hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Natalia Kałucka
Natalia Kałucka (born 25 December 2001) is a Polish competition climber who specialises in competition speed climbing. She is a World Championships, European Championships and European Games gold medallist, and a World Games silver medallist. Kałucka won the gold medal in the women's speed event at the 2021 World Championships, 2024 European Championships and 2023 European Games. She is the twin sister of fellow speed climber Aleksandra Kałucka.

2023 European Games
The 3rd European Games (Polish: III Igrzyska Europejskie, Igrzyska Europejskie 2023), also known as the 2023 European Games or Kraków-Małopolska 2023, was an international multi-sport event held from 21 June to 2 July 2023 in Kraków and Małopolska, Poland. It was the first time that Poland hosted the European Games. All Olympic sports held at the European Games provided qualification opportunities for the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, France.
Oleksandr Polovkov
Oleksandr Polovkov (Ukrainian: Олександр Іванович Половков; born 4 October 1979) is a Ukrainian former professional football defender who played for different clubs in the Ukrainian Premier League. He last played for FC Shakhtar Sverdlovsk prior to the suspension of club activities due to the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation.

On 8 August 2015, he played for LNR football team.

PFC Shakhtar Sverdlovsk
Shakhtar Sverdlovsk (Ukrainian: Шахтар Свердловськ) was a professional Ukrainian football club based in Luhansk oblast's Sverdlovsk city (Dovzhansk).
The club competed in the Ukrainian Second League but was suspended after the 2013–14 amid the Russian aggression against Ukraine.

The club holds a record in number of seasons (23) in which the club was fielding its team/teams in national (republican) amateur competitions (Ukrainian Amateur Football Championship).
1881 New York state election
The 1881 New York state election was held on November 8, 1881, to elect the Secretary of State, the State Comptroller, the Attorney General, the State Treasurer, the State Engineer and a judge of the New York Court of Appeals, as well as all members of the New York State Assembly and the New York State Senate.

New York State Treasurer
The New York State Treasurer was a state cabinet officer in the State of New York between 1776 and 1926. During the re-organization of the state government under Governor Al Smith, the office was abolished and its responsibilities transferred to the new Department of Audit and Control headed to the New York State Comptroller.
UMass Lowell River Hawks men's ice hockey
The UMass Lowell River Hawks men's ice hockey team is the college ice hockey team that represents the University of Massachusetts Lowell. It competes at the NCAA Division I level in the Hockey East Association. The team competed at the Division II level until 1983. That year the University of Lowell was raised to D1 in hockey only and joined the newly formed Hockey East Association. Thirty years later with a name change to both the school and the team, the University of Massachusetts Lowell claimed their first Hockey East regular season title and HEA Tournament championship in 2013.  The River Hawks made their first Frozen Four in 2013 as well.  UMass Lowell would repeat as Hockey East champions in 2014 and then again in 2017.

The River Hawks have played at The Tsongas Center at UMass Lowell since its opening in January 1998.

Dean Jenkins
Dean F. Jenkins (born November 21, 1959, in Billerica, Massachusetts) is an American former ice hockey player who played in five games during the 1983–84 season for the Los Angeles Kings in the National Hockey League (NHL). The rest of his career, which lasted from 1981 to 1985, was spent in the American Hockey League.
Frolendingen
Frolendingen (The Frolander) is a local Norwegian newspaper, published on Wednesdays in Froland in Agder county.

Frolendingen was established in 2005. It is an independent paper for the residents of the municipality of Froland. The newspaper is owned by about 100 companies and private individuals, each of whom hold between one and 100 shares. The newspaper is a member of the National Association of Local Newspapers and it follows the Ethical Code of Practice for the Norwegian Press. The paper is published every Wednesday, and it covers local events and news.

Ethical Code of Practice for the Norwegian Press
The Ethical Code of Practice for the Norwegian Press (Bokmål: Vær Varsom-plakaten, Nynorsk: Ver Varsam-plakaten, Northern Sami: Leage Várrugas) is a code regulating journalism ethics and standards in Norway.

It was first written in 1936. In 1956 it was rewritten for the first time, with important contributions from Verdens Gang editor Christian A. R. Christensen. Later revisions came in 1966, 1975, 1987, 1989, 1990, 1994, 2001, 2005, 2007, 2013 and 2015.

It applies for the written press as well as radio, television and Internet media. Complaints about breaches of the code are handled by Pressens Faglige Utvalg.

