hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Colonial Survey
Colonial Survey is a 1957 fix-up novel combining four science fiction novelettes by American writer Murray Leinster.  It was first published by Gnome Press in 1957 in an edition of 5,000 copies.  The collection was reprinted by Avon Books in 1957 under the title The Planet Explorer.  The novelettes all originally appeared in the magazine Astounding.

Avon (publisher)
Avon Publications is a publisher of romance fiction. At Avon's initial stages, it was an American paperback book and comic book publisher. The shift in content occurred in the early 1970s with multiple Avon romance titles reaching and maintaining spots in bestseller lists, demonstrating the market and potential profits in romance publication. As of 2010, Avon is an imprint of HarperCollins.
High-yield investment program
A high-yield investment program (HYIP) is a type of Ponzi scheme, an investment scam that promises unsustainably high return on investment by paying previous investors with the money invested by new investors.

Return on investment
Return on investment (ROI) or return on costs (ROC) is the ratio between net income or profit to investment (costs resulting from an investment of some resources). A high ROI means the investment's gains compare favorably to its cost. As a performance measure, ROI is used to evaluate the efficiency of an investment or to compare the efficiencies of several different investments. In economic terms, it is one way of relating profits to capital invested.
SOBR (Belarus)
The Special Rapid Response Unit (Belarusian: Спецыяльны атрад хуткага рэагавання, romanized: Spiecyjalny atrad chutkaha reahavannia; Russian: Специальный отряд быстрого реагирования, romanized: Spetsialnyy otryad bystrogo reagirovaniya), abbreviated SOBR or SAChR, is a special police unit within the Belarusian Ministry of Internal Affairs. Its current leader is Aliaksandr Bykaŭ.

Belarusian opposition
The Belarusian opposition consists of groups and individuals in Belarus seeking to challenge, from 1988 to 1991, the authorities of Soviet Belarus, and since 1995, the leader of the country Alexander Lukashenko, whom supporters of the movement often consider to be a dictator. Supporters of the movement tend to call for a parliamentary democracy based on a Western model, with freedom of speech and political and religious pluralism. The opposition movement vary in political ideology, ranging from liberals, socialists, anarchists, and Polish minority activists to Belarusian nationalists.
Beatová síň slávy
Beatová síň slávy (Czech for Beat Hall of Fame or simply BSS) is a listing of people who have significantly contributed to Czech (or Czechoslovak) rock music. Nominations are made in three categories: musician, dead musician, and band. Each year's selections are voted on by listeners of Radio Beat station.

Radio Beat
Radio Beat is a Czech radio station, broadcasting from Prague. It plays classic rock. There is thematic program every weekend. There is a program after 7:00 pm Every day. Radio Beat started broadcasting on 1 January 2002.
Thomas Halliday (writer)
Thomas John Dixon Halliday is a British palaeobiologist and author.

Halliday earned a degree in natural sciences (zoology) from Pembroke College, Cambridge, followed by a master's in palaeobiology from the University of Bristol, and a PhD in palaeobiology from University College London.

Halliday was awarded the Linnean Society's John C Marsden Medal for the best doctorate in biological studies.

In 2022, Halliday published Otherlands: A World In The Making about the history of life on Earth. In 2022, it was shortlisted for the James Cropper Wainwright Prize for Nature Writing, and longlisted for the Baillie Gifford Prize for Non-Fiction.

The Sunday Times noted its "Sixteen superbly vivid snapshots of our prehistoric world". New Scientist called it a "A fascinating journey through Earth's history".

Halliday is an international croquet player, first selected to represent Scotland in the Golf Croquet World Team Championships (Tier 2) in 2021.

Croquet
Croquet (UK: /ˈkroʊkeɪ, -ki/ or US: /kroʊˈkeɪ/) is a sport which involves hitting wooden, plastic, or composite balls with a mallet through hoops (often called "wickets" in the United States) embedded in a grass playing court.

The sport was codified in England in the 1860s and then spread overseas. However, similar games have been recorded back to the late Middle Ages. Today, there are several variations of the game.

At its highest level, the game is played internationally with top players coming from Australia, England, Spain, Egypt, South Africa and the United States amongst other countries.

