hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Manitoba Group
The Manitoba Group is a stratigraphic unit of middle to late Devonian age in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin.

The group takes its name from the province of Manitoba, and was first defined by A.D. Baillie in 1953.

Western Canada Sedimentary Basin
The Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) underlies 1.4 million square kilometres (540,000 sq mi) of Western Canada including southwestern Manitoba, southern Saskatchewan, Alberta, northeastern British Columbia and the southwest corner of the Northwest Territories. This vast sedimentary basin consists of a massive wedge of sedimentary rock extending from the Rocky Mountains in the west to the Canadian Shield in the east. This wedge is about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) thick under the Rocky Mountains, but thins to zero at its eastern margins. The WCSB contains one of the world's largest reserves of petroleum and natural gas and supplies much of the North American market, producing more than 450 million cubic metres (16 billion cubic feet) per day of gas in 2000. It also has huge reserves of coal. Of the provinces and territories within the WCSB, Alberta has most of the oil and gas reserves and almost all of the oil sands.
James Cartwright (canoeist)
James Cartwright-Garland (born 16 June 1976 in North Vancouver, British Columbia) is a Canadian slalom canoeist who competed from the mid-1990s to the late 2000s. Competing in three Summer Olympics, he earned his best finish of ninth in the C1 event in Athens in 2004.

Canoeing at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Men's slalom C-1
These are the results of the men's C-1 slalom competition in canoeing at the 2004 Summer Olympics.  The C-1 (canoe single) event is raced by one-man canoes through a whitewater course.  The venue for the 2004 Olympic competition was the Olympic Canoe/Kayak Slalom Centre at the Helliniko Olympic Complex.
Power Factory Featuring C+C Music Factory
Power Factory Featuring C+C Music Factory is a 1993 video game developed by Digital Pictures and published by 
Sony Imagesoft for the Sega CD. The game puts the player in control of editing the music videos for dance-pop group C+C Music Factory on 3 different songs: "Gonna Make You Sweat," "Things That Make You Go Hmmm..." and "Here We Go Let's Rock & Roll.", and takes place in a fictional "music factory". Digital Pictures also released three more games in the same style, the Make My Video series.

Sony Imagesoft
Sony Imagesoft Inc. was an American video game publisher that operated from 1989 to 1995 and was located in California. It was established in January 1989  in Los Angeles, California, as a subsidiary of the Japan-based CBS/Sony Group (CSG) and initially named CSG Imagesoft Inc. Their focus at the beginning was on marketing games exclusively for Nintendo consoles.
El Shaddai (movement)
El Shaddai DWXI Prayer Partners Fellowship International, popularly known as El Shaddai,  אֵל שַׁדַּי (Hebrew for 'God Almighty', IPA: [el ʃaˈdːaj], which is one of the names of God in the Jewish faith) is the biggest Catholic charismatic movement in the Philippines. The movement is led by Mike Velarde, a real estate developer and preacher. Novaliches bishop emeritus Teodoro Bacani Jr. serves as its spiritual adviser.

Names of God in Judaism
Judaism has different names given to God, which are considered sacred: יהוה (YHWH), אֲדֹנָי (Adonai transl. my Lord[s]), אֵל (El transl. God), אֱלֹהִים (Elohim transl. Gods/Godhead), שַׁדַּי  (Shaddai transl. Almighty), and צְבָאוֹת (Tzevaot transl. [Lord of] Hosts); some also include I Am that I Am. Early authorities considered other Hebrew names mere epithets or descriptions of God, and wrote that they and names in other languages may be written and erased freely. Some moderns advise special care even in these cases, and many Orthodox Jews have adopted the chumras of writing "G-d" instead of "God" in English or saying Ṭēt-Vav (טו, lit. '9-6') instead of Yōd-Hē (יה, '10-5', but also 'Jah') for the number fifteen or Ṭēt-Zayin (טז, '9-7') instead of Yōd-Vav (יו, '10-6') for the Hebrew number sixteen.
L'Arteosa
L'Arteosa is one of 24 parishes (administrative divisions) in Piloña, a municipality within the province and autonomous community of Asturias, in northern Spain. The population is 101 and its postal code is 33536.

Parish (administrative division)
A parish is an administrative division used by several countries. To distinguish it from an ecclesiastical parish, the term civil parish is used in some jurisdictions, as noted below.

