hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Connecticut's 7th State Senate district
Connecticut's 7th State Senate district elects one member of the Connecticut State Senate. Its current senator is Republican John Kissel, who was first elected in 1994. The district is centered on the town of Enfield and also  contains the towns of Suffield, Windsor Locks, East Granby, Somers and parts of Granby and Windsor.

Enfield, Connecticut
Enfield is a town in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States, first settled by John and Robert Pease of Salem, Massachusetts Bay Colony. The town is part of the Capitol Planning Region. The population was 42,141 at the 2020 census. It is bordered by Longmeadow, Massachusetts, and East Longmeadow, Massachusetts, to the north, Somers to the east, East Windsor and Ellington to the south, and the Connecticut River (towns of Suffield and Windsor Locks) to the west.
1948 Wigan by-election
The 1948 Wigan by-election of 4 March 1948 was held after the death of the incumbent Labour MP, William Foster.

The by-election was contested by four candidates: Ronald Williams (Labour), Harold Dowling (Conservative), Thomas Rowlandson (Communist), and Owen L Roberts (King's Cavalier). Roberts was an ex-RAF Pathfinder observer fighting the election "for the peace and prosperity of the country."

The result was a hold for the Labour Party, with Williams gaining 59.1% of the vote, in spite of a 6.5% swing to the Conservative Party.

Swing (United Kingdom)
Swing, in the politics of the United Kingdom, is a number used as an indication of the scale of voter change between two political parties. It originated as a mathematical calculation for comparing the results of two Parliamentary constituencies.  The UK uses a first-past-the-post voting system. The swing (in percentage points) is the percentage of voter support minus the comparative percentage of voter support corresponding to the same electorate or demographic.

The swing is calculated by comparing the percentage of voter support from one election to another. The percentage value of the comparative elections results are compared with the corresponding results of the substantive election. An electoral swing analysis shows the extent of change in voter support from one election to another. It can be used as a means of comparison between individual candidates or political parties for a given electoral region or demographic.
Book League of America
The Book League of America, Inc. was a US book publisher and mail order book sales club. It was established in 1930, a few years after the Book of the Month Club. Its founder was Lawrence Lamm, previously an editor at Macmillan Inc. The company was located at 100 Fifth Avenue, New York City, New York, in a 240,000-square-foot (22,000 m2) office building that was constructed in 1906. It printed and  distributed a variety of volumes in the 1920s, 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s. A victim of the Great Depression, the Book League of America was purchased by Doubleday in 1936.

Philip Gibbs
Sir Philip Armand Thomas Hamilton Gibbs KBE, Chevalier of the Legion of Honour (1 May 1877 – 10 March 1962) was an English journalist and author who served as one of five official British war correspondents during the First World War.
Phạm Hồng Thái
Phạm Hồng Thái (1896–1924) was a Vietnamese activist,  revolutionary and a member of Đông Du. He was responsible for the assassination attempt on Martial Merlin, the governor-general of French Indochina then visiting Guangzhou, China.

Disguised as a journalist at the party given in Merlin's honor, Pham Hong Thai detonated the explosive device but failed to kill Merlin at the banquet.
 Hunted down by authorities, he chose to drown himself in the Pearl River to avoid capture. He was interred in the Huanghuagang Cemetery (Hoàng Hoa Cương in Vietnamese) Cemetery in Guangzhou next to 72 Chinese revolutionaries who died in the Second Guangzhou uprising.
Even though the assassination were unsuccessful, it fanned nationalist sentiments in Vietnam against French rule and intensified agitation among activists.

Đông Du
Đông Du (Saigon: [ɗəwŋm ju], Hanoi: [ɗəwŋm zu], journey to the east; Japanese: 東遊) was a Vietnamese political movement founded by Phan Bội Châu at the start of the 20th century that encouraged young Vietnamese to go east to Japan to study, in the hope of training a new era of revolutionary independent activists to rise against French colonial rule. Other notable proponents of Dong Du include Phan Châu Trinh and Prince Cường Để of Nguyễn house. In 1906 there were only 20 students in Japan, but October 1907, there were over 100 students in Japan, more than half from the South.
Quarterman
Quarterman is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Charlie Quarterman (born 1998), British cyclist

