hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Retroinguinal space
The retroinguinal space (or Bogros' space) is the extraperitoneal space situated deep to the inguinal ligament. It's limited by the fascia transversalis anteriorly, the peritoneum posteriorly and the iliac fascia laterally. This preperitoneal space communicates with prevesical space of Retzius.  
It is divided into two compartments. The medial compartment contains vasculature including the femoral artery and vein. The lateral compartment allows for passage of the iliopsoas (primary hip flexor), allowing attachment to the femur, along with the femoral nerve.

Inguinal ligament
The inguinal ligament (/ˈɪŋɡwɪnəl/), also known as Poupart's ligament or groin ligament, is a band running from the pubic tubercle to the anterior superior iliac spine. It forms the base of the inguinal canal through which an indirect inguinal hernia may develop. Additionally, the term "pubic ligament" is colloquially used to refer to the inguinal ligament.
Počitelj, Gospić
Počitelj is a village in the Gospić municipality in the Lika region of central Croatia, Lika-Senj County. It is located near Gospić, connected by the D25 highway. The 2011 census registered 4 residents.

D25 road (Croatia)
D50 state road, located mainly in Lika region of Croatia connecting cities and towns of Korenica, Gospić and Karlobag, to the state road network of Croatia, and most notably to D1 and D8 state roads and the A1 motorway Gospić interchange (via D534 state road). The road is 83.6 km (51.9 mi) long. The route comprises a significant number of urban intersections, in segment of the road running through Gospić.

The D25 and D50 state roads are concurrent in a segment between Lički Osik and Gospić.

The road, as well as all other state roads in Croatia, is managed and maintained by Hrvatske ceste, a state-owned company.
Dobravac
Dobravac (Serbian Cyrillic: Добравац; fl. 1280) or Dobravec (Добравец) was a Serbian nobleman serving in the crown land of Hum, with the title of tepčija. He is mentioned in a document dated 1280 as serving the countess of Hum (Moysa serviens Dobraveçi tepçi domine comitisse de Chelmo). He had a clerk or assistant, Mojše, who sold two of his bondmaids in Ragusa (Dubrovnik) that year. Although Dobravac's jurisdiction is unknown from the quotation, he was not a veliki tepčija (serving the king directly); his office was limited to the Hum land, but his type of work was the same as that of the veliki tepčija. The tepčija had executive authorities; his otroci (sing. otrok), were servants, lesser in rank but not slaves.

Zachlumia
Zachlumia or Zachumlia (Serbo-Croatian: Zahumlje / Захумље, pronounced [zǎxuːmʎe]), also Hum, was a medieval principality located in the modern-day regions of Herzegovina and southern Dalmatia (today parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia, respectively). In some periods it was a fully independent or semi-independent South Slavic principality. It maintained relations with various foreign and neighbouring powers (Byzantine Empire, First Bulgarian Empire, Kingdom of Croatia, Principality of Serbia) and later was subjected (temporarily or for a longer period) to Kingdom of Hungary, Kingdom of Serbia, Kingdom of Bosnia, and at the end to the Ottoman Empire.
Attambelos V
Attambelos V of Characene was a ruler of the state of Characene who ruled from 64/65–73/74 but who is known only from the coins he minted.

Attambelos was a first century ruler if not outright king, of the state of Characene, centered on the northern end of the Persian Gulf. His capital was probably Charax.

He ruled from 64 to 73 and was the successor of Attambelos IV, but his rule is known only from coins he minted. The king list of Characene is a modern construct and given the known scarcity of records could well be inaccurate.

Mint (facility)
A mint is an industrial facility which manufactures coins that can be used as currency.

The history of mints correlates closely with the history of coins. In the beginning, hammered coinage or cast coinage were the chief means of coin minting, with resulting production runs numbering as little as the hundreds or thousands. In modern mints, coin dies are manufactured in large numbers and planchets are made into milled coins by the billions.

With the mass production of currency, the production cost is weighed when minting coins. For example, it costs the United States Mint much less than 25 cents to make a quarter (a 25 cent coin), and the difference in production cost and face value (called seigniorage) helps fund the minting body. Conversely, a U.S. penny ($0.01) cost $0.015 to make in 2016.
Cynthia Breazeal
Cynthia Breazeal is an American AI and robotics scientist and entrepreneur. She is a pioneer of social robotics and human-robot interaction. She is the former chief scientist and chief experience officer of Jibo, a company she co-founded in 2012 that developed companion robots for the family at home. Currently, she is a professor of media arts and sciences at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where she is the director of the Personal Robots Group at the MIT Media Lab, dean for digital learning at MIT Open Learning, and director of the MIT RAISE Initiative. Her work has explored the theme of living everyday life in the presence of AI and, in recent years, has been a leader in AI literacy for youth.

