hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Analytic–synthetic distinction
The analytic–synthetic distinction is a semantic distinction used primarily in philosophy to distinguish between propositions (in particular, statements that are affirmative subject–predicate judgments) that are of two types: analytic propositions and synthetic propositions. Analytic propositions are true or not true solely by virtue of their meaning, whereas synthetic propositions' truth, if any, derives from how their meaning relates to the world.

While the distinction was first proposed by Immanuel Kant, it was revised considerably over time, and different philosophers have used the terms in very different ways. Furthermore, some philosophers (starting with Willard Van Orman Quine) have questioned whether there is even a clear distinction to be made between propositions which are analytically true and propositions which are synthetically true. Debates regarding the nature and usefulness of the distinction continue to this day in contemporary philosophy of language.

Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (IEP) is a scholarly online encyclopedia with around 900 articles about philosophy, philosophers, and related topics. The IEP publishes only peer-reviewed and blind-refereed original papers. Contribution is generally by invitation. Contributors come from 35 countries, according to the encyclopedia's "representative list", and are recognized as leading international specialists within their field.
Mike Eng
Michael Francis Eng (Chinese: 伍國慶; pinyin: Wǔ Guóqìng; born September 14, 1946) is an American politician serving as one of five members of the California Unemployment Insurance Appeals Board (CUIAB) since 2019. A member of the Democratic Party, he was appointed to the body, an administrative court system for workers and employers, ruling on work-related benefits, by State Assembly Speaker Anthony Rendon. Eng previously served in the Monterey Park City Council (2003–2006) and California State Assembly (2006–2012); he was Mayor of Monterey Park from 2004 to 2005. He was elected to the Los Angeles Community College District Board of Trustees in 2013 and served until 2017.

Employment Development Department
In California, the Employment Development Department (EDD) is a department of the state government that administers Unemployment Insurance (UI), Disability Insurance (DI), and Paid Family Leave (PFL) programs. The department also provides employment service programs and collects the state's labor market information and employment data. EDD is one of California's three major taxation agencies, alongside California Department of Tax and Fee Administration and the Franchise Tax Board. In addition to collecting unemployment insurance taxes, the department administers the reporting, collection, and enforcement of the state's payroll taxes.
Jens Christian Kofoed
Jens Christian Kofoed (6 April 1864 – 3 November 1941) was a Danish architect who adopted the Historicist style inspired by Italian architecture from the Middle Ages. He is remembered above all for his churches, seamen's homes and hostels.

Historicism (art)
Historicism or historism comprises artistic styles that draw their inspiration from recreating historic styles or imitating the work of historic artists and artisans. This is especially common in architecture, where there are many different styles of Revival architecture, which dominated large buildings in the 19th century. Through a combination of different styles or the implementation of new elements, historicism can create completely different aesthetics than former styles. Thus, it offers a great variety of possible designs.
Shibpur Union, Chitalmari
Shibpur Union (Bengali: শিবপুর ইউনিয়ন) is a Union parishad of Chitalmari Upazila, Bagerhat District in Khulna Division of Bangladesh. Shibpur Union has an area of 37.30 km2 (14.40 sq mi) and a population of 25,336.

Khulna Division
Khulna Division (Bengali: খুলনা বিভাগ) is the second largest of the eight divisions of Bangladesh. It has an area of 22,285 km2 (8,604 sq mi) and a population of 17,416,645 at the 2022 Bangladesh census (preliminary returns). Its headquarters and largest city is Khulna city in Khulna District.
Crush Songs
Crush Songs is the debut solo studio album by American musician Karen O, released on September 5, 2014, by Cult Records. Karen O, best known as the lead singer of the indie rock band Yeah Yeah Yeahs, began writing and recording personal songs in 2006. Although she released solo work for film soundtracks in the years that followed, this material remained dormant until the band's hiatus, when she developed the songs into a full album. Musically, Crush Songs is a lo-fi album featuring acoustic instrumentation and lyrics about her experiences with love and its uncertainty.

For promotion, "Rapt" was released as a single and Karen O embarked on a mini tour. Upon release, Crush Songs charted in six territories, debuting at number 44 on the US Billboard 200 and number 61 on the UK Albums Chart. The album received generally favorable reviews from music critics, who praised its emotive composition and vocals, but felt the songs sounded incomplete.

