hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Paul Rothemund (chemist, born 1904)
Paul Wilhelm Karl Rothemund (January 13, 1904 – 1970) was a chemist who developed reactions related to porphyrins. The Rothemund reaction the still-classic process for the synthesis of these compounds is named for him. His grandson Paul W. K. Rothemund is also a chemist.

Rothemund worked in the lab of Hans Fischer in Germany prior to being recruited by Charles F. Kettering in 1930 to come to Antioch College to study photosynthesis and chlorophyll. In addition to being full professor at Antioch, he was affiliated with Ohio State University, ultimately becoming head of the chemistry department at the OSU Lima campus.

In addition to his own porphyrin work, Rothemund had graduate students who studied other pyrrole-based structures, including a project that demonstrated the macrocyclic nature of hexahydroporphine. That aspect is key to later interest in them as molecular containers for ion transport and molecular switches.

Molecular switch
A molecular switch is a molecule that can be switched between two or more stable or metastable states with the use of any external (exogenous) or internal (endogenous) stimuli, such as changes in pH, light, temperature, an electric current,  a microenvironment, or in the presence of ions, and other ligands. In some cases, a combination of stimuli is required. Molecular switches are reversible.  They have been considered for a wide area of possible applications, but the main uses are in photochromic lenses and windows.
Croton (plant)
Croton is an extensive plant genus in the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. The plants of this genus were described and introduced to Europeans by Georg Eberhard Rumphius.  The common names for this genus are rushfoil and croton, but the latter also refers to Codiaeum variegatum. The generic name comes from the Greek κρότος (krótos), which means "tick" and refers to the shape of the seeds of certain species.

Codiaeum variegatum
Codiaeum variegatum, commonly known as croton or variegated croton amongst many other names, is a species of plant in the Euphorbiaceae family. Initially described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753, its native range is from Java east to Fiji, and from the Philippines south to Queensland, Australia. It is widely cultivated and has been introduced to many other countries.
2012 CSIO Schweiz
The 2012 CSIO Schweiz (English: CSIO Switzerland) was the 2012 edition of the CSIO Schweiz, the Swiss official show jumping horse show, at Gründenmoos in St. Gallen. It was held as CSIO 5*.

The first horse show were held 1884 at St. Gallen. Up to the 1970s the CSIO Schweiz was held on year in Geneva and the next year in Lucerne. In the next years, up to 2006, the CSIO Schweiz was held one year in St. Gallen and in the outer year in Lucerne. Since 2007 each year the CSIO Schweiz are held in St. Gallen.

The 2012 edition of the CSIO Schweiz was held between May 31, 2012 and June 3, 2012.

Show jumping
Show jumping is a part of a group of English riding equestrian events that also includes eventing, hunters, and equitation. Jumping classes are commonly seen at horse shows throughout the world, including the Olympics. Sometimes shows are limited exclusively to jumpers. Sometimes jumper classes are offered in conjunction with other English-style events. Sometimes, show jumping is but one division of a very large, all-breed competition that includes a very wide variety of disciplines. Jumping classes may be governed by various national horse show sanctioning organizations, such as the United States Equestrian Federation or the British Showjumping Association.  International competitions are governed by the rules of the International Federation for Equestrian Sports.
Anwar Arudin
Anwar Arudin (born 9 July 1984) is a Malaysian cricketer. He played in the 2014 ICC World Cricket League Division Three tournament. He was named the captain of Malaysia for the 2018 ICC World Cricket League Division Four tournament, also held in Malaysia.

He was in Malaysia's squad for the 2018 Asia Cup Qualifier tournament. In October 2018, he was named in Malaysia's squad in the Eastern sub-region group for the 2018–19 ICC World Twenty20 Asia Qualifier tournament.

In June 2019, he was named in Malaysia's squad for the 2019 Malaysia Tri-Nation Series tournament. He made his Twenty20 International (T20I) debut in a five-wicket Malaysian victory over Thailand, on 24 June 2019.

2014 ICC World Cricket League Division Three
The 2014 ICC World Cricket League Division Three was a cricket divisional tournament organised by the International Cricket Council. It formed part of the ICC World Cricket League (WCL) and qualification for the 2019 World Cup. The top two teams in the tournament, Nepal and Uganda, qualified for the 2015 WCL Division Two tournament, to be held in Namibia, while the bottom two teams, United States and Bermuda, were relegated to the 2016 WCL Division Four tournament.

