hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ashesi University
Ashesi University (/ɑːʃˈs/ a-shii-si') is a private, non-profit and non-sectarian university located in Berekuso, near Accra.

Ashesi was established as an independent, public benefit education institution operating on a not-for-profit basis. The university obtained accreditation from the Ghanaian National Accreditation Board (now the Ghana Tertiary Education Commission) in September 2001 to operate under the mentorship of the University of Cape Coast (UCC), with degrees conferred by UCC. Ashesi began instruction on 4 March 2002. Ashesi University received a Presidential Charter from the President of Ghana, effective January 2018, making it an independent university that confers its own degrees. It is a member of the Council of Independent Universities, the Association of African Universities and the Association of Commonwealth Universities.

President of Ghana
The president of the Republic of Ghana is the elected head of state and head of government of Ghana, as well as commander-in-chief of the Ghana Armed Forces. The current president of Ghana is John Mahama, who won the 2024 presidential election against then vice president, Mahamudu Bawumia, by a margin of 14.94%. He was sworn into office on 7 January 2025.
The Lowdown (American TV series)
The Lowdown is an American crime comedy drama television series created by Sterlin Harjo for FX. It stars Ethan Hawke and Keith David and premiered on September 23, 2025. In January 2026, the series was renewed for a second season.

Macon Blair
Macon Blair (born 1974) is an American filmmaker, comic book writer and actor known for his roles in the films Blue Ruin (2013) and Green Room (2015), as well as his directorial debut I Don't Feel at Home in This World Anymore (2017).
Cégep de Chicoutimi
The Cégep de Chicoutimi is a post-secondary institution in the province of Quebec, Canada. It is located in the Chicoutimi borough of the City of Saguenay. It is one of four CEGEPs in the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean region.

The Cégep de Chicoutimi has approximately 3,000 students and 600 employees.  In addition to providing educational training, it also serves as a social and cultural complex with community services such as a physical training centre.

Aeronautics
Aeronautics is the science or art involved with the study, design, and manufacturing of air flight-capable machines, and the techniques of operating aircraft and rockets within the atmosphere. 
While the term originally referred solely to operating the aircraft, it has since been expanded to include technology, business, and other aspects related to aircraft. The term "aviation" is sometimes used interchangeably with aeronautics, although "aeronautics" includes lighter-than-air craft such as airships, and includes ballistic vehicles while "aviation" technically does not.

A significant part of aeronautical science is a branch of dynamics called aerodynamics, which deals with the motion of air and the way that it interacts with objects in motion, such as an aircraft.
James Taylor (cricketer, born 1846)
James Taylor (25 May 1846 – 16 August 1915), also known as Jim Taylor, was an English cricketer who played for Lancashire County Cricket Club.

Taylor was born in Littleborough and played club cricket for the local side as well as for Rochdale Cricket Club. He appeared in three first-class matches, scoring 52 runs with a highest score of 33 made in his first match at Gravesend against Kent in 1871. He played once more the same year, before making his final first-class appearance for the county side in 1873.

Taylor worked as an iron moulder. He died at Rochdale in 1915 aged 69.

Rochdale Cricket Club
Rochdale Cricket Club are an English cricket team from Rochdale, Greater Manchester, currently playing in the Lancashire League.  Until 2015 they played in the Central Lancashire League, being one of the oldest - and most successful - of all the CLL teams. They joined the CLL in 1893, the league having been founded a year earlier under the title of the South East Lancashire league.  Rochdale won the league title a record 28 times, the last occasion being in 2007. They also won the Wood Cup - a knockout competition - 13 times, equalling Littleborough.

From start of the 2018 season Rochdale moved to the Lancashire League.
Advanced Data Communication Control Procedures
In telecommunications, Advanced Data Communication Control Procedures (or Protocol) (ADCCP) is a bit-oriented data link layer protocol developed by the American National Standards Institute.  It is functionally equivalent to the ISO High-Level Data Link Control (HDLC) protocol.

Although the ISO and ANSI standards writers coordinated their work, so the differences between the standards are mainly editorial, there is one meaningful difference: ADCCP's definition of the basic subset required to implement balanced asynchronous mode includes the RSET frame, while HDLC makes it optional.

