hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Peoples' United Revolutionary Movement
The Peoples' United Revolutionary Movement or HBDH (Turkish: Halkların Birleşik Devrim Hareketi) is a far-left self-declared alliance of ten mostly Kurdish leftist, revolutionary socialist, and communist organizations in Turkey. The alliance was declared on March 12, 2016, with the goal of overthrowing the elected Turkish government. Since then, it has claimed responsibility for several attacks on security personnel  in Turkey.

Far-left politics
Far-left politics are politics further to the left on the political spectrum than the standard political left. In certain instances, far-left has been associated with various forms of authoritarianism, anarchism, communism, and Marxism, or are characterised as groups that advocate for revolutionary socialism and related communist ideologies, or anti-capitalism and anti-globalisation. Far-left terrorism consists of extremist, militant, or insurgent groups that attempt to realise their ideals through political violence rather than using democratic processes.
Head pull
Head pull is an Inuit game where two people lie belly-down on the ground, pull each other’s heads, and try to move the opponent across a line.
 The game is played with a leather loop placed around the competitors’ heads as they face each other. The loop is placed above the ears, and the game becomes more difficult the higher the loop is placed. The winner is the one who first pulls their opponent across the line, or if the loop slips off their opponent’s head. It is an example of an Inuit game that requires little space, such as in small huts.

Also, the competitors may face each other with their legs interlocked and pull their heads backwards until one of the competitors bends forward or gives up. This game is traditionally males only.

It tends to be one of the more popular and competitive games during the Arctic Winter Games.

In 2011, Canadian Governor General David Johnston participated in a head pull competition.

Head
A head is the part of an organism which usually includes the ears, brain, forehead, cheeks, chin, eyes, nose, and mouth, each of which aid in various sensory functions such as sight, hearing, smell, and taste. Some very simple animals may not have a head, but many bilaterally symmetric forms do, regardless of size.

Heads develop in animals by an evolutionary trend known as cephalization. In bilaterally symmetrical animals, nervous tissue concentrate at the anterior region, forming structures responsible for information processing. Through biological evolution, sense organs and feeding structures also concentrate into the anterior region; these collectively form the head.
Bud Smith (Saskatchewan politician)
Arthur Leslie "Bud" Smith (June 14, 1919 – November 11, 2002) was a Canadian politician in the province of Saskatchewan.  He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan for the constituency of Moose Jaw South in the 1982 general election, which resulted in a Progressive Conservative government under Premier Grant Devine.

Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan
The Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan (French: Assemblée législative de la Saskatchewan) is the legislative chamber of the Saskatchewan Legislature in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Saskatchewan, in the name of the King of Canada. The assembly meets at the Saskatchewan Legislative Building in Regina.

There are 61 constituencies in the province, which elect members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). All are single-member districts, though the cities of Regina, Saskatoon and Moose Jaw were in the past represented through multi-member districts, with members elected through block voting.

The legislature has been unicameral since its establishment; there has never been a provincial upper house.

The 30th Saskatchewan Legislature was elected at the 2024 Saskatchewan general election.
Callcup, Western Australia
Callcup is a rural locality of the Shire of Manjimup in the South West region of Western Australia, on the coastline of the Southern Ocean. The Warren River forms much of the north-western boundary of the locality and its mouth is just on the other side of the border in Yeagarup. The south-western part of the locality is predominantly covered by the D'Entrecasteaux National Park while, in the north-east, parts of the Greater Hawke National Park are located.

Callcup is located on the traditional land of the Bibulman people of the Noongar nation.

The heritage listed Callcup Stock Route started at Callcup and finished at Nannup. It was last used in the late 1950s. The locality and road were regularly involved in roadworks in the 1940s and early 1950s.

Stock route
A stock route, also known as travelling stock route (TSR), is an authorised thoroughfare for the walking of domestic livestock such as sheep or cattle from one location to another in Australia. The stock routes across the country are colloquially known as The Long Paddock or Long Paddock.

A travelling stock route may often be distinguished from an ordinary country road by the fact that the grassy verges on either side of the road are very much wider, and the property fences being set back much further from the roadside than is usual, or open stretches of unfenced land. The reason for this is so that the livestock may feed on the vegetation that grows on the verges as they travel, especially in times of drought.