Belinda Gail Quarterman Noah, American Lawyer and Producer

Cynthia L. Quarterman, American lawyer

Dernard E. Quarterman, American politician

Elsie Quarterman (1910–2014), American plant ecologist

Joe Quarterman, American singer

John Quarterman (born 1954), American writer

Kurt Quarterman (born 1983), American football guard

Lloyd Quarterman (1918–1982), American chemist

Shaquille Quarterman (born 1997), American football linebacker

Tim Quarterman (born 1994), American basketball player

Lloyd Quarterman
Lloyd Albert Quarterman (May 31, 1918 – July 1982) was an American chemist working mainly with fluorine. During the Second World War, he was one of the first six African American scientists and technicians on the Manhattan Project.
Kaboom Town
Kaboom Town is a nationally recognized fireworks show in Addison, Texas that takes place at Addison Circle Park every July 3 to celebrate the Independence of the United States. With over 400,000 visitors and 1,500 pounds of fireworks, it is the largest fireworks display in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. The celebration features an air show, sponsored by the city's Cavanaugh Flight Museum and Addison Airport, which includes historic warplanes completing flyovers over the park.

Since 2014, the 30-minute pyrotechnics portion of the event has been organized and synchronized by Chad Stanley of Pyro Shows of Texas. It is recognized by the American Pyrotechnics  Association as one of the top ten "must see" Fourth of July events in the nation.

In 2020, the in-person event was canceled due to the COVID-19 pandemic, but the fireworks display was live-streamed from an alternate location. The in-person events resumed in 2021.

Air show
An air show (or airshow, air fair, air tattoo) is a public event where aircraft are exhibited. They often include aerobatics demonstrations, without which they are called "static air shows" with aircraft parked on the ground.

The largest air show measured by number of exhibitors and size of exhibit space is Le Bourget, followed by Farnborough, with the Dubai Airshow and Singapore Airshow both claiming third place. The largest air show or fly-in by number of participating aircraft is EAA AirVenture Oshkosh, with approximately 10,000 aircraft participating annually. The biggest military airshow in the world is the Royal International Air Tattoo, at RAF Fairford in the United Kingdom. On the other hand, FIDAE in II Air Brigade of the FACH, next to the Arturo Merino Benítez International Airport in Santiago, Chile, is the largest aerospace fair in Latin America and the Southern Hemisphere.
Theological veto
The theological veto is the concept in philosophy of religion that philosophy and logic are impious and that God, not reason, is sovereign. This concept is held as true by some theists, especially religious fundamentalists.

The idea is derived from a belief that mankind is depraved, and its intellect is a flawed product of this fallenness. In this view conversion, not reason, is the way to the truth; preaching, not argument, is the way to persuade; and grace, not evidence is the way belief is confirmed. In this view, natural reason is so profoundly hostile to the divine that holding it above faith is tantamount to worshiping a sinful creature as an idol. Even the use of reason on behalf of faith is rejected under the theological veto, as it shows faithlessness. It presupposes by practice that faith can be benefited by reason.

Faith
In religion, faith is the "belief in God or in the doctrines or teachings of religion".

Religious people often think of faith as confidence based on a perceived degree of warrant, or evidence, while others who are more skeptical of religion tend to think of faith as belief without evidence.

According to Thomas Aquinas, faith is "an act of the intellect assenting to the truth at the command of the will".
Religion has a long tradition, since the ancient world, of analyzing divine questions using common human experiences such as sensation, reason, science, and history that do not rely on revelation—called natural theology.
Mihai Paul
Mihail-Octavian Paul (born May 12, 1982) is a Romanian professional basketball player, currently with CSA Steaua București of the Romanian Liga Națională and the FIBA Europe Cup.

He represented Romania's national basketball team at the EuroBasket 2015 qualification, where he was his team’s best free throw shooter.

