hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paper Flower (film)
Paper Flower is a short narrative film by Toy Gun Films that was premiered in Tokyo in February 2011. It was first shown in the U.S. at the Beverly Hills Film Festival on April 8, 2011. Paper Flower was directed by Brent Ryan Green, written by Jeff Goldberg, and produced by Toy Gun Films Toy Gun Films The cinematographer was Thomas Marvel and the music was composed by Aska Matsumiya Your Enemies Friends.

The film was inspired by a collection of true stories surrounding the issue of Enjo-kōsai (援助交際) or compensated dating and materialism that families face throughout Tokyo. Paper Flower focuses on the friendship of two childhood friends growing up in Tokyo where a casual form of prostitution known as compensated dating has become a disturbing trend. When they each experience heartbreaking losses, they are forced to decide how much of themselves they are willing to give in order to find true love.

Materialism
In philosophy and metaphysics, materialism is a form of monism holding that matter is the fundamental substance of nature, so that all things, including mind and consciousness, arise from material interactions and depend on physical processes, including those of the human brain and nervous system. It contrasts with monistic idealism, which treats consciousness as fundamental, and is related to naturalism, the view that only natural laws and forces operate in the universe, and to physicalism, the view that all that exists is ultimately physical. Physicalism extends materialism by including forms of physicality beyond ordinary matter (e.g. spacetime, energy, forces, exotic matter), and some use the terms interchangeably.

Alternative philosophies opposed or alternative to materialism or physicalism include idealism, pluralism, dualism, solipsism, panpsychism, and other forms of monism.
Amanita rimosa
Amanita rimosa is a species of agaric fungus in the family Amanitaceae native to Hunan, first described by P. Zhang & Zhu L. Yang in 2010. Like other Phalloideae amanitas, it is lethally toxic. A distinctive feature of A. rimosa is its rimose pileus, caused by slightly gelatinized upper layer of the pileipellis, which is a rare structure among other Amanita species.

Ingestion can result in fatal liver damage due to amatoxins.

Pileus (mycology)
In mycology, the pileus (pl.: pilei) is the cap or cap-like part of a basidiocarp or ascocarp (fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium. The hymenium (hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes.

The word pileus comes from the Latin for a type of felt cap.
Ecclesiastes of Erasmus
Ecclesiastes: On the Art of Preaching (Latin: Ecclesiastes:  sive de ratione concionandi) was a 1535 book by Desiderius Erasmus.  One of the last major works he produced, Ecclesiastes focuses on the subject of effective preaching.  Previously, Erasmus had written treatises on the Christian layperson, Christian prince, and Christian educator.  Friends and admirers, including Bishop John Fisher suggested that Erasmus write on the office of the Christian priesthood.  He began writing the text in 1523, finally completing and printing Ecclesiastes in 1535.

John Fisher
John Fisher (c. 19 October 1469 – 22 June 1535) was an English Catholic prelate who served as Bishop of Rochester from 1504 to 1535 and as chancellor of the University of Cambridge. He is honoured as a martyr and saint by the Catholic Church.

Fisher was executed by order of Henry VIII during the English Reformation for refusing to accept him as Supreme Head of the Church of England and for upholding the Catholic Church's doctrine of papal supremacy and the independence of the Church from control by the State. He was named a cardinal shortly before his death.

In answer to a popular petition of English Catholics, Pope Pius XI canonized John Fisher and Thomas More on 19 May 1935 as representatives of the many Catholic martyrs of England. The two martyrs share a common feast day on 22 June in the current General Roman Calendar of the Catholic Church. His name also appears in some Anglican calendars of saints.
Maris Martinsons
Maris Martinsons (Latvian: Māris Martinsons) is a Latvian-Canadian academic who is professor of management science associated with the City University of Hong Kong, the Stockholm School of Economics, and the University of Toronto.

Martinsons has been a visiting professor at a number of universities worldwide and is based in the Asia-Pacific region. He has also served as editor for the following scholarly journals: IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, the Journal of Applied Management Studies, the Journal of Information Technology Management, the Journal of Management Systems, and the Communications of the ACM.

Stockholm School of Economics
The Stockholm School of Economics (SSE; Swedish: Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, HHS) is a private business school located in Vasastan's city district in the central part of Stockholm, Sweden. SSE offers BSc, MSc and MBA programs, along with PhD- and Executive education programs.

