hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ecclesiastical capital
The religious capital or ecclesiastical capital of a region is a place considered pre-eminent by the adherents of a particular religion within that region. This is most often significant for the region's predominant religion or state religion, if any. The administrative headquarters of an organised religion may be centralised in a particular location; for example, Rome for the Catholic Church, or Salt Lake City for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. In an episcopal church, the site of the cathedral of the primate bishop of an area may be considered its ecclesiastical capital; for example, Armagh is the seat of the primate of All Ireland in both the Catholic church and the Anglican church. Others may be places of pilgrimage, such as Jerusalem for the Abrahamic religions, Mecca for Islam, and Varanasi for Hinduism; or considered religious capitals by being centres of learning, such as Qom for Shia Islam in Iran.

Episcopal polity
An episcopal polity, also known as episcopalianism, is a hierarchical form of church governance in which the chief local authorities are called bishops. The word "bishop" here is derived via the British Latin and Vulgar Latin term *ebiscopus/*biscopus, from Ancient Greek  ἐπίσκοπος (epískopos) 'overseer'. It is the structure used by many of the major Christian Churches and denominations, such as the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Church of the East, Anabaptist, Lutheran, and Anglican churches or denominations, and other churches founded independently from these lineages. Many Methodist denominations have a form of episcopal polity known as connexionalism.
Quitralco Fjord
Quitralco Fjord (Spanish: Estero Quitralco or Fiordo Quitralco) is a fjord in Aysén Region, Chile. The fjord from Moraleda Channel in the southwest to the Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault in the northwest. Indeed, at the head of the fjord there is an underwater fault scarp of Liquiñe-Ofqui Fault. Mate Grande Volcano lies a few kilometers to the northeast of the fjord's head and Mount Hudson Volcano is visible from the fjord. There are hot springs along the fjord. Most of the near-shore vegetation is made op of ferns and bushes. Trees that grow around the fjord include Nothofagus dombeyi (coigüe) and Drimys winteri (canelo).

Fault scarp
A fault scarp is a small step-like offset of the ground surface in which one side of a fault has shifted vertically in relation to the other. The topographic expression of fault scarps results from the differential erosion of rocks of contrasting resistance and the displacement of land surface by movement along the fault. Differential movement and erosion may occur either along older inactive geologic faults, or recent active faults.
Bill Terry (author)
Billy Terry (born 20th century) is a Canadian writer and an executive with the Canadian  Broadcasting Corporation.

He specializes in plant propagation and has lectured at North Vancouver's Capilano University continuing-education program.

He has written books, including Blue Heaven: Encounters with the Blue Poppy (2009); Beyond Beauty: Hunting the Wild Blue Poppy (2012); Beauty by Design: Inspired Gardening in the Pacific Northwest (2013, co-written with his wife, Rosemary Bates); and The Carefree Garden: Letting Nature Play Her Part (2015).

Plant propagation
Plant propagation is the process by which new plants grow from various sources, including seeds, cuttings, and other plant parts. Plant propagation can refer to both man-made and natural processes.

Propagation typically occurs as a step in the overall cycle of plant growth. For seeds, it happens after ripening and dispersal; for vegetative parts, it happens after detachment or pruning; for asexually-reproducing plants, such as strawberry, it happens as the new plant develops from existing parts.

Countless plants are propagated each day in horticulture and agriculture.

Plant propagation is vital to agriculture and horticulture, not just for human food production but also for forest and fibre crops,  as well as traditional and herbal medicine. It is also important for plant breeding.
Vogulka
The Vogulka (Russian: Вогулка) is a river in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, a left tributary of Sylva which in turn is a tributary of Chusovaya. The river is 113 kilometres (70 mi) long, and its drainage basin covers 983 square kilometres (380 sq mi). The main tributaries are the Maly Lip, Bolshoy Lip, Biz, Yurmys, and Kuara (right).

