hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Magda Popeanu
Magda (Bîrsan) Popeanu (born May 20, 1956) is a Canadian politician.

She was born in Târgoviște, Romania, and graduated from Alexandru Ioan Cuza High School in Iași. After getting a BA in Electronics Engineering from Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iași in 1980 she worked in computer sciences. Popeanu was a 1989 Romanian revolutionary. She immigrated to Canada in 1992. She taught computer engineering for Commission scolaire Marguerite-Bourgeoys for many years.

Popeanu was a candidate for Projet Montréal in the 2005 and 2009 elections in Côte-des-Neiges district where she obtained 16% and 31.6% of the vote, respectively. Popeanu served as the president of Projet Montréal from 2006. Popeanu also served as a member of Montreal City Council, representing the district of Côte-des-Neiges in the borough of Côte-des-Neiges–Notre-Dame-de-Grâce. Popeanu has served on Montreal city council from 2013 to 2025.

Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iași
The Gheorghe Asachi Technical University of Iași (Romanian: Universitatea Tehnică „Gheorghe Asachi” din Iași; acronym: TUIASI) is a public university located in Iași, Iași County, Western Moldavia, Romania. Classified by the Ministry of Education as an advanced research and education university, it has the oldest tradition in Romania in engineering education. Gheorghe Asachi Technical University is a member of the Romanian Alliance of Technical Universities (ARUT).
Oulad Nacer
Oulad Nacer is a town and rural commune in Fquih Ben Salah Province, Béni Mellal-Khénifra, Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 26,527 people living in 3918 households.

Béni Mellal-Khénifra
Béni Mellal-Khénifra (Arabic: بني ملال - خنيفرة, romanized: banī mallāl - ḵunayfira) is one of the twelve regions of Morocco, covering an area of 28,374 km2, and recorded a population of 2,520,776 in the 2014 Moroccan census. The capital of the region is Beni Mellal.
Due, Georgia
Due is a ghost town in Fannin County, Georgia, United States.

Prior to European colonization, the area where Due was located was inhabited by the Cherokee people and other Indigenous peoples for thousands of years.

A post office called Due was established in 1895, and remained in operation until 1943. The origin of the name "Due" is unknown.

Fannin County, Georgia
Fannin County is a county in the Northwest region of the U.S. state of Georgia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 25,319. It is one of the most rural counties in Georgia due its location in the Appalachian Mountain Range, with about 90% of the population of Fannin County living in unincorporated lands. The county seat and largest city is Blue Ridge. The county was created on January 21, 1854, and is named after James Fannin, a veteran who fought in the Texas Revolution.
1,7-Octadiene
1,7-Octadiene is an organic compound with the formula (CH2=CHCH2CH2)2. It is a colorless liquid that serves as a precursor to specialty polymers.  It arises commercially by the dimerization of butadiene in the presence of hydrogen.  Some of the 1,6-octadiene is also formed.  1,7-Octadiene can be converted to the diol by hydroformylation followed by hydrogenation of the dialdehyde.  In a related process, 1,7-Octadiene undergoes hydrocyanation to give dinitrile, which can be hydrogenated to give 1,10-diaminodecane.

Aldehyde
In organic chemistry, an aldehyde (/ˈældɪhaɪd/) (lat. alcohol dehydrogenatum, dehydrogenated alcohol) is an organic compound containing a functional group with the structure R−CH=O. The functional group itself (without the "R" side chain) can be referred to as an aldehyde but can also be classified as a formyl group. Aldehydes are a common motif in many chemicals important in technology and biology.
Vladimír Hartinger
Vladimír Hartinger (born July 16, 1979 in Šternberk) is a Czech professional ice hockey player. He was formerly a member of the Huntsville Havoc in Huntsville, Alabama, and helped the team to win the Southern Professional Hockey League championship in 2009–10. Then later played in Rapid City, South Dakota for the Rapid City Rush in the Central Hockey League. Vladimir Hartinger has been involved with the sport of hockey from a young age.  He played with the Czech National team as well as the Czech Army team as a young adult.  Hartinger played professional hockey for the CHL, SPHL, and an international league from 2001 - 2011.  Vladimir has been coaching youth hockey in New Mexico since leaving professional hockey.  He is passionate about helping youth players develop not only as high level competitive players, but also as teammates and responsible young adults.

