hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Johnson Lake National Wildlife Refuge
Johnson Lake National Wildlife Refuge is located in the U.S. state of North Dakota. The Refuge was established by Executive Order 8122, signed on May 10, 1939 by President Franklin D. Roosevelt to be set aside as "a refuge and breeding grounds for migratory birds and other wildlife."

Johnson Lake National Wildlife Refuge is a part of the Arrowwood National Wildlife Refuge Complex, and is managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The refuge is privately owned under a conservation easement which allows the U.S. Government to enforce federal laws regarding refuge protection statutes. The refuge is not open to the public, but nearby roads permit some wildlife viewing from a distance.

More than a dozen species of ducks and wading birds have been documented. The most interesting waterfowl usually seen include the Canada geese, snow geese, tundra swans.

Mammals such as white-tailed deer are common, especially in the winter.

Snow goose
The snow goose (Anser caerulescens) is a species of goose native to North America. Both white and dark morphs exist, the latter often known as blue goose. Its name derives from the typically white plumage. The species was previously placed in the genus Chen, but is now typically included in the "gray goose" genus Anser.

Snow geese breed north of the timberline in Greenland, Canada, Alaska, and the northeastern tip of Siberia, and spend winters in warm parts of North America from southwestern British Columbia through parts of the United States to Mexico.
Haijian 66
Haijian 66 (Chinese: 海监66) is a China Marine Surveillance (CMS) ship in the East China Sea Fleet . She is one of the fastest CMS ships in the second building plan. In February 2012, Haijian 66 obstructed Japanese survey vessel Syoyo (HL-01) in disputed waters near Okinawa.

CMS ships of the same class, 1,000t-class Type-II, include Haijian 75.

Haijian 66 was renamed CCG-2166 in July 2013.

China Marine Surveillance
China Marine Surveillance (CMS; Chinese: 中国海监; pinyin: Zhōngguó Hǎijiān) was a maritime surveillance agency of China.

Patrol vessels from China Marine Surveillance were commonly deployed to locations in the South China Sea and East China Sea where China has territorial disputes over islands with its neighbors. The CMS has played a central role in China's in defending Chinese territories in the South China Sea, encountering opposition from Japan, the Philippines and Vietnam in the disputed territories, as China.

Unlike its successor, the China Coast Guard, the CMS was unarmed.

The agency has been disbanded in July 2013 and has now been merged, along with three other similar agencies, with the China Coast Guard.

Local CMS units (Provincial, Municipal and County level) still exist to this day.
Canonchet, Rhode Island
Canonchet (cuh-NON-chet) is a small village in the town of Hopkinton in the U.S. state of Rhode Island.

The hamlet developed as a mill village in the nineteenth century, generally centered on a mile segment of Canonchet Road.  It was previously called Asheville (or Ashville).  The "Canonchet Village Historic District" includes the main stretch of the community on Canonchet Road.  The community is located due northeast of the center of Hopkinton and both Interstate 95 and Rhode Island Route 3 run through it. Interstate 95's Exit 2 is located in Canonchet.  Canonchet is also the name of a Narragansett sachem in the area who was executed during King Philip's War.

Data from the 1920 U.S. Census listed the village's population as 124.

Rhode Island Route 3
Route 3 is a 30.1-mile-long (48.4 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Rhode Island. Route 3 serves as a local alternative to Interstate 95 (I-95) as it parallels I-95 for almost its entire length. Route 3 in West Warwick was the site of The Station nightclub fire.
Darren Lehto
Darren Lehto (born May 17, 1968) is a Canadian-American curler from Athabasca, Alberta.

He won the 2013 United States Men's Curling Championship, earning the chance to compete at the 2013 World Men's Championship in Victoria, British Columbia. They finished ninth at World's.

At the national level Lehto has also won the  2005 United States Mixed Curling Championship and the 2020 United States Senior Curling Championship. The latter means he will again play on the world level, representing the United States at the 2020 World Senior Curling Championships in Kelowna, British Columbia in April, 2020.

2020 World Senior Curling Championships
The 2020 World Senior Curling Championships was scheduled to be held from April 18 to 25 in Kelowna, Canada. On March 14, 2020 the event was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The event was scheduled to be held in conjunction with the 2020 World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship.
Dean Budnick
Dean Budnick is an American writer, filmmaker, college professor, podcast creator and radio host who focuses on music, film and popular culture. Budnick, who is editor-in-chief of Relix, grew up in East Greenwich, Rhode Island.

