4 games, with New Hampshire following on April 6 and Rhode Island opting out the next day.

2020 Rhode Island Rams football team
The 2020 Rhode Island Rams football team represented the University of Rhode Island in the 2020–21 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by seventh-year head coach Jim Fleming and played their home games at Meade Stadium. They competed as a member of the Colonial Athletic Association.

On July 17, 2020, the Colonial Athletic Association announced that it would not play fall sports due to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the conference is allowing the option for teams to play as independents for the 2020 season if they still wish to play in the fall.

On April 7, 2021, the team announced that its season would end earlier than expected due to a mandated pause in team activities resulting from positive COVID-19 cases that extended past their last scheduled game.
James Smyth (English MP)
Sir James Smyth (c. 1621 – 18 November 1681) was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1661 to 1681.

He was lieutenant-colonel and captain of the Tangier Regiment from its raising in 1661 until 1665, when he became lieutenant-colonel of the Coldstream Guards.

The Smyths were a prominent family in Exeter and he married a Cornish heiress. He was Member of Parliament for Exeter from 1661 until 1679, and Camelford from 1679 until his death in 1681.

He is regarded as the founder of Sir James Smith's School, Camelford (established 1679, modified 1962).

Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey)
The Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey) was a line infantry regiment of the English and later the British Army from 1661 to 1959. It was the senior English line infantry regiment of the British Army, behind only the Royal Scots in the British Army line infantry order of precedence.

In 1959, the regiment was amalgamated with the East Surrey Regiment, to form a single county regiment called the Queen's Royal Surrey Regiment which was, on 31 December 1966, amalgamated with the Queen's Own Buffs, The Royal Kent Regiment, the Royal Sussex Regiment and the Middlesex Regiment (Duke of Cambridge's Own) to form the Queen's Regiment. Following a further amalgamation in 1992 with the Royal Hampshire Regiment, the lineage of the regiment is continued today by the Princess of Wales's Royal Regiment (Queen's and Royal Hampshires).
Jacob Ruppert
Jacob Ruppert Jr. (August 5, 1867 – January 13, 1939) was an American brewer, businessman, National Guard colonel and politician who served for four terms representing New York in the United States House of Representatives from 1899 to 1907. He also owned the New York Yankees of Major League Baseball from 1915 until his death in 1939.

Starting out in the family brewing business, Ruppert entered the 7th Regiment of the New York National Guard in 1886 at the age of 19, eventually reaching the rank of colonel. While he was the owner of the Yankees, he purchased the contract of Babe Ruth and built Yankee Stadium, reversing the franchise's fortunes and establishing it as the premier club in the major leagues. Ruppert was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in July 2013.

New York State Division of Military and Naval Affairs
The New York State Division of Military and Naval Affairs (NYS DMNA) is responsible for the state's New York Army National Guard, New York Air National Guard, New York Guard and the New York Naval Militia. It is headed by Adjutant General of New York Major General Raymond F. Shields Jr., appointed on October 1, 2018. with the Governor of New York Kathy Hochul serving as Commander in Chief of the state's militia forces. It is part of the New York State Executive Department.

All of the armories in New York State are run directly or indirectly by the Division of Military and Naval Affairs.
The DMNA headquarters, located in Latham, New York near Albany, is within 8 miles of both the Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory and the General Electric Research and Development facility in Niskayuna, New York.
Central Committee of the 4th Congress of the League of Communists of Bosnia and Herzegovina
This electoral term of the Central Committee was elected by the 4th Congress of the League of Communists of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1965, and was in session until the gathering of the 5th Congress in 1969.

K. G. Saur Verlag
K. G. Saur Verlag is a German publisher based in Munich that specializes in reference information for libraries. The publishing house, founded in 1949 by Karl-Otto Saur, Chief of Armament Staff of wartime Nazi Germany as Dokumentation Saur, only became economically successful, now named K. G. Saur Verlag, from 1966 under his son Klaus Gerhard Saur.

