hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pia Nalli
Pia Maria Nalli (10 February 1886 – 27 September 1964) was an Italian mathematician known for her work on the summability of Fourier series, on Morera's theorem for analytic functions of several variables and for finding the solution to the Fredholm integral equation of the third kind for the first time. Her research interests ranged from algebraic geometry to functional analysis and tensor analysis; she was a speaker at the 1928 International Congress of Mathematicians.

She is also remembered for her struggles against discrimination against women in the Italian university hiring system. A street in Rome is named after her.

International Congress of Mathematicians
The International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM) is the largest conference for the topic of mathematics. It meets once every four years, hosted by the International Mathematical Union (IMU).

The Fields Medals, the IMU Abacus Medal (known before 2022 as the Nevanlinna Prize), the Gauss Prize, and the Chern Medal are awarded during the congress's opening ceremony. Each congress is memorialized by a printed set of Proceedings recording academic papers based on invited talks intended to be relevant to current topics of general interest. Being invited to talk at the ICM has been called "the equivalent ... of an induction to a hall of fame".
Tasmantrix fragilis
Tasmantrix fragilis is a moth of the family Micropterigidae from eastern Australia. It is known only from a single locality in the Shoalhaven catchment in New South Wales.

The forewing length is 2.7 mm for males.

City of Shoalhaven
The City of Shoalhaven is a local government area in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. The area is about 200 kilometres (120 mi) south of Sydney. The Princes Highway passes through the area, and the South Coast railway line traverses the northern section, terminating at Bomaderry. At the 2021 census, the population was 108,531.
The Wild Rose (1926 musical)
The Wild Rose is a musical in two acts with both book and lyrics co-authored by Otto Harbach and Oscar Hammerstein II, and music by Rudolf Friml. It should not be confused with the earlier 1902 musical, The Wild Rose, by Ludwig Engländer, Harry B. Smith and George V. Hobart.

George V. Hobart
George Vere Hobart (1867–1926) was a Canadian-American humorist who authored more than 50 musical comedy librettos and plays as well as novels and songs. At the time of his death, Hobart was "one of America's most popular humorists and playwrights". Hobart gained initial national fame for the "Dinkelspiel" letters, a weekly satirical column written in a German-American dialect. The Library of Congress includes several of his songs in the National Jukebox.

Hobart also wrote under the pseudonym Hugh McHugh. Many of his works were adapted into films.
Ducker
Ducker or Dücker is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Bruce Ducker (born 1938), American novelist, short story writer, and poet

Carl Gustaf Dücker (1663–1732), Swedish field marshal

Edward A. Ducker (1870–1946), Justice of the Supreme Court of Nevada

Eugen Dücker (1841–1916), romanticist Baltic German painter

George Ducker (1871–1952), Canadian soccer player

Jack M. Ducker (fl. 1910–1930), painter of Scottish highland landscapes

John Ducker (1932–2005), Australian labor leader and politician

John Ducker (cricketer) (born 1934), Australian cricketer

John Francis Christopher Ducker, real name of John Leeson (born 1943), English actor

John L. Ducker (1922–2014), American politician and attorney

Sophie Charlotte Ducker (1909–2004), German-born Australian botanist

Dücker family, a Swedish noble family

Eugen Dücker
Eugen Gustav Dücker (German pronunciation: [ˈɔʏɡeːn ˈɡʊstaːf ˈdʏkɐ, ˈɔʏɡn̩ -]; 10 February [O.S. 29 January] 1841 – 6 December 1916) was a German landscape painter, born a Russian Imperial subject on Saaremaa (then Governorate of Livonia, present-day Estonia), associated with the Düsseldorfer Malerschule.
Grímsson
Grímsson is a surname of Icelandic origin, meaning son of Grímur. In Icelandic names, the name is not strictly a surname, but a patronymic. The name refers to:

Grímur Grímsson, member of the Icelandic parliament

Lárus Halldór Grímsson (b. 1954), Icelandic musician, composer, and conductor

Ólafur Ragnar Grímsson (b. 1943), Icelandic politician; President of Iceland since 1996

Stefán Hörður Grímsson (1919–2002), Icelandic poet

Grímur Grímsson
Grímur Grímsson is an Icelandic politician from the Viðreisn party. In the 2024 Icelandic parliamentary election he was elected to the Althing.