The code is supplemented by the 1953 document, the Rights and Duties of the Editor (Redaktørplakaten), as well as a code regarding advertising language (Tekstreklameplakaten).
Castlemaine railway station
Castlemaine railway station is a regional railway station on the Deniliquin line, part of the Victorian railway network. It serves the north-western town of Castlemaine, in Victoria, Australia. Castlemaine station is a ground level staffed station, featuring two side platforms. It opened on 21 October 1862.

The station is the terminus of the Victorian Goldfields Railway heritage services on the Maldon line. It used to be the terminus of the cross-country Castlemaine-Maryborough railway, but the section from Castlemaine to Moolort was closed in 2004, and the remaining section to Maryborough was closed in 2011.

Disused stations at Elphinstone and Taradale are located between Castlemaine and Malmsbury, while disused stations Harcourt and Ravenswood are located between Castlemaine and Kangaroo Flat. Chewton station, between Castlemaine and Malmsbury, has been demolished.

Railroad switch
A railroad switch (AE), turnout, or (set of) points (CE) is a mechanical installation enabling railway trains to be guided from one track to another, such as at a railway junction or where a spur or siding branches off.
Grupo Terna
The Urban Operational Tactical Intelligence Unit (Spanish: Unidad de Inteligencia Táctica Operativa Urbana), better known as the Grupo Terna, is a specialised unit of the Special Operations Division (better known as the "Green Squadron") of the National Police of Peru. It consists of police officers dressed in plain clothes, who blend in with criminal areas and intervene against people who commit flagrant crimes, using operational tactical intelligence.

Its name comes from its method of operations, which usually involves groups of three.

Covert operation
A covert operation, clandestine operation or undercover operation is a military or police operation involving a covert agent or troops acting under an assumed cover to conceal the identity of the party responsible.: 5–6
Ras el Ma Airfield
Ras el Ma Airfield is an abandoned World War II military airfield in Morocco, located in the southeast suburbs of Ras Kebdana.   The airfield served as a support facility for the port, allowing Allied aircraft to be assembled and parepared for combat duty, then flown from the airstrip as replacements during the North African Campaign.

The United States Army Air Force Twelfth Air Force also used the airfield to re-equip the 27th Bombardment Group with the A-36 Apache close air support variant of the P-51 Mustang in April 1943.  Once the unit was successfully transitioned from its A-20 Havoc light bombers, it was reassigned back to combat duty at Korba, Tunisia.

Ras Kebdana
Ras Kebdana or Ras El Ma (Tarifit: Qabuyawa ⵇⴰⴱⵓⵢⴰⵡⴰ; Arabic: رأس الماء) is a town in Nador Province, Oriental, Morocco. It is a seaport, is located in the province of Nador.  According to the 2014 census, it has a population of 7,580.
Zen 5
Zen 5 ("Nirvana") is a microarchitecture for CPUs by AMD, shown on their roadmap in May 2022, launched for mobile in July 2024 and for desktop in August 2024. It is the successor to Zen 4 and is currently fabricated on TSMC's N4P process. Zen 5 is also planned to be fabricated on the N3E process in the future.

The Zen 5 microarchitecture powers Ryzen 9000 series desktop processors (codenamed "Granite Ridge"),  Epyc 9005 server processors (codenamed "Turin"), and Ryzen AI 300 thin and light mobile processors (codenamed  "Strix Point").

LPDDR
Low-Power Double Data Rate (LPDDR) is a type of synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM) designed to use less power than conventional memory. It is commonly used in smartphones, tablet computers, and laptops, where reducing power consumption is important for battery life. For this reason, earlier versions of the technology were also known as Mobile DDR.

LPDDR differs from standard DDR SDRAM in both design and features, with changes that make it more suitable for mobile devices. Unlike DDR, which is typically installed in removable modules, LPDDR is usually soldered directly onto the device's motherboard to conserve space and improve efficiency. Although LPDDR uses a generational naming convention similar to that of DDR memory (such as LPDDR4 and DDR4), the two follow separate development standards, and the version numbers do not indicate that they share the same technologies. The LPDDR standard is developed and maintained by the JEDEC Solid State Technology Association.
Singapore Armed Forces Overseas Scholarship
The SAF Scholarship, formerly known as the SAF Overseas Scholarship (SAFOS), is a scholarship conferred by the Public Service Commission (PSC). The scholarship is second in prestige to the President's Scholarship.

