hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jack Radford
Jack Alvin Radford (November 4, 1929 – May 19, 2003) was a Canadian politician. He served in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia from 1972 to 1975, as a NDP member for the constituency of Vancouver South. He served as Minister of Recreation and Conservation from May 18, 1973 to December 22, 1975. He died of cancer in 2003.

He played a season with the BC Lions when they were first organized and with the Edmonton Eskimos until knee injuries side-lined him. He began trap shooting in the 1950s and won the BC Championship twice, as well as titles in the United States. He worked 20 years for Swift's Meats in Vancouver. He accepted a position with the International Woodworkers of America, then went on to become a representative for the Canadian Labour Congress.

Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
The Legislative Assembly of British Columbia (French: Assemblée législative de la Colombie-Britannique) is the deliberative assembly of the Legislature of British Columbia, in the province of British Columbia, Canada. The legislature also includes the lieutenant governor of British Columbia. The assembly has 93 elected members and meets in Victoria. Members are elected from provincial ridings and are referred to as members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor in the name of the King of Canada.

The current legislature is the 43rd Parliament. The most recent general election was held on October 19, 2024. Proceedings of the Legislative Assembly are broadcast by Hansard Broadcasting Services.
Nagrakata (community development block)
Nagrakata is a community development block (CD block) that forms an administrative division in the Malbazar subdivision of the Jalpaiguri district in the Indian state of West Bengal.The Nagrakata CD block has an area of 397.48 km2. It has 1 panchayat samity, 5 gram panchayats, 91 gram sansads (village councils), 34 mouzas and 33 inhabited villages. Nagrakta police station serves this block. Headquarters of this CD block is at Nagrakata.

Administrative divisions of India
The administrative divisions of India are subnational administrative units of India; they are composed of a nested hierarchy of administrative divisions. India consists of 28 States and 8 Union Territories. These are divided into districts (some states group a set of districts as a division), followed by subdistricts (known in different local names like tehsils and talukas), which are divided into blocks, which consist of villages.

Indian states and territories frequently use different local titles for the same level of subdivision (e.g., the mandals of Andhra Pradesh  and Telangana correspond to tehsils of Uttar Pradesh and other Hindi-speaking states but to talukas or taluks of Gujarat, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu).

The smaller subdivisions (villages and development blocks) exist only in rural areas. In urban areas, urban local bodies exist instead of these rural subdivisions.
Football at the 2009 Mediterranean Games
The 2009 Mediterranean Games football tournament was the 16th edition of the Mediterranean Games men's football tournament. The football tournament was held in Pescara, Italy between 25 June and 5 July 2009 as part of the 2009 Mediterranean Games and was contested by 12 teams, all countries were represented by the U-20 teams. Spain won the gold medal.

Football at the Mediterranean Games
Football has been played consistently at the Mediterranean Games since the year 1951 for men. Italy and Spain are the most successful teams. From 1991, national teams are not allowed, which means only youth teams participate in the tournament.
GNU
GNU (/ɡnuː/ ⓘ GNOO) is an extensive collection of free software (387 packages as of June 2025), which can be used as an operating system or can be used in parts with other operating systems. The use of the completed GNU tools led to the family of operating systems popularly known as Linux. Most of GNU is licensed under the GNU Project's own General Public License (GPL).

GNU is also the project within which the free software concept originated. Richard Stallman, the founder of the project, views GNU as a "technical means to a social end". Relatedly, Lawrence Lessig states in his introduction to the second edition of Stallman's book Free Software, Free Society that in it Stallman has written about "the social aspects of software and how Free Software can create community and social justice".

Lawrence Lessig
Lester Lawrence "Larry" Lessig III (born June 3, 1961) is an American legal scholar and political activist. He is the Roy L. Furman Professor of Law at Harvard Law School and the former director of the Edmond J. Safra Center for Ethics at Harvard University. He is the founder of Creative Commons and Equal Citizens. Lessig was a candidate for the Democratic Party's nomination for president of the United States in the 2016 U.S. presidential election but withdrew before the primaries.
Julia Kutyukova
Julia Sergeyevna Kutyukova (Russian: Ю́лия Серге́евна Кутюко́ва; born March 30, 1989, in Lipetsk) is a Russian volleyball player and the attacking Captain VC of Leningradka.

