hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Whitney embedding theorem
In mathematics, particularly in differential topology, there are two Whitney embedding theorems, named after Hassler Whitney:

The strong Whitney embedding theorem states that any smooth real m-dimensional manifold (required also to be Hausdorff and second-countable) can be smoothly embedded in the real 2m-space, ⁠⁠ if m > 0. This is the best linear bound on the smallest-dimensional Euclidean space that all m-dimensional manifolds embed in, as the real projective spaces of dimension m cannot be embedded into real (2m − 1)-space if m is a power of two (as can be seen from a characteristic class argument, also due to Whitney).

The weak Whitney embedding theorem states that any continuous function from an n-dimensional manifold to an m-dimensional manifold may be approximated by a smooth embedding provided m > 2n.  Whitney similarly proved that such a map could be approximated by an immersion provided m > 2n − 1. This last result is sometimes called the Whitney immersion theorem.

Power of two
A power of two is a number of the form 2n where n is an integer, that is, the result of exponentiation with number two as the base and integer n as the exponent. In the fast-growing hierarchy, 2n is exactly equal to . In the Hardy hierarchy, 2n is exactly equal to .

Powers of two with non-negative exponents are integers: 20 = 1, 21 = 2, and 2n is two multiplied by itself n times. The first ten powers of 2 for non-negative values of n are:

1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, ... (sequence A000079 in the OEIS)

By comparison, powers of two with negative exponents are fractions: for positive integer n, 2−n is one half multiplied by itself n times. Thus the first few negative powers of 2 are ⁠1/2⁠, ⁠1/4⁠, ⁠1/8⁠, ⁠1/16⁠, etc. Sometimes these are called inverse powers of two because each is the multiplicative inverse of a positive power of two.
Gymnastics at the 2019 Pan American Games – Women's artistic individual all-around
The women's artistic individual all-around gymnastic event at the 2019 Pan American Games was held on July 29 at the Polideportivo Villa el Salvador in Lima, Peru. Ellie Black of Canada successfully defended her title from the 2015 Pan American Games.

2019 Pan American Games
The 2019 Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos de 2019), officially the XVIII Pan American Games (Spanish: XVIII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Lima 2019, were a multi-sport event governed by the Panam Sports Organization held in Lima, Peru from July 26 to August 11, 2019, with preliminary rounds in certain events having begun on July 24, 2019. These were the first Pan American Games to be held in Peru, and the seventh to be held in South America.

The opening ceremony took place on July 26 at the National Stadium of Peru, and the Games were declared open by former Peruvian President Martín Vizcarra. These Pan American Games were held at venues in and around Lima, and are the largest sporting event ever hosted by the country.
Bilchiragh District
Bilchiragh (also transliterated as Belcherãgh) (Dari: بلچراغ) is a district in the southern part of Faryab province, Afghanistan. The main town, Belcheragh, is situated in the northwest of the district at 35°50′19″N 65°13′51″E﻿ / ﻿35.8386°N 65.2308°E﻿ / 35.8386; 65.2308, 1263 m altitude.

Faryab Province
Faryab (Pashto, Dari: فاریاب) is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan, which is located in the north of the country bordering neighboring Turkmenistan. It has a population of about 1,109,223, which is multi-ethnic and mostly a tribal society. The province encompasses 15 districts and over 1,000 villages. The capital of Faryab province is Maymana. It also borders Jowzjan Province, Sar-e Pol Province, Ghor Province and Badghis Province.
Blatec
Blatec is a municipality and village in Olomouc District in the Olomouc Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 700 inhabitants.

Blatec lies approximately 8 kilometres (5 mi) south of Olomouc and 212 km (132 mi) east of Prague.

Olomouc Region
Olomouc Region (Czech: Olomoucký kraj; German: Olmützer Region, pronounced [ˈɔlmʏt͡sɐ ʁeˈɡi̯oːn]; Polish: Kraj ołomuniecki) is an administrative unit (Czech: kraj) of the Czech Republic, located in the north-western and central part of its historical region of Moravia (Morava) and in a small part of the historical region of Czech Silesia (České Slezsko). It is named for its capital Olomouc.

