hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Orders, decorations, and medals of Romania
The National Decorations System of Romania (Romanian: Sistemul Național de Decorații) is divided into six categories, listed below. It was re-established in 1998 after a 50-year period in which Romania used a Soviet-style system of decorations. It is very similar to the system used in Romania during the interwar period.

The list is ordered in descending order of the awards' rank in the National System of Decorations.

House Order of Hohenzollern
The House Order of Hohenzollern (German: Hausorden von Hohenzollern or Hohenzollernscher Hausorden) was a dynastic order of knighthood of the House of Hohenzollern awarded to military commissioned officers and civilians of comparable status. Associated with the various versions of the order were crosses and medals which could be awarded to lower-ranking soldiers and civilians.
2008 Open 13 – Doubles
Arnaud Clément and Michaël Llodra were the defending champions; however, they withdrew to due a left ankle injury for Clément.

Martin Damm and Pavel Vízner won in the final 7–6(7–0), 7–5, against Yves Allegro and Jeff Coetzee.

Pavel Vízner
Pavel Vízner (born 15 July 1970) is a retired professional male tennis player from the Czech Republic. Vízner has reached the French Open final twice, having had turned professional in 1990 and achieved a career high doubles ranking of World No. 5 in November 2007.
Allen Sloan
Allen Sloan was a Scottish rugby union player.

He was capped nine times between 1914 and 1921 for Scotland. He also played for Edinburgh Academicals.

He was the father of Donald Sloan, who was also capped for Scotland.

Sloan's father Dr Allen Thomson Sloan was a general practitioner in Edinburgh. Sloan followed his father into general practice. In 1924 he was elected a member of the Harveian Society of Edinburgh. Sloan died in 1952.

Harveian Society of Edinburgh
The Harveian Society of Edinburgh was founded in April 1782 by Andrew Duncan. The society holds an annual festival in honour of the life and works of William Harvey, the physician who first correctly described the manner in which blood circulates around the human body. Until 1829, the society was known as the Circulation Club or the Harveian Club.  Membership of the society is by invitation and members are doctors based primarily (but not exclusively) in Scotland. There are currently over 140 members, who are known as "Harveians".
Bidding (cards)
Bidding is the process in many card games, such as Skat, Pinochle, Binokel, Bridge, Solo Whist, Préférence, L’Hombre, Bauernschnapsen and most types of  Tarock, whereby players compete to be able to specify the type of contract, the trump cards and/or to be able to pick up a set of face-down cards known variously, for example, as the talon, skat, dabb.

Bidding is one of only two major innovations to traditional trick-taking games since they were invented; the other being the idea of a trump suit. The concept of bidding comes from the game known in Spain as Tresillo and elsewhere as Ombre or L'Hombre. Ombre emerged in Spain between 1600 and 1650 from the Spanish variant of Triomphe (Triumphus Hispanicus).

Bauernschnapsen
The card game of Bauernschnapsen (also called Viererschnapsen) is an expanded form of the popular Austrian card game of Schnapsen, played by four players. This variant of Schnapsen is played throughout the whole of Austria.
Point mutation
A point mutation is a genetic mutation where a single nucleotide base is changed, inserted or deleted from a DNA or RNA sequence of an organism's genome. Point mutations have a variety of effects on the downstream protein product—consequences that are moderately predictable based upon the specifics of the mutation. These consequences can range from no effect (e.g. synonymous mutations) to deleterious effects (e.g. frameshift mutations), with regard to protein production, composition, and function.

Guanine
Guanine (/ˈɡwɑːniːn/ ⓘ) (symbol G or Gua) is one of the four main nucleotide bases found in the nucleic acids DNA and RNA, the others being adenine, cytosine, and thymine (uracil in RNA). In DNA, guanine is paired with cytosine. The guanine nucleoside is called guanosine.

With the formula C5H5N5O, guanine is a derivative of purine, consisting of a fused pyrimidine-imidazole ring system with conjugated double bonds. This unsaturated arrangement means the bicyclic molecule is planar.
Charles Friedman
Charles P. Friedman is a medical health informatician and educator, and an academic. He is a professor in the Department of Learning Health Sciences at the University of Michigan Medical School.

Friedman's research focuses on biomedical and health informatics, as well as the processes of education and learning.

