hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
50th United States Colored Infantry Regiment
The 50th United States Colored Infantry Regiment was a U.S.C.T. infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was organized from the 12th Louisiana Infantry (African Descent) in March 1864. It served in various posts in the Department of the Gulf and fought in the Battle of Fort Blakeley in April 1865. It was mustered out on March 20, 1866.

Battle of Fort Blakeley
The Battle of Fort Blakeley took place from April 2 to April 9, 1865, in Baldwin County, Alabama, about 6 miles (9.7 km) north of Spanish Fort, Alabama, as part of the Mobile Campaign of the American Civil War. At the time, Blakeley, Alabama, had been the county seat of Baldwin County.

The Battle of Blakeley was the final major battle of the Civil War, with surrender just hours after Grant had accepted the surrender of Lee at Appomattox in the afternoon of April 9, 1865. Mobile, Alabama, was the last major Confederate port to be captured by Union forces, on April 12, 1865. After the assassination of President Lincoln on April 15, 1865, other Confederate surrenders continued into June 1865.
Majestic Park
The original Majestic Park was one of the first Major League Baseball spring training facilities. The ballpark was located at the corner of Belding Street and Carson Street in Hot Springs, Arkansas. Today, the site is in use by Champion Christian College, National Park College, and travel/tournament baseball and softball. Majestic Park has been renovated by the City of Hot Springs. Babe Ruth, Cy Young, Jackie Robinson and Hank Aaron are among the many who have played at the site.

National Park College
National Park College (NPC) is a public community college in Hot Springs, Arkansas. It was founded in 2003 as a result of a merger between Garland County Community College and Quapaw Technical Institute. It is now one of the state's largest community colleges, enrolling 3,000 students annually in credit programs and an additional 3,800 students in non-credit programs. Tuition at NPC is less than half that of Arkansas' universities. The name of the college is derived from its location adjacent to Hot Springs National Park.
Mohan Singh Mahara
Mohan Singh Mahara (born 1954) is an Indian politician from Uttarakhand. He is an MLA from Jageshwar Assembly constituency in Almora district. He won as an MLA in the 2022 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election representing the Bharatiya Janata Party.

2022 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election
Legislative Assembly elections were held in Uttarakhand on 14 February 2022 to elect 70 members of the Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly. The votes were counted and the results were declared on 10 March 2022. It was the first time an incumbent government got re-elected after the creation of Uttarakhand.

The Bharatiya Janata Party formed the government for a second consecutive term with 47 seats, despite losing 10 seats. The Indian National Congress won 19 seats and served as the official opposition.
Ulakhan-Ebya
Ulakhan-Ebya (Russian: Улахан-Эбя, Yakut: Улахан Эбэ, Ulaxan Ebe) is a rural locality (a selo), and one of two settlements in Khoptoginsky Rural Okrug of Churapchinsky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, in addition to Diring, the administrative center of the Rural Okrug. It is located 39 kilometers (24 mi) from Churapcha, the administrative center of the district and 15 kilometers (9.3 mi) from Yuryung-Kyuyol. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 53; down from 73 recorded in the 2002 Census.

Churapchinsky District
Churapchinsky District (Russian: Чурапчинский улу́с; Yakut: Чурапчы улууһа, Çurapçı uluuha, Yakut pronunciation: [t͡ʃuɾapˈt͡ʃɯ uluːha]) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the center of the republic and borders Tattinsky District in the north, Ust-Maysky District in the east and southeast, Amginsky District in the south, Megino-Kangalassky District in the west, and Ust-Aldansky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 12,600 square kilometers (4,900 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Churapcha. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 20,387, with the population of Churapcha accounting for 43.0% of that number.
East Hereford
East Hereford is a municipality of about 260 people in southeastern Quebec, Canada, in Coaticook Regional County Municipality in the Estrie region. The Beecher Falls–East Hereford Border Crossing with the United States is located here.

East Hereford is located just north of Beecher Falls, Vermont, and on the east side of East Hereford it is bordered by New Hampshire. Halls Stream, a south-flowing tributary of the Connecticut River, forms the eastern boundary of the municipality and the Canada–United States border. Dairy farming and lumber products are the main sources of income in the area.

East Hereford includes the hamlet of Comins Mills. The nearby Mont Hereford has a developed trail network for the sport of mountain biking.