The String Cheese Incident
The String Cheese Incident (SCI) is an American jam band from Crested Butte and Telluride, Colorado, formed in 1993. The band is composed of Michael Kang (acoustic/electric mandolin, electric guitar, and violin), Michael Travis (drums and percussion), Bill Nershi (acoustic guitar, lap steel guitar, and electric slide guitar), Kyle Hollingsworth (piano, organ, Rhodes, and accordion), and Keith Moseley (bass guitar), and, since 2004, Jason Hann (auxiliary percussion).

Their music has elements of bluegrass sounds, as well as rock, electronica, calypso, country, funk, jazz, Latin, progressive rock, reggae, and psychedelia. All members write original compositions and sing.
The Revolution and the French Establishments in India
The Revolution and the French Establishments in India (1790 - 1793) (2019) is a historical book edited by Indian writer Arghya Bose and co-translated by Arghya Bose and Sandhia Vasseur. It recounts the tumultuous events that closely followed in the French colonies of Pondicherry, Chandannagar, Mahé, Karaikal, and Yanaon after the French Revolution in metropolitan France.

Karaikal
Karaikal (/ˈkɑːraɪkʌl/, Tamil: [kaːɾɐi̯kːaːl], French: Karikal /kaʁikal/) is a port city of the Indian Union Territory of Puducherry. It is the administrative headquarters of the Karaikal District and the second most populated town in the Union Territory after Pondicherry. Located on the Coromandel Coast of Bay of Bengal in South India, it is situated at the center of a coastal enclave surrounded by the state of Tamil Nadu and its Cauvery delta districts (Mayiladuthurai, Tiruvarur and Nagapattinam).
Shyshkivtsi, Lviv Oblast
Shyshkivtsi (Ukrainian: Шишківці) is a village (selo) in Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast, in western Ukraine. It belongs to Pidkamin settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.

From 1918 to 1939 the village was in Tarnopol Voivodeship in Poland.

Until 18 July 2020, Shyshkivtsi belonged to Brody Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Lviv Oblast to seven. The area of Brody Raion was merged into Zolochiv Raion.

Zolochiv Raion
Zolochiv Raion (Ukrainian: Золочівський район) is a raion (district) in Lviv Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Zolochiv. Population: 158,943 (2022 estimate).

It was established in 1939.

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Lviv Oblast was reduced to seven, and the area of Zolochiv Raion was significantly expanded. Two abolished raions, Brody and Busk Raions, were merged into Zolochiv Raion. At the same time, part of Zolochiv Raion was transferred to Lviv Raion. The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 68,394 (2020 est.).
Vicarious nucleophilic substitution
In organic chemistry, the vicarious nucleophilic substitution is a special type of nucleophilic aromatic substitution in which a nucleophile replaces a hydrogen atom on the aromatic ring and not leaving groups such as halogen substituents which are ordinarily encountered in SNAr. This reaction type was reviewed in 1987 by Polish chemists Mieczysław Mąkosza and Jerzy Winiarski.

It is typically encountered with nitroarenes and especially with nucleophiles, resulting in alkylated arenes: the new substituent can take the ortho or para positions, reversing the selectivity for the meta position that is usually observed with such compounds under electrophilic substitution. Carbon nucleophiles carry an electron-withdrawing group and a leaving group: the nucleophile attacks the aromatic ring, and excess base can eliminate to form an exocyclic double bond which is successively protonated under acidic conditions, restoring aromaticity.

Elimination reaction
An elimination reaction is a type of organic reaction in which two substituents are removed from a molecule in either a one- or two-step mechanism. The one-step mechanism is known as the E2 reaction, and the two-step mechanism is known as the E1 reaction.  The numbers refer not to the number of steps in the mechanism, but rather to the kinetics of the reaction: E2 is bimolecular (second-order) while E1 is unimolecular (first-order). In cases where the molecule is able to stabilize an anion but possesses a poor leaving group, a third type of reaction, E1CB,  exists.  Finally, the pyrolysis of xanthate and acetate esters proceed through an "internal" elimination mechanism, the Ei mechanism.
Eidskyrkja
Eidskyrkja is a mountain in Volda Municipality in Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. The mountain is located about 5.5 kilometres (3.4 mi) south of the Austefjorden and the village of Fyrde and about 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) northwest of the village of Grodås.

