hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Geography of Montenegro
Montenegro (Montenegrin: Црна Гора, romanized: Crna Gora; lit. 'Black Mountain') is a small, mountainous country in Southeast Europe. It borders Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, Kosovo, Albania and the Adriatic Sea. While being a small country at 13,812 km2 (5,333 sq mi), it is very diverse regarding the terrain configuration. Montenegro has 50 peaks of over 2,000 m (6,600 ft) in altitude.

Lake Skadar
Lake Skadar or Lake Scutari (Albanian: Liqeni i Shkodrës, pronounced [liˈcɛni i ˈʃkɔdrəs]; Montenegrin: Скадарско језеро, Skadarsko jezero, pronounced [skâdarskɔː jɛ̂zɛrɔ]) – also called Lake Shkodra and Lake Shkodër – lies on the border of Albania and Montenegro, and is the largest lake in Southern Europe. It is named after the Albanian city of Shkodër which lies at its southeastern coast. It is a karst lake.

The Montenegrin section of the lake and surrounding land have been designated as a national park, while the Albanian part constitutes a nature reserve and a Ramsar site.
Stray Rounds
"Stray Rounds" is the ninth episode of the second season of the HBO original series The Wire. The episode was written by David Simon from a story by David Simon & Ed Burns and was directed by Tim Van Patten. It originally aired on July 27, 2003, with nearly three million viewers.

Ed Burns
Edward P. Burns (born January 29, 1946) is an American screenwriter and television producer. He has worked closely with writing partner David Simon. For HBO, they have collaborated on The Corner, The Wire, Generation Kill, The Plot Against America, and We Own This City. Burns is a former Baltimore police detective for the homicide and narcotics divisions, and a public school teacher. He often draws upon these experiences for his writing.
2018 Rinnai 250
The 2018 Rinnai 250 was the 2nd stock car race of the 2018 NASCAR Xfinity Series season, and the 27th iteration of the event. The race was held on Saturday, February 24, 2018 in Hampton, Georgia at Atlanta Motor Speedway, a 1.54 miles (2.48 km) permanent asphalt quad-oval intermediate speedway. The race took the scheduled 163 laps to complete. At race's end, Kevin Harvick driving for Stewart-Haas Racing with Biagi-DenBeste would dominate the race and win his 1st and only win of the season driving a part-time schedule. The win was the 47th, and final win of his NASCAR Xfinity Series career. To fill out the podium, Joey Logano of Team Penske and Christopher Bell of Joe Gibbs Racing would finish second and third, respectively.

Team Penske
Team Penske (formerly known as Penske Racing) is an American professional auto racing organization that competes in the IndyCar Series, NASCAR Cup Series, IMSA SportsCar Championship, and the FIA World Endurance Championship. The team made its competitive debut at the 1966 24 Hours of Daytona and has since participated in a wide range of professional motorsport disciplines, including Formula One, Can-Am, Trans-Am, and Australia's Supercars Championship. Over the course of its history, Team Penske has amassed more than 500 race victories and secured over 40 championships across various categories of auto racing. The team operates as a division of Penske Corporation and is owned and chaired by Roger Penske.
Ribbonism
Ribbonism, whose supporters were usually called Ribbonmen, was a 19th-century popular movement of poor Catholics in Ireland. The movement was also known as Ribandism. The Ribbonmen were active against landlords and their agents, and opposed "Orangeism", the ideology of the Protestant Orange Order.

Landlord
A landlord is the owner of property such as a farm, house, apartment, condominium, land, or real estate that is rented or leased to an individual or business, known as a tenant (also called a lessee or renter). The term landlord applies when a juristic person occupies this position. Alternative terms include lessor and owner. For female property owners, the term landlady may be used. In the United Kingdom, the manager of a pub, officially a licensed victualler, is also referred to as the landlord/landlady. In political economy, landlord specifically refers to someone who owns natural resources (such as land, excluding buildings) from which they derive economic rent, a form of passive income.
Hypotrachyna angustissima
Hypotrachyna angustissima is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. This species is characterised by the occurrence of usnic acid in its cortex, and salazinic acid in its medulla and laminal isidia. In this it resembles Hypotrachyna microblasta, but the latter has wider laciniae and larger apothecia, and is laterally overlapping. Its epithet angustissima is derived from the Latin angusti, meaning "narrow", due to this species' very narrow laciniae.