Sverdlovsk Oblast
Sverdlovsk Oblast (Russian: Свердловская область, romanized: Sverdlovskaya oblast, [ʹsvʲɪrdˈlofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia located in the Ural Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Yekaterinburg, formerly known as "Sverdlovsk". Its population is 4,268,998 (according to the 2021 Census).
Social and Economic Council
The Social and Economic Council (Dutch: Sociaal-Economische Raad, SER) is a major economic advisory council to the cabinet of the Netherlands. Formally it heads a system of sector-based regulatory organisations. It represents the social partners trade unions and employers' organisations. It forms the core organisation of the corporatist and social market economy known as the polder model and the main platform for social dialogue.

Ex officio member
An ex officio member is a member of a body (notably a board, committee, or council) who is part of it by virtue of holding another office. The term ex officio is Latin, meaning literally 'from the office', and the sense intended is 'by right of office'; its use dates back to the Roman Republic.

According to Robert's Rules of Order, the term denotes only how one becomes a member of a body. Accordingly, the rights of an ex officio member are exactly the same as other members unless otherwise stated in regulations or bylaws. It relates to the notion that the position refers to the position the ex officio holds, rather than the individual that holds the position. In some groups, ex officio members may frequently abstain from voting.

Opposite notions are dual mandate, when the same person happens to hold two offices or more, although these offices are not in themselves associated; and personal union, when two states share the same monarch.
Machowino-Kolonia
Machowino-Kolonia [maxɔˈvinɔ kɔˈlɔɲa zaˈxɔdɲa] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Ustka, within Słupsk County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 9 kilometres (6 mi) south-east of Ustka, 11 km (7 mi) north of Słupsk, and 110 km (68 mi) west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Ustka
Ustka (Polish pronunciation: [ˈustka], Kashubian: Ùskô, German: Stolpmünde) is a spa town in the Middle Pomerania region of northern Poland with 17,100 inhabitants (2001). It is part of Słupsk County in Pomeranian Voivodeship. It is located on the Slovincian Coast on the Baltic Sea. It is a port town and popular summer seaside resort of Poland.
De la Rochejacquelein
Vergier de La Rochejacquelein is the name of an ancient French noble family of the Vendée, celebrated for its devotion to the House of Bourbon during and after the French Revolution. 
Its original name was Duverger, derived from a fief near Bressuire in Poitou, and its pedigree is traceable back to the 13th century.

Vendée
Vendée (French pronunciation: [vɑ̃de] ⓘ) is a department in the Pays de la Loire region in Western France, on the Atlantic coast. In 2019, it had a population of 685,442. Its prefecture is La Roche-sur-Yon.
Michael Lipton
Michael Lipton CMG FBA (13 February 1937 – 1 April 2023) was an English development studies economist specializing in the study of rural poverty in developing countries, including issues relating to land reform and urban bias. He spent much of his career at the University of Sussex, but also contributed to the work of international institutions, such as the World Bank's 2000/2001 World Development Report on poverty.

Lipton was a reader, then a professorial fellow at the university's Institute of Development Studies 1967–94, and later research professor at the University of Sussex's Poverty Research Unit, which he founded.

Research fellow
A research fellow is an academic research position at a university or a similar research institution, usually for academic staff or faculty members. A research fellow may act either as an independent investigator or under the supervision of a principal investigator.

Research fellow positions vary in different countries and academic institutions.
Andy Whittall
Andrew Richard Whittall (born 19 March 1973) is a former Zimbabwean international cricketer who played in 10 Test matches and 63 One Day Internationals between 1996 and 2000. He made his Test and ODI debuts against Sri Lanka in September 1996.

Zimbabwe national cricket team
The Zimbabwe men's national cricket team, also known as the Chevrons, represents Zimbabwe in men's international cricket and is overseen by Zimbabwe Cricket. Zimbabwe has been a full member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) since 1992. As of October 2025, Zimbabwe was ranked 11th by the ICC in all three formats of the game: Tests, One Day Internationals (ODIs) and Twenty20 internationals (T20Is).
Buckland House
Buckland House is a large Georgian stately home, the manor house of Buckland in Oxfordshire, England (formerly in Berkshire). It is a masterpiece of Palladian architecture erected by John Wood, the Younger for Sir Robert Throckmorton in 1757 to replace a previous manor house.

