hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Boxing at the Summer Olympics
Boxing has been contested at every Summer Olympic Games since its introduction to the program at the 1904 Summer Olympics, except for the 1912 Summer Olympics in Stockholm, because Swedish law banned the sport at the time. The 2008 Summer Olympics were the final games with boxing as a male only event. Since the 2012 Summer Olympics, women's boxing is part of the program.

1904 Summer Olympics
The 1904 Summer Olympics (officially the Games of the III Olympiad and also known as St. Louis 1904) were an international multi-sport event held in St. Louis, Missouri, United States, from 1 July to 23 November 1904. Many events were conducted at what is now known as Francis Field on the campus of Washington University in St. Louis. This was the first time that the Olympic Games were held outside Europe.

Tensions caused by the Russo–Japanese War and difficulties in traveling to St. Louis resulted in very few top-class athletes from outside the United States and Canada taking part in the 1904 Games. Only 69–74 of the 651 athletes who competed came from outside North America, and only between 12 and 15 nations were represented in all. Some events subsequently combined the U.S. national championship with the Olympic championship. The current three-medal format of gold, silver and bronze for first, second and third place was introduced at the 1904 Olympics.
Live at Finsbury Park
Live at Finsbury Park is a video album by the American rock band Rage Against the Machine. The concert was recorded on 6 June 2010 at Finsbury Park in London. The concert was held in celebration of a successful campaign which propelled Killing in the Name into the Christmas number one spot on the UK Singles Chart in December 2009, beating out that year's The X Factor winner for the first time since 2005.

The X Factor
The X Factor is a television music competition franchise created by British producer Simon Cowell and his company Syco Entertainment. It originated in the United Kingdom, where it was devised as a replacement for Pop Idol (2001–2003), and has been adapted in various countries. The "X Factor" of the title refers to the undefinable "something" that makes for star quality.

Similar to Got Talent, the franchise maintains a YouTube channel, called X Factor Global. The channel uploads clips of X Factor shows from around the world. The channel currently has over 3 million subscribers. Additionally, many individual X Factor shows have their own YouTube channels such as X Factor Latvia.
Hager Ali
Hager Ali (Arabic: هاجر علي‎) is a German political scientist, university lecturer and freelance journalist. As research fellow at the German Institute for Global and Area Studies (GIGA) in Hamburg and freelance journalist, she has published articles on her research focusing on civil-military relations in authoritarian regimes in the Middle East and North Africa. She also communicates her research in German and international media, as well as in public events.

German Institute for Global and Area Studies
The German Institute for Global and Area Studies (German: Leibniz-Institut für Globale und Regionale Studien), also known as GIGA, is a German research institute. It analyses political, economic, and social developments in Africa, Asia, Latin America, as well as the Middle East. It combines its analysis with comparative research on international relations, development and globalisation, violence and security, and political systems. The institute is based in Hamburg and has an office in Berlin.

The GIGA is a member of the Leibniz Association.
Hans Möbius
Hans Möbius (2 February 1895, Frankfurt am Main – 28 November 1977, Bad Homburg) was a German classical archaeologist.

He studied at the Universities of Freiburg, Berlin and Marburg, receiving his doctorate at the latter institution in 1916 as a student of Paul Jacobsthal. From 1921 to 1928, he worked as an assistant to Ernst Buschor at the German Archaeological Institute at Athens, afterwards serving as a curator at the  Hessiches Landesmuseum in Kassel. In 1943 he became a professor at the University of Würzburg, where he was appointed manager of the Martin von Wagner Museum. From 1946 onward, he worked on Ernst Pfuhl's corpus of eastern Greek funerary sculpture, Die ostgriechischen Grabreliefs.

Bad Homburg
Bad Homburg vor der Höhe (German pronunciation: [baːt ˈhɔmbʊʁk foːɐ̯ deːɐ̯ ˈhøːə] ⓘ, lit. 'Bad Homburg before the Height') is the district town of the Hochtaunuskreis, Hesse, Germany, on the southern slope of the Taunus mountains. Bad Homburg is part of the Frankfurt Rhein-Main urban area. The town's official name is Bad Homburg v.d.Höhe, which distinguishes it from other places named Homburg.

