hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
By-elections to the 8th Canadian Parliament
By-elections to the 8th Canadian Parliament were held to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada between the 1896 federal election and the 1900 federal election. The Liberal Party of Canada led a majority government for the 8th Canadian Parliament.

The list includes Ministerial by-elections which occurred due to the requirement that Members of Parliament recontest their seats upon being appointed to Cabinet. These by-elections were almost always uncontested. This requirement was abolished in 1931.

1896 Canadian federal election
The 1896 Canadian federal election was held on June 23, 1896, to elect members of the House of Commons of Canada of the 8th Parliament of Canada. Though the Conservative Party, led by Prime Minister Charles Tupper, won a plurality of the popular vote, the Liberal Party, led by Wilfrid Laurier, won the majority of seats (with only 41 percent of the vote) to form the next government. The election ended 18 years of Conservative rule. Laurier became the first leader of a political party to win an election after losing in their first bid, a feat only accomplished by Stephen Harper in 2006.

This was first election in Canada to produce a House of Commons with elected members of four parties. The Liberals and Conservative shared the chamber with elected members of the farmer-based Patrons of Industry and McCarthyites.
Yoshiyuki Ohmiya
Yoshiyuki Ohmiya (近江谷 好幸, Ōmiya Yoshiyuki, born January 8, 1959) is a Japanese curler and curling coach from Kitami, Hokkaido, Japan.

He represented Japan at the 1998 Winter Olympics in Nagano, where the Japanese men's team placed 5th.

His daughter is Japanese female curler Anna Ohmiya, participant of Japan women's curling team on 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, Canada.

Curling at the 1998 Winter Olympics
Curling at the 1998 Winter Olympics took place at Karuizawa, who had hosted the equestrian events at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. The 1998 Nagano Olympics marked the first time that curling was held as an official Olympic sport. It was the first time the same city hosted events for both the Summer and Winter Olympics.
Dusky sergeant
The dusky sergeant (Abudefduf concolor), also known as the night sergeant, is a species of damselfish in the family Pomacentridae endemic to the eastern Pacific Ocean. The species can reach 19 cm (7.5 in) in total length.

Pomacentridae
Pomacentridae is a family of ray-finned fish, comprising the damselfishes and clownfishes. This family were formerly placed in the order Perciformes or as indeterminate percomorphs, but are now considered basal blenniiforms.
They are primarily marine, while a few species inhabit freshwater and brackish environments (e.g., Neopomacentrus aquadulcis, N. taeniurus, Pomacentrus taeniometopon, Stegastes otophorus). They are noted for their hardy constitutions and territoriality.  Many are brightly colored, so they are popular in aquaria.
Lüshun Port
Lüshun Port (Chinese: 旅顺港; pinyin: Lǚshùn gǎng), formerly Port Arthur (Russian: Порт-Артур, romanized: Port-Artur), in Lüshunkou District, Dalian, Liaoning province, China can refer to the original Lüshun Naval Port (Chinese: 旅顺军港) for military use or the New Lüshun Port (Chinese: 旅顺新港) for commercial use.

It is now home to the People's Liberation Army Navy's (PLAN) Liaonan Shipyard, in operation since 1883.

The control of Lüshun Naval Base changed several times in the first half of the 20th Century: from China to the Russian Empire from 1895 to 1904, then after the Russo-Japanese War to the Empire of Japan from 1905 to 1945, then following the Soviet invasion of Manchuria in the closing days of World War II in China to the occupying Soviet Union from 1945 to 1956, and then finally back to China in 1956.

Beiyang Fleet
The Beiyang Fleet (Pei-yang Fleet; simplified Chinese: 北洋舰队; traditional Chinese: 北洋艦隊; pinyin: Běiyáng Jiànduì; Wade–Giles: Pei3-yang2 Chien4-tui4; lit. 'Northern Ocean Fleet', alternatively Northern Seas Fleet) was one of the four modernized Chinese navies in the late Qing dynasty. Among the four, the Beiyang Fleet was particularly sponsored by Li Hongzhang, one of the most trusted vassals of Empress Dowager Cixi and the principal patron of the "self-strengthening movement" in northern China in his capacity as the Viceroy of Zhili and the Minister of Beiyang Commerce (北洋通商大臣). Due to Li's influence in the imperial court, the Beiyang Fleet garnered much greater resources than the other Chinese fleets and soon became the dominant navy in Asia before the onset of the 1894–1895 First Sino-Japanese War. It was the largest fleet in Asia and the 8th largest in the world during the late 1880s in terms of tonnage.
Bairro Peixoto
22°57′59″S 43°11′24″W﻿ / ﻿22.96639°S 43.19000°W﻿ / -22.96639; -43.19000
Bairro Peixoto is a region in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, but it is not officially recognized as a neighborhood. Officially, it forms part of the neighborhood of Copacabana, but has distinct characteristics.

Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro
Copacabana (/ˌkoʊpəkəˈbænə/ KOH-pə-kə-BAN-ə, US also /-ˈbɑːnə/ -⁠BAH-nə, Brazilian Portuguese: [ˌkɔpakaˈbɐnɐ]) is a Brazilian bairro (neighbourhood) located in the South Zone of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is most prominently known for its 4 km (2.5 mile) balneario beach, which is one of the most famous in the world.
Thysanina
Thysanina is a genus of African araneomorph spiders first described by Eugène Simon in 1910. Originally placed with the Liocranidae, it was moved to the Corinnidae in 2000, and to the Trachelidae in 2014.

female T. transversa

male T. transversa

Araneomorphae
The Araneomorphae (also called the Labidognatha or "true spiders") are an infraorder of spiders. They are distinguishable by chelicerae (fangs) that point diagonally forward and cross in a pinching action, in contrast to those of Mygalomorphae (tarantulas and their close kin), which point straight down. Araneomorphs comprise the vast majority (about 92%) of living spiders.
Poomadhathe Pennu
Poomadhathe Pennu is a 1984 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by Hariharan and produced by G. P. Vijayakumar. The film stars Prem Nazir, Unnimary, K. P. Ummer and M. G. Soman. The film's score was composed by G. Devarajan.

Hariharan (director)
Hariharan is an Indian film director who has directed over 50 Malayalam films. His movies mainly revolve around the cultural and relational aspects of a typical Keralite society. His most notable works include  Sharapancharam (1979), Panchagni (1986), Idavazhiyile Poocha Mindappoocha (1979), Amrutham Gamaya (1987), Oru Vadakkan Veeragatha (1989), Sargam (1992), Parinayam (1994) and Pazhassi Raja (2009) which has won him wide critical acclaim. In 2019, he was awarded the J. C. Daniel Award, Kerala government's highest honour for contributions to Malayalam cinema.
McKennon House
The McKennon House is a historic house at 115 Grandview in Clarksville, Arkansas.  It is a two-story wood frame American Foursquare house, with weatherboard siding and a hip roof flared at the edges.  The front face of the roof is pierced by a gabled dormer housing a small Palladian window, its elements separated by narrow pilasters.  A single-story porch wraps around three sides, supported by Tuscan columns, with a gabled projection at the main entrance.  The house was designed by noted Arkansas architect Charles L. Thompson, and was built about 1907.

The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Clarksville, Arkansas
Clarksville is a city in Johnson County, Arkansas, United States. As of the 2020 census the population was 9,381, up from 9,178 in 2010. The city is the county seat of Johnson County. It is nestled between the Arkansas River and the foothills of the Ozark Mountains, and Interstate 40 and US Highway 64 intersect within the city limits. Clarksville-Johnson County is widely known for its peaches, scenic byways and abundance of natural outdoor recreational activities.
Cascade Inlet
Cascade Inlet is a fjord in the North Coast region of the Canadian province of British Columbia. It extends northwest from Dean Channel. It was first charted in 1793 by George Vancouver and Spelman Swaine during their 1791-95 expedition. Vancouver named it "Cascade Channel" due to the great number of waterfalls he saw along its sides when he first explored the inlet.

George Vancouver
Captain George Vancouver (/vænˈkuːvər/; 22 June 1757 – 10 May 1798) was a Royal Navy officer and explorer best known for leading the Vancouver Expedition, which explored and charted North America's northwestern Pacific Coast regions, including the coasts of what became the Canadian province of British Columbia and the U.S. states of Alaska, Washington, Oregon and California. The expedition also explored the Hawaiian Islands and the southwest coast of Australia.

