hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Suvorov Square (Saint Petersburg)
Suvorov Square (Russian: Суворовская площадь, romanized: Suvorovskaya Ploshchad) is a city square in Tsentralny District, Saint Petersburg. It is located between Palace Embankment and the junction of the embankment of the Swan Canal and Millionnaya Street, at the southern end of the Trinity Bridge and the northern end of the Field of Mars. It is bordered to the east by the Saltykov Mansion and to the west by the service wing of the Marble Palace.

Swan Canal
The Swan Canal (Russian: Лебяжья канавка) is a waterway located in Saint Petersburg. Dating from the early years of the foundation of the city, it connects the Moyka and Neva Rivers.

Originally built as part of a system of drainage channels and canals, the Swan Canal replaced a shallow river that flowed between the Summer Garden and the area that became known as the Field of Mars. The canal was dug between 1711 and 1719, and was known as the Summer Canal or Summer Garden Canal. In later years it became a popular habitat for swans, from which it eventually took its name. The canal has undergone repairs and reconstruction over its existence, deepening the channel, and replacing wooden banks with granite. Today it is used by small pleasure boats, and is crossed by two bridges, one of which, the Upper Swan Bridge, is one of the city's oldest stone bridges.
1918 Wyoming state elections
A general election was held in the U.S. state of Wyoming on Tuesday, November 5, 1918. All of the state's executive officers—the Governor, Secretary of State, Auditor, Treasurer, and Superintendent of Public Instruction—were up for election. Republicans won all statewide offices by wide margins, and with Robert D. Carey's defeat of Frank L. Houx, picked up the governorship following two consecutive losses to Democrats.

Casper, Wyoming
Casper is a city in, and the county seat of, Natrona County, Wyoming, United States. Casper is the second-most populous city in the state after Cheyenne, with the population at 59,038 as of the 2020 census. Casper is nicknamed "The Oil City" and has a long history of oil boomtown and cowboy culture, dating back to the development of the nearby Salt Creek Oil Field.

Casper is located in east central Wyoming on the North Platte River.
Funa District
Funa is an area of the capital city of Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo, comprising seven of the city-province's twenty-four administrative divisions—the communes of Bandalungwa, Bumbu, Kalamu, Kasa-Vubu, Makala, Ngiri-Ngiri and Selembao.  It is one of the four so-called districts of Kinshasa, which were the administrative divisions of the city during much of the Mobutu years (1965-1997) and around which a number of government systems and services are still organized.  For instance, Funa makes up a twelve-member National Assembly constituency designated as Kinshasa II.  However, these districts are not part of Congo's territorial organization.

Subdivisions of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
The Third Republic of the Democratic Republic of the Congo is a unitary state with a five-level hierarchy of types of administrative division.  There are nine different types of country subdivision in a new hierarchy with no new types but with two from the previous one abolished.

Under the Third Republic, established in 2006, the number of provinces has gone from ten to twenty-five.  By fits and starts the number of towns that have been, or are in the process of being, upgraded to cities has also increased greatly.

Reforms to devolve powers to the provinces were completed in 2006, but devolution to more local levels have again been delayed when elections scheduled for 2019 were not held.  Traditional authority continues to play a significant role in governance with traditional leaders leading many of the subdivisions at the lower levels.
Hyundai U engine
The Hyundai U engine is a series of three or four-cylinder diesel engines made for automotive applications by the Hyundai Kia Automotive Group. The U series of engines includes the smallest automotive diesel engines produced by Hyundai.

Hyundai Venue
The Hyundai Venue (Korean: 현대 베뉴) is a subcompact crossover SUV manufactured by South Korean manufacturer Hyundai. It is the smallest global crossover, prior to the introduction of other smaller SUVs such as the Casper and Exter.

The Venue is not marketed in Europe (except Ukraine) in favor of the European-focused, Hyundai i20-based Bayon which was introduced in 2021.

As of 2023, the Venue is positioned below the Kona or Creta, and above the Exter or Casper in Hyundai's international crossover lineup.
Orizo
Orizo (formerly TCRA) is the public network transportation of Avignon (located in the south of France) and surroundings (Grand Avignon). This network is operated by the public company Tecelys.

The Orizo Network contains :

1 tramway line

2 bus rapid transit (BRT) lines : Chron'hop

27 regular bus lines (9 main, 14 local and 4 intra-muros)

11 on-demand bus lines : AlloBus

32 school bus lines

A bicycle-sharing system : Vélopop'.