The table below lists countries which use this administrative division:
1956 Davis Cup
The 1956 Davis Cup was the 45th edition of the Davis Cup, the most important tournament between national teams in men's tennis. 24 teams entered the Europe Zone, 5 teams entered the America Zone, and 3 teams entered the Eastern Zone.

The United States defeated Mexico in the America Zone final, India defeated Japan in the Eastern Zone final, and Italy defeated Sweden in the Europe Zone final. In the Inter-Zonal Zone, the United States defeated Italy in the semifinal, and then defeated India in the final. In the Challenge Round the United States were defeated by defending champions Australia. The final was played at Memorial Drive in Adelaide, Australia on 26–28 December.

India Davis Cup team
The India Davis Cup team represents India in Davis Cup tennis competition and are governed by the All India Tennis Association.

India competed in its first Davis Cup in 1921. India finished as runners-up 3 times (1966, 1974, 1987), the most by any nation from Asia proper. In 1974, the final was scratched and South Africa were awarded the Davis Cup after India refused to participate in the final due to the South African government's apartheid policies. India were strong favorites to win with Vijay Amritraj and Anand Amritraj at their best.

Only Romania and India have contested more than one final without being crowned champion. In the 1974 Eastern Zone Final, India and Australia established a record for the most number of games in a tie, 327.
Deedar (1951 film)
Deedar is a 1951 Hindi-language romantic musical film directed by Nitin Bose, starring Nargis, Ashok Kumar, Dilip Kumar and Nimmi. It is a story of unfulfilled love, where the hero's childhood love is separated from him due to class inequalities. It is one of noted tragedies made in early Hindi cinema. It became a popular film of the Golden era and further established Dilip Kumar as the "King of Tragedy".

Many years later, when Deedar was having a rerun at Mumbai theatres, actor Manoj Kumar asked director Raj Khosla to accompany him to the show. Thereafter, the story of Do Badan (1966) was written after reworking its story line, that film was also a hit. It is referred to repeatedly in the Vikram Seth's 1993 novel A Suitable Boy, in which people watching it burst into tears and people who can't get tickets start a riot. The film was remade in Tamil as Neengadha Ninaivu (1963)  and in Turkish as Seven Unutmaz (1978).

Nitin Bose
Nitin Bose (26 April 1897 – 14 April 1986) was an Indian film director, cinematographer and screenwriter of the nation's film industry. He was born in Calcutta and died in the same city. In the 1930s and early 40s, he worked with New Theatres, who made bilingual movies: in both Bengali and Hindi. Later, he moved to Bombay and directed under the banners of Bombay Talkies and Filmistan.

The first use of playback singing in Indian films occurred in films directed by Bose in 1935: first in Bhagya Chakra, a Bengali film, and later the same year in its Hindi remake, Dhoop Chhaon. His most well-known work is Ganga Jamuna.
Sandside railway station
Sandside was a railway station situated on the Hincaster Branch of the Furness Railway serving the hamlet and quarries of Sandside. The following station was Heversham, which was the last on the branch before the line joined what is now known as the West Coast Main Line at Hincaster Junction, south of Oxenholme.

A Furness Railway local passenger train service (known locally as the Kendal Tommy for much of its life) operated through Sandside from Grange-over-Sands to Kendal between 1876 and its withdrawal in May 1942, when the station also closed to passengers.  In July 1922, this FR service ran five times per day in each direction on weekdays.  Through goods traffic ended in 1963 and the track was lifted north of here three years later, although the remaining stub down to Arnside was retained until final closure in 1972 to serve local quarries.

Oxenholme Lake District railway station
Oxenholme Lake District railway station serves the village of Oxenholme, near Kendal, in Cumbria, England. It is a stop on the West Coast Main Line and is the south-eastern terminus of the branch line to Windermere. The station is managed by Avanti West Coast and is owned by Network Rail.
Termitomyces heimii
Termitomyces heimii is a species of agaric fungus in the family Lyophyllaceae. It has symbiotic relationship with termites. Described as new to science in 1979, it is found in India. The specific epithet heimii honors French mycologist Roger Heim. The fruit bodies (mushrooms) produced by the fungus are edible.

