hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Britton Bath Osler
Britton Bath Osler, KC (19 June 1839 – 5 February 1901) was a Canadian lawyer and prosecutor. The eldest of three prominent brothers (the other two being Sir Edmund Osler and Sir William Osler), he was born in Bond Head, Upper Canada.

Bradford West Gwillimbury
Bradford West Gwillimbury is a town in south-central Ontario, Canada, in Simcoe County in the Toronto Census Metropolitan Area (but not the Greater Toronto Area) on the Holland River. West Gwillimbury takes its name from the family of Elizabeth Simcoe, née Gwillim.

The former Town of Bradford was amalgamated with portions of the former Townships of West Gwillimbury and Tecumseth to become the Town of Bradford West Gwillimbury on January 1, 1991.
Hans-Joachim Bungartz
Hans-Joachim Bungartz (born 1963 in Lahr/Schwarzwald) is a German mathematician and computer scientist. He is a professor at the Technical University of Munich and holds the chair for scientific computing there. He was Dean of the Faculty of Computer Science and has been Dean of the TUM School of Computation, Information and Technology since October 2022.

Since 2011, he has been chairman of the board of the Deutsches Forschungsnetz.

Lahr
Lahr (officially Lahr/Schwarzwald since 30 September 1978) ((German: [laːɐ̯] ⓘ); Low Alemannic: Lohr) is a city in western Baden-Württemberg, Germany, approximately 50 km north of Freiburg im Breisgau, 40 km southeast of Strasbourg, and 95 km southwest of Karlsruhe. It is the second largest city in Ortenau (district) after Offenburg, and serves as an intermediate economic centre for the cities and towns of Ettenheim, Friesenheim, Kappel-Grafenhausen, Kippenheim, Mahlberg, Meißenheim, Ringsheim, Rust, Schuttertal, Schwanau and Seelbach.

The population of Lahr passed the 20,000 mark in the mid-1950s. When the new body of Municipal Law for Baden-Württemberg came into effect on April 1, 1956, the city was therefore immediately accorded Große Kreisstadt status. In addition, Lahr cooperates with the town of Kippenheim in administrative matters.
National Register of Historic Places listings in Hampton, Virginia
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Hampton, Virginia.

This is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in the independent city of Hampton, Virginia, United States.  The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in an online map.

There are 30 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the city, including 5 National Historic Landmarks.  Another 2 properties were once listed but have been removed.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted August 8, 2025.

Independent city (United States)
In the United States, an independent city is a city that is not in the territory of any county or counties and is considered a primary administrative division of its state. Independent cities are classified by the United States Census Bureau as "county equivalents" and may also have similar governmental powers to a consolidated city-county or a unitary authority. However, in the case of a consolidated city-county, a city and a county were merged into a unified jurisdiction in which the county at least nominally exists to this day, whereas an independent city was legally separated from any county or merged with a county that simultaneously ceased to exist even in name.

Of the 41 independent U.S. cities, 38 are in Virginia, whose state constitution makes them a special case. The three independent cities outside Virginia are Baltimore, Maryland; St. Louis, Missouri; and Carson City, Nevada. Baltimore is the most populous independent city in the United States.
Debra Satz
Debra Satz is an American philosopher and the Vernon R. & Lysbeth Warren Anderson Dean of the School of Humanities and Sciences at Stanford University. She is the Marta Sutton Weeks Professor of Ethics in Society and Director of Stanford's program in this field, Professor of Philosophy and, by courtesy, Political Science. She teaches courses in ethics, social and political philosophy, and philosophy of social science.

Social philosophy
Social philosophy is the study and interpretation of society and social institutions in terms of ethical values rather than empirical relations. Social philosophers emphasize understanding the social contexts for political, legal, moral and cultural questions, and the development of novel theoretical frameworks, from social ontology to care ethics to cosmopolitan theories of democracy, natural law, human rights, gender equity and global justice.
French Shore
The French Shore (French: Côte française de Terre-Neuve), also called The Treaty Shore, resulted from the 1713 ratifications  of the Treaty of Utrecht. The provisions of the treaty allowed the French to fish in season along the north coast of Newfoundland between Cape Bonavista and Point Riche. This area had been frequented by fishermen from Brittany since the early 16th century, which they called "le petit nord" (the little North).

