hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Ships of De Meern
The Ships of De Meern are the collective name for a set of Dutch Roman wooden vessels in the town of De Meern, Utrecht.

From 1997 to 2008, a series of ships have been recovered in varying states of preservation, within the proximity of Roman castellums of Laurum (present day Woerden) and Nigrum Pullum (present day Zwammerdam) along the Rhine.

From 47 to 260 AD, the present day sites were part of the limes, part of the border frontier and defense posts of the Roman Empire, and as such, became a site of frequent military activity, with ship traffic for military personnel and supplies. As such, the ships provide insight in provenance of the region's supply chain and activities.

Netherlands in the Roman era
For around 450 years, from around 55 BC to around 410 AD, the southern part of the Netherlands was integrated into the Roman Empire. During this time the Romans in the Netherlands had an enormous influence on the lives and culture of the people who lived in the Netherlands at the time and (indirectly) on the generations that followed.
Sam Meston
Samuel Paul Meston (19 November 1882 – 9 January 1960) was an English cricketer. He played for Gloucestershire in 1906 and Essex between 1907 and 1908. He later moved to Canada where he continued playing cricket.

Essex County Cricket Club
Essex County Cricket Club is one of eighteen first-class county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Essex.

Founded in 1876, the club had minor county status until 1894 when it was promoted to first-class status pending its entry into the County Championship in 1895. Since then, the team has played in every top-level domestic cricket competition in England.

Essex currently play all their home games at the County Cricket Ground, Chelmsford. The club has formerly used other venues throughout the county including Lower Castle Park in Colchester, Valentines Park in Ilford, Leyton Cricket Ground, the Gidea Park Sports Ground in Romford, and Garon Park and Southchurch Park, both in Southend.

The limited overs team has previously been known as the Essex Eagles but now play simply as Essex.
Upper Flood Swallet
Upper Flood Swallet which was originally known as Blackmoor Flood Swallet, is an exceptionally well-decorated cave near Charterhouse, in the carboniferous limestone of the Mendip Hills, in Somerset, England. The cave is part of the Cheddar Complex SSSI.

The entrance was revealed in the Great Flood of 1968,  giving the cave its name. It was dug consistently since then with breakthroughs occurring in 1971, 1972, 1985 and 2006.

As of September 2008 it is over 3.5 km in length and around 125 m deep.

Sinkhole
A sinkhole is a depression or hole in the ground caused by some form of collapse of the surface layer. The term is sometimes used to refer to doline, enclosed depressions that are also known as shakeholes, and to openings where surface water enters into underground passages known as ponor, swallow hole or swallet. A cenote is a type of sinkhole that exposes groundwater underneath. Sink and stream sink are more general terms for sites which drain surface water, possibly by infiltration into sediment or crumbled rock.

Most sinkholes are caused by karst processes – the chemical dissolution of carbonate rocks, collapse or suffosion processes. Sinkholes are usually circular and vary in size from tens to hundreds of meters both in diameter and depth, and vary in form from soil-lined bowls to bedrock-edged chasms. Sinkholes may form gradually or suddenly, and are found worldwide.
Spike (DC Thomson)
Spike was a British comics anthology that ran from 22 January 1983 to 28 April 1984. Published by D. C. Thomson & Co. Ltd, it was a traditional 'action comic for boys', with many of its strips revolving around football, athletics, school, war, sci-fi, espionage and mystery. After just 67 issues it merged with Champ comic in May 1984.

Comics anthology
A comics anthology collects works in the medium of comics, typically from multiple series, and compiles them into an anthology or magazine. The comics in these anthologies range from comic strips that are too short for standalone publication to comic book chapters that might later be compiled into collected comic book volumes (such as manga tankobon and comic albums).
2023 Kuchyně Gorenje Prague Open – Doubles
Elixane Lechemia and Julia Lohoff is the defending champions but both Lohoff chose to participate at the TCCB Open in Switzerland, Lechemia chose not to participate.

Martyna Kubka and Zhibek Kulambayeva won the title, defeating Angelica Moratelli and Camilla Rosatello in the final, 7–6(7–3), 6–4.

