hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pharyngeal plexus
The pharyngeal plexus is a nerve plexus located upon the outer surface of the pharynx. It contains a motor component (derived from the vagus nerve (cranial nerve X)), a sensory component (derived from the glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX)), and sympathetic component (derived from the superior cervical ganglion).

The plexus provides motor innervation to most muscles of the soft palate (all but the tensor veli palatini muscle) and most muscles of the pharynx (all but the stylopharyngeus muscle). The larynx meanwhile receives motor innervation from the vagus nerve (CN X) via its external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve and its recurrent laryngeal nerve, and not through the pharyngeal plexus.

Sensory nervous system
The sensory nervous system is a part of the nervous system responsible for processing sensory  information.  A sensory system consists of sensory neurons (including the sensory receptor cells), neural pathways, and parts of the brain involved in sensory perception and interoception.  Commonly recognized sensory systems are those for vision, hearing, touch, taste, smell, balance and visceral sensation. Sense organs are transducers that convert data from the outer physical world to the realm of the mind where people interpret the information, creating their perception of the world around them.

The receptive field is the area of the body or environment to which a receptor organ and receptor cells respond. For instance, the part of the world an eye can see, is its receptive field; the light that each rod or cone can see, is its receptive field. Receptive fields have been identified for the visual system, auditory system and somatosensory system.
Balchrick
Balchrick (Scottish Gaelic: Baile a' Chnuic) is a  township on the north east shore of Lairg in Sutherland, Scottish Highlands and is in the Scottish council area of Highland.

Balchrick lies entirely within the estate of the John Muir Trust's Sandwood Estate.  Balchrick also lies between Blairmore and Sheigra. To the South / South West you can find the beaches of Polin and Oldshoremore.

Just a hundred yards away is the start of the trail to Sandwood Bay, one of the most beautiful beaches in North West Scotland.

Township
A township is a form of human settlement or administrative subdivision. Its exact definition varies among countries.

Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, this tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Canada, Scotland, and parts of the United States, the term refers to settlements too small or scattered to be considered urban.
Dubingiai massacre
The Dubingiai massacre was a mass murder of Lithuanian civilians committed by the Polish Home Army (AK) in the town of Dubingiai and its surroundings on 23 June 1944.

The Dubingiai massacre started a wider Polish Home Army (AK) operation in which units beyond the 5th Brigade were involved. By the end of June 1944, a total of 70–100 Lithuanians were killed in Dubingiai and the neighbouring villages of Joniškis, Inturkė, Bijutiškis, and Giedraičiai. While Nazi collaborators were ostensibly the prime targets, the victims also included the elderly, children, and infants of 4 and 11 months.

The AK's 5th Wilno Brigade committed the massacre in reprisal for the Glinciszki (Glitiškės) massacre of Polish civilians done on 20 June 1944 by the 258th Lithuanian Police Battalion. Further conflicts between Lithuanian and Polish units were prevented by the Soviet capture of Vilnius in mid-July 1944.

Lithuanians
Lithuanians (Lithuanian: lietuviai) are a Baltic ethnic group. They are native to Lithuania, where they number around 2,378,118 people. Another two million make up the Lithuanian diaspora, largely found in countries such as the United States, United Kingdom, Brazil and Canada. Their native language is Lithuanian, one of only two surviving members of the Baltic language family along with Latvian. According to the census conducted in 2021, 84.6% of the population of Lithuania identified themselves as Lithuanians. Most Lithuanians belong to the Catholic Church, while the Lietuvininkai who lived in the northern part of East Prussia prior to World War II, were mostly Lutherans.
Ward Village
Ward Village is a 60-acre (24 ha), master-planned community in the Kaka'ako district of Honolulu. It is being developed by The Howard Hughes Corporation. Once completed, this beachfront development will have luxury residences, retail stores, entertainment venues, pedestrian friendly streets, a Skyline rail station, and public open space.

Woods Bagot
Woods Bagot is a global architectural and consulting practice founded in Adelaide, South Australia. It specialises in the design and planning of buildings across a wide variety of sectors and disciplines. Former names of the practice include Woods & Bagot, Woods, Bagot & Jory; Woods, Bagot, Jory & Laybourne Smith;  Woods, Bagot, Laybourne-Smith & Irwin; and Woods Bagot Architects Pty Ltd.

