hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Outline of New Jersey
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the U.S. state of New Jersey:

New Jersey – U.S. state on the East coast of the United States, and the most densely populated state in the U.S.  It was one of the original Thirteen Colonies that declared their independence in the American Revolution and formed the United States of America.  It was named after the largest of the British Channel Islands, Jersey.

West Jersey
West Jersey and East Jersey were two distinct parts of the Province of New Jersey. The political division existed for 28 years, between 1674 and 1702. Determination of an exact location for a border between West Jersey and East Jersey was often a matter of dispute.
Taukeer Alam
Taukeer Alam Lodha is an Indian nature conservationist, writer, community educator and birder from Uttarakhand. He has documented the traditional knowledge of the Van Gujjar people from the Sivalik Hills region, authoring three books and translating over 170 children's books in his native language, Van Gujjari. He has established community-based education from displaced Van Gujjar families and worked with the state forest department to educate over 4,000 students on environmental protection. He is a 2022 Inlaks Shivdasani Fellow, a Sanctuary Asia awardee and a Samvaad Fellow.

Sivalik Hills
The Sivalik Hills, also known as Churia Hills, are a mountain range of the outer Himalayas.
The literal translation of "Sivalik" is 'tresses of Shiva'. The hills are known for their numerous fossils, and are also home to the Soanian Middle Paleolithic archaeological culture.
Krembo
Krembo, also called crembo or creambo (a contraction meaning literally "Cream-in-it" in Hebrew (קרמבו)), is a chocolate-coated marshmallow treat that is popular in Israel. "Krembo whipped snack" consists of a round biscuit base (17% of total weight), topped with fluffy marshmallow creme-like foam (53%), coated in a thin layer of cemacao (dairy-free, sweet baking chocolate, about 30% of total) and wrapped in colourful, thin aluminum foil.

Baking chocolate
Baking chocolate, or cooking chocolate, is chocolate intended to be used for baking and in sweet foods that may or may not be sweetened. Dark chocolate, milk chocolate, and white chocolate are produced and marketed as baking chocolate. However, lower quality baking chocolate may not be as flavorful compared to higher-quality chocolate, and may have a different mouthfeel.
Ingvald Conrad Thoresen
Ingwald Conrad Thoresen (May 2, 1852 – April 15, 1938) was a Norwegian-born American educator, surveyor, justice, lawyer and politician. He served as a territorial legislator at the Utah Constitutional Conventions of 1882, 1887, and 1895. He also served as a member of the Utah House of Representatives from 1898 to 1900.

Utah House of Representatives
The Utah House of Representatives is the lower house of the Utah State Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Utah. The House is composed of 75 representatives elected from single member constituent districts. Each district contains an average population of 44,000 people. Members of the House are elected to two-year terms without term limits. The House convenes at the Utah State Capitol in Salt Lake City.
A Very Loud Death
A Very Loud Death (sometimes abbreviated as AVLD) is a three-piece American rock band formed in 2015, in Atlanta, Georgia, United States. The band consists of founding members Chris Edge (guitar, vocals), Bryan Peel (bass, effects, backing vocals), and recent member Cole O'Neil Robertson (drums, percussion).

Formed after the end of Chris' and Bryan's previous band, SIN, A Very Loud Death developed a style of conceptual, story telling post-alternative, noise rock music which uses a variety of influences such as jazz, grunge, classical, heavy rock, pop vocals, post-rock, progressive-rock, post-punk, jam band, traditional, and ambient music.

Noise rock
Noise rock is a subgenre of rock music that originally emerged in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Artists fuse rock music to noise, while utilizing extreme levels of guitar distortion and feedback, primarily through the use of electric guitars.
Katina (orca)
Katina (c. 1975 – December 20, 2025) was a female orca who lived at SeaWorld Orlando in Florida. She was captured off Iceland at approximately three years of age on 26 October 1978. She was the most successful breeding female orca in captivity. SeaWorld Orlando celebrated her birthday on June 1 every year.