Olomouc region borders with the Moravian-Silesian Region (in the east), Zlín Region (in the south-east), South Moravian Region (in the south-west) and Pardubice Region (in the west). Furthermore, the region shares a 104 km long border with Poland (in the north).
Gilmanton Ironworks, New Hampshire
Gilmanton Ironworks (alternately Gilmanton Iron Works) is an unincorporated community in the town of Gilmanton in Belknap County, New Hampshire, United States. It is located near the eastern boundary of the town, along a stretch of the Suncook River south of the outlet of Crystal Lake. New Hampshire Route 140 runs through the village, leading east to Alton and west to the center of Gilmanton and then Belmont.

The Gilmanton Ironworks ZIP code (03837) serves the eastern portion of the town of Gilmanton.

Belmont, New Hampshire
Belmont is a town in Belknap County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 7,314 at the 2020 census.

The primary settlement in town, where 1,285 people resided at the 2020 census, is defined by the U.S. Census Bureau as the Belmont census-designated place (CDP) and includes the densely populated portion of the town near the intersection of New Hampshire routes 106 and 140.
Bulgaria at the 2019 European Games
Bulgaria competed in the 2019 European Games, in Minsk, Belarus from 21 to 30 June 2019. Bulgaria had previously competed at the 2015 European Games in Baku, Azerbaijan, where it won 10 medals, including one golds.

2019 European Games
The 2nd European Games 2019 (Belarusian: II Еўрапейскія гульні, Jeŭrapiejskija huĺni 2019; Russian: II Европейские игры, Yevropeyskiye igry 2019), also known as the 2019 European Games or Minsk 2019 (Belarusian: Мінск 2019; Russian: Минск 2019), were held in Minsk, Belarus, from 21 June to 30 June 2019. The games featured 200 events in 15 sports (23 disciplines). Around 4,000 athletes from 50 countries participated. Ten of the sports offered qualification opportunities for the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan. The opening ceremony at the Dinamo Stadium was held on 21 June, and the closing ceremony at the same venue was held on 30 June.

The logo of the games was "paparać-kvietka"—a plant that plays an important role in the culture of the Slavs. The slogan of the event is "Bright Year, Bright You", which also makes reference to the national domain of the Republic of Belarus and the official international shortening—BY.
Warrego Valles
The Warrego Valles are a set of channels in an ancient river valley in the Thaumasia quadrangle of Mars, located at 42.2° south latitude and 93° west longitude. They are 188 km long and were named after a river in Australia.

Mariner 9 and Viking Orbiter images showed a network of branching valleys in Thaumasia called the Warrego Valles. These networks are evidence that Mars may have once been warmer, wetter, and perhaps had precipitation in the form of rain or snow.  At first glance they resemble river valleys on Earth.  But sharper images from more advanced cameras reveal that the valleys are not continuous.    They are very old and may have been eroded.  A picture below shows some of these branching valleys.  A study with the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter, Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) and the Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) support the idea that the Warrego Valles were formed from precipitation.

Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter
The Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) was one of five instruments on the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) spacecraft, which operated in Mars orbit from September 1997 to November 2006. However, the MOLA instrument transmitted altimetry data only until June 2001. The MOLA instrument transmitted infrared laser pulses towards Mars at a rate of 10 times per second and measured the time of flight to determine the range (distance) of the MGS spacecraft to the Martian surface. The range measurements resulted in precise topographic maps of Mars. The precision maps are applicable to studies in geophysics, geology and atmospheric circulation. MOLA also functioned as a passive radiometer and measured the radiance of the surface of Mars at 1064 nanometers.
Immaculate Conception Parish, Springfield
Immaculate Conception Parish - designated for Polish immigrants in Springfield, Massachusetts, United States.

Founded 1905. It is one of the Polish-American Roman Catholic parishes in New England in the Diocese of Springfield in Massachusetts.

Citing insufficient parishioners the diocese had planned to close the parish in 2009. Following closure it would have merged with Christ the King Parish in Ludlow.  However, the local community opposed the move and became the only parish in Springfield proper to receive a temporary reprieve while efforts were made to reverse the decision.. Re-opened in 2018.

Polish-American Catholic parishes in New England
A number of Polish-American Catholic parishes were founded by Polish immigrants in New England, United States from 1887. There are 78 such parishes in 10 dioceses.

Fr Franciszek Chalupka was the founder of the first Polish-American parishes in New England.

