hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Al-Risala al-Qushayriyya
Al-Risala al-Qushayriyya fi 'Ilm al-Tasawwuf (Arabic: الرسالة القشيرية في علم التصوف, lit. 'The Qushayriyyan Epistle on the Science of Sufism'), mostly known as al-Risala al-Qushayriyya (The Treatise of al-Qushayri), is one of the early complete manuals of the science of Sufism (tasawwuf in Arabic), written by the Shafi'i-Ash'ari scholar Abu al-Qasim al-Qushayri (d. 465/1074). It was written in 438/1045–6 and has been published in several editions and translated in various languages, including English, French, German, Persian, Turkish, and Urdu. It became the most widely disseminated handbook of Sufism in the Islamic world.

Goodreads
Goodreads is an American social cataloging website operated by Goodreads, Inc., a subsidiary of Amazon. Users can search its database of books, annotations, quotes, and reviews and expand the database by registering books to generate library catalogs and reading lists. They can also create their own groups of book suggestions, surveys, polls, blogs, and discussions. The website's offices are located in San Francisco.

Goodreads was founded in December 2006 and launched in January 2007 by Otis Chandler and Elizabeth Khuri Chandler. In December 2007, the site had 650,000 members and 10 million books had been added. By July 2012, the site reported 10 million members, 20 million monthly visits, and 30 employees. On March 28, 2013, Amazon announced its acquisition of Goodreads, and by July 23, 2013, Goodreads announced its user base had grown to 20 million members.

By September 2023, the site had more than 150 million members.
Ahatlı, Kaş
Ahatlı is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Kaş, Antalya Province, Turkey. Its population is 255 (2022). It is 175 km distant from Antalya city center and 15 km to Kaş, both important centers of tourism in Turkey.

Kaş
Kaş (Turkish pronunciation: [kaʃ]) is a small fishing, diving, yachting and tourist town, and a municipality and district of Antalya Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,750 km2, and its population is 62,866 (2022). It is 168 km west of the city of Antalya. As a tourist resort, it is relatively unspoiled.
UAAP Season 50 men's basketball tournament
The 1987 UAAP men's basketball tournament was the 50th year of the men's tournament of the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP)'s basketball championship. Hosted by Ateneo de Manila University, the Ateneo Blue Eagles defeated the UE Red Warriors in the finals taking their first UAAP men's basketball championship after transferring from the NCAA (Philippines) in 1978.

National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines)
The National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA; /ˌɛnsiː.eɪˈeɪ/ EN-see-AY-AY) is an athletic association of ten  private colleges and universities in Metro Manila, Philippines. Established in 1924, it is the oldest collegiate athletic association in the country. It is not affiliated with the NCAA of the United States, as such it is also referred to as NCAA Philippines to differentiate the two associations.
Nuštar
Nuštar (Hungarian: Berzétemonostor) is a village  and municipality in eastern Croatia, located northeast of Vinkovci and west of Vukovar, on the route D55. The population of Nuštar is 3,639, with a total of 5,772 people in the municipality, which also includes the nearby villages of Cerić and Marinci (census 2011). Nuštar is underdeveloped municipality which is statistically classified as the First Category Area of Special State Concern by the Government of Croatia.

D55 road
D55 state road in the eastern part of Croatia connects the cities and towns of Vukovar, Vinkovci, Županja to the state road network of Croatia, and most notably to the A3 motorway. The road is 48.6 km (30.2 mi) long. The route comprises some urban intersections, mostly in the city of Vinkovci.

The D55 state road intersects the Vukovar-Srijem County exactly through an area that connects the regions of Slavonia and Syrmia.

The D55, indeed like all state roads in Croatia, is managed and maintained by Hrvatske ceste, state-owned company.
The Golden Cockerel
The Golden Cockerel (Russian: Золотой петушок, romanized: Zolotoy petushok listenⓘ) is an opera in three acts, with a short prologue and an even shorter epilogue, composed by Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov, his last complete opera, before his death in 1908. Its libretto written by Vladimir Belsky, is derived from Alexander Pushkin's 1834 poem, The Tale of the Golden Cockerel. The opera was completed in 1907 and premiered in 1909, in Moscow, after the composer's death. Apart from Russia, it has often been performed in French, as Le Coq d'or.

