hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marcius Censorinus
Marcius Censorinus was a name used by a branch of the plebeian gens Marcia of ancient Rome. The cognomen Censorinus was acquired through Gaius Marcius Rutilus, the first plebeian censor, whose son used it. The gens Marcia claimed descent from both Ancus Marcius, a king of Rome, and symbolically from Marsyas the satyr, who was associated with free speech and political liberty; see further discussion at Prophecy and free speech at Rome. The Marcii Censorini were consistent populares, supporting Marius, Cinna, Julius Caesar, and Antonius.

Gaius Marcius Rutilus
Gaius Marcius Rutilus (also seen as "Rutulus") was the first plebeian dictator and censor of ancient Rome, and was consul four times.

He was first elected consul in 357 BC, then appointed as dictator the following year in order to deal with an invasion by the Etruscans which had reached as far as the ancient salt-works on the coast. He surprised the enemy's camp, captured 8,000 of the enemy and drove the rest out of Roman territory, for which he was granted a triumph by the people, against the Senate's wishes.

Rutilus was again elected consul in 352 BC. At the end of his term, he ran for censor and won, despite patrician opposition. He was also consul in 344 BC and 342 BC, when he led the army in the Samnite Wars.

His namesake son was tribune of the plebs in 311 BC and consul in 310 BC. According to Fergus Millar, this son was one of the first plebeian augurs under the lex Ogulnia and also held the position of censor twice, the first time in 294 BC and the second time in 265 BC.
Lesley Dumbrell
Lesley Dumbrell, born on 14 October 1941 in Melbourne, is an Australian artist known for her precise abstract geometric paintings, and was a pioneer of the Australian Women's Art Movement of the 1970s. She became known as 'one of the leading artists in Melbourne to adopt the international styles of colour field and hard-edged abstraction'. Dumbrell's first major retrospective was held at Art Gallery of New South Wales in 2024.

Hard-edge painting
Hard-edge painting (also referred to as hard edge or hard-edged) is painting in which abrupt transitions are found between color areas. Color areas often consist of one unvarying color. The style is related to geometric abstraction, op art, post-painterly abstraction, and color field.
Sianowo Leśne
Sianowo Leśne [ɕaˈnɔvɔ ˈlɛɕnɛ] (Cashubian Lesné Sjónowò, German: Schwanau) is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Kartuzy, within Kartuzy County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Kartuzy County
Kartuzy County (Polish: powiat kartuski; Kashubian: kartësczi pòwiat) is a county in the Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, with administrative seat and largest town being Kartuzy.

It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. The only other town in the county is Żukowo. The county covers an area of 1,120.04 square kilometres (432.4 sq mi). As of 2019 its total population is 137,942, out of which the population of Kartuzy is 14,536, that of Żukowo is 6,691, and the rural population is 116,715.

Kartuzy County on a map of the counties of Pomeranian Voivodeship

Kartuzy County is bordered by Wejherowo County to the north, the city of Gdynia to the north-east, the city of Gdańsk and Gdańsk County to the east, Kościerzyna County to the south, Bytów County to the west, and Lębork County to the north-west.
Jack Hammond
Walter Charles "Jack" Hammond (February 26, 1891 – March 4, 1942), nicknamed "Wobby", was an American second baseman in Major League Baseball who played for the Cleveland Indians and Pittsburgh Pirates. He batted and threw right-handed, had a height of 5'11" and a weight of 170 lbs. He went to Colgate University.

Born in Amsterdam, New York, Hammond played his first game on April 15, 1915 and his final game on June 16, 1922. He died at age 51 in Kenosha, Wisconsin.

Colgate University
Colgate University is a private college in Hamilton, New York, United States. A liberal arts college, it was founded in 1819 as the Baptist Education Society of the State of New York and operated under that name until 1823, when it was renamed Hamilton Theological and Literary Institution, often called Hamilton College (1823–1846), then Madison College (1846–1890), and its present name since 1890.

Colgate enrolls approximately 3,200 students in 56 undergraduate majors that culminate in a Bachelor of Arts degree. The student body is 54% female and 46% male. Students participate in over 200 clubs and organizations. While Colgate offers an almost entirely undergraduate program, it also has a small graduate program leading to the Master of Arts in Teaching. The college competes in NCAA Division I sports and is part of the Patriot League athletic conference and ECAC Hockey.
BGV
BGV or Bateau à Grande Vitesse is a concept of high speed ship, to be developed in France, capable of travelling up to 65 knots or 120 km/h.

