hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Regina Sullivan
Regina Sullivan is an American developmental behavioral neuroscientist, a professor of child and adolescent psychiatry at the New York University School of Medicine and senior research scientist in the Emotional Brain Institute at The Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research.

Child and adolescent psychiatry
Child and adolescent psychiatry (or pediatric psychiatry) is a branch of psychiatry that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental disorders in children, adolescents, and their families. It investigates the biopsychosocial factors that influence the development and course of psychiatric disorders and treatment responses to various interventions. Child and adolescent psychiatrists primarily use psychotherapy and/or medication to treat mental disorders in the pediatric population.
Bamingui
Bamingui  is a town and sub-prefecture in the Bamingui-Bangoran Prefecture in the northern Central African Republic. It lies on the south bank of the Chari River (Bamingui River) along National Route 8, 529 kilometres (329 mi) by road northeast of the capital of Bangui. As of 2003 it had a population of 6230 people.

Chari River
The Chari River, or Shari River, is a 1,400 kilometres (870 mi) long river, flowing in Central Africa. It is the main source of water of Lake Chad, which is located at the junction of four countries: Nigeria, Niger, Chad, and Cameroon.
Outline of the C++ programming language
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to C++:

C++ is a statically typed, free-form, multi-paradigm, compiled, general-purpose programming language. It is regarded as an intermediate-level language, as it comprises a combination of both high-level and low-level language features. It was developed by Bjarne Stroustrup starting in 1979 at Bell Labs as an enhancement to the C language.

Low-level programming language
A low-level programming language is a programming language that provides little or no abstraction from a computer's instruction set architecture, memory or underlying physical hardware; commands or functions in the language are structurally similar to a processor's instructions. These languages provide the programmer with full control over program memory and the underlying machine code instructions. Because of the low level of abstraction (hence the term "low-level") between the language and machine language, low-level languages are sometimes described as being "close to the hardware".
YKI test
YKI (Finnish: Yleinen Kielitutkinto, Swedish: Allmän språkexamen, English: National Certificate of Language Proficiency) is a  certification in the Finnish, Swedish and Northern Sámi languages issued by the University of Jyväskylä and sanctioned by the Finnish Ministry of Education, following a standardized exam comprising oral and written parts that match the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) requirements and proficiency levels.

The YKI certification divides linguistic proficiency into three broad levels: upper, middle, and lower. These can be further divided into six levels that match the CEFR classification system.

Foreigners must pass the middle level certification in Finnish or Swedish (levels 3 or 4) to qualify for Finnish citizenship.

Finnish nationality law
Finnish nationality law details the conditions by which an individual is a national of Finland. The primary law governing these requirements is the Nationality Act, which came into force on 1 June 2003. Finland is a member state of the European Union (EU) and all Finnish nationals are EU citizens. They are entitled to free movement rights in EU and European Free Trade Association (EFTA) countries and may vote in elections to the European Parliament.

Any person born to a married Finnish parent is typically a Finnish national at birth, regardless of the place of birth. Children of unmarried couples in which only the father is Finnish must be legitimised for them to acquire Finnish nationality. Foreign nationals may naturalise after meeting a minimum residence requirement (usually eight years) and demonstrating proficiency in Finnish, Swedish, Finnish Sign Language, or Finland-Swedish Sign Language.
2019 Tour de France, Stage 12 to Stage 21
The 2019 Tour de France was the 106th edition of Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Brussels, Belgium, with a flat stage on 6 July, and Stage 12 occurred on 18 July with a mountainous stage from Toulouse. The race finished on the Champs-Élysées in Paris on 28 July.

Tim Wellens
Tim Wellens (born 10 May 1991) is a Belgian professional road cyclist, who rides for UCI WorldTeam UAE Team Emirates XRG.

