hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Act Your Age (radio series)
Act Your Age is a panel game on BBC Radio 4 hosted by Simon Mayo. The series, created by Ashley Blaker (the original radio producer of Little Britain) and Bill Matthews (co-deviser of They Think It's All Over), was first broadcast on 27 November 2008. The show features three teams of stand-up comedians from different generations: "The Up-And-Comers", featuring younger comedians, captained by Jon Richardson; "The Current Crop", featuring comedians popular at the moment, captained by Lucy Porter; and "The Old Guard", featuring older, veteran comics, captained by Roy Walker, (although in the second series, Adrian Walsh and Johnnie Casson took over for two shows each when Walker was unavailable). Most critics disliked the show. The readers of the British Comedy Guide went as far as voting it the "Worst British Radio Panel Show / Satire 2008".

Panel show
A panel show or panel game is a radio or television game show in which a panel of celebrities participate. Celebrity panelists may compete with each other, such as on The News Quiz; facilitate play by non-celebrity contestants, such as on Match Game and Blankety Blank; or do both, such as on Wait Wait Don't Tell Me. The genre can be traced to 1938, when Information Please debuted on American radio. The earliest known television panel show is Play the Game, a charades show in 1946. The modern trend of comedy panel shows can find early roots with Stop Me If You've Heard This One in 1939 and Can You Top This? in 1940. While panel shows were more popular in the past in the U.S., they are still very common in the United Kingdom.
Roger Manderscheid
Roger Manderscheid (1 March 1933, in Itzig – 1 June 2010) was a writer from Luxembourg.  He won the Batty Weber Prize in 1990 for his literary work and the inaugural Servais Prize in 1992 for De Papagei um Käschtebam.

Servais Prize
The Servais Prize for Literature (French: Prix Servais pour la littérature) is a Luxembourgish literary award, awarded since 1992 by the Servais Foundation. It is judged by a jury, and can be bestowed upon any writer from Luxembourg, regardless of format or language.
Hendrik van Gent
Hendrik van Gent (14 September 1899, Pernis – March 29, 1947, Amsterdam) was a Dutch astronomer.

He moved to South Africa in 1928 in order to observe the southern sky at the Leiden Southern Station and the Union Observatory in Johannesburg. He obtained his PhD from Leiden University in 1931. He studied variable stars and also discovered three comets, namely C/1941 K1, C/1944 K2 and C/1943 W1. The Minor Planet Center credits him with the discovery of 39 numbered minor planets during 1929–1935.

He died of a heart attack at the age of 47 while on leave in the Netherlands. The crater Van Gent on the far side of the Moon, and the asteroid 1666 van Gent are named after him.

Pernis, Netherlands
Pernis (Dutch pronunciation: [pɛrˈnɪs]) is a neighborhood and submunicipality (since 3 March 2010) of Rotterdam, Netherlands. The district has a population of 4,845 (2018) on a total area size of 1.60 km2 (0.62 sq mi). Pernis is thus a full submunicipality of Rotterdam, but the former independent municipality had its own district council already. Although surrounded by ports, Pernis has preserved its village-like atmosphere very well.

Pernis is best known for its petrochemical industry. Refineries define its skyline. Shell's sprawling complex located there is the largest oil refinery in Europe, and one of the largest in the world.

Pernis was merged with 's-Gravenambacht in 1832. It remained an independent municipality until 1934, when it was merged into Rotterdam.
Arjun Jang Bahadur Singh
Arjun Jang Bahadur Singh (Nepali: अर्जुन जंगबहादुर सिंह) is a Nepalese politician. He was elected to the Pratinidhi Sabha in the 1999 election on behalf of the Nepali Congress.

Singh was the NC candidate in the Bahjang-1 constituency for the 2008 Constituent Assembly election.

1999 Nepalese general election
General elections were held in Nepal on 3 and 17 May 1999. The Nepali Congress emerged as the largest party, gaining 28 seats, while the Communist Party of Nepal (Unified Marxist-Leninist) (CPN–UML) lost 17.
Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
The Department for Business, Energy, and Industrial Strategy (BEIS) was a ministerial department of the United Kingdom Government, from July 2016 to February 2023.

The department was formed during a machinery of government change on 14 July 2016, following Theresa May's appointment as Prime Minister. It was created by a merger between the Department for Business, Innovation, and Skills and the Department of Energy and Climate Change.