Friedman is a distinguished fellow of the American College of Medical Informatics, and a founding fellow of the International Academy of Health Sciences Informatics.

American College of Medical Informatics
The  American College of Medical Informatics (ACMI) is a college of elected fellows from the United States and abroad who have made significant and sustained contributions to the field of medical informatics. Initially incorporated in 1984, the organization later dissolved its separate corporate status to merge with the American Association for Medical Systems and Informatics (AAMSI) and the Symposium on Computer Applications in Medical Care (SCAMC) when the American Medical Informatics Association (AMIA) was formed in 1989. The college now exists as an elected body of fellows within AMIA, with its own bylaws and regulations that guide the organization, its activities, and its relationship with the parent organization. The college is fiscally self-sufficient, and its officers prepare and submit its financial plan annually for approval by the AMIA Board of Directors.
Chumphon United F.C.
Chumphon United Football Club (Thai: สโมสรฟุตบอล ชุมพร ยูไนเต็ด) is a Thai professional football club based in Chumphon, Thailand. The club was founded in 2022 and currently competes in the Thai League 3 Southern region, the third tier of the Thai football league system. Chumphon United plays its home matches at the Stadium of Thai National Sports University, Chumphon Campus.

Thai League 3
Thai League 3 (Thai: ไทยลีก 3), commonly known as the T3, is the third level of Thai football. It was started in 2017 First season. It is sponsored by BYD Auto and therefore officially known as the BYD Dolphin League III. In 2017, the League is divided in 2 regions and participated by 32 clubs 1st-4th clubs from 8 regions which are former members Regional League Division 2 and debutants in the season.
Master of Applied Ethics
A Master of Applied Ethics (Chinese: 应用伦理硕士) is the only professional master's degree in philosophy conferred by Chinese universities. This program aims to integrate traditional philosophical teachings with the pressing ethical issues emerging in the modern world. The degree is primarily structured to offer specialized knowledge in various sectors, and its curriculum incorporates interdisciplinary approaches to address ethical concerns in technology, life sciences, artificial intelligence, big data, and business.

Professional degree
A professional degree, formerly known in the US as a first professional degree, is a degree that prepares someone to work in a particular profession, practice, or industry sector often meeting the academic requirements for licensure or accreditation. Professional degrees may be either graduate or undergraduate entry, depending on the profession concerned and the country, and may be classified as bachelor's, master's, or doctoral degrees. For a variety of reasons, professional degrees may bear the name of a different level of qualification from their classification in qualifications, e.g., some UK professional degrees are named bachelor's but are at master's level, while some Australian and Canadian professional degrees have the name "doctor" but are classified as master's or bachelor's degrees.
Grania
Grania is a genus of marine annelid worms in the class Clitellata. They are found at many depths in sands throughout the world. They are generally about 2 centimetres (0.79 in) in length and mostly colorless or white, though Grania colorata, a recently discovered species found in the Great Barrier Reef, is green.

Clitellata
The Clitellata are a class of annelid worms, characterized by having a clitellum – the 'collar' that forms a reproductive cocoon during part of their life cycles. The clitellates comprise around 8,000 species.  Unlike the class of Polychaeta, they do not have parapodia and their heads are less developed.
Department of Industry, Science, Energy and Resources
The Department of Industry, Science, Energy and Resources was a department of the Australian Government responsible for consolidating the Government’s efforts to drive economic growth, productivity and competitiveness by bringing together industry, energy, resources and science. The department superseded the Department of Industry, Innovation and Science on 1 February 2020.

It was superseded by the Department of Industry, Science and Resources and the Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water on 1 July 2022.
The head of the department at the time of dissolution was the Secretary, David Fredericks.

The Chief Scientist for Australia has reported to the Minister for Science of the day since 1989.

Office of the Chief Scientist (Australia)
The Office of the Chief Scientist (OCS) is part of the Department of Industry, Science and Resources.  Its primary responsibilities are to enable growth and productivity for globally competitive industries. To help realise this vision, the department has four key objectives: supporting science and commercialisation, growing business investment and improving business capability, streamlining regulation and building a high performance organisation.
Serhiy Mizin
Serhiy Hryhorovych Mizin (Ukrainian: Сергій Григорович Мізін; born 25 September 1972) is a former Ukrainian professional football midfielder who played for FC Dynamo Kyiv, FC CSKA Kyiv, FC Chornomorets Odesa, FC Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk, FC Karpaty Lviv, FC Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih, FC Metalist Kharkiv and FC Arsenal Kyiv in Ukrainian Premier League. He also scored 90 goals in 344 matches in the Ukrainian Premier League.