SeaWorld Orlando
SeaWorld Orlando is an animal theme park located just outside Orlando, Florida. Although separately gated, it is often promoted with neighboring parks Discovery Cove and Aquatica as well as Busch Gardens Tampa Bay, all of which are owned and operated by United Parks & Resorts. In 2022, SeaWorld Orlando hosted an estimated 4.45 million guests, ranking it the 10th most visited amusement park in the United States. SeaWorld Orlando is also featured in the 1983 film Jaws 3-D.
Kall Ab Chenar
Kall Ab Chenar (Persian: كل ابچنار, also Romanized as Kall Āb Chenār) is a village in Milas Rural District, in the Central District of Lordegan County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 55, in 11 families.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province
Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province (Persian: استان چهارمحال و بختیاری) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Shahr-e Kord. The province lies in the southwest of the country, with an area of 16,332 square kilometers.

The province was classified as part of Region 2 upon the division of the provinces into 5 regions solely for coordination and development purposes on June 22, 2014.

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province lies in the heart of the Zagros Mountains, a mountain range that stretches across north-western Iran and forms a natural barrier between Iran and Iraq.
1992 African Cup of Nations final
The 1992 African Cup of Nations final was a football match that took place on 26 January 1992, at the Stade de l'Amitié in Dakar, Senegal, to determine the winner of the 1992 African Cup of Nations. Ivory Coast defeated Ghana 11–10 on penalties after a goalless draw to win their first African Cup.

The penalty shootout was the first time that every player on the field took a penalty in a major international final. This would be repeated when the two teams met in the 2015 final in another Ivorian victory.

Abedi Pele, who was the African Footballer of the Year and the tournament's best player, was suspended and did not play for Ghana.

African Footballer of the Year
The African Footballer of the Year award, presented annually to the best African footballer, has been conferred by the Confederation of African Football (CAF) since 1992. It has been included as part of the CAF Awards ceremony since 2000.

Samuel Eto'o and Yaya Touré have won the award the most times (four wins each). Two-time winner Didier Drogba is the player with the most runner-up appearances (four), most third place finishes (third), and most appearances in the top three (nine).

The France-born Frédéric Kanouté, Riyad Mahrez and Pierre-Emerick Aubameyang, England-born Ademola Lookman and Spain-born Achraf Hakimi are the only European-born players to win the award (both Kanouté and Aubameyang initially featured for France's U21 squad before going on to represent Mali and Gabon, respectively). The winner of the 2025 edition was Achraf Hakimi.
Umberto Bosco
Umberto Bosco (2 October 1900, in Catanzaro – 24 March 1987, in Rome) was an Italian literary historian and literary critic. A graduate of the Sapienza University of Rome, he served as editor-in-chief of the Treccani encyclopaedia, and was a professor at the University of Milan. A member of the Accademia della Crusca, he was made a Grand Officer of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic in 1976.

Order of Merit of the Italian Republic
The Order of Merit of the Italian Republic (Italian: Ordine al merito della Repubblica Italiana) is the most senior Italian order of merit. It was established in 1951 by the second president of the Italian Republic, Luigi Einaudi.

The highest-ranking honour of the Republic, it is awarded for "merit acquired by the nation" in the fields of science, literature, arts, economy, public service, and social, philanthropic and humanitarian activities and for long and conspicuous service in civilian and military careers.

The order effectively replaced national orders such as the Civil Order of Savoy (1831), the Order of the Crown of Italy (1868), the Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus (1572) and the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation (1362).
Lazarous Chungu
Lazarous Bwalya Chungu (born 25 October 1966) is a Zambian politician and accountant who served as the Member of Parliament for Lupososhi Constituency from 2011 to 2021. He is a member of the Patriotic Front (PF).

Patriotic Front (Zambia)
The Patriotic Front (PF) is a political party in Zambia, founded in 2001 by Michael Sata. It emerged as a breakaway party from the Movement for Multiparty Democracy (MMD) after Sata was not selected as the MMD's presidential candidate for the 2001 elections. The PF is primarily supported by the youth and the urban poor, and it gained significant political influence over time.

The party first came to power after winning the 2011 general elections, with Michael Sata winning the presidential election. After Sata's death in 2014, Edgar Lungu became the party's leader and won subsequent presidential elections in 2015 and 2016. However, in the 2021 elections, the PF lost power to the United Party for National Development (UPND) led by Hakainde Hichilema.