Bicycle-sharing system
A bicycle-sharing system, bike share program, public bicycle scheme, or public bike share (PBS) scheme, is a shared transport service where bicycles or electric bicycles are available for shared use by individuals at low cost.

The programmes themselves include both docking and dockless systems; docking systems allow users to rent a bike from a dock (i.e. a technology-enabled bicycle rack) and return at another node or dock within the system, while dockless systems offer a node-free system relying on smart technology. In either format, systems may incorporate smartphone web mapping to locate available bikes and docks.

With its antecedents in grassroots mid-1960s efforts, by 2022, bike share schemes were offered by approximately 3,000 cities worldwide, including Dubai, New York, Paris, Mexico City, Montreal and Barcelona.
Influence and reception of Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Nietzsche's influence and reception varied widely and may be roughly divided into various chronological periods. Reactions were anything but uniform, and proponents of various ideologies attempted to appropriate his work quite early.

Peter Sloterdijk
Peter Sloterdijk (/ˈsloʊtərdaɪk/; German: [ˈsloːtɐˌdaɪk]; born 26 June 1947) is a German philosopher and cultural theorist. He was a professor of philosophy and media theory at and Rector from 2001 to 2015 of the University of Art and Design Karlsruhe. He co-hosted the German television show Das Philosophische Quartett from 2002 until 2012.
Arthur Ludwich
Arthur Ludwich (18 May 1840, Lyck in East Prussia – 12 November 1920, Königsberg) was a German classical philologist who specialized in Homeric studies. He is remembered for his observations involving the metric and prosody of Homer, for his edition of the Dionysiaca by Nonnus, and for coining the term "Viermännerkommentar" (i.e. "Four-Men Commentary", being Aristonichus, Didymus, Herodian and Nicanor) to define a lost ancient commentary to Homer's Iliad, survived in fragments prominently in the A-class of marginals.

He studied theology and classical philology at the University of Königsberg, where his instructors included Karl Lehrs and Ludwig Friedlander. In 1874–75 he conducted Homeric research in Italy, and during the following year, became an associate professor at the University of Breslau. In 1878 he succeeded Lehrs as professor of Greek philology at Königsberg.

Nicanor Stigmatias
Nicanor Stigmatias (/naɪˈkeɪnər ˌstɪɡməˈtaɪəs/; Greek: Nικάνωρ Στιγματίας Nīkā́nōr Stigmatíās) was a celebrated grammarian, who lived during the reign of the Roman emperor Hadrian in the early 2nd century AD.

According to the Suda he came from Alexandria; according to Stephanus of Byzantium he came from Hierapolis.

According to the Suda, he acquired the joking nickname Stigmatias (στιγματίας, "punctuated" but also "tattooed") because his labours were principally directed to punctuation. From his having devoted much of his attention to the elucidation of Homer's epics through punctuation, Stephanus also calls him "the new Homer", ὁ νέος Ὅμηρος.

He wrote also on the punctuation of Callimachus; and a work On punctuation in general (περὶ καθόλου στιγμῆς).

He is copiously quoted in the Venetus A scholia on Homer's Iliad.

(Fabricius Bibl. Graec. i.368, 517, iii.823, vi.345.)
André Raynauld
André Raynauld, OC (October 20, 1927 – April 11, 2011) was a Canadian politician, who represented the electoral district of Outremont in the National Assembly of Quebec from 1976 to 1980. He was a member of the Quebec Liberal Party.

Prior to his election, he was an economics professor at the Université de Montréal.

Quebec Liberal Party
The Quebec Liberal Party (QLP; French: Parti libéral du Québec [paʁti libeʁal dy kebɛk], PLQ) is a provincial political party in Quebec. It has been independent of the federal Liberal Party of Canada since 1955.

The QLP has traditionally supported a form of Quebec federalist ideology with nuanced Canadian nationalist tones that supports Quebec remaining within the Canadian federation, while also supporting reforms that would allow substantial autonomism in Quebec. In the context of federal Canadian politics, it is a more centrist party when compared to Conservative and Liberal parties in other provinces, such as the former British Columbia Liberal Party.
Ytterhogdal
Ytterhogdal (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈʏ̂tːɛrˌhʊɡːdal]) is a locality situated in Härjedalen Municipality, Jämtland County, Sweden with 534 inhabitants in 2010. Being located in the province of Hälsingland, the village has connections to three provinces due to the municipality and county having namesake provinces outside of Ytterhogdal. European route E45 passes the village The village is located close to Sweden's geographical midpoint.