Founded in 1905, some of their most significant early work includes buildings at the University of Adelaide, including Bonython Hall and the Barr Smith Library. 21st-century projects include the Qatar Science & Technology Park, Melbourne Convention & Exhibition Centre and the SAHMRI building in Adelaide.

Woods Bagot is now established worldwide, with studios in five regions: Asia, Australia, Europe, the Middle East and North America. In 2015, the firm was named as the world's seventh largest architecture firm by employee count in Building Design magazine.
Patrick McCarry
Patrick McCarry (1875 – 18 July 1921) was an Irish republican activist who was assassinated.

Born in Murlough in County Antrim, McCarry worked as a farmer and became active in the Gaelic League.  He joined the Irish Volunteers in 1914, then the Irish Republican Army during the Irish War of Independence.

At the 1918 UK general election, McCarry stood for Sinn Féin in North Antrim, taking 21.7% of the vote against a single opponent, the Irish Unionist Peter Kerr-Smiley.

McCarry served as a local magistrate and, as such, regularly visited the local police station.  In July 1921, when he arrived, he was shot dead by a recently recruited member of the B Specials.

North Antrim (UK Parliament constituency)
North Antrim is a parliamentary constituency of the United Kingdom House of Commons located in County Antrim, Northern Ireland. The current Member of Parliament is Jim Allister of Traditional Unionist Voice (TUV), who was first elected in the 2024 general election.
Gibbonsdown
Gibbonsdown, colloquially known as 'Gibby', is a residential area and electoral ward situated in the north east of Barry in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales. Gibbonsdown borders Merthyr Dyfan to the northwest and Cadoxton to the southeast.

Colloquialism
Colloquialism (also called colloquial language, everyday language, or general parlance) is the linguistic style used for casual (informal) communication. It is the most common functional style of speech, the language normally employed in casual conversation and other informal contexts. Colloquialism is characterized by the frequent use of expressive phrases, idioms, anthropocentrism, and a lack of specialized focus, and has a rapidly changing lexicon. It can also be distinguished by its usage of formulations with incomplete logical and syntactic ordering.

A specific instance of such language is termed a colloquialism. The most common term used in dictionaries to label such an expression is colloquial.
Companies Ordinance 1984
The corporate sector in Pakistan was governed by the Companies Ordinance 1984 which was promulgated on 8 October 1984 and repealed the Indian Companies Act, 1913. It is now replaced by Companies Ordinance 2016.

The Companies Ordinance 1984 is a broad piece of Pakistani legislation that, according to its own preamble, is "An Ordinance to consolidate and amend the law relating to companies and certain other associations".  It encompasses all legal rules and regulations for businesses registered with Security and Exchange Commission of Pakistan (SECP) and is enforced by that agency.

Preamble
A preamble (from Latin  preambulum 'preliminary, preface') is an introductory and expressionary statement in a document that explains the document's purpose and underlying philosophy.  When applied to the opening paragraphs of a statute, it may recite historical facts pertinent to the subject of the statute.  It is distinct from the long title or enacting formula of a law.

In the American context of parliamentary procedure, according to Robert's Rules of Order, a preamble consists of "Whereas" clauses that are placed before the resolving clauses in a resolution (formal written motion). However, preambles are not required to be placed in resolutions. According to Robert's Rules of Order, including such background information may not be helpful in passing the resolution.
David Miller (physician)
David Miller is a pioneer in the home birth movement in Australia. He not only practiced at home, with a staff of midwives, but also adapted the water birth techniques of Michel Odent to a hospital setting.

Water birth
Water birth is childbirth that occurs in water, usually a birthing pool. It may include the use of water for relaxation and pain relief during the first stage of labour, birth into water in the second stage of labour, and the delivery of the placenta in the third stage of labour.
VDO (company)
VDO is a German brand of AUMOVIO which makes automotive electronics and mechatronics for powertrains, engine management systems and fuel injection systems. A full range of Tachograph, Data Management, and Telematics products are produced. VDO has also supplied components for pleasure boats, yachts and sailing boats since 1958. In 2018 the marine business was separated into VDO Marine, offering products made by Swiss manufacture Veratron AG.

Engine control unit
An engine control unit (ECU), also called an engine control module (ECM), is a device that controls various subsystems of an internal combustion engine. Systems commonly controlled by an ECU include the fuel injection and ignition systems.

