hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nikolai Litvin
Nikolai Nesterovich Litvin (Russian: Николай Нестерович Литвин; born 1960), known as The Prokopyevsk Strangler (Russian: Прокопьевский душитель), is a Kazakhstani-born Russian serial killer and rapist who murdered at least ten girls and young women in Prokopyevsk, Kemerovo Oblast, one of them being pregnant. Recognized as insane at the time of the murders, he was sent to an undisclosed psychiatric facility to be treated for his mental illness.

Kemerovo Oblast
Kemerovo Oblast (Russian: Ке́меровская о́бласть, romanized: Kemerovskaya oblastʹ, Russian pronunciation: [ˈkʲemʲɪrəfskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]), also known as Kuzbass (Russian: Кузба́сс, Russian pronunciation: [kʊzˈbas]), after the Kuznetsk Basin, is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Kemerovo is the administrative center and largest city of the oblast. Kemerovo Oblast is one of Russia's most urbanized regions, with over 70% of the population living in its nine principal cities. Its ethnic composition is predominantly Russian, but native Shors and Kalmak Siberian Tatars also live in the oblast, along with Ukrainians, Volga Tatars, and Chuvash. The population recorded during the 2021 Census was 2,600,923.
Tom Phillips (racing driver)
Tom Phillips (born February 5, 1958) is an American former racing driver from Portland, Oregon. He finished in fifth place in the 1986 WCAR/SCCA Pro Formula Atlantic Championship with wins at Laguna Seca Raceway and the Tacoma Dome course. He made his CART Championship Car debut in October of that year at Laguna Seca in the No. 23 Dick Simon Racing Lola-Cosworth but was knocked out of the race after 8 laps due to engine trouble after qualifying 20th. The race would be his only CART appearance.

Formula Atlantic
Formula Atlantic is a specification of open-wheel racing car developed in the 1970s. It was used in professional racing through the IMSA Atlantic Championship until 2009 and is currently primarily used in amateur racing through Sports Car Club of America Formula Atlantic.
Ostrov air base
Ostrov (Russian: Веретье ("Veret"); also Ostrov-5, Gorokhovka) is a Russian Aerospace Forces air base in Pskov Oblast, Russia located 7 km southeast of Ostrov and 57 km south of Pskov.  It was subordinate to the Baltic Fleet and was a nuclear bomber facility with 15 very large revetments on the east side of the airfield and about 30 small revetments on the west side.  As many as 63 Tupolev Tu-16s were based here.  A US intelligence analysis in 1984 identified a normal complement of 52 Tu-16 aircraft at Ostrov.  The base hosted the Russian Navy's 444th Center for Combat Employment and Retraining of Personnel Naval Aviation.

The base is now home to the 15th Army Aviation Brigade which was formed during 2013. The brigade operates Ka-52, Mi-28N, Mi-35M, Mi-26 and Mi-8 MTV-5.

NASA's FIRMS imagery indicates that the 3,480 metres long runway has been constructed by hardening the overrun of a pre-existing 2,500 metres long runway, similarly to the Shaykovka air base.

Fire Information for Resource Management System
Fire Information for Resource Management System (FIRMS) is a free web mapping platform offered by NASA as part of its Earth Science Data Systems (ESDS) Program. It displays active fire locations in near real-time overlaid on a map.

While created to monitor wildfires, it has also been used to report on fires due to military conflicts such as the Russian invasion of Ukraine and the Tigray war.
Portsmouth, Great Falls and Conway Railroad
The Portsmouth, Great Falls and Conway Railroad (PGF&C) (later known as the Conway Branch of the Boston and Maine Railroad) is a former rail line between Rollinsford and Intervale, New Hampshire, in the United States. At Rollinsford, the line connected to other lines to provide service between the White Mountains and coastal cities such as Boston. At Intervale, it connected to the Mountain Division of the Maine Central Railroad. The rail line takes its name from the city of Portsmouth, near its southern terminus; the city of Somersworth (formerly known as "Great Falls"); and the town of Conway, near its northern terminus. Today, the infrastructure of the former PGF&C is owned by different entities, including the State of New Hampshire, the Conway Scenic Railroad, and the New Hampshire Northcoast Corporation. Some segments are still operated as freight or heritage railways, while other segments are being maintained as rail trails.

