hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Karbasyanda
Karbasyanda or Carbasianda (Ancient Greek: Καρβασυανδα) was a town of ancient Caria. It was a member of the Delian League since it appears in tribute records of Athens between the years 454/3 and 421/0 BCE, paying a phoros or 1000 drachmae. The territory of Karbasyanda bordered that of Kaunos.

Its site is suggested to be located on a hill located 1 mile (1.6 km) southwest of the ruins of Kaunos, Asiatic Turkey.

Caria
Caria (/ˈkɛəriə/; from Greek: Καρία, Karia; Turkish: Karya) was a region of western Anatolia extending along the coast from mid-Ionia (Mycale) south to Lycia and east to Phrygia. The Carians were described by Herodotus as being Anatolian mainlanders and they called themselves Caria because of the name of their king. He reports the Carians themselves maintained that they were Anatolian mainlanders intensely engaged in seafaring and were akin to the Mysians and the Lydians. The Carians spoke Carian, a native Anatolian language closely related to Luwian. Also closely associated with the Carians were the Leleges, which could be an earlier name for Carians.
Siasi
Siasi, officially the Siasi City, Province of Sulu (Tausūg: Kawman sin Siasi; Filipino: lungsod ng Siasi), is a City in the province of Sulu, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 100,076 people.

Tausug language
Tausūg (Bahasa Sūg, بَهَسَ سُوْغْ, Filipino: Bahása Sug, Malay: Bahasa Suluk, بهاس سولوق, lit. 'Language of Sulu/the Tausūg people') is an Austronesian language spoken in the province of Sulu in the Philippines and in the eastern area of the state of Sabah, Malaysia. It is widely spoken in the Sulu Archipelago (Sulu, Tawi-Tawi, and Basilan), the Zamboanga Peninsula (Zamboanga del Norte, Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Sur, and Zamboanga City), southern Palawan, Malaysia (eastern Sabah), and Indonesia (Tarakan City and Nunukan Regency, province of North Kalimantan).

Tausūg has some lexical similarities or near similarities with Surigaonon language of the provinces Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur, and Agusan del Sur and with the Butuanon language of Agusan del Norte; it has also some vocabulary similarities with Sugbuanon, Bicolano, and with other Philippine languages. Many Malay and Arabic words are found in Tausug language.
Battle on the Elster
Battle on the Elster (German: Schlacht bei Hohenmölsen) was the third and last battle between the Salian king Henry IV of Germany and anti-king Rudolf of Rheinfelden, fought on October 14, 1080 near Hohenmölsen on the White Elster river. Rudolf's forces were victorious; however, he was mortally wounded and succumbed to his injuries the next day.

White Elster
The White Elster (German: Weiße Elster [ˌvaɪsə ˈʔɛlstɐ] ⓘ; Czech: Bílý Halštrov) is a 257-kilometre-long (160 mi) river in central Europe. It is a right tributary of the Saale. The source of the White Elster is in the westernmost part of the Czech Republic, in the territory of Hazlov. After a few kilometres, it flows into eastern Germany where it cuts through the Vogtland in (according to the Encyclopædia Britannica) a "deep and picturesque valley". In Germany it flows through the states of Saxony, Thuringia and Saxony-Anhalt. The White Elster flows through the cities of Plauen, Greiz, Gera, Zeitz, Pegau and Leipzig, and into the river Saale in Halle.
Symphony No. 12 (Shostakovich)
Symphony No. 12 in D minor, Op. 112, titled The Year 1917, was composed by Dmitri Shostakovich in 1961. He dedicated it to the memory of Vladimir Lenin. Although the performance on October 1, 1961, by the Leningrad Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Yevgeny Mravinsky was billed as the official premiere, the actual first performance took place two hours earlier that same day in Kuybyshev by the Kuybyshev State Philharmonic Orchestra conducted by Abram Stasevich.

Symphonic poem
A symphonic poem or tone poem is a piece of orchestral music, usually in a single continuous movement, which illustrates or evokes the content of a poem, short story, novel, painting, landscape, or other (non-musical) source. The German term Tondichtung (tone poem) appears to have been first used by the composer Carl Loewe in 1828. The Hungarian composer Franz Liszt first applied the term Symphonische Dichtung to his 13 works in this vein, which commenced in 1848.
Stiquito
Stiquito (pronounced sti ke to) is a small, inexpensive hexapod (i.e., six-legged) robot commonly used by universities, high schools, and hobbyists, since 1992.