Estrie
Estrie (French pronunciation: [ɛstʁi]) is an administrative region of Quebec that comprises the Eastern Townships. Estrie, a French neologism, was coined as a derivative of est, "east". Originally settled by anglophones, today it is about 90 per cent francophone. Anglophones are concentrated in Lennoxville, home of the region's only English-speaking university, Bishop's University. The English-language Eastern Townships School Board runs 20 elementary schools, three high schools, and a learning centre.

The region originally consisted of 6 regional county municipalities. In 2021, La Haute-Yamaska & Brome-Missisquoi joined Estrie, transferring from Montérégie.
Pend Oreille Wildlife Management Area
Pend Oreille Wildlife Management Area at 4,908 acres (19.86 km2) is an Idaho wildlife management area in Bonner County near Sandpoint. Much of the land that is now the WMA was licensed to the Idaho Department of Fish and Game by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in 1956 as mitigation for wildlife habitat impacted by the construction of Albeni Falls Dam. Additional land was purchased in 1974 and three more parcels were licensed in 1996. Acquisitions were completed in 1997 with funds from the Bonneville Power Administration.

The WMA is located along Lake Pend Oreille, which contains fish such as rainbow trout, lake trout, perch, crappie, bass, and whitefish. Wildlife found in the WMA include migrating and wintering waterfowl such as tundra swans.

Lake trout
The lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) is a freshwater char living mainly in lakes in Northern North America. Other names for it include mackinaw, namaycush, lake char (or charr), touladi, togue, laker, and grey trout. In Lake Superior, it can also be variously known as siscowet, paperbelly and lean. The lake trout is prized both as a game fish and as a food fish.  Those caught with dark coloration may be called mud hens.
Moldau-Stipendium
The Moldau-Stipendium ("Vltava Scholarship") was a literary and art prize of the Hessian Ministry for Science and the Arts (Hessisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Kunst), which was awarded from 1998 to 2010. The Ministry allowed artists to stay in the "Egon Schiele Art Centrum" located in Český Krumlov, Czech Republic by funding all costs for up to two months. Applicants had to have lived in Hesse for at least two years; prizewinners were selected by the Ministry.

Hessian Ministry of Higher Education, Research and the Arts
The Hessian Ministry of Science and Research, Arts and Culture (German: Hessisches Ministerium für Wissenschaft und Forschung, Kunst und Kultur), abbreviated HMWK, is a university and culture ministry in Hesse, Germany. Since 2024, the minister is Timon Gremmels.
Amalgamated Machine, Engine and Iron Grinders' and Glazers' Society
The Amalgamated Machine, Engine and Iron Grinders' and Glazers' Society was a small but long-lasting trade union representing machine workers in the United Kingdom and Ireland.

The union was founded in 1844, but grew only very slowly; by 1897, it had 514 members in eight branches.  It affiliated to the General Federation of Trade Unions, within which its secretary, William Saxon, became prominent.

By 1956, membership had slumped to only 150, so in September, the union merged into the Amalgamated Engineering Union.

General Federation of Trade Unions (UK)
The General Federation of Trade Unions (GFTU) is a national trade union centre in the United Kingdom. It has 35 affiliates with a membership of just over 214,000 and describes itself as the "federation for specialist unions".
Music Idol
Music Idol (Мюзик айдъл) is the Bulgarian version of the British television hit show Pop Idol. It was a talent contest to determine the superior pop performer. Its first season was aired on bTV from February 26 until June 7, 2007. During its third season, the show went international and auditions took place in neighboring Macedonia. Other major changes in the third season: minimum age for participants 13 (not 16), more talk show than music, great accent on the hosts, hidden vote results, which makes it impossible to validate the result of each elimination.

Doni (Bulgarian singer)
Dobrin Dimitrov Vekilov (born May 7, 1967) (Bulgarian Cyrillic: Добрин Димитров Векилов), best known by his stage name Doni (Bulgarian Cyrillic: Дони, also spelled Dony), is a Bulgarian pop singer, composer and actor.
Altellopsis
Altellopsis is a genus of South American tangled nest spiders containing the single species, Altellopsis helveola. It was  first described by Eugène Simon in 1905, and has only been found in Argentina.