The town has become best known for its mineral springs and spa (hence the prefix Bad, meaning "bath"), and for its casino.

As of 2004, the town used the marketing slogan Champagnerluft und Tradition (Champagne air and tradition).

As of 2021, Bad Homburg was one of the wealthiest towns in Germany (while the Hochtaunuskreis itself and the Landkreis Starnberg in Bavaria regularly vie for the title of the wealthiest district in Germany).
Frédéric Belaubre
Fred (Frédéric) Belaubre (born 14 February 1980 in Poissy), is a French professional triathlete. He was the European Champion of the years 2005, 2006, and 2008, the French Champion of the years 2007 and 2010. Belaubre took part in two Olympic Games, placing 5th in Athens (2004) and 10th in Beijing (2008).

Poissy
Poissy (French: [pwasi] ⓘ) is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France. It is located in the western suburbs of Paris, 23.8 km (14.8 mi) from the centre of Paris. Inhabitants are called Pisciacais in French.

Poissy is one of the oldest royal cities of Île-de-France, birthplace of Louis IX of France and Philip III of France, before being supplanted from the 15th century by Saint-Germain-en-Laye. In 1561, it was the site of a fruitless Catholic–Huguenot conference, the Colloquy of Poissy.

The area is known for hosting the Automobiles Gregoire successively, Matford, Ford SAF, Simca, Chrysler, Talbot factories and now hosts one of France's largest Peugeot factories. The "Simca Poissy engine" was made there.

Poissy is the 165th most populated city in Metropolitan France.
Yukalikul
Yukalikul (Russian: Юкаликуль; Bashkir: Йүкәлекүл, Yükälekül) is a rural locality (a village) in Takarlikovsky Selsoviet, Dyurtyulinsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 100 as of 2010. There are 2 streets.

Dyurtyulinsky District
Dyurtyulinsky District (Russian: Дюртюли́нский райо́н; Bashkir: Дүртөйлө районы, translit. Dürtöylö rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the northwest of the republic and borders with Kaltasinsky District in the north, Burayevsky District in the northeast and east, Birsky District in the east and southeast, Kushnarenkovsky and Chekmagushevsky Districts in the south, Ilishevsky District in the west, and with Krasnokamsky District in the northwest. The area of the district is 1,670 square kilometers (640 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Dyurtyuli (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 32,701.
Spanish ship Velasco
Four ships of the Spanish Navy have borne the name Velasco, after the Spanish naval commander Luis Vicente de Velasco (1711–1762):

Velasco, a sidewheel paddle steamer acquired in 1850 for use as a troopship and government mail steamer and decommissioned in 1868.

Velasco, a Velasco-class unprotected cruiser commissioned in 1882 and sunk in the Battle of Manila Bay in 1898.

Velasco, an Alsedo-class destroyer commissioned in 1924 and stricken in 1957.

Velasco (L-11), formerly USS Terrebonne Parish (LST-1156), a Terrebonne Parish-class tank landing ship acquired in 1971 and scrapped in 1994.

Paddle steamer
A paddle steamer is a steamship or steamboat powered by a steam engine driving paddle wheels to propel the craft through the water. Earlier ships that are driven by a paddle wheel under manual power are known as paddle wheelers.

In the early 19th century, paddle wheels were the predominant way of propulsion for steam-powered boats. In the late 19th century, paddle propulsion was largely superseded by the screw propeller and other marine propulsion systems that have a higher efficiency, especially in rough or open water.

Paddle wheels continue to be used by some ships that operate as excursion boats, floating restaurants, and casinos; these include replica vessels, and are often diesel powered.

Small pedal-powered paddle boats are also found, typically as novelty attractions.
Strip Law
Strip Law is an American adult animated sitcom created by Cullen Crawford for Netflix. The show is set at a law firm in a heightened version of Las Vegas and stars the voices of Adam Scott, Janelle James, Stephen Root, Shannon Gisela, and Keith David.

