hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Outeniqua Railroad Pass
Outeniqua Railroad Pass is a mountain pass carrying railway traffic from George over the Outeniqua Mountains to Oudtshoorn. This part of the range is the only one from which this pass, the Outeniqua Pass, Montagu Pass, and Cradock Pass can be seen from one point. All four passes played a major role in connecting George with points further inland.

George, South Africa
George is a city in South Africa, and the second largest city in the Western Cape province. The city is a popular holiday and conference centre, as well as the administrative and commercial hub and the seat of the Garden Route District Municipality. It is named after the British Monarch George III.

The city is situated roughly halfway between Cape Town and Gqeberha (Port Elizabeth) on the Garden Route. It is situated on a 10-kilometre plateau between the Outeniqua Mountains to the north and the Indian Ocean to the south. The former township of Pacaltsdorp, now a fully incorporated suburb, lies to the south.

George is well-known for being the burial place of former South African Prime Minister and President P. W. Botha.
Patrick Thaler
Patrick Thaler (born 23 March 1978) is a retired World Cup alpine ski racer from northern Italy. Born in Bolzano, South Tyrol, he specialized in the slalom.  Thaler competed for Italy at the 2006, 2010 and 2014 Winter Olympics but failed to finish. His best result from Alpine World Ski Championships is a seventh place in Val-d'Isère, France, in 2009.

Italy at the 2014 Winter Olympics
Italy competed at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, from 7 to 23 February 2014. One athlete, bobsledder William Frullani, had been tested positive for methylhexanamine and was sent home from Sochi.
For the first time since 1980, Italy failed to win a gold medal in the Winter Olympics. Closest was the alpine skier Christof Innerhofer who lost the gold in downhill against Matthias Mayer of Austria with only six hundredths of a second separating the two.
Stephen Turner House
The Stephen Turner House is a historic house at 187 Seekonk St. in Norfolk, Massachusetts.  The 2+1⁄2-story house was built sometime after the 1712 purchase of the land by Stephen Turner.  His son Ichabod, an American Revolutionary War veteran, sold the house in 1792.  The ell was added in 1812, and may be a separately-built structure of earlier construction.  The house may also include beams from a 17th-century fortified house.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.

Norfolk, Massachusetts
Norfolk (/ˈnɔːrfək/ NOR-fək, locally /ˈnɔːrfɔːrk/ NOR-fork) is a New England town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States, with a population of 11,662 people at the 2020 census. Formerly known as North Wrentham, Norfolk broke away to become an independent town in 1870.
Namaacha Wind Power Station
The Namaacha Wind Power Station, is a 120 megawatts (160,000 hp) wind-powered electricity power station under construction in Mozambique. It is the first grid-ready wind energy infrastructure in the country. It is under development by EleQtra Mozambique Limited, a subsidiary of the American independent power producer, EleQtra. The power station will be developed in two phases of 60 megawatts each. The estimated construction budget is US$280 million (approx. €234 million). The energy generated here will be sold directly to Electricidade de Moçambique, the Mozambican electric utility company, under a long-term power purchase agreement.

Electricidade de Moçambique
Electricidade de Moçambique, E.P. (EDM-E.P. or simply EDM) is a state-owned energy company of Mozambique, which deals with the generation, transmission, distribution and sale of electricity. EDM was incorporated in 1995 after the privatization of the state-managed enterprise Electricidade de Moçambique, Empresa Estatal (EDM-E.E.), which had been set up in 1977, two years after the independence of Mozambique, by the new government of the People's Republic of Mozambique led by the FRELIMO party. In 1977, EDM emerged from the amalgamation of twenty-five separate generation and distribution units geographically dispersed across Mozambique.
Shikongo Iipinge Senior Secondary School
Shikongo Iipinge Senior Secondary School is a school in Tsandi in the Omusati Region in Namibia. Currently, it has 442 students and 20 teachers. It was founded by Chris Iipinge, circuit inspector and first principal of the school, in 1985.

Tsandi
Tsandi (Oshiwambo: that which is at the center) is a village in the Omusati Region of northern Namibia and the district capital of the Tsandi electoral constituency. It is a former mission station of the Finnish Missionary Society. Tsandi had a population of 2,595 people in 2023.
Greg Walker (politician)
Greggory Walker (born December 1, 1963) is a Republican member of the Indiana State Senate, representing all of Bartholomew County and most of Johnson County. He was first elected in 2006 after ousting Robert D. Garton, the Senate's sitting president pro tempore, in the Republican primary.

