hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Zygmunt Bauman
Zygmunt Bauman (/ˈbaʊmən/; Polish: [ˈbauman]; 19 November 1925 – 9 January 2017) was a Polish–British sociologist and philosopher. He was driven out of the Polish People's Republic during the 1968 Polish political crisis and forced to give up his Polish citizenship. He emigrated to Israel; three years later, he moved to the United Kingdom. He resided in England from 1971, where he studied at the London School of Economics and became Professor of Sociology at the University of Leeds, later emeritus. Bauman was a social theorist, writing on issues as diverse as modernity and the Holocaust, consumerism in postmodernity, and liquid modernity.

Polish nationality law
Polish nationality law is based primarily on the principle of jus sanguinis. Children born to at least one Polish parent acquire Polish citizenship irrespective of place of birth. Besides other things, Polish citizenship entitles the person to a Polish passport.

Polish citizenship and nationality law is set out in the Polish Citizenship Act of 2009, which was published on 14 February 2012, and became law in its entirety on 15 August 2012.

Its provisions cover a range of Polish citizenship issues, including dual citizenship; acquisition by law (including birth, grant, recognition, and restoration); loss; status of minors vis-a-vis parents; and various processes and regulations.
Károly Huszár
Károly Huszár de Sárvár (Hungarian: [ˈhusaːr ˈkaːroj], born as Károly Schorn, 10 September 1882 – 27 October 1941) was a Hungarian politician who served as prime minister and acting Head of State of Hungary from November 1919 to March 1920. His tenure coincided with a period of political instability in Hungary immediately after World War I, during which several successive governments ruled the country.

Revolutions and interventions in Hungary (1918–1920)
There was a period of revolutions and interventions in Hungary between 1918 and 1920. The First Hungarian Republic was founded from the ruins of the Austro-Hungarian Empire by Mihály Károlyi during the Aster Revolution in 1918, at the end of World War I. In March 1919, the republic was overturned by another revolution, and the Hungarian Soviet Republic  was created. Unresolved conflicts led to wars between Hungary and its neighbor states (Kingdom of Romania, Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and the evolving Czechoslovakia) in 1919. The Hungarian Soviet Republic ceased to exist after the Romanian occupation. The Kingdom of Hungary was restored in 1920. Hungary signed the Treaty of Trianon in Versailles in the same year.
Fast Mail
Many railroads ran trains named Fast Mail, including:

Fast Mail (Amtrak train) – Amtrak

Fast Mail (C&NW train) – Chicago & North Western

Fast Mail (CB&Q train) - Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad

Fast Mail (Great Northern train) – Great Northern Railway (U.S.)

Fast Mail (MC train) - Michigan Central Railroad

Fast Mail (Milwaukee Road train) – Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad

Fast Mail (NYC train) – New York Central Railroad

Fast Mail (Southern Railway train) - Southern Railway (U.S.) had a Fast Mail train more famously known as "Old 97" which was in the Wreck of the Old 97 in 1903.

Fast Mail (Southern Railway train)
The Fast Mail was a Southern Railway mail and express train that operated between Washington, D.C., and New Orleans, Louisiana. The southbound Fast Mail carried the train number of 97, and was later known by the nickname of "Old 97". One such trip made by the train, on September 27, 1903, derailed at Stillhouse Trestle in Danville, Virginia, and was later known as the "Wreck of the Old 97", for which the service was most well known.

The train's normal consist was two railway post office (RPO) cars, one express car, and one baggage car.  It was the first exclusively mail and express train in the southern United States, and it was the last fast mail train in the United States to receive a subsidy for its fast service schedule.
Mark Beard (artist)
Mark Beard (born 1956 in Salt Lake City) is an American artist. In addition to being a noted stage set designer., Beard works in prints, paint, and as a sculptor. His portraits, nudes, bronzes, and handicrafted books have been exhibited all over the world.

Paint
Paint is a material or mixture that, when applied to a solid material and allowed to dry, adds a film-like layer. As art, this is used to create an image or images known as a painting. Paint can be made in many colors and types. Most paints are either oil-based or water-based, and each has distinct characteristics.

Primitive forms of paint were used tens of thousands of years ago in cave paintings.

Clean-up solvents are also different for water-based paint than oil-based paint. Water-based paints and oil-based paints will cure differently based on the outside ambient temperature of the object being painted (such as a house).
Miguel Ángel López (cyclist)
Miguel Ángel López Moreno (born February 4, 1994) is a Colombian cyclist, who last rode for UCI Continental team Team Medellín–EPM.