The concept is based on the original idea of Gilles Vaton, who modified trimarans to achieve reduced drag and stability at high speeds.

There were proposals to use BGVs (equipped to carry both passenger and freight) between France and UK in time for the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. UK based Chikara Shipping Ltd claimed to be buying BGVs, launching of fast services on the Boulogne maritime hub system linking Norway, the UK and Spain, but pulled out of the deal in late 2007. The first sailings were scheduled for 2008. This business plan was revealed to be fraudulent; the ferries have not entered service, investors have lost money, and the boss of Chikara Shipping fled.

Passenger
A passenger is a person who travels in a vehicle, but does not bear any responsibility for the tasks required for that vehicle to arrive at its destination or otherwise operate the vehicle, and is not a steward. The vehicles may be bicycles, buses, cars, passenger trains, airliners, ships, ferryboats, personal watercraft, all terrain vehicles, snowmobiles, and other methods of transportation.

Crew members (if any), as well as the driver or pilot of the vehicle, are usually not considered to be passengers. For example, a flight attendant on an airline would not be considered a passenger while on duty and the same with those working in the kitchen or restaurant on board a ship as well as cleaning staff, but an employee riding in a company car being driven by another person would be considered a passenger, even if the car was being driven on company business.
Calavon
The Calavon (French pronunciation: [kalavɔ̃]; also called le Coulon) is an 86.7-kilometre (53.9 mi) long river in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence and Vaucluse départements, southeastern France. Its drainage basin is 1,027 km2 (397 sq mi). Its source is near Banon. It flows generally west-southwest. It is a right tributary of the Durance into which it flows at Caumont-sur-Durance, near Cavaillon.

Vaucluse
Vaucluse (French: [voklyz]; Provençal: Vauclusa (Classical norm) or Vau-Cluso (Mistralian norm)) is a department in the southeastern French region of Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. It had a population of 561,469 as of 2019. The department's prefecture is Avignon.

It is named after a spring, the Fontaine de Vaucluse, one of the largest karst springs in the world. The name Vaucluse itself derives from the Latin Vallis Clausa ("closed valley") as the valley ends in a cliff face from which the spring emanates.
Gray Panthers
The Gray Panthers are a series of multi-generational local advocacy networks in the United States which confront ageism and many other social justice issues. The organization was formed by Maggie Kuhn in response to her forced retirement from the Presbyterian Church at the age of 65 in 1970. The Gray Panthers are named in reference to the Black Panthers.

In addition to its initial response to the issue of mandatory retirement, Gray Panthers have challenged other ageist laws and stereotypes and engaged in anti-war activism, Medicare and Social Security preservation, inter-generational housing, LGBT rights advocacy, environmentalism, the fair treatment of people in nursing homes, and the promotion of single-payer health care.

Mandatory retirement
Mandatory retirement, also known as forced retirement, enforced retirement or compulsory retirement, is the set age at which people who hold certain jobs or offices are required by industry custom or by law to leave their employment, or retire.

As of 2017, as reported by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), only three European member states (UK, Denmark and Poland) and four OECD countries (Canada, Australia, New Zealand, United States) had laws banning mandatory retirement.
Christa Ruppert
Christa Ruppert Leiria (2 April 1935 – 6 May 2010) was a German-Portuguese violinist.

The daughter of painter Carlo Ruppert and Hermine Ruppert, eldest of three children, Christa Ruppert was born in 1935 in Frankfurt. She had her first violin lessons with her aunt Marliese Ruppert, a pupil of Carl Flesch, when she was 4 years old. She had her school education during and after the World War II, partly in schools which were destroyed by bombs.

Max Bruch
Max Bruch (6 January 1838 – 2 October 1920) was a German Romantic composer, violinist, teacher, and conductor who wrote more than 200 works, including three violin concertos, the first of which has become a staple of the violin repertoire.
Coat of arms of Melilla
The coat of arms of Melilla is that of the Ducal House of Medina Sidonia, whose titular funded the military operation that seized Melilla in 1497.