In August 2025, Walker announced that he would not pursue reelection to the Indiana Senate.

Walker opposed President Donald Trump's 2025 effort to redistrict Indiana. He accused Trump of violating the Hatch Act by using a federal employee to pressure legislators into redistricting.

Indiana Senate
The Indiana State Senate is the upper house of the Indiana General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Indiana. The Senate is composed of 50 members representing an equal number of constituent districts. Senators serve four-year terms without term limits. According to the 2010 U.S. census, the average state senator represents 129,676 people.

The Senate convenes at the Indiana Statehouse in Indianapolis, Indiana.
Joe Buscaino
Giuseppe "Joe" Buscaino (born c. 1974) is an American politician and former police officer, who served as a member of the Los Angeles City Council for the 15th district from 2012 to 2022. A member of the Democratic Party, Buscaino served as President pro tempore of the council from 2020 to 2021.

Buscaino was an early entrant into the 2022 Los Angeles mayoral election, qualifying for the ballot after nearly a year of campaigning. He dropped out of the race on May 12, 2022, and endorsed Rick Caruso.

President pro tempore
A president pro tempore or speaker pro tempore is an officer of a legislative body who presides over the chamber in the absence of the normal presiding officer. The phrase pro tempore is Latin "for the time being".

In Argentina, a similar role is carried by the provisional president of the Argentine Senate in the absence of the vice president of Argentina. By the 1994 amendment to the 1853 Constitution, the vice president is designated as the senate president.
Palestinian National Covenant
The Palestinian National Covenant or Palestinian National Charter (Arabic: الميثاق الوطني الفلسطيني; transliterated: al-Mithaq al-Watani al-Filastini) is the covenant or charter of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). The Covenant is an ideological paper, written in the early days of the PLO.

The first version was adopted on 28 May 1964. In 1968 it was replaced by a comprehensively revised version. In April 1996, many articles, which were inconsistent with the Oslo Accords, were wholly or partially nullified.

Charter
A charter is the grant of authority or rights, stating that the granter formally recognizes the prerogative of the recipient to exercise the rights specified. It is implicit that the granter retains superiority (or sovereignty), and that the recipient admits a limited (or inferior) status within the relationship, and it is within that sense that charters were historically granted, and it is that sense which is retained in modern usage of the term. In early medieval Britain, charters transferred land from donors to recipients.

The word entered the English language from the Old French charte, via Latin charta, and ultimately from Greek χάρτης (khartes, meaning "layer of papyrus"). It has come to be synonymous with a document that sets out a grant of rights or privileges.
Aaron Lipstadt
Aaron Lipstadt (born November 12, 1952) is an American film director, television director and producer.

In 1980, he began his career as assistant production manager on the film Battle Beyond the Stars. He continued to manage productions for the films Saturday the 14th (1981), Galaxy of Terror (1981), Forbidden World (1982) and The Slumber Party Massacre (1982). In 1982, he made his directorial debut with the film Android. In 1984, he directed the film City Limits.

Since 1986, he has focused primarily on directing television. His television credits include Miami Vice, Crime Story, The Equalizer, Quantum Leap, Law & Order, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, Law & Order: Trial by Jury, The Division, Medium, The 4400, Elementary and many other series.

Saturday the 14th
Saturday the 14th is a 1981 American comedy horror film starring real-life husband and wife Paula Prentiss and Richard Benjamin, co-written and directed by Howard R. Cohen and produced by Julie Corman.

Despite the implications of the film's title, it is a spoof of classic horror movies from the 1930s and 1940s, and not a parody of the Friday the 13th series or of slasher films of that type from the 1980s. It was followed by Saturday the 14th Strikes Back in 1988.

In the film, the Hyatt family inherits the house of a deceased uncle, and its magical book. The family's son reads the book and unwittingly unleashes monsters from its pages. The family has interactions with the vampire Waldemar and the would-be world-conqueror Van Helsing, who each want to acquire the book.
Bisharpara Kodaliya railway station
Bisharpara Kodaliya railway station is a Kolkata Suburban Railway station in Bisharpara. It serves the local areas of Bisharpara, Kodaliya and Michael Nagar in North 24 Parganas district, West Bengal, India. Its code is BRPK.

