hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Meuro mine
The Meuro mine was a former open-cast mine located in the state of Brandenburg, Germany that was in operation from 1958 to 1999. It was a source of lignite, often referred to as brown coal, which was used in local factories and power stations. It was one of a number of mines in the Lusatia area which left a massive water debt when the water was pumped out for the operation of the mine. This had to be remediated by the company, Lausitzer und Mitteldeutsche Bergbau-Verwaltungsgesellschaft (LMBV), a state-owned company. The area was flooded and converted into a multi-use recreation and tourism area.

Lignite
Lignite (from Latin  lignum 'wood'), often called brown coal, is a soft, brown, combustible sedimentary rock formed from naturally compressed peat. It has a carbon content around 25–35% and is considered the lowest rank of coal due to its relatively low heat content. When removed from the ground, it contains a very high amount of moisture, which partially explains its low carbon content. Lignite is mined all around the world and is used almost exclusively as a fuel for steam-electric power generation.

Lignite combustion produces less heat for the amount of carbon dioxide and sulfur released than other ranks of coal. As a result, lignite is the most harmful coal to human health. Depending on the source, various toxic heavy metals, including naturally occurring radioactive materials, may be present in lignite and left over in the coal fly ash produced from its combustion, further increasing health risks.
Born & Raised (Joy Denalane album)
Born & Raised is the second studio album by German recording artist Joy Denalane. Her first English-language album, it was released by Nesola Records and Four Music on August 11, 2006 in German-speaking Europe, featuring production by No I.D., Jake One, BAB Gardeat and executive producer Max Herre. American rappers Lupe Fiasco, Raekwon and Governor appear as guest vocalists on the album.

The album was released to universal acclaim. It reached number 2 on the German Albums Chart and entered the top five in Switzerland. In Germany, Born & Raised was eventually certified Gold by the Bundesverband Musikindustrie (BVMI). Denalane's highest-charting record to date, it spawned four singles, including "Let Go", Raekwon-cover "Heaven or Hell", "Sometimes Love" and "Change".

Geographical distribution of German speakers
This article details the geographical distribution of speakers of the German language, regardless of the legislative status within the countries where it is spoken. In addition to the Germanosphere (German: Deutscher Sprachraum) in Europe, German-speaking minorities are present in many other countries and on all six inhabited continents.

Mostly depending on the inclusion or exclusion of certain varieties with a disputed status as separate languages or which were later acknowledged as separate languages (e.g., Low German/Plautdietsch), it is estimated that approximately 90–95 million people speak German as a first language, 10–25 million as a second language, and 75–100 million as a foreign language. This would imply approximately 175–220 million German speakers worldwide.
Ya'akov Nehoshtan
Ya'akov Nehoshtan (Hebrew: יעקב נחושתן; 22 April 1925 – 17 April 2019) was an Israeli politician and diplomat. He served as a member of the Knesset for Gahal between 1969 and 1974 and as ambassador to the Netherlands between 1982 and 1985.

Gahal
Gahal (Hebrew: גח"ל, an acronym for Gush Herut–Liberalim (Hebrew: גוש חרות-ליברלים‎), lit. Freedom–Liberals Bloc) was the main right-leaning political alliance in Israel, ranging from the centre-right to right-wing, from its founding in 1965 until the establishment of Likud in 1973. It was led by Menachem Begin.
The Whistle Only Dogs Can Hear
The Whistle Only Dogs Can Hear is the debut album by the musician Kelly Hogan, released in 1996. Vic Chesnutt said that Hogan's version of his song "Soft Picasso" was his favorite of the many covers of his songs, despite it not appearing on Sweet Relief II: Gravity of the Situation.

Vic Chesnutt
James Victor Chesnutt (November 12, 1964 – December 25, 2009) was an American singer-songwriter from Athens, Georgia. His first album, Little, was released in 1990. His commercial breakthrough came in 1996 with the release of Sweet Relief II: Gravity of the Situation, a charity record of alternative artists covering his songs.

Chesnutt released 17 albums during his career, including two produced by Michael Stipe, and a 1996 release on Capitol Records, About to Choke. His musical style has been described by Bryan Carroll of AllMusic as a "skewed, refracted version of Americana that is haunting, funny, poignant, and occasionally mystical, usually all at once".