Alain Altinoglu
Alain Altinoglu (born 9 October 1975) is a French conductor of Armenian descent, and an academic teacher. He is chief conductor of both the La Monnaie opera in Brussels and the Frankfurt Radio Symphony. He teaches at the Conservatoire de Paris. He conducted performances and recordings of rarely played operas, such as Massenet's Thérèse and Lalo's Fiesque, and of new music including Pascal Dusapin's Perelà uomo di fumo.
Article 52 of NOIF
Art.52, Norme organizzative interne della FIGC ("Article 52 of the Italian Football Federation regulations for internal organisation") governs the status of phoenix clubs of football in Italy. The article was revised in 2004, 2008, 2010, and 2014. Many Commas, or paragraphs, are present throughout the document. Comma 1 describes the article's main points, while Comma 2 forbids to sell a club sport's rights.

Italian Football Federation
The Italian Football Federation (Italian: Federazione Italiana Giuoco Calcio, pronounced [federatˈtsjoːne itaˈljaːna ˈdʒwɔːko ˈkaltʃo]; FIGC [ˌfiddʒitˈtʃi]), known colloquially as Federcalcio (pronounced [federˈkaltʃo]), is the governing body of football in Italy. It is based in Rome and the technical department is in Coverciano, Florence.

It manages and coordinates the Italian football league system. It is also responsible for appointing the management of the Italy national football team (men's), women's, and youth national football teams. The Italy national futsal team also belongs to the federation.
2019 St. Petersburg Open – Doubles
Matteo Berrettini and Fabio Fognini were the defending champions, but Fognini chose not to participate this year. Berrettini played alongside Simone Bolelli, but lost in the final to Divij Sharan and Igor Zelenay, 3–6, 6–3, [8–10].

Igor Zelenay
Igor Zelenay (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈiɡɔr ˈzelenaj]; born 10 February 1982) is a Slovak former professional tennis player who was a doubles specialist. He reached a career-high ranking of world No. 50 in July 2009. His career-high singles ranking is No. 279, achieved in August 2005. Zelanay has won one ATP Tour title and finished runner-up at four other ATP tournaments.
2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Alabama
The 2014 United States House of Representatives elections in Alabama took place on November 4, 2014. Voters elected the 7 U.S. representatives from the state of Alabama. The elections coincided with the elections of other offices, including the Governor of Alabama.

Primary elections were held on June 3, 2014. Primary runoffs, necessary if no candidate won a majority of the vote, were held on July 15.

Martha Roby
Martha Kehres Roby (/ˈroʊbi/ ROH-bee; née Dubina; born July 26, 1976) is an American lawyer and politician who served as the U.S. representative for Alabama's 2nd congressional district from 2011 to 2021. A member of the Republican Party, she defeated the incumbent Democratic U.S. representative Bobby Bright in 2010. That year, Roby and Terri Sewell became the first women elected to Congress from Alabama in regular elections. On July 26, 2019, Roby announced she would retire from Congress at the end of her fifth term, which ended in 2021.
Clairegoutte (river)
The Clairegoutte (French pronunciation: [klɛʁɡut]) is a 6.7 km river in the Haute-Saône department in the Franche-Comté region of eastern France. It arises near Clairegoutte and flows generally west to join the Rognon in Lyoffans.

Haute-Saône
Haute-Saône (French: [ot soːn] ⓘ; Frainc-Comtou: Hâte-Saône; English: Upper Saône) is a department in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region of northeastern France. Named after the river Saône, it had a population of 235,313 in 2019. Its prefecture is Vesoul; its sole subprefecture is Lure.
Kleidi Cave
Klithi or Kleidi Cave (Greek: Σπήλαιο Κλειδί, Spelaio Kleidi) is located to the north of the village of Kleidonia in the Ioannina regional unit and around 500 m (1,600 ft) west of the Megalakkos Cave, northwestern Greece. It is situated atop the northern bank of the Voidomatis river valley.

Ioannina (regional unit)
Ioannina (Greek: Περιφερειακή ενότητα Ιωαννίνων) is one of the regional units of Greece, located in the northwestern part of the country.