Chief experience officer
A chief experience officer (CXO) is an executive responsible for the overall experience of an organization's products and services. As user experience (UX) is quickly becoming a key differentiator in the modern business landscape, the CXO is charged with bringing holistic experience design to the boardroom and making it an intrinsic part of the company's strategy and culture.
Piancastelli
Piancastelli is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Erika Piancastelli (born 1996), Italian–American softball player

Giovanni Piancastelli (1845–1926), Italian painter

Márcio Piancastelli (1936–2015), Brazilian-Italian Automobile designer

Mariangela Piancastelli (born 1953), Italian basketball player

Maria Novella Piancastelli, Italian physicist

Romano Piancastelli (born 1940), Italian cyclist

Márcio Piancastelli
Márcio Lima Piancastelli (September 7, 1936 – June 18, 2015) was a Brazilian automobile designer known for his work at Volkswagen do Brasil, where he designed the Volkswagen SP2 and Volkswagen Brasília.
Germany at the 2006–2008 European Nations Cup
Germany at the 2006–2008 European Nations Cup was the first time since 1981 that the German national rugby union team reached highest level of FIRA rugby, the European Nations Cup, by winning its group, the Division 2A in 2006–2008.

Germany played eight competition games and three friendlies in its campaign. It won six of its eight competitive games, including all four home games, and all three friendlies. It played Switzerland twice, to contest the newly created Alpencup, which remained with Germany on both occasions.

With over 8,000 spectators, Germany's home game against the Netherlands in Hanover, at the Rudolf-Kalweit-Stadion,  achieved the best crowd figures for a rugby match in Germany since the pre-Second World War days.

Germany went into its campaign unbeaten at home, having last lost on 12 November 2000, to Ukraine. It maintained this record, which  was only broken early in its next campaign, on 8 November 2008, when it lost to a Welsh XV.

Germany national rugby union team
The Germany national rugby union team currently plays at the second level of European rugby but is yet to qualify for the Rugby World Cup. The national team first played in 1927, with rugby union in Germany being administered by the German Rugby Federation (Deutscher Rugby-Verband).

Germany competes in the Trophy Division, the second tier of the Rugby Europe International Championships, the senior men's rugby tournament for European nations below the Six Nations.

Germany's greatest achievement in men's rugby is arguably the silver medal won at the 1900 Olympic Games.

Germany's declared aim was originally to qualify for the 2015 Rugby World Cup in England, but then lowered this ambition to the 2019 Rugby World Cup in Japan, for which it also failed to qualify. The national side is ranked 30th in the world (as of 26 April 2021).
Dushman (1998 film)
Dushman (translation: Enemy) is a 1998 Indian Hindi-language psychological thriller film directed by Tanuja Chandra starring Kajol, Sanjay Dutt, and Ashutosh Rana. The film is a remake of Hollywood film Eye for an Eye.

At the 44th Filmfare Awards, Dushman won Best Villain (Rana), in addition to a nomination for Best Supporting Actress (Tanvi Azmi). Moreover, Kajol also received a Best Actress nomination at the ceremony for her performance in the film, but instead won the award for her performance in Kuch Kuch Hota Hai.

Indian English
Indian English (IndE, IE) or English (India) is a group of English dialects spoken in the Republic of India and among the Indian diaspora and is native to India. English is one of the two languages used by the Government of India for communication, and is enshrined in the Constitution of India. English is also an official language in eight states and seven union territories of India, and the additional official language in five other states and one union territory. India has one of the world’s largest English-speaking communities. Furthermore, English is the sole official language of the Judiciary of India, unless the state governor or legislature mandates the use of a regional language, or if the President of India has given approval for the use of regional languages in courts.

Before the dissolution of the British Empire on the Indian subcontinent, the term Indian English broadly referred to South Asian English, also known as British Indian English.
Plange
Plange is a German surname primarily associated with the town of Soest. Acting Director-General of the Dutch Gold Coast Pieter Woortman, who was born in Soest, named the children he had with the Fante woman Afodua with his mother's maiden name, Plange. Their offspring became an important Gold Coast Euro-African family. Descendants of Pieter Woortman and Afodua include:

Sarah Adoley Plange (1913-1995), Daughter of J P Plange.