Injuries from a 1983 car crash left him partially paralyzed; he used a wheelchair and had limited use of his hands.
Shawn Higbee
Shawn Higbee (born 1970) is an American professional motorcycle racer in the AMA Daytona and Superbike Series.  He also races with the Willow Springs Motorcycle Club (Rosamond, California).

Currently riding as a privateer (a self-financed racer), he rides both the Daytona and Superbike classes on the same, near-stock Buell 1125R.

Motorcycle racing
The motorcycle sport of racing (also called moto racing and motorbike racing) includes motorcycle road racing and off-road racing, both either on circuits or open courses, and track racing. Other categories include hill climbs, drag racing and land speed record trials.
Brompton (Fredericksburg, Virginia)
Brompton, originally known as Marye House, is an historic house located on heights overlooking the town of Fredericksburg, Virginia. The house was built in 1838 by John Lawrence Marye. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in July 1979.

The house sits atop an area of Fredericksburg known as 'Marye's Heights'.
The town was about 400 yards from Brompton and was a Confederate stronghold against repeated Union Army assaults on the slope during the Battle of Fredericksburg (1862–1863). Confederate General James Longstreet maintained his headquarters at Brompton.

Brompton currently serves as the residence of the President of the University of Mary Washington.

University of Mary Washington
University of Mary Washington (UMW) is a public liberal arts university in Fredericksburg, Virginia. Established in 1908 as the State Normal and Industrial School for Women at Fredericksburg, the institution later became known as Fredericksburg Teachers College, and was named Mary Washington College in 1938 after Mary Ball Washington, mother of the first president of the United States, George Washington. The General Assembly of Virginia changed the college's name to University of Mary Washington in 2004 to reflect the addition of graduate and professional programs to the central undergraduate curriculum, as well as the establishment of more than one campus. The university offers more than 60 graduate and undergraduate degree programs in three colleges: Arts and Sciences, Business, and Education.
Renato Dintinosante
Renato Dintinosante (born 24 May 1963) is a former Australian rules footballer who played for Richmond in the Victorian Football League (VFL) in 1987. Originally from Preston, Victoria, he played for the Fitzroy reserves, before moving to Western Australia to play for the Claremont Football Club in the West Australian Football League (WAFL).  He was then recruited by Richmond in 1987 where he played in the final two games of the season.

Claremont Football Club
The Claremont Football Club, nicknamed Tigers, is an Australian rules football club based in Claremont, Western Australia, that currently plays in the West Australian Football League (WAFL) and WAFL Women's (WAFLW). Its official colours are navy blue and gold. Formed as the "Cottesloe Beach Football Club" in 1906, the club entering the WAFL in 1925 as the "Claremont-Cottesloe Football Club"', changing its name to the present in 1935. Claremont have won 12 senior men's premierships since entering the competition, including most recently the 2011 and 2012 premierships.
Sunny (Bobby Hebb song)
"Sunny" is a soul jazz standard written by the American singer and songwriter Bobby Hebb in 1963. It is one of the most performed and recorded popular songs, with hundreds of versions released  (BMI lists "Sunny" No. 25 in its "Top 100 songs of the century".) and its chord progression influencing later songs.

Half-time (music)
In popular music, half-time is a type of meter and tempo that alters the rhythmic feel by essentially doubling the tempo resolution or metric division/level in comparison to common-time. Thus, two measures of 44 approximate a single measure of 88, while a single measure of 4/4 emulates 2/2. Half-time is not to be confused with alla breve or odd time. Though notes usually get the same value relative to the tempo, the way the beats are divided is altered. While much music typically has a backbeat on quarter note (crotchet) beats two and four, half time would increase the interval between backbeats to double, thus making it hit on beats three and seven, or the third beat of each measure (count out of an 8 beat measure (bar), common practice in half time):

Essentially, a half time 'groove' is one that expands one measure over the course of two. The length of each note is doubled while its frequency is halved.
Dzūkija
Dzūkija (Lithuanian: [dzuːkʲˈjɐ]) or Dainava is one of five ethnographic regions of Lithuania. Dzūkija is a cultural region defined by traditional lifestyles and dialects of the local Lithuanian population (mostly rural farmers) and has never been defined as a political or administrative unit. Traditionally, Alytus is regarded as the capital of the region and largest city. Although Vilnius is surrounded by Dzūkija, the city itself is not considered as a part of any ethnographic region in most cases.