Amaurobiidae
Amaurobiidae is a family of three-clawed cribellate or ecribellate spiders found in crevices and hollows or under stones where they build retreats, and are often collected in pitfall traps. Unlidded burrows are sometimes quite obvious in crusty, loamy soil. They are difficult to distinguish from related spiders in other families, especially Agelenidae and Desidae. Their intra- and interfamilial relationships have been contentious.

In Australia, they are small to medium-sized entelegyne spiders with minimal sheet webs. They are fairly common in Tasmania and nearby mainland Australia in cooler rainforest, some in caves. They are widespread but uncommon along the eastern coastline. They generally have eight similar eyes in two conservatively curved rows. They often have a calamistrum on metatarsus IV associated with a cribellum. Australian amaurobiids may be distinguished from the Desidae by the absence of a pretarsal fracture and the presence of a retrocoxal hymen on coxa I.
Contact tension
Contact tension (also known as the contact electromotive force) is a force suggested by Alessandro Volta in 1800 to explain how electricity is generated in an electric battery or, as it was then called, the Voltaic pile. The validity of this model versus one based upon chemical reactions was debated for much of the 19th century in what has been called the Galvani-Volta controversy. While it was not the appropriate explanation for batteries, this model (which is now called the contact or Volta potential) is valid science. It plays an important role in contact electrification as well as in many areas of semiconductor physics such as p–n junctions. This only became apparent much later after a more complete understanding of phenomena such as work functions evolved based upon quantum mechanics.

Luigi Galvani
Luigi Galvani (/ɡælˈvɑːni/ gal-VAH-nee, US also /ɡɑːl-/ gahl-, Italian: [luˈiːdʒi ɡalˈvaːni]; Latin: Aloysius Galvanus; 9 September 1737 – 4 December 1798) was an Italian physician, physicist, biologist and philosopher who studied animal electricity. In 1780, using a frog, he discovered that the muscles of dead frogs' legs twitched when struck by an electrical spark.: 67–71  This was an early study of bioelectricity, following experiments by John Walsh and Hugh Williamson.
Vinay Kumar (politician)
Shri Vinay Kumar is an Indian politician, social worker, incumbent Member of Legislative Assembly for Sri Renukaji Assembly constituency and former deputy speaker of the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly. He is a former Chief Parliamentary Secretary of the Government of Himachal Pradesh. He is also the president of Himachal Pradesh Congress Committee.

Sri Renukaji Assembly constituency
Sri Renukaji is one of the 68 constituencies in the Himachal Pradesh Legislative Assembly of Himachal Pradesh a northern state of India. It is also part of Shimla Lok Sabha constituency. It was established in 2008.
James Robert Beene
James Robert Beene, from the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, was made a Fellow in the American Physical Society after being nominated by the Division of Nuclear Physics at ORNL in 1991.

Beene was recognized for his outstanding contributions and investigations in heavy ion nuclear physics, particularly studies of the nuclear giant resonance structures via Coulomb excitations, and their subsequent decay via photon and neutron emission with 4-TT detector systems.

Neutron emission
Neutron emission is a mode of radioactive decay in which one or more neutrons are ejected from a nucleus. It occurs in the most neutron-rich/proton-deficient nuclides, and also from excited states of other nuclides as in photoneutron emission and beta-delayed neutron emission. As only a neutron is lost by this process the number of protons remains unchanged, and an atom does not become an atom of a different element, but a different isotope of the same element.

Neutrons are also produced in the spontaneous and induced fission of certain heavy nuclides.
2015–16 Croatian Second Football League
The 2015–16 Croatian Second Football League (also known as Druga HNL or 2. HNL) is the 25th season of the Croatian Second Football League, the second level football competition for men's association football teams in Croatia, since its establishment in 1992. The season started on 14 August 2015 and will end on 21 May 2016.

The league is contested by twelve teams and played in a triple round robin format, with each team playing every other team three times over 33 rounds. At the end of the previous season Inter Zaprešić were promoted, returning to the top flight after two seasons, while Bistra were relegated in their début season. Pomorac were also relegated due to financial insolvency. Bistra and Pomorac were replaced by Dinamo II and Šibenik, after winning their respective Croatian Third Football League divisions.