Stiquito's "muscles" are made of nitinol, a shape memory alloy that expands and contracts, roughly emulating the operation of a muscle. The application of heat causes a crystalline structure change in the wire. Nitinol contracts when heated and returns to its original size and shape when cooled.

Stiquito was developed by Jonathan W. Mills of Indiana University as an inexpensive vehicle for his research.  He soon found its applications extended to educational uses.  It has been used to introduce students to the concepts of analogue electronics, digital electronics, computer control, and robotics.  It has also been used for advanced topics such as subsumption architectures, artificial intelligence, and advanced computer architecture.

Analogue electronics
Analogue electronics (American English: analog electronics) are electronic systems with a continuously variable signal, in contrast to digital electronics where signals usually take only two levels. The term analogue describes the proportional relationship between a signal and a voltage or current that represents the signal. The word analogue is derived from the Greek word ανάλογος analogos meaning proportional.
Vietnam women's national under-23 volleyball team
Vietnam women's national under-23 volleyball team (Vietnamese: Đội tuyển bóng chuyền nữ U23 quốc gia Việt Nam) represents Vietnam in women's under-23 volleyball events. It is controlled and managed by the Volleyball Federation of Vietnam (VFF) that is a member of Asian volleyball body Asian Volleyball Confederation (AVC) and the international volleyball body government the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB).

Volleyball Federation of Vietnam
The Volleyball Federation of Vietnam (VFV; Vietnamese: Liên đoàn Bóng chuyền Việt Nam) is the national governing body for volleyball in Vietnam. It was founded in 1961, and has been a member of FIVB since 1991. It is also a member of the Asian Volleyball Confederation. The VFV is responsible for organizing the Vietnam men's national volleyball team and Vietnam women's national volleyball team.
William Littlewood
William Littlewood was an aeronautical engineer noted for his contributions to the design and operational requirements of transport aircraft. He graduated from Cornell University in 1920 and was the only person to preside over both SAE and AIAA, two of the main aerospace professional organizations. He won the Wright Brothers Medal in 1935 for a paper on the operational requirements of transports and is memorialized by the SAE "William Littlewood Memorial Lecture", and was a recipient of Daniel Guggenheim Medal in 1958 For leadership and continuous personal participation over a quarter of a century in developing the equipment and operating techniques of air transport.

Daniel Guggenheim Medal
The Daniel Guggenheim Medal is an American engineering award, established by Daniel and Harry Guggenheim. The medal is considered to be one of the greatest honors that can be presented for a lifetime of work in aeronautics.  Its first recipient was Orville Wright. Other recipients have included American and international individuals from aeronautical corporations, governments, and academia.

Since 1929 it has been given annually to persons who make notable achievements in the advancement of aeronautics. It is awarded jointly by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the Society of Automotive Engineers, the American Helicopter Society, and the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics.  The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics administers the award.
2020 Washington State Senate election
The 2020 Washington State Senate elections took place as part of the biennial 2020 United States elections. Washington voters elected state senators in 26 of the 49 state legislative districts. Elections to the Washington State Senate were held on November 3, 2020.

Following the previous election in 2018, Democrats held a 28-seat majority in the Senate, compared to Republicans' 21 seats. Senators who did not run for re-election were Randi Becker, Maureen Walsh, and Hans Zeiger (all Republicans).

Democrats retained control of the Washington State Senate following the 2020 general election, with the balance of power remaining unchanged: 28 (D) to 21 (R).

Washington State Democratic Party
The Washington State Democratic Party is the affiliate of the Democratic Party in the U.S. state of Washington, headquartered in Seattle. It is also commonly referred to as the Washington State Democrats and the Washington Democratic Party. It is currently the dominant party in the state, controlling the majority of Washington's U.S. House seats, both U.S. Senate seats, both houses of the state legislature, and the governorship.
Clues (Star Trek: The Next Generation)
"Clues" is the 14th episode of the fourth season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: The Next Generation, it originally aired on February 11, 1991, in broadcast syndication. The teleplay was written by Bruce D. Arthurs and Joe Menosky from a story by Arthurs and was directed by Les Landau.

