hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Statistics relating to enlargement of the European Union
This is a sequence of tables giving statistical data for past and future enlargements of the European Union. All data refer to the populations, land areas, and gross domestic products (GDP) of the respective countries at the time of their accession to the European Union, illustrating historically accurate changes to the Union. The GDP figures are at purchasing power parity, in United States dollar at 1990 prices.

Purchasing power parity
Purchasing power parity (PPP) is a measure of the price of specific goods in different countries and is used to compare the absolute purchasing power of the countries' currencies. PPP is effectively the ratio of the price of a market basket at one location divided by the price of the basket of goods at a different location. The PPP inflation and exchange rate may differ from the market exchange rate because of tariffs and other transaction costs.

The purchasing power parity indicator can be used to compare economies regarding their gross domestic product (GDP), labour productivity and actual individual consumption, and in some cases to analyse price convergence and to compare the cost of living between places. The calculation of the PPP, according to the OECD, is made through a basket of goods that contains a "final product list [that] covers around 3,000 consumer goods and services, 30 occupations in government, 200 types of equipment goods and about 15 construction projects".
Chaush
The Chaush or Chaus are a community of Hadhrami Arab descent found in the Deccan region of India.

The Chaush or Chaus were brought from Yemen to work in the former Hyderabad State as military men for the Nizams. It is said that especially when it came to safe guarding his family, the 7th Nizam had absolute trust on these Arab Soldiers. They are most concentrated in Marathwada, Telangana and Hyderabad-Karnataka regions, and most of their population is concentrated in the neighbourhoods of Barkas in Hyderabad, Shasha Mahallah in Karimnagar, Al-Tamash in Aurangabad. They also live in Adilabad, Asifabad, Kagaznagar, Nizamabad, Mahabubnagar and Warangal.

Kagaznagar, Telangana
Sirpur-Kaghaznagar is a town and a municipality in Komaram Bheem Asifabad district in the state of Telangana in India. It is located about 297 kilometres from the state capital, Hyderabad, 140 kilometres from Karimnagar, 90 km from Chandrapur and 250 kilometres from Nagpur.
Shariff Kabunsuan Cultural Complex
The Shariff Kabunsuan Cultural Complex (SKCC) is a convention center in Cotabato City, Philippines. It was the meeting place of the Bangsamoro Parliament which is the regional legislature of Bangsamoro from 2019 to 2022. Its main hall has a seating capacity of 490. The building was built during the time of Simeon Datumanong, to provide space for an auditorium, library, and museum for residents of Cotabato City.

In February 4, 2019, a new museum named the Bangsamoro Museum was inaugurated by the now-defunct Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao regional government. The museum is managed by the Bangsamoro government's Bureau on Cultural Heritage.

Convention center
A convention center (American English; or conference centre in British English) is a large building that is designed to hold a convention, where individuals and groups gather to promote and share common interests. Convention centers typically offer sufficient floor area to accommodate several thousand attendees. Very large venues, suitable for major trade shows, are sometimes known as exhibition halls. Convention centers typically have at least one auditorium and may also contain concert halls, lecture halls, meeting rooms, and conference rooms. Some large resort area hotels include a convention center.

In Francophone countries, the term is palais des congrès (such as the Palais des Congrès de Paris) or centre des congrès (such as the Centre des congrès de Quebec).
Eupatorium
Eupatorium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, containing from 36 to 60 species depending on the classification system. Most are herbaceous perennials growing to 0.5–3 m (1.6–9.8 ft) tall. A few are shrubs. The genus is native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. The type species of the genus Eupatorium cannabinum, which is also the sole European species, is known as hemp-agrimony. Most in North America are commonly called boneset, thoroughwort or snakeroot. The genus is named after Mithridates VI Eupator, king of Pontus.

Apomixis
In botany, apomixis is asexual development of seed or embryo without fertilization.

Apomictically produced offspring are genetically identical to the parent plant, except in nonrecurrent apomixis.  Its etymology is Greek for "away from" + "mixing".

Normal asexual reproduction of plants, such as propagation from cuttings or leaves, has never been considered to be apomixis. In contrast to parthenocarpy, which involves seedless fruit formation without fertilization, apomictic fruits have viable seeds containing a proper embryo, with asexual origin.

