hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Baron of Cromar
Baron of Cromar was a title in the Baronage of Scotland. It was a feudal barony with its caput baronium at Migvie Castle in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. The Earls of Mar held the barony until transferred to the Duke of Fife.

Caput baroniae
In the customs of the kingdom of England, the caput baroniae (from Latin 'head of the barony') was the ancient, or chief, seat or castle of a nobleman, which was not to be divided among the daughters upon his death, in case there be no son to inherit. Instead, it was to descend entirely to the eldest daughter caeteris filiabus aliunde satisfactis, 'other daughters having been satisfied elsewhere'.

The Leges Henrici Primi stated that a lord's tenants would have to go to the caput of the lord, even if it was in another county.‍

The central settlement in an Anglo-Saxon multiple estate was called a caput‍(also short for caput baroniae). The word is also used for the centre of administration of a hundred as well as the early feudal honour.
1997 Croke Cup
The 1997 Croke Cup was the 46th staging of the Croke Cup since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1944. The competition ran from 13 April to 27 April 1997.

St Kieran's College were the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Good Counsel College in the Leinster final.

The final was played on 27 April 1997 at Croke Park in Dublin, between St Colman's College and Good Counsel College, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. St Colman's College won the match by 4–20 to 0–09 to claim their second Croke Cup title overall and a first title in 20 years.

Neil Ronan was the top scorer with 3-18.

Dr Croke Cup
The All-Ireland Post-Primary Schools Croke Cup, is an annual inter-schools hurling competition organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association. It is the highest inter-schools hurling competition in Ireland, and has been contested every year, except on two occasions, since 1944.

The All-Ireland final, usually held in March, serves as the culmination of a knockout series of games played in February and March. Currently, qualification for the All-Ireland series is limited to teams competing in Connacht, Leinster and Munster. Eligible players must be under the age of 19.

The title has been won at least once by 17 different schools, nine of which have won the title more than once. The all-time record-holders are St Kieran's College, who have won the competition 24 times.

St Kieran's College are the current champions, having beaten St. Raphael's College by 0-26 to 1-18 in the 2024 All-Ireland final.
Psilocybe quebecensis
Psilocybe quebecensis (preferred synonym: Psilocybe aztecorum) is a moderately active hallucinogenic mushroom in the section Aztecorum, having psilocybin and psilocin as main active compounds. Native to Quebec, it is the most northern known psilocybin mushroom after Psilocybe semilanceata in northern Scandinavia.
Macroscopically this mushroom somewhat resembles Psilocybe baeocystis.

Cystidium
A cystidium (pl.: cystidia) is a relatively large cell found on the sporocarp of a basidiomycete (for example, on the surface of a mushroom gill), often between clusters of basidia. Since cystidia have highly varied and distinct shapes that are often unique to a particular species or genus, they are a useful micromorphological characteristic in the identification of basidiomycetes. In general, the adaptive significance of cystidia is not well understood.
Langley Centre
Langley Centre is an on-street bus exchange located in downtown Langley City, British Columbia, Canada. As part of the TransLink system, it serves the municipalities of Langley City and Langley Township with routes to Surrey, Maple Ridge, and White Rock, that provide connections to SkyTrain and the West Coast Express rail services for travel towards Vancouver.

West Coast Express
The West Coast Express (reporting mark WCE) is a commuter railway serving the Lower Mainland region of British Columbia, Canada. It is owned and operated by the region's transit authority, TransLink. Opened in 1995, it provides a link between Metro Vancouver and the Fraser Valley Regional District and is the only commuter railway in Western Canada. In 2024, the system had a ridership of 1,559,100, or about 7,000 per weekday as of the third quarter of 2025.

Service is provided between Downtown Vancouver and the municipalities of Port Moody, Coquitlam, Port Coquitlam, Pitt Meadows, Maple Ridge, and Mission. Along its route, several stations interchange with the SkyTrain metropolitan rail system as well as local bus services. Additionally, Waterfront station in Downtown Vancouver provides a connection to the SeaBus passenger ferry.
René Gateaux
René Eugène Gateaux (French: [ʁəne øʒɛn ɡɑto]; 5 May 1889 – 3 October 1914) was a French mathematician. He is principally known for the Gateaux derivative, used in the calculus of variations and in the theory of optimal control. He died in combat during World War I. Paul Lévy produced a posthumous edition of his works, extending them considerably, in his Leçons d'analyse fonctionnelle of 1922.