Basidiocarp
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome, or basidioma (pl. basidiomata) is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures. As with other sporocarps, epigeous (above-ground) basidiocarps that are visible to the naked eye (especially those with a more or less agaricoid morphology) are commonly referred to as mushrooms, while hypogeous (underground) basidiocarps are usually called false truffles.
Fram Formation
The Fram Formation is an Upper Devonian (Frasnian) sequence of rock strata on Ellesmere Island that came into prominence in 2006 with the discovery in its rocks of examples of the transitional fossil, Tiktaalik, a sarcopterygian or lobe-finned fish showing many tetrapod characteristics. Fossils of Laccognathus embryi, a porolepiform lobe-finned fish, and Qikiqtania, a close relative of Tiktaalik, were also found in the formation. The Fram Formation is a Middle to Upper Devonian clastic wedge forming an extensive continental facies consisting of sediments derived from deposits laid down in braided stream systems that formed some 375 million years ago, at a time when the North American craton ("Laurentia") was straddling the equator.

Frasnian
The Frasnian is one of two faunal stages in the Late Devonian Period. It lasted from 382.31 million years ago to 372.15  million years ago. It was preceded by the Givetian Stage and followed by the Famennian Stage.

Major reef-building was under way during the Frasnian Stage, particularly in western Canada and Australia.  On land, the first forests were taking shape. In North America, the Antler orogeny peaked, which were contemporary with the Bretonic phase of the Variscan orogeny in Europe.

The Frasnian coincides with the second half of the "charcoal gap" in the fossil record, a time when atmospheric oxygen levels were below 13 percent, the minimum necessary to sustain wildfires.

North American subdivisions of the Frasnian include

West Falls Group

Sonyea Group

Genesee Group
Ena Sharples
Ena Sharples (also Schofield) is a fictional character from the British ITV soap opera Coronation Street, played by Violet Carson. She appeared in the first episode, broadcast on 9 December 1960, and stayed with the show until 2 April 1980.

Pat Phoenix
Patricia Phoenix (born Patricia Frederica Manfield; 26 November 1923 – 17 September 1986) was an English actress who became one of the first sex symbols of British television through her role as Elsie Tanner, an original cast member of Coronation Street, a role which she portrayed from its first episode in 1960 to 1973, and again from 1976 until she quit the role in 1984. In Elsie Tanner, she is credited with creating one of the most famous characters in British soap history.
Raab-Katzenstein KL.1 Schwalbe
The Raab-Katzenstein KL.1 Schwalbe (Swallow) was a German two-seat biplane produced in the 1920s. About fifty were built and the type became well known as an aerobatic aircraft, performing at many displays in the hands of pilots like Gerhard Fieseler.

Siemens-Halske Sh 12
The Siemens-Halske Sh 12 was a nine-cylinder, air-cooled, radial engine for aircraft built in Germany in the 1920s. First run in 1925, it was rated at 80 kW (110 hp). The Sh 12 was also produced in the United States by Ryan Aeronautical Corp. as the Ryan-Siemens 9.
Soviet cruiser Krasny Kavkaz
Krasny Kavkaz (from Russian: "Красный Кавказ" – "Red Caucasus") was a cruiser of the Soviet Navy that began construction during World War I, but was still incomplete during the Russian Revolution. Her design was heavily modified by the Soviets, and she was completed in 1932. During World War II she supported Soviet troops during the siege of Odessa, siege of Sevastopol, and the Kerch–Feodosiya operation in the winter of 1941–42. She was awarded the Guards title on 3 April 1942. She was reclassified as a training ship in May 1947 before being expended as a target in 1952.

Siege of Odessa
The siege of Odessa, known to the Soviets as the defence of Odessa, lasted from 8 August until 16 October 1941, during the early phase of Operation Barbarossa, the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II.

Odessa was a port on the Black Sea in the Ukrainian SSR. On 22 June 1941, the Axis powers invaded the Soviet Union. In August, Odessa became a target of the Romanian 4th Army and elements of the German 11th Army. Due to the heavy resistance of the Soviet 9th Independent Army and the rapidly formed Separate Coastal Army, supported by the Black Sea Fleet, it took the Axis forces 73 days of siege and four assaults to take the city. Romanian forces suffered 93,000 casualties, against Red Army casualties estimated to be between 41,000 and 60,000.

It is considered to be the "greatest independent success of the war by any minor Axis power".
John B. Totushek
John Benjamin Totushek (born September 7, 1944) is a retired vice admiral in the United States Navy. He was Chief of the United States Naval Reserve from October 1998 until October 2003. After retirement, he served as president and CEO of the United States Navy Memorial Foundation from November 2011 to July 2016.

