hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of rail transport in Ireland
The history of rail transport in Ireland began only a decade later than that of Great Britain. By its peak in 1920, Ireland had 3,500 route miles (5,630 km). The current status is less than half that amount, with a large unserviced area around the border area between Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.

Railways on the island of Ireland are run by Iarnród Éireann (Irish Rail) within Ireland and Northern Ireland Railways within Northern Ireland. The two companies jointly operate the island's only cross-border service, the Enterprise, between Dublin and Belfast. The Railway Preservation Society of Ireland based in Whitehead, County Antrim runs preserved steam trains on the main line, with the Irish Traction Group preserving diesel locomotives, and operating on the main line. The Downpatrick and County Down Railway is the only self-contained full-size heritage railway in the island of Ireland.

Railway Preservation Society of Ireland
The Railway Preservation Society of Ireland (RPSI) is a railway preservation group founded in 1964 and operating throughout Ireland. Mainline steam train railtours are operated from Dublin, while short train rides are operated up and down the platform at Whitehead, County Antrim, and as of 2023, the group sometimes operates mainline trains in Northern Ireland using hired-in NIR diesel trains from Belfast. The RPSI has bases in Dublin and Whitehead, with the latter having a museum. The society owns heritage wagons, carriages, steam engines, diesel locomotives and metal-bodied carriages suitable for mainline use.
Ontario Highway 418
King's Highway 418, or simply Highway 418, is a controlled-access highway and former tolled highway in the Canadian province of Ontario. The 400-series highway is 9.2 km (5.7 mi) long, travelling through the Regional Municipality of Durham to connect Highway 401 with the eastern extension of Highway 407. The freeway is located entirely within the Municipality of Clarington near Durham Regional Road 34 (Courtice Road).

The route number was confirmed by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (MTO) alongside Highway 412 on February 6, 2015. Prior to this, it was known as the East Durham Link. Highway 418 opened on December 9, 2019, alongside the extension of Highway 407 to Highways 35 and 115. On April 5, 2022, Highway 418 became toll-free.

Ontario Highway 115
King's Highway 115, commonly referred to as Highway 115, is a provincially maintained highway in the Canadian province of Ontario that connects Peterborough with Toronto via Highway 401. The highway begins at a junction with Highway 401 southwest of Newcastle and ends at an at-grade intersection with Highway 7 east of Peterborough.

Highway 115 is part of the Algonquin Trail and is concurrent with Highway 35 from its southern terminus in Clarington to Enterprise Hill, where it veers towards Peterborough and Highway 35 continues north into the Kawarthas. It is also part of the Trans-Canada Highway from the interchange with Highway 7 south of Springville, Ontario to the northern terminus of the highway. Highway 115 is a freeway northeast of Enterprise Hill and a right-in/right-out (RIRO) expressway south of it, featuring short ramps with abrupt right turns to and from the highway. By January 2010, exit numbers were added to the freeway section north of the Highway 35 concurrency.
Adi Ben-Israel
Adi Ben-Israel (born November 6, 1933) is a  mathematician and an engineer, working in applied mathematics, optimization, statistics, operations research and other areas. He is a professor of Operations Research at Rutgers University, New Jersey.

Applied mathematics
Applied mathematics is the application of mathematical methods by different fields such as physics, engineering, medicine, biology, finance, business, computer science, social science, and industry. Thus, applied mathematics is a combination of mathematical science and specialized knowledge. The term "applied mathematics" also describes the professional specialty in which mathematicians work on practical problems by formulating and studying mathematical models.

In the past, practical applications have motivated the development of mathematical theories, which then became the subject of study in pure mathematics where abstract concepts are studied for their own sake. The activity of applied mathematics is thus intimately connected with research in pure mathematics.
Andle Stone
The Andle Stone is a large gritstone boulder on Stanton Moor in Derbyshire. The stone block is 6m long, 4m high and lies within a low, circular, dry stone wall enclosure. It is covered in cup and ring marks. It is also known as the Oundle Stone, the Anvil Stone or the Twopenny Loaf.