In 2016, López won his first World Tour stage race at the Tour de Suisse and achieved his maiden grand tour stage victory the following season on Stage 11 of the Vuelta a España, followed by another victory on Stage 15. He was the overall winner of the Tour Colombia and the Volta a Catalunya in 2019. In 2020, he won stage 17 of the Tour de France to Col de la Loze, considered the Queen stage.

In 2023, López was suspended by the UCI for an anti-doping rule violation, and in 2024 was found guilty for use and possession of Menotropin, a prohibited substance. He is currently suspended from competition until 24 July 2027.

UCI World Tour
The UCI WorldTour is the premier men's elite road cycling tour, sitting above the UCI ProSeries and various regional UCI Continental Circuits. It refers to both the tour of 38 events and, until 2019, an annual ranking system  based upon performances in these. The World Ranking was launched in 2009, (known from 2009–2010 as the UCI World Ranking) and merged fully with its predecessor the UCI ProTour in 2011. UCI WorldTeams must compete at all events that were part of the tour prior to the 2017 expansion.
Kishori Sah Kamal
Kishori Sah Kamal (Nepali: किशोरी साह कमल) is a Nepalese politician and a former member of the Provincial Assembly of Madhesh Province from the Rastriya Swatantra Party. Sah, a resident of Sabaila, Nepal, was elected in the 2017 provincial assembly election from Dhanusha 1(A).

Madhesh Provincial Assembly
The Madhesh Provincial Assembly (Nepali/Maithili/Bhojpuri: मधेश प्रदेश सभा) is a unicameral governing and law making body of Madhesh Province, one of the seven Provinces in Nepal, The assembly is seated in the provincial capital at Janakpur in Dhanusha District. The assembly has 107 members, 64 of whom are elected through single-member constituencies and 43 of whom are elected through the party list proportional representation system. They are elected for five-year terms unless the assembly is dissolved earlier.
Daniel Tetrault
Daniel Tetrault (born September 4, 1979) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman, having last played for and was a team captain with the Rapid City Rush of the ECHL. Tetrault was originally drafted 91st overall by the Montreal Canadiens in the 1997 NHL Entry Draft. From 2017 to 2021, he was head coach of the Rapid City Rush, leading the team to a 116–134–25 record over four seasons and never making a playoff appearance.

Tetrault won the Central Hockey League Most Outstanding Defenseman in the 2001–02 CHL season. The long-time CHL defenseman signed with the Allen Americans for the 2013–14 season. After claiming his first Ray Miron Cup championship with the Americans, Tetrault signed with the Rapid City Rush on July 31, 2014.

1997 NHL entry draft
The 1997 NHL entry draft was the 35th NHL entry draft. It was held at the Civic Arena in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on June 21, 1997.

The last active player from the 1997 draft class was Joe Thornton, who played his last NHL game in the 2021–22 season.
Gunton Meadow
Gunton Meadow is a 2-hectare (4.9-acre) nature reserve in Lowestoft in Suffolk. It is managed by the Suffolk Wildlife Trust.

Gunton Meadow was saved from development as a planning condition for the expansion of a local supermarket. It has scrub, a pond and grassland. There are five species of orchid including the common spotted and green-winged, and great crested newts in the pond.

There is access from Leisure Way.

Lowestoft
Lowestoft (/ˈloʊ(ɪ)stɒft, ˈloʊstəf/ LOH-(ih)-stoft, LOH-stəf) is a coastal town and civil parish in the East Suffolk district of Suffolk, England. As the most easterly UK settlement, it is 38 miles (61 km) north-east of Ipswich and 22 miles (35 km) south-east of Norwich, and the main town in its district. Its development grew with the fishing industry and as a seaside resort with wide sandy beaches. As fishing declined, oil and gas exploitation in the North Sea in the 1960s took over. In 2021 the built-up area had a population of 71,327 and the parish had a population of 47,879.
Senate of Salta
The Chamber of Senators of Salta Province (Spanish: Cámara de Senadores de la Provincia de Salta), better known simply as the Senate (Senado), is the upper house of the Legislature of Salta Province, one of Argentina's 23 provinces. It comprises 23 members elected in each of the 23 departments of Salta using the first-past-the-post system.

Senators are elected for four-year terms, and, as in the National Chamber of Deputies and most other provincial legislatures, elections are held every two years, so that half of its members are up in each election. The Senate is presided by the Vice Governor of the province, who is elected every four years alongside the governor. Presently, the post is occupied by Antonio Marocco of the Justicialist Party.

