hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Butterfly curve (algebraic)
In mathematics, the algebraic butterfly curve is a plane algebraic curve of degree six, given by the equation

The butterfly curve has a single singularity with delta invariant three, which means it is a curve of genus seven. The only plane curves of genus seven are singular, since seven is not a triangular number, and the minimum degree for such a curve is six.

The butterfly curve has branching number and multiplicity two, and hence the singularity link has two components, pictured at right.

The area of the algebraic butterfly curve is given by (with gamma function )

and its arc length  by approximately .

Triangular number
A triangular number or triangle number counts objects arranged in an equilateral triangle. Triangular numbers are a type of figurate number, other examples being square numbers and cube numbers. The nth triangular number is the number of dots in the triangular arrangement with n dots on each side, and is equal to the sum of the n natural numbers from 1 to n. The first 100 terms sequence of triangular numbers, starting with the 0th triangular number, are

(sequence A000217 in the OEIS)
Muhammad Ghous Pasha
Muhammad Ghous Pasha is a Pakistani actor and model. He has appeared in Urdu drama series, telefilms and sitcoms in Pakistan. He appeared in Haseena Moin's Meri Behen Maya and Mehreen Jabbar's Rehai. He made his first Lollywood film, Jalaibee, in 2013.

Lollywood
Lollywood is Pakistan's film industry, which has served as the base for both Urdu- and Punjabi-language film production.

Lahore has been the center of Pakistani cinema since independence in 1947. However, with the Urdu film hub largely shifting to Karachi by 2007, the film industry in Lahore became synonymous with the Pakistani Punjabi film Industry.

According to several media sources, the word "Lollywood" is a portmanteau of "Lahore" and "Hollywood", coined in 1989 by Glamour magazine gossip columnist Saleem Nasir, and is usually used comparatively with respect to other film industries in South Asian cinema.
Martin Reisslein
Martin Reisslein is an engineer from Arizona State University in Tempe. He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2014 for his contributions to the design and performance evaluation of metropolitan networks and multimedia networking mechanisms. He holds B.S. (1994) from Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences and an M.S. (1996) and Ph.D. (1998) from the University of Pennsylvania.

Reisslein is co-editor-in-chief, with Admela Jukan, of the journal Optical Switching and Networking.

Performance appraisal
A performance appraisal (also known as a performance review, performance evaluation, career development discussion, or employee appraisal), is a periodic process where the job performance of an employee is documented and evaluated.

Performance appraisals are most often conducted by an employee's immediate manager or line manager. While extensively practiced, annual performance reviews have also been criticized as providing feedback too infrequently to be useful, and some critics argue that performance reviews in general do more harm than good. It is a principal-agent framework that describes the relationship of information between the employer and employee, in particular the direct effect and response received when a performance review is conducted.

Performance appraisals are a part of career development.
Integralismo Lusitano
Integralismo Lusitano (English: "Lusitanian Integralism") was a Portuguese integralist political movement founded in Coimbra in 1914 that advocated traditionalism but not conservatism. It was against parliamentarism but favoured decentralization, national syndicalism, the Catholic Church and the monarchy. Its members included an amalgam of rightists, monarchists, Catholics and nationalists.

Decentralization
Decentralization or decentralisation is the process by which the activities of an organization, particularly those related to planning and decision-making, are distributed or delegated away from a central, authoritative location or group and given to smaller factions within it.

Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, technology, economics and money.
Fur bikini of Raquel Welch
A fur/hide bikini was worn by Raquel Welch in the 1966 British-made prehistoric saga One Million Years B.C. In that bikini, she was described as "wearing mankind's first bikini" and the fur bikini was described as a "definitive look of the 1960s".

Pin-up model
A pin-up model is a model whose mass-produced pictures and photographs have wide appeal within the popular culture of a society. Pin-up models are usually glamour, actresses, or fashion models whose pictures are intended for informal and aesthetic display, known for being pinned onto a wall. From the 1940s, pictures of pin-up girls were also known as cheesecake in the U.S.

