hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Melody (grape)
Melody is a hybrid white wine grape variety produced from a cross of Seyval blanc and a grape called Geneva White 5, which is itself a cross between Pinot blanc and Ontario.  Melody produces a light white with notes of peach and honeysuckle, and refreshing acidity, even at low sugar levels (0.7%-0.6% RS).

The grape is noted for its resistance to powdery mildew and Botrytis, although downy mildew has been noted on leaves and clusters.  It grows well in both sandy and clay loam soils.

Downy mildew
Downy mildew refers to any of several types of oomycete microbes that are obligate parasites of plants. Downy mildews exclusively belong to the Peronosporaceae family. In commercial agriculture, they are a particular problem for growers of crucifers, grapes and vegetables that grow on vines. The prime example is Peronospora farinosa featured in NCBI-Taxonomy and HYP3. This pathogen does not produce survival structures in the northern states of the United States, and overwinters as live mildew colonies in Gulf Coast states. It progresses northward with cucurbit production each spring. Yield loss associated with downy mildew is most likely related to soft rots that occur after plant canopies collapse and sunburn occurs on fruit. Cucurbit downy mildew only affects leaves of cucurbit plants.
Latin American Idol season 4
The fourth and final season of Latin American Idol premiered on September 9, 2009. This season brought new changes as host Monchi Balestra and judge Gustavo Sánchez left the show. The show was hosted by Erika de la Vega. Jon Secada and Mimi returned as judges, and Oscar Mediavilla, an Argentine producer, joined as a new judge.

The auditions for season 4 were in July 2009. There was a form to fill in the Latin American Idol MySpace site to try for auditions for 2009. Auditioners had to be between the ages of 18 and 28 by August 1, 2009.

Audition dates and places for season 4 were:

July 4, 2009 – Argentina

July 11, 2009 – Venezuela

July 18, 2009 – Mexico

July 25, 2009 – Costa Rica

Erika de la Vega
Erika Patricia de la Vega Quesada (born March 13, 1975) is a Venezuelan television host, comedian, actress and announcer. She has a son named Matías Ignacio who was born as a result of her relationship with the musician, producer and businessman Jesús Torres, with whom she has been married since 2012.
Hamilton Academical F.C. Reserves and Academy
In addition to their first team competing in Scottish League One, Hamilton Academical F.C. also maintain a reserve team competing in the SPFL Reserve League. A reserve team was fielded for many years until the abandonment of the most recent league for those teams in 2009. An under-20 side took part in the SPFL Development League until it was disbanded in 2018.

The club has also maintained a youth academy for younger age groups, with teams playing in competitions such as the Scottish Challenge Cup and the Scottish Youth Cup; as of 2025, that structure is in hiatus as a consequence of a range of issues affecting the wider club.

Scottish Professional Football League
The Scottish Professional Football League (SPFL) is the national men's association football league in Scotland. The league was formed in June 2013 following a merger between the Scottish Premier League and the Scottish Football League. As well as operating its league competition, which consists of the top four levels of the Scottish football league system, the SPFL also operates two domestic cup competitions, the Scottish League Cup and the Scottish Challenge Cup. While the Scottish Cup includes all the teams within the SPFL, the competition is run and organised by the Scottish Football Association.
St. Malo Provincial Park
St. Malo Provincial Park is a provincial park on the Rat River near St. Malo, Manitoba, Canada.  The 148.35 ha (0.5728 sq mi) park is located adjacent to St. Malo Lake in the Interlake Plain Ecoregion.

Provincial park
A provincial park (or territorial park) is a park administered by one of the provinces of a country, as opposed to a national park. They are similar to state parks in other countries. They are typically open to the public for recreation. Their environment may be more or less strictly protected.
Kasturi Rangappa Nayaka Fort
The Kasturi Rangappa Nayaka Fort in Sira in Tumkur district of Karnataka is named after the Nayaka ruler Kasturi Rangappa Nayaka,  who had ruled over Sira in the early 17th century as a palegar under the Vijayanagar Empire. After their rule, the fort and the Province of Sira came under the control of several rulers. Restoration works have been carried out by the Archaeology Department of Karnataka.

