hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wobbler disease
Wobbler disease is a catchall term referring to several possible malformations of the cervical vertebrae that cause an unsteady (wobbly) gait and weakness in dogs and horses. A number of different conditions of the cervical (neck) spinal column cause similar clinical signs. These conditions may include malformation of the vertebrae, intervertebral disc protrusion, and disease of the interspinal ligaments, ligamenta flava, and articular facets of the vertebrae. Wobbler disease is also known as cervical vertebral instability (CVI), cervical spondylomyelopathy (CSM), and cervical vertebral malformation (CVM). In dogs, the disease is most common in large breeds, especially Great Danes and Doberman Pinschers. In horses, it is not linked to a particular breed, though it is most often seen in tall, race-bred horses of Thoroughbred or Standardbred ancestry. It is most likely inherited to at least some extent in dogs and horses.

Ligamenta flava
The ligamenta flava (sg.: ligamentum flavum, Latin for yellow ligament) are a series of ligaments that connect the ventral parts of the laminae of adjacent vertebrae. They help to preserve upright posture, preventing hyperflexion, and ensuring that the vertebral column straightens after flexion. Hypertrophy can cause spinal stenosis.

They appear yellowish in colour due to their high elastic fibre content.
Luděk Stracený
Luděk Stracený (born 19 April 1977, in Prague) is a Czech former professional football player. He signed for FBK Kaunas in February 2006 and immediately joined Scottish side Heart of Midlothian on loan. He returned to the Czech Republic, signing for FK Viktoria Žižkov in October 2006, when he scored on his debut against Jakubčovice.

FK Viktoria Žižkov
FK Viktoria Žižkov is a Czech professional football club from the district of Žižkov in Prague. The club competes in the Czech National Football League, the second tier of football in the country. It won the Czechoslovak First League title in the 1927–28 season, and has also won two editions of the Czech Cup.
1996–97 First League of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Statistics of First League of Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 1996–97 season.  It was contested only by Bosniak clubs.  Serbian clubs played in the 1996–97 First League of the Republika Srpska and the Croatian clubs in the 1996–97 First League of Herzeg-Bosnia.

First League of Herzeg-Bosnia
The First League of Herzeg-Bosnia (Croatian: Prva liga Herceg-Bosne) served as the top football league in Croatian Republic of Herzeg-Bosnia during the Bosnian War and post-war periods of the 1990s. During these years, football was divided along ethnic lines, with the Croat, Bosniak and Serb populations each running their own league. Because Bosniaks were the only group interested in a distinctly Bosnian-Herzegovinian league and national team, only their league was recognized by the Football Association of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The league formed in 1993. In the 1997/1998 season, the top Croat teams began facing the top Bosniak teams for entrance to UEFA tournaments, something that had been denied the Herzeg-Bosnia league on its own. This setup lasted until the 2000/2001 season when the two leagues merged to form the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Richard Bowers (cricketer)
Richard Brian Bowers (born 16 June 1976) is an English cricketer.  Bowers is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium-fast.  He was born in Redhill, Surrey.

Mansfield represented the Surrey Cricket Board in List A cricket.  His debut List A match came against Surrey in the 2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy.  From 2001 to 2002, he represented the Board in 4 List A matches, the last of which came against the Essex Cricket Board in the 2nd round of the 2003 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy which was held in 2002. In his 4 List A matches, he took 6 wickets at a bowling average of 24.83, with best figures of 3/50.

2001 Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy
The 2001 Cheltenham and Gloucester Trophy was an English limited overs county cricket tournament which was held between 1 May and 1 September 2001. It was the first Cheltenham & Gloucester Trophy following its change of name from the NatWest Trophy, with new sponsors Cheltenham & Gloucester plc.  The tournament was won by Somerset who defeated Leicesterhire by 41 runs in the final at Lord's.
Annemieke
Annemieke (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɑnəˈmikə] ⓘ) or Annemiek (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɑnəˈmik] ⓘ) is a Dutch feminine given name. Like Annemarie, it is a combination of the names Anna and Maria, via the hypocorism Mieke.