Ytterhogdal Church (Ytterhogdals kyrka) is in the Diocese of Härnösand. The church building was built in the years 1799-1809 by the builder  Johan Christian Loëll from Gävle.  It was built in stone with  a tower to the east. The sculptures in the church were made between 1839 and 1848 by Göran Sundin (1795-1857).

European route E45
European route E45 connects Norway and Italy, through Finland, Sweden, Denmark, Germany and Austria. With a length of about 5,190 kilometres (3,225 mi), it is the longest north–south European route (some east–west routes are longer).

The route passes through Alta (Norway) – Kautokeino – Hetta (Finland) – Palojoensuu – Kaaresuvanto – Gällivare (Sweden) – Porjus – Jokkmokk – Arvidsjaur – Östersund – Mora – Säffle – Åmål – Brålanda – Gothenburg ... Frederikshavn (Denmark) – Aalborg – Randers – Aarhus – Skanderborg – Vejle – Kolding – Frøslev – Flensburg (Germany) – Hamburg – Hanover – Hildesheim – Göttingen – Kassel – Fulda – Würzburg – Nuremberg – Munich – Rosenheim – Wörgl (Austria) – Innsbruck – Brenner – Fortezza (Italy) – Bolzano – Trento – Verona – Modena – Bologna – Cesena – Perugia – Fiano Romano – Naples – Salerno – Sicignano – Cosenza – Villa San Giovanni ... Messina – Catania – Siracusa – Gela.
Hugh Dempster
Hugh Dempster (3 August 1900 – 30 April 1987) was a British theatre and film actor, whose credits include more than 60 films.

Born in London, Dempster made his stage debut in 1920, and began his screen career in the silent film era. His credits included Vice Versa, Anna Karenina, The Winslow Boy, The Fan, Scrooge, The House Across the Lake and The Ghost Train (short film).

During World War II, Dempster served in the Royal Air Force.

Thirty-six years separated Dempster's first and last appearances on Broadway. He debuted in the 1929 melodrama Rope's End by Patrick Hamilton and in 1965 replaced Peter Sallis as Dr. Watson in the Sherlock Holmes-inspired musical Baker Street. In total, he played in several dozen productions.

Dempster died in Chicago, Illinois.

The Winslow Boy (1948 film)
The Winslow Boy is a 1948 British drama film adaptation of Terence Rattigan's 1946 play The Winslow Boy. It was made by De Grunwald Productions and distributed by the British Lion Film Corporation. It was directed by Anthony Asquith and produced by Anatole de Grunwald with Teddy Baird as associate producer. The adapted screenplay was written by de Grunwald and Rattigan based on Rattigan's play. The music score was by William Alwyn and the cinematography by Freddie Young.

The film stars Robert Donat, Sir Cedric Hardwicke and Margaret Leighton with Basil Radford, Kathleen Harrison, Francis L. Sullivan, Marie Lohr and Jack Watling (who was also in the original West End theatre production). Also in the cast are Stanley Holloway, Mona Washbourne, Ernest Thesiger, Wilfrid Hyde-White, Lewis Casson, Cyril Ritchard and Dandy Nichols. Neil North, who plays the title role, also appeared in the 1999 film adaptation directed by David Mamet.
Ambikapur, Chhattisgarh
Ambikapur is a city and headquarters of Surguja district in the Indian state of Chhattisgarh. It is one of the oldest cities in the state, in east-central India. Ambikapur is also the divisional headquarters of Surguja Division which consists of the six districts of Surguja, Korea, Manendragarh, Balrampur, Surajpur and Jashpur.

Ambikapur was the capital of the Princely state of Surguja before Indian Independence. The name of the city is derived from the Hindu goddess Ambika (Mahamaya) Devi, who is the central figure of worship for the Hindus in the area. The area under Ambikapur Municipal Corporation is 35.360 km2.

Jashpur district
Jashpur district is a district of the central Indian state of Chhattisgarh bordering Jharkhand and Odisha. Jashpur Nagar is the administrative headquarters of the district. The district was formerly a princely state before Independence. Highly mountainous and forested, Jashpur is known for its natural environment.