Malaysia hosted the event, from 23 to 30 October 2014. It was originally scheduled to be held in Uganda, but in September 2014 the ICC shifted the tournament to Malaysia due to security concerns, at the suggestion of the Malaysian Cricket Association. Players from Bermuda and the United States had indicated they would not take part in the tournament if it was held in Uganda.
MohBad
Ilerioluwa Oladimeji Alobalistenⓘ (3 January 1996 – 12 September 2023), known professionally as MohBad, was a Nigerian rapper, singer, and songwriter. Mohbad was formerly signed to Naira Marley's Marlian Records and left the label in 2022. He was best known for his hit songs "Ponmo," "Peace," "Beast and Peace," "Sorry", "Feel Good," and "KPK (Ko Por Ke)" with Rexxie, which was nominated three times for The Headies awards in 2022. On 18 September 2023, he ranked number 1 on TurnTable's Official Artiste Top 100.

National Drug Law Enforcement Agency
The National Drug Law Enforcement Agency (NDLEA) is a federal law enforcement agency in Nigeria under the Federal Ministry of Justice charged with eliminating the growing, processing, manufacturing, selling, exporting, and trafficking of hard drugs. The agency was established by Decree Number 48 of 1989. The NDLEA is present in international airports, seaports, and border crossings. The NDLEA also targets the leaders of narcotics and money laundering organizations.
Juan Ibiza
Juan Fernández Blanco (born 17 August 1995), known as Juan Ibiza (IPA: [ˈxwan iˈβiθa]), is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a central defender for K League 1 club Incheon United, on loan from Thai League 1 club Buriram United.

Incheon United FC
Incheon United FC (Korean: 인천 유나이티드 FC) is a South Korean professional football club based in Incheon that competes in the K League 1, the top tier of South Korean football. Founded in 2003, the club is a so-called "community club", with the government of the city of Incheon being its key shareholder. The club's home stadium is the Incheon Football Stadium.
Area code 985
Area code 985 is the telephone area code in the North American Numbering Plan for southeastern Louisiana, excluding the inner ring of the New Orleans area. The area code was created in 2001 in an area code split of area code 504.

Area code 985 also used to include areas southeast of New Orleans. However, in 2007, these areas switched back to 504. These communities are on both sides of the Mississippi River in "lower" Plaquemines Parish, including Pointe à la Hache on the east bank, with Port Sulphur, Buras, and Boothville on the west bank.  The area's local switching facilities were almost destroyed due to flooding from Hurricane Katrina. Since the nearest switching facilities were in New Orleans, it was decided to put these downriver communities back in 504.  Permissive use of 504 alongside 985 to reach these areas once again began on July 29, 2007; mandatory use of 504 began on July 1, 2008.

Pointe à la Hache, Louisiana
Pointe à la Hache (/ˌpɔɪnt lə ˈhæʃ/ POYNT lə HASH) is a census-designated place (CDP) and unincorporated community in Plaquemines Parish, Louisiana, United States. Located on the east bank of the Mississippi River, the village has been the seat for Plaquemines Parish since the formation of the parish. As of the 2020 census, its population was 183, less than half its 1930 population. It suffered severe damage from Hurricane Katrina in 2005 and Tropical Storm Lee in 2011.

The Pointe à la Hache Ferry, which connects to West Pointe à la Hache across the Mississippi, is the furthest downriver vehicle crossing point on the river.

Pointe à la Hache was the home of E. W. Gravolet, a cannery businessman. He was elected to both houses of the Louisiana State Legislature from Plaquemines Parish, serving in total from 1948 until his death in 1968.
Mike Menning
Marion "Mike" Menning (born July 27, 1945) is a former politician and a former member of the Minnesota Senate and the Minnesota House of Representatives from southwestern Minnesota. He was first elected to the House as a representative of District 26A in 1974, served one term, and then ran successfully for the District 26 senate seat in 1976. He was re-elected to the Senate in 1980. Because of the 1980 redistricting, that term was two years in duration. He represented all or portions of Murray, Nobles, Pipestone and Rock counties.

