hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mulkirigala Electoral District
Mulkirigala electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between March 1960 and February 1989. The district was named after the town of Mulkirigala in Hambantota District, Southern Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Mulkirigala electoral district was replaced by the Hambantota multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections.

Elections in Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka elects on the national level a head of state – the president – and a legislature. Sri Lanka has a multi-party system, with two dominant political parties. All elections are administered by the Election Commission of Sri Lanka.
Bagnolo in Piano
Bagnolo in Piano (Reggiano: Bagnōl in Piân) is a comune (municipality) in the province of Reggio Emilia in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 60 kilometres (37 mi) northwest of Bologna and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) northeast of Reggio nell'Emilia.

Bagnolo in Piano borders the following municipalities: Cadelbosco di Sopra, Correggio, Novellara, Reggio Emilia. Sights include the Torrazzo, a medieval tower which is what remains of the castle destroyed by the French during the War of Spanish Succession, and the medieval Pieve, in the frazione of Pieve Rossa.

Province of Reggio Emilia
The province of Reggio Emilia (Italian: provincia di Reggio nell'Emilia; Emilian: pruvînsa ed Rèz) is a province in the region of Emilia-Romagna in Italy. The capital city is the eponymous Reggio Emilia.

It has a population of 530,740 in an area of around 2,292 square kilometres (885 mi2) across its 42 municipalities.

The province is home to the historical Canossa Castle, property of the countess Matilde; it is where the Walk to Canossa of Henry IV occurred. Representatives of the free municipalities of Reggio, Modena, Bologna and Ferrara met in Reggio Emilia's Sala del Tricolore in 1797 to proclaim the Repubblica Cispadana, adopting the three colour green-white-red flag to represent their newly formed Republic; it was later adopted in 1848 as the national flag.
West Galician Code
The West Galician code (also The civil code of Western Galicia, German: Westgalizisches Gesetzbuch, rarely  — Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch von Westgalizien) was a civil code created in the 18th century. Karl Anton Freiherr von Martini was the leading drafter. The code was introduced in West Galicia, an administrative region of the Habsburg monarchy, created after the Third Partition of Poland, prior to the introduction of ABGB, the civil code of Austria. It contained little in the way of solving feudal-class problems, but was based on the ideals of freedom and equality before the law shaped by natural law.

Third Partition of Poland
The Third Partition of Poland (1795) was the last in a series of the Partitions of Poland–Lithuania and the land of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth among Prussia, the Habsburg monarchy, and the Russian Empire which effectively ended Polish–Lithuanian national sovereignty until 1918. The partition was the result of the Kościuszko Uprising and was followed by a number of Polish–Lithuanian uprisings during the period.
Sergi Gvarjaladze
Sergi Gvarjaladze (Georgian: სერგი გვარჯალაძე; born November 13, 1967) is a Georgian TV and radio presenter, film director, producer and musician whose career in the Georgian media spans 20 years. He has been involved in the commercial production of a number of projects of a social nature.
He is a German citizen and has worked in the German music industry since 1994 while studying at the University of Münster. He lives in, and divides his time between both Georgia and Germany.

University of Münster
The University of Münster (German: Universität Münster, until 2023 German: Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, WWU) is a public research university located in the city of Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany.

With more than 43,000 students and over 120 fields of study in 15 departments, it is Germany's fifth largest university and one of the foremost centers of German intellectual life. The university offers a wide range of subjects across the sciences, social sciences and the humanities. Several courses are also taught in English, including PhD programmes as well as postgraduate courses in geoinformatics, geospational technologies or information systems.

Professors and former students have won ten Leibniz Prizes, the most prestigious as well as the best-funded prize in Europe, one Fields Medal and two Nobel Prizes. The University of Münster has also been successful in the German government's Excellence Initiative.
Tas-Samra Battery
Tas-Samra Battery (Maltese: Batterija tas-Samra) was an artillery battery in Ħamrun, Malta, built by Maltese insurgents during the French blockade of 1798–1800. It was part of a chain of batteries, redoubts and entrenchments encircling the French positions in Marsamxett and the Grand Harbour.

