hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Somnath Bharadwaj
Somnath Bharadwaj (born 28 October 1964) is an Indian theoretical physicist who works on Theoretical Astrophysics and Cosmology.

Bharadwaj was born in India, studied at the Indian Institute of Technology in Kharagpur, and later received his PhD from the Indian Institute of Science. After having worked at the Harish-Chandra Research Institute, he is now a professor at IIT Kharagpur. He has made significant contributions to the dynamics of large-scale structure formation.

In 2003, he was selected to be one of the professors from IIT whose class room lectures would be broadcast in the Eklavya Technology Channel.

Bharadwaj was an invited speakers on Galaxy Formation at the prestigious Indo-US Frontier of Science symposium which was organized by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences in 2005.

He is currently in the editorial board of the Journal of Astrophysics & Astronomy published by the Indian Academy of Sciences.

Large-scale structure of the universe
The large-scale structure of the universe is the term in cosmology for the character of matter distribution at the scale of the entire observable universe.
Sky surveys and mappings of the various wavelength bands of electromagnetic radiation (in particular 21-cm emission) have yielded much information on the content and character of the universe's structure. The organization of structure appears to follow a hierarchical model with organization up to the scale of superclusters and filaments. Larger than this (at scales between 30 and 200 megaparsecs), there seems to be no continued structure, a phenomenon that has been referred to as the End of Greatness. The shape of the large scale structure can be summarized by the matter power spectrum.
René Bauwens
René Bauwens (11 March 1894 – 29 August 1959) was a Belgian freestyle swimmer and water polo player who competed in the 1920 and 1928 Summer Olympics.

In 1920, he won a silver medal with the Belgian water polo team. He was eliminated in the first round of the 4×200 metre freestyle relay event. Eight years later, his water polo team finished fifth. He played both matches and scored two goals.

Swimming at the 1920 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay
The men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay was a swimming event held as part of the swimming at the 1920 Summer Olympics programme. It was the third appearance of the event.

A total of 29 swimmers, representing seven teams from seven nations, competed in the event, which was held from Wednesday, August 25 to Sunday, August 29, 1920. Keith Kirkland was replaced by Frank Beaurepaire on the Australian squad between the semifinals and finals. The International Olympic Committee medal database does not show Keith Kirkland as silver medalist for Australia.
Angarskyi Pass
The Angarskyi Pass (Ukrainian: Ангарський перевал; Russian: Ангарский перевал; Crimean Tatar: Anğara boğazı) is a mountain pass of the Crimean Mountains on the Crimean peninsula. The pass is the highest point on the Simferopol–Alushta roadway, at 752 metres (2,467 ft) above sea level. It takes its name from the Angara River, a tributary of the Salhir.

During the Middle Ages, only a small footpath ran through the pass. The first postal route going through the Angarskyi Pass was laid by Russian pioneers in 1824–26. The road was expanded two times, once in 1935 and in 1959, when the Crimean Trolleybus line opened. The road that runs through the pass currently contains a Government Automobile Inspection of Ukraine, a control post and a trolleybus stop.

The Angarskyi Pass is a popular winter tourist resort in Crimea. Skiing is popular in the area during the winter time. In the vicinity of the Angarskyi Pass, the sport of orienteering is popular.

Simferopol
Simferopol (/ˌsɪmfəˈroʊpəl/ SIM-fər-OH-pəl), also known as Aqmescit, is the second-largest city on the Crimean Peninsula. The city, along with the rest of Crimea, is internationally recognized as part of Ukraine, but controlled by Russia. It is considered the capital of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.

Since 2014 it has been under the de facto control of Russia, which annexed Crimea that year and regards Simferopol as the capital of the Republic of Crimea.

Simferopol is an important political, economic and transport hub of the peninsula, and serves as the administrative centre of both Simferopol Municipality and the surrounding Simferopol District. Its population was 332,317 (2014 Census).