The sport can be played equally well by men and women. In 2018, two international championships open to both sexes were won by women.
6th Golden Raspberry Awards
The 6th Golden Raspberry Awards were held on March 23, 1986, at the Morgan-Wixon Theatre in Santa Monica, California, to recognize the worst the movie industry had to offer in 1985. Though Rambo: First Blood Part II won Worst Picture, Rocky IV (also starring Sylvester Stallone) received the greatest number of nominations (9) and "wins" (5). This is the only year in which one movie won worst picture and another movie had the most nominations and wins.

Godzilla, nominated for Worst New Star (as "The New Computerized Godzilla") was the first fictional character to be nominated without mentioning or referencing the actor who plays him.

Film industry
The film industry or motion picture industry comprises the technological and commercial institutions of filmmaking, i.e., film production companies, film studios, cinematography, animation, film production, screenwriting, pre-production, post-production, film festivals, distribution, and actors. Though the expense involved in making film almost immediately led film production to concentrate under the auspices of standing production companies, advances in affordable filmmaking equipment, as well as an expansion of opportunities to acquire investment capital from outside the film industry itself, have allowed independent film production to evolve.

In 2019, the global box office was worth $42.2 billion. When including box office and home entertainment revenue, the global film industry was worth $136 billion in 2018. Hollywood is the world's oldest national film industry, and largest in terms of box-office gross revenue.
URI fragment
In computer hypertext, a URI fragment is a string of characters that refers to a resource that is subordinate to another, primary resource. The primary resource is identified by a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI), and the fragment identifier points to the subordinate resource.

The fragment identifier introduced by a hash mark # is the optional last part of a URL for a document. It is typically used to identify a portion of that document. The generic syntax is specified in RFC 3986. The hash mark separator in URIs is not part of the fragment identifier.

Character (computing)
In computing and telecommunications, a character is the encoded representation of a natural language character (including letter, numeral and punctuation), whitespace (space or tab), or a control character (controls computer hardware that consumes character-based data). A sequence of characters is called a string.

Some character encoding systems represent each character using a fixed number of bits whereas other systems use varying sizes. Various fixed-length sizes were used for now obsolete systems such as the six-bit character code, the five-bit Baudot code and even 4-bit systems (with only 16 possible values). The more modern ASCII system uses the 8-bit byte for each character. Today, the Unicode-based UTF-8 encoding uses a varying number of byte-sized code units to define a code point which combine to encode a character.
Transport in Vietnam
Transportation in Vietnam is improving rapidly in terms of both quantity and quality. Road traffic is growing rapidly but the major roads are dangerous and slow to travel on due to outdated design and an inappropriate traffic mix. In recent years, the construction of expressways has accelerated. Air travel is also important for long-distance travel. The two major metropolises of Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City operate metro networks which are currently being expanded. Like most of the other ASEAN member states, Vietnam has historically under invested in public transit.

Vietnam Railways
Vietnam Railways (VNR; Vietnamese: Tổng công ty Đường sắt Việt Nam, lit. 'Vietnam Railways Corporation') is the state-owned operator of the railway system in Vietnam. The principal route is the 1,727 km (1,100 mi) single-track North–South Railway line, running between Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City. This was built at the metre gauge in the 1880s during the French colonial rule. There are also standard gauge lines running from Hanoi to the People’s Republic of China, eventually leading to Beijing, and some mixed gauge in and around Hanoi.
Hato Press
Hato Press is a publishing house based in London of the United Kingdom. It has published books by Jean Jullien and others, as well as zines by the founders of Studio Moniker. In addition to publishing zines and books, it also hosts other programming like risograph workshops and runs the design studios Hato Studio and Hato Labo.

Risograph
Risograph is a brand of digital duplicators manufactured by the Riso Kagaku Corporation. Released in Japan in 1980, it is designed mainly for high-volume photocopying and printing. It is sometimes called a printer-duplicator as newer models can be used as a network printer as well as a stand-alone duplicator. When printing or copying many duplicates (generally more than 100) of the same content, it is typically far less expensive per page than a conventional photocopier, laser printer, or inkjet printer.
KLTG
KLTG (96.5 FM, "The Beach 96.5") is a commercial radio station licensed to Corpus Christi, Texas, United States, broadcasting a hot adult contemporary format. it is owned by Starlite Broadcasting with studios on Gordon Street in the Six Points district south of downtown Corpus Christi.