Alongside the Chamber of Deputies, the Senate convenes in the Legislative Palace, in the provincial capital of Salta. The building, a city landmark, is of an Italian academic style. Its construction began in 1892 and extended until 1902.

Salta
Salta (Spanish: [ˈsalta]) is the capital and largest city in the Argentine province of the same name. With a population of 627,704 according to the 2022 census, it is also the 7th most-populous city in Argentina. The city serves as the cultural and economic center of the Valle de Lerma Metropolitan Area (Spanish: Área Metropolitana del Valle de Lerma, AMVL), which is home to over 50.9% of the population of Salta Province and also includes the municipalities of La Caldera, Vaqueros, Campo Quijano, Rosario de Lerma, Cerrillos, La Merced and San Lorenzo. Salta is the seat of the Capital Department, the most populous department in the province.
Miiduranna
Miiduranna is a village in Viimsi Parish, Harju County in northern Estonia. It is located about 8 km (5 mi) northeast of the centre of Tallinn, situated just northwest of Tallinn's subdistrict Merivälja, west of the settlement of Viimsi and south of Haabneeme, on the eastern coast of Tallinn Bay. As of the 2011 census, the settlement's population was 358. It is one of the wealthiest regions in Estonia.

Half of the village's area is occupied by Miiduranna Harbour, which is connected to Maardu via railroad. The Reidikai submarine refueling structure is located in the harbour.

Miiduranna was first mentioned in 1588 as Mitorannes.

Miiduranna is connected to the centre of Tallinn by Tallinn Bus Company's route no. 1A (Viru keskus – Viimsi Keskus); average travel time is about 25 minutes.

2011 Estonian census
The 2011 Population and Housing Census (PHC 2011) (Estonian: Rahva ja eluruumide loendus (REL 2011)) was a census that was carried out during 31 December 2011 – 31 March 2012 in Estonia by Statistics Estonia.

The total population recorded was 1,294,455 persons, compared to 1,370,052 persons counted in the 2000 Estonian census.
Ghanghran
Ghanghran is a small town in Shakargarh Tehsil of Narowal District, in Pakistan.

Hundreds of years ago on the bank of river Ravi there was a boat parking place which connected the people on both side of the river.  A person who was riding that boat its on his name Ganra singh. The town is also known as saint village because of its saint's places from every corner. Slowly the Ravi changed its flow to the south side but the town is still there.

Narowal District
Narowal District is a district within the Gujranwala Division of Punjab, Pakistan. The city of Narowal serves as the headquarters of the district. It was formed in 1991 when the two tehsils of Narowal and Shakargarh were split off from Sialkot District.
Milan Božić (footballer)
Milan Božić (born January 23, 1982) is a Canadian football player of Serbian origin.

Božić previously played with Serbian top league clubs FK Zvezdara and FK Hajduk Beograd, Ukrainian club FC Volyn Lutsk, lower league Serbian clubs FK Inđija, FK Železničar Beograd and FK Kolubara and with the Bosnian Premier League club FK Leotar.

During the 2009–10 season, Božić played with FK Beograd in the Serbian League Belgrade. In 2012–13, he played with FK Bulbulderac, which restored its former name, FK Zvezdara in summer 2013.

FK Kolubara
FK Kolubara (Serbian Cyrillic: ФК Колубара) is a professional football club based in Lazarevac, Belgrade, Serbia. They compete in the Serbian League Belgrade, the third tier of the national league system.
Hrvoje Tkalčić
Hrvoje Tkalčić FAA (English pronunciation: hur-VOY-eh  tuh-KAL-cheech) (born 3 February 1970) is an Australian and Croatian geophysicist and Professor E2 at the Australian National University in Canberra.

Australian Laureate Fellowship
The Australian Laureate Fellowship is an Australian professorial research fellowship awarded by the Australian Research Council. Fellows are chosen each year for five-year awards. In 2023 8 industry-focused Laureate Fellowships were awarded for the first time.
Weil am Rhein Ost station
Weil am Rhein Ost station (German: Bahnhof Weil am Rhein Ost) is a railway station in the municipality of Weil am Rhein, in Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is located on the standard gauge Weil am Rhein–Lörrach line of Deutsche Bahn.