Sira, Karnataka
Sira is a city and taluk headquarters of Sira Taluk of Tumkur district in the state of Karnataka, India. It lies on the AH 47, NH 48 (earlier NH 4). The State Capital city, Bengaluru, is 120 km from Sira. It is known for its historical significance as a political and military center and for being the capital of Imperial Sira Subah in the early 1700s.
Khan of Hangu
The Khan of Hangu, also known as Raees e Hangu, was the title of the tribal chiefs of Hangu valley (Miranzai Valley). 
The first to take the title was(Ali mardankhan also known as mardu khan in the 16th century. After him, his clan, the Mardukhel (literally the Clan of Mardu), ruled the valley for more than 400 years from 1500 to 1915. They belong to the Miranzai sub-tribe of the larger Bangash tribe.

Bangash
The Bangash, Bungish, Bangaš or Bangakh (Pashto: بنګښ) are a tribe of Pashtuns, inhabiting their traditional homeland, the Bangash district which stretches from Kohat to Tall in Hangu and Spīn Ghar, Kurram in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. They also live as a smaller population in Dera Ismail Khel, Bannu while also a smaller population of Bangash inhabit mainly Gardez, Paktia and around the Lōya Paktia region of Afghanistan.
Thomas Memorial AME Zion Church
Thomas Memorial AME Zion Church is a historic African Methodist Episcopal Zion church located at Watertown in Jefferson County, New York. It was built in 1909 and is a small front gabled vernacular building with minimal Gothic details.  It is constructed of cast concrete blocks and features a plain square tower with no spire.
Its also a place where the run away slaves would use as a hub for the under ground railroad, along with several houses on the street. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.

Jefferson County, New York
Jefferson County is a county on the northern border of the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 116,721. Its county seat is Watertown. The county is named after Thomas Jefferson, third President of the United States of America. It is adjacent to Lake Ontario, southeast from the Canada–US border of Ontario. The county is part of the North Country region of the state.

Jefferson County comprises the Watertown-Fort Drum, NY Metropolitan Statistical Area.  The popularity of the area as a summer tourist destination results in a dramatic increase of population during that season.

In 2014, it elected Colleen M. O'Neill as the first woman county sheriff in the state. She had served with the New York State Police for 32 years.

The United States Army's 10th Mountain Division is based at Fort Drum. The base had a total population of nearly 13,000 according to the 2010 census.
Samuel Cheetham (priest)
Samuel Cheetham , DD, FSA (3 March 1827 – 9 July 1908) was an eminent Anglican priest and author in the last quarter of the nineteenth century and the first decade of the twentieth.

Cheetham was born in Hambleton, Rutland and educated at Oakham School and Christ's College, Cambridge. He was an Assistant Tutor of his old college from 1853 until 1858; and then professor of Pastoral Theology at King's College London until 1882, during which time he was also Chaplain of Dulwich College. In 1879 he became Archdeacon of Southwark; and in 1882 of Rochester, a post he held until his death.

Tutoring
Tutoring is private academic help, usually provided by an expert teacher; someone with deep knowledge or defined expertise in a particular subject or set of subjects.

A tutor, formally also called an academic tutor, is a person who provides assistance or tutelage to one or more people on certain subject areas or skills. The tutor spends a few hours on a daily, weekly, or monthly basis to transfer their expertise on the topic or skill to the student (also called a tutee). Tutoring can take place in different settings.
Linda Rampell
Linda Rampell, born 5 December 1971, in Stockholm, Sweden, is a Swedish design theorist, fashion historian, researcher, lecturer and author of several books. She holds a PhD at Lund University. In her PhD thesis she deconstructs the modernist discourse of nationalist design in Sweden. In her postdoctoral research project Homo Capitalistes, she concludes that "the only ism after postmodernism is consumerism", and that the postmodern condition has become a shopmodern condition, in which aesthetics and economics have merged into aesthetonomics, which defines an economy of seeing evaluating how much a being is worth. Shopmodernism is the last art historical 'ism'. Objects of knowledge have become consumer goods. The ongoing financialization of everyday life is laid bare through fashionalization. Rampell is a member of International Association of Art Critics (AICA) and has written articles, essays and books on the subjects consumer cultures, fashion and design theory.

