hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Carl Kaiserling
Johann Carl Kaiserling (3 February 1869 - 20 August 1942) was a German pathologist who was a native of Kassel-Wehlheiden.

He studied medicine in Munich, Kiel and Berlin, earning his medical doctorate in 1893. In 1902, he became privatdozent at the University of Berlin, and from 1912 was a professor of general pathology and pathological anatomy at the University of Königsberg.

His name is associated with "Kaiserling's fixative", a means of preserving histologic and pathologic specimens without changing the natural color. This fixative is an aqueous solution of formalin, potassium nitrate and potassium acetate. Kaiserling is also known for his pioneer work in the field of photomicrography.

Potassium nitrate
Potassium nitrate is a chemical compound with a sharp, salty, bitter taste and the chemical formula KNO3. It is a potassium salt of nitric acid. This salt consists of potassium cations K+ and nitrate anions NO−3, and is therefore an alkali metal nitrate. It occurs in nature as a mineral, niter (or nitre outside the United States). It is a source of nitrogen, and nitrogen was named after niter. Potassium nitrate is one of several nitrogen-containing compounds collectively referred to as saltpetre (or saltpeter in American English).

Major uses of potassium nitrate are in fertilizers, tree stump removal, rocket propellants and fireworks. It is one of the major constituents of traditional gunpowder (black powder). In processed meats, potassium nitrate reacts with hemoglobin and myoglobin generating a red color.
Siberian pipit
The Siberian pipit (Anthus japonicus), also known as the Japanese pipit and formerly known as the buff-bellied pipit, is a species of songbird in the family Motacillidae. It was split from the American pipit in 2024 by both the IOC and Clements checklist. It is found in East Asia.

The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World
The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World is a book by Jim Clements which presents a list of the bird species of the world.

The most recent printed version is the sixth edition (2007), but has been updated yearly, the last version in 2024, and is published by Cornell University Press. Previous editions were published by the author's own imprint, Ibis Publishing.  The Cornell Lab of Ornithology has provided annual updates since then, usually in August, and the most recent version is available online in several formats. These updates reflect the ongoing changes to bird taxonomy based on published research.

Clements is the official list used by the American Birding Association for birds globally. eBird also uses the Clements checklist as the base list for its eBird taxonomy, which in addition to species includes hybrids and other non-species entities reported by birders.
Sofia Ring Road
The Sofia ring road (Bulgarian: Софийски околовръстен път, romanized: Sofiyski okolovrasten pat), also called in Bulgarian Okolovrastnoto shose (Cyrillic: Околовръстното шосе, The ring chaussée), often shortened to just Okolovrastnoto (Cyrillic: Околовръстното, literally The ring [chaussée]) is an important thoroughfare surrounding Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria. The ring road is 61.8 km long and has recently been upgraded on several sections, with plans to further improve it on the remaining sections.

Chaussee
Chaussee is an historic term used in German-speaking countries for early, metalled, rural highways, designed by road engineers, as opposed to the hitherto, traditional, unpaved country roads. The term is no longer used in modern road construction in Western Europe, but survives in road names and is used by historians. In Eastern Europe and the post-Soviet states it remains a generic term for a common paved highway outside of built-up areas, but they may transition into prospekts within towns and cities.
Bob Smith (comics)
Robert Allen Smith (born November 18, 1951), better known as Bob Smith, is an American comic book artist, notable as an inker with DC Comics and Archie Comics.

Smith was born in Aberdeen, Washington, and grew up in Grayland, Washington. After studying at Grays Harbor College, a community college in Aberdeen, he graduated in 1974 from Western Washington State College (now Western Washington University), where he took courses in drawing and painting. After Smith became interested in comic books in 1971, he contributed to Mike Friedrich's Star Reach, published from 1974 to 1979.

Aberdeen, Washington
Aberdeen (/ˈæbərdiːn/ AB-ər-deen) is a city in Grays Harbor County, Washington, United States. The population was 17,013 at the 2020 census. The city is the most populous in Grays Harbor County and the region's economic center, bordering the cities of Hoquiam and Cosmopolis. Aberdeen is occasionally referred to as the "Gateway to the Olympic Peninsula".
Shishkin (horse)
Shishkin (4 April 2014 – 28 April 2024) was an Irish-bred British-trained thoroughbred racehorse who competed in National Hunt races. A dual Cheltenham Festival winner, he  won 14 of his 21 races including six Grade 1s with his best performance generally regarded as the Clarence House Chase victory over Energumene. He was trained by Nicky Henderson and ridden by Nico de Boinville.