One major difference between the two is the unnumbered (U) format.   When extended (7-bit) sequence numbers are used, I and S frames have two-byte control fields.  Like early versions of HDLC, ADCCP specifies a 2-byte control field format with the P/F flag duplicated.  Later HDLC specifications, in particular ISO/IEC 13239, changed that to specify that U frames have 1-byte control fields in all cases.

Bit-oriented protocol
A bit-oriented protocol is a communications protocol that sees the transmitted data as an opaque stream of bits with no semantics, or meaning. Control codes are defined in terms of bit sequences instead of characters. Bit oriented protocol can transfer data frames regardless of frame contents. It can also be stated as "bit stuffing".

Synchronous framing High-Level Data Link Control may work like this:

Each frame begins and ends with a special bit pattern 01111110, called a flag byte.

A bit stuffing technique is used to prevent the receiver from detecting the special flag byte in user data e.g. whenever the sender's data link layer encounters 5 consecutive 1 (one) in the data, it automatically stuffs 0 into the outgoing stream.
Kuba Kingdom
The Kuba Kingdom, also known as the Kingdom of the Bakuba or Bushongo, is a traditional kingdom in Central Africa. The Kuba Kingdom flourished between the 17th and 19th centuries in the region bordered by the Sankuru, Lulua, and Kasai rivers in the heart of the modern-day Democratic Republic of the Congo.

The Kuba Kingdom was a conglomerate of several smaller Bushong-speaking principalities as well as the Kete, Coofa, Mbeengi, and the Kasai Twa Pygmies. The original Kuba migrated during the 16th century from the north. Nineteen ethnic groups are included in the kingdom, which still exists and is presided over by the King (nyim).

Kasai River
The Kasai River (Swahili: Mto Kasai, French: Kasaï [ka.sa.i]; called Cassai in Angolan Portuguese) is a left bank tributary of the Congo River, located in Central Africa. The river begins in central Angola and flows to the east until it reaches the border between Angola and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, where it turns north and serves as the border until it flows into the DRC. From Ilebo, between the confluences with Lulua river and Sankuru river, the Kasai river turns to a westerly direction. The lower stretch of the river, from the confluence with Fimi river until it joins the Congo at Kwamouth northeast of Kinshasa, is also known as the Kwa(h) River.

The Kasai basin consists mainly of equatorial rainforest areas, which provide an agricultural land in a region noted for its infertile, sandy soil. It is a tributary of Congo river and diamonds are found in it. Around 60% of diamonds in Belgium go from Kasai river for cutting and shaping.
Sant Esteve, Banyoles
Sant Esteve de Banyoles is a Benedictine monastery in Banyoles, Pla de l'Estany, Catalonia, Spain. It was declared as a Bé Cultural d'Interès Nacional landmark in 1973. The monastery was founded before 812.

Banyoles
Banyoles (Catalan pronunciation: [bəˈɲɔləs]) is a city of 20,168  inhabitants (2021) located in the province of Girona in northeastern Catalonia, Spain.

The town is the capital of the Catalan comarca "Pla de l'Estany".  Although an established industrial centre many of the inhabitants commute to the nearby city of Girona (12 km to the south).

Banyoles was connected to Girona by the 750 mm (2 ft 5+1⁄2 in) gauge Palamós–Girona–Banyoles railway, which reached it by 1928. Service on the line continued until 1956.
Angela Davis (musician)
Angela Davis (born 23 June 1985) is an Australian saxophonist currently residing in Melbourne. Her first release The Art of The Melody received strong reviews in the United States and Australia and was successful on the US Jazz Charts. She is known for her pure sound reminiscent of Lee Konitz (with whom she studied), Art Pepper and Paul Desmond. Davis is a 2014 recipient of the prestigious Brian Boak Bursary in Queensland.