Minnesota Senate
The Minnesota Senate is the upper house of the legislature of the U.S. state of Minnesota. At 67 members, half as many as the Minnesota House of Representatives, it is the largest upper house of any U.S. state legislature. Floor sessions are held in the west wing of the State Capitol in Saint Paul. Committee hearings, as well as offices for senators and staff, are located north of the State Capitol in the Minnesota Senate Building. Each member of the Minnesota Senate represents approximately 85,000 constituents.
Amherst Center for Russian Culture
The Amherst Center for Russian Culture was created by Amherst College in Amherst, Massachusetts after the gift of a major collection of Russian books, manuscripts, periodicals and ephemera by Thomas P. Whitney in 1991.  The Center has a particularly strong collection of works by and relating to Russian emigres.  Subsequent major gifts of material have come from Dmitri Tarasenkov and George Ivask.

The center has a gallery for the display of over 50 works of Russian art from the collection that was donated to the college by Thomas P. Whitney.

Thomas P. Whitney
Thomas Porter Whitney (January 26, 1917 in Toledo, Ohio – December 2, 2007 in Manhattan, New York) was an American diplomat, author, translator, philanthropist and Thoroughbred racehorse owner/breeder.
Jasidih Junction railway station
Jasidih Junction (station code: JSME) is the busiest railway station of Jharkhand, in terms of train frequency and fourth in terms of footfalls after Dhanbad, Tatanagar and Ranchi and serving as the satellite station of Deoghar city in the Deoghar district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Many premium trains halt here like Howrah Rajdhani (via Patna), Howrah - New Delhi Duronto, Poorva Express, Kolkata - Patna Garib Rath, Shalimar Patna Duronto Express and recently launched Patna-Howrah Vande Bharat Express and Varanasi–Deoghar Vande Bharat Express. It has also been included under the Amrit Bharat Station Scheme and is waiting to be upgraded with world-class services.

Ranchi Junction railway station
Ranchi Junction railway station (station code: RNC) is the NSG-2 category railway station serving the capital city of Ranchi in the Ranchi district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Ranchi station is also the headquarters of the Ranchi division of the South Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. The Ranchi Junction railway station is connected to most of the major cities in India by the railway network.

Ranchi has trains running to Delhi, Kolkata, Dhanbad, Varanasi, Rourkela, Hyderabad, Bangalore, Mumbai, Pune, Chennai, Kamakhya, Deoghar, Bhagalpur, Jammu, Surat, Eranakulam and Patna. The city is a major railway hub and has four major stations: Ranchi Junction, Hatia, Tatisilwai and Namkon. It is one of the top hundred booking stations.

The total number of trains that pass through Ranchi (RNC) junction is 120.
Singapore at the 1996 Summer Paralympics
Singapore competed at the 1996 Summer Paralympics in Atlanta, United States. Three competitors from Singapore competed in a total of two sports (athletics and cycling), and did not place in the medal table.

1996 Summer Paralympics medal table
The 1996 Summer Paralympics medal table is a list of National Paralympic Committees (NPCs) ranked by the number of gold medals won by their athletes during the 1996 Summer Paralympics, held in Atlanta, Georgia, United States, from August 16 to August 25, 1996.
Channel 27 TV stations in Canada
The following television stations broadcast on digital or analog channel 27 in Canada:

CBWT-DT in Winnipeg, Manitoba

CFMT-DT-2 in Ottawa, Ontario

CHAU-DT-11 in Kedgwick, New Brunswick

CHBC-DT in Kelowna, British Columbia

CHNB-DT-3 in Moncton, New Brunswick

CIII-DT-27 in Peterborough, Ontario

CKVU-DT-2 in Victoria, British Columbia

CHBC-DT
CHBC-DT (channel 2) is a television station in Kelowna, British Columbia, Canada, owned and operated by the Global Television Network, a division of Corus Entertainment. Its main transmitter is located on Blue Grouse Mountain in the Regional District of Central Okanagan.

