hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Law enforcement in Kazakhstan
Law enforcement in Kazakhstan is handled by the Kazakhstan police (Kazakh: Қазақстан полициясы, romanized: Qazaqstan polisiasy, [qɑzɑqsˈtʰɑn pɐˈlʲit͡sɨjəsɯ]) and law courts, largely unchanged from the era of Soviet control, and is shared between the country's National Security Committee, Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Office of the Procurator General.

Kazakh alphabets
The Kazakh language was written mainly in four scripts at various points of time – Old Turkic, Cyrillic, Latin, and Arabic – each having a distinct alphabet. The Arabic script is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and China, while the Cyrillic script is used in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, and Mongolia. In October 2017, a presidential decree in Kazakhstan ordered a transition from the Cyrillic to Latin script to be implemented by 2025. In January 2021, the target year for finishing the transition was pushed back to 2031.
Hervé Brouhon
Hervé Brouhon (18 June 1924 – 10 April 1993) was a Belgian politician for the Belgian Socialist Party.

Brouhon was born in Etterbeek. He became a teacher, he was first elected as a municipal councillor in Brussels in 1950 and became its first socialist mayor from 1983 to 1993. He had also been member of the Belgian Chamber of Representatives from 1958 to 1985, and briefly Minister for Social Welfare in 1965–1966. Brouhon died in Anderlecht in 1993.

Etterbeek
Etterbeek (French: [etœʁbek, -bɛk] ⓘ; Dutch: [ˈɛtərˌbeːk] ⓘ) is one of the 19 municipalities of the Brussels-Capital Region, Belgium. Located in the eastern part of the region, it is bordered by the municipalities of Auderghem, the City of Brussels, Ixelles, Schaerbeek, Woluwe-Saint-Lambert and Woluwe-Saint-Pierre. In common with all of Brussels' municipalities, it is legally bilingual (French–Dutch).
Minnamurra (film)
Minnamurra is a 1989 Australian film about a feisty woman who lives on a country property. It is also known as Outback and Wrangler.

The plot appears to have been inspired by The Squatter's Daughter. David Stratton called it "almost The Man from Snowy River III in terms of plot and character".

Tushka Bergen
Tushka Bergen (born 1969, in London, England) is an Australian actress who has worked in Australia, England, Germany and the United States. In 1988, she was nominated for the AACTA Award for Best Performance by an Actress in a Mini Series for her role in Always Afternoon.

Her mother is New Zealander Beverley Bergen, a soprano opera singer and scriptwriter. Her father is Anthony Hose, a conductor and pianist. She is married to CNN International presenter John Vause, with whom she has one daughter, Katie Vause, born in 2004.
Barbed Wire (1927 film)
Barbed Wire is a 1927 American silent romance film set in World War I. It stars Pola Negri as a French farmgirl and Clive Brook as the German prisoner of war she falls in love with. The film was based on the 1923 novel The Woman of Knockaloe by Hall Caine. Unlike the original novel, which is set at the Knockaloe internment camp in the Isle of Man, the film takes place in Normandy, France. Some plot alterations were made in the adaptation, including most importantly the insertion of a happy ending.

Knockaloe Internment Camp
Knockaloe Internment Camp was a WWI internment camp on the Isle of Man, at Knockaloe Farm in the parish of Patrick, near Peel, which housed 23,000 prisoners-of-war and 3,000 guards between 1914 and 1919. It was served by the Knockaloe railway station and branch line.

Knockaloe Farm in Patrick, Isle of Man had been used for military training, and in November 1914 was opened as a purpose-built internment camp.
Sanganer Assembly constituency
Sanganer Assembly constituency is one of the 200 constituencies in the Rajasthan Legislative Assembly and falls within the Jaipur Lok Sabha constituency. It encompasses parts of the Mansarovar and Sanganer neighborhoods in Jaipur city, covering all voters from Ward numbers 24 to 32 of the Jaipur Municipal Corporation. Chief minister of state represents this constituency.

Jaipur Municipal Corporation
Jaipur Municipal Corporation (JMC) is municipal corporation of Jaipur city in Rajasthan state in India. Jaipur Municipal Corporation is responsible for maintaining the city's civic infrastructure and carrying out associated administrative duties. The Municipal Corporation is headed by a mayor. There are 250 wards and each ward is represented by an elected member. Jaipur Development Authority (JDA) is the nodal government agency responsible for the planning and development of Jaipur. Jaipur consists of two parliamentary constituencies Jaipur and Jaipur Rural. Shri Mohan Lal Gupta was the first mayor of Jaipur Nagar Nigam in the year 1994.

