hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Messier 100
Messier 100 (also known as NGC 4321 or the Mirror Galaxy) is a grand design intermediate spiral galaxy in the southern part of the mildly northern Coma Berenices. It is one of the brightest and largest galaxies in the Virgo Cluster and is approximately 55 million light-years from our galaxy, about 166,000 light-years in diameter. It was discovered by Pierre Méchain in 1781 and 29 days later seen again and entered by Charles Messier in his catalogue "of nebulae and star clusters". It was one of the first spiral galaxies to be discovered, and was listed as one of fourteen spiral nebulae by Lord William Parsons of Rosse in 1850. NGC 4323 and NGC 4328 are satellite galaxies of M100; the former is connected with it by a bridge of luminous matter.

William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse
William Parsons, 3rd Earl of Rosse KP FRS (17 June 1800 – 31 October 1867), was an English engineer and astronomer. He built several giant telescopes.
His 72-inch telescope, built in 1845 and colloquially known as the "Leviathan of Parsonstown", was the world's largest telescope, in terms of aperture size, until the early 20th century. From April 1807 until February 1841, he was styled as Baron Oxmantown.
St Kilda Junction
St Kilda Junction is a major intersection in Melbourne, Australia. It is in the suburb of St Kilda, bordering Windsor and St Kilda East, and is the meeting point of the major roads Punt Road, St Kilda Road, Dandenong Road/Queens Way/Princes Highway and Fitzroy Street.

St Kilda East
St Kilda East is a suburb in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 6 km south-east of Melbourne's Central Business District, located within the Cities of Glen Eira and Port Phillip local government areas. St Kilda East recorded a population of 12,571 at the 2021 census.

St Kilda East is one of the more diverse and densely populated suburbs of Melbourne. It has a prominent Hasidic Jewish community, descended from Polish and Russian immigrants. Quiet and residential, it is quite different from the adjacent suburb of St Kilda. However, the area around Carlisle Street is very diverse with a strong arts, alternative and indie community.
Hippuris
Hippuris, the mare's tail, was previously the sole genus in the family Hippuridaceae. Following genetic research by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group, it has now been transferred to the family Plantaginaceae, with Hippuridaceae being reduced to a synonym of Plantaginaceae.

It includes one to three species depending on taxonomic interpretation. Some authorities only accept the first species of those listed below, treating the other two as synonyms of it:

Common mare's tail, Hippuris vulgaris
Mountain mare's tail, Hippuris montana
Fourleaf mare's tail, Hippuris tetraphylla

They are aquatic plants found in shallow ponds and streams, both slow-moving and fast-flowing. Hippuris, despite being a flowering plant, is sometimes mistakenly identified with the non-flowering plant horsetail.

Angiosperm Phylogeny Group
The Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG) is an informal international group of systematic botanists who collaborate to establish a consensus on the taxonomy of flowering plants (angiosperms) that reflects new knowledge about plant relationships discovered through phylogenetic studies.

As of 2016, four incremental versions of a classification system have resulted from this collaboration, published in 1998, 2003, 2009 and 2016. An important motivation for the group was what they considered deficiencies in prior angiosperm classifications since they were not based on monophyletic groups (i.e., groups that include all the descendants of a common ancestor).

APG publications are increasingly influential, with a number of major herbaria changing the arrangement of their collections to match the latest APG system.
Freedom to Fish Act
The Freedom to Fish Act (Pub. L. 113–13 (text) (PDF); S. 982) is a law that creates a two-year moratorium on plans by the Chief of the Army Corps of Engineers to restrict access of the general public to the tailwaters along the Cumberland River, primarily located in Kentucky and Tennessee.  The tailwater of a river is the area immediately following a dam-like structure where there is better fishing than elsewhere on the river. The Army Corps of Engineers announced that they would be restricting access to these areas in 2012 for reasons of safety.

The bill passed during the 113th United States Congress and was signed into law on June 3, 2013.

Tailwater
Tailwater refers to waters located immediately downstream from a hydraulic structure, such as a dam, spillway, bridge or culvert. Generally measured and reported as the average water depth downstream of a hydraulic structure, tailwater can vary based on the outlet from the structure as well as downstream influences that may restrict or advance the usual flow of water from the structure. The creation of a tailwater will have significant impacts on both the abiotic and biotic conditions of the waterway.
Paulina Pfiffner
Paulina Pfiffner (1825 – 29 September 1853), was a Hungarian freedom fighter in the Hungarian Revolution of 1848.