Since turning professional in 2012, and coming from a family of professional cyclists, Wellens has taken almost forty professional victories including a record four overall victories (2014, 2015, 2023, 2024) – as well as four stage wins – in the Benelux Tour. Further to this, Wellens has taken UCI World Tour victories at the 2015 Grand Prix Cycliste de Montréal, the 2016 Tour de Pologne and the 2017 Tour of Guangxi. He has also won five Grand Tour stages – one each at the 2016 Giro d'Italia and the 2018 Giro d'Italia, two at the 2020 Vuelta a España, and one at the 2025 Tour de France – and the Belgian National Time Trial Championships in 2024.
Toronto Eaton's
The Toronto Eaton's (or Eatons), of the Eaton Athletic Association, were an amateur ice hockey team from Toronto, Ontario, playing in the Ontario Hockey Association (OHA). The team got its name from the Canadian department store chain founded by Timothy Eaton that was once the largest in the country.

The Toronto Eaton's had its short-lived heyday in the early 1910s, when it was spearheaded by future Hockey Hall of Fame inductee Frank Rankin and won back-to-back OHA championships in 1910–11 and 1911–12. The team also challenged for the 1912 Allan Cup, as amateur champions of Canada, but lost to the Winnipeg Victorias.

Ontario Hockey Association
The Ontario Hockey Association (OHA) is the governing body for the majority of junior and senior level ice hockey teams in the province of Ontario. Founded in 1890, the OHA is sanctioned by the Ontario Hockey Federation along with the Northern Ontario Hockey Association. Other Ontario sanctioning bodies along with the OHF include the Hockey Eastern Ontario and Hockey Northwestern Ontario. The OHA controls three tiers of junior hockey; the "Tier 2 Junior "A", Junior "B" , Junior "C", and one senior hockey league, Allan Cup Hockey.

In 1980, the Ontario Major Junior Hockey League vacated what was known as Tier I Junior "A" hockey.  The league is now known as the Ontario Hockey League.  Although it is not a charter member of the OHA, the OHL is affiliated with the OHA and Ontario Hockey Federation.
Grigoriopol District
Grigoriopol District (Romanian: Raionul Grigoriopol; Russian: Григориопольский район; Ukrainian: Григоріопольський район) is an administrative district of Transnistria (de facto) in Moldova (de jure). It is located along the river Dniester, in the center of Transnsitria. Its seat is the city of Grigoriopol, located at 47°8′N 29°18′E﻿ / ﻿47.133°N 29.300°E﻿ / 47.133; 29.300, on the Dniester river. The district contains two cities/towns and 14 communes (a total of 31 localities, including small villages/hamlets):

According to the 2004 Census in Transnistria, the population of the sub-district is 48,000, including 31,085 (64.76%) Moldovans, 7,332 (15.28%) Ukrainians, 8,333 (17.36%) Russians, 123 (0.26%) Gagauzians, 240 (0.50%) Bulgarians, 13 (0.03%) Roma, 26 (0.05%) Jews, 100 (0.21%) Poles, 187 (0.39%) Belarusians, 327 (0.68%) Germans, 62 (0.13%) Armenians, and 139 (0.29%) others and non-declared.

Gagauz people
The Gagauz (/ɡəˈɡɔːz/; Gagauz: Gagauzlar) are an Oghuz Turkic ethnic group native to southern Moldova (Gagauzia, Taraclia District, Basarabeasca District) and southwestern Ukraine (Budjak). Gagauz are mostly Eastern Orthodox Christians. The term Gagauz is also often used as a collective naming of Turkic people living in the Balkans, speaking the Gagauz language, which is separate from Balkan Gagauz Turkish.
Harold Deters
Harold Lee Deters (born January 16, 1944) is an American former professional football player who was a placekicker for the Dallas Cowboys of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the NC State Wolfpack.

NC State Wolfpack football
The NC State Wolfpack football team represents North Carolina State University in the sport of American football. The Wolfpack competes in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). Prior to joining the ACC in 1953, the Wolfpack were a member of the Southern Conference. As a founding member of the ACC, the Wolfpack has won seven conference championships and participated in 34 bowl games, of which the team has won 17. NC State is coached by Dave Doeren.

Since 1966, the Wolfpack has played its home games at Carter–Finley Stadium, the largest college football stadium in North Carolina. On September 16, 2010, NC State restored the tradition of having a live mascot on the field.  A wolf-like Tamaskan Dog named
"Tuffy" was on the sidelines for the Cincinnati game that day in Raleigh and Tuffy has not missed a Wolfpack football game in Carter–Finley Stadium since.
Kale borroka
Kale borroka (Basque pronunciation: [kale boroka], "Street Fighting") refers to urban guerrilla actions carried out by Basque nationalists in the Basque Country and Navarre who are integrated into the abertzale left. Along with ETA, the kale borroka was the only remaining armed faction of Basque nationalists in the Basque Conflict.