On 7 February 2023, under the Rishi Sunak premiership, the department was dissolved. Its functions were split into three new departments: the Department for Business and Trade, the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero, and the Department for Science, Innovation, and Technology. Grant Shapps, the final secretary of state for the old department, became the first Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero.

Departments of the Government of the United Kingdom
The Government of the United Kingdom is divided into departments that each have responsibility, according to the government, for putting government policy into practice. There are currently 24 ministerial departments, 20 non-ministerial departments, and 422 agencies and other public bodies, for a total of 465 departments.
Lilith (album)
Lilith is the third album by the American heavy metal band Butcher Babies. It was released on October 27, 2017, through Century Media Records and was produced by Steve Evetts. It is the band's first release with drummer Chase Brickenden and their final release with bassist Jason Klein before his departure from the band in 2019. The album reached number 11 on the Billboard Independent Albums chart, and number 15 on the Billboard Hard Rock Albums chart. The standard edition of the album contains 11 tracks; the deluxe edition includes 5 bonus tracks from the band's 2014 covers EP Uncovered. The album art, insert panel and tour posters were designed by artist Justin Paul

Century Media Records
Century Media Records is a German heavy metal record label with offices in Germany, the United States and the United Kingdom. In August 2015, Century Media was acquired by Sony Music for US$17 million.
Operación Triunfo series 6
Operación Triunfo is a Spanish reality television music competition to find new singing talent. The sixth  series, also known as Operación Triunfo 2008, aired on Telecinco from 8 April 2008 to 22 July 2008, presented by Jesús Vázquez.

Virginia Maestro was the winner of the series.

Mónica Naranjo
Mónica Naranjo Carrasco (born 23 May 1974) is a Spanish singer widely popular in Spain and Latin America and recognised as one of the most powerful voices of the Spanish and Latin American music scenes. She has performed with singers such as Luciano Pavarotti, Rocío Jurado and Mina Mazzini amongst others.
Riffa Views Skins Game
The Riffa Views Skins Game was a skins game, that was contested only once in 2008, by some of the world's top golfers. It was sponsored by Riffa Views Estates in Bahrain.

The event in 2008 was played over The Montgomerie course at Riffa Views Signature Estates. The Montgomerie was designed by Colin Montgomerie, who also competed in the event alongside Camilo Villegas, Michael Campbell, and Retief Goosen. Goosen was the overall skins and money winner after winning the final $50,000 skin in a shootout on the 18th hole.

Colin Montgomerie
Colin Stuart Montgomerie (born 23 June 1963) is a Scottish professional golfer. He has won a record eight European Tour Order of Merit titles, including a streak of seven consecutive ones from 1993 to 1999. He has won 31 European Tour events, third among European players, placing him fourth on the all-time list of golfers with most European Tour victories. However, Montgomerie never won on the PGA Tour.

Montgomerie won three consecutive Volvo PGA Championships at Wentworth Club between 1998 and 2000. He has finished runner-up on five occasions in major championships and his career-high world ranking is second. He was inducted into the World Golf Hall of Fame in 2013.

After turning 50 in 2013, Montgomerie has had a successful career on the PGA Tour Champions and European Senior Tour, including winning three senior major championships.
Orconectes packardi
Orconectes packardi, the Appalachian cave crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Kentucky, where it is found in 16 caves in four southeastern counties in the Cumberland River basin.

Formerly a subspecies of O. australis, it was raised to species status by Buhay and Crandall in 2008.

Keith A. Crandall
Keith A. Crandall is an American computational biologist, bioinformaticist, and population geneticist at George Washington University, where he is the founding director of the Computational Biology Institute, and professor in the Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics.
The Emperor of the Moon
The Emperor of the Moon is a Restoration farce written by Aphra Behn in 1687, based on Italian commedia dell'arte. It was Behn's second most successful play (after The Rover), probably due to the lightness of the plot and its accompanying musical and spectacular entertainment. The music is largely lost today. The play was not fitted out like a big opera, because producers were unwilling to finance a costly opera following the failure of Dryden's Albion and Albanius. The plan was to make audiences come back to the playhouse and attend an affordable mini-spectacle like The Emperor of the Moon.