The transmitter is on Texas State Highway 188 in Taft.

Texas State Highway 188
State Highway 188 (SH 188) is a state highway in the Coastal Bend region of Texas. It runs 41.327 miles (66.509 km) from Mathis east to Aransas Bay between Rockport and Port Aransas. SH 188 was established in its current form in 1992, after a previous incarnation existed from 1932 to 1942.
Hollywood.com
Hollywood.com is an entertainment news website covering popular culture topics including movies, television, music and celebrities. Hollywood.com is principally owned by Mitchell Rubenstein and Laurie S. Silvers, who previously founded Sci-Fi Channel (now SyFy).

Entertainment journalism
Entertainment journalism is any form of journalism that focuses on popular culture and the entertainment business and its products. Like fashion journalism, entertainment journalism covers industry-specific news while targeting general audiences beyond those working in the industry itself. Common forms include lifestyle, television and film, theater, music, video game, and celebrity coverage.
Pacogate
Pacogate is corruption scandal involving Carabineros de Chile, Chile's main police force. The scandal revolves around a scheme for misappropriation of public funds. Pacogate begun to be investigated in 2016 while the actions investigated occurred between 2006 and 2017.

Misappropriation
In law, misappropriation is the unauthorized use of another's name, likeness, identity, property, discoveries, inventions, etc. without that person's permission, resulting in harm to that person.

Another use of the word refers to intentional and illegal use of property or funds; it can particularly refer to actions committed by a public official.

Article 17 of the United Nations Convention against Corruption specifies that each State party should criminalize misappropriation, embezzlement, or other diversion of priority by public officials.
Narcissistic Cannibal
"Narcissistic Cannibal" is a song by American nu metal band Korn, released as the second single from their tenth studio album, The Path of Totality. It was co-produced by DJs Skrillex and Kill the Noise. The single was released to active rock and mainstream rock radio stations on October 18, 2011, followed by a digital release on October 24, 2011. It was released to alternative radio stations on November 8, 2011.

The song was made available for free download as a WAV file on Korn's official website from October 13 until October 16.

WAV
Waveform Audio File Format (WAVE, or WAV due to its filename extension; pronounced /wæv/ or /weɪv/ ) is an audio file format standard for storing an audio bitstream on personal computers. The format was developed and published for the first time in 1991 by IBM and Microsoft. It is the main format used on Microsoft Windows systems for uncompressed audio. The usual bitstream encoding is the linear pulse-code modulation (LPCM) format.

WAV is an application of the Resource Interchange File Format (RIFF) bitstream format method for storing data in chunks, and thus is similar to the 8SVX and the Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) format used on Amiga and Macintosh computers, respectively.
The Werewolf of Woodstock
The Werewolf of Woodstock is a 1975 television film directed by John Moffitt and starring Michael Parks, Harold J. Stone, Meredith MacRae, Belinda Balaski, and Danny Michael Mann. It was filmed on videotape and produced for ABC's The Wide World of Mystery by Dick Clark's production company  with make-up effects by Joe Blasco.

Richard Webb (actor)
John Richard Webb (September 9, 1915 – June 10, 1993) was an American film, television and radio actor. He appeared in more than fifty films, including many westerns and films noir including Out of the Past (1947), Night Has a Thousand Eyes (1948), I Was a Communist for the FBI (1951) and Carson City (1952). In modern audiences, he may be best remembered as the star of the 1950s television series, Captain Midnight (Jet Jackson, Flying Commando in syndication), based on a long-running radio program of the same name and Border Patrol.
Former Residence of Huang Xing
The Former Residence of Huang Xing or Huang Xing's Former Residence (simplified Chinese: 黄兴故居; traditional Chinese: 黃興故居; pinyin: Huáng Xīng Gùjū) is where Huang Xing was born and lived from 1874 to 1893. It is located in Huangxing Town of Changsha County, Hunan. Covering an area of 4,300-square-metre (46,000 sq ft), it has a total of 12 rooms, including Milling Room, Rice Milling Room, Grain Storehouse, Rice Storehouse, Kitchen, Reception Room, Bed Room, etc.

