hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1885 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1885.

Residue (chemistry)
In chemistry, residue is whatever remains or acts as a contaminant after a given class of events. Residue may be the material remaining after a process of preparation, separation, or purification, such as distillation, evaporation, or filtration. It may also denote the undesired by-products of a chemical reaction.

Residues as an undesired by-product are a concern in agricultural and food industries.
Thomas Otterbein
Thomas G. Otterbein is a retired captain of the United States Navy.  A naval aviator, he held important aviation-related commands both at sea and on shore, including a stint as Executive Officer and acting Commanding Officer of the Navy Fighter Weapons School (TOPGUN).

United States Navy Strike Fighter Tactics Instructor program
The United States Navy Strike Fighter Tactics Instructor program (SFTI program), more popularly known as Top Gun (stylized as TOPGUN), is a United States Navy training program that teaches air combat maneuvering tactics and techniques to selected naval aviators and naval flight officers, who return to their operating units as surrogate instructors.

The program began as the United States Navy Fighter Weapons School, established on 3 March 1969, at the former Naval Air Station Miramar in San Diego, California. In 1996, the school was merged into the Naval Strike and Air Warfare Center at Naval Air Station Fallon, Nevada.
José Ramón Carrillo
Jose Ramon Carrillo (February 12, 1821 -- May 21, 1864) was a Californio landowner, majordomo for the Rains family's many land holdings, and took a responsibility in the Temecula massacre. He also fought in the Battle of Chino, on the side of a Mexican militia led by Jose del Carmen Lugo.

He was well known for resisting the American rule of the Alta California, which he viewed as a cause to support the Mexican rule.

During the Mexican–American War, he took a part in the Temecula massacre, by being called to support Chief Juan Antonio and Jose del Carmen Lugo, who also led the militia to execute the tribal leaders leading Luiseño Natives.

He later peacefully died in his adobe home, which he built in 1857.

Temecula massacre
The Temecula Massacre, also called the Battle of Temecula took place in December 1846 near the Vail Lake east of present-day Temecula, California, United States. It was part of a series of related events in the Mexican–American War.  A combined force of Californio militia and Cahuilla Indians attacked and killed an estimated 33 to 40 Luiseño Indians. The Mexican authorities in California took military action in retaliation for the Indians' killing 11 Californio lancers, in what was called the Pauma Massacre.
Ramona Pérez
Ramona L. Pérez is an American cultural anthropologist specializing in Latin American studies, medical anthropology, and migration. She is a Professor of Anthropology at San Diego State University, where she also serves as Director of the Center for Latin American Studies and Chair of the Aztec Identity Initiative.

She was the President of the American Anthropological Association from 2021 to 2023.

American Anthropological Association
The American Anthropological Association (AAA) is an American organization of scholars and practitioners in the field of anthropology. With 10,000 members, the association, based in Arlington, Virginia, includes archaeologists, cultural anthropologists, biological (or physical) anthropologists, linguistic anthropologists, linguists, medical anthropologists and applied anthropologists in universities and colleges, research institutions, government agencies, museums, corporations and non-profits throughout the world. The AAA publishes more than 20 peer-reviewed scholarly journals, available in print and online through AnthroSource. The AAA was founded in 1902.
Feel the Love (Rudimental song)
"Feel the Love" is a song by British drum and bass band Rudimental. It features vocals from John Newman. It is the second single from their debut studio album, Home. The song was released in the United Kingdom on 14 May 2012 and went on to debut at the summit on the UK Singles and Dance Charts. The track was selected as BBC Radio 1 DJ Zane Lowe's Hottest Record in the World on 29 March 2012.

"Feel the Love" was featured in the 2012 video game Need for Speed: Most Wanted and in a 2013 promotional advertising for Foxtel in Australia. The song has also been used in the promo of The Pauly D Project and the Doctor Who episode "Asylum of the Daleks", as well as in the 2014 film Kingsman: The Secret Service. "Feel the Love" was also featured in the fifth episode of season four of Shoresy.

