hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
BBC controversies
This article outlines, in chronological order, various controversies surrounding or involving the BBC. It includes arguments over political bias and impartiality, editorial mistakes and disputed broadcasts, misconduct by presenters, and wider institutional failings. The article also covers BBC responses to these controversies, including internal investigations, public apologies, leadership changes, and external scrutiny.

Ofcom
The Office of Communications (Ofcom) is the government-approved regulatory and competition authority for the broadcasting, internet, telecommunications and postal industries of the United Kingdom.

Ofcom has wide-ranging powers across the television, radio, telecoms, internet and postal sectors. It has a statutory duty to represent the interests of citizens and consumers by promoting competition and protecting the public from harmful or offensive material.

Some of the main areas Ofcom regulates are TV and radio standards, broadband and phones, video-sharing platforms online, the wireless spectrum and postal services.

The regulator was initially established by the Office of Communications Act 2002 (c. 11) and received its full authority from the Communications Act 2003 (c. 21).
Kae Tempest
Kae Tempest (formerly Kate Tempest) is an English spoken word performer, poet, recording artist, novelist and playwright.

At the age of 16, Tempest was accepted into the BRIT School for Performing Arts and Technology in Croydon. In 2013, he won the Ted Hughes Award for his work Brand New Ancients. He was named a Next Generation Poet by the Poetry Book Society, a once-a-decade accolade. Tempest's albums Everybody Down and Let Them Eat Chaos have been nominated for the Mercury Music Prize. An accompanying poetry book for the latter album (also titled Let Them Eat Chaos) was nominated for the Costa Book of the Year in the Poetry Category. His debut novel The Bricks That Built the Houses was a Sunday Times best-seller and won the 2017 Books Are My Bag Readers Award for Breakthrough Author. He was nominated as Best Female Solo Performer at the 2018 Brit Awards. Tempest came out as non-binary in 2020, then as a trans man in 2025.

Mercury Prize
The Mercury Prize, formerly called the Mercury Music Prize, is an annual music prize awarded for the best album released by a musical act from the United Kingdom or Ireland. It was created by Jon Webster and Robert Chandler in association with the British Phonographic Industry and British Association of Record Dealers in 1992 as an alternative to the Brit Awards.
Cowden Pound Pastures
Cowden Pound Pastures is a 5.9-hectare (15-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest north of Cowden in Kent. It is managed by the Kent Wildlife Trust.

This is unimproved neutral grassland, which is a nationally rare habitat, and it is grazed to prevent scrub invading the pasture. Grasses include crested dog's tail and common knapweed, and an area of wet grassland by a stream has jointed rush and water mint.

There is access from the drive to Walnut Tree Cottage on Hartfield Road, but the gate is padlocked.

Mentha aquatica
Mentha aquatica (water mint; syn. Mentha hirsuta Huds.) is a perennial flowering plant in the mint family, Lamiaceae.  It grows in moist places and is native to much of Europe, northwest Africa and southwest Asia.
La Paz, Córdoba
La Paz is a small town in the province of Córdoba, Argentina. Its population is 1189 inhabitants (2010 Census) and it is located 41 km (25 mi) from Villa Dolores.

The town grew around a Catholic church, San Juan de las Talas , built there in 1720, during colonial times.

Provinces of Argentina
Argentina has 23 provinces (Spanish: provincias, singular provincia) and one autonomous city, Buenos Aires, which serves as the federal capital, as determined by Congress.

The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions and exist under a federal system.
The Salvation Army in India
The Salvation Army is a major Christian denomination in India. Its work includes work with addicted persons. It has more than 300,000 members. It has 9 hospitals and more than 100 schools.
Its national secretariat is in Kolkata, West Bengal.

The Salvation Army in India is divided into territories:-

South Eastern Territory is for parts of Tamil Nadu and the whole of Puducherry.

Central Territory is for Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and part of Tamil Nadu.

Eastern Territory is for Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, Sikkim, Tripura, (part of) West Bengal and the Kingdom of Bhutan.

Northern Territory includes the states of Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Orissa, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, (part of) West Bengal, the Delhi, Chandigarh, the Andaman Islands and the Nicobar Islands.

South Western Territory equals Kerala.

Western Territory covers Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan.

Nicobar Islands
The Nicobar Islands /ˈnɪkəbɑːr/ are an archipelagic island chain in the eastern Indian Ocean. They are located in Southeast Asia, 150 kilometres (93 mi) northwest of Aceh on Sumatra, and separated from Thailand to the east by the Andaman Sea. Located 1,300 kilometres (810 mi) southeast of the Indian subcontinent, across the Bay of Bengal, they are part of India, as the Nicobar district within the union territory of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Together with the Andaman Islands to their north, the Nicobar Islands serve as a maritime boundary between the Bay of Bengal to the west and the Andaman Sea to the east.