There is a memorial inscription on the west-facing concave face of the boulder, commemorating the Duke of Wellington, Lieutenant Colonel William Thornhill (2nd son of Bache Thornhill of Stanton Hall) and the battles of Assaye and Waterloo. The inscription reads:

The Andle Stone and the nearby Doll Tor stone circle are both on private farmland with no public access rights.

Stanton Moor
Stanton Moor is a small upland area in the Derbyshire Peak District of central northern England, lying between Matlock and Bakewell near the villages of Birchover and Stanton-in-Peak.  It is known for its megaliths – particularly the Nine Ladies stone circle – and for its natural, wind-eroded sandstone pillars. The Peak District Boundary Walk runs across the moor.
Manchester Pride
Manchester Pride is a charity and a limited company that campaigns for LGBTQ+ equality across the United Kingdom, predominantly in Greater Manchester. The Charity offers dialogue, training, research and policy analysis, advocacy and outreach activities focusing on LGBTQ+ rights.

Manchester Pride's headquarters are in Piccadilly, Manchester City Centre. Manchester Pride had a total income of £3,238,817 in the financial year ending 31 December 2021, had 10 employees and used the services of 242 volunteers. . It has sponsorships with companies Virgin Atlantic, TikTok, Starbucks, Marc Jacobs and L'Oreal.

The organisation is managed by a Board of Trustees who are, in turn, Directors of  Manchester Pride Limited and Manchester Pride Events Limited.

In October 2025 it was reported that the organisation was insolvent and about to enter into administration with considerable debts.

Marc Jacobs
Marc Jacobs (born April 9, 1963) is an American fashion designer. He is the head designer for his own fashion label, Marc Jacobs, and formerly Marc by Marc Jacobs, a diffusion line, which was produced for approximately 15 years, before it was discontinued after the 2015 fall/winter collection. At its peak, it had over 200 retail stores in 80 countries. He was the creative director of the French design house Louis Vuitton from 1997 to 2014. Jacobs was on Time magazine's "2010 Time 100" list of the 100 most influential people in the world, and was #14 on Out magazine's 2012 list of "50 Most Powerful Gay Men and Women in America". He married his longtime partner Charly Defrancesco on April 6, 2019.
Glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase
In enzymology, a glucosamine-6-phosphate deaminase (EC 3.5.99.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

D-glucosamine 6-phosphate + H2O  D-fructose 6-phosphate + NH3

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are glucosamine 6-phosphate and H2O, whereas its two products are fructose 6-phosphate and NH3.

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in compounds that have not been otherwise categorized within EC number 3.5.  The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose-6-phosphate aminohydrolase (ketol isomerizing). Other names in common use include glucosaminephosphate isomerase, glucosamine-6-phosphate isomerase, phosphoglucosaminisomerase, glucosamine phosphate deaminase, aminodeoxyglucosephosphate isomerase, and phosphoglucosamine isomerase.  This enzyme participates in aminosugars metabolism.  This enzyme has at least one effector, N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate.

Amino sugar
In organic chemistry, an amino sugar is a sugar molecule in which a hydroxyl group has been replaced with an amine group.  More than 60 amino sugars are known, with one of the most abundant being N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (a 2-amino-2-deoxysugar), which is the main component of chitin.

Derivatives of amine containing sugars, such as N-acetylglucosamine and sialic acid, whose nitrogens are part of more complex functional groups rather than formally being amines, are also considered amino sugars. Aminoglycosides are a class of antimicrobial compounds that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis. These compounds are conjugates of amino sugars and aminocyclitols.
Tomlinson Fort (judge)
Tomlinson Fort (May 8, 1870 – March 9, 1930) was a justice of the New Mexico Supreme Court from September 19, 1924 to December 31, 1924, having not been nominated for reelection.

Born in Georgia, Fort entered the practice of law in 1894, and moved to Roswell, New Mexico in 1912. He served as a city attorney and state legislator, and for three months as a justice of the state supreme court. He was appointed to the court by Governor James F. Hinkle following the early resignation of Justice Sam G. Bratton. Hinkle initially considered appointing one of the candidates and then running for the seat, but decided to appoint Fort so that the selection of a successor would remain up to the voters.

