hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Victor Schultze
Victor Schultze (13 December 1851, in Fürstenberg – 6 January 1937, in Greifswald) was a German church historian and archaeologist.

He studied theology and art history at the universities of Basel, Strasbourg, Jena and Göttingen, and in 1879 qualified as a lecturer of church history and Christian archaeology at the University of Leipzig. In 1884 he became an associate professor at Greifswald, where from 1888 to 1920 he taught classes as a full professor at the university.

Biblical archaeology
Biblical archaeology is an academic school and a subset of Biblical studies and Levantine archaeology. Biblical archaeology studies archaeological sites from the Ancient Near East and especially the Holy Land (also known as Land of Israel and Canaan), from biblical times.

The Hebrew Bible is the main source of information about the region of Palestine and mostly covers the Iron Age period. Therefore, archaeology can provide insights where biblical historiography is unable to. The comparative study of the biblical text and archaeological discoveries help understand Ancient Near Eastern people and cultures. Although both the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament are taken into account, the majority of the study centers around the former.

The term biblical archaeology is used by Israeli archaeologists for popular media or an English speaking audience, in reference to what is known in Hebrew as "Israeli archaeology", and to avoid using the term Palestinian archaeology.
Deena Errampalli
Deena Errampalli is a Canadian plant pathologist who is internationally known for her work on postharvest pathology of temperate tree fruits. She has conducted research in India, the USA and Canada and her work has resulted in new and innovative disease management strategies to improve plant health through Integrated Pest Management. Errampalli was a researcher at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Vineland, a satellite station of the London Research and Developmnent Centre (2000-2018) Errampalli was also the Test-Site-Manager for Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Minor Use Pesticide Program at Vineland Station where she managed trials for insect pests, diseases and weed control on minor use crops. She is also an award-winning fine-art painter, printmaker, and photographer whose work has been displayed in Canada, Italy, Poland, South Africa, USA, and India.

Art Gallery of Burlington
The Art Gallery of Burlington, founded in 1978, is the seventh largest public art gallery in Ontario. The gallery collects and maintains Canada's largest collection of contemporary Canadian ceramics. It is located on the City of Burlington waterfront in close proximity to Spencer Smith Park.
Maleic hydrazide
Maleic hydrazide, often known by the brand name Fazor, is a plant growth regulator that reduces growth through preventing cell division but not cell enlargement. It is applied to the foliage of potato, onion, garlic and carrot crops to prevent sprouting during storage. It can also be used to control volunteer potatoes that are left in the field during harvesting. It was first identified in the 1940s but was not used commercially in the United Kingdom until 1984. The banning of chlorpropham as a sprout suppressant in 2019 has led renewed interest in how maleic hydrazide can be used in potatoes.

Volunteer (botany)
In gardening and agronomic terminology, a volunteer is a plant that grows on its own, rather than being deliberately planted by a farmer or gardener. The action of such plants — to sprout or grow in this fashion — may also be described as volunteering.
Metharme lanata
Metharme lanata is a species of flowering plant in the family Zygophyllaceae. It is the sole species in genus Metharme. It is a perennial herb endemic to the Arica y Parinacota and Tarapacá regions of northern Chile, where it grows in high-elevation deserts and dry shrublands.

Tarapacá Region
The Tarapacá Region (Spanish: Región de Tarapacá, pronounced [taɾapaˈka]) is one of Chile's 16 first-order administrative divisions. It comprises two provinces, Iquique and Tamarugal. It borders the Chilean Arica y Parinacota Region to the north, Bolivia's Oruro Department and Potosí Department on the east, Chile's Antofagasta Region to the south and the Pacific Ocean to the west. The port city of Iquique is the region's capital.

Much of the region was once part of Peru, having been annexed by Chile under the 1883 Treaty of Ancón at the close of the War of the Pacific. The region was important economically as a site of intense saltpeter mining, before synthetic nitrate manufacturing became possible.  A number of abandoned mining towns can still be found in the region.