David Plange (born 1965), English rugby league player

Luke Plange (born 2002), English football player

Manyo Plange (born 1988), Ghanaian boxer

Nii Plange (born 1989), Burkinabè football player

Mimi Plange, Ghanaian fashion designer

Manyo Plange
Jesse Manyo Plange (born January 18, 1988) is a Ghanaian boxer who won silver at the 2007 All-Africa Games and qualified for the 2008 Summer Olympics.

At the 2006 Commonwealth Games, he lost in the second round to a Welshman. At the 2007 All-Africa Games, he lost the final to Suleiman Bilali. At the World Championships he was defeated by Chinese Yang Bo. In the Olympic qualification he defeated Thomas Essomba, then lost to Namibian Japhet Uutoni, and finally won against Algerian Hamoud Boubraouet to gain the third and final qualifying spot. In Beijing at the Olympics he upset Harry Tanamor in his first match but lost to Paulo Carvalho.
Diamondback Airboats
Diamondback Airboats is an airboat manufacturer in Cocoa, Florida. The company was established in 1989. Diamondback assembled engines for the world's largest airboat in 1994 for use on the Congo River and shipped more than 24 twin engine airboats to Russia for oil exploration in the Caspian Sea. Their airboats are used by a guide service in the Everglades as well as by a guide service on Lake Erie.

Some of their boats have custom graphics. Noise complaints have been an issue for the company and industry.

Cocoa, Florida
Cocoa is a city in Brevard County, Florida, United States. Its population was 19,041 at the 2020 United States census, up from 17,140 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.
York Mansions
York Mansions is one of the seven Victorian blocks of flats on Prince of Wales Drive, London, between Albert Bridge Road and Queenstown Road, in Battersea, in the London borough of Wandsworth. The four-storey building is portered.

Battersea
Battersea is a large district in southwest London, part of the London Borough of Wandsworth, England. It is centred 3.5 miles (5.6 km) southwest of Charing Cross and also extends along the south bank of the Thames Tideway. It includes the 200-acre (0.81 km2) Battersea Park.
Star Trek uniforms
Star Trek uniforms are costumes worn by actors portraying personnel of a fictitious Starfleet in various television series and films in the Star Trek science fiction franchise. During the various series, the costume design has often changed to represent different time periods and for reasons of appearance and comfort. Sometimes different styles were deliberately mixed to enhance the sense of time travel or alternative universes.

Court Martial (Star Trek: The Original Series)
"Court Martial" is the twentieth episode of the first season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek. It was written by Don M. Mankiewicz and Steven W. Carabatsos, directed by Marc Daniels, and first aired on February 2, 1967.

In the episode, Captain Kirk stands trial on charges of criminal negligence after jettisoning an occupied research pod during an emergency.
Impossible Music Festival
The Impossible Music Festival was a recurring event broadcast on Australia's Triple J radio station over 55-hour periods in 2005, 2006, 2007 and 2008. Each event comprised 55 live music recordings from Triple J's music archives. The first went to air over 26–29 August 2005, to celebrate the 30 years worth of live music recorded by Triple J. The second was broadcast over 6–9 October 2006. The third was aired over 25–27 May 2007. The fourth and most recent was aired across 19–21 September 2008.

The lineup was selected by Triple J listeners voting for over 1000 live recordings made by Triple J. The recordings included music from festivals, concerts, smaller pub gigs, bands playing live in the studio, and some special events where listeners were able to win tickets to see the band for free in a secret location.

Fenella Kernebone
Fenella Kernebone (born 8 June 1976) is an Australian radio and television presenter, MC and interviewer, based in Sydney, with a long record working across the arts, film, music, design, architecture and culture. Her most recent hosting roles include the presenter of By Design on Radio National and The Sound Lab on Triple J. In June 2016, she was appointed Head of Curation for TEDxSydney.
K50 Waterfall
14°31′10″N 108°36′22″E﻿ / ﻿14.51944°N 108.60611°E﻿ / 14.51944; 108.60611

The K50 Waterfall (Thác K50; also known as Hang Én Waterfall, thác Hang Én) is a waterfall in Kon Chu Rang Nature Reserve in Sơn Lang commune, K'Bang district, Gia Lai province, in Vietnam's Central Highlands. It lies in the upper drainage basin of the Côn River and is about 150 km (93 mi) by road from Pleiku.

