hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nam Ja-hyeon
Nam Ja-hyeon (Korean: 남자현; 7 December 1872 – 22 August 1933) was a Korean independence activist.

She participated in the March 1st Movement and went into exile to Manchuria, joined an independence revolution organization and carried out various independence movements, including an attempt to assassinate Japanese Governor-General of Korea, Makoto Saito. She is often compared to An Jung-geun, who assassinated Ito Hirobumi.

She was posthumously awarded the Order of Merit for National Foundation in 1962. The character in the 2015 film Assassination Ahn Ok-yoon was based on her.

Assassination (2015 film)
Assassination (Korean: 암살; RR: Amsal) is a 2015 South Korean period spy action thriller film co-written and directed by Choi Dong-hoon. The film, mainly set in 1930s Seoul and Shanghai during the Japanese occupation of Korea, depicts a group of Korean resistance fighters' plan to assassinate a highly ranked Japanese officer. The film drew over 12.7 million admissions, and is currently the eleventh-highest-grossing movie in South Korean film history. Assassination also won Best Film at the 36th Blue Dragon Film Awards and 52nd Baeksang Arts Awards.
Perfect Day (Chris Whitley album)
Perfect Day is the sixth album by singer-songwriter and guitarist, Chris Whitley. It is his fifth studio album.

It is a full-length release of "quiet jazzy" cover versions of "love songs". The album was recorded as a trio and is subtitled "Featuring Billy Martin and Chris Wood". Martin and Wood are the rhythm section of Medeski Martin & Wood.

It was produced by Craig Street. The album was recorded live to half-inch two-track recorder by Danny Kopelson at 331⁄3 Recording in Brooklyn, New York.

This recording was also released in the Super Audio CD (SACD) format.

Medeski Martin & Wood
Medeski Martin & Wood (or MMW) is an American jazz fusion band formed in 1991, consisting of John Medeski on keyboards, Billy Martin on drums, and Chris Wood on bass. The band is influenced by musical traditions including funk and hip hop and is known for an unconventional style sometimes described as "avant-groove".

MMW has found moderate mainstream success, often working with guitarist John Scofield and touring on the jam band circuit.
'Sang Linggo nAPO Sila
'Sang Linggo nAPO Sila (They Are Now On All Week) is a Tagalog-language  Philippine television variety show broadcast by ABS-CBN. Hosted by Apo Hiking Society, it aired from February 4, 1995 to November 28, 1998, replacing Eat Bulaga! and replaced by Magandang Tanghali Bayan.

Randy Santiago
Randy Gerard Legaspi Santiago (born November 26, 1960) is a Filipino actor, comedian, television host, musician, director, producer  and entrepreneur. He is the older brother of Raymart Santiago, Rowell Santiago and Reily Pablo L. Santiago Jr. He graduated from De La Salle University.

As an actor, Santiago has acted in movies such as Paikot-ikot, released in 1990, Pera o Bayong (Not da TV)! (2000), in which he portrayed Tiburcio, and Taray at Teroy (1988). As a film producer, he has produced movies such as "JR", released in 1983, and "Daniel Bartolo ng Sapang Bato" (1982).
Jialingpus
Jialingpus is an ichnogenus of dinosaur, likely a theropod. Its footprints have been found in the Feitianshan Formation, a low-energy lake formation. Holotype is SCFP-24, which was found in Late Jurassic (Oxfordian)-aged Yuechi tracksite at Huanglong, China. These footprints were found within the vicinity of those of the smaller theropod Minisauripus, meaning that Jialingpus likely hunted Minisauripus.

Late Jurassic
The Late Jurassic is the third epoch of the Jurassic period, and it spans the geologic time from 161.5 ± 1.0 to 143.1 ± 0.6 million years ago (Ma), which is preserved in Upper Jurassic strata.

In European lithostratigraphy, the name "Malm" indicates rocks of Late Jurassic age. In the past, Malm was also used to indicate the unit of geological time, but this usage is now discouraged to make a clear distinction between lithostratigraphic and geochronologic/chronostratigraphic units.
Stan Weir (academic)
Stan Weir (1921–2001) was an influential blue-collar intellectual, socialist, and labor leader. A rank-and-file worker for most of his life, Weir worked as a seaman in the Merchant Marine during World War II, as an auto worker, longshoreman, truck driver, and painter, before taking a position at the University of Illinois, where he taught courses to union locals.