He also coaches youth ice hockey in New Mexico and Missouri.

SPHL
The SPHL (formerly the Southern Professional Hockey League) is a professional ice hockey independent minor league based in Huntersville, North Carolina, with teams located primarily in the southeastern United States as well as Illinois and Indiana in the midwestern United States.

Following the 2024–25 season, the Evansville Thunderbolts are the reigning President's Cup champions. As of 2024, the Knoxville Ice Bears are the most successful team in SPHL history, having won five William B. Coffey Trophies as the regular season champions and four President's Cup playoff championships. The Peoria Rivermen have also won five William B. Coffey Trophies, while Pensacola has also won four President's Cups.
Huon Wardle
Huon Wardle is a social anthropologist teaching at the University of St Andrews in Scotland. He is one of the key ethnographers of cosmopolitanism, and he draws both on philosophical and anthropological theory in his analyses. He is the author of An Ethnography of Cosmopolitanism in Kingston, Jamaica (Lewiston, New York: Edwin Mellen Press, 2000) and, with Paloma Gay y Blasco of How to Read Ethnography (Routledge 2007). He is the editor with Nigel Rapport of A Cosmopolitan Anthropology? (Special Issue of Social Anthropology, 2010), with Moisés Lino e Silva of Freedom in Practice: Governance Autonomy and Liberty in the Everyday (Routledge 2017) and with Justin Shaffner of Cosmopolitics (OAC Press 2017). He has written articles in The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, Social Anthropology, and others and was awarded the Royal Anthropological Institute's J.B. Donne Prize in 2014.

Social anthropology
Social anthropology is the study of patterns of behaviour in human societies and cultures. It is the dominant constituent of anthropology throughout the United Kingdom and much of Europe, where it is distinguished from cultural anthropology. In the United States, social anthropology is commonly subsumed within cultural anthropology or sociocultural anthropology.
Valsavarenche
Valsavarenche (French: [valsavaʁɑ̃ʃ] ⓘ; local Valdôtain: Ouahèntse; known as Valsavara under fascist rule from 1939 to 1946, and as Valsavaranche from 1946 to 1976) is a comune in the Aosta Valley, northern Italy. It is part of the Unité des communes valdôtaines du Grand-Paradis.

Valdôtain dialect
Valdôtain (French pronunciation: [valdotɛ̃]; endonym: Valdotèn, Valdŏtèn, Valdouhtan) is a dialect of Arpitan (Franco-Provençal) spoken in the Aosta Valley in Italy, and the common language of the Aosta Valley. It is commonly known as patois or patoué. It is not an official language, the two regional official languages being French and Italian, though it is officially recognized.
Veronesi
Veronesi is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alberto Veronesi (born 1967), Italian conductor

Giovanni Veronesi (born 1962), Italian film director, screenwriter and actor

Gustavo Veronesi (born 1982), Brazilian footballer

Luigi Veronesi (1908–1998), Italian photographer, painter, scenographer and film director

Pietro Veronesi, American economist

Sandro Veronesi (born 1959), Italian writer and journalist

Umberto Veronesi (1925–2016), Italian physician and politician

Sandro Veronesi (writer)
Sandro Veronesi (born 1959) is an Italian novelist, essayist, and journalist. After earning a degree in architecture at the University of Florence, he opted for a writing career in his mid to late twenties. Veronesi published his first book at the age of 25, a collection of poetry (Il resto del cielo, 1984) that has remained his only venture into verse writing. He has since published five novels, three books of essays, one theatrical piece, numerous introductions to novels and collections of essays, interviews, screenplays, and television programs.

Veronesi has twice been awarded Italy's most prestigious literary prize, the Premio Strega: in 2006 for his novel Caos calmo and in 2020 for his novel The Hummingbird (Il colibrì).
Utah State Route 149
State Route 149 (SR-149) is a state highway in Uintah County in the U.S. state of Utah that connects U.S. Route 40 (US-40) in the town of Jensen with Dinosaur National Monument, 4.2 miles (6.8 km) to the north.

Jensen, Utah
Jensen is a census-designated place in eastern Uintah County, Utah, United States. The population was 372 at the 2020 census. It lies along the Green River and U.S. Route 40, southeast of the city of Vernal, the county seat of Uintah County, and about 17 miles west of the Colorado border. Although Jensen is unincorporated, it has a post office, with the ZIP code of 84035.