In 2013, UNESCO added the Great Nicobar Island to its World Network of Biosphere Reserves, a list of internationally designated protected areas.
Imam Reza shrine bombing
The Imam Reza shrine bombing refers to a bomb explosion that occurred on 20 June 1994 in a crowded prayer hall at the shrine of Ali al-Ridha, the eighth Imam of Shia, located in Mashhad, Iran. To maximize the number of casualties, the explosion took place on Ashura, one of the holiest days for Shia Muslims, when hundreds of pilgrims had gathered to commemorate the death of their third Imam, Husayn ibn Ali.

The attack left at least 25 dead and at least 70 injured. The bomb was equivalent to 4.5 kilograms (10 lb) of TNT, according to experts. Although a Sunni militant group claimed responsibility, the Iranian government laid the blame on the People's Mujahedin of Iran, and others accused Pakistani militant Ramzi Yousef.

TNT
Trinitrotoluene (/traɪˌnaɪtroʊˈtɒljuːˌiːn, -jəˌwiːn/ try-NY-troh-TOL-yoo-een, -⁠yə-ween), more commonly known as TNT (and more specifically 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene, and by its preferred IUPAC name 2-methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene), is a chemical compound with the formula C6H2(NO2)3CH3. TNT is occasionally used as a reagent in chemical synthesis, but it is best known as an explosive material with convenient handling properties.  The explosive yield of TNT is considered to be the standard comparative convention of bombs and asteroid impacts. In chemistry, TNT is used to generate charge transfer salts.
Kee (film)
Kee is a 2019 Indian Tamil-language  action techno-thriller film written and directed by Kalees in his directorial debut and produced by Michael Rayappan. The film stars Jiiva, Nikki Galrani, Anaika Soti and Govind Padmasoorya with RJ Balaji, Rajendra Prasad, and Suhasini in supporting roles. Featuring music composed by Vishal Chandrasekhar, the film began production during August 2016. Upon release, the film got negative reviews from critics.

S. Michael Rayappan
Siluvai Michael Rayappan (born 19 March 1963) is an Indian politician and former Member of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Radhapuram constituency. He represented the Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam party. He is also a film producer and has produced such films like Nadodigal, Pattathu Yaanai, Eetti, and Miruthan under Global Infotainment's banner.
Katana Divisional Secretariat
Katana Divisional Secretariat is a  Divisional Secretariat  of Gampaha District, of Western Province, Sri Lanka. Andiambalama, Kimbulapitiya, and Kowinna are notable municipalities within this divisional secretariat.

Divisional secretariats of Sri Lanka
The districts of Sri Lanka are further divided into administrative sub-units known as divisional secretariats (Sinhala: ප්‍රාදේශීය ලේකම් කොට්ඨාස, romanized: Prādēśīya lēkam koṭṭhāsa ; Tamil: பிரதேச செயலகங்கள், romanized: Piratēca ceyalakaṅkaḷ). They were originally based on the feudal counties, the korales and ratas. Divisional secretariats are the third-level administrative divisions of the country and there are currently 331 divisional secretariats in Sri Lanka.

They were formerly known as D.R.O. divisions, after the divisional revenue officer. Later the D.R.O.s became assistant government agents and the divisions were known as A.G.A. divisions. Currently, the divisions are administered by a divisional secretary, and are known as D.S. divisions.
Madhav (film)
Madhav is an Indian Gujarati-language action film produced by Vivek Thakkar and directed by Hetal Thakkar, starring Hitu Kanodia in the lead with an ensemble supporting cast. Mehul Surti and Parth Bharat Thakkar composed the film's songs and background score.

Parth Bharat Thakkar
Parth Bharat Thakkar is a music director and singer from Gujarati cinema. He is known for his works in Gujjubhai the Great, Chhello Divas, Daav Thai Gayo Yaar and Love Ni Bhavai.

Parth is also known for his music composition of the song "Mann Melo" from the 2018 Gujarati romantic film Sharato Lagu. The song was highly acclaimed by critics as well as audiences.
Puka Ranra (Apurímac-Ayacucho)
Puka Ranra (Quechua puka red, ranra stony; stony ground, "red, stony ground", hispanicized spelling Pucaranra) is a mountain in the Wansu mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,000 metres (16,404 ft) high. It is located in the Apurímac Region, Antabamba Province, Juan Espinoza Medrano District, and in the Ayacucho Region, Parinacochas Province, Coronel Castañeda District.