Collège de France
The Collège de France (French pronunciation: [kɔlɛʒ də fʁɑ̃s] ⓘ; formerly known as the Collège Royal or as the Collège impérial), founded in 1530 by François I, is a higher education and research establishment (grand établissement) in France. It is located in Paris near La Sorbonne. The Collège de France has been considered to be France's most prestigious research establishment. It is an associate member of PSL University.

Research and teaching are closely linked at the Collège de France, whose ambition is to teach "the knowledge that is being built up in all fields of literature, science and the arts".
Star Wars: The Last Jedi (soundtrack)
Star Wars: The Last Jedi – Original Motion Picture Soundtrack is the film score to the 2017 film of the same name composed and conducted by John Williams and performed by the Hollywood Studio Symphony. The album was released by Walt Disney Records on December 15, 2017, in digipak CD, Jewel case CD, digital formats, and streaming services.

The score received generally positive reviews from critics, who primarily praised the score's emotional sound and expansion of themes from the Original Trilogy and The Force Awakens, though some criticized the score for relying too heavily on older themes, especially on the soundtrack album. Williams was nominated for an Oscar, Grammy, and a Saturn Award for his work on the score.

Saturn Awards
The Saturn Awards are American awards presented annually by the Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy and Horror Films. The awards were created to honor science fiction, fantasy, and horror in film, but have since grown to reward other films belonging to genre fiction, as well as television and home media releases. The Saturn Awards were created in 1973 and were originally referred to as Golden Scrolls.
Central Missouri Mules basketball
The Central Missouri Mules basketball team represents the University of Central Missouri in Warrensburg, Missouri, in the NCAA Division II men's basketball competition (the school's women's basketball team is known as the "Jennies"). The team is currently coached by Doug Karleskint, who replaced Kim Anderson after his departure to become head coach at the University of Missouri. The Mules currently compete and are one of two founding members of the Mid-America Intercollegiate Athletics Association (MIAA). The basketball team plays its home games in the Multipurpose Building on campus.

University of Central Missouri
The University of Central Missouri (UCM) is a public university in Warrensburg, Missouri, United States.

In 2024, enrollment was 13,734 students from 48 states and 52 countries on its 1,561-acre campus. UCM offers 150 programs of study, including 10 pre-professional programs, 27 areas of teacher certification, and 37 graduate programs.
Minor (given name)
Minor is a masculine given name. Notable people with this name include:

Minor J. Coon (1921–2018), American biochemist

Minor Hall (1897–1959), American jazz drummer

Minor Cooper Keith (1848–1929), American businessman

Minor Watson (1889–1965), American character actor

Minor White (1908–1976), American photographer

Minor Watson
Minor Watson (December 22, 1889 – July 28, 1965) was a prominent character actor. He appeared in 111 movies made between 1913 and 1956. His credits included Boys Town (1938), Yankee Doodle Dandy (1942), Kings Row (1942), Guadalcanal Diary (1943), Bewitched (1945), The Virginian (1946), and The Jackie Robinson Story (1950)
Jason Gonzalez (fighter)
Jason Gonzalez (born February 28, 1990, in Torrance, California) is an American professional mixed martial artist who formerly competed in the lightweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship.

Torrance, California
Torrance is a city in the Los Angeles metropolitan area in southwestern Los Angeles County, California, United States, neighboring Redondo Beach, Rolling Hills Estates, Palos Verdes Estates, and Lomita. The city is part of what is known as the South Bay region. Torrance has a moderate year-round climate with average rainfall of 12 inches (300 mm) per year. Torrance has one and a half miles (2.4 km) of beachfront abutting Santa Monica Bay and 30 parks. It is the birthplace of the American Youth Soccer Organization (AYSO). The population was 147,067 at the 2020 census, and was estimated at 139,576 in 2024.
Joseph Dwyer (physicist)
Joseph R. Dwyer (born 1963) is an American physicist known for his lightning research. He is a professor of physics at the University of New Hampshire. Dwyer received his Ph.D. in physics from the University of Chicago in 1994 and worked on cosmic-ray physics and gamma-ray astronomy as a research scientist at Columbia University and the University of Maryland before joining the faculty at the Florida Institute of Technology in 2000. After moving to Melbourne, Florida, Dwyer became interested in lightning physics and his research now focuses on high-energy radiation production from thunderstorms and lightning. In 2002, Dwyer and collaborators discovered that rocket-triggered lightning produced large quantities of x-rays, allowing for first the time detailed studies of an atmospheric phenomenon known as runaway breakdown. In 2014, Dwyer left the Florida Institute of Technology and joined the University of New Hampshire.