In 2025, the state government made a decision to merge  Jaipur Municipal Corporation Greater and Heritage and to restructure the municipal zones.
Mhow–Indore Passenger
Mhow Indore Passenger was a passenger train of Indian Railways, which ran between Indore Junction railway station (MG) to Mhow railway station in the Central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. In 2015, the train was cancelled due to closure of Indore - Mhow line for Gauge Conversion.

Central India
Central India refers to a geographical region of India that generally includes the states of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh.

The Central Zonal Council, established by the Government of India, includes these states as well as Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand to the north. The inclusion of Uttarakhand extends the region to the Himalayan border with Tibet/China.
Saskia Bullen
Saskia Mary Bullen (born 20 July 1983) is a New Zealand former cricketer who played as a slow left-arm orthodox bowler. She appeared in three Twenty20 Internationals for New Zealand between 2009 and 2010. She played domestic cricket for Auckland.

New Zealand women's national cricket team
The New Zealand women's national cricket team, nicknamed the White Ferns, represents New Zealand in international women's cricket. One of eight teams competing in the ICC Women's Championship (the highest level of international women's cricket), the team is organised by New Zealand Cricket, a full member of the International Cricket Council (ICC).

New Zealand made its Test debut in 1935, against England, becoming the third team to play at that level. With Australia and England, New Zealand is one of only three teams to have participated in all ten editions of the Women's Cricket World Cup. The team has made the final of the tournament on four occasions, winning in 2000 and placing second in in 1993, 1997, and 2009. At the Women's T20 World Cup, New Zealand were champions in 2024 and runners up in 2009 and 2010.
Křešín (Pelhřimov District)
Křešín is a municipality and village in Pelhřimov District in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 200 inhabitants.

Křešín lies approximately 22 kilometres (14 mi) north-west of Pelhřimov, 45 km (28 mi) north-west of Jihlava, and 72 km (45 mi) south-east of Prague.

Pelhřimov
Pelhřimov (German: Pilgrams) is a town in the Vysočina Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 16,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
Pimenta (surname)
Pimenta is a Portuguese surname. People with the surname include:

Adhemar Pimenta (1896-1970), Brazilian football manager

Adriano Pimenta (born 1982), Brazilian footballer

Edmilson Gonçalves Pimenta (born 1971), Brazilian footballer

Emanuel Eduardo Pimenta Vieira Silva (born 1985), Portuguese sprinter

Emanuel Dimas de Melo Pimenta (born 1957), artist

Euclides Rodriguez Pimenta da Cunha (1866-1909), Brazilian journalist, sociologist and engineer

Fernando Pimenta (born 1989), Portuguese sprint kayaker

João Pimenta (born 1985), Portuguese football player

José Pimenta (born 1899), footballer

Joaquim Pimenta de Castro (1846-1918), Portuguese military officer and politician

Leonardo André Pimenta Faria (born 1982), Brazilian footballer

Rui Costa Pimenta (born 1957), Brazilian Communist politician

Simon Pimenta (1920-2013), Roman Catholic Cardinal and Archbishop

Rui Costa Pimenta
Rui Costa Pimenta (born in São Paulo, 25 June 1957) is a Brazilian politician and a perennial presidential candidate aligned with the Trotskyist Workers' Cause Party (Portuguese: Partido da Causa Operária).

He was their candidate in the 2002, 2006, 2010 and 2014 presidential elections and placed last in all of the elections he ran.
Reiser4
Reiser4 is a computer file system, successor to the ReiserFS file system, developed from scratch by Namesys and sponsored by DARPA as well as Linspire. Reiser4 was named after its former lead developer Hans Reiser. As of 2021, the Reiser4 patch set is still being maintained, but according to Phoronix, it is unlikely to be merged into mainline Linux without corporate backing.

Linspire
Linspire (formerly Lindows) is a commercial operating system based on Debian and Ubuntu and currently owned by PC/OpenSystems LLC. It had been owned by Linspire. Inc. from 2001 to 2008, and then by Xandros from 2008 to 2017.

On July 1, 2008, Linspire stockholders elected to change the company's name to Digital Cornerstone, and all assets were acquired by Xandros.

On August 8, 2008, Andreas Typaldos, CEO of Xandros, announced that Linspire would be discontinued in favor of Xandros; Freespire would change its base code from Ubuntu to Debian; and the Linspire brand would cease to exist.