Kingsman: The Secret Service
Kingsman: The Secret Service is a 2014 British spy action comedy film directed by Matthew Vaughn and written by Vaughn and Jane Goldman. It is the first in the Kingsman film series, based on the comic book series. The plot follows the recruitment of Gary "Eggsy" Unwin (Taron Egerton) by Harry Hart (Colin Firth) into Kingsman, a secret spy organisation. Eggsy joins a mission to tackle a global threat from Richmond Valentine (Samuel L. Jackson), a wealthy megalomaniac and eco-terrorist. The supporting cast includes Mark Strong and Michael Caine.

Kingsman: The Secret Service premiered at the Butt-Numb-A-Thon festival on 13 December 2014, and was theatrically released in the United Kingdom on 29 January 2015, by 20th Century Fox. The film received generally positive reviews from critics and grossed $414 million. The film won the Empire Award for Best British Film.

A sequel, Kingsman: The Golden Circle, was released in 2017, and a prequel, The King's Man, was released in 2021.
Dainichigawa Dam (Ishikawa)
Dainichigawa Dam (大日川ダム) is a multipurpose concrete gravity dam in the city of Hakusan, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan, completed in 1967.

Municipalities along the Tedori River had been plagued by water shortages for decades, with farmers upstream in conflict with farmers further downstream over water rights. A large-scale modern irrigation project was begun by the Japanese government in 1903. The region suffered from major flooding in 1943. As part of ongoing water management efforts, the Dainichigawa Dam was constructed on a branch of the Tedori River from 1952 by Kajima Corporation.

Water right
In water law, water right is the right of a user to use water from a water source, e.g., a river, stream, pond or source of groundwater. In areas with plentiful water and few users, such systems are generally not complicated or contentious. In other areas, especially arid areas where irrigation is practiced, such systems are often the source of conflict, both legal and physical. Some systems treat surface water and ground water in the same manner, while others use different principles for each.
On the Line (Jenny Lewis album)
On the Line is the third solo album and fourth overall by American singer-songwriter Jenny Lewis. The album was released on March 22, 2019, by Warner Bros. Records. Recorded at Capitol Records' Studio B, the album has contributions from Beck, Ringo Starr, Ryan Adams, Don Was, Benmont Tench, Jason Falkner, and Jim Keltner.

Jason Falkner
Jason Falkner (born June 2, 1968) is an American songwriter, musician, and guitarist who was a member of the bands Jellyfish, the Three O'Clock, and the Grays. Since 1996, he has released six solo albums, starting with Presents Author Unknown. He is also a session musician and producer who has contributed to dozens of recordings by other bands and musicians as well as a touring bassist with the French duo Air, and more recently as the touring guitarist with Beck for decades.
Château de Montrichard
The Château de Montrichard is a ruined 11th-century castle at the heart of the commune of Montrichard in the Loir-et-Cher département of France. The property of the commune, it has been listed since 1877 as a monument historique by the French Ministry of Culture.

The castle was constructed by Foulques Nerra, Count of Anjou, and rebuilt in the 12th century. Henri IV ordered it to be dismantled in 1589. From the top of the keep visitors have a good view of the town of Montrichard and the Cher valley.

Counts and dukes of Anjou
The Count of Anjou was the ruler of the County of Anjou, first granted by King Charles the Bald of West Francia in the 9th century to Robert the Strong. Ingelger and his son, Fulk the Red, were viscounts until Fulk assumed the title of count.

Ingelger's male line ended with Geoffrey II. Subsequent counts of Anjou were descended from Geoffrey's sister Ermengarde and Count Geoffrey II of Gâtinais. Their agnatic descendants, who included the Angevin kings of England, continued to hold the title and territory until King Philip II Augustus seized the region and annexed it to the French crown lands.

