hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
De Musset's sign
De Musset's sign is a type of rhythmic bobbing of the head in synchrony with the beating of the heart, seen in severe aortic regurgitation.

This sign occurs as a result of blood from the aorta regurgitating into the left ventricle due to a defect in the aortic valve. The nodding is an indication that the systolic pulse is being felt by the individual because of the increased pulse pressure resulting from the aortic insufficiency.

The sign is named after the French poet Alfred de Musset after his brother noticed him exhibiting it.

Aortic valve
The aortic valve is a valve in the heart of humans and most other animals, located between the left ventricle and the aorta. It is one of the four valves of the heart and one of the two semilunar valves, the other being the pulmonary valve. The aortic valve normally has three cusps or leaflets, although in 1–2% of the population it is found to congenitally have two leaflets. The aortic valve is the last structure in the heart the blood travels through before stopping the flow through the systemic circulation.
Surasak Runroengrom
Surasak Runroengrom (Thai: สุรศักดิ์ หรุ่นเริงรมย์; born 13 August 1953) is a former Thai naval officer. He served as commander-in-chief of the Royal Thai Navy from 1 October 2011 to 30 September 2013. Narong Pipathanasai was appointed as his successor.

Royal Thai Navy
The Royal Thai Navy (Abrv: RTN, ทร.; Thai: กองทัพเรือไทย, RTGS: kong thap ruea thai) is the naval warfare force of Thailand. Established in 1906, it was modernised by the Admiral Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse (1880–1923) who is known as the father of the Royal Navy. It has a structure that includes the naval fleet, Royal Thai Marine Corps, and Air and Coastal Defence Command. The RTN headquarters is at Sattahip Naval Base.

The navy operates three naval area commands (NAC): Northern Gulf of Thailand (First NAC); Southern Gulf of Thailand (Second NAC); and the Andaman Sea (Indian Ocean) (Third NAC). RTN also has two air wings and one flying unit on its aircraft carrier.
Twentieth Century Eightball
Twentieth Century Eightball is a book collection of comics by Daniel Clowes published by Fantagraphics Books in 2002. It consists of numerous short pieces originally published in Clowes's Eightball comic book and other venues. Most of the contents previously appeared in the earlier, out-of-print collections Lout Rampage! and Orgy Bound, but the book also includes eight new stories.

Fantagraphics
Fantagraphics (previously Fantagraphics Books) is an American publisher of alternative comics, classic comic strip anthologies, manga, magazines, graphic novels, and (formerly) the erotic Eros Comix imprint. They have managed several awards for achievement in comic books.
Viinijärvi railway station
Viinijärvi railway station is a railway station located in the municipality of Liperi, North Karelia, Finland. The railway station gets four services per day every day, two to Pieksämäki and two to Joensuu. There are no ticket machines at the station. The station features a gravel platform and a gravel parking lot. It also has a garden, an old freight building, and a wooden shelter.

North Karelia
North Karelia (or Northern Karelia, Finnish: Pohjois-Karjala; Swedish: Norra Karelen) is a region in eastern Finland. It borders the regions of Kainuu, North Savo, South Savo and South Karelia, as well as Russia's Republic of Karelia. It is the easternmost region of Finland and shares a 300 kilometres (190 mi) border with Russia. The city of Joensuu is the capital and the largest settlement of the region.

North Karelia has successfully reduced chronic diseases through public health measures. In the 1960s Finland led industrialized nations in heart disease mortality rates; North Karelia had Finland's highest incidence. In 1972 a long-term project was undertaken which targeted this risk in North Karelia. The resulting improvement in public health is still considered remarkable, a model for the rest of the nation. North Karelia is also known as the most sociable region in Finland.
Pleasant Inn
Pleasant Inn, also known as William F. Simmons House, is a historic boarding house located at Myrtle Beach in Horry County, South Carolina. It was built about 1927 and features a low, two-story height; wood-frame construction; tiered, two-story full facade porches; side stairway leading to upstairs entrance; and rentable rooms for boarders. It also has exposed rafter ends and gable vents. It is one of the few remaining examples of the two-story boarding/guest houses that pre-dates Hurricane Hazel (1954).