Politically, he was a leading figure in the "Third Camp" tendency of Trotskyism, and was a member of the Workers Party and its successor the Independent Socialist League. The character Joe Link in Harvey Swados’s novel Standing Fast was based on Weir.

In the 1980s he co-founded Singlejack Books, a publishing house for worker writers. A close friend to James Baldwin, Staughton Lynd and C.L.R. James, Weir was at the forefront of much of the labor movement during the second half of the twentieth century.

House painter and decorator
A house painter and decorator is a tradesperson responsible for the painting and decorating of buildings, and is also known as a decorator, or house painter. The purpose of painting is to improve the appearance of a building and to protect it from damage by water, corrosion, insects and mould. House painting can also be a form of artistic and/or cultural expression such as Ndebele house painting.
Leonid Golikov
Leonid Aleksandrovich Golikov (Russian: Леонид Александрович Голиков); (17 June 1926 – 24 January 1943) was a Soviet partisan during World War II who was posthumously recognized as a pioneer hero and received the Hero of the Soviet Union.

Mari El
Mari El, officially the Mari El Republic, is a republic of Russia. It is in the European region of the country, along the northern bank of the Volga River, and administratively part of the Volga Federal District. The republic has a population of 696,459 (2010 Census). Yoshkar-Ola is the capital and largest city.

Mari El, one of Russia's ethnic republics, was established for the indigenous Mari people, a Finno-Ugric nation who have traditionally lived along the Volga and Kama Rivers. The majority of the republic's population are ethnic Russians (52.5%), with a significant Mari minority (40.1%), and smaller minority populations of Tatars and Chuvash. The official languages are Russian and Mari. Mari El is bordered by Nizhny Novgorod Oblast to the west, Kirov Oblast to the north, Tatarstan to the east, and Chuvashia to the south.
Ioannis Zisis
Ioannis Zisis (Greek: Ιωάννης Ζήσης, 1881–1941) was a Hellenic Army General during World War II.

He was born in village Makri, near to Makrakomi, Fthiotida.

Prior to and during the German invasion of Greece, Major General Zisis was commander of the Evros Brigade (Ταξιαρχία Έβρου) deployed in Western Thrace and consisting of 2,100 men. In the Battle of Metaxas Line (April 6–9, 1941), the numerically and technically superior German Army invaded Greece from the Bulgarian border. However, the Greek fortifications at Nymfaia, near Komotini were able to provide a two-day resistance against enemy attacks.

After the battle, the retreating Greek soldiers in Western Thrace were ordered by their headquarters to move across the Evros river to Turkey. General Zisis found this turn of events too humiliating and preferred to commit suicide, while his soldiers were disarmed and interned by the Turks.

Phthiotis
Phthiotis (Greek: Φθιώτιδα, Fthiótida [fθi'otiða]; ancient Greek and Katharevousa: Φθιῶτις) is one of the regional units of Greece. It is part of the administrative region of Central Greece. The capital is the city of Lamia.  It is bordered by the Malian Gulf to the east, Boeotia in the south, Phocis in the south, Aetolia-Acarnania in the southwest, Evrytania in the west, Karditsa regional unit in the north, Larissa regional unit in the north, and Magnesia in the northeast.  The name dates back to ancient times. It is best known as the home of Achilles.
Proximal gradient methods for learning
Proximal gradient (forward backward splitting) methods for learning is an area of research in optimization and statistical learning theory which studies algorithms for a general class of convex regularization problems where the regularization penalty may not be differentiable. One such example is  regularization (also known as Lasso) of the form

Proximal gradient methods offer a general framework for solving regularization problems from statistical learning theory with penalties that are tailored to a specific problem application. Such customized penalties can help to induce certain structure in problem solutions, such as sparsity (in the case of lasso) or group structure (in the case of  group lasso).

Mathematical optimization
Mathematical optimization (alternatively spelled optimisation) or mathematical programming is the selection of a best element, with regard to some criteria, from some set of available alternatives. It is generally divided into two subfields: discrete optimization and continuous optimization. Optimization problems arise in all quantitative disciplines from computer science and engineering to operations research and economics, and the development of solution methods has been of interest in mathematics for centuries.

In the more general approach, an optimization problem consists of maximizing or minimizing a real function by systematically choosing input values from within an allowed set and computing the value of the function. The generalization of optimization theory and techniques to other formulations constitutes a large area of applied mathematics.
PSMS Medan
Persatuan Sepakbola Medan dan Sekitarnya, commonly known as PSMS, is an Indonesian professional football club based in Medan, North Sumatra. It is one of Indonesia's most successful clubs. They currently compete in Championship, the second level in Indonesian football tier.