In flowering plants, the term "apomixis" is used in a restricted sense to mean agamospermy, i.e. clonal reproduction through seeds. Although agamospermy could theoretically occur in gymnosperms, it appears to be absent in that group.

Some authors included all forms of asexual reproduction within apomixis, but that generalization of the term has since died out.
Andreas Athanasiou
Andreas Athanasiou (/æθənəˈsiːuː/ ath-ə-nə-SEE-oo; born August 6, 1994) is a Canadian professional ice hockey centre who is currently an unrestricted free agent. He most recently played for the Rockford IceHogs of the American Hockey League (AHL) while under contract to the Chicago Blackhawks of the National Hockey League (NHL). Athanasiou was drafted 110th overall by the Detroit Red Wings in the 2012 NHL Entry Draft.

Grand Rapids Griffins
The Grand Rapids Griffins are a professional ice hockey team based in Grand Rapids, Michigan. They compete in the American Hockey League (AHL), playing their home games at Van Andel Arena. They are the AHL affiliate to the Detroit Red Wings of the National Hockey League, and are the 2013 and 2017 Calder Cup champions.

The franchise began in the now-defunct International Hockey League in 1996 and merged into the AHL in 2001. Three players have since had their numbers retired.
K. Beerschot V.A.C.
Koninklijke Beerschot Voetbal en Atletiek Club was a Belgian football club from Antwerp, founded in 1899 when most players of Antwerp F.C. left that club. It played in the 1920 Olympic Games stadium named the "Kiel". Winners of seven Belgian league titles between 1922 and 1939 and two Belgian Cups in the 1970s, the club's 100-year history ended with dissolution in 1999. Since then, its legacy has been continued via rebranding of other local clubs: Beerschot AC (from KFC Germinal Ekeren, also now defunct) and the extant K Beerschot VA (from KFCO Wilrijk).

Football club (association football)
In association football, a football club (or association football club, alternatively soccer club) is a sports club that acts as an entity through which association football teams organise their sporting activities. The club can exist either as an independent unit or as part of a larger sports organization as a subsidiary of the parent club or organization.

The sport of association football allows teams that partake in some sort of club activity to participate in tournaments such as leagues and other competitions. Teams must register their players as well as staff and other personnel to be eligible to represent the club in any activity as it regards to association football competitions.
Heroin Man
Heroin Man is the second album by American noise rock band Cherubs, released in 1994 through Trance Syndicate. The album's title, cover, and lyrical themes were influenced by the death of Dave DeLuna, a very close friend of the band. The band broke up before the album's release, following a fight between drummer Brent Prager and bassist Owen McMahon after a live show. Over the years, it has gained a cult following within the American underground.

The band would eventually reunite in 2014, two whole decades after the release of Heroin Man. Amphetamine Reptile Records later reissued the album on CD and LP formats in July 2017, both editions featuring silk screened artwork done by Tom Hazelmyer.

Amphetamine Reptile Records
Amphetamine Reptile Records (or AmRep Industries) is a record label founded in 1986 by Tom Hazelmyer in Washington state. The label specializes in noise rock and also released Strap It On, the debut album by alternative metal band  Helmet which sold more than 40,000 records. According to Hazelmyer, the success of the album was vital to keeping AmRep going throughout the 1990s, as it "helped support the other things that sold less." The label was the subject of the 2015 documentary The Color of Noise.
Ty Carter
Ty Michael Carter (born January 25, 1980) is a retired United States Army staff sergeant and a Medal of Honor recipient. He was awarded the United States Armed Forces' highest military honor for his actions during the 2009 Battle of Kamdesh in Afghanistan. Carter left active duty in September 2014.

Awards and decorations of the United States Armed Forces
Various medals, service ribbons, ribbon devices, and specific badges recognize military service and personal accomplishments of members of the U.S. Armed Forces. Such awards are a means to outwardly display the highlights of a service member's career.
Hindostan (East Indiaman)
Three East Indiamen of the East India Company (EIC), have borne the name Hindostan, after the old name for the Indian subcontinent:

HMS Hindostan (1795) was a former East Indiaman by the same name built by William Barnard at Deptford and launched in 1789. The Admiralty purchased her in 1795 and classed her as a 54-gun fourth rate. She was converted into a storeship in 1802 and burned in an accident in 1804.

