hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NGC 664
NGC 664 is a spiral galaxy in the constellation of Pisces. Its velocity with respect to the cosmic microwave background is 5137 ± 21 km/s, which corresponds to a Hubble distance of 247.1 ± 17.3 Mly (75.77 ± 5.31 Mpc). In addition, six non redshift measurements give a closer distance of 218.91 ± 3.66 Mly (67.117 ± 1.123 Mpc). It was discovered by British astronomer John Herschel on 24 September 1830.

John Herschel
Sir John Frederick William Herschel, 1st Baronet KH FRS (/ˈhɜːrʃəl, ˈhɛər-/; 7 March 1792 – 11 May 1871) was an English polymath active as a mathematician, astronomer, chemist, inventor and experimental photographer who invented the blueprint and did botanical work.

Herschel originated the use of the Julian day system in astronomy. He named seven moons of Saturn and four moons of Uranus – the seventh planet, discovered by his father Sir William Herschel. He made many contributions to the science of photography, and investigated colour blindness and the chemical power of ultraviolet rays. His Preliminary Discourse (1831), which advocated an inductive approach to scientific experiment and theory-building, was an important contribution to the philosophy of science.
Alcock v Chief Constable of South Yorkshire Police
Alcock v Chief Constable of South Yorkshire Police [1991] UKHL 5, [1992] 1 AC 310 is a leading English tort law case on liability for nervous shock (psychiatric injury).  The case centred upon the liability of the police for the nervous shock suffered in consequence of the events of the Hillsborough disaster.

Public liability
Public liability is part of the law of tort which focuses on civil wrongs. An applicant (the injured party) usually sues the respondent (the owner or occupier) under common law based on negligence and/or damages. Claims are usually successful when it can be shown that the owner/occupier was responsible for an injury, therefore they breached their duty of care.

The duty of care is very complex, but in basic terms it is the standard by which one would expect to be treated whilst one is in the care of another.

Once a breach of duty of care has been established, an action brought in a common law court would most likely be successful.  Based on the injuries and the losses of the applicant, the court would award a financial compensation package.
FRH
FRH can refer to:

Familial renal hypouricemia

Flameless ration heater

Frankfurt Rödelheim station, in Germany

French Lick Municipal Airport, in Indiana, United States

Future for Religious Heritage, a Belgian heritage organization

National Technological University – Haedo Regional Faculty (Spanish: Universidad Tecnológica Nacional - Facultad Regional Haedo), in Argentina

Romanian Handball Federation (Romanian: Federaţia Română de Handbal)

Flameless ration heater
A flameless ration heater (FRH), colloquially an MRE heater, is a form of self-heating food packaging included in U.S. military Meal, Ready-to-Eat (MRE) rations since 1993.

The heater is a plastic bag filled with magnesium and iron powders and table salt. When a meal pouch is placed in the bag and water is added, an exothermic reaction occurs which rapidly boils the water to heat the food.

The U.S. Army began research into a chemical method to heating meals in 1973. The FRH was first issued in May 1990, and an FRH was included with each MRE since 1993.
1987 Cricket World Cup
The 1987 Cricket World Cup (officially known as the Reliance Cup 1987 for sponsorship reasons) was the fourth Cricket World Cup. It was held from 8 October to 8 November 1987 in India and Pakistan – the first such tournament to be held outside England. The one-day format was unchanged from the eight-team 1983 event except for a reduction in the number of overs a team played from 60 to 50, the current standard for all ODIs.

The competition was won, for the first time, by Australia who defeated their arch-rivals England by seven runs in the second-most closely fought World Cup final to date in Kolkata's Eden Gardens stadium. The two host nations, India and Pakistan failed to reach the final, after both being eliminated in the semi-finals. The West Indies failed to live up to expectations and did not advance from the group stage.

Over (cricket)
In cricket, an over consists of six legal deliveries bowled from one end of a cricket pitch to the player batting at the other end, almost always by a single bowler.

A maiden over is an over in which no runs are scored that count against the bowler (so leg byes and byes may be scored as they are not counted against the bowler). A wicket maiden is a maiden over in which a wicket is also taken. Similarly, double and triple wicket maidens are when two and three wickets are taken in a maiden over.

