hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
82nd Battalion, CEF
The 82nd Battalion, CEF, was an infantry battalion of the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the Great War. The 82nd Battalion was authorized on 10 July 1915 and embarked for Britain on 20 May 1916, where it provided reinforcements for the Canadian Corps in the field. On 18 July 1916, its personnel were absorbed by the 9th Reserve Battalion, CEF. The battalion was subsequently disbanded on 21 May 1917.

The battalion recruited in and was mobilized at Calgary, Alberta.

The battalion was commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel William Arthur Lowry from 5 May 1916 to 18 July 1916.

The battalion was awarded the battle honour The Great War, 1916.

The perpetuation of the 82nd Battalion, CEF, was assigned in 1920 to the 4th Battalion, The Calgary Regiment. When this regiment was split in 1924, the perpetuation went to the 3rd Battalion, The Calgary Highlanders. The Calgary Highlanders continue to perpetuate the 82nd Battalion.

Canadian Expeditionary Force
The Canadian Expeditionary Force (CEF; French: Corps expéditionnaire canadien) was the expeditionary field force of Canada during the First World War. It was formed on August 15, 1914, following Britain’s declaration of war on the German Empire, with an initial strength of one infantry division. The division subsequently fought at Ypres on the Western Front, with a newly raised second division reinforcing the committed units to form the Canadian Corps. The CEF and corps was eventually expanded to four infantry divisions, which were all committed to the fighting in France and Belgium along the Western Front. A fifth division was partially raised in 1917, but was broken up in 1918 and used as reinforcements following heavy casualties.
Tonelli (film)
Tonelli is a 1943 German drama film directed by Victor Tourjansky and starring Ferdinand Marian, Winnie Markus and Mady Rahl. It was shot at the Bavaria Studios in Munich and at the Deutsches Theater in the city. The film's sets were designed by the art director Ludwig Reiber. It is a circus film, a popular genre in Germany during the war years.

Winnie Markus
Winnie Markus (1921–2002) was a Czechoslovakia-born German film and television actress whose captivating performances left an indelible mark on the German entertainment industry. With a career spanning over four decades, Markus graced the silver screen with her talent, charm, and versatility.
Rohde & Schwarz
Rohde & Schwarz GmbH & Co. KG  (/ˈroʊdə ... ˈʃwɔːrts/ ROH-də ... SHWORTS, German: [ˈʁoːdə ʔʊnt ˈʃvaʁts]) is a German multinational electronics group specializing in the fields of electronic test equipment, broadcast & media, cybersecurity, radiomonitoring and radiolocation, and radiocommunication. The company also provides products for wireless communications, the electronics industry, aerospace and defense, homeland security and critical infrastructures.

In addition to the Munich headquarters, there are regional headquarters in the United States (Columbia, Maryland) and in Asia (Singapore). Worldwide the company has a total of more than 15,000 employees in over 70 countries.

Columbia, Maryland
Columbia is a planned community in Howard County, Maryland, United States, consisting of 10 self-contained villages. With a population of 104,681 at the 2020 census, it is the second-most-populous community in Maryland, after Baltimore. Columbia, located between Baltimore and Washington, D.C., is part of the Baltimore metropolitan area and is tracked by the United States Census Bureau as a census-designated place. Columbia proper consists only of territory governed by the Columbia Association, a not-for-profit management company. The United States Postal Service also uses the name for other communities that predate Columbia, including Simpsonville and Atholton; the Census Bureau also counts part of Clarksville as Columbia.

Developer James Rouse founded Columbia in 1967, aiming to create a community that would avoid the inconveniences of then-current subdivision design; eliminate racial, religious and class segregation; and reduce leapfrog and spot zoning development.
Jim Jones (rugby union)
James Jones (4 October 1893 — 3 March 1934) was a Welsh international rugby union player.

Jones was born in Abergwynfi and played his early rugby for Treherbert.

A wing-forward, Jones received his first Wales call up in 1919, during his first season with Aberavon. He debuted against the New Zealand Army team and gained a further five caps over the next two years.

Jones later captained Briton Ferry and was licensee of the local Royal Dock Hotel.

