hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Algeciras (1278)
The Battle of Algeciras was a naval battle which occurred on July 25, 1278.  The battle pitted the fleets of the Kingdom of Castile, commanded by the Admiral of Castile, Pedro Martínez de Fe, and the combined fleets of the Marinid dynasty and that of the Emirate of Granada, commanded by Abu Yaqub Yusuf an-Nasr. The battle was fought in the context of the Moorish naval expeditions to the Iberian Peninsula.  The battle, which took place in the Strait of Gibraltar, resulted in a Muslim victory.

This battle coincided with a simultaneous siege of the city of Algeciras which lasted from 1278–79 and was commanded by the Infante Sancho.  The Castilian prince would abandon the siege later in 1279, marking the end of the first action of the long battle for the Strait of Gibraltar.

Kingdom of Castile
The Kingdom of Castile (/kæˈstiːl/; Spanish: Reino de Castilla: Latin: Regnum Castellae) was a polity in the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages. It traces its origins to the 9th-century County of Castile (Spanish: Condado de Castilla, Latin: Comitatus Castellae), as an eastern frontier lordship of the Kingdom of León. During the 10th century, the Castilian counts increased their autonomy, but it was not until 1065 that it was separated from the Kingdom of León and became a kingdom in its own right. Between 1072 and 1157, it was again united with León, and after 1230, the union became permanent.

Throughout that period, the Castilian kings made extensive conquests in southern Iberia at the expense of the Islamic principalities. The Kingdoms of Castile and of León, with their southern acquisitions, came to be known collectively as the Crown of Castile, a term that also came to encompass overseas expansion.
Juan Vázquez García
Juan Antonio Vázquez García (born 1 January 1952 in Bo, Aller, Asturias) is a Spanish economist, who between 2000 and 2008 served as rector of the University of Oviedo, where he was a professor.

Vázquez has also served as president of the Conference of Rectors of Spanish Universities between 2003 and 2007, as vice-rector of the Menéndez Pelayo International University between 1995 and 1999 and dean of the Faculty of Economic and Business Sciences of the University of Oviedo between 1986 and 1994, as well as an adviser to multiple universities and the regional government of Asturias between 2012 and 2015.

In 2019 he became the candidate of the political party Citizens to the presidency of the Principality of Asturias. That same year he won a seat in the regional parliament, but he later resigned due to discrepancies with the national leadership of the party.

University of Oviedo
The University of Oviedo (Spanish: Universidad de Oviedo, Asturian: Universidá d'Uviéu) is a public university in Asturias (Spain). It is the only university in the region. It has three campus and research centres, located in Oviedo, Gijón and Mieres.
Varon
Varon or Varón is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adriana Salazar Varón (born 1963), Colombian chess master

Ben Varon (born 1983), Finnish guitarist

Elizabeth R. Varon (born 1963), American historian

Keith Varon, American musician

Lisa Marie Varon (born 1971), American professional wrestler, bodybuilder and fitness competitor

Melissa Varón (born 1987), Colombian model

Moshe Varon (1926–2007), Israeli footballer and manager

Sara Varon, American writer and illustrator

Yineth Varón (born 1982), Colombian footballer

Keith Varon
Keith Varon is an American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and music producer from San Francisco, living in Los Angeles. Keith is signed to Position Music, and has been commercially releasing music over the past 10 years as a solo act and as a founding member in the band The Federal Empire.

As a songwriter/producer, Keith has written and produced songs on albums by The Aces, Taela, Lauren Sanderson, Joji, The Strumbellas, Chloe Moriondo, and Nightly. In the electronic world, he has written/produced songs with Martin Garrix, Sam Feldt, Steve Aoki, and Max Styler.
Heath Ryan
Heath Ryan (born 2 July 1958) is an Australian equestrian who represented Australia at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing as part of the dressage team.

Born in Sydney, Ryan was Australia's three-day event champion three times, and won every International Grand Prix competition in Australia in 2007.

After videos appeared to show Ryan repeatedly striking a horse, Ryan was provisionally suspended from all competitions and events by Equestrian Australia, the national governing body for equestrian sports in that country, in June 2025.