The crown is topped by a turret, with a male figure throwing a dagger (Guzmán el Bueno, ancestor of the first duke) in chief. The top part of the coat of arms reads Præferre Patriam Liberis Parentem Decet (Latin: "It is seemly for a parent to put his fatherland before his children"), also a nod to the Guzmán el Bueno's role during the 1296 defence of Tarifa on behalf of Sancho IV of Castile. The supporters are the Pillars of Hercules and read Non Plus Ultra (Latin: "Nothing further beyond").

It is the central device of the flag of Melilla, which consists of a pale blue background. The flag was adopted on 13 March 1995 when Melilla became an autonomous city of Spain.

Alonso Pérez de Guzmán
Alonso Pérez de Guzmán (1256–1309), known as Guzmán el Bueno ("Guzmán the Good"), was a Spanish nobleman and hero of Spain during the medieval period. Guzmán is the progenitor of the Dukes of Medina Sidonia,  the oldest extant dukedom in the Kingdom of Castile.
Tim Abdullah Khan
The Tim Abdullah Khan (Abdullaxon timi) is one of the domed bazaars in the Bukhara Khanate. It was built by the Bukhara Khan Shaybanid Abdullah Khan II in 1577. It is currently included in the UNESCO World Heritage List.

The tim is located in the southwest of the ensemble Abdulaziz Khan and Ulugbek madrasas. It was a center of Central Asia’s famed silk trade through the centuries, and is the sole survivor of erstwhile Bukhara's six covered markets. The tim is built in the Persian style, resembling the traditional market of ancient Iranian cities.

Abdullah Khan II
Abdullah Khan (Chagatai and Persian: عبدالله خان; 1533/4–1598), known as “Khan-i Buzurg” (خان بزرگ) “The Great  Khan” was an Uzbek ruler of the Khanate of Bukhara (1500–1785). He was the last uncontested Shaybanid Khan of Bukhara from 1583 until his death.

Abdullah Khan initiated a war with Iran which lasted from 1587 to 1598. He was able to focus on this thanks to a non-aggression pact with the Mughal Emperor, Akbar, through which Abdullah Khan recognized Akbar's right to rule in the territory of Kabul.

During the reign of Abdullah Khan, Bukhara was also diplomatically hostile to the Khan of Yarkent, Abdul Karim Khan.
2021 FIFA Arab Cup Group A
Group A of the 2021 FIFA Arab Cup took place from 30 November 2021 to 6 December 2021. The group consisted of hosts Qatar, Iraq, Oman and Bahrain.

The top two teams, Qatar and Oman, advanced to the quarter-finals.

Mexican Football Federation
The Mexican Football Federation (Spanish: Federación Mexicana de Fútbol Asociación, A.C.), abbreviated as FMF, is the official governing body of football in Mexico. It administers the men's and women's national teams with all the youth teams, the national teams of futsal and beach soccer, the Liga MX with all the professional promotion divisions, all affiliated amateur sectors, and controls promoting, organizing, directing, expanding, and supervising competitive football in Mexico.

The FMF was established on 23 August 1927 to replace the Federación Central de Fútbol, the first president was Humberto Garza Ramos. It is an affiliate member of FIFA since 1929, and an affiliate founding member of CONCACAF since 1961. Subject to policies, statutes, objectives and ideals of those international governing bodies. Its headquarters are located in Toluca, State of Mexico.
Brady Bluhm
Brady Bluhm is an American former child actor (born Jul 6, 1983). He provided the voice of Christopher Robin in a number of Winnie the Pooh projects from 1997 to 2005, as well as the bit role of Billy in 4C in the Dumb and Dumber franchise, as a child in the original 1994 film, returning to acting for a cameo appearance, at age 30, in the 2014 sequel. He also had a prominent supporting role in the TV series Get a Life.

Bluhm is a former member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and served an LDS Mission in Concepción, Chile. Since 2008, after returning from his mission then returning briefly to voice acting, he has worked as a security systems salesman. As of 2019, he resides in Rancho Cucamonga, California with his wife, Abbie, and their two children.

Child actor
A child actor or child actress is a child acting on stage, television or in movies. An adult who began their acting career as a child may also be called a child actor or a "former child actor". Closely associated terms include teenage actor or teen actor, which refer to an actor who gained popularity as a teenager.