Liga Națională (men's basketball)
The Liga Națională de Baschet Masculin (LNBM) (English: National League) is the top-tier professional basketball league of Romania. The winner of the league each season is crowned the Romanian national champion. Founded in 1950, the league consists of 24 teams playing in three different divisions.  Currently, the clubs from the Liga Națională also participate in the European competitions, and can qualify for the Basketball Champions League or the FIBA Europe Cup based on their performance in the national league and cup competition. The most successful club in the league's history is Dinamo București, who has won a record 22 titles. Asesoft Ploieşti won the championship seven times in a row between 2004 and 2010, and again between 2012 and 2014. They became the only Romanian team to win a European title with their success in the FIBA EuroCup Challenge in 2005.
M. Feroze Ahmed
M. Feroze Ahmed (born 31 December 1945) achieved excellence in teaching, engineering profession and scientific research and earned national and international recognition and awards as an eminent professor, civil engineer and scientist. He is the former vice-chancellor of Stamford University Bangladesh.

University of Strathclyde
The University of Strathclyde (Scottish Gaelic: Oilthigh Shrath Chluaidh) is a public research university located in Glasgow, Scotland. Founded in 1796 as the Andersonian Institute, it is Glasgow's second-oldest university, having received its royal charter in 1964 as the first technological university in the United Kingdom. Taking its name from the historic Kingdom of Strathclyde, its combined enrolment of 25,000 undergraduate and graduate students ranks it Scotland's third-largest university, drawn with its staff from over 100 countries.

The annual income of the institution for 2024–25 was £430.6 million of which £119.5 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £440.1 million.
2023 Open delle Puglie – Doubles
Elisabetta Cocciaretto and Olga Danilović were the reigning champions, but chose not to participate this year.

Katarzyna Kawa and Anna Sisková won the title, defeating Valentini Grammatikopoulou and Elixane Lechemia 6–1, 6–2 in the final.

Olga Danilović
Olga Danilović (Serbian Cyrillic: Олга Даниловић, pronounced [ôːlɡa danǐːloʋitɕ]; born 23 January 2001) is a Serbian professional tennis player. She has a career-high singles ranking of world No. 32 by the WTA, achieved on 14 July 2025 and a best doubles ranking of No. 90, reached on 27 October 2025. She is the current No. 1 Serbian female singles player. Danilović has won two singles titles and two doubles titles on the WTA Tour.

On the WTA Challenger Tour, she has won two singles titles and one doubles title. Additionally, she has won seven singles titles and one doubles title on the ITF Circuit. Playing for Serbia, Danilović holds a win–loss record of 12–8 in Billie Jean King Cup competition, as of June 2025.
Sleeping Giant (film)
Sleeping Giant is a 2015 Canadian drama film written and directed by Andrew Cividino. The film follows three teenage boys coping with boredom in cottage country on the shores of Lake Superior.

The film premiered in the Critics' Week section at the 2015 Cannes Film Festival. It is an expansion of a short film that Cividino made in 2013, which was nominated for Best Live Action Short Drama at the 3rd Canadian Screen Awards. The film is named after the Sleeping Giant cliffs near Thunder Bay.

Critics' Week
Critics' Week (French: Semaine de la critique), until 2008 called International Critics' Week (Semaine internationale de la critique), is a parallel section to the Cannes Film Festival organized by the French Syndicate of Cinema Critics.
Bruce Codd
Bruce Codd (born February 23, 1978, in Orangeville, Ontario) is a lacrosse player for the Toronto Rock in the National Lacrosse League.

Codd began his NLL career with the Albany Attack in 2000. He played one season in each of Albany, Columbus, Montreal, and Ottawa before settling in Arizona for four seasons. When the Sting ceased operations after the 2007 season, Codd was chosen by Calgary in the dispersal draft. Codd remained in Calgary for four seasons before signing a two-year contract with the Toronto Rock as a free agent before the 2012 season.

Arizona Sting
The Arizona Sting was a professional American box lacrosse team and a member of the National Lacrosse League from 2004 to 2007. They played at Nationwide Arena in Columbus, Ohio, from 2001 to 2003 as the Columbus Landsharks, and in 2003 moved to Glendale, Arizona. The team adopted the name Sting in November 2003 and began playing in the Glendale Arena (now Desert Diamond Arena).

In 2005, the Sting defeated the 2004 NLL champion Calgary Roughnecks to win the franchise's first-ever West Division title. The Sting fell 19–13 to the East Division champion Toronto Rock in the league championships.
FORMIND
FORMIND (forest model individual-based) is an individual based forest gap model that is able to simulate the growth of species-rich forests. It was developed in the late 1990s to simulate forest dynamics of tropical forests.

