hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1 − 2 + 4 − 8 + ⋯
In mathematics, 1 − 2 + 4 − 8 + ⋯ is the infinite series whose terms are the successive powers of two with alternating signs. As a geometric series, it is characterized by its first term, 1, and its common ratio, −2.

As a series of real numbers, it diverges. So in the usual sense it has no sum. In a much broader sense, the series is associated with the value ⁠1/3⁠, which is the result of applying various summation methods to the series, as well as the limit of the series using the 2-adic metric.

Power of two
A power of two is a number of the form 2n where n is an integer, that is, the result of exponentiation with number two as the base and integer n as the exponent. In the fast-growing hierarchy, 2n is exactly equal to . In the Hardy hierarchy, 2n is exactly equal to .

Powers of two with non-negative exponents are integers: 20 = 1, 21 = 2, and 2n is two multiplied by itself n times. The first ten powers of 2 for non-negative values of n are:

1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, ... (sequence A000079 in the OEIS)

By comparison, powers of two with negative exponents are fractions: for positive integer n, 2−n is one half multiplied by itself n times. Thus the first few negative powers of 2 are ⁠1/2⁠, ⁠1/4⁠, ⁠1/8⁠, ⁠1/16⁠, etc. Sometimes these are called inverse powers of two because each is the multiplicative inverse of a positive power of two.
Gualaco
Gualaco is a municipality in the north of the Honduran department of Olancho, west of San Esteban, north of Santa Maria del Real and east of Guata.

Gualaco is served by Jicalapa Airport, a grass airstrip 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) southeast of town.

Departments of Honduras
Honduras is divided into 18 departments (Spanish: departamentos). Each department is headed by a governor, who is appointed by the President of Honduras. The governor represents the executive branch in the region in addition to acting as intermediary between municipalities and various national authorities; resolves issues arising between municipalities; oversees the penitentiaries and prisons in his department; and regularly works with the various Secretaries of State that form the President's Cabinet. To be eligible for appointment as a governor, the individual must: a) live for five consecutive years in the department; b) be Honduran; c) be older than 18 years of age and; d) know how to read and write.
Sharon Lodge No. 28 IOOF
Sharon Lodge No. 28 IOOF is a historic Independent Order of Odd Fellows clubhouse located at Parkersburg, Wood County, West Virginia.  It was designed and built in 1897, by noted West Virginia architect H. Rus Warne (1872-1954).  It is a five-story, masonry building in an eclectic Romanesque Revival style. It features a deep Chateauesque hip roof, fronted by two stepped gable parapets.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Wood County, West Virginia
Wood County is a county in the U.S. state of West Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 84,296, making it West Virginia's fifth-most populous county. Its county seat is Parkersburg. The county was formed in 1798 from the western part of Harrison County and named for James Wood, governor of Virginia from 1796 to 1799.

Wood County is part of the Parkersburg-Vienna, WV Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Simple public-key infrastructure
Simple public key infrastructure (SPKI, pronounced spoo-key) was an attempt to overcome the complexity of traditional X.509 public key infrastructure.  It was specified in two Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) Request for Comments (RFC) specifications – RFC 2692 and RFC 2693 – from the IETF SPKI working group. These two RFCs never passed the "experimental" maturity level of the IETF's RFC status. The SPKI specification defined an authorization certificate format, providing for the delineation of privileges, rights or other such attributes (called authorizations) and binding them to a public key.  In 1996, SPKI was merged with Simple Distributed Security Infrastructure (SDSI, pronounced sudsy) by Ron Rivest and Butler Lampson.

Internet Engineering Task Force
The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is a standards organization for the Internet responsible for the technical standards of the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP). It has no formal membership roster or requirements and all its participants are volunteers. Their work is usually funded by employers or other sponsors.

The IETF was initially supported by the federal government of the United States but since 1993 has operated under the auspices of the Internet Society, an American non-profit organization with local chapters around the world.
Ngoc Thanh Nguyen
Nguyễn Ngọc Thành is a Vietnamese informatician at the Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland, and is the head of Department of Applied Informatics in the Faculty of Computer Science and Telecommunication Technology. In 2009, he was elected an ACM Distinguished Member.