Salazinic acid
Salazinic acid is a depsidone with a lactone ring. It is found in some lichens, and is especially prevalent in Parmotrema and Bulbothrix, where its presence or absence is often used to help classify species in those genera.
Lango Sinkamba
Lango Sinkamba (born 1968 or 1969) is a Zambian former athlete who specialised in the wheelchair marathon. As a wheelchair athlete, he represented Zambia on two occasions at the Paralympic Games, and was his country's first Paralympian. He subsequently became President of Zambia's National Paralympic Committee, and has been active in raising the profile of disabled sports in his country. He is also an Athlete Ambassador for the international humanitarian organisation Right to Play.

In addition to his efforts in that field, he owns and runs a "small business centre, which deals with computer repairs, software, and office supplies".

Right to Play
Right To Play is an international non-profit organization whose mission is to use play to empower vulnerable children to overcome the effects of war, poverty, and disease. Right To Play's work is connected to the UN's Sustainable Development Goals, and focuses on four outcome areas: quality education, children's health and well-being, girls' empowerment, and child protection. Headquartered in Toronto, Canada, the organization has programs in 15 countries across Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and has national offices in Canada, Germany, Norway, the Netherlands, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, and the United States.
Union Chapel (Oak Bluffs, Massachusetts)
Union Chapel (or the Oak Bluffs Christian Union Chapel) is an historic octagon-shaped church building  in Oak Bluffs, on Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts.  The church was built in 1870 as a non-sectarian worship space in an area dominated by the Methodist summer camp meeting known as Wesleyan Grove. Acquired in 2002 by the nonprofit Martha's Vineyard Preservation Trust, the building continues to be used for non-sectarian religious services, and also serves as a community center and performing arts space.

Octagon
In geometry, an octagon (from Ancient Greek  ὀκτάγωνον (oktágōnon) 'eight angles') is an eight-sided polygon or 8-gon.

A regular octagon has Schläfli symbol {8} and can also be constructed as a quasiregular truncated square, t{4}, which alternates two types of edges. A truncated octagon, t{8} is a hexadecagon, {16}. A 3D analog of the octagon can be the rhombicuboctahedron with the triangular faces on it like the replaced edges, if one considers the octagon to be a truncated square.
Four Men in Prison
Four Men In Prison is a 1950 semi-documentary short film about English prison conditions directed by Max Anderson and produced by John Grierson. Filmed at Wakefield Prison, it was commissioned for the purpose of educating people involved in criminal justice.

The film was criticised for being inaccurate and sensational, and was quickly withdrawn.

HM Prison Wakefield
His Majesty's Prison Wakefield is a Category A men's prison in Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England, operated by His Majesty's Prison Service. The prison has been nicknamed the "Monster Mansion" along with HM Prison Frankland due to the large number of high-profile, high-risk sex offenders and murderers held there.
Chris Johnson (Mississippi politician)
Chris Johnson (born 1978) is an American politician serving in the Mississippi State Senate from the 44th district. He served in the Mississippi House of Representatives from the 87th district from 2016 to 2020.

Mississippi State Senate
The Mississippi State Senate is the upper house of the Mississippi Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Mississippi. The Senate, along with the lower Mississippi House of Representatives, convenes at the Mississippi State Capitol in Jackson. The Lieutenant Governor of Mississippi serves as President of the Senate.

The Senate is composed of 52 senators representing an equal number of constituent districts, with 56,947 people per district (2020 census). In the current legislative session, the Republican Party holds 34 seats while the Democratic Party holds 18 seats, creating a Republican trifecta in the state government.

The Senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to the state cabinet, commissions, and boards and can create and amend bills.
Greater Manchester congestion charge
The Greater Manchester congestion charge was part of a bid to the Government's Transport Innovation Fund for a £3-billion package of transport funding and the introduction of a road congestion charge for Greater Manchester, a metropolitan county in North West England. In 2008, two cordons were proposed—the outer encircling the main urban core of the Greater Manchester Urban Area and the inner covered Manchester city centre. The Greater Manchester Transport Innovation Fund was rejected by a referendum on 12 December 2008.