Julia Lohoff
Julia Lohoff (née Wachaczyk; born 13 April 1994) is a German tennis player.
She is a doubles specialist who reached her career-high doubles ranking by the WTA of No. 61 in February 2022.

Lohoff has won one WTA Tour doubles title at the 2020 WTA Lyon Open along with one title on the WTA Challenger Tour. She has also won nine singles titles and 33 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.
Centennial Tower (Singapore)
Centennial Tower is a 158-metre (518 ft), 37-storey high-rise office skyscraper in the central business district of Singapore. It is located on 3 Temasek Avenue, in the zone of Marina Centre. The building is nearby other skyscrapers such as Millenia Tower, and Suntec City.

The building won the Building and Construction Authority's Best Buildable Design Award in the Commercial & Office Buildings category in 1999.

The tower was built at a total cost of USD$149 Million. It has a gross floor area of 66,270 square metres.

Centennial Tower's anchor tenant is LGT Group.

Building and Construction Authority
The Building and Construction Authority (BCA) is a statutory board under the Ministry of National Development of the Government of Singapore. It was established on 1 April 1999 through the merger of the Construction Industry Development Board and the Building Control Division of the former Public Works Department.

The primary role of BCA is to develop and regulate Singapore's building and construction industry.
Blessing Mahwire
Ngonidzashe Blessing Mahwire (born 31 July 1982) is a Zimbabwean cricketer who plays first-class cricket for Mashonaland and has also made appearances for the Zimbabwean cricket team in both the Test match and One Day International forms of the game. He is a right-handed batsman and medium-pace bowler.

His introduction to the game came as somewhat of a relief not only because he is a competent all-round cricketer, but also because he comes from a province in Zimbabwe called Masvingo, in which few cricketing roots can be found.

His highest score at school was 154 in Harare. He considers himself to be a "batsman who bowls", and is mainly used as a frontline bowler.

Masvingo
Masvingo, formerly known as Fort Victoria, is a city in southeastern Zimbabwe and the capital of Masvingo Province. The city lies close to Great Zimbabwe, the national monument from which the country takes its name and close to Lake Mutirikwi, its recreational park, the Kyle dam and the Kyle National Reserve that is home to a range of animal species. It is mostly populated by the Karanga people who form the biggest branch of the various Shona tribes in Zimbabwe.
East Dagomba District
East Dagomba District is a former district council that was located in Northern Region, Ghana. Originally created as an ordinary district assembly in 1975. However, on 1988, it was split off into four new district assemblies: Yendi Municipal District (capital: Yendi), Gushegu-Karaga District (capital: Gushegu), Saboba-Chereponi District (capital: Saboba) and Zabzugu-Tatale District (capital: Zabzugu). The district assembly was located in the eastern part of Northern Region and had Yendi as its capital town.

Saboba
Saboba is a small town and is the capital of Saboba district, a district in the Northern Region of north Ghana. The primary economic activity is farming. Tribes like kokombas, kotokoli, chakosi and dagombas can be found in this district. Currently, Charles Bintin is the member of Parliament for Saboba and its neighbouring villages.
Jandyan Waterfall
Jandyan Waterfall (Kurdish: هاوینەهەواری جندیان, romanized: Hawînehewarî Cindîyan) is located in the Kurdistan Region in Iraq. It is situated on the main road between Soran and Choman District, 112 kilometres (70 mi) northeast of Erbil and 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from Soran.

Choman District
Choman District (Kurdish: قەزای چۆمان, romanized: Qezay Çoman; Arabic: قضاء جومان) is a district in Erbil Province, Iraq. Its administrative centre is also called Choman. The District of Choman lies at the Iraqi-Iranian border, and is composed of four Sub-Districts Galala, Haji Omeran, Samilan and Qasre and about 166 villages.
Good Old Schooldays
Good Old Schooldays is a 1930 American animated short film produced by The Van Beuren Corporation and released by Pathé Exchange. The film, which features Willie Jones and other animals, was directed by John Foster and Mannie Davis, with synchronization by Gene Rodemich.

Released on March 7, 1930, the film takes place inside of a schoolhouse, and is part of a series entitled Aesop's Sound Fables, though its plot has no relation to the fables.