Basel S-Bahn
The Basel S-Bahn (German: Trinationale S-Bahn Basel, French: RER trinational de Bâle) has provided an S-Bahn-style rail service connecting the Basel metropolitan area since 1997 in Switzerland, Germany and France. It consists of eight suburban train lines, including four that operate across borders.

The S-Bahn is operated by the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB CFF FFS), its German subsidiary SBB GmbH, the German DB, and the French SNCF Voyageurs. The responsible transport authorities are the Swiss cantons of Basel-City, Basel-Country, Aargau, Solothurn; the German state of Baden-Württemberg and the French region of Grand Est. Since 2018, they coordinate under the name trireno the future extension of the S-Bahn.

The services connect with those of Aargau S-Bahn, Breisgau S-Bahn, Zurich S-Bahn and other regional train services (DB Regio Baden-Württemberg, TER Grand Est).
Clinton A. Galbraith
Clinton Alexander Galbraith (March 6, 1860 – May 27, 1923) was an American lawyer and judge who served as attorney general of Oklahoma Territory and later as an associate justice of the Territorial Supreme Court of Hawaii from June 30, 1900 to June 15, 1904. After returning to Oklahoma, he held several legal posts including assistant attorney general of the state of Oklahoma.

Hartsville, Indiana
Hartsville is a town in Haw Creek and Clifty townships, Bartholomew County, Indiana, United States. The population was 317 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Columbus, Indiana metropolitan statistical area.
Ballari Junction railway station
Ballari Junction railway station, formerly Bellary Junction railway station (station code: BAY) is a main railway station in Ballari district, Karnataka. It serves Ballari. This is one of the oldest railway stations in India, and possibly the second in karnataka, built by the British Raj more than 150 years ago. The foundation stone for Ballari Junction was laid in 1869.  Mahatma Gandhi visited Ballari and spent about eight hours at the railway station here on 1 October 1921.

Previously, the Ballari was part of Southern Mahratta Railway on Hubballi–Guntakal rail line. station consists of four platforms for its junction for three routes going towards Rayadurgam, Guntakal and Hosapete.

Guntakal Junction railway station
Guntakal Junction railway station (station code: GTL) is located in Anantapur district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh and serves Guntakal. It is also the headquarters of Guntakal railway division in South Central Railway(SCR). It is a junction station at the intersection point of the Mumbai–Chennai line, the Vijayawada–Marmagova line and the Guntakal–Bengaluru line.
Euscorpius italicus
Euscorpius italicus is a scorpion belonging to the genus of small wood-scorpions. It is the largest species in the genus, with adults reaching lengths up to 50 mm. Its size can thus be used as a heuristic for determination.

Heuristic
A heuristic or heuristic technique (problem solving, mental shortcut, rule of thumb) is any approach to problem solving that employs a pragmatic method that is not fully optimized, perfected, or rationalized, but is nevertheless "good enough" as an approximation or attribute substitution. Where finding an optimal solution is impossible or impractical, heuristic methods can be used to speed up the process of finding a satisfactory solution. Heuristics can be mental shortcuts that ease the cognitive load of making a decision.

Heuristic reasoning is often based on induction, or on analogy ... Induction is the process of discovering general laws ... Induction tries to find regularity and coherence ... Its most conspicuous instruments are generalization, specialization, analogy. [...] Heuristic discusses human behavior in the face of problems [... that have been] preserved in the wisdom of proverbs.
Bolarque Dam
Bolarque Dam (Spanish: Presa de Bolarque) is a concrete gravity dam on the Tagus in Spain, where the river forms the border between the provinces of Cuenca and Guadalajara. About 6 km downstream from the dam is the José Cabrera Nuclear Power Station.

Work on the dam began in 1907. In 1908 more than 1300 workers were employed at the construction site. The dam was officially inaugurated on June 23, 1910 by king Alfonso XIII. It is owned by Unión Fenosa.

Tagus
The Tagus (/ˈteɪɡəs/ TAY-gəs; Spanish: Tajo [ˈtaxo] ⓘ; Portuguese: Tejo [ˈtɛʒu]) is the longest river in the Iberian Peninsula. The river rises in the Montes Universales between Cuenca and Teruel, in mid-eastern Spain, flows 1,007 km (626 mi), generally westward, and empties into the Atlantic Ocean at Lisbon.
Liar (Jelly Roll song)
"Liar" is a song by American singer Jelly Roll, released on August 2, 2024, as the second single from his tenth studio album, Beautifully Broken. It was written by Jelly Roll himself, Ben Johnson, Ashley Gorley and Taylor Phillips, and produced by Zach Crowell.