Fort died in Roswell after a lengthy period of poor health, culminating in a month-long serious illness.

New Mexico Supreme Court
The New Mexico Supreme Court (Spanish: Corte Suprema de Nuevo México) is the highest court in the U.S. state of New Mexico. It is established and its powers defined by Article VI of the New Mexico Constitution. It is primarily an appellate court which reviews civil and criminal decisions of New Mexico's trial courts of general jurisdiction and certain specialized legislative courts, only having original jurisdiction in a limited number of actions. It currently resides in the New Mexico Supreme Court Building in Santa Fe.

The court's five justices are chosen by statewide election, or appointed by the governor if to fill a seat that has become vacant mid-term; the justices in turn choose who among them will serve as chief justice. The second time they face popular election, they must first pass review by a judicial standards committee, and then face a retention election in which they must receive at least 57% of the vote.
Kim Seung-kew
Kim Seung-kew (born July 20, 1944), also spelled Kim Seung-gyu, is a South Korean politician, lawyer and jurist who had served as the Minister of Justice from July 2004 to July 2005, and became the Director of the National Intelligence Service on July 5, 2005.

Kim Seung-kew was born in Gwangyang, Zenranan Province, Korea, Empire of Japan. He finished schooling at Suncheon Mesan High School, and graduated from the Seoul National University, Law Department, BL.

Suncheon
Suncheon (Korean: 순천; Korean pronunciation: [sʰun.tɕʰʌn]) is the largest city in South Jeolla Province, South Korea, with a population of 280,719 as of 2022. It is located in the southeast of the province and is a scenic agricultural and industrial city, known for tourist attractions, such as Suncheon Bay. The port city of Yeosu is around forty minutes south of Suncheon and Gwangyang twenty minutes to the east of the city.

It is currently experiencing strong development due to being included as part of the Gwangyang Bay Free Economic Zone, one of three newly created Free Economic Zones (FEZs) in South Korea due to open within the next decade. As of October 14, 2007 plans are being set up and a referendum is being planned for a merging of the cities of Yeosu, Suncheon and Gwangyang into a new metropolitan city, taking advantage of the Gwangyang Bay Free Economic Zone, Yeosu's Expo 2012 bid and port facilities, Suncheon's educational institutes and Gwangyang's POSCO plant.
Beast (V.I.C. album)
Beast is the debut and only studio album by American rapper V.I.C. It was released on September 30, 2008, through Warner Bros. Records and Reprise Records. Recording sessions took place at ColliPark Studio in Atlanta and at Bionic Studios in Milwaukee. Production was handled by Mr. Collipark, the Package Store and Soulja Boy. It features guest appearances from Bun B, E-40, Hurricane Chris, Jermaine Dupri, Polow da Don, Soulja Boy and Unk. The album peaked at number 73 on the Billboard 200, number 12 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart, and number 7 on the Top Rap Albums chart. It was supported by two singles: "Get Silly" and "Wobble", both went charted on Billboard Hot 100 at numbers 29 and 94, respectively.

E-40
Earl Tywone Stevens (born November 15, 1967), better known by his stage name E-40, is an American rapper. Stevens is a founding member of the rap group The Click and the founder of Sick Wid It Records. He has released 27 studio albums to date, appeared on numerous movie soundtracks, and has also done guest appearances on a host of other rap albums. Initially an underground artist, his 1995 solo album In a Major Way opened him up to a wider audience. Beginning in 1998, he began collaborating with mainstream rappers outside the San Francisco Bay Area. He rose to higher mainstream popularity in 2006 with his single "Tell Me When to Go", which was produced by Lil Jon.
Philip Smith Mountains
The Philip Smith Mountains are a mountain range in the Brooks Range within the state of Alaska. They extend from the Sagavanirktok River and North Fork Chandalar River on the southwest to Canning River and East Fork Chandalar River on the northeast.

The range was named in 1950 after Philip Sidney Smith (1877-1949), chief Alaska geologist of the USGS from 1925 to 1946.

The highest point in the range is Accomplishment Peak at 8,045 ft.