Their most common actions included: attacking offices of political parties, especially the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party and People's Party, but also other parties such as Basque Nationalist Party and Navarrese People's Union; attacking the property of people linked to these groups (burning cars, attacking housing); attacking and destroying ATMs, bank offices, public transport; and rioting using molotov cocktails, burning trash containers and even private vehicles in demonstrations, etc.

During ETA's ceasefire from March 2006 to 2007, the kale borroka did not cease to act, but its activities have been decreasing since it peaked in the mid-1990s.

Navarrese People's Union
The Navarrese People's Union (Spanish: Unión del Pueblo Navarro; Basque: Nafar Herriaren Batasuna), abbreviated to UPN, is a regional conservative political party in Navarre, Spain. Until 2008, it was a fraternal party of the People's Party (PP), acting as the latter's Navarrese branch.

UPN is a strong opponent of Basque nationalism, and supports a Spanish regional identity for Navarre with a marginal Basque component and separate from the Basque Country. The party's regionalist tradition dates back to the nineteenth century, in which the Spanish nation is seen to be based on 'regional liberties'.

During the 1991–2008 period, UPN acted as the Navarrese branch of the PP, which, in return, did not run at Navarrese elections as a part of their agreement. Since 1991, UPN has been the largest party in elections for the regional Parliament of Navarre and was the ruling party of the Autonomous Community from 1996 to 2015.
Mujahideen Brigades
Mujahideen Brigades (Arabic: كتائب المجاهدين, romanized: Kataeb al-Mujahideen) is an armed wing of the Palestinian Mujahideen Movement (Arabic: حركة المجاهدين الفلسطينية, romanized: Harakat al-Mujāhidīn al-Filastīnīa). The brigades operate in the Occupied Palestinian territories of the Gaza Strip and The West Bank, including Jenin.

The Mujahideen Brigades operate independently of Hamas but collaborates closely with militants from Palestinian Islamic Jihad's armed wing, Saraya Al Quds.

Jenin
32°27′40″N 35°18′00″E﻿ / ﻿32.46111°N 35.30000°E﻿ / 32.46111; 35.30000

Jenin (/ʒɪˈniːn/ zhin-EEN; Arabic: جنين, romanized: Jinīn, locally pronounced [ʒɪˈniːn] ⓘ) is a city in the West Bank, Palestine, and is the capital of the Jenin Governorate. It is a hub for the surrounding towns. Jenin came under Israeli occupation in 1967, and was put under the administration of the Palestinian National Authority as Area A of the West Bank, a Palestinian enclave, in 1995.

The city had a population of approximately 50,000 people in 2017, whilst the Jenin refugee camp had a population of about 10,000, housing families of Palestinians who fled or were expelled from their homes during the 1948 Palestine War. The camp has since become a stronghold of Palestinian militants, being the location of several incidents relating to the Israeli–Palestinian conflict.
Chhiyali
Chhiyali is a village in Balotra district, Rajasthan, India. Chhiyali has a total population of 1483 according to Census 2011.

Chhiyali is located near Sewali Village, and is 20 km (12 mi) from Samdari. Chhiyali is 6 km (3.7 mi) from Kandap.

Balotra district
Balotra district is a district of Rajasthan state of India. This district came into existence on 7 August 2023 by separating from Barmer district.

Balotra's district headquarters is Balotra town. Balotra district is bordered by Jaisalmer district in the north, Jodhpur Rural district in the east, Pali, Jalore district in the south and Barmer  district in the west. The area of Balotra district is 10,551 sq km. The total population of Balotra district is 9,70,760.
Bern Bümpliz Nord railway station
Bern Bümpliz Nord railway station (German: Bahnhof Bern Bümpliz Nord) is a railway station in the municipality of Bern, in the Swiss canton of Bern. It is an intermediate stop on the standard gauge Bern–Neuchâtel line of BLS AG. Bern Bümpliz Süd railway station is located on the Lausanne–Bern line.