In the 1783 Treaty of Versailles, the boundary points of the French Shore were changed to Cape St. John and Cape Ray, as shown in the accompanying map, with France being granted exclusive rights.

In 1904, as a result of the Entente Cordiale, the French relinquished their rights on the French Shore against territorial changes in Africa.

The history of the French Shore is depicted on the French Shore Tapestry, finished in 2010 and now on display in Conche, Newfoundland. It measures 67.4 metres (221 ft) in length.

Cape Ray
Cape Ray is a headland located at the southwestern extremity of the island of Newfoundland in the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

It is the site of the Cape Ray Lighthouse.
It is located opposite Cape North on Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. Cape Ray the community takes its name from this historic landmark.
James Toher
James Toher (born 1993) is an Irish hurler who plays centre back for the Meath senior team.

Born in Trim, County Meath, Toher first arrived on the inter-county scene at the age of sixteen when he first linked up with the Meath minor team before later joining the under-21 side. He made his senior debut during the 2012 league. Toher quickly became a regular member of the starting fifteen and has since won one Christy Ring Cup medal (2016). He captained his side to this historic win, lifting the cup twice in a single month after a controversial scoreline deemed correct by the referee was overturned by the CCC and a replay awarded.

At international level, Toher has played for the composite rules shinty-hurling team, captaining the U21s in 2013 and 2014 and made his senior debut in 2015. At club level, he plays with Trim.

Trim GAA
Trim GAA is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in Trim, in County Meath, Ireland. The club fields  Gaelic football, hurling teams, Camogie teams and Peil na mBan (Ladies' Gaelic football) teams. It competes in Meath GAA competitions.  Trim is known as the home of hurling in Meath and the Meath Senior Hurling Championship final was held there each year until the redevelopment of its facilities meant it was moved to Pairc Tailteann.
Evangelical Lutheran Church in Chile
The Evangelical Lutheran Church in Chile (IELCH; Iglesia Evangélica Luterana en Chile) is a Lutheran denomination in Chile. The church has 2,500 members in 13 parishes. It has been a member of the Lutheran World Federation since 1955 and is also a member of the World Council of Churches and the Latin American Council of Churches. Its president is Bishop Izani Bruch.

Latin American Council of Churches
The Latin American Council of Churches (Consejo Latinoamericano de Iglesias) is a regional ecumenical body with 139 member churches and organizations in 19 countries, representing some two million Christians. The head office of the organization is in Quito, Ecuador. It was founded in 1982.
Swan View Tunnel
The Swan View Tunnel is a former railway tunnel located on the southern side of the Jane Brook valley in the outer Perth suburb of Swan View in the John Forrest National Park on the edge of the Darling Scarp. After its closure as a railway tunnel, it reopened as part of the John Forrest Heritage Trail, a rail trail.

Prior to the construction of tunnels and the sinking of the Subiaco railway station in 1999, the Swan View Tunnel was the only tunnel on the Western Australian railway network.

Jane Brook, Western Australia
Jane Brook is the name of a watercourse and the valley that passes through the Darling Scarp, and which was utilised for the Eastern Railway and subsequently a central part of the John Forrest National Park.
Caramel (City High song)
"Caramel" is a song by American hip hop trio City High, released as the second single from their self-titled debut album (2001). The single, released on September 11, 2001, features American rapper Eve. Produced by Jerry "Wonda" Duplessis, "Caramel" is the group's second-highest charting single, peaking at number 18 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number nine on the Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks chart in January 2002. The track interpolates the song "Silent Treatment" by the Roots.

Jerry Duplessis
Jerry "Wonda" Duplessis (born August 9, 1975) is a Haitian record producer and musician. His first major success came as the producer of the Fugees' 1996 album The Score. He served as the bass guitarist for the group and is the cousin of Wyclef Jean, with whom he has collaborated on multiple projects.
Maasvlakte Light
Maasvlakte Light is an inactive lighthouse in Maasvlakte, an industrial area in the city of Rotterdam, the Netherlands.  At a height of 216 feet (66 m) it is the twelfth-tallest "traditional lighthouse" in the world, as well as the second-tallest concrete lighthouse in the world, and the tallest Dutch lighthouse.