Department of Apurímac
Apurímac (Spanish pronunciation: [apuˈɾimak])  is a department of Peru. Located in the southern-central part of the country, it is bordered on the east by Cuzco, on the west by Ayacucho, and on the south by the Arequipa and Ayacucho. It is administered by a regional government and its capital city is Abancay.
Hans Ritter von Adam
Leutnant Hans Ritter von Adam, born Hans Adam (24 May 1886 – 15 November 1917), was a Bavarian flying ace in World War I, with 21 victories before being killed in action. He enlisted as an infantry private and rose through the ranks to be commissioned an officer. His valor earned him his nation's highest awards, including one that posthumously raised him to nobility.

No. 29 Squadron RAF
No. 29 Squadron is a squadron of the Royal Air Force which is the Typhoon Operational Conversion Unit. Based at RAF Coningsby in Lincolnshire, the squadron is responsible for aircrew training on the Eurofighter Typhoon FGR4. It originally formed as a unit of the Royal Flying Corps in 1915, and is one of the world's oldest fighter squadrons.
Baron Grantchester
Baron Grantchester, of Knightsbridge in the City of Westminster, is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. It was created on 30 June 1953 for the banker and Liberal politician Alfred Suenson-Taylor. As of 2019, the title is held by his grandson, the third Baron, who succeeded his father in 1995. In 2003, he replaced the deceased Lord Milner of Leeds as one of the ninety elected hereditary peers that are allowed to remain in the House of Lords after the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999. Lord Grantchester sits on the Labour benches.

The family seat is Lower House Farm, near Audlem, Cheshire.

House of Lords Act 1999
The House of Lords Act 1999 (c. 34) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which reformed the House of Lords, one of the chambers of Parliament. The act was given royal assent on 11 November 1999. For centuries, the House of Lords had included several hundred members who inherited their seats (hereditary peers); the act removed such a right. However, as part of a compromise, the act allowed ninety-two hereditary peers to remain in the House. Another ten were created life peers to enable them to remain in the House.

The act decreased the membership of the House from 1,330 in October 1999 to 669 in March 2000. As another result of the act, the majority of the Lords were thence life peers, whose numbers had been gradually increasing since the Life Peerages Act 1958. As of June 2023, there were 848 members of the House of Lords, of whom 24 were senior Church of England bishops, whose representation in the House is governed by the Lords Spiritual (Women) Act 2015.
2016 WTA Shenzhen Open – Doubles
Lyudmyla Kichenok and Nadiia Kichenok were the defending champions, but chose to participate in Auckland instead.
Vania King and Monica Niculescu won the title, defeating Xu Yifan and Zheng Saisai in the final, 6–1, 6–4.

Lyudmyla Kichenok
Lyudmyla Viktorivna Kichenok (Ukrainian: Людмила Вікторівна Кіченок, IPA: [lʲʊdˈmɪlɐ ˈwiktor⁽ʲ⁾iu̯nɐ kitʃeˈnɔk]; born 20 July 1992) is a Ukrainian professional tennis player. She has been ranked as high as world No. 3 in doubles. She is a two-time Grand Slam champion winning the 2024 US Open with Jeļena Ostapenko and the 2023 Wimbledon Championships with Mate Pavić becoming the first Ukrainian to do so.

Kichenok has won ten additional doubles titles on the WTA Tour, including four with her twin sister, Nadiia. On 21 July 2014, she reached a her career-high singles rankings of No. 156.
Maryville railway station
Maryville railway station (NS687620) was opened in 1878 at Maryville, a small community in the Uddingston area to the south-east of Glasgow, Scotland on the old Glasgow, Bothwell, Hamilton and Coatbridge Railway between Shettleston and Hamilton. Clydeside and Bredisholm collieries were also served by the station.

Hamilton, South Lanarkshire
Hamilton (Scots: Hamiltoun; Scottish Gaelic: Baile Hamaltan [ˈpalə ˈhaməl̪ˠt̪ʰan]) is a large town in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. It serves as the main administrative centre of the South Lanarkshire council area. It sits 10 miles (16 km) south-east of Glasgow, 37 miles (60 km) south-west of Edinburgh and 74 miles (120 km) north of Carlisle. It is situated on the south bank of the River Clyde at its confluence with the Avon Water. Hamilton is the county town of the historic county of Lanarkshire and is the location of the headquarters of the modern local authority of South Lanarkshire.