The 1,482-metre (4,862 ft) mountain is part of the Sunnmørsalpene range and it has a prominence of 1,039 metres (3,409 ft).

Møre og Romsdal
Møre og Romsdal (Urban East Norwegian: [ˈmø̂ːrə ɔ ˈrʊ̀msdɑːɫ] ⓘ; English: Møre and Romsdal) is a county in the northernmost part of Western Norway. It borders the counties of Trøndelag, Innlandet, and Vestland. The county administration is located in the town of Molde, while Ålesund is the largest town. The county is governed by the Møre og Romsdal County Municipality which includes an elected county council and a county mayor. The national government is represented by the county governor.
Saint Elizabeths Hospital East and West Cemeteries
St. Elizabeths Hospital East and West Cemeteries are two historic cemeteries located on the grounds of St. Elizabeths Hospital.

The West cemetery has burials from the Civil War and hospital patients. Most of the veterans buried in the cemetery, on the West Campus, were patients of the hospital and not casualties of the war. A burial ledger of hospital patients between 1917 and 1983 was transcribed and published in 2008.

On the East Campus is the John Howard Cemetery. This cemetery has burials of veterans of multiple conflicts including the Civil War, Spanish–American War, World Wars I and II, a lone veteran of the War of 1812, and a Black Seminole Scout from the Seminole War.

Access to the cemeteries today is controlled by the General Services Administration with only authorized persons allowed.

Black Seminole Scouts
Black Seminole Scouts, also known as the Seminole Negro - Indian Scouts, or Seminole Scouts, were employed by the United States Army between 1870 and 1914. The unit included both Black Seminoles and some native Seminoles. However, because most of the Seminole scouts were of African descent, they were often attached to the Buffalo Soldier regiments, to guide the troops through hostile territory. The majority of their service was in the 1870s, in which they played a significant role in ending the Texas-Indian Wars.
Little Gold Creek
Little Gold Creek is a border crossing located on the Top of the World Highway between Dawson City, Yukon and Chicken, Alaska, at the Alaska/Yukon border. The border post at Poker Creek–Little Gold Creek Border Crossing is shared by Canadian and American border services.

Chicken, Alaska
Chicken is a U.S. census-designated place in Southeast Fairbanks Census Area, Alaska. It is a community founded on gold mining, and is one of the few surviving gold rush towns in Alaska. The population was 12 at the time of the 2020 census, up from 7 in 2010. Due to mining, Chicken's population peaks during the summer. It has frequently been noted on lists of unusual place names.
2016 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The 2016 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship was the GAA's premier inter-county gaelic football competition for under 18's. 32 teams took part.

The winners receive the Tom Markham Cup.

The defending champions were Kerry who defeated Tipperary in the 2015 final.

Kerry beat Galway 3-07 to 0-09 in the final on 18 September 2016 for their third consecutive championship.

All-Ireland Minor Football Championship
The Electric Ireland All-Ireland Minor Football Championship is the premier under-17 "knockout" competition in Gaelic football played in Ireland. 2017 was the final year of the minor under 18 football championship as it was replaced by an under 17 championship following a vote at the GAA congress on 26 February 2016.

The series of games is organised by the Gaelic Athletic Association and is played during the summer months with the All-Ireland Minor Football Final being played on the third Sunday in September in Croke Park, Dublin as the curtain-raiser to the senior final.

The winners received the Tom Markham Cup, which is named in honour of former Clare figure Tom Markham.
John Priaulx
The Venerable John Priaulx, D.D. was an Anglican priest in England during the  17th century.

Priaulx was educated at Merton College, Oxford. He held the livings at Fovant, Long Newnton and Berwick St John, all (at that time) in Wiltshire. He was Archdeacon of Sarum from 1671 until his death on 2 June 1674.

Long Newnton
Long Newnton is a small village and civil parish in Gloucestershire, England (historically in Wiltshire), lying on the B4014 road between Malmesbury (2 km NW) and Tetbury (5 km S). It is near the SW end of the Cotswolds. The population of the parish was 211 at the 2011 census.
Aztecaster
Aztecaster is a genus of Mexican flowering plants in the family Asteraceae.