National Hunt racing
National Hunt Racing, also known as Jump Racing, is a form of horse racing particular to many European countries, including, but not limited to:  France, Great Britain and Ireland. Jump Racing requires horses to jump over fences and ditches.

In the UK, National Hunt Racing is divided into two major distinct branches: Hurdling and Steeplechase, as well as flat races called “Bumpers”. Hurdling involves horses jumping over Hurdles, while Steeplechase involves the horses jumping over a variety of different obstacles that includes fences, water jump or an open ditch. Some of the biggest National Hunt events of the year in the UK are the Grand National and the Cheltenham Gold Cup.
Scouting in Yorkshire and the Humber
Scouting in Yorkshire and the Humber is largely represented by the Scout Association of the United Kingdom and some Groups of traditional Scouting including the Baden-Powell Scouts' Association.

The Scout Association in Yorkshire and the Humber is part of the Scout Association North East Region, as is the Scout Association in Scouting in North East England. The Scout Association North East Region is the only one that covers two official regions of England. There are also four student Scouting associations based at universities in the region, which are affiliated with the Student Scout and Guide Organisation (SSAGO).

Traditional Scouting
Traditional Scouting is "old-fashioned" or "back to basics" Scouting in some form, often with an emphasis on woodcraft and scoutcraft activities. As a pluralist movement, there is no one set definition for the term, but most traditionalists share a common set of values and procedures. Traditionalists aim to return the Scout Movement to something approximating its original style and activities; rejecting the trend of modernizing the program in an attempt to widen its appeal and/or use the name "Scouts" for new programs for ever-younger children.

Baden-Powell traditionalists follow Robert Baden-Powell's model of Scouting from his book Scouting for Boys with some rejecting even Cubs and Rovers programs. Other Traditionalist oppose Baden-Powell like organizational structures being used outside of the original Boy Scouts.
De Fauw (surname)
Not to be confounded with De Pauw.

De Fauw or Defauw is a Belgian surname.

The name has many variants. It derives from Old French fou, fau, "beech", itself from Latin fagus, or, like the variants Defau and Defaut, it can indicate origin from Faux (Faulx) in Court-Saint-Étienne, Wallonia, or Faulx-les-Tombes, near Namur, also in Wallonia, or from Les Fawes, Liège. The etymology of these toponyms is either still from Latin fagus via Old French, or from Germanic *falisa, "cliff".

Notable people with the surname include:

Brad DeFauw, American professional ice hockey winger

Davy De fauw, Belgian footballer

Désiré Defauw, Belgian conductor and violinist

Dimitri De Fauw, Belgian cyclist

Dirk De fauw, Belgian politician

Ken De Fauw, Belgian cyclist

Rita Defauw, Belgian rower

Namur
Namur (French: [namyʁ] ⓘ; Walloon: Nameur; Dutch: Namen [ˈnaːmə(n)] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in Wallonia, Belgium. It is the capital both of the province of Namur and of Wallonia, hosting the Parliament of Wallonia, the Government of Wallonia and its administration.

Namur stands at the confluence of the rivers Sambre and Meuse and straddles three different regions – Hesbaye to the north, Condroz to the south-east, and Entre-Sambre-et-Meuse to the south-west. The city of Charleroi is located to the west. The language spoken is French.

The municipality consists of the following sub-municipalities: Beez, Belgrade, Boninne, Bouge, Champion, Cognelée, Daussoulx, Dave, Erpent, Flawinne, Gelbressée, Jambes, Lives-sur-Meuse, Loyers, Malonne, Marche-les-Dames, Namur proper, Naninne, Saint-Servais, Saint-Marc, Suarlée, Temploux, Vedrin, Wépion, and Wierde.
1979 West Dorset District Council election
The 1979 West Dorset District Council election was held on Thursday 3 May 1979 to elect councillors to West Dorset District Council in England. It took place on the same day as the general election and other district council elections in the United Kingdom. This was the third election to the district council, the election saw terms of councillors extended from three to four years.

The 1979 election saw the Independent councillors maintain their majority control on the Council.

