hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grunge (fashion)
Grunge fashion refers to the clothing, accessories and hairstyles of the grunge music genre. This subculture emerged in mid-1980s Seattle, and had reached wide popularity by the mid 1990s. Grunge fashion is characterized by durable or hardy thrift store clothing, often worn in a loose, androgynous manner to de-emphasize the silhouette. The style was popularized by music bands Alice in Chains, Nirvana, Soundgarden and Pearl Jam.

Charity shop
A charity shop is a retail establishment run by a charitable organization to raise money. Charity shops are a type of social enterprise. They sell mainly used goods such as clothing, books, collectibles, music albums, shoes, toys, and furniture donated by the public, and are often staffed by volunteers. Because the items for sale were obtained for free, and business costs are low, the items can be sold at competitive prices. After costs are paid, all remaining income from the sales is used in accord with the organization's stated charitable purpose. Costs include purchase and/or depreciation of fixtures (clothing racks, bookshelves, counters, etc.), operating costs (maintenance, municipal service fees, electricity, heat, telephone, limited advertising) and the building lease or mortgage.

Shopping can be done in a physical shop, or online. Some charity shops are online only.
Nu Sigma Nu
Nu Sigma Nu (ΝΣΝ) was a North American professional fraternity for medicine, now existing as a handful of chapters. It was founded in 1882 by five medical students at the University of Michigan. As one of the earliest formed among all professional fraternities, Nu Sigma Nu was the first fraternal organization nationally to limit membership to medical students only. It can therefore claim that it was the first Medical Professional Fraternity. It was a member of the Professional Fraternity Association.

Professional Fraternity Association
The Professional Fraternity Association (PFA) is an American association of national, collegiate, professional fraternities and sororities that was formed in 1978. Since PFA groups are discipline-specific, members join while pursuing graduate (law, medicine, etc.) degrees as well as undergraduate (business, engineering, etc.) degrees. PFA groups seek to develop their members professionally in addition to the social development commonly associated with Panhellenic fraternities. Membership requirements of the PFA are broad enough to include groups that do not recruit new members from a single professional discipline. The PFA has welcomed service and honor fraternities as members; however, Greek letter honor societies more commonly belong to the Association of College Honor Societies.
Talian dialect
Talian (Venetian: [taˈljaŋ], Portuguese: [tɐliˈɐ̃]), also known as Brazilian Venetian or Brazilian Italian, is a Venetian dialect spoken primarily in the Serra Gaúcha region in the northeast of the state of Rio Grande do Sul in Brazil, as well as in other parts of Rio Grande do Sul, and in parts of Espírito Santo and of Santa Catarina.

It is a "Recognised Minority Language" in 4 states of Brazil: Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, Paraná and Espírito Santo. The word "Talian" is the same used in Veneto to name the Italian language.

Talian is mainly a Venetian dialect mixed with Italian dialects  from the Veneto region as well as Lombardy and other Italian regions, influenced by local Portuguese.

Anta Gorda
Anta Gorda (Portuguese: [ˈɐ̃.tɐ ˈɡoʁ.dɐ] ⓘ, lit. 'fat tapir') is a municipality in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The surrounding municipalities are Guaporé, Doutor Ricardo, Encantado, Ilópolis, and Arvorezinha. It is about 210 km from Porto Alegre.
Sanctuary of Greccio
The Hermitage of Greccio Sanctuary (Italian: Santuario Eremo di Greccio) is one of the four shrines erected by Saint Francis of Assisi in the Sacred Valley, along with the Sanctuary of Fonte Colombo, the Sanctuary of the Forest, and the convent of Poggio Bustone. It is located in the Italian town of Greccio, about 15 kilometres (9.3 miles) from the city of Rieti, seat of the homonym province, is recessed at an altitude of 665 metres (2,182 ft) above sea level, in the rocks of the mountains in the immediate vicinity of the medieval village of Greccio with views of the wide Rieti Valley.

Francis presented the first living Nativity scene in a nearby cave in December 1223.

Rieti
Rieti (Italian: [ˈrjɛːti]; Latin: Reate, Sabino: Riete) is a town and comune in Lazio, central Italy, with a population of 47,700. It is the administrative seat of the province of Rieti and see of the diocese of Rieti, as well as the modern capital of the Sabina region.

