hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Francis D. Winston
Francis Donnell Winston (October 2, 1857 – January 26, 1941) was a North Carolina politician and judge who served as the tenth Lieutenant Governor of North Carolina from 1905 to 1909 under Governor Robert B. Glenn.

Francis Winston, originally a Republican, became a leading Democrat after objecting to the inclusion of African Americans in the political alliance between his party and the Populists. He helped lead the Democrats' white supremacy campaigns in 1898 —when he was elected to the North Carolina House of Representatives— and in 1900.

North Carolina House of Representatives
The North Carolina House of Representatives is one of the two houses of the North Carolina General Assembly. The House is a 120-member body led by a Speaker of the House, who holds powers similar to those of the President pro-tem in the North Carolina Senate. Representatives serve two-year terms.

The qualifications to be a member of the House are found in the state Constitution: "Each Representative, at the time of his election, shall be a qualified voter of the State, and shall have resided in the district for which he is chosen for one year immediately preceding his election." Elsewhere, the constitution specifies that qualified voters that are 21 are eligible for candidacy except if otherwise disqualified by the constitution, and that no elected officials may deny the existence of God, although the latter provision is no longer enforced.

Prior to the Constitution of 1868, the lower house of the North Carolina Legislature was known as the North Carolina House of Commons.
HbYX motifs
HbYX motif is a short, evolutionarily conserved peptide sequence found at the C‑termini of several proteasome activators. The "Hb" at the beginning of its name denotes a hydrophobic amino acid residue, "Y" indicates tyrosine, while "X" indicates a variable residue terminating with a free carboxylate group. Originally characterized in archaeal systems, the motif plays a central role in allosterically inducing gate opening of the 20S proteasome—thereby enabling regulated substrate entry and degradation. Recent studies in human and yeast proteasomes have revealed subtle differences in sequence preferences, prompting a re‐definition (in some contexts) of the motif as the “YΦ” motif, in which the penultimate tyrosine is strictly conserved and adjacent aromatic residues may be functionally interchangeable.

Protein primary structure
Protein primary structure is the linear sequence of amino acids in a peptide or protein. By convention, the primary structure of a protein is reported starting from the amino-terminal (N) end to the carboxyl-terminal (C) end. Protein biosynthesis is most commonly performed by ribosomes in cells. Peptides can also be synthesized in the laboratory. Protein primary structures can be directly sequenced, or inferred from DNA sequences.
R. C. Bray
R. C. Bray (born July 28, 1977, in Chicago) is an American producer and voice actor known for over 250 audiobooks, an Audie Award, Earphones Awards, and Voice Arts Awards winner, Off-Broadway and Edinburgh Fringe Festival performer, and TV and radio commercial narrator.

Voice Arts Awards
The Voice Arts Awards are awards for artistry and technical merit within the voice-over and voice acting industry. They are presented annually by the Society of Voice Arts and Sciences (SOVAS), in recognition of excellence in voice-over achievements as assessed by a panel of industry peers. Winners are announced at the awards gala held in conjunction with the annual That's Voiceover! Career Expo.

The first Voice Arts Award was presented to Keith David in 2013, and the first full awards ceremony was held in 2014. It is modeled after other American entertainment awards such as the Oscars and the Emmys.
Wiang Subdistrict
Wiang Subdistrict is the name of the following tambon (subdistricts) in Thailand:

Wiang Subdistrict, Fang District, in Chiang Mai Province

Wiang Subdistrict, Phrao District, in Chiang Mai Province

Wiang Subdistrict, Mueang Chiang Rai District, in Chiang Rai Province

Wiang Subdistrict, Chiang Saen District, in Chiang Rai Province

Wiang Subdistrict in Chiang Khong District, Chiang Rai Province

Wiang Subdistrict in Thoeng District, Chiang Rai Province

Wiang Subdistrict in Wiang Pa Pao District, Chiang Rai Province

Wiang Subdistrict in Mueang Phayao District, Phayao Province

Wiang Subdistrict in Chiang Kham District, Phayao Province

Wiang Subdistrict in Chaiya District, Surat Thani Province

Wiang subdistrict, Chiang Saen
Wiang (Thai: ตำบลเวียง อำเภอเชียงแสน) is a village and tambon (subdistrict) of Chiang Saen District, in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. In 2005 it had a population of 10,807 people. The tambon contains 10 villages.