The lighthouse is located behind the dunes and sea dike protecting Europoort, on the south side of the mouth of the Maas. It marks the entrance to the Nieuwe Waterweg.

The light was first lit on September 19, 1974. The lens were transferred from the old Hoek van Holland High Light (the old rear range light) which was decommissioned in 1974. The light was deactivated on October 31, 2008, due to changes in the harbour reducing its usefulness. The radar antenna is still in service.

The tower has 295 steps.

The site is accessible, but the tower is closed to the public.

Europoort
Europoort (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈøːroːpoːrt], English: Eurogate, also "Europort") is an area of the Port of Rotterdam and the adjoining industrial area in the Netherlands. Being situated at Southside of the mouth of the rivers Rhine and Meuse with the hinterland consisting of the Netherlands, Germany, Belgium and partly France, Europoort is one of the world's busiest ports and considered a major entry to Europe. The port handled 12 million containers in 2015.

The Europoort area is very heavily industrialised with petrochemical refineries and storage tanks, bulk iron ore and coal handling as well as container and new motor vehicle terminals.

Europoort is situated on the South bank of the Nieuwe Waterweg, same as the Maasvlakte area. On the Northern bank of the Nieuwe Waterweg one could find Hook of Holland (in Dutch: Hoek van Holland).
Amuro-Baltiysk
Amuro-Baltiysk (Russian: Амуро-Балтийск) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Amuro-Baltiysky Selsoviet of Zeysky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 199 as of 2018. There are 2 streets.

Zeysky District
Zeysky District (Russian: Зе́йский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty in Amur Oblast, Russia. The area of the district is 87,486 square kilometers (33,779 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Zeya (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 16,847 (2010 Census); 20,827 (2002 Census); 42,298 (1989 Soviet census).
Jamaican literature
Jamaican literature is internationally renowned, with the island of Jamaica being the home or birthplace of many important authors. One of the most distinctive aspects of Jamaican literature is its use of the local dialect — a variation of English, the country's official language. Known to Jamaicans as "patois", and now sometimes described as "nation language", this creole has become an important element in Jamaican fiction, poetry and theater.

Notable writers and intellectuals from elsewhere in the Caribbean region studied at the University of the West Indies in Kingston, including St. Lucian Nobel Prize-winner, Derek Walcott, the late Guyanese historian and scholar Walter Rodney, and Grenadian poet and short story writer Merle Collins.

Walter Rodney
Walter Anthony Rodney (23 March 1942 – 13 June 1980) was a Guyanese historian, political activist and academic. His notable works include How Europe Underdeveloped Africa, first published in 1972. He was assassinated in Georgetown, Guyana, in 1980.
Household Name (album)
Household Name is the third studio album by American indie rock band Momma. It was released on July 1, 2022, by Polyvinyl and Lucky Number. The album was produced by Momma multi-instrumentalist Aron Kobayashi Ritch.

Polyvinyl Record Co.
Polyvinyl Record Co. is an American independent record label headquartered in Champaign, Illinois. The label has satellite offices in New York, Austin, and the Bay Area. Polyvinyl has put out over 400 releases to date.

The Polyvinyl roster consists of 30+ active artists including Alvvays, Xiu Xiu, Jeff Rosenstock, Kero Kero Bonito, and Julia Jacklin as well as longtime label signees like of Montreal, American Football, STRFKR, and Rainer Maria. Recent additions to the Polyvinyl family include Jeff Rosenstock, Laura Jane Grace, Anamanaguchi, IAN SWEET, Oceanator, Chris Farren, Squirrel Flower, and Yumi Zouma.
Dunecht estate
The Dunecht Estate is one of the largest private estates in Aberdeenshire, Scotland at 53,000 acres (210 km2).  It is owned by The Hon Charles Anthony Pearson, the younger son of the 3rd Viscount Cowdray.  Dunecht's business interests include farming (in hand and let farms), forestry, field sports, minerals, let houses, commercial lets and tourism.