Adult animation
Adult animation is animation in the form of films and television series that is catered specifically to general interests and is mainly targeted and marketed towards teenagers, young adults, and mature audiences as opposed to children or all-ages audiences.
2014 Grozny bombing
The 2014 Grozny bombing was a terrorist attack in the city of Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russia. On October 5, 2014, a 19-year-old man named Opti Mudarov went to the town hall where an event was taking place to mark Grozny City Day celebrations coinciding with the birthday of Chechen President Ramzan Kadyrov. Police officers noticed him acting strangely and stopped him. The officers began to search him and the bomb which Mudarov had been carrying exploded. Five officers, along with the suicide bomber, were killed, while 12 others were wounded.

Head of the Chechen Republic
The head of the Chechen Republic or head of Chechnya (Chechen: Мехкада Нохчийн Республика, romanized: Mehkada Nohçiyn Respublika; Russian: Глава Чеченской Республики, romanized: Glava Chechenskoy Respubliki ; formerly president of the Chechen Republic or president of Chechnya until 5 March 2011) is the highest office within the political system of the Chechen Republic, as head of state and head of government of Chechnya. The office was instituted in 2003 during the course of the Second Chechen War, when the Russian federal government regained control over the region and after a constitutional referendum approved the current Constitution of the Chechen Republic.
Fernhurst
Fernhurst is a village and civil parish in the Chichester District of West Sussex, England, on the A286 Milford, Surrey, to Chichester road, 3 miles (4.8 km) south of Haslemere and 4 miles (6.4 km) north of Midhurst. The parish includes the settlements of Henley Common, Kingsley Green and Bell Vale, lies within the boundaries of the South Downs National Park and is surrounded by hills.

The area of the parish is 5,772 acres (2,336 ha). In the 2001 census there were 1,158 households with a total population of 2,765 of whom 1,244 were economically active. The population had increased to 2,942 at the 2011 Census.

South Downs National Park
The South Downs National Park is England's newest national park, designated on 31 March 2010. The park, covering an area of 1,627 square kilometres (628 sq mi) in southern England, stretches for 140 kilometres (87 mi) from Winchester in the west to Eastbourne in the east, through the counties of Hampshire, West Sussex and East Sussex. The national park covers the chalk hills of the South Downs (which on the English Channel coast form the white cliffs of the Seven Sisters and Beachy Head) and a substantial part of a separate physiographic region, the western Weald, with its heavily wooded sandstone and clay hills and vales. The South Downs Way spans the entire length of the park and is the only National Trail that lies wholly within a national park.
Pumpkin bread
Pumpkin bread is a type of moist quick bread made with pumpkin. The pumpkin can be cooked and softened before being used or simply baked with the bread; using canned pumpkin renders it a simpler dish to prepare. Additional ingredients include nuts (such as walnuts),raisins and chocolate chips.

Pumpkin bread is usually baked in a rectangular loaf pan and is often made in late fall when fresh pumpkins are available. It can be made into muffins by using a cupcake pan. It can also be made from canned pumpkin, resulting in a stronger pumpkin taste.

Chocolate chip
Chocolate chips or chocolate morsels are small chunks of sweetened chocolate, used as an ingredient in a number of desserts (notably chocolate chip cookies and muffins), in trail mix, and less commonly in some breakfast foods such as pancakes. They are often manufactured as teardrop-shaped volumes with flat circular bases; another variety of chocolate chips has the shape of rectangular or square blocks. They are available in various sizes, usually less than 3⁄8 in (10 mm) in diameter.
Economy of Scotland in the High Middle Ages
The economy of Scotland in the High Middle Ages for this article, is the economic situation in Scotland between 1058 and 1286 AD. The year 1058 saw the ascension of Malcolm III to the throne of Scotland. His reign marks a significant cultural, economic, and political shift away from Scandinavia and towards England and the European Continent – most noticeable in his marriage to Margaret, the sister of Edgar Aetheling, who was the primary dynastic rival to William I, Duke of Normandy, for the throne of England following the Norman Conquest of England in 1066. The end of this period is marked by the death of Alexander III in 1286, which then led indirectly to the Scottish Wars of Independence. This period corresponds roughly with the High Middle Ages in Europe, which is generally ascribed to the 11th to the 13th centuries and the Medieval Warm Period, which directly affected the Scottish agrarian economy.