In 1987,  K. G. Saur was acquired by Reed International. Its British holdings were merged into the separate company Bowker-Saur. In 2000, Reed Elsevier sold K. G. Saur to the Gale Group, a unit of the Thomson Corporation. Walter de Gruyter acquired it in 2006.
Tricky Towers
Tricky Towers is a physics-based tower building game puzzle video game that uses a form of the block-stacking problem as the central game mechanic. It was released on digital distribution service Steam for Windows, OS X, and Linux, and for the PlayStation Plus service in August 2016, before being released on PlayStation 4 a month later. It was released on Xbox One on September 18, 2017, and on the Nintendo Switch on October 11, 2018.

The game runs on the Unity engine and was created by the independent studio WeirdBeard. The game received favourable reviews.

Puzzle video game
Puzzle video games make up a broad genre of video games that emphasize puzzle solving. The types of puzzles can test problem-solving skills, including logic, pattern recognition, sequence solving, spatial recognition, and word completion. Many puzzle games involve a real-time element and require quick thinking, such as Tetris (1985) and Lemmings (1991).
Narsimh Bhandari
Narsimh Bhandari (20 June 1934 – 17 November 2017) was an Indian cricketer. He played in seven first-class matches between 1959 and 1961, scoring a century on debut for Bihar cricket team. He also played for East Zone cricket team in the 1961–62 Duleep Trophy.

1961–62 Duleep Trophy
The 1961–62 Duleep Trophy was the first season of the Duleep Trophy, a first-class cricket tournament contested by five zonal teams of India: Central Zone, East Zone, North Zone, South Zone and West Zone.

West Zone won the title, defeating South Zone in the final.
2024–25 Moldovan Super Liga
The 2024–25 Moldovan Super Liga was the 34th season of top-tier football in Moldova. The league started on 3 August 2024 and ended on 18 May 2025. Petrocub Hîncești were the defending champions. The winners of the league this season earned a spot in the first qualifying round of the 2025–26 UEFA Champions League, the second placed club earned a spot in the first qualifying round of the 2025–26 UEFA Europa League, the third placed club earned a spot in the second qualifying round and the fourth placed club in the first qualifying round of the 2025–26 UEFA Conference League.

FC Zimbru Chișinău
Fotbal Club Zimbru Chișinău, commonly known as Zimbru Chișinău or simply Zimbru, is a Moldovan professional football club based in Chișinău, which competes in the Liga, the highest tier of Moldovan football.

Founded in the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1947, Zimbru entered the Soviet Top League in 1956 and totaled eleven participations before their last relegation in 1983. The club remained the leader of Moldovan football during most of the Soviet period and was the only one that reached and played at the Soviet top tier. After the independence of Moldova in 1991, the team established itself as an early force in the country, winning all the first five national titles and eight of the first nine, but have not won since.

Zimbru play their home matches at the 10,104-seater Zimbru Stadium.
Niccolò Capocci
Niccolò Capocci (died 1368) was an Italian Cardinal.

He studied law at the University of Perugia; later, in 1362, he founded there the Collegium Gregorianum (later called the Sapienza vecchia).

He was proposed as bishop of Utrecht in 1341, but the appointment in a situation of conflict lasted only a year. He was in Spain as bishop of Urgel, 1348–1351.

He acted as papal legate in France, attempting to broker a peace with the English. In 1356 he was there with Hélie de Talleyrand-Périgord, just ahead of the battle of Poitiers. He quarreled with Talleyrand, later that year, and operated independently from Paris. He was in England in June 1357, back again with Talleyrand. By mid-1358 the legates and Pope Innocent VI had despaired of an effective treaty: the complete failure of the longest papal peacemaking mission of the fourteenth century.

Diocese of Utrecht (695–1580)
The historic Diocese of Utrecht was a diocese of the Latin Church (or Western) of the Catholic Church from 695 to 1580, and from 1559 archdiocese in the Low Countries before and during the Protestant Reformation.
Jean Senelle
Jean Senelle (1605–1671) was a French painter. He studied in the studios of Georges Lallemand and Simon Vouet. His style is similar to that of Laurent de La Hyre and Claude Vignon, showing the evolution of late Mannerism into baroque classicism. Most of his works are now in the musée Bossuet in Meaux, where he died.