The rugged remote stock route that follows the Guy Fawkes River through Guy Fawkes River National Park is part of the Bicentennial National Trail.
A Different American Dream
A Different American Dream is a 2016 American documentary film by Simon Brook and Jane I. Wells. It was produced by 3 Generations and Brook Productions. In 2016, the film was selected for a number of festivals, including the Thessaloniki International Film Festival, the Margaret Mead Film Festival and the Reykjavík International Film Festival.

Thessaloniki International Film Festival
The Thessaloniki International Film Festival (TIFF; Greek: Φεστιβάλ Κινηματογράφου Θεσσαλονίκης, romanized: Festivál Kinimatográfou Thessaloníkis) is a film festival held every November in Thessaloniki, Greece. It is organized by the Thessaloniki Film Festival under the auspices of the Greek Ministry of Culture. It features international competition sections, and its program includes tributes to major filmmakers and national cinemas, as well as sidebar events such as masterclasses, exhibitions, live concerts and workshops. In addition to TIFF, the Thessaloniki Film Festival holds the annual Thessaloniki Documentary Festival (TDF) in March.
Pulse tube refrigerator
The pulse tube refrigerator (PTR) or pulse tube cryocooler is a developing technology that emerged largely in the early 1980s with a series of other innovations in the broader field of thermoacoustics. In contrast with other cryocoolers (e.g. Stirling cryocooler and GM-refrigerators), this cryocooler can be made without moving parts in the low temperature part of the device, making the cooler suitable for a wide variety of applications.

Moving parts
Machines include both fixed and moving parts.  The moving parts have controlled and constrained motions.

The term excludes fluids that pass through the machine, such as fuel, coolant or hydraulic fluid, as well as mechanical parts (such as locks, switches, nuts, bolts, and screw caps for bottles) which are moved only to reconfigure the machine. A system with no moving parts is described as "solid state".
Carol Sutton (actress)
Carol Joan Sutton (née Dickerson; December 3, 1944 – December 10, 2020) was an American actress of theater, film and television. She was best known for her appearances in the films Steel Magnolias, Monster's Ball, and Ray.

Killer Joe (film)
Killer Joe is a 2011 American Southern Gothic crime film directed by William Friedkin. The screenplay by Tracy Letts is based on his 1993 play of the same name. The film stars Matthew McConaughey in the title role, Emile Hirsch, Juno Temple, Gina Gershon, and Thomas Haden Church. It is one of the final films directed by Friedkin.

In Killer Joe, the estranged family of a woman scheme to kill her in order to collect on her life insurance policy, and conspire with a corrupt police officer to do the deed.
Noyoner Alo
Noyoner Alo (English: Eyesight) (Bengali: নয়নের আলো)  is a 1984 Bangladeshi film directed by Belal Ahmed. It stars Zafar Iqbal, Kajori, Subarna Mustafa, Raisul Islam Asad, Prabir Mitra and Anwar Hossain. The film was remade into Bengali cinema  in 1998 with the same title starring Prosenjit Chatterjee and Tapas Paul. Belal Ahmed garnered Bangladesh National Film Award for Best Cinematographer. Samina Chowdhury earned Bachsas Award for Best Female Playback Singer.

Zafar Iqbal (actor)
Zafar Iqbal (born 25 September 1950 – died 8 January 1992 ) was a Bangladeshi actor, singer and freedom fighter. He acted in 150 films. Singer Shahnaz Rahmatullah and music composer Anwar Parvez were his siblings.
Employment Tribunals Act 1996
The Employment Tribunals Act 1996 (c. 17), formerly called the Industrial Tribunals Act 1996, is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, relating to UK labour law, that establishes the Employment Tribunals and Employment Appeal Tribunal, and sets their jurisdiction.

Employment Appeal Tribunal
The Employment Appeal Tribunal is a tribunal in England and Wales and Scotland, and is a superior court of record. Its primary role is to hear appeals from Employment Tribunals in England, Scotland and Wales. It also hears appeals from decisions of the Certification Officer and the Central Arbitration Committee and has original jurisdiction over certain industrial relations issues.