Art Pepper
Arthur Edward Pepper Jr. (September 1, 1925 – June 15, 1982) was an American jazz musician, most known as an alto saxophonist. He occasionally performed and recorded on tenor saxophone, clarinet (his first instrument) and bass clarinet. Active primarily in West Coast jazz, Pepper first came to prominence in Stan Kenton's big band. He was known for his emotionally charged performances and several stylistic shifts throughout his career, and was described by critic Scott Yanow as having "attained his goal of becoming the world's greatest altoist" at the time of his death in 1982.
Recording Studio of the United States House of Representatives
The House Recording Studio provides radio and television recording services to members, committees, and officers of the United States House of Representatives. The studio's purpose is to provide a convenient way for members to convey information to their constituents, the media, and the general public.

The studio was established by the authority of 2 U.S.C. § 123b and consists of two radio studios, two television studios, and tape duplication facilities. The services provided include basic recording services, live or recorded satellite transmissions, telephone recordings, preparation of teleprompter scripts, transcription of recorded material, post-production services, and television makeup. The studio staff also provide program production and technical assistance. Each time a member uses the recording studio, the member’s official account is charged for the services provided.

Television studio
A television studio, also called a television production studio, is an installation room in which video productions take place, either for the production of live television and its recording onto video tape or other media such as SSDs, or for the acquisition of raw footage for post-production. The design of a studio is similar to, and derived from, movie studios, with a few amendments for the special requirements of television production. A professional television studio generally has several rooms, which are kept separate for noise and practicality reasons. These rooms are connected via 'talkback' or an intercom, and personnel will be divided among these workplaces.
The Battle for Wesnoth
The Battle for Wesnoth is a free and open-source turn-based strategy video game with a high fantasy setting (similar to J. R. R. Tolkien's legendarium), designed by Australian-American developer David White and first released in June 2003. In Wesnoth, the player controls a particular faction/race and attempts to build a powerful army by controlling villages and defeating enemies for experience. The game is loosely based on the Sega Genesis games Master of Monsters and Warsong.

High fantasy
High fantasy, or epic fantasy, is a subgenre of fantasy defined by the epic nature of its setting or by the epic stature of its characters, themes, or plot. High fantasy is usually set in an alternative, fictional ("secondary") world, rather than the "real" or "primary" world. This secondary world is usually internally consistent, but its rules differ from those of the primary world. By contrast, low fantasy is characterized by being set on Earth, the primary or real world, or a rational and familiar fictional world with the inclusion of magical elements.
Joseph A. McDonough
Joseph A. McDonough (October 20, 1896 in Portland, Maine – May 11, 1944 in Hollywood, California) was an assistant director in Hollywood. He often worked with director James Whale at Universal Studios and MGM.

Among the films he worked on with Whale at Universal were Frankenstein (1931), The Old Dark House (1932), The Invisible Man (1933), Bride of Frankenstein (1935) and the 1936 version of Show Boat. At MGM, McDonough worked with Whale on the unsuccessful Port of Seven Seas (1938), an American adaptation of the French Marcel Pagnol "Marius Trilogy".

He also worked on the W. C. Fields-Mae West classic comedy My Little Chickadee in 1940, and on the supernatural anthology film Flesh and Fantasy, in 1943. In 1934, he was nominated for an Oscar, not for any one film, but for his body of work, in the category of Best Assistant Director, a category that would be discontinued after 1937.

My Little Chickadee
My Little Chickadee is a 1940 American comedy-western film starring Mae West and W. C. Fields, featuring Joseph Calleia, Ruth Donnelly, Margaret Hamilton, Donald Meek, Willard Robertson, Dick Foran, William B. Davidson, and Addison Richards, and released by Universal Pictures. It was directed by Edward F. Cline and the music was written by Ben Oakland (song "Willie of the Valley") and Frank Skinner.

West reportedly wrote the original screenplay, with Fields contributing one extended scene set in a bar. Universal decided to give the stars equal screenplay credit, perhaps to avoid the appearance of favoritism, but the move incensed West, who declined to team with Fields afterwards. The stars spoofed themselves and the Western genre, with West providing a series of her trademark double entendres.
Giovanni Felice Sances
Giovanni Felice Sances (also Sancies, Sanci, Sanes, Sanchez, c. 1600 – 24 November 1679) was an Italian singer and a Baroque composer. He was renowned in Europe during his time.

Sances studied at the Collegio Germanico in Rome from 1609 to 1614. He appeared in the opera Amor pudico in Rome in 1614. His career then took him to Bologna and Venice. His first opera Ermiona was staged in Padua in 1636, in which he also sang.