Meaux
Meaux (French pronunciation: [mo] ⓘ) is a commune on the river Marne in the Seine-et-Marne department in the Île-de-France region in the metropolitan area of Paris, France. It is 41.1 km (25.5 mi) east-northeast of the centre of Paris.

Meaux is, with Provins, Torcy and Fontainebleau, one of the four subprefectures (sous-préfectures) of the department of Seine-et-Marne, Melun being the prefecture. In France a subprefecture is the chef-lieu (the seat or administrative capital) of an arrondissement: Meaux is the subprefecture of the arrondissement of Meaux. It is also the chef-lieu of a smaller administrative division: the canton of Meaux. Finally, since its creation in 2003, Meaux has been the centre and the main town of an agglomeration community, the Communauté d'agglomération du Pays de Meaux.
Thomas Butler (Australian politician)
Thomas John Butler (20 September 1875 – 8 July 1937) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Sheffield, Tasmania. In 1931 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Nationalist member for Darwin. He was defeated in 1934. Butler died in Hobart in 1937.

Nationalist Party (Australia)
The Nationalist Party, also known as the National Party, was an Australian political party. It was formed in February 1917 from a merger between the Liberal Party and the National Labor Party, the latter formed by Prime Minister Billy Hughes and his supporters after the 1916 Labor Party split over World War I conscription. The Nationalist Party was established as a 'united' non-Labor opposition that had remained a political trend once the Labor party established itself in federal politics. The party  was in government (from 1923 in coalition with the Country Party) until electoral defeat in 1929. From that time it was the main opposition to the Labor Party until it merged with pro-Joseph Lyons Labor defectors to form the United Australia Party (UAP) in 1931. The party is a direct ancestor of the Liberal Party of Australia, the main centre-right party in Australia.
Mum's the word
Mum's the word is a popular English idiom. It is related to an expression used by William Shakespeare, in Henry VI, Part 2.

The word "mum" is an alteration of momme, which was used between 1350 and 1400 in Middle English with very close to the same meaning, "be silent; do not reveal".

Idiom
An idiom is a phrase or expression that largely or exclusively carries a figurative or non-literal meaning, rather than making any literal sense.  Categorized as formulaic language, an idiomatic expression's meaning is different from the literal meanings of each word inside it.

Idioms occur frequently in all languages. In English alone there are an estimated twenty-five thousand idiomatic expressions. Some well known idioms in English are "spill the beans" (meaning "reveal secret information"), "it's raining cats and dogs" (meaning "it's raining intensely"), and "break a leg" (meaning "good luck").
2018 CMT Music Awards
The 2018 CMT Music Awards were held at Bridgestone Arena in Nashville, Tennessee on June 6, 2018. Little Big Town was the host for the show. The CMT Music Awards are a fan-voted awards show for country music videos and television performances; Voting takes place on CMT's website.

Bridgestone Arena
Bridgestone Arena (originally Nashville Arena, and formerly Gaylord Entertainment Center and Sommet Center) is a multi-purpose indoor arena in downtown Nashville, Tennessee, United States. Completed in 1996, it is the home of the Nashville Predators of the National Hockey League.
PA Research Foundation
The PA Research Foundation (PARF) is an Australian nonprofit organization that raises funds for lifesaving research to develop better diagnoses and treatments for some of Australia’s biggest health challenges.

The Foundation does not receive any financial support from the government and is funded solely through donations from corporate sponsors, community fundraising and groups, events, donations and bequests from individuals.

Therapy
A therapy or medical treatment is the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a medical diagnosis. Both words, treatment and therapy, are often abbreviated tx, Tx, or Tx.

As a rule, each therapy has indications and contraindications.  There are many different types of therapy.  Not all therapies are effective.  Many therapies can produce unwanted adverse effects.