He was a police officer for 40 years. He became the head of the police's central investigation department in February 2021.
2011–12 Rwanda National Football League
The 2011–12 Rwanda National Football League (known as the Primus National Football League for sponsorship reasons) was the 35th season of the Rwanda National Football League since it began in 1975. The league is the highest division in football in Rwanda, and the season began on 17 September 2011 and ended on 18 May 2012. Armée Patriotique Rwandaise, who began the season as the defending champions, extended their record number of titles to 13, stretching the gap between Rayon Sports' titles to 7. Nyanza and Espoir were both to be relegated at the end of the season, but due to the former's sponsors moving to Rayon Sports, they had to withdraw from the league and therefore the latter took their place.

APR F.C.
Armée Patriotique Rwandaise Football Club (APR FC or APR) is a professional football club from Kigali in Rwanda. The club plays their home games at Kigali Pelé Stadium. The club was founded in June 1993 as the team of the Rwandese Patriotic Front.
Jalmenus pseudictinus
Jalmenus pseudictinus, Macqueen's hairstreak, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is endemic to the northern Gulf, the north-east coast and the Murray–Darling basin in Queensland, Australia.

The wingspan is about 30 mm.

The larvae feed on various Acacia species, including A. flavescens and A. harpophylla, as well as Heterodendrum diversifolium and Alectryon connatus.

The caterpillars are attended by the ant species Froggattella kirbii.

Alectryon connatus
Alectryon connatus, sometimes named hairy alectryon, is a species of small tree in the plant family Sapindaceae.

They grow naturally in Australia, in eastern Queensland from the south-east to northernmost Cape York Peninsula, Western Australia, perhaps in north-eastern New South Wales, and in New Guinea. They grow in littoral rainforests, vine thickets, tropical monsoon forests (seasonal rainforests) and similar vegetation assemblages, in the lowlands. In the tropical uplands they are recorded up to 800 m (2,600 ft) altitude.
John II of Aragon
John II (Spanish: Juan II, Catalan: Joan II, Aragonese: Chuan II and Basque: Joanes II; 29 June 1398 – 20 January 1479), called the Great (el Gran) or the Faithless (el Sense Fe), was King of Aragon from 1458 until his death in 1479. As the husband of Queen Blanche I of Navarre, he was King of Navarre from 1425 to 1479. John was also King of Sicily from 1458 to 1468.

Aragonese language
Aragonese (/ˌærəɡəˈniːz/ ARR-ə-gə-NEEZ; aragonés [aɾaɣoˈnes] in Aragonese) is a Romance language spoken in several dialects by about 12,000 people as of 2011, in the Pyrenees valleys of Aragon, Spain, primarily in the comarcas of Somontano de Barbastro, Jacetania, Alto Gállego, Sobrarbe, and Ribagorza/Ribagorça. It is the only modern language which survived from medieval Navarro-Aragonese in a form distinct from Spanish.

Historically, people referred to the language as fabla ('talk' or 'speech'). Native Aragonese people usually refer to it by the names of its local dialects such as cheso (from Valle de Hecho) or patués (from the Benasque Valley).
Vladimir Krivošejev
Vladimir Krivošejev (Serbian Cyrillic: Владимир Кривошејев; born 28 December 1963) is a Serbian historian, culturologist, museologist, director of the National Museum in Valjevo, and assistant professor at the Singidunum University.

He graduated in 1989, majoring in history at the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, where he began graduate studies. He received a master's degree at the Faculty of Media and Culture, Megatrend University in marketing culture, and a doctorate from the Faculty of Dramatic Arts, University of Arts in Belgrade, at the Department of Management in culture, on topic of museum management.

In addition to museological activity, he is also involved in historiography and management culture. He is the author of several permanent exhibitions and thematic exhibitions, as well as dozens of bibliographic units (monographs, manuals, catalogs, guides, articles, discussions, presentations, etc.).

Megatrend University
Megatrend University (Serbian: Универзитет Мегатренд, romanized: Univerzitet Megatrend) is a private university located in New Belgrade, the city of Belgrade, Serbia. It was founded in 1989 as the Megatrend Business School, which later became Megatrend University.

In 2015, the Council of Megatrend University changed the name of the institution to University John Naisbitt, which was changed back two years later. In September 2024, Megatrend University lost its license to operate in Serbia.