Jensen was first settled in 1877 and named for Lars Jensen, an early prospector and ferryman. Today its main importance is as the Utah entrance to Dinosaur National Monument.
Conveying the Child's Coffin (A Child's Funeral)
Conveying the Child's Coffin (A Child's Funeral) is a painting by Finnish painter Albert Edelfelt completed in 1879.

The painting depicts a rowing boat on the sea outside Haiko, Porvoo in Finland on a sunny late summer morning. In the foreground the brown-tarred rowing boat contains three peasant women, two men and a girl and a coffin.

The painting is on display at Ateneum in Helsinki, Finland.

Ateneum
Ateneum is an art museum in Helsinki, Finland and one of the three museums forming the Finnish National Gallery. It is located in the centre of Helsinki on the south side of Rautatientori square close to Helsinki Central railway station. It has the biggest collections of classical art in Finland. Before 1991 the Ateneum building also housed the Finnish Academy of Fine Arts and University of Art and Design Helsinki.
Letter 47 (Seneca)
Seneca the Younger's Letter 47 of his Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium, sometimes known as On Master and Slave or On Slavery, is an essayistic look at dehumanization in the context of slavery in ancient Rome. It was a criticism of aspects of Roman slavery, without outright opposition to it (Seneca was himself a slaveholder), and had a favorable later reception by Enlightenment philosophers and subsequently the 19th century abolitionist movement. Conversely, the text has also been seen as a proslavery apologia, as well as in the light of the Stoic philosophical idea that "all men are slaves".

Historical Stoicism believed in human equality by natural law, but also recognized positive law. It was in disagreement with Aristotle's earlier concept of natural slavery. As such, Seneca made objection to behavior seen as particularly degrading such as corporal punishment and sexual exploitation of enslaved people, but not to the overall social system.

Positive law
Positive laws (Latin: ius positum) are human-made laws that oblige or specify an action. Positive law also describes the establishment of specific rights for an individual or group. Etymologically, the name derives from the verb to posit.

The concept of positive law is distinct from natural law, which comprises inherent rights, conferred not by act of legislation but by "God, nature, or reason". Positive law is also described as the law that applies at a certain time (present or past) and at a certain place, consisting of statutory law, and case law as far as it is binding.  More specifically, positive law may be characterized as "law actually and specifically enacted or adopted by proper authority for the government of an organized jural society."
AD 58
AD 58 (LVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caesar and Messalla (or, less frequently, year 811 Ab urbe condita). The denomination AD 58 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Common year starting on Sunday
A common year starting on Sunday is any non-leap year (i.e. a year with 365 days) that begins on Sunday, 1 January, and ends on Sunday, 31 December. Its dominical letter hence is A. The most recent year of such kind was 2023, and the next one will be 2034 in the Gregorian calendar, or, likewise, 2018 and 2029 in the obsolete Julian calendar, see below for more.

Any common year that starts on a Sunday has two Friday the 13ths: those two in this common year occur in January and October.

This year has four months (January, April, July and October) which begin on a weekend-day.
Edward Perl
Edward Roy Perl (October 6, 1926 – July 15, 2014) was an American neuroscientist whose research focused on neural mechanisms of and circuitry involved in somatic sensation, principally nociception. Work in his laboratory in the late 1960s established the existence of unique nociceptors. Perl was one of the founding members of the Society for Neuroscience and served as its first president. He was a Sarah Graham Kenan Professor of Cell Biology & Physiology and a member of the UNC Neuroscience Center at the University of North Carolina School of Medicine.

UNC School of Medicine
The University of North Carolina School of Medicine (UNC School of Medicine, UNC SOM) is the medical school of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Founded in 1879, it is one of the top-ranked medical schools in the US, received a Tier 1 ranking from U.S. News & World Report for both research (10th) and primary care (15th), and was ranked 23rd overall by Admit.org. The school is closely affiliated with UNC Health and UNC Medical Center, and serves as a major center for medical education, clinical care, and biomedical research in North Carolina.

The school offers a range of graduate and professional medical programs, including Doctor of Medicine (MD), combined MD/PhD, and combined MD/MPH degree programs, and academic health science programs including physical therapy, physician assistant, and clinical laboratory science.
Giovanni Moreno
Giovanni Andrés Moreno Cardona (Spanish pronunciation: [ɟʝoˈβani moˈɾeno]; born 1 July 1986) is a Colombian former footballer who used to play for club Atlético Nacional where he primarily operated as an attacking midfielder.

