hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Maximum segment lifetime
Maximum segment lifetime or MSL is the time a TCP segment can exist in the internetwork system.  It was defined in 1981 to be 2 minutes.

For this specification the MSL is taken to be 2 minutes.  This is an engineering choice, and may be changed if experience indicates it is desirable to do so.

The specification calls for this value to be used for the "time-wait" interval, the minimum time a system must keep the socket in the TIME_WAIT state before designating the socket closed, thus preventing the socket from being re-used before that interval.

Internetworking
Internetworking is the practice of interconnecting multiple computer networks.: 169  Typically, this enables any pair of hosts in the connected networks to exchange messages irrespective of their hardware-level networking technology. The resulting system of interconnected networks is called an internetwork, or simply an internet.

The most notable example of internetworking is the Internet, a network of networks based on many underlying hardware technologies. The Internet is defined by a unified global addressing system, packet format, and routing methods provided by the Internet Protocol.: 103

The term internetworking is a combination of the components inter (between) and networking. An earlier term for an internetwork is catenet, a short-form of (con)catenating networks.
Fly on the Wall (Bobby V album)
Fly on the Wall is the fourth album by American R&B singer Bobby V, and his second album released through his own Blu Kolla Dreams label via Capitol Records. It was released on March 22, 2011. The album production from long-time collaborators Tim & Bob, as well as Bryan-Michael Cox, The Pentagon (an Underdogs offshoot), Jazze Pha, LOS Da Mystro, and Bobby V himself. The album features guest rappers 50 Cent, Lloyd Banks, Cyhi Da Prynce, Plies & Twista. The album debuted at No. 9 on the US Billboard 200 chart, with first-week sales of 38,000 copies in the United States and fell to No. 60 in its following week.

Tim & Bob
Tim & Bob (Tim Kelley and Bob Robinson), also known as Funktwons, were an American songwriting and production duo from Peoria, Illinois. The duo has been credited on the Billboard Hot 100 top ten-singles "Thong Song" by Sisqó, "Slow Down" by Bobby V and "They Don't Know" by Jon B., as well as the top 40-singles "So Into You" by Tamia and "Come See Me" by 112. They discovered the latter act in Atlanta during the late 1990s, and have since worked extensively with acts such as Bobby V, Boyz II Men, Donell Jones and Monica to produce one or more of their albums, respectively. They disbanded in 2014 to separately pursue solo work.

Tim & Bob have won three Grammy Awards from 12 nominations.
KONDA Research and Consultancy
KONDA Research and Consultancy (Turkish: KONDA Araştırma ve Danışmanlık) is an anonymous company in Turkey that specialises in public opinion polling and consultancy. It was founded in 1986 by Tarhan Erdem, a former Minister of Industry and Technology in the centre-left minority government of Bülent Ecevit in 1977.

Since March 2010, KONDA has compiled monthly 'barometers' that consist of public opinion polls conducted within a sample between 1,800 and 3,600. Their opinion polls measure the public outlook on contemporary issues in Turkey such as nationalism, the headscarf, outlook on companies and finance, political allegiances as well as law and justice. The company also publishes two indexes to measure political polarisation and public satisfaction.

Consultant
A consultant (from Latin: consultare "to deliberate") is a professional (also known as expert, specialist, see variations of meaning below) who provides advice or services in an area of specialization (generally to medium or large-size corporations). Consulting services generally fall under the domain of professional services, as contingent work.

The Harvard Business School defines a consultant as someone who advises on "how to modify, proceed in, or streamline a given process within a specialized field".
Alexander Ferdinand, 3rd Prince of Thurn and Taxis
Alexander Ferdinand, 3rd Prince of Thurn and Taxis, full German name: Alexander Ferdinand Fürst von Thurn und Taxis (21 March 1704 – 17 March 1773) was the third Prince of Thurn and Taxis, Postmaster General of the Imperial Reichspost, and Head of the Princely House of Thurn and Taxis from 8 November 1739 until his death on 17 March 1773. Alexander Ferdinand served as Principal Commissioner (German: Prinzipalkommissar) at the Perpetual Imperial Diet in Frankfurt am Main and Regensburg for Charles VII, Holy Roman Emperor, Francis I, Holy Roman Emperor, and Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor from 1 February 1743 to 1745 and again from 1748 until 1773.

