hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Combat-net radio
In telecommunications, a combat-net radio (CNR) is a radio operating in a network that (a) provides a half-duplex circuit and (b) uses either a single radio frequency or a discrete set of radio frequencies when in a frequency hopping mode.

CNRs are primarily used for push-to-talk-operated radio nets for command and control of combat, combat support, and combat service support operations among military ground, sea, and air forces.

In the United States, two military standards govern the use of combat net radios and the host applications that communicate over the network: MIL-STD-188-220 and MIL-STD-2045-47001. In addition to IETF RFCs governing UDP, TCP, and IPv4/IPv6, all seven layers of the OSI communications architecture are addressed. MIL-STD-2045-47001 covers layer 7 (application), while MIL-STD-188-220 covers layers 1 through 3 (physical, data link, and network).

United States Military Standard
A United States defense standard, often called a military standard, "MIL-STD", "MIL-SPEC", or (informally) "MilSpecs", is used to help achieve standardization objectives by the United States Department of Defense.

Standardization is beneficial in achieving interoperability, ensuring products meet certain requirements, commonality, reliability, total cost of ownership, compatibility with logistics systems, and similar defense-related objectives.

Defense standards are also used by other non-defense government organizations, technical organizations, and industry. This article discusses definitions, history, and usage of defense standards. Related documents, such as defense handbooks and defense specifications, are also addressed.
Bestâmi Yazgan
Bestâmi Yazgan (born 1957, in Osmaniye, Turkey) is a Turkish composer. He graduated from Atatürk University, School of Literature in 1978. Currently, he teaches literature at Istanbul Vefa High School in addition to working as editor in chief of the periodical Güneysu Kültür, Sanat ve Edebiyat Dergisi that has been published in Osmaniye for 16 years.

Atatürk University
Atatürk University (Turkish: Atatürk Üniversitesi) is a public land-grant research university established in 1957 in Erzurum, Turkey, in collaboration with the University of Nebraska. The university comprises 23 faculties, 18 colleges, 8 institutes, and 30 research centers. The university's main campus is located in Erzurum, one of the largest cities in Eastern Anatolia, and is considered one of the city's most prominent assets. Since its founding, the university has been a center of educational and cultural development for the eastern region of Turkey.
Tim Stearns
Tim Stearns (born 1961 in Manhasset, New York) is an American scientist and university administrator. He is the Dean of Graduate and Postgraduate Studies, Vice President of Education, and Head of the Laboratory of Cellular Dynamics at The Rockefeller University. Stearns was formerly the Frank Lee and Carol Hall Professor in the Department of Biology at Stanford University, with appointments in the Department of Genetics and the Cancer Center in the Stanford Medical School. Stearns served as chair of the Department of Biology at Stanford, 2014-2020, as well as Acting Dean of Research and Senior Associate Vice Provost of Research. He also chaired the 52nd Faculty Senate, 2019-2020. Stearns is an HHMI Professor, and is a member of JASON, a scientific advisory group. He has served on the editorial boards of The Journal of Cell Biology, Genetics and Molecular Biology of the Cell.

Manhasset, New York
Manhasset is an affluent hamlet and census-designated place (CDP) in Nassau County, on the North Shore of Long Island, in New York, United States. It is considered the anchor community of the Greater Manhasset area, and is partially located on the southwestern part of the Cow Neck Peninsula. The population was 8,176 at the time of the 2020 census.

As with other unincorporated communities in New York, the CDP's local affairs are administered by the town in which it is located, the Town of North Hempstead.

Additionally, the hamlet serves as the town seat of North Hempstead, and North Hempstead Town Hall – the town's governmental headquarters – is located within Manhasset's downtown, along Plandome Road.
Hayatovci
Hayatovci is the first specialized children's TV channel in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The program name comes from the popular children's TV show Hayatovci that originally aired on Hayat TV. The headquarters of TV channel is located in Vogošća (near Sarajevo).

The program is produced in the Bosnian language. The channel's programming is dedicated to children aged 6 to 12 years and it usually consists of both natively Bosnian and dubbed (non-violent) cartoons and educational programs.

