hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Henry Hauenstein
Henry Denis Hauenstein, MM (3 May 1881 – 6 December 1940) was an Australian national representative rower and a World War I infantry officer. He was a three-time Australian national champion rower who competed for Australasia at the 1912 Summer Olympics in the men's eight. He was a member of the Australian men's selection eight which won the Grand Challenge Cup at the Henley Royal Regatta of 1912. He saw active service on the Western Front where he won the Military Medal and was a member of the AIF crew which at war's end, won at the 1919 Peace Regatta and brought the King's Cup to Australia.

Rowing at the 1912 Summer Olympics – Men's eight
The men's eight was a rowing event held as part of the Rowing at the 1912 Summer Olympics programme. It was the fourth appearance of the event. The competition was held from Wednesday to Friday, 17 to 19 July 1912. Ninety-nine rowers (11 boats) from eight nations competed. Nations were still permitted to have two boats each in the event.

The event was won by the Leander Club of Great Britain, successfully defending their 1908 Olympic title. Silver also went to Great Britain, with their second boat from New College Boat Club. Germany earned its first medal in the men's eight with a bronze by the Berliner Ruderverein von 1876 (Berlin rowing club of 1876).

According to the records of silver medallists New College, the final featured controversy as Leander's team acted outside convention over a coin toss, though this is not mentioned in the official record.
Vecsey
Vecsey is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adolf Vécsey (1916–1979), Hungarian football player

August von Vécsey (1775–1857) Austrian general of the Napoleonic Wars, father of Károly, relative of Peter

Franz von Vecsey (1893–1935), Hungarian violinist and composer

George Vecsey (born 1939), American writer

Károly Vécsey (1803–1849), Hungarian Army general

Peter Vecsey (sports columnist) (born 1943), American sports columnist and analyst

Peter von Vécsey (1768–1809) Austrian general of the Napoleonic Wars killed at the Battle of Wagram, relative of August

Adolf Vécsey
Adolf Vécsey (also known as Adolf Weber; 13 June 1916 – 1979) was a Hungarian football player who played as a goalkeeper. He played mostly for Club Atletic Oradea, in over 130 matches and won two league titles.
Chilik (river)
The Chilik (Russian: Чилик), Shilik (Kazakh: Шілік), or Shelek (Kazakh: Шелек) is a major river in the Almaty Region in the Republic of Kazakhstan, one of the largest left tributaries of the Ili, and the main waterway of southeastern Kazakhstan. The Bartogay reservoir has been created on the river, from where the Great Almaty canal begins.

Almaty Region
Almaty Region (Kazakh: Almaty oblysy [ɑɫmɑˈtə ˌwobɫɤˈsə]), formerly known as the Alma-Ata Region until 1993, is a region in Kazakhstan, located in the southeastern part of the country. It surrounds, but does not include, the eponymous city of Almaty. Its capital is Qonaev.
West Estonian Archipelago Biosphere Reserve
The West Estonian Archipelago Biosphere Reserve (established 1990) is a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve in Estonia, located in the West Estonian archipelago in the eastern Baltic Sea.  The 15,600 square kilometres (6,000 sq mi) reserve comprises the islands of Saaremaa, Hiiumaa, Vormsi and Muhu, as well as numerous islets and marine parts. The islands are in the transition zone between temperate needle-leaf and broadleaf forest.

Vormsi
Vormsi (Swedish: Ormsö) is the fourth-largest island of Estonia, measuring 92 square kilometres (36 square miles) and a registered population of around 400. It is located in the Baltic Sea, northwest of the mainland and east of Hiiumaa island, and is part of the West Estonian archipelago (Moonsund archipelago).

Administratively the island forms part of Vormsi Parish (rural municipality).
Yehiam
Yehiam (Hebrew: יְחִיעָם) is a kibbutz in northern Israel. Located at the western Upper Galilee, eight miles east of the coastal town of Nahariya and 14 miles south-east of the border with Lebanon it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Asher Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 841. It is located around 365 meters above sea level

Yehiam is situated next to the ruins of the Ottoman-era castle of Jiddin, built on top of the 13th-century Crusader castle of Judin.