Paulina's father was a Pole, while her mother was Italian; Paulina herself was born in Hungary. In 1840, she ran away from home to become an actor in Budapest. In 1848, she enlisted in the Hungarian forces dressed as a man under the name Ligeti Kalman. She was promoted to officer after having distinguished herself by her bravery during the Battle of Piski.

Officer
An officer is a person who has a position of authority in a hierarchical organization. The term derives from Old French oficier "officer, official" (early 14c., Modern French officier), from Medieval Latin officiarius "an officer," from Latin officium "a service, a duty" the late Latin from officiarius, meaning "official."
Chinese people in Pakistan
The Chinese people in Pakistan (Urdu: چینی) comprise one of Pakistan's significant expatriate communities.  The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor has raised the expatriate population, which has grown from 20,000 in 2013 to 60,000 in 2018.

Islam in China
Islam has been practiced in China since the 7th century CE. There are an estimated 20 million Muslims in China, less than 2 percent of the total population. Though Hui Muslims are the most numerous group, the greatest concentration of Muslims reside in northwestern China's Xinjiang autonomous region, which contains a significant Uyghur population. Lesser yet significant populations reside in the regions of Ningxia, Gansu and Qinghai. Of China's 55 officially recognized minority peoples, ten of these groups are predominantly Sunni Muslim.
Orophia sordidella
Orophia sordidella is a species of univoltine, xerothermic moth in the family Depressariidae. It was described by Jacob Hübner in 1796. It is found in most of Europe, except Ireland, Great Britain, Fennoscandia, Portugal, the Baltic region, Poland, Ukraine and Bulgaria.

The wingspan is 13–17 mm. There is one generation per year with adults on wing from May to early September.

The larvae feed on Leguminosae species.

Fennoscandia
Fennoscandia (Finnish, Swedish and Norwegian: Fennoskandia; Russian: Фенноскандия, romanized: Fennoskandiya), Fenno-Scandinavia, or the Fennoscandian Peninsula, is a peninsula in Europe which includes the Scandinavian and Kola peninsulas, mainland Finland, and Karelia. Administratively, this roughly encompasses the mainlands of Finland, Norway and Sweden, as well as Murmansk Oblast, the Republic of Karelia, and parts of northern Leningrad Oblast in Russia.
Stewart Pike
Stewart Alan Pike, OAM (born on 1 June 1981) is an Australian Paralympic swimmer and was born in the New South Wales city of Taree. Pike has an intellectual disability and took up swimming to overcome his life frustrations. He attended Weston Primary School and Kurri Kurri High School.
He won a gold medal at the 2000 Sydney Games in the Men's 4 × 100 m Freestyle S14 event, for which he received a Medal of the Order of Australia, and a silver medal in the Men's 200 m Medley SM14 event. In 2000, he received an Australian Sports Medal and an Australian Institute of Sport Athlete with a Disability scholarship. In 2001, he was awarded the Cessnock City Council Australia Day Sports Award. In 2006, he was an inaugural inductee in the Cessnock Hall of Fame.

Cessnock, New South Wales
Cessnock (/ˈsɛsnɒk/) is a city in the Hunter Valley of New South Wales, Australia, about 52 km (32 mi) by road west of Newcastle. It is the administrative centre of the City of Cessnock LGA and was named after an 1826 grant of land called Cessnock Estate, which was owned by John Campbell. The local area was once known as "The Coalfields", and it is the gateway city to the vineyards of the Hunter Valley, which includes Pokolbin, Mount View, Lovedale, Broke, Rothbury, and Branxton.
Muskegon State Park
Muskegon State Park is a public recreation area located four miles (6.4 km) west of North Muskegon in Muskegon County, Michigan. The park's 1,233 acres (499 ha) encompass two miles of sand beach on Lake Michigan and one mile of beach on Muskegon Lake.

Muskegon Lake
Muskegon Lake is a 4,150-acre (16.8 km2) fresh-water lake in Muskegon County, Michigan, USA.  Located in the lower peninsula at the mouth of the Muskegon River, Muskegon Lake forms a 12-square-mile (31 km2) broad harbor along the eastern shoreline of Lake Michigan, approximately 2.5 miles (4.0 km) wide by 5.5 miles (8.9 km) long.
Antonia Stergiou
Antonia Stergiou (Greek: Αντωνία Στεργίου, born 7 July 1985) is a Greek high jumper. She is competing with the athletics club A.O. Kouros Patron, situated in Patras.