2007 Categoría Primera B season
The 2007 Categoría Primera B season, officially known as the 2007 Copa Premier for sponsorship reasons, was the 18th season of Colombia's second tier football league Categoría Primera B since its founding. The competition began on 10 February and ended on 10 November 2007. Envigado were the champions, winning both of the season's short tournaments to claim their second Primera B title as well as promotion to Categoría Primera A.
Tahupōtiki Haddon
Robert Tahupōtiki Haddon (5 October 1866 – 5 November 1936) was a New Zealand Methodist minister. Of Māori descent, he identified with the Ngāti Ruanui iwi. He was born in the Hokianga, New Zealand, on 5 October 1866.

Ngāti Ruanui
Ngāti Ruanui is a Māori iwi traditionally based in the Taranaki region of New Zealand. In the 2006 census, 7,035 people claimed affiliation to the iwi. However, most members now live outside the traditional areas of the iwi.
Ralph Lundeen
Ralph John Lundeen (May 3, 1917 – March 30, 2004) was an American football and basketball coach. He served as the head football coach at Huron College—later known as Huron University—in Huron, South Dakota from 1950 to 1953, and Macalester College in St. Paul, Minnesota from 1957 to 1958. Lundeen played college football at the University of Minnesota during the early 1940s.

Macalester College
Macalester College (/məˈkælɪstər/ mə-KAL-iss-tər) is a private liberal arts college in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States. Founded in 1874, Macalester is exclusively an undergraduate institution with an enrollment of 2,068 students in the fall of 2025. The college has Scottish and Presbyterian roots and emphasizes internationalism and multiculturalism.

In 2023, the college offered 39 majors, 40 minors, and 11 concentrations. Students also have the option to design their own major. Macalester's sports teams compete in the NCAA Division III-level Minnesota Intercollegiate Athletic Conference. The college's 60-acre main campus is bordered by Summit Avenue to the north and St. Clair Avenue to the south. The 300-acre Ordway Field Station, a nature reserve and research station, is on the outskirts of the Twin Cities, along the Mississippi River.
2nd Cinque Ports Artillery Volunteers
The 2nd Cinque Ports Artillery Volunteers was a part-time unit of the British Army's Royal Artillery from 1890 to 1955. Raised as coastal defence artillery, it later served as field artillery in Mesopotamia during the First World War and in the Battle of France and Second Battle of El Alamein during the Second World War. Its successor units later operated as medium artillery in North West Europe, and as jungle artillery in Burma. Postwar, it became an anti-aircraft unit.

Groesbeek
Groesbeek (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɣruzbeːk] ⓘ) is a town and former municipality in the province of Gelderland, the Netherlands. In January 2015 the former municipality merged with Millingen aan de Rijn and Ubbergen. The larger area was known as Groesbeek until January 2016, when its name was changed to Berg en Dal.
Lisa Lachance
Lisa Anne Lachance MLA is a Canadian politician who was elected to the Nova Scotia House of Assembly in the 2021 Nova Scotia general election and re-elected in the 2024 Nova Scotia general election. She represents the riding of Halifax Citadel-Sable Island as a member of the Nova Scotia New Democratic Party.

As of August 2025, Lachance serves as the Official Opposition critic for Finance, Environment, Mental Health and Addictions, 2SLGBTQIA+ Affairs, Acadian Affairs, and Natural Resources. Lachance also serves as the New Democrat House Leader.

Nova Scotia New Democratic Party
The Nova Scotia New Democratic Party (Nova Scotia NDP) is a social democratic political party in Nova Scotia, Canada. It is the provincial section of the federal New Democratic Party.

It was founded as the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) in 1932, and became the New Democratic Party in 1961. It became the governing party of Nova Scotia following the 2009 Nova Scotia election, winning 31 seats in the Legislature, under the leadership of Premier Darrell Dexter. It is the only New Democratic Party in Atlantic Canada to form a government, and the second to form a government in a province east of Manitoba. The party lost government at the 2013 election, losing 24 seats, including Dexter's seat. Gary Burrill, the party’s leader from 2016 to 2022, is credited with bringing the party back to its left-wing roots. The party currently holds nine seats in the Legislature and has been led by Claudia Chender since June 2022.
Stuckism in the United States
The Stuckism art movement was started in London in 1999 to promote figurative painting and oppose conceptual art. This was mentioned in the United States media, but the first Stuckist presence in US was not until the following year, when former installation artist, Susan Constanse, founded a Pittsburgh chapter.