In 1636 he moved to Vienna, where he was initially employed at the imperial court chapel as a tenor. In 1649, during the reign of Ferdinand III he was appointed vice-Kapellmeister under Antonio Bertali. He collaborated with Bertali to stage regular performances of Italian opera. He also composed sepolcri, sacred works and chamber music.

In 1669 he succeeded to the post of Imperial Kapellmeister upon Bertali's death. From 1673, due to poor health, many of his duties were undertaken by his deputy Johann Heinrich Schmelzer. He died in Vienna in 1679.

Kapellmeister
Kapellmeister (/kəˈpɛlmaɪstər/ kə-PEL-my-stər, US also /kɑːˈ-/ kah-, German: [kaˈpɛlˌmaɪstɐ] ⓘ), from Kapelle ('chapel') and Meister ('master'), literally 'master of the chapel choir', is a word of German origin that designates the leader of an ensemble of musicians. Originally used to refer to somebody in charge of music in a chapel, the term has evolved considerably in its meaning and is today used for denoting the leader of a musical ensemble, often smaller ones used for TV, radio, and theatre.
Susan Baird
Susan Baird CBE (26 May 1940 – 24 January 2009) was the Labour Party Councillor for the Braidfauld ward of the City of Glasgow, Scotland. She served as the second female Lord Provost of the city from 1988 to 1992.

She was appointed CBE in the 1991 New Year Honours.

Baird was the recipient of the 1991 St Mungo Prize, awarded to the individual who has done most in the previous three years to improve and promote the city of Glasgow.

St Mungo Prize
The St Mungo Prize is a prize awarded triennially to the person who has done most to improve and promote the city of Glasgow.

The full text of the conditions for the prize states that it is to be awarded to the person "deemed to have done most in the previous three years by way of action, instruction or suggestion: to beautify the city, to increase the well-being of the citizens, to purify the atmosphere, to foster better relations between all classes, to extend cultural and educational development, and to bring Glasgow into honourable prominence".

The prize consists of a gold medal and £1,000, with the prize funded by a £13,500 trust fund established in 1936 by an anonymous donor. The Glaswegian shoe manufacturer and artist Alexander Patterson Somerville was revealed to have been the anonymous donor upon his death in 1949.
Child Welfare Information Gateway
The Child Welfare Information Gateway is the congressionally mandated and funded information service of the United States Children's Bureau, Administration for Children and Families, United States Department of Health and Human Services. It was established in 2006 to replace the National Clearinghouse on Child Abuse and Neglect Information and the National Adoption Information Clearinghouse.
The Child Welfare Information Gateway covers child-welfare topics, including family-centered practice, child abuse and neglect, abuse and neglect prevention, child protection, family preservation and support, foster care, achieving and maintaining permanency, adoption, management of child welfare agencies and related topics such as child and family assessment, laws and policies, statistics and coincident family issues (e.g., domestic violence and substance abuse). Its website links to sources of print and electronic publications, websites, databases and online learning tools on these topics.

Adoption
Adoption is a process whereby a person assumes the parenting of another, usually a child, from that person's biological or legal parent or parents. Legal adoptions permanently transfer all rights and responsibilities, along with filiation, from the biological parents to the adoptive parents.

Unlike guardianship or other systems designed for the care of the young, adoption is intended to effect a permanent change in status and as such requires societal recognition, either through legal or religious sanction. Historically, some societies have enacted specific laws governing adoption, while others used less formal means (notably contracts that specified inheritance rights and parental responsibilities without an accompanying transfer of filiation). Modern systems of adoption, arising in the 20th century, tend to be governed by comprehensive statutes and regulations.
Al-Kadhimi Government
The Al-Kadhimi Government was the government of the Republic of Iraq from 2020 to 2022, led by Prime Minister Mustafa Al-Kadhimi, a former director of the National Intelligence Service. It was formed on 7 May 2020 after extensive negotiations. While Al-Kadhimi himself and most cabinet ministers where sworn in on that date, seven ministers were not confirmed by the Council of Representatives until 6 June 2020.