Various places named for Vancouver include Vancouver Island, the city of Vancouver in British Columbia, Vancouver River on the Sunshine Coast of British Columbia, Vancouver, Washington, in the United States, Mount Vancouver on the Canadian–US border between Yukon and Alaska, and New Zealand's fourth-highest mountain, also Mount Vancouver.
Edenham
Edenham (/ˈɛdənəm/ ED-ən-əm) is a village and civil parish in the South Kesteven district of Lincolnshire, England. It is approximately 3 miles (5 km) north-west of Bourne, and on the A151 road. While the civil parish is called 'Edenham', the parish council is called Edenham, Grimsthorpe, Elsthorpe & Scottlethorpe Parish Council. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 291.

Grimsthorpe Castle
Grimsthorpe Castle is a country house in Lincolnshire, England 4 miles (6.4 km) north-west of Bourne on the A151. It lies within a 3,000 acre (12 km2) park of rolling pastures, lakes, and woodland landscaped by Capability Brown. While Grimsthorpe is not a castle in the strict sense of the word, its character is massive and martial – the towers and outlying pavilions recalling the bastions of a great fortress in classical dress. Grimsthorpe has been the home of the de Eresby family since 1516. The present occupant is the 28th Baroness Willoughby de Eresby, granddaughter of Nancy Astor, who died at Grimsthorpe in 1964.
Walden Bello
Walden Flores Bello (born November 11, 1945) is a Filipino academic who served as a member of the House of Representatives of the Philippines. He is an international adjunct professor at Binghamton University, professor of sociology and public administration at the University of the Philippines Diliman, and executive director of regional policy think-tank Focus on the Global South. Bello is also the founder and chairperson of the left-wing alliance Laban ng Masa. (lit. Fight of the Masses)

On October 20, 2021, Bello filed his candidacy for vice president in the 2022 Philippine elections as the running mate of presidential candidate and labor leader Leody de Guzman. Their platforms focus on progressive, democratic socialist, and pro-poor systemic change.

Vice President of the Philippines
Vice President of the Philippines (Filipino: Pangalawang Pangulo ng Pilipinas, also referred to as Bise Presidente ng Pilipinas) is the title of the second-highest official in the executive branch of the Philippine government and is first in the presidential line of succession. The vice president is directly elected by the citizens of the Philippines and is one of only two nationally elected executive officials, the other being the president.

The current office of the vice president was re-established under the 1987 Constitution, bearing similarities with the office as created in the 1935 Constitution that was abolished by the Marcos regime. The vice president may be elected to two consecutive six-year terms. The 15th and incumbent vice president Sara Duterte was inaugurated on June 19, 2022, but her term officially began 11 days later on June 30, as per the constitution.
Bill Redwood
Brian William Redwood (born 6 February 1939) is an English former international rugby union player.

Redwood was born in Bristol and educated at Bristol Grammar School. He attended the University of Exeter and in 1961 appeared with Oxford University RFC while studying at Worcester College for a year.

A scrum-half, Redwood played much of his rugby with Bristol and achieved an England call up for the 1968 Five Nations, gaining two caps. On debut against Wales at Twickenham, Redwood scored a try and was considered to have performed well amongst an otherwise poor backline, helping England secure a draw. He made his second appearance in the match against Ireland at Twickenham which also finished in a draw, then lost his place to Roger Pickering.

1968 Five Nations Championship
The 1968 Five Nations Championship was the thirty-ninth series of the rugby union Five Nations Championship. Including the previous incarnations as the Home Nations and Five Nations, this was the seventy-fourth series of the northern hemisphere rugby union championship. Ten matches were played between 13 January and 23 March. It was contested by England, France, Ireland, Scotland and Wales. It marked the first Grand Slam victory for France.
Rostroconchia
The Rostroconchia is a class of extinct molluscs dating from the early Cambrian to the Late Permian. They were initially thought to be bivalves, but were later given their own class.  They have a single shell in their larval stage, and the adult typically has a single, pseudo-bivalved shell enclosing the mantle and muscular foot. The anterior part of the shell probably pointed downward and had a gap from which the foot could probably emerge. Rostroconchs probably lived a sedentary semi-infaunal lifestyle. There were probably more than 1,000 species of members of this class.

Approximately 3 dozen genera and an even greater number of species have been described. Generally, rostroconchs are small, less than two centimeters in length, but larger forms, found in United States Devonian limestones, can grow to a length of 15 cm.

Sedentary lifestyle
Sedentary lifestyle is a lifestyle type, in which one is physically inactive and does little or no physical movement and/or exercise. A person living a sedentary lifestyle is often sitting or lying down while engaged in an activity like socializing, watching TV, playing video games, reading or using a mobile phone or computer for much of the day. A sedentary lifestyle contributes to poor health quality, diseases as well as many preventable causes of death.