Rosh HaNikra Crossing
The Rosh HaNikra Crossing (Hebrew: מעבר ראש הנקרה), also known as Ras Al Naqoura Crossing (Arabic: معبر رأس الناقورة), is an international border crossing between Naqoura, Lebanon and Rosh HaNikra, Israel. The terminal is operated solely by the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon and the Israel Defense Forces. The passage of regular tourists/visitors is forbidden.
McKee, Pennsylvania
McKee is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Blair County, Pennsylvania, United States. It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

The CDP is in southern Blair County, in the eastern part of Freedom Township and the southern corner of Blair Township. It sits on both sides of Halter Creek, where the stream exits from a water gap between Short Mountain to the north and Dunning Mountain to the south. Halter Creek is a northwestward-flowing tributary of the Frankstown Branch Juniata River, part of the Susquehanna River watershed.

McKee is bordered to the west by East Freedom. Woodbury Pike, carrying Pennsylvania Routes 36 and 164, passes through the center of McKee, leading northwest 1 mile (1.6 km) to Interstate 99 at Leamersville and southeast through the Halter Creek water gap 2 miles (3 km) to Roaring Spring.

Pennsylvania Route 36
Pennsylvania Route 36 (PA 36) is a 151.12 mi (243.2 km) long state highway located in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania. The southern terminus is at PA 26 near the Hopewell Township community of Yellow Creek. The northern terminus is at PA 27/PA 227 in Pleasantville.

One of the longest and oldest highways in the commonwealth, PA 36 serves as a major connector between South Central and Northwestern Pennsylvania. In 1955, the highway was designated as the Colonel Drake Highway in honor of Edwin Drake.
Earl St Vincent (ship)
In the early 1800s several ships were named Earl St Vincent for John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent:

Earl St Vincent (1798 Gatcombe ship) was launched at Gatcombe in 1798. She made one voyage for the  British East India Company (EIC).

Earl St Vincent (1798 Yarmouth ship) was launched at Yarmouth in 1798. She was last listed in 1846.

Earl St Vincent (1799 EIC ship) was launched in 1799 as an East Indiaman. She made seven voyages for the EIC before she was sold for breaking up in 1813.

Earl St. Vincent (1800 ship) was a merchant ship built at Topsham, England in 1800. Between 1818 and 1823 she made three voyages transporting convicts from England and Ireland to Australia. She was last listed in 1833.

Earl St Vincent (1803 ship) was a French ship launched in 1794 that was British captured and that became a British merchantman. Early in her career she was captured by a French privateer, but recaptured. She was last listed in 1814.

Penal transportation
Penal transportation (or simply transportation) was the relocation of convicted criminals, or other persons regarded as undesirable, to a distant place, often a colony, for a specified term; later, specifically established penal colonies became their destination. While the prisoners may have been released once the sentences were served, they generally did not have the resources to return home.
Sui Dhaaga
Sui Dhaaga: Made in India (transl. Needle & Thread; Hindi pronunciation: [sʊiː d̪ʱaːgaː]) is a 2018 Indian Hindi-language comedy-drama film directed by Sharat Katariya and produced by Aditya Chopra and Maneesh Sharma. The film stars Varun Dhawan and Anushka Sharma as a married couple in small-town India who begin their own small-scale clothing business. It was shot in Chanderi, Bhopal, Delhi and Ghaziabad. The film was released in India on 28 September 2018; it received positive reviews from critics and proved to be a commercial success at the box office, It received five nominations at the 64th Filmfare Awards including Best Actress (Critics) for Sharma and Best Supporting Actress for Yamini Dass, who played Dhawan's mother in the film.

The film found a place as an official entry, in the competition category at the Shanghai International Film Festival (SIFF), the Belt and Road Film, which began on 15 June 2019.

Maneesh Sharma
Maneesh Sharma (born 6 January 1978) is an Indian filmmaker who is known for his work in Hindi films. He has directed films such as Band Baaja Baaraat (2010), Ladies vs Ricky Bahl (2011), Shuddh Desi Romance (2013), and Fan (2016).
Second-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy used to categorise sailing warships, a second-rate was a ship of the line which by the start of the 18th century mounted 90 to 98 guns on three gun decks; earlier 17th-century second rates had fewer guns and were originally two-deckers or had only partially armed third gun decks. A "second rate" was the second largest class of warships in a hierarchical system of six "ratings" based on size and firepower.

They were essentially smaller and hence cheaper versions of the 100-gun first-rates. Like the first rates, they fought in the line of battle, but unlike the first rates, which were considered too valuable to risk in distant stations, the second rates often served also in major overseas stations as flagships. They had a reputation for poor handling and slow sailing. They were popular as flagships of admirals commanding the Windward and/or Leeward Islands station, which was usually a Rear-admiral of the red.