Marsamxett Harbour
Marsamxett Harbour (Maltese pronunciation: [mɐr.sɐmˈʃɛt]), historically also referred to as Marsamuscetto, is a natural harbour on the island of Malta. It is located to the north of the larger Grand Harbour. The harbour is generally more dedicated to leisure use than the Grand Harbour.
Rullingen Castle
Rullingen Castle (Dutch: Kasteel van Rullingen) is a castle in Kuttekoven in the municipality of Borgloon, province of Limburg, Belgium.  Its situation in the valley of the Herk is very scenic.

The first recorded lord of Rullingen was Eggebert van Ruelingen, a vassal of Arnold II, Count of Loon (d 1138 or -39). The medieval castle was reconstructed, probably in the 1630s, as a typical moated castle of the Meuse valley, although the moat has been filled up in more recent times. A serious fire in 1920 destroyed part of the building, and reconstruction works lasted from 1921 to 1935.

The castle was acquired by the government of the province of Belgian Limburg. It is now used as a hotel.

Meuse
The Meuse or Maas is a major European river, rising in France and flowing through Belgium and the Netherlands before draining into the North Sea from the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta. It has a total length of 925 km (575 miles).
Lee McKenzie
Lee McKenzie (born 1 December 1977) is a journalist and presenter who is a reporter and deputy presenter for Channel 4's F1 coverage and Channel 4 Rugby.  McKenzie also works on a variety of sports on the BBC and Channel 4, including tennis, rugby and equestrian, as well as the Olympic, Paralympic and Commonwealth Games. McKenzie has also worked as a presenter for the BBC's F1 coverage, Sky Sports and Sky Sports News.

Lee is the daughter of Bob McKenzie, a Daily Express sports journalist for 35 years.

Channel 4 F1
Channel 4 F1, commonly abbreviated to C4F1, is a British television programme that covers Formula One motor racing. It has been aired by the British broadcaster Channel 4 since 2016.

From 2016 to 2018 half of the season's practice, qualifying sessions and races were shown live, with the other half covered with extended qualifying and race highlights. From 2019 to 2026 the programme has shown highlights of all races and live coverage of only the British Grand Prix.

The F1 program is shown on Channel 4 and available on its on-demand streaming service. Occasionally it has aired on the More4 channel, when Channel 4 showed other programming, usually due to a special event.
Psilocybe chuxiongensis
Psilocybe chuxiongensis is a species of psilocybin mushroom in the family Hymenogastraceae. Described as new to science in 2014, it is found in subtropical China. The type specimens, collected in August 2009, were found growing singly to scattered on cow dung. It is generally found in grasslands where cattle have grazed. The type locality was on Zixi Mountain (in the southwest of Chuxiong City) at an elevation of 2,237 metres (7,339 ft). The fruit bodies resemble Psilocybe cubensis, but can be distinguished from that species by its buff-yellow to yellowish-brown cap that lacks an umbo, and the lack of a ring on the stipe. It is classified in section Caerulescentes of the genus Psilocybe. P.  chuxiongensis is one of 14 Psilocybe species found in China. In a molecular phylogenetic analysis of DNA sequences, P. chuxiongensis was most closely related to P. cubensis, grouping in a clade sister to P. allenii and P. cyanescens.

Gills

Side

Entire

Annulus (mycology)
An annulus is the ring-like or collar-like structure sometimes found on the stipe of some species of mushrooms. The annulus represents the remnants of the partial veil, after it has ruptured to expose the gills or other spore-producing surface. It can also be called a ring which is what the Latin word annulus directly translates as.  The modern usage of the Latin word originates from the early days of botany and mycology when species descriptions were only written in Latin. Outside of the formal setting of scientific publications which still have a Latin requirement, it will often just be referred to as a ring or stem ring in field guides and on identification websites.
John Bonney (actor)
John Bonney (15 November 1933 - June 1993) was an Australian actor. He played lead roles in Contrabandits and Waterloo Station and was a host of The Marriage Game.