She finished seventh at the 2004 World Junior Championships, won the silver medal at the 2007 European U23 Championships and the bronze medal at the 2009 Mediterranean Games in Pescara. She entered the final at the 2010 European Championships in Barcelona, taking the 8th place.

Her personal best jump is 1.97 metres, achieved in June 2008 in Athens.

2010 European Athletics Championships
The 2010 European Athletics Championships were the 20th edition of the European Athletics Championships, organised under the supervision of the European Athletic Association. They were held at the Estadi Olímpic Lluís Companys in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain from 27 July to 1 August 2010. Barcelona was the first Spanish city to host the European Championships.

Barni was the mascot of the event, he was the main promotional tool of the Championship. His name comes from Barna and was designed by the workshop Dortoka.
Yvette Holt
Yvette Henry Holt is an Australian literary executive, multi-award-winning contemporary Australian Aboriginal poet, essayist, researcher and editor. She heralds from the Bidjara, Yiman and Wakaman nations of Queensland. The youngest child born to prominent Queensland Elder, Albert Holt and Marlene (née Henry) Holt,  Yvette came to poetic prominence with her first award-winning collection of poetry Anonymous Premonition in 2008. Between 2009-2021 Holt lived and worked in Central Australia among the Central and Western Arrernte peoples of Hermansburg and Alice Springs.

Yiman people
The Yiman, also known as Yeeman, Eoman or Jiman, and by themselves in modern times as Iman, are an Aboriginal Australian people living in the Upper Dawson River region around Taroom of eastern Central Queensland.
Teesside International Airport
Teesside International Airport (IATA: MME, ICAO: EGNV), formerly Durham Tees Valley Airport, is a small international airport in the Borough of Darlington, County Durham, England. It primarily serves Teesside (including Middlesbrough and Stockton-on-Tees), County Durham (including Darlington) and North Yorkshire.

The airport has a Civil Aviation Authority (CAA) Public Use Aerodrome Licence that allows flights for the public transport of passengers and for flight instruction. Tees Valley Combined Authority owns three-quarters of the airport and Teesside Airport Foundation owns the remainder.

North Yorkshire (district)
North Yorkshire (legally, the County of North Yorkshire) is a non-metropolitan county and unitary authority area in the ceremonial county of North Yorkshire, England. It covers the majority of the North York Moors, the Vale of Mowbray and Vale of York, and the Yorkshire Dales. It does not include the north-east of the ceremonial county or the unitary authority area of York. The largest settlement is Harrogate, and the administrative centre is Northallerton. North Yorkshire is the largest local government area in England, with an area of 3,103 square miles (8,037 km2).
Marco Motta
Marco Motta (Italian pronunciation: [ˈmarko ˈmɔtta]; born 14 May 1986) is an Italian former professional footballer who plays as a right back.

Motta is a former Italy international and made his senior international appearance in 2010; at youth level, he participated in the 2008 Summer Olympics with Italy.

Persela Lamongan
Persatuan Sepakbola Lamongan, commonly known as Persela, is an Indonesian professional football club based in Lamongan, East Java. Currently the club plays in Championship, the second tier of domestic football.
K-104 (Kansas highway)
K-104 is a 2.275-mile-long (3.661 km) state highway in Saline County in the U.S. State of Kansas. It is signed east–west even though the majority of the route runs north–south. The route begins at a junction with Interstate 135 (I-135) and U.S. Route 81 (US-81), at I-135 exit 86, to a junction with K-4. It has an annual average daily traffic of between 1000 and 1300 and is paved with composite pavement. The highway is not a part of the National Highway System. The route was established around 1967, and has not been changed since.

Annual average daily traffic
Annual average daily traffic (AADT) is a measure used primarily in transportation planning, transportation engineering and retail location selection. Traditionally, it is the total volume of vehicle traffic of a highway or road for a year divided by 365 days. AADT is a simple, but useful, measurement of how busy the road is.

AADT is the standard measurement for vehicle traffic load on a section of road, and the basis for some decisions regarding transport planning, or the environmental hazards of pollution related to road transport.
Fengon ix7
The Fengon ix7 is an SUV sold under the Fengon brand produced from 2019 by Chinese car manufacturer DFSK Motor, a joint venture between Dongfeng Motor and Sokon Group. In export markets it is sold as DFSK Glory ix7, DFSK Fengon 7 in Belgium and DFSK Fengon iX7 in the United Arab Emirates.