Set in the 24th century, the series follows the adventures of the Starfleet crew of the Federation starship Enterprise-D. While en route to investigate a mysterious planet, the entire crew, with the exception of Lieutenant Commander Data, is rendered unconscious by an apparent wormhole. After they revive, Data explains that they were unconscious for only thirty seconds but a variety of clues discovered around the ship seem to indicate that he is lying.

Starfleet
Starfleet is a fictional organization in the Star Trek media franchise. Within this fictional universe, Starfleet is a uniformed space force maintained by the United Federation of Planets (often called "the Federation" in the franchise) as the principal means for conducting deep space exploration, research, defense, peacekeeping, and diplomacy (although Starfleet predates the Federation, having originally been an Earth organization, as shown by the television series Star Trek: Enterprise). While most of Starfleet's members are human and it has been headquartered on Earth, hundreds of other species are also represented. Most of the franchise's protagonists are Starfleet commissioned officers.
Sromutka
Sromutka [srɔˈmutka] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Zelów, within Bełchatów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south of Zelów, 12 km (7 mi) north-west of Bełchatów, and 43 km (27 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Bełchatów County
Bełchatów County (Polish: powiat bełchatowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Bełchatów, which lies 47 kilometres (29 mi) south of the regional capital Łódź. The only other town in the county is Zelów, lying 16 km (10 mi) north-west of Bełchatów.

The county covers an area of 969.21 square kilometres (374.2 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 112,640, out of which the population of Bełchatów is 62,062, that of Zelów is 8,173, and the rural population is 42,405.
Serviços Aéreos Cruzeiro do Sul Flight 114
Serviços Aéreos Cruzeiro do Sul Flight 114 was a domestic passenger flight hijacked by five members of VAR-Palmares, a guerrilla group against the Brazilian military dictatorship, on 1 January 1970. The hijacking began in Montevideo, Uruguay, in a plane operated by Serviços Aéreos Cruzeiro do Sul, which would fly from Carrasco International Airport in Montevideo to Rio de Janeiro/Galeão International Airport in Rio de Janeiro, but it was detoured to Havana. It was the longest hijacking occurred during the military period in Brazil.

Carrasco International Airport
Carrasco/General Cesáreo L. Berisso International Airport (IATA: MVD, ICAO: SUMU) is the main international airport of Uruguay.  It is the country's largest airport and is located in the Carrasco neighborhood of Montevideo. It has been cited as one of the most efficient and traveler-friendly airports in Latin America.

The airport is named after Cesáreo L. Berisso, a pioneer of Uruguayan aviation, and it also hosts an air base of the Uruguayan Air Force.
Knewstubb Lake
Knewstubb Lake is an arm or stretch of the Ootsa Lake Reservoir in the Nechako Country of the western Central Interior of British Columbia, Canada.  It forms part of the south arm of the reservoir, which includes adjoining stretches such as Eutsuk Lake and Natalkuz Lake, which are "upstream" to the southwest.  Ootsa Lake was formed by the damming and diversion of the flow of the Nechako River, the bulk of which is now drained beneath the spine of the Coast Mountains to the west to the Kemano Powerhouse, which is the power supply for the aluminum smelter at Kitimat, to the southeast of Terrace.

Knewstubb Lake is named for F.W. Knewstubb of the British Columbia government's Water Rights Branch, who led exploration parties for power development in various regions of the Coast Mountains in the 1920s.  Mount Knewstubb  to the south of Franklyn Arm of Chilko Lake is also named for F.W. Knewstubb.

Kitimat
Kitimat is a district municipality in the North Coast region of British Columbia, Canada. It is a member municipality of the Regional District of Kitimat–Stikine regional government. The Kitimat Valley is part of the most populous urban district in northwest British Columbia, which includes Terrace to the north along the Skeena River Valley. The city was planned and built by the Aluminum Company of Canada (Alcan) during the 1950s.  Its post office was approved on 6 June 1952.

Kitimat's municipal area is 242.63 km2 (93.68 sq mi). It is located on tidewater in one of the few wide, flat valleys on the coast of British Columbia. The 2021 census recorded 8,236 citizens.