Canning River (Alaska)
The Canning River flows through parts of the North Slope in the U.S. state of Alaska. The river begins in the Franklin Mountains of the Brooks Range in the northeastern part of the state. It flows generally north for 125 miles (201 km) through the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge and enters Camden Bay west of Kaktovik on the Beaufort Sea.
2021–22 Scottish League One
The 2021–22 Scottish League One (known as cinch League One for sponsorship reasons) was the ninth season of Scottish League One, the third tier of Scottish football. The season began on 31 July.

Ten teams contested the league: Airdrieonians, Alloa Athletic, Clyde, Cove Rangers, Dumbarton, East Fife, Falkirk, Montrose, Peterhead and Queen's Park.

Dumbarton F.C.
Dumbarton Football Club is a semi-professional football club in Dumbarton, Scotland. Founded on 23 December 1872, they are one of the oldest football clubs in Scotland.

The club plays home games at the Dumbarton Football Stadium next to Dumbarton Castle. They currently play in Scottish League Two.
W. K. Stratton (actor)
Walter Kirk Stratton Jr. (born August 2, 1950) is an American film and television actor born in Front Royal, Virginia. He portrayed Lt. Lawrence Casey in the American television series Black Sheep Squadron. Stratton also played the recurring role of Cmdr. Ted Lindsey in 14 episodes of the American legal drama television series JAG.

Stratton appeared in the 1979 film The Great Santini. Stratton played the role of Lawrence "Larry" Stanton III on three episodes of the science fiction television series Quantum Leap. He also starred in the comedy-drama television series Tequila and Bonetti. Stratton guest-starred in television programs including The Love Boat; The Rockford Files; Airwolf; The Incredible Hulk; The A-Team; Battlestar Galactica; The Rookies; Murder, She Wrote; Tales of the Gold Monkey; Magnum, P.I.; Lou Grant and Hill Street Blues. He also appeared in a few films.

Magnum, P.I.
Magnum, P.I. is an American crime drama television series starring Tom Selleck as Thomas Magnum, a private investigator (P.I.) living in Oahu, Hawaii. The series ran from December 11, 1980, to May 1, 1988, during its first-run broadcast on the American television network CBS.

Magnum, P.I. consistently ranked in the top 20 U.S. television programs in the Nielsen ratings during the first five years of its original run, finishing as high as number three for the 1982–83 season. The series entered syndication in 1986 under the title Magnum in order to differentiate reruns from new episodes still airing under the original title on CBS.

A remake series of the same name was ordered to series on May 11, 2018, and premiered on September 24, 2018, on CBS.
Marco Paoloni
Marco Paoloni (born 21 February 1984) is an Italian former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He served a nine-year suspension from football following his involvement in the 2011 Italian football scandal.

Co-ownership (association football)
Co-ownership is a system whereby two football clubs own the contract of a player jointly, although the player is only registered to play for one club. It is not a universal system, but is used in some countries, including Argentina, Chile and Uruguay. It was formerly commonplace in Italy, though the practice has now been abolished there.

This type of deal differs from third-party ownership, in that in the latter, the player's contract is owned by a non-footballing entity, such as a management company.
2028 in rail transport
This article lists events related to rail transport that are currently scheduled to occur in 2028.  Please be aware that the actual dates on which these events occur may differ substantially from what is shown here.

Tours tramway
The Tours tramway is a tram network which is operated by the city of Tours, in Indre-et-Loire, in the French region of Centre-Val de Loire. Originally opening on 31 Aug 2013, the route is nearly 15 kilometers long and has 29 stations. The tramway is made up of a single line called the A, which connects many major areas of the city, such as Tours station. A second line designated as B is expected to open in 2028.
Kumo to Tulip
Kumo to Tulip (くもとちゅうりっぷ, Kumo to Chūrippu; lit. "Spider and Tulip") is a short animated Japanese film made in 1943 by Kenzo Masaoka. It is a story about a ladybug being chased by a black-faced spider. The spider catches the ladybug, but then it rains, the spider drowns, and the ladybug is freed by a friendly fly.

In 2001, the Japanese magazine Animage elected Kumo to Tulip one of the greatest anime productions of all time.