The Golden Triangle tri-point of Myanmar, Laos, and Thailand is found in the village of Ban Sop Ruak in the subdistrict.
Dicarbonyl
In organic chemistry, a dicarbonyl is a molecule containing two carbonyl (C=O) groups. Although this term could refer to any organic compound containing two carbonyl groups, it is used more specifically to describe molecules in which both carbonyls are in close enough proximity that their reactivity is changed, such as 1,2-, 1,3-, and 1,4-dicarbonyls. Their properties often differ from those of monocarbonyls, and so they are usually considered functional groups of their own. These compounds can have symmetrical or unsymmetrical substituents on each carbonyl, and may also be functionally symmetrical (dialdehydes, diketones, diesters, etc.) or unsymmetrical (keto-esters, keto-acids, etc.).

Enol
In organic chemistry, enols are a type of functional group or intermediate in organic chemistry. Formally, enols are derivatives of vinyl alcohol, with a C=C−OH connectivity.  The term enol is an abbreviation of alkenol, a portmanteau deriving from "-ene"/"alkene" and "-ol"/"alcohol".

Keto–enol tautomerism refers to a chemical equilibrium between a "keto" form (a carbonyl, named for the common ketone case) and an enol. The tautomeric interconversion involves hydrogen atom movement and the reorganisation of bonding electrons.

Many kinds of enols are known, but very few are stable compounds.  However, deprotonation of organic carbonyls gives enolate anions, which are important in organic reaction strategies as a strong nucleophile.
Nihei
Nihei (written: 二瓶 or 弐瓶) is a Japanese surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Masanari Nihei (二瓶 正也, born 1940), Japanese actor

Tsubasa Nihei (二瓶 翼, born 1994), Japanese footballer

Tsutomu Nihei (弐瓶 勉, born 1971), Japanese manga artist

Masanari Nihei
Masanari Nihei (二瓶 正也, Nihei Masanari, 9 December 1940 – 21 August 2021) was a Japanese actor. He played Mitsuhiro Ide in Ultraman, having won the role when originally cast actor Susumu Ishikawa left the production.
Double counting (proof technique)
In combinatorics, double counting, also called counting in two ways, is a combinatorial proof technique for showing that two expressions are equal by demonstrating that they are two ways of counting the size of one set. In this technique, which van Lint & Wilson (2001) call "one of the most important tools in combinatorics", one describes a finite set from two perspectives leading to two distinct expressions for the size of the set. Since both expressions equal the size of the same set, they equal each other.

Finite set
In mathematics, a finite set is a collection of finitely many different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects, such as numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, other geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.

Informally, a finite set is a set which one could in principle count and finish counting.  For example,

is a finite set with five elements. The number of elements of a finite set is a natural number (possibly zero) and is called the cardinality (or the cardinal number) of the set. A set that is not a finite set is called an infinite set. For example, the set 

of all positive integers is infinite.

Finite sets are particularly important in combinatorics, the mathematical study of counting. Many arguments involving finite sets rely on the pigeonhole principle, which states that there cannot exist an injective function from a larger finite set to a smaller finite set.
Burgenland Football Association
The Burgenland Football Association (German: Burgenländischer Fussballverband, BFV) is the umbrella organization of the football clubs of the Austrian state Burgenland. The BFV was founded in 1923 and has its headquarters in Eisenstadt.

The BFV is one of 8 regional organizations of the Austrian Football Association (German: Österreichischer Fußball-Bund, ÖFB).

Eisenstadt
Eisenstadt (Austrian German pronunciation: [ˈaɪzn̩ʃtat] ⓘ; Austro-Bavarian: Eisnstod; Hungarian: Kismarton; Croatian: Željezni grad or Željezno; Slovene: Železno) is the capital city of the Austrian state of Burgenland. With a population of 15,074 (as of 2023), it is the smallest state capital and the 38th-largest city in Austria overall. It lies at the foot of the Leitha Mountains hill range.