Buckland House has nine bays, the three central ones being narrow on each of its three storeys. Two wings of lower height adjoining connected by narrow galleries.  The building overlooks a landscaped park, which includes gardens, a cricket ground and a 150-acre (61 ha) deer park.  Buckland House is a Grade II* listed building. Nikolaus Pevsner described it as "the most splendid Georgian house in the Country", It is rumoured that a ghost of a white lady haunts the house.

The previous manor house, Buckland Manor House, also a Grade II* listed building, was converted into stables in 1797 and is in the park.

White Lady
A White Lady (or woman in white) is a type of female ghost. She is typically dressed in a white dress or similar garment, reportedly seen in rural areas and associated with local legends of tragedy. White Lady legends are found in many countries around the world. Common to many of these legends is an accidental or impending death, murder, or suicide and the theme of loss, betrayed by a husband or fiancé, and unrequited love.
Springfield, Queensland
Springfield is a suburb in the City of Ipswich, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, Springfield had a population of 7,322 people.  Springfield is in proximity of the nearby suburbs Springfield Lakes and Springfield Central.

City of Ipswich
The City of Ipswich is a local government area (LGA) located within the southwest of Greater Brisbane, which in turn, is situated within the vast South East region of the state of Queensland. Positioned between the City of Brisbane and the City of Logan to the east and the Scenic Rim Region to the south, the City of Ipswich also borders the Somerset and Lockyer Valley regions to the north and west, respectively. Ipswich is generally taken to include the urban area encompassing the historical city of Ipswich and the surrounding rural areas. By the 2021 census, the City of Ipswich, as a local government area, had a population of 229,208 people.
William S. Wysong
William Sidney Wysong (born Hamlin, West Virginia, February 13, 1876; died Beard Heights, West Virginia, April 26, 1963) was an American lawyer and politician. He served as the 21st Attorney General of West Virginia from May 25, 1942, to January 13, 1943.

Hamlin, West Virginia
Hamlin is a town in and the county seat of Lincoln County, West Virginia, United States, along the Mud River. The population was recorded as 1,040 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Huntington–Ashland metropolitan area.
The Oyster Meal
The Oyster Meal is an oil on canvas genre painting by the Dutch Golden Age artist Jacob Ochtervelt, dated to around 1664–65.  It depicts a man offering a plate of oysters to a woman he is trying to seduce.

The painting was stolen from a bank vault in the Netherlands in 1945, and identified as Nazi plunder while held by the City of London Corporation in 2017.  After its return to the descendants of its former owners, it was sold by Sotheby's in 2018 for £1.6m, with the auction catalogue describing it as "one of Ochtervelt's finest surviving works".

Jan Steen
Jan Havickszoon Steen (c. 1626 – buried 3 February 1679) was a Dutch Golden Age painter, one of the leading genre painters of the 17th century. His works are known for their psychological insight, sense of humour and abundance of colour. Their satire also mocks the behavior and attitudes of the Dutch bourgeoisie.
Ammakkoru Tharattu
Ammakkoru Tharattu  is a 2015 Indian Malayalam film written and directed by Sreekumaran Thampi. It stars Sharada, Madhu, Suraj Venjarammoodu, Manju Pillai, Bindu Panicker, Manikandan Pattambi, Sai Kumar, P. Sreekumar, Indrans, Mamukkoya in the lead roles.

Mamukkoya
Mamukkoya (5 July 1946 – 26 April 2023) was an Indian actor known for his work predominately in Malayalam cinema. He mostly appeared in comedic roles. His unique usage of Kozhikode dialect and style marked his presence in the industry. In a career spanning over four decades, Mamukkoya acted in more than 450 Malayalam films and was the first winner of the State award for best comedian in Malayalam cinema.
East Waterford
East Waterford was a United Kingdom Parliament constituency in Ireland, returning one Member of Parliament from 1885 to 1918.

Prior to the 1885 United Kingdom general election and after the dissolution of Parliament in 1918 the area was part of the County Waterford constituency.

1885 United Kingdom general election
The 1885 United Kingdom general election was held from 24 November to 18 December 1885. The first general election after an extension of the franchise and redistribution of seats, it saw the Liberals lose their majority.