The university has a negative reputation in Serbia for a series of controversies, including claims that it is a diploma mill, that it falsely advertised an international university network that does not exist, that its list of lecturers is false, and that it exaggerates its enrollment and other statistics.
Las Muñecas que hacen ¡pum!
Las Muñecas que hacen ¡pum! (The Dolls that go Boom!) is a 1979 Argentine film directed by Gerardo Sofovich.  The plot concerns two rival international organisations, one of which employs androids used as sex dolls.  The dolls are programmed to explode when the victim has sex with them.

Android (robot)
An android is a humanoid robot or other artificial being, often made from a flesh-like material. Historically, androids existed only in the domain of science fiction and were frequently seen in film and television, but advances in robot technology have allowed the creation of similar robots in real life.
Daphnandra apatela
Daphnandra apatela, the socketwood, light yellowwood or canary socketwood is a common rainforest tree in eastern Australia. It grows in the more fertile alluvial soils and basaltic soils. Distributed from the Watagan Mountains (31° S) in New South Wales to Miriam Vale (24° S) near Gladstone in Queensland.

Watagan Mountains
The Watagan Mountains, Watagans, or Wattagan Mountains is a mountain range that is part of the Great Dividing Range in the hinterlands of the Hunter and Central Coast regions of New South Wales, Australia. The range is situated between the Upper Hunter River catchment and the Tuggerah Lakes with close proximity to Lake Macquarie. The Watagans are a popular tourist location and are close to regional centres like Newcastle and Gosford.

The highest point is Mount Warrawolong which rises to 641 metres (2,103 ft) above sea level.

The Watagans are covered with tall eucalyptus forest and rainforest. There are several camping areas and four wheel drive roads. Some areas can be quite steep and remote, with risky areas of near wilderness.
Tactical Assault Camouflage
Tactical Assault Camouflage, also called TACAM, is a 2004 camouflage pattern exclusively used by the National Counterterrorism Center of the United States.

The pattern was designed as an experiment to show the ability of fractal patterns, breaking up a soldier's outline and symmetry. The fractal pattern and harsh geometric figures in the pattern meld well in urban and suburban areas, where it is used.

National Counterterrorism Center
The National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC) is a United States government organization responsible for national and international counterterrorism efforts. It is based at Liberty Crossing in McLean, Virginia. The NCTC advises the United States on terrorism.

Part of the Office of the Director of National Intelligence, the center brings together specialists from other federal agencies, including the CIA, the FBI, the Department of Defense, and the Department of Homeland Security.
Spirodela
Spirodela is a genus of aquatic plants, one of several genera containing plants commonly called duckweed.  Spirodela species are members of the Araceae under the APG II system. They were formerly members of the Lemnaceae.

APG II system
The APG II system (Angiosperm Phylogeny Group II system) of plant classification is the second, now obsolete, version of a modern, mostly molecular-based,  system of plant taxonomy that was published in April 2003 by the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group. It was a revision of the first APG system, published in 1998, and was superseded in 2009 by a further revision, the APG III system.
Callum Watson (skier)
Callum Watson (born 6 October 1989) is an Australian cross-country skier. He represented Australia at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia. He also competed in the 2015 world championships in Falun, Sweden.

In 2014, Watson recorded a VO2 max of 89.6ml/kg/min at the Australian Institute of Sport (AIS). This broke the record for AIS athletes previously held by Cadel Evans.

His older sister Aimee Watson also represented Australia in cross-country skiing at the 2014 Winter Olympics.

Australian Institute of Sport
The Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) is a high performance sports training institution in Australia. The institute's 66-hectare (163-acre) headquarters were opened in 1981 and are situated in the northern suburb of Bruce, Canberra. The AIS is a division of the Australian Sports Commission (ASC).
Bad Krozingen station
Bad Krozingen station is the most important station in the spa town of Bad Krozingen. It is located on the Rhine Valley Railway (Rheintalbahn) and the Bad Krozingen–Münstertal railway, which has started here since 1894.

Spa town
A spa town is a resort town based on a mineral spa (a developed mineral spring). Patrons may visit spas to "take the waters" for their purported health benefits.

Thomas Guidott set up a medical practice in the English town of Bath in 1668. He became interested in the curative properties of the hot mineral waters there and in 1676 wrote A discourse of Bathe, and the hot waters there. Also, Some Enquiries into the Nature of the water. This brought the purported health-giving properties of the waters to the attention of the aristocracy, who started to partake in them soon after.