The proposed charge was to help pay for improvements in public transport, with £3 billion in the form of a grant and loan, in particular for the Manchester Metrolink expansion, and to reduce congestion in Greater Manchester.

North West England
North West England is one of nine official regions of England and consists of the ceremonial counties of Cheshire, Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire and Merseyside. The North West had a population of 7,417,397 in 2021. It is the third-most-populated region in the United Kingdom, after the South East and Greater London. The largest settlements are Manchester and Liverpool. It is one of the three regions, alongside North East England and Yorkshire and the Humber, that make up Northern England.
Senate (French Third Republic)
The Senate under the Third Republic was one of two legislative bodies, alongside the Chamber of Deputies, established by the Constitutional Laws of 1875 on 24 and 25 February 1875. It operated as the upper house in a strict bicameral system, where both chambers held equal legislative powers. Laws required identical approval from both chambers, with the Chamber of Deputies taking precedence only in initiating financial legislation. However, the President of the Republic needed the Senate's consent to dissolve the lower house.

Politically, the Senate's creation was a compromise between monarchists (divided between Orléanists and Legitimists) and republicans in the National Assembly. Republicans agreed to a conservative upper house in exchange for monarchist support for the Republic.

National Assembly (1871)
The National Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale) was a French unicameral legislative body elected on 8 February 1871 in the wake of the Armistice of Versailles signed on 26 January 1871 at the end of the Franco-Prussian War. It sat in Bordeaux until 20 March 1871, when it moved to the Palace of Versailles near Paris. The cabinets which issued from it governed France from 19 February 1871 to 31 December 1875.
Bruce A. Carbonari
Bruce A. Carbonari is an American corporate businessman. He was born in 1956 and hold a BA (Finance and Accounting) from Boston College, and a Master's in Management Science from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute. He lives in Chicago with his wife.

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (/rɛnsəˈlɪər/ ren-sə-LEER; RPI) is a private research university in Troy, New York, United States. It is the oldest technological university in the English-speaking world and the Western Hemisphere. It was established in 1824 by Stephen Van Rensselaer and Amos Eaton for the "application of science to the common purposes of life".

Built on a hillside, RPI's 265-acre (107 ha) campus overlooks the city of Troy and the Hudson River. The institute operates an on‑campus business incubator and the 1,250-acre (510 ha) Rensselaer Technology Park.

RPI is organized into six main schools which contain 37 departments, with emphasis on science and technology. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities: Very High Research Activity".
Cyclooxygenase-3
Cyclooxygenase-3 (COX-3) is an enzyme that is encoded by the PTGS1 (COX1) gene, but is not functional in humans. COX-3 is the third and most recently discovered cyclooxygenase (COX3050) isozyme, while the first two to be discovered were COX-1 and COX-2. The COX-3 isozyme is encoded by the same gene as COX-1, with the difference that COX-3 retains an intron that is not retained in COX-1.

The other two cyclooxygenase isozymes are known to convert dihomo-γ-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid into prostaglandins, and are the targets of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).

Arachidonic acid
Arachidonic acid (AA, sometimes ARA) is a polyunsaturated omega−6 fatty acid 20:4(ω−6), or 20:4(5,8,11,14). It is a precursor in the formation of leukotrienes, prostaglandins, and thromboxanes.

Together with omega−3 fatty acids and other omega−6 fatty acids, arachidonic acid provides energy for body functions, contributes to cell membrane structure, and participates in the synthesis of eicosanoids, which have numerous roles in physiology as signaling molecules.