Huangxing, Changsha
Huangxing Town (simplified Chinese: 黄兴镇; traditional Chinese: 黃興鎮; pinyin: Huángxīng Zhèn) is a town in Changsha County, Hunan province, China. It contains two communities and 11 villages. Ganshan township merged with Huangxing on November 19, 2015.
WOSQ
WOSQ (92.3 FM) is a radio station broadcasting a sports format. Licensed to Spencer, Wisconsin, United States, the station is currently owned by Kevin Grap, through licensee Central Wisconsin Broadcasting, Inc., and features programming from Westwood One, ABC News Radio, Learfield, and ESPN Radio, and various local programs.

Spencer, Wisconsin
Spencer is a village in Marathon County, Wisconsin. It is part of the Wausau, Wisconsin Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 1,818 at the 2020 census.

The village, which lies between two marshes (Spencer Marsh to the northwest and McMillan Marsh to the southeast) was founded in 1874 at a branch on the Wisconsin Central Railway. Today it sits at the crossroads of Wisconsin Highway 13 (WIS 13) and WIS 98 and serves as the terminus of several Marathon County Trunk Highways. Spencer lies about 8 miles (13 km) northwest of Marshfield, along WIS 13.
USS Conestoga
Three ships of the United States Navy have been named Conestoga after the Conestoga wagon, a broad wheeled, covered, wagon first built in Conestoga, Pennsylvania.

USS Conestoga (1861), a side-wheeled steamer, was purchased in June 1861. She served on the Mississippi River and its tributaries during the American Civil War. On the night of 8 March 1864 Conestoga collided with USS General Price and sank immediately.

USS Conestoga was the planned name for the monitor USS Sangamon (1862) and the name was changed while the ship was still on the stocks. She served in the American Civil War and later served in the Spanish–American War as Jason.

USS Conestoga (AT-54), commissioned 10 November 1917, was lost at sea under unknown circumstances in 1921.  The fate of the vessel was a mystery until the wreck was identified in 2016.

USS Sangamon (1862)
USS Sangamon was a Passaic-class ironclad monitor constructed for the Union Navy during the second year of the American Civil War where she operated in the waterways of the Confederate States of America. She was later recommissioned and placed into service during the Spanish–American War.
Adam Bravin
Adam Michael Bravin, also known as DJ Adam 12, is an American musician, visual artist and producer  who is one half of the darkwave duo She Wants Revenge. He was a member of the Brimstone Sluggers from 1995–1996, who later became known as Crazy Town. Bravin has his own solo project, Love Ecstasy Terror and works as a producer and film composer. He has also been the personal DJ for former President Barack Obama.

Dark wave
Dark wave (also known as darkwave) is a music genre that emerged from the new wave and post-punk movement of the late 1970s. Dark wave compositions are largely based on minor key tonality and introspective lyrics and have been perceived as being dark, romantic and bleak, with an undertone of sorrow. Common features include the use of chordophones such as electric and acoustic guitar, violin and piano, as well as electronic instruments such as synthesizer, sampler and drum machine. Like new wave, dark wave is not a "unified genre but rather an umbrella term" that encompasses a variety of musical styles, including cold wave, ethereal wave, gothic rock, neoclassical dark wave and neofolk.

In the 1980s, a subculture developed primarily in Europe alongside dark wave music, whose followers were called "wavers" or "dark wavers". In some countries, most notably Germany, the movement also included fans of gothic rock (so-called "trad-goths").
Transaction Processing Management System
Transaction Processing Management System (TPMS) is an online transaction processing superstructure software from ICL (now Fujitsu Services) that runs on their VME mainframe computers. The first versions were released in the mid-1970s and were sold worldwide.

