hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arlow Stout
Arlow Burdette Stout (March 10, 1876 – October 12, 1957) was an American botanist and the pioneer breeder of the modern hybrid daylily.

Stout was born in Jackson Center, Ohio, on March 10, 1876, and moved to Albion, Wisconsin, as a child. He worked between 1911 and 1948 at the New York Botanical Garden. In over 50,000 cross-pollination experiments, Stout produced over one hundred viable Hemerocallis hybrids, revolutionizing nursery breeding and popular interest in daylilies. Stout's public renown rested largely on the knowledge and innovation he brought to the breeding of daylilies. He died at his home in Pleasantville, New York, in 1957.

In 1950, American Hemerocallis Society established an annual Stout Award in his honor.

Pleasantville, New York
Pleasantville is a village in the town of Mount Pleasant, in Westchester County, New York, United States. It is located 30 miles north of Manhattan. The village population was 7,513 at the 2020 census. Pleasantville is home to the secondary campus of Pace University and to the Jacob Burns Film Center. Most of Pleasantville is served by the Pleasantville Union Free School District, with small parts of northern Pleasantville served by the Chappaqua Central School District. The village is also home to the Bedford Road School, Pleasantville Middle School, and Pleasantville High School.  The region of Pleasantville commonly referred to as "The Flats" is mostly served by the Mount Pleasant Central School district.
Eastern New Mexico Greyhounds
The Eastern New Mexico Greyhounds are the athletic teams that represent Eastern New Mexico University, located in Portales, New Mexico, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Greyhounds compete as members of the Lone Star Conference for all 12 varsity sports. Until 2015, Eastern New Mexico had used Zias for the names of female sports teams, but the school announced that Eastern New Mexico will end the use of the Zias name for the female teams, choosing to have Greyhounds for both male and female teams.

Eastern New Mexico University
Eastern New Mexico University (ENMU or Eastern) is a public university with a main campus in Portales, New Mexico, and two associate degree-granting branches, one at Ruidoso and one at Roswell. ENMU is New Mexico's largest regional comprehensive university and is the most recently founded state university in New Mexico (legislated in 1927, opened in 1934). It is a federally designated Hispanic-serving institution and a member of the Hispanic Association of Colleges and Universities. The ENMU System consists of three campuses.
2005 UEFA European Under-17 Championship
The 2005 UEFA European Under-17 Championship was the fourth edition of UEFA's European Under-17 Football Championship. Italy hosted the championship, during 3–14 May. Turkey defeated Netherlands in the final to win the competition for the second time.

2005 FIFA U-17 World Championship
The 2005 FIFA U-17 World Championship, the eleventh edition of the tournament, was held in the cities of Lima, Trujillo, Chiclayo, Piura, and Iquitos in Peru from 16 September to 2 October 2005. Players born after 1 January 1988 could participate in this tournament. Mexico beat favorites and defending champions Brazil 3–0 in the final, winning its first U-17 Championship title.
Alcohol sulfotransferase
Alcohol sulfotransferase is an enzyme that catalyzes the sulfate conjugation of primary and secondary alcohols including many hormones, neurotransmitters, drugs, and xenobiotic compounds.

The chemical reaction is:

Sulfation
Sulfation (sometimes spelled sulphation in British English) is the chemical reaction that entails the addition of SO3 group.  In principle, many sulfations would involve reactions of sulfur trioxide (SO3).  In practice, most sulfations are effected less directly.  Regardless of the mechanism, the installation of a sulfate-like group on a substrate leads to substantial changes.
William D. Young (engineer)
William D. Young is  an American chemical engineer and pharmaceutical industry executive known for his pioneering contributions to enable industrial-scale manufacturing of recombinant proteins starting with Humulin. He currently serves as a Senior Advisor at Blackstone Life Sciences, a division of the global investment firm Blackstone Inc. focused on advancing innovative medicines and technologies.

Genentech
Genentech, Inc. is an American biotechnology corporation headquartered in South San Francisco, California. It operates as an independent subsidiary of holding company Roche. Genentech Research and Early Development operates as an independent center within Roche. Historically, the company is regarded as the world's first biotechnology company.