Hayatovci is available via cable systems throughout the Bosnia and Herzegovina and former Yugoslavia, Balkan countries or worldwide via exclusive IPTV platforms offering a special Hayat TV package (with Hayat TV, Hayat Plus, Hayat Music and Hayat Folk).

Cartoon
A cartoon is a type of visual art that is typically drawn, frequently animated, in an unrealistic or semi-realistic style. The specific meaning has evolved, but the modern usage usually refers to either: an image or series of images intended for satire, caricature, or humor; or a motion picture that relies on a sequence of illustrations for its animation. Someone who creates cartoons in the first sense is called a cartoonist, and in the second sense they are usually called an animator.

The concept originated in the Middle Ages, and first described a preparatory drawing for a piece of art, such as a painting, fresco, tapestry, or stained glass window. In the 19th century, beginning in Punch magazine in 1843, cartoon came to refer – ironically at first – to humorous artworks in magazines and newspapers. Then it also was used for political cartoons and comic strips. When the medium developed, in the early 20th century, it began to refer to animated films that resembled print cartoons.
Dehydrogenation
In chemistry, dehydrogenation is a chemical reaction that involves the removal of hydrogen, usually from an organic molecule. It is the reverse of hydrogenation.  Dehydrogenation is important, both as a useful reaction and a serious problem.  At its simplest, it is a useful way of converting alkanes, which are relatively inert and thus low-valued, to olefins, which are reactive and thus more valuable. Alkenes are precursors to aldehydes (R−CH=O), alcohols (R−OH), polymers, and aromatics.  As a problematic reaction, the fouling and inactivation of many catalysts arises via coking, which is the dehydrogenative polymerization of organic substrates.

Enzymes that catalyze dehydrogenation are called dehydrogenases.

Coking
Coking is the process of heating coal in the absence of oxygen to a temperature above 600 °C (1,112 °F) to drive off the volatile components of the raw coal, leaving behind a hard, strong, porous material with a high carbon content called coke. Coke is predominantly carbon. Its porous structure provides a high surface area, allowing it to burn more rapidly, much like how a bundle of tinder burns faster than a solid wooden log. As such, when a kilogram of coke is burned, it releases more heat than a kilogram of the original coal.
2003 Abierto Mexicano Telefonica Movistar
The 2003 Abierto Mexicano Telefonica Movistar was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Fairmont Acapulco Princess in Acapulco in Mexico that was part of the International Series Gold of the 2003 ATP Tour and of Tier III of the 2003 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from February 24 through March 2, 2003.

Hotel Princess Mundo Imperial
The Hotel Princess Mundo Imperial is a resort hotel located in Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico.  The hotel features eight tennis courts, including a 6,000-seat stadium court.  It was the host of the Abierto Mexicano Telcel, an annual event on the ATP Tour and the WTA Tour.
Avalon: The Greatest Hits
Avalon: The Greatest Hits (2009) is a greatest hits album by Contemporary Christian music vocal group Avalon.  Titles appearing on the album include fan-favorites "Give It Up", "Adonai", "Can't Live A Day", "All", and "You Were There", as well as "Testify To Love", the latter of which became the longest-running No. 1 Adult Contemporary song in the history of the CCM Update AC chart.  Also included is then-new recording and radio single, "Still My God".  The song garnered immediate attention and success, eventually becoming Avalon's 21st career #1 radio hit.  In addition, the song peaked at #2 on Radio & Records' Soft AC/Inspo chart.

Radio & Records
Radio & Records (R&R) was a trade publication providing news and airplay information for the radio and music industries.  It started as an independent trade from 1973 to 2006 until VNU Media took over in 2006 and became a relaunched sister trade to Billboard, until its final issue in 2009.
2024 OFC Men's Champions League
The 2024 OFC Men's Champions League was the 23rd edition of the Oceanian club championship. Organized by the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC), it is Oceania's premier club football tournament. This was the first season under the current OFC Men's Champions League name.

