hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lac qui Parle, Minnesota
Lac qui Parle (/ˌlæk kiː ˈpɑːrl/ LAK kee PARL) is an unincorporated community in Lac qui Parle Township, Lac qui Parle County, Minnesota, United States. Lac qui Parle Village is the county's first permanently settled community, starting in 1868.

During the Dakota war of 1862, the community was vacated.

Lac qui Parle village was the original county seat for Lac qui Parle County.  The county board met in the hotel and post office building from 1871 to 1875, then in a rented space in the local general store until 1883 when a new courthouse was built.  The courthouse was later moved to Madison, in 1889, after a county election chose Madison as the new seat. In 1899, ten years later, a new courthouse was built in Madison which is now on the United States National Register of Historic Places.

Lac qui Parle County Courthouse
The Lac qui Parle County Courthouse, located at 600 6th Street in Madison, Lac qui Parle County in the U.S. state of Minnesota is a Richardsonian Romanesque style building featuring a high central tower, built in 1899 at a cost of $30,689.

Architects Buechner and Jacobson designed it and Olaf Swenson of Saint Paul built it.

The foundation is of river boulders; the outside walls are red brick with sandstone accents. The interior features oak cabinetry, stairways, doors, and paneling.  Floors are hardwood, except for the quarry tile in the hallways and marble treads on the stairs.
Helfert Nunatak
Helfert Nunatak (77°53′S 87°25′W﻿ / ﻿77.883°S 87.417°W﻿ / -77.883; -87.417) is a prominent rock nunatak standing 15 nautical miles (28 km) west of Mount Sharp of the Sentinel Range, in the Ellsworth Mountains of Antarctica. It was discovered and visited by the Marie Byrd Land Traverse party, 1957–58, under Charles R. Bentley, and named for Norbert F. Helfert, a meteorologist at Byrd Station in 1957.

Mount Sharp (Antarctica)
Mount Sharp (77°53′S 86°10′W﻿ / ﻿77.883°S 86.167°W﻿ / -77.883; -86.167) is a mountain over 3,000 m, standing 2 miles (3.2 km) southeast of Mount Barden in the north part of the Sentinel Range in Western Antarctica.  It surmounts Zhenda Glacier to the north and Sabazios Glacier to the east.

The mountain was mapped by the Marie Byrd Land Traverse party of 1957–58, under Charles R. Bentley, which named the mountain for Professor Robert P. Sharp, a member of the Technical Panel on Glaciology, part of the U.S. National Committee for the International Geophysical Year (IGY).
2017 Africa Cup of Nations qualification Group L
Group L of the 2017 Africa Cup of Nations qualification tournament was one of the thirteen groups to decide the teams which qualified for the 2017 Africa Cup of Nations finals tournament. The group consisted of four teams: Guinea, Malawi, Zimbabwe, and Swaziland.

The teams played against each other home-and-away in a round-robin format, between June 2015 and September 2016.

Zimbabwe, the group winners, qualified for the 2017 Africa Cup of Nations.

Guinea national football team
The Guinea national football team (French:  Équipe de football de Guinée) represents Guinea in men's international football and is controlled by the Guinean Football Federation. They have never qualified for the FIFA World Cup finals, and their best finish in the Africa Cup of Nations was runners-up in 1976. The team reached the quarter-finals in four recent tournaments (2004, 2006, 2008 and 2015). The team represents both FIFA and Confederation of African Football (CAF).
Courts of Georgia (U.S. state)
Courts of Georgia include:

State courts of Georgia

Supreme Court of Georgia
Georgia Court of Appeals
Georgia Superior Courts (49 judicial circuits)
Georgia State-wide Business Court
Georgia State Courts
Georgia Magistrate Courts
Georgia Juvenile Courts
Georgia Probate Courts
Georgia Municipal Courts

Federal courts located in Georgia

United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit (headquartered in Atlanta, having jurisdiction over the United States District Courts of Alabama, Florida, and Georgia)

United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia

United States District Court for the Middle District of Georgia

United States District Court for the Southern District of Georgia

Former federal courts of Georgia

United States District Court for the District of Georgia (extinct, subdivided)