The present day Tarapacá Region was created in 2007 by subdividing the former Tarapacá Region under Law No. 20,175, which was signed by President Michelle Bachelet in Arica.
Lukovytsia, Chernivtsi Raion, Chernivtsi Oblast
Lukovytsia (Ukrainian: Луковиця; Romanian: Lucovița; German: Lukawitza) is a village in Chernivtsi Raion, Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Chahor rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

Until 18 July 2020, Lukovytsia belonged to Hlyboka Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Chernivtsi Oblast to three. The area of Hlyboka Raion was merged into Chernivtsi Raion.

Chernivtsi Raion
Chernivtsi Raion (Ukrainian: Чернівецький район) is a raion (district) of Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine. It was created on 18 July 2020 as part of the reform of administrative divisions of Ukraine. Most of its territory is located in the historical region of Bukovina, while the southeastern parts are in Bessarabia, and the Hertsa region. The center of the raion is the city of Chernivtsi. Four abolished raions, Hertsa, Hlyboka, Storozhynets, and Zastavna Raions, part of abolished Kitsman and Novoselytsia Raions, as well as the city of Chernivtsi, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance, were merged into Chernivtsi Raion. Population: 648,643 (2022 estimate).
1992 Davis Cup
The 1992 Davis Cup (also known as the 1992 Davis Cup by NEC for sponsorship purposes) was the 81st edition of the Davis Cup, the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis. 93 teams would enter the competition, 16 in the World Group, 21 in the Americas Zone, 23 in the Asia/Oceania Zone, and 33 in the Europe/Africa Zone. Due to the increased number of entries, the tournament was expanded to add a Group III in all zones, with promotion and relegation between it and Group II. Puerto Rico and Qatar made their first appearances in the tournament, and former champions South Africa returned to the tournament for the first time since 1978.

The United States defeated Switzerland in the final, held at the Tarrant County Convention Center in Fort Worth, Texas, United States, on 4–6 December, to win their 30th title overall.

United States Davis Cup team
The United States men's national tennis team represents the United States in Davis Cup tennis competition, and is governed by the United States Tennis Association.

The United States competed in the inaugural Davis Cup against Great Britain in 1900. They are the most successful team ever to compete in the Davis Cup, winning the coveted title on 32 separate occasions closely followed by Australia with 28 victories.
Total Sports Entertainment
TSE Services (Total Sports Entertainment, Total Sports Services) was a sports entertainment and game software company. TSE works in the field of sports franchise consulting, A/V production and equipment integration,game operations and sponsorship sales systems management software.

TSE's equipment division provided audio/video production systems design and integration. TSE's Management Solutions division provided event management technology including TSE GameTime ScriptPRO, a game management solution for building and executing event scripts and schedules, and SponsorPRO, a sponsorship sales automation system used to organize, execute, and track sponsorship inventory. TSE sold its services to teams such as the Binghamton Mets as well as the Wilmington Blue Rocks.

Wilmington Blue Rocks
The Wilmington Blue Rocks are a Minor League Baseball team of the South Atlantic League and the High-A affiliate of the Washington Nationals. They are located in Wilmington, Delaware, and play their home games at Daniel S. Frawley Stadium.
2004 Grand Prix Hassan II – Singles
Julien Boutter was the defending champion, but lost in the second round this year.

Santiago Ventura won the title, defeating Dominik Hrbatý 6–3, 1–6, 6–4 in the final. Notably, this was Ventura's first ATP Tour-level appearance.

Dominik Hrbatý
Dominik Hrbatý (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈdɔminiɡ ˈɦr̩batiː]; born 4 January 1978) is a Slovak former professional tennis player. Hrbatý reached the semifinals of the 1999 French Open, and achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 12 in October 2005. Hrbatý is one of only three players, alongside Nick Kyrgios and Lleyton Hewitt, to have beaten each member of the Big Three (Novak Djokovic, Roger Federer, and Rafael Nadal) the first time he played them.

Hrbatý is one of a select few players to have competed on the ATP Tour with a positive winning record against Federer (2–1), Nadal (3–1), and Murray (1–0). Hrbatý's record against Djokovic stands at 1–1 (or 0–1 at tour-level events). Hrbaty, Alex Corretja and Novak Djokovic are the only players to have a winning record over Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal.
Attiveri Bird Sanctuary
Attiveri Bird Sanctuary is a village in the Mundgod taluk of Uttara Kannada district in Karnataka. It is located 15 km away from Mundgod.