Wrocław University of Science and Technology
Wrocław University of Science and Technology (Polish: Politechnika Wrocławska) is a technological university in Wrocław, Poland. With buildings and infrastructures dispersed throughout the city, its main facilities are gathered at a central location near Plac Grunwaldzki, alongside the Oder river. It operates three regional branches in Jelenia Góra, Legnica, and Wałbrzych. Huffington Post UK named Wrocław University of Science and Technology in the top 15 of the World’s Most Beautiful Universities Rankings.
2021 Mutua Madrid Open – Men's doubles
Marcel Granollers and Horacio Zeballos defeated Nikola Mektić and Mate Pavić in the final, 1–6, 6–3, [10–8], to win the men's doubles tennis title at the 2021 Madrid Open. It was the third-seeded duo's third ATP Tour Masters 1000 doubles title together. Mektić and Pavić were contending to be the first doubles team in five years to win a season's first three Masters 1000 events.

Jean-Julien Rojer and Horia Tecău were the defending champions from when the tournament was last held in 2019, though they returned to defend their title with different partners. Rojer partnered with Marcelo Melo but lost in the second round to Tim Pütz and Alexander Zverev. Tecău partnered with Kevin Krawietz and lost to Ivan Dodig and Filip Polášek, also in the second round.

Pavić and Robert Farah were in contention for the ATP No. 1 doubles ranking at the start of the tournament. Pavić retained the top ranking after Farah lost in the second round.

Nikola Mektić
Nikola Mektić (born 24 December 1988) is a Croatian professional tennis player who is a former world No. 1 in doubles.

He is a two-time Grand Slam champion, having won the 2021 Wimbledon Championships in men's doubles partnering compatriot Mate Pavić, and the 2020 Australian Open with Barbora Krejčíková in mixed doubles. Mektić also finished runner-up at the 2020 US Open with Wesley Koolhof and at the 2022 Wimbledon Championships with Pavić in men's doubles, and the 2018 US Open with Alicja Rosolska in mixed doubles.

He became world No. 1 in men's doubles in October 2021, the second Croatian to reach this ranking. Mektić has won 33 doubles titles on the ATP Tour, including 10 at Masters 1000 level with five different partners. He also won the 2020 ATP Finals with Koolhof. In singles, he reached his highest ranking of world No. 213 in May 2013. Mektić was part of the Croatian team which won the 2018 Davis Cup, and won men's doubles gold at the 2020 Olympic Games alongside Pavić.
PSMD10
26S proteasome non-ATPase regulatory subunit 10 or gankyrin is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PSMD10 gene. First isolated in 1998 by Tanaka et al.; Gankyrin is an oncoprotein that is a component of the 19S regulatory cap of the proteasome. Structurally, it contains a 33-amino acid ankyrin repeat that forms a series of alpha helices. It plays a key role in regulating the cell cycle via protein-protein interactions with the cyclin-dependent kinase CDK4. It also binds closely to the E3 ubiquitin ligase MDM2, which is a regulator of the degradation of p53 and retinoblastoma protein, both transcription factors involved in tumor suppression and found mutated in many cancers. Gankyrin also has an anti-apoptotic effect and is overexpressed in certain types of tumor cells such as hepatocellular carcinoma.

Alpha helix
An alpha helix (or α-helix) is a sequence of amino acids in a protein that are twisted into a coil (a helix).

The alpha helix is the most common structural arrangement in the secondary structure of proteins. It is also the most extreme type of local structure, and it is the local structure that is most easily predicted from a sequence of amino acids.

The alpha helix has a right-handed helix conformation in which every backbone N−H group hydrogen bonds to the backbone C=O group of the amino acid that is four residues earlier in the protein sequence.
Vila de Rei
Vila de Rei (European Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈvilɐ ðɨ ˈʁɐj] ⓘ; "Royal City") is a municipality in the district of Castelo Branco in Portugal. The population in 2011 was 3,452, in an area of 191.55 km2.

A small municipality covered with pinewoods, located precisely at the centre of Portugal, as marked by the Picoto da Melriça, a monument indicating the geodesic centre of Mainland Portugal. In addition, the site offers a spectacular panoramic view over a vast territory and includes a small Geodesy Museum.

The present mayor is Ricardo Jorge Martins Aires, elected by the Social Democratic Party. The municipal holiday is September 19.

