hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
UP Rudras
UP Rudras was a professional field hockey franchise team based in Lucknow that competed in Hockey India League. It was owned by the JK Group. Dutch coach Paul van Ass was the head coach, Thomas Tichelman was the team's assistant coach.

J. K. Organisation
The J. K. Organisation is the common name for a group of Indian industrial companies, which were formerly part of a single conglomerate founded in 1918. The original organisation has since been divided into three main business groups run by different branches of the Singhania family, which rose to prominence in Kanpur, India, under Lala Kamlapat Singhania. The name JK is derived from the initials of Kamlapat and his father Seth Juggilal (1857–1922), who belonged to the family associated with the Marwari firm Sevaram Ramrikhdas of Mirzapur. The JK Group was founded in 1918.
Diocese of Krk
The Diocese of Krk (Croatian: Krčka biskupija; Latin: Dioecesis Veglensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or diocese of the Catholic Church active on the Croatian islands of Krk, Rab, Cres and Lošinj, as well as a few smaller ones and also a mission serving the Croatian people of New York: Blessed Ivan Merz in Astoria NY under the Brooklyn Diocese. The diocese is centred in the town of Krk. It was first erected in 900.

Under Bishop Antun Mahnić (1896–1920), the Altslawi academy was established in 1902, and existed until 1927.

Currently, Bishop Ivica Petanjak is head of the diocese. The diocese's patron is Saint Quirinus of Sescia (locally called Sveti Kvirin).

Lošinj
Lošinj (pronounced [lɔ̌ʃiːɲ]; Italian: Lussino; Venetian: Lusin, earlier Osero; German: Lötzing; Latin: Apsorrus; Ancient Greek: Ἄψωρος) is a Croatian island in the northern Adriatic Sea, in the Kvarner Gulf.  It is almost due south of the city of Rijeka and part of the Primorje-Gorski Kotar County. The settlements on Lošinj include Nerezine, Sveti Jakov, Ćunski, Artatore, Mali Lošinj and Veli Lošinj. A regional road runs the length of the island; ferry connections (via the island of Cres) include Brestova - Porozina, Merag - Valbiska, Mali Lošinj - Zadar and Mali Lošinj - Pula. Lošinj Airport is on the island.
Thomas Clydesdale
Thomas Clydesdale, JP (1934, Edinburgh, Scotland – 2007) was a former member of the Legislative Council of Hong Kong.

Clydesdale was born and brought up in Edinburgh, Scotland. He attended George Heriot's School and the University of Edinburgh. He became a certificated public accountant and member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland. He was also a fellow of the Hong Kong Society of Accountants and the president of the Society in 1982. Clydesdale was an accountant with Lowe Bingham & Matthews (now PricewaterhouseCoopers) from 1959 until he retired as senior partner in 1989.

He was the president of the Hong Kong General Chamber of Commerce between 1986 and 1987 and Chamber's representative in the Legislative Council through the Commercial (First) functional constituency.

George Heriot's School
George Heriot's School is a private primary and secondary day school on Lauriston Place in the Lauriston area of Edinburgh, Scotland. In the early 21st century, it has more than 1600 pupils, 155 teaching staff, and 80 non-teaching staff. It was established in 1628 as George Heriot's Hospital, by bequest of the royal goldsmith George Heriot, and opened in 1659. It is governed by George Heriot's Trust, a Scottish charity.
Diwan Dina Nath
Diwan Dina Nath (1795—1857) was an official of the durbar of the Sikh Empire who served as the privy seal and finance minister in the court of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. He was conferred the title of Raja in 1847, eight years after the death of Ranjit Singh. Following the British victory in the First Sikh War, Dina Nath was made a member of the Council of Regency under the authority of the Governor-General of the East India Company. The British conferred the title of 'Raja' on him, hoping to make him an ally. He was one of six signatories to the 1849 Treaty of Lahore, which agreed to the surrender of "The Gem called the Koh-i-noor" by the Maharaja of Lahore, the ten-year-old Dalip Singh, to the Queen of England. The signatories, on behalf of the minor Dalip Singh, endorsed the treaty in return for being permitted to retain their jagirs.

Raja
Raja (/ˈrɑːdʒɑː/; from IAST rājan-) is a noble or royal Sanskrit title historically used by some Indian rulers and monarchs and highest-ranking nobles. The title was historically used in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia.