Shri Ritesh Agrawal is the District Collector and Magistrate of Jashpur. He has previously served as DM Bijapur, CEO Zila Panchayat Bilaspur, Bastar, Dhamtari & Gariyaband.
Place D'Youville (Quebec)
Place D’Youville, also referred to as carré D'Youville, is a public square in the core of Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. It is situated on rue Saint-Jean, one of the oldest roads in Quebec City. It marks the boundary between the Quebec Parliament Hill and Old Quebec. The square is named in honour of Marie-Marguerite d'Youville, a French Canadian widow who founded the religious order known as the Grey Nuns of Montreal.

In addition to the square itself, Place D'Youville is also used to refer to the area surrounding the bus terminal for the Réseau de transport de la Capitale (Quebec City's transit system), the Palais Montcalm, and the Théâtre Capitole de Québec.

Part of the square is transformed into a skating rink during winter months, and to its west is the sculpture "The Muses" by Alfred Laliberté, donated by the Government of Quebec for the 375th anniversary of the city in 1983.

Grey Nuns
The Sisters of Charity of Montreal, formerly called The Sisters of Charity of the Hôpital Général of Montreal and more commonly known as the Grey Nuns of Montreal, is a Canadian religious institute of Roman Catholic religious sisters, founded in 1737 by Marie-Marguerite d'Youville, a young widow.
William Wallace Phelps
William Wallace Phelps (June 1, 1826 – August 3, 1873) was a United States congressman from Minnesota. He was born in Oakland County, Michigan Territory on June 1, 1826. He attended the country schools and graduated from the University of Michigan at Ann Arbor in 1846, where he was a founding member of the Chi Psi fraternity. He studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1848 and began a practice. (Register of the United States land office at Red Wing, Goodhue County, Minnesota).

Upon the admission of Minnesota as a state into the Union, he was elected as a Democrat to the 35th congress, and served from May 11, 1858, to March 3, 1859. After leaving congress, he resumed his practice in Red Wing. Phelps died in Spring Lake, Ottawa County, Michigan, on August 3, 1873. He was buried in Oakwood Cemetery, Red Wing.

Red Wing, Minnesota
Red Wing is a city in and the county seat of Goodhue County, Minnesota, United States, along the upper Mississippi River. The population was 16,547 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area.

The federal government established a Mdewakanton Sioux Indian reservation—now Prairie Island Indian Community—in 1936 along the Mississippi River. The city of Red Wing developed around it.

The National Trust for Historic Preservation placed Red Wing on its 2008 distinctive destinations list because of its "impressive architecture and enviable natural environment".
Alpha School
Alpha School is a private K–12 school network in the United States founded in 2014. The network uses a proprietary instructional model called 2 Hour Learning, which replaces traditional teachers with "guides" and relies on software‑based instruction. Tuition ranges from $40,000 to $75,000 per year. Alpha asserts that students progress more quickly than peers, but these claims rely on internal analyses and have not been independently verified. The school and its affiliated organizations have drawn scrutiny for governance practices involving interconnected for‑profit vendors, as well as for their academic claims. Organizations linked to the founders have submitted cyber‑charter school applications in several states, most of which have been denied.

Khan Academy
Khan Academy is an American educational nonprofit organization founded in 2008 by Sal Khan. The company was created with a goal of providing free, high-quality learning resources to students worldwide.

The platform offers instructional videos, practice exercises, academic assessments, and teacher tools across subjects such as mathematics, sciences, history, literature, economics, computer science, and test preparation. Lessons are delivered primarily through short videos accompanied by interactive practice. Research has shown that Khan Academy usage improves student performance.

The organization is funded primarily through philanthropic donations, allowing educational materials to remain free for learners.
Kidnapping and murder of Kenneth Bigley
Kenneth John Bigley (22 April 1942 – 7 October 2004) was a British civil engineer who was kidnapped by Islamic extremists in the al-Mansour district of Baghdad, Iraq, on 16 September 2004, along with his colleagues, U.S. citizens Jack Hensley and Eugene Armstrong. Following the murders of Hensley and Armstrong by beheading over the course of three days, Bigley was killed in the same manner two weeks later, despite the attempted intervention of the Muslim Council of Britain and the indirect intervention of the British government. Videos of the killings were posted on websites and blogs.