Treatment and therapy are often synonymous, especially in the usage of health professionals. However,  in the context of mental health, the term therapy may refer specifically to psychotherapy.

A therapist is a person who offers any modality of therapy. Therapist refers to trained professionals engaged in providing services any kind of treatment or rehabilitation.
Soundboard (computer program)
A soundboard is a computer program, Web application, or device, formerly created in Adobe Flash, that catalogues and plays many audio clips. Soundboards are self-contained, requiring no outside media player. In recent years soundboards have been made available in the form of mobile apps available on iPhone App Store and Google Play. Since Adobe and web browser developers deprecated support for Flash, HTML5-based soundboards have gained popularity in recent years.

Adobe Flash
Adobe Flash (formerly Macromedia Flash and FutureSplash) is a mostly discontinued multimedia software platform used for production of animations, rich internet applications, desktop applications, mobile apps, mobile games, and embedded web browser video players.
József Galambos
József Galambos (27 July 1900 – 6 February 1980) was a Hungarian long-distance runner. He competed in the marathon at the 1928 Summer Olympics.

Galambos won the Košice Peace Marathon four times between 1927 and 1933.

Košice Peace Marathon
The Košice Peace Marathon (Slovak: Medzinárodný maratón mieru) is an annual road marathon held in Košice, Slovakia, since 1924.  It is the oldest continuously running in the world, having been run every year since 1941.  It is the oldest marathon in Europe and the third-oldest in the world (after the Boston Marathon, first held in 1897, and the Yonkers Marathon, first held in 1907).  However, Boston and Yonkers have been continuous only since 2021.  The marathon generally takes place each year on the first Sunday in October.  The course is relatively flat and consists of two loops, mostly within the city center.

The marathon is an AIMS-certified race.  It is also categorized as a Silver Label Road Race by World Athletics, and was certified as a 5-Star Quality Road Race by European Athletics Running for All in 2015.
Pelophryne signata
Pelophryne signata is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae.
It is found in Brunei, Malaysia, and possibly Indonesia.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests and freshwater marshes.
It is threatened by habitat loss.

Toad
Toad (also known as a hoptoad) is a common name for certain frogs, especially of the family Bufonidae, that are characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and large bumps covering the parotoid glands.

In popular culture (folk taxonomy), toads are distinguished from frogs by their drier, rougher skin and association with more terrestrial habitats. However, this distinction does not align precisely with scientific taxonomy.
Deb Shaughnessy
Deb Shaughnessy (born December 19, 1960) is a former Republican member of the Michigan House of Representatives and mayor of Charlotte.

An alumna of Lansing Community College, Shaughnessy worked for the Michigan Department of Treasury and several legislators, including House Speaker Paul Hillegonds and Senate Majority Leader Dick Posthumus. She was elected to the Charlotte city council in 2001, and served as mayor from 2005 through 2009. She had also been a newspaper writer.

After defeating her for election in 2010, Shaughnessy lost her bid for re-election to Theresa Abed in 2012.

Michigan State Treasurer
The state treasurer of Michigan functions as the chief financial officer for the U.S. state of Michigan. The state treasurer oversees the collection, investment, and disbursement of all state monies, and also administers major tax laws, safeguards the credit of the state, and distributes revenue sharing monies to local units of government.  It is an unelected office within the executive branch.

The current state treasurer is Rachael A. Eubanks, who was appointed by Governor Gretchen Whitmer in January 2019.
2016 Båstad Challenger
The 2016 Båstad Challenger is a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It is the first edition of the tournament which is part of the 2016 ATP Challenger Tour. It will take place in Båstad, Sweden between 4 and 10 July 2016.

Båstad
Båstad (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈbôːsta(d)]) is a locality and the seat of Båstad Municipality, Scania County, Sweden, with approximately 5,000 permanent residents. It is however one of Sweden's most typical summer resorts. The population is presumably more than twice as large between April and September, and even larger during July. Its municipality follows a similar pattern: some 15,000 permanent residents, but more than 30,000 during July. Some villages within the municipality are almost empty during the winter, but have more than 2,000 "summer guests" during July. Torekov is a good example of this.