Continental Portugal
Continental Portugal (Portuguese: Portugal continental, IPA: [puɾtuˈɣal kõtinẽˈtal]) or mainland Portugal comprises the bulk of the Portuguese Republic, namely that part on the Iberian Peninsula and so in continental Europe, having approximately 95% of the total population and 96.6% of the country's land. Mainland Portugal is therefore commonly called by residents of the Portuguese archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira the continent (Portuguese: o continente) in all respects including minor elements of combined governance from Lisbon, the country's capital. Before 1975, when the Portuguese territory also stretched to several now-independent states in Africa, the designation metropole (Portuguese: metrópole) was also used.
Kazakhs in Russia
In Russia, the Kazakh population lives in the regions bordering Kazakhstan. The 2010 Russian census recorded 647,732 Kazakhs living mostly in the Astrakhan Oblast, Volgograd Oblast, Samara Oblast, Orenburg Oblast, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Kurgan Oblast, Tyumen Oblast, Omsk Oblast, Novosibirsk Oblast and Altai Krai regions. During the 1920s significant numbers of Kazakh families were left outside the designated Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic; after the end of the Soviet Union in 1991, they acquired Russian citizenship and many moved to major Russian cities such as the capital Moscow and St. Petersburg.

Tyumen Oblast
Tyumen Oblast (Russian: Тюме́нская о́бласть, romanized: Tyumenskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia. It is located in Western Siberia, and is administratively part of the Ural Federal District. The oblast has administrative jurisdiction over two autonomous okrugs: the Khanty-Mansi and Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The oblast, including its autonomous okrugs, is the third-largest federal subject by area, and has a population of 3,395,755 (2010).

Tyumen is the largest city and the administrative center of the oblast, and the first Russian city in Siberia.

Tyumen Oblast is the largest producer of oil and natural gas in the country, and has experienced an oil boom since the early 2000s. The rapid growth of the fuel industry has made the oblast by far the richest federal subject of Russia, with an average GDP per capita several times the national average since 2006.
Hillsdale, Louisiana
Hillsdale is an unincorporated community in St. Helena Parish, Louisiana, United States. The community is located less than 4 miles (6.4 kilometres) northeast of Montpelier, 6 miles (9.7 kilometres) southeast of Greensburg and 6 miles (9.7 kilometres) west of Amite City.

Greensburg, Louisiana
Greensburg is a town in, and the parish seat of, St. Helena Parish, Louisiana, United States. The population was 629 in 2020. It is part of the Baton Rouge metropolitan statistical area.

Greensburg is one of the oldest towns in Louisiana. It has two 19th-century properties listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the old land office and the old parish jail.
Ahmed Salah Hosny
Ahmed Salah Mohamed Hosni Hassan (Arabic: أحمد صلاح محمد حسني حسن; born 11 July 1979) is an Egyptian retired professional footballer who played as a striker. He turned to acting in 2012, after he composed songs for Mohamed Hamaki and others in 2011. He appeared in TV Shows that includes Kalabsh, Al Fetewa, and Hawary Bucharest.

Mohamed Hamaki
Mohamed Ibrahim Mohamed El Hamaki (Arabic: محمد إبراهيم محمد الحماقي [mæˈħæm.mæd ebɾɑˈhiːm elˈħæˈmæːʔi]; born 4 November 1975) is an Egyptian singer. In 2010, he won the "Best Arabia Act" award from MTV Europe Music Awards and the Music Award in 2006, for "Ahla Haga Fiki". He was a coach at the fifth season of The Voice Ahla Sawt in 2019.
Kiehimänjoki
Kiehimänjoki is a river of Finland. It flows for 16 kilometres (10 mi). The river begins from lake Iijärvi in Paltamo in Kainuu region and ends to the lake Oulujärvi, from which the waters flow through the Oulujoki River into the Gulf of Bothnia. The river drains a chain of lakes that originates in the municipalities of Suomussalmi and Hyrynsalmi in Kainuu (Finnish: Hyrynsalmen reitti).

Paltamo
Paltamo (Swedish: Paltamo, also Paldamo) is a municipality of Finland. It is part of the Kainuu region. The municipality has a population of 2,972
(30 June 2025) and covers an area of 1,139.12 square kilometres (439.82 sq mi) of
which 220.23 km2 (85.03 sq mi)
is water. The population density is
3.23 inhabitants per square kilometre (8.4/sq mi). There are two built-up areas in the municipality: Kontiomäki and Paltamo. Kontiomäki has about 600 inhabitants.

It is 37 kilometres (23 mi) from Paltamo to Kajaani and 145 kilometres (90 mi) to Oulu.