Line of battle
The line of battle or the battle line is a tactic in naval warfare in which a fleet of ships (known as ships of the line) forms a line end to end.  The first example of its use as a tactic is disputed—it has been variously claimed for dates ranging from 1502 to 1652. Line-of-battle tactics were in widespread use by 1675.

Compared with prior naval tactics, in which two opposing ships closed on one another for individual combat, the line of battle has the advantage that each ship in the line can fire its broadside without fear of hitting a friendly ship. This means that in a given period, the fleet can fire more shots. Another advantage is that a relative movement of the line in relation to some part of the enemy fleet allows for a systematic concentration of fire on that part. The other fleet can avoid this by manoeuvring in a line itself, with a result typical for sea battles since 1675: two fleets sail alongside one another (or on the opposite tack).
Sarah B. Cochran
Sarah B. Cochran (née Moore, 1857–1936) was an active philanthropist and a director on multiple corporate boards in western Pennsylvania during the height of the area's coal wealth in the early 20th century.  At one time, she was one of the wealthiest women on the East Coast.  She was the first female trustee of Allegheny College and financed construction of Linden Hall and the Philip G. Cochran Memorial United Methodist Church, both on the National Register of Historic Places.

Coke (fuel)
Coke is a grey, hard, and porous coal-based fuel with a high carbon content. It is made by heating coal or petroleum in the absence of air. Coke is an important industrial product, used mainly in the smelting of iron ore, but also as a fuel in stoves and forges.

The unqualified term "coke" usually refers to the product derived from low-ash and low-sulphur bituminous coal by a process called coking. A similar product called petroleum coke, or pet coke, is obtained from crude petroleum in petroleum refineries. Coke may also be formed naturally by geologic processes. It is the residue of a destructive distillation process.
Leslie Payn
Leslie William Payn (6 May 1915 – 2 May 1992) was a South African cricketer active from 1936 to 1953 who played for Natal and was a member of the South African team that toured the British Isles in 1947 but did not play in the Test team.

Payn was educated at Michaelhouse. He did not represent South Africa in Test cricket. Payn was an orthodox slow left arm spinner who was born in Umzinto, Natal, on 6 May 1915. He died on 2 May 1992 at Scottburgh, Natal. Although a left arm bowler, he batted righthanded. He made 51 first-class appearances and took 151 wickets with a best performance of eight for 89. Although he was a tailender, he scored one first-class century when he made his highest score of 103.

Michaelhouse
Michaelhouse is a full boarding senior school for boys founded in 1896. It is located in the Balgowan valley in the Midlands of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The Spear's Schools Index 2025 recognises Michaelhouse as one of the world's 100 leading private schools (Rest of the World category), for demonstrating excellence in academics, innovation and student development.
The Esplanade (Kenner, Louisiana)
The Esplanade, also known as Esplanade Mall, was a suburban shopping mall located in the New Orleans suburb of Kenner, Louisiana, United States. Its anchors are Dillard's Clearance Center, 3.6.5+ by image, Target, and Regal Cinemas' Regal Grand Esplanade & GPX. Its former anchors are D. H. Holmes, Macy's (the first Macy's in Louisiana), and Mervyn's. It opened in September 1985 and was owned by the Simon Property Group, who acquired it when they acquired the Mills Corporation in 2007. Simon was the owner of The Mall From mid-2007 until mid-September 2016, when Pacific Retail Capital Partners took over as a new owner. Pacific Retail Capital Partners was the owner of The Mall from September 2016 until June 2018 when Kohan Retail Investment Group bought it. Kohan Retail Investment Group owned the mall from June 2018 until August 2021, when it was used by the Kenner City Government as a temporary City Hall in the wake of Hurricane Ida.

Leon Godchaux
Leon Godchaux (June 10, 1824 – May 18, 1899) was a French-born American businessman, planter, sugar plantation owner and the founder of the Leon Godchaux Clothing Co. department store and Godchaux Sugars Inc.. He lived in Louisiana, where the "largest sugar plantations" were "the Calumet, and those owned by Leon Godchaux, 'The Sugar King of the South.'"
Navy Information Operations Command, Hawaii
The Navy Information Operations Command (NIOC), Hawaii (previously: Naval Security Group Activity (NSGA) Hawaii, NSGA Kunia, and NSGA Pearl Harbor) is a United States naval installation located on the Hawaiian island of Oahu. NIOC Hawaii employs more than 2,000 service members and civilians in support of cyber operations and signals intelligence ("SIGINT"). It was originally formed on 30 September 2004, after the merging of NSGA Kunia and NSGA Pearl Harbor, and then known as the combined "NSGA Hawaii". NIOC Hawaii serves as a worldwide hub for a secure US and allied communications network. NIOC Hawaii also provides a secure radio relay, as well as support to the US Indo-Pacific Command ("USINDOPACOM") by providing cryptologic personnel, as well as information, communications, and engineering installation services. NIOC Hawaii provides host support services to the Regional Security Operations Center.