It is part of the region of Epirus. Its capital is the city of Ioannina. It is the largest regional unit in Epirus, and one of the largest regional units of Greece, with a population of 160,773 people, according to the 2021 census.
2020 in reptile paleontology
Paleontology portal

History of science portal

Dinosaurs portal

This list of fossil reptiles described in 2020 is a list of new taxa of fossil reptiles that were described during the year 2020, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to reptile paleontology that occurred in 2020.

Choristodera
Choristodera (from the Greek χωριστός chōristos + δέρη dérē, 'separated neck') is an extinct order of semiaquatic diapsid reptiles that ranged from the Middle Jurassic, or possibly Triassic, to the Miocene (168 to 20 or possibly 11.6 million years ago). Choristoderes are morphologically diverse, with the best known members being the crocodile-like neochoristoderes such as Champsosaurus. Other choristoderans had lizard-like or long necked morphologies. Choristoderes appear to have been confined to the Northern Hemisphere, having been found in North America, Asia, and Europe, and possibly also North Africa. Choristoderes are generally thought to be derived neodiapsids that are close relatives or members of Sauria.
Michael Kibbe
Michael Kibbe (born 1945) is an American contemporary classical music composer born in San Diego, California. He has composed over 240 concert works and created numerous arrangements. His writing covers many musical styles, encompassing tonal, modal and non-diatonic languages. His style typically incorporates modern structures, but in a way that is still accessible to all kinds of classical listeners. There are influences of American composer Gershwin in the Serenade Number 2 for two clarinets that seem at once blues, jazz and classical. Some of his writings have been compared to work by Prokofiev.

Contemporary classical music
Contemporary classical music is Western art music composed close to the present day. At the beginning of the 21st century, it commonly referred to the post-1945 post-tonal music after the death of Anton Webern, and included serial music, electronic music, experimental music, and minimalist music. Newer forms of music include spectral music and post-minimalism.
Aleksandr Khoroshilov
Aleksandr Viktorovich Khoroshilov (Russian: Александр Викторович Хорошилов; born 16 February 1984) is a Russian World Cup alpine ski racer and specializes in slalom. He gained his first victory in 2015 in the slalom at Schladming and became the first Russian male to win a World Cup race in 34 years since Aleksandr Zhirov of the Soviet Union in 1981.

2014–15 FIS Alpine Ski World Cup
The 49th World Cup season began on 25 October 2014, in Sölden, Austria, and concluded on 22 March 2015 at the World Cup finals in Meribel, France. The defending overall champions from the 2014 season - Marcel Hirscher and Anna Fenninger, both of Austria, defended their titles successfully. The season was  interrupted by the World Championships in February, in the United States at Vail/Beaver Creek, Colorado. Combined events were not awarded as a discipline trophy.
Semi-Detached (play)
Semi-Detached is a play written by David Turner. It premiered at the Belgrade Theatre, Coventry in June 1962 with Leonard Rossiter in the lead role, the production was directed by Tony Richardson. In 1964, the BBC recorded a radio adaptation starring Rossiter, rebroadcast in 2016 in its series Repertory in Britain.
The Belgrade Theatre  production transferred to London, still directed by Richardson, but with Laurence Olivier (replacing Rossiter), Eileen Atkins, John Thaw, James Bolam (replacing Ian McKellen) and Mona Washbourne. The play reached Broadway in New York for a season in 1963 and a film version All the Way Up (1970), directed by James MacTaggart, starred Warren Mitchell. The play was revived at the Chichester Festival in 1999.

Mona Washbourne
Mona Lee Washbourne (27 November 1903 – 15 November 1988) was an English actress of stage, film, and television. Her most critically acclaimed role was in the film Stevie (1978), late in her career, for which she was nominated for a Golden Globe Award and a BAFTA Award. She had, in 1977, won the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for her performance in the play it was based on.
Castle Berg (Stuttgart)
Castle Berg is a ruined water castle situated around 210 m (690 ft) above Sea level in the Nesenbach valley on the grounds of the Berg mineral spa in the Berg district of Baden-Württemberg's state capitol of Stuttgart, Germany.