The earliest ECUs (used by aircraft engines in the late 1930s) were mechanical-hydraulic units; however, most 21st-century ECUs operate using digital electronics.
Stan Collard
Stanley James Collard (25 March 1936 – 13 August 2025) was an Australian politician. He was a Senator for Queensland from 1975 to 1987, representing the National Party. He was elected as the party's Senate leader in 1985, but failed to win National Party preselection prior to the 1987 federal election owing to his opposition to the "Joh for Canberra" movement. He was a locomotive engine driver with Queensland Railways and trade unionist before his election to the Senate.

Division of Kennedy
The Division of Kennedy is an Australian electoral division in the state of Queensland. It is the state's second-largest division after the neighbouring Division of Maranoa, stretching from the Northern Territory border and the Gulf of Carpentaria to the Coral Sea, just southeast of Cairns and northwest of Townsville.

Since 1993 its MP has been Bob Katter, who has been Father of the House since 2022. Katter founded Katter's Australian Party in 2011, after sitting 10 years as an Independent following him leaving the National Party.
Bjerkestrand
Bjerkestrand is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Iver Bjerkestrand (born 1987), Norwegian alpine skier

Kjetil Bjerkestrand (born 1955), Norwegian musician, composer, arranger, and record producer

Kjetil Bjerkestrand
Kjetil Bjerkestrand (born 18 May 1955) is a Norwegian keyboardist, composer, arranger and record producer known as music arranger for artists like Ray Charles, Dee Dee Bridgewater, Keith Emerson, Ian Hunter, Jon Lord, Ute Lemper and a-ha. As a musician, he has participated in recordings with a-ha, Ray Charles, Ute Lemper, Ian Hunter, Dance with a Stranger, DumDum Boys, Jonas Fjeld Band, Marius Müller, TNT, Arve Tellefsen, Bobbysocks, Bjørn Eidsvåg, Carola Häggkvist and Dee Dee Bridgewater.
John M. Broomall
John Martin Broomall (January 19, 1816 – June 3, 1894) was an American politician from Pennsylvania who served as a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania's 7th congressional district from 1863 to 1869.  He also served as a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives for the Delaware County district from 1851 to 1852.

38th United States Congress
The 38th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1863, to March 4, 1865, during the last two years of President Abraham Lincoln's first term in office. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1860 United States census. The Senate had a Republican majority, and the House of Representatives had a Republican plurality; Republicans controlled the House by sharing a coalition with Unconditional Unionists.
2011–12 Magyar Kupa
The 2011–12 Magyar Kupa (English: Hungarian Cup) was the 72nd season of Hungary's annual knock-out cup football competition. It started with the first match of Round 1 on 7 August 2011 and ended with the final held in May 2012 at Stadium Puskás Ferenc, Budapest. Kecskemét were the defending champions, having won their first cup competition last season. The winner of the competition will qualify for the second qualifying round of the 2012–13 UEFA Europa League.

Magyar Kupa
The Hungarian Cup (Hungarian: Magyar Kupa, pronounced [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈkupɒ]), officially known as MOL Magyar Kupa for sponsorship reasons, is the Hungarian cup competition for football clubs. It was started by the Hungarian Football Association, in 1909, eight years after the commencement of the Hungarian League.

Besides all of the professional clubs of Hungary numerous amateur sides take part every year. These have to qualify through local cup competitions.

The most successful participant in the Magyar Kupa has been Ferencváros with 24 wins, followed by local rivals MTK with 12 cups. The current holder is Paks, having won their 1st title in 2024.
Savivo
Savivo is a Danish e-learning company based in Copenhagen. The company was founded in 2006, and is known for their educational games, which has millions of users around the world.

Savivo started out developing content for web browsers, and has since embraced smartphones and tablets running on Android and iOS.

Educational technology
Educational technology (commonly abbreviated as edutech or edtech) refers to the use of computer hardware, software, and educational theory and practice to facilitate learning and teaching. When referred to with its abbreviation, "EdTech", it often refers to the industry of companies that create educational technology. Scholars such as Tanner Mirrlees and Shahid Alvi (2019) have described the edtech industry as consisting largely of privately owned companies involved in producing and distributing educational technologies for commercial purposes.

