hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ethio-Semitic languages
Ethio-Semitic (also Ethiopian Semitic, Ethiosemitic, Ethiopic or Abyssinian) is a family of languages spoken in Ethiopia, Eritrea and Sudan. They form the western branch of the South Semitic languages, itself a sub-branch of Semitic, part of the Afroasiatic language family.

With 57,500,000 total speakers as of 2019, including around 25,100,000 second language speakers, Amharic is the most widely spoken of the group, the most widely spoken language of Ethiopia and second-most widely spoken Semitic language in the world after Arabic. Tigrinya has 7 million speakers and is the most widely spoken language in Eritrea. Tigre is the second-most spoken language in Eritrea, and has also a small population of speakers in Sudan. The Geʽez language has a literary history in its own script starting in the 1st century. Geʽez is no longer spoken, but remains the liturgical language of the Ethiopian and Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Churches, as well as their respective Eastern Catholic counterparts.

Second language
A second language (L2) is a language spoken in addition to one's first language (L1). A second language may be a neighbouring language, another language of the speaker's home country, or a foreign language.

A speaker's dominant language, which is the language a speaker uses most or is most comfortable with, is not necessarily the speaker's first language. For example, the Canadian census defines first language for its purposes as "What is the language that this person first learned at home in childhood and still understands?", recognizing that for some, the earliest language may be lost, a process known as language attrition. This can happen when young children start school or move to a new language environment.
Enzo Geerts
Enzo Geerts  (born 3 January 2005) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Belgian Division 1 club KFC Houtvenne, on loan from Westerlo. Born in Belgium, he most recently represented Poland at youth level.

Belgian Division 1
The Belgian Division 1 is a semi-professional division and the third-highest division in the Belgian football league system, one level below the Challenger Pro League. It was created by the Royal Belgian Football Association in 2016, coming in at the third level and pushing all divisions one level down. Initially it was known as the Belgian First Amateur Division, but due to the negative connotation of the word amateur the league was renamed to Belgian National Division 1 from the 2019–20 season onwards. Then, from the 2024–25 season, a split was made into two separate divisions, with the teams holding a Flemish license and those playing with a Francophone license now playing in separate divisions within the league. The Flemish division consists of 16 teams and is referred to as the Eerste Afdeling VV, the Francophone division only contains 12 teams and is called Division 1 ACFF.
Softvol
Softvol is an Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) plugin that adds a software based volume control to the ALSA audio mixer (alsamixer). This is helpful when a sound card does not have a hardware volume control. The softvol plugin is built into ALSA and does not require separate installation.

Another use case of softvol is when a hardware volume control is unable to amplify the sound beyond certain threshold and thus renders an audio file too quiet. In this case software amplifiers can be used in order to boost the volume level at the price of sacrificing some quality.

Many modern programs that are able to play audio files have their own, sound system-independent software volume controls.

Computer hardware
Computer hardware includes the physical parts of a computer, such as the central processing unit (CPU), random-access memory (RAM), motherboard, computer data storage, graphics card, sound card, and computer case. It includes external devices such as a monitor, mouse, keyboard, and speakers.

By contrast, software is a set of written  instructions that can be stored and run by hardware. Hardware derived its name from the fact it is hard or rigid with respect to changes, whereas software is soft because it is easy to change.

Hardware is typically directed by the software to execute any command or instruction. A combination of hardware and software forms a usable computing system, although other systems exist with only hardware.
Torsion field
Torsion field can refer to:

A torsion tensor in differential geometry.

The field used in Einstein–Cartan theory and other alternatives to general relativity that involve torsion of spacetime

Torsion field (pseudoscience), a field alleged to make faster-than-light communication and paranormal phenomena possible

Torsion field (pseudoscience)
A torsion field (also called axion field, spin field, spinor field, and microlepton field) is a reoccurring feature of many pseudoscientific proposals. It posits that the quantum spin of particles can be used to cause emanations to carry information through vacuum orders of magnitude faster than the speed of light.
Mayevsky
Mayevsky, Mayevskaya, Maevsky is a Russian surname.