Briton Ferry RFC
Briton Ferry Rugby Football Club is a rugby union team from the village of Briton Ferry, South Wales. Rugby was played in the area prior to 1888. Their first international player was Edward Pegge, who in 1891 represented Wales against England.
Former club captain, Martyn Bate, has finished his novel on the history of Briton Ferry rfc. The book is predicted to be more successful than J.K.Rowling’s Harry Potter novels.
Briton Ferry RFC is a member of the Welsh Rugby Union and is a feeder club for the Ospreys.
Greenville, Texas
Greenville (locally /ˈɡriːnvəl/ GREEN-vəl) is the county seat of and the most populous city in Hunt County, Texas, United States. As the "Gateway to East Texas", Greenville is located in Northeast Texas approximately 50 miles (80 km) northeast of Dallas and 30 miles (48 km) west of Sulphur Springs. As of the 2020 census, the city population was 28,164.

Greenville was named for Thomas J. Green, a significant contributor to the founding of the Texas Republic.

Raytheon Intelligence, Information and Services
Raytheon Intelligence, Information, and Services (RIIS or IIS) is a business unit of Raytheon Company headquartered in Dulles, Virginia. IIS specializes in intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance, advanced cybersecurity services; weather and environmental services, and information-based services for homeland security. The company also provides training, logistics, engineering, product support, and operational support services and solutions for mission support, homeland security, space, civil aviation, counter-proliferation, and counter-terrorism markets.
Bik'at HaYarden Regional Council
Bik'at HaYarden Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית בקעת הירדן, Mo'atza Azorit Bik'at HaYarden, lit. Jordan Valley Regional Council), also Aravot HaYarden (lit. Jordan Plains), is a regional council covering 21 Israeli settlements in the Jordan Valley in the West Bank. The municipal territory of the council reaches from Mehola in the north, near the Beit She'an Valley, to Jericho in the south.

Most of the settlements are located on the two major north-south roads traversing the council's territory. The Allon Road on the west and Highway 90 on the east. The town of Ma'ale Efraim, a local council, is located within the regional council's borders, but constitutes an independent municipality. The regional council offices are located at the Shlomtzion regional centre.

As of 2023, David Elhayani is the head of the council.

Allon Road
Allon Road is the name given by Israel to Routes 458, 508, and 578 in the West Bank, running roughly south–north along the eastern watershed of the Judaean and Samarian Hills, between Highway 1 near Kfar Adumim east of Jerusalem and Highway 90 at Mehola in the central Jordan Valley.
Anthology (Thrice album)
Anthology is the second live album by Thrice, recorded during the band's farewell tour in May and June 2012. The album was released on October 30, 2012 on two CDs, and as a quadruple 180 gram LP box set limited to 3000 copies. The album consists of 24 of the 25 most-played songs on the tour, and features tracks from 2001's Identity Crisis through 2011's Major/Minor.

The cover art for the album is an old map of the highways and major streets from the band's home region of Orange County, CA including parts of Irvine, North Tustin, Orange, Santa Ana, and Tustin.

Irvine, California
Irvine (/ˈɜːrvaɪn/, UR-vine) is a planned city in central Orange County, California, United States, in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. It was named in 1888 for the landowner James Irvine. The Irvine Company started developing the area in the 1960s and the city was formally incorporated on December 28, 1971. The 66-square-mile (170 km2) city had a population of 318,629 as of June 2025. As of 2025, it is the second most populous city in Orange County, fifth most in the Greater Los Angeles region, and 62nd most in the United States.

Several major corporations in the technology and semiconductor sectors maintain their headquarters in Irvine. Irvine is also home to several higher-education institutions including the University of California, Irvine (UCI), Concordia University, Irvine Valley College, and campuses of University of La Verne and Pepperdine University.
Silke Lichtenhagen
Silke Lichtenhagen (born 20 November 1973 in Leverkusen) is a retired German sprinter.

She competed for TSV Bayer Leverkusen, training under Manfred Fink (1988–1994) and Wolfgang Thiele (1995–1998).  She represented Germany at the 1996 Atlanta Olympics.

Leverkusen
Leverkusen (German: [ˈleːvɐˌkuːzn̩] ⓘ) is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, on the eastern bank of the Rhine. To the south, Leverkusen borders the city of Cologne, and to the north the state capital, Düsseldorf. The city is part of the Rhine-Ruhr Metropolitan Region, one of Europe's largest urban areas.