Media related to Churches built by Polish immigrants in New England at Wikimedia Commons
Milmay, New Jersey
Milmay is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) located mostly within Buena Vista Township, in Atlantic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. Part of the CDP extends southwest into Maurice River Township in Cumberland County.

Milmay is located at the junction of County Routes 552 and 557 7.7 miles (12.4 km) southeast of Buena. Milmay has a post office with ZIP Code 08340.

County Route 552 (New Jersey)
County Route 552 (CR 552) is a county highway in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The highway extends 27.48 miles (44.22 km) from Laurel Street (Cumberland County Route 606) in Bridgeton to Harding Highway (U.S. Route 40) in Hamilton Township.
Serebryany Bor (park)
Serebryany Bor (Russian: Серебряный Бор, literally "Silver Pinewood") is a large forest park in north-west Moscow. The park is a natural monument of regional significance and a protected area of the city of Moscow. It poses an artificial island that was formed during the creation of the Khoroshevskoye spryamlenie canal ("Khoroshevsky cutoff" canal). Serebryany Bor covers an area of 328.6 hectares.

It is also a concentration of luxury real estate owned by wealthy businessmen and government officials.

Natural monument
A natural monument is a natural or cultural feature of outstanding or unique value because of its inherent rarity, representative of aesthetic qualities, or cultural significance. They can be natural geological and geographical features such as waterfalls, cliffs, craters, fossil, sand dunes, rock forms, valleys and coral reefs. Locations important to faith groups may be considered natural monuments. Archeological and historical sites linked to the natural environment are also included, such as cave art. This is especially true when relevant to the land of Indigenous Peoples.
Word...Life
Word...Life is the debut album from hip hop artist O.C. It was released on October 18, 1994 by Wild Pitch Records. It also helped establish his membership in the legendary hip hop crew D.I.T.C., which includes Lord Finesse, Showbiz and A.G., Diamond D, Fat Joe, Big L and Buckwild, who produced the majority of this album.

The album is most remembered because of the single "Time's Up". The instrumental to the track was used in the movie 8 Mile, starring rapper Eminem, in a rap battle scene. The song was a scathing accusation, pointed at thug-posturers who were flooding the hip hop scene at the time.

Lord Finesse
Robert A. Hall Jr. (born February 19, 1970), known by his stage name Lord Finesse, is an American rapper and hip-hop producer from The Bronx, New York, best known as the leader of the D.I.T.C. crew. About.com ranked him number 29 on its list of the Top-50 Hip-Hop Producers.
George Clarke (convict)
George "The Barber" Clarke (1806 – 11 August 1835) was an English convict who was transported to Australia, escaped and became a notable bushranger while living with Aboriginal Australians in the Liverpool Plains district of New South Wales. He is famous for giving an exaggerated account to the colonial authorities of an immense river that spanned the continent to the north-west. This story prompted Sir Thomas Mitchell to conduct his four expeditions of exploration into the interior of Australia. After being re-captured, Clarke was sent to the penal colony of Norfolk Island and was later hanged to death in Hobart Town in Van Diemen's Land.

Gamilaraay
The Gamilaroi, also known as Gomeroi, Kamilaroi, Kamillaroi, Gomilaroy and other variations, are an Aboriginal Australian people whose lands extend from New South Wales to southern Queensland. They form one of the four largest Indigenous nations in Australia.
Parish of Doonside
The parish of Doonside is an Australian  cadastral parish in  the NSW county of Narromine. It is located approximately midway between Tottenham and Narromine and is in Narromine Shire.

The parish should not be confused with the western Sydney suburb of Doonside.

Approx 32°14′54″S 147°53′04″E﻿ / ﻿32.24833°S 147.88444°E﻿ / -32.24833; 147.88444

Shire
Shire (/ʃaɪər/) is a traditional term for an administrative division of land in Great Britain and some other English-speaking countries. It is generally synonymous with county (such as Cheshire and Worcestershire). English counties are among the oldest extant national divisions in the world.

It was first used in Wessex from the beginning of Anglo-Saxon settlement, and spread to most of the rest of England in the 10th century. Today, 23 counties bear the "-shire" suffix in England, 23 in Scotland, and 10 in Wales.