The PF is associated with social democracy and has been a member of the Socialist International as a consultative party. Its political position is considered centre-left.
Streptanthus brachiatus
Streptanthus brachiatus is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common name Socrates Mine jewelflower. It is endemic to the Inner North Coast Ranges of California north of the San Francisco Bay Area. It can be found in chaparral and woodland habitat, often on serpentine soils, in Sonoma, Lake, and Napa Counties. It is a biennial herb producing a branching stem up to about 60 centimeters in maximum height. There is a basal rosette of fleshy purple-green leaves around the base, each with a sharp-toothed, widely lance-shaped blade up to 4 centimeters long. Leaves higher on the stem vary in shape. Flowers occur at intervals along the upper stem. Each has an urn-shaped calyx of keeled yellowish or purplish sepals just under a centimeter long. White, purple, or purple-veined white petals emerge from the tip. The fruit is a thin, narrow silique which may be up to 6 centimeters in length.

Lake County, California
Lake County is a county located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 68,163. The county seat is Lakeport. The county takes its name from Clear Lake, the dominant geographic feature in the county and the largest non-extinct natural lake wholly within California. (Lake Tahoe is partially in Nevada; the Salton Sea was formed by flooding; Tulare Lake was drained by the agricultural industry.)

Lake County forms the Clearlake, California micropolitan statistical area. It is directly north of the San Francisco Bay Area.

Lake County is part of California's Wine Country, which also includes Napa, Sonoma, and Mendocino counties. It includes nine American Viticultural Areas and around 20 bonded wineries.
Zahra Fakhraai
Zahra Fakhraai is an Iranian-Canadian materials scientist who is a professor of chemistry at the University of Pennsylvania. Fakhraai does research focused on glass transition, nonlinear optics, nanoparticle plasmonics, and polymer physics. She studies the impact of nanoconfinement on the structure of materials. She was awarded the 2019 American Physical Society John H. Dillon Medal. Fakhraai was one of the researchers to start laying the ground work to better understand the optical properties of glass.

Optical properties
The optical properties of a material define how it interacts with light. The optical properties of matter are studied in optical physics (a subfield of optics) and applied in materials science. The optical properties of matter include:

Refractive index

Dispersion

Transmittance and Transmission coefficient

Absorption

Scattering

Turbidity

Reflectance and Reflectivity (reflection coefficient)

Albedo

Perceived color

Fluorescence

Phosphorescence

Photoluminescence

Optical bistability

Dichroism

Birefringence

Optical activity

Photosensitivity

A basic distinction is between isotropic materials, which exhibit the same properties regardless of the direction of the light, and anisotropic ones, which exhibit different properties when light passes through them in different directions.

The optical properties of matter can lead to a variety of interesting optical phenomena.
Skene Bay
Skene Bay is an Arctic waterway in the Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada. Located off southern Melville Island, the bay is an arm of Viscount Melville Sound.

It is named after Lieutenant Edward Monte Skene who served on Arctic expeditions with Sir John Ross in 1818, and with Sir William Edward Parry in 1819.

Viscount Melville Sound
Viscount Melville Sound, formerly Melville Sound, is an arm of the Arctic Ocean in the Kitikmeot Region, Nunavut and the Inuvik Region, Northwest Territories, Canada. Forming part of the Parry Channel, it separates Victoria Island and Prince of Wales Island from the Queen Elizabeth Islands. East of the sound, via Barrow Strait, lies Lancaster Sound, leading into Baffin Bay; westward lies the M'Clure Strait and the Arctic Ocean / Beaufort Sea. The sound is a part of the Northwest Passage.

In 1854, Edward Belcher abandoned his ship, HMS Resolute, in the sound while searching for Sir John Franklin and his lost expedition. In 1855 HMS Resolute was found drifting off Baffin Island, and was later ceremonially returned to Queen Victoria.
Environmental model city
An Environmental model city (環境モデル都市, Kankyō moderu toshi) is a municipality designated by the Japanese government to be a model for making large cuts in greenhouse gas emissions towards the realization of a low-carbon society.

Municipalities of Japan
Municipalities are a level of administration in Japan. The country has three levels of governments: national, prefectural, and municipal.

The nation is divided into 47 prefectures (within these, one metropolis, one regional prefecture, and two urban prefectures). Each prefecture consists of numerous municipalities, with 1,718 in total as of October 2018.