Georgia Superior Courts
The Superior Court is Georgia's general jurisdiction trial court. It has exclusive, constitutional, authority over felony cases, divorce, equity and cases regarding title to land. The exclusive jurisdiction of this court also covers such matters as declaratory judgments, habeas corpus, mandamus, quo warranto and prohibition. The Superior Court corrects errors made by lower courts by issuing writs of certiorari; for some lower courts, the right to direct review by the Superior Court applies.
Clark College
Clark College is a public community college in Vancouver, Washington. With 11,500 students, Clark College is the largest institution of higher education in southwest Washington. Founded in 1933 as a private junior college, Clark College received its first accreditation in 1937 and has been accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities since 1948. It was incorporated into the statewide community college system in 1967.

Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities
The Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities (NWCCU) is an independent, non-profit membership organization recognized by the United States Department of Education since 1952 as an institutional accreditor for colleges and universities.
Nathaniel Fludd, Beastologist
Nathaniel Fludd, Beastologist is an ongoing series of chapter books for children written by Robin LaFevers and illustrated by Kelly Murphy. The books chronicle the adventures of young Nathaniel "Nate" Fludd, a beastologist in training who travels the world in search of mythical beasts, with his mentor Aunt Phil and pet gremlin Greasle. Sketches drawn by Nathaniel's hand are often featured in addition to the black and white art which illustrates the series.

The four published volumes have received awards from the Junior Library Guild in Fall 2009, Spring 2010, Winter 2011 and Spring 2011.

Chapter book
A chapter book is a story book intended for intermediate readers, generally age 7–10.  Unlike picture books for beginning readers, a chapter book tells the story primarily through prose rather than pictures.  Unlike books for advanced readers, chapter books contain plentiful illustrations.  The name refers to the fact that the stories are usually divided into short chapters, which provide readers with opportunities to stop and resume reading if their attention spans are not long enough to finish the book in one sitting.  Chapter books are usually works of fiction of moderate length and complexity.
Freestyle skiing at the 1994 Winter Olympics
The freestyle skiing competition of the 1994 Winter Olympics was held at Kanthaugen Freestyle Arena.  There were four events, taking place between 15 and 24 February 1994. The freestyle program was expanded at this Olympics, with aerials, previously a demonstration event, added as a full medal event.

Kanthaugen Freestyle Arena
Kanthaugen Freestyle Arena (Norwegian: Kanthaugen Freestyleanlegg) is a freestyle skiing stadium located in the hillside area of Kanthaugen in Lillehammer, Norway. Opened in 1992, it was built for the 1994 Winter Olympics. The venue consists of three hills—one each for aerials, moguls and ski ballet. The moguls hill has a capacity for 12,000 spectators while the other two have a 15,000-person capacity. The arena is designated as Norway's national venue for freestyle skiing. It hosted the FIS Freestyle Skiing World Cup in 1993 and 1995, and freestyle skiing and snowboarding at the 2016 Winter Youth Olympics. The arena is owned by Lillehammer Olympiapark and is located adjacent to the ski jumping hill Lysgårdsbakken.
Katharine Viner
Katharine Sophie Viner (born January 1971) is a British journalist and playwright. She became the second state-educated and first female editor-in-chief at The Guardian on 1 June 2015, succeeding Alan Rusbridger. Viner previously headed The Guardian's web operations in Australia and the United States, before being selected for the editor-in-chief's position.

History of journalism in the United Kingdom
The history of journalism in the United Kingdom includes the gathering and transmitting of news, spans the growth of technology and trade, marked by the advent of specialised techniques for gathering and disseminating information on a regular basis. In the analysis of historians, it involves the steady increase of 
the scope of news available to us and the speed with which it is transmitted.

Newspapers have always been the primary medium of journalists since 1700, with magazines added in the 18th century, radio and television in the 20th century, and the Internet in the 21st century.  London has always been the main center of British journalism, followed at a distance by Edinburgh, Belfast, Dublin, and regional cities.
Multekrem
Multekrem is a traditional Norwegian dessert made by mixing cloudberries with whipped cream and sugar.