Dynamic global vegetation model
A Dynamic Global Vegetation Model (DGVM) is a computer program that simulates shifts in potential vegetation and its associated biogeochemical and hydrological cycles as a response to shifts in climate. DGVMs use time series of climate data and, given constraints of latitude, topography, and soil characteristics, simulate monthly or daily dynamics of ecosystem processes.  DGVMs are used most often to simulate the effects of future climate change on natural vegetation and its carbon and water cycles.
Shatki, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Shatki (Russian: Шатки́) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Shatkovsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, Russia. Population:  9,652 (2010 Census); 9,879 (2002 Census); 9,469 (1989 Soviet census).

Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (Russian: Нижегородская область, romanized: Nizhegorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Nizhny Novgorod. It has a population of 3,119,115 as of the 2021 Census. From 1932 to 1990, it was known as Gorky Oblast (Russian: Горьковская область).

The oblast is crossed by the Volga River. Apart from Nizhny Novgorod's metropolitan area (including Dzerzhinsk, Bor and Kstovo) the biggest city is Arzamas. Near the town of Sarov there is the Serafimo-Diveyevsky Monastery, one of the largest convents in Russia, established by Saint Seraphim of Sarov. The Makaryev Monastery opposite of the town of Lyskovo used to be the location of the largest fair in Eastern Europe. Other historic towns include Gorodets and Balakhna, located on the Volga to the north from Nizhny Novgorod.
Jazz for Two
Jazz for Two (Korean: 재즈처럼) is a 2024 South Korean television series based on the BL web novel of the same name by Keul Ra-jyu, starring Ji Ho-geun, Kim Jin-kwon, Song Han-gyeom and Kim Jung-ha. It aired on Cinema Heaven from March 26–29, 2024, at 13:00 (KST). It is also available for streaming every Wednesday through 10 global OTT services, including Wavve, Watcha, TVING, Naver N Store, Genie TV, BTV, U+TV, FOD, GagaOOLala, and iQIYI.

TVING
TVING (Korean: 티빙) is a South Korean exclusive subscription video on-demand, over-the-top, streaming television service operated by TVING Corporation, a joint venture comprising CJ Group, Naver and JTBC by its JTBC Studios, now called SLL. TVING distributes television series, specials, variety shows, films, documentaries, animations, and sports.
Maroona
Maroona is a rural village in the western region of Victoria, Australia. It is approximately 229 kilometres (142 mi) west of the state's capital, Melbourne. Maroona is part of the statistical area of Tatyoon which at the 2021 Census, had a population of 80.

Maroona sits on the junction of the Western standard gauge line and the Portland railway line. The lines were built as 1,600 mm (5 ft 3 in) (broad gauge) from Ararat to Portland in 1877. and 1913 the Gheringhap–Maroona line was opened, junctioning with the line at Gheringhap. They were converted to standard gauge in 1995. The grain handling facility at Maroona railway station has been closed.

Western standard gauge railway line
The Western standard gauge railway line is a standard-gauge railway line in western Victoria, Australia. Completed in 1995, it forms part of the Melbourne–Adelaide rail corridor and serves as the principal interstate rail link between Victoria and the western states. The line replaced a number of former broad gauge routes which were gauge converted, and today sees both intrastate and interstate freight traffic, as well as the twice weekly (in each direction) The Overland passenger service. Major towns on the route include Geelong, Ararat, Horsham and Dimboola.
Husson Eagles football, 2003–2009
The Husson Eagles football program, 2003–2009 represented Husson University during the 2000s in college football as an independent until 2008 and as a member of the Eastern Collegiate Football Conference (ECFC) in 2009. The team was led by two different head coaches: Gabby Price from 2003 to 2008 and Niles Nelson, who held the position from 2009 to 2010. This was the second iteration of football at Husson, as the team disbanded after the 1936 season due to low participation and returned briefly in 1938 as a six-man football team, but did not field a full team again until 2003. The six-man team's stats are not reflected in the overall records or stats.

The team was first referred to as the Braves in 2003 before becoming the Eagles ahead of the 2004 season.