The tribunal may sit anywhere in Great Britain, although it is required to have an office in London. It is part of the UK tribunals system, under the administration of His Majesty's Courts and Tribunals Service. The tribunal may not make a declaration of incompatibility under the Human Rights Act 1998.
Yao Shuode
Yao Shuode (fl. 352–412) was a duke and military general of the Later Qin dynasty during the Sixteen Kingdoms period. He was the younger brother of Yao Chang and the uncle of Yao Xing. During the early years of Later Qin, Shuode helped his brother in his war against the Former Qin, and later, he became one of the empire's top generals after his nephew ascended the throne. He led several western campaigns, resulting in the annexation of the Western Qin along with the nominal submissions of the four Liangs (Later, Southern, Northern and Western) and Chouchi.

Later Liang (Sixteen Kingdoms)
The Later Liang (simplified Chinese: 后凉; traditional Chinese: 後凉; pinyin: Hòu Liáng; 386–403) was a dynastic state of China and one of the Sixteen Kingdoms in Chinese history. It was founded by the Lü family of the Di ethnicity and given the prefix of "Later" in historiography to distinguish it with the Former Liang dynasty before them and the three Liang states (Southern, Northern and Western) that emerged during their collapse.

All rulers of the Later Liang proclaimed themselves "Heavenly King" (Tian Wang). The state's founder, Lü Guang initially took on lesser titles before declaring himself Heavenly King of Liang in 396, and so the state was only known as "Liang" (涼) from 396 to 403. The Later Liang at its peak controlled the Hexi Corridor in Gansu with Guzang (姑臧, in modern Wuwei, Gansu) as their capital. After the Southern Liang and Northern Liang broke away in 397, their territory was gradually reduced to their capital region in central Gansu.
Verdronken Land van Reimerswaal
Het Verdronken Land van Reimerswaal (translation: The Drowned Land of Reimerswaal) is an area of flood-covered land in Zeeland in the Netherlands between Noord Beveland and Bergen op Zoom. Some of it was lost in the St. Felix's Flood in 1530, and some of it in 1532. The Oosterschelde formerly flowed along its east and north edges. It is sometimes divided into the "Verdronken Land van Zuid-Beveland" and the "Verdronken Land van de Markiezaat van Bergen op Zoom". Verdronken is Dutch for "drowned", and Markizaat van Bergen op Zoom is the marquisate of Bergen op Zoom).

The Dutch land reclamation engineer and writer Vierlingh blamed the loss of that land on a landowner called the Lord of Lodijke neglecting a tidal creek which was scouring at every tide. After the land was lost, the city of Reimerswaal survived on a small island for a while.

Andries Vierlingh
Andries Vierlingh (Breda, circa 1507 - Steenbergen 1579) was a Dutch civil engineer. His manuscript Tractaet van Dyckagie is seen as a warning against fundamental engineering errors in waterstaat water management, from which lessons can still be learned today.
Pragersko–Središče Railway
The Pragersko–Središče Railway is a 51.888-kilometre (32.242 mi) long railway in Slovenia that connects the Slovenian town Pragersko with the Croatian railway network west of Čakovec. The 40.273-kilometre (25.024 mi) Pragersko-Ormož section of the railway, officially designated as railway number 40 is part of the  Pan-European Corridor V, which runs from Venice to Kyiv. The remaining 11.615 kilometres (7.217 miles) between Ormož and Croatian–Slovene border east of Središče ob Dravi is classified as line number 44. The railway is mostly single-tracked and non-electrified.

Čakovec
Čakovec (Croatian pronunciation: [tʃâkoʋets]; Hungarian: Csáktornya; Latin: Aquama; German: Tschakathurn) is a city in Northern Croatia, located around 90 kilometres (56 miles) north of Zagreb, the Croatian capital, and close to the borders with Slovenia and Hungary. Čakovec is both the county seat and the largest city of Međimurje County, the northernmost, smallest and most densely populated Croatian county. It is situated centrally in the lowland part of the region, along the Trnava river.
Hjalmer S. Halvorsen
Hjalmer S. "H.S." Halvorsen (April 9, 1884 – 1970) was an American businessman and politician.