Lobkowicz family
The House of Lobkowicz (Lobkovicové in modern Czech, sg. z Lobkovic; Lobkowitz in German) is an important Bohemian noble family that dates back to the 14th century and is one of the oldest noble families of the region. Over the centuries, the family expanded their possessions through marriage with the most powerful families of the region, which resulted in gaining vast territories all across central Europe. Due to that, and despite the Czech roots, the family was also incorporated into the German, Austrian and Belgian nobility.
Dynamin superfamily
Dynamin Superfamily Protein (DSP) is a protein superfamily includes classical dynamins, GBPs, Mx proteins, OPA1, mitofusins in Eukaryote, and bacterial dynamin-like proteins (BDLPs) in Prokaryote. DSPs mediate eukaryotic membrane fusion and fission necessary for endocytosis, organelle biogenesis and maintenance, Mitochondrial fusion and fission, as well as for prokaryotic cytokinesis.

MFN1
Mitofusin-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MFN1 gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is a mediator of mitochondrial fusion. This protein and mitofusin 2 are homologs of the Drosophila protein fuzzy onion (Fzo). They are mitochondrial membrane proteins that interact with each other to facilitate mitochondrial targeting.
Uličské Krivé
Uličské Krivé (Hungarian: Görbeszeg, Rusyn: Уліцьке Криве) is a village and municipality in Snina District in the Prešov Region of north-eastern Slovakia. In historical records the village was first mentioned in 1478. The municipality lies at an altitude of 285 metres and covers an area of 19.132 km2. According to the 2013 census it had a population of 255 inhabitants.

The village is situated in the buffer zone of the Poloniny National Park and offers an access point to some of the National Park's hiking trails. Several components of the Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians UNESCO World Heritage Site are also close to the village.

The wooden Greek Catholic church in the village dates back to 1718 and is dedicated to the Archangel Michael.

Prešov Region
The Prešov Region (Slovak: Prešovský kraj, pronounced [ˈpreʂɔwskiː ˈkraj]; Hungarian: Eperjesi kerület), also Priashiv Region (Ukrainian: Пряшівський край, romanized: Priashivskyi krai, pronounced [ˈprʲɑʃiu̯sʲkɪj ˈkrɑj]), is one of the eight Slovak administrative regions and consists of 13 districts (okresy) and 666 municipalities, 23 of which have town status. The region was established in 1996 and is the most populous of all the regions in Slovakia. Its administrative center is the city of Prešov.
2000 King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes
The 2000 King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes was a horse race held at Ascot Racecourse on Saturday 29 July 2000. It was the 50th running of the King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes.

The winner was Michael Tabor's Montjeu, a four-year-old bay colt trained in France by John Hammond and ridden by Mick Kinane. Montjeu's victory was the first in the race for Hammond and Tabor and the third for Kinane after Belmez (1990) and King's Theatre (1994).

King's Theatre (horse)
King's Theatre (1 May 1991 – 13 June 2011) was an Irish-bred Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. He was trained in the United Kingdom and the United States during a racing career which lasted from July 1993 to June 1996, winning five of his seventeen races. He is  best known for winning the King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes in 1994, a year in which he was named European Champion Three-year old colt. King's Theatre later became a sire of both flat racers and jumpers.
Potter wasp
Potter wasps (or mason wasps), the Eumeninae, are a cosmopolitan wasp group currently considered a subfamily of Vespidae, but sometimes recognized in the past as a separate family, Eumenidae.

Mud dauber wasps, which also build their nests with mud, are in the families Sphecidae and Crabronidae and not discussed here.

Sphecidae
The Sphecidae are a cosmopolitan family of wasps of the suborder Apocrita that includes  sand wasps, mud daubers, and other thread-waisted wasps.

The name Sphecidae was formerly given to a much larger grouping of wasps. This was found to be paraphyletic, so most of the old subfamilies have been moved to the Crabronidae.
Waltraud Oertel
Waltraud Oertel (née Skrzipek on 14 October 1936) is a retired German diver. She competed in the springboard at the 1960 Summer Olympics and finished in 10th place.

Her husband Rudi Oertel competed at the 1960 Olympics in men's springboard. They married around late 1954, when she changed her last name and club. She won four national titles between 1952 and 1955.

