hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tuxentius hesperis
Tuxentius hesperis, the western pie, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in South Africa, where it is only known from Groblershoop and Vioolsdrif and along the banks of the Orange River in the Northern Cape.

The wingspan is 18–22 mm for males and 20–23 mm for females. Adults are on wing year-round, but are most common from October to December.

The larvae feed on Ziziphus mucronata.

Ziziphus mucronata
Ziziphus mucronata, known as the buffalo thorn, is a species of tree in the family Rhamnaceae, native to southern Africa. It is deciduous and may grow up to 17 metres tall. It can survive in a variety of soil types, occurring in many habitats, mostly open woodlands, often on soils deposited by rivers, and grows frequently on termite mounds. Its Zulu name “umLahlankosi” alludes to its use as a grave marker for tribal chiefs, while the Afrikaans name “Blinkblaar-wag-'n-bietjie” alludes to the shiny light green leaves and the hooked thorns.
M. R. Seetharam
M. R. Seetharam is an Indian politician, entrepreneur, educationist and philanthropist from the state of Karnataka. He was nominated as a member of Legislative Council in 2012. He was the Minister for Planning, Statistics, Science and Technology in the Congress state Government.

He is also the Vice-Chairman of Gokula Education Foundation and Director of M.S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology, M.S. Ramaiah Polytechnic and M.S. Ramaiah Hostels.

M.R. Seetharam has worked towards preserving the parks and lung spaces in his constituency. He has also implemented the Government's Self Employment Schemes like Antyodaya, Akshara Dasoha and Yeshaswini Co-operate Health Schemes.

Tumkur
Tumkur, officially Tumakuru, is a city and the headquarters of Tumkur district in Karnataka state, India. It is known for the Siddaganga Matha Lingayat monastery. Tumkur hosts India's first mega food park, a project of the ministry of food processing. The India Food Park was inaugurated by Prime Minister of India in September 2014. It is also included in the Smart Cities Mission list and is among the 100 smart cities to be developed in India. Since 28 August 2010, Tumkur has been accorded the status of a city corporation.

Tumkur is an emerging industrial hub in India, and has a large upcoming industrial corridor as well as a Japanese township. A new International stadium is expected to be completed in Tumkur by 2028, where international cricket tournaments can be hosted. The Green Line of the Bengaluru Namma Metro extension is planned to connect with Tumkur after 2030.
Valley Rangers F.C.
Valley Rangers Football Club is a Northern Irish intermediate football club based in Kilkeel, County Down, playing in Intermediate Division A of the Mid-Ulster Football League. The club was founded in 1973. Club colours are blue, white and red.

The club, which is associated with the Mid-Ulster Football Association, participates in the Irish Cup.

Mid-Ulster Football League
The Daily Mirror Mid-Ulster Football League, or simply referred to as the Mid-Ulster League, is an association football league in Northern Ireland. The league is overseen by the Mid-Ulster Football Association. It contains 9 divisions. These comprise two intermediate sections: the Intermediate A and Intermediate B divisions; three junior sections: Division 1, Division 2 and Division 3; and four reserve sections: Reserve 1, Reserve 2 and Reserve 3 and Reserve 4. The current champions are Crewe United.
Ultimatum of July 23, 1914
The ultimatum of July 23, 1914, was a diplomatic note delivered by the Austro-Hungarian ambassador in Belgrade to the Serbian Minister of Finance. The issuance of the ultimatum is widely seen as an immediate precursor to the outbreak of World War I in August 1914. The note was Austria-Hungary's response to the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand by Serbia-aligned perpetrators the previous month, following weeks of deliberation.

The text was meticulously constructed to be unacceptable to the Serbian government, thereby ensuring its rejection and thus adding to Austria-Hungary's casus belli. Serbia's response was dismissed by the Austro-Hungarian government.

An agreement between Austria-Hungary and its principal ally, the German Empire, had been reached as early as July 7 (see July crisis).