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.

Horry County, South Carolina
Horry County (/ˈɒriː/ OR-ree, silent "h" like its namesake Peter Horry) is the easternmost county in the U.S. state of South Carolina. As of the 2020 census, its population was 351,029. It is the fourth-most populous county in South Carolina. The county seat is Conway. Horry County is the central county in the Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is in the Pee Dee region of South Carolina, about 90 miles (140 km) north of Charleston, and about 130 miles (210 km) east of the state capital, Columbia.
National College metro station
National College is an elevated metro station on the North-South corridor of the Green Line of Namma Metro serving Basavanagudi and the National College areas of Bengaluru, India. It was opened to the public on 18 June 2017.

National College, Bengaluru
National College,  Bengaluru is the name given to two sister institutions in  Bengaluru, India: the National College Basavanagudi, founded in 1919, and the National College, Jayanagar, founded in 1965. Other related institutions, also called National College, are located in Bagepalli (Chikkaballapur District) and Gowribidanur. These institutions are managed by the National Education Society of Karnataka (NES).
Mazer (drinking vessel)
A mazer is a special type of wooden drinking vessel, a wide cup or shallow bowl without handles, with a broad flat foot and a knob or  boss in the centre of the inside, known technically as the "print" or "boss". Mazers vary from simple pieces all in wood to those ornamented with metalwork, often in silver or silver-gilt.  They use dense impervious woods such as maple ("mazer" is an obsolete name for the maple tree), beech and walnut. They represent a north European medieval tradition, and mostly date from the 11th (or earlier) to the 16th centuries.

Walnut
A walnut is the edible seed of any tree of the genus Juglans (family Juglandaceae), particularly the Persian or English walnut, Juglans regia. They are accessory fruit because the outer covering of the fruit is technically an involucre and thus not morphologically part of the carpel; this means it cannot be a drupe but is instead a drupe-like nut.

After full ripening, the shell is discarded, and the kernel is eaten. Nuts of the eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra) and butternuts (Juglans cinerea) are less commonly consumed.
Military Merit Order (Württemberg)
The Military Merit Order (Militärverdienstorden) was a military order of the Kingdom of Württemberg, which joined the German Empire in 1871. The order was one of the older military orders of the states of the German Empire. It was founded on 11 February 1759 by Karl Eugen, Duke of Württemberg as the Militär-Carls-Orden, and was renamed the Militärverdienstorden on 11 November 1806 by King Friedrich I. The order underwent several more revisions over the course of the 19th and early 20th centuries. It became obsolete with the fall of the Württemberg monarchy in the wake of Germany's defeat in World War I.

Order (distinction)
An order is a visible honour awarded by a sovereign state, monarch, dynastic house or organisation to a person, typically in recognition of individual merit, that often comes with distinctive insignia such as collars, medals, badges, and sashes worn by recipients.

Modern honour systems of state orders and dynastic orders emerged from the culture of  orders of chivalry of the Middle Ages, which in turn emerged from the Catholic religious orders.
Juan Ignacio Reyes
Juan Ignacio Reyes González (born 15 December 1981) is a Mexican former Paralympic swimmer who is a five-time Paralympic champion, eight-time World champion and three-time Parapan American Games champion. At age five he lost both his arms and his left leg due to a serious illness. He was classified S4, SB2, SM3.

He is a former world record holder for his classification in the 50m backstroke and 100m backstroke events.

Parapan American Games
The Parapan American Games is an international multi-sport event for athletes with physical disabilities held every four years after every Pan American Games. The first Games were held in 1999 in Mexico City, Mexico. The 2003 Parapan American Games was the last Parapan American Games that was not held in the same city as the Pan American Games. The most recent Parapan American Games were held between 17 and 26 November 2023, in Santiago, Chile.
It is organized by the Americas Paralympic Committee.
Tamazeni
Tamazeni was a civitas of the Roman province of Byzacena, during the Roman Empire and late antiquity, that was known up until the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb in the 7th century. The town must have been of some importance as during antiquity it was the seat of a bishopric. which remains today as a titular see of the Roman Catholic Church.