Julia Kutyukova was born and started to practice volleyball in Lipetsk. Julia's mother, Marina Kutyukova, advocated the volleyball team Indesit Lipetsk from 1995 to 2001.

She has performed for the first team since 2008. In the years 2003–2010, Julia Kutyukova was played as VC Stinol (aka Indesit).

In 2010–2012 she played in Fakel (Novy Urengoy), in 2012–2013 –  Severstal  (Cherepovets), 2013–2015 –  Omichka (Omsk). In 2015, she signed a contract with  Leningradka from St. Petersburg.

She was also a bronze medalist in 2014, a silver medalist at the Cup of Russia in 2014 (top scorer of the final round of the draw).

In 2014, she made her debut in the national team of Russia. Its composition took part in two international tournaments -Montreux Volley Masters (3rd place) and  Boris Yeltsin Cup   (2nd place).

Montreux Volley Masters
The Montreux Volley Masters (founded as the Coupe des Nations, later changed to BCV Volley Cup between 1990 and 1996 and to its final name in 1998) was an international invitational tournament for national teams in women's volleyball hosted by the Swiss Volley. Held annually in Montreux, Switzerland since 1984, it was the tournament that opened the international season for national teams. It ceased to exist after 34 editions in 2020.

The main objective of this competition was to work as a preparation for more important and prestigious volleyball tournaments organized by the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB), such as the World Grand Prix, the World Championship, the World Cup and the Olympic Games. Many national teams used the tournament as a way of giving experience and international baggage to young players and, as a result, countries were often represented by their underage national teams.
Championia
Championia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Gesneriaceae. It contains a single species, Championia reticulata, a subshrub native to the humid lowland and montane rain forests of southwestern and central Sri Lanka.

The species was described by George Gardner in 1846.

Sri Lanka lowland rain forests
The Sri Lanka lowland rain forests represents Sri Lanka's Tropical rainforests below 1,000 m (3,281 ft) in elevation in the southwestern part of the island. The year-around warm, wet climate together with thousands years of isolation from mainland India have resulted in the evolution of numerous plants and animal species that can only  be found in rain forests in Sri Lanka.  The thick forest canopy is made up of over 150 species of trees, some of the emergent layer reaching as high as 45 m (148 ft). The lowland rain forests accounts for 2.14 percent of Sri Lanka's land area. This ecoregion is the home of the jungle shrew, a small endemic mammal of Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka has the highest density of amphibian species worldwide. Many of these, including 250 species of tree frogs, live in these rain forests.
2019 Wuhan Open – Singles
Defending champion Aryna Sabalenka defeated Alison Riske in the final, 6–3, 3–6, 6–1 to win the singles tennis title at the 2019 Wuhan Open.

Ashleigh Barty retained the WTA No. 1 singles ranking at the end of the tournament. Karolína Plíšková was also in contention for the top ranking.

Tamara Zidanšek
Tamara Zidanšek (Slovene: [zíːdanˈʃɛːk]; born 26 December 1997) is a Slovenian professional tennis player. She has career-high rankings of world No. 22 in singles and No. 47 in doubles. She has won one singles title, as well as four doubles titles on the WTA Tour and three singles titles along with one doubles title on the WTA Challenger Tour. Additionally, she has won 18 titles in singles and six in doubles on the ITF Circuit. She is currently the second highest WTA-ranked player from Slovenia.

Playing for the Slovenia Fed Cup team, she has a win–loss record of 12–13 (as of July 2025).
The Coronation (film)
The Coronation is a 2018 British television documentary made to commemorate the Sapphire Jubilee of Elizabeth II, the 65th anniversary of the coronation of Elizabeth II.

It was broadcast on BBC One in the United Kingdom on 14 January 2018. The documentary also aired on the Smithsonian Channel in the United States on the same day, and was shown on ABC in Australia on 4 February 2018. It was made by Atlantic Productions and distributed by FremantleMedia International.