From 1648 to 1921, Kismarton/Eisenstadt was part of the Habsburg Empire's Kingdom of Hungary and the seat of the Hungarian noble family Eszterházy. During this time, the composer Joseph Haydn lived and worked in Eisenstadt as a court musician under the patronage of the Esterházy family. After the cession of Burgenland to Austria in 1921, the city became the province's capital in 1925. As the state capital of Burgenland, it functions as a center of public administration and services and is the seat of three institutes of higher education.
Higher Authority for Realisation of the Objectives of the Revolution, Political Reform and Democratic Transition
The Higher Authority for Realisation of the Objectives of the Revolution, Political Reform and Democratic Transition 
(Arabic: الهيئة العليا لتحقيق أهداف الثورة والإصلاح السياسي والانتقال الديمقراطي, al-Hay’ah al-‘Ulyā li-Taḥqīq Ahdāf ath-Thawrah wal-Iṣlāḥ as-Siyāsī wal-Intiqāl ad-Dīmuqrāṭī) was a transitional authority in the aftermath of the Tunisian Revolution.

It was created on 15 March 2011 by merging of the Conseil de défense de la révolution and the shortlived Higher Political Reform Commission. Yadh Ben Achour was named president of the authority. Having finished its mission, the authority was dissolved on 13 October 2011.

Yadh Ben Achour
Yadh Ben Achour (Arabic: عياض بن عاشور, also Iyadh Ben Achour, born 1 June 1945) is a Tunisian lawyer, expert on public law and Islamic political theory.  
President of the Higher Political Reform Commission of Tunisia, he is then member of the United Nations Human Rights Committee.
Emperor Rokujō
Emperor Rokujō (六条天皇, Rokujō-tennō; December 28, 1164 – August 23, 1176) was the 79th emperor of Japan, according to the traditional order of succession.  His reign spanned the years from 1165 through 1168.

Daijō-daijin
The Daijō-daijin or Dajō-daijin (太政大臣; "Chancellor of the Realm") was the head of the Daijō-kan (Council of State) during and after the Nara period and briefly under the Meiji Constitution. It was equivalent to the Chinese Tàishī (太師), or Grand Preceptor.
Canelo School
The Canelo School is a historic one-room schoolhouse in eastern Santa Cruz County, Arizona, in the ghost town of Canelo. Opened in 1912, the Canelo School is one of the few one-room adobe schoolhouses remaining in the state. As a rare and well-preserved surviving example of a once common school building type in southern Arizona.  The Canelo School was placed on the National Register of Historic Places on July 31, 1991.

Adobe
Adobe (/əˈdoʊbi/ ⓘ ə-DOH-bee; Spanish: [aˈðoβe]; via Spanish, from Arabic  الطّوب (at-tūb)) is a building material made from loam and organic materials. Adobe is Spanish for mudbrick. In some English-speaking regions of Spanish heritage, such as the Southwestern United States, the term is used to refer to any kind of earthen construction, or various architectural styles like Pueblo Revival or Territorial Revival. Most adobe buildings are similar in appearance to cob and rammed earth buildings. Adobe is among the earliest building materials, and is used throughout the world.

Adobe architecture has been dated to before 5,100 BP.
Acalolepta tincturata
Acalolepta tincturata is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae. It was described by Francis Polkinghorne Pascoe in 1866. It is known from Papua New Guinea and Indonesia. It feeds on Hevea brasiliensis, Pinus patula, Spathodea campanulata, Araucaria cunninghamii, and Plumeria acutifolia.

Plumeria rubra
Plumeria rubra is a deciduous plant species belonging to the genus Plumeria. Originally native to Mexico, Central America, Colombia and Venezuela, it has been widely cultivated in subtropical and tropical climates worldwide and is a popular garden and park plant, as well as being used in temples and cemeteries. It grows as a spreading tree to 7–8 m (23–26 ft) high and wide, and is flushed with fragrant flowers of shades of pink, white and yellow over the summer and autumn.

Its common names include frangipani, red paucipan, red-jasmine, red frangipani, common frangipani, temple tree, calachuchi, or simply plumeria. Despite its common name, the species is not a "true jasmine" and not of the genus Jasminum.
Almost a Woman
Almost a Woman is a 2001 made-for-television film, directed by Betty Kaplan and based on the autobiographical book of the same name by Puerto Rican writer Esmeralda Santiago. The film is about a young woman named Esmeralda and her family who move to New York from a rural area of Puerto Rico. The transition is difficult due to the many challenges she and her family face. It was aired on PBS as part of Masterpiece Theatre's American Collection.