Mansour district
Al-Mansour or just Mansour  (Arabic: المنصور) is one of the nine administrative districts in Baghdad, Iraq. It is in western Baghdad and is bounded on the east by al-Karkh district in central Baghdad, to the north by Kadhimiya, to the west by Baghdad International Airport, and to the south by Baghdad Airport Road, on the other side of which is al-Rashid district.

The district is considered a model for the expansion of Baghdad. Beginning in the early 1950s, it became home to many of Baghdad's clubs, housing sites, shopping malls, employment centers, cultural activities, markets, private companies, and restaurants. It's also home to the 14th of Ramadan Street and al-Amirat Street which are important streets in Baghdad. Before 2003, the area was also home to government officials of Saddam Hussein's government and wealthy Sunni families. Thus after the 2003 invasion of Iraq, it became a stronghold for Sunni insurgent groups during the insurgency.
Cedar Bayou Plant
Cedar Bayou Plant  is a petrochemical manufacturing facility located in Baytown, Texas. It is the largest U.S. manufacturing facility of Chevron Phillips Chemical. The plant operates seven process units on approximately 1,400 acres producing ethylene, propylene, normal alpha olefins (NAO), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), and polyalphaolefins. Cedar Bayou Plant  opened in 1963 as Gulf Oil and was sold to Chevron Corp. in 1985. In 2000, Chevron Corp. and Phillips 66 merged their chemical businesses to form Chevron Phillips Chemical Company.

Cedar Bayou Plant  employs approximately 800 employees and 1,200 nested contractors.

Linear low-density polyethylene
Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) is a substantially linear polymer (polyethylene), with significant numbers of short branches, commonly made by copolymerization of ethylene with longer-chain olefins. Linear low-density polyethylene differs structurally from conventional low-density polyethylene (LDPE) because of the absence of long chain branching. The linearity of LLDPE results from the different manufacturing processes of LLDPE and LDPE. In general, LLDPE is produced at lower temperatures and pressures by copolymerization of ethylene and such higher alpha-olefins as butene, hexene, or octene. The amount of comonomer is typically in the range from 1 to 10%. The copolymerization process produces an LLDPE polymer that has a narrower molecular weight distribution than conventional LDPE and in combination with the linear structure, significantly different rheological properties.
Nicole Richardson
Nicole Richardson (born 26 June 1970) is an Australian former netball and softball player and current netball coach.

As a softballer, Richardson won a bronze medal for Australia at the 1996 Summer Olympics. She also represented Australia in netball, winning gold at the 2002 Commonwealth Games. Richardson played both centre and wing defence. She played seven seasons with the Melbourne Kestrels in the Commonwealth Bank Trophy. She was captain of the team from 2000 until 2003. She retired from netball in 2003. Since retiring from netball, Richardson has forged a distinctive coaching career. She coached Victorian representative teams at under 17, under 19 and under 21 levels, before becoming head coach of the Netball Australia Centre for Excellence team. During the mid-to-late 2010's, she was assistant coach at Super Netball teams West Coast Fever and Collingwood Magpies, and in 2021 she was appointed head coach of the Magpies.

Super Netball
Super Netball, also known as Super Netball League or its sponsored name Suncorp Super Netball (SSN) is a professional netball league in Australia. It superseded the trans-Tasman ANZ Championship, which also included teams from New Zealand, as the top-level netball league in Australia in 2017. Since 2019, the league has been governed on behalf of Netball Australia by an independent commission. Its main sponsor is Suncorp Group. Sunshine Coast Lightning were the inaugural Super Netball winners.
Breathless (Shayne Ward song)
"Breathless" is a song by English singer Shayne Ward. It was released on 19 November 2007 as the second and final single from his second studio album Breathless (2007). It peaked at number six on the UK Singles Chart.

Breathless (Shayne Ward album)
Breathless is the second studio album by English singer Shayne Ward. It was released through Syco Music and Sony BMG on 26 November 2007 in the United Kingdom. Ward reteamed with previous collaborators Rami Yacoub, Arnthor Birgisson and Savan Kotecha to work on most of the material. Additional producers on the album include Jonas Jeberg, Cutfather, AJ Junior, and Ryan Tedder.

The album earned largely mixed reviews from music critics but was commercially successful, debuting at number one on the Irish Albums Chart, while also reaching number two on the UK Albums Chart. Two singles were released from the album, one of which was a double A-side.  Breathless earned a platinum certification in the United Kingdom and went five times platinum in Ireland.