Hypocorism
A hypocorism (/haɪˈpɒkərɪzəm/ hy-POK-ər-iz-əm or /ˌhaɪpəˈkɒrɪzəm/ HY-pə-KORR-iz-əm; from Ancient Greek ὑποκόρισμα hypokórisma; sometimes also hypocoristic), or pet name, is a name used to show affection for a person. It may be a diminutive form of a person's name, such as Izzy for Isabel or Bob for Robert, or it may be unrelated.
Order of the Montenegrin Grand Star
Order of the Montenegrin Grand Star (Montenegrin: Orden Crnogorske velike zvijezde) is the second highest state order of Montenegro.
The order is awarded by the President of Montenegro.

It is awarded for special merits in developing and strengthening cooperation and friendly relations between the Republic of Montenegro and other countries and international organizations and for contributing to the international reputation and influence of Montenegro.

Order (distinction)
An order is a visible honour awarded by a sovereign state, monarch, dynastic house or organisation to a person, typically in recognition of individual merit, that often comes with distinctive insignia such as collars, medals, badges, and sashes worn by recipients.

Modern honour systems of state orders and dynastic orders emerged from the culture of  orders of chivalry of the Middle Ages, which in turn emerged from the Catholic religious orders.
Paradesi (soundtrack)
Paradesi is the soundtrack album to the 2012 film of the same name directed by Bala, starring Atharvaa, Vedhika and Dhansika. The film's soundtrack consisted of five songs composed by G. V. Prakash Kumar with lyrics written by Vairamuthu. The soundtrack was released under the Gemini Audio label on 25 November 2012 and received acclaim from critics.

G. V. Prakash Kumar
G. V. Prakash Kumar (born 13 June 1987) is an Indian music composer, playback singer, actor, and film producer who works mainly in Tamil cinema.

He made his debut as a composer with S Pictures' Veyil (2006), and rose to prominence in the early 2010s. He made his acting debut in 2015 with Darling. He has won two National Film Awards, three Filmfare Awards, and three SIIMA Awards.
2003 Bavarian Cup
The 2003 Bavarian Cup was the sixth edition of this competition which was started in 1998. It ended with the TSV Aindling winning the competition. Together with the finalist, TSV Gerbrunn, both clubs were qualified for the DFB Cup 2003-04.

The competition is open to all senior men's football teams playing within the Bavarian football league system and the Bavarian clubs in the Regionalliga Süd (III).

Regionalliga Süd (1994–2012)
The Regionalliga Süd (English: Regional League South) was the fourth tier of the German football league system from 2008 to 2012. Until the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008, it was the third tier. It was the highest regional league for the southern part of Germany. It covered the states of Bavaria, Hesse and Baden-Württemberg and was one of three leagues at this level, together with the Regionalliga Nord and the Regionalliga West.

The league was disbanded at the end of the 2011–12 season, with the Bavarian clubs joining the new Regionalliga Bayern while the others joined the clubs from the southwest of Germany to form the new Regionalliga Südwest.

From 1963 to 1974, a Regionalliga Süd existed as the second tier of the German football league system, but this league is not directly related to the current one.
Anton Saefkow
Anton Emil Hermann Saefkow (German: [ˈantoːn ˈzɛfkoː] ⓘ; 22 July 1903 – 18 September 1944) was a German Communist and a resistance fighter against the Nazi régime. He was arrested in July 1944 and executed on 18 September by guillotine.

Brandenburg an der Havel
Brandenburg an der Havel (German pronunciation: [ˈbʁandn̩bʊʁk ʔan deːɐ̯ ˈhaːfl̩] ⓘ) is a town in Brandenburg, Germany, which served as the capital of the Margraviate of Brandenburg until it was replaced by Berlin in 1417.

With a population of 72,040 (as of 2020), it is located on the banks of the River Havel. The town of Brandenburg provided the name for the medieval Bishopric of Brandenburg, the Margraviate of Brandenburg and the current state of Brandenburg. Today, it is a small town compared to nearby Berlin but was the original nucleus of the former realms of Brandenburg and Prussia.
Kamitono Station
Kamitono Station (上殿駅, Kamitono-eki) is a former JR West Kabe Line station located in Togouchi, Yamagata District, Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. It closed on December 1, 2003, when operation of the line was discontinued/suspended between Kabe Station and Sandankyō Station.

