hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Necip Asım Yazıksız
Necip Asım Yazıksız (29 December 1861 – 12 December 1935) was a Turkish historian, linguist, and politician, known for his studies on various Turkish dialects and having served as MP in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th Parliaments of Turkey representing Erzurum.

Erzurum Province
Erzurum Province (Turkish: Erzurum ili) is a province and metropolitan municipality in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Its area is 25,006 km2, and its population is 749,754 (2022). The capital of the province is the city of Erzurum. It is the fourth largest province in all of Turkey. It is bordered by the provinces of Kars and Ağrı to the east, Muş and Bingöl to the south, Erzincan and Bayburt to the west, Rize and Artvin to the north and Ardahan to the northeast. The governor of the province is Mustafa Çiftçi, appointed in August 2023. The province has a Turkish majority.
235th Battalion, CEF
The 235th Battalion, CEF was a unit in the Canadian Expeditionary Force during the First World War.  Based in Bowmanville, Ontario, the unit began recruiting in the Spring of 1916 in Northumberland and Durham Counties.  After sailing to England in May 1917, the battalion was absorbed into the 3rd Reserve Battalion on May 14, 1917.  The 235th Battalion, CEF had one Officer Commanding: Lieut-Col. S. B. Scobell.

Bowmanville
Bowmanville is a community of approximately 60,000 people located in the Municipality of Clarington, Durham Region, Ontario, Canada. It is approximately 75 km (47 mi) east of Toronto, and 15 km (9.3 mi) east of Oshawa along Highway 2. Bowmanville was first incorporated as a town in 1858, but later incorporated with the neighbouring townships of Clarke and Darlington in 1974 forming the Town of Newcastle, which was renamed in 1994 to the Municipality of Clarington. Bowmanville is part of the Greater Toronto Area.
Alexander Wong (scientist)
Alexander Wong is a professor in the Department of Systems Design Engineering and a Co-Director of the Vision and Image Processing Research Group at the University of Waterloo. He is the Canada Research Chair in Artificial Intelligence and Medical Imaging, a Founding Member of the Waterloo Artificial Intelligence Institute and a Member of the College of the Royal Society of Canada and a Fellow of the Institute of Engineering and Technology. He is also a Fellow of the Institute of Physics, a Fellow in the International Society for Design and Development in Education, a Fellow of the Royal Society for Public Health and a Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine.

International Society for Design and Development in Education
The International Society for Design and Development in Education (ISDDE) was formed in 2005 with the goal of improving educational design in mathematics and science education around the world. Educational design has been an invisible topic relative to educational research, and there has been very little direct attention focused on design principles and design processes in educational design.
Edward Hawrot
Edward Hawrot is an American medical scientist, and currently the Alva O. Way University Professor of Medical Science at Brown University. He was previously the Upjohn Professor from 2001 to 2008.

He earned a PHD at Harvard University.

Biomedical scientist
A biomedical scientist is a scientist trained in biology, particularly in the context of medical laboratory sciences or laboratory medicine. These scientists work to gain knowledge on the main principles of how the human body works and to find new ways to cure or treat disease by developing advanced diagnostic tools or new therapeutic strategies. The research of biomedical scientists is referred to as biomedical research.
Dumaguete Science High School
Ramon Teves Pastor Memorial - Dumaguete Science High School (RTPM-DSHS) is a public science high school in Dumaguete, Philippines.  It is a DepEd-recognized science high school and serves as the Regional Science High School for the Negros Island Region.

Negros Island Region
The Negros Island Region (Tagalog: Rehiyon ng Pulo ng Negros; Cebuano: Rehiyon sa Pulo sa Negros; Hiligaynon: Rehiyon sang Pulo sang Negros; Spanish: Región de Negros; NIR) is an administrative region in the Philippines. It includes the islands of Negros and Siquijor, and comprises the provinces of Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, and Siquijor, along with the highly urbanized city of Bacolod, the region's most populous city. The regional centers are Bacolod and Dumaguete.

The region was originally established on May 29, 2015, comprising the provinces of Negros Occidental, Negros Oriental, and the city of Bacolod, all located on the island of Negros. However, the NIR was abolished on August 9, 2017. Nearly seven years later, the region was re-established on June 11, 2024, this time including Siquijor, an island province southeast of Negros that was previously part of Central Visayas.
Gamage Point
Gamage Point is a rock point that marks the north side of the entrance to Hero Inlet on the southwest side of Anvers Island in Antarctica. The United States Antarctic Research Program Palmer Station is located on this point. The name, applied by the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names, is in association with Hero Inlet inasmuch as it was the Harvey F. Gamage shipyard in South Bristol, Maine, that built the research vessel Hero.