Edgar Ætheling
Edgar Ætheling or Edgar II (c. 1052 – 1125 or after) was the last male member of the royal house of Cerdic of Wessex. He was elected King of England by the Witan in 1066 but never crowned. After exile and war against the Normans, Edgar migrated to Norman Apulia (modern-day Italy) and possibly partook in the First Crusade (or, at least, made pilgrimage to Jerusalem following its conquest). In later life, Edgar was entangled in Norman dynastic struggles before retiring to a quiet life in the countryside.
Discinella terrestris
Discinella terrestris is a species of fungus in the family Helotiaceae. It was first described as Helotium terrestre by Miles Joseph Berkeley and Christopher Edmund Broome in 1882, from collections made in Brisbane. R.W.G. Dennis transferred it to the genus Discinella in 1958.

Fruit bodies are orange to yellowish-orange discs up to 10 mm (0.4 in) in diameter. The cylindrical eight-spored asci are borne on long stalks, and measure 200–225 by 10–14 μm; spores are elliptical to spindle-shaped, contains two to four oil droplets, and measure 14–25 by 7.5–9 μm. Paraphyses are shaped like narrow cylinders about 2 μm thick, and have rounded tips. The species is found in Australia, where it grows on the floor of sclerophyllous eucalypt forests.

Paraphyses
Paraphyses are erect sterile filament-like support structures occurring among the reproductive apparatuses of fungi, ferns, bryophytes and some thallophytes.  The singular form of the word is paraphysis.

In certain fungi, they are part of the fertile spore-bearing layer. More specifically, paraphyses are sterile filamentous hyphal end cells composing part of the hymenium of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota interspersed among either the asci or basidia respectively, and not sufficiently differentiated to be called cystidia, which are specialized, swollen, often protruding cells.  The tips of paraphyses may contain the pigments which colour the hymenium.

In ferns and mosses, they are filament-like structures that are found on sporangia. They are found between clusters of archegonia and antheridia.
Crockett Cup (2025)
The 2025 iteration of the Crockett Cup was a professional wrestling tag team tournament produced by the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA). The event took place on May 17, 2025, at the 2300 Arena in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and aired on tape delay across seven episodes of NWA Powerrr on The Roku Channel.

Broadcast delay
In radio and television, broadcast delay is an intentional delay when broadcasting live material, technically referred to as a deferred live. Such a delay may be to prevent mistakes or unacceptable content from being broadcast. Longer delays lasting several hours can also be introduced so that the material is aired at a later scheduled time (such as the prime time hours, or in a different time zone) to maximize viewership. Tape delays lasting several hours can also be edited down to remove filler material or to trim a broadcast to the network's desired run time for a broadcast slot, but this is not always the case.
Vadu Izei
Vadu Izei (Hungarian: Farkasrév, Yiddish: וואד, romanized: Wad or Vad) is a commune in Maramureș County, Maramureș, Romania. The commune is composed of two villages, Vadu Izei and Valea Stejarului (until 1960 Valea Porcului; Hungarian: Disznópataka; Yiddish: סאנאפאטאק, romanized: Sanapotek).

The commune lies on the banks of the river Iza. It is located in the northern part of the county, close to the border with Ukraine.

Maramureș
Maramureș (Romanian: Maramureș pronounced [maraˈmureʃ] ⓘ; Rusyn: Мараморош; Ukrainian: Мармарощина, romanized: Marmaroshchyna; Hungarian: Máramaros [ˈmaːrɒmɒroʃ]) is a geographical, historical and cultural region in northern Romania and western Ukraine. It is situated in the northeastern Carpathians, along parts of the upper Tisza River drainage basin; it covers the Maramureș Depression and the surrounding Carpathian mountains.

Alternatively, the term Maramureș is also used for the Maramureș County of Romania, which contains the southern section of the historical region.
Take Me to Paris
Take Me to Paris is a 1951 British second feature ('B') comedy film directed by Jack Raymond and starring Albert Modley, Roberta Huby and Bruce Seton. It  was written by Max Catto and made at Walton Studios.