In 1360, the county was raised to a dukedom becoming known as Duke of Anjou, subsequently leading the Duchy of Anjou. The title was held by Philip V of Spain before his accession to the throne in 1700. Since then, some Spanish Legitimist claimants to the French throne also claim the title even to the present day, as does a nephew of the Orléanist pretender.
Leon Gleckman
Leon Gleckman (1894 – July 1941) was a Belarusian Jewish immigrant to the United States. Gleckman rose to prominence  as a bootlegger during Prohibition and as a leader within what has come to be known as Jewish-American organized crime. So great was his power that Gleckman was eventually dubbed, "The Al Capone of Saint Paul."

Rum-running
Rum-running, or bootlegging, is the illegal business of smuggling alcoholic beverages where such transportation is forbidden by law. The term rum-running is more commonly applied to smuggling over water; bootlegging is applied to smuggling over land.

Smuggling circumvents alcohol taxes and outright prohibition of alcohol sales.
Vale of York services
The Vale of York services (also known as Kirby Hill services) is a proposed motorway service area (MSA) on the A1(M) at Kirby Hill in North Yorkshire, England. The MSA site is located on the western side of the motorway between Junctions 48 and 49 near to the village of Kirby Hill, with access to both the northbound and southbound carriageways. Planning applications were submitted multiple times between 1996 and 2021 and were refused by Harrogate Borough Council and at Appeal for 25 years.

A1(M) motorway
A1(M) is the designation given to a series of four separate motorway sections in the UK. Each section is an upgrade to a section of the A1, a major north–south road which connects London, the capital of England, with Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland. The first section, the Doncaster Bypass, opened in 1961 and is one of the oldest sections of motorway in Britain. Construction of a new section of A1(M) between Leeming and Barton was completed on 29 March 2018, a year later than the anticipated opening in 2017 due to extensive archaeological excavations. Its completion linked the Barton to Washington section with the Darrington to Leeming Bar section, forming the longest A1(M) section overall and reducing the number of sections from five to four.

In 2015, a proposal was made by three local government organisations to renumber as M1 the section of A1(M) between Micklefield and Washington, making this section a northern extension of the M1.
Pro-Wrestling: EVE International Championship
The Pro-Wrestling: EVE International Championship is a women's professional wrestling championship created and promoted by the British professional wrestling promotion Pro-Wrestling: EVE. On 13 October 2018, Viper became the inaugural champion after defeating Jordynne Grace, Kasey and Laura Di Matteo in a four-way elimination match to claim the inaugural title. Since then, there have been ten reigns, all held by different wrestlers. 
The current champion is Kris Statlander, who is in her first reign; winning the title in July 2025.

Pro-Wrestling: EVE
Pro-Wrestling: EVE (EVE) is a British independent women's professional wrestling promotion founded in 2010 and run by Dann and Emily Read. The promotion runs out of various venues in London, and also promotes events in theatres and town halls. It incorporates feminism, punk rock, and professional wrestling. It held the first all-female professional wrestling event to take place in London in March 2016.
Hafnium compounds
Hafnium compounds are compounds containing the element hafnium (Hf). Due to the lanthanide contraction, the ionic radius of hafnium(IV) (0.78 ångström) is almost the same as that of zirconium(IV) (0.79 angstroms). Consequently, compounds of hafnium(IV) and zirconium(IV) have very similar chemical and physical properties. Hafnium and zirconium tend to occur together in nature and the similarity of their ionic radii makes their chemical separation rather difficult. Hafnium tends to form inorganic compounds in the oxidation state of +4. Halogens react with it to form hafnium tetrahalides. At higher temperatures, hafnium reacts with oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, boron, sulfur, and silicon. Some compounds of hafnium in lower oxidation states are known.

Inorganic chemistry
Inorganic chemistry deals with synthesis and behavior of inorganic and organometallic compounds. This field covers chemical compounds that are not carbon-based, which are the subjects of organic chemistry. The distinction between the two disciplines is far from absolute, as there is much overlap in the subdiscipline of organometallic chemistry. It has applications in every aspect of the chemical industry, including catalysis, materials science, pigments, surfactants, coatings, medications, fuels, and agriculture.
Jan Mohammad Akhund
Mullah Jan Mohammad Akhund is an Afghan Taliban politician and soldier who is currently serving as Deputy Commander of the 217 Omari Corps since 14 March 2022. Akhund has also served as Deputy Governor of Takhar Province from 22 November 2021 to 14 March 2022.