The election saw the Liberals, led by William Gladstone, win the most seats, but not an overall majority, so a minority government was necessary. The Irish Nationalists held the balance of power between the Liberals and the Conservatives who sat with a large number of allied Unionist MPs (their name referred to their support for the Union of Great Britain and Ireland). The pressure of minority government status exacerbated divisions within the Liberals over Irish Home Rule. This led to a Liberal split that caused another general election the following year.

The 1885 election saw the first socialist party participate, with the Social Democratic Federation led by H. M. Hyndman standing three candidates. None were elected.
Eric Edgar Cooke
Eric Edgar Cooke (25 February 1931 – 26 October 1964), nicknamed the Night Caller and later the Nedlands Monster, was an Australian serial killer who terrorised the city of Perth, Western Australia, from September 1958 to August 1963. Cooke committed at least 20 violent crimes, eight of which resulted in deaths.

Following a four-year killing spree, Cooke was eventually arrested and made extensive admissions to his crimes, including two of which Darryl Beamish and John Button had been wrongfully convicted. In the Supreme Court of Western Australia the jury rejected an insanity defence and he was convicted of wilful murder. Cooke was sentenced to death and hanged at Fremantle Prison. He was the last person to be executed in Western Australia.

Presumed Guilty: When Cops Get It Wrong and Courts Seal the Deal
Presumed Guilty: When Cops get it Wrong and Courts Seal the Deal is a non-fiction book by Bret Christian, a veteran newspaper reporter and publisher based in Perth, Western Australia. It centres on a cluster of wrongful murder convictions in Perth. First published in 2013, a second edition was released in 2015.
Comarcas of Andalusia
In Andalusia, comarcas have no defined administrative powers; many municipalities have gathered together to form mancomunidades in order to provide basic services, but those do not always coincide with the traditional comarcas. The current (2007) Statute of Autonomy of Andalusia, unlike its 1981 predecessor, allows for the establishment and regulation of official comarcas under its Title III, Article 97, which defines the significance of comarcas and sets the basis for future legislation in this area.

In 2003, the Council of Tourism and Sports of the Regional Government of Andalusia published an order in which it defined the comarca as "a geographic space with some homogeneous natural characteristicas, which produce social relations of immediacy and closeness, and present some common natural, economic and social characteristics and some common interests". This defined the official comarcas of Andalusia in the number of 62, as the following ones:

Mancomunidad
In present-day Spain, a mancomunidad (English: municipal association) is an association of municipalities voluntarily established by some municipalities with the aim of carrying out joint projects or providing common services.

A mancomunidad is one of the local entities defined for the purpose of local government, to which those municipalities may voluntarily delegate some of their functions and powers. There were 1,023 mancomunidades in 2011.
Bujnów-Kolonia
Bujnów-Kolonia [ˈbui̯nuf kɔˈlɔɲa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Złoczew, within Sieradz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) west of Złoczew, 26 km (16 mi) south-west of Sieradz, and 76 km (47 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Sieradz County
Sieradz County (Polish: powiat sieradzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Łódź Voivodeship, central Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Sieradz, which lies 54 kilometres (34 mi) west of the regional capital Łódź. The county contains three other towns: Złoczew, lying 23 km (14 mi) south-west of Sieradz, Warta, lying 14 km (9 mi) north-west of Sieradz, and Błaszki, 23 km (14 mi) west of Sieradz.

The county covers an area of 1,491.04 square kilometres (575.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 121,013, out of which the population of Sieradz is 44,045, that of Złoczew is 3,403, that of Warta is 3,388, that of Błaszki is 2,179, and the rural population is 67,998.
Parkhomivka, Kharkiv Oblast
Parkhomivka (Ukrainian: Пархомівка) is a village in Bohodukhiv Raion, Kharkiv Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Krasnokutsk settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.  The village has a population of 2,685.

Despite being a small village, the local art museum displays works by Pablo Picasso and other significant artists. The museum started as a project from a local schoolteacher, who (along with his students), wrote to artists and art collectors asking for sample works for the local students to learn from.