Equestrian Australia
Equestrian Australia (EA) is the national governing body for equestrian sports in Australia. These sports include the FEI-recognized disciplines of dressage, eventing, show jumping, equestrian vaulting, endurance riding, reining, para-equestrian, and combined driving. EA also develops and enforces the rules for other events at horse shows.
One Churchill Place
One Churchill Place is a 156-metre-tall (512 ft), 32-storey skyscraper in Canary Wharf and is located in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets, serving as the headquarters of Barclays Bank. The building is the 13th-tallest office block in the United Kingdom and the sixth tallest building in the Docklands.

The building was formally opened in June 2005 by the Chairman of Barclays, Matthew Barrett, and merged Barclays offices across London into one building. The former corporate HQ was at 54 Lombard Street in the City of London.

Barclays occupies 100% of the building; floors 18–20 were previously leased to BGC Partners/Cantor Fitzgerald.  Several floors were previously occupied by the Olympic Delivery Teams prior to 2012, and a portion of level 17 was occupied by the Metropolitan Police.

BGC Group
BGC Group, Inc. (formerly BGC Partners) is an American global financial services company based in New York City and London. Originally formed as part of the larger Cantor Fitzgerald organization, BGC Partners became its own entity in 2004.
Ponnur
Ponnur is a major city/town in the Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.  A road to Chandole goes south-east and comes to Nidubrolu, where there is a temple with a stone-bearing inscription recording the erection of 90 temples in 1132 CE. An ancient Telugu manuscript entitled 'Ponnuru-Chandavolu Shasanam' was present in Potti Sreeramulu Telugu University. Dhulipalla Narendra Kumar of the Telugu Desam Party is the current MLA of the constituency, who won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election. It is a municipality, and the mandal headquarter of Ponnur mandal is under the Tenali revenue division.

Dhulipalla Narendra Kumar
Dhulipalla Narendra Kumar (born 14 December 1967) is an Indian politician from Telugu Desam party and member of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly representing Ponnur Assembly constituency from 1994 - 2019 and again in 2024. He is one of the few members of Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly, who won five times continuously and also one of the senior most leaders in the Telugu Desam Party serving as the coordinator for Eluru and Vijayawada parliament segments. He is also the Chairman of Sangam Dairy located in Vadlamudi.
William S. Stone
General William Sebastian Stone (January 6, 1910 – December 2, 1968) was an American United States Air Force Major General and the third Superintendent of the United States Air Force Academy. His final assignment was as the air deputy to the Supreme Allied Commander Europe.

Supreme Allied Commander Europe
The Supreme Allied Commander Europe (SACEUR) is the commander of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization's (NATO) Allied Command Operations (ACO) and head of ACO's headquarters, Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE). The commander is based at SHAPE in Casteau, Belgium. In effect, SACEUR is the second-highest military position within NATO, below only the Chair of the NATO Military Committee in terms of precedence. There is another Supreme Allied Commander in NATO, Supreme Allied Commander Transformation (SACT), titularly equal, but whose duties are less operational. SACT, in Norfolk, Virginia, has responsibility for capability development rather than operations.

SACEUR has always been held by a U.S. military officer, and the position is dual-hatted with that of Commander of United States European Command.

The current SACEUR is General Alexus G. Grynkewich of the US Air Force.
Edward L. Cash
Edward L. Cash (26 December 1849 – 31 May 1922) was a Canadian physician and politician.

Born in Markham, Canada West, the son of David Cash and Elizebeth Eckardt, Cash received his M.D. from the Victoria University in Cobourg, Ontario in 1871. From 1871 to 1896, he resided in United States and was elected County Clerk and Clerk of the District Court for Rock in Nebraska. In 1897, he started practicing medicine in Yorkton, Saskatchewan. Cash was a founder of the Yorkton Club, an elite social club created on 3 April 1907 under the Yorkton Club Act 1907.

He was first elected to the House of Commons of Canada in 1904 for the electoral district of Mackenzie. A Liberal, he was re-elected in 1908 and 1911.

Yorkton
Yorkton is a city located in south-eastern Saskatchewan, Canada. It is about 300 kilometres (190 mi) south-east of Saskatoon and 450 kilometres (280 mi) north-west of Winnipeg, Manitoba and is the sixth-largest city in the province. Yorkton was founded in 1882 and incorporated as a city in 1928. The city is bordered by the rural municipalities of Orkney to the north, west, and south, and Wallace on the east.
Dental material
Dental products are specially fabricated materials, designed for use in dentistry. There are many different types of dental products, and their characteristics vary according to their intended purpose.