Hindostan (1796 Indiaman) was launched in 1796 and made three trips to the Far East. She was wrecked while outbound in 1803.

Hindostan was launched in 1813 and brought into the Royal Navy as HMS Buffalo that same year. She later served as a convict ship and as transport for immigrants to Australia before being wrecked in 1840.

Fourth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy, a fourth-rate was a ship of the line with two gun decks which mounted between 46 and 60 guns. They served in all conflicts the Royal Navy participated in during the early modern period until they were gradually phased out of active service during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, as their usefulness was declining; though fourth-rates often remained in service on distant stations such as the East Indies. Several fourth-rates were created by razeeing larger ships of the line, and occasionally from East Indiamen such as HMS Calcutta.
Little River, New South Wales
Little River is a rural locality in the Snowy Valleys Council local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It lies is 6 km east of Tumut, in the southern side of the valley of the  Goobarragandra River, just to the east of the confluence of that river with the Tumut River. The Goobarragandra River was once also known as 'Tumut Little River' or just as 'Little River', giving rise to the locality's name. At the 2021 census, it had a population of 38.

It lies close to the boundaries of the traditional lands of Wiradjuri, Ngarigo-speaking Walgalu and the Ngunnawal  peoples.

A part of the localities now known as Little River and Lacmalac was one of the sites proposed for Australia's national capital city. It was one of two sites near Tumut; the other being at Gadara to the west of Tumut. If the proposal for a new city at Little River had come to fruition, the Tumut railway line would have been extended to the area and a dam built on Goobarragandra River to provide a water supply.

Ngarigo
The Ngarigo people (also spelt Garego, Ngarego, Ngarago, Ngaragu, Ngarigu, Ngarrugu or Ngarroogoo) are Aboriginal Australian people of southeast New South Wales, whose traditional lands also extend around the present border with Victoria. They are named for their language, Ngarigo, which in the 19th century was said to be spoken by the Nyamudy people (also known as Namwich or Yammoitmithang).
Wierzchosław
Wierzchosław ([vjɛʂˈxɔswaf]; formerly German: Amalienhof) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Goleniów, within Goleniów County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) north of Goleniów and 28 km (17 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

The village has a population of 230.

Goleniów County
Goleniów County (Polish: powiat goleniowski) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Goleniów, which lies 22 kilometres (14 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county also contains the towns of Nowogard, lying 24 km (15 mi) north-east of Goleniów, and Maszewo, 19 km (12 mi) south-east of Goleniów.

The county covers an area of 1,616.99 square kilometres (624.3 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 78,738, out of which the population of Goleniów is 22,448, that of Nowogard is 16,745, that of Maszewo is 3,073, and the rural population is 36,472.
Teviothead
Teviothead (Scottish Gaelic: Ceann Tìbhiot) is a small village and civil parish in Teviotdale in the Scottish Borders, known locally as Teviotheid. It is located south of the River Teviot.

The Border hero Johnnie Armstrong and his men were taken prisoner and executed here in 1530, by King James V. A fine memorial stone exists in Caerlanrig churchyard, and a marker in the adjacent field shows the traditional site of the grave.
Tom Jenkins, Britain's first black schoolmaster taught at the Smithy, now occupied by the Johnnie Armstrong Gallery, from 1814 to 1818.

The poet Henry Scott Riddell died in Teviotdale and Scottish motorcycle road racer Steve Hislop died in a helicopter crash on nearby hillside moorland in the Teviot valley in 2003.

Civil parishes in Scotland
Civil parishes are small divisions used for statistical purposes and formerly for local government in Scotland.

Civil parishes gained legal functions in 1845 when parochial boards were established to administer the poor law. Their local government functions were abolished in 1930 with their powers transferred to county or burgh councils. Since 1975, they have been superseded as the smallest unit of local administration in Scotland by community councils.
Maurice Dietrich
Maurice (or Moritz, or Maurycy) Dietrich (1816–1887) was pianist and composer in Congress Poland who had moved there from the Kingdom of Saxony.