Scholars are groomed for the highest levels of command and management in the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) and beyond. They will generally do another post-graduate degree in Master of Business Administration (MBA), Master of Public Administration (MPA) or Master of Public Policy (MPP) overseas in the middle of their careers to prepare themselves for appointments beyond the SAF. Upon graduation, scholars go through different tour of duty from other cadet officers.

Master of Public Administration
The academic qualification of Master of Public Administration (MPA) is a specialized professional graduate degree in public administration. Its course of studies prepares students for  roles as leaders, and resembles or mirrors training for qualification as a Master of Business Administration, but with an emphasis on issues of public services.

This program covers principles of public administration, policy development, and management. Graduates may work in government, nonprofits, or  private companies. The specifics of the program can vary by university or country. It typically requires two years for completion.
Krzysztof Kuszewski
Krzysztof Kuszewski (19 July 1940 – 8 February 2022) was a Polish politician. He served as Minister of Health and Social Welfare from 17 September to 17 October 1997. He died on 8 February 2022 at the age of 81.

Ministry of Health (Poland)
Ministry of Health of the Republic of Poland (Polish: Ministerstwo Zdrowia Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej) is one of the ministries of the Republic of Poland. It is responsible for overseeing the organization of the healthcare system, supervision of medical services, health promotion, and disease prevention. The Ministry develops legal regulations, coordinates healthcare financing, and supervises the National Health Fund (NFZ). It is also in charge of reimbursement of medicines, medical devices, and foodstuffs for special medical purposes; oversight of medical professions; development and implementation of public health programs; organization and supervision of the State Medical Emergency System; and activities related to health resort treatment.
New Army
The New Army (Traditional Chinese: 新軍, Simplified Chinese: 新军; Pinyin: Xīnjūn, Manchu: Ice cooha), more fully called the Newly Created Army (新建陸軍 Xinjian Lujun), was the combined modernised army corps formed under the Qing dynasty in December 1895, following its defeat in the First Sino-Japanese War. At first it consisted of a few experimental units, but after 1901 it was envisioned as a regular and professional fully trained and equipped according to Western standards with a reserve. In 1903 an imperial edict expanded it to 36 divisions of 12,500 men each, or total of 450,000 in peacetime supplemented by a further 523,000 reservists in wartime though it never achieved a strength above 300,000.

Zeng Guofan
Zeng Guofan, Marquis Yiyong (traditional Chinese: 曾國藩; simplified Chinese: 曾国藩; pinyin: Zēng Guófān; Wade–Giles: Tseng1 Kuo2-fan1; 26 November 1811 – 12 March 1872), birth name Zeng Zicheng, courtesy name Bohan (伯涵), was a Chinese statesman and military general of the late Qing dynasty. He is best known for raising and organizing the Xiang Army to aid the Qing military in suppressing the Taiping Rebellion and restoring the stability of the Qing Empire. Along with other prominent figures such as Zuo Zongtang and Li Hongzhang of his time, Zeng set the scene for the Tongzhi Restoration, an attempt to arrest the decline of the Qing dynasty. Zeng was known for his strategic perception, administrative skill and noble personality on Confucian practice, but also for his ruthlessness in repressing rebellions.
LK II
The Leichter Kampfwagen II ("light combat vehicle"), commonly known as the LK II, was a light tank designed and produced in limited numbers in Germany in the last year of World War I. A development of the LK I, it incorporated a fixed rear superstructure and had two distinct configurations; one variant being armed with the MG 08/15, and the other being armed with a 5.7 cm Maxim-Nordenfelt gun. Its armor was 8 to 14 mm thick, which led to a total weight of 8.75 tons. Power was provided by a Daimler-Benz Model 1910 4-cylinder 55-60 hp gasoline engine, giving a maximum speed of 14 to 18 km/h with range of 65–70 km.

The LK II was designed by German engineer and automobile designer Joseph Vollmer, who also designed the A7V, the K-Wagen and the LK I. Vollmer was appointed to the position of chief designer for the German War Department's motor vehicle section

Only two prototypes were produced by June 1918, and were followed by orders for 580 tanks, which were never completed.

5.7 cm Maxim-Nordenfelt
The 5.7 cm Maxim-Nordenfelt "Canon de caponnière" was a fortress gun and infantry gun developed during the 1880s in Britain which was sold to Belgium and later produced under license by the Cockerill company.  It saw action during World War I in both Belgian and German hands.
Matterhorn (novel)
Matterhorn: A Novel of the Vietnam War is a novel by American author and decorated Marine, Karl Marlantes.  It was first published by El León Literary Arts in 2009 (in small quantity) and re-issued (and slightly edited) as a major publication of Atlantic Monthly Press on March 23, 2010.