After six deliveries the umpire calls 'over'; the fielding team switches ends, and a different bowler is selected to bowl from the opposite end. The captain of the fielding team decides which bowler will bowl any given over, and no bowler may bowl two overs in succession.
Kawaguchi foreign settlement
The Kawaguchi foreign settlement, or known as the Old Kawaguchi settlement (Japanese: 旧川口居留地), was a foreign settlement located in north Kawaguchi, straddling in western present-day Nishi-ku, Osaka as well. It was also called the former Osaka settlement (Japanese: 旧大阪居留地) and the former Osaka-Kawaguchi settlement (Japanese: 旧大阪川口居留地).

The only remnant of the foreign settlement, the Kawaguchi Christ Church Cathedral (川口基督教会), displays the Settlement's vibrant history.

Nishi-ku, Osaka
Nishi (西区, Nishi-ku) is one of 24 wards of Osaka, Japan. It is in the west of central Osaka ("Nishi" means "west"), and is generally flat. 80% of the area was destroyed by bombing in World War II, and was not regenerated until the mid-1960s.
Inamorata (novel)
Inamorata is a 2004 novel by American novelist and screenwriter Joseph Gangemi. The book was released on January 22, 2004 through Viking Adult and focuses on the investigation of Mina Crandon, a spiritualist from, the 1920s. Film rights for Inamorata were purchased in 2006 by Johnny Depp's film company, Infinitum Nihil.

Mina Crandon
Mina 'Margery' Crandon (1888–November 1, 1941) was an American psychic medium who performed under the stage name 'Margery' and claimed to channel her dead brother, Walter Stinson. Investigators who studied Crandon concluded that she had no such paranormal ability, and others detected her in outright deception. She became known as her alleged paranormal skills were touted by Sherlock Holmes author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and were disproved by magician Harry Houdini. Crandon was investigated by members of the American Society for Psychical Research and employees of the Scientific American.

Crandon was the wife of a wealthy Boston surgeon and socialite, Dr. Le Roi Goddard Crandon. Her life has been extensively documented in magic and parapsychology literature.
Seacourt Pavilion
The Seacourt Pavilion is a regional shopping center on Hooper Avenue in Toms River, New Jersey. It is right across the street from the Ocean County Mall. The mall has a gross leasable area of 253,000 sq ft (23,500 m2).

The shopping center is split-level, with the parking lot on the east side higher than on the west side. Tenants include Marshalls, Pier 1 Imports (closing 2020), AMC/Loew's Cineplex (closing August 21, 2022),  Ashley HomeStore, and HomeGoods.  Former tenants include; Old Country Buffet, LA Fitness, (which has its own porte-cochere), Lionel Kiddie City, and Nobody Beats The Wiz.

VitaNova Brands
VitaNova Brands, based in San Antonio, Texas, was an operator of a number of American national buffet chain restaurants including subsidiary company Furr's. The company owned and operated Old Country Buffet, HomeTown Buffet, and Ryan's Buffet, along with Curry House.

The company's restaurants included steak-buffets, as well as steakhouse restaurants with menus that range from grilled-to-order steaks, single-serve dishes, scratch-made soups, entrees and desserts, beverage bars, buffets, chops and grilled seafood, and others. It was previously known as Buffets, Inc. and Ovation Brands.
Maryamin, Afrin
Maryamin (Arabic: مريمين, also spelled Mariamein, Maryamayn, Mreimin Afrin or Maryamayn Afrin) is a village in northwestern Aleppo Governorate northwestern Syria. Administratively, the village belongs to Nahiya Afrin in Afrin District. Nearby localities include Jalbul to the south, Afrin to the west, Qatma to the north and A'zaz to the east. In the 2004 census, Maryamin had a population of 810. The village is inhabited by Turkmen.

Maryamin was noted as "a celebrated village of Aleppo inhabited by Turkomans" by the 13th-century Syrian geographer Yaqut al-Hamawi.

Yaqut al-Hamawi
Yāqūt Shihāb al-Dīn ibn-ʿAbdullāh al-Rūmī al-Ḥamawī (1179–1229) (Arabic: ياقوت الحموي الرومي) was a Muslim scholar of Byzantine ancestry active during the late Abbasid period (12th–13th centuries). He is known for his Mu'jam ul-Buldān, an influential work on geography containing valuable information pertaining to biography, history and literature as well as geography.
Lamballe station
Lamballe station (French: Gare de Lamballe; Breton: Ti-gar Lambal) is a railway station serving the town Lamballe, Côtes-d'Armor department, western France. It is situated on the Paris–Brest railway and the branch line to Dinan and Dol-de-Bretagne.