Bonney was born in England and moved to Australia at age 17 where he started acting classes and worked in radio plays. He returned to England and continued studying acting working on TV and at West End. Film roles during this time include Paranoiac, The Yellow Teddy Bears, Saturday Night Out and 633 Squadron. Returning to Australia in 1966 he landed a role in Contrabandits. He quit acting in 1973 before returning in 1981 as a guest star on an episode of MPSIB. 1983 saw him in Waterloo Station and in 1988 appeared as Robert Menzies in True Believers.

True Believers (miniseries)
True Believers is a 1988 Australian miniseries which looks at the history of the Australian Labor Party from the end of World War II up to the Australian Labor Party split of 1955.

It was co-written by Bob Ellis who focused on three characters "Chifley, the unlettered man of great dignity; Menzies, who used to stand for something but eventually stood only for Menzies; and Evatt, the grand idealist... It's almost like Shakespeare's Henry IV, Part 1. It's a chunk of national history during Australia's great era of change after the war."
Textual criticism of the Primary Chronicle
Textual criticism or textology of the Primary Chronicle or Tale of Bygone Years (Old East Slavic: Повѣсть времѧньныхъ лѣтъ, romanized: Pověstĭ vremęnĭnyxŭ lětŭ, commonly transcribed Povest' vremennykh let and abbreviated PVL) aims to reconstruct the original text by comparing extant witnesses. This has included the search for reliable textual witnesses (such as extant manuscripts and quotations of lost manuscripts); the collation and publication of such witnesses; the study of identified textual variants (including developing a critical apparatus); discussion, development and application of methods according to which the most reliable readings are identified and favoured of others; and the ongoing publication of critical editions in pursuit of a paradosis ("a proposed best reading").

Old East Slavic
Old East Slavic (traditionally also Old Russian) was a language (or a group of dialects) used by the East Slavs from the 7th or 8th century to the 13th or 14th century, until it diverged into the Russian and Ruthenian languages. Ruthenian eventually evolved into the Belarusian, Rusyn, and Ukrainian languages.
John Hanbury Martin
John Hanbury Martin (4 April 1890 – 3 February 1983) was a British Labour politician.

Martin was educated at Wellington College and Brasenose College, Oxford, before becoming an author and journalist.  During World War I, he served as a captain in the Queen's Westminsters.  At the 1931 United Kingdom general election, he stood unsuccessfully for the Labour Party in Great Yarmouth, and from 1934 until 1949, he served on Southwark Borough Council.

In 1934, he married Avice Blanaid Trench, daughter of Herbert Trench, but they were divorced in 1938.

He was elected Member of Parliament (MP) for Southwark Central in 1940, resigning in 1948. In 1951, he married Dorothy Helen Lloyd-Jones.

Queen's Westminsters
The Queen's Westminsters were an infantry regiment of the Territorial Army, part of the British Army. Originally formed from Rifle Volunteer Corps, which were established after a French invasion scare of 1859. The unit became part of the newly established London Regiment on the formation of the Territorial Force in 1908. It was subsequently amalgamated in 1921 with the Civil Service Rifles, and became a territorial Battalion of the King's Royal Rifle Corps in 1937. It ceased to exist as separate entity after it was amalgamated in 1961.
2009 Speedway Grand Prix of Nordic
The 2009 FIM Speedway World Championship Grand Prix of Nordic will be the eighth race of the 2009 Speedway Grand Prix season. It took place on 29 August in the Vojens Speedway Center in Vojens, Denmark. Vojens was GP host between 1995 and 2002.

The first Nordic SGP was won by Andreas Jonsson, who beat Rune Holta, Kenneth Bjerre and Emil Sayfutdinov in the final.

Emil Sayfutdinov
Emil Damirovich Sayfutdinov (Russian: Эмиль Дамирович Сайфутдинов; born 26 October 1989) is a motorcycle speedway rider from Russia. He is a member of the Russia national speedway team. He is a three times World team champion, twice World Junior champion and a two-time winner of the European Championships in 2014 and 2015.
Staploe
Staploe is a village and civil parish located in the Borough of Bedford in Bedfordshire, England.

Staploe was originally a hamlet of Eaton Socon. Under the Local Government Act 1958, Eaton Socon was merged with the neighbouring town of St Neots in Cambridgeshire. Staploe was therefore created as a civil parish in 1965.