Anvers Island
Anvers Island or Antwerp Island or Antwerpen Island or Isla Amberes is a high, mountainous island 61 km (38 miles) long, the largest in the Palmer Archipelago of Antarctica. It was discovered by John Biscoe in 1832 and named in 1898 by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition under Adrien de Gerlache after the province of Antwerp in Belgium. It lies south-west of Brabant Island at the south-western end of the group. The south-western coastline of the island forms part of the Southwest Anvers Island and Palmer Basin Antarctic Specially Managed Area (ASMA 7). Cormorant Island, an Important Bird Area, lies 1 km off the south coast.

There is a small science outpost called Palmer Station on the south end of Anvers island since the late 1960s; it is the smallest and farthest north of three the U.S. has on the continent. It is staffed by a few dozen people mostly doing marine and biology research, and is usually resupplied by ship as it has no regular airport.
Linn Shuttle
The Linn Shuttle bus system serves the Sweet Home and Linn County, Oregon area. It operates a fixed-route shuttle service around Sweet Home, serving Sweet Home, Albany, and Lebanon in Linn County. The shuttle also connects to Albany Transit, Linn-Benton Loop, Corvallis Transit, Greyhound and Amtrak.

In 2015, the Linn Shuttle added two Blue Bird Vision Propane buses to its fleet, used primarily on the main Linn Shuttle route. The Linn Shuttle also uses 2013 Freightliner buses. The Linn Shuttle still uses a Chevrolet bus and a Ford bus as back-up buses.

Linn County, Oregon
Linn County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2023 census population estimates, the population was 131,496. The county seat is Albany. The county is named in the honor of Lewis F. Linn, a U.S. Senator from Missouri who advocated the American settlement of the Oregon Country. Linn County comprises the Albany, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area, which is included in the Portland-Vancouver-Salem, OR-WA Combined Statistical Area. It is located in the Willamette Valley. In 2010, the center of population of Oregon was located in Linn County, near the city of Lyons.
RedNation Online
RedNation Online is a Canadian online magazine for Canadian soccer news.

The site covers Toronto FC, Vancouver Whitecaps FC, CF Montreal and the men's and women's program. In 2012, the site was awarded the Canadian Online Publishing Awards' Gold Award for Best Online-Only Publication Website.

Canada women's national soccer team
The Canada women's national soccer team (French: Équipe du Canada de soccer féminine) represents Canada in international soccer competitions. They are overseen by the Canadian Soccer Association, the governing body for soccer in Canada.

The team reached international prominence at the 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup, losing in the bronze medal match to the United States. Canada qualified for its first Olympic women's soccer tournament in 2008, making it to the quarter-finals. Canada's most significant achievement has been winning the gold medal at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. The team is also two-time CONCACAF Women's Championship winners, and two-time Olympic bronze medallists.

Canada hosted the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup, where they were eliminated in the quarterfinals by England. Canada set a new tournament and team record for attendance in the process, with 1,353,506 and 54,027, respectively.
Bellingcat: Truth in a Post-Truth World
Bellingcat: Truth in a Post-Truth World is a 2018 documentary film that explores the investigative journalism work published of Bellingcat, including the Skripal poisoning and the crash of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17.

The film has been screened both in the International Documentary Filmfestival Amsterdam in 2018 and in the Human Rights Watch Film Festival in 2019.

The film won the RTBF award at the festival des Liberétes 2019. In November 2019, it won an International Emmy Award in the documentary category.

RTBF
The Radio-télévision belge de la Communauté française ("Belgian Radio-television  of the French Community"), shortened to RTBF (branded as rtbf.be), is a public service broadcaster for the French-speaking community of Belgium. Its counterpart in the Flemish Community is the Dutch-language VRT (Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroeporganisatie), and in the German-speaking minority it is BRF (Belgischer Rundfunk).

The RTBF operates five television channels (La Une, Tipik, La Trois, Arte Belgique and TipikVision) together with a number of radio channels, including La Première, RTBF Mix, VivaCité, Musiq'3, Classic 21, and Tipik.