The castle was built by the Lords von Berg during the 12th century and had already been destroyed in 1287. The foundations were unearthed in 1856 during construction of the spa's spring water bathhouses. The excavated foundations belonged to a residence tower with a square base with a side length of 10.5 m (34.45 ft) and a wall thickness of 3 m (9.84 ft).

Tower house
A tower house is a particular type of stone structure, built for defensive purposes as well as habitation. Tower houses began to appear in the Middle Ages, especially in mountainous or limited access areas, to command and defend strategic points with reduced forces. At the same time, they were also used as an aristocrat's residence, around which a castle town was often constructed.
Igor Stasevich
Igor Nikolayevich Stasevich (Belarusian: Ігар Мікалаевіч Стасевіч; Russian: Игорь Николаевич Стасевич; born 21 October 1985) is a Belarusian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Atyrau.

Belarusian Super Cup
The Belarusian Super Cup (Belarusian: Суперкубак Беларусі, romanized: Superkubak Belarusi) is an annual one-match association football competition in Belarus organized by the Football Federation of Belarus. This competition serves as the season opener and is played between the Belarusian Premier League Champions and the Belarusian Cup Winners of the previous season. If a single team holds both titles, the Cup runners-up are invited. The match usually played in late February or early March each year.
South Wolf Island
South Wolf Island is the largest of a small group of uninhabited islands called the Wolf Islands off of the east coast of Labrador.  The group stretches 4.5 km from north to south.

South Wolf Island is in the centre of the group and has a high flat range with a conical boulder at the summit, at 94.8 m. Its south end has a cove which can provide shelter to small vessels.

Cove
A cove is a small bay or coastal inlet. They usually have narrow, restricted entrances, are often circular or oval, and are often situated within a larger bay. Small, narrow, sheltered bays, inlets, tidal creeks, or recesses in a coast are often considered coves.

Colloquially, the term can be used to describe a sheltered bay. Geomorphology describes coves as precipitously walled and rounded cirque-like openings like a valley extending into or down a mountainside, or in a hollow or nook of a cliff or steep mountainside. A cove can also refer to a corner, nook, or cranny, either in a river, road, or wall, especially where the wall meets the floor.
Canton of Marches du Sud-Quercy
The canton of Marches du Sud-Quercy is an administrative division of the Lot department, southern France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Castelnau-Montratier.

It consists of the following communes:

Lot (department)
Lot (French pronunciation: [lɔt]; Occitan: Òlt [ɔl]) is a department in the Occitanie region of France. Named after the Lot River, it lies in the southwestern part of the country and had a population of 174,094 in 2019. Its prefecture is Cahors; its subprefectures are Figeac and Gourdon.
Martin Spanberg
Martin Spanberg (Russian: Мартын Петрович Шпанберг, romanized: Martyn Petrovich Shpanberg; died 1761) was a Danish-born Russian naval officer who took part with his compatriot Vitus Bering in both Kamchatka expeditions as second in command. He is best known for finding a sea route to Japan from Russian territory and for exploring the Kuril Islands. Shikotan, one of the Kurils, was renamed in his honor by the Russians in 1796.

Sea lane
A sea lane, sea road or shipping lane is a regularly used navigable route for large water vessels (ships) on wide waterways such as oceans and large lakes, and is preferably safe, direct and economic. During the Age of Sail, they were determined by the distribution of land masses but also by the prevailing winds, whose discovery was crucial for the success of long maritime voyages.  Sea lanes are very important for seaborne trade.
VV Staphorst
Voetbalvereniging Staphorst is a Dutch football club based in the town of Staphorst, in the province of Overijssel. Founded in 1959, the club competes in the Derde Divisie, the fourth tier of the Dutch football league system.

Staphorst play their home matches at Sportpark Het Noorderslag and traditionally wear yellow and blue. While primarily an amateur club, they have been regular participants in the national KNVB Cup and are known for a strong regional following.