The parish of Staploe includes other former parts of Eaton Socon - Duloe, Honeydon, and Upper Staploe. Bushmead Priory and the hamlet of Bushmead are also in the parish.

Local Government Act 1958
The Local Government Act 1958 (6 & 7 Eliz. 2. c. 55) was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom affecting local government in England and Wales outside London. Among its provisions it included the establishment of Local Government Commissions to review the areas and functions of local authorities, and introduced new procedures for carrying these into action.
Fauja Singh
Fauja Singh (died 14 July 2025) was a British Indian marathon runner. At the time of his birth in Punjab province in British India, birth certificates were not typically issued, so his age could not be verified by third parties. Later in life, he became a marathon runner, participating in marathons all over the world.

He beat a number of world records in multiple age brackets, but none of his times were ratified as records. His personal best time for the London Marathon (2003) was 6:02, and his marathon best, claimed for the 90-plus age bracket, was 5:40 at the claimed age of 92, at the 2003 Toronto Waterfront Marathon. He died in Punjab in 2025, in a hit and run incident.

British Indians
British Indians  are citizens of the United Kingdom (UK) whose ancestral roots are from India. 
Currently, the British Indian population exceeds 2 million people in the UK, making them the single largest visible ethnic minority population in the country. They make up the largest subgroup of British Asians and are one of the largest Indian communities in the Indian diaspora, mainly due to the Indian–British relations (including historical links such as India having been part of the British Empire and still being part of the Commonwealth of Nations). The British Indian community is the sixth largest in the Indian diaspora, behind the Indian communities in the United States, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Malaysia and Nepal. The majority of British Indians are of Punjabi and Gujarati origin with various other smaller communities from different parts of India including Kerala, West Bengal, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.
Microsoft Power BI
Microsoft Power BI (PBI) is an interactive data visualization software product developed by Microsoft with a primary focus on business intelligence (BI). It is part of the Microsoft Power Platform.
Power BI is a collection of software services, apps, and connectors that work together to turn various sources of data into static and interactive data visualizations. Data may be input by reading directly from a database, webpage, PDF, or structured files such as spreadsheets, CSV, XML,  JSON, XLSX, and SharePoint.

JSON
JSON (JavaScript Object Notation, pronounced /ˈdʒeɪsən/ or /ˈdʒeɪˌsɒn/) is an open standard file format and data interchange format that uses human-readable text to store and transmit data objects consisting of name–value pairs and arrays (or other serializable values). It is a commonly used data format with diverse  uses in electronic data interchange, including that of web applications with servers.

JSON is a programming language-independent data format. It was derived from JavaScript, but many modern programming languages include code to generate and parse JSON-format data. JSON filenames use the extension .json.

Douglas Crockford originally specified the JSON format in the early 2000s. They and Chip Morningstar sent the first JSON message in April 2001.
If the Music's Loud Enough...
If the Music's Loud Enough... is the second studio album released by the North Vancouver punk band d.b.s. It was released by Nefer Records in 1996. In the week of 16 January to 23 January 1997, the album appeared at #24 on the Canadian Top 50 music chart.

D.b.s.
D.B.S. (Dirty Black Summer, stylized as d.b.s.) were a punk rock band from North Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. From their beginnings in 1992 to their eventual breakup in 2001, they gained popularity in the Canadian punk rock scene, and to a lesser extent, the U.S. punk rock scene.

During their decade-long career, they released five studio albums, and toured with many well-established punk rock bands such as Rancid, Anti-Flag, D.O.A., Bouncing Souls, Youth Brigade, and many more. Their music drew comparisons to Jawbreaker, Lifetime, and The Promise Ring, among others.
Santiago Texcalcingo
Santiago Texcalcingo is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of  km2. 
It is part of the Teotitlán District in the north of the Cañada Region.

As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of .

Cañada Region
Cañada is a region in the state of Oaxaca, Mexico covering 4,300 square km. It includes two districts, Teotitlán and Cuicatlán.
The main administrative center is Teotitlán de Flores Magón, but Huautla de Jiménez is considered the most important cultural center in the region.

