hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fu Zhenghua
Fu Zhenghua (Chinese: 傅政华; born March 1955) is a former Chinese politician and public security officer. He was convicted of taking bribes and bending the law for personal gain in September 2022, and was sentenced to life imprisonment.

Previously, Fu served as deputy director of the Committee for Social and Legal Affairs of the CPPCC National Committee from 2020 to 2021, 11th Minister of Justice of China from 2018 to 2020, deputy party secretary and executive deputy minister of public security from 2015 to 2018, deputy minister of public security from 2013 to 2015, and director of Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau from 2010 to 2013. From 2015 to 2018, Fu served concurrently as the head of the 610 Office.

National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
The National Committee of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference is the national-level organization that represents the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC), the political advisory body in the People's Republic of China.

The CPPCC National Committee is composed of a chairman, several vice chairpersons, a secretary-general and regular members. The National Committee of the CPPCC typically holds a yearly meeting at the same time as plenary sessions of the National People's Congress (NPC). The CPPCC National Committee and NPC plenary sessions are collectively called the Two Sessions. When the CPPCC National Committee is not in session, the Standing Committee of the National Committee exercises most of its powers on its behalf.
Nisdi Rural Municipality
Nisdi Rural Municipality (Nepali :निस्दी गाउँपालिका) is a Gaunpalika in Palpa District in Lumbini Province of Nepal. On 12 March 2017, the government of Nepal implemented a new local administrative structure, with the implementation of the new local administrative structure, VDCs have been replaced with municipal and Village Councils. Nisdi is one of these 753 local units.

Rural municipality (Nepal)
A gaunpalika (Nepali: गाउँपालिका, romanized: Gāum̐pālikā, lit. 'rural municipality' Nepali pronunciation: [ɡãũ̯palika]) is an administrative division in Nepal. The Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development dissolved the existing village development committees and announced the establishment of this new local body. It is a sub-unit of a district. There are currently 481 rural municipalities.
Truro Rural District
50°14′42″N 4°55′55″W﻿ / ﻿50.245°N 4.932°W﻿ / 50.245; -4.932

Truro Rural District was a local government division of Cornwall in England, UK, between 1894 and 1974. Established under the Local Government Act 1894 in 1934, the rural district was enlarged by the abolition of East Kerrier Rural District, Redruth Rural District and St Columb Major Rural District, but was reduced to enlarge Truro Municipal Borough.

In 1974, the district was abolished under the Local Government Act 1972, forming part of the new Carrick district.

Truro
Truro (/ˈtrʊəroʊ/ ⓘ; Cornish: Truru) is a cathedral city and civil parish in Cornwall, England. It is the southernmost city in the United Kingdom, and lies 232 miles (373 km) west-south-west of London. It is Cornwall's county town, only city, and a centre for administration, leisure and shopping. At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 21,046 and the population of the built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics (which included the Gloweth and Treliske areas in the neighbouring parish of Kenwyn) was 23,060.

Truro grew as a trade centre through its port and as a stannary town for tin mining. It was awarded city status in 1877 following the creation of the Diocese of Truro the previous year. Truro Cathedral was built between 1880 and 1910. Truro is home to Cornwall Council, the Royal Cornwall Museum, the Hall for Cornwall and Cornwall's Courts of Justice. People from Truro are called Truronians.
Defocus aberration
In optics, defocus is the aberration in which an image is simply out of focus. This aberration is familiar to anyone who has used a camera, videocamera, microscope, telescope, or binoculars. Optically, defocus refers to a translation of the focus along the optical axis away from the detection surface. In general, defocus reduces the sharpness and contrast of the image. What should be sharp, high-contrast edges in a scene become gradual transitions. Fine detail in the scene is blurred or even becomes invisible. Nearly all image-forming optical devices incorporate some form of focus adjustment to minimize defocus and maximize image quality.

Contrast (vision)
Contrast is the difference in luminance or color that makes an object (or its representation in an image or display) distinguishable from a background. Human vision is more sensitive to relative differences than to absolute luminance, so perceived appearance can remain fairly stable despite large changes in illumination.