After the 1784 annexation of the Crimean Khanate by the Russian Empire, the Russian empress decreed the foundation of a city named Simferopol on the location of the Crimean Tatar town of Aqmescit ("White Mosque").
Sondors
Sondors, stylized SONDORS, was an electric bicycle maker based in California. It expanded its business to electric motorcycle manufacturing through a 2015 IndieGogo crowdfunding campaign netting over 5 million USD, one of the highest grossing crowdfunding campaigns at the time. The company faced controversy over its business practices and unreasonably low expected price for its planned electric motorcycle, listed in its crowdfunding campaign at $600. The motorcycle eventually sold for $5000, and over 1400 units were received by customers. The motorcycles experienced widespread failures in many of their components. The company faced accusations of mismanagement and fraudulent business practices, and entered receivership in 2023, leaving its manufacturers with thousands of unsold units.

Electric motorcycles and scooters
Electric motorcycles and scooters are plug-in electric vehicles with two or three wheels. Power is supplied by a rechargeable battery that drives one or more electric motors. Electric scooters are distinguished from motorcycles by having a step-through frame, instead of being straddled. Electric bicycles are similar vehicles, distinguished by retaining the ability to be propelled by the rider pedaling in addition to battery propulsion.

Electric scooters with the rider standing are known as escooters.
Ronnie Turner
Ronald H. Turner (born 1911, date of death unknown) was a Rhodesian international lawn bowler.

He won three bronze medals in the fours competition at consecutive Commonwealth Games. They came in the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Vancouver, 1958 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Cardiff and the 1962 British Empire and Commonwealth Games in Perth.

Bowls
Bowls, also known as lawn bowls or lawn bowling, is a sport in which players try to roll their ball (called a bowl) closest to a smaller ball (known as a "jack" or sometimes a "kitty"). The bowls are shaped (biased), so that they follow a curved path when being rolled. The game is played either in teams or one against one.

The game was first played in the 13th century. The game is played on grass, although other surfaces are sometimes used. Matches are held either until one player gets to a score, or when a number of ends are played.

The game is mostly played on a bowling green, which can vary by the type of bowls being played. Whilst the game is often played outdoors, there are indoor bowling venues, and can also be played on rollable carpets. For outdoor games, this is usually on grass; however, it can also be played on cotula in New Zealand.
Daniel Loper
Daniel Robert Loper (born January 15, 1982) is an American former professional football player who was a guard in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Texas Tech Red Raiders and was selected by the Tennessee Titans in the fifth round of the 2005 NFL draft.

Texas Tech Red Raiders football
The Texas Tech Red Raiders football program is a college football team that represents Texas Tech University (variously "TTU"). The Red Raiders competes as a member of the Big 12 Conference, which is a Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (formerly Division I-A) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The program began in 1925 and has an overall winning record, including a total of 12 conference titles and one conference division title. On November 8, 2021, Joey McGuire was hired as the team's 17th head football coach, replacing Matt Wells, who was fired in the middle of the 2021 season. Home games are played at Jones AT&T Stadium in Lubbock, Texas.
Windsong's Legacy
Windsong's Legacy was a Standardbred trotting horse who won the Triple Crown of Harness Racing for Trotters in 2004, capturing the Hambletonian, Yonkers Trot and Kentucky Futurity titles.  The horse was trained and driven by Trond Smedshammer.  He became the first trotter since Super Bowl in 1972 to win the Triple Crown. He died early in 2008 from heart failure at the age of seven, after siring three foal crops.

Standardbred
The Standardbred is an American horse breed best known for its ability in harness racing where they compete at either a trot or pace. Developed in North America, the Standardbred is recognized worldwide, and the breed can trace its bloodlines to 18th-century England. They are solid, well-built horses with good dispositions.
Bajrayogini
Bajrayogini is a village and former Village Development Committee that is now part of Shankharapur Municipality in Kathmandu District in Province No. 3 of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,798 and had 632 houses in it. As per 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 4,333 and had 328 houses in it.

2011 Nepal census
Nepal conducted a widespread national census in 2011 by the Nepal Central Bureau of Statistics. Working in cooperation with the 58 municipalities and the 3,915 Village Development Committees at a district level, they recorded data from all the municipalities and villages of each district. The data included statistics on population size, households, sex and age distribution, place of birth, residence characteristics, literacy, marital status, religion, language spoken, caste/ethnic group, economically active population, education, number of children, employment status, and occupation.
Titusville, New Brunswick
Titusville is a rural Canadian community in Kings County, New Brunswick. It was settled in 1819 by John, James, Charles and Jonathan Titus.