As of July 2021, Genentech employed 13,539 people.
The Sum of All Fears
The Sum of All Fears is a political thriller novel, written by Tom Clancy and released on August 14, 1991, as the sequel to Clear and Present Danger (1989). The main character Jack Ryan, who is now the Deputy Director of Central Intelligence, tries to stop a crisis concerning the Middle East peace process wherein Palestinian and former East German terrorists conspire to bring the United States and Soviet Union into a nuclear war. It debuted at number one on the New York Times bestseller list.

A film adaptation, which is a reboot of the Jack Ryan film series and starring Ben Affleck as the younger iteration of the CIA analyst, was released on May 31, 2002.

Pit (nuclear weapon)
In nuclear weapon design, the pit is the core of an implosion nuclear weapon, consisting of fissile material and any neutron reflector or tamper bonded to it. Early pits were spherical, while most modern pits are prolate spheroidal. Some weapons tested during the 1950s used pits made with uranium-235 alone, or as a composite with plutonium. All-plutonium pits are the smallest in diameter and have been the standard since the early 1960s. The pit is named after the hard core found in stonefruit such as peaches and apricots.
182nd Battalion (Ontario County), CEF
The 182nd Battalion (Ontario County), CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War.  Based in Whitby, Ontario, the unit began recruiting during the winter of 1915/16 in Ontario County, Ontario.  After sailing to England in May 1917, the battalion was either absorbed into the 18th Reserve Battalion or into the 3rd Canadian Reserve Battalion (Central Ontario).  The 182nd  Battalion (Ontario County), CEF had one Officer Commanding: Lieut-Col. A. A. Cockburn.

The 182nd Battalion (Ontario County), CEF, is perpetuated by The Ontario Regiment (RCAC).

Ontario County, Ontario
Ontario County was the name of two historic counties in the Canadian province of Ontario. Both counties were located in approximately the same area and existed on-and-off between 1792 and 1974. Their primary modern successor is the Regional Municipality of Durham, though certain parts of them were transferred to other surrounding regions.
Kobyle Góry
Kobyle Góry [kɔˈbɨlɛ ˈɡurɨ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Lipnica, within Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Lipnica
Gmina Lipnica (Kashubian: Gmina Lëpińce) is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Bytów County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the village of Lipnica, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) south of Bytów and 90 km (56 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 309.57 square kilometres (119.5 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 4,796.

Mayor of the municipality is Andrzej Lemańczyk.
Clare Rustad
Clare Ada Rustad (born May 27, 1983) is a Canadian broadcaster and former soccer midfielder. Her last club was the Toronto Lady Lynx in 2010. She played for Canada women's national soccer team between 2000 and 2008, making 45 appearances and scoring three goals.

Canada women's national soccer team
The Canada women's national soccer team (French: Équipe du Canada de soccer féminine) represents Canada in international soccer competitions. They are overseen by the Canadian Soccer Association, the governing body for soccer in Canada.

The team reached international prominence at the 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup, losing in the bronze medal match to the United States. Canada qualified for its first Olympic women's soccer tournament in 2008, making it to the quarter-finals. Canada's most significant achievement has been winning the gold medal at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. The team is also two-time CONCACAF Women's Championship winners, and two-time Olympic bronze medallists.

Canada hosted the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup, where they were eliminated in the quarterfinals by England. Canada set a new tournament and team record for attendance in the process, with 1,353,506 and 54,027, respectively.
Bolekhiv
Bolekhiv (Ukrainian: Болехів, IPA: [boˈlɛxiu̯] ⓘ; Polish: Bolechów; Yiddish: באָלעכאָוו) is a city in Kalush Raion, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine. It was once home to a large Jewish community, very few of whom survived World War II. Bolekhiv hosts the administration of Bolekhiv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 10,259 (2022 estimate).