Until 18 July 2020, Parkhomivka belonged to Krasnokutsk Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Kharkiv Oblast to seven. The area of Krasnokutsk Raion was merged into Bohodukhiv Raion.

Kharkiv Oblast
Kharkiv Oblast (Ukrainian: Харківська область, romanized: Kharkivska oblast, Russian: Харьковская область, romanized: Kharkovskaya oblast), also referred to as Kharkivshchyna (Ukrainian: Харківщина), is an oblast (province) in eastern Ukraine.

Kharkiv borders Luhansk Oblast to the east, Donetsk Oblast to the southeast, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast to the southwest, Poltava Oblast to the west, Sumy Oblast to the northwest and Russia's Belgorod Oblast to the north. Its area is 31,400 square kilometres (12,100 sq mi), or 5.2% of the total territory of Ukraine.

The oblast is the third-most populous of Ukraine, with a population of 2,598,961 in 2021, more than half (1.42 million) of whom live in the city of Kharkiv, the oblast's administrative center.
Mezamashi TV
Mezamashi TV (めざましテレビ, Mezamashi Terebi) is a Japanese breakfast television program broadcast every weekday on Fuji TV from 4:55 a.m. to 8:00 a.m. Mezamashi is a form of the Japanese verb mezamasu (to wake up).

Mezamashi TV has several spin-off shows such as Mezamashi TV Aqua (めざましテレビ アクア) (replacing Meza News which ended in March 2014), which is aired before Mezamashi TV for viewers in the Kanto region starting at 4:00 am (stations in some areas will air Meza News at 5:00 am) which ended in March 2018 and Mezamashi Saturday (めざましどようび), the Saturday supplement of Mezamashi TV which airs at a later time from 6:00 to 8:30 am, and Mezamashi 8 which is a replacement to Tokudane! from March 29, 2021.

Kantō region
The Kantō region (関東地方, Kantō Chihō; IPA: [kaꜜn.toː, kan.toː tɕiꜜ.hoː, kan.toː tɕi̥.hoꜜː]) is a geographical region of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. In a common definition, the region includes the Greater Tokyo Area and encompasses seven prefectures: Chiba, Gunma, Ibaraki, Kanagawa, Saitama, Tochigi, and Tokyo. Slightly more than 45 percent of the land area within its boundaries is the Kantō Plain. The rest consists of the hills and mountains that form land borders with other regions of Japan.

As the Kantō region contains Tokyo, the capital and largest city of Japan, the region is considered the center of Japan's politics and economy. According to the official census on October 1, 2010, by the Statistics Bureau of Japan, the population was 42,607,376, amounting to approximately one third of the total population of Japan.
Antti Kaikkonen
Antti Samuli Kaikkonen (born 14 February 1974 in Turku, Finland) is a Finnish politician who has served as chair of the Centre Party since June 2024. He has been a member of the Finnish Parliament from Uusimaa since 2003. He served as Minister of Defence from 2019 to 2023. Kaikkonen was the president of  Finnish Centre Youth from 1997 to 2001. He has also been a member of Finnish Delegation to the  Council of Europe since 2004.

In 2013, Kaikkonen was convicted of corruption charges stemming from a campaign financing scandal.

On 21 June 2016, Kaikkonen was chosen as the chairman of the Centre Party's parliamentary group.

By 2019, Kaikkonen was parliamentary head of the coalition-leading Centre Party.  Amidst the Oulu child sexual exploitation scandal, he called for all party heads in Parliament to meet, and declared "everyone who comes to Finland has to follow the local laws".

Finnish Centre Youth
Finnish Centre Youth Finnish: Keskustanuoret a Finnish political youth organisation with 1320 members. It is the youth wing of the Centre Party. It is formed by 19 regional organisations and approximately 400 local associations.

The organisation was formerly known as Nuoren Keskustan Liitto and until 1964 Maaseudun Nuorten Liitto.

Finnish Centre Youth is a member of the European Liberal Youth (LYMEC), International Federation of Liberal Youth (IFLRY) and a founding member of the Nordic Centre Youth (NCF).