The town itself has a population of around 55,000, which makes it the 9th largest locality in Scotland, and anchors a defined settlement of 84,000 (including neighbouring Blantyre, Bothwell and Uddingston) which is the country's 8th largest.
Jeanne Wilson (swimmer)
Jeanne Elizabeth Wilson (February 18, 1926 – April 18, 2018) was an American competition swimmer who represented the United States at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London.  She competed in the preliminary heats of the 200-meter breaststroke, recording a time of 3:18.3.

In June 1949, Wilson married Jack Vaughn and changed her last name to Vaughan.

Swimming at the 1948 Summer Olympics – Women's 200 metre breaststroke
The women's 200 metre breaststroke event, included in the swimming competition at the 1948 Summer Olympics, took place from 30 July to 3 August at the Empire Pool. In this event, swimmers covered four lengths of the 50-metre (160 ft) Olympic-sized pool employing the breaststroke. It was the fifth appearance of the event, which first appeared at the 1924 Summer Olympics in Paris. It was also the first appearance of the event since the outbreak of World War II. A total of 22 competitors from 14 nations participated in the event.
Thyrsus
In Ancient Greece a thyrsus (/ˈθɜːrsəs/) or thyrsos (/ˈθɜːrsɒs/; Ancient Greek: θύρσος) was a wand or staff of giant fennel (Ferula communis) covered with ivy vines and leaves, sometimes wound with taeniae and topped with a pine cone, artichoke, fennel, or by a bunch of vine-leaves and grapes or ivy-leaves and berries, carried during Hellenic festivals and religious ceremonies. The thyrsus is typically associated with the Greek god Dionysus (and his subsequent Roman equivalent Bacchus) as a symbol of prosperity, fertility, and hedonism.

Tainia (costume)
In ancient Greek costume, a tainia (Ancient Greek: ταινία; pl.: ταινίαι or Latin: taenia; pl.: taeniae) was a headband, ribbon, or fillet.

The tainia headband was worn with the traditional ancient Greek costume. The headbands were worn at Greek festivals. The gods also bound their heads with tainiai.

Cult images, trees, urns, monuments, animal sacrifices and the deceased had tainiai wound around them. They were later adopted by the Romans. A similar type of headband was the diadema, used as a symbol for kings.

Coy symposiast playing with his taenia, 450–440 BCE

Eros bearing tainia, red-figure skyphos, Lucania 420–400 BCE

Cyprian Aphrodite coiffed with diadem and tainia, 351-332 BCE

Tainia-bound double cornucopia, Ptolemaic Egypt, 283–246 BCE

Tetradrachm of Eumenes II, 2nd century BCE
Wright's Coal Tar Soap
Created by William Valentine Wright in 1860, Wright's Coal Tar Soap is a British brand of antiseptic soap designed to cleanse the skin thoroughly. It is an orange colour.

For over 150 years, Wright's Coal Tar Soap was a popular brand of household soap; its successor, Wright's Traditional Soap, can still be bought in supermarkets and from chemists worldwide. The original product was developed by William Valentine Wright in 1860 from "liquor carbonis detergens", the liquid by-product of the distillation of coal to make coke; the liquid was made into an antiseptic soap for treating skin diseases. However, Wright's Traditional Soap contains no coal tar, which has been replaced by tea tree oil for its antibacterial properties.

Soap
Soap is a salt of a fatty acid (sometimes other carboxylic acids) used for cleaning and lubricating products as well as other applications. In a domestic setting, soaps, specifically "toilet soaps", are surfactants usually used for washing, bathing, and other types of housekeeping. In industrial settings, soaps are used as thickeners, components of some lubricants, emulsifiers, and catalysts.

Soaps are often produced by mixing fats and oils with a base. Humans have used soap for millennia; evidence exists for the production of soap-like materials in ancient Babylon around 2800 BC.
Barney Bright
Jeptha Barnard Bright Jr (July 8, 1927 – July 23, 1997), better known as Barney Bright, born in Shelby County, Kentucky and was a sculptor from Louisville, Kentucky, is best known for his work on the Louisville Clock.

