hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
USS Melville
Two ships of the United States Navy have borne the name Melville, in honor of George W. Melville, an engineer and arctic explorer.

USS Melville (AD-2), was a destroyer tender, launched in 1913 and struck in 1947

USNS Melville (T-AGOR-14), is a Robert D. Conrad-class oceanographic research ship, launched in 1968 and chartered to the Scripps Institution of Oceanography for operation as RV Melville. She is currently in active service at the Philippines hydrographic office.

BRP Gregorio Velasquez
BRP Gregorio Velasquez is Philippine Navy's first oceanographic research vessel. It was built by the United States Navy as USNS Melville (T-AGOR-14) for university support of Navy programs. The ship was operated as the research vessel R/V Melville by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography for oceanographic research. As the R/V Melville, it was the oldest active vessel in the academic research fleet, collectively known as the University-National Oceanographic Laboratory System (UNOLS) (UNOLS). The US Government confirmed on 17 November 2015 that the Melville was to be transferred to the Philippine Navy as Excess Defense Articles (EDA)s. The vessel was officially transferred to the Philippines on 28 April 2016 and was commissioned into active service at the same time with the Philippine Navy.
2000 St Albans City and District Council election
The 2000 St Albans City and District Council election took place on 4 May 2000 to elect members of St Albans District Council in Hertfordshire, England. One third of the council was up for election and the council stayed under no overall control.

After the election, the composition of the council was:

Liberal Democrats 23

Conservative 19

Labour 15

Independent 1

City of St Albans
St Albans (/ˈɔːlbənz/), also known as the City and District of St Albans, is a non-metropolitan district with both borough and city status in Hertfordshire, England. Its council is based in St Albans, the largest settlement in the district. The district also includes the town of Harpenden and several villages. The district borders North Hertfordshire, Welwyn Hatfield, Hertsmere, Watford, Three Rivers, Dacorum, and Central Bedfordshire.
2018 Australian Open (table tennis)
The 2018 Australian Open was the eighth event of the 2018 ITTF World Tour. The event was organised by ITTF-Oceania, under the authority of the International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF). It was the fifth of six top-tier Platinum events on the tour, and took place from 26–29 July in Geelong, Australia.

Yang Ha-eun
Yang Ha-eun (born 25 February 1994) is a South Korean female table tennis player. She won two medals at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics and she was a member of  South Korean women's team at the 2012 World Team Championships. In 2015, she won a gold medal in mixed doubles event with Xu Xin at the World Championships.
Catalytic cycle
In chemistry, a catalytic cycle is a multistep reaction mechanism that involves a catalyst. The catalytic cycle is the main method for describing the role of catalysts in biochemistry, organometallic chemistry, bioinorganic chemistry, materials science, etc.

Since catalysts are regenerated, catalytic cycles are usually written as a sequence of chemical reactions in the form of a loop. In such loops, the initial step entails binding of one or more reactants by the catalyst, and the final step is the release of the product and regeneration of the catalyst. Articles on the Monsanto process, the Wacker process, and the Heck reaction show catalytic cycles.

A catalytic cycle is not necessarily a full reaction mechanism. For example, it may be that the intermediates have been detected, but it is not known by which mechanisms the actual elementary reactions occur.

Heck reaction
The Heck reaction (also called the Mizoroki–Heck reaction) is the chemical reaction of an unsaturated halide (or triflate) with an alkene in the presence of a base and a palladium catalyst  to form a substituted alkene. It is named after Tsutomu Mizoroki and Richard F. Heck. Heck was awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, which he shared with Ei-ichi Negishi and Akira Suzuki, for the discovery and development of this reaction. This reaction was the first example of a carbon-carbon bond-forming reaction that followed a Pd(0)/Pd(II) catalytic cycle, the same catalytic cycle that is seen in other Pd(0)-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The Heck reaction is a way to substitute alkenes.
Manuel Wren
The Manuel Crested and Willow Wrens formed a series of wooden, single-seat gliders designed in the UK by W. L. Manuel in the early 1930s, intended for slope soaring. Some were built by the designer, others from plans he supplied. The Dunstable Kestrel was a further development.