Since the dismantling of the former E! television system and its switch to Global, CHBC has effectively operated as a semi-satellite of sister station CHAN-DT in Vancouver, airing the majority of its programming in pattern, but with evening newscasts covering the Okanagan region produced from studios on Leon Avenue (near Water Street) in Downtown Kelowna. Due to cost cutting measures by Corus, CHBC's local newscasts began to be produced from CHAN-DT's studios in August 2024, presented by a single anchor with contributions from local reporters.
Rockliff
Rockliff is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jeremy Rockliff (born 1970), Australian politician

Mara Rockliff, American author

Tom Rockliff (born 1990), Australian rules footballer

Tom Rockliff
Thomas Rockliff (born 22 February 1990) is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played for the Port Adelaide Football Club and previously played for the Brisbane Lions Football Club for 154 games between 2009 and 2017. In 2008 Rockliff, a medium-sized, smart and creative forward, was the leading goalkicker in the TAC Cup with 59 goals and won the Murray Bushrangers' best and fairest award, but was overlooked in the main draft. He was, however, drafted by the Brisbane Lions with the fifth selection in the 2009 pre-season draft. He served as the captain of the Brisbane Lions in 2015 and 2016.
Phrynobatrachus minutus
Phrynobatrachus minutus is a species of frog in the family Phrynobatrachidae. It is endemic to Ethiopia and occurs in the central and southern parts of the country on both sides of the Rift Valley; its range may extend south to Kenya, perhaps further. Some earlier records from Ethiopia represent Phrynobatrachus inexpectatus, described as a new species in 2001. The specific name minutus refers to the small size of this frog. Common names tiny river frog and Ethiopian dwarf puddle frog have been coined for it.

Great Rift Valley, Ethiopia
The Great Rift Valley of Ethiopia, (or Main Ethiopian Rift or Ethiopian Rift Valley) is a branch of the East African Rift that runs through Ethiopia in a southwest direction from the Afar triple junction. In the past, it was seen as part of a "Great Rift Valley" that ran from Mozambique to Syria. Known for its scenery and diverse wildlife in Ethiopia specifically the Rift Valley holds importance in the field of human evolution. It is recognized as an area for researching the stages of human development with crucial fossil findings such, as Lucy (Australopithecus afarensis) unearthed within its bounds.
Prostaglandin EP1 receptor
Prostaglandin E2 receptor 1 (EP1) is a 42kDa prostaglandin receptor encoded by the PTGER1 gene. EP1 is one of four identified EP receptors, EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4 which bind with and mediate cellular responses principally to prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and also but generally with lesser affinity and responsiveness to certain other prostanoids (see Prostaglandin receptors). Animal model studies have implicated EP1 in various physiological and pathological responses. However, key differences in the distribution of EP1 between these test animals and humans as well as other complicating issues make it difficult to establish the function(s) of this receptor in human health and disease.

Prostanoid
In molecular biology, prostanoids are active lipid mediators that regulate inflammatory response. Prostanoids are a subclass of eicosanoids consisting of the prostaglandins (mediators of inflammatory and anaphylactic reactions), the thromboxanes (mediators of vasoconstriction), and the prostacyclins (active in the resolution phase of inflammation). Prostanoids are seen to target NSAIDS which allow for therapeutic potential. Prostanoids are present within areas of the body such as the gastrointestinal tract, urinary tract, respiratory and cardiovascular systems, reproductive tract and vascular system. Prostanoids can even be seen with aid to the water and ion transportation within cells.
Zhuravlino
Zhuravlino (Russian: Журавлино) is a rural locality (Russian: село, lit. 'village') and the administrative center of Lobazovsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Oktyabrsky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  223 (2010 census); 219 (2002 census);

Kursk Oblast
Kursk Oblast (Russian: Курская область, romanized: Kurskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [ˈkurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk. As of the 2021 census, Kursk Oblast had a population of 1,082,458.
Listed buildings in Ulley
Ulley, is a civil parish in the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England.  The parish contains five listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".  The parish contains the village of Ulley and the surrounding area, and all the listed buildings are houses and associated structures within the village.

Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham
The Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham is a metropolitan borough of South Yorkshire, England. It is named after its main settlement of Rotherham. The wider borough spans a larger area and covers the outlying towns of Maltby, Swinton, Wath-upon-Dearne, Dinnington. As well as the villages of Rawmarsh and Laughton. A large valley spans the entire borough and is referred to as the "Rother Valley".

The district was formed on 1 April 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, as a merger of the County Borough of Rotherham, with Maltby, Rawmarsh, Swinton and Wath-upon-Dearne urban districts along with Rotherham Rural District and Kiveton Park Rural District.