The title has a long history in South Asia and Southeast Asia, being attested from the Rigveda, where a rājan- is a ruler, see for example the daśarājñá yuddhá, the "Battle of Ten Kings".

The title has equivalent cognates in other Indo-European languages, notably the Latin Rex and the Celtic Rix.

The Maratha title "Rao" (or "Rao") functions as both a given name and an honorific title, derived from words like the Sanskrit "Rājā" meaning "king," is a associated with the Kshatriya varna and can be considered a Kshatriya title.
Peter Sanz
Peter Sanz (22 September 1680 – 26 May 1747) (Catalan: Pere Sans i Jordá, Spanish: Pedro Sans i Jordá) was a Catalan Dominican friar who was sent as a missionary bishop to China. He was declared a martyr and canonized by the Catholic Church.

Friar
A friar is a member of one of the mendicant orders in the Catholic Church. There are also friars outside of the Catholic Church, such as within the Evangelical-Lutheran Churches and Anglican Communion. The term, first used in the 12th or 13th century, distinguishes the mendicants' itinerant apostolic character, exercised broadly under the jurisdiction of a superior general, from the older monastic orders' allegiance to a single monastery formalized by their vow of stability. A friar may be in holy orders or be a non-ordained brother. The most significant orders of friars are the Dominicans, Franciscans, Augustinians, and Carmelites.
1990 European Super Cup
The 1990 European Super Cup was played between 1989–90 European Cup winners Milan and 1989–90 European Cup Winners' Cup winners Sampdoria, with Milan winning 3–1 on aggregate.

Milan chose to play their home leg away from their home city due to the poor condition of the turf at the San Siro Stadium, which had hosted several matches at the recent 1990 FIFA World Cup.

1989–90 European Cup
The 1989–90 European Cup was the 35th edition of Europe's premier club football tournament, the European Cup. The final was played at the Praterstadion in Vienna on 23 May 1990. The final was contested by Italian defending champions Milan and Portuguese twice former winners Benfica. Milan successfully defended their title with a 1–0 victory, securing their fourth European Cup trophy. Milan remained the last team to successfully defend their trophy until Real Madrid did it again in 2017. Arsenal were denied a place in the competition, as this was the last year of a ban from European competitions for English clubs following the Heysel Stadium disaster of 1985.
Matt Sherratt
Matt Sherratt is an English professional rugby union coach. He is currently the head coach of Cardiff Rugby who play in the United Rugby Championship competition.

He had previously been backs coach at the Ospreys and Cardiff Blues. During the 2019–20 Pro14 he took over from Allen Clarke as head coach of the Ospreys on an interim basis alongside Carl Hogg. Previously he had worked in England at Worcester Warriors and Bristol Bears, while he also worked for the Rugby Football Union.

Bristol Bears
Bristol Bears (officially Bristol Rugby Club or Bristol Rugby) are a professional men's rugby union club based in Bristol, England.  They play in the Gallagher PREM, England's top division of rugby.

The club was founded as "Bristol Football Club" in 1888; between 1921 and 2014, home matches were played at the Memorial Ground, and have since been played at Ashton Gate Stadium in the south-west of the city.  The current head coach Pat Lam was appointed in 2017.  In the 2024–25 season Bristol finished 4th, losing in the play off semi-finals, entitling them to compete in the 2025-26 European Rugby Champions Cup.

In 2018, the club rebranded as "Bristol Bears"; between 2001 and 2005 the club were known as "Bristol Shoguns" due to a sponsorship deal with Mitsubishi.

Bristol won the 1983 John Player Cup and have also won England's second division four times, most recently in 2017–18. In 2019–2020, Bristol won The European Challenge Cup for the first time.
Inverlink case
The Inverlink case was a business and political bribery scandal in Chile in the early 2000s related to the private financial group Inverlink. It resulted in the sacking of the secretary and resignation of the chairman of the Central Bank of Chile and discovery of bribery by Inverlink of Chilian government departments that resulted in significant losses to the Chilian government and led to the failure of Interlink.

Central Bank of Chile
The Central Bank of Chile (Spanish: Banco Central de Chile) is the central bank of Chile. It was established in 1925 and is incorporated into the current Chilean Constitution as an autonomous institution of constitutional rank. Its monetary policy is currently guided by an inflation targeting regime.
Jessica Dempsey (ecologist)
Jessica Dempsey is a Canadian political ecologist and a professor of geography at the University of British Columbia (UBC). Her research focuses on political explanations for the global failure to halt ecological problems including biodiversity loss, climate change, and climate-related social problems.