United States Navy Memorial
The United States Navy Memorial is a memorial in Washington, D.C. honoring those who have served or are currently serving in the Navy, Marine Corps, Coast Guard, and the Merchant Marine.

It lies on Pennsylvania Avenue NW between 7th Street Northwest and 9th Street Northwest, adjacent to the Archives station of the Washington Metro and the National Archives building. The National Park Service, through its National Mall and Memorial Parks administrative unit, provides technical and maintenance assistance to the foundation. The plaza is part of Pennsylvania Avenue National Historic Site.

Associated with the memorial is the Naval Heritage Center, which offers spaces available for rent, and is open year-round.
Fort Whitman
Fort Whitman (Washington) was an Endicott Board fortification on Goat Island, Puget Sound, Washington state, just offshore of La Conner, a part of the Harbor Defenses of Puget Sound.  It comprised a single 4 gun 6" DC battery, Battery Harrison, and mine control structures. The usual barracks and other support facilities were temporary and built for the duration, excepting a caretaker's quarters.  It protected the confined back passage east of Fidalgo Island, Skagit Bay.  By World War II, the six-inch DCs were no longer required; the main armament was 37mm AMTB guns.

Except during wartime, the fort remained on caretaking status throughout its existence.

Board of Fortifications
Several boards have been appointed by US presidents or Congress to evaluate the US defensive fortifications, primarily coastal defenses near strategically important harbors on the US shores, its territories, and its protectorates.
Maromiandra, Ikongo
Maromiandra is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Ikongo, which is a part of Vatovavy-Fitovinany Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 12,000 in 2001 commune census.

Only primary schooling is available. The majority 95% of the population of the commune are farmers.  The most important crops are coffee and rice, while other important agricultural products are sugarcane and cassava. Services provide employment for 5% of the population.

Fitovinany
Fitovinany is a region located in southeast Madagascar. Its capital is Manakara. It is inhabited by the Antemoro people. The region border is based on the historical region of Matatana or Matitana.

It formerly belonged to the region Vatovavy-Fitovinany that was split on 16 June 2021 to become the regions Vatovavy and Fitovinany.

The region extends along the southern part of the east coast of Madagascar. It is bordered by Vatovavy (North), Haute Matsiatra (West) and Atsimo-Atsinanana (South).
Limburg Chronicle
Limburg Chronicle, or Festi Limpurgenses, is the name of a German chronicle that was probably written by Tilemann Elhen von Wolfhagen after 1402. It is a source for the history of the Rhineland between 1336 and 1398, but is perhaps more valuable for the information about German manners and customs, and the old German folksongs and stories which it contains. It has also a certain philological interest.

The chronicle was first published by Johann Friedrich Faust in 1617, and was edited by Arthur Wyss for the Monumenta Germaniae historica. Deutsche Chroniken, Band iv. (Hanover, 1883). See A. Wyss, Die Limburger Chronik untersucht (Marburg, 1875).

Monumenta Germaniae Historica
The Monumenta Germaniae Historica (Latin for "Historical Monuments of Germany"), frequently abbreviated MGH, is a comprehensive series of carefully edited and published primary sources, both chronicle and archival, for the study of parts of Northwestern, Central and Southern European history from the end of the Roman Empire to 1500.

Despite the name, the series covers important sources for the history of many countries besides Germany, since the Society for the Publication of Sources on Germanic Affairs of the Middle Ages has included documents from many other areas subjected to the influence of Germanic tribes or rulers (Britain, Czech lands, Poland, Austria, France, Low Countries, Italy, Spain, etc.).
Jones polynomial
In the mathematical field of knot theory, the Jones polynomial is a knot polynomial discovered by Vaughan Jones in 1984.  Specifically, it is an invariant of an oriented knot or link which assigns to each oriented knot or link a Laurent polynomial in the variable  with integer coefficients.

Knot (mathematics)
In mathematics, a knot is an embedding of the circle (S1)  into three-dimensional Euclidean space, R3 (also known as E3).  Often two knots are considered equivalent if they are ambient isotopic, that is, if there exists a continuous deformation of R3 which takes one knot to the other.