Anna Mayevskaya, Soviet luger

Dmitry Maevsky (1917–1992), Russian painter

Ivan Mayevsky, Russian spelling of Ivan Mayewski (born 1988), Belarusian footballer

Konstantin Mayevsky (born 1979), Russian futsal player

Vladimir May-Mayevsky (1867–1920), Russian general

Dmitry Maevsky
Dmitry Ivanovich Maevsky (Russian: Дми́трий Ива́нович Мае́вский; 17 May 1917, in Petrograd, Russian Empire – 23 July 1992, in Saint Petersburg, Russia) was a Soviet Russian painter, lived and worked in Leningrad, a member of the Leningrad Union of Artists, regarded as one of the representatives of the Leningrad school of painting, most famous for his lyrical landscapes.
Paul Rankin (politician)
Paul Rankin is a Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) politician, serving as an Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon Borough Councillor for the Lagan River DEA since 2014
.

He was briefly a Member of the Northern Ireland Assembly (MLA) for Lagan Valley in March 2022, having replaced former party leader, Edwin Poots.

2014 Armagh, Banbridge and Craigavon District Council election
The first election to Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon Borough Council, part of the Northern Ireland local elections on 22 May 2014, returned 41 members to the newly-formed council via Single Transferable Vote. The Democratic Unionist Party won a plurality of seats, although the Ulster Unionist Party attracted the most first-preference votes.
Membership of the Royal College of Psychiatrists
Membership of the Royal College of Psychiatrists (MRCPsych) is a prestigious postnominal qualification awarded to physicians who have completed the prescribed training requirements and membership examinations mandated by the Royal College of Psychiatrists. MRCPsych is awarded after the completion of the required amount of clinical practice (often during core psychiatry training) and successful completion of rigorous examinations. A further three years within psychiatry and a certificate of completion of specialist training are required to register as a psychiatrist on the General Medical Council specialist register. The examination has undergone a radical change in the past few years, notably in terms of focus and structure.

General Medical Council
The General Medical Council (GMC) is a public body that maintains the official register of medical practitioners within the United Kingdom. Its chief responsibility is to "protect, promote and maintain the health and safety of the public" by controlling entry to the register, and suspending or removing members when necessary. It also sets the standards for medical schools in the UK. Membership of the register confers substantial privileges under Part VI of the Medical Act 1983. It is a criminal offence to make a false claim of membership. The GMC is supported by fees paid by its members, and it became a registered charity in 2001.
Afdem (woreda)
Afdem (Somali: Afdam) is a woreda in Somali Region, Ethiopia. Located in the Sitti Zone, this woreda is bordered on the southwest by Mieso, on the north by the Afar Region and on the east by Erer, and on the south by the Oromia Region. The administrative center of this woreda is Afdem; other towns in Afdem include Ali jiir

The track of the Addis Ababa - Djibouti Railway crosses the southern part of this woreda along the lower slopes of the Amhar mountains. High peaks in Afdem include Mount Afdem (about 2000 meters).

Somali Region
The Somali Region (Somali: Dawlad Deegaanka Soomaalida, Amharic: ሱማሌ ክልል, romanized: Sumalē Kilil, Arabic: المنطقة الصومالية), also known as Soomaali Galbeed (lit. 'Western Somalia') and officially the Somali Regional State, is a regional state in eastern Ethiopia. It is the second largest region of Ethiopia in terms of area. The state borders the Ethiopian regions of Afar and Oromia to the west, as well as Djibouti to the north, Somaliland to the northeast, Somalia to the east and south; and Kenya to the southwest. Jijiga is the capital of the state.

The Somali regional government is composed of the executive branch, led by the President; the legislative branch, which comprises the State Council; and the judicial branch, which is led by the State Supreme Court.
Ultimatum (EP)
Ultimatum is an EP by indie rock band The Long Winters.  It was released by Barsuk Records on October 11, 2005, featuring six tracks, four of which were new songs released as a preview for their later release Putting the Days to Bed.