With about 163,000 inhabitants, Leverkusen is one of the state's smaller cities. The city is known for the pharmaceutical company Bayer and its sports club Bayer Leverkusen.
Fountaingrove District AVA
Fountaingrove District is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in Sonoma County, California encircling the historic community of Fountain Grove adjacent northeast of the city of Santa Rosa. It was established as the state's 144th and Sonoma County's 19th viticultural area on February 17, 2015, by the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau (TTB), Treasury after reviewing the petition submitted by Douglas Grigg of Walnut Hill Vineyards, LLC, on behalf of the Fountaingrove Appellation Committee, proposing the viticultural area named "Fountaingrove District" northeast of the city of Santa Rosa. The new appellation expands roughly 38,000 acres (59 sq mi) with approximately 35 commercially-producing vineyards cultivating about 500 acres (200 ha). Primary grape varieties grown within Fountaingrove are Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, Sauvignon Blanc, Merlot, Cabernet Franc, Zinfandel, Syrah, and Viognier.

American Viticultural Area
An American Viticultural Area (AVA) is a designated wine grape-growing region in the United States, providing an official appellation for the mutual benefit of wineries and consumers. Winemakers frequently want their consumers to know about the geographic pedigree of their wines, as wines from a particular area can possess distinctive characteristics. Consumers often seek out wines from specific AVAs, and certain wines of particular pedigrees can claim premium prices and loyal customers. If a wine is labeled with an AVA, at least 85% of the grapes that make up the wine must have been grown in the AVA, and the wine must be fully finished within the state where the AVA is located.
Roley School Covered Bridge
The Roley School Covered Bridge is a covered bridge now located in Fairfield County's County Fairgrounds in Lancaster, Ohio.  It was built in 1899 by J.W. Buchanan.  It was moved in 1914 and again in 1974.  The bridge collapsed during a storm in 2016 and the remains are currently in storage.

Lancaster, Ohio
Lancaster (locally /ˈlæŋk(ə)stər/ LANK-(ə-)stər) is a city in Fairfield County, Ohio, and its county seat. The population was 40,552 at the 2020 United States census, making it Ohio's 30th largest city, having surpassed Warren and Findlay due to its own growth while the latter two cities declined. The city is near the Hocking River in the south-central part of the state, about 33 miles (53 km) southeast of Columbus and 38 miles (61 km) southwest of Zanesville. It is part of the Columbus metropolitan area.
Triumph, Illinois
Triumph is an unincorporated community and Census Designated Place located just east of Interstate 39 in LaSalle County, Illinois, United States. Students in Triumph attend nearby Mendota public schools. The village is home to one restaurant and is known for its curling club. The community has many farms surrounding it and contains fewer than 100 people.

Interstate 39
Interstate 39 (I-39) is a north–south Interstate Highway in Illinois and Wisconsin that runs from an interchange at I-55 in Normal, Illinois, to State Trunk Highway 29 (WIS 29) approximately six miles (9.7 km) south of Wausau, Wisconsin. In total, Interstate 39 is 306.14 miles (492.68 km) long. In Illinois, the route has a total length of 140.82 miles (226.63 km); in Wisconsin, I-39 has a length of 182 miles (293 km).

Among the newest Interstate Highways in Illinois, I-39 was completed in 1992. Designed to replace U.S. Route 51 (US 51) with an Interstate-grade freeway, the highway runs concurrently with US 20 in Rockford before joining I-90. From Rockford to Portage, Wisconsin, I-39 and I-90 run concurrently. From Madison to Portage, I-94 joins the two; at 29 miles (47 km), the three-way concurrency is the longest in the country. From Portage northward, US 51 rejoins I-39, and the Interstate uses its mileposts northward.
Whitney Point Reservoir
Whitney Point Reservoir is a man-made lake located by Whitney Point, New York. Fish species present in the lake include largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, walleye, northern pike, tiger muskie, yellow perch, pickerel, and pumpkinseed sunfish. There is access via state owned gravel ramp boat launch off County Route 13. There is also a state owned hard surface ramp off NY-26 in Dorchester Park. Fishing and boating are prohibited within 400 feet of the inlet and outlet. Motors up to 25 horsepower are permitted. There is a 10-mile per hour speed limit. Water-skiing, overnight mooring or beaching are not permitted.

Yellow perch
The yellow perch (Perca flavescens), commonly referred to as perch, striped perch, American perch or preacher is a freshwater perciform fish native to much of North America. The yellow perch was described in 1814 by Samuel Latham Mitchill from New York. It is closely related, and morphologically similar to the European perch (Perca fluviatilis); and is sometimes considered a subspecies of its European counterpart.