Robby Krieger
Robert Alan Krieger (born January 8, 1946) is an American guitarist and founding member of the rock band the Doors. Krieger wrote or co-wrote many of the Doors' songs, including the hits "Light My Fire", "Love Me Two Times", "Touch Me", and "Love Her Madly". When the Doors disbanded shortly after the death of lead singer Jim Morrison, Krieger continued to perform and record with other musicians including former Doors bandmates John Densmore and Ray Manzarek. In the 2023 edition of Rolling Stone's 250 greatest guitarists of all time, he was positioned at number 248.
Silicate carbonate
The silicate carbonates are double salts that contain both silicate and carbonate in their formula. Most compounds are natural minerals containing calcium or rare earth elements. However, some have been made experimentally. Silicate carbonate minerals can be formed in limestone metamorphosed by heating from igneous intrusions. Scawtite forms where the activity of calcium is high compared to H+. Spurrite forms in a limited range of calcium activity and high silica activity. In magma, a carbonate rich melt is immiscible with a silicate melt.

Double salt
A double salt is a salt that contains two distinct cations or two distinct anions.  More specifically, the two cations (or anions) are not statistically distributed.  Many examples are known. Double salts only exist in the solid state. For those that can be dissolved in water, they completely dissociate into simple ions. They have no characteristic  appearance.
God's Fury
God's Fury is the third studio album by American hip hop duo OuterSpace. It was released on September 30, 2008, through Babygrande Records. Production was handled by MTK, Sake, Clockwork, Davyd Done, Dennis Post, Juan Muteniac, Malice Beats, Scott "Supe" Stallone, Sev-One, Sicknature, Skammadix and Undefined. It features guest appearances from Abdiel, Celph Titled, Chief Kamachi, Des Devious, Doap Nixon, King Magnetic, King Syze, Lawrence Arnell, Psycho Realm, Reef the Lost Cauze and Vinnie Paz.

JuJu Mob
The JuJu Mob (originally credited as Chief Kamachi & The JuJu Mob) is a four-member underground hip hop group originating from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania that was founded in 2004. The four founding members of the JuJu Mob are Reef the Lost Cauze, Chief Kamachi, Charon Don and State Store.
Tirnaneill
Tirnaneill (Irish: Tír Ní Néill, meaning 'O'Neill's land') is a townland situated in north County Monaghan in Ireland, about halfway between Emyvale and Monaghan Town at a crossroads on the N2 road known as Tirnaneill Cross.

County Monaghan
County Monaghan (/ˈmɒnəhən/ MON-ə-hən; Irish: Contae Mhuineacháin) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Ulster and is part of Border strategic planning area of the Northern and Western Region. It is named after the town of Monaghan. Monaghan County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 65,288, according to the 2022 census.

The county has existed since 1585 when the Mac Mathghamhna rulers of Airgíalla agreed to join the Kingdom of Ireland. Following the 20th-century Irish War of Independence and the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, Monaghan was one of three Ulster counties to join the Irish Free State rather than Northern Ireland.
Mark B. Perry
Mark B. Perry is an American television producer and writer.

He has written and produced for the television series The Wonder Years, Law & Order, One Tree Hill, Brothers & Sisters, Pasadena, What About Brian, Windfall, Party of Five, its spin-off Time of Your Life and Ghost Whisperer, the latter three series all starred Jennifer Love Hewitt. Perry won a Primetime Emmy Award in 1993 for his work on Picket Fences, as a part of the producing and writing team.

He was a writer and co-executive producer on the ABC series Revenge.

What About Brian
What About Brian? is an American comedy-drama television series created by Dana Stevens and co-produced by J. J. Abrams' company Bad Robot. The series premiered on April 16, 2006, on ABC, as a mid-season replacement and concluded on March 26, 2007. On May 16, 2006, ABC renewed the series for its second and final season, notably making it the only new series to be picked up by the network from the 2005–2006 television season, despite it being the final new series introduced by ABC during the season. The series returned October 9, 2006, with a full 22-episode season confirmed by November 10, 2006. The second season order was subsequently scaled back to 19 episodes by the network.