Dietrich was born in Saxony. He moved to Polish Łomża and then to Warsaw, where he died.

His compositions are for piano, mainly dances and salon pieces, but include also some opera transcriptions. They were published by Franz Spiess's firm (later passed to Rudolph Friedlein) in Warsaw from the first half of the 1840s on. Later works (from ca.1869) were printed by the André publishing house in Offenbach am Main.

Kingdom of Saxony
The Kingdom of Saxony (German: Königreich Sachsen) was a German monarchy in Central Europe between 1806 and 1918, the successor of the Electorate of Saxony. It joined the Confederation of the Rhine after the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire, later joining the German Confederation after Napoleon was defeated in 1815. From 1871, it was part of the German Empire. It became a free state of the Weimar Republic in 1918 after the end of World War I and the abdication of King Frederick Augustus III. Its capital was Dresden, and its modern successor is the Free State of Saxony.
Niels Peak
Niels Peak (Norwegian: Nielsnapen) (71°57′S 9°23′E﻿ / ﻿71.950°S 9.383°E﻿ / -71.950; 9.383) is a peak, 2,525 m, rising 3 nautical miles (6 km) north of Nergaard Peak (Nergaardnuten) in the Gagarin Mountains of the Orvin Mountains, Queen Maud Land. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos and surveys by the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition, 1956–60. Both Nergaard Peak and Niels Peak are named for Niels Nergaard, a scientific assistant with the Norwegian Antarctic Expedition, 1956–58. Both names were proposed in 1967 by the Norwegian philologist Per Hovda (1908–1997).

Gagarin Mountains
The Gagarin Mountains (Russian: Khrebet Yuriya Gagarina; Norwegian: Kurzefjella) are a linear group of mountains, trending in a north–south direction for 10 miles (16 km) between the Kurze Mountains and the Conrad Mountains of the Orvin Mountains in Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica.
Mothers Cry
Mothers Cry is a 1930 American pre-Code drama film released by First National Pictures, a subsidiary of Warner Bros. Pictures, and directed by Hobart Henley. The movie stars Dorothy Peterson, Helen Chandler, David Manners, Evalyn Knapp and Sidney Blackmer. The film is based on the popular novel of the same name written by Helen Grace Carlisle. Boris Karloff is said to have appeared in this film uncredited, but that is disputed in some sources.

Hobart Henley
Hobart Henley (born Hess Manassah Henle; November 23, 1887 – May 22, 1964) was an American silent film actor, director, screenwriter and producer. He was involved in over 60 films either as an actor or director or both from 1914 to 1934.
Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970
The Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970 (PPPA); (Pub. L. 91-601, 84 Stat. 1670-74) was signed into law by U.S. President Richard Nixon on December 30, 1970. It was enacted by the 91st United States Congress. This law required the use of child-resistant packaging for prescription drugs, over-the-counter (OTC) drugs, household chemicals, and other hazardous materials that could be considered dangerous for children.

United States Statutes at Large
The United States Statutes at Large, commonly referred to as the Statutes at Large and abbreviated Stat., are an official record of Acts of Congress and concurrent resolutions passed by the United States Congress.

Each act and resolution of Congress is originally published as a slip law, which is classified as either public law (abbreviated Pub.L.) or private law (Pvt.L.), and designated and numbered accordingly. At the end of a congressional session, the statutes enacted during that session are compiled into bound books, known as "session law" publications. The United States Statutes at Large is the name of the session law publication for U.S. Federal statutes. The public laws and private laws are numbered and organized in chronological order.

U.S. Federal statutes are published in a three-part process, consisting of slip laws, session laws (Statutes at Large), and codification (United States Code).
Maria Campbell
Maria Campbell OC SOM (born April 26, 1939 near Park Valley, Saskatchewan) is a Métis author, playwright, broadcaster, filmmaker, and Elder. Campbell is a fluent speaker of four languages: Cree, Michif, Western Ojibwa, and English. Four of her published works have been published in eight countries and translated into four other languages (German, Chinese, French, Italian). Campbell has had great influence in her community as she is very politically involved in activism and social movements. Campbell is well known for being the author of Halfbreed, a memoir describing her own experiences as a Métis woman in society and the difficulties she has faced, which are commonly faced by many other women both within and outside of her community.