The maximum contrast of an image is termed the contrast ratio or dynamic range. In images where the contrast ratio approaches the maximum possible for the medium, there is a conservation of contrast. In such cases, increasing contrast in certain parts of the image will necessarily result in a decrease in contrast elsewhere. Brightening an image increases contrast in darker areas but decreases it in brighter areas; conversely, darkening the image will have the opposite effect. Bleach bypass reduces contrast in the darkest and brightest parts of an image while enhancing luminance contrast in areas of intermediate brightness.
Shurahbil ibn Amr
Shurahbil ibn Amr (Arabic: شرحبيل بن عمرو الغساني) was a Ghassanid governor of the vassal Ghassanid confederation  under the Byzantine Empire in southern Syria region during the 7th century.

When Muhammad wished to spread the message of Islam, one of his letters was addressed to Shurahbil bin Amr. It was carried by an envoy, Harith bin Umayr, who was killed in A.D. 629 at a place called Tafilah, a village within the Roman province of Palaestina Salutaris, In the Mu'tah region in the western part of modern day Jordan. In response, an army of 3000 was forthwith mustered at the command of Zaid bin Harith to avenge the death of the envoy. This led to the Battle of Mu'tah, a small skirmish in which the Muslim forces were defeated and forced to withdraw due to the far superior numbers of the Byzantine Roman forces.

Tafilah
Tafilah (Arabic: الطفيلة, romanized: 'aṭ-Ṭafīlah, [atˤ.tˤa.fiː.la]), also spelled Tafila, is a city with a population of 27,559 people in southwestern Jordan, located 183 kilometers (114 mi) southwest of Amman. It is the capital of Tafilah Governorate. It is well known for having green gardens which contain olive and fig trees, and grape-vines. Tafilah was first built by the Edomites and was called Tophel.

There are more than 360 natural springs in the Tafilah nahia, including the natural reservoir of Dana and hot natural springs at Afra and Burbeita. There are two phosphate and limestones mines in the Tafilah nahia, which are one of the country's main income sources.
We Come as Friends
We Come as Friends is a 2014 Austrian-French documentary film written, directed and produced by Hubert Sauper. The film premiered in-competition in the World Cinema Documentary Competition at 2014 Sundance Film Festival on January 18, 2014. It won the Special Jury Award for Cinematic Bravery at the festival.

The film also premiered in-competition at the 64th Berlin International Film Festival on February 8, 2014. It won the Peace Film Award at the festival.

The film later premiered at 43rd New Directors/New Films Festival on March 20, 2014. The film also premiered at 57th San Francisco International Film Festival on April 25, 2014 in competition for Golden Gate Documentary Feature.

64th Berlin International Film Festival
The 64th annual Berlin International Film Festival was held from 6 to 16 February 2014. Wes Anderson's film The Grand Budapest Hotel opened the festival.

British film director Ken Loach was presented with the Honorary Golden Bear. The Golden Bear was awarded to the Chinese film Black Coal, Thin Ice directed by Diao Yinan, which also served as closing film.
Waterfront Communications
Waterfront Communications A/S (or just Waterfront) is a Danish PR- and Lobbying Bureau, and was created in 1993 by the former member of the European Parliament Lars Poulsen. The bureau is a part of the worldwide media network Media Consulta. The company is located in Hellerup, north of Copenhagen.

Hellerup
Hellerup (Danish pronunciation: [ˈhelˀəʁɔp]) is a very affluent district of Gentofte Municipality in the suburbs of Copenhagen, Denmark. The most urban part of the district is centred on Strandvejen and is bordered by Østerbro to the south and the Øresund to the east. It comprises Tuborg Havn, the redeveloped brewery site of Tuborg Breweries, with the Waterfront Shopping Center, a marina and the headquarters of several large companies. Other parts of the district consist of single family detached homes. Local landmarks include the science centre Experimentarium and the art Øregaard Museum.
Canadian Affair
Canadian Affair is the UK's largest tour operator to Canada, providing services including scheduled passenger airlines, package holidays, cruise lines, hotels, motorhome hire and car hire. Since it was founded in 1995, Canadian Affair has flown over one million passengers to Canada.

The company specialises in package and tailor-made travel to both Canada and Alaska, including rail tours, cruises, fly drives, escorted tours, wildlife holidays, ski holidays and activity holidays. In 2017, Canadian Affair won the British Travel Awards Gold Award for Best Holiday Company to Canada (Large) as well as the Silver Award for Best Rail Holiday Company (Large).