Kovin
Kovin (Serbian Cyrillic: Ковин, Hungarian: Kevevára) is a town and municipality located in the South Banat District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. The town has a population of 11,623, while the municipality has 28,141 inhabitants (2022 census).
Epamera
Epamera is a genus-group of butterflies in the family Lycaenidae first described by Hamilton Herbert Druce in 1891. Most authorities consider Epamera to be a subgenus of Iolaus. The species of Epamera are found in the Afrotropical realm.

Hamilton Herbert Druce
Hamilton Herbert Charles James Druce (26 October 1866 – 21 June 1922) was an English entomologist who specialised in Lycaenidae and to a lesser extent Hesperiidae. He is not to be confused with his father, the English entomologist Herbert Druce (1846–1913) who also worked on Lepidoptera.

H. H. Druce was a Fellow of the Zoological Society of London and of the Entomological Society of London.

The H. H. Druce collection was sold to James John Joicey and is now in the Natural History Museum in London.
Andrea Armstrong (lawyer)
Andrea Armstrong (born 1976 or 1977) is an American legal scholar writing on the topic of incarceration law. She is the Dr. Norman C. Francis Distinguished Professor of Law at the Loyola University New Orleans College of Law. In 2023, she was named a MacArthur Fellow.

Loyola University New Orleans College of Law
Loyola University New Orleans College of Law is a private law school in New Orleans, Louisiana, affiliated with Loyola University New Orleans. Loyola's law school opened in 1914 and is now located on the Broadway Campus of the university in the historic Audubon Park District of the city. The College of Law is one of fourteen Jesuit law schools in the United States. It is also one of the few law schools in the nation to offer curricula in both Civil Law and Common Law. The school releases several academic journals, most notable of which is the Loyola Law Review.
Barrabool Hills
The Barrabool Hills are a small region in south-Western Victoria, on the western outskirts of Geelong. The National Trust of Australia describes the hills as being a "distinctive upland ridge located to the west of Geelong, on the south side of the Barwon River", that "slope steeply on the northern side down to the Barwon River, and more gently southward to the coastal lowland." The area stretches roughly through the modern localities of Gnarwarre, Barrabool and Ceres, and straddles the intersection of the City of Greater Geelong, Surf Coast Shire and Golden Plains Shire.

Golden Plains Shire
The Golden Plains Shire is a local government area in Victoria, Australia, located in the central-western part of the state. It covers an area of 2,703 square kilometres (1,044 sq mi) and in June 2018, had a population of 23,120. It includes the towns of Bannockburn, Inverleigh, Lethbridge, Linton, Meredith, Rokewood, Smythesdale and  Teesdale.

The Shire is governed and administered by the Golden Plains Shire Council. Its seat of local government and administrative centre is located at the Golden Plains Civic Centre in Bannockburn, and it also has a service centre located in Smythesdale.
Rescue squad
A rescue squad is an emergency service that provides technical rescue services, and may additionally provide emergency medical services and firefighting services. Rescue squads may be standalone organizations or an integrated part of fire departments or emergency medical services.

A rescue squad provides basic life support or advanced life support to critically ill or injured patients, typically operating from ambulances, squad trucks, nontransporting EMS vehicles, or aircraft. They may also operate from heavy rescue vehicles or rescue boats.

Depending on the requirements and scope of the rescue squad, the staff of such agencies may possess certification as emergency medical responder, emergency medical technician, firefighter, search and rescue certifications and training, or other  specific technical rescue certifications and specialties.

Emergency medical technician
An emergency medical technician (EMT) is a medical professional that provides emergency medical services. EMTs are most commonly found serving on ambulances and in fire departments in the US and Canada, as full-time and some part-time departments require their firefighters to at least be EMT certified.

EMTs are often employed by public ambulance services, municipal EMS agencies, governments, hospitals, and fire departments. Some EMTs are paid employees, while others (particularly those in rural areas) are volunteers. EMTs provide medical care under a set of protocols, which are typically written by a physician.

EMTs often work alongside other EMS professionals such as paramedics, who receive additional training and are granted a greater scope of practice.
Adrian Sitaru
Adrian Sitaru (Romanian pronunciation: [adriˈan siˈtaru]) is a Romanian director, producer and actor, born in 1971. He is the author of several short films, of which Valuri ("Waves", 2007), the most well-known, has received numerous prizes.