Gene Rodemich
Eugene Frederick Rodemich (April 13, 1890 in St. Louis, Missouri – February 27, 1934 in New York) was a pianist and orchestra leader, who composed the music for numerous films in the late 1920s and early 1930s, mostly cartoons and live-action short subjects produced by The Van Beuren Corporation and distributed by RKO Radio Pictures.
Jakob Andreasen (handball coach)
Jakob Andreasen (born 16 January 1976) is a Danish team handball coach and sports director. He was the head coach for Silkeborg-Voel KFUM from 2006 to 2023. In the fall of 2022 he became the director of the club as well as head coach. In February 2023 he stopped as coach of to focus on being the director at the club full time. When he finished his tenure, he was the longest sitting head coach in the Danish women's handball league. When he took over the position, the club was midtable in the Danish first division, and he managed to guide them to promotion to the highest tier in 2014.

He formerly coached the Greenlandic women's national team and Greenlandic men's national team.

His father, Morten Andreassen, was the chairperson at Silkeborg-Voel for 19 years. He is the uncle of handball player Natasja Andreasen.

Danish 1st Division (handball)
1st Division is the name of the second highest handball league for both genders. The top-ranking teams each wins promotion to Damehåndboldligaen and Danish Handball League, while the bottom finishers get relegated to the Danish 2nd Divisions. The men's division consists of 14 teams that meet each opponent once away and once at home, while the women's division consists of 12 teams.
Uda District, Nara
Uda (宇陀郡, Uda-gun) is a district located in Nara Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2005, the district has an estimated population of 42,752 and a density of 113.98 persons per km2. The total area is 375.09 km2.

Districts of Japan
In Japan, a district (郡, gun) is composed of one or more rural municipalities (towns or villages) within a prefecture. Districts have no governing function, and are only used for geographic or statistical purposes such as mailing addresses. Cities are not part of districts.

Historically, districts have at times functioned as an administrative unit.  From 1878 to 1921 district governments were roughly equivalent to a county of the United States, ranking below prefecture and above town or village, on the same level as a city. District governments were entirely abolished by 1926.
Bronson Community Schools
Bronson Community Schools is a public school district in Branch County, in southern Michigan. It serves Bronson, the townships of Bronson, Gilead, and Noble, and parts of the townships of Batavia, Bethel, Ovid, and Matteson. It also serves part of Burr Oak Township in St. Joseph County.

St. Joseph County, Michigan
Saint Joseph County is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan, on the central southern border with Indiana. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 60,939. The county seat is Centreville.

French colonists in the late 17th century were the first Europeans to explore this territory, and they named the St. Joseph River for the patron saint of New France. This area was not part of the United States until after the American Revolutionary War. After the 1821 Treaty of Chicago was signed, regional tribes of the indigenous peoples ceded much land to the United States, opening the area for American settlement. The county was set off and organized by the Michigan Territory legislature in 1829; it was named for the river.

The area is home to the oldest and largest Amish community in Michigan.

St. Joseph County comprises the Sturgis, MI Micropolitan Statistical Area and is included in the Kalamazoo-Battle Creek-Portage, MI Combined Statistical Area.
12 Peers Theater
12 Peers Theater is a professional theatre company based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.  Established in 2011 by Vince Ventura and Sara Fisher, the company has held productions in the Grey Box Theatre in Lawrenceville and Modern Formations Gallery in Garfield.  12 Peers has produced the musical tick, tick...BOOM! by Jonathan Larson as well as Pittsburgh premieres of contemporary plays such as The Weird by Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa, Talk About the Passion by Graham Farrow, and sustenance by James Roday.  In addition to full productions, the company has produced the Cultivating Culture Series, a series of new play workshops and cabarets, as well as the Pittsburgh Monologue Project, a series of monologues by Robert Isenberg and Brad Keller inspired by real-life interactions that is also regularly performed by the Duquesne University Red Masquers.  12 Peers has received attention from the publications Pittsburgh City Paper and Pittsburgh Magazine.