Born on a farm near Westby, Wisconsin, Halvorsen went to Luther College. From 1911 to 1914, he was deputy county auditor for Wells County, North Dakota. Halvorsen owned a hardware store, in Westby, Wisconsin, served on the Westby Common Council and the board of education. Halvorsen served in the Wisconsin State Assembly in 1933, 1935, and 1937 and was elected on the Wisconsin Progressive Party ticket.

Luther College (Iowa)
Luther College is a private Lutheran liberal arts college in Decorah, Iowa, United States. Established as a Lutheran seminary in 1861 by Norwegian immigrants, the school today is an institution of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America. The upper campus was listed as the Luther College Campus Historic District on the National Register of Historic Places in 2021.
Marymont (Murfreesboro, Tennessee)
Marymont is a historic mansion in Murfreesboro, Tennessee, U.S.. It was built in 1860-1861 for Hiram Jenkins. In 1878, it was inherited by his niece, Nimmie Jenkins, and her husband, Dr. J. J. Rucker. They named the house after their daughter, Mary Rucker.

The house was designed in the Classical Revival architectural style, with Roman Revival finishes. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since October 30, 1973.

In 2019, Marymount had plans to be transformed into a cigar and wine bar by a local couple.

Murfreesboro, Tennessee
Murfreesboro is a city in Rutherford County, Tennessee, United States, and its county seat. The population was 152,769 at the 2020 census (estimated at 173,625 in 2025). Located 34 miles (55 km) southeast of downtown Nashville, it is part of the Nashville metropolitan area in Middle Tennessee.

Settled in 1811, Murfreesboro was the state capital of Tennessee from 1818 to 1826. Today, it is the largest suburb of Nashville and the sixth-most populous city in the state. The city is both the center of population and the geographic center of Tennessee. Since the 1990s, Murfreesboro has been Tennessee's fastest-growing major city and one of the fastest-growing cities in the country. Murfreesboro is home to Middle Tennessee State University, one of the largest undergraduate universities in the state.
Magnus Jensen (historian)
Magnus Jensen (30 January 1902 – 15 July 1990) was a Norwegian historian and educator. He was born in Arendal. During the German occupation of Norway he was a member of the undercover leadership of the teachers' civil resistance from 1942. From 1943 he represented the teachers in the Coordination Committee of the Norwegian Resistance Movement, and was later a member of Kretsen and Hjemmefrontens Ledelse. (Koordinasjonskomiteen was the largest and most activist Resistance group [in Norway] among civilians, according to Olav Njølstad.)

He served as principal at Aars og Voss school in Oslo from 1953 to 1969. Among his books are Norgeshistorie fra 1660 til våre dager (first edition from 1938), and Nordens historie for gymnasiet from 1940.

Arendal
Arendal (Urban East Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈɑ̂ːɳɖɑːɫ] ⓘ) is a municipality in Agder county in southeastern Norway. Arendal belongs to the region of Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Arendal (which is also the seat of Agder county). Some of the notable villages in Arendal include Rykene, Eydehavn, Færvik, Strengereid, Kongshavn, Kilsund, Brattekleiv, Torsbudalen, Longum, Saltrød, Staubø, Vrengen, and Kolbjørnsvik. The offices of UNEP/GRID-Arendal are also located in the city of Arendal.

The 270-square-kilometre (100 sq mi) municipality is the 273rd largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Arendal is the 24th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 45,891. The municipality's population density is 179.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (466/sq mi) and its population has increased by 5.9% over the previous 10-year period.
Jarosław Królewski
Jarosław Królewski ([jaˈrɔswaf kruˈlɛfskʲi]; born September 26, 1986) is a Polish entrepreneur, programmer, sociologist, investor, and philanthropist from Hańczowa, Poland. He is a researcher and lecturer at the AGH University of Krakow.  He was selected as a Young Global Leader by the World Economic Forum in 2025. Królewski is a cofounder and chief executive of the software development company Synerise that develops its namesake business intelligence software based on artificial intelligence and big data. He is also the president and a majority stakeholder of the Polish soccer club Wisła Kraków.

Controlling interest
A controlling interest is an ownership interest in a corporation with enough voting stock shares to prevail in any stockholders' motion. A majority of voting shares (over 50%) is always a controlling interest. When a party holds less than the majority of the voting shares, other present circumstances can be considered to determine whether that party is still considered to hold a controlling ownership interest.