Côtes-d'Armor
The Côtes-d'Armor (/koʊt dɑːrmər/ koht dar-mər, /-dɑːrmɔːr/ -⁠dar-mor; French pronunciation: [kot daʁmɔʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Aodoù-an-Arvor, [ˈoːdu ãn ˈarvor]), formerly known as Côtes-du-Nord until 1990 (Breton: Aodoù-an-Hanternoz, [ˈoːdu ãn ˌhãntɛrˈnoːs]), is a department in the north of Brittany, in northwestern France. In 2019, it had a population of 600,582.
Helvetios
Helvetios is the fifth studio album by Swiss folk metal band Eluveitie. The album was released 10 February 2012 through Nuclear Blast. The CD was recorded at New Sound Studio in Pfäffikon, a municipality in the canton of Schwyz in Switzerland, with producer Tommy Vetterli. It was the last album to include violinist Meri Tadić and guitarist Simeon Koch.

Pfäffikon, Schwyz
Pfäffikon is a former municipality and principal town of the municipality of Freienbach in the canton of Schwyz, Switzerland. Together with Wollerau, Pfäffikon is considered the principal town of the district (Bezirk) of Höfe and the center of the region of Ausserschwyz. The former farm town is known for its focus on hedge funds. With 7,200 residents, Pfäffikon is the third biggest town in the canton after Küssnacht and Einsiedeln.
Oh, Ramona!
Oh, Ramona! is a 2019 Romanian coming-of-age comedy film directed by Cristina Jacob, based on the novel Suck It, Ramona! by Romanian comedian Andrei Ciobanu. The film was released in Romania on 14 February 2019 by Jacob Bros and on Netflix on 1 June 2019. Oh, Ramona! is the first Romanian film distributed worldwide on Netflix in 190 territories, dubbed in 27 languages and translated in 33 languages. During the 8 weeks of theatrical distribution, Oh, Ramona! recorded a total of 256.115 admissions, with 30,243 tickets sold on the first day and reached about 111.881 admissions after the first weekend of release.

Coming-of-age story
In genre studies, a coming-of-age story is a genre of literature, theatre, film, and video game that focuses on the growth of a protagonist from childhood to adulthood, or "coming of age". Coming-of-age stories tend to emphasize dialogue or internal monologue over action and are often set in the past. The subjects of coming-of-age stories are typically teenagers. The Bildungsroman is a specific subgenre of coming-of-age story.

The plot points of coming-of-age stories are usually emotional changes within the character(s) in question.
Gimbi massacre
On 18 June 2022, the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA) was accused of massacring over 400 Amhara civilians in the Gimbi county of Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Witnesses said that the OLA intentionally targeted ethnic Amhara people. This attack is part of a series of Amhara massacres that occurred in 2022.

A witness told the Associated Press he had counted at least 230 bodies and said he was "afraid this is the deadliest attack against civilians we have seen in our lifetime" and that mass graves were being dug for victims. One resident told reporters that the death toll surpassed 320, while Amnesty International reports that over 450 people were killed.

The government and the witnesses accused the Oromo Liberation Army (OLA) for carrying out the attack in Tole and surroundings, but the OLA denied that their troops were present, and put the blame on the government forces. The government and local security forces were accused by witnesses of not intervening during the five-hour long massacre.

Amhara Region
The Amhara Region (Amharic: አማራ ክልል, romanized: Åmara Kilil), officially the Amhara National Regional State (Amharic: የአማራ ብሔራዊ ክልላዊ መንግሥት, romanized: yeämara bıħérawi kılılawi mengıct), is a regional state in northern Ethiopia and the homeland of the Amhara, Awi, Argobba, and Qemant people. Its capital is Bahir Dar which is the seat of the Regional Government of Amhara. Amhara is the site of the largest inland body of water in Ethiopia, Lake Tana (which is the source of the Blue Nile), Grand Renaissance Dam and Semien Mountains National Park (which includes Ras Dashan, the highest point in Ethiopia). Amhara is bordered by Sudan to the west and northwest and by these regions of Ethiopia: Tigray to the north, Afar to the east, Benishangul-Gumuz to southwest, and Oromia to the south. Towns and cities in Amhara include: Dessie, Gonder, Debre Birhan, Debre Tabor, Kombolcha, Weldiya, Debre Markos, Seqota, Kobo, and Metema. The Regions name is said to mean “noble” or “highland”.
Chances (Jill Barber album)
Chances is an album by Canadian singer-songwriter Jill Barber, released October 14, 2008 on Outside Music.

The album was noted for marking a departure from Barber's established folk-pop style. On Chances, Barber instead works within a jazz style which was compared by fans to Doris Day and Peggy Lee.