West Dorset
West Dorset was a local government district in Dorset, England. The district was formed on 1 April 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972, and was a merger of the boroughs of Bridport, Dorchester and Lyme Regis, along with Sherborne urban district and the rural districts of Beaminster, Bridport, Dorchester and Sherborne. Its council was based in Dorchester.

The district and its council were abolished on 1 April 2019 and, together with the other four districts outside the greater Bournemouth area, replaced by a new Dorset unitary authority.
Cecil Ballow Baseball Complex
Cecil Ballow Baseball Complex is the home to the Tarleton State Texans baseball team in Stephenville, Texas. The field is natural grass, and seated capacity is 550. The stadium opened in 1988 just after completion.

Stephenville, Texas
Stephenville is a city in and the county seat of Erath County, Texas, United States. It sits on the North Bosque River, which rises nearby. Founded in 1854, it is home to Tarleton State University. Stephenville's population was 20,847 as of the 2020 census, and it is the principal city in the Stephenville Micropolitan Statistical Area. Stephenville is among several communities that call themselves the "Cowboy Capital of the World".
County of Cerdanya
The County of Cerdanya (Catalan: Comtat de Cerdanya, IPA: [kumˈtad də səɾˈðaɲə]; Latin: Comitatus Ceritaniae; Spanish: Condado de Cerdaña, French: Comté de Cerdagne) was one of the Catalan counties formed in the last decades of the 8th century by the Franks in the Marca Hispanica. The original Cerdanya consisted of the valley of the upper Segre. Today Cerdanya is a Catalan comarca.

Spanish March
The Spanish March or Hispanic March was a march or military buffer zone established after the failed Umayyad invasion of Francia. It was established in c. 795 by Charlemagne in the eastern Pyrenees and nearby areas, to protect the new territories of the Christian Carolingian Empire—the Duchy of Gascony, the Duchy of Aquitaine, and Septimania—from the Muslim Umayyad Emirate of Córdoba in al-Andalus.

In its broader meaning,  the Spanish March sometimes refers to a group of early Iberian and trans-Pyrenean lordships or counts coming under Frankish rule. As time passed, these lordships merged or gained independence from Frankish imperial rule.
Wong (Marvel Comics)
Wong is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Stan Lee and artist Steve Ditko, the character first appeared in Strange Tales #110 (July 1963). Wong was unnamed until Strange Tales #119 (April 1964). He is a supporting character of the superhero Doctor Strange. He stems from a family of monks living in Kamar-Taj.

The character was portrayed by Clyde Kusatsu in the 1978 television film Dr. Strange. Benedict Wong portrays the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Doctor Strange (2016), Avengers: Infinity War (2018), Avengers: Endgame (2019), Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings (2021), Spider-Man: No Way Home (2021), and Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness as well as the Disney+ series She-Hulk: Attorney at Law (both 2022). Additionally, he voices an alternate timeline version in the Disney+ animated series What If...? (2021)

First appearance
In comic books and other stories with a long history, first appearance refers to the first issue to feature a fictional character. These issues are often highly valued by collectors due to their rarity and iconic status.
Walter George (cricketer)
Walter George  (20 September 1847 – 2 November 1938) was an English first-class cricketer who played for Kent County Cricket Club in 1875.

George was born at Selling near Faversham in Kent in 1847. He played for Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) in 1872 but did not make his first-class cricket debut until 1875 when he played five times for Kent as a bowler. George was a  left-arm fast-medium roundarm bowler and took 22 first-class wickets in his five matches. He took 6 wickets for 32 runs against Hampshire and 7 for 86 against Derbyshire.

George's last known match was for Lord Harris' XI at Faversham in 1879. He died at Bell Green near Sydenham in Kent in 1938 at the age of 91.

Roundarm bowling
In cricket, roundarm bowling is a bowling style that was introduced in the first quarter of the 19th century and largely superseded underarm bowling by the 1830s. Using a roundarm action, the bowlers extend their arm about 90 degrees from their body at the point where they release the ball. Roundarm fell into decline after 1864 when the current style of overarm bowling was legalised, although W. G. Grace continued to use it to the end of his career.
Zdzisław Antczak
Zdzisław Antczak (20 November 1947 – 28 February 2019) was a Polish handball player who competed in the 1972 Summer Olympics and in the 1976 Summer Olympics. Honoured Master of Sport of Poland.

In 1972 he was part of the Polish team which finished tenth. Four years later he won the bronze medal with the Polish team.