Spread over an area of about 2.23 km2 (0.86 sq mi), the sanctuary is located in and around the Attiveri reservoir. The part of the sanctuary surrounding the reservoir has riverine and deciduous forests.

Birds inhabiting this area include cattle egret, Indian and little cormorants, black-headed ibis, Eurasian spoonbill, pied and white-throated kingfishers, Indian grey hornbill and barn swallow. The agricultural fields surrounding the sanctuary attract a variety of aquatic creatures.

The best time to visit the sanctuary is between November and March.

Indian grey hornbill
The Indian gray hornbill (Ocyceros birostris) is a common hornbill found on the Indian subcontinent. It is mostly arboreal and is commonly sighted in pairs. It has grey feathers all over the body with a light grey or dull white belly. The horn is black or dark grey with a casque extending to the point of curvature of the horn. It is one of the few hornbill species found in urban areas in many cities where they are able to make use of large trees in avenues.
2016 Championships of the Small States of Europe
The 2016 Championships of the Small States of Europe was the first edition of the biennial competition in outdoor track and field organised by the Athletic Association of Small States of Europe (AASE). The competition was launched to take place in the years between the Games of the Small States of Europe. It was held on 11 June 2016 at the Matthew Micallef St. John Athletics Stadium in Marsa, Malta. A total of 22 events were contested by around 300 athletes from 18 nations.

Matthew Micallef St. John Athletics Stadium
The Matthew Micallef St. John Athletics Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium situated in Marsa, Malta. The stadium seats 2,500 people and is the national athletics venue of Malta. It is operated by the Malta Amateur Athletic Association.
Liana Hinds
Liana Kayla-Marie Hinds (born 23 February 1995) is an American-born Trinidadian footballer who plays as a defender for the Trinidad and Tobago women's national team. She last played professionally for Hibernian.

Trinidad and Tobago women's national football team
The Trinidad and Tobago women's national football team is commonly known in their country as the Women Soca Warriors. They are one of the top women's national football teams in the Caribbean region along with Jamaica and Haiti.

Trinidad and Tobago women's national football team is currently coached by Damian Briggs and Densill Theobald. They replaced Angus Eve, under whom they had originally served as assistant coaches. Eve resigned on 19 October 2025, only 20 days after being appointed by the TTFA.
Leise rieselt der Schnee
Leise rieselt der Schnee (which translates as "softly falls the snow") is one of the most famous Christmas songs in the German language. It was composed in 1895 in Graudenz by the Protestant pastor Eduard Ebel (1839–1905) and published under the title Weihnachtsgruß ("Christmas greeting") in his volume Gesammelte Gedichte. The composition of the melody is also often attributed to Ebel, but this statement is uncertain and apparently unsupported, especially since Ebel's own publication contains only the text. According to other sources, the melody is a folk tune, which Ebel himself possibly adopted for his song. Other sources again suggest that the melody is based on a musette (1792) by Daniel Gottlob Türk (1750–1813); however, the similarity of the melodies only applies to the first one and a half bars.

Tablature
Tablature (or tab for short) is a form of musical notation indicating instrument fingering or the location of the played notes rather than musical pitches.

Tablature is common for fretted stringed instruments such as the guitar, lute or vihuela, as well as many free reed aerophones such as the harmonica.  Tablature was common during the Renaissance and Baroque eras, and is commonly used today in notating many forms of music.

Three types of organ tablature were used in Europe: German, Spanish and Italian.

To distinguish standard musical notation from tablature, the former is usually called "staff notation" or just "notation".
Tikus Island
Tikus Island is an islet off the northern coast of Penang Island in the Malaysian state of Penang. Located nearly 770 m (0.48 miles) off Tanjung Bungah, a suburb of George Town, this uninhabited outcrop is now home to a solar-powered lighthouse. This active lighthouse marks the northern entrance to the Penang Strait and hence, the Port of Penang.

Also situated on the islet is a grave belonging to a local Muslim saint. The grave is still visited by local Penangites of various faiths, who occasionally come to seek blessings irrespective of their beliefs.