SSE is accredited by EQUIS and is a member of CEMS. SSE has founded sister organizations: SSE Riga in Riga, Latvia, and SSE Russia in St Petersburg and Moscow, Russia. It also operates the European Institute of Japanese Studies (Japanese, kanji: 欧州日本研究所, Japanese, romaji: Ōshū Nihon kenkyūjo), a research institute in Tokyo, Japan.
Chapman Ridge
Chapman Ridge (67°28′S 60°58′E﻿ / ﻿67.467°S 60.967°E﻿ / -67.467; 60.967) is a ridge rising to 300 metres (1,000 ft) and extending southwest for 3 nautical miles (6 km) from Byrd Head. It was discovered by the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition, 1929–1931, under Douglas Mawson, and mapped by Norwegian cartographers from aerial photographs taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–1937. It was named by the Antarctic Names Committee of Australia for the then-Australian scientist, Philip K. Chapman, auroral physicist at Mawson Station, during the International Geophysical Year, 1958. Chapman and Henry Fischer, a Swiss national, were members of the Australian National Antarctic Research Expedition (ANARE). They were the first humans to climb the ridge which they did several times. They did not take geological samples, make claims nor leave any marker.

Chapman Ridge overlooks a small melt water lake that is in the shape of a mitten, with a "lip" and moraine.

Byrd Head
Byrd Head is a conspicuous, rocky headland on the Mawson Coast 1 mi southeast of Colbeck Archipelago, just west of Howard Bay. Discovered in February 1931 by the British Australian and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE) under Douglas Mawson, who named it for R. Admiral Richard E. Byrd, U.S. Navy (USN).
London Buses route 176
London Buses route 176 is a Transport for London contracted bus route in London, England. Running between Penge and Tottenham Court Road station, it is operated by Go-Ahead London subsidiary London Central.

Go-Ahead London
Go-Ahead London is a major bus operator in Greater London and parts of Kent. The name first appeared in August 2008, before which the company had traded under separate names and brands. It is currently (as of April 2025) the largest bus operator in Greater London, operating a total of 157 bus routes mainly in South and Central London as well as some services into North and East London with a fleet size of 2,270 vehicles under contract to Transport for London. It is also the largest operator of electric buses in London, with a total of 540 electric vehicles.
2004 Cheltenham Gold Cup
The 2004 Cheltenham Gold Cup was a horse race which took place at Cheltenham on Thursday, 18 March 2004. It was the 76th running of the Cheltenham Gold Cup, and it was won by the pre-race favourite Best Mate. The winner was ridden by Jim Culloty and trained by Henrietta Knight.

With his third successive Gold Cup victory Best Mate became the fourth horse to win the race three times or more, and he was the first triple-winner since Arkle in the mid-1960s.

Henrietta Knight (racehorse trainer)
Henrietta Catherine Knight (born 15 December 1946) is an English Thoroughbred racehorse trainer. Knight is best known as a trainer of National Hunt racehorses. She trained triple Cheltenham Gold Cup winner Best Mate (2002, 2003, 2004), also winner of the 2003 King George VI Chase, and the 2000 Queen Mother Champion Chase winner Edredon Bleu, also winner of the 2003 King George VI Chase.  She retired in 2012 with over 700 winners to her name.
Ingraham Institute
Ingraham Institute is an academic institute in Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh, India. It was established in 1926.

It is one of the largest institutions of the Methodist Church in India. Ingraham has an Industrial Training Institute as well as a Polytechnic Institute and 12 schools that provide formal education up to the 12th-grade level standard. It offers lessons in both English and Hindi up to the 12th grade. The English medium is affiliated from Indian School Certificate (ISC). Hindi medium is affiliated from Uttar Pradesh State Board. The Ingraham Institute has a city branch which provides education up to the 10th standard, and it is affiliated with C.B.S.E. The school has a branch also for hearing-impaired students.

In 1919, F.M. North, an American missionary, conceived educational / vocational institutes in India to train the marginalized young people. The land for the school was purchased from Ghaziabad. A Teacher's Training School and a small dispensary was started on this land.

Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations
The Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE) is a non-governmental privately held national-level board of school education in India that conducts the Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) Examination for Class X and the Indian School Certificate (ISC) for Class XII. G. Immanuel is the current Chairman of CISCE.
Evacuate (album)
Evacuate is the second studio album released by British punk rock band Chelsea. Originally released in 1982 by Step Forward Records, it was reissued in 2008 by Captain Oi! Records.

The cover features former drummer of The Meteors Mark Robertson although he didn't actually play on the recording.

Captain Oi! Records
Captain Oi! Records is a punk rock and Oi! record label based in High Wycombe, England. The company has released over 300 albums by many notable punk and Oi! bands of the late 1970s and 1980s. The label was set up by Mark Brennan, former bassist of The Business, who had previously co-run Link Records and the Dojo subsidiary of Castle Records.  Brennan's inspiration had been Ace Records, with Captain Oi! targeted at being "the Ace Records of retro punk rock", reissuing material by classic punk bands.

The label's remit expanded with the release of newly recorded albums by bands that fitted in with the style of the label, such as Argy Bargy, and new material by some of the older punk bands including Special Duties and Cockney Rejects. Through its Captain Mod sub-imprint, the label has also reissued albums by Mod revival and 2 Tone artists originally released contemporaneously with the heyday of punk and Oi, including the Selecter, Secret Affair and The Chords.
Alfred-Maurice de Zayas
Alfred-Maurice de Zayas (born 31 May 1947) is a Cuban-born American lawyer and writer, active in the field of human rights and international law. From 1 May 2012 to 30 April 2018, he served as the first UN Independent Expert on the Promotion of a Democratic and Equitable International Order, appointed by the United Nations Human Rights Council.

UN Watch
UN Watch is a Geneva-based non-governmental organization (NGO) whose stated mission is "to monitor the performance of the United Nations by the yardstick of its own Charter". It is an accredited NGO in Special Consultative Status to the UN Economic and Social Council and an Associate NGO to the UN Department of Public Information.

UN Watch is a pro-Israel lobby group, and primarily denounces what it views as anti-Israel sentiment at the UN and UN-sponsored events. The organisation also denounces human rights abuses including in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Darfur, China, Cuba, Russia and Venezuela, often using its allotted time at the UNHRC to allow for dissidents and human rights activists to speak.
Jevgeņijs Miļevskis
Jevgeņijs Miļevskis (born 15 August 1961) is a former Latvian football striker of Jewish origin, together with Aleksandrs Starkovs he was the main goal scoring force of FK Daugava Rīga.

In 2006 Miļevskis was selected by the Latvian Football Federation as one of the 11 best Latvian footballers of the first 100 years of football in Latvia.

FC Daugava Riga
FC Daugava Riga (FK Daugava Rīga) was a Soviet and Latvian football club from Riga. It participated in the Soviet championships. Through the years, the club represented various Riga factories like the VEF, RVR and the Riga Electrical Machine Building Works (AS RER).
Eldon Nelson
Glen Eldon Nelson (January 28, 1927 - March 16, 2012) was an American jockey in the sport of Thoroughbred horse racing who competed primarily at tracks on the East Coast of the United States and who is best known for winning the 1972 Preakness Stakes.

In 1948, Eldon Nelson married Betty Rose Coffman (1930–2005) with whom he had two children.

During a career that spanned four decades, Nelson rode for some of the leading stables in the country including Henry and Jane Lunger's Christiana Stables, Isabel Dodge Sloane's Brookmeade Stable, as well as the renowned Calumet Farm. On February 28, 1949, at Hialeah Park Race Track in Hialeah, Florida, he rode Calumet's future U.S. Racing Hall of Fame colt Coaltown to a win that equalled the world record of 1:47 3/5 for a mile-and-an-eighth on dirt.

Brookmeade Stable
Brookmeade Stable was a thoroughbred horse racing stable owned by Dodge automobile heiress and socialite Isabel Dodge Sloane. Sloane first won using the name Brookmeade Stable at the Manly Memorial Steeplechase at Pimlico in 1924.