The term pin-up refers to drawings, paintings, and photographs of semi-nude women and was first attested to in English in 1941. Images of pin-up girls were published in magazines and newspapers. They were also displayed on postcards, lithographs, and calendars. The counterpart of the pin-up girl is the male pin-up, also known as beefcake, including celebrated actors and athletes such as the actor James Dean, the singer Jim Morrison, and the model Fabio.
Edge of Seventeen (film)
Edge of Seventeen is a 1998 coming of age romantic comedy-drama film directed by David Moreton, written by Moreton and Todd Stephens, starring Chris Stafford, and co-starring Tina Holmes and Andersen Gabrych.

Sandusky, Ohio
Sandusky (/sænˈdʌski/ san-DUSS-kee) is a city in Erie County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. Situated on the southern shore of Lake Erie, Sandusky is located roughly midway between Toledo (45 miles (72 km) west) and Cleveland (50 miles (80 km) east). At the 2020 census, the city had a population of 25,095, and the Sandusky metropolitan area had 115,986 residents.

Sandusky was established in the early 19th century and developed as a port city at the head of Sandusky Bay. It is home to Cedar Point, one of the most popular amusement parks in the world, as well as water parks including Cedar Point Shores, Castaway Bay, Great Wolf Lodge, and Kalahari. The headquarters of Cedar Fair Entertainment Company were located in the city until it merged with Six Flags, who retains some administrative offices in Sandusky.
Wilfrid Noel Bond
Wilfrid Noel Bond (27 December 1897 – 25 August 1937) was an English physicist and engineer known for his work in fluid mechanics. He received his Doctor of Science from the University of London, and was a lecturer at the University of Reading from 1921 until his death.  The Bond number, used in fluid mechanics to characterize the shape of bubbles and drops, is named after him.

Drop (liquid)
A drop or droplet is a small column of liquid, bounded completely or almost completely by free surfaces. A drop may form when liquid accumulates at the end of a tube or other surface boundary, producing a hanging drop called a pendant drop. Drops may also be formed by the condensation of a vapor or by atomization of a larger mass of solid. Water vapor will condense into droplets depending on the temperature. The temperature at which droplets form is called the dew point.
Lumbar veins
The lumbar veins are four pairs of veins running along the inside of the posterior abdominal wall, and drain venous blood from parts of the abdominal wall. Each lumbar vein accompanies a single lumbar artery. The lower two pairs of lumbar veins all drain directly into the inferior vena cava, whereas the fate of the upper two pairs is more variable.

Lumbar veins are the lumbar equivalent of the posterior intercostal veins of the thorax.

Thorax
The thorax (pl.: thoraces or thoraxes) or chest is a part of the anatomy of mammals and other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen.

In insects, crustaceans, and the extinct trilobites, the thorax is one of the three main divisions of the body, each in turn composed of multiple segments.

The human thorax includes the thoracic cavity and the thoracic wall. It contains organs including the heart, lungs, and thymus gland, as well as muscles and various other internal structures. The chest may be affected by many diseases, of which the most common symptom is chest pain.
1878 Newfoundland general election
The 1878 Newfoundland general election was held on November 9, 1878 to elect the members of the 13th General Assembly of Newfoundland in the Newfoundland Colony. The Conservative Party led by William Whiteway formed the government. Whiteway, who had succeeded Frederick Carter earlier in the year, ran on a platform promoting the development of a trans-insular railway. As Anti-Confederate leader Charles Fox Bennett had retired, the opposition to the government became disorganized, and it was loosely led by James Conroy and Robert Pinsent.

James Gervé Conroy
James Gervé Conroy (April 12, 1836 – January 28, 1915) was an Irish-born lawyer, judge and political figure in Newfoundland. He represented Ferryland on the Irish Shore in the Newfoundland and Labrador House of Assembly from 1874 to 1880 as an Anti-Confederated, in the second term as an anti-confederated Liberal; he helped lead the opposition to William Vallance Whiteway's administration.
Shelling of Johnston and Palmyra
Johnston and Palmyra are two atolls in the Pacific Ocean. Johnston was claimed for the US in 1858 and Palmyra in 1859 under the Guano Islands Act. Following the 1941 Attack on Pearl Harbor, Japanese navy forces attacked Allied possessions across the Pacific, including Johnston and Palmyra.