On January 1, 2018, it was announced that PC/OpenSystems LLC had purchased Linspire and Freespire from Xandros, and that Linspire 7 was available for $79.99, while Freespire 3 was available for free.
Cnemides
Cnemides or Knemides (Ancient Greek: Κνημῖδες), also Cnemis or Knemis (Κνῆμις), is the name of a fortress, and probably of a town, in ancient Phocis. Strabo places Cnemides on Cape Cnemides opposite the islands called Lichades and the Euboean promontory Cenaeum, distant 20 stadia from Thronium and from Daphnus. The Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax, successively describing towns along the Phocian coast, places Cnemides after Thronium  and before Elateia and Panopeus.

The site of Cnemides is near the modern Gouvali.

Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax
The Periplus of Pseudo-Scylax is an ancient Greek periplus (περίπλους períplous, 'circumnavigation') describing the sea route around the Mediterranean and Black Sea. It probably dates from the mid-4th century BC, specifically the 330s, and was probably written at or near Athens. Its author is often included among the ranks of 'minor' Greek geographers. There is only one manuscript available, which postdates the original work by over 1500 years.

The author's name is written Pseudo-Scylax or Pseudo-Skylax, often abbreviated as Ps.-Scylax or Ps.-Skylax.
Rhinotocinclus britskii
Rhinotocinclus britskii is a species originally described in the genus Parotocinclus. The species was originally described by Marinus Boeseman in 1974.

Images of a paratype kept at Naturalis Biodiversity Center

Media related to Parotocinclus britskii at Wikimedia Commons

Paratype
In zoology and botany, a paratype is a specimen of an organism that helps define what the scientific name of a species and other taxon actually represents, but it is not the holotype (and in botany is also neither an isotype nor a syntype). Often there is more than one paratype. Paratypes are usually held in museum research collections.

The exact meaning of the term paratype when it is used in zoology is not the same as the meaning when it is used in botany. In both cases however, this term is used in conjunction with holotype.
Tenneti Hemalata
Tenneti Hemalata, (15 November 1935 – 1997), better known as Lata, is a Telugu writer from Andhra Pradesh, India. She was a prolific and influential writer who wrote about various situations through the perspective of an educated Niyogi Brahmin woman. Some of her novels, like 'galipadagaloo nitibudagalu ' raised controversies. She was said to be a liberal but her writings had a solid base of tradition too.

Andhra University
Andhra University is a public university located in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. It was established in 1926 by the Andhra University Act, 1925 (Madras Act II of 1926). It is graded as an A++ institution by National Assessment and Accreditation Council, receiving a score of 3.74 on a scale of 4.
Leopold Salomons
Leopold Salomons (14 May 1841 – 23 September 1915) was a city financier and company director active in the City of London in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.  Salomons was born into a British Jewish family, but it has been suggested that he later converted to Christianity. Today he is primarily remembered for his purchase of Box Hill in 1914 to protect it from development.

Investor
An investor is a person or entity that allocates financial capital with the expectation of a future return (profit) or to gain an advantage (interest). Through this allocated capital the investor usually purchases some species of property. Types of investments include equity, debt, securities, real estate, infrastructure, currency, commodity, token, derivatives such as put and call options, futures, forwards, etc. This definition makes no distinction between the investors in the primary and secondary markets.  That is, someone who provides a business with capital and someone who buys a stock are both investors.  An investor who owns stock is a shareholder.
Lark Rise to Candleford (TV series)
Lark Rise to Candleford is a British television period drama series, adapted by the BBC from Flora Thompson's trilogy of semi-autobiographical novels about the English countryside, published between 1939 and 1943. The first episode aired on 13 January 2008 on BBC One and BBC HD in the UK. In the U.S., the series began on select PBS stations in the spring of 2009. A third series began in the UK on 10 January 2010. The fourth and final series began on 9 January 2011 on BBC One and BBC One HD, and concluded on 13 February 2011.

Lark Rise to Candleford
Lark Rise to Candleford  is a trilogy of semi-autobiographical novels by Flora Thompson about the countryside of north-east Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire, England, at the end of the 19th century.  The stories were previously published separately as Lark Rise  in 1939, Over to Candleford in 1941 and Candleford Green in 1943. They were first published together in 1945.

The stories relate to three communities: the hamlet of Juniper Hill (Lark Rise), where Flora grew up; Buckingham (Candleford), one of the nearest towns (which include both Brackley and Bicester) and the nearby village of Fringford (Candleford Green), where Flora got her first job in the Post Office.
2022 Bandiagara highway bombing
On October 13, 2022, an IED hit a civilian bus travelling along the Bandiagara-Goundaka highway in rural Mali, killing 10 civilians and injuring dozens more. The attack was alleged to be coordinated by Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin (JNIM).