Melbourne, Florida
Melbourne (MEL-burn) is a city in Brevard County, Florida, United States. It is located 72 miles (116 km) southeast of Orlando along Florida's Space Coast, so named because of the region's proximity to Cape Canaveral and the Kennedy Space Center. The city had an estimated population of 87,561 as of July 1, 2024, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Melbourne is a principal city of the Palm Bay–Melbourne–Titusville metropolitan statistical area. Downtown Melbourne and most of the city lie inland of the Indian River Lagoon, with a small part extending over to the barrier island.
Lighty (surname)
Lighty is a surname. Notable people with this surname include:

Chris Lighty (1968–2012), American music industry executive

Darren Lighty (born 1969), American hip-hop and R&B record producer and songwriter

David Lighty (born 1988) American professional basketball player

JoAnn Slama Lighty, American chemical engineer

Scott Lighty (born 1978), American kickboxer and mixed martial artist

Chris Lighty
Darrel Steven "Chris" Lighty (May 8, 1968 – August 30, 2012) was an American music manager and record producer. He co-founded Violator, a record label, management and marketing company, which represented hip hop and R&B artists such as Busta Rhymes,  A Tribe Called Quest, Nas, Mobb Deep, Missy Elliott, LL Cool J, Noreaga, Prodigy, 50 Cent, Mariah Carey and Sean "Diddy" Combs. The New York Times called him "one of the most powerful figures in the hip-hop business."
Manuel Menezes
Manuel Menezes ICS (15 February 1922 – 15 June 1996) was an Indian business executive, engineer, and chairman of the  Indian Railway Board. Having worked for Indian Railway Board, he eventually rose to the position of chairman, holding the rank of principal secretary in the Indian Civil Service.

Principal secretary (India)
Principal secretary is a post in state governments and the central government of India. The position holder is generally a senior Indian Administrative Service officer or other senior civil servants. Principal secretaries generally are the administrative heads of departments in a state government. They can also be deputed to central government in the post of an Joint Secretary to Government of India.
Giulio Quaglio
Giulio Quaglio is the name of:

Giulio Quaglio the Elder (1610–1658), Italian painter

Giulio Quaglio the Younger (1668–1751), Italian painter and stage designer

Giulio Quaglio III (1764–1801), Italian architect, stage designer and painter

Giulio Quaglio the Elder
Giulio Quaglio the Elder (1610–1658 or after) was an Italian painter of frescoes.
He was a follower of Tintoretto. He is known to have worked in Vienna, Salzburg, and Ljubljana.

His son, Giulio Quaglio the Younger, was born in Laino and established himself in the Friuli about the end of the 17th century.

Giulio the Younger, who died in 1720, is best known for his frescoes at the chapel of the Monte di Pietà, in Udine.

They are both part of a large family of artists and architects from the town of Laino, between Lake Lugano and Lake Como, and which included Giuseppe Quaglio and his sons Lorenzo the Younger, Simon, and Domenico; Lorenzo Quaglio the Elder; and Giovanni Maria Quaglio the Elder and his son.
1990–91 DFB-Pokal Frauen
The Frauen DFB-Pokal 1990–91 was the 11th season of the cup competition, Germany's second-most important title in women's football. In the final which was held in Berlin on 22 June 1991 Grün-Weiß Brauweiler defeated TSV Siegen 1–0.

FFC Brauweiler Pulheim
FFC Brauweiler Pulheim 2000 was a German women's football club based in Pulheim, North Rhine-Westphalia. It was founded when the women's section of Grün-Weiß Brauweiler in 2000 established its own club. The team played its last season in the Regionalliga, the German third division. Afterwards the clubs disbanded to join 1. FC Köln.
An Error in Chemistry
"An Error in Chemistry" is a 1954 American television play based on the like-named William Faulkner story, which first appeared in the June 1946 issue of Ellery Queen's Mystery Magazine. It was the seventh episode of the anthology series Climax! and starred Edmond O'Brien as Joel Flint.

The episode was broadcast live.