Michael Nagar
Michael Nagar is a neighbourhood under Madhyamgram municipality of North 24 Parganas district in the state of West Bengal, India. It is a part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA).
Lucius D. Clay Kaserne
The Lucius D. Clay Kaserne (German: Flugplatz Wiesbaden-Erbenheim) (IATA: WIE, ICAO: ETOU), commonly known as Clay Kaserne, formerly known as Wiesbaden Air Base and later as Wiesbaden Army Airfield, is an installation of the United States Army in Hesse, Germany. The kaserne is located within the boroughs Wiesbaden-Erbenheim and Wiesbaden-Delkenheim. Named for General Lucius D. Clay, it is the home of the Army's 2d Theater Signal Brigade, 66th Military Intelligence Brigade and is the headquarters of the U.S. Army Europe and Africa (USAREUR-AF).

USAREUR-AF oversees V Corps, Security Assistance Group-Ukraine, the 7th Army Training Command, 10th Army Air & Missile Defense Command and 21st Theater Sustainment Command. Clay Kaserne also maintains an airfield, facilitated by 1-214th Aviation.

7th Army Training Command
The 7th Army Training Command (7th ATC) is a United States Army training organization located at Tower Barracks, Germany. 7th ATC comes under the command of the U.S. Army Europe (USAREUR). 7th ATC is the United States Army's largest overseas training command and responsible for providing and overseeing the training requirements for USAREUR soldiers as well as North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and partner-nation countries.
Len Muncer
Bernard Leonard Muncer (23 October 1913 – 18 January 1982) was a cricketer who played for Middlesex and Glamorgan.

Muncer was a useful middle or later order right-handed batsman and a spin bowler who began by bowling occasional leg breaks and googlies for Middlesex in the 1930s but converted to off-spin when he changed counties to Glamorgan.

Off spin
Off spin is a type of spin bowling in cricket. A bowler who uses this technique is called an off spinner. Off spinners bowl with their right-arm and a  finger spin action. Their normal delivery is called an off break, which spins from left to right (from the bowler's perspective) when the ball bounces on the pitch. For a right-handed batter, the ball breaks towards them from the off side, hence the name 'off break'.

Off spinners bowl mostly off breaks, varying them by adjusting the line and length of the deliveries. Off spinners also bowl other types of delivery, which spin differently. Aside from these variations in spin, varying the speed, length and flight of the ball are also important for the off spinner.

The bowler with the most wickets in the history of both Test matches and ODIs, Muttiah Muralitharan, was an off spinner.
Shannon-One-Design
The Shannon One Design sailing dinghy is an open centreboard sailing boat raced on the River Shannon, Lough Derg and Lough Ree in Ireland. The boats are 18 feet (5.5 m) long by 4 feet 10.5 inches (1.486 m) beam, drawing 4 feet (1.2 m) with her centreboard down. They have a sail area of 140 square feet (15.6m2) set in a single sail, giving the boat what is called a gunter rig.

Creaghduff
Creaghduff (Irish: An Chria Dhubh) is a townland in County Westmeath, Ireland. The townland is in the civil parish of St. Mary's.

The townland stands to the north of Athlone, on the shores of Lough Ree and Coosan Lough in an area known as Coosan Point. The townlands of Coosan and Creaghduff South border the townland to the south.
Deaths in April 2014
The following is a list of notable deaths in April 2014.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship and reason for notability, established cause of death, reference.

Otto Petersen
Otto Sol Petersen (July 29, 1960 – April 13, 2014) was an American ventriloquist, comedian, and actor known for his act Otto and George, which he performed with his dummy George Dudley. Petersen began performing with George as a street act in Manhattan and Brooklyn in the early 1970s. In the late 1970s the act moved into night clubs and began to evolve into an "X-rated" act.
Marc Spindler
Marc Spindler (born November 28, 1969) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive tackle and defensive end for nine seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Detroit Lions in the third round of the 1990 NFL draft with the 62nd overall pick. Since retiring from football, Spindler has worked for both WDFN and WXYT, two Detroit area sports talk radio stations.

In 1986, Spindler was named USA Today High School Defensive Player of the Year.