Springboard
A springboard or diving board is used for diving and is a board that is itself a spring, i.e. a linear flex-spring, of the cantilever type.

Springboards are commonly fixed by a hinge at one end (so they can be flipped up when not in use), and the other end usually hangs over a swimming pool, with a point midway between the hinge and the end resting on an adjustable fulcrum.
Villas of Genoa
Villas have been one of the pillars of the social and economic history of Genoa. Since the 14th century, the villa became the symbol of the power of the aristocratic oligarchy and the wealthy merchant bourgeoisie, for whom it was the mirror of the city palace: outside the walls they conveyed the luxury and magnificence found in the city residences.

In Great Genoa area alone, there were more than two hundred and sixty villas, a universe of residences, some of which have been lost, most of which are in ruins or have been used for other purposes, but which, through the few that have been restored and can be visited today, offer a glimpse of the splendor of a ruling class whose entrepreneurial and political skills made them very wealthy.

Sampierdarena
Sampierdarena or San Pier d'Arena (Ligurian: San Pê d'Ænn-a) is a major port and industrial area of Genoa, in northwest Italy. With San Teodoro it forms the Centro Ovest (West Central) municipio (borough).
1916 Hawaii Deans football team
The 1916 Hawaii Deans football team represented the College of Hawaiʻi—now known as the University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa–as an independent during the 1916 college football season. In their first and only season under head coach W. H. Britton, the Deans compiled a 3–2–1 record.

1916 college football season
The 1916 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Army and Pittsburgh as national champions. Both Army and Pittsburgh claim a national championship for the 1916 season. Georgetown led the nation in scoring with 464 points.
Octanal
Octanal is the organic compound, an aldehyde, with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)6CHO. A colorless fragrant liquid with a fruit-like odor, it occurs naturally in citrus oils.  It is used commercially as a component in perfumes and in flavor production for the food industry. It is usually produced by hydroformylation of heptene and the dehydrogenation of 1-octanol.

Octanal can also be referred to as caprylic aldehyde or C8 aldehyde.

Dehydrogenation
In chemistry, dehydrogenation is a chemical reaction that involves the removal of hydrogen, usually from an organic molecule. It is the reverse of hydrogenation.  Dehydrogenation is important, both as a useful reaction and a serious problem.  At its simplest, it is a useful way of converting alkanes, which are relatively inert and thus low-valued, to olefins, which are reactive and thus more valuable. Alkenes are precursors to aldehydes (R−CH=O), alcohols (R−OH), polymers, and aromatics.  As a problematic reaction, the fouling and inactivation of many catalysts arises via coking, which is the dehydrogenative polymerization of organic substrates.

Enzymes that catalyze dehydrogenation are called dehydrogenases.
Rebekah Kolstad
Rebekah “Becky” Kolstad (born January 21, 1997), also known by the Chinese name Li Beika (simplified Chinese: 丽贝卡; traditional Chinese: 麗貝卡; pinyin: Lì Bèikǎ), is an American ice hockey forward and member of the Chinese women's national ice hockey team, currently playing in the Zhenskaya Hockey League (ZhHL) with the KRS Vanke Rays.

Kolstad represented China in the women's ice hockey tournament at the 2022 Winter Olympics in Beijing.

Ice hockey at the 2022 Winter Olympics – Women's tournament
The women's tournament in ice hockey at the 2022 Winter Olympics was held in Beijing, China between 3 and 17 February 2022. Ten countries qualified for the tournament; six of them did so automatically by virtue of their ranking by the International Ice Hockey Federation, one, China, automatically qualified as hosts, while the three others took part in a qualification tournament.

The United States had been the defending champion. Canada won the gold medal, defeating the United States in the final 3–2. Finland defeated Switzerland 4–0 for the bronze medal. The final standings from first through seventh place were an exact repeat of the 2021 IIHF Women's World Championship.
Hardas
Hardas is a village in Kargil district of the Indian union territory of Ladakh, close to the India–Pakistan border (LOC). The village is located 10 kilometres north of Kargil, the district headquarters, on the left of the Dras River.