In some rural parts of Australia, a shire is a local government area; however, in Australia, it is not synonymous with a "county", which is a lands administrative division.
CP Class 3100
The Série 3100 were a class of three-carriage electric multiple unit trains used by Portuguese Railways (CP) on the line between Cascais, Estoril and Cais do Sodre station in Lisbon, Portugal. The line is electrified at 1,500 V DC - unique in Portugal (where the railways are mostly electrified at 25 kV 50 Hz).

The units were built by Cravens of Sheffield in 1950, but extensively modernised along its history adding components such as: Multiple Train Operation, and removing the buffers that these units had originally. They were retired in the early 2000s, and a couple of them were preserved by the "Museo Nacional Ferroviario", but because of its deterioration, the public entity decided to scrap the two remaining units.

Cais do Sodré railway station
The Cais do Sodré Railway Station (European Portuguese: [ˈkajʒ ðu suˈðɾɛ]) is an intermodal railway station in the civil parish of Misericórdia, in the municipality of Lisbon, serving as the terminus of the suburban route to the resort town Cascais.
Martin Balasus
Martin Balasus (born 3 July 1986) is a German politician serving as a member of the Landtag of Schleswig-Holstein since 2022. He has served as chairman of the Christian Democratic Union in Pinneberg since 2024.

Pinneberg (district)
Pinneberg (German: [ˈpʰɪnəbɛɐ̯k] ⓘ) is a district in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. It is bounded by (from the northwest and clockwise) the districts of Steinburg and Segeberg, the city (and state) of Hamburg and the state of Lower Saxony (district Stade). The island of Heligoland is also part of the district.
Andrei Krukov
Andrey Kryukov (born January 7, 1971) is a former pair skater who competed internationally for both Kazakhstan and Azerbaijan. He competed through 1998 with Marina Khalturina for Kazakhstan. They placed 14th at the 1998 Winter Olympics. Following the dissolution of that partnership, he teamed up with Inga Rodionova to compete for Azerbaijan and was the 2000 Azerbaijan national champion. After retiring from competition, he began coaching in the United States. He was the coach of Luiz Manella and Isadora Williams. He currently coaches at Ashburn Ice House.

Luiz Manella
Luiz Fernando Manella Pereira (born February 1, 1995, in Londrina, Brazil) is a Brazilian former competitive figure skater. He competed in the free skate at three ISU Championships – 2012 Four Continents in Colorado Springs, Colorado, United States; 2012 Junior Worlds in Minsk, Belarus; and 2013 Junior Worlds in Milan, Italy, being the second male figure skater to ever represent Brazil at an ISU competition. He was awarded the best figure skater in Brazil prize by the Brazilian Olympic Committee in 2011. In 2015, he was chosen the Brazilian embassador for the 2016 Winter Youth Olympic Games by the Brazilian Olympic Committee.
Shefford (provincial electoral district)
Shefford is a former provincial electoral district in the Montérégie region of Quebec, Canada.  As of its final election, it included the cities of Granby and Waterloo.

It was created for the 1867 election (and existed prior to that in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada).  Its final election was in 2008.  It disappeared in the 2012 election. The western half became Granby, while most of the eastern portion joined Brome-Missisquoi.

1867 Quebec general election
The 1867 Quebec general election was held in August and September 1867 to elect members of the First Legislature for the Province of Quebec, Canada. The Quebec Conservative Party, led by Premier Pierre-Joseph-Olivier Chauveau, defeated the Quebec Liberal Party led by Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière.
Just Suppose
Just Suppose is a 1926 American silent drama film produced by and starring Richard Barthelmess with distribution through First National Pictures. Kenneth Webb directed Barthelmess and young Lois Moran star. The film is based on the 1920 Broadway play Just Suppose by Albert E. Thomas.

Kenneth Webb (director)
Kenneth Seymour Webb (16 October 1885 New York City – 6 March 1966 Hollywood, California) was an American film director, screenwriter, and composer noted for directing a number of films in the early age of the American film industry. He helped write the Gay Divorce along with Samuel Hoffenstein.
Ryelands (schooner)
The Ryelands (also named The Moby Dick), was built in England in 1887 and later came into the hands of the film industry in 1948 when RKO Pictures purchased it.  The Ryelands was used in the 1950 film Treasure Island, and was later sold to Elstree Studios for her part in the 1956 film Moby Dick. It also starred in the TV series The Buccaneers, before becoming a floating exhibit at Morecambe, England, where it was destroyed by fire in 1972.

