hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chiral homology
In mathematics, chiral homology, introduced by Alexander Beilinson and Vladimir Drinfeld, is, in their words, "a “quantum” version of (the algebra of functions on) the space of global horizontal sections of an affine -scheme (i.e., the space of global solutions of a system of non-linear differential equations)."

Jacob Lurie's topological chiral homology gives an analog for manifolds.

Jacob Lurie
Jacob Alexander Lurie (born December 7, 1977) is an American mathematician who is a professor at the Institute for Advanced Study. In 2014, Lurie received a MacArthur Fellowship. Lurie's research interests are algebraic geometry, topology, and homotopy theory.
Elia Carranza
Elia Carranza (born 17 October 1990) is an American professional boxer. She challenged unbeaten champion Oshae Jones for the IBF and IBO female super-welterweight titles at The Tabernacle in Atlanta, Georgia, on 25 July 2025, losing on a split decision with the judges' scorecards reading 100–90, 92–98 and 94–96. Away from boxing, Carranza is a police officer with the Broward County Sheriff's Office in Florida.

Broward County Sheriff's Office
The Broward County Sheriff's Office (BSO) is one of the nation's largest full-service public safety agencies with over 5,400 employees, including nearly 3,400 sworn law enforcement officers, detention deputies, and fire rescue personnel. Sheriff Gregory Tony heads the agency.

BSO was one of the United States' largest fully-accredited sheriff's offices before losing accreditation (by unanimous vote) in 2019.
Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation
Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation (AWWP) is a privately owned zoological facility in central Qatar near Al-Shahaniya founded by Qatari Prince Saud bin Muhammed Al Thani. The preservation accommodates the World Heritage Cycad Gene Bank (WHCGB), which operates in conjunction under formal agreement with several overseas national governments to protect both in situ and ex situ this family of prehistoric plants. The preserve is home to roughly 2,000 animals and has a staff of over 200. It occupies 2.5 square kilometers of land, including a 1,000-square-meter state of the art climate controlled greenhouse.

The preserve is known for breeding endangered and threatened species of animals and vascular plants, including the beira antelope, golden-headed lion tamarin, dibatag, Encephalartos, Sudan cheetah and North African ostrich. It is most noted for its breeding of Spix's macaw, one of the rarest bird species in the world.

North African ostrich
The North African ostrich, red-necked ostrich, or Barbary ostrich (Struthio camelus camelus) is the nominate subspecies of the common ostrich from West and North Africa. It has the largest average size among the subspecies of ostriches, making it the largest living bird.
Loma (microsporidian)
Loma is a genus of microsporidian parasites, infecting fish. The taxonomic position of Loma in the family Glugeidae has been questioned by DNA sequencing results.

Species include

Loma acerinae – formerly placed in Glugea

Loma branchialis – the type species

Loma camerounensis – a parasite of the cichlid fish, Oreochromis niloticus

Loma dimorpha

Loma morhua

Loma myriophis – parasite of the ophichthid fish, Myrophis platyrhynchus

Loma salmonae – a parasite of Pacific salmon, Oncorhynchus spp.

Loma trichiuri - a parasite of a marine trichiurid fish, Trichiurus savala

Ophichthidae
Ophichthidae is a family of fish in the order Anguilliformes, commonly known as the snake eels. The term "Ophichthidae" comes from Greek ophis ("serpent") and ichthys ("fish"). Snake eels are also burrowing eels.  They are named for their physical appearance, as they have long, cylindrical, snake-like bodies. This family is found worldwide in tropical to warm temperate waters. They inhabit a wide range of habitats, from coastal shallows and even rivers, to depths below 800 m (2,600 ft). Most species are bottom dwellers, hiding in mud or sand to capture their prey of crustaceans and small fish, but some are pelagic.

These species range in total length from 5 cm (2.0 in) to 2.3 m (7.5 ft) or more. Many species lack fins altogether, improving their ability to burrow into the substrate like worms. They are often spotted or striped in colour, mimicking the appearance of venomous sea snakes to deter predators. Often, they are washed ashore by large storms.
Fantasyland: How America Went Haywire
Fantasyland: How America Went Haywire; A 500-Year History is an American non-fiction book written by Kurt Andersen and published in 2017. Fantasyland debuted on the New York Times bestseller list at number 3 and at number 5 on the Washington Post and Publishers Weekly bestseller lists (hardcover non-fiction).  Andersen has said that he had been thinking about the topic of Americans becoming "too accommodating to belief" for several years, but that the derisive term "reality-based community" was "a wake-up call" that motivated him to write Fantasyland.