The tournament winner qualified for the 2024 FIFA Intercontinental Cup. By winning the 2022 OFC Champions League and the 2023 OFC Champions League, Auckland City earned the right to play at the 2025 FIFA Club World Cup in the United States before even playing the 2024 OFC Men's Champions League.

OFC Men's Champions League
The OFC Men's Champions League is the premier men's club football competition in Oceania. It is organised by the OFC, Oceania's football governing body. Beginning as the Oceania Club Championship (1987–2006), it has been organised since 2007 under its current format. The first four Club Championship titles were won by Australian clubs. Since 2006, when Australia left the OFC, 16 OFC titles have been won by clubs from New Zealand, one by a Papua New Guinean club and one by a New Caledonian club.

Trophies for OFC tournament winners are made by London-based silversmiths Thomas Lyte. The winning club used to qualify for the FIFA Intercontinental Cup, entering at the African–Asian–Pacific Cup play-off stage. Additionally, the best-ranked champion in a 4-year period, Auckland City FC, qualified for the 2025 edition of the FIFA Club World Cup. Qualifications for those tournaments are now handled by the OFC Professional League.
Blue Mountain Melody
Blue Mountain Melody (also seen as The Blue Mountains Melody) is a 1934 Australian musical comedy. The musical is set in and around Sydney, Australia; with scenes in the Blue Mountains, New South Wales, Palm Beach, New South Wales, and Kings Cross, New South Wales. It was a rare local musical produced by J. C. Williamson Ltd. The firm commissioned it following the success of Collits' Inn.

Blue Mountain Melody's original production featuring Madge Elliott and Cyril Ritchard opened at the Theatre Royal in Sydney in September 1934. The production moved to Melbourne at His Majesty's Theatre in November 1934.

Plans were announced to make a movie of it using the stage cast under the direction of Frederick Blackman. However the musical was not a notable success and Williamson did not produce another local original musical until The Sentimental Bloke in the early 1960s.

Cyril Ritchard
Cyril Joseph Trimnell-Ritchard  (1 December 1898 – 18 December 1977), known professionally as Cyril Ritchard, was an Australian stage, screen and television actor, and director. He is best remembered today for his performance as Captain Hook in the Mary Martin musical production of Peter Pan. In 1945, he played Gabriele Eisenstein in Gay Rosalinda at the Palace theatre in London, a version of Strauss's Die Fledermaus by Erich Wolfgang Korngold in which he appeared with Peter Graves. The show was conducted by Richard Tauber and ran for almost a year.
Dippel's oil
Dippel's oil (sometimes referred to as bone oil) is a nitrogenous by-product of the destructive distillation of bones and other parts of animal carcasses.

The oil is named after its inventor, Johann Konrad Dippel.
It is derived by multiple distillations from raw animal oil ("oleum animale foetidum crudum"), a dark, viscous, tar-like liquid with an unpleasant smell, consisting of aliphatic chains, with nitrogen functional groups including  pyrroles, pyridines and nitriles, as well as other nitrogenous compounds.

Oleum animale foetidum crudum had a number of uses, which are mostly obsolete. Its primary use was as an animal and insect repellent. It saw limited use as a chemical warfare harassing agent during the desert campaign of World War II. The oil was used to render wells undrinkable and thus deny their use to the enemy. 
By not being lethal, the oil was claimed to not be in breach of the Geneva Protocol.

Nitrile
In organic chemistry, a nitrile is any organic compound that has a −C≡N functional group. The name of the compound is composed of a base, which includes the carbon of the −C≡N, suffixed with "nitrile", so for example CH3CH2C≡N is called "propionitrile" (or propanenitrile). The prefix cyano- is used interchangeably with the term nitrile in industrial literature. Nitriles are found in many useful compounds, including methyl cyanoacrylate, used in super glue, and nitrile rubber, a nitrile-containing polymer used in latex-free laboratory and medical gloves. Nitrile rubber is also widely used as automotive and other seals since it is resistant to fuels and oils. Organic compounds containing multiple nitrile groups are known as cyanocarbons.