Walton Studios
Walton Studios, previously named Hepworth Studios and Nettlefold Studios, was a film production studio in Walton-on-Thames in Surrey, England. Hepworth was a pioneering studio in the early 20th century and released the first film adaptation of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (Alice in Wonderland, 1903).

The decline of the British cinematic production industry in the mid-20th century led to a decline in work for the facility, and after failing to financially survive as a television production outlet it was eventually closed in 1961. The studio was subsequently demolished and the land was sold for house-building.
Niewodowo
Niewodowo [ɲɛvɔˈdɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Piątnica, within Łomża County, Podlaskie Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland.

Four Polish citizens were murdered by Nazi Germany in the village during World War II.

Łomża County
Łomża County (Polish: powiat łomżyński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Podlaskie Voivodeship, north-eastern Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Łomża, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The only towns in Łomża County are Nowogród, which lies 16 km (10 mi) north-west of Łomża, and Jedwabne, 20 km (12 mi) north-east of Łomża.

The county covers an area of 1,353.93 square kilometres (522.8 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 50,914, out of which the population of Nowogród is 2,155, that of Jedwabne is 1,626, and the rural population is 47,133.
PlayStation Magazine Ufficiale
PlayStation Magazine Ufficiale, also known by the acronym PSMU, initially named as Ufficiale PlayStation Magazine and after as PlayStation 2 Magazine Ufficiale, is the Italian edition of PlayStation: The Official Magazine video game magazine, specializing in all Sony video game consoles and handheld gaming platforms. The magazine features previews, reviews, and cheat codes for Sony games.

Video game journalism
Video game journalism (or video game criticism) is a branch of journalism concerned with the reporting and discussion of video games, typically based on a core "reveal–preview–review" cycle. With the prevalence and rise of independent media online, online publications and blogs have grown.
Rajat Moona
Rajat Moona (born 28 March 1965) is the Director of Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar from October 2022 onwards. He has also served as Director of Indian Institute of Information Technology, Vadodara on additional Charge Basis from 2023 till 2024. He has served as director at Indian Institute of Technology, Bhilai from March 2017 to September 2022. He is also a professor of Computer Science and Engineering at IIT Kanpur from April 1991 and was Director General of Centre for Development of Advanced Computing from May 2011 to March 2017.

Computer science and engineering
Computer science and engineering (CSE) is an academic subject comprising approaches of computer science and computer engineering. There is no clear division in computing between science and engineering, just like in the field of materials science and engineering. However, some classes are historically more related to computer science (e.g. data structures and algorithms), and other to computer engineering (e.g. computer architecture). CSE is also a term often used  in Europe to translate the name of technical or engineering informatics academic programs. It is offered in both undergraduate as well postgraduate with specializations.
Motownphilly
"Motownphilly" is the debut single by American vocal harmony group Boyz II Men, released in April 1991 by Motown as the first single from their debut album, Cooleyhighharmony (1991). Co-written and produced by Dallas Austin, the song was a success, peaking at number three on the US Billboard Hot 100. Michael Bivins, who co-wrote the song, provides a guest rap during the bridge. The song's title is a portmanteau of two of the group's main musical influences: 1960s Motown and 1970s Philly soul.

The accompanying music video for the song was filmed in various locations in the group's hometown of Philadelphia. Two new jack swing groups, Another Bad Creation and Bell Biv DeVoe, are mentioned in the lyrics. They appear briefly in the video, as does Sudden Impact, a short-lived R&B group organized by Bivins. Additionally, Questlove appears briefly as a drummer, due to his previous relationship with the group from high school.

Philadelphia soul
Philadelphia soul, sometimes called Philly soul, the Philadelphia sound, Phillysound, or The Sound of Philadelphia (TSOP), is a genre of late 1960s–1970s soul music characterized by funk influences and lush string and horn arrangements. The genre laid the groundwork for the emergence of disco later in the 1970s by fusing the R&B rhythm sections of the 1960s with the pop vocal tradition, and featuring a more pronounced jazz influence in its melodic structures and arrangements. Fred Wesley, trombonist with the J.B.'s and Parliament-Funkadelic, described the Philadelphia soul sound as "putting the bow tie on funk."