In addition to the practical educational experience, educational technology is based on theoretical knowledge from various disciplines such as communication, education, psychology, sociology, artificial intelligence, and computer science. It encompasses several domains, including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and mobile learning (m-learning).
I Wish (Cher Lloyd song)
"I Wish" is a song by English recording artist Cher Lloyd. It was released on 2 September 2013 as the lead single from her second studio album, Sorry I'm Late (2014). The song, produced by Shellback, Ilya and OZGO, features a guest appearance from American rapper T.I. The song was leaked online on 28 August 2013. Lloyd performed the song on her I Wish Tour (2013–14).

Lloyd appeared on Late Night with Jimmy Fallon in November 2013, featuring Skee-Lo performing portions of his own rap song called "I Wish".

Skee-Lo
Antoine Roundtree (born March 27, 1975), better known by his stage name Skee-Lo, is an American rapper best known for his 1995 song "I Wish", which became a hit in several countries and reached No. 13 on the Billboard Hot 100.

The song was known for its lack of explicit lyrics at a time when gangsta rap was very popular. His debut album of the same title was released shortly thereafter, earning him two Grammy nominations for both the album and single. Afterwards, he stopped his rapping career before coming back to release a new album in 2000 and another in 2012.
Morden Cemetery
Morden Cemetery, also known as Battersea New Cemetery, is a cemetery in the Lower Morden area of the town of Morden within the London Borough of Merton, London, England. It opened on 17 March 1891. A crematorium in Morden Cemetery, North East Surrey Crematorium, is located near an area of the cemetery called the Gardens of Remembrance. The crematorium opened in 1958.

Crematorium
A crematorium, crematory or cremation center is a venue for the cremation of the dead. Modern crematoria contain at least one cremator (also known as a crematory, retort or cremation chamber), a purpose-built furnace. In some countries a crematorium can also be a venue for open-air cremation. In many countries, crematoria contain facilities for funeral homes, such as a chapel. Some cemeteries or crematoria also incorporate a columbarium, a place for interring cremation ashes.
Mejiro, Tokyo
Mejiro (目白) is a residential district of Toshima, Tokyo, Japan, centered at Mejiro Station of Yamanote Line. The district's name (literally "white eyes") is after Mejiro Fudō, which is one of the Goshiki Fudō.

Mejiro is home to the prestigious Gakushuin University. The university's predecessor was established in 1877 to educate the children of the nobility. Its notable alumni include most members of the present Imperial House of Japan as well as the 59th Prime Minister of Japan Tarō Asō. It is also home to the first dojo and namesake of Shotokan karate, which was destroyed in 1945 during World War II.

Kazoku
The Kazoku (華族, "Magnificent/Exalted lineage"; IPA: [ka̠zo̞kɯ̟]) was the hereditary peerage of the Empire of Japan, which existed between 1869 and 1947. It was formed by merging the feudal lords (daimyō) and court nobles (kuge) into one system modelled after the British peerage. Distinguished military officers, politicians, and scholars were occasionally ennobled as (新華族, shin kazoku, 'the newly ennobled'), until the country's defeat in the Second World War in 1945. The system was abolished with the 1947 constitution, which prohibited any form of aristocracy under it, but kazoku descendants still form the core of the traditional upper class in the country's society, distinct from the nouveau riche.

Kazoku (華族) should not be confused with kazoku (家族), which is pronounced the same in Japanese, but written with a different first character, meaning "immediate family" (as in the film Kazoku above).
Dewan Mohammad Azraf
Dewan Mohammad Azraf  (Bengali: দেওয়ান মোহাম্মদ আজরফ; 1908–1999) was a Bengali philosopher, teacher, author, politician, journalist and activist. In 1993, he was honoured as a National Professor in Bangladesh. He was also a supporter of the Bengali language movement. For his support of the movement, he was dismissed from the post of the principal of Sunamganj College in 1954, the same year he was promoted to the post. His support was particularly influential when he edited the Nao Belal in 1948. He was actively involved with Kaikobad Sahitya Majlish (1972–99).

Influenced by the thought of Muhammad Iqbal, he has been described as "a prolific writer" who "produced sixty monographs, over 1,000 articles in Bangla and English, 109 novels, poems, songs, and ninety short stories. His works range from literature, arts, music, and religion to philosophy."