Television play
A television play is a television programming genre which is a drama performance broadcast from a multi-camera television studio, usually live in the early days of television but later recorded to tape. This is in contrast to a television movie, which employs the single-camera setup of film production.
Bug Me Not!
Bug Me Not! (traditional Chinese: 蟲不知; simplified Chinese: 虫不知; Cantonese Yale: Chung bat ji), – "Bugs Don't Know," is a 2005 Hong Kong film directed by Law Chi-Leung. Isabella Leong, portraying Moon in Bug Me Not!, was nominated for Best New Performer for the 25th Hong Kong Film Awards in 2006.

25th Hong Kong Film Awards
Ceremony for the 25th Hong Kong Film Awards was held on 8 April 2006 in the Hong Kong Coliseum and hosted by Eric Tsang, Teresa Mo and Chapman To. Twenty-five winners in nineteen categories were unveiled, with film Election being the year's biggest winner.
Kim Taylor (educationalist)
Len Clive "Kim" Taylor (4 August 1922 in Kolkata – 20 July 2013 in Chichester) was a British Educationalist. He was headmaster at Sevenoaks School before being appointed as Director of the Resources for Learning Project at the Nuffield Foundation. He then worked at the Centre for Educational Resources and Innovation.

Taylor was born in India under the British Raj. However he was sent to boarding school in England at the age of six, rarely seeing his parents after that. When Kim was nine his father died and the following year he started to attend Sevenoaks School, which he soon regarded as home. When the Second World War commenced, Taylor was 17. He returned to India, taking up a teaching post at St Paul's School, Darjeeling. In 1942 he was commissioned into the Indian Army and served in Burma campaign, being evacuated from Akyab.

St. Paul's School, Darjeeling
St. Paul's School is a private boarding school for boys in the town of Darjeeling, West Bengal, India. It is known as "Eton of the East" because it is thought to follow similar cultural and traditional values to Eton College.  St. Paul's is one of the oldest public schools in Asia. Entrance tests for admission are held every September. The school follows the ICSE curriculum until class 10 and the ISC curriculum for classes 11 and 12.
Johann Friedrich Ruthe
Johann Friedrich Ruthe Ruthé or von Ruthe (16 April 1788 in Eggenstädt, near Hildesheim – 24 August 1859 in Berlin) was a German teacher (Oberlehrer), botanist and entomologist. In the field of entomology he specialised in Hymenoptera and Diptera.

With assistance from Heinrich Friedrich Link (1767–1851) he began his studies at the University of Berlin in 1811. Here he had as instructors Karl Rudolphi (1771–1832) and Martin Lichtenstein (1780–1857). After concluding his university studies, he taught classes at several schools in Berlin and Frankfurt an der Oder. Due to poor health he retired from teaching in 1842. Ruthe issued the exsiccata work Flora der Mittelmark in getrockneten Exemplaren (1820–1822).

The fungi genus Ruthea is named after him, now a synonym of Paxillus. Also in 1976, botanists A.Hansen & G.Kunkel published Rutheopsis, a genus of flowering plants from the Canary Islands belonging to the family Apiaceae, also named in his honour.

Hildesheim
Hildesheim is a city in Lower Saxony, north-central Germany. With a population of over 100,000, it is located southeast of Hanover on the Innerste river, a tributary of the Leine.

The first settlement was created in 815 by Emperor Louis the Pious, who established the Diocese of Hildesheim. It became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1985, and in 2015 the city and diocese celebrated their 1200th anniversary.
D. P. Shettian
Christianity portal

D. P. Shettian (29 June 1932 – 2 September 2006) was the second Bishop - in - Karnataka Southern Diocese of Church of South India headquartered in Mangalore where the Bishop's Cathedra is placed at the CSI-Shanthi Cathedral, Balmatta, Mangalore.

Cathedra
A cathedra is the throne of a bishop, found in the cathedral church of his diocese. The word derives from the Greek καθέδρα (kathédra), meaning "seat", especially one used by a bishop or teacher; this term is also the ultimate source of the word "chair".
Catholic Church sexual abuse cases in Europe
The Catholic sexual abuse scandal in Europe has affected several dioceses in European nations. This article summarises reported cases of sexual abuse perpetrated by clergy and representatives of the Catholic Church by country and diocese.

Italy is an exceptional case as the 1929 Lateran Treaty gave the Vatican legal autonomy from Italy, giving the clergy recourse to Vatican rather than Italian law.