Pleiku
Pleiku is a former city in central Vietnam, located in the Central Highlands region. It was the capital of the Gia Lai Province. Many years ago, it was inhabited primarily by the Bahnar and Jarai ethnic groups, sometimes known as the Montagnards or Degar, although now it is inhabited primarily by the Kinh ethnic group. The city is the centre of the urban district of Pleiku which covers an area of 260.77 km² (100 mi²).

As of 2024, the city has a population of around 331.178 people.

On 1 July 2025, Pleiku ceased to exist as a municipal city due to the elimination of district-level units in Vietnam elimination of district level units, and its territory was reorganized into five wards and two communes directly under Gia Lai Province.
Gule tribe
Gule is a tribe of the Shilluk people in  Sudan in between the Blue and White Nile. The primary language is Sudanese Arabic after their native language, Gule, went extinct.

They claim direct relation to the Funj Sultanate.

Gule language
Gule, also known as Anej, Fecakomodiyo, and Hamej, is an extinct language of Sudan. Although it has been classified as one of the Koman languages, Zamponi (2025) unambiguously identifies Gule as a language isolate. It is poorly attested, and Hammarström judges the evidence to be insufficient for classification as Koman. Others however accept it as Koman, though too poorly attested to be much help in reconstructing that family.

The language was spoken by the inhabitants of Jebel Gule in Blue Nile State, Sudan. Speakers had shifted to Arabic by the late 20th century.
Kurupukari
Fairview (Kurupukari) is an indigenous settlement on the Essequibo River, in the Upper Demerara-Berbice region of Guyana. It is the entry point to the Iwokrama Forest. Former president David A. Granger once referred to Iwokrama as the "green heart of Guyana."

The demographics of the village include mostly Arawak, Macushi, Wapishana and more recently, Patamona people.

The Linden-Lethem Road crosses the river here by a ferry. Fairview on the west side of the Essequibo River, has an unpaved airstrip, as well as a public health post, a primary and nursery school.

Patamona people
The Patamona are an Amerindian people native to the Pakaraima Mountains of Guyana and northern Brazil. They speak a Cariban language, Kapóng, and have often been referred to interchangeably as Akawaio or Ingariko. Patamona are considered a sub-group of Kapon people.

There are about 5,000 living members of this and closely related ethnic groups in Guyana. A 1990 population estimate for Guyana was 5500. According to FUNASA, Brazil had 120 Patamona in 2010. They were recognized as a distinct ethnic group in Brazil since 2005.: 19
Nikiforov
Nikiforov (Russian: Никифоров) is a Russian masculine surname, its feminine counterpart is Nikiforova. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksey Nikiforov (born 1957), Lithuanian ice hockey player

Galin Nikiforov (born 1968), Bulgarian writer

Maria Nikiforova (1885–1919), Ukrainian partisan leader

Nikolay Nikiforov (born 1982), Russian politician

Oleksandr Nikiforov (born 1967), Ukrainian football player

Pyotr Nikiforov (1882–1974), Russian revolutionary

Viktor Nikiforov (1931–1989), Soviet ice hockey player

Vladislav Nikiforov (born 1989), Russian football player

Vyacheslav Nikiforov (born 1966), Russian football player

Yevgeny Nikiforov (born 1970), Russian General

Yuriy Nikiforov (born 1970), Ukrainian-Russian football coach and a former player

Aleksey Nikiforov
Aleksey Nikiforov (born 27 April 1957) is a Lithuanian ice hockey coach and former player for Dinamo Riga. He is the father of Quad City Storm winger Vladimir Nikiforov. He resides on Long Island and coaches in Hauppauge, New York.
N1 (TV channel)
N1 is a 24-hour cable news channel launched on 30 October 2014. The channel has headquarters in Ljubljana, Zagreb, Belgrade and Sarajevo and covers events happening in Central and Southeastern Europe. Available on cable TV throughout former Yugoslavia, N1 is CNN International's local broadcast partner and affiliate via an agreement with the London-based Warner Bros. Discovery EMEA. As it is focused on the audiences of the three countries in which it is headquartered, it has three separate editorial policies, separate reporters, TV studios as well as internet and mobile platforms. In cases where news overlaps, it is presented jointly.