Trakai Voivodeship
Trakai Voivodeship, Trakai Palatinate, or Troki Voivodeship (Latin: Palatinatus Trocensis, Lithuanian: Trakų vaivadija, Polish: Województwo trockie), was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania from 1413 until 1795.
Five Day Lover
Five Day Lover (French: L'Amant de cinq jours) is a 1961 French sex comedy film directed and co-written by Philippe de Broca, starring Jean Seberg and Micheline Presle. It is based on the 1959 novel L'amant de cinq jours by Françoise Parturier. The film was entered into the 11th Berlin International Film Festival and nominated for the Golden Bear.

Jean-Pierre Cassel
Jean-Pierre Cassel (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ pjɛʁ kasɛl]; born Jean-Pierre Crochon; 27 October 1932 – 19 April 2007) was a French actor and dancer. A popular star of French cinema, he was initially known for his comedy film appearances, though he also proved a gifted dramatic actor, and accrued over 200 film and television credits in a career spanning over 50 years.

He worked with many notable directors, including Luis Buñuel, Abel Gance, Jean Renoir, Claude Chabrol, Sidney Lumet, Joseph Losey, Chantal Akerman and Robert Altman. He was nominated for a César Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance in La Cérémonie (1995).

Cassel was also the father of actor Vincent Cassel, actress/singer Cécile Cassel, and rapper Mathias Cassel.
Isabelle Flory
Isabelle Flory (born 1951) is a French violinist.

She was a student of Yehudi Menuhin, Joseph Gingold, and Henryk Szeryng.  She has won numerous prizes, including the Jacques Thibaud International competition in 1971 and the Carl Flesch International competition in 1977.

She studied three years in Moscow and two years at the Guildhall School of Music in London.

Back in Paris, she founded the Ensemble Arpeggione and, six years later, the Arpeggione Quartet.

Josef Gingold
Josef Gingold (Russian: Иосиф Меерович Гингольд, romanized: Iosif Meyerovich Gingol'd; October 28 [O.S. October 15] 1909 – January 11, 1995) was a Russian and American classical violinist and teacher who lived most of his life in the United States. At the time of his death he was considered one of the most influential violin masters in the United States, with many successful students.
Eka Gigauri
Eka Gigauri (Georgian: ეკა გიგაური; born 14 April 1978) is a Georgian civil society leader and human rights advocate. Since 2010 she has served as Executive Director of Transparency International Georgia, and has previously held roles on the Global Board of Directors of Transparency International.

She studied International Relations at Tbilisi State University, earned an MBA at the Caucasus School of Business, and an LLM in International Law from Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. She also completed executive programmes at Stanford University’s CDDRL, and an executive course at Harvard Business School.

Human rights in Georgia
Human rights in Georgia are guaranteed by the country's constitution. There is an independent human rights Public Defender of Georgia elected by the parliament to ensure such rights are enforced. However, it has been alleged by Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, the United States Department of State and the Georgian opposition that these rights are often breached.

In addition, around 20% of the territory of what was the Georgian SSR is in dispute (seen as occupied in the view of the Georgian government in Tbilisi, and by many other countries); there have been frequent allegations of human rights abuses in these territories of Abkhazia and South Ossetia as well.
1917 Western Australian state election
Elections were held in the state of Western Australia on 29 September 1917 to elect 50 members to the Western Australian Legislative Assembly. The Nationalist-Country-National Labor coalition, led by Premier Sir Henry Lefroy, retained government against the Labor Party led by Opposition Leader Philip Collier. The election followed a series of major changes in the Western Australian political landscape.

Western Australian Legislative Assembly
The Western Australian Legislative Assembly, or lower house, is one of the two chambers of the Parliament of Western Australia, an Australian state. The Parliament sits in Parliament House in the Western Australian capital, Perth.