Species

Aztecaster matudae (Rzed.) G.L.Nesom - Nuevo León, Coahuila, Zacatecas, San Luis Potosí

Aztecaster pyramidatus (B.L.Rob. & Greenm.) G.L.Nesom - Oaxaca

San Luis Potosí
San Luis Potosí, officially the Free and Sovereign State of San Luis Potosí, is one of the 32 states which compose the Federal Entities of Mexico. It is divided in 59 municipalities and is named after its capital city, San Luis Potosí.

It is located in eastern and central Mexico and is bordered by seven other Mexican states: Nuevo León to the north; Tamaulipas to the north-east; Veracruz to the east; Hidalgo, Querétaro and Guanajuato to the south; and Zacatecas to the north-west. In addition to the capital city, other major cities in the state include Ciudad Valles, Matehuala, Rioverde, and Tamazunchale.
2004–05 Harty Cup
The 2004–05 Harty Cup was the 85th staging of the Harty Cup since its establishment in hurling by the Munster Council of Gaelic Athletic Association in 1918.

St Flannan's College were the defending champions.

The final was played on 12 March 2005 at MacDonagh Park in Nenagh, between St Flannan's College and Thurles CBS, in what was their fourth meeting in the final overall. St Flannan's College won the match by 1–11 to 1–06 to claim their 21st Harty Cup title overall and a second consecutive title.

CBS Thurles
CBS Thurles is a Christian Brothers all-boys post-primary school located in Thurles, County Tipperary, Ireland. The school has over 550 students and operates under the trusteeship of Edmund Rice Schools Trust (ERST).
SS Red Jacket
A number of steamships were named Red Jacket.

SS Red Jacket (1918), laid down as Red Jacket, launched as Quistconck

SS Red Jacket (1919), laid down as Red Jacket, launched as Inspector

See also

Red Jacket (clipper)

SS Quistconck
Quistconck was a 5,144 GRT Design 1022 Hog Islander that was laid down as Red Jacket in 1918 by the Stone & Webster subsidiary American International Shipbuilding Corp., Hog Island, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States for the United States Shipping Board (USSB). Launched as Quistconck, she was sold to Lykes Brothers - Ripley Steamship Co Inc in 1933. In 1941, she was passed to the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) and renamed Empire Falcon. She was sold into merchant service in 1946 and renamed Barnby. A sale to a Panamanian company saw her renamed Mariandrea. She served until 1953, when she was scrapped.
Wesorts
Wesorts (also We-Sorts), also known as "Brandywine people" or "Brandywine deme", is a name for a mixed-race group of free Black descent in Maryland, some of whom claim to be descended from the Piscataway people.
The term is regarded as derogatory and a pejorative
by some. Wesorts prefer being called Brandywine people, a name that references the Prince George's and Charles County line where the majority of the group have historically resided. Historian Frank Sweet lists "Wesorts" as among a group of "derogatory epithets given by mainstream society, not self-labels". "Wesort" was listed as a self-identified "Other race" on the 2000 United States census. Many individuals with the surnames Proctor, Swann, Savoy, Newman, Harley, Butler and Thompson comprise the group, documented to be descending from free Black progenitors.

Free Negro
In the British colonies in North America and in the United States before the abolition of slavery in 1865 free Negro, free Black, and free Colored described the legal status of African Americans who were not enslaved. The term was applied both to formerly enslaved people (freedmen) and to those who had been born free (free people of color), whether of African or mixed descent.
Water-Ma-Trout
Water-Ma-Trout is a road and an industrial estate on the northern edge of Helston in west Cornwall, England.

Theories about its name are:

That its name started as Cornish dialect English for "wet my throat", here used as a name for a dry field.

Earlier: that this name is a corruption of "waterman route", due to it being near the water supply towards one of the sources of the River Cober.

That the name derives from a corruption of Welter-ma (from "wheal" and "man") and "Trout", the name of the miner.

Helston
Helston (Cornish: Hellys) is a town and civil parish in Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. It is situated at the northern end of the Lizard Peninsula approximately 12 miles (19 km) east of Penzance and 9 miles (14 km) south-west of Falmouth. Helston is the most southerly town on the island of Great Britain and is around 1+1⁄2 miles (2.5 kilometres) farther south than Penzance. At the 2021 census the population of the parish was 11,611 and the population of the built up area was 11,360.