Political ecology
Political ecology is the study of the relationships between political, economic and social factors with environmental issues and changes. Political ecology differs from apolitical ecological studies by politicizing environmental issues and phenomena.

The academic discipline offers wide-ranging studies integrating ecological social sciences with political economy in topics such as degradation and marginalization, environmental conflict, conservation and control, and environmental identities and social movements.
Amphigeneia
37°14′43″N 21°44′51″E﻿ / ﻿37.2453°N 21.7474°E﻿ / 37.2453; 21.7474
Amphigeneia (Ancient Greek: Ἀμφιγένεια) was a city in ancient Greece, which is mentioned by Homer in the Catalogue of Ships in the Iliad. It was located in either Messenia or in Triphylia, in ancient Elis. According to Strabo it was situated at the river Hypsoeis, in a region called Macistia, and there was a sanctuary of Leto in the city. According to Homer, it belonged to Nestor of Pylos. Pausanias visited the area but does not mention the city, which might indicate that it had been abandoned before the 2nd century. The ancient Eleians believed that Apollo was born here.

The location of the ancient city is tentatively located near modern Mouriatada.

Catalogue of Ships
The Catalogue of Ships (Ancient Greek: νεῶν κατάλογος, neōn katálogos) is an epic catalogue in Book 2 of Homer's Iliad (2.494–759), which lists the contingents of the Achaean army that sailed to Troy. The catalogue gives the names of the leaders of each contingent, lists the settlements in the kingdom represented by the contingent, sometimes with a descriptive epithet that fills out a half-verse or articulates the flow of names and parentage and place, and gives the number of ships required to transport the men to Troy, offering further differentiations of weightiness. A similar, though shorter, Catalogue of the Trojans and their allies follows (2.816–877). A similar catalogue appears in the Pseudo-Apollodoran Bibliotheca.
Battle of Mutina (193 BC)
The Battle of Mutina was fought in 193 BC, near Mutina, between the Roman Republic and the Boii. The Roman army won the battle. The battle marked the total defeat of the Boian Gauls, but since consul Lucius Cornelius Merula's victory cost the Romans dear, and his officers accused him of negligence on his march to Mutina, the Senate refused him a triumph on his return to Rome. The Battle of Mutina is described by the Roman historian Livy at 35.4-6.

Roman army
The Roman Army (Latin: Exercitus Romanus) served ancient Rome and the Roman people enduring through the Roman Kingdom (753–509 BC), the Roman Republic (509–27 BC), and the Roman Empire (27 BC – AD 476/1453), including the Western Roman Empire (collapsed AD 476/480) and the Eastern Roman Empire (collapsed AD 1453). It is thus a term that broadly spans approximately 2,206 years, during which the force underwent numerous permutations in size, composition, organization, equipment and tactics, while conserving a core of lasting traditions.
Kim Tae-hoon (actor)
Kim Tae-hoon (born May 26, 1975) is a South Korean actor. Kim graduated from Hanyang University, then began his acting career with the Hanyang Repertory Theatre in 1997. Onscreen, he has played leading roles in indie films such as Way to Go, Rose (2006), The Pit and the Pendulum (2009) and When Winter Screams (2013). Kim also stars in mainstream films and television dramas such as The Man from Nowhere (2010), You're So Pretty (2011), The Innocent Man (2012), An Ethics Lesson (2013), and Pure Love (2013).

His older brother Kim Tae-woo is also an actor.

The Man from Nowhere (2010 film)
The Man from Nowhere (Korean: 아저씨; RR: Ajeossi; lit. Mister) is a 2010 South Korean neo-noir action-thriller film starring Won Bin and written and directed by Lee Jeong-beom. In the film, a mysterious man embarks on a bloody rampage when his young neighbor is kidnapped.

The Man from Nowhere was the highest-grossing film in South Korea in 2010. It was released in the United States and Canada on October 1, 2010. The film also marked Won's final appearance as an actor to date.
Our Fair City
"Our Fair City" is a fantasy short story by Robert A. Heinlein, originally printed in Weird Tales, January 1949. The story involves an old parking lot attendant, his pet whirlwind (named Kitten), and a muckraking newspaper columnist who decide to "clean up" their city's corrupt government by running the whirlwind for political office.