Warner Bros. Discovery EMEA
Warner Bros. Discovery Europe, Middle East & Africa (EMEA) is a division of Warner Bros. Discovery. The division is responsible for managing the collection of their cable and satellite networks around the Europe, Middle East and Africa regions.
Svyatoslav III Igorevich
Sviatoslav III Igorevich (1176 – September 1211) was an Olgovichi prince.
In October, 1188 he married Yaroslava Rurikovna, a daughter of prince Rurik Rostislavich of Belgorod by his wife Anna Yurevna of Turov.

Agafia of Rus (after 1188 - after 31 August 1247), wife of Konrad I of Masovia.

Rurik Rostislavich
Rurik Rostislavich (also spelled Riurik; c. 1140 – 19 April 1212) was Prince of Novgorod (1170–1171), Belgorod (1173–1194), Grand Prince of Kiev (1173; 1180–1181; 1194–1201; 1203–1204; 1205-1206; 1207–1210), and Prince of Chernigov (1210–1212).
Henry Dama Phoya
Henry Dama Phoya is a former Member of Parliament for Malawi's Blantyre Rural East, Minister of Lands and Housing and Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Malawi.

He was kicked out of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) after opposing the "Injunctions Bill", which he said was a bad piece of legislation that would remove human rights and not protect the people. Phoya was also the chairperson for the National Assembly's Legal Affairs Committee (LAC); a post that went to Goodall Gondwe in August 2011.

He lost his seat in January 2014.

National Assembly (Malawi)
The National Assembly of Malawi is the supreme legislative body of the nation. It is situated on Capital Hill, Lilongwe along Presidential Way. The National Assembly alone possesses legislative supremacy and thereby ultimate power over all other political bodies in Malawi. At its head is the Speaker of the House who is elected by their peers. Since October 29, 2025, the Speaker is Sameer Suleman.

The 1994 Constitution provided for a Senate, but Parliament repealed it. Malawi therefore has a unicameral legislature in practice. The National Assembly has 229 members of Parliament (MPs) who are directly elected in single-member constituencies using the simple majority (or first-past-the-post) system and serve five-year terms.
Duji Circuit
Duji (Chinese: 都畿道; pinyin: Dūjī Dào) was a circuit of the Chinese Táng Empire. It was established by Emperor Xuánzōng and covered today's Luòyáng (then Dōngdū / Henan Prefecture [Hénán Fǔ]) and the area around it. Duji Circuit was succeeded by the Song dynasty's Jingxibei Circuit (Jīngxīběi Dào). It contained three prefectures: Dōngdū (東都), Luòzhōu (洛州), and Rǔzhōu (汝州).

Henan Prefecture
Henanfu or Henan Prefecture, also known as Luoyang, was a fu (superior prefecture) in imperial China in modern Henan, China, centering on modern Luoyang. It existed (intermittently) from 713 to 1913. During the Later Tang dynasty (923–937) it was the national capital. For most of the Tang dynasty (before 907) it was known as the "Eastern Capital" (東都), and during the Northern Song dynasty (960–1127) it was known as the "Western Capital" (西京). From 1127 to 1234 the Jurchen conquerors named it Jinchang Prefecture (金昌府), also known as "Central Capital" (中京). For these reasons, Henan Prefecture was also colloquially called Luojing (洛京, "Luo Capital").

The modern province Henan retains its name.
Margaret Commodore
Margaret Muriel Commodore (or Margaret Joe; born 1932) is a Canadian politician. She represented the electoral district of Whitehorse North Centre in the Yukon Legislative Assembly from 1982 to 1992, and Whitehorse Centre from 1992 to 1996. She was a member of the Yukon New Democratic Party.

Under the Tony Penikett governments, she was Minister of Health and Human Resources from 1986 to 1989 and the first Aboriginal Minister of Justice in Canada from 1989 to 1992. She was also the first-ever First Nations woman to ever be named to a cabinet in Canada in 1985.

Commodore is a member of the Sto:lo Nation. In 2013 she testified regarding her abuse at the hands of the residential school system at the Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada.

Whitehorse Centre
Whitehorse Centre is a territorial electoral district of Yukon that has been represented in the Yukon Legislative Assembly since 1992.

The riding was created in 1992 from an amalgamation of the ridings of Whitehorse North Centre and Whitehorse South Centre. It underwent moderate boundary changes in 2002 following the dissolution of its neighboring riding of Riverside.

The district is considered a safe New Democratic seat; the party has won 9 of the last 10 elections since its creation.