Cathedra
A cathedra is the throne of a bishop, found in the cathedral church of his diocese. The word derives from the Greek καθέδρα (kathédra), meaning "seat", especially one used by a bishop or teacher; this term is also the ultimate source of the word "chair".
Century, West Virginia
Century is a census-designated place and coal town in Barbour County, West Virginia, United States. Its population was 115 as of the 2010 census.

The community's coal deposits were believed to be abundant enough to last a century, hence the name.

Coal town
A coal town, also known as a coal camp or patch, is a type of company town or mining community established by the employer, a mining company, which imports workers to the site to work the mineral find. The company develops it and provides residences for a population of miners and related workers to reside near the coal mine. The 'town founding' process is not limited to mining, but this type of development typically takes place where mineral wealth is located in a remote or undeveloped area. The company opens the site for exploitation by first, constructing transportation infrastructure to serve it, and later to establish residences for workers. Mineral resources were sometimes found as the result of logging operations that established clear-cut area. Geologists and cartographers could then chart and plot the lands for exploitation.
Transport aircraft
Transport aircraft is a broad category of aircraft that includes:

Airliners, aircraft, usually large and most often operated by airlines, intended for carrying multiple passengers or cargo in commercial service

Cargo aircraft or freighters, fixed-wing aircraft designed or converted for the carriage of goods, rather than passengers, lacking in passenger amenities and generally featuring one or more large doors for loading cargo; also known as freight aircraft, freighters, airlifters, or cargo jets.

Mail planes, airplanes used for carrying mail

Military transport aircraft, airplanes or helicopters used to deliver troops, weapons, and military equipment, usually outside of the commercial flight routes in uncontrolled airspace, and employed historically to deliver airborne forces and tow military gliders; sometimes also called military cargo aircraft.

Fixed-wing aircraft
A fixed-wing aircraft is a heavier-than-air aircraft, such as an airplane, which is capable of flight using aerodynamic lift. Fixed-wing aircraft are distinct from rotary-wing aircraft (in which a rotor mounted on a spinning shaft generates lift), and ornithopters (in which the wings oscillate to generate lift). The wings of a fixed-wing aircraft are not necessarily rigid; kites, hang gliders, variable-sweep wing aircraft, and airplanes that use wing morphing are all classified as fixed wing.

Gliding fixed-wing aircraft, including free-flying gliders and tethered kites, can use moving air to gain altitude. Powered fixed-wing aircraft (airplanes) that gain forward thrust from an engine include powered paragliders, powered hang gliders and ground effect vehicles. Most fixed-wing aircraft are operated by a pilot, but some are unmanned or controlled remotely or are completely autonomous (no remote pilot).
Wendy Saschenbrecker
Wendy Saschenbrecker (born June 24, 1976) is a Taiwanese-born Canadian fencer from Ottawa, Ontario. She was born in Taiwan, and moved to Canada at the age of five.

Saschenbrecker began fencing at the University of Ottawa in 1995. She is a graduate of the University of Ottawa and from McGill University. She works as a manager with the Canada Revenue Agency. In 2006, she won a silver medal at the Pan American Championships.

At the 2008 Summer Olympics she was a member of the Canadian sabre team that finished in seventh place.

Pan American Championship
A Pan American Championship is a top-level international sports competition between athletes or sports teams representing their respective countries or professional sports clubs in the Americas. Typically these championships are recurring, the most common formats being annual, biennial, and quadrennial. It should not be confused with the Pan American Games, which is the highest level sporting competition for the region. It is common for there to be sport-specific governing bodies to organise these regional competitions, such as the Pan American Judo Confederation.
Creatonotos gangis
Creatonotos gangis, the Baphomet moth, is a species of arctiine moth in South East Asia and Australia. It was described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1763 Centuria Insectorum. It is often listed as a synonym of Creatonotos interrupta, but the identity is unclear.