Fluoride
Fluoride (/ˈflʊəraɪd, ˈflɔːr-/) is an inorganic, monatomic anion of fluorine, with the chemical formula F− (also written [F]−), whose salts are typically white or colorless. Fluoride salts typically have distinctive bitter tastes and are odorless. Its salts and minerals are important chemical reagents and industrial chemicals, mainly used in the production of hydrogen fluoride for fluorocarbons. Fluoride is classified as a weak base, since it only partially associates in solution, but concentrated fluoride is corrosive and can attack the skin.

Fluoride is the simplest fluorine anion. In terms of charge and size, the fluoride ion resembles the hydroxide ion. Fluoride ions occur on Earth in several minerals, particularly fluorite, but are present only in trace quantities in bodies of water in nature.
Oleg Rakhmanin
Oleg Borisovich Rakhmanin (Russian: Олег Борисович Рахманин; October 7, 1924 – August 5, 2010) was a Soviet Russian politician and diplomat. Doctor of Sciences in Historical Sciences (1975), and professor (1977). Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Russian Union of Journalists. Laureate of the USSR State Prize.

He graduated from the Tomsk Artillery School. He fought at the front and was wounded.

He started his career working at the USSR Embassy in the PRC (1951-1958), then studied at the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation from 1958–1960, before returning to the embassy to work from 1960-1963. In 1963, he began working  in the Central Committee of the CPSU, remaining in the position until 1986, retiring in 1987.

Rakhmanin is the author more than 100 published scientific works.

His son is Vladimir Rakhmanin.

Russian Union of Journalists
Russian Union of Journalists (RUJ; Russian: Союз журналистов России) is the largest professional association of media workers in the Russian Federation, claiming more than 100,000 members across eighty-two regional branches and about forty specialist guilds. The organisation combines the functions of a trade union with those of a public-interest NGO, seeking to defend journalists’ labour rights while promoting professional ethics and freedom of expression.
Honkajoki
Honkajoki (Finnish: [ˈhoŋkɑˌjoki]; Hongonjoki until 1952) is a former municipality of Finland. It was merged with the town of Kankaanpää on 1 January 2021.

It was located in the province of Western Finland and was part of the Satakunta region. The population of Honkajoki was 1,595 (31 December 2020) and the municipality covered an area of 331.22 km2 (127.88 sq mi) of which 1.8 km2 (0.69 sq mi) was inland water (1 January 2018). The population density was 20.76/km2 (53.8/sq mi). The municipality was unilingually Finnish.

The wooden tankard called haarikka in the coat of arms of Honkajoki represent local handicrafts, while the star comes from the coat of arms of Satakunta region. The coat of arms was designed by Ahti Hammar and was confirmed in 1952.

In the 1980s, clot soup and lamb stew potatoes were named Honkajoki's traditional local dishes.

Satakunta
Satakunta (in both Finnish and Swedish, Finnish pronunciation: [ˈs̠ɑt̪ɑˌkun̪t̪ɑ]; historically Satacundia or Satagundia) is a region (maakunta / landskap) of Finland, part of the former Western Finland Province. It borders the regions of Southwest Finland, Pirkanmaa, South Ostrobothnia and Ostrobothnia. The capital city of the region is Pori. The name of the region literally means hundred. The historical province of the same name was a larger area within Finland, covering modern Satakunta as well as much of Pirkanmaa.
Moodie Island
Moodie Island is one of Baffin Island's small, uninhabited, offshore islands and is a part of the Arctic Archipelago within the territory of Nunavut. Located on the southern side of Cumberland Sound, it separates Littlecote Channel to the west from Neptune Bay to the east.

It has an area of 233 km2 (90 sq mi).

The island is extremely mountainous with a highest point of roughly 765 m.

Arctic Archipelago
The Arctic Archipelago, also known as the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, is an archipelago lying to the north of the Canadian continental mainland, excluding Greenland (an autonomous territory of the Danish Realm, which is, by itself, much larger than the combined area of the archipelago), and Iceland (an independent country).