The term spa is used for towns or resorts offering hydrotherapy, which can include cold water or mineral water treatments and geothermal baths, and comes from the Belgian town Spa.
Fincke
Fincke is the surname of:

Caspar Fincke (1584–1655), Bohemian-Danish court smith

Clarence Fincke (1874–1959), American football player and banker

Gödik Fincke (c. 1546–1617), Finnish-born Swedish nobleman and military officer

George Fincke (1953–2016), American Anglican bishop

Michael Fincke (born 1967), American astronaut

Thomas Fincke (1561–1656), Danish mathematician, physicist and professor

William Fincke (1878–1927), American football player, pacifist minister and educator

Caspar Fincke
Caspar Fincke (1584 – 9 February 1655) was a Bohemian-Danish court smith during the reigns of Christian IV and Frederick III. He has created some of the finest decorative metalwork for some of the most prominent buildings of the time, including Frederiksborg Castle, Kronborg Castle Christian IV's Chapel in Roskilde Cathedral and a number of churches around the country.
The Last Tinker: City of Colors
The Last Tinker: City of Colors is a 2014 German action-adventure-platform video game developed by Mimimi Productions. It was published by for Microsoft Windows, OS X and Linux on 12 May 2014. A PlayStation 4 version was handled by Loot Interactive, and released digitally on the PlayStation Store on August 19, 2014, in North America and August 20, 2014, in Europe and Australia. A retail version published by Dutch publisher Soedesco was released in May 2015 in Europe and in March 2016 in North America.

The player controls a young anthropomorphic monkey named Koru as he rises, using color and emotion, from his home in the slums of Colortown to stand against the "Bleakness", a force trying to wipe out all joy and life from the world. An Xbox One port of the game was planned, but was cancelled due to poor sales on the PlayStation 4 version.

PlayStation Store
PlayStation Store (PS Store) is a digital distribution service for users of Sony's PlayStation 3, PlayStation Vita, PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5 game consoles via PlayStation Network.

The store offers a range of downloadable content both for purchase and available free of charge. Available content includes full games, add-on content, playable demos, themes and game/movie trailers.
Albert Arlen
Albert Arlen AM (10 January 1905 – 24 March 1993) was a Turkish Australian pianist, composer, actor and playwright.  He is best known for his musical The Sentimental Bloke (to the poetry of C. J. Dennis), the "Alamein Concerto", and his setting of Banjo Paterson's Clancy of the Overflow.

Banjo Paterson
Andrew Barton "Banjo" Paterson (17 February 1864 – 5 February 1941) was an Australian bush poet, journalist and author, widely considered one of the greatest writers of Australia's colonial period.

Born in rural New South Wales, Paterson worked as a lawyer before transitioning into literature, where he quickly gained recognition for capturing the life of the Australian bush. A representative of the Bulletin School of Australian literature, Paterson wrote many of his best known poems for the nationalist journal The Bulletin, including "Clancy of the Overflow" (1889) and "The Man from Snowy River" (1890). His 1895 ballad "Waltzing Matilda" is regarded widely as Australia's unofficial national anthem and, according to the National Film and Sound Archive, has been recorded more than any other Australian song.
Kevin Foyle
Kevin Foyle (born 19 June 1962, in Hammersmith) is an English schoolmaster who was a county cricketer. He was a right-handed batsman and leg-break bowler who played for Wiltshire.

Foyle, who played in the Second XI Championship for Leicestershire and then Derbyshire between 1983 and 1986, played in the Minor Counties Championship for Wiltshire between 1988 and 1994. Foyle made his debut List A appearance for the team against Essex in 1988, and made two further appearances in the competition, in 1990 and 1993.

In the three innings he batted, he scored 22 runs, including a top score of 16 runs.

He was later headmaster of Northaw School.

Wiltshire County Cricket Club
Wiltshire County Cricket Club is one of twenty minor county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. Founded in 1893, it represents the historic county of Wiltshire.

The team is a member of the Minor Counties Championship Western Division and plays in the MCCA Knockout Trophy. Wiltshire played List A matches occasionally from 1964 until 2005 but is not classified as a List A team per se.

The club is a member of Wiltshire Cricket Limited, the governing body for cricket in the county.
Mbore language
Mbore (Borei, Mborei) a.k.a. Gamei (Gamai) is a Lower Ramu language of Papua New Guinea. It is spoken in the villages of Gamei (4°03′58″S 144°43′50″E﻿ / ﻿4.066061°S 144.730692°E﻿ / -4.066061; 144.730692﻿ (Gamei/Kopenarang)) and Boroi in Yawar Rural LLG, Bogia District, Madang Province.