The village centre is located at the intersection of New Brunswick Route 860 and Titusville Road. Titusville Road connects with New Brunswick Route 820. Titusville has one elementary school, the Hammond River Valley School.

Kings County, New Brunswick
Kings County  is located in southern New Brunswick, Canada. Its historical shire town is Hampton and it was named as an expression of loyalty to the British Crown. Both the Saint John and Kennebecasis rivers pass through the county.

Approximately half of the Kings County population of 71,184 (as of 2021) lives in suburbs of the nearby city of Saint John.
New Delhi Municipal Council
New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC; ISO: Naī Dillī Nagarapālikā Pariṣad) is the municipal council of the city of New Delhi, Delhi, India. It covers an  area of 42.7 km2 under its administration, which is commonly referred as Lutyens' Delhi.

The only owner is the Government of India and about 80% of buildings in New Delhi are owned by the New Delhi Municipal Council area. It is governed by a council headed by a chairperson, who is usually a career civil servant and holds the rank of Joint Secretary to Government of India appointed by the Government of India. The council also includes the Chief Minister of Delhi as an Ex officio member.

It is one of three local bodies in the National Capital Territory of Delhi, the others being Municipal Corporation of Delhi and Delhi Cantonment Board.

Chief Minister of Delhi
The chief minister of the National Capital Territory of Delhi is the head of government of the National Capital Territory of Delhi. According to the Constitution of India, the lieutenant governor is the National Capital Territory of Delhi's de jure head, but de facto executive authority rests with its chief minister. Following elections to the Delhi Legislative Assembly, the lieutenant governor usually invites the party with a majority of seats to form the government. The president of India, on the advice of the lieutenant governor, appoints the chief minister, whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly. Given that the person has the confidence of the assembly, the chief minister's term is for five years and is subject to no term limits. Rekha Gupta is the incumbent chief minister since February 2025.
Kallarawa
Kallarawa is a coastal village 35 miles (56 km) off Trincomalee in Eastern Sri Lanka.  It happens to be on one of the strongest Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE, also known as the Tamil Tigers) supply routes between the Eastern Province and north eastern areas, including Mullaitivu.  Kallarawa was the site of the Kallarawa massacre on May 25, 1995, during the Eelam War III, and of the Battle of Kallarawa on March, 25 2008.

Mullaitivu
9°17′N 80°48′E﻿ / ﻿9.283°N 80.800°E﻿ / 9.283; 80.800

Mullaitivu (Tamil: முல்லைத்தீவு, romanized: Mullaittīvu; Sinhala: මුලතිව්, romanized: Mulativ) is the main town of Mullaitivu District, situated on the north-eastern coast of Northern Province, Sri Lanka. A largely fishing settlement, the town in the early twentieth century grew as an anchoring harbour of the small sailing vessels transporting goods between Colombo and Jaffna. The town has a District Secretary's office, many other government institutions and schools located in and around the area.
1993 Family Circle Cup – Doubles
Arantxa Sánchez Vicario and Natasha Zvereva were the defending champions, but competed this year with different partners.

Sánchez Vicario teamed up with Larisa Neiland and lost in the semifinals to Katrina Adams and Manon Bollegraf.

Zvereva teamed up with Gigi Fernández and successfully defended her title, by defeating Adams and Bollegraf 6–3, 6–1 in the final.

Arantxa Sánchez Vicario
Aránzazu Isabel María "Arantxa" Sánchez Vicario (Spanish pronunciation: [aˈɾanθaθw isaˈβel maˈɾi.a aˈɾantʃa ˈsantʃeθ βiˈkaɾjo]; born 18 December 1971) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. She was ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for 12 weeks, as well as the world No. 1 in women's doubles for 111 weeks. A defensive baseliner, Sánchez Vicario won 29 WTA Tour-level singles titles and 69 doubles titles, including 14 major titles: four in singles, six in women's doubles, and four in mixed doubles. She also won four Olympic medals and five Fed Cup titles representing Spain. In 1994, Sánchez Vicario was crowned the ITF World Champion of the year.
Time-bin encoding
Time-bin encoding is a technique used in quantum information science to encode a qubit of information on a photon.  Quantum information science makes use of qubits as a basic resource similar to bits in classical computing. Qubits are any two-level quantum mechanical system; there are many different physical implementations of qubits, one of which is time-bin encoding.