Gallaudet Bison football
The Gallaudet Bison football team represents Gallaudet University in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division III competition. It has been discontinued many times, and most recently restarted in 2007. 
After an undefeated season in 2005, the first time such a season was achieved in the program's 122-year history, head coach Ed Hottle began his campaign to return Gallaudet to the NCAA ranks. With support from the Gallaudet administration, the Bison played their last season of club football in 2006 and played a full NCAA slate of eight games in 2007.

The home stadium, Hotchkiss Field, was known as Garlic Field prior to 1924.
Harold Evans (cricketer)
Harold Ernest Evans OBE (20 October 1891 – 24 September 1980) was an English first-class cricketer and Royal Navy officer.

Evans was born at Hampstead in October 1891. After enlisting in the Royal Navy, he was promoted from the rank of midshipman to sub lieutenant in August 1912. He served in the Royal Navy during the First World War, with Evans being promoted to the rank of lieutenant in the first month of the war. Following the war, he made an OBE in August 1919 for valuable services during the war aboard HMS Renown. He made a single appearance in first-class cricket for the Royal Navy against Cambridge University at Fenner's in 1920. Batting twice in the match, he was dismissed for 2 runs in the Royal Navy first-innings by Charles Marriott, while in their second-innings he was dismissed for 3 runs by Clement Gibson. He was promoted to the rank of lieutenant commander in August 1922. Evans died at Crowthorne in September 1980.

Lieutenant commander (Royal Navy)
Lieutenant commander (often abbreviated Lt Cdr), formerly more commonly lieutenant-commander, is a senior officer rank in the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom. It is immediately junior to commander and immediately senior to the naval rank of lieutenant.

The equivalent rank in the British Army and Royal Marines is major; and in the Royal Air Force, it is squadron leader.
Oil City, Mississippi
Oil City is an unincorporated community located in Yazoo County, Mississippi. Oil City is approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Anding, 4 miles (6.4 km) south of Tinsley and approximately 8 miles (13 km) northwest of Bentonia.

Oil City has a zip code of 39040.

In 1939, the Tinsley Oil Field was discovered west of the settlement, which prompted a minor oil boom.  In Oil City, "streets and commercial buildings" were "sold to optimistic business interests and speculators." However, development never materialized.

Residents are within the Yazoo County School District. Residents are zoned to Yazoo County Middle School and Yazoo County High School.

Yazoo County High School
Yazoo County High School (YCHS) is a public high school in unincorporated Yazoo County, Mississippi, near Yazoo City. It is a part of the Yazoo County School District.

It serves all areas of Yazoo County not in the city limits of Yazoo City. These areas include Benton, Bentonia, and Satartia.
A Grande Família
A Grande Família (English: The Big Family) is a Brazilian television sitcom created by Oduvaldo Vianna Filho and Armando Costa that originally aired on Rede Globo from 29 March 2001 to 11 September 2014. The show tells the story of a typical middle-class family living in a suburban neighborhood of Rio de Janeiro. It is a remake of the series of the same name that aired in Brazil in the 1970s.

The family consists of a working father, Lineu, a housewife and mother, Nenê, their son Tuco, their daughter Bebel, and Bebel's fiancée, Agostinho, a taxi driver portrayed as the typical carioca malandro. The family's grandfather, Floriano, was written out of the story after the death of actor Rogério Cardoso.

In addition to being the longest-running Brazilian sitcom, A Grande Família is considered one of the most popular comedy shows in Brazil.

A film based on the series was released in theaters on 10 January 2007.

Malandragem
Malandragem (Portuguese pronunciation: [malɐ̃ˈdɾaʒẽj], lit. 'roguishness' in Portuguese) is a lifestyle of idleness, fast living and petty crime. It is traditionally celebrated in samba lyrics, especially those of Noel Rosa and Bezerra da Silva. 
The concept is common in Brazilian literature,  Brazilian cinema and Brazilian music.

The exponent of this lifestyle, the malandro (a masculine adjective), or "bad boy" (rogue, hustler, rascal, scoundrel, gangster), has become significant to Brazilian national identity as a folk hero or, rather, an anti-hero.
The malandros are a classic carioca archetype. The well-dressed, work-shirking wise guy who sidesteps society’s rules to live as he pleases.