Rochester, New Hampshire
Rochester is a city in Strafford County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 32,492 at the 2020 census, making it the 6th most populous city in New Hampshire. In addition to the downtown area, the city contains the villages of East Rochester, Gonic, and North Rochester. Rochester is home to Skyhaven Airport and part of Baxter Lake.

Rochester was one of New Hampshire's fastest growing cities between 2010 and 2020.
2012 Clackmannanshire Council election
Elections to Clackmannanshire Council were held on 3 May 2012, the same day as the 31 other local authorities in Scotland. The election used the five wards created under the Local Governance (Scotland) Act 2004, with 18 Councillors being elected. Each ward elected either 3 or 4 members, using the STV electoral system.

The election saw the Scottish National Party gain a seat and increase their vote share on the council to have the same number of seats as Labour. The Scottish Conservative and Unionist Party retained their single seat on the council and there remains a single Independent. The Scottish Liberal Democrats were wiped out losing their single seat.

After the election an SNP minority administration was formed with the support of the Independent Councillor. The Conservatives abstained on the vote.

Scottish Liberal Democrats
The Scottish Liberal Democrats (Scottish Gaelic: Pàrtaidh Libearalach Deamocratach na h-Alba) is a liberal, federalist political party in Scotland, part of UK Liberal Democrats. The party holds 5 of the 129 seats in the Scottish Parliament, 6 of the 57 Scottish seats in the House of Commons and 88 of 1,226 local councillors.

The Scottish Liberal Democrats is one of the three state parties within the federal Liberal Democrats, the others being the Welsh Liberal Democrats and the English Liberal Democrats. The Liberal Democrats do not contest elections in Northern Ireland.
Kyocera 6035
The Kyocera QCP-6035 was one of the first smartphones to appear in the American market, released in January 2001, one of the first devices to combine a PDA with a mobile phone. Its predecessor was the Qualcomm pdQ (800 and 1900) released in 1999, built by Qualcomm's handset division (Qualcomm Personal Electronics), which Kyocera acquired in 2000.

Kyocera
Kyocera Corporation (京セラ株式会社, Kyōsera Kabushiki-gaisha; pronounced [kʲoːseɾa]) is a Japanese multinational ceramics and electronics manufacturer headquartered in Kyoto, Japan. It was founded as Kyoto Ceramic Company, Limited (京都セラミック株式会社, Kyōto Seramikku Kabushiki-gaisha) in 1959 by Kazuo Inamori and renamed in 1982.

Today, Kyocera manufactures industrial ceramics, solar power generating systems, telecommunications equipment, office document imaging equipment, electronic components, semiconductor packages, cutting tools, and components for medical and dental implant systems.
Jim Lang (rugby union)
Jim Lang (1 October 1909 – 22 December 1991) was a Welsh international rugby union number 8 who played club rugby for Llanelli and Swansea. Whilst with Llanelli he faced two touring Southern Hemisphere teams, the South Africans in 1931 and New Zealand in 1935.

Swansea RFC
Swansea Rugby Football Club is a Welsh rugby union team which plays in the Super Rygbi Cymru. The club play at St Helen's Rugby and Cricket Ground in Swansea and are also known as The Whites, in reference to their home kit colours.
Small nucleolar RNA Z267
In molecular biology, Small nucleolar RNA Z267 is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the modification of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is usually located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA.

snoRNA Z267 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the conserved sequence motifs known as the C box (UGAUGA) and the D box (CUGA). Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs.

Plant snoRNA Z267 was identified in a screen of Oryza sativa.

Nucleolus
The nucleolus (/njuːˈkliːələs, ˌnjuːkliˈoʊləs/; pl.: nucleoli /-laɪ/) is the largest structure in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. It is best known as the site of ribosome biogenesis. The nucleolus also participates in the formation of signal recognition particles and plays a role in the cell's response to stress. Nucleoli are made of proteins, DNA and RNA, and form around specific chromosomal regions called nucleolar organizing regions.  Malfunction of the nucleolus is the cause of several human conditions called "nucleolopathies" and the nucleolus is being investigated as a target for cancer chemotherapy.
Mark Duggan (economist)
Mark Gregory Duggan (born November 13, 1970) is the Wayne and Jodi Cooperman Professor of Economics at Stanford University. He also served as director of the Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research (SIEPR) for nine years, ending August 31, 2024. In November 2025, Duggan was appointed director of the Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy at the University of Toronto with a term set to begin on September 1, 2026.

Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research
The Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research (SIEPR) is a nonpartisan economic research institution housed at Stanford University.  It was founded in 1982 as a way to bring together economic scholars from different parts of the University.

SIEPR's mission is to support research that informs economic policymaking while engaging future leaders and scholars. The institute shares knowledge and builds relationships among academics, government officials, the business community and the public.
Lil Duke
Arnold Martinez (born March 29, 1985), known professionally as Lil Duke, is an American rapper and singer from Atlanta, Georgia. Duke is a member of Young Thug's "Young Stoner Life Records". He started out as Yung Duke in the late 2000's before joining PeeWee Longway's music group label MPA BandCamp. In 2015 after MPA disbanded, after that he stuck with YSL as Lil Duke, which is the moniker under which he has released all of his music. However he is often credited on his features simply as Duke, his official stage name goes back and forth.

Duke has made appearances on songs for artists such as Trippie Redd, Chris Brown, Machine Gun Kelly, and NAV along with the projects of his label mates such as Lil Keed and Gunna. Duke is most known for the verses he’s contributed to on Young Thug’s projects including Barter 6, I’m Up, Slime Season 3, Slime Language, and most notably So Much Fun.

Duke has released 19 singles, 10 mixtapes, and one studio album.

YSL Records
YSL Records (an initialism for Young Stoner Life Records) is an American record label based in Atlanta, Georgia. It was founded in 2016 by the Atlanta-based rapper Young Thug. The label is an imprint of 300 Entertainment. As of 2026 current acts include Thug himself, Strick, T-Shyne, Yung Kayo and 1300SAINT. Several contemporary artists, including Drake, Future, Lil Uzi Vert, Playboi Carti, Lil Baby, Lil Gotit, NAV, Travis Scott, and Slimelife Shawty have expressed allegiance to YSL, but are not contractually signed.

The label was embroiled in a major criminal trial from 2022–2024, with Young Thug, Gunna, and other YSL members arrested and charged with racketeering and various gang-related crimes in violation of Georgia's RICO (Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations) Act. Authorities alleged that YSL Records is a street gang. In 2024, label head Young Thug was released on probation.
Sandergrove, South Australia
Sandergrove is a locality in the Australian state of South Australia about 9 km (5.5 mi) south of Strathalbyn. It was a junction on the Victor Harbor railway line, where the Milang railway line branched off. The railway was authorised in 1881 and closed in 1970.

The north-western end of the Nurragi Conservation Reserve, a private protected area which follows the alignment of the former Milang railway line as a rail trail, terminates at Sandergrove.

Victor Harbor railway line
The Victor Harbor railway line is a 1600 mm (5 ft 3 in) broad gauge line in South Australia. It originally branched from the Adelaide to Melbourne line at Mount Barker Junction then ran 80.6 kilometres (50 miles) south to Victor Harbor. When the mainline was converted to 1435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge and the junction was closed, the northern end of the Victor Harbor line was curtailed at Mount Barker, 3 kilometres (2 miles) from the junction.
David Manlun
Major David Manlun, KC (27 July 1985 – 7 June 2017) was an Indian Army Officer who was posthumously awarded the Kirti Chakra, India's second highest peace-time military decoration. He was from the First Battalion The Naga Regiment.

Earlier, In August, 2016, he received the COAS Commendation Card for his extraordinary service.

Indian Army Public Schools
The Indian Army Public Schools (APS) are a chain of educational institutions under regional commands of Indian Army established for the purpose of providing education to the children of Indian armed forces personnel. With a nationwide presence spanning 137 schools, it is one of the largest chains of schools in India. The Army Welfare Education Society (AWES), which was founded in 1983, oversees the management of the APS system, and has established over 137 Army Public schools and 249 Army pre-primary schools across the country, as well as several institutions of higher education.