Guano Islands Act
The Guano Islands Act (11 Stat. 119, enacted August 18, 1856, codified at 48 U.S.C. ch. 8 §§ 1411-1419) is a United States federal law passed by the Congress that enables citizens of the United States to take possession of unclaimed islands containing guano deposits in the name of the United States. The islands can be located anywhere, so long as they are not occupied by citizens of another country and not within the jurisdiction of another government. It also empowers the president  to use the military to protect such interests and establishes the criminal jurisdiction of the United States in these territories.
WHKB
WHKB (102.3 FM, "K-Bear 102") is a radio station broadcasting a country music format. The studios are at 313 E. Montezuma, Houghton. It shares this location with its sister stations, WOLV, WCCY, and WHBS.

Licensed to Houghton, Michigan, it first began broadcasting under the WAAH call sign.

In September 2023, The Marks Group sold its Michigan broadcasting properties—WBKB-TV, WBKP, WBUP, and the Houghton and Iron River radio stations—for $13.375 million to Morgan Murphy Media. The deal was closed on December 4.

WBKB-TV
WBKB-TV (channel 11) is a television station in Alpena, Michigan, United States, affiliated with four commercial broadcast television networks, being CBS, NBC, ABC and Fox. Owned by Morgan Murphy Media, the station maintains studios on North Bagley Street in Alpena, and its transmitter is located in unincorporated Alcona County (near M-72) south of Hubbard Lake.

WBKB is the only commercial over-the-air television station in the third smallest media market in the United States; the Alpena market consists of Alpena and Alcona counties. The station shares the market with the cable-only CW+ affiliate Alpena CW ("WBAE"), which is controlled by local cable provider Charter Spectrum and offers limited local advertising, along with WCML, a PBS member station which is a satellite of Mount Pleasant–based WCMU-TV.
Joseph Woolley (archdeacon of Suffolk)
Christianity portal

Joseph Woolley (1815–1892) was archdeacon of Suffolk from 1887 to 1892.

Woolley was educated at Oakham School and Emmanuel College, Cambridge; and ordained in 1842. His first post was a curacy at Teversham. After this he was Warden of Queen's College, Birmingham then second master at King Edward VI School, Bury St Edmunds. In 1855 he became rector of East Bergholt.

He died on 22 April 1892.

Warden (college)
Warden is a title used by the heads of some university colleges, halls of residence, and other institutions. Its use in this sense dates back at least to the 13th century at Merton College, Oxford, as a translation of the Latin custos.
Northern Ireland (Emergency Provisions) Act 1973
The Northern Ireland (Emergency Provisions) Act 1973 (c. 53) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which abolished the death penalty for murder in Northern Ireland, and established the Diplock courts in which terrorist offences were tried by a judge without a jury. It has mostly been repealed, the anti-terrorism provisions having been superseded by subsequent legislation. The death penalty had not been used in Northern Ireland since 1961, when Robert McGladdery was hanged.

The act banned membership under penalty of law in the following organisations:

Irish Republican Army

Cumann na mBan

Fianna Éireann

Saor Éire

Sinn Féin

Ulster Volunteer Force

The subsequent Elected Authorities (Northern Ireland) Act 1989 would require oaths renouncing these organisations (except Sinn Féin).

Cumann na mBan
Cumann na mBan (Irish pronunciation: [ˈkʊmˠən̪ˠ n̪ˠə ˈmˠanˠ]; lit. 'The Women's Council' but in English termed The Irishwomen's Council), abbreviated C na mB, is an Irish republican women's paramilitary organisation formed in Dublin on 2 April 1914, merging with and dissolving Inghinidhe na hÉireann, and in 1916, it became an auxiliary of the Irish Volunteers. Although it was otherwise an independent organisation, its executive was subordinate to that of the Irish Volunteers, and later, the Irish Republican Army.

Cumann na mBan was active in the War of Independence and took the anti-Treaty side in the Civil War. Cumann na mBan was declared an illegal organisation by the government of the Irish Free State in 1923. This was reversed when Fianna Fáil came to power in 1932.

During the splits in the republican movement of the later part of the 20th century, Fianna Éireann and Cumann na mBan supported Provisional Sinn Féin in 1969 and Republican Sinn Féin in 1986.
Martha Knows Best
Martha Knows Best is an American reality television series that aired on HGTV from July 31 to December 4, 2020. Filmed during the COVID-19 pandemic, it followed Martha Stewart at her Bedford, New York farm as she completed gardening and other household projects, surprised fans, and dispensed domestic advice to her celebrity friends. Its second season focused on autumn and winter holiday projects.