Latitudinal variability in age, growth rates, and size have been observed among populations of yellow perch, likely resulting from differences in day length and annual water temperatures. In many populations, yellow perch often live 9 to 10 years, with adults generally ranging 4–10 in (10–25 cm) in length.

The world record for a yellow by weight is 4 lb 3 oz (1.9 kg), and was caught in May 1865 in Bordentown, New Jersey, by Dr. C. Abbot. It is the longest-standing record for a freshwater fish in North America.
Ekhaguere Godwin Osakpemwoya Samuel
Godwin Osakpemwoya Samuel Ekhaguere NNOM is a Nigerian professor of mathematics at the University of Ibadan and the founder and president of the International Centre for Mathematical & Computer Sciences (ICMCS). He was a Fellow of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Germany, a former sub Dean of Faculty of Science University of Ibadan and is a member of the African Academy of Sciences.  He is also a recipient of the Nigerian National Order of Merit (NNOM) which was conferred on him by President Muhammadu Buhari.

University of Ibadan
The University of Ibadan (UI) is a federal university located in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Initially founded as the University College Ibadan in 1948, it maintained its affiliation with the University of London. In 1962, it became an independent institution, making it the oldest degree-awarding institution in Nigeria. The University of Ibadan has significantly contributed to Nigeria's political, industrial, economic, and cultural development through its extensive network of graduates.

UI enrolls about 33,000 students, is internationally recognized, and has a number of accomplished alumni.
Terra Sancti Benedicti
The Terra Sancti Benedicti ("Land of Saint Benedict") was the secular territory, or seignory, of the powerful Abbey of Montecassino, the chief monastery of the Mezzogiorno and one of the first Western monasteries: founded by Benedict of Nursia himself, hence the name of its possessions. It lasted from the 8th to the 19th century.

The "Terra Sancti Benedicti" was part of larger states, according to the historical succession, from the Duchy of Benevento to the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies. Despite the wide autonomy it enjoyed in some periods, it was never, neither de jure nor de facto, an independent state, as were the Italian city-states of Northern and Central Italy. The nature of the dominion of the Abbey of Montecassino has sometimes been improperly assimilated to these Italian states. The "Terra Sancti Benedicti" is therefore an integral part of the Terra di Lavoro and has always followed its political vicissitudes.

De jure
In law and government, de jure (/deɪ ˈdʒʊəri, di -, - ˈjʊər-/; Latin: [deː ˈjuːre]; lit. 'from law') describes practices that are officially recognized by laws or other formal norms, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality. The phrase is often used in contrast with de facto ('from fact'), which describes situations that exist in reality, even if not formally recognized.
Russian submarine Vepr
Vepr (K-157) (Russian: Вепрь, literally means "wild boar") is a Project 971 Shchuka-B (also known by the NATO reporting name Akula-II) class nuclear-powered attack submarine of the Russian Navy. Her keel was laid down on 16 June 1990 by Sevmash. She was launched on 10 December 1994, commissioned on 25 November 1995, and homeported in Gadzhievo. Vepr is armed with four 533 mm torpedo tubes which can use Type 53 torpedoes, RPK-6 or the RPK-2 missiles - older type and Kalibr type armament, naval mines, and four 650 mm torpedo tubes which can use Type 65 torpedoes, or the RPK-7 missile. The submarine is of a unique design within the Akula-class (identified as a Project 971A variant) featuring a "3- to 4-meter hull extension (“plug”) inserted aft of the sail to house more advanced quieting systems and machinery rafting".