1998–99 Liga Indonesia Premier Division
The 1998–99 Liga Indonesia Premier Division was the 5th season of the Liga Indonesia Premier Division, the top division of Indonesian football. The season began on 1 November 1998 and ended on 9 April 1999. The league was made up of 28 clubs. PSIS won the title after beating the defending champions, Persebaya 1–0 in the final.
Phytoptus avellanae
Phytoptus avellanae is an acarine gall-mite species inducing big bud galls of up to 10 millimetres (0.39 in) across, sometimes slightly open, on the buds of hazel (Corylus avellana) and on filbert (Corylus maxima). Synonyms include Phytocoptella avellanae, Eriophyes avellanae, Calycophthora avellanae, Phytoptus coryli, Phytoptus pseudogallarum, and Acarus pseudogallarum. The mites are white, about 0.3 mm long, with numerous tergites and sternites. Two forms of P. avellanae exist, a gall causer and a vagrant form that has a more complex life-cycle and does not form galls.

Common names include - DE: Haselnussgallmilbe, Haselnuss-Knospengallmilbe, ES: Badoc del avellano, FR: Phytopte du noisetier, IT: Eriofide del nocciolo, GB: Filbert bud mite, Hazelnut gall mite, TR: Fındık kozalak akarı.

Tergum
A tergum (Latin for "the back"; pl.: terga, associated adjective tergal) is the dorsal ('upper') portion of an arthropod segment other than the head. The anterior edge is called the 'base' and posterior edge is called the 'apex' or 'margin'. A given tergum may be divided into hardened plates or sclerites commonly referred to as tergites.

In a thoracic segment, for example, the tergum may be divided into an anterior notum and a posterior scutellum. Lateral extensions of a tergite are known as paranota (Greek for "alongside the back") or carinae (Latin for "keel"), exemplified by the flat-backed millipedes of the order Polydesmida.

Kinorhynchs have tergal and sternal plates too, though seemingly not homologous with those of arthropods.

Tergo-tergal is a stridulatory mechanism in which fine spines of the abdominal tergites are rubbed together to produce sound. This process is known as abdominal telescoping.
Giuseppe Pecci
Giuseppe Pecci S.J. (13 December 1807 – 8 February 1890) was a Jesuit Thomist theologian, whose younger brother, Gioacchino, became Pope Leo XIII and appointed him a cardinal. The Neo-Thomist revival, which Pecci and Leo XIII originated in 1879, remained the leading papal philosophy until Vatican II. He was the last papal relative elevated to cardinal.

Prefect
Prefect (from the Latin praefectus, substantive adjectival form of praeficere: "put in front", meaning in charge) is a magisterial title of varying definition, but essentially refers to the leader of an administrative area.

A prefect's office, department, or area of control is called a prefecture, but in various post-Roman Empire cases there is a prefect without a prefecture or vice versa. The words "prefect" and "prefecture" are also used, more or less conventionally, to render analogous words in other languages, especially Romance languages.
Canthigaster inframacula
Canthigaster inframacula is a species of pufferfish in the family Tetraodontidae. It is native to the Pacific Ocean, where it is known from Japan, the Gulf of Tonkin, and the Hawaiian Islands. It is a benthopelagic oviparous species found at a depth range of 124 to 274 m (407 to 899 ft) and reaches 7.6 cm (3 inches) SL.

Gulf of Tonkin
The Gulf of Tonkin is a gulf at the northwestern portion of the South China Sea, located off the coasts of Tonkin (northern Vietnam) and South China. It has a total surface area of 126,250 km2 (48,750 sq mi).  It is defined in the west and northwest by the northern coastline of Vietnam down to the Cồn Cỏ island, in the north by China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, and to the east by the Leizhou Peninsula and Hainan Island.

English sources from the People's Republic of China refer to the Gulf of Tonkin as Beibu Wan.
2001 Big League World Series
The 2001 Big League World Series youth baseball tournament took place from August 4–11, 2001 in Easley, South Carolina, U.S. Westminster, California, U.S., defeated Valencia, Venezuela, in the championship game.

This was the first BLWS held in Easley.

Easley, South Carolina
Easley is a city in Pickens County (with parts extending into Anderson County) in the U.S. state of South Carolina. Most of the city lies in Pickens County, with a small portion of the city in Anderson County. As of the 2020 census, Easley had a population of 22,921.