The album was recorded primarily at Blue Rodeo's Woodshed Studios in Toronto, with some string and horn arrangements recorded at the Glenn Gould Studio. Three of the songs were co-written with Ron Sexsmith, and the album was produced by Toronto singer-songwriter Les Cooper.

The album was named as a longlisted nominee for the 2009 Polaris Music Prize on June 15, 2009.

Ron Sexsmith
Ronald Eldon Sexsmith (born January 8, 1964) is a Canadian singer-songwriter from St. Catharines, Ontario. He was the songwriter of the year at the 2005 Juno Awards. He began releasing recordings of his own material in 1985 at age 21 and has since recorded eighteen albums. He was the subject of a 2010 documentary called Love Shines.
Tsel, Asipovichy district
Tsel (Belarusian: Цэль, romanized: Ceĺ; Russian: Цель) is a village in Asipovichy District, Mogilev Region, Belarus. It is administratively part of Pratasevichy selsoviet. It is situated on the Svislach River, roughly 20 km (12 miles) northwest of Asipovichy and 90 km (56 miles) southeast of Minsk.

The village includes a primary and secondary school and is the location of dachas of Minsk and Asipovichy residents.

Mogilev region
Mogilev region, also known as Mogilev oblast or Mahilyow voblasts, is one of the regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is the city of Mogilev.

Important cities within the region include Mogilev, Asipovichy and Babruysk.
2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships – Junior women's race
The Junior women's race at the 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships was held at the Sporting Complex in Vilamoura, Portugal, on March 18, 2000.  Reports on the event were given in The New York Times, in the Glasgow Herald, and for the IAAF.

Complete results for individuals, for teams, medallists, and the results of British athletes who took part were published.

Vilamoura
Vilamoura is a coastal luxury resort in the Loulé municipality in Algarve, Portugal. It is one of the three corners of Algarve's Golden Triangle. Vilamoura comprises one of the largest single tourist complexes in Europe and with about 2,000 hectares of land. The nearest airport is in Faro.

The area previously hosted the annual Almond Blossom Cross Country competition between 1996 and 2003, and the same course was selected as the venue for the 2000 IAAF World Cross Country Championships.
NCT Life
NCT Life (Korean: 엔시티 라이프) is a series of Korean variety show featuring South Korean boy band NCT. Currently, it spans eleven different seasons. The title of the show is a portmanteau that combines "NCT Lifestyle" and "City Life".

Taeyong
Lee Tae-yong (Korean: 이태용; born July 1, 1995), known mononymously as Taeyong (stylized in all caps), is a South Korean rapper, singer, songwriter, and dancer. He is a member and leader of South Korean boy band NCT under SM Entertainment, having debuted in the group's first sub-unit, NCT U, in 2016 and becoming the leader of its second sub-unit, NCT 127, later that year. In 2019, he debuted as a member of the South Korean supergroup SuperM, a joint project under SM Entertainment and Capitol Records. As a songwriter, Taeyong has participated in writing over 70 songs in four languages, released mostly by NCT's various units and himself as a soloist. He made his official solo debut in June 2023 with his EP Shalala, making him the first soloist from NCT.
Giles of Bridport
Giles of Bridport was a medieval Bishop of Salisbury.

Giles was archdeacon of Berkshire in the diocese of Salisbury as well as Dean of Wells before he was elected bishop between 13 February and 15 April 1256 and consecrated on 11 March 1257. He died in December 1262, probably on the 13th. He founded the College of the Valley Scholars at Salisbury in 1262 and may have been the brother of Simon of Bridport, who was treasurer of the diocese of Salisbury. He is commemorated by a statue in niche 169 on the west front of Salisbury Cathedral.

Statuary of the West Front of Salisbury Cathedral
This article presents the statues to be found on the Great West Front of Salisbury Cathedral, in Salisbury, England. It names all the statues and their dates of installation, sculptors where known, and the attributes and identifying features of the statues. There are photographs of the statues with an enumerated photograph to show their position on the façade.
German submarine U-159 (1941)
German submarine U-159 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine built for service during World War II. The keel for this boat was laid down on 11 November 1940 at the DeSchiMAG AG Weser yard in Bremen, Germany as yard number 1009. She was launched on 1 July 1941 and commissioned on 4 October under the command of Kapitänleutnant Helmut Witte (Knight's Cross).