NK Pomorac 1921
NK Pomorac 1921 is a Croatian football club based in Kostrena, a suburb of Rijeka which currently plays in Croatian third tier 3. HNL West. The town of Kostrena is known for its maritime tradition, which is reflected in the club's name, as the word "pomorac" means "mariner" or "seaman" in English.
Verkhnyaya Toyma Airport
Verkhnyaya Toyma is an airport in Russia located 1 km northeast of the rural locality (a selo) of Verkhnyaya Toyma. It is a paved civilian airstrip serving the region northwest of Kotlas.  It is capable of handling Yak-42 and An-24 aircraft. The airport is located southeast of Verkhnyaya Toyma, immediately east of the local road connecting Verkhnyaya Toyma to the settlement of Dvinskoy.

In the 1980s, the airport was serving about 2-3 daily flights to Arkhangelsk and up to 7 daily flights to Kotlas, the regional transport hub. In addition, the selos around Verkhnyaya Toyma were connected to it by local passenger flights.

In 2010, the airport is basically defunct, flights have not been carried out for years. Parts of the airport, including the building which previously hosted the navigation service, were offered for sale with possible usages as a storehouse for timber and as a basic hotel.

Yakovlev Yak-42
The Yakovlev Yak-42 (Russian: Яковлев Як-42; NATO reporting name: "Clobber") is a 100-120-seat three-engined mid-range passenger jet developed in the mid 1970s to replace the  obsolete Tupolev Tu-134. It was the first airliner produced in the Soviet Union to be powered by modern high-bypass turbofan engines.
Alejandro González Yáñez
Alejandro González Yáñez (born 9 September 1956) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Labor Party (PT), of which he was a founding member in 1990.

He served as a senator for the state of Durango in the 64th and 65th Congresses (2018–2024).

He also was a senator in the 60th and 61st Congresses and a federal deputy during the 59th Congress. From 1992 to 1995 he was the mayor of Victoria de Durango.

González Yáñez won election as one of Durango's senators in the 2024 Senate election, occupying the first place on the Sigamos Haciendo Historia coalition's two-name formula.

Labor Party (Mexico)
The Labor Party (Spanish: Partido del Trabajo [paɾˈtiðo ðel tɾaˈβaxo], PT; also known as the Workers Party) is a socialist political party in Mexico. It was founded on 8 December 1990. The party is currently led by Alberto Anaya.

Following the 2018 election, the PT became the third-largest political party in the Chamber of Deputies with 61 deputies, after Morena with 191 and the PAN with 81. Political maneuvering briefly established the PRI as the third-largest party in August 2020, although it later turned out that the PT and the PRI were tied with 46 seats each after doubtful PRD deputy defections in favor of the PRI.

It received 6.46% of the total votes cast in the 2024 presidential election, becoming the sixth national political force. It has 49 deputies and 6 senators in the LXVI legislature of the Congress of the Union.
Vellore Mutiny
The Vellore mutiny, or Vellore Revolution, occurred on 10 July 1806 and was the first instance of a large-scale and violent mutiny by Indian sepoys against the East India Company, predating the Indian Rebellion of 1857 by half a century. The revolt, which took place in the Indian city of Vellore, lasted one full day, during which mutineers seized the Vellore Fort and killed or wounded 200 British troops. The mutiny was subdued by cavalry and artillery from Arcot. Total deaths amongst the mutineers were approximately 350; with  summary executions of about 100 during the suppression of the outbreak, followed by the formal court-martial of smaller numbers.

Summary execution
In civil and military jurisprudence, summary execution is the putting to death of a person accused of a crime without the benefit of a free and fair trial. The term results from the legal concept of summary justice to punish a summary offense, as in the case of a drumhead court-martial, but the term usually denotes the summary execution of a sentence of death. Under international law, it is defined as a combatant's refusal to accept an opponent's lawful surrender and the combatant's provision of no quarter, by killing the surrendering opponents.

Summary executions have been practiced by governments and paramilitary organizations during both peacetime and war, and are usually associated with war crimes and political persecution.
The Tower (Motorpsycho album)
The Tower is a studio album by Norwegian rock band Motorpsycho, released on September 8, 2017, through Stickman Records and Rune Grammofon. This is the first installment in the band's Gullvåg Trilogy with the second installment being 2019's The Crucible and the third and final installment being 2020's The All Is One. The album is available as double vinyl, double CD and a digital download.

The album was nominated for the best rock album at the 2017 Spellemannprisen.