Bandiagara
Bandiagara (French pronunciation: [bɑ̃djaɡaʁa]) is a small town and urban commune in the Mopti Region of Mali.  The name translates roughly to "large eating bowl"—referring to the communal bowl meals are served in. Mainly on its Bandiagara Escarpment it has about 2,000 speakers of the vibrant Bangime language, an isolate used mainly as an anti-language; it has the highest point of the country.

Bandiagara is 65 km east-southeast of Mopti. A seasonal river, the Yamé, flows in a northeasterly direction through the town. The population includes a number of different ethnic groups including Dogons, Fulani and Bambaras.
Loch Spey
Loch Spey is a small freshwater loch located in the Central Highlands of Scotland. This loch is significant because it forms the headwaters of the powerful River Spey. It is small, only 300 m (980 ft) long by 200 m (660 ft) wide and is shallow with many weed beds.  It is located  28.9 km (18.0 mi) west of Newtonmore and 5 km (3.1 mi) from Melgarve.  Loch Spey is approximately 20 km (12 mi) up from the Spey Dam and 186 km (116 mi) from the North Sea.

The loch has native fish, including trout and minnows.

Newtonmore
Newtonmore (Scottish Gaelic: Baile Ùr an t-Slèibh [ˈpˠalʲ uːɾˠ ən̪ˠ ˈt̪ʰlʲeːv]) is a village of approximately 1100 inhabitants in Badenoch, within the Highland council area of Scotland. The village is only a few miles from a location that is claimed to be the exact geographical centre of Scotland.

Newtonmore is located within the Cairngorms National Park, approximately 3 miles (5 km) south-west of Kingussie and 15 miles (24 km) south-west of Aviemore. It is on the northeastern bank of the River Spey, between the River Calder and the Allt Lairaidh, at an altitude of approximately 250 metres (820 ft).
White Roses, My God
White Roses, My God is the second solo album by former Low guitarist/vocalist Alan Sparhawk, released on September 27, 2024, by Sub Pop. It is Sparhawk's first album since the death of his wife and bandmate, Mimi Parker, and the subsequent end of their band. Sparhawk began recording for the album in late 2023. It was preceded by three singles. The album charted at #20 in the UK Independent Albums Chart.

Heba Kadry
Heba Kadry is an Egyptian mastering engineer who currently resides in Brooklyn, New York. She is best known for her work with Björk, Beach House, Slowdive, The Mars Volta, Neon Indian, Wooden Shjips, Lightning Bolt, White Hills, Alex G, Future Islands, Liturgy, !!!, White Lung, ...And You Will Know Us by the Trail of Dead, boygenius, Nation of Language and The Hotelier. Kadry worked as a staff engineer at SugarHill Recording Studios from 2005 to 2006.
Badaying Mongol Ethnic Township
Badaying Mongol Ethnic Township (Chinese: 八达营蒙古族乡; pinyin: Bādáyíng Měnggǔzú Xiāng) is a rural township located in Longhua County, Chengde, Hebei, China. According to the 2010 census, Badaying Mongol Ethnic Township had a population of 10,057, including 5,173 males and 4,884 females. The population was distributed as follows: 2,063 people aged under 14, 6,830 people aged between 15 and 64, and 1,164 people aged over 65.

Chengde
Chengde, formerly known as Jehol and Rehe, is a prefecture-level city in Hebei province, situated about 225 kilometres (140 mi) northeast of Beijing. It is best known as the site of the Mountain Resort, a vast imperial garden and palace formerly used by the Qing emperors as summer residence. Its local dialect is also known for being the closest to Standard Chinese, which took several inspirations from the Chengde dialect. The permanent resident population is approximately 3,473,200 in 2017. At the end of 2024, the total resident population of the city was 3,285,700, a decrease of 16,500 from the end of the previous year. The urbanization rate of the resident population is 59.77%.
Jeremy Nelson
Jeremy Nelson is an American visual effects artist. He won a Visual Effects Society award in 2011 for best compositing for his work on the HBO mini-series, The Pacific.

Nelson was born in Thatcher, Arizona and attended Thatcher High School and Eastern Arizona College. He has also worked on the motion pictures The Guardian, Clash of the Titans, The Day the Earth Stood Still and Spy and on the television shows Grimm and Bosch as well as several others.