The District of Kitimat Development Services situates the port of Kitimat as an integral part of the Northwest Corridor connecting North America to the Pacific Ocean and the Pacific Rim.
Nu (letter)
Nu (/ˈnjuː/ ⓘ; uppercase Ν, lowercase ν; Greek: vι ni, [ni]) is the thirteenth letter of the Greek alphabet, representing the voiced alveolar nasal [n]. In the system of Greek numerals it has a value of 50. It is derived from the Phoenician letter nun (𐤍). Its Latin equivalent is N, though the lowercase () resembles the Roman lowercase v.

The name of the letter is νῦ (nû, [nŷː]) in Ancient Greek, while in Modern Greek it is νι (ni, [ni]).

Letters that arose from nu include N in the Latin script and En (Н) in Cyrillic.

Greek numerals
Greek numerals, also known as Ionic, Ionian, Milesian, or Alexandrian numerals, is a system of writing numbers using the letters of the Greek alphabet. In modern Greece, they are still used for ordinal numbers and in contexts similar to those in which Roman numerals are still used in the Western world. For ordinary cardinal numbers, however, modern Greece uses Arabic numerals.
Sibyl Harton
Sibyl Harton (1898–1993) was a major Church of England writer during the twentieth century. She was a correspondent with Thomas Merton during the 1960s, and visited him at the Abbey of Our Lady of Gethsemani in Bardstown, Kentucky. She is generally associated with an Anglo-Catholic perspective in theological writing. Harton was a frequent contributor to The Living Church magazine in the United States and published book reviews in English theological periodicals. She was a popular retreat director in the Episcopal Church during the 1960s and 1970s, and a vocal opponent of the ordination of women to the priesthood.

She was the wife and widow of Frederic Harton (1889-1958), Dean of Wells, a theological author in his own right who made significant adaptation of French- and Italian-language spiritual writing into an Anglican reading context.

Thomas Merton
Thomas Merton OCSO (January 31, 1915 – December 10, 1968), religious name M. Louis, was an American Trappist monk, theologian, mystic, poet, and social activist. He was a professed member of the Abbey of Our Lady of Gethsemani, near Bardstown, Kentucky, living there from 1941 to his death.

Merton wrote more than 50 books in a period of 27 years, mostly on spirituality, social justice, and pacifism, as well as scores of essays and reviews. Among Merton's most widely-read works is his bestselling autobiography The Seven Storey Mountain (1948).

Merton became a keen proponent of interfaith understanding, exploring Eastern religions through study and practice. He pioneered dialogue with prominent Asian spiritual figures.
Jung Woo-young
Jung Woo-young (Korean: 정우영; born 14 December 1989) is a South Korean professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder or a centre-back for Kataller Toyama and the South Korea national team.  He was part of the South Korean team that won bronze at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

Kataller Toyama
Kataller Toyama (カターレ富山, Katāre Toyama) is a football club based in Toyama, Capital of Toyama Prefecture. The club currently play in J2 League  after promotion from J3 in 2024, Japanese second tier of professional football.
Rich Erenberg
Richard Mark Erenberg (born April 17, 1962) is an American former professional football player who was a running back for three seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Colgate Raiders before playing in the NFL for the Pittsburgh Steelers, who selected him 247th overall in the ninth round of the 1984 NFL draft. As of 2009, he was tied for the most kickoff returns in a single game by a Steeler with seven on September 2, 1984. He currently resides in Peters Township, Pennsylvania.

1984 NFL draft
The 1984 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players. It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting. The draft was held May 1–2, 1984, at the Omni Park Central Hotel in New York City, New York. No teams elected to claim any players in the regular supplemental draft that year. However, the NFL did have a special supplemental draft for college seniors who had already signed with the USFL or CFL on June 5, 1984.

The 1984 draft was the first in ten years in which a quarterback was not selected in the first round; the first quarterback selected in 1984 was Boomer Esiason, who was selected by the Cincinnati Bengals in the second round with the 38th overall pick. The New England Patriots used the first overall pick of the draft to select wide receiver Irving Fryar.
Bramston Beach (politician)
William Wither Bramston Beach PC (25 December 1826 – 3 August 1901) was an English Conservative politician, who served in the House of Commons for 44 years between 1857 and 1901, becoming Father of the House of Commons in 1899.