Bracing (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, bracing comprises structural members which stiffen the functional airframe to give it rigidity and strength under load. Bracing may be applied both internally and externally, and may take the form of struts, which act in compression or tension as the need arises, and/or wires, which act only in tension.

In general, bracing allows a stronger, lighter structure than one which is unbraced, but external bracing adds drag which slows down the aircraft and raises considerably more design issues than internal bracing. Another disadvantage of bracing wires is that they require routine checking and adjustment, or rigging, even when located internally.

During the early years of aviation, bracing was a universal feature of aeroplanes, including monoplanes and biplanes, which were then equally common. Bracing in the form of lift struts remains in use for some light commercial designs where a high wing and light weight are more important than ultimate performance.
Henk Sneevlietweg metro station
Henk Sneevlietweg is an Amsterdam Metro station in the south-west Amsterdam, Netherlands. The station opened in 1997 and is located in the suburb of Nieuw-West is served by line 50 and line 51. Henk Sneevlietweg opened on 28 May 1997.

The station is elevated above street level on a railway embankment. The station is named after the street on which its main entrance is located which, in turn, is named after Dutch politician Henk Sneevliet.

Amsterdam Nieuw-West
Amsterdam Nieuw-West (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɑmstərdɑmniuˈʋɛst]) is a borough (Dutch: stadsdeel) comprising the westernmost neighbourhoods of the city of Amsterdam, Netherlands. It was created in 2010 after a merger of the former boroughs Osdorp, Geuzenveld-Slotermeer and Slotervaart. In 2017, the borough had almost 150,000 inhabitants.

Most of the residential neighborhoods of Amsterdam Nieuw-West were built after 1950 under an urban expansion plan, based on the garden city concept. Centrally located within the borough are the Sloterplas (literal translation: Lake Sloter) and Sloterpark (around the lake).
Cassiar Tunnel
The Cassiar Connector is a highway traffic tunnel on the Trans-Canada Highway. It is located in the north-east corner of Vancouver, British Columbia, near the Vancouver-Burnaby border.
Travelling northward, the tunnel begins under Adanac Street and passes under the interchange between East Hastings Street and the Highway 1 offramps. It ends underneath Triumph Street, with the highway continuing north to the McGill Street interchange (to the Port of Vancouver) and the Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing towards the District of North Vancouver.  The tunnel is 730 metres (2,400 ft) long. Dangerous goods are not permitted to be transported through the tunnel.

Port of Vancouver
The Port of Vancouver is the largest port in Canada and the fourth largest in North America by tonnes of cargo, facilitating trade between Canada and more than 170 world economies. The port is managed by the Vancouver Fraser Port Authority, which was created in 2008 as an amalgamation of the former Port of Vancouver, the North Fraser Port Authority, and the Fraser River Port Authority. It is the principal authority for shipping and port-related land and sea use in the Metro Vancouver region.
Mark Muñoz
Mark Kenery Muñoz (born February 9, 1978) is a Filipino-American former professional mixed martial artist who last competed in the Middleweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. A professional competitor from 2007 until 2015, Munoz also formerly competed for the World Extreme Cagefighting (WEC). Throughout his career, Munoz was credited as one of "the nicest guys in MMA" even being officially ranked as No.1 during an Episode of "UFC Tonight" due to his contributions to both the sport of MMA, and his local community through activities such as starting up and running his own gym, and heading his own "anti-bullying" campaign.

Filipino Americans
Filipino Americans (Filipino: Mga Pilipinong Amerikano) are Americans of Filipino ancestry. Filipinos in North America were first documented in the 16th century and other small settlements beginning in the 18th century. Mass migration did not begin until after the end of the Spanish–American War at the end of the 19th century, when the Philippines was ceded from Spain to the United States in the Treaty of Paris.

As of 2022, there were almost 4.5 million Filipino Americans in the United States with large communities in California, Hawaii, Illinois, Texas, Florida, Nevada, and the New York metropolitan area. Around one third of Filipino Americans identify as multiracial or multiethnic, with 3 million reporting only Filipino ancestry and 1.5 million reporting Filipino in combination with another group.
Joseph Roduit
Joseph Roduit CRA (December 17, 1939 – December 17, 2015) was a Roman Catholic priest and abbot.