1990 NFL draft
The 1990 NFL draft was the procedure by which National Football League teams selected amateur college football players. It is officially known as the NFL Annual Player Selection Meeting. The draft was held April 22–23, 1990, at the Marriott Marquis in New York City, New York. The league also held a supplemental draft after the regular draft and before the regular season.

The Dallas Cowboys would have had the first overall pick in the draft for the second consecutive year by virtue of their league-worst 1–15 record in 1989. However, the Cowboys forfeited their first-round pick by selecting quarterback Steve Walsh in the first round of the previous year's supplemental draft. The first pick instead went to the Atlanta Falcons, who traded it to the Indianapolis Colts. The Colts then used the first overall pick to select quarterback Jeff George.
Miloš Milutinović
Miloš Milutinović (Serbian Cyrillic: Милош Милутиновић; 5 February 1933 – 28 January 2003) was a Serbian professional footballer and manager from Yugoslavia.

Milutinović is regarded as one of the most talented players in his country's history, being nicknamed Plava čigra (The Blond Buzzer) for his skills.

UEFA European Under-19 Championship
The UEFA European Under-19 Championship, or simply the Euro Under-19, is an annual football competition, contested by the European men's under-19 national teams of the UEFA member associations.

Spain is the most successful team in this competition, having won twelve titles. Netherlands are the current champions.
Chlumany
Chlumany is a municipality and village in Prachatice District in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 400 inhabitants.

Chlumany lies approximately 7 kilometres (4 mi) north of Prachatice, 39 km (24 mi) west of České Budějovice, and 119 km (74 mi) south of Prague.

Prachatice
Prachatice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈpraxacɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Prachatitz) is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 11,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
Caradrina germainii
Caradrina germainii is a moth of the family Noctuidae. It was described by Philogène Auguste Joseph Duponchel in 1835. It is found in south-western Europe (including Sardinia, Corsica, Sicily and Malta) and North Africa (Morocco, Algeria). It is found mostly in garigue habitats.

Adults have been recorded on wing from June to July and again from September to October. The larvae feed on various low-growing plants.

Garrigue
Garrigue or garigue (/ɡəˈriːɡ/ gə-REEG), also known as phrygana (Greek: φρύγανα [ˈfriɣana], n. pl.), is a type of low scrubland ecoregion and plant community in the Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub biome.

It is found on limestone soils in southern France and around the Mediterranean Basin, generally near the seacoast where the moderated Mediterranean climate provides annual summer drought. It is an anthropogenic degradation and succession form of former evergreen oak forests that existed until around 2500 years BCE.

The term has also found its way into haute cuisine, suggestive of the resinous flavours of a garrigue shrubland.
Universal Circulating Herald
Universal Circulating Herald (Chinese: 循環日報; 1874–1947) was an early Chinese-language newspaper.  It was founded February 5, 1874, by Wang Tao in Hong Kong under British rule.  Wang Tao, who was an advocate for institutional changes by the Qing government, rather than the purely military and technological devices promoted by the "self-strengthening" school, published these ideas in the Universal Circulating Herald.

These reformist ideas could have influenced Sun Yat-sen, who went on, in 1890–1892, to make reformist proposals to two progressive government officials, Cheng Tsao-ju (a scholar of Sun's native Chinese county of Xiangshan and a prominent and progressive official who had served as Chinese Minister to the United States between 1881 and 1885) and Zheng Guanying.

Zheng Guanying
Zheng Guanying or Cheng Kuan-ying (1842–1922 or '23) was a Chinese reformist active in the late Qing dynasty. He was a proponent of fighting economic dominance by Western countries of China through economic nationalism, of parliamentary representative democracy, and of women's rights.
Jan Latalski
Jan Latalski  (1463–1540) was a medieval Bishop of Kraków, Poznań, Archbishop of Gniezno, and Primate of Poland.

Born in 1463 into the Prawdzic Polish noble family, he studied at the Cracow Academy. He was a pastor of Saint Peter and Paul church in Kostrzyn nad Odrą. From 1498 to 1505 he was a Chancellor for Elizabeth Rakuszanki, and Royal Secretary from 1504.

As Envoy of King Sigismund I the Old, he negotiated with the Teutonic Knights in Toruń in 1511, and in 1517 he led negotiations with the hospodarem.