Centuria Insectorum
Centuria Insectorum (Latin, "one hundred insects") is a 1763 taxonomic work by Carl Linnaeus, and defended as a thesis by Boas Johansson; which of the two men should for taxonomic purposes be credited with its authorship has been the subject of some controversy. It includes descriptions of 102 new insect and crustacean species that had been sent to Linnaeus from British America, Suriname, Java and other locations. Most of the new names included in Centuria Insectorum are still in use, although a few have been sunk into synonymy, and one was the result of a hoax: a common brimstone butterfly with spots painted on was described as the new "species" Papilio ecclipsis.
SG postcode area
The SG postcode area, also known as the Stevenage postcode area, is a group of nineteen postcode districts in England, within fifteen post towns. These cover most of eastern Hertfordshire (including Stevenage, Baldock, Buntingford, Hertford, Hitchin, Knebworth, Letchworth, Much Hadham, Royston and Ware) and east Bedfordshire (including Arlesey, Biggleswade, Henlow, Sandy and Shefford), plus a small part of south-west Cambridgeshire and a very small part of Essex.

Sandy, Bedfordshire
Sandy is a town and civil parish in Central Bedfordshire, England. It lies 8 miles (13 km) to the east of Bedford, 18 miles (29 km) to the south west of Cambridge and 43 miles (69 km) north of Central London. It had a population of 12,171 at the 2021 census.

The town takes its name from a low range of sandy hills on the eastern side of the town, which form part of the Bedfordshire Greensand Ridge. The main part of the built-up area lies between the hills to the east and the River Ivel to the west. The A1 road skirts the western edge of the town. Sandy railway station is on the Great Northern route between London and Peterborough, with the railway running along the eastern edge of the built-up area. The parish also includes the hamlet of Beeston, which straddles the A1 to the south-west of the town.

The headquarters of the Royal Society for the Protection of Birds (RSPB) is at The Lodge at Sandy Warren in the hills to the east of the town, where it has been based since 1961.
Royal Armouries Museum
The Royal Armouries Museum in Leeds, West Yorkshire, England, is a national museum that holds the National Collection of Arms and Armour. It is part of the Royal Armouries family of museums, with other sites at the Royal Armouries' traditional home in the Tower of London, and the National Collection of Artillery at Fort Nelson, Hampshire. The Royal Armouries is a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.

The Royal Armouries Museum is a £42.5 million purpose-built museum located in Leeds Dock that opened in 1996. Its collection was previously on display or in storage at the Tower of London where the Royal Armouries still maintains a presence and displays in the White Tower.

As at all UK National Museums, entry is free, though certain extra attractions are charged for.

River Aire
The River Aire is a major river in Yorkshire, England, 92 miles (148 km) in length. Part of the river below Leeds is canalised, and is known as the Aire and Calder Navigation.

The Handbook for Leeds and Airedale (1890) notes that the distance from Malham to Howden is 58 miles (93 km) direct, but the river's meanderings extend that to 90 miles (140 km). Between Malham Tarn and Airmyn, the river drops 1,300 feet (400 m).
Cordner Nelson
Cordner Nelson (August 6, 1918 in San Diego, California – October 26, 2009 in Carmel-by-the-Sea, California) was an American publisher and writer. In 1948, after graduating from the College of the Pacific he was a co-founder of Track & Field News, along with his brother Bert. The upstart magazine's first headquarters were brother Bert's garage in San Bruno, California. The magazine covers the sport of track and field and other aspects of the umbrella of athletics. The monthly magazine has declared itself to be "The Bible of the Sport". Cordner served as the publisher of the magazine until 1969.

In 1985, he co-authored "The Milers", which covers the history of the mile and 1500 metres races from the 19th century until 1984.

Nelson was inducted into the National Track and Field Hall of Fame in 1988.

Carmel-by-the-Sea, California
Carmel-by-the-Sea (/kɑːrˈmɛl/), commonly known simply as Carmel, is a city in Monterey County, California, located on the Central Coast of California. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 3,220, down from 3,722 at the 2010 census. Situated on the Monterey Peninsula, Carmel is a tourist destination, known for its natural scenery and artistic history.