Masterpiece (TV series)
Masterpiece, styled as MASTERPIECE (formerly known as Masterpiece Theatre), is a drama anthology television series produced by WGBH Boston. It premiered on PBS on January 10, 1971. The series has presented numerous acclaimed British productions. Many of these are produced by the BBC, but the lineup has also included programs shown on the UK channels ITV1, Channel 4, and Channel 5.
Aureolaria pectinata
Aureolaria pectinata, commonly called combleaf yellow false foxglove, false foxglove, and comb-leaf oakleach, is a species of plant in the broomrape family that is native to the southeastern United States.

It is an annual plant that produces yellow flowers in the late summer on herbaceous stems. It possesses oppositely arranged, fern-like leaves. It is hemiparasitic, meaning that it gets some of its nutrients from other plants. A. pectinata attaches itself to the roots of oak trees, explaining the common name "oakleach".

Orobanchaceae
Orobanchaceae, the broomrapes, is a family of mostly parasitic plants of the order Lamiales, with about 90 genera and more than 2000 species. Many of these genera (e.g., Pedicularis, Rhinanthus, Striga) were formerly included in the family Scrophulariaceae sensu lato. With its new circumscription, Orobanchaceae forms a distinct, monophyletic family. From a phylogenetic perspective, it is defined as the largest crown clade containing Orobanche major and relatives, but neither Paulownia tomentosa nor Phryma leptostachya nor Mazus japonicus.

The Orobanchaceae are annual herbs or perennial herbs or shrubs, and most (all except Lindenbergia, Rehmannia and Triaenophora) are parasitic on the roots of other plants—either holoparasitic or hemiparasitic (fully or partly parasitic). The holoparasitic species lack chlorophyll and therefore cannot perform photosynthesis.
Walker County Schools
The Walker County Schools is a public school district in Walker County, Georgia, United States, based in LaFayette.

It includes all parts of Walker County that are not in the city limits of Chickamauga. The district includes the communities of Chattanooga Valley, Fairview, Flintstone, LaFayette, Lookout Mountain, and Rossville. It also includes Walker County portions of Fort Oglethorpe and Lakeview.

Fairview, Georgia
Fairview is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Walker County, Georgia, United States. In the 2020 census, the population was 6,409. It is part of the Chattanooga, TN–GA Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Hans Jørgen Walle-Hansen
Hans Jørgen Kåre Strugstad Walle-Hansen (6 April 1912 – 26 November 2012) was a Norwegian businessperson.

He finished his secondary education in 1930 and graduated from Kristiania Commerce School in 1931. After studies in Heidelberg and Munich he took the cand.oecon. degree in 1934. In 1935 he was hired in the family company Brødrene Hansen, where he became partner in 1941.

He was board member of the employers' association Manufakturgrossistenes Landsforening, chair of Oslo Chamber of Commerce and a supervisory council member of Forsikringsselskapet Norden (deputy) and Forsikringsselskapet Viking.

In 2012 he celebrated his 100th birthday.

Examen artium
Examen artium was the name of the academic certification conferred in Denmark and Norway, qualifying the student for admission to university studies. Examen artium was originally introduced as the entrance exam of the University of Copenhagen in 1630. The University of Copenhagen was the only university of Denmark-Norway until The Royal Frederick University in Christiania was founded in 1811.

In Norway, examen artium was formally discontinued after the 1982 class (but the term is still sometimes used informally to denote the diploma from today's videregående skole).
Richard Mills (composer)
Richard John Mills AO FAHA (born 14 November 1949) is an Australian conductor and composer. He was the artistic director of Victorian Opera from 2013-2023, and formerly artistic director of the West Australian Opera and artistic consultant with Orchestra Victoria. He was commissioned by the Victoria State Opera to write his opera Summer of the Seventeenth Doll (1996) and by Opera Australia to write the opera Batavia (2001).

Victoria State Opera
The Victoria State Opera (VSO), based in Melbourne, Australia, was founded in Melbourne in 1962. The company, founded by Leonard Spira, was a move into grand opera by the then amateur Gilbert and Sullivan-oriented Victorian Light Opera Co. The name changed to the Victorian Opera Company in 1964 to reflect the company's broader repertoire.
Dubai Butterfly Garden
The Dubai Butterfly Garden (Arabic: حديقة الفراشات بدبي) is a garden for butterflies located in the Dubailand area, Al Barsha South 3, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. It is the world's largest and the region's first indoor butterfly garden. There are 15 food stations available for the butterflies to be fed on nutrient syrups and fruits like mangoes, pineapple and watermelon.