Marlantes is a graduate of Yale University and a Rhodes Scholar. He is also a highly decorated Marine who served in Vietnam. He was awarded the Navy Cross, the Bronze Star, two Navy Commendation Medals for valor, two Purple Hearts, and ten Air Medals. He spent 30 years working on the novel, which was rejected for publication numerous times.

Grove Atlantic
Grove Atlantic, Inc. is an American independent publisher, based in New York City. Formerly styled "Grove/Atlantic, Inc.", it was created in 1993 by the merger of Grove Press and Atlantic Monthly Press. As of 2018 Grove Atlantic calls itself "An Independent Literary Publisher Since 1917". That refers to the official date Atlantic Monthly Press was established by the Boston magazine The Atlantic Monthly.
Redhill Tunnel
51°14′20″N 0°09′41″W﻿ / ﻿51.239°N 0.1615°W﻿ / 51.239; -0.1615

Redhill Tunnel is a railway tunnel passing under the eastern area of Redhill in Surrey, Great Britain. It is on the 'Quarry Line' section of the Brighton Main Line and was constructed in 1899. The tunnel is 502 yards (459 m) in length but abuts on to a covered way under the Redhill to Tonbridge Line and Redhill sidings, giving a total length of 649 yards (593 m). There is another Redhill Tunnel on the Midland Main Line south of Trent Junction.

Redhill, Surrey
Redhill (/ˈrɛdhɪl/) is a town in the borough of Reigate and Banstead within the county of Surrey, England. The town, which adjoins the town of Reigate to the west, is due south of Croydon in Greater London, and is part of the London commuter belt. The town is also the post town, entertainment and commercial area of three adjoining communities : Earlswood, Merstham and Whitebushes, as well as of two small rural villages to the east in the Tandridge District, Bletchingley and Nutfield.

The town is situated on the junction of the north–south A23 (London to Brighton) road, and the east–west A25 road which runs from Guildford through to Sevenoaks. It is also on the railway junction, served by Redhill railway station, of the Brighton Main Line, North-Downs line, and Redhill-Tonbridge line.
Joseph von Quarin
Joseph von Quarin (November 19, 1733 – March 19, 1814) was an Austrian physician born in Vienna.

At the age of 15, he obtained his PhD in Vienna, followed by studies of medicine at the University of Freiburg. In 1751 he received his medical doctorate, afterwards returning to Vienna, where in 1754 he attained the title of professor. At Vienna he gave lectures in anatomy and pharmacology, and on six occasions, he served as university rector. Among his medical students was Samuel Hahnemann, who later founded a system of therapeutics known as homeopathy.

In 1758 he was appointed to the Imperial Council as a medical officer by Maria Theresa. In 1784 he was chosen director of the Allgemeines Krankenhaus in Vienna by Joseph II. He is credited for developing the hospital into a model European institution. Also, through his initiative, a Findelhaus (foundling hospital) was established in 1788.

University and State Library Düsseldorf
The University and State Library Düsseldorf (German: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Düsseldorf, abbreviated ULB Düsseldorf) is a central service institution of Heinrich Heine University. Along with Bonn and Münster, it is also one of the three State Libraries of North Rhine-Westphalia.
Fomenko
Fomenko is a (Cyrillic: Фоменко) is a Russian-language surname that corresponds to the Ukrainian surname Khomenko (Cyrillic: Хоменко) derived from the given name Khoma, or Thomas.  The Russian form is derived from the corresponding name Foma (Russian: Фома).

Notable people with this surname include:

Anatoly Fomenko (born 1945), Russian mathematician and topologist, known for his work on historical revisionism

Arturas Fomenko (born 1977), Lithuanian football player

Mykhailo Fomenko (1948–2024), Ukrainian football coach and former player

Nikolai Fomenko (born 1962), Russian rock musician and motor racer

Pavel Fomenko (born 1976), Russian high jumper

Sergey Fomenko (1902–1991), Soviet general

Serhiy Fomenko, Ukrainian singer

Yuliya Fomenko (born 1981), Russian backstroke swimmer

Sergey Fomenko
Sergey Stepanovich Fomenko (7 October 1902 – 28 October 1991) was a Soviet Army general-leytenant who held field army command during World War II.