Situated in the northern extremity of North America and covering about 1,424,500 km2 (550,000 sq mi), this group of 36,563 islands, surrounded by the Arctic Ocean, comprises much of Northern Canada, predominately Nunavut and the Northwest Territories. The archipelago is showing some effects of climate change, with some computer estimates determining that melting there will contribute 3.5 cm (1.4 in) to the rise in sea levels by 2100.
Lac-Masketsi
Lac-Masketsi is an unorganized territory in the Mauricie region of province of Quebec, Canada, part of the Mékinac Regional County Municipality. Most of its area is part of the Zec Tawachiche. The discharge of Masketsi Lake at the south-east flows in the Little Lake Masketsi, which empties into the Tawachiche West River.

Mauricie
Mauricie (French pronunciation: [mɔʁisi]) is a traditional and current administrative region of Quebec. La Mauricie National Park is contained within the region, making tourism in Mauricie popular. The region has a land area of 35,860.05 km2 (13,845.64 sq mi) and a population of 266,112 residents as of the 2016 Census. Its largest cities are Trois-Rivières and Shawinigan.

The word Mauricie was coined by local priest and historian Albert Tessier and is based on the Saint-Maurice river which runs through the region on a North-South axis.

Mauricie administrative region was created on August 20, 1997 from the split of Mauricie–Bois-Francs administrative region into Mauricie and Centre-du-Québec.  However, the concept of Mauricie as a traditional region long predates this.
Viktor Popkov
Viktor Alekseyevich Popkov (Russian: Ви́ктор Алексе́евич Попко́в; June 17, 1946 – June 2, 2001) was a Russian dissident, Christian, humanitarian, human rights activist and journalist.

A deeply religious Old Believer and pacifist, Popkov taught non-violence, and spent the last 15 years of his life in conflict areas of the collapsing Soviet Union, including the Abkhaz–Georgian conflict, the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, and the Chechen Wars.

Popkov died on June 2, 2001, after being shot during a drive-by shooting while working as an aid worker in Chechnya days earlier.

Dissident
A dissident is a person who actively challenges an established political or religious system, doctrine, belief, policy, or institution. In a religious context, the word has been used since the 18th century, and in the political sense since the 20th century, coinciding with the rise of authoritarian governments in countries such as Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, Francoist Spain, the Soviet Union (and later Russia), North Korea, China, Turkmenistan and the Middle East. In the Western world, there are historical examples of people who have been considered and have considered themselves dissidents, such as the Dutch philosopher Baruch Spinoza. In totalitarian countries, dissidents are often incarcerated or executed without explicit political accusations, or due to infringements of the very same laws they are opposing, or because they are supporting civil liberties such as freedom of speech.
Manuela Campanelli (scientist)
Manuela Campanelli is a distinguished professor of astrophysics of the Rochester Institute of Technology. She also holds the John Vouros endowed professorship at RIT and is the director of its Center for Computational Relativity and Gravitation.
Her work focuses on the astrophysics of merging black holes and neutron stars, which are powerful sources of gravitational waves, electromagnetic radiation and relativistic jets. This research is central to the fields of relativistic astrophysics and gravitational-wave astronomy.

She is a Fellow of the American Physical Society (2009), a Fellow of International Society on General Relativity and Gravitation Fellowship (2019), and a recipient of the Richard A. Isaacson award in Gravitational-Wave Science of the APS (2024).

General Relativity and Gravitation
General Relativity and Gravitation is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal. It was established in 1970, and is published by Springer Science+Business Media under the auspices of the International Society on General Relativity and Gravitation. The two editors-in-chief are Pablo Laguna and Mairi Sakellariadou; former editors include George Francis Rayner Ellis, Hermann Nicolai, Abhay Ashtekar, and Roy Maartens. The journal's field of interest is modern gravitational physics, encompassing all theoretical and experimental aspects of general relativity and gravitation.
Proto-Polynesian language
Proto-Polynesian (abbreviated PPn) is the reconstructed proto-language from which all modern Polynesian languages descend. It is a descendant of the Proto-Oceanic language (the language associated with the Lapita civilization), itself a descendant of Proto-Austronesian. The homeland of Proto-Polynesian speakers is believed to have been Tonga, Samoa, and nearby islands.