In 2001, a Seattle branch staged a demonstration against a "tacky" city art project; and Jeffrey Scott Holland, a Kentucky artist, organized a traveling show of Stuckist paintings. In 2002, Jesse Richards and others founded a Stuckist gallery in New Haven, and staged a protest against the Iraq War.

In 2004, Richards, Terry Marks and others took part in The Stuckists Punk Victorian show in England. In 2005, Richards staged a show of Stuckist and Remodernist groups in New York. In 2009, Nick Christos and others founded a student group in Miami. As of June 2010, there are 40 Stuckist groups in USA.

Art movement
An art movement is a tendency or style in art with a specific art philosophy or goal, followed by a group of artists during a specific period of time, (usually a few months, years or decades) or, at least, with the heyday of the movement defined within a number of years. Art movements were especially important in modern art, when each consecutive movement was considered a new avant-garde movement. Western art had been, from the Renaissance up to the middle of the 19th century, underpinned by the logic of perspective and an attempt to reproduce an illusion of visible reality (figurative art). By the end of the 19th century many artists felt a need to create a new style which would encompass the fundamental changes taking place in technology, science and philosophy (abstract art).
Treaty of Plussa
The Treaty or Truce of Plussa, Pljussa, Plyussa or Narva and Plusa (Russian: Плюсское перемирие, Swedish: Stilleståndsfördrag vid Narva å och Plusa) was a truce between Russia and Sweden, which ended the Livonian War (1558-1583). The truce was signed on 10 August 1583 at the Plyussa River north of the city of Pskov. The truce was set to expire in 1586, but was extended in 1585–1586.

According to the truce, Sweden kept the annexed Russian towns of Ivangorod (Ivanslott), Jamburg, Koporye (Kaprio) and Korela (Kexholm/Käkisalmi) with their uyezds, holding control over Ingria. Russia kept a narrow passage to the Baltic Sea at the estuary of the Neva River, between Strelka and Sestra Rivers.

Upon the expiration of the truce in 1590, Russia resumed the war against Sweden. In 1593, Russia and Sweden resumed peace negotiations, which would last for two years. Finally, the two countries signed the 1595 Treaty of Teusina (Tyavzino).

The aftermath was Sweden annexing northern Livonia.

Kingisepp
Kingisepp (Russian: Ки́нгисепп or Кингисе́пп), formerly Yamburg (Я́мбург), Yam (Ям), and Yama (Я́ма; Votic: Jaama), is a town and the administrative center of Kingiseppsky District of Leningrad Oblast, Russia, located along the Luga River 138 kilometers (86 mi) southwest of St. Petersburg, 20 kilometers (12 mi) east of Narva, and 40 kilometers (25 mi) south of the Gulf of Finland. Population:  48,488 (2010 census); 50,295 (2002 census); 49,954 (1989 Soviet census).
Trampas Group
The Trampas Group is a group of geologic formations that crops out in the Picuris Mountains of northern New Mexico. Detrital zircon geochronology yields a maximum age of 1475 million years, corresponding to the Calymmian period.

Detrital zircon geochronology
Detrital zircon geochronology is a scientific technique for understanding the age and provenance of sedimentary deposits. To determine the age of zircons deposited within a specific sedimentary unit, mass spectrometry is used to measure the abundance of radioisotopes in the grains, most commonly the uranium–lead ratio. Zircon is a common accessory or trace mineral constituent of most granite and felsic igneous rocks. Due to its hardness, durability and chemical inertness, zircon persists in sedimentary deposits and is a common constituent of most sands. Zircons contain trace amounts of uranium and thorium and can be dated using several modern analytical techniques.

Detrital zircon geochronology has become increasingly popular in geological studies from the 2000s mainly due to the advancement in radiometric dating techniques. Detrital zircon age data can be used to constrain the maximum depositional age, determine provenance, and reconstruct the tectonic setting on a regional scale.