A veteran of the Russian Civil War, Fomenko rose through command and staff positions in the interwar Red Army and was deputy commander of the Transbaikal Military District when Germany invaded the Soviet Union. Fomenko remained in the Transbaikal region during the war, commanding the 36th Army. He led an operational group of the army while serving as army deputy commander during the Soviet invasion of Manchuria. Postwar, Fomenko continued to hold senior positions, ending his career as first deputy commander of the Northern Group of Forces in the late 1950s.
Collins & Aikman
Collins & Aikman Corporation was an automotive manufacturer of cockpit modules and automotive floor and acoustic systems and a supplier of instrument panels, automotive fabric, plastic based trim and convertible top systems. The Company's operations spanned 15 countries, incorporating about 120 facilities and approximately 25,000 employees. It entered Chapter 11 bankruptcy on May 17, 2005  and went out of business on October 12, 2007.

Convertible
A convertible or cabriolet (/ˌkæbrioʊˈleɪ/) is a passenger car that can be driven with or without a roof in place. The methods of retracting and storing the roof vary across eras and manufacturers.

A convertible car's design allows an open-air driving experience, with the ability to provide a roof when required. A potential drawback of convertibles is their reduced structural rigidity (requiring significant engineering and modification to counteract the side effects of almost completely removing a car's roof).

The majority of convertible roofs are of a folding construction framework with the actual top made from cloth or other fabric. Other types of convertible roofs include retractable hardtops (often constructed from metal or plastic) and detachable hardtops (where a metal or plastic roof is manually removed and often stored in the trunk).
Bettoni
Bettoni is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Count Lorenzo Bettoni ennobled in 1684 in Venice, Italy

Count Francesco Bettoni Cazzago (1835–1898), writer and professor at the University of Padua, Italy.

Count Federico Bettoni Cazzago (1865–1923), President of the Italian Red Cross

Count Alessandro Bettoni Cazaggo (1892–1951), a rider and military career, in part in Olympic Games of London in 1948

David Bettoni (born 1971), French former footballer and coach

Dimitri Bettoni (born 1979), Belgian-Italian Captain of Industry

Eduardo Bettoni (born 1990), Brazilian judoka

Harrison Bettoni (born 2007), English footballer

Patrick Bettoni (born 1975), Swiss–Italian footballer

Samuele Bettoni (born 1989), Italian footballer

Vincenzo Bettoni (1881–1954), Italian opera singer

Vincenzo Bettoni
Vincenzo Bettoni (1 July 1881, Melegnano – 4 November 1954, Milan) was an Italian operatic bass who performed internationally from 1902 to 1950. He was a resident artist at La Scala in Milan from 1926 to 1940, and afterwards continued to appear periodically as a guest artist at that house through 1950. Other opera houses he sang with during his career included the Liceu in Barcelona, the Royal Opera House in London, the Teatro Colón in Buenos Aires, the Teatro di San Carlo in Naples, the Teatro Regio in Turin, the Vienna State Opera, and the Zürich Opera among others.

Vincenzo Bettoni in The Fair at Sorochyntsi, Teatro alla Scala, Milan (autographed photo).

Vincenzo Bettoni in L'italiana in Algeri, Teatro alla Scala (photo with dedication).

Vincenzo Bettoni in Mârouf, Teatro alla Scala, 1938-1939.
Drew Crevello
Drew Crevello is a writer and former film studio executive known for his work with Fox and Warner Bros. studios.

As a vice president of film production at Fox, Crevello developed films such as Deadpool and X-Men: First Class.

In 2019, Crevello sold sci-fi pilot script The Long Dark with Scott Free Productions attached to produce and Ridley Scott attached to direct. He co-created and co-wrote the miniseries WeCrashed starring Jared Leto and Anne Hathaway in 2022.

Crevello's long-time girlfriend is screenwriter Katie Dippold.

Scott Free Productions
Scott Free Productions is a British-American film and television production company founded by English filmmakers and brothers Ridley and Tony Scott in 1995. The result of multiple mergers between companies established by the Scott brothers since 1971, it currently has offices in London and Los Angeles.

The company has produced films such as G.I. Jane (1997), Enemy of the State (1998), Gladiator (2000), Black Hawk Down (2001), Hannibal (2001), Matchstick Men (2003), Man on Fire (2004), Kingdom of Heaven (2005), American Gangster (2007), Prometheus (2012), Blade Runner 2049 (2017), House of Gucci (2021), Alien: Romulus (2024), and Gladiator II (2024), as well as television series such as The Good Wife (2009–2016).