The cloudberries can be served as-is or heated. It is common to serve the multekrem with krumkake or kransekake. Multekrem is also a traditional Norwegian Christmas dinner dessert.

Whipped cream
Whipped cream, also known as Chantilly cream or crème Chantilly (French: [kʁɛm ʃɑ̃tiji]), is high-fat dairy cream that is aerated by whisking until it becomes light, fluffy, and capable of holding its shape. This process incorporates air into the cream, creating a semi-solid colloid. It is commonly sweetened with white sugar and sometimes flavored with vanilla. Whipped cream is often served on desserts and hot beverages, and used as an ingredient in desserts.
Symphony No. 31 (Haydn)
Joseph Haydn's Symphony No. 31 in D major, Hob. I/31, was composed in 1765 for Haydn's employer  Prince Nikolaus Esterházy. It is nicknamed the Hornsignal Symphony because it gives a prominent role to an unusually large horn section of four players. Probably because of its prominent obbligato writing for the horns, in Paris, the publisher Sieber published this symphony as a "symphonie concertante" around 1785.

Nikolaus I, Prince Esterházy
Nikolaus I, Prince Esterházy (Hungarian: Esterházy I. Miklós, German: Nikolaus I. Joseph Fürst Esterhazy; 18 December 1714 – 28 September 1790) was a Hungarian prince, a member of the famous Esterházy family. His building of palaces, extravagant clothing, and taste for opera and other grand musical productions led to his being given the title "the Magnificent". He is remembered as the principal employer of the composer Joseph Haydn.
Thalaivan
Thalaivan (transl. Leader) is a 2014 Indian Tamil film directed by Ramesh Selvan and produced by Chithirai Selvan. The film features Baskaran, the younger brother of politician T. T. V. Dhinakaran and Nikesha Patel in the lead roles, while the ensemble cast features Santhanam, Suman and Jayaprakash amongst others. The film was released on 18 April 2014.

Vidyasagar (composer)
Upadrasta Vidya Sagar, better known as Vidyasagar (born 2 March 1963) is an Indian composer, musician and singer who works predominantly in the Tamil, Malayalam, and Telugu film industries. After working with several composers as assistant and conductor, Vidyasagar made his debut as a film composer in the 1989 Tamil film Poo Manam and is nicknamed as "Melody King". Working for over 225 feature films, he is the recipient of one National Award, multiple State Awards and five Filmfare Awards. He is widely regarded as one of the finest and most acclaimed composers in the history of Indian cinema.
Packham
Packham is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Blair Packham, Canadian singer-songwriter

Chris Packham (born 1961), English naturalist, nature photographer, television presenter and writer

David Packham (1832–1912), Australian politician

Greg Packham (born 1959), Australian rules footballer

Jenny Packham (born 1965), British fashion designer

Leonard Packham (1891–1958), Australian cricketer

Marian Packham, Canadian biochemist

Peter Packham (born 1941), English cricket administrator

Will Packham (born 1981), English footballer

Will Packham
Will Packham (born 13 January 1981) is an English former footballer who played in the Football League for Brighton & Hove Albion. After leaving Brighton in July 2003 Packham went on to play for a number of non-league teams.
The Mountain in the Sea
The Mountain in the Sea is a 2022 science fiction novel by American writer Ray Nayler. It is a near-future thriller that explores themes of consciousness, non-human intelligence, and corporate exploitation through the discovery of a hyper-intelligent octopus species off the coast of Vietnam. The novel won the 2023 Locus Award for Best First Novel.

Locus Award for Best First Novel
The Locus Award for Best First Novel is one of the annual Locus Awards  presented by the science fiction and fantasy magazine Locus. Awards presented in a given year are for works published in the previous calendar year. The award for Best First Novel was first presented in 1981. The Locus Awards have been described as a prestigious prize in science fiction, fantasy and horror literature.
Underflow (song)
"Underflow" is a song by Australian singer Emma Louise, released on 7 November 2015 as the lead single from Emma Louise's second studio album Supercry.