Survey of India
The Survey of India is India's central engineering agency in charge of mapping and surveying. Set up in 1767 to help consolidate the territories of the British East India Company, it is one of the oldest Engineering Departments of the Government of India. Its members are from Survey of India Service cadre of Civil Services of India. It is headed by the Surveyor General of India. At present, the Surveyor General is Hitesh Kumar S. Makwana.
Reinhard Gregor Kratz
Reinhard Gregor Kratz, FBA (born July 25, 1957 in Offenbach am Main) is a German biblical scholar, historian of ancient Judaism, and Protestant theologian. He currently serves as professor of Old Testament, or Hebrew Bible, in the Faculty of Theology at the University of Göttingen, in Germany. In his various authorial, editorial, advisory, and administrative capacities, Kratz has had a sizeable impact on research into the Hebrew Bible and ancient Judaism.

Göttingen Academy of Sciences and Humanities
The Göttingen Academy of Sciences (name since 2023 : German: Niedersächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen) is the oldest continuously existing institution among the eight scientific academies in Germany, which are united under the umbrella of the Union of German Academies of Sciences and Humanities. It has the task of promoting research under its own auspices and in collaboration with academics in and outside Germany. It has its seat in the university town of Göttingen. Its meeting room is located in the auditorium of the University of Göttingen.
Cryptocarya cocosoides
Cryptocarya cocosoides, commonly known as coconut laurel, is a tree in the laurel family and is endemic to north Queensland. Its leaves are lance-shaped to elliptic, the flowers creamy-green, perfumed and tube-shaped, and the fruit a spherical black to purple drupe.

Lauraceae
Lauraceae, or the laurels, is a plant family that includes the true laurel and its closest relatives. This family comprises about 2850 known species in about 45 genera worldwide. They are dicotyledons, and occur mainly in warm temperate and tropical regions, especially Southeast Asia and South America. Many are aromatic evergreen trees or shrubs, but some, such as Sassafras, are deciduous, or include both deciduous and evergreen trees and shrubs, especially in tropical and temperate climates. The genus Cassytha is unique in the Lauraceae in that its members are parasitic vines. Many species within the laurel family are highly toxic; however, some, such as the avocado (Persea americana), are edible and widely consumed. Members of the laurel family have played a significant role in the spice trade, particularly genera like Cinnamomum, which produce aromatic oils used extensively in cooking, perfumery, and traditional medicine.
Manorowen
Manorowen is a small settlement and parish on the A487 2 miles (3.2 km) southwest of Fishguard, Pembrokeshire, West Wales, in the Community of Scleddau; the parish includes the village of Scleddau—the eastern part of which is in the neighbouring parish of Llanstinan. A listed property bears the name of the parish, and the church is dedicated to St Mary.

Fishguard
Fishguard (Welsh: Abergwaun, meaning "Mouth of the River Gwaun") is a coastal town in Pembrokeshire, Wales, with a population of 3,400 (rounded to the nearest 100) as of the 2021 census. Modern Fishguard consists of two parts, Lower Fishguard and the "Main Town". Fishguard and Goodwick are twin towns with a joint Town Council.

Lower Fishguard is believed to be the site of the original hamlet from which modern Fishguard has grown. It is in a deep valley where the River Gwaun meets the sea, hence the Welsh name for Fishguard. It is a typical fishing village with a short tidal quay. The settlement stretches along the north slope of the valley.

The main town contains the parish church, the High Street and most of the modern development, and lies upon the hill to the south of Lower Fishguard, to which it is joined by a steep and winding road. The west part of the town that faces Goodwick grew in the first decade of the 20th century with the development of Fishguard Harbour.
Wheeler Independent School District
The Wheeler Independent School District is a public school district in Wheeler County, Texas, United States, based in Wheeler, Texas. The district extends into a small portion of Gray County.

In 2009, the school district was rated "academically acceptable" by the Texas Education Agency.

Gray County, Texas
Gray County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 21,227. The county seat is Pampa. The county was created in 1876 and later organized in 1902. Gray County is named for Peter W. Gray, a Confederate lawyer and soldier in the American Civil War. Gray County comprises the Pampa, TX micropolitan statistical area.
Marie Collonvillé
Marie Collonvillé (born 23 November 1973 in Amiens) is a French heptathlete.