Motorpsycho (band)
Motorpsycho is a Norwegian rock band from Trondheim. Their music can generally be defined as progressive or psychedelic rock, but they also mix in elements from alternative, jazz, post-rock, pop, country and many other musical styles. The stable members of the band are Bent Sæther (born 18 February 1969, bass/vocals) and Hans Magnus "Snah" Ryan (born 31 December 1969, guitar/vocals). From 1992 to March 2005, Håkon Gebhardt (born 21 June 1969) was the band's drummer. From December 2007 to May 2016 Kenneth Kapstad was the drummer of the band, being replaced by Tomas Järmyr, who joined in early 2017. Järmyr left the band in January 2023.
PlaceSpeak
PlaceSpeak is a location-based civic engagement platform designed to consult with people within specific geographic boundaries. It is a product of PlaceSpeak Inc., a Canadian technology company headquartered in Vancouver, British Columbia.

Its suite of feedback collection tools and features was designed with the International Association of Public Participation (IAP2) Spectrum of Public Participation in mind. PlaceSpeak has been used by public and private sector organizations to consult with the public on community plans, parks and recreation, public transit, public health, budgets, and more. As of late, it has supported the emergence of Smart Cities across the world with citizen engagement tools for real time development.

Technology company
A technology company (or tech company) is a company that focuses primarily on the manufacturing, support, research and development of—most commonly computing, telecommunication and consumer electronics–based—technology-intensive products and services, which include businesses relating to digital electronics, software, optics, new energy, and Internet-related services such as cloud storage and e-commerce services. Big Tech refers to the 6 largest companies, both in the United States and globally, symbolized by the metonym 'Silicon Valley', where 4 of them are based.
Chae-young
Chae-young is a Korean given name.

People with this name include:

Yoo Chae-yeong (1977–2014), South Korean singer and actress

Han Chae-young (born 1980), South Korean actress

Lee Chae-young (born 1986), South Korean actress

Kang Chae-young (born 1996), South Korean archer

Rosé (singer) (born Park Chae-young, 1997), New Zealand and South Korean singer, member of girl group Blackpink

Chaeyoung (born Son Chae-young, 1999), South Korean singer and rapper, member of girl group Twice

Kang Chae-young
Kang Chae-young (Korean: 강채영, born 8 June 1996) is a South Korean archer competing in women's recurve events. She has won numerous medals in archery competitions.

Kang was born in Ulsan, South Korea. She attended Ulsan Jung-ang Elementary School.
Château du Lude
The Château du Lude is one of the many monumental châteaux of the  Loire Valley (Vallée de la Loire) in France. The château is situated in the commune of Le Lude in the Sarthe department in the region of Pays de la Loire and stands at the crossroads of Anjou, Maine and Touraine. Le Lude is the most northerly château of the Loire Valley and one of the last important historic castles in France, still inhabited by the same family for the last 260 years. The château is testimony to four centuries of French architecture, as a stronghold transformed into an elegant house during the Renaissance and the 18th century. The monument is located in the valley of Le Loir. Its gardens have evolved throughout the centuries. It is a harmonious combination of French design and an English-style landscape, with a rose garden, topiaries, a labyrinth and a botanical walk.

Le Lude
Le Lude (French pronunciation: [lə lyd]) is a commune in the Sarthe department in the region of Pays de la Loire, northwestern France. On 1 January 2018, the former commune of Dissé-sous-le-Lude was merged into Le Lude.
KSZN Rypne
KSZN Rypne (officially: Klub Sportowy Zakładów Naftowych Rypne) was an interwar Polish sports club based in the village of Rypne, in the Stanisławów Voivodeship (in present-day Ukraine). The club was disbanded during the Second World War.

Polmin
Polmin (English: State Factory of Mineral Oils, Polish: Państwowa Fabryka Olejów Mineralnych) was an interwar Polish petroleum company. The company was founded in 1909 and nationalized in 1927. Crude run in 1930 reached over 731 thousand barrels, making Polmin the largest petroleum company in all of Interwar Poland with its annual capacity of 2.1 million barrels.

Polmin produced gasoline, kerosine, various oils including lubricating oils, cylinder oils and special oils, solid lubricants, vaseline, paraffin, candles and asphalt.

The company operated a large oil refinery in Drohobycz, which in late 1930s employed around 3000 people.
The refinery in Drohobycz was one of the largest in all of Europe.