It was named after the similarly structured Arachidic acid, a constituent of peanut oil whose name in turn derives from the ancient Greek neologism arachis 'peanut'. Peanut oil does not contain any arachidonic acid, itself. Arachidonate is the name of the derived carboxylate anion (conjugate base of the acid), salts, and some esters.
Bernard-Hoover Boathouse
The Bernard-Hoover Boathouse was built in 1915 on the shore of Lake Mendota on the isthmus in Madison, Wisconsin.
Today it sits in James Madison Park - the oldest standing boathouse on Lake Mendota, a remnant of an era when commercial boating thrived in the "city of the four lakes." In 1981 the boathouse was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Lake Mendota
Lake Mendota is a freshwater eutrophic lake that is the northernmost and largest of the four lakes in Madison, Wisconsin. The lake borders Madison on the north, east, and south, Middleton on the west, Shorewood Hills on the southwest, Maple Bluff on the northeast, and Westport on the northwest. The lake was historically known as Wąąkšikhomįkra (Where the Person Rests) by the Ho-Chunk people. Lake Mendota acquired its present name in 1849 following a proposal by a surveyor named Frank Hudson, who claimed to be familiar with local Native American languages; Lyman C. Draper, the first corresponding secretary of the Wisconsin Historical Society, proposed that 'Mendota' could have been a Chippewa word meaning 'large' or 'great.'
Huang Jue
Huang Jue (Chinese: 黄觉, born 7 August 1974) is a Chinese actor. He gained fame for his roles in Baobei in Love (2004), Falling Flowers (2012), and Fallen City (2013). In 2018, Jue had also starred in the films Long Day's Journey into Night, which was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2018 Cannes Film Festival.

Un Certain Regard
Un Certain Regard (French: [œ̃ sɛʁtɛ̃ ʁəɡaʁ]; 'A Certain Glance') is a section of the Cannes Film Festival's official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme d'Or. This section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob.

The section presents 20 films with unusual styles and non-traditional stories seeking international recognition.

Since 1998, the section has awarded the Un Certain Regard Prize to one film in the lineup, recognising emerging talent and innovative work. At the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, Killer by Darezhan Omirbaev was named the inaugural winner, while The Mysterious Gaze of the Flamingo by Diego Céspedes is the most recent winner (2025).
Musashi's
The Musashi's are a musical group in Japan, consisting of five cats owned by musician/songwriter Hideo Saitō. The group is affiliated with Stardust Promotion; the contract with Stardust stated that each cat will be given one skipjack tuna approximately valued at 7000 Japanese yen (US$90.00) per song.

Skipjack tuna
The skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) is a perciform fish in the tuna family, Scombridae, and is the only member of the genus Katsuwonus. It is also known as cakalang, katsuo, arctic bonito, mushmouth, oceanic bonito, striped tuna or victor fish. It grows up to 1.1 m (3 ft 7 in) in length. It is a cosmopolitan pelagic fish found in tropical and warm-temperate waters. It is a very important species for fisheries.
Psychrometric constant
The psychrometric constant  relates the partial pressure of water in air to the air temperature.  This lets one interpolate actual vapor pressure from paired dry and wet thermometer bulb temperature  readings.

psychrometric constant [kPa °C−1],

P = atmospheric pressure [kPa],

latent heat of water vaporization, 2.45 [MJ kg−1],

specific heat of air at constant pressure, [MJ kg−1 °C−1],

ratio molecular weight of water vapor/dry air = 0.622.

Both  and  are constants.
Since atmospheric pressure, P,  depends upon altitude, so does .
At higher altitude water evaporates and boils at lower temperature.

Although  is constant, varied air composition results in varied .

Thus on average, at a given location or altitude, the psychrometric constant is approximately constant.  Still, it is worth remembering that weather impacts both atmospheric pressure and composition.

Thermometer
A thermometer is a device that measures temperature (the hotness or coldness of an object) or temperature gradient (the rates of change of temperature in space). A thermometer has two important elements: (1) a temperature sensor (e.g. the bulb of a mercury-in-glass thermometer or the pyrometric sensor in an infrared thermometer) in which some change occurs with a change in temperature; and (2) some means of converting this change into a numerical value (e.g. the visible scale that is marked on a mercury-in-glass thermometer or the digital readout on an infrared model). Thermometers are widely used in technology and industry to monitor processes, in meteorology, in medicine (medical thermometer), and in scientific research.
Stupino, Stupinsky District, Moscow Oblast
Stupino (Russian: Сту́пино) is a town and the administrative center of Stupinsky District in Moscow Oblast, Russia, located on the Oka River, 99 kilometers (62 mi) south of Moscow. Population:  66,816 (2010 census); 63,124 (2002 census); 74,476 (1989 Soviet census).