The municipality is unilingually Finnish.
Felix Ibru
Felix Ovudoroye Ibru (7 December 1935 – 12 March 2016) was a Nigerian businessman, architect and politician. He was the first democratically elected Governor of Delta State and Senator for Delta Central Senatorial District. Until his death he held the position of President General of the Urhobo Progressive Union (UPU).
As a traditional chieftain of his homeland, Ibru bore the tribal honorific Olorogun and often used it as a pre-nominal style. This title is also borne by the members of his large family in the same way.

Delta Central senatorial district
Delta Central senatorial district in Delta State, Nigeria covers 8 local governments which include Ethiope East, Ethiope West, Sapele, Okpe, Ughelli North, Ughelli South, Udu and Uvwie. The headquarters (collation centre) of Delta Central senatorial district is Udu. Deputy President of the 9th Senate, Ovie Omo –Agege is from Delta Central senatorial district. He is  a member of the All Progressives Congress.
Ghana men's national field hockey team
The Ghana men's national field hockey team represents Ghana in men's international field hockey competitions and is controlled by the Ghana Hockey Association, the governing body for field hockey in Ghana.

Ghana is ranked at 36 according to FIH Rankings (as of June 2019).

FIH Men's World Ranking
The FIH Men's World Ranking is a ranking system for men's national teams in field hockey. The teams of the member nations of International Hockey Federation (FIH), field hockey's world governing body, are ranked based on their game results and performance. The rankings were introduced in October 2003.
Abdallah Ishak
Abdallah Ishak (Arabic: عبد الله إسحق) was a Lebanese Armenian Catholic politician. Ishak hailed from the pre-1915 Armenian diaspora in Lebanon. In 1929 he defeated Ayoub Tabet and was elected to the Lebanese Parliament from the Beirut Minorities seat with the support from Maronite and Armenian groups. He was the first Armenian parliamentarian in Lebanon.

Ishak contested elections again in 1934, standing on the list of Abdallah Yafi. With 5,148 votes he finished in the first place amongst the Minorities candidates in the first round of voting. But in the second round he was defeated by the pro-government candidate Ayoub Tabet. Official results gave Ishak 2,082 votes.

Armenian Catholic Church
The Armenian Catholic Church is an Eastern Catholic particular church sui iuris of the Catholic Church. It accepts the leadership of the bishop of Rome, and is therefore in full communion with the universal Catholic Church, including the Latin Church and the 22 other Eastern Catholic Churches. The Armenian Catholic Church is regulated by Eastern canon law, summed up in the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches.

The head of the sui iuris Armenian Catholic Church is the Armenian Catholic patriarch of Cilicia, whose main cathedral and de facto archiepiscopal see is the Cathedral of Saint Elias and Saint Gregory the Illuminator, in Beirut, Lebanon.

Armenian Caritas is the official aid organization of the Catholic Church in Armenia.
Haven Lake
Haven Lake is a mill pond formed by an antiquated dam across the source of the Mispillion River in the U.S. state of Delaware.  It is located in the city of Milford, where U.S. Route 113 serves as a major highway.  Haven Lake is west of U.S. Route 113. The route crosses the Mispillion River, which defines the boundary between Sussex and Kent Counties. Haven Lake is adjacent to Silver Lake.

Mispillion River
The Mispillion River is a river flowing to Delaware Bay in southern Delaware in the United States. It is approximately 15 miles (24 km) long and drains an area of 76 square miles (200 km2) on the Atlantic Coastal Plain.

It rises in northern Sussex County, approximately 3 miles (4.8 km) southwest of Milford, and flows generally east-northeastwardly, defining the boundary between Sussex and Kent counties; it passes through the center of Milford on its course to its mouth at Delaware Bay, 16 miles (26 km) northwest of Cape Henlopen.  The lower 12 miles (19 km) of the river are considered by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers to be navigable.

A boardwalk known as the Mispillion Riverwalk follows the river in Milford.  As of 2003, an effort was underway to preserve a greenway along the river upstream and downstream of Milford.
Natalie Harp
Natalie Joy Harp is an American political aide and former television presenter who has served as the executive assistant to the president since 2025.

Harp graduated from Point Loma Nazarene University and from Liberty University in 2015 with an MBA. In 2019, she rose to prominence on Fox News after praising president Donald Trump for signing into law a federal right-to-try law that she claimed allowed her to access experimental treatments, saving her life. Trump invited Harp to serve as a member of the advisory board for his 2020 presidential campaign and to speak at the 2020 Republican National Convention. Harp worked for One America News Network, a far-right television channel, from 2020 to 2022. She later became an aide for Trump, exerting influence over his communications.