Inorganic compounds containing the −C≡N group are not called nitriles, but cyanides instead. Though both nitriles and cyanides can be derived from cyanide salts, most nitriles are not nearly as toxic.
Swimming at the 2005 World Aquatics Championships – Men's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay
The Men's 4×100 Freestyle Relay event at the 2005 FINA World Aquatics Championships was swum on July 24, 2005 in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. 24 teams swam in preliminary heats in the day's morning session, with the top-8 teams from the prelims advancing to swim again in the final heat in the day's evening session.

At the start of the event, the existing World (WR) and Championships (CR) records were:

WR: 3:13.17,  South Africa (Schoeman, Ferns, Townsend, Neethling), swum August 15, 2004 in Athens, Greece

CR: 3:14.06,  Russia  (Kapralov, Usov, Pimankov, Popov), swum July 20, 2003 in Barcelona, Spain

Roland Schoeman
Roland Mark Schoeman OIS (born 3 July 1980) is a South African and American former swimmer was a world record holder in multiple events, and was a member of the South African swimming team at the 2000, 2004, 2008 and 2012 Olympic Games.  He won a gold medal representing South Africa in the 4x100 freestyle relay at the 2004 Athens Olympics and between 2000-2014 won numerous medals including seven golds in freestyle, and butterfly events at the World Championships, Pan American, and Commonwealth games.
University of Science and Technology of China
The University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) is a public university in Hefei, Anhui, China. It is owned by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and co-funded by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Ministry of Education of China, and the Anhui Provincial Government. It is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction.

The university was founded in Beijing by the Chinese Academy of Sciences in September 1958. In the beginning of 1970, the university moved to Hefei during the Cultural Revolution. The university has 13 schools, 11 national research platforms, 8 science-education integration colleges, and 5 joint cooperative institutes with local governments. The university is a member of the C9 League.

Ministry of Education (China)
The Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China is a constituent department of the State Council, responsible for basic education, vocational education, higher education, and other educational affairs throughout the country. The Ministry of Education acts as the predominant funder of national universities and colleges in China. The ministry also accredits tertiary institutions, degree curriculum, and school teachers of the country.

The Ministry of Education currently has 19 internal departments and bureaus. As of 2022, there were 75 colleges and universities affiliated with the Ministry of Education.
Ali Sindi
Dr. Ali Sindi (Kurdish: د. علی سندی; is an Iraqi Kurdish politician and Minister for Planning for the Kurdistan Regional Government.  He graduated from University of Mosul (BA), Salahaddin University-Erbil (MA), and Harvard Kennedy School (MPA).

University of Mosul
The University of Mosul (Arabic: جامعة الموصل) is a public university located in Mosul. It is one of the largest educational and research centers in the Middle East, and the second largest in Iraq, behind the University of Baghdad.

The University of Mosul was closed by ISIS (Islamic State) in 2014 but reopened just after a few months with new buildings and courses. Over 8,000 books in its library were believed to have been destroyed. The university was considered to have been used as a base by ISIS and was hit by Combined Joint Task Force airstrikes in March 2016. Iraqi forces recaptured it in January 2017.
O. H. Burnett
Otis Herman Burnett (January 7, 1872–August 10, 1906) was an American lawyer, businessman, and politician.

Burnett was born in Williamson County, Illinois and went to the Williamson County public schools. He worked as a cashier at the bank in Marion, Illinois. Burnett graduated from Valparaiso University in 1892 and from Yale Law School in 1899. Burnett was admitted to the Illinois bar in 1899 and practiced law in Marion, Illinois. Burnett served in the Illinois Senate from 1901 to his death in 1906. He was a Republican. Burnett died at his home in Marion, Illinois from a brief illness.

Williamson County, Illinois
Williamson County is a county in Illinois. At the 2020 census, it had a population of 67,153. Its largest city and county seat is Marion. Williamson County is part of the Metro Lakeland area of Southern Illinois.
Small nucleolar RNA Z182
In molecular biology, Small nucleolar RNA Z182 is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

snoRNA Z182 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.