Oka (river)
The Oka (UK: /ˈɒkə/, US: /ˈoʊkə/; Russian: Ока IPA: [ɐˈka]) is a river in central Russia, the largest right tributary of the Volga. It flows through the regions of Oryol, Tula, Kaluga, Moscow, Ryazan, Vladimir and Nizhny Novgorod and is navigable over a large part of its total length, as far upstream as the town of Kaluga. Its length is 1,500 km (930 mi) and its catchment area 245,000 km2 (95,000 sq mi). The Russian capital Moscow sits on one of the Oka's tributaries—the Moskva, from which the capital's name is thought to be derived.
Upper Saxon German
Upper Saxon (German: Obersächsisch, standard pronunciation: [ˈoːbɐˌzɛksɪʃ], Upper Saxon pronunciation: [ɵːb̥oˤˈsɛɡ̊sʃ]) is an East Central German dialect spoken in much of the modern German state of Saxony and in adjacent parts of southeastern Saxony-Anhalt and eastern Thuringia. As of the early 21st century, it is mostly extinct and a new regiolect (also known as obersächsische Umgangssprache) has emerged instead. Though colloquially called "Saxon" (Sächsisch), it is not to be confused with the Low Saxon dialect group in Northern Germany. Upper Saxon is closely linked to the Thuringian dialect spoken in the adjacent areas to the west.

Standard German has been heavily based on Upper Saxon, especially in its lexicon and grammar. This is due to it being used as the basis for early developments in the standardization of German during the early 1500s, including the translation of the Bible by Martin Luther.

Northern Germany
Northern Germany (German: Norddeutschland, [ˈnɔʁtdɔɪ̯tʃlant] ⓘ) is a linguistic, geographic, socio-cultural and historic region in the northern part of Germany which includes the coastal states of Schleswig-Holstein, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Lower Saxony and the two city-states Hamburg and Bremen. It contrasts with Southern Germany, Western Germany, and Eastern Germany.
Tiny, Ontario
Tiny, also known as Tiny Township, is a township in Simcoe County, south-central Ontario, Canada.  The Township of Tiny  is in the southern Georgian Bay region and is approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) long or 410 square kilometres (160 sq mi).

Township (Canada)
The term township, in Canada, is generally a district or area associated with a town or other locality. The specific use of the term to describe political subdivisions has varied across the country, usually to describe a local rural or semirural government.

In Eastern Canada, a township is one form of the subdivision of a county. In Quebec, the term is canton in French.
Big Brain Academy: Brain vs. Brain
Big Brain Academy: Brain vs. Brain is a 2021 party, puzzle, and edutainment video game developed by Nintendo EPD and published by Nintendo. The game released on December 3, 2021 for the Nintendo Switch. It is the third entry in the Big Brain Academy series, following the release of Big Brain Academy (2005) and Big Brain Academy: Wii Degree (2007) over a decade later. In Brain vs. Brain, the player creates an avatar, using them to solve a series of brain teasers in single-player or multiplayer modes. The director, Kenta Kubo, wanted it to be fun and enjoyable for his own family, adjusting the difficulty levels in classes to make it suitable for all ages.

Big Brain Academy: Brain vs. Brain received mixed reviews from critics. It was praised for its presentation, multiplayer, and educational value, with criticism for its limited gameplay offerings as a party game. It has sold over 1.94 million copies by December 2022, making it one of the best-selling games on the Nintendo Switch.

Educational entertainment
Educational entertainment, also referred to by the portmanteau edutainment, is media designed to educate through entertainment. The term has been used as early as 1933. Most often it includes content intended to teach but has incidental entertainment value. It has been used by academia, corporations, governments, and other entities in various countries to disseminate information in classrooms and/or via television, radio, and other media to influence viewers' opinions and behaviors.
Ágnes Heller
Ágnes Heller (12 May 1929 – 19 July 2019) was a Hungarian philosopher and lecturer. She was a core member of the Budapest School philosophical forum in the 1960s and later taught political theory for 25 years at the New School for Social Research in New York City. She lived, wrote and lectured in Budapest.

Wallenberg Medal
The Wallenberg Medal of the University of Michigan is awarded to outstanding humanitarians whose actions on behalf of the defenseless and oppressed reflect the heroic commitment and sacrifice of Raoul Wallenberg, the Swedish diplomat who rescued tens of thousands of Jews in Budapest during the closing months of World War II.