Dongfeng Motor Corporation
Dongfeng Motor Corporation Ltd. is a Chinese central state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Wuhan, Hubei. Founded in 1969, it is currently the smallest of the "Big Four" state-owned car manufacturers of China with 671,000 sales in 2023, below SAIC Motor, Changan Automobile and FAW Group.

The company develops and markets vehicles under its own branding, such as M-Hero, Voyah, Aeolus, Nammi, Forthing, as well as under foreign-branded joint ventures such as Dongfeng Honda, Dongfeng Nissan and Dongfeng Peugeot-Citroën (all via subsidiary Dongfeng Motor Group). In 2021, foreign-branded cars took 79% of sales. In addition to commercial and consumer vehicles, it also manufactures parts and cooperates with foreign companies.

As a state-owned enterprise of China, Dongfeng is controlled and managed by SASAC, which under Chinese law performs the functions of an investor.
Henning Illies
Jürgen Henning Illies (14 March 1924 – 2 August 1982) was a German geologist, an expert in taphrogenesis (rift formation). Apart from his work on rifts, including the Rhine Rift Valley, he is known for his contributions to Chilean geology.

Illies was active at the Austral University of Chile in Valdivia where he mapped the geology of the Old Valdivia Province in 1956–1957. After the mapping was done he studied more specific geologic problems in Chile the years of 1958–59. Illies is currently regarded as a "founding father" of the geology department of the Austral University of Chile.

From 1973 onwards he was a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina.

Upper Rhine Plain
The Upper Rhine Plain, Rhine Rift Valley or Upper Rhine Graben (German: Oberrheinische Tiefebene, Oberrheinisches Tiefland or Oberrheingraben, French: Vallée du Rhin) is a major rift, about 350-kilometre-long (220 mi) and on average 50-kilometre-wide (31 mi), between Basel in the south and the cities of Frankfurt/Wiesbaden in the north. Its southern section straddles the France–Germany border. It forms part of the European Cenozoic Rift System, which extends across Central Europe. The Upper Rhine Graben formed during the Oligocene, as a response to the evolution of the Alps to the south. It remains active to the present day. Today, the Rhine Rift Valley forms a downfaulted trough through which the river Rhine flows.
Athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's 1500 metres
The men's 1500 metres was a track and field athletics event held as part of the athletics at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme. The competition was held on Tuesday, July 9, 1912, and on Wednesday, July 10, 1912. Forty-five runners from 14 nations competed, including the Olympic champion from 1908, Mel Sheppard. NOCs could enter up to 12 athletes.

Arnold Jackson won the final by 0.1 second, ahead of an American trio, in what was acclaimed at the time as "the greatest race ever run".  Aged 21, he remains the youngest ever winner of this event.

1912 was the last Olympics where "private entries" were allowed (i.e. not part of a country's officially selected team), and Jackson was one of these; his medal is credited to the United Kingdom. It was the second victory for Great Britain in the event, after 1900.

Abel Kiviat
Abel Richard Kiviat (June 23, 1892 – August 24, 1991) was an American track coach, press agent, and highly accomplished middle-distance runner. He won a gold medal in the 3000m team race and a silver medal in the 1500m at the 1912 Stockholm Olympics. He was the oldest living American Olympic medalist at the time of his death. He competed for and coached the Irish American Athletic Club, and was later a member of the New York Athletic Club.
Lake City Conference
The Lake City Conference is a high school athletic conference comprising private and charter schools in southeastern Wisconsin. It was founded in 2021 and all current conference members belong to the Wisconsin Interscholastic Athletic Association.

Wisconsin Interscholastic Athletic Association
The Wisconsin Interscholastic Athletic Association (WIAA) is the regulatory body for all high school sports in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. Its history dates to 1895, making it the earliest continually existing high school athletic organization in the country. It also provides the licensing program for more than 10,000 officials in the state, and oversees junior high or middle school athletics in about 100 of the state's nearly 400 school districts. Among its duties are the administration of state tournament series in its various sports, overseeing eligibility and conference alignment, and promoting sportsmanship.
On My Way (Louis Armstrong song)
"On My Way" is a Louis Armstrong song that appeared on the album Louis and the Good Book in 1958 and was issued with "I'll String Along with You" as a single in 1959. It features a solo section with Louis and Trummy Young.