The main part of the estate lies between Banchory and Westhill, encompassing the village of Dunecht, the Loch of Skene and the stately home of Dunecht House. The estate grounds include a golf course and extensive areas of forestry and farming.

The estate also includes separate areas of land at Birse and Durris on Royal Deeside, Edinglassie in Strathdon and Dunnottar Castle near Stonehaven.

Birse
Birse (Scottish Gaelic: Braois/Breis) is a parish in the Lower Deeside area of Aberdeenshire, Scotland, which includes the communities of Finzean and Ballogie. However the name Birse is often used to refer only to the northwestern part of the parish which lies on the south side of the River Dee, Aberdeenshire, opposite the village of Aboyne.  The south-west part of the parish is a sparsely populated upland area known as the Forest of Birse, which gives its name to one of the houses at Aboyne Academy.
Marian Scott (statistician)
Ethel Marian Scott, OBE, FRSE (born July 1956) is a Scottish statistician, author and academic, specialising in environmental statistics and statistical modelling. She is Professor of Environmental Statistics at the University of Glasgow. She is additionally vice-president (International) of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, and a member of the Scottish Science Advisory Council.

Scottish Science Advisory Council
The Scottish Science Advisory Council is a government organisation that is Scotland's highest level advisory body for science, engineering and technology.

The group of experts provide independent advice to the Scottish Government. Members are appointed by the Cabinet Secretary for Education and Lifelong Learning.
It acts in an advisory role and does not direct any research funding, which comes from the UK Research Councils.
House Mountain (Knox County, Tennessee)
House Mountain is a mountain located in Corryton, Tennessee, United States, about 8 miles (13 km) northeast of Knoxville.  Rising to an elevation of 2,064 feet (629 m) above sea level, House Mountain is the highest point in Knox County.

The House Mountain State Natural Area— designated in 1987— consists of 527 acres (2.13 km2), mostly on the south side of the mountain.  House Mountain is known for its huge sandstone boulders, its wide variety of bird and plant life, and for the views from its two peaks.  On a clear day, the Great Smoky Mountains and the upper Unaka Range are visible to the south and east, the Cumberland Plateau is visible to the west, and Powell Mountain and Clinch Mountain are visible to the north and northeast.

The origin of the mountain's name is unknown, though a local legend suggests early settlers thought the mountain was shaped like the roof of a house.

Powell Mountain
Powell Mountain (or "Powells Mountain") is a mountain ridge of the Ridge-and-valley Appalachians of the Appalachian Mountains. It is a long and narrow ridge, running northeast to southwest, from about Norton, Virginia, to near Tazewell, Tennessee. It separates the Clinch River basin and the Powell River basin of Powell Valley. It was named for an 18th-century explorer.
Brookton to Corrigin railway line
Brookton to Corrigin railway (also known when under construction  in 1913 as the Brookton to Kunjinn railway) was a railway line in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia, between Brookton and Corrigin.

The planning and opening were significant events in the districts affected.

Wheatbelt (Western Australia)
The Wheatbelt is one of nine regions of Western Australia defined as administrative areas for the state's regional development, and a vernacular term for the area converted to agriculture during colonisation. It partially surrounds the Perth metropolitan area, extending north from Perth to the Mid West region, and east to the Goldfields–Esperance region.  It is bordered to the south by the South West and Great Southern regions, and to the west by the Indian Ocean, the Perth metropolitan area, and the Peel region.  Altogether, it has an area of 154,862 square kilometres (59,793 sq mi) (including islands).

The region has 42 local government authorities, with an estimated population of 75,000 residents. The Wheatbelt accounts for approximately three per cent of Western Australia's population.
Prince Imhae
Prince Imhae (Korean: 임해군; Hanja: 臨海君; 20 September 1572 – 3 June 1609; personal name Yi Jin, childhood name Yi Jin-guk), was the eldest son of King Seonjo of Joseon and the elder brother of King Gwanghae. He was known for such a violent and arrogant personality that he murdered some government officials alongside his half brothers, Prince Jeongwon (정원군) and Prince Sunhwa (순화군), but survived punishment thanks to his father's protection.