The organisation's headquarters in Brussels, which is shared with VRT, is sometimes referred to colloquially as Reyers. This comes from the name of the avenue where the RTBF/VRT's main building is located, the Boulevard Auguste Reyers/Auguste Reyerslaan.
Ivana Šojat
Ivana Šojat (born 26 February 1971) is a Croatian writer from Osijek. She published poetry, novellas, essays, short stories and novels, the most famous of which is Unterstadt.

Upon its release, it won several prestigious literary awards, and was adapted and put onstage as a theatrical play.

Croatian National Theatre, Osijek
The Croatian National Theatre (Croatian: Hrvatsko narodno kazalište u Osijeku) is a theatre building in Osijek, capital of the Croatian region of Slavonia.

Opened in 1866, and the building was expanded and fully completed in 1907 according to the plans of its local architect, Karlo Klausner. Designed in baroque style and exterior, it was damaged by the JNA during the Croatian War of Independence in the 1990s, and has been extensively restored. The theatre was officially re-opened by then-President of Croatia, Franjo Tuđman in December 1994.

A McDonald's restaurant occupies the street-front area of the theatre.
Ginisang munggo
Ginisang munggo is a Filipino savory mung bean soup. It is made with mung beans, garlic, tomatoes, onions, various vegetables, and patis (fish sauce). It is cooked with pork, tinapa (smoked fish), daing (dried fish), or other seafood and meat. It is also commonly garnished with chicharon. The name means "sauteed mung bean", though the dish ends up being a soup. The name is in reference to the first step of the cooking process where the spices and the secondary ingredients are sauteed before water and the mung beans are added.

A variant of the dish includes coconut milk and is known as ginisang munggo sa gata. It should not be confused with ginataang munggo which is a dessert gruel made from glutinous rice and mung beans.

The dish may be cooked with Himbabao (Broussonetia luzonica) or Birch flower. In the vernacular its names include Alibabag, Ambabaay, Aplit, Babayan, Bulaloy, Bungon and Kama-a.

Bagoong
Bagoóng (Tagalog pronunciation: [bɐɡuˈʔoŋ]; buh-goo-ONG) is a Philippine condiment partially or completely made of either fermented fish (bagoóng isdâ) or krill or shrimp paste (bagoóng alamáng) with salt. The fermentation process also produces fish sauce known as patís.

The preparation of bagoóng can vary regionally in the Philippines.
Escape Plan 2: Hades
Escape Plan 2: Hades is a 2018 American direct-to-video prison action thriller film directed by Steven C. Miller. It is the sequel to the 2013 film Escape Plan, and the second installment in the Escape Plan film series. It stars Sylvester Stallone and Curtis Jackson reprising their roles from the first film, with Dave Bautista, Huang Xiaoming, Jaime King, Jesse Metcalfe, Titus Welliver, and Wes Chatham joining the cast. Escape Plan 2: Hades was released straight-to-DVD in the United States but received theatrical releases in such countries as Russia on June 28, 2018, and in China on June 29, 2018. The film received negative reviews from critics; it grossed $17.6 million in some theaters and $4.2 million in domestic home market against a production budget of $20 million.

A sequel, Escape Plan: The Extractors, was released in 2019.

Escape Plan (film series)
The Escape Plan film series consists of three American prison action-thrillers based on characters created by Miles Chapman and Arnell Jesko. The series is centered on Ray Breslin, a security analyst and escape artist who helps design supermax prisons by posing as an inmate to find their flaws; later films center on his security and hostage rescue firm. The series stars Sylvester Stallone, with a supporting cast including Arnold Schwarzenegger, Dave Bautista and Curtis "50 Cent" Jackson as allies and associates of Breslin. All entries in the series since the second film have primarily been released direct-to-video, though they have also been released in some theaters. The series has received a mixed-to-negative critical response.
Opletnya
Opletnya is a village in Svoge Municipality, Sofia Province, western Bulgaria.

The village is located 24 km northeast of the Bulgarian capital, Svoge. It is situated in a mountainous region, within the Iskar River valley at an altitude of 421 meters. The area falls within the temperate climate zone, with cold winters, cool summers, and early autumn. The permanent population is around 88 people, with the village connected to surrounding settlements by bus and railway. The village has stores, a community center, and water and electricity systems. According to legend, the name of the village is derived from the braided hair of a young woman twisted around the largest tree. The village is home to several natural attractions, such as the Lakatnishki rocks, Skaklya waterfall, and the Vazov Eco Path.