Bedford (town), New York
Bedford is an incorporated town in Westchester County, New York, United States. The population was 17,309 at the 2020 census.

Bedford is located in the northeastern part of Westchester County and contains the three hamlets of Bedford Hills, Bedford, and Katonah.
Headwater darter
The headwater darter (Etheostoma lawrencei) is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the eastern United States where it is found in Kentucky and Tennessee in the upper Green River system down to the Mud River, in the Cumberland River and upper Salt River systems.  It is an inhabitant of streams up to about 5 metres (16 ft) wide with gravel or cobble substrates.  Males of this species can reach a length of 6.2 centimetres (2.4 in) SL while females only reach 5.7 centimetres (2.2 in). The headwater darter was first formally described in 2002 by Patrick A. Ceas and Brooks M. Burr With the type locality given as Koger Creek, which is in the drainage of the Wolf River, about 0.8 kilometers northwest of Rolan, Kentucky along  Kentucky Route 415 at the confluence of McIver Creek in Clinton County.

Cumberland River
The Cumberland River is a major waterway of the Southern United States. The 688-mile-long (1,107 km) river drains almost 18,000 square miles (47,000 km2) of southern Kentucky and north-central Tennessee. The river flows generally west from a source in the Appalachian Mountains to its confluence with the Ohio River near Paducah, Kentucky, and the mouth of the Tennessee River. Major tributaries include the Obey, Caney Fork, Stones, and Red Rivers.

Although the Cumberland River basin is predominantly rural, there are also some large cities on the river, including Nashville and Clarksville, both in Tennessee.

The river system has been extensively altered for flood control. Major dams impound areas of both the main stem and many of its important tributaries.
2006 Rink Hockey European Championship
The 2006 Rink Hockey European Championship was the 47th edition of the Rink Hockey European Championship, the biennial European rink hockey competition. The competition took place in Monza, Italy in the Pallazo dello Sport, also known as Pala Candy, from July 16 to July 22. Spain won the competition for the 13th time, beating Switzerland 2–0 in the final. Portugal took the 3rd place after beating 5-4 the hosts, Italy. This competition was part of the Euro Roller Games 2006, that also featured the European Championships of roller skating and artistic roller skating.

Roller skating
Roller skating is the act of travelling on surfaces with roller skates. It is a recreational activity, a sport, and a form of transportation. Roller rinks and skate parks are built for roller skating, though it also takes place on streets, sidewalks, and bike paths.

Roller skating originated in the performing arts in the 18th century. It gained widespread popularity starting in the 1880s. Roller skating was very popular in the United States from the 1930s to the 1950s, then again in the 1970s when it was associated with disco music and roller discos. During the 1990s, inline outdoor roller skating became popular. Roller skating has often been a part of Black and LGBT history in particular.

Sport roller skating includes speed skating, roller hockey, roller derby, figure skating and  aggressive inline skating.
Alexandre Gauthier
Alex Gauthier (born December 8, 1976) is a Canadian football offensive lineman who is currently retired. He most recently played for the Saskatchewan Roughriders of the Canadian Football League. He was drafted first overall by the expansion Ottawa Renegades in the 2002 CFL draft. He was a CFL East All-Star in 2007. Gauthier was signed by the Roughriders in 2011. He played CIS football for the Laval Rouge et Or.

Ottawa Renegades
The Ottawa Renegades were a Canadian Football League franchise based in Ottawa, Ontario founded in 2002, six years after the storied Ottawa Rough Riders folded. After four seasons, the Renegades franchise was suspended indefinitely by the league due to financial instability, and its players were absorbed by the other teams in a dispersal draft.

After two years in limbo, the Renegades franchise was awarded to Jeff Hunt, best known as the owner of the Ottawa 67's, in March 2008. The new franchise was revived in 2014 and rebranded as the Ottawa Redblacks. For historical purposes, the CFL classifies the Redblacks, Renegades and Rough Riders as one discontinuous franchise.
Big Sheep Mountains
The Big Sheep Mountains are located in the eastern area of the U.S. State of Montana in Prairie County, Montana. They are the easternmost mountains in Montana.  Nearby towns include Circle, Lindsay, and Glendive.

Circle, Montana
Circle is a town in and the county seat of McCone County, Montana, United States. The population was 591 at the 2020 census.