Takhar Province
Takhar (Pashto, Dari: تخار) is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in the northeast of the country next to Tajikistan. It is surrounded by Badakhshan in the east, Panjshir in the south, and Baghlan and Kunduz in the west. The city of Taloqan serves as its capital. The province contains 17 districts, over 1,000 villages, and approximately 1,113,173 people, which is multi-ethnic and mostly a rural society.
O-hook
O-hook (Ҩ ҩ; italics: Ҩ ҩ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It is derived from the initial form of the Arabic letter hāʾ, ⟨هـ⟩. Its form bears some similarities to the Greek letter Theta (Θ θ/ϑ) and Latin letter Q. In the Unicode text-encoding standard, this letter is called "Abkhazian Ha".

Its ISO 9 Romanization is the Latin letter O with grave accent (Ò ò). In English, O-hook is commonly romanized using the Latin letter O with dot below (Ọ ọ).

O-hook is used in the Cyrillic alphabet of the Abkhaz language where it represents the labial-palatal approximant /ɥ/, the sound of ⟨ui⟩ in French "huit" ([ɥi]). It is placed between Ы and Џ in the Abkhaz alphabet.

Theta
Theta (UK: /θiːtə/ ⓘ, US: /θeɪtə/ ⓘTHAY-tə) uppercase Θ; lowercase θ; Ancient Greek: θῆτα thē̂ta Greek pronunciation: [tʰɛ̂ːta]; Modern: θήτα thī́ta Greek pronunciation: [θita]) is the eighth letter of the Greek alphabet, derived from the Phoenician letter Teth 𐤈. In the system of Greek numerals, it has a value of 9.
CCN TV6
The Caribbean Communications Network Television 6 (CCN TV6) is a Trinidadian free-to-air television network. It operates an analog NTSC television system, broadcasting on channels 6 and 18 in the island of Trinidad and channel 19 in Tobago. Its studios are located at 35-37 Independence Square, Port of Spain.

Independence Square (Port of Spain)
Independence Square  lies near to the southern end of Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago.  Formerly named Marine Square, it was renamed in honour of Trinidad and Tobago's independence from the United Kingdom in 1962.  The Square runs from east to west and is bounded on the north side by King Street (the southern street bears the name of the square).  The Roman Catholic Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception lies at the eastern end of the Square (although the roadways bounding the square continue past the cathedral).  The western portion of the Square forms the Brian Lara Promenade.  The square was constructed on reclaimed land at the waterfront and was originally called Plaza de la Marina.  When the British captured Trinidad in 1797 they translated the name to Marine Square.

Some of the tallest buildings in the country, the Nicholas Tower and the Eric Williams Plaza are located on the southern side of Independence Square.
Kanshian
Kanshian (Hindko: کانشیاں) is a village located in Mansehra District, Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is a village of Union Council Garlat of tehsil Balakot to the south east of the Balakot city. It lies in the series of mountains connecting the Neelum Valley in Pakistani-held Kashmir to the Kaghan Valley.

Kaghan Valley
The Kaghan Valley (Hindko, Urdu: وادی کاغان) is an alpine valley in Mansehra District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The valley stretches 154 kilometres (96 mi) across the mountaineous northern Pakistan, rising from its lowest elevation of 650 m (2,134 ft) to its highest point at the Babusar Pass around 4,170 m (13,690 ft). Landslides triggered by the devastating 2005 Kashmir earthquake destroyed many passes leading into the valley, though roads have since been rebuilt. Kaghan is a popular tourist attraction in Pakistan.
Luxgen n7
The Luxgen n7 (stylized with a superscript number as n7) is a battery electric compact crossover SUV produced by the Taiwanese car company Luxgen, approximately the same size as the conventionally powered Luxgen URX.