Since their inception, APSs have witnessed significant growth, with a student population of around 20,000 in 1987 expanding to a mammoth system with a current student strength of approximately 2.3 lakh and 8,500 teaching staff. On average, 5,000 students are added to the APS system every year.
Param Sundari (song)
"Param Sundari" (transl. Eternal beauty) is an Indian Hindi-language song composed by A. R. Rahman, written by Amitabh Bhattacharya and sung by Shreya Ghoshal, for the soundtrack album of the 2021 film Mimi. The song was released as the lead single along with the soundtrack album on 16 July 2021. The song has over 400 million views on YouTube. The song peaked at No. 184 on the  Billboard Global Excl. U.S. chart.

Sony Music India
Sony Music Entertainment India Pvt. Ltd. is an Indian music record label operated by Sony and headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra. The company began operations in 1997 and was the first record company in India to be fully foreign-owned, with Sony being a Japanese corporation. From December 2013 to March 2020, the company distributed Warner Music Group releases in India and the SAARC region, until the launch of the Warner Music India division. Sony Music India is the largest foreign-owned music label in the country and the second-largest overall. It holds a 25% share of the Indian music market, ranking behind T-Series and ahead of Zee Music Company, with which it has a strategic partnership.
Burnaby baronets
The Burnaby Baronetcy, of Broughton Hall in the County of Oxford, was a title in the Baronetage of Great Britain. It was created on 31 October 1767 for Vice-Admiral Sir William Burnaby, High Sheriff of Oxfordshire in 1756. He was the son of John Burnaby, Ambassador to Sweden.

The title is extinct. The fifth and last Baronet is believed to have died in Spain.

High Sheriff of Oxfordshire
The High Sheriff of Oxfordshire, in common with other counties, was originally the King's representative on taxation upholding the law in Saxon times. The word Sheriff evolved from 'shire-reeve'.

The title of High Sheriff is therefore much older than the other crown appointment, the Lord Lieutenant of Oxfordshire, which came about after 1545. Between 1248 and 1566 Berkshire and Oxfordshire formed a joint shrievalty (apart from a brief period in 1258/9). See High Sheriff of Berkshire.
Kate Bradbury Griffith
Kate Bradbury Griffith (née Bradbury; 26 August 1854 – 2 March 1902) was a British Egyptologist who assisted in the early development of the Egypt Exploration Society and the Department of Egyptology at University College London (UCL). Bradbury was born in Ashton-under-Lyne, near Manchester, UK, to Elizabeth Ann Tomlins and businessman Charles Timothy Bradbury.

Egyptology
Egyptology (from Egypt and Greek -λογία, -logia; Arabic: علم المصريات) is the scientific study of ancient Egypt, including historic artifacts and ancient writing. The topics studied include ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture, culture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious practices in the 4th century AD.
Solorina spongiosa
Solorina spongiosa, commonly known as the fringed chocolate chip lichen, is a species of lichen in the family Peltigeraceae. It was first formally described as a new species by the Swedish lichenologist Erik Acharius as Collema spongiosum. Italian botanist Martino Anzi transferred it to the genus Solorina in 1862.

The tissue containing the photobiont green algae is limited to a ragged ring surrounding the apothecia. These concave fruiting structures are 1.5–4 mm (0.06–0.16 in) in diameter. Solorina spongiosa is typically found in regions with arctic to alpine tundra habitats, although in rare instances it has been recorded growing on the ground in shaded boreal habitats.

Tundra
In physical geography, a tundra (/ˈtʌndrə, ˈtʊn-/) is a type of biome where tree growth is hindered by frigid temperatures and short growing seasons. There are three regions and associated types of tundra: Arctic, Alpine, and Antarctic.

Tundra vegetation is composed of dwarf shrubs, sedges, grasses, mosses, and lichens. Scattered trees grow in some tundra regions. The ecotone (or ecological boundary region) between the tundra and the forest is known as the tree line or timberline. The tundra soil is rich in nitrogen and phosphorus. The soil also contains large amounts of biomass and decomposed biomass that has been stored as methane and carbon dioxide in the permafrost, making the tundra soil a carbon sink. As global warming heats the ecosystem and causes soil thawing, the permafrost carbon cycle accelerates and releases much of these soil-contained greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, creating a feedback cycle that contributes to climate change.
Sycamore Historic District
The Sycamore Historic District is a meandering area encompassing 99 acres (400,000 m2) of the land in and around the downtown of the DeKalb County, Illinois county seat, Sycamore. The area includes historic buildings and a number of historical and Victorian homes. Some significant structures are among those located within the Historic District including the DeKalb County Courthouse and the Sycamore Public Library. The district has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since May 2, 1978.