Pittsburgh Magazine
Pittsburgh Magazine is a lifestyle magazine covering the Pittsburgh metropolitan area. It hosts an annual "40 Under 40" featuring prominent young Pittsburghers. It's known for listicles including Pittsburgh's 25 Best Restaurants, Best of the 'Burgh, Top Doctors, Top Dentists and annual City Guide. It is a member of the City and Regional Magazine Association (CRMA).
Minimum-distance estimation
Minimum-distance estimation (MDE) is a conceptual method for fitting a statistical model to data, usually the empirical distribution. Often-used estimators such as ordinary least squares can be thought of as special cases of minimum-distance estimation.

While consistent and asymptotically normal, minimum-distance estimators are generally not statistically efficient when compared to maximum likelihood estimators, because they omit the Jacobian usually present in the likelihood function. This, however, substantially reduces the computational complexity of the optimization problem.

Goodness of fit
The goodness of fit of a statistical model describes how well it fits a set of observations. Measures of goodness of fit typically summarize the discrepancy between observed values and the values expected under the model in question. Such measures can be used in statistical hypothesis testing, e.g. to test for normality of residuals, to test whether two samples are drawn from identical distributions  (see Kolmogorov–Smirnov test), or whether outcome frequencies follow a specified distribution (see Pearson's chi-square test).  In the analysis of variance, one of the components into which the variance is partitioned may be a lack-of-fit sum of squares.
Larry Lemanski
Larry F. Lemanski is 'Distinguished Research Professor' and Director of the Biomedical Institute for Regenerative Research (BIRR) at East Texas A&M University He is also a Regents' Professor of the Texas A & M System, the highest level recognition for Texas A & M System's faculties. He received a B.S. from University of Wisconsin, Platteville and then both M.S. and Ph.D. from Arizona State University, Tempe. He was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia and worked there with Prof. Lee D. Peachey. He joined UCSF Medical Center, San Francisco in 1975 as served as an Assistant Professor of Anatomy (1975–1977); he moved to University of Wisconsin, Madison and worked there as Assistant Professor (1977–1979) and Associate Professor (1979–1981). He was appointed as full Professor in 1981. He was Provost and Vice President for Academic Affairs at East Texas A&M University during 2009–2012.

University of Wisconsin–Platteville
University of Wisconsin–Platteville (UW–Platteville or UW Platt) is a public university in Platteville, Wisconsin, United States. Part of the University of Wisconsin System, it offers bachelor's and master's degrees across three colleges and enrolls approximately 6,500 students as of 2022.
Serra Yılmaz
Serra Yılmaz (born 13 September 1954) is a Turkish actress. She has appeared in more than forty films since 1983. On a number of films she collaborated with Ferzan Özpetek.

She plays the lead role in the theatre piece La Bastarda Di Istanbul, adapted from Elif Şafak's 2006 novel The Bastard of Istanbul and staged in March 2015 by Teatro di Rifredi in Florence, Italy.

In an interview, Yılmaz said that she was an atheist. In 1991, she was diagnosed with breast cancer and received treatment.

Theatres in Florence
There are about thirty theatres in Florence, Italy (not counting those already closed or dismantled), and range from historic theatres, to national and municipal music halls.

There are four theaters devoted to classical music and opera (Comunale, Verdi, Pergola and Goldoni).
Many citizens and tourists regularly visit these theatre halls, with over six hundred thousand tickets sold per season, compared with just under four hundred thousand residents.
Leaving Me Now
"Leaving Me Now" is a single by the English jazz-funk band Level 42, released on 29 November 1985 by Polydor Records. It was the second single from their sixth studio album World Machine. The song was written by Mark King, Phil Gould and Wally Badarou. A slow, emotive ballad written about the end of a relationship, it contains a piano solo by Mike Lindup in the middle and at the end, though this is edited down for the single edit.

The single's cover art is identical to the follow-up single "World Machine", and illustrates a hole in the sky. The single was released in many countries beyond the United Kingdom, including the United States, Germany, Australia, the Netherlands, Canada, Argentina, and Japan.