Columnist
A columnist is a person who writes for publication in a series, creating an article that usually offers commentary and opinions. Columns appear in newspapers, magazines and other publications, including blogs. They take the form of a short essay by a specific writer who offers a personal point of view. Columns are sometimes written by a composite or a team, appearing under a pseudonym, or (in effect) a brand name. Columnists typically write daily or weekly columns. Some columns are later collected and reprinted in book form.
Ijuí
Ijuí (Portuguese pronunciation: [iʒu'i]) is a Brazilian municipality of Rio Grande do Sul, situated 395 kilometres (245 mi) from the state capital, Porto Alegre. In 2020 its population was 83,764, making it the third most populous city of the Missões region, behind Passo Fundo and Erechim.

Missões
Missões, Brazil is a region of Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil roughly occupying the same area previously dominated by the colonial missions founded by Saint Roque González.

The Missões region is located in the northwestern part of the state and is part of a larger missions' settlement system, extending into Argentina, and other neighboring countries. Which in turn were part of a larger project, the Spanish missions in South America.
Mr. Bharath
Mr. Bharath (/ˈbɑːˌrəθ/) is a 1986 Indian Tamil-language masala film directed by S. P. Muthuraman. The film stars Rajinikanth, Sathyaraj, and Ambika. A remake of the 1978 Hindi film Trishul, it revolves around a son's revenge against his father for cheating on his mother. The film was released on 10 January 1986 and was a box office success.

Ambika (actress)
Ambika is an Indian actress known for her work predominantly across the entire southern film industry and in several tele serials. She has also acted in an English film (Indian-American), to date. She was one of the top South Indian heroines for more than a decade from 1976 to 1989. Her younger sister Radha was also an actress. They acted together in a number of South Indian films during the peak of their career. The sisters runs a movie studio called 'ARS Studios', which they converted into a hotel complex in 2013.
Philander (given name)
Philander is a given name. Notable people with this given name include:

Philander Chase (1775–1852), Episcopal Church bishop, educator, founder of Kenyon College, and pioneer of the United States western frontier

Philander Claxton (1862–1957), American journalist

Philander P. Humphrey (1823–1862), American physician and politician.

Philander Chase Johnson (1866–1939), American journalist

Philander C. Knox (1853–1921), American lawyer and politician

Philander Prescott (1801–1862), American translator

Philander Smith (1809–1882), American philanthropist and eponym of Philander Smith College

Philander Stephens (1788–1861), Jacksonian member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania

Philander Stephens
Philander Stephens (1788 – July 8, 1842) was a Jacksonian member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania.

Philander Stephens was born near Montrose, Pennsylvania.  He served as coroner in 1815, county commissioner in 1818 and sheriff in 1821.  He was a member of the Pennsylvania House of Representatives in 1824 and 1825.

Stephens was elected as a Jacksonian to the Twenty-first and Twenty-second Congresses.  He served as chairman of the United States House Committee on Expenditures in the Department of the Treasury during the Twenty-second Congress.  He was not a candidate for renomination in 1832.  He resumed agricultural and mercantile pursuits and died probably in Springville Township, Pennsylvania.  Interment in Stephens Burying Ground in Dimock Township, Pennsylvania.
Robert of Uzès
Robert of Uzès or Robert d'Uzès was a medieval Dominican friar and author. A contemporary of Dante and Eckhart, in 1292 he wrote a Livre des Paroles, in which a dream is used as a political prophecy and to satirize the rich and powerful, particularly Pope Boniface VIII. It predicts great calamities and comes from the same milieu and perspective as Joachim of Fiore and the "spirituels".

Joachim of Fiore
Joachim of Fiore, also known as Joachim of Flora (Italian: Gioacchino da Fiore; Latin: Ioachim Florensis; c. 1135 – 30 March 1202), was an Italian Christian theologian, a Catholic abbot, and the founder of the monastic order of San Giovanni in Fiore. According to theologian Bernard McGinn, "Joachim of Fiore is the most important apocalyptic thinker of the whole medieval period." The Divine Comedy of Dante Alighieri is one of the most famous works possibly inspired by his ideas.
Later followers, inspired by his works in Christian eschatology and historicist theories, are called Joachimites.
Ingwenyama Cup
The Ingwenyama Cup  is soccer tournament in Eswatini. The winner qualifies for the following season's CAF Confederation Cup. As of 2025, sponsorship is E5 million annually, making it the country's richest club tournament. As of 2023–24, the top goalscorer earns E10 000

The cup is intended to celebrate the cultural heritage of Eswatini as well as showcase local football talent.