The region is named after the Cañada de Cuicatlán, a hot low canyon that links the Valley of Oaxaca to the south with the Valley of Tehuacán in Puebla state to the north.
The Cañada was the major Precolumbian route between the two valleys.
It was conquered and controlled by the early Zapotec state based on Monte Albán at some time around 300 BC.

The region is fertile with a warm and mild climate, and produces crops of mango, melon and avocado. It consists of flat lands watered by the Salado and Tomellín rivers.
Pedro Yanowitz
Peter Yanowitz (born September 13, 1967, Chicago, Illinois, United States), also known as Pedro Yanowitz, is an American musician, songwriter, and visual artist. Yanowitz  was the original drummer of The Wallflowers, and for Natalie Merchant on her first three solo records Tigerlily, Ophelia, and Live in Concert. He also played drums for Money Mark, the Black Sabbath tribute band Hand of Doom with Melissa Auf der Maur, and with Nina Nastasia, on her album Dogs. Other artists Yanowitz has played drums with include: Yoko Ono, Allen Ginsberg, and Wilco . Yanowitz was also the bass player, songwriter, and producer for the band Morningwood. Currently, Yanowitz is the drummer of Exclamation Pony with Ryan Jarman. Peter also performed as 'Schlatko', the drummer of The Angry Inch in the Tony award-winning Broadway musical Hedwig and the Angry Inch, starring Neil Patrick Harris, Andrew Rannells, Michael C. Hall, John Cameron Mitchell, Darren Criss, and Taye Diggs.

Taye Diggs
Scott Leo "Taye" Diggs (né Berry; born January 2, 1971) is an American actor and singer. He is known for his roles in the Broadway musicals Rent and Hedwig and the Angry Inch, the TV series Private Practice (2007–2013), Murder in the First (2014–2016), and All American (2018–2023), and the films How Stella Got Her Groove Back (1998), Brown Sugar, Chicago (both 2002), Malibu's Most Wanted (2003), Dylan Dog: Dead of Night (2011), and The Best Man (1999) and its sequel, The Best Man Holiday (2013).
Parasitaster, or The Fawn
Parasitaster, or The Fawn is an early Jacobean play, written by the dramatist and satirist John Marston, probably in 1604, and performed by the Children of the Queen's Revels in the Blackfriars Theatre.

The play is one of several written by Marston in the busy years 1604 and 1605, which also saw the production of The Dutch Courtesan and Sophonisba, as well as Eastward Ho, in which he collaborated with Ben Jonson and George Chapman. There is general agreement that The Fawn was most likely written and first performed in 1604, although a possible allusion in Act IV, scene i, to the bloody execution of Sir Everard Digby, who was drawn and quartered for his role in the Gunpowder Plot on 30 January 1606, suggests that the printed texts may include revisions, by Marston or others, after that date.

Children of the Chapel
The Children of the Chapel, or Children of the Chapel Royal, are a group of boy choristers and actors who form part of the Chapel Royal, the body of singers and priests who perform for the monarchy of the United Kingdom. They were overseen by the Master of the Children of the Chapel Royal.
D-10 tank gun
The D-10 is a Soviet 100 mm tank gun developed in late World War II. It originally equipped the SU-100 tank destroyers and was later selected for the T-55 tank, equipping these as late as 1979. On the T-55 the D-10 continues to be in active service in many countries.

Tank gun
A tank gun or tank cannon is the main armament of a tank. Modern tank guns are high-velocity, large-caliber artillery capable of firing kinetic energy penetrators, high-explosive anti-tank, and cannon-launched guided projectiles. Additional weapons, such as anti-aircraft guns, heavy machine guns and rocket launchers can also be mounted to tanks.

As the tank's primary armament, they are almost always employed in a direct fire mode to defeat a variety of ground targets at all ranges, including dug-in infantry, lightly armored vehicles, and especially other heavily armored tanks. They must provide accuracy, range, penetration, and rapid fire in a package that is as compact and lightweight as possible, to allow mounting in the cramped confines of an armored gun turret. Tank guns generally use self-contained ammunition, allowing rapid loading (or use of an autoloader). They often display a bulge in the barrel, which is a bore evacuator, or a device on the muzzle, which is a muzzle brake.