Plant snoRNA Z182 was identified in a screen of Oryza sativa.

Nucleolus
The nucleolus (/njuːˈkliːələs, ˌnjuːkliˈoʊləs/; pl.: nucleoli /-laɪ/) is the largest structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is best known as the site of ribosome biogenesis. The nucleolus also participates in the formation of signal recognition particles and plays a role in the cell's response to stress. Nucleoli are made of proteins, DNA and RNA, and form around specific chromosomal regions called nucleolar organizing regions.  Malfunction of the nucleolus is the cause of several human conditions called "nucleolopathies" and the nucleolus is being investigated as a target for cancer chemotherapy.
2011–12 Milwaukee Panthers men's basketball team
The 2011–12 Milwaukee Panthers men's basketball team represented the University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee during the 2011–12 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Panthers, led by seventh year head coach Rob Jeter, played their home games at U.S. Cellular Arena, with two home games played at the Klotsche Center, and are members of the Horizon League. They finished the season 20–14, 11–7 in Horizon League play to finish in a three-way tie for third place. They lost in the quarterfinals of the Horizon League Basketball tournament to Butler. They were invited to the 2012 College Basketball Invitational where they lost in the first round to TCU.

2012 Horizon League men's basketball tournament
The 2012 Horizon League Men's Basketball Tournament began on February 28 and ended on March 6. The Horizon League Network broadcast the first and second rounds. The semifinals were televised by ESPNU, with the championship game on ESPN. The Detroit Titans won the tournament and an automatic bid to the 2012 NCAA tournament.

Each first-round game was played on the home court of the higher-seeded team. The second round and semifinals were held at the Athletics-Recreation Center in Valparaiso, Indiana, home to the #1 overall seed Valparaiso. Since Valparaiso advanced to the championship game, the Crusaders also hosted the final.
AutoPro Plaque
The AutoPro Plaque was awarded annually to the player with the best plus/minus total in the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League. The award was initiated in 1989–90, then known as the Transamerica Plaque, and discontinued in 2001–02.

Plus–minus (sports)
Plus−minus (+/−, ±, plus/minus) is a sports statistic used to measure a player's impact, represented by the difference between their team's total scoring versus their opponent's when the player is in the game.
Nikola Filchev
Nikola Filchev Borisov (Bulgarian: Никола Филчев Борисов; born 25 July 1948) is a Bulgarian jurist who served as the chief prosecutor of Bulgaria from 1999 to 2006.
Between 2006 and 2008, he was the Bulgarian ambassador to Kazakhstan.  In 1986, Filchev earned a doctorate in law.

Sofia University
Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski" (Bulgarian: Софийски университет „Св. Климент Охридски“) is a public research university in Sofia, Bulgaria. It is the oldest institution of higher education in Bulgaria.

Founded on 1 October 1888, the edifice of the university was constructed between 1924 and 1934 with the financial support of the brothers Evlogi Georgiev and Hristo Georgiev (whose sculptures are now featured on its façade) and has an area of 18,624 m2 and a total of 324 premises. The university has 16 faculties and three departments, where over 21,000 students receive their education. The current rector is Georgi Valchev.
AWF Hardcore Championship
The AWF Hardcore Championship is a professional wrestling championship currently inactive in the South African professional wrestling promotion Africa Wrestling Alliance, contested under hardcore rules. It was created on 11 December 2004 on the AWA's final two-hour live television special, AWF on E Slam Series Final, when Skull defeated Jacques Rogue. The title was retired in early 2005 when AWA failed to secure another year of television with e.tv and returned to its roots as a regionally based promotion.

Africa Wrestling Alliance
Africa Wrestling Alliance (AWA), formerly known as Africa Wrestling Federation, is a South African professional wrestling promotion founded in 1995. The regionally based company is owned by Shaun Koen and Koos Rossouw. It is a traditionally styled promotion influenced by the international wrestling market, such as European and American mainstream wrestling. The style encompassed by the promotion's wrestlers is referred to as Rofstoei (an Afrikaans term).