Dolyna Raion
Dolyna Raion (Ukrainian: Долинський райо́н, romanized: Dolyns'kyj rajon) was a raion (administrative district) of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast of Ukraine. The city of Dolyna was the administrative center of the raion. The raion was abolished on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast Oblast to six. The area of Dolyna Raion was merged into Kalush Raion. The last estimate of the raion population was 68,266 (2020 est.).

The raion was located in the historical land of Boyko people.

At the time of disestablishment, the raion consisted of three hromadas:

Dolyna urban hromada with the administration in Dolyna;

Vyhoda settlement hromada with the administration in the urban-type settlement of Vyhoda;

Vytvytsia rural hromada with the administration in the selo of Vytvytsia.
Alexey Anselm
Alexey Andreevich Anselm  (Russian: Алексей Андреевич Ансельм, 1 July 1934 – 24 August 1998) was a Russian theoretical physicist, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, professor, director (1992–1994) of the  B.P. Konstantinov Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI), member of: the Russian and American Physical Society, the executive committee of the Nuclear Physics Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the editorial board of the Russian journal “Yadernaya Fizika”.

Anselm was known for his discovery of non-universality of the Landau pole in Quantum field theory, contributions to the theory of complex angular momenta, works on the Quark model, Spontaneous symmetry breaking, mechanisms of CP violation, modifications of the Standard Model, Cosmology, and the development of a simple model for the proton spin crisis.

Spontaneous symmetry breaking
Spontaneous symmetry breaking is a spontaneous process of symmetry breaking, by which a physical system in a symmetric state spontaneously ends up in an asymmetric state. In particular, it can describe systems where the equations of motion or the Lagrangian obey symmetries, but the lowest-energy vacuum solutions do not exhibit that same symmetry. When the system goes to one of those vacuum solutions, the symmetry is broken for perturbations around that vacuum even though the entire Lagrangian retains that symmetry.
Formula Two
Formula Two (F2) is a type of open-wheel formula racing category first codified in 1948. It was replaced in 1985 by Formula 3000, but revived by the FIA from 2009 to 2012 in the form of the FIA Formula Two Championship. The name returned again in 2017 when the former GP2 Series became known as the FIA Formula 2 Championship.

2012 FIA Formula Two Championship
The 2012 FIA Formula Two Championship was the fourth and the last of the FIA Formula Two Championship. The season started on 14 April at Silverstone and finished on 30 September at Monza. The 2012 calendar saw the addition of two new races.

In the opening round at Silverstone, the first pole of the season was claimed by Mathéo Tuscher, the youngest driver to have taken part in the series. Tuscher was overtaken by Christopher Zanella on the first lap of the opening race; Zanella was later joined by Mihai Marinescu and Luciano Bacheta out front, with Bacheta eventually prevailing over Zanella with series debutant Alex Fontana in third. Marinescu claimed pole position for the second race, but could not stop Bacheta taking his second win of the weekend; Fontana again completed the podium, behind Marinescu.
CourseSmart
CourseSmart, a privately held company headquartered in San Mateo, California, founded in 2007, was a provider of eTextbooks and digital course materials. It was acquired by Ingram Content Group subsidiary VitalSource Technologies in early 2014, and was integrated into the parent company under the VitalSource name and platform by 2016.

Digital textbook
A digital textbook is a digital book or e-book intended to serve as the text for a class. Digital textbooks may also be known as e-textbooks or e-texts. Digital textbooks are a major component of technology-based education reform. They may serve as the texts for a traditional face-to-face class, an online course or degree, or massive open online courses (MOOCs). As with physical textbooks, digital textbooks can be either rented for a term or purchased for lifetime access. While accessible, digital textbooks can be downloaded, printed, or accessed online via a compatible device. To access content online, users must often use a 3rd party hosting provider or "digital bookshelf" through which digital textbooks can be served.
Aubrey Buxton Nature Reserve
Aubrey Buxton Nature Reserve is a 9.7-hectare (24-acre) nature reserve west of Elsenham in Essex. It was donated to the Essex Wildlife Trust by Aubrey Buxton and his wife in 1976.