Signals intelligence
Signals intelligence (SIGINT) is the act and field of intelligence-gathering by interception of signals, whether communications between people (communications intelligence—abbreviated to COMINT) or from electronic signals not directly used in communication (electronic intelligence—abbreviated to ELINT). As classified and sensitive information is usually encrypted, signals intelligence may necessarily involve cryptanalysis (to decipher the messages). Traffic analysis—the study of who is signaling to whom and in what quantity—is also used to integrate information, and it may complement cryptanalysis.
Ligier JS29
The Ligier JS29 was a Formula One car designed by Michel Têtu and Michel Beaujon for the Ligier team for use in the 1987 season. It was originally developed for use with an Alfa Romeo turbo power plant but prior to the start of the season, Ligier lost the use of the engine. The car had to be re-designed around a Megatron Straight 4 turbo engine. Redesignated the JS29B, it scored a single point during the season when driver René Arnoux finished 6th in the Belgian Grand Prix. Later in the season, the car was further refined to a JS29C specification.

Équipe Ligier
Équipe Ligier (French: [e.kip li.ʒje]) is a motorsport team, best known for its Formula One team that operated from 1976 to 1996. The team was founded in 1968 by French former rugby union player and former Formula One driver Guy Ligier as a sports car manufacturer.
Ooredoo Tunisia
Ooredoo Tunisia (previously Tunisiana) is a private telecommunications company in Tunisia. Set up with capital of 330 million Tunisian dinars, it was founded on 11 May 2002. Ooredoo Tunisia is part of the Ooredoo Group. With over 7.5 million subscribers, it is the largest operator in Tunisia.

Financial capital
Financial capital (also simply known as capital or equity in finance, accounting and economics) is any economic resource measured in terms of money used by entrepreneurs and businesses to buy what they need to make their products or to provide their services to the sector of the economy upon which their operation is based (e.g. retail, corporate, investment banking). In other words, financial capital is internal retained earnings generated by the entity or funds provided by lenders (and investors) to businesses in order to purchase real capital equipment or services for producing new goods or services.

In contrast, real capital comprises physical goods that assist in the production of other goods and services (e.g. shovels for gravediggers, sewing machines for tailors, or machinery and tooling for factories).
1909 Taunton by-election
The 1909 Taunton by-election was held on 23 February 1909.  The by-election was held due to the ill health of the incumbent Conservative MP, Edward Boyle.  It was won by the Conservative candidate William Peel, previously the MP for Manchester South. Peel was the son of Arthur Peel, 1st Viscount Peel, a former Liberal MP and  Speaker of the House of Commons, and the grandson of former Prime Minister Robert Peel.

Manchester South
Manchester South was one of six parliamentary constituencies created in 1885 by the division of the Parliamentary Borough of Manchester, England.  It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first-past-the-post voting system. The constituency was abolished in 1918.
Gidgee Parish, New South Wales
Gidgee located at 29°32′28″S 141°12′40″E﻿ / ﻿29.5411°S 141.2110°E﻿ / -29.5411; 141.2110 is a remote rural locality and civil parish of Evelyn County, New South Wales in far northwest New South Wales.

The geography of the Parish is mostly the flat, arid landscape of the Channel Country. The parish has a Köppen climate classification of BWh (Hot desert). The nearest town is Tibooburra to the north, which is on the Silver City Highway and lies south of the Sturt National Park.

Tibooburra
Tibooburra (pronounced /ˈtɪbəbʌrə/ or /ˈtɪpəbʌrə/) is a town in the far northwest of New South Wales, Australia, in the Sturt Stony Desert. It is approximately located 1,187 kilometres (738 mi) from the state capital, Sydney.  It is most frequently visited by tourists on their way to Sturt National Park or on the way to or from Innamincka in South Australia and Birdsville in Queensland. At the 2016 census, Tibooburra had a population of 134. 
Although facilities in Tibooburra are quite limited, fuel, meals, and a range of accommodation options are available.  All significant support services (medical, dental, hospital, retail, mechanical, commercial) are based in Broken Hill.