Joseph Roduit completed his theological training at the University of Fribourg prior to his ordination as a priest. He became a regular canon of St. Augustine on November 15, 1964, and was ordained on September 4, 1965. Following his ordination, he served in the Diocese of Sion, particularly in the parishes of Vollèges and Bagnes. He later joined the Abbey of Saint-Maurice, where he held the positions of prior and master of novices. From 1999 until 2015, Rodult served as abbot of the Saint-Maurice d'Agaune, Switzerland. Roduit retired on March 18, 2015.

Bagnes
Bagnes (French pronunciation: [baɲ] ⓘ) is a former municipality in the district of Entremont in the canton of Valais in Switzerland. On 1 January 2021 the former municipalities of Bagnes and Vollèges merged to form the new municipality of Val de Bagnes.

With an area of 282 km2 (108.88 sq mi), Bagnes used to be the largest municipality of Switzerland until the formation of Glarus Süd in 2011.
Jessica Draskau-Petersson
Jessica Draskau Petersson (born 8 September 1977) is a Danish long-distance runner . Her fastest marathon time was set at the 2015 Bank of America Chicago marathon, where she ran a time of 2:30:07. She competed in the marathon at the 2012 Summer Olympics and 2016 Olympic Marathon in Rio She finished eighth in the marathon at the 2014 European Athletics Championships.

Petersson has an LLB from the University of East Anglia and a master's degree on traditional knowledge and international law from the University of Waikato in New Zealand.

Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's marathon
The women's marathon at the 2012 Olympic Games in London was held on the Olympic marathon street course on 5 August.

The course started and finished on The Mall in central London. Runners completed one short circuit of 2.219 miles around part of the City of Westminster and then three longer circuits of 8 miles around Westminster, the Victoria Embankment and the City of London. The course was designed to pass many of London's best known landmarks, including Buckingham Palace, Trafalgar Square, St Paul's Cathedral, the Guildhall, Leadenhall Market, the Monument, the Tower of London and the Houses of Parliament.

Tiki Gelana from Ethiopia won the gold medal, completing the course in an Olympic record-breaking time of 2 hours 23 minutes 7 seconds. Kenya's Priscah Jeptoo finished second to win silver and Tatyana Petrova Arkhipova, representing Russia, took bronze.
Sconce and Devon Park
Sconce and Devon Park is a park in Newark, Nottinghamshire, England. It is the location of Queen's sconce, an earthwork fortification that was built in 1646 during the First English Civil War, to protect the garrison of King Charles I based at Newark Castle. It is a listed ancient monument. The park has a visitor centre, local nature reserve and it is part of a civil war trail through the town.

Sconce (fortification)
A sconce is a small protective fortification, such as an earthwork, often placed on a mound as a defensive work for artillery. It was used primarily in Northern Europe from the late Middle Ages until the 19th century. This type of fortification was common during the English Civil War, and the remains of one such structure can be seen on Fort Royal Hill in Worcester, England.

During the Eighty Years' War for Dutch independence, the sconces (schans in Dutch) were often used to defend strategic places, but were used also during sieges and in circumvallations. Several more or less intact sconces remain in the Netherlands.

The Zaanse Schans, one of the top tourist locations in the Netherlands, derived its name from its original function as a sconce. Sconces played a major part in the Serbian Revolution, countering the numerical superiority of the Turkish army. Most notable cases are the battles at Mišar, Deligrad and Čegar.
2022 Invercargill mayoral election
The 2022 Invercargill mayoral election took place on 8 October 2022 as part of the New Zealand local elections. Incumbent mayor Tim Shadbolt unsuccessfully sought a tenth term against nine other candidates, losing to his deputy Nobby Clark.

The election was conducted under the first-past-the-post voting system using the postal voting system. Voting began on 16 September and ended at noon on 8 October 2022.

Mayor of Southland District
The mayor of Southland officiates over the Southland District Council. The mayor is directly elected using the first-past-the-post electoral system. The current mayor is Rob Scott, who was elected in 2022.
Smith Hill, Providence, Rhode Island
41°50′02″N 71°25′20″W﻿ / ﻿41.8339°N 71.4223°W﻿ / 41.8339; -71.4223

Smith Hill is a neighborhood in Providence, Rhode Island.  Its traditional boundaries are the Woonasquatucket River, the Chad Brown public housing complex, Interstate 95 and West River.