Reality-based community
Reality-based community is a derisive term for people who base judgments on facts. It was first attributed to a senior official working for U.S. president George W. Bush by the reporter Ron Suskind in 2004. Many American liberals adopted the label for themselves, using it to portray themselves as adhering to facts in contrast to conservatives presumed to be disregarding professional and scientific expertise.
Alsophila lepidoclada
Alsophila lepidoclada is a species of tree fern native to central and eastern New Guinea, where it is locally common in rainforest and mossy forest at an elevation of 200–1,000 metres (660–3,280 ft) above sea level. The trunk of this species is erect and usually 2–3 m tall. Fronds are bipinnate, about 1.5 m in length, and form a sparse crown. The stipe bears blunt spines and scales towards the base. These scales are glossy, dark brown in colouration, and have a paler, thin margin. The round sori are borne in groups of four to five per fertile segment. They are covered by deep, firm indusia that are cup-like in appearance.

Cyatheales
The order Cyatheales, which includes most tree ferns, is a taxonomic order of the fern class, Polypodiopsida. No clear morphological features characterize all of the Cyatheales, but DNA sequence data indicate the order is monophyletic. Some species in the Cyatheales have tree-like growth forms from a vertical rhizome, others have shorter or horizontal expanding rhizomes.

Some species have scales on the stems and leaves, while others have hairs. However, most plants in the Cyatheales are tree ferns and have trunk-like stems up to 10 metres (33 ft) tall. It is unclear how many times the tree form has evolved and been lost in the order.
Holocaust studies
Holocaust studies, or sometimes Holocaust research, is a scholarly discipline that encompasses the historical research and study of the Holocaust. Institutions dedicated to Holocaust research investigate the multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary aspects of Holocaust methodology, demography, sociology, and psychology. It also covers the study of Nazi Germany, World War II, Jewish history, antisemitism, religion, Christian-Jewish relations, Holocaust theology, ethics, social responsibility, and genocide on a global scale. Exploring trauma, memories, and testimonies of the experiences of Holocaust survivors, human rights, international relations, Jewish life, Judaism, and Jewish identity in the post-Holocaust world are also covered in this type of research.

Fritz Bauer
Fritz Bauer (16 July 1903 – 1 July 1968) was a German Jewish judge and prosecutor. He played an instrumental role in the post-war capture of former Holocaust planner Adolf Eichmann, and in bringing about the Frankfurt Auschwitz trials.
Chuck Shelton
Charles Shelton (August 16, 1935 – February 13, 2020) was an American college football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at  Drake University from 1977 until 1985, at Utah State University from 1986 to 1992, and at University of the Pacific in Stockton, California from 1992 to 1995, compiling a career college football coaching record of 81–127–1.  He was the head coach at two schools, Drake and Pacific, when they canceled their football program. Drake brought it back for the 1987 school year, but Shelton had already left as head coach.  Shelton was born in Rolla, Missouri and led the state of Missouri in rushing in 1954. During the 1954 season he averaged more than 12 yards per carry, and led his team to an undefeated season.

Rolla, Missouri
Rolla (/ˈrɒlə/) is a city in and the county seat of Phelps County, Missouri, United States.  Its population in the 2020 United States Census was 19,943.  It is approximately midway between St. Louis and Springfield along I-44. Its micropolitan statistical area consists of Phelps County, Missouri. Nearby is an inactive township (Rolla Township).

It is the home of the Missouri University of Science and Technology, well known for its many engineering departments and computer science department.

The headquarters of the Mark Twain National Forest is in Rolla. The city is also within the Ozark Highlands American Viticultural Area, with vineyards first established by Italian immigrants to the area.
Karel 5
Karel 5 is a restaurant in the Grand Hotel Karel V in Utrecht, the Netherlands. The restaurant was awarded a Michelin star in 2023. Head chef is Leon Mazairac. In the past Restaurant Karel 5 was located in this hotel. That restaurant opened in 1999 and held a Michelin star from 2005 to 2013 after which it was closed and replaced by a bistro.