What About Brian? ended its run after two seasons on March 26, 2007.
Virginia Slims of Washington
The Virginia Slims of Washington, now defunct, was a Grand Prix and WTA Tour affiliated tennis tournament played from 1972 to 1991. It was held in Washington, D.C. in the United States and played on indoor carpet courts from 1972 to 1975 and again from 1978 to 1990. From 1976 to 1977, it was played on indoor hard courts and in the final year it was played on outdoor hard courts.

The event was known by several different names. For most of its run, the tournament was called the Virginia Slims of Washington due to sponsorship by Virginia Slims. It was also known as the Colgate Championships of Washington and the Avon Championships of Washington.

Martina Navratilova was the most successful player, winning nine titles overall.

The tournament was abolished after the 1991 edition when its owners, Pro-Serv, sold it abroad.

Colgate-Palmolive
The Colgate-Palmolive Company, commonly known as Colgate-Palmolive, is an American multinational consumer products company headquartered on Park Avenue in Midtown Manhattan, New York City. The company specializes in the production, distribution, and provision of household, health care, personal care, and veterinary products.
1985 Tour de France, Prologue to Stage 11
The 1985 Tour de France was the 72nd edition of Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Plumelec with a prologue individual time trial on 28 June and Stage 11 occurred on 9 July with a mountainous stage to Morzine Avoriaz. The race finished on the Champs-Élysées in Paris on 21 July.

Fougères
Fougères (French: [fuʒɛʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Felger; Gallo: Foujerr) is a commune and a sub-prefecture of the Ille-et-Vilaine department, located in Brittany, northwestern France. As of 2017, Fougères had 20,418 inhabitants. The Fougères area comprises approximately 88,000 inhabitants and is currently growing, unlike the town centre.
Modulational instability
In the fields of nonlinear optics and fluid dynamics, modulational instability or sideband instability is a phenomenon whereby deviations from a periodic waveform are reinforced by nonlinearity, leading to the generation of spectral-sidebands and the eventual breakup of the waveform into a train of pulses.

It is widely believed that the phenomenon was first discovered − and modeled − for periodic surface gravity waves (Stokes waves) on deep water by T. Brooke Benjamin and Jim E. Feir, in 1967. Therefore, it is also known as the Benjamin−Feir instability. However, spatial modulation instability of high-power lasers in organic solvents was observed by Russian scientists N. F. Piliptetskii and A. R. Rustamov in 1965, and the mathematical derivation of modulation instability was published by V. I. Bespalov and V. I. Talanov in 1966. Modulation instability is a possible mechanism for the generation of rogue waves.

Brooke Benjamin
Thomas Brooke Benjamin, FRS (15 April 1929 – 16 August 1995) was an English mathematical physicist and mathematician, best known for his work in mathematical analysis and fluid mechanics, especially in applications of nonlinear differential equations.
Lanchester Light Six
The Lanchester Light Six was a small luxury car in the twelve tax horsepower class manufactured for The Lanchester Motor Company Limited by BSA subsidiary The Daimler Company Limited. Announced in September 1934 it was the better-finished  version of an almost identical pair the other half being the BSA Light Six

It followed the Lanchester 15/18 introduced three years earlier and Ten introduced in October 1932 as the third break away from previous Lanchester large cars.

This model was to become the Fourteen or Roadrider in 1937.

Rear view of six-light saloon

Rear view of four-light sports saloon

Tax horsepower
The fiscal / taxable horsepower or just tax horsepower was an early system to calculate road taxation rates for automobiles in a number of key Western European countries such as the UK, Germany, France, Belgium and Italy. Some U.S. states like Illinois also charged license plate purchase and renewal fees for passenger automobiles, based on taxable horsepower. The tax horsepower rating was typically computed not from actual engine power but by mathematical formulae based on cylinder dimensions etc, and varying per country. In the early twentieth century, fiscal power was reasonably close to real power – but as the internal combustion engine developed, real power output outpaced nominal taxable power by a factor of up to ten or more.
Off the Rails (play)
Off the Rails is a stage adaptation of William Shakespeare's Measure for Measure by Randy Reinholz, a Choctaw Native American playwright. The play was written in 2015, and inspired by Reinholz's wife and co-founder of the Native Voices theatre company at the Autry Museum of the American West, Jean Bruce Scott.