In 2001, Easley hosted the Big League World Series for the first time, and continued to host the tournament annually until it was disbanded in 2016. In 2017, the Senior League World Series moved to Easley as the host for the annual tournament. The Upper South Carolina State Fair is located in Easley and is held annually in early September.
Text (film)
Text (Russian: Текст) is a 2019 Russian crime drama psychological thriller film directed by Klim Shipenko, an adaptation of the best-selling novel Text (2017) by writer Dmitry Glukhovsky, who adapted the novel into a movie script. The film stars Alexander Petrov, Ivan Yankovsky and Kristina Asmus.

Text was released in wide distribution in Russia on October 24, 2019. Having recouped its budget, the film achieved box office success and received generally positive reviews from Russian film critics. The film won four Golden Eagle Awards (2020) for Best Motion Picture, Best Leading Actor (Alexander Petrov), Best Supporting Actor (Ivan Yankovsky), and Best Film Editing. The film won the Nika Award for Best Screenplay (Dmitry Glukhovsky).

Dmitry Glukhovsky
Dmitry Alekseyevich Glukhovsky (Russian: Дмитрий Алексеевич Глуховский, born 12 June 1979) is a Russian and Israeli author, best known for the science fiction novel Metro 2033 and its sequels. As a journalist, Glukhovsky has worked for Euronews, RT in its early years, and others. Aside from his native Moscow, Glukhovsky has also lived in Israel, Germany, and France. He currently lives abroad due to his wanted status and prison sentence in Russia for his criticism of the Russian government and the invasion of Ukraine.
Longfin snake-eel
The longfin snake-eel (Pisodonophis cancrivorus)  is an eel in the family Ophichthidae (worm/snake eels). It was described by John Richardson in 1848. It has a Dorsal fin beginning above its pectoral fin with a snake-like upper body which is cylindrical, but compressed only along its extreme tail tip. It also has a tubular nostril in front and a nostril along lower edge of the lip in back. Colors range from grey to black to brown. Large longfin snake-eels have wrinkled skin.

Ophichthidae
Ophichthidae is a family of fish in the order Anguilliformes, commonly known as the snake eels. The term "Ophichthidae" comes from Greek ophis ("serpent") and ichthys ("fish"). Snake eels are also burrowing eels.  They are named for their physical appearance, as they have long, cylindrical, snake-like bodies. This family is found worldwide in tropical to warm temperate waters. They inhabit a wide range of habitats, from coastal shallows and even rivers, to depths below 800 m (2,600 ft). Most species are bottom dwellers, hiding in mud or sand to capture their prey of crustaceans and small fish, but some are pelagic.

These species range in total length from 5 cm (2.0 in) to 2.3 m (7.5 ft) or more. Many species lack fins altogether, improving their ability to burrow into the substrate like worms. They are often spotted or striped in colour, mimicking the appearance of venomous sea snakes to deter predators. Often, they are washed ashore by large storms.
Hawaii Island Journal
The Hawaii Island Journal was a free newspaper founded in 1999 and published on the Big Island of Hawaii three Saturdays a month.  Originally based in the Kona town of Captain Cook and later headquartered in Hilo, the Journal focused on political, environmental, and cultural news.  The print paper shut in 2008 and as of 2014, the website has not been updated since 2011.

Kona District, Hawaii
19°41′58.56″N 155°59′24.00″W﻿ / ﻿19.6996000°N 155.9900000°W﻿ / 19.6996000; -155.9900000

Kona is a moku or district on the Big Island of Hawaiʻi in the state of Hawaii, known for its Kona coffee and the Ironman World Championship Triathlon. In the administration of Hawaiʻi County, the moku of Kona is divided into North Kona District (Kona ʻAkau) and South Kona District (Kona Hema). "Kona" sometimes refers to its largest town, Kailua-Kona. Other towns in Kona include Kealakekua, Keauhou, Holualoa, Hōnaunau and Honalo.
Philadelphia Stars (baseball)
The Philadelphia Stars were a Negro league baseball team from Philadelphia. The Stars were founded in 1933 when Ed Bolden returned to professional black baseball after being idle since early 1930. The Stars were an independent ball club in 1933, a member of the Negro National League from 1934 until the League's collapse following the 1948 season, and affiliated with the Negro American League from 1949 to 1952.