She was the first-ever IAAF-recognised world record holder in the women's decathlon; the event was officially recognised from 1 January 2005, and her mark of 8160 set in Talence on 26 September 2004 was broken by Austra Skujytė on 15 April 2005.

She was a regular competitor at the annual Hypo-Meeting.

Heptathlon
A heptathlon is a track and field combined events contest made up of seven events. The name derives from the Greek ἑπτά (hepta, meaning "seven") and ἄθλος (áthlos, or ἄθλον, áthlon, meaning "competition"). A competitor in a heptathlon is referred to as a heptathlete.

There are two heptathlons – the men's and the women's heptathlon – composed of different events. The men's heptathlon is older and is currently held indoors, contested at the IAAF World Indoor Championships in Athletics. The women's heptathlon is held outdoors and was introduced in the 1980s, first appearing in the Olympics in 1984. It is currently contested in the athletics programme of the Olympics and at the World Athletics Championships.
Andrey Adamovskiy
Andrey Adamovskiy (Ukrainian: Андрій Григорович Адамовський, Andrii Hryhorovych Adamovskyi) (born March 1, 1962, Frunze, now Bishkek) – Ukrainian businessman and philanthropist. Honorary Academician of the National Academy of Arts of Ukraine.

National Academy of Arts of Ukraine
The National Ukrainian Academy of Arts (Ukrainian: Національна академія мистецтв України, НАМ України, romanized: Natsionalna akademiia mystetstv Ukrainy, NAM Ukrainy) is a state scientific and artistic institution in the field of art, culture, and art history in Ukraine. The academy is one of the six state funded institutions along with the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine that was established in 1996 and obtained its National status in 2010. The membership to the academy is on an electoral basis for the distinguished specialists of professional artistry: theater and film directors, composers, painters, conductors, actors etc.
2018 Diamond Head Classic
The 2018 Diamond Head Classic was a mid-season eight-team college basketball tournament that was played on December 22, 23, and 25 at the Stan Sheriff Center in Honolulu, Hawaii. It was the tenth annual Diamond Head Classic tournament, and is part of the 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season.

2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season
The 2018–19 NCAA Division I men's basketball season began on November 6, 2018. The first tournament was the 2K Sports Classic and the season concluded with the Final Four at U.S. Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota, on April 8, 2019. Practices officially began on September 28, 2018. The season saw Zion Williamson dominate Player of the Year honors and media attention, while Virginia won its first NCAA Championship. The NCAA Championship Game between Virginia and Texas Tech would mark the final NCAA game with a 20-foot 9 inch three-point shot line, as it moved out to the FIBA standard of 22 feet and 2 inches the following year.
Alphapharm
Alphapharm is a generic drug manufacturing company based in Australia. Alphapharm manufactures many different generic pharmaceutical medicines and exports to 50 countries. It is owned by Mylan Pharmaceuticals (USA) which merged with Upjohn on November 16, 2020, to become Viatris. Alphapharm's logo is a green circle with a white lowercase alpha enclosed. Alphapharm is the largest sole supplier to the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme by number of PBS subsidised prescriptions.

Viatris
Viatris Inc. is an American global pharmaceutical and healthcare corporation headquartered in Canonsburg, Pennsylvania. The corporation was formed through the merger of Mylan and Upjohn, a legacy division of Pfizer, on November 16, 2020.

The name of the corporation comes from the Latin words via, meaning path, and tris, which means three, referring to the path to three main objectives the corporation set: expanding access to medicines, meeting patient needs through innovation, and earning the trust of the healthcare community.

Viatris ranked 254th on the 2021 Fortune 500 rankings of the largest United States corporations based on its 2020 total revenue.
Pesaro railway station
Pesaro railway station (Italian: Stazione di Pesaro) serves the city and comune of Pesaro, in the region of Marche, central Italy.  Opened in 1861, it forms part of the Bologna–Ancona railway.

The station is currently managed by Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI).  However, the commercial area of the passenger building is managed by Centostazioni.  Train services are operated by Trenitalia.  Each of these companies is a subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), Italy's state-owned rail company.

Central Italy
Central Italy (Italian: Italia centrale or Centro Italia) is one of the five official statistical regions of Italy used by the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT), a first-level NUTS region with code ITI, and a European Parliament constituency. As of 2025, it has over 11 million inhabitants.