Svoge Municipality
Svoge Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Своге, romanized: Obština Svoge) is located in western Bulgaria and is a part of Sofia Province. It covers a territory of 868,6 km2 and has a population of around 21,000 people, more than 1/3 of which lives in the town of Svoge itself. The municipality also includes 37 villages. The municipality is one of the largest by area in the country. It neighbours Montana Province, Vratsa Province & Sofia (City of) province.
Cora Fabbri
Cora Randall Fabbri (November 27, 1871 – January 12, 1892) was an American poet.  She died at the age of twenty, shortly before her only book of poetry, Lyrics (1892), was published.

Cora Fabbri was born on November 27, 1871 in New York City.  She was one of eight children of a wealthy Italian-American businessman, Ernesto Giuseppe Fabbri, and an American woman, Sara Randall, daughter of his business partner.  Ernesto Fabbri died in 1883, and the family moved to Florence under the care of Ernesto's brother, Egisto Paolo Fabbri, another wealthy businessman and early partner of J. P. Morgan.

Fabbri began writing and publishing poetry in magazines in her teenage years.  A collection of her work, Lyrics, was published by Harper & Brothers in 1892.  A number of poems by Fabbri were set to music by Amy Beach and Liza Lehmann.

Cora Fabbri died on 12 January 1892 in Sanremo. According to her brother, she died of a pulmonary illness ten days before the publication of Lyrics.

Harper (publisher)
Harper is an American publishing house, the flagship imprint of global publisher HarperCollins, based in New York City. Founded in New York in 1817 by James Harper and his brother John, the company operated as J. & J. Harper until 1833, when it changed its name to Harper & Brothers, reflecting the inclusion of Joseph and Fletcher Harper. Harper began publishing Harper's Magazine, Harper's Weekly, and other periodicals beginning in the 1850s. From 1962 to 1990, the company was known as Harper & Row after its merger with Row, Peterson & Company. Harper & Row was purchased in 1987 by News Corporation and combined with William Collins, Sons, its United Kingdom counterpart, in 1990 to form HarperCollins, although the Harper name has been used in its place since 2007.
National Emergency Command Post Afloat
The National Emergency Command Post Afloat (NECPA) was part of the United States government's Continuity of Operations plans during the 1960s.  It was one-third of a triad composed of airborne, ground, and sea-based assets.

Continuity of government
Continuity of government (COG) is the principle of establishing defined procedures that allow a government to continue its essential operations in case of a catastrophic event such as nuclear war.

In the United States, the Continuity of Operations Plan was activated following the September 11 attacks.
Bolivia at the 2019 Pan American Games
Bolivia competed at the 2019 Pan American Games in Lima, Peru from July 26 to August 11, 2019.

Bolivia's consisted of 49 athletes (28 men and 21 women), the highest the country has ever sent to one edition of the Pan American Games. On July 4, 2019, racquetball athlete Conrrado Moscoso was named as the country's flag bearer during the opening ceremony.

On August 10, 2019, Carlos Keller, Roland Keller and Conrrado Moscoso won the gold medal in the racquetball men's team competition, surpassing the bronze medal won four years earlier in at the 2015 Pan American Games in Toronto. Reserve Kadim Carrasco was also awarded a medal. This marked Bolivia's first ever gold medal at the Pan American Games. Overall the country won five medals, the most at any edition of the games, and ranked 19th overall.

2019 Pan American Games opening ceremony
The opening ceremony of the 2019 Pan American Games took place on Friday July 26, 2019, at the Estadio Nacional del Perú in Lima, Peru, and ran from 20:00 to 23:05 PET. The ceremony was entitled "Amazing Peru!" and featured a stage designed as Pariacaca, the sacred mountain of Lima. It was produced by Italian company Balich Worldwide Shows and directed by creative director Francisco Negrin.
Gamers (album)
Gamers is the second studio album by American hip-hop duo The Conscious Daughters. It was released on March 5, 1996, via Priority Records. Recording sessions took place at Infinite Studios in Alameda, Mobbin' Studios in Fairfield, Scarface Sound West in Redwood City, The Mobb Shop in Vallejo, Conscious Sound Productions in San Rafael and Hyde Street Studios in San Francisco. Production was handled by Paris, Tone Capone, Michael Denten, Mike Mosley, Nate Fox, Rose and Studio Ton, with co-producers Sam Bostic, Scott Gordon and the Conscious Daughters themselves.