There are over 200 properties within the irregular boundaries of the Sycamore Historic District. Of those, 187 are considered contributing properties to the historic district, and 22 are non-contributing. Of all of the district's homes and buildings 75% fit within the historic district concept. Some of the major structures include several prominent Queen Anne style mansions, the Sycamore library, the DeKalb County Courthouse, and dozens of mid- to late 19th-century houses.

Illinois Route 64
Illinois Route 64 (IL 64, Illinois 64) is an east–west state highway in Northern Illinois.  Its western terminus is at the Iowa state line, connecting with U.S. Route 52 (US 52) and Iowa Highway 64  via the Dale Gardner Veterans Memorial Bridge at the Mississippi River west of Savanna.  IL 64 then travels east through Mount Carroll, Lanark, Mount Morris, Oregon, Sycamore, Lily Lake, Saint Charles and the western suburbs of Chicago before terminating at U.S. Route 41 (US 41, Lake Shore Drive) on the city's north side. IL 64 is 138.61 miles (223.07 km) long.
Chon Kye-young
Chon Kye-young (born December 10, 1970) is a South Korean manhwa author. One of Korea's most popular graphic novelists since her debut in 1996, her major works include Unplugged Boy (1997), Audition (1998), Girl in Heels (2007–2010) and Beautiful Man. Her recent series Love Alarm (2014–present), considered the biggest hit since her debut, is being adapted into a television series of the same name.

Manhwa
Manhwa (Korean: 만화; Hanja: 漫畵; Korean pronunciation: [manβʷa]) is the general Korean term for comics and print cartoons. Outside Korea, the term usually refers to Korean comics.

Modern Manhwa has extended its reach to many other countries. These comics have branched outside of Korea by access to Webtoons and have created an impact that has resulted in some movie, drama and television show adaptations.
SpeedTree
SpeedTree is a group of vegetation programming and modeling software products developed and sold by Unity Technologies, and originally by Interactive Data Visualization, Inc. (IDV), that generates virtual foliage for animations, architecture and in real time for video games and demanding real time simulations.

SpeedTree has been licensed to developers of a range of video games for Microsoft Windows, and the Xbox and PlayStation console series since 2002.

SpeedTree Cinema has been used in more than 40 major films since its release in 2009, including Iron Man 3, Star Trek Into Darkness, Life of Pi and Birdman, and was used to generate the lush vegetation of Pandora, in Avatar.

SpeedTree was awarded a Scientific and Technical Academy Award in 2015, presented to IDV founders Michael Sechrest and Chris King, and Senior Engineer Greg Croft.

Texture atlas
In computer graphics, a texture atlas (also called a spritesheet or an image sprite in 2D game development) is an image containing multiple smaller images, usually packed together to reduce overall dimensions. An atlas can consist of uniformly-sized images or images of varying dimensions. A sub-image is drawn using custom texture coordinates to pick it out of the atlas.
Abraham Weinberg
Abraham "Bo" Weinberg (January 7, 1900 – c. September 9, 1935) was a Jewish New York City mobster who became a hitman and chief lieutenant for the Prohibition-era gang boss Dutch Schultz. As Schultz expanded his bootlegging operations into Manhattan during Prohibition, he recruited Abe Weinberg and his brother George into his gang. Abe Weinberg would become one of Schultz's top gunmen during the Manhattan Bootleg Wars and was a suspect in the later high-profile gangland killings of Jack "Legs" Diamond, Vincent "Mad Dog" Coll, and mob boss Salvatore Maranzano.

Contract killing
Contract killing, sometimes known as murder-for-hire, is a form of murder or assassination in which one party employs another party to extrajudicially kill a targeted person or people via an illegal agreement that involves some form of compensation, monetary or otherwise. An act of contract killing is also known colloquially as a hit, and the person performing the killing (i.e. the contract killer or "contractor") is known as the hitman or (as borrowed from Spanish) sicario.

Organized crime gangs and syndicates sometimes employ dedicated members or associates as contractors (each known as an enforcer) to perform targeted assassination, lynching, maiming or other acts of violence, typically for purposes such as turf war, feud, extortion or as a form of political violence to terrorize dissidents or to demoralize other groups.