The Roger Williams Medical Center (RWMC) is located in the Smith Hill neighborhood and is adjacent to the VA hospital.

The Rhode Island State House is also located on the border with Downtown. The name 'Smith Hill' is therefore used as a metonym for the Rhode Island state government and the Rhode Island General Assembly.

Interstate 95 in Rhode Island
Interstate 95 (I-95) is the main north–south Interstate Highway on the East Coast of the United States, running generally southwest–northeast through the US state of Rhode Island. It runs from the border with Connecticut near Westerly, through Warwick and Providence, and to the Massachusetts state line in Pawtucket. It has two auxiliary routes, both of which enter Massachusetts—I-195, a spur from Providence east to Cape Cod, and I-295, a western bypass of the Providence metropolitan area.

South of Warwick, I-95 does not follow US Route 1 (US 1), which it generally replaced in New England. It instead takes a shorter inland route, parallel to Route 3. Route 3 was designated New England Route 1A in 1922, a New England Interstate Route, but it has never been a US Route.
Ghadimi
Ghadimi is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Masoud Ghadimi (1965–2003), Iranian wrestler

Vincent Ghadimi (born 1968), Belgian pianist and composer, piano and solfège professor and accompanist

Masoud Ghadimi
Masoud Ghadimi (Persian: مسعود قدیمی, 1 February 1965 – 26 June 2003) was an Iranian wrestler. He competed in the men's Greco-Roman 68 kg at the 1988 Summer Olympics. He got injured seriously while training in 1997 and died six years later on 26 June 2003.
89th Airlift Wing
The 89th Airlift Wing of the United States Air Force is based at Joint Base Andrews and has an operational force of over 1,000 personnel. The 89th provides global Special Air Mission (SAM) airlift, logistics, aerial transport and communications for the president, vice president, combatant commanders, senior leaders and the global mobility system as tasked by the White House, Chief of Staff of the Air Force, and Air Mobility Command.

Continental Air Command
Continental Air Command (ConAC) (1948–1968) was a Major Command of the United States Air Force (USAF) responsible primarily for administering the Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve.

During the Korean War, ConAC provided the necessary augmentation to the regular Air Force while it rebuilt itself under wartime conditions.  Later, during the 1950s, it was a training force for reservists with no prior military service. ConAC provided peacetime airlift missions for the Air Force.  It was mobilized twice in 1961 and 1962 by president Kennedy for the Berlin and Cuban Missile Crisis.  Lastly, it was used by president Lyndon B. Johnson for airlift operations into the Dominican Republic and South Vietnam.

It was inactivated in 1968 and replaced by Headquarters, Air Force Reserve (AFRES).
Nowhere Else, Tasmania
Nowhere Else is a rural locality in the local government area (LGA) of Kentish in the North-west and west LGA region of Tasmania. The locality is about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) west of the town of Sheffield. The 2016 census recorded a population of 40 for the state suburb of Nowhere Else.
It is a bounded rural locality on the island of Tasmania. It is located at latitude -41.366 and longitude 146.276. Located on Lake Barrington (Tasmania), Nowhere Else is 190km from Hobart, and 72km west of Launceston. The postcode is 7306.

Local government areas of Tasmania
The councils of Tasmania are the 29 local administrative units of the Australian state of Tasmania. Local government areas (LGAs), more generally known as councils, are the tier of government responsible for the management of local duties such as road maintenance, town planning and waste management.
German submarine U-4705
German submarine U-4705 was a Type XXIII U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine during World War II. She was ordered on 7 July 1944 and was laid down on 10 November 1944 at Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft AG, Kiel, as yard number 947. She was launched on 11 January 1945 and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Martin Landt-Hayen on 2 February 1945.

Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft
Friedrich Krupp Germaniawerft (often just called Germaniawerft, "Germania shipyard") was a German shipbuilding company, located in the harbour at Kiel, and one of the largest and most important builders of U-boats for the Kaiserliche Marine in World War I and the Kriegsmarine in World War II. The original company was founded in 1867 but went bankrupt and was bought out by Friedrich Krupp. Krupp was very interested in building warships and in the time before the First World War built a number of battleships for the Kaiserliche Marine, including SMS Posen, SMS Prinzregent Luitpold, SMS Kronprinz, and SMS Sachsen. A total of 84 U-boats were built in the shipyard during the war. After the war it returned to the normal production of yachts and transports.
Hirohito Furui
Hirohito Furui (古井 弘人, Furui Hirohito) is a Japanese musical arranger and keyboardist in distributors Being Inc., mainly in their label Giza Studio. In years 1999-2013 he was part of Japanese band Garnet Crow as arranger. In March 2018, he launched his own band project Again, however in June 2019 changed into Alpha under independent label Freestyle.

Keyboardist
A keyboardist or keyboard player is a musician who plays keyboard instruments. Until the early 1960s musicians who played keyboards were generally classified as either pianists or organists.  Since the mid-1960s, a plethora of new musical instruments with keyboards have come into common usage, such as synthesizers and digital piano, requiring a more general term for a person who plays them. In the 2010s, professional keyboardists in popular music often play a variety of different keyboard instruments, including piano, tonewheel organ, synthesizer, and clavinet. Some keyboardists may also play related instruments such as piano accordion, melodica, pedal keyboard, or keyboard-layout bass pedals.
David Titcher
David N. Titcher is a screenwriter and producer. He is best known as the creator of The Librarian franchise, and writer of The Librarian: Quest for the Spear, The Curse of King Tut's Tomb, Around the World in 80 Days, Morgan Stewart's Coming Home, and Houdini & Doyle.

He is also credited as executive producer of Fox Network's Houdini & Doyle, co-producer of The Librarian: Quest for the Spear as well as a consulting producer on the TV series adaptation of the Librarian franchise, The Librarians, and co-executive producer on the Hallmark Channel's Be My Valentine.

The Librarians (2014 TV series)
The Librarians is an American fantasy adventure television series developed by John Rogers that premiered on TNT on December 7, 2014. The show is a direct spin-off of the Librarian film series, sharing continuity with the films. The Librarians are an ancient organization dedicated to protecting an innocent world from a magical and fantasy-like secret reality hidden from view. TNT cancelled the series in March 2018, days after the final episode of the fourth season. A spin-off called The Librarians: The Next Chapter premiered in May 2025.
Abdus Saleh
Md. Abdus Saleh (Bengali: মুহাম্মদ আব্দুস সালেহ) is an Indian politician and social worker from Meghalaya. He was the former MLA of Rajabala and former three-time MLA of Mahendraganj in the Meghalaya Legislative Assembly.

Meghalaya Legislative Assembly
The Meghalaya Legislative Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Meghalaya.

Constituted as a directly elected body in 1972, it has 60 members, filled through direct elections held every five years. Like other Indian states, Meghalaya has a parliamentary system of government. The executive branch of the Meghalaya Government is derived from the Legislative Assembly.
Psychological dependence
Psychological dependence is a cognitive disorder and a form of dependence that is characterized by emotional–motivational withdrawal symptoms upon cessation of prolonged drug use or certain repetitive behaviors. Consistent and frequent exposure to particular substances or behaviors is responsible for inducing psychological dependence, requiring ongoing engagement to prevent the onset of an unpleasant withdrawal syndrome driven by negative reinforcement. Neuronal counter-adaptation is believed to contribute to the generation of withdrawal symptoms through changes in neurotransmitter activity or altered receptor expression. Environmental enrichment and physical activity have been shown to attenuate withdrawal symptoms.

Fatigue
Fatigue is a state of being without energy for a prolonged period of time. Fatigue is used in two contexts: in the medical sense, and in the sense of normal tiredness.

In the medical sense, fatigue is seen as a symptom, and is sometimes associated with medical conditions including autoimmune disease, organ failure, mood disorders, heart disease, infectious diseases, and post-infectious-disease states. However, fatigue is complex and in up to a third of primary care cases no medical or psychiatric diagnosis is found.

In the sense of tiredness, fatigue often follows prolonged physical or mental activity. Physical fatigue results from muscle fatigue brought about by intense physical activity. Mental fatigue results from prolonged periods of cognitive activity which impairs cognitive ability, can manifest as sleepiness, lethargy, or directed attention fatigue, and can also impair physical performance.