Mizin made seven appearances for the Ukraine national football team.

FC Chornomorets Odesa
FC Chornomorets Odesa (Ukrainian: Футбо́льний Клуб Чорномо́рець Оде́са [tʃornoˈmɔretsʲ oˈdɛsɐ]) is a Ukrainian professional football club based in Odesa, Ukraine.

According to the club's website, it was formed in 1936 as Dynamo, but until 2002 it carried a logo with 1958 and 1959 listed as the club's years of foundation on its shield, which is when the club received its current name. The club's shield is very similar to the shield of Romanian FC Farul Constanța.

Chornomorets is the first club in the modern history of Ukraine to win the Ukrainian Cup (1992), and also repeated this success in the 1993–94 season.

For over 30 years, the club was sponsored by the Black Sea Shipping Company (1959–1991). The club was among top 20 Soviet clubs that competed in Soviet Top League. The club's home ground is Chornomorets Stadium and has been opened in 2011.
1977 New York City Council presidential election
An election was held on November 8, 1977 to elect the President of the New York City Council. Democratic incumbent Paul O'Dwyer ran for re-election to a second term in office but was defeated in the Democratic primary by Carol Bellamy in a historic upset. After winning the general election easily over Republican John Esposito and Conservative Abe Hirschfeld, Bellamy became the first woman elected to citywide office in New York City history.

Major Owens
Major Robert Odell Owens (June 28, 1936 – October 21, 2013) was an American politician and librarian who served in the United States House of Representatives from 1983 to 2007, representing the New York's 11th and then 12th congressional district. He was first elected to replace retiring representative Shirley Chisholm. Owens shepherded the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 through the House. He retired at the end of his term in January 2007 and was succeeded by Yvette Clarke.
Lewiston, Utah
Lewiston is a city in Cache County, Utah, United States. It is situated at the northern Utah border and borders the state of Idaho. The population was 1,939 at the 2020 census. It is included in the Logan, Utah-Idaho (partial) Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Cache County, Utah
Cache County (/kæʃ/ KASH) is a county located in the northern region of Utah bordering Idaho. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 133,154, with an estimated 145,487 in 2024. Its county seat and largest city is Logan. Cache County is one of two counties included in the Logan metropolitan area, alongside Franklin County, Idaho.
Hermine de Graaf
Hermine de Graaf (13 March 1951 – 24 November 2013) was a Dutch novelist. De Graaf studied Dutch language and literature at the University of Amsterdam and worked as a teacher in Venray. Her debut as a writer was in 1984 with the publication of Een kaart, niet het gebied, a collection of ten short stories. In 1988 De Graaf won the Ferdinand Bordewijk Prijs for her novel De regels van het huis.

Venray
Venray or Venraij (pronounced [ʋɛnˈraːi] ⓘ; Limburgish: Venroj) is a municipality and a city in Limburg, the Netherlands.

The municipality of Venray consists of 14 towns over an area of 165 km2 (64 sq mi), with 43,494 inhabitants as of July 2016. About 30,000 of those inhabitants live in the city of Venray; the other 13,000 live in one of the 13 surrounding towns.
Riina (given name)
Riina is an Estonian and Finnish feminine given name, often a diminutive form of Katariina. People bearing the name Riina include:

Riina Gerretz (1939–2014), Estonian pianist

Riina Hein (born 1955), Estonian film actress, director, producer and screenwriter

Riina Kionka (born 1960), American-born Estonian diplomat

Riina Maidre (born 1982), Estonian actress

Riina Ruismäki (born 2001), Finnish aesthetic group gymnast

Riina Sikkut (born 1983), Estonian politician

Riina Sildos (born 1964), Estonian film producer

Riina Solman (born 1972), Estonian politician

Riina Solman
Riina Solman (Estonian: [ˈriːnɑ ˈsolmɑn]; born 23 June 1972) is an Estonian politician. She served as Minister of Population Affairs in the second cabinet of Jüri Ratas from 29 April 2019 to 26 January 2021. The office of Minister of Population Affairs was removed in the cabinet of Prime Minister Kaja Kallas.