It was first staged at the Dorset Garden Theatre by the United Company. The original cast included Cave Underhill as Dr Baliardo, Anthony Leigh as Scaramouch, Thomas Jevon as Harlequin, Sarah Cooke as Elvira and Katherine Corey as Mopsophil.

John Dryden
John Dryden (/ˈdraɪdən/; 19 August [O.S. 9 August] 1631 – 12 May [O.S. 1 May] 1700) was an English poet, literary critic, translator, and playwright who in 1668 was appointed England's first Poet Laureate.

He is seen as dominating the literary life of Restoration England to such a point that the period came to be known in literary circles as the Age of Dryden. Romantic writer Sir Walter Scott called him "Glorious John".
Linda Holmes
Linda Holmes (born March 16, 1959) is a Democratic member of the Illinois Senate, representing the 42nd District since January 2007. The 42nd district includes all or parts of Aurora, Boulder Hill, Montgomery, Naperville, North Aurora and Oswego.

Prior to her service in the Illinois Senate, she served on the Kane County Board.

Montgomery, Illinois
Montgomery is a village within the Chicago Metropolitan Area of Kane and Kendall counties, Illinois. The village is a suburb/exurb of Chicago located roughly 45 miles (72 km) southwest of the city. The population was 20,262 at the 2020 census.
History Revisited: The Remixes
History Revisited: The Remixes is a 1991 album comprising remixes of hit Talk Talk songs. It followed the successful greatest hits collection Natural History, released the year before. The band itself did not take part in the making of the album and condemned its release; consequently, they sued their former record label EMI for using Talk Talk material without permission.

Life's What You Make It (Talk Talk song)
"Life's What You Make It" is a song by English band Talk Talk, initially released in Germany on 18 November 1985 as the first single from the band's third studio album The Colour of Spring, before being released in the UK on 6 January 1986 and becoming a hit, peaking at No. 16, and charted in numerous other countries, often reaching the top 20. It appeared at No. 90 on the Billboard Hot 100 the weeks of February 15 and 22, 1986.

Artist James Marsh created the single's cover illustration. The track was re-released as a single in 1990, charting for a second time.
Lokot (inhabited locality)
Lokot (Russian: Локоть) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Lokot, Bryansk Oblast, a work settlement in Brasovsky District of Bryansk Oblast

Rural localities

Lokot, Loktevsky District, Altai Krai, a selo in Loktevsky Selsoviet of Loktevsky District of Altai Krai

Lokot, Loktevsky District, Altai Krai
Lokot (Russian: Локоть) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Loktevsky Selsoviet of Loktevsky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 1,066 as of 2016. There are  14 streets.
Lucía Corpacci
Lucía Benigna Corpacci (born 4 December 1959) is an Argentine physician and politician. A member of the Justicialist Party, she was governor of Catamarca Province from 2011 to 2019, the first female governor in Catamarca and the fourth female governor of a province in Argentina.

From 2019 to 2021 she has been a member of the Argentine Chamber of Deputies, and since 2021 she is a National Senator representing Catamarca.

Argentine Senate
The Chamber of Senators of the Argentine Nation (Spanish: Cámara de Senadores de la Nación Argentina) or Senate, officially the Honorable Chamber of Senators of the Argentine Nation (Spanish: Honorable Cámara de Senadores de la Nación Argentina) is the upper house of the National Congress of Argentina.
Vilna offensive
The Vilna offensive was a campaign of the Polish–Soviet War of 1919–1921. The Polish army launched an offensive on April 16, 1919, to take Vilnius from the Red Army. After three days of street fighting from April 19–21, the city was captured by Polish forces, causing the Red Army to retreat. During the offensive, the Poles also succeeded in securing the nearby cities of Lida, Pinsk, Navahrudak, and Baranovichi.

The Red Army launched a series of counterattacks in late April, all of which failed.  The Soviets briefly recaptured the city a year later, in spring 1920, when the Polish army was retreating along the entire front. In the aftermath, the Vilna offensive would cause much turmoil on the political scene in Poland and abroad.

Henry Morgenthau Sr.
Henry Morgenthau (/ˈmɔːrɡəntaʊ/; April 26, 1856 – November 25, 1946) was a German-born American lawyer and businessman, best known for his role as the ambassador to the Ottoman Empire during World War I. Morgenthau was one of the most prominent Americans who spoke about the Greek genocide and the Armenian genocide of which he stated, "I am firmly convinced that this is the greatest crime of the ages."