It was founded in 2019, but was not held from 2021 to 2023 due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Eswatini and its after-effects.

COVID-19 pandemic in Eswatini
The COVID-19 pandemic in Eswatini was a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have reached Eswatini in March 2020.
RedTube
RedTube is a pornographic video-sharing site, which in September 2009 held an Alexa ranking within the world's top 100 sites. It is one of several pornographic websites owned by Aylo. In June 2010 it had fallen out of the top 100, but it made a return in mid-2012. As of mid September 2020 its Alexa ranking was 520. Its popularity has been ascribed to its non-sexual name, which is a reference to the non-pornographic video sharing website YouTube. The website is based in Houston, Texas, and has servers in San Francisco, New Orleans and Montreal.

Alexa Internet
Alexa Internet, Inc. was an American web traffic analysis company based in San Francisco, California. It was founded as an independent company by Brewster Kahle and Bruce Gilliat in 1996. Alexa provided web traffic data, global rankings, and other information on over 30 million websites. It was acquired by Amazon in 1999 for $250 million in stock. Amazon discontinued the Alexa Internet service on May 1, 2022.

Alexa estimated website traffic based on a sample of millions of Internet users using browser extensions as well as from sites that had chosen to install an Alexa script. As of 2020, its website was visited by over 400 million people every month.
John Kemble (martyr)
John Kemble (c. 1599 – 22 August 1679) was an English Catholic priest killed by the crown due to his ministry. He was canonized in 1970 by Pope Paul VI as one of the Forty Martyrs of England and Wales.

Douai
Douai (UK: /ˈduːeɪ/ DOO-ay, US: /duˈeɪ/ doo-AY, French: [dwɛ] ⓘ; Picard: Doï; Dutch: Dowaai; formerly spelled Douay or Doway in English) is a city in the Nord département in northern France. It is a sub-prefecture of the department. Located on the river Scarpe some 40 kilometres (25 miles) from Lille and 25 km (16 mi) from Arras, Douai is home to one of the region's most impressive belfries.
Dancin' to the Hits
Dancin' to the Hits is a nationally syndicated TV show in the United States hosted by Lorenzo Lamas during the 1986–1987 season. Professional dancers performed to a medley of Top 40 hits, and live acts performed. Some of the acts that performed were Howard Hewett, The S.O.S. Band, Samantha Fox, and Stacy Lattisaw. Dancin’ to the Hits is the Solid Gold knockoff.

Howard Hewett
Howard Hewett Jr. (born October 1, 1955) is an American singer–songwriter. Hewett rose to fame as the lead vocalist of the group Shalamar. In 1985, he left the group to pursue his solo career, but he later returned to the group in 2001. He signed with Elektra Records. In 1986, he released his debut solo album I Commit to Love. Hewett and his group Shalamar contributed material to the Beverly Hills Cop soundtrack. The soundtrack won a Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media in 1986.
Cephonodes trochilus
Cephonodes trochilus is a moth of the family Sphingidae. It is often found in Mauritius.

The wingspan is 38–41 mm. It is very similar to Cephonodes tamsi, but distinguishable by the brownish rather than reddish upperside of the abdomen. The upperside of the head, thorax and wing bases are unicolorous green. The abdomen is uniformly brownish. The underside of the thorax and abdomen are uniform orange-yellow, the anal tuft yellow and the tip orange-brown, laterally partly black.

The larvae feed on Rubia and Galium species.

Rubia
Rubia is the type  genus of the Rubiaceae family of flowering plants, which also contains Coffea (coffee). It contains around 80 species of perennial scrambling or climbing herbs and subshrubs native to the Old World.

The genus and its best-known species are commonly known as madder, e.g. Rubia tinctorum (common madder), Rubia peregrina (wild madder), and Rubia cordifolia (Indian madder).
Diego Archuleta
Brigadier General Diego Archuleta (March 27, 1814 – 1884), was a member of the Mexican Congress. He joined the Mexican Army to fight against the United States in the Mexican–American War. Later, he was appointed an Indian (Native Americans) Agent by President Abraham Lincoln, and joined the Union Army (US Army) during the American Civil War. Archuleta became the first Hispanic to reach the military rank of Brigadier General.

Battle of Cañada
The Battle of Cañada was a popular insurrection against the American occupation of New Mexico by Mexicans and Pueblo Indians. It took place on January 24, 1847, during the Taos Revolt, a conflict of the Mexican–American War.