It was developed by Foxtron, a joint venture established in 2020 between Luxgen parent Yulon and Hon Hai Precision, better known as Foxconn. The first public viewing of the concept vehicle, the Foxtron Model C, was in October 2021, and the n7 was announced as the retail version in October 2022; production began in late 2023.

Concept car
A concept car (also known as a concept vehicle or show vehicle) is a car made to showcase new styling or new technology. Concept cars are often exhibited at motor shows to gauge customer reaction to new and radical designs which may or may not be produced.

General Motors designer Harley Earl is generally credited with inventing the concept car, and did much to popularize it through its traveling Motorama shows of the 1950s.

Concept cars never go into production directly. In modern times, all would have to undergo many changes before the design is finalized for the sake of practicality, safety, regulatory compliance, and cost. A "production-intent" prototype, as opposed to a concept vehicle, serves this purpose.
2021 Offaly Senior B Hurling Championship
The 2021 Offaly Senior B Hurling Championship was the fourth staging of the Offaly Senior B Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board. The group stage fixtures were confirmed on 27 May 2021. The championship ran from 28 August to 20 November 2021.

The final was played on 20 November 2021 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between Clodiagh Gaels and Tullamore, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Clodiagh Gaels won the match by 2–10 to 1–12 to claim their first ever championship title.

Offaly GAA
The Offaly County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Bord Contae Uíbh Fhailí de Chumann Lúthchleas Gael) or Offaly GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Offaly. Separate county boards are also responsible for the Offaly county teams.

The county hurling team won All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (SHC) titles during the 1980s and 1990s. The county football team won All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (SFC) titles during the 1970s and 1980s.
Glen Elk Historic District
Glen Elk Historic District is a national historic district located at Clarksburg, Harrison County, West Virginia.  The district encompasses 131 contributing buildings north of the central business district of Clarksburg. The area was developed after 1898, and contains a mixture of residential and commercial buildings.  They include commercial warehouses built of brick and stone, small commercial buildings, housing specialty shops and eateries, and frame dwellings. Located in the district is the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Depot (1903).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.

Harrison County, West Virginia
Harrison County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 65,921, making it West Virginia's 7th most populous county. Its county seat is Clarksburg. Harrison County is part of the Clarksburg, WV Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Revolver Entertainment
Revolver Entertainment is a film distributor in the United Kingdom, Canada and the United States. Justin Marciano founded it in 1997 in the UK and Revolver UK entered administration in April 2013. Justin's brother, Seb Marciano formed Revolver Entertainment LLC, a US company based in Los Angeles, California in 2007. Revolver US is still successfully operating independently of Revolver UK.

Film distributor
A film distributor is a person responsible for the marketing of a film. The distribution company may be the same as, or different from, the production company. Distribution deals are an important part of financing a film.

The distributor may set the release date of a film and the method by which a film is to be exhibited or made available for viewing; for example, directly to the public either theatrically or for home viewing (DVD, video-on-demand, download, television programs through broadcast syndication etc.). A distributor may do this directly, if the distributor owns the theaters or film distribution networks, or through theatrical exhibitors and other sub-distributors. A limited distributor may deal only with particular products, such as DVDs or Blu-ray, or may act in a particular country or market. The primary distributor will often receive credit in the film's credits, one sheet or other marketing material.
2011 WAFL Grand Final
The 2011 WAFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Claremont Football Club and the Subiaco Football Club, on 25 September 2011 at Patersons Stadium, to determine the premier team of the West Australian Football League (WAFL) for the 2011 season. Claremont won the game by 56 points, 19.13 (127) to 10.11 (71), with Beau Wilkes of Claremont winning the Simpson Medal as best on ground. The attendance of 15,459 was the lowest since 8,991 people attended the 1944 Grand Final.

Subiaco Football Club
The Subiaco Football Club, nicknamed the Lions and known before 1973 as the Maroons, is an Australian rules football club in the West Australian Football League (WAFL) and WAFL Women's (WAFLW). It was founded in 1896, and admitted to the WAFL in 1901, along with North Fremantle. The club is currently based at Sullivan Logistics Stadium having previously played at Subiaco Oval.