However, he was passed over for the Crown Prince's role in favour of his younger brother who would eventually take the throne and became King Gwanghae. After being investigated for crimes committed against common people, he was sent into exile to Gyodong County after the Imjin War, then died in 1609.

KBS2
KBS 2TV (Korean: KBS 제2텔레비전) is a South Korean free-to-air television channel launched on 1 December 1980 and owned by Korean Broadcasting System. In contrast to KBS1, the channel specializes primarily in entertainment.
Show Me the Way (Earth, Wind & Fire song)
"Show Me the Way" is a song recorded by the band Earth, Wind & Fire featuring Raphael Saadiq that was released as a single in September 2004 by Sanctuary Records. from their 2005 album Illumination. The single reached No. 16 on the Billboard Adult R&B Songs chart.

Sanctuary Records
Sanctuary Records Group Limited was a record label based in the United Kingdom and is, as of 2013, a subsidiary of BMG Rights Management solely for reissues. Until June 2007, it was the largest independent record label in the UK and the largest music management company in the world. It was also the world's largest independent owner of music intellectual property rights, with over 160,000 songs.
David Fanning (loyalist)
David Fanning (c. 1755 – 14 March 1825) was a Loyalist leader in the American Revolutionary War in North and South Carolina.  Fanning participated in approximately 36 minor engagements and skirmishes, and in 1781, captured the Governor of North Carolina, Thomas Burke, from the temporary capital at Hillsborough.  Additionally, Fanning was captured by Patriot forces 14 times throughout the war, each time escaping or receiving a pardon.  After the British defeat in the war, Fanning fled to what is now Canada, where he was elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1791 to 1801 representing Kings County.  After being convicted of rape in 1801, Fanning was expelled from New Brunswick, and settled in Nova Scotia, where he lived the remainder of his life.

Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick
The Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick (French: Assemblée législative du Nouveau-Brunswick) is the deliberative assembly of the New Brunswick Legislature, in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. The assembly's seat is located in Fredericton. It was established in Saint John de jure when the colony was created in 1784 but came into session only in 1786, following the first elections in late 1785. The legislative assembly was originally the lower house in a bicameral legislature. Its upper house counterpart, the Legislative Council of New Brunswick, was abolished in 1891.  Its members are called "Members of the Legislative Assembly", commonly referred to as "MLAs".
Nordic combined at the 2022 Winter Olympics – Individual large hill/10 km
The individual large hill/10 km competition in Nordic combined at the 2022 Winter Olympics was held on 15 February, at the Kuyangshu Nordic Center and Biathlon Center in Zhangjiakou. Jørgen Graabak of Norway won the gold medal, replicating his 2014 success. Jens Lurås Oftebro, also of Norway, became the silver medalist, his first Olympic medal. Akito Watabe of Japan won bronze.

Johannes Rydzek is the defending champion. The 2018 silver medalist, Fabian Rießle, did not qualify for the Olympics, but the bronze medalist, Eric Frenzel, did. Johannes Lamparter was the overall leader of the 2021–22 FIS Nordic Combined World Cup before the Olympics, followed by Jarl Magnus Riiber and Vinzenz Geiger. Lamparter is also the 2021 World Champion in individual large hill/10 km.

Vinzenz Geiger
Vinzenz Geiger (born 24 July 1997) is a German Nordic combined skier and the 2022 Olympic champion.

He debuted in the World Cup in the 2015–16 season in Lillehammer, Norway in December 2016 finishing 31st in the Large Hill. His first win in the World Cup came in Val di Fiemme, in the 2018–19 season, in January 2019.
Jarred Tinordi
Jarred Michael Tinordi (born February 20, 1992) is an American professional ice hockey defenseman who is currently playing for the Syracuse Crunch of the American Hockey League (AHL). He was selected in the first round, 22nd overall, by the Montreal Canadiens in the 2010 NHL Entry Draft. Tinordi was also drafted in the seventh round (184th overall) by Metallurg Magnitogorsk during the 2010 KHL Junior Draft.

Syracuse Crunch
The Syracuse Crunch are a professional ice hockey team based in Syracuse, New York. They are the American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate of the National Hockey League's Tampa Bay Lightning. They play their home games at the Upstate Medical University Arena.