In the United States, Delaware corporations have a 2/3 vote requirement for a motion to pass. In theory, this would mean that a controlling interest would have to be over two-thirds of the voting shares.

A 2019 study published in the Virginia Law Review said dual-class stock structures, common to newly public technology companies, creates governance risks and costs, including the potential loss of economic value for non-voting shares held by public investors.
Poulton-with-Fearnhead
Poulton-with-Fearnhead, or Poulton with Fearnhead, is a civil parish in the Borough of Warrington, Cheshire, England.  According to the 2001 census it had a population of 17,019.  The parish includes northern and eastern suburbs of Warrington, including Padgate, Fearnhead, Cinnamon Brow, Blackbrook, Longbarn, Bruche and Paddington.

From northwards clockwise, it borders the parishes of Croft (at a point on a motorway junction), Birchwood, Woolston, the unparished area of Warrington, then the parish of Winwick.

Bruche, Warrington
53°24′00″N 2°33′50″W﻿ / ﻿53.400°N 2.564°W﻿ / 53.400; -2.564
Bruche is a large suburb of Warrington, in the Warrington district, in the traditional county of Lancashire, England.

It forms the old border of Poulton and Warrington.

In 2005 it was home to the Bruche Police Training Centre, a national police training centre.

It changed from Bruch sometime before 1888.
You can still see the old name on the bridge over Padgate Brook.
Selkirk mine
The Selkirk mine is a large mine in the west of Botswana in the North-East District. Selkirk represents one of the largest nickel reserve in Botswana having estimated reserves of 135 million tonnes of ore grading 0.25% nickel. The 135 million tonnes of ore contains 0.3 million tonnes of nickel metal.

Operated for some years by the Tati Nickel Mining Company (TNMC), mine operations were sold to the Canada-based Premium Nickel Resources Corporation (PNR) in 2022.

North-East District (Botswana)
The North-East District is one of the administrative districts of Botswana. Its capital is Francistown. In 2011, North-East had a population of 60,264 people. The district is predominantly occupied by Kalanga-speaking people, the BaKalanga. The district is administered by a district administration and district council, which are responsible for local administration.

In the north and east, the district borders the Matabeleland South Province of Zimbabwe, and the border in the east is predominantly along the Ramokgwebana River. In the south and west, the district borders the Central District along the Shashe River.
Spizellomycetales
Spizellomycetales is an order of fungi in the Chytridiomycetes. Spizellomycetalean chytrids are essentially ubiquitous zoospore-producing fungi found in soils where they decompose pollen. Recently they have also been found in dung and harsh alpine environments, greatly expanding the range of habitats where one can expect to find these fungi.

Zoospore
A zoospore is a motile asexual spore that uses a flagellum for locomotion in aqueous or moist environments. Also called a swarm spore, these spores are created by some protists, bacteria, and fungi to propagate themselves. Certain zoospores are infectious and transmittable, such as Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, a fungal zoospore that causes high rates of mortality in amphibians.
Diisobutyl phthalate
Diisobutyl phthalate (DIBP) is a phthalate ester having the structural formula C6H4(COOCH2CH(CH3)2)2. It is formed by the esterification of isobutanol and phthalic anhydride. This and other phthalates are used as plasticizers due to their flexibility and durability. They are found in many industrial and personal products, such as lacquers, nail polish and cosmetics. DIBP can be absorbed via oral ingestion and dermal exposure. When it comes to excretion, DIBP is first converted into the hydrolytic monoester monoisobutyl phthalate (MIBP). The primary excretory route is urine, with biliary excretion being noted in minor amounts. DIBP has lower density and freezing point than the related compound dibutyl phthalate (DBP).

Bile duct
A bile duct is any of a number of long tube-like structures that carry bile, and is present in most vertebrates. The bile duct is separated into three main parts: the fundus (superior), the body (middle), and the neck (inferior).

Bile is required for the digestion of food and is secreted by the liver into passages that carry bile toward the hepatic duct. It joins the cystic duct (carrying bile to and from the gallbladder) to form the common bile duct which then opens into the intestine.