Discourse
Discourse is a generalization of the notion of a conversation to any form of communication. Discourse is a major topic in social theory, with work spanning fields such as sociology, anthropology, continental philosophy, and discourse analysis. Following work by Michel Foucault, these fields view discourse as a system of thought, knowledge, or communication that constructs our world experience. Since control of discourse amounts to control of how the world is perceived, social theory often studies discourse as a window into power. Within theoretical linguistics, discourse is understood more narrowly as linguistic information exchange and was one of the major motivations for the framework of dynamic semantics. In these expressions, denotations are equated with their ability to update a discourse context.
Joseph Lennon
Joseph Lennon (22 June 1933 – 25 January 1990) was a Fine Gael politician from County Louth in Ireland. He was a senator from 1982 to 1987.

A farmer and local councillor in County Louth, Lennon stood unsuccessfully as a Fine Gael candidate for Dáil Éireann in the Louth constituency at the 1977 and 1987 general elections.

In 1982, he was elected to the 16th Seanad on the Agricultural Panel, and was re-elected in 1983 to the 17th Seanad, serving until 1987 elections.

Louth (Dáil constituency)
Louth is a parliamentary constituency represented in Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Irish parliament or Oireachtas. The constituency elects five deputies (Teachtaí Dála, commonly known as TDs) on the system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV). It covers the entirety of County Louth and a small area of County Meath.
Battle of Konotop
The Battle of Konotop or Battle of Sosnivka was fought between a coalition led by the Hetman of Zaporizhian Cossacks Ivan Vyhovsky and cavalry units of the Russian Tsardom under the command of Semyon Pozharsky and Semyon Lvov, supported by Cossacks of Ivan Bezpaly, on 29 June 1659, near the town of Konotop, Ukraine, during the Russo-Polish War (1654–1667). Vyhovsky's coalition defeated the Russians and their allies and forced the main Russian army to interrupt the siege of Konotop. However, the result of the battle only intensified political tensions in Ukraine and led to Vyhovsky's removal from power several months later.

Hetman of Zaporizhian Cossacks
A Hetman of Zaporizhian Cossacks is a historical term that has multiple meanings.

Officially the post was known as Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host (Old Ukrainian: Гетман Войска Єго Королевскои Милости Запорозкого, Hetman of His Royal Grace's Zaporozhian Host; Ukrainian: Гетьман Війська Запорозького, romanized: Hetman Viiska Zaporozkoho). Hetman of Zaporizhian Cossacks as a title was not officially recognized internationally until the creation of the Cossack Hetmanate. With the creation of Registered Cossacks units their leaders were officially referred to as Senior of His Royal Grace's Zaporozhian Host (Ukrainian: старший його Королівської Милості Війська Запорозького, Starshyi Yoho Korolivskoi Mylosti Viiska Zaporozkoho; Polish: starszy Wojska J.K.Mci Zaporoskiego). Before 1648 and the establishment of the Cossack Hetmanate there were numerous regional hetmans across the Dnieper-banks, who usually were starostas or voivodes.
Cavit Şadi Pehlivanoğlu
Cavit Şadi Pehlivanoğlu (1927 – 21 November 2015) was a Turkish statesman, who served as a legislator of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey for three terms between 1961 and 1996, first as a member of Justice Party (Turkey) and then as the Vice President of Motherland Party (Turkey) that he founded together with Turgut Özal and others. He was elected from the province Ordu. He held several positions within the parliament. Both before and after his active political career, he worked as an attorney at law and a business executive for various associations.  He was well known for his controversial actions and political speeches.

Pehlivanoğlu died on 21 November 2015, aged 88.

Justice Party (Turkey)
The Justice Party (Turkish: Adalet Partisi, AP) was a Turkish political party prominent in the 1960s and 1970s. A descendant of the Democrat Party, the AP was dominated by Süleyman Demirel, who served six times as prime minister, and was in office at the time of the military coup on 12 September 1980. Along with all other political parties in Turkey, the Justice Party was suppressed in the immediate aftermath of the coup. It was subsequently re-established as the True Path Party in 1983.

The Justice Party was a Turkish nationalist and liberal conservative party. It advocated Kemalist principles, parliamentary democracy and a market economy. It strongly supported membership in NATO and close relations with the United States.
Rodolfo Villena Hernández
Rodolfo Villena Hernández (born 1968) is a Mexican artisan who specializes in cartonería, a type of hard papier-mâché used to sculpt piñatas, holiday decorations, Judas figures as well as the building of monumental works.

His works have been exhibited in Puebla, Mexico City and Chicago. He has also been involved in theater. His work has been recognized with various awards over his career.