Many child actors find themselves struggling to adapt as they become adults, mainly due to typecasting. Macaulay Culkin and Lindsay Lohan are two particularly famous child actors who eventually experienced much difficulty with the fame they acquired at an early age. Some child actors have successful acting careers as adults; for example Mickey Rooney, Elizabeth Taylor, Jodie Foster, Christian Bale, Drew Barrymore, Saoirse Ronan. Other child actors have gone on to successful careers in other fields, including director Ron Howard, politicians Lech and Jarosław Kaczyński, James Jebbia, and singer Jenny Lewis.
Chhahara
Chhahara  is a village development committee in Palpa District in the Lumbini Zone of southern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4610 people living in 879 individual households.

Palpa District
Palpa District (Nepali: पाल्पा जिल्लाListenⓘ, a part of Lumbini Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal, a landlocked country of South Asia. The district, with Tansen as its headquarters, covers an area of 1,373 km2 (530 sq mi) and has a population (2021) of  245,027.

Palpa District is not far from Pokhara and easily reached by bus.  Palpa was the seat of the Hindu Sen kingdom that ruled over this region from the 16th century for almost 300 years so the headquarter of Palpa is called "Tansen" (Nepali: तानसेन).
Viziru
Viziru is a commune located in the central part of Brăila County, Muntenia, Romania. It is composed of two villages, Lanurile and Viziru.

The commune is traversed by the DN21 road, linking the county seat, Brăila, to Slobozia. It is crossed the 45th parallel north.

Muntenia
Muntenia (Romanian pronunciation: [munˈteni.a], also known in English as Greater Wallachia) is a historical region of Romania, part of Wallachia (also, sometimes considered Wallachia proper, as Muntenia, Țara Românească, and the rarely used Valahia are synonyms in Romanian). It is situated between the Danube (south and east), the Carpathian Mountains (the Transylvanian Alps branch) and Moldavia (both north), and the Olt River to the west. The latter river is the border between Muntenia and Oltenia (or Lesser Wallachia). Part of the traditional border between Wallachia/Muntenia and Moldavia was formed by the rivers Milcov and Siret.
Veryovkin
Veryovkin (Russian: Верёвкин) sometimes transliterated as Verevkin, feminine: Veryovkina is a Russian  surname associated with the ancient Russian noble Veryovkin family. Notable people with the surname include:

Aleksandr Veryovkin, Russian cave diver, the  namesake of the Veryovkina Cave

Marianne von Werefkin (1860–1938), Russian painter active in  Germany and Switzerland

Nikolay Veryovkin-Rakhalsky

Vladimir Verevkin

Uradel
Uradel (German: [ʔuːɐ̯ˈʔaːdl̩], German: "ancient nobility"; adjective uradelig or uradlig) is a genealogical term introduced in late 18th-century Germany to distinguish those families whose noble rank can be traced to the 14th century or earlier. The word stands opposed to Briefadel, a term used for titles of nobility created in the early modern period or modern history by letters patent. Since the earliest known such letters were issued in the 14th century, those knightly families in northern European nobility whose noble rank predates these are designated Uradel.

Uradel and Briefadel families are generally further divided into categories with their ranks of titles: adlig (untitled nobility), freiherrlich (baronial), gräflich (comital), fürstlich (princely) and herzoglich (ducal) houses. The latter two are also referred to as Hochadel (High Nobility).
Beaconsfield Mine collapse
The Beaconsfield gold mine collapsed on 25 April 2006 in Beaconsfield, Tasmania, Australia. Of the seventeen people who were in the mine at the time, fourteen escaped immediately following the collapse, one miner (Larry Knight) was killed, while the remaining two (Brant Webb and Todd Russell) were found alive on the sixth day by miners Pat Ball and Steve Saltmarsh. Webb and Russell were rescued on 9 May 2006, two weeks after being trapped nearly 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) below the surface.

Beaconsfield, Tasmania
Beaconsfield /ˈbiːkənzfiːld/ is a former gold mining town near the Tamar River, in the north-east of Tasmania, Australia.  It lies 40 kilometres north of Launceston on the West Tamar Highway. It is a rural and residential locality in the local government areas (LGA) of West Tamar and Latrobe in the Launceston and North-west and west LGA regions of Tasmania. The 2016 census has a population of 1298 for the state suburb of Beaconsfield.
Siege of Warsaw (1656)
The siege of Warsaw took place between April 24 and July 1, 1656. Swedish Empire forces had occupied the Polish capital without fighting in early September 1655 (see deluge). In late April 1656, Poles and Lithuanians began the siege, with the purpose of recapturing their capital. They were successful, but later lost the city for a second time after a battle held on July 28–30, 1656 (see Battle of Warsaw (1656)).