Morgenthau was the father of the politician Henry Morgenthau Jr. His grandchildren include Robert M. Morgenthau, District Attorney of Manhattan for 35 years, and Barbara W. Tuchman, a historian who earned the Pulitzer Prize for her book The Guns of August.
Robert Wichard Pohl
Robert Wichard Pohl (10 August 1884 – 5 June 1976) was a German physicist and professor of the University of Göttingen. The physical institute in Göttingen led by Pohl was one of the first schools in solid state physics and Nevill Francis Mott described Pohl as the "father of solid state physics.". He is known for relating color in alkali metal halides with the presence of vacancies and F-centers (also called color centers), a type of crystallographic defect. He also demonstrated the first transistor based on color centers. The Gudden–Pohl effect and the Pohl torsion pendulum (Pohl wheel) are named after him.

Crystallographic defect
A crystallographic defect is an interruption of the regular patterns of arrangement of atoms or molecules in crystalline solids. The positions and orientations of particles, which are repeating at fixed distances determined by the unit cell parameters in crystals, exhibit a periodic crystal structure, but this is usually imperfect. Several types of defects are often characterized: point defects, line defects, planar defects, bulk defects. Topological homotopy establishes a mathematical method of characterization.
Pure Church of Christ
The Pure Church of Christ was the first known schismatic organization to emerge within the Latter Day Saint movement (LDS).

The Pure Church of Christ was organized in 1831 in Kirtland, Ohio by Wycam Clark, Northrop Sweet, and four others who claimed that LDS founder Joseph Smith was a false prophet. They had a few meetings and soon disbanded. According to speeches made by George A. Smith that were recorded in the LDS Journal of Discourses, this church never had more than six members.

George A. Smith
George Albert Smith (June 26, 1817 – September 1, 1875) was an early leader in the Latter Day Saint movement. He served in the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles and as a member of the First Presidency of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).

Smith was a prominent leader in the settlement of many communities in southern Utah, and played a role in the chain of events preceding the Mountain Meadows Massacre on September 11, 1857. The city of St. George, Utah, may have been named after him.
Preureteric vena cava
Preureteric vena cava or retrocaval ureter is an uncommon congenital anomaly where the right ureter runs behind and medial to the inferior vena cava (IVC) due to dysgenesis of the IVC.  This abnormality has been diagnosed using computed tomography urography (CTU), nuclear scintigraphy, ultrasound, intravenous urography, and magnetic resonance urography (MRU).  When the illness manifests symptoms, surgery, either open or laparoscopic, is used to treat it.

Dysgenesis (embryology)
Dysgenesis is an abnormal organ development during embryonic growth and development. As opposed to agenesis, which refers to the complete failure of an organ to develop, dysgenesis usually implies disordered development or malformation and in some cases represents the milder end of a spectrum of abnormalities. Dysgenesis occurs during fetal development immediately after conception.
2019 Australian Open – Men's doubles
Pierre-Hugues Herbert and Nicolas Mahut won the men's doubles tennis title at the 2019 Australian Open, defeating Henri Kontinen and John Peers in the final, 6–4, 7–6(7–1). They are the first French players to achieve the Career Grand Slam as well as only the 8th Men's Doubles pair to achieve this feat.

Oliver Marach and Mate Pavić were the defending champions, but lost to Máximo González and Nicolás Jarry in the second round.

Máximo González
Máximo González Mereira (Latin American Spanish: [ˈmaɣsimo ɣonˈsales meˈɾejɾa]; born July 20, 1983) is an Argentine professional tennis player. His career-high singles ranking is World No. 58, achieved in July 2009 and his career-high doubles ranking is World No. 10 achieved on 11 September 2023.
Bucculatrix flexuosa
Bucculatrix flexuosa is a moth in the family Bucculatricidae. The species was described in 1897 by Thomas de Grey, 6th Baron Walsingham. It is found in the West Indies.

The larvae feed on Acacia nilotica.