There are four types of municipalities in Japan: cities (市, shi), towns (町, chō), villages (村, son) and special wards of Tokyo (区, ku). In Japanese, this system is known as shikuchōson (市区町村), where each kanji in the word represents one of the four types of municipalities. In Tokyo, because the wards are at the center, the system is officially referred to as kushichōson (区市町村), with the wards first, and cities second.

Some designated cities also have further administrative subdivisions, also known as wards, but, unlike the special wards of Tokyo, these wards are not municipalities.
Santa Clara valley aquifer
The Santa Clara valley aquifer is a groundwater aquifer located in the southern San Francisco Bay Area. The geology of the Santa Clara valley aquifer consists of a complex stratigraphy of permeable and impermeable units. Management of aquifer resources is associated with the Santa Clara Valley Water District.

Stratigraphy
Stratigraphy is a branch of geology concerned with the study of rock layers (strata) and layering (stratification). It is primarily used in the study of sedimentary and layered volcanic rocks.
Stratigraphy has three related subfields: lithostratigraphy (lithologic stratigraphy), biostratigraphy (biologic stratigraphy), and chronostratigraphy (stratigraphy by age).

Several principles and laws come into play when using stratigraphy such as Principle of original horizontality, Law of superposition, Cross-cutting relationships, Principle of inclusions, Principle of faunal succession.
Pittsfield Senators
The Pittsfield Senators were a minor league baseball team that played from 1970 to 1975 in the Washington Senators minor league system. In 1972 when the Senators moved to Texas and became the Texas Rangers, Pittsfield changed its name to the Pittsfield Rangers (1972 to 1975).

They were located in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, played in the Double-A Eastern League. Their home ballpark was Wahconah Park.

The Rangers moved their Double-A affiliate to San Antonio of the Texas League in 1976 and were immediately replaced in Pittsfield by the Milwaukee Brewers, who renamed the team the Berkshire Brewers.

Wahconah Park
Wahconah Park is a city-owned baseball park located in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, and nestled in a working-class neighborhood. One of the last remaining ballparks in the United States with a wooden grandstand, it was constructed in 1919 and seats 4,500. Through the park's history, 201 different Pittsfield players went on to the Major Leagues, and 100 different Pittsfield players already had some Major League experience.  The park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

In the July 23, 1990, issue of Sports Illustrated, author Daniel Okrent raved about the park in his column entitled Just A Little Bit of Heaven – Pittsfield's Wahconah Park is Baseball as it Oughta Be.

In 2012, the stadium became the home field of the Pittsfield Suns, an expansion franchise of the Futures Collegiate Baseball League. The Suns did not play the 2024 season because of safety issues at Wahconah Park, and will again sit out the 2025 season.
McMillon
McMillon is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Billy McMillon (born 1971), American baseball player

Bobby McMillon (1951–2021), American musician

Donovan McMillon (born 2002), American football player

Doug McMillon (born 1966), American chief executive

John McMillon (born 1998), American baseball player

Joi McMillon, American film editor

Shellie McMillon (1936–1980), American basketball player

Todd McMillon (born 1974), American football player

Donovan McMillon
Donovan McMillon (born June 18, 2002) is an American professional football safety for the Cleveland Browns of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Florida Gators and Pittsburgh Panthers. He made the Browns' initial 53-man roster for the 2025 season.
Tyler Johnson (American football)
Tyler Johnson (born August 25, 1998) is an American professional football wide receiver for the New York Jets of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Minnesota Golden Gophers, and was selected by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the fifth round of the 2020 NFL draft. He also briefly played for the Houston Texans.

Minnesota Golden Gophers football
The Minnesota Golden Gophers football team represents the University of Minnesota in college football at the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision level. Founded in 1882, Minnesota has been a member of the Big Ten Conference since its inception in 1896 as the Western Conference. The Golden Gophers claim seven national championships, including four (1936, 1940, 1941, and 1960) from the major wire-services: AP Poll and/or Coaches' Poll.

Since 2009, the Golden Gophers have played all their home games at Huntington Bank Stadium in Minneapolis, Minnesota. The team is currently coached by P. J. Fleck.
Petrus Beukers
Petrus Bernardus Beukers (9 October 1899 in Amsterdam – 12 April 1981 in Schaijk) was a sailor from the Netherlands, who represented his native country at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Ostend, Belgium.