Derde Divisie
The Derde Divisie (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdɛrdə diˈvizi]; English: Third Division), formerly known as Topklasse (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈtɔpklɑsə]; English: Top Class), is the fourth tier of football in the Netherlands, which had its inaugural season as a third tier in 2010–11 and as a fourth tier in 2016–17. The league is placed between the Tweede Divisie and the Vierde Divisie (formerly Hoofdklasse), the third and fifth tiers of Dutch football, respectively. The introduction of the then Topklasse resulted from discussions between the Royal Dutch Football Association, the Coöperatie Eerste Divisie (the clubs in the Eerste Divisie) and the Centraal Overleg Hoofdklassers (the clubs in the Hoofdklasse).
Scotscalder
Scots Calder is an area within Halkirk, Northern Scotland.  It is served by Scotscalder railway station which is operated by ScotRail. The B870 runs directly through the centre with Achagie and Thurso to the north and Olgrinmore and Westerdale to the south.  It is operated under the Highland Authority.  A small car park, with 2 spaces, can be found at Scotscalder railway station that is open, free, 24 hours a day. There are no bus services operating from Scotscalder however a short walk or train journey can take you to local travel services.

ScotRail
ScotRail Trains Limited, trading as ScotRail (Scottish Gaelic: Rèile na h-Alba), is a Scottish train operating company that is publicly owned by Scottish Rail Holdings on behalf of the Scottish Government. It has been operating the ScotRail franchise as an operator of last resort since 1 April 2022.
Maryland House of Delegates District 2A
Maryland House of Delegates District 2A is one of the 67 districts that compose the Maryland House of Delegates. Along with subdistrict 2B, it makes up the 2nd district of the Maryland Senate. District 2A includes part of Washington County, and is represented by two delegates.

Washington County, Maryland
Washington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maryland. The population was 154,705 as of the 2020 census. Its county seat and largest city is Hagerstown. The county is part of the Western Maryland region of the state.

Washington County was the first county in the United States to be named for the Revolutionary War general (and later President) George Washington. Washington County is one of three Maryland counties recognized by the Appalachian Regional Commission as being part of Appalachia. The county borders southern Pennsylvania to the north, Northern Virginia to the south, and the Martinsburg Panhandle of West Virginia to the south and west. Washington County is included in the Hagerstown metropolitan area, which is also included in the Washington metropolitan area.
Zeta Capricorni
Zeta Capricorni is a binary star system in the southern constellation of Capricornus. Its name is a Bayer designation that is Latinized from ζ Capricorni, and abbreviated Zeta Cap or ζ Cap. This star is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 3.77. The system is located at a distance of approximately 386 light-years from the Sun based on parallax. It is drifting further away with a radial velocity of +2 km/s. The absolute magnitude of this system is −1.59.

Naked eye
Naked eye, also called bare eye or unaided eye, is the practice of engaging in visual perception unaided by a magnifying, light-collecting optical instrument, such as a telescope or microscope, or eye protection.

In astronomy, the naked eye may be used to observe celestial events and objects visible without equipment, such as conjunctions, passing comets, meteor showers, and the brightest asteroids, including 4 Vesta. Sky lore and various tests demonstrate an impressive variety of phenomena visible to the unaided eye.
1967 Philippine House of Representatives special elections
Five special elections (known as "by-elections" elsewhere) to the House of Representatives of the Philippines, the lower house of the Congress of the Philippines, were held on November 14, 1967, along with the 1967 Philippine Senate election and the 1967 Philippine constitutional plebiscite. These were for vacancies in the 6th Congress of the Philippines; the winners were to serve the rest of the term, which had ended on December 30, 1969. Political parties were allowed to field multiple candidates per district; the Nacionalista Party won in all districts, mirroring their victory in the Senate election where they won six of the eight seats up.

These were the last special elections until the proclamation of martial law by president Ferdinand Marcos in 1972. The next such special elections are to be in 1993, or seven years after Marcos was overthrown after the People Power Revolution.

Proclamation No. 1081
Proclamation No. 1081 was the document which contained formal proclamation of martial law in the Philippines by President Ferdinand Marcos, as announced to the public on September 23, 1972.

The proclamation marked the onset of a 14-year period of authoritarian rule, which would include eight years of Martial Law (de jure ending on January 17, 1981, through Proclamation No. 2045), but not de facto: followed by five more years where Marcos retained essentially all of his powers as dictator.

Marcos was eventually ousted on February 25, 1986, as a result of the EDSA People Power Revolution.