She stood for the Riigikogu in the 2023 elections, received 1773 votes in constituency No 1 (Haabersti, Põhja-Tallinn and Kristiine) and was elected.
John Steed
Major The Hon. John Wickham Gascoyne Beresford Steed MC OM usually known as John Steed, is a fictional character and the central protagonist on the 1960s British spy series The Avengers and its 1970s sequel The New Avengers, played by Patrick Macnee in both; by Donald Monat in the South-African radio series adaptation of The Avengers; by Ralph Fiennes in the 1998 film of the same name and by Julian Wadham in various audio adventures from  Big Finish Productions.

Steed is a secret agent working for an unnamed branch of British intelligence. He was teamed with a variety of partners, including Dr. David Keel (1961), Dr. Martin King (1962), Venus Smith (1962–1963), Cathy Gale (1962–1964), Emma Peel (1965–1968), Tara King (1968–1969), Lady Diana Forbes-Blakeney (1969), Purdey, and Mike Gambit (both 1976–1977).

Order of Merit
The Order of Merit (French: Ordre du Mérite) is an order of merit for the Commonwealth realms, recognising distinguished service in the armed forces, science, art, literature, or the promotion of culture. Established in 1902 by Edward VII, admission into the order remains the personal gift of its Sovereign—currently Edward VII's great-great-grandson Charles III—and is restricted to a maximum of 24 living recipients from the Commonwealth realms, plus honorary members. While all members are awarded the right to use the post-nominal letters OM and wear the badge of the order, the Order of Merit's precedence among other honours differs between countries.
Sensorium
A sensorium (/sɛnˈsɔːrɪəm/) (pl.: sensoria) is the apparatus of an organism's perception considered as a whole. It is the "seat of sensation" where it experiences, perceives and interprets the environments within which it lives. The term originally entered English from the Late Latin in the mid-17th century, from the stem sens- ("sense"). In earlier use it referred, in a broader sense, to the brain as the mind's organ (Oxford English Dictionary 1989). In medical, psychological, and physiological discourse it has come to refer to the total character of the unique and changing sensory environments perceived by individuals. These include the sensation, perception, and interpretation of information about the world around us by using faculties of the mind such as senses, phenomenal and psychological perception, cognition, and intelligence.

Intelligence
Intelligence (/ˌɪntɛlɪˈdʒəns/) has been defined in many ways: the capacity for abstraction, logic, understanding, self-awareness, learning, emotional knowledge, reasoning, planning, creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving. It can be described as the ability to perceive or infer information and to retain it as knowledge to be applied to adaptive behaviors within an environment or context.

The term rose to prominence during the early 1900s. Most psychologists believe that intelligence can be divided into various domains or competencies.

Intelligence has been long-studied in humans, and across numerous disciplines. It has also been observed in the cognition of non-human animals. Some researchers have suggested that plants exhibit forms of intelligence, though this remains controversial.
Consultation on Church Union
The Consultation on Church Union (COCU) was an effort towards church unity in the United States, that began in 1962 and in 2002 became the Churches Uniting in Christ. It was a significant part of the Christian movement towards ecumenism. This effort can be seen in the context of the worldwide ecumenical attitude that was manifested in the 1948 formation of the World Council of Churches, the 1950 formation of the National Council of Churches, the 1957 formation of the United Church of Christ, and the formation of the Roman Catholic Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity during the Second Vatican Council (which occurred from 1962 to 1965). The original task of COCU was to negotiate a consensus between its member denominations (originally the Protestant Episcopal Church, the Methodist Church, the United Church of Christ, and the UPCUSA).

Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity
The Dicastery for Promoting Christian Unity, previously named the Pontifical Council for Promoting Christian Unity (PCPCU), is a dicastery within the Holy See whose origins are associated with the Second Vatican Council which met intermittently from 1962 to 1965.
Sri Lankan cricket team in Bangladesh in 2008–09
The Sri Lankan cricket team toured Bangladesh between 21 December 2008 and 14 January 2009. The team played two Tests and took part in a three match One Day International tournament also featuring Zimbabwe.