The Legislative Assembly today has 59 members, elected for four-year terms from single-member electoral districts.  Members are elected using the preferential voting system. As with all other Australian states and territories, voting is compulsory for all Australian citizens over the legal voting age of 18.
Der Alkoholismus
Der Alkoholismus: Einführung in ein soziales Problem (English: The Alcoholism: Introduction to a Social Problem) is a 1908 book published by Austrian Catholic sociologist Anton Orel (1881-1959). Its goal was to reduce alcohol consumption and bring attention to the Alkoholfrage (English: The alcohol question). The book contains 25 sections that deal with different alcohol issues, ranging from the explanation of the alcohol question, to an elucidation of the alcohol's devastating health consequences and to the general economic impact of alcohol in the 20th century. Orel primarily aims to establish an abstinence movement against the existing drinking customs in order to save society from the devastating consequences. He frequently quotes experts' opinions on health and economic consequences in order to underline his statements. He particularly appeals to the youth as representing the basis for the planned revolutionary movement against the widespread alcoholism.

Youth
Youth is the time of life when one is young. The word, youth, can also mean the time between childhood and adulthood (maturity), but it can also refer to one's peak, in terms of health or the period of life known as being a young adult. Youth is also defined as "the appearance, freshness, vigor, spirit, etc., characteristic of one, who is young". Its definitions of a specific age range varies, as youth is not defined chronologically as a stage that can be tied to specific age ranges; nor can its end point be linked to specific activities, such as taking unpaid work, or having sexual relations.

Youth is an experience that may shape an individual's level of dependency, which can be marked in various ways according to different cultural perspectives. Personal experience is marked by an individual's cultural norms or traditions, while a youth's level of dependency means the extent to which they still rely on their family emotionally and economically.
Bilton (surname)
Bilton is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alan Bilton, British academic and novelist

Caroline Bilton (born 1976), British television presenter

Belle Bilton (1866–1906), music hall actress

Flo Bilton (1921–2004), English association football coach and administrator

Greg Bilton (born 1965), Lieutenant-General in the Australian Army

James Bilton (1908–1988), Canadian politician

John Bilton, English football coach and former player

Michael Bilton (1919–1993), British actor

Nick Bilton, British non-fiction author

Caroline Bilton
Caroline Bilton (born Caroline Davis on 3 February 1976 in Anlaby, Humberside), in 2007 was a British television presenter and stand-in anchor of the BBC regional news programme Look North, broadcast from Hull to the East Riding of Yorkshire and Lincolnshire when Peter Levy was on leave.
Tang Yanhe
Tang Yanhe a Han chinese, was born Gansu, China. He commanded an army of Chinese Muslim soldiers along with Dong Fuxiang, and used them to crush the Muslim Rebellion of 1895.

In Xunhua, Qinghai, masses of Hui, Dongxiang, Baoan, and Salars were incited to revolt against the Qing by the Multicoloured Mosque leader Ma Yonglin. Soldiers were ordered to destroy the rebels by Brigadier General Tang Yanhe. Tang was joined by loyalist Muslim troops to fight the rebel Muslims. The Muslim officers Ma Fuxiang, Ma Fulu, Ma Anliang, and Ma Guoliang served under Tang, and fought against the rebels at Jishi pass. When Tang's forces were defeated at Shuangcheng the Ma brothers fled south with him. They then massacred the rebel Muslims at Hezhou.

Salar people
The Salar people are a Turkic ethnic minority in China who speak Salar, a Turkic language of the Oghuz sub-branch. They numbered 165,159 people in 2020, according to that year's national census.

The Salars live mostly in the Qinghai–Gansu border region, on both sides of the Yellow River, namely in Xunhua Salar Autonomous County and Hualong Hui Autonomous County of Qinghai and the adjacent Jishishan Bonan, Dongxiang and Salar Autonomous County of Gansu. There are also Salars in some parts of Henan and Shanxi, as well as in northern Xinjiang, in the Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture. They are a patriarchal agricultural society and predominantly Muslim.
Koshō
A koshō (小姓) was a type of samurai position, serving at the side of a military commander and handling various miscellaneous duties. The term originates from the homophone "扈従" (meaning a person who accompanies a noble), and can also be written as "小性".

Homophone
A homophone (/ˈhɒməfoʊn, ˈhoʊmə-/) is a word that is pronounced the same as another word but differs in meaning or in spelling. The two words may be spelled the same, for example rose (flower) and rose (past tense of "rise"), or spelled differently, as in rain, reign, and rein. The term homophone sometimes applies to units longer or shorter than words, for example a phrase, letter, or groups of letters which are pronounced the same as a counterpart. Any unit with this property is said to be homophonous (/həˈmɒfənəs/).