Lapita culture
The Lapita culture is the name given to a Neolithic Austronesian people and their distinct material culture, who settled Island Melanesia via a seaborne migration at around 1600 to 500 BCE. The Lapita people are believed to have originated from the northern Philippines, either directly, via the Mariana Islands, or both. They were notable for their distinctive geometric designs on dentate-stamped pottery, which closely resemble the pottery recovered from the Nagsabaran archaeological site in northern Luzon. The Lapita intermarried with the Papuan populations to various degrees, and are the direct ancestors of the Austronesian peoples of Polynesia, eastern Micronesia, and Island Melanesia.
Scare Easy
"Scare Easy" is a song written and sung by Tom Petty, featured on the debut album by rock band Mudcrutch, featuring Petty and Mike Campbell. The song was used in a 2008 commercial for My Name Is Earl. The song peaked at #4 on the Billboard chart.

"Scare Easy" was described as "full of the tones and lyrics of the mid 1970s, but the tight harmonies come from musicians who have matured."

The song can also be heard over the end credits of the film Appaloosa (2008), a Western directed and starring Ed Harris and co-starring Viggo Mortensen and Renée Zellweger. "Scare Easy" does not appear on the official soundtrack for the film.

Appaloosa (film)
Appaloosa is a 2008 American Western film based on the 2005 novel Appaloosa by crime writer Robert B. Parker. Directed by Ed Harris and co-written by Harris and Robert Knott, Appaloosa stars Harris alongside Viggo Mortensen, Renée Zellweger, and Jeremy Irons. The film premiered at 2008 Toronto International Film Festival and was released in selected cities on September 19, 2008, then expanded into wide release on October 3, 2008. This movie has won four different awards, including the Western Heritage Award in 2009.
Lumen (anatomy)
In biology, a lumen (pl.: lumina) is the inside space of a tubular structure, such as an artery or intestine. It comes from Latin  lumen 'an opening'.

It can refer to:

the interior of a vessel, such as the central space in an artery, vein or capillary through which blood flows

the interior of the gastrointestinal tract

the pathways of the bronchi in the lungs

the interior of renal tubules and urinary collecting ducts

the pathways of the female genital tract, starting with a single pathway of the vagina, splitting up in two lumina in the uterus, both of which continue through the fallopian tubes

the fluid-filled cavity forming in the blastocyst during pre-implantation development called the blastocoel

In cell biology, lumen is a membrane-defined space that is found inside several organelles, cellular components, or structures, including thylakoid, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosome, mitochondrion, and microtubule.

Capillary
A capillary is a small blood vessel, from 5 to 10 micrometres in diameter, and is part of the microcirculation system. Capillaries are microvessels and the smallest blood vessels in the body. They are composed of only the tunica intima (the innermost layer of an artery or vein), consisting of a thin wall of simple squamous endothelial cells. They are the site of the exchange of many substances from the surrounding interstitial fluid, and they convey blood from the smallest branches of the arteries (arterioles) to those of the veins (venules). Other substances which cross capillaries include water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, urea, glucose, uric acid, lactic acid and creatinine. Lymph capillaries connect with larger lymph vessels to drain lymphatic fluid collected in microcirculation.
1973 Tameside Metropolitan Borough Council election
The first elections to Tameside Council were held on Thursday, 10 May 1973. This was a new council created to replace the municipal boroughs of Ashton-under-Lyne, Dukinfield, Hyde, Mossley, and Stalybridge, and the urban districts of Audenshaw, Denton, Droylesden, and Longdendale. This election would create the entire 54-member council, which would shadow its predecessor councils before taking over their functions on 1 April 1974, as specified in the Local Government Act 1972. Each 1st-placed candidate would serve a five-year term of office, expiring in 1978. Each 2nd-placed candidate would serve a three-year term of office, expiring in 1976. Each 3rd-placed candidate would serve a two-year term of office, expiring in 1975.

The Labour Party won overall control of the council.

Longdendale Urban District
Longdendale Urban District was an urban district in Cheshire, England. It was created in 1936 and abolished in 1974. It was named after Longdendale, and covered western parts of the valley. The council was based in Hollingworth and the district also included Mottram in Longdendale, Broadbottom and surrounding areas. On the district's abolition in 1974, the area became part of the metropolitan borough of Tameside in Greater Manchester.