Zimbabwe national cricket team
The Zimbabwe men's national cricket team, also known as the Chevrons, represents Zimbabwe in men's international cricket and is overseen by Zimbabwe Cricket. Zimbabwe has been a full member of the International Cricket Council (ICC) since 1992. As of October 2025, Zimbabwe was ranked 11th by the ICC in all three formats of the game: Tests, One Day Internationals (ODIs) and Twenty20 internationals (T20Is).
Y.3181
Y.3181 is an ITU-T Recommendation specifying an Architectural framework for Machine Learning Sandbox in future networks (e.g. 5G, IMT-2020). 
The standard describes the requirements and architecture for a machine learning sandbox (computer security) a in future networks including IMT-2020.

IMT-2020
International Mobile Telecommunications-2020 (IMT-2020 Standard) are the requirements issued by the ITU Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R) of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) in 2015 for 5G networks, devices and services.

On February 1, 2021, the standard was published as Recommendation ITU-R M.2150-0 titled Detailed specifications of the radio interfaces of IMT-2020, but most of it was finalized years earlier. For example the requirements for radio access technologies listed below were adopted in November 2017. Following the publication of the requirements the developers of radio access technologies such as 3GPP and ETSI are expected to develop 5G technologies meeting these requirements. 3GPP is developing radio access technologies 5G NR, LTE-M and NB-IoT that together are expected to meet all requirements, while ETSI is developing DECT-2020 NR and Nufront is developing EUHT (Enhanced Ultra High Throughput).
Helsinki–Turku high-speed railway
The Helsinki–Turku high-speed railway or Espoo–Salo-oikorata (Espoo–Salo direct line), also formerly known as the ELSA-rata (Espoo-Lohja-Salo), is a proposed railway line in the planning stage to provide a more direct connection between Helsinki and Turku, Finland than the current Rantarata railway line which follows the southern coast. The project is also known as Turun tunnin juna (Turku one hour train), despite the fact that a journey between Helsinki and Turku on the new line would last about 1 hour and 18 minutes.

The current Orpo cabinet plans to fund construction between Espoo and Lohja and between Salo and Kupittaa. As of December 2025, all municipalities on the route have approved funding for the project, except Kirkkonummi, which voted to not provide any funding the project.

Orpo cabinet
The Orpo cabinet is the 77th government of Finland. It was formed following the 2023 Finnish parliamentary election and succeeds the Marin cabinet led by the Social Democrats and was formally appointed by President Sauli Niinistö on 20 June 2023. The cabinet is headed by Petteri Orpo and is a coalition between the National Coalition Party, Finns Party, the Swedish People's Party, and the Christian Democrats.
Germany at the 2006 Winter Paralympics
Germany participated in the ninth Winter Paralympics in Turin, Italy.

Germany entered 35 athletes in the following sports:

Alpine skiing: 8 male, 4 female

Ice sledge hockey: 14 male

Nordic skiing: 8 male, 1 female

Paralympic Nordic skiing
Paralympic Nordic skiing is a Winter Paralympics sport consisting of biathlon and cross-country skiing.  The sport is governed by the International Paralympic Committee, with its subcommittee for Nordic skiing known as World Para Nordic Skiing.

Paralympic Nordic skiing includes standing events, sitting events (for wheelchair users), and events for visually impaired athletes.
Samorn Kieng
Samorn Kieng (born 4 March 1983 in Kandal Province) is a Cambodian middle-distance runner. He competed in the men's 800 m event at the 2012 Summer Olympics but was eliminated in the first round. However, Samorn did finish with a season's best time of 1:55.26.

Samorn took part in the 2012 IAAF World Indoor Championships where he broke the national record with a time of 1:59.14 even though Samorn was eliminated in the first round. He also ran in the heats of the event at the 2013 World Championships in Athletics.

Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's 800 metres
The men's 800 metres competition at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom, was held at the Olympic Stadium on 6–9 August. Fifty-five athletes from 43 nations competed. The event was won in a world record time of 1:40.91 by David Rudisha of Kenya, the second consecutive and fourth overall title for Kenya in the event. Rudisha would later become the fourth man to successfully defend his Olympic 800 metres title, and the 11th to win two medals of any kind in the event. Nijel Amos' silver medal was the first Olympic medal ever for Botswana. Timothy Kitum of Kenya won the bronze medal.