The band's line-up on Ultimatum varies from the line-ups featured on the band's previous two LPs, The Worst You Can Do Is Harm and When I Pretend to Fall.  While John Roderick and Eric Corson remain on guitar/vocals and bass/vocals respectively, Mike Squires has been added as an additional guitarist and keyboardist, and Nabil Ayers is the band's latest percussionist. Matt Chamberlain played drums on "The Commander Thinks Aloud".

"The Commander Thinks Aloud" appeared as a remix on MoveOn.org's Future Soundtrack for America compilation in 2004. In 2011, Chris Carrabba of Dashboard Confessional covered "The Commander Thinks Aloud" on his album Covered In The Flood.

Covered in the Flood
Covered in the Flood is a full-length studio album of cover songs by American musician Chris Carrabba, released on November 17, 2011. It was available exclusively during his solo US tour in 2011.

Best known as the singer-songwriter for emo band Dashboard Confessional, it is the first official release for Carrabba as a solo artist.
1996 Italian Superturismo Championship
The 1996 Italian Superturismo Championship was the tenth edition of the Italian Superturismo Championship. The season began in Mugello on 14 April and finished in Vallelunga on 6 October, after ten rounds.

Mugello Circuit
Mugello Circuit (in Italian: Autodromo Internazionale del Mugello; in English: Mugello International Autodrome) is a motorsport race track in Scarperia e San Piero, Florence, Tuscany, Italy. The circuit length is 5.245 km (3.259 mi). It has 15 turns and a 1.141 km (0.709 mi) long straight. The circuit stadium stands have a capacity of 50,000.

The Italian motorcycle Grand Prix is held annually at the circuit (for MotoGP and smaller classes). Since 1988, the track has been owned and used by Scuderia Ferrari for Formula One testing.

The circuit hosted its first ever Formula One race on 13 September 2020, named the Tuscan Grand Prix, as part of the season being restructured due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This Grand Prix was the 1000th Grand Prix for Scuderia Ferrari.
Oliver Stevens
Oliver Stevens (1825–1905) was an American attorney and politician who served as District Attorney of Suffolk County, Massachusetts, from 1875 to 1905 and as president of the Boston Common Council in 1856 and 1857.

Boston City Council (1822–1909)
The Boston City Council was the bicameral legislative body of Boston, Massachusetts, United States, from 1822 until 1909. Its upper chamber was the Board of Aldermen, whose members were elected at-large, while the lower chamber was the much larger Common Council, whose members were elected from multi-member electoral districts (wards). Prior to 1822, the Boston Board of Selectmen governed the city. The bicameral council lasted until 1909, when it was replaced by the modern Boston City Council. Unlike the  bicameral 1822 council, the modern council that was established in 1909 is unicameral.
WPYO
WPYO (95.3 FM), is a commercial radio station licensed to Maitland, Florida. The station airs a Spanish-language contemporary hits format, and is branded as El Zol 95.3. Owned by Spanish Broadcasting System, it serves the Greater Orlando area. The station's transmitter is located in Pine Hills.

Maitland, Florida
Maitland is a suburban city in Orange County, Florida, United States, part of the Greater Orlando area. The population was 19,543 at the 2020 census. The area's history is exhibited at the Maitland Historical Museum; the city also hosts the Maitland Art Center, as well as notable examples of Mayan Revival architecture and Fantasy architecture, the Maitland Telephone Museum, and the William H. Waterhouse House Museum (all museums and the Maitland Art Center are now managed by Art & History Museums of Maitland). A SunRail station is located in Maitland on Highway 17–92. The city is named for Fort Maitland.
Park Lane Academy
Park Lane Academy is a non-selective mixed secondary school located in Exley (near Halifax), West Yorkshire, England.

Originally known as Exley County Secondary Modern School, the school was later renamed Park Lane High School, before becoming a foundation school when it was renamed Park Lane Learning Trust. As a foundation school, Park Lane was administered by a trust which included Calderdale Metropolitan Borough Council, The Crossley Heath School, Together Housing Association and the University of Huddersfield. The school relocated to new buildings in 2006. In October 2018 the school converted to academy status and is now sponsored by South Pennine Academies Trust.