The U-boat's service began with training as part of the 4th U-boat Flotilla. She then moved to the 10th flotilla on 1 May 1942 for operations. She sank 23 ships, totalling 119,554 gross register tons (GRT) and damaged one more of 265 GRT.

She was sunk by an American aircraft on 28 July 1943.

Kapitänleutnant
Kapitänleutnant, short: KptLt/in lists: KL, (English: captain lieutenant or lieutenant captain) is an officer grade of the captains' military hierarchy group (German: Hauptleute) of the modern German Bundeswehr. The rank is rated OF-2 in NATO, and equivalent to Hauptmann in the Heer and Luftwaffe. It is grade A11 or A12 in the pay rules of the Federal Ministry of Defence.

The rank first appeared in the German Empire and continued in use through the Weimar Republic and into the Third Reich.
1966 Pacific hurricane season
The 1966 Pacific hurricane season started on May 15, 1966, and ended November 30, 1966. The season was of little note. Hurricane Blanca traveled 4,300 miles, setting a new record. During September and October of the year, Hurricane Helga and Tropical Storms Kirsten, Lorraine, and Maggie hitting Mexico. Kirsten caused 8 deaths and US$5.6 million (equivalent to $54.27 million in 2024) in damages in Mexico.

International Date Line
The International Date Line (IDL) is the line extending between the South and North Poles that is the boundary between one calendar day and the next. It passes through the Pacific Ocean, roughly following the 180.0° line of longitude and deviating to pass around some territories and island groups. Crossing the date line eastbound decreases the date by one day, while crossing the date line westbound increases the date.

The line is a cartographic convention and is not defined by international law. This has made it difficult for cartographers to agree on its precise course and has allowed countries through whose waters it passes to move it at times for their convenience.
Manuel Rosales (organ builder)
Manuel J. Rosales, Jr., (born 1947 in New York City) is an American organ builder whose instruments display a strong synthesis of romantic and contemporary styles. His workshop has built over 30 pipe organs with his notable output including collaborations on the instruments at Walt Disney Concert Hall and Rice University.

Jacobs School of Music
The Jacobs School of Music is the music school of Indiana University Bloomington in Bloomington, Indiana.

Established in 1921, the school was known as the Indiana University School of Music until 2005, when it became the Jacobs School. The school offers graduate and undergraduate degrees in performance (classical, jazz, voice, ballet), music business, music education, theory, composition, and technology (audio engineering, music production, scoring).

Approximately 1,600 students from all 50 U.S. states and more than 55 countries study in a conservatory atmosphere amidst the academic resources of a major research university.

Approximately half of the school's students are undergraduates, with the second largest enrollment of all music schools accredited by the National Association of Schools of Music.
X-100 (house)
The X-100 is an experimental steel house designed by A. Quincy Jones with his partner Frederick Emmons for Eichler Homes and built in 1956 at the San Mateo Highlands development in California. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.

I-beam
An I-beam is any of various structural members with an Ɪ- (serif capital letter 'I') or H-shaped cross-section. Technical terms for similar items include H-beam, I-profile, universal column (UC), w-beam (for wide flange), universal beam (UB), rolled steel joist (RSJ), and double-T (especially in Polish, Bulgarian, Spanish, Italian, and German). I-beams are typically made of structural steel and serve a wide variety of construction uses.

The horizontal elements of the Ɪ are called flanges, and the vertical element is known as the web. The web resists shear forces, while the flanges resist most of the bending moment experienced by the beam. The Euler–Bernoulli beam equation shows that the Ɪ-shaped section is a very efficient form for carrying both bending and shear loads in the plane of the web. On the other hand, the cross-section has a reduced capacity in the transverse direction and is also inefficient in carrying torsion, for which hollow structural sections are often preferred.
Mustard plaster
A mustard plaster, also known as a blister, is a poultice of mustard seed powder spread inside a protective dressing and applied to the body to stimulate healing. It can be used to warm muscle tissues and for chronic aches and pains. It was once part of conventional medical treatment, and available in prepared versions in pharmacies.  It fell from favor in the 20th century and is now used only as a home remedy.

Mustard seed
Mustard seeds are the small round seeds of various mustard plants. The seeds are usually about 1 to 2 millimetres (1⁄32 to 3⁄32 in) in diameter and may be colored from yellowish white to black. They are an important spice in many regional foods and may come from one of three different plants: black mustard (Brassica nigra), brown mustard (B. juncea), or white mustard (Sinapis alba).

Grinding and mixing the seeds with water, vinegar or other liquids creates the yellow condiment known as mustard.