Although Off the Rails follows the plot of Measure for Measure, infamous for being one of Shakespeare's problem plays, the power struggles between the characters help rather than hurt the play's ability to send a powerful message by accentuating the racist treatment of Native Americans.  Reinholz utilizes specific projection images and traditional Native American tribal songs and language in the script of the play in order to make a political statement about the horrors of Indian boarding schools.

Jean Bruce Scott
Jean Bruce Scott  is a retired American actress, best known for her role as former Texas Highway Patrol helicopter pilot Caitlin O'Shannessy in the 1984-1987 CBS action thriller television series Airwolf. She had a recurring role as Lieutenant, later Lieutenant Commander, Maggie Poole in seasons 3-8 of Magnum, P.I..
B. Parthasarathy
B. Parthasarathy (born 18 February 1965) is an Indian politician and was a member of the 14th Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly from the Virugambakkam Constituency in Chennai District. He represented the Desiya Murpokku Dravida Kazhagam party.

On 31 December 2015, Parthasarathy was arrested along with 17 others for an assault on journalists outside Vijayakanth's residence.

The elections of 2016 resulted in his constituency being won by Virugai V. N. Ravi.

2016 Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly election
The Fifteenth Legislative Assembly Election was held on 16 May 2016 for the 232 seats (except Thanjavur and Aravakurichi for which held on 26 October 2016) of the Legislative Assembly in the state of Tamil Nadu in India. The AIADMK under J. Jayalalithaa won the elections and became the first ruling party to be re-elected in Tamil Nadu since 1984, though with a simple majority. The DMK won half of the seats it contested but its allies performed poorly; notably, the Indian National Congress won 16% of the seats they contested, and the alliance lost due to its poor performance. The votes were counted on 19 May 2016. In the previous election in 2011, AIADMK had, under the leadership of Jayalalithaa, won a thumping majority and formed the government, while DMDK chief Vijayakanth served as the Leader of Opposition until January 2016. This was the last election that J. Jayalalithaa and M. Karunanidhi would contest, as they died later in 2016 and 2018, respectively.
Luisa de Tenza, Lady of Espinardo
Luisa de Tenza, Lady of Espinardo (in full, Spanish: Doña Luisa de Tenza y Cascales Pacheco, señora de las villas de Espinardo, Ontur y del mayorazgo de Celdrán), was a Spanish noblewoman.

Luisa de Tenza was the daughter of Alonso de Tenza and his wife, Doña Aldonza de Cascales y Soto, a distant relative of Hernando de Soto. She was the Lady of Espinardo, Ontur, Albatana, and Mojón Blanco.

She married at Murcia to Admiral Don Luis Fajardo. They were the parents of Don Juan Fajardo de Tenza, 1st Marquess of Espinardo, and Don Alonso Fajardo de Entenza, Spanish Governor-General and Captain-General of the Islands of the Philippines, from 3 July 1618 to July 1624.

Governor-general
Governor-general (plural governors-general), or governor general (plural governors general), is the title of an official, most prominently associated with the British Empire and the Commonwealth. In the context of the governors-general and former British colonies, governors-general continue to be appointed as viceroy to represent the monarch of a personal union in any sovereign state over which the monarch does not normally reign in person (non-UK Commonwealth realm). In the British Empire, governors-general were appointed on the advice of the government of the United Kingdom and were often British aristocracy, but in the mid-twentieth century they began to be appointed on the advice of the independent government of each realm and were citizens of each independent state.

Governors-general have also previously been appointed in respect of major colonial states or other territories held by either a monarchy or republic, such as Japan, Korea, Taiwan and France in Indochina.
The Thunderfist Chronicles
The Thunderfist Chronicles is the eighth studio album by Scottish heavy metal band Alestorm. It was released on 20 June 2025 via Napalm Records. The album is produced by the band's long-time producer Lasse Lammert. The eighth and final song on the album, "Mega-Supreme Treasure of the Eternal Thunderfist", is Alestorm's longest song to date, at over 17 minutes, featuring guest vocals by hurdy-gurdy musician Patty Gurdy and Symphony X vocalist Russell Allen.