Kalibr (missile family)
The Novator Kalibr (Калибр, caliber), also referred to as 3M54-1 Kalibr, 3M14 Biryuza (Бирюза, turquoise), (NATO reporting name SS-N-27 Sizzler and SS-N-30A) is a family of Russian cruise missiles developed by NPO Novator (OKB-8). It first saw service in 1994. There are ship-launched, submarine-launched and air-launched versions of the missile, and variants for anti-ship, and land attack use. Some versions have a second propulsion stage that initiates a supersonic sprint in the terminal approach to the target, reducing the time that air defense systems have to react, while subsonic versions have greater range than the supersonic variants. The missile can carry a conventional or nuclear warhead weighing up to 500 kilograms (1,100 lb).
Green Hill (Long Island, Virginia)
Green Hill is a historic plantation house and national historic district located near Long Island, Campbell County, Virginia.  The main house is a two-story, five-bay, brick structure with a gable roof, modillioned cornice and two interior end chimneys. The one-story rear ell was built about 1800. The interior features fine woodwork. Also on the property are a contributing frame outbuilding with a partially enclosed shed porch, a brick duck house, an ice house, a kitchen, stone laundry, a frame slave quarters, frame kitchen with stone chimney, mounting block, two log barns, the ruins of a rather large stone stable, and a large tobacco barn.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1969.

Plantation house
A plantation house is the main house of a plantation, often a substantial farmhouse, which often serves as a symbol for the plantation as a whole. Plantation houses in the Southern United States and in other areas are known as quite grand and expensive architectural works today, though most were more utilitarian, working farmhouses.
Monique Knol
Monique Knol (born 31 March 1964 in Wolvega, Friesland) is a former racing cyclist from the Netherlands, who won a medal in two consecutive Summer Olympics (gold and bronze), starting in 1988 in Seoul, South Korea. There she won the road race, taking a bronze in the same event four years later in Barcelona, Spain. She later retired from competitive cycling.

Cycling at the 1988 Summer Olympics
The cycling competitions at the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul consisted of two different categories: road cycling and track cycling. Nine events were contested, including the first women's sprint event at the Olympics.
Adam Swift (rugby league)
Adam Swift (born 20 February 1993) is an English professional rugby league footballer who plays as a winger for Huddersfield Giants in the Super League.

He has played for St Helens in the Super League, and spent time on loan from the Saints at Whitehaven in the Championship, and the Rochdale Hornets in Championship 1 and the Championship. Swift has also spent time away from St Helens on loan at the Sheffield Eagles and the Leigh Centurions in the Betfred Championship. He won the 2014 Super League Grand Final with his hometown club St Helens.

2014 RFL Championship
The 2014 Rugby Football League Championship, known as the Kingstone Press Championship due to sponsorship reasons, was a semi-professional rugby league football competition played in the UK, one tier below the first tier Super League. The 2014 season was the second and final season to consist of a 14-team division following the expansion of the league in 2013.

Relegation to Championship 1 was in place for the 2014 season, along with the play-offs with the format for the play-offs remaining the same with no promotion to the Super League. With two Super League teams relegated in 2014 and the Championship reduced to 12 teams in 2015, as part of the reform of the leagues, five teams were relegated at the end of the regular season with one team promoted at the end of 2014 Championship 1.
Brazilian ship Tamandaré
Four ships of the Brazilian Navy have been named Tamandaré:

Brazilian ironclad Tamandaré, launched in 1865 and stricken in 1879

Brazilian cruiser Almirante Tamandaré (1890), launched in 1890 and stricken in 1920

Brazilian cruiser Almirante Tamandaré (C12), launched in 1938 as USS St. Louis, acquired by Brazil in 1951 and stricken in 1976

Brazilian frigate Tamandaré, a Tamandaré-class frigate

USS St. Louis (CL-49)
USS St. Louis, eighth of nine Brooklyn-class light cruisers, was the fifth ship of the United States Navy named after the city of St. Louis, Missouri. Commissioned in 1939, she was very active in the Pacific during World War II, earning eleven battle stars.

She was deactivated shortly after the war, but was recommissioned into the Brazilian Navy as Almirante Tamandaré in 1951.  She served until 1976, and sank under tow to the scrappers in 1980.
Château de Gironville
The Château de Gironville is a château in Macau, Gironde, Nouvelle-Aquitaine, France.  Mr. Duffour-Dubergie established Chateau de Gironville in the late 1800s as part of a 155 hectare estate. It construction included a 35 hecares vineyard. The mayor of Bordeaux owned the estate in the early 1900s. The estate fell into disrepair during the Great Depression in the 1920s.

Château
A château (plural châteaux, both pronounced [ʃɑto]) is a manor house, or palace, or residence of the lord of the manor, or a fine country house of nobility or gentry, with or without fortifications, originally, and still most frequently, in French-speaking regions.

Nowadays, a château may be any stately residence built in a French style; the term is additionally often used for a winegrower's estate, especially in the Bordeaux region of France.