Park Lane Academy offers GCSEs and BTECs as programmes of study for pupils.

Together Housing Group
Together Housing Group is a social housing management company and affordable housing developer operating in the North of England and the East Midlands. 
As of July 2024 Together Housing Group (THG) manages or owns around 38,000 homes, including rented social housing, affordable housing, and supported housing.
Andreas Gottschalk
Andreas Gottschalk (28 February 1815 in Düsseldorf – 8 September 1849) was a German physician. He was a member of the Cologne community Communist League. He was an exponent of the "Left" sectarian tendencies of the German working class movement.

He founded and became president in April 1848 of the Cologne Workers Association, which he led until he was arrested in June of that year. He was released from jail in December. After a short time abroad, he returned to Cologne, where he worked as a doctor for the poor until his death in the fall of 1849 having the previous year he had been "cheered on by a crowd of 5,000, called for the establishment of a revolutionary committee" as part of the 1848 revolts. Gottschalk died after contracting cholera himself.

Communist League
The Communist League (German: Bund der Kommunisten) was an international political party established on 1 June 1847 in London, England. The organisation was formed through the merger of the League of the Just, headed by Karl Schapper, and the Communist Correspondence Committee of Brussels, Belgium, in which Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels were the dominant personalities. The Communist League is regarded as the first Marxist political party and it was on behalf of this group that Marx and Engels wrote the Communist Manifesto late in 1847. The Communist League was formally disbanded in November 1852, following the Cologne Communist Trial.
Freddy Guevara
Freddy Guevara (born 3 April 1986) is a Venezuelan politician. He was elected deputy to the Venezuelan National Assembly for Circuit 2 of the Miranda State (made up by Municipalities of Chacao, Baruta, El Hatillo and the parish Leoncio Martínez del Municipio Sucre) representing the Democratic Unity Roundtable (Mesa de Unidad Democrática, MUD) in the parliamentary elections of December 6, 2015. He has been a key figure of the opposition to Nicolás Maduro, Guevara was arrested in July 2021 charged with crimes against the state. The United States and others condemned the arrest as politically-motivated. In mid-August, he was freed as part of negotiations between the Maduro government and the Venezuelan opposition.

Chacao Municipality
Chacao is one of the five political and administrative subdivisions of the city of Caracas, Venezuela. The other four are Baruta, El Hatillo, Libertador and Sucre. This legal entity is known as the Caracas Metropolitan District. Chacao is also one of the 21 municipalities that make up the State of Miranda, Venezuela.
Mar Kuriakose College
Mar Kuriakose College, is an arts and science College in Kerala, India situated in Puthuvely 5 kilometers south of Koothattukulam and 32 kilometers north of Kottayam. The college was established in 2010. It is affiliated to the Mahatma Gandhi University in Kottayam and is approved by the Government of Kerala.

Koothattukulam
Koothattukulam is a municipality of Kerala state, India in the Ernakulam district. It is  32 km (19.9 mi) south of the district headquarters in Thrikkakara and about 156 km (96.9 mi) north of the state capital Thiruvananthapuram. As per the 2011 Indian census, Koothattukulam has a population of 17,253 people, and a population density of 755/km2 (1,960/sq mi). It is at the junction of Ernakulam, Kottayam, and Idukki districts, in the foothills of the Western Ghats and is part of the Keezhmalanad region.

The town comprises five main localities: Koothattukulam, Vadakara, Paittakulam, Kizhakombu and Edayar.
Laodamia eulepidella
Laodamia eulepidella is a moth of the family Pyralidae first described by George Hampson in 1896. It is found in western Malaysia, Australia and probably in Sri Lanka.

This species is classified as a member of the genus Laodamia in "Global Information System on Pyraloidea" as of 2024, but it is also sometimes considered a member of the genus Phycita.

Its caterpillars are known to feed on Jasminum sambac and Ixora species.