The Buccaneers (1956 TV series)
The Buccaneers is a 1956 Sapphire Films television drama series for ITC Entertainment. It was broadcast by CBS in the US and shown on ATV and regional ITV companies as they came on air during the infancy of ITV in the UK.

Starring Robert Shaw as Captain Dan Tempest, the series, aimed at teenagers, followed the adventures of Tempest and his crew of former pirates as they made their way across the seven seas in the Sultana.

This series was one of several swashbuckling adventure series produced during this period by or for Lew Grade's ITC.
Samuel Wesley Huston
Samuel Wesley Huston (October 28, 1873 – May 25, 1933) was a political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented The Battlefords from 1929 to 1933 in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan as an independent member.

He was born in St. Marys, Ontario, the son of Samuel Huston, a native of Ireland, and Jane Adair, and was educated there. In 1908, Huston married Ester May Sproat. Huston and his family came to the East Hill area of Saskatchewan in 1918. He died in office in 1933.

Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan
The Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan (French: Assemblée législative de la Saskatchewan) is the legislative chamber of the Saskatchewan Legislature in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Saskatchewan, in the name of the King of Canada. The assembly meets at the Saskatchewan Legislative Building in Regina.

There are 61 constituencies in the province, which elect members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). All are single-member districts, though the cities of Regina, Saskatoon and Moose Jaw were in the past represented through multi-member districts, with members elected through block voting.

The legislature has been unicameral since its establishment; there has never been a provincial upper house.

The 30th Saskatchewan Legislature was elected at the 2024 Saskatchewan general election.
The Little King (film)
The Little King (French: Le petit roi) is a 1933 French drama film directed by Julien Duvivier and starring Robert Lynen, Arlette Marchal and Béatrice Bretty.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Lucien Aguettand. It was shot at the Joinville Studios in Paris with location filming in various places, including the resort town of Saint-Tropez.

It was made as a follow-up to Duvivier's 1932 hit The Red Head, which also starred Robert Lynen in the title role.

Joinville Studios
The Joinville Studios were a film studio in Paris which operated between 1910 and 1987. They were one of the leading French studios, with major companies such as Pathé and Gaumont making films there.

A second studio was added to the original in 1923. This was located less than a kilometre away, and together the two served as a major filmmaking hub. After the Second World War the studio was merged into the Franstudio network in 1947 along with other major Paris studios including the Saint-Maurice Studios and Francoeur Studios.

In the early 1930s, the American company Paramount Pictures took over the studios and made French-language versions of their hit films. In total, films were made in fourteen different languages as Joinville became a hub of such multi-language versions. While many were remakes of English-language hits, some were original stories. This practice declined as dubbing became more commonplace.
SEC24D
Protein transport protein Sec24D is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SEC24D gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the SEC24 subfamily of the SEC23/SEC24 family, which is involved in vesicle trafficking. The encoded protein has similarity to yeast Sec24p component of COPII. COPII is the coat protein complex responsible for vesicle budding from the ER. The role of this gene product is implicated in the shaping of the vesicle, and also in cargo selection and concentration.

COPII
The coat protein complex II, or COPII, is a group of proteins that facilitate the formation of vesicles to transport proteins from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus or endoplasmic-reticulum–Golgi intermediate compartment. This process is termed anterograde transport, in contrast to the retrograde transport associated with the COPI complex. COPII is assembled in two parts: first an inner layer of Sar1, Sec23, and Sec24 forms; then the inner coat is surrounded by an outer lattice of Sec13 and Sec31.
Segowlie–Raxaul Railway
Sagauli–Raxaul Railway was owned by the Segowlie–Raxaul Railway Company and worked by the Bengal and North Western Railway. The Sugauli–Raxaul Railway was absorbed by the Tirhoot Railway in around 1920.

Raxaul
Raxaul is a sub-divisional town in the East Champaran district of the 
Indian state of Bihar. It is situated on the India–Nepal border and shares its boundary with the city of Birgunj in Nepal. Raxaul serves as a major railway junction for both domestic and cross-border transport.

The other part of Raxaul is Mehsi, which is renowned for its production of high-quality litchis that are exported globally.

The Indian border town of Raxaul has become one of the busiest towns for heavy transportation due to high trade volume. Almost 56% of the total products of Birgunj are exported to the Indian state of Bihar through this route.