National Museum of Mexican Art
The National Museum of Mexican Art (NMMA) is a museum featuring Mexican and Chicano art and culture. It is located in Harrison Park in the Pilsen neighborhood of Chicago, Illinois. The museum was founded in 1982 by Carlos Tortolero and opened on March 27, 1987. It is the only Latino museum accredited by the American Alliance of Museums. The museum describes itself as the largest Latino cultural institution in America.

Admission to the museum is free.
Sonic Reign
Sonic Reign is a German black metal band consisting of two members: Ben (vox, strings) and Sebastian (drums). The band plays a modern variant of black metal influenced by bands such as Satyricon, Emperor and Thorns.

The band was initially formed in 1997 under the name of Megiddo, but began to use Sonic Reign in 1999.

Sonic Reign signed a deal with Metal Blade Records in December 2006. The first release in this collaboration is the re-release of the band's first album, Raw Dark Pure, which was originally released by the band's own label Sovereignty Productions on 21 July 2006.

Metal Blade Records
Metal Blade Records (often shortened to Metal Blade) is an American independent record label founded by Brian Slagel in 1982 based in the U.S. state of California. The label primarily focuses on heavy metal.
1977–1978 Whitbread Round the World Race
The 1977–78 Whitbread Round the World Race was the second edition of the around-the-world sailing event Whitbread Round the World Race. On 27 August 1977, 15 boats started out from Portsmouth for the Whitbread Round the World Race under a moderate Northerly breeze and light patchy rain. Most of the second Whitbread Race was dominated by a tight race between Swan 65 King's Legend and Flyer, the latter eventually winning the race. All 15 boats finished the 26,780-nautical-mile (49,600 km) race. Great Britain II was winner on elapsed time for the second race in succession. This race was notable for the fact that Clare Francis became the first woman to skipper a Whitbread entry, the Swan 65 ADC Accutrac.

Great Britain II
Great Britain II (also United Friendly, Norsk Data GB, With Integrity, Whitbread Heritage) is a Maxi racing yacht launched by Princess Anne on 21 May 1973 named after the SS Great Britain, built by Isambard Kingdom Brunel which was the world's first "iron clad" steam ship and whose salvage from the Falklands was underwritten by Sir Jack Hayward, who also funded the building of GB II.
Lorena (album)
Lorena is the debut album of the Spanish singer Lorena Gómez. It was released on 27 March 2007 in Spain, two months after winning fifth series of Spanish OT in 2006. It is an album of personal covers of greatest hits of international artists that also includes two new songs.

The album entered and peaked at number 4 of the Spanish Top 100 Albums. Two singles were released from the album: "Sin Medida" in March 2007 and "Otro Amor Vendrá" in July 2007. As of September 2007, the album has sold more than 40,000 copies.

Operación Triunfo series 5
Operación Triunfo is a Spanish reality television music competition to find new singing talent. The fifth series, also known as Operación Triunfo 2006, aired on Telecinco from 8 October 2006 to 26 January 2007, presented by Jesús Vázquez.

Lorena Gómez was the winner of the series.
Narrowleaf purple everlasting
Narrowleaf purple everlasting is a common name for two closely related plants which are often confused with each other:

Gamochaeta calviceps, native to South America and the southeastern United States

Gamochaeta falcata, native to Guatemala, Mexico, and the southwestern United States

Gamochaeta calviceps
Gamochaeta calviceps, the narrowleaf purple everlasting, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae. It is native to South America and to the southeastern United States (from Texas and Oklahoma to Virginia (though not Florida). It has also become naturalized in other places (Europe, Taiwan, New Zealand, California, etc.).

Gamochaeta calviceps is an annual herb up to 55 cm (22 in) tall. Leaves are long and narrow, up to 6 cm (2.4 in) long, mostly clustered along the base and often folded along the middle. The plant forms many small flower heads in elongated arrays. Each head contains 2–4 purple disc flowers but no ray flowers. Flowers bloom April to July. It grows in fields, disturbed sites, flower beds, and edges of woods.

Gamochaeta calviceps is similar to G. falcata, and many G. calviceps specimens from the United States have long been misidentified as G. falcata.
Raising of the Cross
The raising of the Cross or elevation of the Cross has been a distinct subject in the Life of Christ in art depicting the start of the Crucifixion of Jesus.

The subject became popular in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, with artists such as Tintoretto, van Dyck, and Rubens among the first to produce significant works with the subject.