BLS AG
BLS AG is a Swiss railway company created by the 2006 (2006) merger of BLS Lötschbergbahn and Regionalverkehr Mittelland AG. Its ownership is divided, with 55.8% of it owned by the canton of Berne, and 21.7% by the Swiss Confederation. It has two main business fields: passenger traffic and infrastructure.

BLS has a subsidiary—BLS Cargo—which is responsible for all freight operations. BLS Cargo works in cooperation with the freight subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn, Railion. However, the staff, apart from management and sales, is employed by BLS AG. Part of the BLS locomotive fleet is owned by BLS Cargo.

Another subsidiary, BLS Fernverkehr AG, is responsible for long-distance passenger transport. BLS Fernverkehr AG is wholly owned by BLS AG.
Natural methane on Mars
Natural methane on Mars refers to reports of detection of methane (CH4) in Mars's atmosphere. The potential presence of methane in the atmosphere of Mars may indicate the presence of microbial life or geological activity.

Mars orbiters and rovers, as well as Earth-based telescopes, have used infrared spectroscopy to search for trace amounts of methane in Mars's atmosphere. Measurements of methane from 60 ppbv to under the detection limit (<0.05 ppbv) have been reported, but there is no scientific consensus on whether these observations genuinely corroborate the existence of methane on Mars.

Detection limit
The limit of detection (LOD or LoD) is the lowest signal, or the lowest corresponding quantity to be determined (or extracted) from the signal, that can be observed with a sufficient degree of confidence or statistical significance. However, the exact threshold (level of decision) used to decide when a signal significantly emerges above the continuously fluctuating background noise remains arbitrary and is a matter of policy and often of debate among scientists, statisticians and regulators depending on the stakes in different fields.
1990 (Daniel Johnston album)
1990 is the eleventh album by American singer-songwriter Daniel Johnston. It was released in January 1990, through record label Shimmy Disc. Like Continued Story before it, 1990 was intended to be Johnston's first studio album, but had to be completed using live recordings and home demos.

Steve Shelley
Steven Jay Shelley (born June 23, 1962) is an American drummer. He is best known as the longtime drummer of the alternative rock band Sonic Youth, for whom he played from 1985 until their 2011 disbandment.
Near-Earth supernova
A near-Earth supernova is an explosion resulting from the  death of a star that occurs close enough to the Earth, less than roughly 10 to 300 parsecs [33 to 978 light-years] away, to have noticeable effects on its biosphere.

An estimated 20 supernova explosions have happened within 300 pc of the Earth over the last 11 million years. Type II supernova explosions are expected to occur in active star-forming regions, with 12 such OB associations being located within 650 pc of the Earth. At present, there are 12 near-Earth supernova candidates within 300 pc.

OB association
An OB association is a loosely organized, gravitationally unbound group of young, massive, main sequence stars primarily of spectral types O and B, characterized by their high temperatures, blue color, luminous, and massive stars with masses between 10 and 90 times that of the Sun. Sometimes these late O and Early B stars are referred as OB stars. These associations typically contain 10 to 100 (or more) massive stars alongside numerous lower-mass stars, all sharing common motion vectors, ages, and chemical compositions, indicating a shared origin. Unlike denser star clusters, OB associations lack sufficient gravitational binding and can disperse over millions of years.
Chaptalia texana
Chaptalia texana, common name silverpuff, is a North American species of plant in the family Asteraceae.  It is native to Mexico, Texas, and New Mexico.

Chaptalia texana is a perennial plant growing from a large root. Leaves are in a basal rosette close to the ground, with dense woolly hairs on the underside but not on top. There is generally only one flower head, held on an unbranched stalk; head is nodding (hanging) at fruiting time but not at flowering time. Flowers are cream-colored, turning reddish as they get old.

Nod (gesture)
A nod of the head is a gesture in which the head is tilted in alternating up and down arcs along the sagittal plane.  In many cultures, it is most commonly, but not universally, used to indicate agreement or as a greeting.
Allegan (meteorite)
Allegan is a type 5 H chondrite meteorite that landed west of Allegan, Michigan on July 10, 1899. Allegan weighed around fifty pounds after its landing. As of 1964, it was one of only seven known meteorites to land in Michigan.