Cree language
Cree (/kriː/ KREE; also known as Cree–Montagnais–Naskapi) is a dialect continuum of Algonquian languages spoken by approximately 86,475 people across Canada in 2021, from the Northwest Territories to Alberta to Labrador. If considered one language, it is the aboriginal language with the highest number of speakers in Canada. The only region where Cree has any official status is in the Northwest Territories, alongside eight other aboriginal languages. There, Cree is spoken mainly in Fort Smith and Hay River.
1991 Corby District Council election
The 1991 Corby District Council election took place on 2 May 1991 to elect members of Corby District Council in Northamptonshire, England. This was on the same day as other local elections. The Labour Party retained overall control of the council, which it had held since 1979.

Borough of Corby
Corby was a non-metropolitan district with borough status in the county of Northamptonshire, England. It bordered East Northamptonshire to the east, Kettering to the south and west, the Harborough district of Leicestershire to the north-west, and the county of Rutland to the north-east. In 2021 the district had a population of 75,571. The council, Corby Borough Council was based at the Cube in the town of Corby.
Vacherin (dessert)
The vacherin (French: [vaʃʁɛ̃]) was originally a cake-shaped dessert made of an almond paste shell filled with (non-frozen) double cream and topped with whipped cream. It appeared in 19th-century Switzerland before reaching Germany and Lyon. Its name likely came from its resemblance to the round shape of vacherin cheese wheels.

A later version, called vacherin glacé (French: [vaʃʁɛ̃ ɡlase], lit. 'frozen vacherin'), replaced the almond paste shell with a meringue shell, and the double cream filling with an ice cream filling, still topped with whipped cream.

Almond paste
Almond paste is made from ground almonds or almond meal and sugar in equal quantities, with small amounts of cooking oil, eggs, heavy cream or corn syrup added as a binder. It is similar to marzipan, with a coarser texture. Almond paste is used as a filling in pastries, but it can also be found in chocolates. In a type of commercially manufactured almond paste called persipan, ground apricot or peach pits are added to save money.
Baseball at the 1991 Pan American Games
Baseball at the 1991 Pan American Games was contested between teams representing Aruba, Canada, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Mexico, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Puerto Rico, and the United States. The 1991 edition was the 11th Pan American Games, and was hosted by Havana.

Cuba entered the competition as the five-time defending champions, having won each gold medal dating back to 1971. They successfully defended their title, with Puerto Rico finishing second.

Dominican Republic national baseball team
The Dominican Republic national baseball team (Spanish: Selección de béisbol de República Dominicana) also known as "Plátano Power", is the national baseball team of the Dominican Republic. The team won the Baseball World Cup in 1948 and the World Baseball Classic in 2013. They are the first team to have won both world competitions. They are currently ranked 11th by the World Baseball Softball Confederation. At the Olympics in 2021 the team faced Israel, Japan, Mexico, South Korea, and the United States.

The team competed against Team Israel, Team Puerto Rico, Team Venezuela, and Team Nicaragua in the 2023 World Baseball Classic, but failed to advance out of the first round.

Team Dominican Republic will compete against Team Israel, Team Netherlands, Team Venezuela, and Team Nicaragua in the 2026 World Baseball Classic from March 6–11, 2026, at LoanDepot Park in Miami, Florida, in Pool D.
Hey You! (TV series)
Hey You! is an Australian television sitcom which first screened on the 0-10 Network in 1967 and ran for 16 episodes. It was created by Godfrey Philipp and John-Michael Howson; Howson was credited as 'John Howson' on the pilot episode.

The show was set in inner-city Melbourne and typically revolved around the alcohol-inspired escapades of roommates Ocker Ramsay and Hugh T. Worthington, and their landlady Mrs. McNugg (sometimes credited as 'McNug').

John-Michael Howson
John-Michael Howson OAM (born 8 August 1936) is an Australian writer, reporter, entertainer and Melbourne radio commentator. His involvement in the Australian entertainment scene as a writer, producer and performer spans more than 50 years.