While the time-bin encoding technique is very robust against decoherence, it does not allow easy interaction between the different qubits. As such, it is much more useful in quantum communication (such as quantum teleportation and quantum key distribution) than in quantum computation.

Qubit
In quantum computing, a qubit (/ˈkjuːbɪt/) or quantum bit is a basic unit of quantum information; a binary qudit – the quantum version of the classic binary bit physically realized with a two-state device. A qubit is a two-state (or two-level) quantum-mechanical system, one of the simplest quantum systems displaying the peculiarity of quantum mechanics. Examples include the spin of the electron in which the two levels can be taken as spin up and spin down; or the polarization of a single photon in which the two spin states (left-handed and the right-handed circular polarization) can also be measured as horizontal and vertical linear polarization. In a classical system, a bit would have to be in one state or the other. However, quantum mechanics allows the qubit to be in a coherent superposition of multiple states simultaneously, a property that is fundamental to quantum mechanics and quantum computing.
New Denmark
New Denmark can refer to:

New Denmark, New Brunswick, Canada

New Denmark, Wisconsin, United States

a literal translation of Latin Nova Dania, a failed Danish colonization attempt by Jens Munk  near the mouth of the Churchill River in Canada

Name for the danish Andaman and Nicobar Islands, later changed to Frederic’s islands

Proposed Danish acquisition of California, a satirical renaming proposal of Denmark wanting to buy California 2025

Jens Munk
Jens Eriksen Munk (3 June 1579 – 24 June 1628) was a Danish-Norwegian navigator and explorer. He entered into the service of King Christian IV of Denmark-Norway and is most noted for his attempts to find the Northwest Passage.
Remember Me (Daley song)
"Remember Me" is the first single by English singer Daley taken from his second EP, Alone Together. It was released on 9 December 2012 through Levels/Polydor/Universal Republic Records. The song features guest vocals from English singer-songwriter Jessie J. Produced by White N3rd and Balistiq, it samples "I Should've Known Better" by Mica Paris and Omar, as well as Blue Boy's song of the same name.

Blue Boy (DJ)
Blue Boy (also styled The Blue Boy) is a pseudonym for the Scottish DJ Alexis 'Lex' Blackmore. He is best known for "Remember Me", which peaked at No. 8 in the UK in 1997. Blackmore first worked as a DJ in Glasgow and London, touring with the British electronic group the Shamen in 1991. After working in various guises, Blackmore established the Blue Boy name in 1995 with the single "Sandman" on Ascension Records, followed by the four-track EP, Scattered Emotions.

A re-release of "Sandman" in August 1997 reached No. 25 on the UK Singles Chart.
Andy Willock
Andy Willock (born 13 January 1964) is an English former football midfielder.

Willock began his career with Coventry City, but did not make a first team appearance, and joined Rangers. He did not play for the Glasgow club either, and played in New Zealand in 1983 for University-Mount Wellington. He returned to Scotland and joined Clyde, where he had the best spell of his career, making over 200 appearances. He left Clyde in 1989 and had two year spells at Ayr United, Dumbarton and Alloa Athletic, before playing his final season with Albion Rovers.

Dumbarton F.C.
Dumbarton Football Club is a semi-professional football club in Dumbarton, Scotland. Founded on 23 December 1872, they are one of the oldest football clubs in Scotland.

The club plays home games at the Dumbarton Football Stadium next to Dumbarton Castle. They currently play in Scottish League Two.
Aachener Straße/Gürtel station
Aachener Straße/Gürtel is an interchange station on the Cologne Stadtbahn lines 1, 7, and 13 in the district of Lindenthal in Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

The station is located at the junction of Aachener Straße and the Cologne Belt (Gürtel). The station has four separate side platforms, each on one of the four median strips facing the junction.