Homophones that are spelled the same are both homographs and homonyms. For example, the word read, in "He is well read" and in "Yesterday, I read that book".

Homophones that are spelled differently are also called heterographs, e.g. to, too, and two.
Herbert Hoover High School (Iowa)
Herbert Hoover High School, usually referred to simply as Hoover High School or Hoover, is a public secondary school located on the Northwest side of Des Moines, Iowa.

It is one of five secondary schools under the district of the Des Moines Independent Community School District, and was named after Iowa native and the 31st United States president Herbert Hoover. The school's athletic teams are called the Huskies and compete in the Iowa Alliance Conference. In 2017, Hoover High reached half a century of existence.

Iowa High School Speech Association
The Iowa High School Speech Association (IHSSA) consists of member high schools from four districts in Iowa, United States, and offers three categories of competition: debate, large group, and individual events. At the end of each of the three contests, the Cooley Sweepstakes Trophy is awarded.  To get to the all-state speech tournament, one must first proceed from the district and state tournaments.  At Districts for speech, there is one judge (except for One Act Play, which has 3 judges) who issues ratings and every team or individual who receives a "I" goes on.  At State (there are four "state" tournaments) there are three judges, and two out of three must not only give a "I" rating, but also give a recommendation.
11th Marine Artillery Regiment
The 11th Marine Artillery Regiment (France) (French: 11e Régiment d'Artillerie de Marine, 11e RAMa) is an artillery regiment of the French Army. The regiment constitutes the fire support unit of the 9th Marine Infantry Brigade. The regiment employs around 950 men, fielding TRF1 155mm howitzers and MO-120-RT-61 120mm mortars. The regiment was founded in a third operational phase in 1951.

Combat
Combat is a purposeful violent conflict between multiple combatants with the intent to harm the opposition. Combat may be armed (using weapons) or unarmed (not using weapons). Combat is resorted to either as a method of self-defense or to impose one's will upon others. An instance of combat can be a standalone confrontation or part of a wider conflict, and its scale can range from a fight between individuals to a war between organized groups. Combat may also be benign and recreational, as in the cases of combat sports and mock combat.

Combat may comply with, or be in violation of, local or international laws regarding conflict. Examples of rules include the Geneva Conventions (covering the treatment of people in war), medieval chivalry, the Marquess of Queensberry Rules (covering boxing), and the individual rulesets of various combat sports.
Meritzer Williams
Meritzer Williams (born 1 January 1989) is a Saint Kitts and Nevis sprinter who specializes in the 200 metres. She was born in Charlestown.

Her personal best times are 11.57 seconds in the 100 metres, achieved in May 2008 in Provo; and 22.96 seconds in the 200 metres, achieved in June 2008 in Basseterre.

Basseterre
Basseterre (/bæsˈtɛər/; Saint Kitts Creole: Bastear) is the capital and largest city of Saint Kitts and Nevis with an estimated population of 14,000 in 2018. Geographically, the Basseterre port is located at 17°18′N 62°44′W﻿ / ﻿17.300°N 62.733°W﻿ / 17.300; -62.733, on the south-western coast of Saint Kitts Island, and it is one of the chief commercial depots of the Leeward Islands. The city lies within Saint George Basseterre Parish.

Basseterre is one of the oldest towns in the Eastern Caribbean.
Albert Louppe
Jules Albert Louppe (6 June 1856 – 5 July 1927) was a French explosives engineer who became a politician.    The Plougastel Bridge, or Albert-Louppe Bridge, near Brest in north-western France, is named after him.

Finistère
Finistère (/ˌfɪnɪˈstɛər/; French: [finistɛʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Penn-ar-Bed [ˌpɛnarˈbeːt]) is a department of France in the extreme west of Brittany. Its prefecture is Quimper and its largest city is Brest. In 2019, it had a population of 915,090.
Cranbrook, Bellevue Hill
Cranbrook is a large house in the Sydney suburb of Rose Bay, New South Wales, Australia. Built in 1859 as a private residence, the house was used as an official residence for the Governor of New South Wales and Governor-General of Australia, and is now part of Cranbrook School.

Rose Bay, New South Wales
Rose Bay is a harbourside eastern suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Rose Bay is located seven kilometres east of the Sydney central business district, in the local government areas of Municipality of Woollahra (on its western side towards the bay) and Waverley Council (east of Old South Head Road).