Its closest relatives are the Watam and Kaian languages, both of which lie upriver from Kopar, a village situated at the mouth of the Sepik River.

Ramu languages
The Ramu languages are a family of some thirty languages of Northern Papua New Guinea. They were identified as a family by John Z'graggen in 1971 and linked with the Sepik languages by Donald Laycock two years later. Malcolm Ross (2005) classifies them as one branch of a Ramu – Lower Sepik language family. Z'graggen had included the Yuat languages, but that now seems doubtful.

With no comprehensive grammar yet available for any of the Ramu languages, the Ramu group remains one of the most poorly documented language groups in the Sepik-Ramu basin.
Marzan Dar
Marzan Dar (Persian: مرزان در, also Romanized as Marzān Dar) is a village in Kuh Shah Rural District, Ahmadi District, Hajjiabad County, Hormozgan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 103, in 29 families.

Hajjiabad County
Hajjiabad County (Persian: شهرستان حاجی‌آباد) is in Hormozgan province, Iran. Its capital is the city of Hajjiabad, about 100 km north of Bandar Abbas (the capital of the province), and best known for its citrus produce.
Machu Colca
Machu Colca, Machuqolqa or Machu Qollqa (from Quechua machu old, old person, qullqa, qulqa deposit, storehouse) is an archaeological site in Peru. It lies in the Cusco Region, Urubamba Province, Huayllabamba District, a few minutes outside of Chinchero. Machu Colca is situated at about 3,850 metres (12,631 ft) of elevation, above the left bank of the Urubamba River, near the village of Raqch'i (Raqchi).

The archeological site features 14 terraces with partial buildings, while the adjacent parking lot is lined with small handicraft stores and a Zip line park.

Zip line
A zip-line, zip line, zip-wire, flying fox, or death slide is a pulley suspended on a cable, usually made of stainless steel, mounted on a slope. It is designed to enable cargo or a person propelled by gravity to travel from the top to the bottom of the inclined cable by holding on to, or being attached to, the freely moving pulley. It has been described as essentially a Tyrolean traverse that engages gravity to assist its speed of movement. Its use is not confined to adventure sport, recreation, or tourism, although modern-day usage tends to favor those meanings.
Warren Davis Folkes
Warren Davis Folkes (January 4, 1898 – June 14, 1997) was a Louisiana politician who served in the Louisiana House of Representatives from 1944 to 1955, and from 1968 to 1976, and in the Louisiana State Senate from 1955 to 1968.

United States portal

Politics portal

Louisiana State Senate
The Louisiana State Senate (French: Sénat d'État de Louisiane; Spanish: Senado del Estado de Luisiana) is the upper house of the Louisiana State Legislature. Senators serve four-year terms and participate in various committees.
2,3-dihydroxyindole 2,3-dioxygenase
In enzymology, a 2,3-dihydroxyindole 2,3-dioxygenase (EC 1.13.11.23) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

2,3-dihydroxyindole + O2  anthranilate + CO2

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 2,3-dihydroxyindole and O2, whereas its two products are anthranilate and CO2.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on single donors with O2 as oxidant and incorporation of two atoms of oxygen into the substrate (oxygenases). The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2,3-dihydroxyindole:oxygen 2,3-oxidoreductase (decyclizing). This enzyme participates in tryptophan metabolism.

Tryptophan
Tryptophan (symbol Trp or W) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Tryptophan contains an α-amino group, an α-carboxylic acid group, and a side chain indole, making it a polar molecule with a non-polar aromatic beta carbon substituent. Tryptophan is also a precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin, the hormone melatonin, and vitamin B3 (niacin). It is encoded by the codon UGG.

Like other amino acids, tryptophan is a zwitterion at physiological pH where the amino group is protonated (–NH+3; pKa = 9.39) and the carboxylic acid is deprotonated ( –COO−; pKa = 2.38).

Humans and many animals cannot synthesize tryptophan: they need to obtain it through their diet, making it an essential amino acid.

Tryptophan is named after the digestive enzymes trypsin, which were used in its first isolation from casein proteins. It was assigned the one-letter symbol W based on the double ring being visually suggestive to the bulky letter.