Grand Hotel Karel V
The Grand Hotel Karel V is a hotel in Utrecht, Netherlands. It is located in the Duitse Huis complex of buildings, including part of the old monastery of the Bailiwick of Utrecht of the Teutonic Knights founded in 1348. Most of the rooms and suites are in a former military hospital, which dates from 1823 and has been carefully renovated, or in the modern Roman wing opened in 2008. The hotel contains a Roman-themed health center, conference rooms, a bar, brasserie and the Grand Restaurant Karel V. It is set in extensive grounds.
Bélgica Carmona Cabrera
Bélgica Nabil Carmona Cabrera (born 1 January 1987) is a Mexican politician from the Party of the Democratic Revolution. From 2009 to 2012, she served as Deputy of the LXI Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Oaxaca.

Party of the Democratic Revolution
The Party of the Democratic Revolution (Spanish: Partido de la Revolución Democrática [paɾˈtiðo ðe la reβoluˈsjon demoˈkɾatika], PRD) is a state-level social democratic political party in Mexico (previously national, until 2024). The PRD originated from the Democratic Current, a political faction formed in 1986 from the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). The PRD was formed after the contested general election in 1988, which the PRD's immediate predecessor, the National Democratic Front, believed was rigged by the PRI. This sparked a movement away from the PRI's authoritarian rule.

As of 2023, the PRD was a member of the Fuerza y Corazón por México (Strength and Heart for Mexico) coalition. Internationally, the PRD was a member of the Progressive Alliance. The members of the party are known colloquially in Mexico as Perredistas. In 2024, the party failed to reach the necessary percentage of votes to keep its registration as a national political party.
USS Klakring
USS Klakring (FFG-42), an Oliver Hazard Perry class frigate, was a ship of the United States Navy named for Rear Admiral Thomas B. Klakring (1904–1975), who was awarded three Navy Crosses as commander of the submarine USS Guardfish during World War II.

USS Mississippi (CGN-40)
USS Mississippi (CGN-40), a Virginia-class nuclear-powered guided-missile cruiser, was the fourth ship of the United States Navy named in honor of the 20th state admitted to the Union. Her keel was laid down by the Newport News Shipbuilding and Drydock Company at Newport News, Virginia, on 22 February 1975. She was launched on 31 July 1976. The ship was commissioned on 5 August 1978 by Jimmy Carter, then serving as the 39th president of the United States. Early deployment included escorting the carrier USS Nimitz. She also was deployed in 1989 as a response to the capture and subsequent murder of U.S. Marine Corps Colonel William R. Higgins by terrorists.
RpoS
The gene rpoS (RNA polymerase, sigma S, also called katF) encodes the sigma factor sigma-38 (σ38, or RpoS), a 37.8 kD protein in Escherichia coli. Sigma factors are proteins that regulate transcription in bacteria. Sigma factors can be activated in response to different environmental conditions. rpoS is transcribed in late exponential phase, and RpoS is the primary regulator of stationary phase genes. RpoS is a central regulator of the general stress response and operates in both a retroactive and a proactive manner: it not only allows the cell to survive environmental challenges, but it also prepares the cell for subsequent stresses (cross-protection). The transcriptional regulator CsgD is central to biofilm formation, controlling the expression of the curli structural and export proteins, and the diguanylate cyclase, adrA, which indirectly activates cellulose production. The rpoS gene most likely originated in the gammaproteobacteria.

Diguanylate cyclase
In enzymology, diguanylate cyclase, also known as diguanylate kinase (EC 2.7.7.65), is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction:

2 Guanosine triphosphate ↔ 2 diphosphate + cyclic di-3',5'-guanylate

The substrates of diguanylate cyclases (DGCs) are two molecules of guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and the products are two molecules of diphosphate and one molecule of cyclic di-3’,5’-guanylate (cyclic di-GMP).