It has been reported that since Pope Francis was elected pope the Vatican gradually increased its efforts to deal with clerical sexual abuse, for example in 2019 discontinuing the application of "pontifical secrecy" to sex abuse legal proceedings. This affects all countries.

Fort Augustus Abbey
Fort Augustus Abbey, properly St Benedict's Abbey, at Fort Augustus, Inverness-shire, Scotland, was a Benedictine monastery, from late in the nineteenth century to 1998 that also housed a school for boys until 1993.
F&M Bank (Timberville, Virginia)
F&M Bank is a Timberville, Virginia based community bank. The bank was chartered on April 15, 1908, as a state chartered bank and was incorporated in 1983 as a one-bank holding company in Virginia. F&M Bank functions as a regulated financial institution, but provides commercial banking services to small and medium-size businesses, nonprofits, as well as families and individuals in Virginia’s Shenandoah Valley.

It operates as a subsidiary of F&M Bank Corp that provides retail, commercial, and municipal banking services.

Bank holding company
A bank holding company is a company that controls one or more banks, but does not necessarily engage in banking itself. The compound bancorp (banc/bank + corp[oration]) or bancorporation is often used to refer to such companies as well, particularly in the United States.
Portrait of a Thirty-Seven-Year-Old Gentleman
Portrait of a Thirty-Seven-Year-Old Gentleman is an oil-on-canvas portrait by the Italian  High Renaissance artist Lorenzo Lotto, now in the Galleria Doria Pamphilj in Rome. It was previously interpreted as a 1517 self-portrait of the artist, but its style does not match Lotto's style of the 1510s. It is now dated to c. 1543 on the basis of stylistic similarities with works produced by the artist in the mid-1540s, such as Portrait of Febo da Brescia and Portrait of an Old Man with Gloves.

The subject is now unknown, but his age is given on a trompe-l'œil inscription to the right reading "Ann Aetatis Sue XXXVII". To the left is a bas-relief of a putto holding a set of scales, often used as a symbol of a man considering his passions – it also appears with that purpose in Lotto's Mystical Marriage of St Catherine of Alexandria and Saints (Palazzo Barberini, Rome). It may instead symbolise Libra or be the alchemical symbol of a melancholic man.

Trompe-l'œil
Trompe-l'œil (French for 'deceive the eye'; /trɒmpˈlɔɪ/ tromp-LOY; French: [tʁɔ̃p lœj] ⓘ) is an artistic technique that creates a highly realistic optical illusion of three-dimensional space and objects on a two-dimensional surface. Trompe-l'œil, which is most often associated with painting, tricks the viewer into perceiving painted objects or spaces as real. Forced perspective is a related illusion in architecture, and Op art a modern style mostly dealing with geometric patterns.
Erica viridiflora
Erica viridiflora is a plant belonging to the genus Erica. The species is endemic to the Western Cape.

The plant also has two subspecies:

Erica viridiflora subsp. primulina (Bolus) E.G.H.Oliv. & I.M.Oliv.

Erica viridiflora subsp. redacta E.G.H.Oliv. & I.M.Oliv.

Edward George Hudson Oliver
Edward (Ted) George Hudson Oliver, (1938-2025) is a South African Botanist and author. He is an expert in heathers. He has discovered and named several species. Oliver is the recognized world authority on the subfamily Ericoideae.
2019–20 Utah State Aggies men's basketball team
The 2019–20 Utah State Aggies men's basketball team represented Utah State University in the 2019–20 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Aggies, led by second-year head coach Craig Smith, played their home games at the Smith Spectrum in Logan, Utah as members of the Mountain West Conference. They finished the season 26–8, 12–6 in Mountain West play, to finish in a three-way tie for second place. They defeated New Mexico, Wyoming and San Diego State to become champions of the Mountain West tournament, their second consecutive Mountain West tournament championship. They earned the Mountain West's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament. However, on March 12, 2020 it was announced that the NCAA tournament would be cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

2020 Mountain West Conference men's basketball tournament
The 2020 Mountain West Conference men's basketball tournament was the postseason men's basketball tournament for the Mountain West Conference. It was held from March 4–7, 2020 at the Thomas & Mack Center on the campus of University of Nevada, Las Vegas, in Las Vegas, Nevada. Utah State upset heavily favored San Diego State to earn the Mountain West's automatic bid to the NCAA tournament