The short-film was screened at the Locarno Film Festival and the Barbican Centre's Barbican Animation Show.

Kenzō Masaoka
Kenzō Masaoka (政岡 憲三, Masaoka Kenzō; October 5, 1898 – November 23, 1988) was a Japanese animator and voice actor.

Masaoka was the first to use cel animation and recorded sound in anime.  He worked at a number of companies as an animator and actor, and was one of the founders of what became Toei Animation. His work as a special effects artist earned him the title "Japanese Méliès."

He also did work under the pseudonym Donbei Masaoka (正岡 どんべい, Masaoka Donbei).

Famous animators who worked under him include Mitsuyo Seo and Yasuji Mori.
Viktor Blom
Viktor Blom (born 26 September 1990) is a Swedish high-stakes online poker player, best known by the online poker name Isildur1. His rise to fame drew considerable attention around the poker world in late 2009, when he took part in all ten of the largest pots in online poker history.  In December 2010, it was announced that then-anonymous Isildur1 had joined Team PokerStars Pro. Blom's identity was revealed by PokerStars on 8 January 2011, at the PokerStars Caribbean Adventure. Blom parted ways with PokerStars in August 2012 and was quickly signed-up by Full Tilt Poker on 15 October 2012, along with rival high-stakes player Tom Dwan.

PokerNews
PokerNews is a website dedicated to providing poker industry news, live tournament coverage, strategy, player interviews and videos, podcasts, and information on bonuses and freeroll tournaments available at online poker rooms. It is run by iBus Media, whose majority owner is The Stars Group Inc., a Canadian gaming and online gambling company traded on Nasdaq and the Toronto Stock Exchange and headquartered in Toronto.
UEFA Women's Euro 2017 qualifying Group 6
Group 6 of the UEFA Women's Euro 2017 qualifying competition consisted of five teams: Italy, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Northern Ireland, and Georgia. The composition of the eight groups in the qualifying group stage was decided by the draw held on 20 April 2015.

The group was played in home-and-away round-robin format. The group winners qualified directly for the final tournament, while the runners-up also qualified directly if they were one of the six best runners-up among all eight groups (not counting results against the fifth-placed team); otherwise, the runners-up advance to the play-offs.

Italy women's national football team
The Italy women's national football team (Italian: Nazionale di calcio femminile dell'Italia) has represented Italy in international women's football since their inception in 1968. The team is controlled by the Italian Football Federation (FIGC), the governing body for football in Italy.

Formed in 1968, Italy took part in various unofficial international tournaments, hosting the first unofficial European Competition in 1969 and World Cup in 1970. Italy qualified for both the first World Cup in 1991, where they reached the quarter-finals, and the first European Championship. While Italy were runners-up in the European Championship in 1993 and 1997, they are yet to replicate similar success at the World Cup. In 2019, after a 20-year drought, Italy qualified for the World Cup where they equaled their previous best performance, reaching the quarter-finals.
Pecalang
Pecalang (Indonesian pronunciation: [pəˈt͡ʃalaŋ]; pronounced "pechalang"; Balinese script: ᬧ᭄ᬘᬮᬗ᭄) are a type of local, traditional security officers of an administrative village in Bali, Indonesia. They are uniquely present in Bali and usually engage in mundane tasks such as assisting traffic control, but during large, usually religious events, they are tasked with general security. Pecalang work in coordination with other state security and law enforcement agencies, such as the Satpol PP and the police, but they only report to the village head, known as kepala desa. Bali has had hansip and pecalang security bodies for hundreds of years, and these forces traditionally reported to one of the royal families of the historic Bali Kingdoms.

It has been reported that some 22,000 pecalang were deployed for Nyepi celebrations in 2017.

Law enforcement in Indonesia
Law enforcement in Indonesia is mainly performed by the Indonesian National Police (POLRI), together with other law enforcement agencies which are under the president, a certain ministry or State-owned company (BUMN) which perform policing duties for a certain public service, these law enforcement agencies are under supervision and are trained by the Indonesian National Police. The Indonesian National Police is basically the national civilian police force of the country responsible for enforcing law and order of the state.