Arvid Wittenberg
Arvid Wittenberg or Arvid Wirtenberg von Debern (1606 – 7 September 1657), was a Swedish count, field marshal and privy councillor. Born in Porvoo, Finland, he died imprisoned in Zamość, Poland, 7 September 1657. Arvid Wittenberg preferred to call himself by the original Wittenberg family name, which was Wirtenberg von Debern.
Australia at the Rugby World Cup
The Australia national rugby union team, known as the Wallabies, has played in all ten Rugby World Cup tournaments. They have won the World Cup on two occasions; only New Zealand and South Africa have won more. Australia has hosted or co-hosted the tournament twice – in 1987 and 2003, and is scheduled to host it in 2027.

Drew Mitchell
Drew Alan Mitchell (born 26 March 1984) is a former Australian rugby union professional player. He played on the wing or as fullback. Up to the 2006 season he played for the Queensland Reds. He played for the Western Force for the 2007–09 Super 14 seasons. From 2010 to 2013 he played for the New South Wales Waratahs. Since 2013 he has played for RC Toulon. He made his debut for Australia in 2005 and is Australia's highest try scorer in World Cup history.
Waterberg Biosphere
The Waterberg (Northern Sotho: Thaba Meetse) is a mountainous massif of approximately 654,033 hectare in north Limpopo Province, South Africa.  
The average height of the mountain range is 600 m with a few peaks rising up to 2,000 m above sea level. Vaalwater town is located just north of the mountain range. The extensive rock formation was shaped by hundreds of millions of years of riverine erosion to yield diverse bluff and butte landform. The ecosystem can be characterised as a dry deciduous forest or Bushveld. Within the Waterberg there are archaeological finds dating to the Stone Age, and nearby are early evolutionary finds related to the origin of humans.

Waterberg (Thaba Meetse) is the first region in the northern part of South Africa to be named as a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO.

Man and the Biosphere Programme
The Man and the Biosphere Programme (MAB) is an intergovernmental scientific program, launched in 1970 by UNESCO, that aims to establish a scientific basis for the 'improvement of relationships' between people and their environments.

MAB engages with the international development agenda, especially the Sustainable Development Goals and the Post 2015 Development Agenda. The MAB programme provides a platform for cooperation in research and development. As of July 2024, 759 sites across 136 countries, including 22 transboundary sites, have been included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves.  The reserves cover more than 5% of the world’s surface and are home to over 260 million people.
1953 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final
The 1953 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship final was the 66th All-Ireland Final and the deciding match of the 1953 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship, an inter-county Gaelic football tournament for the top teams in Ireland.

1953 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship
The 1953 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship was the 67th staging of Ireland's premier Gaelic football knock-out competition.

Leitrim return to Connacht championship after 3 years.

Kerry were the winners.
The Junk Mail
"The Junk Mail" is the 161st episode of the NBC sitcom Seinfeld. It was the fifth episode of the ninth and final season. The episode aired on October 30, 1997. In this episode, Jerry is gifted a van by a childhood friend and cannot turn it down for fear of hurting his feelings, Elaine mistakenly thinks she has fallen in love when the sight of a man triggers memories of an old commercial he appeared in, and Kramer, tired of getting swamped with junk mail, tries to stop all delivery of his mail, only to uncover a conspiracy by the United States Postal Service to keep the public from realizing that mail is pointless. Produced when e-mail was becoming a mainstream form of communication, the episode reflected the popular prediction of the time that postal service would soon become obsolete.

Pottery Barn
Pottery Barn is an American upscale home furnishing store chain and e-commerce company, with retail stores in the United States, Canada, Mexico and Australia. Pottery Barn is a wholly owned subsidiary of Williams-Sonoma, Inc.

The company is headquartered in San Francisco, California. Pottery Barn also operates several specialty stores such as Pottery Barn Kids and Pottery Barn Teen. It has three retail catalogues: the traditional Pottery Barn catalogue; Pottery Barn Bed + Bath to focus on its bed and bath lines; and one for outdoor furniture. Pottery Barn paper catalogs were discontinued at the end of 2024.