The site was previously a park for Norman House. It is woodland on a sandy and gravel soil, with meadows and six man-made ponds. Grassland plants include cowslips, wild strawberries and common spotted orchids. There are birds such as nuthatches and woodpeckers, and many species of butterfly. Black poplars, which are the county's rarest native tree, have been planted to replace trees lost to storm damage.

There is access from a track off Alsa Street.

Elsenham
Elsenham is a village and civil parish in north-west Essex in eastern England. It lies 4 miles (6 km) north-east of Bishop's Stortford, its post town, which is over the county boundary in Hertfordshire. It is 1.5 miles (2.4 km) east of the large village of Stansted Mountfitchet and lies to the north of London Stansted Airport. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 3,571 and the Elsenham built up area had a population of 3,501.
Kitayama, Wakayama
Kitayama (北山村, Kitayama-mura) is an exclave village that belongs to Higashimuro District, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan, but is located on the border between Mie and Nara Prefectures. It lies along the Kitayama River and has become a popular spot for log rafting.

As of 2016, the village has an estimated population of 432 and a density of 9 persons per km2. The total area is 48.21 km2.

Kitayama is the only remaining village in Wakayama Prefecture. Kitayama is known in Japan for growing a fruit called jabara, which is considered a potent cure for hay fever.

Nara Prefecture
Nara Prefecture (奈良県, Nara-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜ.ɾa, na.ɾaꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu. As of 2020, Nara Prefecture has a population of 1,321,805 and has a geographic area of 3,691 square kilometres (1,425 sq mi). Nara Prefecture borders Kyoto Prefecture to the north, Osaka Prefecture to the northwest, Wakayama Prefecture to the southwest, and Mie Prefecture to the east.

Nara is the capital and largest city of Nara Prefecture, with other major cities including Kashihara, Ikoma, and Yamatokōriyama. Nara Prefecture is located in the center of the Kii Peninsula on Japan's Pacific Ocean coast, and is one of only eight landlocked prefectures. Nara Prefecture has the distinction of having more UNESCO World Heritage listings than any other prefecture in Japan.
Riesenstein (Wolfershausen)
The Riesenstein (English: giant's stone) is a megalith or menhir, which is situated close to the village of Wolfershausen. It is the largest megalith in the district of Schwalm-Eder-Kreis, Hesse, Germany.

Megalith
A megalith is a large stone that has been used to construct a prehistoric structure or monument, either alone or together with other stones. More than 35,000 megalithic structures have been identified across Europe, ranging geographically from Sweden in the north to the Mediterranean Sea in the south.

The word was first used in 1849 by the British antiquarian Algernon Herbert in reference to Stonehenge and derives from Ancient Greek μέγας (mégas), meaning "great", and λίθος (líthos), meaning "stone". Most extant megaliths were erected between the Neolithic period (although earlier Mesolithic examples are known) through the Chalcolithic period and into the Bronze Age.
Ganyesa
Ganyesa is a town of about 19,000 people in the North West province of South Africa. It is located 70 kilometres (40 mi) north-west of Vryburg and about 170 kilometres (110 mi) south-west of the provincial capital Mafikeng.

It is an administrative centre for the far north-western area of the province, hosting the head offices of the Kagisano-Molopo Local Municipality, a magistrate's court and various national and provincial government offices.

The census of 2011 recorded the population of the town as 19,290 people, of whom the vast majority were black (98%) and Tswana-speaking (93%).

Vryburg
Vryburg (/fraɪbərɡ/) is a large agricultural town with a population of approximately 89,120  situated in the Dr Ruth Segomotsi Mompati District Municipality of the North West Province of South Africa. It is the seat and the industrial and agricultural heartland of the district of the Bophirima region.
Torch Cay, Exuma
Torch Cay is a privately owned island located east of Little Exuma at the southern end of the Exuma island chain in the Bahamas. The island covers approximately 707 acres (286 hectares), making it the largest private island in the country. Its name derives from the white torch tree (Amyris elemifera), which grows among the island's native vegetation.

Torch Cay is home to Torch Cay Airport, a private airstrip that allows international arrivals and customs clearance for private aircraft, including long-range and heavy jets.