The former stannary and cattle market town is best known for the annual Furry Dance (known locally as the Flora Dance), said to originate from the medieval period. However, the Hal-an-Tow is reputed to be of Celtic origin. The associated song and music, The Floral Dance, is known to have been written in 1911. In 2001, the town celebrated the 800th anniversary of the granting of its Charter.
Fred Hall (footballer, born 1924)
Frederick Hall (24 November 1924 – April 2006) was an English professional footballer who played in the Football League for Birmingham City. In later life he was President of the Huntingdonshire Football Association.

Hall was born in Worksop, Nottinghamshire. He was working as a coal miner when he signed for Birmingham City in March 1947. A centre forward, Hall scored on his debut in the Second Division on 5 April 1947 in a 2–1 home win against Fulham, and kept his place for the next two games. Not selected again until November 1949, when he also scored, he went on to play for Southern League club Bedford Town and Eynesbury Rovers of the Eastern Counties League.

Hall later managed Eynesbury as well as Huntingdonshire County representative sides. He became a member of the Huntingdonshire Football Association, and was appointed its president in 1991. He died in 2006 after a long illness at the age of 81.

Huntingdonshire
Huntingdonshire (/ˈhʌntɪŋdənʃər, -ʃɪər/; abbreviated Hunts) is a local government district in Cambridgeshire, England. 
The district had a population of 180,800 at the 2021 census, and has an area of 354.3 square miles (918 km2). The largest towns are St Neots (33,410), Huntingdon (25,428), and St Ives (16,815). The district council is based in Huntingdon.

Historically a county in its own right, Huntingdonshire's boundaries were established in the Anglo-Saxon era. Huntingdonshire became an administrative county in 1889. In 1965, it was merged with the Soke of Peterborough to form Huntingdon and Peterborough, which was in turn merged with Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely in 1974 to form Cambridgeshire, of which Huntingdonshire is now a district.
Betty Buehler
Maria Elizabeth Buehler de Lutz (December 10, 1921 – July 6, 2012) was an American film actress.

Buehler was from Gloversville, New York, the daughter of Gustave Buehler, a baker and German immigrant. She attended Fort Plain High School, Fort Plain, New York, and graduated from Columbia University with a BA degree.

Buehler's professional stage debut came with the Washington Square Players in Hamlet.

Her work on television led to her having a film contract. Max Arnow, a talent scout for Columbia, saw her on TV and arranged a screen test, after which she had a long-term contract with Columbia. She made her film debut in the noir crime thriller The Mob (1951) alongside Broderick Crawford. She had an uncredited part in the 1953 film Taxi and then disappeared from the film industry.

Broderick Crawford
William Broderick Crawford (December 9, 1911 – April 26, 1986) was an American actor. He is best known for his portrayal of Willie Stark in the film All the King's Men (1949), which earned him an Academy Award and a Golden Globe Award. Often cast in tough-guy or slob roles, he later achieved recognition for his starring role as Dan Mathews in the crime television series Highway Patrol (1955–1959).
David Roseberry
David Roseberry (born May 27, 1955) is an American Anglican priest and author. As rector of Christ Church in Plano, Texas—one of the largest churches in the Episcopal Church before it disaffiliated in 2006—he was a key figure in the Anglican realignment in the United States and in the founding and growth of the Anglican Church in North America.

Plano, Texas
Plano (/ˈpleɪnoʊ/ PLAY-noh; Spanish for 'flat surface') is a city in the U.S. state of Texas, where it is the largest city in Collin County. A small portion of Plano is located in Denton County. Plano is one of the principal suburbs of the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. With a population of 285,494 at the 2020 census, it is the ninth most-populous city in Texas, and, respectively, the 73rd most populous city in the United States.

Plano serves as an important hub of the economy of Dallas. It is home to the headquarters of Frito-Lay, JCPenney, Pizza Hut, and Toyota Motor North America.
Flag of Cuba
The national flag of Cuba, also known as the Flag of the Lone Star (Spanish: Bandera de la Estrella Solitaria), consists of five alternating stripes (three navy blue and two white) and a cherry red chevron at the hoist, within which is a white five-pointed star. It was designed in 1849 and officially adopted May 20, 1902. The flag is referred to as the Estrella Solitaria, or the Lone Star flag. Vexillologist Alfred Znamierowski assigns the flag to his Stars and Stripes flag family.

Alfred Znamierowski
Alfred Znamierowski (21 June 1940 – 23 October 2019) was a Polish vexillologist, heraldist, illustrator, and journalist. During his career he published several books and designed hundreds of coats of arms, flags, banners and seals for over 200 different municipalities and institutions.