Pyralidae
The Pyralidae, commonly called pyralid moths, snout moths or grass moths, are a family of Lepidoptera in the ditrysian superfamily Pyraloidea. In many (particularly older) classifications, the grass moths (Crambidae) are included in the Pyralidae as a subfamily, making the combined group one of the largest families in the Lepidoptera. The latest review by Eugene G. Munroe and Maria Alma Solis retain the Crambidae as a full family of Pyraloidea.

The wingspans for small and medium-sized species are usually between 9 and 37 mm (0.35 and 1.46 in) with variable morphological features.

It is a diverse group, with more than 6,000 species described worldwide, and more than 600 species in America north of Mexico, comprising the third largest moth family in North America. At least 42 species have been recorded from North Dakota in the subfamilies of Pyralidae.
Ron Dayne
Ronald Dayne (born March 14, 1978) is an American former football running back who played college football for the Wisconsin Badgers, winning the Heisman Trophy in 1999. He also played professional football for eight seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the New York Giants in the first round of the 2000 NFL draft. He also played for the Denver Broncos and Houston Texans.

Dayne is one of only two players in college football history to rush for 2,000-plus yards in a single season twice in his career, the other being Troy Davis of Iowa State.

Dayne would be the all-time rushing yards leader in NCAA Division I FBS history, with 7,125 yards with the bowl game statistics included, though the statistics accumulated in bowl games prior to 2002 are not accounted for by the NCAA. Thus, Dayne is officially recognized as the second-leading rusher behind Donnel Pumphrey.

Texas Longhorns football
The Texas Longhorns football program is the intercollegiate team representing the University of Texas at Austin (variously Texas or UT) in the sport of American football. The Longhorns compete in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly Division I-A) as a member of the Southeastern Conference (SEC). Their home games are played at Darrell K Royal–Texas Memorial Stadium in Austin, Texas.

With over 950 wins, and an all-time win–loss percentage of .704, the Longhorns rank 5th and 7th on the all-time wins and win–loss records lists, respectively. Additionally, the program claims 4 national championships, 34 conference championships, 100 First Team All-Americans (63 consensus and 27 unanimous), and 2 Heisman Trophy winners.
Helene Overlach
Helene Overlach (19 July 1894 – 7 August 1983) was a German Communist party official and politician. Unusually for a woman at that time, between 1928 and 1933 she served as a member of the German parliament ("Reichstag") in Berlin, representing Electoral District 22 (Düsseldorf East). During the Hitler years her relatively high political profile before 1933 earned her the close attention of the security services. She survived, despite spending much of the time during those twelve years in prisons and concentration camps: her health was badly affected.

Reichstag Fire Decree
The Reichstag Fire Decree (German: Reichstagsbrandverordnung), officially the Decree of the Reich President for the Protection of People and State (German: Verordnung des Reichspräsidenten zum Schutz von Volk und Staat), was a decree issued by German President Paul von Hindenburg on the advice of Chancellor Adolf Hitler on 28 February 1933 in immediate response to (issued the day after) the Reichstag fire. The decree nullified many of the key civil liberties of German citizens. With the Nazis in powerful positions in the German government, the decree was used as the legal basis for the imprisonment of anyone considered to be opponents of the Nazis, and to suppress publications not considered "friendly" to the Nazi cause. The decree is considered by historians as one of the key steps in the establishment of a one-party Nazi state in Germany.
Honor Magic 6 Pro
Honor Magic 6 Pro is an Android-based smartphone developed and manufactured by Honor. It was announced on January 11, 2024, and released on January 18, 2024. It is part of the Magic Series and follows the Honor Magic 5 Pro.

Honor (company)
Honor Device Co., Ltd., commonly known as Honor (Chinese: 荣耀; pinyin: Róngyào), is a Chinese consumer electronics company majority-owned by Shenzhen Zhixin New Information Technology Co. Ltd. It was formerly a subsidiary of Huawei, which sold the brand in November 2020. Honor develops smartphones, tablet computers, wearable devices and mobile device software.