Within Sweden, Båstad is well known for tennis. The largest centre court in Sweden is located in the town's centre, and can take more than 5,000 attendants. Several top national players, such as Björn Borg, Mats Wilander and Stefan Edberg, have played tennis in Båstad.
Christine Finn
Christine L. T. Finn (1929 – 5 December 2007) was an English actress, known primarily for her role in the 1950s TV serial Quatermass and the Pit, and, after that, her voice work for the 1960s Thunderbirds television series. She also performed in film, radio and theatre in a career that started in the 1940s and lasted until the mid-1970s.

Peter Tuddenham
Peter Tuddenham (27 November 1918 – 9 July 2007) was a British actor. He was well known for his voice work, which included the voices of the computers in the BBC science fiction series Blake's 7 (1978–1981).
Keats-Shelley Prize for Poetry
The Keats-Shelley Prize was inaugurated in 1998 (1998) by the Keats-Shelley Memorial Association. Its purpose is to encourage people of all ages to respond personally to the emotions aroused in them by the work of the Romantics, through rising to the challenge of writing their own poem or essay. 
Distinguished judges of the Prize have included Andrew Motion, Claire Tomalin, Tom Paulin, Grevel Lindop, Miranda Seymour, the late Lord Gilmour, James Fenton, Stephen Fry, Jonathan Keates, A.N.Wilson, Ann Wroe, Janet Todd, Jack Mapanje, Dame Penelope Lively, Colin Thubron and Salley Vickers.

Salley Vickers
Salley Vickers (born 1948) is a British novelist whose works include Miss Garnet's Angel, Mr. Golightly's Holiday, The Other Side of You and Where Three Roads Meet, a retelling of the Oedipus myth to Sigmund Freud in the last months of his life. She also writes poetry.
Ingrid Baeyens
Ingrid M. Baeyens (8 January 1956 in Ramsel, Belgium) is a Belgian mountaineer and physical therapist. She became the first woman to summit the South Face of Annapurna in 1991, and the first Belgian woman to summit Mount Everest in 1992.

Makalu
Makalu (Nepali: मकालु हिमाल, romanized: Makālu himāl; Chinese: 马卡鲁峰; pinyin: Mǎkǎlǔ Fēng) is the fifth-highest mountain on Earth, with a summit at an elevation of 8,485 metres (27,838 ft) AMSL. It is located in the Mahalangur Himalayas 19 km (12 mi) southeast of Mount Everest, on the China–Nepal border. One of the eight-thousanders, Makalu is an isolated peak shaped like a four-sided pyramid.

Makalu has two notable subsidiary peaks. Kangchungtse, or Makalu II (7,678 m (25,190 ft)), lies about three kilometres (two miles) north-northwest of the main summit. Rising about 5 km (3 mi) north-northeast of the main summit across a broad plateau, and connected to Kangchungtse by a narrow, 7,200 m (23,600 ft) saddle, is Chomo Lonzo (7,804 m (25,604 ft)).
Geodatabase (Esri)
A Geodatabase is a proprietary GIS file format developed in the late 1990s by Esri (a GIS software vendor) to represent, store, and organize spatial datasets within a geographic information system. A geodatabase is both a logical data model and the physical implementation of that logical model in several proprietary file formats released during the 2000s. The geodatabase design is based on the spatial database model for storing spatial data in relational and object-relational databases. Given the dominance of Esri in the GIS industry, the term "geodatabase" is used by some as a generic trademark for any spatial database, regardless of platform or design.

Logical schema
A logical data model or logical schema is a data model of a specific problem domain expressed independently of a particular database management product or storage technology (physical data model) but in terms of data structures such as relational tables and columns, object-oriented classes, or XML tags. This is as opposed to a conceptual data model, which describes the semantics of an organization without reference to technology.