In the hour-long documentary, Queen Elizabeth II speaks candidly to Alastair Bruce of Crionaich, royal commentator for Sky News, about her experience of the coronation and some of the Crown Jewels used in the ceremony. The Queen had never been interviewed on camera, and the exchange, which often seemed like an interview, was officially described as a "conversation".

Fremantle (company)
FremantleMedia Limited, trading as Fremantle (/ˈfriːmæntəl/; formerly FremantleMedia), is a British multinational television production and distribution company based in London. The company was founded as Pearson Television in 1993 when publishing and education company Pearson acquired the former British ITV franchisee Thames Television. Fremantle takes its name from Fremantle International, which was acquired by predecessor company All American Television in 1994. Pearson Television and Bertelsmann's CLT-UFA merged in 2000 to form the RTL Group, with Pearson Television itself being renamed FremantleMedia on 20 August of the following year.

Fremantle owns non-scripted formats, including the British talent shows Idols, Got Talent and The X Factor; all of which have been sold globally. Since 1994, Fremantle has distributed American game shows locally in the United States and globally.
Laval un Partneri Ltd v Svenska Byggnadsarbetareförbundet
Laval un Partneri Ltd v Svenska Byggnadsarbetareförbundet (2007) C-341/05 is an EU law case, relevant to all labour law within the European Union, which held that there is a positive right to strike. However, it also held that the right to strike must be exercised proportionately and in particular this right was subject to justification where it could infringe the right to freedom to provide services under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union article 56 (ex TEC article 49).

Laval was shortly preceded by another case involving the right to strike on freedom of establishment The Rosella, and by the influential European Court of Human Rights decision in Demir and Baykara v Turkey. It was soon implicitly reversed by the Rome I Regulation, recital 35, which states that in terms of conflicts of laws, mandatory rules for employees "can only be derogated from to their benefit."

Rome I Regulation
The Rome I Regulation (Regulation (EC) No 593/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 on the law applicable to contractual obligations) is a regulation which governs the choice of law in the European Union. It is based upon and replaces the Convention on the Law Applicable to Contractual Obligations 1980. The Rome I Regulation can be distinguished from the Brussels Regime which determines which court can hear a given dispute, as opposed to which law it should apply. The regulation applies to all EU member states except Denmark.

Denmark has an opt-out from implementing regulations under the area of freedom, security and justice. The Danish government planned to join the regulation if a referendum on 3 December 2015 approved converting its opt-out into an opt-in, but the proposal was rejected. While the United Kingdom originally opted-out of the regulation, it subsequently decided to opt in.
Marc Tardif
Joseph Gérard Marquis Tardif (born June 12, 1949) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player. He played left winger in both the National Hockey League (NHL) and the World Hockey Association (WHA), principally for the Quebec Nordiques. He also represented Canada in the 1974 Summit Series. A dominant force in the WHA, Tardif had four consecutive seasons with 95+ points from 1975 to 1979 and served as the first captain of the Nordiques when they joined the NHL. On April 4, 1978, he became the second professional hockey player to record 150 points in a season. In addition to his two Stanley Cup championships, he also won the Avco World Trophy to go along with winning the Gordie Howe Trophy for most valuable play in the WHA (1976, 1978).

Tardif finished as the all-time leading goal scorer in the WHA, scoring 316 goals in 446 games. In his professional career between the two leagues, Tardif scored 510 total goals.

1974–75 WHA season
The 1974–75 WHA season was the third season of the World Hockey Association. Fourteen teams each played 78 games. The Houston Aeros won the Avco World Trophy for the second straight year in dominating fashion, losing only one time in the playoffs.
Droptopwop
Droptopwop is a commercial mixtape by American rapper Gucci Mane. It was released on May 26, 2017, by GUWOP Enterprises, RBC Records and Atlantic Records. The entire mixtape is produced by Metro Boomin, along with extra production from Southside, London on da Track, DJ Spinz, and Cubeatz. It features guest appearances from Offset, 2 Chainz, Young Dolph, and Rick Ross.

Droptopwop charted at number 12 on the US Billboard 200, and received positive reviews from critics.