Emma Louise said "I wrote 'Underflow' about a feeling of knowing that a change is about to come. This feeling was bubbling up inside me. I knew that with the change would be both good and bad things. It’s about moving forward and accepting change. Whether it be the end of a relationship or the start of another exciting journey."

The song placed second at the 2016 Vanda & Young Global Songwriting Competition.

Vanda & Young Global Songwriting Competition
The Vanda & Young Global Songwriting Competition is an annual competition that "acknowledges great songwriting whilst supporting and raising money for Nordoff-Robbins" and is coordinated by Albert Music and APRA AMCOS. The competition awards a 1st, 2nd and 3rd place and was named after iconic writers Harry Vanda and George Young, known as Vanda & Young.

The competition is Australia's most prestigious and lucrative songwriting competition. The inaugural competition took place in December 2009, with Megan Washington winning with the song "How to Tame Lions".
Spaced: Soundtrack to the TV Series
The 2001 soundtrack Spaced: Soundtrack to the TV Series accompanied the first series of the Channel 4 situation comedy Spaced. The soundtrack was jointly released on DVD and VHS with the first series.

The Guy Pratt mashup of Camisra's "Let Me Show You" and the A-Team theme music was never made commercially available.

The A-Team
The A‑Team is an American action‑adventure television series that aired on NBC from January 23, 1983, to March 8, 1987. Created by Stephen J. Cannell and Frank Lupo, it follows a fictional squad of former U.S. Army Special Forces commandos who, after being falsely accused of a crime, escape military prison and become soldiers of fortune. Led by the cunning Colonel John "Hannibal" Smith and joined by Lieutenant Templeton "Faceman" Peck, Sergeant B. A. Baracus, and Captain H. M. Murdock, the team dedicates itself to helping those in need.

The series was created by Stephen J. Cannell and Frank Lupo and was a joint production of Universal Television and Stephen J. Cannell Productions for NBC. A feature film based on the series was released by 20th Century Fox in 2010.
Hypogymnia physodes
Hypogymnia physodes, commonly known as the monk's-hood lichen, is a species of foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. It is a common and widespread species in boreal and temperate forests of the Northern Hemisphere. It has a grey to yellowish-green thallus that is loosely attached to its substrate and forms large irregular patches. Hollow lobes are 2–3mm wide. The outer edge turns up and is frequently covered with white powdery soredia underneath. Its lower surface is black, wrinkled and has some browning toward the lobe margins. The pycnidia are black and abundant, and their presence creates a pepper-like effect across the upper surface. Because of its abundance and its moderate sensitivity to sulphur dioxide and heavy metals, Hypogymnia physodes is often used in bioindicator and biomonitoring studies that enable the assessment of air pollution and other environmental conditions.

Soredium
Soredia are common reproductive structures of lichens.  Lichens reproduce asexually by employing simple fragmentation and production of soredia and isidia. Soredia are powdery propagules composed of fungal hyphae wrapped around cyanobacteria or green algae. These can be either scattered diffusely across the surface of the lichen's thallus, or produced in localized structures called soralia. Fungal hyphae make up the basic body structure of a lichen. The soredia are released through openings in the upper cortex of the lichen structure. After their release, the soredia disperse to establish the lichen in a new location.
CoBoosting
CoBoost is a semi-supervised training algorithm proposed by Collins and Singer in 1999. The original application for the algorithm was the task of named-entity recognition using very weak learners, but it can be used for performing semi-supervised learning in cases where data features may be redundant.

It may be seen as a combination of co-training and boosting. Each example is available in two views (subsections of the feature set), and boosting is applied iteratively in alternation with each view using predicted labels produced in the alternate view on the previous iteration. CoBoosting is not a valid boosting algorithm in the PAC learning sense.