Vachellia nilotica
Vachellia nilotica, more commonly known as Acacia nilotica, and by the vernacular names of gum arabic tree, babul, thorn mimosa, Egyptian acacia or thorny acacia, is a flowering tree in the family Fabaceae. It is native to Africa, the Middle East and the Indian subcontinent.
Vasil Bykaŭ
Vasil Uladzimiravič Bykaŭ (also spelled Vasil Bykov, Belarusian: Васі́ль Уладзі́міравіч Бы́каў, Russian: Василь Влади́мирович Быков; 19 June 1924 – 22 June 2003) was a Belarusian dissident and opposition politician, junior lieutenant, and author of novels and novellas about World War II. A significant figure in Soviet and Belarusian literature and civic thought, his work earned him endorsements for the Nobel Prize nomination from, among others, Nobel Prize laureates Joseph Brodsky and Czesław Miłosz.

Dissident
A dissident is a person who actively challenges an established political or religious system, doctrine, belief, policy, or institution. In a religious context, the word has been used since the 18th century, and in the political sense since the 20th century, coinciding with the rise of authoritarian governments in countries such as Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, Francoist Spain, the Soviet Union (and later Russia), North Korea, China, Turkmenistan and the Middle East. In the Western world, there are historical examples of people who have been considered and have considered themselves dissidents, such as the Dutch philosopher Baruch Spinoza. In totalitarian countries, dissidents are often incarcerated or executed without explicit political accusations, or due to infringements of the very same laws they are opposing, or because they are supporting civil liberties such as freedom of speech.
Cime de Pépin
The Cime de Pépin (also known as Mont Pepino) is a mountain whose peak is 2,344 meters (7,690 feet) above sea level. It is in the Mercantour National Park, close by the Col de Tende, in the Ligurian Alps, France.
The mountain can be climbed via an easy hiking trail that starts from the Tenda Pass.

Ligurian Alps
The Ligurian Alps are a mountain range in northwestern Italy. A small part is located in France. They form the south-western extremity of the Alps, separated from the Apennines by the Colle di Cadibona. The Col de Tende and the Vermenagna valley separate them from the Maritime Alps. They form the border between Piedmont in the north and Liguria in the south.
Gokoku-ji (Okinawa)
Gokoku-ji (護国寺; lit. "Protection of the Nation Temple"; Okinawan: 波上の寺, Nanmin-nu-tira) is a Shingon Buddhist temple in Naha, Okinawa. Established in 1367, the temple served as a major national temple for the Okinawan kingdom of Chūzan and the unified Ryūkyū Kingdom which would follow. It is well known for its associations with Christian missionary Bernard Jean Bettelheim and with the 1853-1854 visits by Commodore Matthew Perry to Okinawa.

Matthew C. Perry
Matthew Calbraith Perry (April 10, 1794 – March 4, 1858) was a United States Navy officer who commanded ships in several wars, including the War of 1812 and the Mexican–American War. He led the Perry Expedition that ended Japan's isolationism and signed the Convention of Kanagawa between Japan and the United States in 1854.

Perry was interested in the education of naval officers and assisted in the development of an apprentice system that helped establish the curriculum at the United States Naval Academy. With the advent of the steam engine, he became a leading advocate of modernizing the U.S. Navy and came to be considered "The Father of the Steam Navy" in the United States.
Jedlová railway station
Jedlová railway station (Czech: Jedlová) is located in the Lusatian Mountains, Czech Republic. It is situated in the middle of a forest 4 km south of the town of Jiřetín pod Jedlovou. It is a railway junction between Czech Railways lines 80 (Bakov nad Jizerou – Česká Lípa – Jedlová) and 81 (Děčín – Jedlová – Rumburk). Intercity trains from Kolín to Šluknov stop at the station.

The station building has a restaurant and serves as a tourist center for the forested area. The station often serves as a starting or end point for various excursions around the Lusatian Mountains.

Jiřetín pod Jedlovou
Jiřetín pod Jedlovou (German: Sankt Georgenthal) is a municipality and village in Děčín District in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 700 inhabitants. The historic centre with the area of Křížová hora is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone.
Raschig process
The Raschig process could mean:

The Raschig process for the production of hydroxylamine

The Olin Raschig process for the production of hydrazine

The Raschig–Hooker process for the production of phenol

Olin Raschig process
The Olin Raschig process is a chemical process for the production of hydrazine. The main steps in this process, patented by German chemist Friedrich Raschig in 1906 and one of three reactions named after him, are the formation of monochloramine from ammonia and hypochlorite, and the subsequent reaction of monochloramine with ammonia towards hydrazine. The process was further optimised and used by the Olin Corporation for the production of anhydrous hydrazine for aerospace applications.