A variant of "I'm on My Way", Armstrong's version starts with "On My Way" or "I'm on My Way" (or similar phrases in various versions) and then goes into a chorus "On my way now, got on my traveling shoes...".

The song is no relation to "Oh, Lawd, I'm on My Way!", a song sung by Ella Fitzgerald the previous year (1957) on the Porgy and Bess album by Fitzgerald and Armstrong. That song begins: "Porgy and all, I'm on my way to a heav'nly lan'".

Twenty Million Sweethearts
Twenty Million Sweethearts is a 1934 American Pre-Code musical comedy film directed by Ray Enright and starring Pat O'Brien, Dick Powell, Ginger Rogers, and the Mills Brothers. The film was remade in 1949 as My Dream Is Yours.
Franc Žitnik
Franc Žitnik (born 8 March 1941 in Ljubljana) is a Yugoslav retired slalom canoeist who competed from the late 1950s to the mid-1970s. He won a silver medal in the C-2 team event at the 1965 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships in Spittal. Žitnik also finished 19th in the C-2 event at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich.

His son Boštjan represented Slovenia at the 1992 Summer Olympics where he finished 10th in the C-1 event.

Canoeing at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Men's slalom C-2
These are the results of the men's C-2 slalom competition in canoeing at the 1972 Summer Olympics. The C-2 (canoe single) event is raced by two-man canoes through a whitewater course.  The venue for the 1972 Olympic competition was in Augsburg.
Marlow FM
Marlow FM 97.5 is a community radio station serving Marlow, Buckinghamshire in the United Kingdom. Marlow FM currently broadcasts on a Community Radio licence and has done so since May 11, 2011, while the station previously broadcast as a webcast for four years and trialled a Restricted Service Licence before being licensed to use FM in 2007 and again in 2009. The station may currently be heard online and by tuning to 97.5 FM in the Marlow area.

Webcast
A webcast is a media presentation distributed over the Internet using streaming media technology to distribute a single content source to many simultaneous listeners/viewers. A webcast may either be distributed live or on demand. Essentially, webcasting is "broadcasting" over the Internet. While a "podcast" is usually pre-recorded, a webcast is usually live and possibly interactive.

The largest "webcasters" include existing radio and TV stations, who "simulcast" their output through online TV or online radio streaming, as well as a multitude of Internet-only "stations". Webcasting usually consists of providing non-interactive linear streams or events. Rights and licensing bodies offer specific "webcasting licenses" to those wishing to carry out Internet broadcasting using copyrighted material.
2002 Volvo Women's Open – Doubles
Åsa Carlsson and Iroda Tulyaganova were the defending champions, but none competed this year.

Kelly Liggan and Renata Voráčová won the title by defeating Lina Krasnoroutskaya and Tatiana Panova 7–5, 7–6(9–7) in the final.

Kelly Liggan
Kelly Liggan (born 5 February 1979) is a retired tennis player from Ireland.

Liggan resides in Marbella, Spain, but she played tennis for Ireland. She had some success on the ITF Women's Circuit winning several titles in both singles and doubles, and in 2002, she won her sole WTA Tour doubles title.

Liggan had two Grand Slam doubles main-draw appearances. She reached the second round at the 2003 US Open and 2004 Wimbledon Championships. She also had several WTA Tour main-draw appearances; however, she never reached a quarterfinal.

Due to nagging injuries, Kelly retired in 2010.
Tuscahoma Formation
The Tuscahoma Formation or Tuscahoma Sand is a geologic formation in Mississippi and Alabama, United States. It preserves fossils dating back to the early Paleogene period, from the Late Paleocene and Early Eocene. It was primarily deposited in a marine habitat, but one Wasatchian-aged locality near Meridian, Mississippi was deposited in an estuarine habitat that preserves a significant terrestrial vertebrate fauna, known as the "Red Hot local fauna". It preserves one of the most diverse early Eocene mammalian faunas from eastern North America, roughly contemporaneous with the Willwood Formation of Wyoming.

Thanetian
The Thanetian is, in the ICS Geologic timescale, the latest age or uppermost stratigraphic stage of the Paleocene Epoch or Series. It spans the time between 59.24 and 56 Ma. The Thanetian is preceded by the Selandian Age and followed by the Ypresian Age (part of the Eocene). The Thanetian is sometimes referred to as the Late Paleocene.