Penang Strait
The Penang Strait is an 11 kilometre-wide strait that separates Penang Island from mainland Malay Peninsula. Penang Island is to the west of the channel, while Seberang Perai, the mainland half of the State of Penang, is to the east. The northern and southern ends of the channel join the Strait of Malacca, one of the world's busiest maritime routes.

The strait provides deepwater passage to the Port of Penang, which is located in Butterworth in Seberang Perai. In addition, Swettenham Pier in George Town, Penang's capital city that is situated on Penang Island, is a popular destination for cruise ships, serving as one of the major entry points into Penang.

Since the foundation of Penang as a trading outpost of the British Empire in 1786, the Penang Strait has historically been a busy shipping route.
Electric Hands
Electric Hands is a Japanese manga written and illustrated by Taishi Zaou, (a boys love and girls love pen-name for Mikiyo Tsuda). It is licensed in French by Asuka, which released the manga in January 2009. It is licensed in North America by Digital Manga Publishing, which released the manga on November 18, 2009.  It is licensed in Germany by Egmont Manga.

Digital Manga
Digital Manga is a California-based publishing company that licenses and releases Japanese manga, anime, and related merchandise in the English language.

Digital Manga also owns and operates eManga, a digital publishing site for manga and light novels, that publishes books and e-book editions of works from other publishers.

The non-publishing division includes Pop Japan Travel (a tour service) and several e-retail sites for books and for import products, including Akadot Retail and Yaoi Club.

Since 2011, Digital Manga has utilized Kickstarter for funds. The first Kickstarter project was to reprint Osamu Tezuka's titles, and the most successful project to be funded was to print the Finder series by Yamane Ayano.
1936 in Soviet football
The 1936 Soviet football championship was the 6th seasons of competitive football in the Soviet Union split into two halves. It was also the inaugural competition for the Soviet league format (round-robin) transitioning from the cities football competition format that was grandfathered from the Imperial Russian sports events.

FC Dynamo Moscow won the championship in spring and FC Spartak Moscow won it in fall. Between both championships in the summer there was held the first Soviet Cup competition.

In the fall the defending champions Dynamo were going neck-to-neck with their main rivals Spartak, but just a round away from the finish line they tied with weaker Dynamo Leningrad which costed them the title.

Krasnaya Zaria Leningrad avoided relegation from Group A in the spring, while CDKA Moscow avoided relegation in the fall.

FC Spartak Moscow
FC Spartak Moscow (Russian: Футбольный клуб «Спартак» Москва, romanized: Futbolʹnyy klub «Spartak» Moskva, pronounced [spɐrˈtak mɐˈskva]) is a Russian professional football club based in Moscow. Having won 12 Soviet championships (second only to Dynamo Kyiv) and 10 Russian championships (a record jointly held with Zenit St Petersburg), it is the country's most successful club. They have also won a record 10 Soviet Cups, 4 Russian Cups and one Russian Super Cup. Spartak have also reached the semi-finals of UEFA Europa League, UEFA Champions League and the UEFA Cup Winner's Cup.
Cretaceous resinous interval
The Cretaceous resinous interval (CREI) was a period of time where there was a high rate of resin production creating large deposits of amber. It occurred during the Cretaceous period for about 54 million years from the Barremian to the Campanian ages. The cause was a mix of both living and environmental factors. High temperatures from volcanic activity and increased Carbon dioxide (CO2) levels fueling large storms and wildfires caused ice to be absent from the poles and favored the growth of resin-producing forest at high latitudes.

While there is a preservation bias for amber deposits to be more preserved in the northern hemisphere, it is suspected that this was a global phenomenon. The overrepresentation of amber deposits in the northern Hemisphere compared to the southern Hemisphere makes amber deposits found in the southern hemisphere during this time valuable for reconstructing the palaeobiology and biodiversity of forest on Gondwana.

Campanian
The Campanian is the fifth of six ages of the Late Cretaceous epoch on the geologic timescale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). In chronostratigraphy, it is the fifth of six stages in the Upper Cretaceous Series. Campanian spans the time from 83.6 (± 0.2) to 72.2 (± 0.2) million years ago. It is preceded by the Santonian and it is followed by the Maastrichtian.