Sitaru also worked with Costa Gavras in the making of Amen. (2002)

His first feature film, Pescuit sportiv for which, besides being the director, he also wrote the script, has been screened in film festivals from Toronto, Palm Springs, Estoril and in the main competition of the 2009 Premiers Plans Festival in Angers, France.

In 2010, his short film, Colivia ("The Cage") won the DAAD Short Film Award at the 60th Berlin International Film Festival (Berlinale).

Amen.
Amen. is a 2002 historical war drama film directed and co-written by Costa-Gavras. Based on the play The Deputy by Rolf Hochhuth, the film examines the political and diplomatic relationship between the Vatican and Nazi Germany during World War II. It stars Ulrich Tukur, Mathieu Kassovitz, Sebastian Koch, Ulrich Mühe, Ion Caramitru, and Marcel Iureş. It was a co-production between French, German, and Romanian studios.

The film premiered at the 52nd Berlin International Film Festival, where it was nominated for the Golden Bear. It was nominated for seven César Awards, including for Best Film and Best Director, and won the award for Best Original Screenplay or Adaptation (Costa-Gavras and Jean-Claude Grumberg).
Ospedaletti
Ospedaletti (Ligurian: Spiareti) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Imperia in the Italian region of Liguria, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) southwest of Genoa and about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southwest of Imperia.

Ospedaletti borders the following municipalities: Bordighera, Sanremo, Seborga, and Vallebona.

Seborga
Seborga (Ligurian: A Seborca/A Seburca) is a small village in the Italian region of Liguria near the French border. Administratively, it is a comune of the Italian province of Imperia, but since 1963 it has also been claimed as the Principality of Seborga, an unrecognized micronation. The main economic activities are horticulture and tourism. The population is 283 as of 2025. It is on the register of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Building at 1316 Maple Avenue
The Building at 1316 Maple Avenue is a historic apartment building at 1316 Maple Avenue in Evanston, Illinois. The three-story cream brick building was built in 1928. Architect Edward M. Sieja designed the building in the Tudor Revival style. The building's design includes limestone quoins, projecting bays, casement windows, and a parapet at the roof. The building's lobby features wooden ceiling beams and a mosaic tile floor, giving it the appearance of a castle's great hall.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 15, 1984.

Quoin
Quoins (/kɔɪn/ or /kwɔɪn/) are masonry blocks at the corner of a wall. Some are structural, providing strength for a wall made with inferior stone or rubble, while others merely add aesthetic detail to a corner. According to one 19th-century encyclopedia, these imply strength, permanence, and expense, all reinforcing the onlooker's sense of a structure's presence.

Stone quoins are used on stone or brick buildings. Brick quoins may appear on brick buildings, extending from the facing brickwork in such a way as to give the appearance of generally uniformly cut ashlar blocks of stone larger than the bricks. Where quoins are decorative and non-load-bearing a wider variety of materials is used, including timber, stucco, or other cement render.
2019 Women's County Championship
The 2019 Women's County One-Day Championship was the 23rd cricket Women's County Championship season. It ran from late April to the beginning of June and saw 32 county teams and teams representing Scotland, Wales and the Netherlands compete in a series of divisions. Kent Women won the County Championship as winners of the top division with Yorkshire finishing runners-up. This is the record eighth Championship for Kent.

The tournament was followed by the 2019 Women's Twenty20 Cup and then by the 2019 Women's Cricket Super League, a professional tournament competed for by franchise teams.

Wales women's national cricket team
The Wales women's cricket team is the Welsh team for women's cricket. They play their home matches at various grounds across the country, including Spytty Park, Newport and Pontarddulais Park, Pontarddulais. They are captained by Lauren Parfitt.

As in men's cricket, Wales does not normally compete as a separate country internationally, instead being represented as part of the England team, but in 2005 they played in the European Championship tournament as it was being held in Wales. They finished in third place in the tournament.

The team regularly participate in the English domestic county structure, and in 2019 they competed in Division Two of the final season of the Women's County Championship. They now compete in the Women's Twenty20 Cup. They are partnered with the regional side Western Storm.
Garden High School
Garden High School is a private, English-medium, co-educational school in Kasba, Kolkata, West Bengal, India. It was established in 2000 by the Satikanta Guha Foundation.