The garden opened in 2015 and has over 15,000 butterflies from 50 species. It includes a butterfly museum, ten climate-controlled domes at temperature of 24 °C, a Koi fish pond in Dome 2, and an educational area. The garden covers an area of 2,600m2. It is located immediately adjacent to the northeast of the Dubai Miracle Garden, with a separate entrance.

Koi
Koi (Japanese: 鯉; Japanese: [koꜜi], literally 'carp'), or more specifically nishikigoi (錦鯉; Japanese: [ɲiɕi̥kiꜜɡoi], literally 'brocaded carp'), are colored varieties of carp (Cyprinus sp.) that are kept for decorative purposes in outdoor koi ponds or water gardens.

Koi is an informal name for the colored variants of carp kept for ornamental purposes. There are many varieties of ornamental koi, originating from breeding that began in Niigata, Japan, in the early 19th century.

Several varieties are recognized by Japanese breeders and owners, distinguished by coloration, patterning, and scalation. Some of the major colors are white, black, red, orange, yellow, blue, brown and cream, besides metallic shades like gold and silver-white ('platinum') scales. The most popular category of koi is the Gosanke, which is made up of the Kōhaku, Taishō Sanshoku and Shōwa Sanshoku varieties.
William Pattison Telford Jr.
William Pattison Telford (26 November 1867 – 13 March 1955) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Sydenham, Ontario and became a lawyer. His father was William Pattison Telford Sr., another member of Parliament.

From 1901 to 1903, Telford served as a municipal councillor for Owen Sound.

He was first elected to Parliament at the Grey North riding in the 1926 general election after an earlier unsuccessful campaign there in 1921. He was defeated by Victor Clarence Porteous of the Conservatives in the 1930 election. Telford won the riding back from Porteous in the 1935 election, and was elected again in 1940. Telford resigned on 9 December 1944 to provide an available riding for fellow Liberal Andrew McNaughton to seek election, but McNaughton lost the resulting by-election to Conservative candidate W. Garfield Case.

Andrew McNaughton
General Andrew George Latta McNaughton PC CH CB CMG DSO CD (25 February 1887 – 11 July 1966) was a Canadian electrical engineer, scientist, army officer, cabinet minister, and diplomat.

Before the First World War, McNaughton was a professor of engineering at McGill University. During the war he distinguished himself as an officer of the Canadian Expeditionary Force, was wounded twice and was twice awarded the Distinguished Service Order. In the interwar period, McNaughton served as Chief of the General Staff, where he was instrumental in modernizing and mechanizing the Canadian Army.

McNaughton commanded major Canadian field units in the first half of the Second World War and served as the commander of the First Canadian Army until he was relieved in 1943. He then served as Minister of National Defence until the end of the war. During his tenure as Minister, McNaughton was involved in the crisis surrounding the decision to send conscripts, known as "Zombies," for overseas service.
Eldorado Gold
Eldorado Gold Corporation  is a Canadian company that owns and operates gold mines in Turkey, Greece and Canada. Since its merger with European Goldfields in 2011 the company has been pursuing the development of the Skouries mine, Olympias mine and Stratoni mine in Greece. The company previously developed and operated gold mines in China, Brazil and Mexico. Headquartered in Vancouver and listed on the Toronto and New York Stock Exchanges, Eldorado Gold has developed and operated assets from several merged companies HRC Developments Corporation, Afcan Mining Corporation, Sino Gold Mining, Brazauro Resources, Integra Gold, as well as European Goldfields.

Gold mining
Gold mining is the extraction of gold by mining.

Historically, gold mining from alluvial deposits used manual separation processes, such as gold panning. The expansion of gold mining to ores that are below the surface has led to more complex extraction processes such as pit mining and gold cyanidation. In the 20th and 21st centuries, large corporations produce the vast majority of the gold mined. However, as a result of the increasing value of gold, there are also millions of small, artisanal miners in many parts of the Global South.

As with all mining, human rights and environmental issues are important issues in the gold mining industry, and can result in environmental conflict. In mines with less regulation, health and safety risks are much higher.