Poland men's national handball team
The Poland men's national handball team is controlled by the Polish Handball Association (Związek Piłki Ręcznej w Polsce), and represents Poland in international matches.. Some of the team`s greatest achievements came between 2007 and 2016. At that time, legends like Sławomir Szmal, Karol Bielecki, or Marcin Lijewski led the Polish goldem generation to multiple world championship medals.
The Skeptics' Guide to the Universe
The Skeptics' Guide to the Universe (SGU) is an American weekly skeptical podcast hosted by Steven Novella along with a panel of contributors. The official podcast of the New England Skeptical Society, it was named to evoke The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. The show features discussions of recent scientific developments in layman's terms, and interviews authors, people in the area of science, and other famous skeptics. The SGU podcast includes discussions of myths, conspiracy theories, pseudoscience, the paranormal, and other forms of superstition, from the point of view of scientific skepticism.

Urban legend
Urban legend (sometimes modern legend, urban myth, or simply legend) is a genre of folklore concerning stories about an unusual (usually scary) or humorous event that many people believe to be true but largely are not.

These legends can be entertaining but often concern mysterious and troubling events, such as disappearances and strange objects or entities. Urban legends may confirm moral standards, reflect prejudices, or be a way to make sense of societal anxieties.

In the past, urban legends were most often circulated orally, at gatherings and around the campfire for instance. Now, they can be spread by any media, including newspapers, mobile news apps, e-mail, and most often, social media.  Some urban legends have passed through the years/decades with only minor changes, in where the time period takes place. Generic urban legends are often altered to suit regional variations, but the lesson or moral generally remains the same.
Jati Sidhu
Jatinder Sidhu (born 1952) is a Canadian politician, who represented the riding of Mission—Matsqui—Fraser Canyon in the House of Commons of Canada from 2015 until his defeat in the 2019 Canadian federal election.

Previously an entrepreneur, Sidhu entered politics after many years of community activism and volunteer service.

Mission—Matsqui—Abbotsford
Mission—Matsqui—Abbotsford (formerly Mission—Matsqui—Fraser Canyon) is a federal electoral district located in Fraser Valley of British Columbia.

Mission—Matsqui—Fraser Canyon was created by the 2012 federal electoral boundaries redistribution and was legally defined in the 2013 representation order. It came into effect upon the call of the 42nd Canadian federal election, which occurred on October 19, 2015. It was created out of the electoral districts of Pitt Meadows—Maple Ridge—Mission, Abbotsford and Chilliwack—Fraser Canyon.

Under the 2022 Canadian federal electoral redistribution the riding was renamed.
Carole Murray
Carole Murray is a former legislator in the U.S. state of Colorado. Elected to the Colorado House of Representatives as a Republican in 2008, Murray represented House District 45, which encompassed Teller County and southern Douglas County, Colorado.

Douglas County, Colorado
Douglas County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 357,978. The county is named in honor of U.S. Senator Stephen A. Douglas. The county seat is Castle Rock.

Douglas County is part of the Denver metropolitan area. It is located midway between Colorado's two largest cities, Denver and Colorado Springs, and contains a portion of Aurora, the state's third-largest city. Douglas County has the highest median household income of any Colorado county or statistical equivalent. It is ranked seventh nationally in that category.
Rudolf Hirzel
Rudolf Hirzel (20 March 1846, Leipzig - 30 December 1917, Jena) was a German classical scholar, and author of a number of major books on Greek law, oaths, dialogues and names. He was the second son of Solomon Hirzel, the owner of a publishing house in Leipzig. He was educated at the Thomasschule in Leipzig and went to study Classics in Heidelberg, Göttingen (with Hermann Sauppe) and, lastly, Berlin, where he graduated in 1868 (with Moriz Haupt).

Hirzel married Dorothea Hirzel, née Springer, on 14 March 1887. They had no children. In Jena Rudolf Hirzel  lived in the same house as  Gottlob Frege and it has been conjectured that his studies in ancient logic may have influenced him.

Dialogue
Dialogue (sometimes spelled dialog in American English) is an interactive communication between two or more people, and a literary and theatrical form that depicts such an exchange. As a philosophical or didactic device, it is chiefly associated in the West with the Socratic dialogue as developed by Plato, but antecedents are also found in other traditions including Indian literature.
Landi Kotal Brigade
The Landi Kotal Brigade was an infantry formation of the Indian Army during World War II. It was formed in 1920, for service on the North West Frontier. It was normal practice for newly formed battalions to be posted to the North West Frontier for service before being sent to Africa, Burma or Italy.