Degradation of cyclic di-GMP to guanosine monophosphate (GMP) is catalyzed by a phosphodiesterase (PDE).
Blackheath, New South Wales
Blackheath (postcode: 2785) is a town located near the highest point of the Blue Mountains, between Katoomba and Mount Victoria in New South Wales, Australia. The town's altitude is about 1,065 m (3,494 ft) AHD and it is located about 120 km (75 mi) west north-west of Sydney, 11 km (6.8 mi) north-west of Katoomba, and about 30 km (19 mi) south-east of Lithgow.

Blackheath has a vibrant artistic community and hosts two monthly markets – the Blackheath Growers Market and The Blackheath Community Market, as well as annual Christmas markets, antique markets and bimonthly craft markets. The town has many community activities, such as the Blackheath Philosophy Forum, which was founded in 2002 to arrange public discussion forums on philosophy and related topics.

As Blackheath has grown, more and more shops have appeared. Various shops from the late 1800s still stand in Blackheath.

Postcodes in Australia
Postcodes in Australia are used to more efficiently sort and route mail in the Australian postal system. Postcodes in Australia have four digits and are placed at the end of the Australian address, before the country. Postcodes were introduced in Australia in 1967 by the Postmaster-General's Department and are now managed by Australia Post, Australia's national postal service. Postcodes are published in booklets available from post offices or online from the Australia Post website.

Australian envelopes and postcards often have four boxes printed in orange at the bottom right for the postcode. These are used to assist with the automated sorting of mail that has been addressed by hand for Australian delivery.
Aleksandr Eiduk
Aleksandr Vladimirovich Eiduk (Russian: Александр Владимирович Эйдук, Latvian: Aleksandrs Eiduks, 1886–1938) was a Soviet Cheka operative and poet of Latvian ethnicity. During the Great Purge, Eiduk was arrested and shot as a part of the so-called "Latvian Operation" by the NKVD on August 28, 1938. He was rehabilitated in 1956.

Latvians
Latvians (Latvian: latvieši) are a Baltic ethnic group and nation native to Latvia and the immediate geographical region, the Baltics. They are occasionally also referred to as Letts, especially in older bibliography. Latvians share a common Latvian language, culture, history and ancestry.
Joey Hensley
Joey Hensley (born July 28, 1955) is an American politician and a Republican member of the Tennessee Senate representing District 28 since January 8, 2013. Hensley served consecutively in the Tennessee General Assembly from January 2003 until January 8, 2013, in the Tennessee House of Representatives District 70 seat.

Tennessee House of Representatives
The Tennessee House of Representatives is the lower house of the Tennessee General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Tennessee. The House convenes, along with the Senate, at the Tennessee State Capitol in Nashville.
Chapter VII: Hope & Sorrow
Chapter VII: Hope & Sorrow is the seventh studio album by the American rock band Sevendust. It was released on April 1, 2008, through the band's own label, 7 Bros. Records, in conjunction with Warner Music Group's Independent Label Group. It was also the last album to feature guitarist Sonny Mayo, who was replaced by original guitarist Clint Lowery before its release. The album features guest appearances by Chris Daughtry (Daughtry), Myles Kennedy (Alter Bridge, Slash), and Mark Tremonti (Alter Bridge, Tremonti, Creed).

Tremonti (band)
Tremonti is an American heavy metal band founded and fronted by lead vocalist and guitarist Mark Tremonti, best known as the lead guitarist of the rock bands Creed and Alter Bridge. The band also consists of rhythm guitarist Eric Friedman, bassist Tanner Keegan and drummer Ryan Bennett. Bassist Wolfgang Van Halen and drummer Garrett Whitlock are former members of the band. Mark Tremonti's Creed and Alter Bridge bandmate Brian Marshall was also a member in 2012.

What originally started as a Mark Tremonti solo project evolved into a fully fledged band that has released six studio albums: All I Was in 2012, Cauterize in 2015, Dust in 2016, A Dying Machine in 2018, Marching in Time in 2021, and The End Will Show Us How in 2025. The band's music is a departure from Mark Tremonti's main bands, featuring more of a thrash metal influence with melodic vocals.
Recovery (1811 ship)
Recovery was a merchant ship built at Batavia in 1799 and taken in prize circa 1811. She made two voyages transporting convicts from England to Australia and one from Ireland to Australia. She also made two voyages for the British East India Company (EIC). She was last listed in 1847.