Father of the House
Father of the House is a title that has been traditionally bestowed, unofficially, on certain members of some legislatures, most notably the House of Commons in the United Kingdom. In some legislatures the title refers to the longest continuously serving member, while in others it refers to the oldest member. Recently, the title Mother of the House or Mother of Parliament has also been used, although the usage varies among countries; it is either the female alternative to Father of the House, being applied when the relevant member is a woman, or refers to the oldest or longest-serving woman without reference to male members.
Lakhminia railway station
Lakhminia railway station is a railway station in Lakhminia village in the Sonpur division of East Central Railway. Begusarai is better known as the Industrial Capital of Bihar, the birthplace of noted person Thomas Edward Ravenshaw. 851211 is village postcode.

East Central Railway zone
The East Central Railway (ECR) is one of the 19 railway zones in India, serving primarily the eastern and central regions of the country. Headquartered in Hajipur, Bihar, the zone manages a vast network of railway lines across five divisions: Sonpur, Samastipur, Dhanbad, Danapur & Deen Dayal Upadhyaya
2018–19 Martyr's Memorial A-Division League
The 2018–19 Martyr's Memorial A-Division League (Nepali: शहीद स्मारक ए डिभिजन लीग २०७५) season, also known as Pulsar Martyr's Memorial A-Division League for sponsorship reasons, was the 42nd edition of the Martyr's Memorial A-Division League since its establishment in 1954-55. A total of 16 teams competed in the league. The season began on 29 September 2018 and concluded on 8 January 2019. It was the first top-division league held in the country since the 2015 National League due to aftermath of the 2015 Nepal earthquake. On 16 September 2018, it was decided that there will be no relegation, however the two bottom-placed teams would have two and one points deducted, respectively, in the following season.

Manang Marshyangdi Club, the defending champions, successfully defended their title on 28 December with two games to spare.

Martyr's Memorial A-Division League
Martyr's Memorial A-Division League, (Nepali: शहीद स्मारक ए- डिभिजन लिग; formerly known as the Kathmandu League Championship), also known as the Qatar Airways Martyr's Memorial A-Division League for sponsorship reasons, is a professional football league in Nepal and the highest level of football in Nepal.

Administered and organized by All Nepal Football Association, it is contested by 14 teams, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the Martyr's Memorial B-Division League. The season usually runs from November to March with each team playing every other team twice.

A new Nepal National League was created in 2011 to give a chance to compete at A level tournaments to the clubs outside Kathmandu valley. There were 9 clubs competing in the National League, 5 of which are teams of Martyr's Memorial A-Division League.

Champion of the league for the season is granted qualification into the Asian continental club competition, the AFC Challenge League.
Belemnobatis
Belemnobatis is an extinct genus of rays from the Late Jurassic. It has been regarded as related to other Jurassic rays in the family Asterodermidae. It is possible this genus is a wastebasket taxon. It is known from many sites of both Jurassic and Cretaceous age throughout Europe and a single Asian occurrence in the middle Jurassic of Thailand.

Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third epoch of the Jurassic period, and it spans the geologic time from 161.5 ± 1.0 to 143.1 ± 0.6 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic strata.

In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age. In the past, Malm was also used to indicate the unit of geological time, but this usage is now discouraged to make a clear distinction between lithostratigraphic and geochronologic/chronostratigraphic units.
Herman Wedel Jarlsberg
Count Johan Caspar Herman Wedel Jarlsberg (21 September 1779 – 27 August 1840) was a Norwegian statesman and nobleman. He played an active role in the constitutional assembly at Eidsvoll in 1814 and was the first native Norwegian to hold the post of Governor-general of Norway with the authority of a viceroy, representing the absent king of Norway as head of the Norwegian cabinet during the union with Sweden.

Norwegian Constituent Assembly
The Norwegian Constituent Assembly (Norwegian: Grunnlovsforsamlingen or Riksforsamlingen) is the name given to the 1814 constitutional assembly that adopted the Norwegian Constitution and formalised the dissolution of the union with Denmark. The meetings took place at the Eidsvoll Manor in the village of Eidsvoll Verk in the Eidsvoll parish in Akershus county, Norway from 10 April to 20 May 1814. In Norway, it is often just referred to as Eidsvollsforsamlingen, which means The Assembly of Eidsvoll.