The New South Wales National Parks and Wildlife Service has a tourist information centre in the township.  There is also a police station.  There is an airstrip about 6 km east of the village. The road from Broken Hill was finally completely sealed in 2020 and officially opened in July 2020.
37th Manitoba Legislature
The members of the 37th Manitoba Legislature were elected in the Manitoba general election held in September 1999. The legislature sat from November 18, 1999, to May 2, 2003.

The New Democratic Party led by Gary Doer formed the government.

Gary Filmon of the Progressive Conservative Party was Leader of the Opposition. After Filmon's resignation in 2000, Bonnie Mitchelson served as acting party leader until Stuart Murray was elected leader in November 2000.

George Hickes served as speaker for the assembly.

There were four sessions of the 37th Legislature:

Peter Liba was Lieutenant Governor of Manitoba.

George Hickes (Manitoba politician)
George Hickes (born 26 June 1946) is a politician in Manitoba, Canada. He has served in the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba from 1990 until 2011, and was the Speaker of the Assembly from November 1999 to October 2011. He is a member of the New Democratic Party.

Hickes is the father of Nunavut politician George Hickes Jr., and the uncle of Nunavut politician Hunter Tootoo and hockey player Jordin Tootoo.
Paalam (1990 film)
Paalam (transl. Bridge) is a 1990 Indian Tamil-language vigilante film directed by Karvannan. The film stars Murali, M. N. Nambiar, Kitty and newcomer Vasudevan Baskaran, with Senthil, Anuja, Suryakanth, Balambika, Kannan, Ramesh and Gowri in supporting roles. It was released on 10 March 1990.

Suryakanth
Suryakanth (born 7 July  1960) is a Tamil film actor known for his works predominantly in Tamil films. He has acted more than 300 films so far, and has made his mark as a villain, comedian, in many characters. Suriyakanth has acted in many films, such as Indru Poi Naalai Vaa, Thooral Ninnu pochu, Mann Vasanai, Kizhakku Cheemayile. He made his debut film M. A. Kaja's Vasantha Kaalam released in 1981.
Dippenaar
Dippenaar is a surname, derived from the name Depner (meaning, pottery baker). The father of this surname was Johan Martin Dippenaar (1715-1790), that immigrated from Germany, to settle in Citrusdal (South Africa).

Notable people with the surname include:

Ansie Dippenaar-Schoeman (born 1948), South African arachnologist

Boeta Dippenaar (born 1977), South African cricketer

Lauritz Dippenaar (born 1948), South African businessman, investor, and banker

Stephan Dippenaar (born 1988), South African rugby union footballer

Lauritz Dippenaar
Lauritz "Laurie" Dippenaar is a South African millionaire, businessman, investor, and banker who was the Chairman of FirstRand Financial Group. He is also well known for his philanthropic activities and runs a scholarship programme through his scholarship fund.
Barry Smith (footballer, born 1974)
Barry Smith (born 19 February 1974) is a Scottish football coach and former player, who was most recently the manager of Scottish League Two club Elgin City. As a player, Smith played in the right back, centre back, and defensive midfielder roles for Celtic, Dundee, Valur, Partick Thistle, Greenock Morton and Brechin City. Smith was admitted into Dundee's Hall of Fame having made 400 appearances for the club.

Smith played on loan for Brechin City while managing the Dundee under-19 side. He became Dundee first team manager in October 2010, when the club had entered financial administration. During this period, Smith led the team to a club record 23-game unbeaten streak in the league. He has since managed Alloa Athletic, Aldershot Town, East Fife, Raith Rovers, Brechin City and Elgin City.

Valur (men's football)
The Valur men's football team, commonly known as Valur (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈvaːlʏr̥], lit. 'Gyrfalcon'), is the men's football department of the Knattspyrnufélagið Valur multi-sport club. The club is based in Reykjavík, Iceland, and currently plays in the Besta deild karla, the top league of men's football in Iceland. The team plays its home games at Hlíðarendi in Reykjavík. The team's colours are red and white. Valur has spent most of its time in the top-flight of Icelandic football, spending only three seasons outside the top tier. Valur is one of the most successful football clubs in Iceland, with 23 Icelandic championships.