During the second race one of the marks was drifting and the race was abandoned. Since the organizers did not have the time to re-sail the race that week the two remaining races were rescheduled for 3 September of that year. Since both contenders were Dutch, the organizers requested the Dutch Olympic Committee to organize the race in The Netherlands.

With Arnoud van der Biesen as helmsman, Beukers took the silver over the combined series with the boat Boreas.

Ostend
Ostend (/ɒstˈɛnd/ ost-END; Dutch: Oostende [oːstˈɛndə] ⓘ West Flemish: Ostende; French: Ostende [ɔstɑ̃d] ⓘ; lit. 'East End') is a coastal city and municipality in the province of West Flanders in the Flemish Region of Belgium. It comprises the boroughs of Mariakerke, Raversijde, Stene and Zandvoorde, and the city of Ostend proper – the largest on the Belgian coast.
Archie C. Kuntze
Archie C. Kuntze (12 November 1920 – 14 December 1980) was a United States Navy Captain who served in conflicts from the 1940s through the 1960s, including as the Commander, Headquarters Support Activity Saigon during the early stages of the Vietnam War. In November 1966 he was court-martialled, but was only convicted of minor offenses which effectively ended his navy career.

Captain (United States O-6)
In the United States Navy, United States Coast Guard, United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps (USPHS Corps), and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps (NOAA Corps), captain is the senior-most commissioned officer rank below that of flag officer (i.e., admirals).  The equivalent rank is colonel in the United States Army, Air Force, Space Force, and Marine Corps.

Reflecting its nautical heritage, the term captain is used as a military title by officers of more junior rank who command a commissioned vessel of the Navy, Coast Guard, or National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) of patrol boat size or greater. Officers below O-6 who command aviation squadrons (typically O-5 commanders) usually use the less formal title "skipper".
Gladys Portugues
Gladys Portugues (born September 30, 1957) is an American former professional female bodybuilder and actress. As a bodybuilder, Gladys placed twice in the top 10 in the Ms. Olympia contest. Gladys is married to Belgian actor and martial artist Jean-Claude Van Damme.

Female bodybuilding
Female bodybuilding is the female component of competitive bodybuilding.  It began in the late 1970s, when women began to take part in bodybuilding competitions.

The most prestigious titles in female professional bodybuilding include the Ms. Olympia, Ms. Rising Phoenix and Masters Olympia.
Central Scotland (Scottish Parliament electoral region)
Central Scotland (Meadhan-Alba in Gaelic) is one of the eight electoral regions of the Scottish Parliament which were created in 1999. Nine of the parliament's 73 first past the post constituencies are sub-divisions of the region and it elects seven of the 56 additional-member Members of the Scottish Parliament (MSPs). Thus it elects a total of 16 MSPs.

As a result of the Second Periodic Review of Scottish Parliament Boundaries the region will be replaced by Central Scotland and Lothians West for the 2026 Scottish Parliament election.

Member of the Scottish Parliament
Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP; Scottish Gaelic: Ball Pàrlamaid na h-Alba, BPA; Scots: Memmer o the Scots Pairliament, MSP) is the title given to any one of the 129 individuals elected to serve in the Scottish Parliament.
Elijah Bashyazi
Elijah ben Moses Bashyazi of Adrianople or Elijah Bašyazi (in Hebrew: אליהו בן משה בן מנחם; c. 1420 in Adrianople – 1490 in Adrianople) was a Karaite Jewish hakham of the fifteenth century. After being instructed in the Karaite literature and theology of his father (Moses Bashyazi) and grandfather (Menahem Bashyazi), both learned hakhams of the Karaite community of Adrianople, Bashyazi went to Constantinople, where, under the direction of Mordecai Comtino, he studied rabbinical literature as well as mathematics, astronomy, and philosophy, in all of which he soon became most proficient.

Orestias
Orestias (Greek: Ὀρεστιάς), later refounded by Hadrian as Adrianople (Greek: Άδριανούπολις), was an ancient Greek settlement next to the Evros river in Thrace, near or at the site of present-day Edirne, and close to the current border between Turkey and Greece.