The town centre stands on a small hilltop, commanding from the southern edge the wide Rieti valley, at the bottom of the Sabine hills and of monti Reatini, including mount Terminillo. The plain was once a large lake, drained by the ancient Romans, and is now the fertile basin of the Velino River. Only the small Ripasottile and Lungo lakes remain of the larger original.
KIIM-FM
KIIM-FM (99.5 MHz) is a commercial radio station in Tucson, Arizona.  It is owned by Cumulus Media and airs a country music radio format.  Studios and offices are located on Oracle Road in North Tucson.

KIIM-FM's effective radiated power (ERP) is 90,000 watts (93,000 with beam tilt).  The transmitter is off West Hidden Canyon Drive in Tucson.  The signal extends from Florence and Casa Grande to the Mexico-U.S. border.

Casa Grande, Arizona
Casa Grande (O'odham: Wainom Wo:g) is a city in Pinal County, approximately halfway between Phoenix and Tucson, in the U.S. state of Arizona. The population was 53,658 at the 2020 census, and was estimated to be 68,927 in 2024. It is named after the Casa Grande Ruins National Monument which is actually located in Coolidge. Casa Grande is Spanish for "big house". Among resident English speakers, there is no consensus on how to pronounce the city's name. As of 2025 the population of Casa Grande is 70,156.
Bocquaine Pool and Ice Rink
Piscine-patinoire olympique de Reims (English: Reims Olympic Pool and Ice Rink), also known as Piscine-patinoire Bocquaine after the street it was built on, and Nautilud for the swimming pool part, was a sports complex located in Reims, Marne, France.

Marne (department)
Marne (French pronunciation: [maʁn]) is a department in the Grand Est region of France. It is named after the river Marne which flows through it.  The prefecture (capital) of Marne is Châlons-en-Champagne (formerly known as Châlons-sur-Marne). The subprefectures are Épernay, Reims, and Vitry-le-François. It had a population of 566,855 in 2019.

The Champagne vineyards producing the eponymous sparkling wine are in Marne.
The Collection (Black Sabbath album)
The Collection is a compilation album released by the English heavy metal band Black Sabbath in 1992. The album was released on the label Castle, who released two CD versions of this album in the UK, both with the same cover art and songs. The album has 15 tracks, two from Black Sabbath, two from Paranoid, one from Master of Reality, two from Black Sabbath Vol. 4, two from Sabbath Bloody Sabbath, two from Sabotage, two from Technical Ecstasy and two from Never Say Die!.

Vol. 4 (Black Sabbath album)
Vol. 4 is the fourth studio album by the English heavy metal band Black Sabbath, released in September 1972, by Vertigo Records. It was the first album by Black Sabbath not produced by Rodger Bain; guitarist Tony Iommi assumed production duties. Patrick Meehan, the band's then-manager, was listed as co-producer, though his actual involvement in the album's production was minimal.
Radeon X300-X600 series
ATI released the Radeon X300 and X600 boards. These were based on the RV370 (110 nm process) and RV380 (130 nm Low-K process) GPU respectively. They were nearly identical to the chips used in Radeon 9550 and 9600, only differing in that they were native PCI Express offerings. These were very popular for Dell and other OEM companies to sell in various configurations; connectors: DVI vs. DMS-59, card height: full-height vs. half-height.

Later the Radeon X550 was launched, using the same chip as Radeon X300 graphics card (RV370).

Shader
In computer graphics, a shader is a programmable operation which is applied to data as it moves through the rendering pipeline. Shaders can act on data such as vertices and primitives—to generate or morph geometry—and fragments –to calculate the values in a rendered image.

Shaders can execute a wide variety of operations and can run on different types of hardware. In modern real-time computer graphics, shaders are run on graphics processing units (GPUs) –dedicated hardware which provides highly parallel execution of programs. As rendering an image is embarrassingly parallel, fragment and pixel shaders scale well on SIMD hardware. Historically, the drive for faster rendering has produced highly-parallel processors which can in turn be used for other SIMD amenable algorithms. Such shaders executing in a compute pipeline are commonly called compute shaders.
Accelerator mass spectrometry
Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) is a form of mass spectrometry that accelerates ions to extraordinarily high kinetic energies before mass analysis. The special strength of AMS among the different methods of mass spectrometry is its ability to separate a rare isotope from an abundant neighboring mass ("abundance sensitivity", e.g. 14C from 12C). The method suppresses molecular isobars completely and in many cases can also separate atomic isobars (e.g. 14N from 14C). This makes possible the detection of naturally occurring, long-lived radio-isotopes such as 10Be, 36Cl, 26Al and 14C. (Their typical isotopic abundance ranges from 10−12 to 10−18.)