Median strip
A median strip, central reservation, roadway median, or traffic median is the reserved area that separates opposing lanes of traffic on divided roadways such as divided highways, dual carriageways, freeways, and motorways. The term also applies to divided roadways other than highways, including some major streets in urban or suburban areas. The reserved area may simply be paved, but commonly it is adapted to other functions; for example, it may accommodate decorative landscaping, trees, a median barrier, or railway, rapid transit, light rail, or streetcar lines.
Racing Hearts
Racing Hearts is a 1923 American silent comedy drama film directed by Paul Powell and written by Byron Morgan and Will M. Ritchey. The film stars Agnes Ayres, Richard Dix, Theodore Roberts, Robert Cain, Warren Rogers, J. Farrell MacDonald, and Ed Brady. The film was released on July 15, 1923, by Paramount Pictures.

Paul Powell (director)
Paul Mahlon Powell (September 6, 1881 – July 2, 1944) was an American journalist,  director, producer, screenwriter, and actor. Powell was most active during the silent film era and is best known for directing Mary Pickford in Pollyanna (1920).
Elliott R. Corbett House
The Elliott R. Corbett House is a historic home built in the Colonial Revival style in 1915, and located in the Dunthorpe neighborhood south of Portland, Oregon, United States. This house, along with its nearly-identical sister project (built a year later for Elliott Corbett's brother Henry), are the finest examples of the residential work of Whitehouse and Fouilhoux, one of Portland's leading architecture firms in the second decade of the 20th century. It also represents the early stages of the development of Dunthorpe as a country-style suburb for Portland's elite. Elliott R. Corbett was a scion of the prominent Corbett family, which made its fortune in banking and inland shipping.

The house is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Henry W. Corbett
Henry Winslow Corbett (February 18, 1827 – March 31, 1903) was an American businessman, politician, civic benefactor, and philanthropist in the state of Oregon. A native of Massachusetts, he spent his early life in the East and New York before moving to the Oregon Territory. He was a prominent figure in the early development of Portland, Oregon, and was involved in numerous business ventures there, starting in general merchandise. His interests later included banking, finance, insurance, river shipping, stage lines, railways, telegraph, iron and steel and the erection of Portland downtown buildings among other enterprises. A Republican, he served as a United States senator from 1867 to 1873.
Jegunovce
Jegunovce (Macedonian: Јегуновцеⓘ) is one of the larger villages in the Polog Valley, North Macedonia. It is located about 10 mi (15 km) northeast of the Macedonian city of Tetovo. It is the seat of the Jegunovce Municipality.

Polog
Polog (Macedonian: Полог, romanized: Polog; Albanian: Pollog), also known as the Polog Valley (Macedonian: Полошка Котлина, romanized: Pološka Kotlina; Albanian: Lugina e Pollogut) is located in the north-western part of North Macedonia, near the border with Kosovo.

It is divided into Upper Polog (Macedonian: Горен Полог; Albanian: Pollogu i Epërm) and Lower Polog (Macedonian: Долен Полог; Albanian: Pollogu i Poshtëm). Tetovo and Gostivar are the largest populated towns in this valley and Albanians form an ethnic majority in the region.

Polog Statistical Region is named after the valley.
Beryllium copper
Beryllium copper (BeCu), also known as copper beryllium (CuBe), beryllium bronze, and spring copper, is a copper alloy with 0.5–3% beryllium. Copper beryllium alloys are often used because of their high strength and good conductivity of both heat and electricity. It is used for its ductility, weldability in metalworking, and machining properties. It has many specialized applications in tools for hazardous environments, musical instruments, precision measurement devices, bullets, and some uses in the field of aerospace. Because beryllium is a hazardous substance, manufacturing processes involving copper beryllium can create a risk of hazardous exposure.

Weldability
The weldability, also known as joinability, of a material refers to its ability to be welded.  Many metals and thermoplastics can be welded, but some are easier to weld than others (see Rheological weldability). A material's weldability is used to determine the welding process and to compare the final weld quality to other materials.

Weldability is often hard to define quantitatively, so most standards define it qualitatively. For instance the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) defines weldability in ISO standard 581-1980 as: "Metallic material is considered to be susceptible to welding to an established extent with given processes and for given purposes when welding provides metal integrity by a corresponding technological process for welded parts to meet technical requirements as to their own qualities as well as to their influence on a structure they form." Other welding organizations define it similarly.