Yamagata District, Hiroshima
Yamagata (山県郡, Yamagata-gun) is a district located in northwestern Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the district has an estimated population of 29,978 and a density of 30.34 persons per km2. The total area is 988.11 km2.

Atomic bomb survivor Toshiyuki Mimaki lives in Yamagata district.
Vivid TV (Europe)
Vivid TV is a British English language Category B pay TV adult entertainment television channel consisting of primarily softcore adult content in the form of films, documentaries, reality shows, and variety shows, among others, between 6:00am to 11:00pm EST, while hardcore content, primarily from Vivid Entertainment, fills the remainder of the schedule. The channel is owned by Redlight TV

The channel also planned to launch in Austria.

Hardcore pornography
Hardcore pornography or hardcore porn is pornography that features detailed depictions of sexual organs or sexual acts such as vaginal, anal, oral, or manual intercourse; ejaculation; or fetish play. The term is in contrast with less-explicit softcore pornography. Hardcore pornography usually takes the form of magazines, photographs, films, and cartoons. Since the mid-1990s, hardcore pornography has become widely available on the internet, much of it without cost, making it more accessible than ever before.
Personal Flight Sky-Tender
The Personal Flight Sky-Tender is an American ultralight trike flying boat that was designed and produced by Personal Flight of Chelan, Washington. Production is complete and the aircraft is no longer available.

Rotax 582
The Rotax 582 is a 48 kW (64 hp) two-stroke, two-cylinder, rotary intake valve, oil-in-fuel or oil injection pump, liquid-cooled, gear reduction-drive aircraft engine manufactured by BRP-Rotax GmbH & Co. KG. It is for use in non-certified aircraft operating in day visual flight rules.

Production of the engine ended at the end of 2021.
Seattle Women's Chorus
Seattle Women's Chorus (SWC) is a community chorus based in Seattle, Washington. Founded in 2002, the group is the largest LGBTQ-identified women's chorus in the world. SWC is a member of the Gay and Lesbian Association of Choruses (GALA Choruses) and Chorus America. Both Seattle Women's Chorus and Seattle Men's Chorus are governed by the same non-profit organization, Flying House Productions. Combined, they are the largest community chorus in North America.

SWC has been led by conductor and artistic director, Paul Caldwell, since 2016. In 2019, Nikki Blackmer was named Assistant Conductor.

Women's choir
A women's choir or women's chorus is a choir formed exclusively by women. If all singers are young, it is called a girls' choir. The voice types are usually soprano and alto, SSAA. The names are also used for music especially composed for such groups.
Microsoft Edge
Microsoft Edge is a proprietary cross-platform web browser created by Microsoft and based on the Chromium open-source project, superseding Edge Legacy. In Windows 11, Edge is the only browser available from Microsoft. However, a bypass is available to open Internet Explorer.

First made available only for Android and iOS in 2017, in late 2018, Microsoft announced it would completely rebuild Edge as a Chromium-based browser with Blink and V8 engines, which allowed the browser to be ported from Windows 10 to macOS and Linux. The new Edge was publicly released in January 2020, and on Xbox as well as Linux in 2021. Edge was also available on Windows 7 and 8/8.1 until early 2023.

By 2022, Edge was used by 11% of PCs worldwide. In February 2023, according to StatCounter, Microsoft Edge became the third most popular browser in the world, behind Safari and Chrome, while as of January 2025, Edge is second most popular PC/desktop web browser with Safari sliding to 3rd place.

StatCounter
StatCounter is a web traffic analysis website started in 1999. Access to basic services is free to use and advanced services can cost between US$5 and US$119 a month. StatCounter is based in Dublin, Ireland. The statistics from StatCounter are used to compute web usage share for example. As of May 2019, StatCounter is used on 0.9% of all websites.

StatCounter statistics are directly derived from hits—as opposed to unique visitors—from 3 million sites, which use StatCounter, resulting in total hits of more than 15 billion per month. No artificial weightings are used to correct for sampling bias, thus the numbers in the statistics can not be considered to be representative samples.