AMS can outperform the competing technique of decay counting for all isotopes where the half-life is long enough. Other advantages of AMS include its short measuring time as well as its ability to detect atoms in extremely small samples.

Kinetic energy
In physics, the kinetic energy of an object is the form of energy that it possesses due to its motion.

In classical mechanics, the kinetic energy of a non-rotating object of mass m traveling at a speed v is .

The kinetic energy of an object is equal to the work, or force (F) in the direction of motion times its displacement (s), needed to accelerate the object from rest to its given speed. The same amount of work is done by the object when decelerating from its current speed to a state of rest.

The SI unit of energy is the joule, while the English unit of energy is the foot-pound.

In relativistic mechanics,  is a good approximation of kinetic energy only when v is much less than the speed of light.
Quintus Mucius Scaevola (consul 174 BC)
Quintus Mucius Scaevola (/ˈsiːvələ, ˈsɛv-/ SE(E)V-ə-lə; fl. early 2nd century BC) was a politician of the Roman Republic, believed to be the son of his namesake who was praetor in 215 BC. He was made praetor in 179 BC, and became governor of Sicily. In 174 BC, he was made consul, and in 171 BC, tribune. In this latter position, he accompanied his brother-in-law Publius Licinius Crassus on campaign against Perseus of Macedonia.

His son was Quintus Mucius Scaevola Augur (c. 159 – 88 BC), much younger than his cousins.

Praetor
Praetor (/ˈpriːtər/ PREE-tər, Classical Latin: [ˈprae̯tɔr]), also pretor, was the title granted by the government of ancient Rome to a man acting in one of two official capacities: (i) the commander of an army, and (ii) as an elected magistratus (magistrate), assigned to discharge various duties. The functions of the magistracy, the praetura (praetorship), are described by the adjective itself: the praetoria potestas (praetorian power), the praetorium imperium (praetorian authority), and the praetorium ius (praetorian law), the legal precedents established by the praetores (praetors). Praetorium, as a substantive, denoted the location from which the praetor exercised his authority, either the headquarters of his castra, the courthouse (tribunal) of his judiciary, or the city hall of his provincial governorship. The minimum age for holding the praetorship was 39 during the Roman Republic, but it was later changed to 30 in the early Empire.
Léon-Eugène Méhédin
Léon-Eugène Méhédin (21 February 1828, L'Aigle – 4 March 1905, Bonsecours) was a French archaeologist, architect and photographer.

Méhédin's was a fervent Bonapartist and his career was greatly facilitated when he erected two triumphal arches in L'Aigle in 1851 to celebrate Napoléon III's French coup of that year. In 1855, he designed Civitavecchia's train station and went on a mission of photo reconnaissance to the Crimean War with Jean-Charles Langlois.

In 1859, he drew a portrait of Napoleon III. He compiled an archaeological album on Egypt. In 1865, he photographed the ruins of Xochicalco for the Scientific Commission of Mexico in Paris. He also made a papier-mâché cast of a planned Luxor Obelisk for the Exposition Universelle of 1867 which never came to be when Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico fell in 1867. Some of his collections lay in the Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Rouen and others are at the City Library of the same city.

Civitavecchia
Civitavecchia (Italian: [ˌtʃivitaˈvɛkkja], lit. 'Ancient Town'; Latin: Centumcellae, and later, Civitas Vetus) is a city and major sea port on the Tyrrhenian Sea 60 kilometres (37 miles) west-northwest of Rome, Lazio, Italy. Administratively, it is a comune (municipality) of the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital. Civitavecchia's harbour is formed by two piers and a breakwater on which stands a lighthouse.
Attack of the Killer Potatoes
Attack of the Killer Potatoes is a 1997 science-fiction children's story by Peter Lerangis. Its title spoofs the 1978 film, Attack of the Killer Tomatoes, and the film's sequels. The book's tagline reads, "Lock the doors, close the windows, warn the neighbors...". The book was published by the children's publishing division of Scholastic Press, Apple Paperback.