It is affiliated to the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations (CISCE), New Delhi, for the ICSE (Class X) and ISC (Class XII) examinations.

Indian Certificate of Secondary Education
The Indian Certificate of Secondary Education (ICSE) is an academic qualification awarded by the Council for the Indian School Certificate Examinations, a private, non-governmental board of education in India. The CISCE conducts these examinations to assess students' performance in a course of general education, offered through the medium of English, and aligned with the recommendations of the New Education Policy 2020. The board facilitates these examinations for affiliated schools across various states and union territories, ensuring standardized evaluation and representation.
Tobias Andersson (footballer)
Tobias Carl Mikael Andersson (born 18 February 1994) is a Swedish footballer who plays as a forward for Gnosjö IF. He has previously represented IFK Värnamo, Östers IF, and Kalmar FF as a goalkeeper on Superettan and Allsvenskan level.

Superettan
Superettan (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈsʉ̂ːpɛrˌɛtːan]; lit. 'the Super First (Division)') is an association football league and the second highest league in the league system of Swedish men's football. Contested by 16 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with Allsvenskan and Division 1. Seasons run from April to October, with teams playing 30 matches each, totalling 240 matches in the season.

The league was created in 2000. The second tier of Swedish football had previously consisted of a varying number of regionalized leagues operating under the Division 2 (1924–1986) and Division 1 (1987–1999) names.
Joseph Haygood Blodgett
Joseph Haygood Blodgett (1858–1934), usually referred to as J. H. Blodgett, was a contractor and architect, living and working in Jacksonville, Florida, during the early twentieth century. He was African American.

General contractor
A contractor (North American English) or builder (British English), is responsible for the day-to-day oversight of a construction site, management of vendors and trades, and the communication of information to all involved parties throughout the course of a building project.

In the United States, a contractor may be a sole proprietor managing a project and performing labor or carpentry work, have a small staff, or may be a very large company managing billion dollar projects. Some builders build new homes, some are remodelers, some are developers.
Capers (name)
Capers is both a surname and a given name. Notable people with the name include:

Surname:

Dom Capers (born 1950), American football coach

Ellison Capers (1837–1908), American school teacher

Jean Murrell Capers (1913–2017), American judge

Legrand G. Capers (1834–1877), American physician

Virginia Capers (1925–2004), Tony Award-winning American actress

Wayne Capers (born 1961), former professional American football player

Given name:

Capers Funnye (born 1952) Jewish African-American rabbi

Capers Jones, American specialist in software engineering methodologies

Capers Jones
T. Capers Jones is an American specialist in software engineering methodologies and measurement. He is often associated with the function point model of cost estimation. He is the author of thirteen books.

He was born in St Petersburg, Florida, United States and graduated from the University of Florida, having majored in English. He later became the President and CEO of Capers Jones & Associates and latterly Chief Scientist Emeritus of Software Productivity Research (SPR).

In 2011, he co-founded Namcook Analytics LLC, where he is Vice President and Chief Technology Officer (CTO).

He formed his own business in 1984, Software Productivity Research, after holding positions at IBM and ITT. After retiring from Software Productivity Research in 2000, he remains active as an independent management consultant.

He is a Distinguished Advisor to the Consortium for IT Software Quality (CISQ).
Teddy Reig
Theodore Samuel Reig (November 23, 1918 – September 29, 1984) was a self-described "jazz hustler" who worked as a record producer, A&R man, promoter, and artist manager from the 1940s through the 1970s.  As a record producer, he captured the work of dozens of jazz innovators. He also influenced rhythm and blues, rock and roll, and Latin music.

In 1945, Reig produced the first recordings led by the jazz saxophonist Charlie Parker. "Had he done nothing else," said Reig biographer Edward Berger, "this accomplishment alone would have ensured his place in history. But he continued to document the development of the new music through his work with a whole range of seminal artists."