Tintoretto
Jacopo Robusti (late September or early October 1518 – 31 May 1594), best known as Tintoretto (/ˌtɪntəˈrɛtoʊ/ TIN-tə-RET-oh; Italian: [tintoˈretto]; Venetian: [tiŋtoˈɾeto]), was an Italian Renaissance painter of the Venetian school. His contemporaries both admired and criticised the speed with which he painted and the unprecedented boldness of his brushwork. For his phenomenal energy in painting he was termed il Furioso (Italian for 'the Furious'). His work is characterised by muscular figures, dramatic gestures and bold use of perspective, in the Mannerist style.
Kök-Janggak
Kök-Janggak (Kyrgyz: Көк-жаңгак or Көкжаңгак, meaning "blue walnut" in Kyrgyz and Uzbek, Russian: Кок-Янгак Kok-Yangak) is a city in Jalal-Abad Region in western Kyrgyzstan, located at a distance of about 29 km from the regional centre city Jalal-Abad. The town lies on the southwestern foothills of the Fergana Range, along the Korgontash River—a left tributary of the Kögart river. It is situated at an elevation of approximately 1,350–1,590 meters above sea level and is set within a scenic landscape characterized by walnut–fruit forests.  Its population was 12,117 in 2021. It is a city of regional significance within the Suzak District.

Fergana Range
The Fergana Range (Kyrgyz: Фергана тоо кыркасы; Russian: Ферганский хребет) is a mountain range of the Tian Shan in Kyrgyzstan. The length of the range is 206 km, and the average height is 3,600 m above sea level. The highest mountain is 4,893 m above sea level.
Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin
Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin (1825 – 10 May 1906) was the 25th Sultan of Brunei from 1885 until his death in 1906. Pengiran Anak Hashim or Hashim Jalilul was a prominent and controversial figure in Bruneian history. Many Western visitors' narrative painted him and his surroundings in a bad light, which was consistent with the idea that Brunei was a decaying monarchy at the time.

Sultan Hashim requested British help in the late 19th century to stop Rajah Charles Brooke's territorial expansions, which resulted in the 1888 Protectorate Agreement. Aware of Brunei's request for assistance from the Ottoman Empire, the British sent Malcolm McArthur to handle matters related to governance, which resulted in the 1905–1906 Supplementary Agreement. This arrangement put Brunei's government under British control by allowing a British resident to advise the Sultan on most issues, with the exception of those pertaining to Islam and Malay customs.

Kampong Ayer
Kampung Ayer (kahm-PONG AH-yuhr,  Malay pronunciation: [ˈkampoŋ ˈaje(r)], Brunei: Kampung Aing) is a prominent traditional settlement in Bandar Seri Begawan, the capital of Brunei. It comprises neighbourhoods of traditional houses, schools and mosques built on stilts above the Brunei River near the capital's city centre. It has an area of about 10 square kilometres (3.9 sq mi); the total population was 10,250 in 2016. It has been historically nicknamed 'Venice of the East'.
Ding Kuong Hiing
Datuk Ding Kuong Hiing (simplified Chinese: 陈冠勋; traditional Chinese: 陳冠勛; pinyin: Chén Guānxūn; born 20 January 1955) is a Malaysian politician who has served as Member of the Sarawak State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Meradong since May 2016. Previously, he was the Member of the Parliament of Malaysia (MP) for Sarikei from March 2008 to May 2013.

Meradong (state constituency)
Meradong is a state constituency in Sarawak, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Sarawak State Legislative Assembly since 1979.

The state constituency was created in the 1977 redistribution and is mandated to return a single member to the Sarawak State Legislative Assembly under the first past the post voting system.
Zamora CF
Zamora Club de Fútbol is a Spanish football team based in Zamora, in the autonomous community of Castile and León. Founded in 1968 it plays in Primera Federación – Group 1, holding home games at Estadio Ruta de la Plata, with a capacity of 7,813 seaters.

Zamora, Spain
Zamora (Spanish: [θaˈmoɾa] ⓘ) is a city and municipality of Spain located in the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is the capital of the province of Zamora. The city straddles the Duero river. With its 24 characteristic Romanesque style churches of the 12th and 13th centuries it has been called a "museum of Romanesque art". Zamora is the city with the most Romanesque churches in all of Europe. The most important celebration in Zamora is Holy Week.

Zamora is part of the natural comarca of Tierra del Pan and it is the head of the judicial district of Zamora.