Sitting time is a common measure of a sedentary lifestyle. A global review representing 47% of the global adult population found that the average person sits down for 4.7 to 6.5 hours a day with the average going up every year.

Screen time is a term for the amount of time a person spends looking at a screen such as a television, computer monitor, or mobile device. Excessive screen time is linked to negative health consequences.
Rupert Neudeck
Rupert Neudeck (German: [ˈnɔʏdɛk]; 14 May 1939 – 31 May 2016) was a German theologican, journalist and aid worker, especially with refugees.

He started as a correspondent for Deutschlandfunk, a German public broadcaster. Later, he focused on assisting those fleeing conflict, and assisted thousands of refugees from Vietnam in the late 1970s.  Neudeck was a winner of numerous awards, including the Theodor Heuss Medal, the Bruno Kreisky Prize for Services to Human Rights, the Erich Kaestner Award and the Walter Dirks Award, and was co-founder of both the Cap Anamur and Grünhelme (Green Helmets) humanitarian organizations.

Wrzeszcz
Wrzeszcz (pronounced [vʐɛʂt͡ʂ] ⓘ, German: Langfuhr; Kashubian: Wrzészcz) is one of the boroughs of the Northern Polish city of Gdańsk. With a population of more than 65,000 in an area of 9.9 square kilometres (3.8 square miles) (population density 6,622), Wrzeszcz is the most populous part of Gdańsk.
Dos EPs
Dos EPs is the first compilation album by the American stoner rock band Nebula. It was released on May 28, 2002, by MeteorCity, and later reissued in 2018 by the band's current label, Heavy Psych Sounds Records. The album contains songs from the Nebula/Lowrider and Sun Creature EPs, as well as three new tracks.

MeteorCity
MeteorCity Records is an American record label founded in 1997 by Jadd Shickler and Aaron Emmel in Albuquerque, New Mexico. With the release of its compilation album Welcome to MeteorCity showcasing young unsigned Kyuss-like bands, MeteorCity helped launch the stoner rock genre and many of the genre's first bands, plus side projects from members of well-known bands including The Atomic Bitchwax and Hermano. MeteorCity Records was one of the first record labels dedicated exclusively to Stoner rock, doom metal, sludge metal, drone metal and psychedelic rock.
Dietrich Wagner
Dietrich Wagner  (1944 – 28 June 2023) was a German engineer who suffered permanent damage to his eyes due to the Police using a water cannon during the 30 September 2010 "Black Thursday" Stuttgart 21 railway station reconstruction project protests. He was 66 at the time.

Water cannon
A water cannon is a device that shoots a high-velocity stream of water. Typically, a water cannon can deliver a large volume of water, often over dozens of meters. They are used in firefighting, large vehicle washing, riot control, and mining. Most water cannons fall under the category of a fire monitor.
Gaius Aurunculeius (praetor 209 BC)
Gaius Aurunculeius was a nobleman of ancient Rome, of the Aurunculeia gens. He served as praetor in 209 BC, during the Second Punic War, and had the Roman province of Sardinia as his command. He was assigned the legions of Publius Manlius Vulso. He was also given 50 warships that Scipio Africanus had brought from Hispania.

Praetor
Praetor (/ˈpriːtər/ PREE-tər, Classical Latin: [ˈprae̯tɔr]), also pretor, was the title granted by the government of ancient Rome to a man acting in one of two official capacities: (i) the commander of an army, and (ii) as an elected magistratus (magistrate), assigned to discharge various duties. The functions of the magistracy, the praetura (praetorship), are described by the adjective itself: the praetoria potestas (praetorian power), the praetorium imperium (praetorian authority), and the praetorium ius (praetorian law), the legal precedents established by the praetores (praetors). Praetorium, as a substantive, denoted the location from which the praetor exercised his authority, either the headquarters of his castra, the courthouse (tribunal) of his judiciary, or the city hall of his provincial governorship. The minimum age for holding the praetorship was 39 during the Roman Republic, but it was later changed to 30 in the early Empire.
Matthew Orzech
Matthew Robert Orzech (born April 12, 1995) is an American professional football long snapper for the Green Bay Packers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Azusa Pacific Cougars, and was signed by the Baltimore Ravens as an undrafted free agent in 2019. He has also played for the Jacksonville Jaguars, Miami Dolphins, Tennessee Titans, and the Los Angeles Rams. He became a Super Bowl champion after the Rams won Super Bowl LVI.