Wally Badarou
Waliou Jacques Daniel Isheola "Wally" Badarou (born 22 March 1955) is a French musician. Born in France with ancestry from Benin, West Africa, Badarou is known for his close association with the English group Level 42, and for his prolific work as a session musician with a wide variety of performers from around the world.
Congregation Talmud Torah Adereth El
Congregation Talmud Torah Adereth El, abbreviated as Adereth El, is an Orthodox Jewish synagogue located on East 29th Street between Third and Lexington Avenues in the Rose Hill neighborhood of Manhattan, New York City, New York, United States.

Founded in 1857, it claims to be the oldest synagogue in its original location with continuous services at the same location.

Lexington Avenue
Lexington Avenue, often colloquially abbreviated as "Lex", is an avenue on the East Side of Manhattan in New York City. The avenue carries southbound one-way traffic from East 131st Street to Gramercy Park at East 21st Street. Along its 5.5-mile (8.9-kilometer), 110-block route, Lexington Avenue runs through Harlem, Carnegie Hill, the Upper East Side, Midtown, and Murray Hill to a point of origin that is centered on Gramercy Park. South of Gramercy Park, the axis continues as Irving Place from 20th Street to East 14th Street.

Lexington Avenue was not one of the streets included in the Commissioners' Plan of 1811 street grid, so the addresses for cross streets do not start at an even hundred number, as they do with avenues that were originally part of the plan.
Stéphane Bédard
Stéphane Bédard (born 11 March 1968) is a Canadian lawyer and politician. Bédard  was interim leader of the Parti Québécois from 2014 to 2015. He was the Member of the National Assembly of Quebec for the provincial riding of Chicoutimi. He was chosen as interim parliamentary leader by the PQ caucus on April 10, 2014, following the PQ government's defeat in the 2014 general election and the resignation of Pauline Marois and officially became Leader of the Opposition when the legislature resumed on April 23, 2014. He officially became acting leader of the party on June 7, 2014, when Marois' resignation took effect at Parti Québécois Council of Presidents.  He held the position until Pierre Karl Péladeau was elected party leader in the Parti Québécois leadership election held on May 15, 2015. He resigned from the legislature and the Parti Québécois on October 22, 2015.

Chicoutimi (provincial electoral district)
Chicoutimi is a provincial electoral district in the Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec, Canada that elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec. The district is located within the city of Saguenay and consists of part of the borough of Chicoutimi; it corresponds exactly to the territory of the former city of Chicoutimi prior to its February 18, 2002, amalgamation into the newly formed city of Saguenay.

It was created for the 1912 election from a part of Chicoutimi-Saguenay electoral district.

The riding has had the same boundaries since the 1988 redistribution (when it gained 57 voters from Dubuc), and have not been altered significantly since the 1972 redistribution, when it gained part of Dubuc.
Lucius Octavius (name)
Lucius Octavius was a name used for men among the gens Octavia. Lucius was one of the four chief praenomina used by the Octavii, the other three being Gaius, Gnaeus and Marcus.

Lucius Octavius refers to men from several families of the gens Octavia:

Lucius Octavius (Rufus), consul in 75 BC, son of Gnaeus Octavius the consul in 87 BC, frequently confounded with the jurist Lucius Octavius Balbus;

Lucius Octavius Ligur, tribune of the Plebs in 82 BC with his brother, Marcus Octavius Ligur;

Lucius Octavius, legate of Pompey during the war against the pirates in 67 BC;

Lucius Octavius Naso, benefactor of Lucius Flavius, praetor designatus in 59 BC;

Lucius Octavius Balbus, eminent legal scholar and judex in the time of Cicero;

Lucius Octavius, detected in adultery by Gaius Memmius, and punished by him.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
Tibetan paper
Tibetan paper (Standard Tibetan: shog) is a wildcrafted handmade Central Tibetan paper made from the root of Stellera chamaejasme (rejag, re lcag pa). Introduced in the 7th century, Tibetan paper is pest-repellent, due to Stellera's poisonous compounds.

Burnishing (pottery)
Burnishing is a form of pottery treatment in which the surface of the pot is polished, using a hard smooth surface such as a wooden or bone spatula, smooth stones, plastic, or even glass bulbs, while it still is in a leathery 'green' state, i.e., before firing.