The company is based in the UK, and employs approximately seventy people in two offices located in London (Head Office) and Glasgow.

Motorhome hire agency
A motorhome hire agency or campervan hire agency is a type of vacation rental company, which hires privately owned motorhomes or campervans to customers. The practice is common in the United Kingdom, where several agencies dominate the market, and has more recently gained popularity in the United States.
RR Auction
RR Auction is an auction house established in 1976 by Bob Eaton. The company headquarters is in Boston with a production office based in Amherst, New Hampshire. The company is known for its monthly auctions of historical documents, manuscripts, autographs, artifacts, sports collectibles, spaceflight memorabilia, presidential items and more. The auction house has developed a worldwide client base and publishes monthly catalogs in print and online via issuu.

Autograph
An autograph is a person's own handwriting or signature. The word autograph comes from Ancient Greek (αὐτός, autós, "self" and γράφω, gráphō, "write"), and can mean more specifically:

a manuscript written by the author of its content. In this meaning the term autograph can often be used interchangeably with holograph.

a celebrity's handwritten signature. Autograph collecting is the activity of collecting such autographs.
Bombay Poets
Bombay Poets (or, Bombay School of Poets) was one of the founding school of poets of Indian English literature of the post-independence era, consisting of both prose and verse. It was located in the geographical located in Bombay (now, Mumbai). Several members of the same are credited with redefining Indian English poetry as well as the perception of Indian poets abroad. The school began in the 1960s with prominent names like Nissim Ezekiel, R. Parthasarathy, Dom Moraes, Adil Jussawalla and many more gathering at Kala Ghoda where they would all sit and discuss about literature, present their own works & critically analyse others work. Due to their international acclaim, they have also performed their works at cultural capitals like Soho (in London), New York, and many more of such places. Their selected works have also been achieved at the Cornell University Library.

Their works remain largely influential till date in India, and have inspired many generations of authors & poets.

Cornell University Library
The Cornell University Library is the library system of Cornell University. As of 2014, it holds over eight million printed volumes and over a million ebooks. More than 90 percent of its current 120,000 periodical titles are available online. It has 8.5 million microfilms and microfiches, more than 71,000 cubic feet (2,000 m3) of manuscripts, and close to 500,000 other materials, including motion pictures, DVDs, sound recordings, and computer files, extensive digital resources, and the University Archives.  It is the 16th-largest library in North America, ranked by number of volumes held, and the 13th-largest research library in the U.S. by both titles and volumes held.
Beskydy Mountain Academy
Gymnázium Beskydy Mountain Academy is a private gymnasium in the Czech Republic. Located in the town of Frýdlant nad Ostravicí, it draws students from Frýdlant and neighboring towns such as Frýdek-Místek, Frenštát pod Radhoštěm, Ostravice, Metylovice, Hukvaldy and Čeladná, from the large cities of Ostrava and Havířov, and from more distant towns such as the border town of Třinec. It was founded in 2003.

Frýdek-Místek
Frýdek-Místek (Czech pronunciation: [ˈfriːdɛk ˈmiːstɛk], Polish: Frydek-Mistek; German: Friede(c)k-Mistek) is a city in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 54,000 inhabitants. It is located in the Moravian-Silesian Foothills, at the confluence of the Ostravice and Morávka rivers.

Frýdek-Místek is an administratively united pair of towns. Frýdek is located in the historical region of Czech Silesia, while Místek is in Moravia, and they are divided by the Ostravice River. They were two separate towns until the merger in 1943.

The historic centres of both Frýdek and Místek are well preserved and are protected as two urban monument zones. The most important historical landmark is a pilgrimage site with the Basilica of the Visitation of Our Lady, which is protected as a national cultural monument.
2005 Tennis Channel Open – Doubles
Rick Leach and Brian MacPhie were the defending champions, but lost in the first round this year.

Bob Bryan and Mike Bryan won the title, defeating Wayne Arthurs and Paul Hanley 7–5, 6–4 in the final.