Young Dolph
Adolph Robert Thornton Jr. (July 27, 1985 – November 17, 2021), known professionally as Young Dolph, was an American rapper and record executive. He first garnered mainstream attention for his guest appearance on O.T. Genasis' 2015 single "Cut It", which peaked within the top 40 of the Billboard Hot 100. The following year, he released his debut studio album King of Memphis, which peaked at number 49 on the Billboard 200. His fifth album, Rich Slave (2020), peaked at number four on the chart.

Thornton founded the independent label Paper Route Empire in 2010, through which he signed his cousin in-law, fellow Memphis-based rapper Key Glock. On November 17, 2021, Dolph was murdered in his hometown of Memphis, Tennessee.
Verkhnelachentau
Verkhnelachentau (Russian: Верхнелачентау; Bashkir: Үрге Ыласынтау, Ürge Ilısıntaw) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative centre of Verkhnelachentausky Selsoviet, Birsky District, Bashkortostan, Russia. The population was 238 as of 2010. There are 3 streets.

Birsky District
Birsky District (Russian: Би́рский райо́н; Bashkir: Бөрө районы,Börö rayonı; Meadow Mari: Пӱрӧ кундем, Pürö kundem; Tatar: Бөре районы, Böre rayonı) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the fifty-four in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia. It is located in the north of the republic and borders with Burayevsky District in the north, Mishkinsky District in the northeast and east, Blagoveshchensky District in the southeast, Kushnarenkovsky District in the south, and with Dyurtyulinsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,786.49 square kilometers (689.77 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Birsk (which is not administratively a part of the district). As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 17,924.
Millicent A. Comrie
Millicent A. Comrie, born on August 6, 1948, and raised in Kingston, Jamaica, is a medical doctor specializing in obstetrics and gynecology. Over the time of her career, she has worked in Red Hook (Brooklyn, New York) and Jamaica. She is fluent in English and Spanish, and has working knowledge of German.

Red Hook, Brooklyn
Red Hook is a neighborhood in western Brooklyn, New York City, United States, within the area once known as South Brooklyn. It is located on a peninsula projecting into the Upper New York Bay and is bounded by the Gowanus Expressway and the Carroll Gardens neighborhood on the northeast, Gowanus Canal on the east, and the Upper New York Bay on the west and south. A prosperous shipping and port area in the early 20th century, the area declined in the latter part of the century. Today, it is home to the Red Hook Houses, the largest housing project in Brooklyn.

Red Hook is part of Brooklyn Community District 6, and its primary ZIP Code is 11231. It is patrolled by the 76th Precinct of the New York City Police Department. Politically, Red Hook is represented by the New York City Council's 38th District.
Postage stamps and postal history of the Niger Coast Protectorate
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of the Niger Coast Protectorate.

The Niger Coast Protectorate was a British protectorate in the Oil Rivers area of present-day Nigeria. It was originally established as the Oil Rivers Protectorate in 1884 and confirmed at the Berlin Conference the following year. It was renamed the Niger Coast Protectorate on 12 May 1893, and merged with the chartered territories of the Royal Niger Company on 1 January 1900 to form the Southern Nigeria Protectorate.

Niger Coast Protectorate
The Niger Coast Protectorate was a British protectorate in the Oil Rivers area of present-day Nigeria, originally established as the Oil Rivers Protectorate in 1884 and confirmed at the Berlin Conference the following year. It was renamed on 12 May 1893, and merged with the chartered territories of the Royal Niger Company on 1 January 1900 to form the Southern Nigeria Protectorate.

The protectorate covered the eastern coast of what is today Nigeria, and in theory extended inland as far as Lokoja. It was established to better regulate and control the large trade in palm oil that was coming through both Calabar and the Niger Delta, and which had given the various rivers in the area the name of oil rivers.
Richard A. Boucher
Richard Alan Boucher (December 13, 1951 – June 27, 2025) was an American diplomat who was deputy secretary-general of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) from 2009 until 2013. He took up post on November 5, 2009. Prior to joining OECD, he was the assistant secretary of state for South and Central Asian affairs, a position he assumed on February 21, 2006. The Bureau of South Asian Affairs was expanded to include the nations of Central Asia shortly before his confirmation.

Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs
The Bureau of South and Central Asian Affairs (SCA) is an agency within the United States Department of State that is responsible for the U.S. government's relations with countries in the South and Central Asian region. The bureau is headed by the Assistant Secretary of State for South and Central Asian Affairs, who reports to the Secretary of State through the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs.
Ujarma fortress
Ujarma (Georgian: უჯარმის ციხე) is a medieval fortress-town  at the Outer Kakheti region, in the municipality of Sagarejo Municipality, Georgia. It is located on the right bank of the river Iori, on the Tbilisi — Telavi road, 4 km (2.48 mi) north of Ujarma village, near Gombori Pass through Tsiv-Gombori Range in the historical-geographical province Gare Kakheti.

Telavi
Telavi (/təˈlɑːvi/; თელავი [t̪ʰeɫaβi]) is the main city and administrative center of the eastern Georgian province of Kakheti. As of the 2024 census, its population was 16,800. The city is located on the foothills of the Tsiv-Gombori Range at 500–800 m (1,600–2,600 ft) above sea level.
Convoy rescue ship
During the Second World War, designated convoy rescue ships accompanied some Atlantic convoys to rescue survivors from ships that had been attacked. Rescue ships were typically small freighters with passenger accommodation converted to rescue service. This involved enlarging galley and food storage areas and providing berthing and sanitary facilities for approximately 150 men. Preparation for service included the installation of scrambling nets along the sides, and the substitution of boats suitable for open sea work for normal lifeboats.  Rescue ships normally included a small operating room for an embarked naval doctor and sick bay staff.

Sick bay
A sick bay is a compartment in a ship, or a section of another organisation, such as a school or college, used for medical purposes.

The sick bay contains the ship's medicine chest, which may be divided into separate cabinets, such as a refrigerator for medicines requiring cold storage and a locked cabinet for controlled substances such as morphine.  The sick bay and the medicine chest should be kept locked, with the keys only being available to the medical officer and the ship's master.

The term is also applied ashore by the United States Navy and Marine Corps to treatment clinics on naval stations and Marine bases.
WWWI-FM
WWWI-FM (95.9 FM, "Cash 95") is a radio station licensed to Pillager, Minnesota, and serving the Brainerd Lakes Area. The station is owned by Jimmy D. Birkemeyer's R & J Broadcasting. Its sister station is WWWI (1270 AM), which airs a news/talk format.

It airs a hybrid country music and adult standards format. and gets network news from CBS News Radio.

The station was assigned the WWWI-FM call letters by the Federal Communications Commission on July 1, 2004.

CBS News Radio
CBS News Radio, formerly known as CBS Radio News and historically known as the CBS Radio Network, is a radio network that provides news to more than 1,000 radio stations throughout the United States. The network is owned by Paramount Skydance Corporation.  It is the last of the three original national U.S. radio networks (CBS, NBC Radio Network and Mutual Broadcasting System) still operating and still owned by its original parent company, even though CBS sold its owned and operated radio stations in 2017 to Entercom (now known as Audacy, Inc.). The current NBC Radio Network is owned by iHeartMedia, and licenses use of the NBC name and audio from NBC News.

CBS News Radio is one of the two national news services distributed by Skyview Networks, which transmits national news, talk, music and special event programs, in addition to local news, weather, video news and other information to radio and television stations, as well as traffic reporting services.
Top Chef: New York
Top Chef: New York is the fifth season of the American reality television series Top Chef. It was first filmed in New York City, New York, before concluding in New Orleans, Louisiana. The season premiered on Bravo on November 12, 2008, and ended on March 4, 2009. In the season finale, Hosea Rosenberg was declared the winner over runners-up Stefan Richter and Carla Hall. Fabio Viviani was voted Fan Favorite.

Bravo (American TV network)
Bravo is an American basic cable television network, launched on December 8, 1980. It is owned by the NBCUniversal Media Group division of Comcast's NBCUniversal. The channel originally focused on programming related to fine arts and film. Since the 2000s, it has focused heavily on reality series targeted at 25-54 year-old women and the LGBTQ community at large. Its former sister channels are Nickelodeon and IFC, which are currently owned by Paramount Skydance Corporation and AMC Networks, respectively. As of November 2023, Bravo is available to approximately 70 million pay television households in the United States, down from its 2013 peak of 95 million households.