In 1929, Sloane divorced and expanded her interest in horse racing.  She purchased 850 acres (3.4 km2) in Upperville, Virginia, again using the name Brookmeade Stable.  Sloane later developed the estate into a breeding farm, Brookmeade Stud, producing several successful race horses, including Sword Dancer.
A*mazing
A*mazing is an Australian children's television game show that aired from 16 May 1994 until 1998 on the Seven Network. It was famous for a relatively large and elaborate maze/obstacle course that was part of the show's studio set. A*mazing was hosted by James Sherry for the entire run of the series. A*mazing was produced at Channel 7 in Brisbane from 1994 to 1996 and then at Channel 7 in Perth from 1997 to 1998.

Obstacle course
An obstacle course is a series of challenging physical obstacles an individual, team or animal must navigate, usually while being timed. Obstacle courses can include running, climbing, jumping, crawling, swimming, and balancing elements with the aim of testing speed, endurance and agility. Sometimes a course involves mental tests. The idea has been adapted into TV shows (such as American Ninja Warrior and Wipeout) and video games (such as Fall Guys).
Xylosandrus germanus
Xylosandrus germanus, known generally as the alnus ambrosia beetle, black timber bark beetle or black stem borer, is a species of ambrosia beetle in the family Curculionidae. X. germanus poses challenges in woody ornamental species and orchard crops such as apples and pecan. Furthermore, X. germanus is recognized or suspected to act as a vector for plant pathogens to varying extents, potentially leading to the decline of trees. The black stem borer is native to eastern Asia, but spreads as an invasive species in Europe and North America.This species carries and feeds on associated ambrosia fungus, Ambrosiella grosmanniae.

Curculionidae
The Curculionidae are a family of weevils, commonly called snout beetles or true weevils. They are one of the largest animal families with 6,800 genera and 83,000 species described worldwide. They are the sister group to the family Brentidae.

They include the bark beetles as the subfamily Scolytinae, which are modified  in shape in accordance with their wood-boring lifestyle. They do not much resemble other weevils, so they were traditionally considered a distinct family, Scolytidae. The family also includes the ambrosia beetles, of which the present-day subfamily Platypodinae was formerly considered the distinct family Platypodidae.
Bays (surname)
Bays is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Betty Bays (1931–1992), American baseball player

Carter Bays (born 1975), American television writer

Christophe Bays (born 1991), Swiss ice hockey goaltender

Daniel H. Bays (1942–2019), American historian of China

Eric Bays (born 1932), Canadian bishop

Jan Chozen Bays (born 1945), American pediatrician and Buddhist writer

Marguerite Bays (1813–1879), Swiss mystic and Roman Catholic saint

Nicolas Bays (born 1977), French politician

Randal Bays (born 1950), American musician

Steve Bays, Canadian musician, audio engineer, and producer

Eric Bays
Eric Bays is a retired Anglican bishop.

Born on 10 August 1932  and educated at the University of Manitoba and the University of Saskatchewan, he was ordained in 1959. After a curacy at All Saints’, Winnipeg he was Priest in charge at Burns Lake, and then Masset, British Columbia. Later he was Vicar of St Saviour’s, Winnipeg and then Rector of All Saints', Winnipeg and Canon of St. John's Cathedral in the same city. From 1976 he was a professor at the College of Emmanuel and St Chad, and later Vice-Principal.  In 1986 he was elected Bishop of Qu'Appelle, a post he held for 11 years.
Ronald Crutcher
Ronald Andrew Crutcher (born February 27, 1947) is an American classical musician and academic administrator. He served as president of Wheaton College from 2004 to 2014, and as professor of music and 10th president of the University of Richmond from 2015 to 2021. He is currently a senior fellow at the Aspen Institute's College Excellence Program.

Aspen Institute
The Aspen Institute is an international nonprofit organization founded in 1949 as the Aspen Institute for Humanistic Studies. It is headquartered in Washington, D.C., but also has a campus in Aspen, Colorado, its original home.

Its stated mission is to "drive change through dialogue, leadership, and action to help solve the greatest challenges of our time". The Aspen Institute’s work focuses on many sectors including business, education, communications, energy and environment, health, security and international affairs.
Spot market
The spot market or cash market is a public financial market in which financial instruments or commodities are traded for immediate delivery. It contrasts with a futures market, in which delivery is due at a later date.  In a spot market, settlement normally happens in T+2 working days, i.e., delivery of cash and commodity must be done after two working days of the trade date.  A spot market can be through an exchange or over-the-counter (OTC).  Spot markets can operate wherever the infrastructure exists to conduct the transaction.