The company was founded by Aodhán Cullen at the age of 16. Cullen received the "Internet Hero" award at the 2008 Eircom Golden Spider Awards. He was also named the 2007 BusinessWeek "Young European Entrepreneur of the Year".
Joseph Palmer (communard)
Joseph Michael Palmer (1789 – October 30, 1873) was an American bearded man, who faced persecution for wearing a beard. A prominent Transcendentalist and abolitionist, Palmer was a member of the Fruitlands commune and an associate of Louisa May Alcott.

Persecution
Persecution is the systematic mistreatment of an individual or group by another individual or group. The most common forms are religious persecution, racism, and political persecution, though there is naturally some overlap between these terms. The inflicting of suffering, harassment, imprisonment, internment, fear or pain are all factors that may establish persecution, but not all suffering will necessarily establish persecution. The threshold of severity has been a topic of much debate.
Belgium national youth football team
The Belgium national youth football teams are a group of four teams that represents Belgium in association football at various specific age levels, ranging from under-17 to under-21. All of the teams are controlled by Royal Belgian Football Association, the governing body for football in Belgium.

The four teams are the following:

Belgium national under-21 football team

Belgium national under-19 football team

Belgium national under-18 football team

Belgium national under-17 football team

Royal Belgian Football Association
The Royal Belgian Football Association (RBFA; Dutch: Koninklijke Belgische Voetbalbond; French: Union royale belge des sociétés de football association; German: Königlicher Belgischer Fußballverband) is the governing body of football in Belgium. It was a founding member of FIFA in 1904 and UEFA in 1954 and was based in Brussels, not far from the King Baudouin Stadium. Since October 2021, the headquarters of the RBFA are located in Tubize, next to its technical centre. Its chairman is Robert Huygens.
Hawkesbury Island
Hawkesbury Island is an island in British Columbia, Canada. It is located in Douglas Channel, one of the major fjords of the British Columbia Coast.  Hawkesbury is 43 kilometres (27 mi) long and ranges in width from 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) to 19 kilometres (12 mi). It covers an area of 365 square kilometres (141 sq mi).

Hawkesbury Island was named by George Vancouver for Charles Jenkinson, Baron Hawkesbury, President of the Board of Trade 1786–1804.

Charles Jenkinson, 1st Earl of Liverpool
Charles Jenkinson, 1st Earl of Liverpool (26 April 1729 – 17 December 1808), known as Lord Hawkesbury between 1786 and 1796, was a British statesman. He was the father of Prime Minister Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool.
Margarita, Armando y su padre
Margarita, Armando y su padre is a 1939  Argentine romantic comedy film directed by Francisco Múgica during the Golden Age of Argentine cinema. The film is based a play by Enrique Jardiel Poncela who himself adapted the film for the silver screen. The film premiered in Buenos Aires and starred Mecha Ortiz and Pedro Quartucci.
Production design of the film was performed by Ricardo J. Conord.

Francisco Múgica
Francisco Múgica (10 April 1907 – 1985) was an Argentine film director, film editor and cinematographer notable for his work during the classical era of Argentine cinema. He was born and died in Buenos Aires.

Múgica initially began his career in film as a cinematographer in the mid-1930s but by 1939 he had become a film director directing his first film El Solterón early that year followed by the highly successful comedy Así es la vida. He directed some 25 films including the 1942 film Adolescencia. He retired from film in 1962.
Friedman
Friedman, Friedmann, and Freedman are surnames of German origin, and from the 17th century were also adopted by Ashkenazi Jews (see Jewish surnames). It is the 9th most common surname in Israel (8th among Jews) and most common exclusively Ashkenazi name. Notable people with these surnames include:

Elizebeth Smith Friedman
Elizebeth Smith Friedman (August 26, 1892 – October 31, 1980) was an American cryptanalyst and author who deciphered enemy codes in both World Wars and helped to solve international smuggling cases during Prohibition. Over the course of her career, she worked for the United States Treasury, Coast Guard, Navy and Army, and the International Monetary Fund. She has been called "America's first female cryptanalyst".
David Phillips (gymnast)
David Brad Phillips (born 28 October 1977) is a former New Zealand gymnast. He won a bronze medal at the 1998 Commonwealth Games in the men's floor exercise.

He competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics in several events.