Zach Crowell
Zach Crowell is a songwriter and record producer who was born and raised in Nashville, Tennessee. Crowell is involved in a joint admin agreement with Sony Music Publishing. He has written/produced over 30 #1 songs and is a three-time Grammy Award nominee.

Some of the artists that Zach Crowell has worked with are Jelly Roll, Sam Hunt, Carrie Underwood, Dustin Lynch, Keith Urban, Luke Bryan, Dierks Bentley, Florida Georgia Line and Cole Swindell.

Crowell produced and co-wrote the 2017 song "Body Like a Back Road" for singer Sam Hunt. At the time, the song set the all-time record at 34 weeks for the most time spent at number one on the Billboard Hot Country Songs chart.
Bernard Quintin
Bernard Quintin (French pronunciation: [bɛʁnaʁ kɛ̃tɛ̃]; born 1971) is a Belgian diplomat and politician who has been serving as Minister of the Interior in the De Wever Government since February 2025. Before that he has served as Minister of Foreign Affairs in the De Croo Government from November 2024 until February 2025.

De Croo Government
The De Croo Government was the Federal Government of Belgium, led by Prime Minister Alexander De Croo from 1 October 2020 to 3 February 2025. It functioned in a caretaker capacity from the resignation of Prime Minister Alexander De Croo on 10 June 2024 following the 2024 Belgian federal election, until the formation of the next government.
Uramba Bahía Málaga National Natural Park
Uramba Bahía Málaga National Natural Park, is one of the newest Colombian national parks and a popular ecotourism destination.  It is located in and around Málaga Bay on the Colombian Pacific coast in the district  of Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca, Colombia.  It is an area of high biodiversity and a favorite spot for reproducing humpback whales, making this area a popular whale watching destination.  Most of natural area is pristine with the exception of the areas around a few small towns like Juanchaco, Ladrilleros, and La Barra, as well as a Colombian naval base.  The national park was created in 2010 and is Colombia's 56th national natural park.

Buenaventura, Valle del Cauca
Buenaventura is a coastal seaport city located in the Pacific Region of the department of Valle del Cauca, Colombia (South America). Buenaventura (Spanish for "good fortune") is the main port of Colombia in the Pacific Ocean.

As of the 2018 census, Buenaventura has a population of 235,064. Most of the urban development takes place on Cascajal Island, while the majority of the city's land is rural with scattered, small villages. It is served by the Gerardo Tobar López Airport.

The city is part of the UNESCO Creative Cities Network after it was named a "City of Gastronomy" in 2017.
Every Man Has a Woman
Every Man Has a Woman is a tribute album to Yoko Ono for her 50th birthday. It contains covers of her songs from the albums Approximately Infinite Universe (1973), Double Fantasy (1980), Season of Glass (1981), and It's Alright (I See Rainbows) (1982). The album was purportedly one of John Lennon's projects, but Lennon was murdered before he could see its completion. The liner notes for the vinyl LP feature an essay by Ono entitled "A Crystal Ball".

Another tribute album to Ono in a similar vein entitled Yes, I'm a Witch was released to very positive reviews in 2007, featuring such artists as Peaches, Cat Power and The Flaming Lips.

Peaches (musician)
Merrill Beth Nisker (born 11 November 1966), also known by the stage name Peaches, is a Canadian electroclash musician and producer.

Peaches has been described as a "feminist and queer icon" by Variety.
The Divorcee (1919 film)
The Divorcee is a 1919 American society drama starring Ethel Barrymore in her last silent feature film. The film is based on a 1907 play, Lady Frederick by young Somerset Maugham, which had starred Barrymore on Broadway. The play was already quite dated when this film was made, but the actress was always comfortable with this kind of soap-operish melodramatic material. Herbert Blaché directed, and June Mathis wrote the scenario based on Maugham's play. The film was produced and distributed by the Metro Pictures company.

It is believed to be a lost film. The last known surviving copy was destroyed in the 1965 MGM vault fire.

June Mathis
June Mathis (born June Beulah Hughes, January 30, 1887 – July 26, 1927) was an American screenwriter. Mathis was the first female executive for Metro/MGM and at only 35, she was the highest paid executive in Hollywood.  In 1926 she was voted the third most influential woman in Hollywood, behind Mary Pickford and Norma Talmadge. Mathis is best remembered for discovering Rudolph Valentino and writing such films as The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (1921), and Blood and Sand (1922).