The Spanish founded a settlement in 1771, when Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo was relocated by St. Junípero Serra from Monterey. Mission Carmel served as the headquarters of the Californian mission system, until the Mexican secularization act of 1833, when the area was divided into rancho grants. The settlement was largely abandoned by the U.S. Conquest of California in 1848 and stayed undeveloped until Santiago J. Duckworth built a summer colony in 1888. When the Carmel Development Company was formed in 1902, Carmel became an art colony and seaside resort, which incorporated in 1916.
Abraham Willink
Abraham Willink (13 January 1920, Drachten, Friesland – 8 February 1998, Tucumán) was a Dutch-Argentine entomologist. His main contributions were made on the Hymenopteran families Vespidae, Sphecidae and Crabronidae.
He also contributed to the classification of biogeographical provinces of Latin America. His role was of great interest in the decentralization of science, especially in Entomology in Argentina. 3 Genera and 52 species has been named after him.

Drachten
Drachten (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdrɑxtə(n)] ⓘ, West Frisian: [ˈdraχtn̩]) is a town in the northern Netherlands. It is located in the municipality of Smallingerland, Friesland. It had a population of around 56,098 in 2023 and is the second largest town in the province of Friesland.
Mstislavna
Mstislavna (Russian: Мстиславна) is either an archaic or a colloquial contracted feminine East Slavic patronymic derived from the given name Mstislav. The modern non-contracted patronymic is Mstislavovna. The corresponding masculine patronymic is Mstislavich. Notable persons with this patronymic include:

Ingeborg Mstislavna of Kiev (fl. 1137), Ruthenian princess, married to the Danish prince Canute Lavard of Jutland

Maria Mstislavna of Kiev (died 1179), Grand Princess consort of Kiev by marriage to Prince Vsevolod II of Kiev

Rostislava Mstislavna,  second wife of Yaroslav II, Grand Duke of Novgorod and Vladimir

East Slavic name
East Slavic naming customs are the traditional way of identifying a person's given name, patronymic name, and family name in East Slavic cultures in Russia and some countries formerly part of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union.

They are used commonly in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Moldova, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, and to a lesser extent in Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Azerbaijan, Armenia and Georgia.
Francesca Stuart Sindici
Francesca Stuart Sindici (1858 – c. 1929) was a Spanish-Italian painter.

Sindici was born in Madrid, Spain, in 1858. She studied under the guidance of Eduardo Dalbono and Domenico Morelli at the Naples Academy of Fine Arts. She married the Italian poet Augusto Sindici. Together they had a daughter, Magda, who became a novelist and later married a publisher. She died in 1929 at the age of 71.

Sindici is best known for her paintings of horses and cavalry. Her painting A Carriage Race at Naples (Pictured) was included in the 1905 book Women Painters of the World.

Accademia di Belle Arti di Napoli
The Accademia di Belle Arti di Napoli (Naples Academy of Fine Arts) is a university-level art school in Naples. In the past it has been known as the Reale Istituto di Belle Arti and the Reale Accademia di Belle Arti. Founded by King Charles VII of Naples in 1752, it is one of the oldest art schools in Italy, and offers various levels of study up to and including the equivalent of an Italian laurea (the country's main post-secondary academic degree). It is located one block south of the church of Santa Maria di Costantinopoli, on the via of the latter church's name.
OMGcon
OMGcon (sometimes stylized as OMG!con) is a three-day anime convention held during June at the Owensboro Convention Center in Owensboro, Kentucky. The convention was previously held in Paducah, Kentucky. The name of the convention comes from the common abbreviation of Oh My God. OMGcon is run by volunteers.

Paducah, Kentucky
Paducah (/pəˈduːkə/ ⓘ pə-DOO-kə) is a home rule-class city in the Upland South, and the county seat of McCracken County, Kentucky, United States. The most populous city in the Jackson Purchase region, it is located in the Southeastern United States at the confluence of the Tennessee and the Ohio rivers, halfway between St. Louis, Missouri, to the northwest and Nashville, Tennessee, to the southeast. As of the 2020 census, the population was 27,137, up from 25,024 in 2010. Twenty blocks of the city's downtown have been designated as a historic district and listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Paducah is the principal city of the Paducah metropolitan area, which includes McCracken, Ballard, Carlisle and Livingston counties in Kentucky and Massac County in Illinois.  The total population of the metro area was 103,481 in 2020.  The Paducah–Mayfield combined statistical area had a total population of 140,138.