Napalm Records
Napalm Records is an Austrian independent record label focused on heavy metal, hard rock and folk/folk rock/folk metal. Originally, Napalm focused on black metal bands, such as Abigor and Summoning, and folk metal bands, such as Falkenbach and Vintersorg. The label later expanded its roster by adding gothic metal, symphonic metal, power metal, doom metal, metalcore and nu metal bands, as well as stoner rock acts Monster Magnet, Karma to Burn and Brant Bjork, thrash metal bands Exodus, Destruction and Flotsam and Jetsam, and even folk bands like Ye Banished Privateers. Napalm has its own publishing house named Iron Avantgarde Publishing.

In November 2020, Napalm acquired the German record label SPV GmbH.
P-Azobenzenearsonate
p-Azobenzenearsonate is an arsenical.   It causes antibody formation and delayed hypersensitivity when bound to aromatic amino acids, polypeptides or proteins.  It is used as an immunologic research tool.

Arsenical
Arsenicals are chemical compounds that contain arsenic. In a military context, the term arsenical refers to toxic arsenic compounds that are used as chemical warfare agents. This includes blister agents, blood agents and vomiting agents.  Historically, they were used extensively as insecticides, especially lead arsenate.
W. David Arnett
William David Arnett (born 1940) is a Regents Professor of Astrophysics at Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, known for his research on supernova explosions, the formation of  neutron stars or black holes by gravitational collapse, and the synthesis of elements in stars; he is author of the monograph Supernovae and Nucleosynthesis which deals with these topics.
Arnett pioneered the application of supercomputers to astrophysical problems, including neutrino radiation hydrodynamics, nuclear reaction networks, instabilities and explosions, supernova light curves, and turbulent convective flow in two  and three dimensions.

Steward Observatory
Steward Observatory is the research arm of the Department of Astronomy at the University of Arizona (UArizona). Its offices are located on the UArizona campus in Tucson, Arizona (US).  Established in 1916, the first telescope and building were  formally dedicated on April 23, 1923. It operates, or is a partner in telescopes at five mountain-top locations in Arizona, one in New Mexico, one in Hawaii, and one in Chile.  It has provided instruments for three different space telescopes and numerous terrestrial ones.  Steward has one of the few facilities in the world that can cast and figure the very large primary mirrors used in telescopes built in the early 21st century.
Aidan Keena
Aidan Keena (born 25 April 1999) is an Irish footballer who plays as a forward for League of Ireland Premier Division club St Patrick's Athletic. He has previously played for Heart of Midlothian, Hartlepool United,  Queen's Park, Dunfermline Athletic, Falkirk, Sligo Rovers and Cheltenham Town.

Leinster Senior Cup (association football)
The Leinster Senior Cup is an association football cup competition organized by the Leinster Football Association. It is currently contested by LFA affiliated League of Ireland clubs, Leinster Senior League Senior Division clubs and invited teams from the various LFA affiliated junior leagues. Before the introduction of the FAI Cup, it was considered the major cup competition for clubs in what is now the Republic of Ireland. It is also the oldest association football cup competition in the Republic of Ireland.
Release Me (Zoë Badwi song)
"Release Me" is the debut solo single by Australian singer Zoë Badwi, released digitally on 15 November 2008. It was co-written by Badwi, Ivan Gough, Grant Smillie and Colin Snape. "Release Me" reached number one on the ARIA Clubs Chart and received two nominations including "Best Dance Release" at the 2009 ARIA Music Awards and "Dance Work of the Year" at the 2010 APRA Awards.

APRA Awards (Australia)
The APRA Music Awards in Australia celebrate excellence in contemporary music, honoring songwriters and publishers who have achieved artistic excellence and outstanding success in their fields.

Several award ceremonies are run in Australia by the Australasian Performing Right Association (APRA) and Australasian Mechanical Copyright Owners Society (AMCOS). In addition to the APRA Music Awards, APRA AMCOS, in association with the Australian Music Centre, presents awards for classical music, jazz and improvised music, experimental music and sound art, known as the Art Music Awards. It also runs, in association with the Australian Guild of Screen Composers (AGSC), the Screen Music Awards, to acknowledge excellence in the field of screen composition.