The community was so named because a rancher there branded his cattle with the image of a circle.
Kipp, Alberta
Kipp is a hamlet in Alberta, Canada that is under the jurisdiction of Lethbridge County. It is approximately 29 kilometres (18 mi) northwest of Lethbridge between Highway 3 and a Canadian Pacific Kansas City (CPKC) line.

Kipp originally began as a trading post called Fort Kipp, which was named after American whiskey trader Joe Kipp. Although not at the same location as the fort, Kipp takes its name from Fort Kipp.

Canadian Pacific Kansas City
Canadian Pacific Kansas City Limited, doing business as CPKC (known as Canadian Pacific Railway Limited until 2023), is a Canadian Class I freight railway, headquartered in Calgary. It operates about 32,000 kilometres (20,000 mi) of rail in Canada, Mexico, and the United States, and is the only single-line rail corporation ever to connect the three countries.
Irek Zaripov
Irek Zaripov (Russian: Ирек Айратович Зарипов, Bashkir: Ирек Айрат улы Зәрипов; born March 27, 1983) is a Russian biathlete and cross-country skier.

He was born on March 27, 1983, in Sterlitamak, USSR.

He lost his legs in a car accident in 2000. He started to practice skiing in 2005.

He competed at the 2010 Winter Paralympics where he won five medals: two gold and one silver in cross country skiing, and two gold medals in biathlon.

He has a son named Aynur.

Sterlitamak
Sterlitamak (Russian: Стерлитама́к, IPA: [stʲɪrlʲɪtɐˈmak]; Bashkir: Стәрлетамаҡ, romanized: Stärletamaq; Bashkir pronunciation: [stær.ˌlɪ̞.tɑ.ˈmɑq] pronunciationⓘ) is the second largest city in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia, located on the left bank of the Belaya River (a tributary of the Kama River), 121 kilometers (75 mi) from Ufa. The city's name comes from the Bashkir language and literally means "mouth of the Sterlya river". According to data released by Bashstat, Sterlitamak had a population of 277,410 at the time of the census. The permanent population
of Sterlitamak as of January 1, 2023 was 279,174 people.
The Year's Best Science Fiction: Thirty-Third Annual Collection
The Year's Best Science Fiction: Thirty-Third Annual Collection is an anthology of science fiction short stories edited by Gardner Dozois, the thirty-third volume in an ongoing series. It was first published in hardcover, trade paperback and ebook by St. Martin's Press in July 2016. The first British edition was published in trade paperback by Robinson in July 2016, under the alternate title The Mammoth Book of Best New SF 29.

Aliette de Bodard
Aliette de Bodard (born November 10, 1982) is a French-American speculative fiction writer. She has received accolades including the British Fantasy Award, BSFA Award, Ignyte Award, Locus Award, and Nebula Award.
Mississippi Highway 553
Mississippi Highway 553 (MS 553) is a state highway in Adams and Jefferson counties in southwestern Mississippi. The highway runs from U.S. Route 61 (US 61) in Stanton, loops to the west around US 61 and the Natchez Trace Parkway to Fayette, and extends further north to Harriston. Within Jefferson County, MS 553 passes numerous locations on the National Register of Historic Places.

Adams County, Mississippi
Adams County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 29,538. The county seat is Natchez. The county is the first to have been organized in the former Mississippi Territory. It is named for the second President of the United States, John Adams, who held that office when the county was organized in 1799. Adams County is part of the Natchez micropolitan area which consists of Adams County, Mississippi and Concordia Parish, Louisiana.
Mark Treesh
Mark A. Treesh (born 1954) is an American politician from Kentucky who was a member of the Kentucky House of Representatives from 1993 to 2003. Treesh was first elected in a June 1993 special election following the resignation of incumbent representative and speaker of the house Don Blandford. Treesh retired in 2002 to unsuccessfully run for the Kentucky Senate.

Kentucky House of Representatives
The Kentucky House of Representatives is the lower house of the Kentucky General Assembly. It is composed of 100 Representatives elected from single-member districts throughout the Commonwealth. Not more than two counties can be joined to form a House district, except when necessary to preserve the principle of equal representation. Representatives are elected to two-year terms with no term limits. The Kentucky House of Representatives convenes at the State Capitol in Frankfort.