Johnny Smith
Johnny Henry Smith II (June 25, 1922 – June 11, 2013) was an American cool jazz and mainstream jazz guitarist. He wrote "Walk, Don't Run" in 1954. In 1984, Smith was inducted into the Alabama Jazz Hall of Fame.
Thomas Nicoll (cricketer, born 1798)
Thomas Nicoll (born 1 July 1798 at Hendon, Middlesex; died 15 January 1883 at Shenley, Hertfordshire) was an English amateur cricketer who played from 1817 to 1835. He was mainly associated with Hampshire and with Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC), of which he was a member. He made 28 known appearances.

Hampshire county cricket team (pre-1864)
Until 1863, the Hampshire county cricket team, always known as Hampshire, was organised by individual patrons and other groups, particularly the Hambledon Club in the second half of the 18th century. It played important matches from the early 18th century until the formation of Hampshire County Cricket Club on 12 August 1863.
Chaim Kanievsky
Shemaryahu Yosef Chaim Kanievsky (Hebrew: שמריהו יוסף חיים קַניֶבסקִי; January 8, 1928 – March 18, 2022) was an Israeli Haredi rabbi and posek. He was a leading authority in Haredi Jewish society on legal and ethical practice. Known as the Gadol HaDor ("greatest of his generation") and the "Prince of Torah", much of his prominence came through Torah education and advice about Jewish law.

Though Kanievsky held no formal community-wide post, he was the de facto head of the Litvak community of Haredi Judaism, revered as a consummate scholar of Jewish law and tradition, with unimpeachable rulings.

Chazal
Chazal or Ḥazal (Hebrew: חז״ל) are the Jewish sages of the Mishnaic and Talmudic eras, spanning from the final 300 years of the Second Temple period until the 7th century, or c. 250 BCE – c. 625 CE. Their authority was mostly in the field of Halakha (Jewish law) and less regarding Jewish theology.
1938 Homestead Grays season
The 1938 Homestead Grays baseball team represented the Homestead Grays in the Negro National League (NNL) during the 1938 baseball season. The team compiled a 56–14 (.800) record and won the NNL pennant for the second straight year.

The team featured three players who were later inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame: catcher Josh Gibson, first baseman Buck Leonard, and pitcher Ray Brown.

The team's leading batters were:

Buck Leonard - .420 batting average, .740 slugging percentage, 9 home runs, and 53 RBIs in 42 games

Josh Gibson - .370 batting average, .721 slugging percentage, 13 home runs, and 54 RBIs in 46 games

The team's leading pitchers were Ray Brown (14–0, 1.88 ERA) and Edsall Walker (10–0, 3.01 ERA).

Homestead Grays
The Homestead Grays (also known as Washington Grays or Washington Homestead Grays) were a professional baseball team that played in the Negro leagues in the United States.

The team was formed in 1912 by Cumberland Posey, and remained in continuous operation for 38 seasons. The team was originally based in Homestead, Pennsylvania, adjacent to Pittsburgh.  By the 1920s, with increasing popularity in the Pittsburgh region, the team retained the name "Homestead" but crossed the Monongahela River to play all home games in Pittsburgh, at the Pittsburgh Pirates' home Forbes Field and the Pittsburgh Crawfords' home Greenlee Field.

From 1940 until 1942, the Grays played half of their home games in Washington, D.C., while remaining in Pittsburgh for all other home stands. As attendance at their games in the nation's capital grew, by 1943, the Grays were playing more than two-thirds of their home games in Washington.
Battle of Karuse
The Battle of Karuse or Battle on the Ice was fought on 16 February 1270 between the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Livonian Order on the frozen Baltic Sea between the island of Muhu and the mainland. The Lithuanians achieved a decisive victory. The battle, named after the village of Karuse, was the fifth-largest defeat of the Livonian or Teutonic Orders in the 13th century. Almost all that is known about the battle comes from the Livonian Rhymed Chronicle, which devoted 192 lines to the battle.

Semigallia
Semigallia is one of the Historical Latvian Lands located to the south of the Daugava and to the north of the Saule region of Samogitia. The territory is split between Latvia and Lithuania, previously inhabited by the Semigallian Baltic tribe. They are noted for their long resistance (1219–1290) against the German crusaders and Teutonic Knights during the Northern Crusades. Semigallians had close linguistic and cultural ties with Samogitians.