In January 2025, Trump named Harp as his executive assistant to the president.

Jacqueline Alemany
Jacqueline Michele Alemany (born February 24, 1989) is an American journalist and political reporter, who is an anchor for MS NOW. She was previously a congressional correspondent for The Washington Post and authored the early-morning newsletter Power Up, and covered policy issues including the opioid crisis. In 2021, she was appointed as the anchor of The Early 202, a political newsletter of The Washington Post.
Himmel Park
Himmel Park is a 24.3-acre (9.8 ha) urban park in central Tucson, Arizona. The park's facilities include the Himmel Park Branch Library, a grass amphitheater, two playgrounds, a swimming pool, eight lighted tennis courts, and a multipurpose grass playing field area large enough to accommodate four full-size soccer fields.

The park is three blocks from east to west by two-and-a-half blocks from north to south.  It is bounded by Tucson Boulevard to the west, 1st Street to the north, and Treat Avenue to the east.  Its southern boundary is a half-block north of 3rd Street.

Amphitheatre
An amphitheatre  (American English: amphitheater) is an open-air venue used for entertainment, performances, and sports. The term derives from the ancient Greek ἀμφιθέατρον (amphitheatron), from ἀμφί (amphi), meaning "on both sides" or "around" and θέατρον (théātron), meaning "place for viewing".

Ancient Greek theatres were typically built on hillsides and semi-circular in design. The first amphitheatre may have been built at Pompeii around 70 BC. Ancient Roman amphitheatres were oval or circular in plan, with seating tiers that surrounded the central performance area, like a modern open-air stadium. In contrast, both ancient Greek and ancient Roman theatres were built in a semicircle, with tiered seating rising on one side of the performance area.

Modern English parlance uses "amphitheatre" for any structure with sloping seating, including theatre-style stages with spectator seating on only one side, theatres in the round, and stadia. They can be indoor or outdoor.
Suchacz
Suchacz [ˈsuxat͡ʂ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Tolkmicko, within Elbląg County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south-west of Tolkmicko, 22 km (14 mi) north of Elbląg, and 89 km (55 mi) north-west of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Prussian Confederation
The Prussian Confederation (German: Preußischer Bund, Polish: Związek Pruski) was an organization formed on 21 February 1440 at Marienwerder (present-day Kwidzyn) by a group of 53 nobles and clergy and 19 cities in Prussia, to oppose the arbitrariness of the Teutonic Knights. It was based on an earlier similar organization, the Lizard Union established in 1397 by the nobles of Chełmno Land.

In 1454, the leader of the Confederation, Johannes von Baysen (Jan Bażyński), formally asked King Casimir IV Jagiellon, to incorporate Prussia into the Kingdom of Poland. This marked the beginning of the Thirteen Years' War between the Order's State and Poland, with the cities co-financing the military costs of the latter.
Harald Furre
Harald Furre (born 18 June 1964) is a Norwegian economist, CEO of the analyst firm Oxford Research AS in Kristiansand and politician for the Conservative Party (Norway).

Furre has an MBA from the Norwegian Business School (BI) of Oslo and has specialized postgraduate studies at the London Business School and Harvard Business School. Furre has held numerous board positions in business and politics. Furre was a member of Kristiansand City Council 1991–1999. He was the Conservative mayor candidate in Kristiansand at the municipal elections in 2015.

After a clarification by the cooperating parties after the election (2015), Harald Furre took office as the mayor of Kristiansand after Arvid Grundekjøn. He was mayor of Kristiansand 2015–2019. On 24 January 2020 Furre was appointed  State Secretary in the Ministry of Local Government and Modernization of Norway.

Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development
The Royal Norwegian Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development (Norwegian: Kommunal- og distriktsdepartementet, KDD) is a Norwegian ministry established in 1948. It is responsible for housing and building, regional and rural policy, municipal and county administration and finances, and the conduct of elections. It is headed by the Minister of Local Government and Regional Development.

During the Solberg government, the ministry was called the Ministry of Local Government and Modernisation. This was created by merging the ongoing ministry with the Ministry of Government Administration, Reform and Church Affairs and the planning department in the Ministry of the Environment. The ministry adopted its current name on 1 January 2022.