New Zealand at the 1998 Commonwealth Games
New Zealand at the 1998 Commonwealth Games was represented by a team of 217 competitors and 80 officials. Selection of the team for the Games in Kuala Lumpur, was the responsibility of the New Zealand Olympic Committee. New Zealand's flagbearer at the opening ceremony was cyclist Graeme Miller, and at the closing ceremony was weightlifter Darren Liddel. The New Zealand team finished sixth on the medal table, winning a total of 34 medals, 8 of which were gold.

New Zealand has competed in every games, starting with the British Empire Games in 1930 at Hamilton, Ontario.
Sahachiro Hata
Sahachirō Hata (秦 佐八郎, Hata Sahachirō; March 23, 1873 – November 22, 1938) was a prominent Japanese bacteriologist who researched the bubonic plague under Kitasato Shibasaburō and assisted in developing the antisyphilitic drug arsphenamine in 1909 in the laboratory of Paul Ehrlich.

Hata received three unsuccessful nominations for the Nobel Prize, one from Swiss surgeon Emil Kocher for Chemistry in 1911 and two by Japanese colleagues Hayazo Ito and G Osawa for Physiology or Medicine in 1912 and 1913, respectively.

Bacteriologist
A bacteriologist is a microbiologist, or similarly trained professional, in bacteriology— a subdivision of microbiology that studies bacteria, typically pathogenic ones. Bacteriologists are interested in studying and learning about bacteria, as well as using their skills in clinical settings. This includes investigating properties of bacteria such as morphology, ecology, genetics and biochemistry, phylogenetics, genomics and many other areas related to bacteria like disease diagnostic testing. Alongside human and animal healthcare providers, they may carry out various functions as medical scientists, veterinary scientists, pathologists, or diagnostic technicians in locations like clinics, blood banks, hospitals, laboratories and animal hospitals. Bacteriologists working in public health or biomedical research help develop vaccines for public use as well as public health guidelines for restaurants and businesses.
Jack Heath
Jack Heath is an Australian writer of fiction for children and adults who is best known for the Danger, Scream, Liars and Timothy Blake series. He has been shortlisted for the ACT Book of the Year Award, CBCA Notable Book Award, Nottinghamshire Brilliant Book Award, the Aurealis Sci-Fi book of the Year, the National Year of Reading "Our Story" Collection, a Young Australians Best Book Award, a Kids Own Australian Literature Award and the Australian of the Year Award. He lives in Gungahlin, Canberra.

Australian of the Year
The Australian of the Year is a national award conferred on an Australian citizen by the National Australia Day Council, a not-for-profit Australian Government-owned social enterprise. Similar awards are also conferred at the state and territory level.
Bill Bishop (American football)
William Eugene Bishop (May 8, 1931 – May 14, 1998) was an American professional football player who was a defensive lineman for 10 seasons in the National Football League (NFL).

A former United States Air Force member, he played college football for the North Texas State Eagles from 1949 to 1951. Much of his pro career was spent with the Chicago Bears; although he was selected by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the 1952 NFL draft, he was traded to Chicago shortly after. He spent nine seasons with the Bears, remaining close with his teammates but frequently clashing with coach George Halas for salary reasons; in 1960, Bishop remarked, "Halas brainwashes you so much you don't want to play with anybody else; it's like playing for the New York Yankees." Bishop later became team captain of the inaugural Minnesota Vikings in 1961.

In the early 1970s, he coached the Winfield Giants Pop Warner team in Winfield, Illinois.

Pop Warner Little Scholars
Pop Warner Little Scholars, commonly known simply as Pop Warner,  is a nonprofit organization that provides activities such as American football, for over 425,000 youths aged 5 to 16 years old, in several nations. It is the largest youth football organization in the United States.

Its headquarters are in Langhorne, Pennsylvania. Pop Warner Little Scholars is named after football coach Pop Warner, who heavily contributed to the organization in its early years.
Isaac Chong Wai
Isaac Chong Wai (Chinese 莊偉) is a Hong Kong-Berlin artist. He uses video, installation, drawing, photography, and performance as his main mediums. In 2024, he is a participating artist at the Venice Biennale curated by Adriano Pedrosa.

60th Venice Biennale
The 60th Venice Biennale was an international contemporary art exhibition held between April and November 2024 with the theme Foreigners Everywhere curated by Adriano Pedrosa as the artistic director. In addition, 88 countries contributed national pavilions.