18th Royal Garhwal Rifles
The 18th Royal Garhwal Rifles was an infantry regiment of the British Indian Army. It was formed in 1922, after the Indian government decided to reform the army, moving away from single-battalion regiments to multi-battalion regiments. They were the only Indian Infantry regiment to remain intact without being amalgamated. They were renumbered 18th Royal Garhwal Rifles with three active battalions and the 4th battalion becoming the 10th training battalion. After the partition of India in 1947, it was allocated to the new Indian Army and renamed The Garhwal Rifles.
The Morning Star (play)
The Morning Star is a 1941 play by the British actor and writer Emlyn Williams. It portrayed life in wartime London during The Blitz and featured the simulation of an air raid. It take place in a drawing room of a house in Chelsea.

It premiered at the Royal Court Theatre in Liverpool before transferring to the Globe Theatre in London's West End where it ran for 475 performances between 10 December 1941 and 12 December 1942. The London cast included Williams, Frederick Lloyd, Roddy Hughes, Gladys Henson, Elliott Mason, Angela Baddeley, Ambrosine Phillpotts and Betty Ann Davies. In 1942 it appeared at the Morosco Theatre on Broadway. The Broadway version starred Gregory Peck alongside Gladys Cooper, Jill Esmond, Wendy Barrie and Rhys Williams.

Ambrosine Phillpotts
Ambrosine Phillpotts (13 September 1912 – 12 October 1980) was a British actress of theatre, TV, radio and film. The Times wrote, "She was one of the last great stage aristocrats, a stylish comedienne best known for playing on stage and screen a succession of increasingly 'grandes dames' with an endearing mixture of Edwardian snobbery and eccentric absent-mindedness".
Thymoetadae
Thymoetadae or Thymoitadai (Ancient Greek: Θυμοιτάδαι) or Thymaetedae or Thymaitadai (Θυμαιτάδαι), was a deme of ancient Attica. It derived its name from Thymoetas, a king of Attica, possessed a port, from which Theseus secretly set sail on his expedition to Crete. This retired port seems to have been the same as the Phoron Limen (Φώρων λιμήν) or “Thieves' port,” so called from its being frequented by smugglers. It is a small circular harbour at the entrance to the bay of Salamis. Xypete, Peiraeeus, Phalerum, and Thymoetadae formed the τετράκωμοι, which had a temple of Heracles in common (τετράκωμον Ἡρακλεῖον). It was situated on the Attic side of the Strait of Salamis; and it was from the heights of Aegaleos, above this temple, that Xerxes I witnessed the Battle of Salamis. The σισύραι, or garments of goatskins of Thymoetadae, appear to have been celebrated.

The site of Thymoetadae is located near Keratsini.

Salamis Bay
Salamis Bay (Greek: Όρμος Σαλαμίνος) is a bay on the west coast of Salamis Island, Greece. It connects with the Saronic Gulf to the west. Its maximum length is approximately 9 km from northeast to west. Cape Petriti forms its southwestern end. The main town of the island, Salamina, is on the northeastern end of the bay. The village Aianteio is on its south coast.

The bay is surrounded by steep hills.

37°56′N 23°28′E﻿ / ﻿37.94°N 23.46°E﻿ / 37.94; 23.46
John Taylor's Month Away / Missionary
"John Taylor's Month Away"/"Missionary" is a double a-side single by King Creosote and Jon Hopkins, released on 6 February 2012 on Domino Records. The track, "John Taylor's Month Away", is taken from the duo's studio album, Diamond Mine, while "Missionary" originally appeared on Creosote's Kenny and Beth's Musakal Boat Rides. Hopkins and Creosote recorded a new version of the track, initially intended for inclusion on Diamond Mine, but ultimately removed it from the track listing.

The single was released on 7-inch vinyl and as a digital download.

Kenny and Beth's Musakal Boat Rides
Kenny and Beth's Musakal Boat Rides is the first album by King Creosote released by Fence Records and Domino Records, however far from his debut release on Fence alone. It was Anderson's first studio album that wasn't distributed on a CD-R. The album made No. 5 in Rough Trade's top 100 albums of 2003.