Federal government of Iraq
The federal government of Iraq is defined under the current Constitution, approved in 2005, as a democratic, parliamentary republic with Islam as the official state religion. The government is composed of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, as well as numerous independent commissions.
A125 highway (Nigeria)
The A125 highway is a highway in Nigeria. It is one of the east-west roads linking the main south-north roads. (It is named from the two highways it links).

It runs from the A1 highway at Kontagora, Niger State to the A2 highway to the north of Kaduna.

Kontagora
KontagoraListenⓘ  is a major town on the south bank of the Kontagora River in north-west Niger State, Nigeria. It is the capital city of the Kontagora Emirate.
The former Niger state governor, Alhaji Abubakar Sani Bello hails from Kontagora. 
On December 15, 1995, the Roman Catholic Apostolic Vicariate of Kontagora was established here.  St Michael's Cathedral is the seat of the apostolic vicar.
The Salvager
The Salvager is a British reality television show produced by Attaboy Productions and aired on Discovery Real Time. The show ran for two series featuring Rico Daniels a passionate recycler and salvager scouring scrap yards, council tips and charity shops finding scrap metal and wood and transforming them into useful and unusual items. The second series re-titled Le Salvager relies on the same premise but sees Daniels relocate to the Vosges of eastern France. The show is often repeated on Quest and Discovery Shed in the United Kingdom.

Discovery Shed
Discovery Shed  (Also simply known as Shed) was a TV channel in the United Kingdom from Discovery, Inc. which replaced Discovery Real Time Extra. The channel launched on 20 March 2009.
The channel featured programming covering fishing, DIY, construction, cars, bikes, and outdoor extreme adventure. The network was superseded by the streaming platform Discovery+, which effectively carries all of its content, and it was discontinued with immediate effect on 6 January 2021, the same fate which befell Discovery Home & Health.
Rotation (film)
Rotation is a 1949 East German drama film directed by Wolfgang Staudte and starring Paul Esser, Irene Korb and Werner Peters. It was produced under the auspices of the DEFA film studio in East Germany. It began filming on 29 September 1948 and premiered in theaters on 16 September 1949.

The film was partly shot at the Althoff Studios in Potsdam. The art directors Willy Schiller and Arthur Schwarz worked on the film's sets.

DEFA
DEFA (Deutsche Film-Aktiengesellschaft) was the state-owned film studio of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) throughout the country's existence. Since 2019, DEFA's film heritage has been made accessible and licensable on the PROGRESS archive platform. The DEFA Foundation is a non-profit organisation that was established in order to preserve the films in the DEFA library as well as the film studios, and make them accessible to the public.
2028 FIFA Futsal World Cup
The 2028 FIFA Futsal World Cup will be the eleventh edition of the FIFA Futsal World Cup, the quadrennial international futsal championship contested by the men's national teams of the member associations of FIFA. The tournament will be held from 7 to 29 October 2028.

Brazil are the defending champions by defeating Argentina 2–1 in the previous edition.

Anniversary
An anniversary is the date on which an event took place or an institution was founded.

Most countries celebrate national anniversaries, typically called national days. These could be the date of independence of the nation or the adoption of a new constitution or form of government. There is no definite method for determining the date of establishment of an institution, and it is generally decided within the institution by convention. The important dates in a sitting monarch's reign may also be commemorated, an event often referred to as a "jubilee".
Ganesh Lal Shrestha
Ganesh Lal Shrestha (Nepali: गणेशलाल श्रेष्ठ; July 1911 – 24 July 1985) was a Nepalese poet, musician and social worker. He wrote in Nepali, Nepal Bhasa and Tamang languages. His songs denounced the social inequalities and autocratic political system of the day.

Tamang language
Tamang (Devanagari: तामाङ; tāmāng) is a term used to collectively refer to a Sino-Tibetian language cluster spoken mainly in Nepal, Sikkim, West Bengal (Darjeeling) and North-Eastern India. It comprises Eastern Tamang, Northwestern Tamang, Southwestern Tamang, Eastern Gorkha Tamang, and Western Tamang. Lexical similarity between Eastern Tamang (which is regarded as the most prominent) and other Tamang languages varies between 81% and 63%. For comparison, the lexical similarity between Spanish and Portuguese is estimated at 89%.