Ordinary chondrite
The ordinary chondrites (sometimes called the O chondrites) are a class of stony chondritic meteorites. They are by far the most numerous group, comprising 87% of all finds. Hence, they have been dubbed "ordinary". The ordinary chondrites are thought to have originated from three parent asteroids, with the fragments making up the H chondrite, L chondrite and LL chondrite groups respectively.
Platinum Pied Pipers
Platinum Pied Pipers is a Detroit-based hip hop and R&B group composed of producer Waajeed (Robert O'Bryant), and multi-instrumentalist Saadiq (Darnell Bolden).  Their music usually features a rotating and varied array of artists.

Ubiquity Records
Ubiquity Records is an American independent record label that focuses on multiple genres, including but not limited to hip hop, electronic,  funk, Latin, soul, jazz, singer-songwriter, and other genres.
Paradinha
Paradinha is a former civil parish in the municipality (concelho) of Moimenta da Beira, Portugal. In 2013, the parish merged into the new parish Paradinha e Nagosa. The population in 2011 was 125, in an area of 5.72 km².

Moimenta da Beira
Moimenta da Beira (European Portuguese pronunciation: [mojˈmẽtɐ ðɐ ˈβɐjɾɐ] ⓘ) is a municipality in the northern part of Portugal, located in the district of Viseu. The population in 2011 was 10,212, in an area of 219.97 km2.
Mount Hope (New Baltimore, Virginia)
Mount Hope is a historic home located near New Baltimore, Fauquier County, Virginia. The house was built in four periods from the early-19th to early-20th centuries.  The main dwelling is a 2 ½-story, three-bay, frame dwelling on a stone foundation and in the Greek Revival style. It features a double-story porch with a hipped roof and square wooden columns. Also on the property are the contributing bank barn, a machine shed, a smokehouse, and a spring house dating from the 19th century; an early-20th-century shed; a well; and the Hunton Family cemetery.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.

Spring house
A spring house, or springhouse, is a small building, usually of a single room, constructed over a spring.  While the original purpose of a springhouse was to keep the spring water clean by excluding fallen leaves, animals, etc., the enclosing structure was also used for refrigeration before the advent of ice delivery and, later, electric refrigeration.  The water of the spring maintains a constant cool temperature inside the spring house throughout the year.  Food that would otherwise spoil, such as meat, fruit, or dairy products, could be kept there, safe from animal depredations as well. Springhouses thus often also served as pumphouses, milkhouses and root cellars.

The Tomahawk Spring spring house at Tomahawk, West Virginia, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.
Gresham Library
The Gresham Library, also known as the Gresham Regional Library, is a branch of the Multnomah County Library in Gresham in the U.S. state of Oregon. The branch offers the Multnomah County Library catalog of two million books, periodicals and other materials.

Gresham, Oregon
Gresham (/ˈɡrɛʃəm/ GRESH-əm) is a city in the Willamette Valley, Located in Multnomah County in the U.S. state of Oregon, bordered by Portland to the northwest and partially in the southwest. It was first settled in the early 1850s by the Powell brothers. It remained unincorporated until 1905; it was named after Walter Quintin Gresham, an American Civil War general and United States Secretary of State.

The early economy of the city was primarily supported by agriculture, and by the mid-20th century, the city saw a population boom, increasing from 4,000 residents to more than 10,000 between 1960 and 1970. The population was 114,247 at the 2020 census, making it the second most populous city in the county and the fourth-most populous city in Oregon. Gresham is an economic center for eastern Multnomah County.
Yagbon Stars
Yagbon Stars is a Ghanaian professional football team that plays in the 1A Zone of the Ghana Division One League. Zone 1A has seven competing teams from the part of the Ashanti Region, Brong Ahafo Region and the three Northern Regions of Ghana.

Ashanti Region
The Ashanti Region is located in the southern part of Ghana and is the third largest of 16 administrative regions, occupying a total land surface of 24,389 km2 (9,417 sq mi) and making up 10.2 percent of the total land area of Ghana. It is the most populated region in Ghana, with a population of 5,440,463 according to the 2021 census, accounting for around one-sixth of Ghana's total population. The Ashanti Region is known for its gold bar and cocoa production. The largest city and capital of Ashanti is Kumasi.