The album peaked at number 29 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart in the United States. Its lead single, "Gamers", made it to number 24 on the Bubbling Under Hot 100, number 65 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs, number 25 on the Hot Rap Songs and number 60 on the Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles Sales charts.

Paris (rapper)
Oscar Jackson Jr. (born October 29, 1967), better known by his stage name Paris, is an American rapper and record producer from San Francisco, California, known for his highly charged political and socially conscious lyrics. Influenced by the Black Panthers, he was once a member of the Nation of Islam.
Pholidosaurus
Pholidosaurus is an extinct genus of neosuchian crocodylomorph. It is the type genus of the family Pholidosauridae. Fossils have been found in northwestern Germany. The genus is known to have existed during the Berriasian-Albian stages of the Early Cretaceous. Fossil material found from the Annero and Jydegård Formations in  Skåne, Sweden and on the island of Bornholm, Denmark, have been referred to as a mesoeucrocodylian, and possibly represent the genus Pholidosaurus.

Berriasian
In the geological timescale, the Berriasian is an age or stage of the Early Cretaceous. It is the oldest subdivision in the entire Cretaceous. It has been estimated to span the time between 143.1 ± 0.6 and 137.05 ± 0.2 Ma (million years ago). The Berriasian succeeds the Tithonian (part of the Jurassic) and precedes the Valanginian.
Rollei 35
The Rollei 35 is a 35mm miniature viewfinder camera built by Rollei. The original Rollei 35, when introduced at photokina in 1966, was the smallest existing 135 film camera. The Rollei 35 series remains one of the smallest 35 mm cameras after the Minox 35 and Minolta TC-1. In 30 years, about 2 million Rollei 35 series cameras were manufactured. The Rollei 35 was manufactured by DHW Fototechnik up to 2015, the successor of Franke & Heidecke as small-batch production. The last version is the Rollei 35 Classic, an updated Rollei 35 S.

Friedrich Deckel
Friedrich Deckel GmbH, also known as F. Deckel, was a German company founded by Friedrich Deckel and Christian Bruns in Munich as Bruns & Deckel in 1903. Its most famous product is the Compur line of leaf shutters used on many photographic lenses starting from 1911. Bruns and Deckel previously had worked together at C. A. Steinheil & Söhne; Bruns was an inventor responsible for developing leaf shutters while Deckel was a laboratory mechanic.
HMS Nassau (1785)
HMS Nassau was a 64-gun third rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, launched on 28 September 1785 by Hilhouse in Bristol.

One of her first ship's surgeons is thought to be John Sylvester Hay. He died young but he was the father of the actress Harriett Litchfield.

During the Nore Mutiny she was commanded by Captain Edward O'Bryen. She was converted for use as a troopship in 1797.

Nassau was wrecked on the Kicks sandbar off Texel, the Netherlands, on 14 October 1799, there being 205 survivors and about 100 lives lost.

Spithead and Nore mutinies
The Spithead and Nore mutinies were two major mutinies by sailors of the Royal Navy in 1797. They were the first in an increasing series of outbreaks of maritime radicalism in the Atlantic World. Despite their temporal proximity, the mutinies differed in character. The Spithead mutiny was a simple, peaceful, successful strike action to address economic grievances, while the Nore mutiny was a more radical action, articulating political ideals as well, which failed.

The mutinies were extremely concerning for Britain, because at the time the country was at war with Revolutionary France, and the Navy was the main component of the war effort. There were also concerns among the government that the mutinies might be part of wider attempts at revolutionary sedition instigated by societies such as the London Corresponding Society and the United Irishmen.
Kickin' and Screamin'
Kickin' and Screamin' is the fourth studio album by American rapper Krizz Kaliko. It was released on May 15, 2012 via Strange Music. Production was handled by Seven, Young Fyre and Ben Cybulsky. It features guest appearances from Tech N9ne, Big Scoob, Twiztid, 816 Boyz, Bernz, Chamillionaire, Prozak, Rittz, Scenario, T-Pain, Twista and Wrekonize. The album debuted at number 43 on the Billboard 200, number 7 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums, number 4 on the Top Rap Albums and number 11 on the Independent Albums charts in the United States, making it his most successful album.

Wrekonize
Benjamin Miller (born 5 May 1983), better known by his stage name Wrekonize, is an American underground rapper and current member of Miami band ¡Mayday!. He is currently signed to the record label Mayday Music, after previously being signed to Tech N9ne's Strange Music.