A crucial difference between the standard mathematical and conventional notions of a knot is that mathematical knots are closed — there are no ends to tie or untie on a mathematical knot. Physical properties such as friction and thickness also do not apply, although there are mathematical definitions of a knot that take such properties into account. The term knot is also applied to embeddings of S j in Sn, especially in the case j = n − 2. The branch of mathematics that studies knots is known as knot theory and has many relations to graph theory.
Ksenia Kablukova
Ksenia Kablukova (born 16 June 1998) is a Russian ski jumper. She has competed at World Cup level since the 2015/16 season, with her best individual result being 14th place in Pyeongchang on 15 February 2017. At the 2018 Junior World Championships in Kandersteg, she won a team silver medal.

Alpensia Ski Jumping Stadium
Alpensia Ski Jumping Centre (Korean: 알펜시아 스키점프 경기장) is a ski jumping hills located at Alpensia Resort in Pyeongchang, South Korea. They hosted the ski jumping and the nordic combined events during the 2018 Winter Olympics. They also operate as an association football venue by using their landing area as the pitch.
Electoral district of Buninyong
The electoral district of Buninyong was an electoral district of the Victorian Legislative Assembly in Australia. It was created in the redistribution of electoral boundaries in 2013, and came into effect at the 2014 state election.

It largely covered the area of the abolished district of Ballarat East, covering south and southeast suburbs of Ballarat as well as the rural areas to the south and east of the city. It included the suburbs of Eureka, Canadian, Sebastopol, Mount Clear, Buninyong and Golden Point. It also included the rural towns between Linton, Corindhap, Lethbridge, Ballan and Bungaree.

Buninyong was first contested at the 2014 election, and was won by the incumbent Labor MP for abolished Ballarat East, Geoff Howard.

The seat was abolished by the Electoral Boundaries Commission ahead of the 2022 election and largely replaced by the electoral district of Eureka.

Canadian, Victoria
Canadian is a residential suburb in Ballarat, Victoria, located 3km south-east of Ballarat Central. At the 2021 census, Canadian had a population of 4,098.

A small gold rush at Canadian Gully occurred in September 1852, during the period known as the Victorian gold rush. The discoveries of three large gold nuggets in January 1853—including the Canadian, then the largest recorded nugget ever—led to another gold rush which lasted for several years. Canadian became its own suburb. A post office opened in 1886 and closed in 1988. Urban settlement had spread to Canadian by the 1980s.

It is primarily a residential area, but has a school, a small shopping area, and several parks and reserves including Canadian Lake and also Sparrow Ground, which has been the subject of much community debate.
Rogstad
Rogstad is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anker Rogstad (1925–1994), Norwegian safecracker and writer

Anna Rogstad (1854–1938), Norwegian politician, women's rights activist and educator

Gunnar Rogstad (1916–2012), Norwegian civil servant and diplomat

Henrik Rogstad (1916–1945), Norwegian politician

Niels Wisløff Rogstad (1814–1880), Norwegian civil servant and lawyer

Olaf Rogstad (1877–1969), Norwegian engineer and civil servant

Solveig Rogstad (born 1982), Norwegian biathlete

Anker Rogstad
Anker Rogstad (8 January 1925 – 5 October 1994) was a Norwegian convicted safecracker and writer. He spent eight years in prison for his crimes, but later achieved success by writing crime novels. He started writing during imprisonment, and made his literary debut in 1956 with the crime novel Etterlyst. He was awarded the Riverton Prize in 1974 for the novel Lansen.
International Research Institute for Cultural Technologies and Media Philosophy
The International Research Institute for Cultural Techniques and Media Philosophy (IKKM) was a center for advanced studies at the Bauhaus-Universität Weimar, and was founded in 2008 by Lorenz Engell and Bernhard Siegert. The IKKM was part of the International Käte Hamburger Collegia for research in the Humanities initiative in the 'Freedom for Research in the Humanities' program of the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF). Initial funding has been approved for six years (until 2014). Until March 2020 the IKKM was located in the Palais Dürckheim build by Henry van de Velde.

Régis Debray
Jules Régis Debray (French: [ʒyl ʁeʒis dəbʁɛ]; born 2 September 1940) is a French philosopher, journalist, former government official and academic. He is known for his theorization of mediology, a critical theory of the long-term transmission of cultural meaning in human society, and for associating with Marxist revolutionary Che Guevara in Bolivia in 1967 and advancing Salvador Allende's presidency in Chile in the early 1970s. He returned to France in 1973 and later held various official posts in the French government.