Long snapper
In gridiron football, the long snapper (or deep snapper) is a center on special teams whose duty is to snap the football over a longer distance, typically around 15 yards during punts, and 7–8 yards during field goals and conversion attempts.
AA Bronson
AA Bronson OC RCA (born Michael Tims in Vancouver in 1946) is an artist. He was a founding member of the artists' group General Idea, was president and director of Printed Matter, Inc., and started the NY Art Book Fair and the LA Art Book Fair.

National Portrait Gallery (United States)
The National Portrait Gallery (NPG) is an art museum in Washington, D.C., United States. Founded in 1962 and opened in 1968, it is part of the Smithsonian Institution. Its collections focus on images of American artists, politicians, scientists, inventors, activists, and performers who have contributed to the nation's history, development, and culture. Along with the Smithsonian American Art Museum, the museum is housed in the historic Old Patent Office Building.
Indian cricket team in England in 1952
The Indian cricket team toured England in the 1952 season. The team played four Test matches, losing three of them and drawing the other one. In all first-class matches, they played 29, winning four and losing five, with the rest drawn. At the first Test in Headingley, India lost four wickets for no runs at the start of their second innings.

This was the first tour of India to England after Independence from United Kingdom

1952 English cricket season
1952 was the 53rd season of County Championship cricket in England. It was the beginning of Surrey's period of dominance as they won the first of seven successive County Championships. England defeated India 3–0 in the Test series.
Yerba buena
Yerba buena or hierba buena is the Spanish name for a number of aromatic plants, most of which belong to the mint family. Yerba buena translates as "good herb". The specific plant species regarded as yerba buena varies from region to region, depending on what grows wild in the surrounding landscape, or which species is customarily grown in local gardens. Perhaps the most common variation of this plant is spearmint (Mentha spicata). The term has been (and is currently) used to cover a number of aromatic true mints and mint relatives of the genera Clinopodium, Satureja or Micromeria. All plants so named are associated with medicinal properties, and some have culinary value as herbal teas or seasonings as well.

Clinopodium
Clinopodium is a genus of flowering plants in the family Lamiaceae, in the subtribe Menthinae. Clinopodium belongs to a large and complex group of genera including many New World mints such as Hedeoma, Monarda, and Pycnanthemum, and this group is in turn a sister clade to Mentha. The genus name Clinopodium is derived from the Latin clinopodion, from the Ancient Greek κλινοπόδιον (klinopódion), from κλίνη (klínē) "bed" and πόδιον (pódion) "little foot". These were names for Clinopodium vulgare. They allude to the form of the calyx.

Clinopodium species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Coleophora albitarsella.

Various Clinopodium species are used as medicinal herbs. For example, C. macrostemum is used in Mexico as a tea under the name poleo or yerba de borracho to cure hangovers, stomach aches, and liver disease.
Amaël Moinard
Amaël Moinard (born 2 February 1982 in Cherbourg) is a French former professional road bicycle racer, who competed professionally between 2005 and 2019 for the Cofidis, BMC Racing Team and Arkéa–Samsic teams. In his first year with the BMC Racing Team in 2011, Moinard rode the Tour de France as a teammate for Cadel Evans who won the race.

Moinard announced at the end of Tour de France that he would retire at the end of the 2019 season.

Cofidis (cycling team)
Cofidis  (UCI team code: COF) is a French professional road bicycle racing team sponsored by a money-lending company, Cofidis.  It was started in 1996 by Cyrille Guimard, the former manager of Bernard Hinault, Greg LeMond and Laurent Fignon of the Renault–Elf–Gitane team of the 1980s. The team's sponsor has supported the team despite repeated problems such as doping scandals. After it was part of the UCI ProTour for the ProTour's first five seasons, from 2010 the team competed as a UCI Professional Continental team. The team joined the UCI World Tour for the 2020 season.
Rolki
Rolki [ˈrɔlkʲi] (German: Rollken) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Biała Piska, within Pisz County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south-east of Biała Piska, 23 km (14 mi) east of Pisz, and 110 km (68 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Biała Piska
Biała Piska [ˈbʲawa ˈpʲiska] ⓘ (former Polish: Biała; German: Bialla, 1938-45: Gehlenburg, 1334: Gailen) is a town in Pisz County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, Poland, with 3,986 inhabitants as of December 2021.

Biała Piska is a member of Cittaslow.