Rotherham Metropolitan Borough Council is one of the safest Labour councils in the United Kingdom, although the number of Labour council seats dropped from 92% to 79% in 2014 following the Rotherham child sexual exploitation scandal.
Eddy Yusuf
Eddy Yusuf (4 December 1955 – 8 March 2022) was an Indonesian politician. A member of the Democratic Party and later the People's Conscience Party, he served as Deputy Governor of South Sumatra from 2008 to 2013 and Regent of Ogan Komering Ulu from 2003 to 2008. He died in Baturaja on 8 March 2022, at the age of 66.

Ogan Komering Ulu Regency
Ogan Komering Ulu Regency is a regency of South Sumatra, Indonesia. It formerly covered an area of 10,408 km2 with a population of around 1,000,000 people; however on 18 December 2003 parts of this area were split off to form separate regencies of East Ogan Komering Ulu and South Ogan Komering Ulu; the residual regency area covers just 4,797.06 km2 and had a population of 324,045 at the 2010 Census and 367,603 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 390,048 (comprising 199,719 males and 190,329 females). The administrative centre is the town of Baturaja.
Karakaska
Karakaska (Kazakh: Қарақасқа; Russian: Каракаска) is a salt lake in the Aktogay District, Pavlodar Region, Kazakhstan.

The lake lies 54 kilometers (34 mi) to the southwest of Aktogay, the district capital. The area surrounding the lake is used for livestock grazing.

Salt lake
A salt lake or saline lake is a landlocked body of water that has a concentration of salts (typically sodium chloride) and other dissolved minerals significantly higher than most lakes (often defined as at least three grams of salt per liter). In some cases, salt lakes have a higher concentration of salt than sea water; such lakes can also be termed hypersaline lake, and may also be pink lakes on account of their color. An alkalic salt lake that has a high content of carbonate is sometimes termed a soda lake.

Salt lakes are classified according to salinity levels. The formation of these lakes is influenced by processes such as evaporation and deposition. Salt lakes face serious conservation challenges due to climate change, pollution and water diversion.
San Jose and Randall station
San Jose and Randall station is a light rail stop on the Muni Metro J Church line, located in the median of San Jose Avenue at the north end of the Bernal Cut in the Bernal Heights neighborhood of San Francisco, California. The stop has two side platforms, each with an accessible mini-high platform.

Bernal Heights, San Francisco
Bernal Heights (/ˈbɜːrnəl/ BUR-nəl) is a residential neighborhood in southeastern San Francisco, California. The prominent Bernal Heights hill overlooks the San Francisco skyline and features a microwave transmission tower. The nearby Sutro Tower can be seen from the Bernal Heights neighborhood.
Per Aunet
Per Aunet (born 14 April 1940, in Stjørdal Municipality) is a Norwegian politician for the Socialist Left Party, an environmentalist in the Norwegian Society for the Conservation of Nature (NNV) and an associate professor in biology at Nord-Trøndelag University College.

Norwegian Society for the Conservation of Nature
The Norwegian Society for the Conservation of Nature (Norwegian: Norges Naturvernforbund, NNV), also known as Friends of the Earth Norway, is one of the largest Norwegian environmental organisations with approximately 43,000 members. The organisation is based on a volunteer work among the members, constituting work both at local and national levels. Norges Naturvernforbund works within a large range of environmental areas. The organisation is affiliated with Friends of the Earth, and member of INFORSE-Europe.
Erskine Village
Erskine Village is a shopping mall in South Bend, Indiana, United States. It opened in 2004 on the site of the former Scottsdale Mall, an enclosed shopping mall which featured L. S. Ayres, Ayr-Way (later Target), and Montgomery Ward. After experiencing a decline in tenancy throughout the late 1980s and into the 1990s, the property was torn down in 2003 and redeveloped the following year as a strip mall. Tenants of Erskine Village include Target, Ross Dress for Less, TJ Maxx, and Kohl's.

Mishawaka, Indiana
Mishawaka (/ˌmɪʃəˈwɑːkə/) is a city on the St. Joseph River, in St. Joseph County, Indiana, United States. The population was 51,063 as of the 2020 census. Its nickname is "the Princess City". Mishawaka is a principal city of the South Bend-Mishawaka metropolitan area.