Scholastic Corporation
Scholastic Corporation is an American multinational publishing, education, and media company that publishes and distributes books, comics, and educational materials for schools, teachers, parents, children, and other educational institutions. Products are distributed via retail and online sales and through schools via reading clubs and book fairs. Clifford the Big Red Dog, a character created by Norman Bridwell in 1963, is the mascot of Scholastic.
Lomax the Songhunter
Lomax the Songhunter is a 2004 documentary film about Alan Lomax, a man who, after World War II, was determined to record folk music from United States and all over the world before it was blown away by mass consumer culture. Son of John Lomax, the man who discovered Lead Belly (and bailed him out of prison) and introduced Woody Guthrie to the world, Alan shared his father's passion for music and was not intimidated by his massive accomplishments. The film, which finds Alan near death and barely able to make himself understood, traces Alan's journey across the globe, stopping to hear testimonials from many of the people or relatives of the people he recorded. It also contains interviews from Lomax's friends and colleagues, including Pete Seeger, who did some cataloging for Lomax.

Lomax the Songhunter was written and directed by Rogier Kappers and aired on PBS's Point of View series in 2006.

John Lomax
John Avery Lomax (September 23, 1867 – January 26, 1948) was an American teacher, a pioneering musicologist, and a folklorist who did much for the preservation of American folk music. He was the father of Alan Lomax, John Lomax Jr. and Bess Lomax Hawes, also distinguished collectors of folk music.
Hilda Esthela Flores Escalera
Hilda Esthela Flores Escalera (born 9 September 1970) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). She served as a senator-at-large in the 62nd session of Congress.
She also served as a plurinominal deputy during the 61st session of Congress.

LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress
The LXII Legislature of the Congress of the Union, the 62nd session of the Congress of Mexico, met from September 1, 2012, to August 31, 2015. It consisted of Senators and Deputies in their respective chambers. All members of both the lower and upper houses of the Congress were elected in the elections of July 2012.

Senators were elected for a six-year term during the 2012 elections, allowing them to serve in both the LXII and subsequent legislatures. Deputies, also elected in the 2012 elections, served exclusively during the LXII Legislature.

The composition of the LXII Legislature was as follows:
WesBanco Arena
WesBanco Arena (originally Wheeling Civic Center) is a multi-purpose arena located in Wheeling, West Virginia. It was built in 1977 at a cost of $7 million. It is home to the Wheeling Nailers ice hockey team, the Wheeling Miners indoor football team, the Mountain East Conference basketball tournament and the Ohio Valley Athletic Conference wrestling tournament.

Mountain East Conference
The Mountain East Conference (MEC) is a college athletic conference affiliated with the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division II level and officially began competition on September 1, 2013. It consists of 11 schools, mostly in West Virginia with other members in Maryland and Pennsylvania.
Oudesluis
Oudesluis can refer to:

Oudesluis, Hoeksche Waard, a hamlet  in the Dutch province of South Holland, part of the municipality of Hoeksche Waard

Oudesluis, Schagen, a village in the Dutch province of North Holland, part of the municipality of Schagen

Oudesluis, Hoeksche Waard
Oudesluis is a hamlet  in the Dutch province of South Holland and is part of the municipality of Hoeksche Waard.

Oudesluis is not a statistical entity, and considered part of Klaaswaal and Numansdorp. It has no place name signs, and consists of about 40 houses.
Paint sheen
Sheen is a measure of the reflected light (glossiness) from a paint finish. Glossy and flat (or matte) are typical extreme levels of glossiness of a finish. Gloss paint is shiny and reflects most light in the specular (mirror-like) direction, while on flat paints most of the light diffuses in a range of angles. The gloss level of paint can also affect its apparent colour.

Between those extremes, there are a number of intermediate gloss levels. Their common names, from the most dull to the most shiny, include matte, eggshell, satin, silk, semi-gloss and high gloss. These terms are not standardized, and not all manufacturers use all these terms.

Gloss (optics)
Gloss is an optical property which indicates how well a surface reflects light in a specular (mirror-like) direction. It is one of the important parameters that are used to describe the visual appearance of an object. Other categories of visual appearance related to the perception of regular or diffuse reflection and transmission of light have been organized under the concept of cesia in an order system with three variables, including gloss among the involved aspects. The factors that affect gloss are the refractive index of the material, the angle of incident light and the surface texture.