The Campanian was an age when a worldwide sea level rise covered many coastal areas. The morphology of some of these areas has been preserved: it is an unconformity beneath a cover of marine sedimentary rocks.
Saya Woolfalk
Saya Woolfalk (born 1979, Gifu City, Japan) is an American artist known for her multimedia exploration of hybridity, science, race and sex. Woolfalk uses science fiction and fantasy to reimagine the world in multiple dimensions.

Saya Woolfalk is represented by Leslie Tonkonow Artworks & Projects, New York. She was a graduate advisor at the Art Institute of Chicago and a BFA critic at Parsons School of Design in 2012. She was also a visiting artist at Montclair State University in 2012 and 2013. Woolfalk was an adjunct professor at Parsons from 2013 to 2018.

Real Art Ways
Real Art Ways is a non-profit art space established in 1975. Located at 56 Arbor Street in the Parkville neighborhood of Hartford, Connecticut, Real Art Ways exhibits visual art, houses an independent cinema and presents live music, theater, and literary and community events.

It has shown such artists as Sol LeWitt, Pepon Osorio, Jenny Holzer, Cindy Sherman, Robert Longo, David Salle, Roxy Paine, and Louise Bourgeois. Real Art Ways has also hosted notable performances by John Cage, Philip Glass, Ornette Coleman, Steve Reich, Laurie Anderson, Allen Ginsberg and others.  The cinema at Real Art Ways regularly wins Best Art Cinema in the Hartford Advocate's annual Best of Hartford awards.
Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt
The Liaoning Coastal Economic Belt (short: Liaoning Belt, Chinese: 辽宁沿海经济带) is a group of prefectures in Liaoning province in Northeast China. The region was defined for the purpose of a national economic development strategy of China, aiming to strengthen the region as access point of Northeast China to the sea and a vital economic gateway to Northeast Asia and other regions in the world. Specifically, the six port cities with Dalian as the center are to be built as an international shipping center for northeast Asia. Infrastructure conditions including navigation capacity and logistics systems will be particularly improved for better service.

Prefecture (China)
Prefectures are one of four types of prefecture-level divisions in China, the second-level administrative division in the country. While at one time prefectures were the most common prefecture-level division, they are in the process of being abolished and only seven formally-designated prefectures remain.
Mark Wilson (cricketer)
Mark Wilson (25 November 1890 – 3 August 1982) was an English-born Scottish first-class cricketer.

Wilson was born in November 1890 in Whitburn, County Durham. He was a club cricketer for Clackmannan County/ His club career was somewhat eventful, with him making an allegation to the police that he had been assaulted by a spectator during a match in 1924. He made a single appearance in first-class cricket for Scotland against Lancashire at Old Trafford on Scotland's 1925 tour of England. Batting twice in the match, he was dismissed without scoring by Dick Tyldesley, while in their second innings he was dismissed for 4 runs by Len Hopwood. With his left-arm fast-medium bowling, he bowled eight wicketless overs. Outside of cricket, Wilson played football for Sauchie Juniors F.C., signing for the club in August 1922. Away from sports, he was by profession a foreman at a woollen mill. Wilson died in August 1982 at Sauchie, Clackmannanshire.

Club cricket
Club cricket is a mainly amateur, but still formal form of the sport of cricket, usually involving teams playing in competitions at weekends or in the evening. There is a great deal of variation in game format although the Laws of Cricket are observed. The main nations that club cricket is played in include Pakistan, England, Australia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, West Indies, New Zealand, Bangladesh, Nepal, Zimbabwe, Kenya, Ireland, Wales, Scotland, Netherlands, Hong Kong and in some of the major cities in India. Club cricket is also now played in the United States and Canada, as both countries have large communities of immigrants from mainstream cricket-playing regions such as the Caribbean, Europe, Asia, Africa and Australasia.
Aegiphila lhotskiana
Aegiphila lhotskiana (orth. var. Aegiphila lhotskyana Cham.) is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in Bolivia and Brazil. This species is cited in Flora Brasiliensis by Carl Friedrich Philipp von Martius.

A number of abietane diterpenes have been isolated from this plant.

Abietane
Abietane is an organic compound with the formula C20H36.  It is a tricyclic, saturated hydrocarbon with an elaborate stereochemistry. It is a colorless solid.  It is of little biochemical interest except as a reference structure of the abietanes.