Weak supervision
Weak supervision (also known as semi-supervised learning) is a paradigm in machine learning, the relevance and notability of which increased with the advent of large language models due to the large amount of data required to train them.  It is characterized by using a combination of a small amount of human-labeled data (exclusively used in more expensive and time-consuming supervised learning paradigm), followed by a large amount of unlabeled data (used exclusively in unsupervised learning paradigm). In other words, the desired output values are provided only for a subset of the training data. The remaining data is unlabeled or imprecisely labeled. Intuitively, it can be seen as an exam and labeled data as sample problems that the teacher solves for the class as an aid in solving another set of problems. In the transductive setting, these unsolved problems act as exam questions. In the inductive setting, they become practice problems of the sort that will make up the exam.
Benjamin F. Haines
Benjamin Franklin Haines  (1876–1942) was a Massachusetts attorney and politician and a Florida businessman.  Haines served as a member of the Medford, Massachusetts, board of aldermen, the Massachusetts House of Representatives, as the eighth mayor of Medford, Massachusetts, and as the mayor of Altamonte Springs, Florida.

Medford, Massachusetts
Medford is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. At the time of the 2020 United States census, Medford's population was 59,659. It is home to Tufts University, which has its campus on both sides of the Medford and Somerville border.
Hynos
Hynos is a Vietnamese toothpaste brand. The brand was originally sold in South Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Singapore and Hong Kong, and still exists today. Hynos was known for its innovative advertising techniques, which included the use of billboards, film, and jingles.

The brand is known for being featured in several billboards, the most prominent of which show an African man grinning widely with shiny white teeth (similar to the Darlie Toothpaste logo). A scene involving one of its factories in the 1987 film, Full Metal Jacket, where fighting between US Marines and the Viet Cong breaks out in the South Vietnamese city of Huế.

Toothpaste
Toothpaste is a paste or gel dentifrice that is used with a toothbrush to clean and maintain the aesthetics of teeth. Toothpaste is used to promote oral hygiene: it is an abrasive that aids in removing dental plaque and food from the teeth, assists in suppressing halitosis, and delivers active ingredients (most commonly fluoride) to help prevent tooth decay (dental caries) and gum disease (gingivitis). Due to variations in composition and fluoride content, not all toothpastes are equally effective in maintaining oral health. The decline of tooth decay during the 20th century has been attributed to the introduction and regular use of fluoride-containing toothpastes worldwide. Large amounts of swallowed toothpaste can be poisonous. Common colors for toothpaste include white (sometimes with colored stripes or green tint) and blue.
Li Qiu
Li Qiu (黎球) (died 911/912) was an army officer who ruled Qian Prefecture (虔州, in modern Ganzhou, Jiangxi) briefly after assassinating the previously ruler Lu Yanchang in 911, early in the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.  He died shortly after taking over Lu's position.

Ganzhou
Ganzhou (Chinese: 赣州; pinyin: Gànzhōu), alternately romanized as Kanchow, is a prefecture-level city in the south of Jiangxi province, China, bordering Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, and Hunan to the west. Its administrative seat is at Zhanggong District.
The Christmas Choir
The Christmas Choir is a 2008 American-Canadian made-for-television Christmas drama film written by Donald Martin and directed by Peter Svatek, and based upon a true story of a man who volunteered to work at a homeless shelter and started a choir with its residents. The film first aired on December 9, 2008 on Hallmark Channel. The film was Michael Sarrazin's final screen role.  The film was inspired by the true story of Pierre Anthian and the Montreal Accueil Bonneau Choir.

Christmas in popular culture
Christmas themes have long been an inspiration to artists and writers. A prominent aspect of Christian media, the topic first appeared in literature and in music. Filmmakers have picked up on this wealth of material, with both adaptations of Christmas novels, in the forms of Christmas films, Santa Claus films, and Christmas television specials.

It also includes animation, comics, and children's books, including A Charlie Brown Christmas, How the Grinch Stole Christmas!, and Frosty the Snowman.
Holepyris sylvanidis
Holepyris sylvanidis is a species of hymenopteran parasitoid in the family Bethylidae. It parasitizes pests of stored products. Its hosts include the confused flour beetle (preferred host), red flour beetle, sawtoothed grain beetle, merchant grain beetle, and rusty grain beetle.

Cryptolestes ferrugineus
Cryptolestes ferrugineus  is a 1.5-2.5 mm long species of lined flat bark beetle, possibly native to Europe. It currently has a cosmopolitan distribution, and is referred to by the common name the rusty grain beetle. It is one of the most common pests of stored grains, grain products, dry plants and dry plant products.