In 1525 he was made the Bishop of Poznań with the support of Queen Bona and in 1536 was elected Bishop of Kraków. In 1537 he was made Archbishop of Gniezno and Primate of Poland. Although a favorite of the King, he was known to be fond of the drink.

He died in 1540 and was buried in the Cathedral of Gniezno.

Bona Sforza
Bona Sforza (2 February 1494 – 19 November 1557) was Queen of Poland and Grand Duchess of Lithuania as the second wife of Sigismund the Old, and Duchess of Bari and Rossano by her own right. She was a surviving member of the powerful House of Sforza, which had ruled the Duchy of Milan since 1450.

Smart, energetic and ambitious, Bona became heavily involved in the political and cultural life of the Polish–Lithuanian union. To increase state revenue during the Chicken War, she implemented various economic and agricultural reforms, including the far-reaching Wallach Reform in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In foreign policy, she allied with the Ottoman Empire and sometimes opposed the Habsburgs. Her descendants became beneficiaries of the Neapolitan sums, a loan to Philip II of Spain that was never completely paid.
Stadion Františka Kloze
Stadion Františka Kloze is a multi-use stadium in Kladno, Czech Republic.  It is currently used mostly for football matches and is the home ground of SK Kladno.  The stadium holds 4,000 people and was opened in 1914. It is named after former player František Kloz, situated by the street also named after him.

The pitch was relaid in July 2007 ahead of the 2007–08 Czech First League. The city of Kladno mooted plans to purchase the stadium for 45 million Czech koruna from the club in December 2008, owing to SK Kladno's financial difficulties. The Ministry of Finance subsequently blocked the sale in early 2009. In the 2009–10 season, Stadion Františka Kloze was one of five stadiums not compliant with the Stadiony 2012 project. Due to the lack of under-soil heating, SK Kladno were unable to use their stadium for the last two autumn matches and first four spring matches, which were moved to Prague's Stadion Evžena Rošického.

Ministry of Finance (Czech Republic)
The Ministry of Finance of the Czech Republic (Czech: Ministerstvo financí České republiky), abbreviated MFČR, is a government ministry, responsible for matters relating to economic policy, the government budget, revenue service, banking, security and insurance, international economic work, central, regional and local government.

The Ministry is administrated by the Finance Minister, who is member of the Cabinet. Since 15 December 2025 the minister has been Alena Schillerová.
Metilde Viscontini Dembowski
Metilde Viscontini Dembowski (also cited as Matilde; 1 February 1790 – 1 May 1825) was an Italian aristocrat, patriot, and a prominent figure in the Milanese Carbonari movement. She is also known as the unrequited love and muse of the French writer Stendhal, who immortalized her in his treatise De l'amour.

Aristocracy (class)
The aristocracy (from Greek ἀριστοκρατία aristokratía, "rule of the best"; Latin: aristocratia) is historically associated with a "hereditary" or a "ruling" social class. In many states, the aristocracy included the upper class with hereditary rank and titles. They are usually below only the monarch of a country or nation in its social hierarchy.
Holy Family with the Infant Saint John the Baptist (Mantegna)
The Holy Family with the Infant Saint John the Baptist is a tempera on canvas painting measuring 71 cm by 50.5 cm. It is attributed to Andrea Mantegna, dated to around 1500 and now held in the National Gallery, London. Due to its poor conservation the autograph is unclear, so some scholars do not directly attribute it to Mantegna. Those that do argue its idea and format definitely refer to autographed works by him.

The parapet on which the Christ Child and the infant John the Baptist stand also encloses the Virgin Mary, referring to the Virgin birth of Jesus and the hortus conclusus of the Virgin Mary's virginity. John holds a scroll and points to Christ, who holds a sphere representing his earthly power. In the background is Saint Joseph in a red cloak.

Andrea Mantegna
Andrea Mantegna (UK: /mænˈtɛnjə/, US: /mɑːnˈteɪnjə/; Italian: [anˈdrɛːa manˈteɲɲa]; c. 1431 – September 13, 1506) was an Italian Renaissance painter, a student of Roman archaeology, and the son-in-law of Jacopo Bellini.

Like other artists of the time, Mantegna experimented with perspective, e.g. by lowering the horizon in order to create a sense of greater monumentality. His flinty, metallic landscapes, and somewhat stony figures give evidence of a fundamentally sculptural approach to painting. He also led a workshop that was the leading producer of prints in Venice before 1500.