Shelby County, Kentucky
Shelby County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 48,065. Its county seat is Shelbyville. The county was established in 1792 and named for Isaac Shelby, the first Governor of Kentucky.
Shelby County is part of the Louisville/Jefferson County, KY–IN Metropolitan Statistical Area. Shelby County's motto is "Good Land, Good Living, Good People".
Cameron McGlinchey
Cameron McGlinchey (born 19 September 1975) is an Australian drummer who serves as one of the members of the alternative rock band Rogue Traders. Originally, McGlinchey only played as a touring member, but by 2005, he joined as an official member. He was a member of Maeder and has previously toured with NoKTuRNL and former Young Talent Time singer Natalie Miller. McGlinchey left the Rogue Traders in 2008. Since he left the band, he has started going around for the Whitelion ROAR program.

He also drummed on Rogue Traders guitarist Tim Henwood's hard rock band Palace of the King's 2023 album Friends in Low Places, which was recorded in 2019.

Maeder (band)
Maeder is an Australian rock band formed by brothers Nic and Sebastian Maeder. They were signed to Warner Music but were released in 2005 prior to putting out their album which had been recorded with Steve James. They later released their debut album through Locomotive Records in 2007.

From late 2011, Nic Maeder is the new singer of Swiss rock group Gotthard.
Sailo Jharapada
Sailo Jharapada is a small village in Odisha, India, situated beside the river Devi (Kathajodi), a branch of the river Mahanadi. It is in the Kantapada block of Cuttack district. The village's name is Jharapada, while Sailo is the name of the pragana used as a prefix to distinguish it from other places with same name. Its PIN code is 754003. Besides the river Devi, Kakatapur Branch canal also flows on the eastern side of the village by the side of the river. The village is under Niali Assembly Constituency under Jagatsinghpur parliamentary constituency.

Niali Assembly constituency
Niali is a Vidhan Sabha constituency of Cuttack district, Odisha, India.

This constituency includes Niali block, Kantapada block and eight gram panchayats (Nagari, Usuma, Khalarda, Korkora, Sainso, Kurangpradhan, Kurangsasan and Harianta) of Barang block.

The constituency was formed in the 2008 Delimitation and went for polls in 2009 election.
Julie Mota
Julie Kumin Mota (born 1978) is a writer, poet and artist from Papua New Guinea. Her artwork is held in the permanent collections of the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco and the De Young Museum, also in San Francisco.

De Young Museum
The de Young Museum, formally the M. H. de Young Memorial Museum, is a fine arts museum located in San Francisco, California, United States, named for early San Francisco newspaperman M. H. de Young. Located on the West Side of the city in Golden Gate Park, it is a component of the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, along with the Legion of Honor. In 2024, the two combined museums were ranked 15th in The Washington Post's list of the best art museums in the U.S.

The museum received 999,645 visitors in 2023, ranking as the 22nd most-visited museum in the United States, and the 82nd most-visited art museum in the world.
Marziano
Marziano is a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:

Given name:

Marziano Capella (fl. c. 410–420), jurist, polymath and Latin prose writer

Marziano Magnani (1936–1983), Italian wrestler

Marziano Perosi (1875–1959), Italian composer, choirmaster and organist

Marziano da Tortona (died 117 or 120 AD), saint of the Roman Catholic church

Surname:

Elkana Marziano, Israeli singer of Moroccan-Jewish ancestry

Sa’adia Marziano (1950–2007), Israeli social activist and politician

Marziano Perosi
Marziano Perosi (October 20, 1875 in Tortona – February 21, 1959 in Rome) was an Italian composer, choirmaster, and organist. He was the brother of Don Lorenzo Perosi and of Cardinal Carlo Perosi.  He was an organist and choirmaster at the Santuario della Madonna del Rosario in Pompei, assistant to his brother Lorenzo at the Sistine Chapel, and organist and choirmaster of the Duomo of Milan. His most significant composition was the opera Pompei.
At the Edge of the World (short story collection)
At the Edge of the World is a collection of fantasy short stories by Irish writer Lord Dunsany, edited by Lin Carter. It was first published in paperback by Ballantine Books as the thirteenth volume of its Ballantine Adult Fantasy series in March 1970. It was the series' second Dunsany volume, and the first collection of his shorter fantasies assembled by Carter.

The book collects thirty short pieces by the author, with an introduction and afterword by Carter.

Ballantine Books
Ballantine Books is a major American book publisher that is a subsidiary of German media conglomerate Bertelsmann. Ballantine was founded in 1952 by Ian Ballantine with his wife, Betty Ballantine. Ballantine was acquired by Random House in 1973, which in turn was acquired by Bertelsmann in 1998 and remains part of that company.

Ballantine's original logo was a pair of mirrored letter Bs back to back, later changing to two Bs stacked to form an elaborate gate. The firm's early editors were Stanley Kauffmann and Bernard Shir-Cliff.