Online transaction processing
Online transaction processing (OLTP) is a type of database system used in transaction-oriented applications, such as many operational systems. "Online" refers to the fact that such systems are expected to respond to user requests and process them in real-time (process transactions). The term is contrasted with online analytical processing (OLAP) which instead focuses on data analysis (for example planning and management systems).
2023 Copa Catalunya Femenina
The 2023 edition of the Copa Catalunya Femenina was played between June and September 2023, as part of the 2023–24 season of Spanish women's football. It was organised by the Catalan Football Federation, and was the second (and currently last) time it was run as an exclusively amateur competition. SE AEM won the title for the first time, with their B team, having made it to the semi-finals in both 2018 and 2019.

Copa Catalunya Femenina
The Copa Catalunya Femenina is a knockout competition organised by the Catalan Football Federation (FCF) for women's football clubs in the Catalonia autonomous community of Spain. Since its establishment in 2005 it has been dominated by FC Barcelona and RCD Espanyol, with eleven and five titles respectively: in its initial run of 15 consecutive years, all but one final was contested by both teams (in 2010, Espanyol and Barcelona met in the semifinals).

Previous iterations of the same tournament concept organised by the FCF were for the Copa Generalitat Femenina, also called the Copa Catalana Femenina, contested in the 20th century after formal incorporation of women's football.
Heybridge, Tasmania
Heybridge is a semi-rural locality in the local government areas (LGA) of Central Coast and Burnie in the North-west and west LGA region of the Australian island state of Tasmania. The locality is about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) south-east of the town of Burnie. The 2021 census recorded a population of 339 for the state suburb of Heybridge.
It is a village located where the Bass Highway crosses the Blythe River, and is bounded by the Blythe River National Park to the south and Bass Strait to the north.

Central Coast Council (Tasmania)
Central Coast Council is a local government body in Tasmania, situated in the north-west of the state between Burnie and Devonport. Central Coast is classified as an urban local government area and has a population of 22,760, Ulverstone and Penguin are the two primary towns of the region.
M Enayetur Rahim
M Enayetur Rahim (born 11 August 1960) is a retired justice on the Appellate Division of Bangladesh Supreme Court. Earlier, he was justice of the High Court Division, Bangladesh Supreme Court. He also served as the chairman of the International Crimes Tribunal 1. He is the president of the Bangladesh Judicial Service Commission.

Appellate Division, Supreme Court of Bangladesh
The Appellate Division, Supreme Court of Bangladesh is the highest appellate court in the country.  It serves as the final court of appeal for all civil and criminal cases, with appellate review authority over judgements of the High Court Division.

The Court is currently composed of 6 judges, led by Chief Justice Zubayer Rahman Chowdhury.
Henri-Paul Motte
Henri-Paul Motte (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃ʁi pɔl mɔt]; 13 December 1846 – 1 April 1922) was a French painter from Paris who specialised in historical subjects.

A pupil of French painter Jean-Léon Gérôme—whose works likewise included historical paintings as well as Greek mythology and Orientalism—Motte first exhibited his paintings at the Paris Salon of 1874, starting with the Le cheval de Troie (The Trojan horse), which was acquired by the Wadsworth Atheneum in 2011.

In 1892, Motte was made a Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur, the highest and most prestigious French national order of merit. He won a bronze medal at the Exposition Universelle of 1900, a world's fair in Paris. He is best known for his rendition of the 17th century Siege of La Rochelle, which depicts Cardinal Richelieu in battle, completed in 1881.

Siege of La Rochelle
The siege of La Rochelle (French: le siège de La Rochelle, or sometimes le grand siège de La Rochelle) was a result of a war between the French royal forces of King Louis XIII and the Huguenots of La Rochelle in 1627–1628. The siege marked the height of the struggle between the Catholics and the Protestants in France, and ended with a complete victory for Louis XIII and the Catholics.
David Roockley
David Roockley is a former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1980s. He played at representative level for Yorkshire, and at club level for Castleford, Scarborough Pirates and Doncaster as a fullback.

Doncaster R.L.F.C.
Doncaster Rugby League Football Club is a professional rugby league football club, based in Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England. They play home games at the Keepmoat Stadium and currently compete in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league.

Doncaster have never won any major honours. Their traditional home colours are blue and amber after Leeds donated their home shirts to them when they were founded. They have a rivalry with Sheffield Eagles.