Amyris elemifera
Amyris elemifera is an evergreen species of flowering plant in the citrus family, Rutaceae, commonly named sea torchwood, smooth torchwood, candlewood, sea amyris, tea, cuabilla, and bois chandelle. It is native to Florida in the United States, the Caribbean, and the Central American countries of Guatemala, Belize, Honduras, and El Salvador. It is also known from northern South America. The species name elemifera is from the Greek, meaning "resin bearing".
Maria João (singer)
Maria João Monteiro Grancha (born 27 June 1956) is a Portuguese jazz singer. She is known for her vocal flexibility and improvisational skills. Although considered a jazz singer, she incorporates folk music, avant-garde, and electronica.

Her main musical partner is Portuguese pianist Mário Laginha. She has also worked with Aki Takase, Bobby McFerrin, David Linx, Dino Saluzzi, Gilberto Gil, Joe Zawinul, Kai Eckhardt, Lenine, Manu Katche, Ralph Towner, Trilok Gurtu, Wolfgang Muthspiel, and OGRE Archived 5 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine.

She was invited by RTP to compose an entry for Festival da Canção 2024, the Portuguese selection for the Eurovision Song Contest 2024; she performed the song "Dia" in the second semi-final on 2 March 2024, failing to qualify for the final.

Kai Eckhardt
Kai Eckhardt (born 15 June 1961) is a German born musician and composer who plays bass, best known for his work with John McLaughlin, Vital Information, Torsten de Winkel, Billy Cobham and Garaj Mahal—a band he co-founded. Educated at the prestigious Berklee College of Music  Eckhardt has also collaborated on projects with guitarist Larry Coryell as well as keyboardist Tom Coster.  Eckhardt is known for his fast chordal slap-style abilities, and for his unique combination of funk, jazz, and world music.
Louis-Georges Rabot
Louis-Georges Rabot (1913 – June 1978) was a French and European civil servant who served as the first Director-General for Agriculture in the European Commission from 1958 to 1978. As such, he was one of the most important people in the development of the EU's Common Agricultural Policy, which was introduced in 1962.

Before joining the European Commission, Rabot worked at the French Ministry of Agriculture from 1944 to 1957, and most recently served as director of the international relations directorate at the ministry. He was appointed secretary-general for agriculture and alimentation in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development in 1955. He became the Director-General for Agriculture in the European Commission on the insistence of the French government in 1958.

In July 1978, he was succeeded by Claude Villain as director-general.

Common Agricultural Policy
The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is the agricultural policy of the European Commission. It implements a system of agricultural subsidies and other programmes. It was introduced in 1962 and has since then undergone several changes to reduce the EEC budget cost (from 73% in 1985, to 37% in 2017) and consider rural development in its aims. It has however, been criticised on the grounds of its cost, and its environmental and humanitarian effects.
North Twin Peak
North Twin (Peak) is one of the two main peaks that comprise The Twins massif located at the northeast corner of the Columbia Icefield in Jasper National Park, Alberta, Canada. The other lower peak is named South Twin (3,566 m).  North Twin is the third-highest peak in the Canadian Rockies, after Mount Robson and Mount Columbia.

The massif was named The Twins in 1898 by J. Norman Collie and Hugh M. Stutfield.  The decision to name the peaks separately was approved February 28, 1980.

In addition to North Twin and South Twin, the massif contains a northern subpeak of North Twin known as Twins Tower, 3,627 m (11,900 ft) (see lower photo). This sits atop the famed north face of the massif (see below), and was named in 1984. Further, another subpeak in the massif is known as West Twin 3,360 m (11,024 ft), a picture of which can be found in the South Twin Gallery - access to this peak is from the north–south col.

Jasper National Park
Jasper National Park, in Alberta, Canada, is the largest national park within Alberta's Rocky Mountains, spanning 11,000 km2 (4,200 sq mi). It was established as Jasper Forest Park in 1907, renamed as a national park in 1930, and declared a UNESCO world heritage site in 1984. Its location is north of Banff National Park and west of Edmonton. The park contains the glaciers of the Columbia Icefield, springs, lakes, waterfalls and mountains.