Compositing
Compositing is the process or technique of combining visual elements from separate sources into single images, often to create the illusion that all those elements are parts of the same scene. Live-action shooting for compositing is variously called "chroma key", "blue screen", "green screen" and other names. Today, most compositing is achieved through digital image manipulation. Pre-digital compositing techniques, however, go back as far as the trick films of Georges Méliès in the late 19th century, and some are still in use.
Capelo
Capelo (pronounced [kɐ.ˈpe.ɫu]) is a freguesia ("civil parish") in the municipality of Horta on the island of Faial in the Azorean archipelago. The population in 2011 was 486, in an area of 26.64 km2. Capelo may be considered the westernmost settlement of Eurasia, if Fajã Grande, on Flores Island, is considered part of North America, for it sits on the North American Plate.

Flores Island (Azores)
Flores Island (Portuguese: Ilha das Flores; Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈfloɾɨʃ]) is an island of the Western Group (Grupo Ocidental) of the Azores.

It has an area of 143 km2, a population of 3,428 inhabitants, and, together with Corvo Island of the western archipelago, lies within the North American Plate. The nearby Monchique Islet is the westernmost point of Portugal.

It has been referred to as the pink island due to the abundance of pink hydrangeas on the island and association with poet Raul Brandão. It is well known for its abundance of flowers, hence its Portuguese name of Flores.
H. M. Peebles
Howard Maxwell Peebles (7 March 1872 – 15 November 1944) was an English entomologist who specialised in butterflies.

The Peebles family owned the A. M. Peebles & Sons Rishton paper mill. He was educated at Harrow School and was in the 1890 Harrow School Cricket XI. Peebles wrote Peebles, H.M. and Schmassmann, W. Description of the female of Troides allotei Rothschild. Novitates Zoologicae 24:26-27 (1917) and Bryk, F. & Peebles, H.M. 1932.  New Papilionidae (Lep.) Miteilungen der Deutschen Entomologischen Gesellschaft 3: 10.(1932). He purchased parts of the James John Joicey collection in the 1930s. The Parnassius are now in the Ulster Museum (purchased from Harrow school which holds the rest of his collection).

Peebles was a Fellow of the Royal Entomological Society of London.

Felix Bryk named the butterfly Parnassius acdestis peeblesi (Bryk, 1932) for him.

Rishton
Rishton /ˈrɪʃtən/ is a town in the Hyndburn district of Lancashire, England, about 2 miles (3 km) west of Clayton-le-Moors and 4 miles (6 km) north east of Blackburn. It was an urban district from about 1894 to 1974. The population at the census of 2011 was 6,625.
2001 Milan municipal election
Municipal elections were held in Milan on 13 May 2001 to elect the Mayor of Milan and the 60 members of the City Council.

The incumbent Mayor Gabriele Albertini easily won a second term in office, defeating the centre-left candidate and former trade unionist Sandro Carlo Antoniazzi.

The municipal elections occurred on the same day of the national general election which was heavily won by Silvio Berlusconi's House of Freedoms, a circumstance that largely influenced also the local vote. In this election, the Mayor was elected for the first time for a five years term, in accordance to a new local administration Law approved in 2000.

City Council of Milan
The City Council of Milan (Italian: Consiglio Comunale di Milano) is the top tier legislative body of the municipality of Milan, Lombardy, Italy. It consists of the directly elected mayor of Milan and of an elected 48-member assembly, which controls the mayor's governing actions and has the authority to enforce his resignation by a motion of no confidence.

The City Council is elected for five-year terms. Its seats are assigned proportionally to each party and list, with a majority bonus being awarded to the winning coalition to guarantee governability. The last election was held on 3 and 4 October 2021.

The City Council meets at Palazzo Marino, located in Piazza della Scala, Municipality 1.
St Dogmaels
St Dogmaels (Welsh: Llandudoch) is a village, parish and community in Pembrokeshire, Wales, on the estuary of the River Teifi, a mile downstream from the town of Cardigan in neighbouring Ceredigion.  A little to the north of the village, further along the estuary, lies Poppit Sands beach. The parish includes the small settlement of Cippyn, south of Cemaes Head.

Calor Village of the Year
The Calor Village of the Year comprised 4 annual competitions organised by gas provider Calor to identify the villages that best met the following criteria: "a well-balanced, pro-active, caring community which has made the best of local opportunities to maintain and enhance the quality of life for all residents".

Four separate competitions were run:

Calor Scottish Community of the Year

Calor Village of the Year for England

Calor Village of the Year for Wales

Calor Village of the Year Northern Ireland

The competitions began in 1997 and ran yearly until 2009. Some 1,650 villages entered the competitions each year.