Bob Bryan
Robert Charles Bryan (born April 29, 1978) is an American former professional tennis player. Widely regarded as one of the greatest doubles tennis players of all time, Bryan was ranked as the world No. 1 in men's doubles for 438 weeks (second-most of all time), and finished as the year-end No. 1 eight times. Bryan won 126 ATP Tour-level doubles titles, including 23 majors: 16 in men's doubles and seven in mixed doubles. Alongside his twin brother Mike, the Bryan brothers were one of the most successful doubles partnerships in tennis history. The pair were named the ATP Team of the Decade for the 2000s. They became the second men's doubles team to complete the career Golden Slam at the 2012 London Olympics.

The Bryan brothers retired from the sport together in August 2020. In 2025, they were inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame.
2-tert-Butylphenol
2-tert-Butyl phenol is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)3CC6H4OH.  It is one of three isomeric tert-butyl phenols.  It is a colorless oil that dissolves in basic water. It can be prepared by acid-catalyzed alkylation of phenol with isobutene.

Phenol
Phenol (also known as carbolic acid, phenolic acid, or benzenol) is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C6H5OH. It is a white crystalline solid that is volatile and can catch fire.

The molecule consists of a phenyl group (−C6H5) bonded to a hydroxy group (−OH). Mildly acidic, it requires careful handling because it can cause chemical burns. It is acutely toxic and is considered a health hazard.

Phenol was first extracted from coal tar, but today is produced on a large scale (about 7 million tonnes a year) from petroleum-derived feedstocks. It is an important industrial commodity as a precursor to many materials and useful compounds, and is a liquid when manufactured. It is primarily used to synthesize plastics and related materials. Phenol and its chemical derivatives are essential for production of polycarbonates, epoxies, explosives such as picric acid, Bakelite, nylon, detergents, herbicides such as phenoxy herbicides, and numerous pharmaceutical drugs.
Rickert (surname)
Rickert is a surname of German origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Heinrich Rickert (1863–1936), German philosopher

Heinrich Edwin Rickert (1833–1902), German journalist and liberal politician

Ludwig Rickert (1897–1963), mayor of Bonn

M. Rickert (born 1959), American writer

Rick Rickert (born 1983), American-born basketball player

Shirley Jean Rickert (1926–2009), American child actress

Rick Rickert
Rick Rickert (born February 11, 1983) is an American former professional basketball player. He is a 2001 graduate of Duluth East High School where he was a basketball star and highly recruited college prospect. He was named 2001 Minnesota Mr. Basketball.
Alina Cho
Alina Cho is an American journalist. She was formerly a television correspondent and host of CNN's Fashion: Backstage Pass, and is an Editor at Large at Ballantine Bantam Dell, a division of Penguin Random House. Cho is responsible for developing and co-editing books in the lifestyle and fashion genre. Cho is also the host of a lecture series at The Metropolitan Museum of Art called "The Atelier with Alina Cho".

Cho held various posts at ABC and CNBC.  She earned an M.S. from Northwestern University's Medill School of Journalism and a B.A. from Boston College. She lives in Manhattan and Southampton, New York.

Cho was born and raised in Vancouver, Washington.

Vancouver, Washington
Vancouver (/væn.ˈkuː.vər/ ⓘ van-KOO-vər) is a city in Clark County, Washington, United States, located on the north bank of the Columbia River. It had a population of 190,915 at the 2020 census, making it the fourth-most populous city in Washington. Founded in 1825 and incorporated in 1857, the city was originally established around Fort Vancouver, a fur trading outpost, and is situated directly north of Portland, Oregon, along the Washington–Oregon state line. Vancouver serves as the county seat of Clark County and is part of the Portland metropolitan area.
Middle East Internet Exchange
The Middle East Internet Exchange is a subsidiary of GPX Global Systems. The company was incorporated in August 2002 to develop and operate state-of-the-art, private, carrier neutral data centers in emerging commercial markets along the undersea cable systems of FLAG, SEA-ME-WE 3, and SEA-ME-WE 4.

Fibre-optic Link Around the Globe
Fibre-optic Link Around the Globe (FLAG) is a 28,000-kilometre-long (17,398 mi; 15,119 nmi) fibre optic mostly-submarine communications cable that connects the United Kingdom, Japan, India, and many places in between. The cable is operated by Global Cloud Xchange, a subsidiary of RCOM. The system runs from the eastern coast of North America to Japan. Its Europe–Asia segment was the fourth longest cable in the world in 2008.