Prize (law)
In admiralty law, prizes (from the Old French prise, "taken, seized") are equipment, vehicles, vessels, and cargo captured during armed conflict. The most common use of prize in this sense is the capture of an enemy ship and its cargo as a prize of war. In the past, the capturing force would commonly be allotted a share of the worth of the captured prize. Nations often granted letters of marque that would entitle private parties to capture enemy property, usually ships. Once the ship was secured on friendly territory, it would be made the subject of a prize case: an in rem proceeding in which the court determined the status of the condemned property and the manner in which the property was to be disposed of.
2008 Saint John River flood
The 2008 Saint John River flood was considered the worst flooding of the Saint John River in 35 years. Flood levels reached 27 feet and 4 inches in Fredericton on May 1, almost reaching the previous record of 28 feet and 3 inches, set in 1973. Flooding was attributed to the melting of record snowfall from the 2007-2008 winter and heavy rain during the melting season. Fifty streets in Fredericton area were closed as a result of the flooding. The flooding caused severe damage in areas of northern Maine and western New Brunswick including international bridges and hundreds of homes and buildings.

By May 3, the Canadian Red Cross had registered 680 residents who had been forced to evacuate from their homes. An additional 600 residences were evacuated in Maine.

Canadian Red Cross
The Canadian Red Cross Society (French: La Société canadienne de la Croix-Rouge) is a Canadian humanitarian charitable organization, and one of 192 national Red Cross and Red Crescent societies.  The organization receives funding from both private donations and from Canadian government departments.

The Canadian Red Cross trains volunteers in emergency response, disaster response, and disaster assistance, and provides injury prevention services such as outdoor activities safety and first aid training. The society, through the international network of the Red Cross, helps the world's vulnerable populations, including victims of armed conflicts and communities destroyed by disasters. The Canadian Red Cross also handled the Canadian blood supply, until that responsibility was taken away from them in the aftermath of the tainted blood scandal.

The current Secretary General and Chief Executive Officer of the Canadian Red Cross is Conrad Sauvé.
Lion Scout
Lion Scout can refer to several ranks in Scout organizations around the world:

Lion Scout, the highest rank in The Kenya Scouts Association

Lion Scout, the highest rank in the Iran Scout Organization until 1979

Lion Scout rank in the Scouts of China

Lion Scout, a rank in the Cub Scouting program of the Boy Scouts of America

Iran Scout Organization
Iran Scout Organization (Persian: سازمان پیشاهنگی ایران, Sazman-e Pishahengi-ye Iran) was founded in 1925 under the rule of Reza Shah Pahlavi. 
Currently Iran is one of 29 countries where Scouting exists (be it embryonic or widespread) but where there is no National Scout Organization which is a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement at the present time.
Bâlteni
Bâlteni is a commune in Gorj County, Oltenia, Romania. It is composed of five villages: Bâlteni, Cocoreni, Moi, Peșteana-Jiu, and Vlăduleni.

The commune is situated 228 kilometres (142 mi) west of Bucharest, 18 kilometres (11 mi) south of Târgu Jiu, and 74 kilometres (46 mi) north-west of Craiova.

Oltenia
Oltenia (Romanian pronunciation: [olˈtenia]), also called Lesser Wallachia in antiquated versions – with the alternative Latin names Wallachia Minor, Wallachia Alutana, and Wallachia Caesarea between 1718 and 1739 – is a historical province and geographical region of Romania in western Wallachia. It is situated between the Danube, the Southern Carpathians and the Olt river.
Marco Sullivan
Marco Sullivan (born April 27, 1980) is a former World Cup alpine ski racer from the United States.  Born in Truckee, California, he competed primarily in the speed events of Downhill and Super G.

Sullivan competed in the 2002 and 2010 Winter Olympics, and four World Championships. He won one World Cup race, a downhill in Chamonix, France, in January 2008.

United States Ski Team
The U.S. Ski Team, operating under the auspices of U.S. Ski & Snowboard, develops and supports men's and women's athletes in the sports of alpine skiing, freestyle skiing, cross-country, ski jumping, and Nordic combined. Since 1974 the team and association have been headquartered in Park City, Utah.

These individuals represent the best athletes in the country for their respective sports and compete as a team at the national, world and Olympic level.