Apparent gloss depends on the amount of specular reflection – light reflected from the surface in an equal amount and the symmetrical angle to the one of incoming light – in comparison with diffuse reflection – the amount of light scattered into other directions.
United States at the 1968 Summer Paralympics
The United States competed at the 1968 Summer Paralympics in Tel Aviv, Israel from November 4 to 13, 1968. The team finished first out of the twenty-eight competing nations in the medal table and won ninety-nine medals: thirty-three gold, twenty-seven silver and thirty-nine bronze. Eighty-two American athletes took part; fifty-three men and twenty-nine women.

Ed Owen won medals in six different sports; nine golds and a bronze in athletics, two golds in swimming and a silver in wheelchair basketball.

Wheelchair basketball at the 1968 Summer Paralympics
Wheelchair basketball at the 1968 Summer Paralympics consisted of men's and women's team events.

The original wheelchair basketball classification system in 1966 had 5 classes: A, B, C, D, S.  Each class was worth so many points.  A was worth 1, B and C were worth 2. D and S were worth 3 points.  A team could have a maximum of 12 points on the floor.  This system was the one in place for the 1968 Summer Paralympics.  Class A was for T1-T9 complete.  Class B was for T1-T9 incomplete. Class C was for T10-L2 complete. Class D was for T10-L2 incomplete.  Class S was for Cauda equina paralysis.
Visis Cabá
The Visis Cabá biosphere reserve is a 450 km2 (170 mi2) protected area  in the department of El Quiché.  It is also known as Biósfera Ixil, and is located in the North of the municipality of Chajul, on the communal lands of the Ixil communities.

The creation of the Visis Cabá biosphere reserve has gone through a long and complex process of negotiations between the Ixil communities, government institutions, and the communities of civil-war refugees (CPR) living in that area.

Ixil people
The Ixil (pronounced [iʂil]) are a Maya people located in the states of Campeche and Quintana Roo in Mexico and in the municipalities of Santa María Nebaj, San Gaspar Chajul, and San Juan Cotzal in the northern part of the Cuchumatanes mountains of the department of Quiché, Guatemala. These three municipalities are known as the Ixil Triangle and are the place of origin of the Ixil culture and where the majority of the population lives.

During the Guatemalan Civil War (1960–1996), the Ixil people were victims of repression and violence by the Guatemalan military government in what is known as the Guatemalan genocide; many were displaced forcibly to Mexico to escape the violence. Once on Mexican territory, they established refugee camps that later turned to new towns and permanent communities.
Tandra Paparayudu (film)
Tandra Paparayudu is a 1986 Indian Telugu-language biographical war film directed by Dasari Narayana Rao  and produced by U. Suryanarayana Raju under the Gopi Krishna Movies banner. Starring Krishnam Raju, Jayaprada, Jayasudha, Sumalatha, Pran and Mohan Babu, the film is based on the life of 18th-century warrior Tandra Paparayudu, the General of Bobbili, and his conflict with General Bussy. Despite being made on a high budget of ₹1.5 crore, the film was a major box-office failure. It was screened at the 11th International Film Festival of India and won two Nandi Awards.

Bobbili Estate
Bobbili Estate was a Zamindari in the Vizagapatam District of the Madras Presidency, presently in the Vizianagaram district, Andhra Pradesh, India. It comprises 153 Jeroyati villages, 53 Agraharams, 5 Mokhasas by 1907 and a revenue of 8,33,000/- by 1938. It is one of the most influential Zamindari. It is spread over 300 square miles. It also bought shares in many estates like Kirlampudi, Dontamuru etc. It prospered in the period of British Raj.
Patrick Rimbert
Patrick Rimbert (French pronunciation: [patʁik ʁɛ̃bɛʁ]; July 20, 1944) is a French politician.
He is a member of the Socialist Party. He served as Mayor of Nantes from 2012 to 2014. He was deputy of the 1st constituency of Loire-Atlantique from 1997 to 2002. He was elected president of the Nantes region planning agency on January 14, 2015. He was general councilor of Loire-Atlantique from 1992 to 2001.

Mayor (France)
In France, a mayor (French: maire, pronounced [mɛʁ] ⓘ) is chairperson of the municipal council, which organises the work and deliberates on municipal matters. The mayor also has significant powers and their own responsibilities, such as the responsibility for the activities of municipal police and for the management of municipal staff.

The officeholder is also the representative of the state in the commune. As such, the mayor is a civil officer of the State (Officier d'état civil) and judiciary police officer (Officier de police judiciaire). The term period of office for a mayor is six years.