In 1934, led by 20-year-old left-hander Slim Jones, the Stars defeated the Chicago American Giants in a controversial playoff series, four games to three, for the Negro National League pennant. At their high point in mid-1930s, the team starred such greats as Biz Mackey, Jud Wilson, and Dick Lundy. Following his release by Cleveland, Satchel Paige signed with the Stars in July 1950, before returning to the Majors with Bill Veeck and the St. Louis Browns.

The club disbanded after the 1952 season.

Bill Veeck
William Louis Veeck Jr. (/ˈvɛk/ VEK; February 9, 1914 – January 2, 1986), also known as "Sport Shirt Bill" and "Wild Bill" was an American Major League Baseball franchise owner and promoter. Veeck was at various times the owner of the Cleveland Indians, the St. Louis Browns, and the Chicago White Sox.

Veeck was the last owner to purchase a baseball franchise without an independent fortune and was responsible for many innovations and contributions to baseball. As owner and team president of the Indians in 1947, Veeck signed Larry Doby, thus beginning the integration of the American League, and the following year won a World Series title.

Unable to compete in the new era of salary escalation ignited by arbitration and free agency, Veeck sold his ownership interest in the White Sox after the 1980 season. He was inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame posthumously in 1991.
Zigfrīds Anna Meierovics
Zigfrīds Anna Meierovics (5 February [O.S. 24 January] 1887, Durbe – 22 August 1925, near Tukums) was a Latvian politician and diplomat who served as the first Foreign Minister of Latvia from its independence until 1924 and again from December of the same year until his death. He also served two terms as the Prime Minister of Latvia from June, 1921 to January, 1923 and from June 1923 to January, 1924. He was one of the founders of the Latvian Farmers' Union, one of Latvia's oldest political parties.

Latvian Farmers' Union
The Latvian Farmers' Union (Latvian: Latvijas Zemnieku savienība, LZS) is an agrarian political party in Latvia.

Initially formed in 1917 during the period of Latvian War of Independence (as Latviešu Zemnieku savienība), it was banned in 1934, which was notably done by its founder Kārlis Ulmanis. It was re-established in 1990. It is positioned in the centre on the political spectrum and it has expressed conservative and nationalistic rhetoric. Since 2002, the party has been a part of the Union of Greens and Farmers (ZZS). It was formerly a member of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe.
Fairmount Wildlife Management Area
Fairmount Wildlife Management Area is a Wildlife Management Area in Somerset County, Maryland. The wildlife management area comprises more than 4,000 acres (1,600 ha) of mostly marshland. It is located on the Eastern Shore of Maryland along the Chesapeake Bay between the Manokin and Annemessex Rivers in Somerset County. American black duck, northern pintail, gadwall, American wigeon, blue and green-winged teal, and many other species of waterfowl can be found in the area.

Green-winged teal
The green-winged teal (Anas carolinensis) or American teal is a common and widespread duck that breeds in the northern areas of North America except on the Aleutian Islands. It was considered conspecific with the Eurasian teal (A. crecca) for some time, but the two have since been split into separate species. The American Ornithological Society continues to debate this determination; however, nearly all other authorities consider it distinct based on behavioral, morphological, and molecular evidence. The scientific name is from Latin Anas, "duck" and carolinensis, "of Carolina".

This dabbling duck is strongly migratory and winters far south of its breeding range. It is highly gregarious outside of the breeding season and will form large flocks. In flight, the fast, twisting flocks resemble waders.
Polkemmet Country Park
Polkemmet Country Park is located 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) west of the town of Whitburn in West Lothian, Scotland and east of the village of Greenrigg. It is a 3 star Visitor Attraction (Visitscotland). It is adjacent to the M8 motorway, 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) east of the "Heart of Scotland" services at Harthill. It was developed on the estate of Polkemmet House, a country house which was demolished in the 1960s. The estate was bought by West Lothian District Council in 1978, and the country park was opened to the public in 1981. The park covers 169 hectares (420 acres), and is managed by West Lothian Council. The park is also home to the Scottish Owl Centre.

M8 motorway (Scotland)
The M8 is the busiest motorway in Scotland. It connects the country's two largest cities, Glasgow and Edinburgh, and serves other large communities including Airdrie, Coatbridge, Greenock, Livingston and Paisley. The motorway is 60 miles (97 km) long. A major construction project to build the final section between Newhouse and Baillieston was completed on 30 April 2017.  The motorway has one service station, Heart of Scotland Services, previously named Harthill due to its proximity to the village.