Trade date
Trade date is the date on which a security trade occurs. A trade done very early or very late falls on the previous or following trade date.

This occurs because in the international market a trade conducted in (e.g.) Japanese equities at 3 pm in London needs to effectively be considered as the following day for Japanese stock exchange reporting requirements.

In London and the US, the settlement period from trade date is 2 days.
Christodoulos of Athens
Christodoulos (17 January 1939 – 28 January 2008) (Greek: Χριστόδουλος, born Christos Paraskevaidis, Χρήστος Παρασκευαΐδης) was Archbishop of Athens and All Greece and as such the primate of the Autocephalous Orthodox Church of Greece, from 1998 until his death, in 2008.

Holy Synod
In several of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches and Eastern Catholic Churches, the patriarch or head bishop is elected by a group of bishops called the Holy Synod. For instance, the Holy Synod is a ruling body of the Georgian Orthodox Church.

In Oriental Orthodoxy the Holy Synod is the highest authority in the church and it formulates the rules and regulations regarding matters of church organization, faith, and order of service.
Water supply and sanitation in Palestine
The water resources of Palestine are de facto fully controlled by Israel, and the division of groundwater is subject to provisions in the Oslo II Accord.

Generally, the water quality is considerably worse in the Gaza Strip when compared to the West Bank. About a third to half of the delivered water in the Palestinian territories is lost in the distribution network. The lasting blockade of the Gaza Strip and the Gaza War (2008–2009) have caused severe damage to the infrastructure in the Gaza Strip.
Concerning wastewater, the existing treatment plants do not have the capacity to treat all of the produced wastewater, causing severe water pollution. The development of the sector highly depends on external financing.

KfW
The KfW, which together with its subsidiaries DEG, KfW IPEX-Bank and FuB forms the KfW Bankengruppe ("banking group"), is a German state-owned investment and development bank, based in Frankfurt. As of 2014, it is the world's largest national development bank and as of 2018 Germany's third largest bank by balance sheet. Its name originally comes from Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau ("Credit Institute for Reconstruction"). It was formed in 1948 after World War II as part of the Marshall Plan.

According to the OECD,  Germany's total official development assistance (ODA) (USD 35 billion, preliminary data) increased in 2022 due to an increase in in-donor refugee costs and increased contributions to international organisations. It represented 0.83% of gross national income (GNI).
Herbert Jasper
Herbert Henri Jasper OC GOQ FRSC (July 27, 1906 –  March 11, 1999) was a Canadian psychologist, physiologist, neurologist, and epileptologist.

Born in La Grande, Oregon, he attended Reed College in Portland, Oregon and received his PhD in psychology from the University of Iowa in 1931 and earned a Doctor of Science degree from the University of Paris for research in neurobiology.

From 1946 to 1964 he was professor of experimental neurology at the Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University and then from 1965 to 1976 he was professor of neurophysiology, Université de Montréal. He did his most important research with Wilder Penfield at McGill University. He was a member of the American Academy of Neurology and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He was also a member of the Canadian Neurological Society and the Royal Society of Medicine. He wrote more than 350 scientific publications.

Reed College
Reed College is a private liberal arts college in Portland, Oregon, United States. Founded in 1908, Reed is a residential college with a campus in the Eastmoreland neighborhood, Tudor-Gothic style architecture, and a forested canyon nature preserve at its center. Reed alumni include 123 Fulbright Scholars, 73 Watson Fellows, and three Churchill Scholars.
Dicey Reilly
Dicey Reilly is a traditional Irish song. It tells the tale of an alcoholic woman from Dublin. There are various versions of the song with additional verses added by many artists, including one by Dominic Behan which suggests that Dicey is a sex worker, and one by Ronnie Drew in which she appears in court.

Sex worker
A sex worker is a person who provides sex work, either on a regular or occasional basis. The term is used in reference to those who work in all areas of the sex industry. According to one view, sex work is voluntary "and is seen as the commercial exchange of sex for money or goods". Thus it differs from sexual exploitation, or the forcing of a person to commit sexual acts.