The Europe–Asia segment was laid by Cable & Wireless Marine in the mid-1990s, and was the subject of an article in Wired magazine in December 1996 by Neal Stephenson.
Aldose 1-dehydrogenase
In enzymology, an aldose 1-dehydrogenase (EC 1.1.1.121) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

D-aldose + NAD+  D-aldonolactone + NADH + H+

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are D-aldose and NAD+, whereas its 3 products are D-aldonolactone, NADH, and H+.

This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-OH group of donor with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is D-aldose:NAD+ 1-oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include aldose dehydrogenase, and dehydrogenase, D-aldohexose.

Hydrogen ion
A hydrogen ion is an ion created when a hydrogen atom loses or gains an electron. A positively charged hydrogen ion (or proton) can readily combine with other particles and therefore is only seen isolated when it is in a gaseous state or a nearly particle-free space. Due to its extremely high charge density of approximately 2×1010 times that of a sodium ion, the bare hydrogen ion cannot exist freely in solution as it readily hydrates, i.e., bonds quickly. The hydrogen ion is recommended by IUPAC as a general term for all ions of hydrogen and its isotopes. 
Depending on the charge of the ion, two different classes can be distinguished: positively charged ions (hydrons) and negatively charged (hydride) ions.
Mount Aeneas
Mount Aeneas is a summit in the U.S. state of Montana. The elevation is 7,510 feet (2,290 m). It is situated 23 miles east of Kalispell in the Jewel Basin area of Flathead National Forest.

Mount Aeneas was named after a Flathead chieftain.

Bitterroot Salish
The Bitterroot Salish peoples (or Flathead, Salish, Séliš) are a Salish-speaking group of Native Americans, and one of three tribes of the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Tribes of the Flathead Nation in Montana. The Flathead Reservation is also home to the Kootenai and Pend d'Oreilles tribes. Bitterroot Salish Peoples or Flathead originally lived in an area west of Billings, Montana extending to the continental divide in the west and south of Great Falls, Montana extending to the Montana–Wyoming border. From there they later moved west into the Bitterroot Valley. By request, a Catholic mission was built there in 1841. In 1891 they were forcibly moved to the Flathead Reservation.
Mount Jacobsen
Mount Jacobsen, 3,031 m (9,944 ft), is a mountain in the northernmost Pacific Ranges of the Coast Mountains in the Central Coast region of British Columbia, Canada, located to the south of the Bella Coola Valley and immediately south of Ape Lake, to the west of the valley of the Talchako River.

The Noeick River begins at the Noeick Glacier on the northwest side of the peak at 52°06′00″N 126°16′00″W﻿ / ﻿52.10000°N 126.26667°W﻿ / 52.10000; -126.26667.  In the same massif and immediately west of the peak of Mount Jacobsen is West Jacobsen Peak, 2971 m (9747 feet) at 52°03′25″N 126°12′09″W﻿ / ﻿52.05694°N 126.20250°W﻿ / 52.05694; -126.20250. Ape Glacier, named in association with Ape Lake and Ape Mountain, is on the north side of the Jacobsen massif. at 52°05′00″N 126°12′00″W﻿ / ﻿52.08333°N 126.20000°W﻿ / 52.08333; -126.20000.

Bella Coola Valley
The Bella Coola Valley is a relatively small but distinct region located in the Central Coast region of British Columbia, Canada, comprising the valley of the Bella Coola River and its tributaries.  The region is served by BC Hwy 20, which runs from Williams Lake to the town of Bella Coola at the head of North Bentinck Arm, from where there is seasonal ferry service to Vancouver Island and Prince Rupert.

The entire valley, and the regions surrounding North and South Bentinck Arm and Dean and Burke Channels, are the historical territory of the Nuxalk Nation, who claim sovereignty over it as unsurrendered to the Crown.

The Bella Coola River, and so by default the Bella Coola Valley, forms the boundary between the Kitimat Ranges to the north and the Pacific Ranges to the south, which are two of the three major subdivisions of the Coast Mountains, the other being the Boundary Ranges along the border with Alaska.