Abu Dharr al-Ghifari
Abu Dharr Al-Ghifari Al-Kinani (أَبُو ذَرّ ٱلْغِفَارِيّ ٱلْكِنَانِيّ, ʾAbū Ḏarr al-Ghifārīy al-Kinānīy), also spelled Abu Tharr or Abu Zar, born Jundab ibn Junādah (جُنْدَب ٱبْن جُنَادَة), was the fourth or fifth person converting to Islam, and a member of the Muhajirun. He belonged to the Banu Ghifar, the Kinanah tribe. His date of birth is unknown. He died in 652 CE, at Al-Rabadha, in the desert east of Medina.

Abu Dharr is remembered for his strict piety and also his opposition to Muawiyah during the caliphate of Uthman ibn Affan. He is venerated by Shia Muslims as one of The Four Companions, early Muslims who were followers (Shia) of Ali ibn Abi Talib.

He was regarded by many, including Ali Shariati, Muhammad Sharqawi and Sami Ayad Hanna, as a principal antecedent of Islamic socialism, or the first Islamic socialist. He protested against the accumulation of wealth by the ruling class during 'Uthmān's caliphate and urged the equitable redistribution of wealth.
Sarai (city)
Sarai (Turki/Kypchak and Persian: سرای; also transcribed as Saraj or Saray; "mansion" or "court") was the name of possibly two cities near the lower Volga, that served successively as the effective capitals of the Cuman–Kipchak Confederation and later the Golden Horde, a Turco-Mongol khanate. There is considerable disagreement among scholars about the correspondence between specific archaeological sites.

Chagatai language
Chagatai (چغتای, Čaġatāy), also known as Turki, Eastern Turkic, or Chagatai Turkic (Čaġatāy türkīsi), is a Turkic language that was once widely spoken across Central Asia. It remained the shared literary language in the region until the early 20th century. It was used across a wide geographic area including western or Russian Turkestan (i.e. parts of modern-day Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan), Eastern Turkestan (where a dialect, known as Kaşğar tılı, developed), Crimea, the Volga region (such as Tatarstan and Bashkortostan), etc. Chagatai is the direct ancestor of the Uzbek and Uyghur languages. Kazakh and Turkmen, which are not within the Karluk branch but are in the Kipchak and Oghuz branches of the Turkic languages respectively, were nonetheless heavily influenced by Chagatai for centuries.

Ali-Shir Nava'i was the greatest representative of Chagatai literature.
2024 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship
The 2024 Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship was the 130th staging of the Kilkenny Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Kilkenny County Board in 1887. The championship ran from 14 September to 27 October 2024.

O'Loughlin Gaels were the defending champions. Nine-time champions James Stephens's relegation brought an end to 59 years of top tier hurling for the club.

The final was played on 27 October 2024 at UPMC Nowlan Park in Kilkenny, between O'Loughlin Gaels and Thomastown, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Thomastown won the match by 0-18 to 0-07 to claim their second championship title overall and a first title in 78 years.

Thomastown's Robbie Donnelly was the championship's top scorer with 0-29.

Nowlan Park
Nowlan Park (/ˈnoʊlən/; Páirc Uí Nualláin), known for sponsorship reasons as UPMC Nowlan Park, is the principal Gaelic Athletic Association stadium in Kilkenny, Ireland. Named after James Nowlan, the longest serving President of the GAA, the stadium hosts major hurling matches and is home to the Kilkenny hurling team. It opened in 1927, replacing St. James Park.
Bohlke
Bohlke, Böhlke or Boehlke is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andrea Boehlke, contestant on Survivor: Redemption Island

Bain Boehlke, American actor

Ardyce Bohlke (1943–2013), American educator and politician

Erich Böhlke (1895–1979), German conductor and composer

Eugenia Brandt Böhlke (1928–2001), American ichthyologist

Hellmuth Böhlke, (1893–1956), Nazi Germany general

James Erwin Böhlke (1930–1982), American ichthyologist

Sanders Bohlke (born 1984), American songwriter and recording artist

Bain Boehlke
Bain Boehlke is an American film and theater actor. In addition to his theatrical career, Boehlke is perhaps best known for such films as Fargo and Four Boxes.

Boehlke is also the founder and former artistic director of the Jungle Theater in Minneapolis, Minnesota.