hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bedwas, Trethomas and Machen
Bedwas, Trethomas and Machen is  a community and an electoral ward in the county borough of Caerphilly, constituting the villages of Machen, Trethomas, Bedwas, and Upper and Lower Graig-y-Rhacca. It lies in the Caerphilly Basin in the shadow of Mynydd y Grug and Mynydd Machen. All villages in the area grew as a result of the coal mining industry, which carries its legacy on today.

Graig-y-Rhacca
Graig-y-Rhacca is a housing estate bordering Trethomas, Bedwas and Machen in the borough of Caerphilly, southeastern Wales. The town is about 8 miles to the west of Newport and 4 miles to the east of Caerphilly. The town mainly consists of local authority tenancies and privately owned estates.
The Daily Telegraph and North Murchison and Pilbarra Gazette
Daily Telegraph and North Murchison and Pilbarra Gazette, also published as Meekatharra Miner and Daily Telegraph and North Murchison Gazette, was a weekly English language newspaper published in Meekatharra, Western Australia. It was distributed to Meekatharra, Nannine, Cue, Geraldton, and the Murchison and Pilbara regions.

Geraldton
Geraldton (/ˈd͡ʒɛɹəltən/, JER-əl-tən; Wajarri: Jambinu, Wilunyu: Jambinbirri) is a coastal city in the Mid West region of Western Australia, 424 kilometres (263 mi) north of the state capital, Perth.

As of the 2021 census, Geraldton had an urban population of 38,595. Geraldton is the seat of government for the City of Greater Geraldton, which also incorporates the town of Mullewa, Walkaway and large rural areas previously forming the shires of Greenough and Mullewa.

The Port of Geraldton is a major west coast seaport. Geraldton is an important service and logistics centre for regional mining, fishing, wheat, sheep and tourism industries.
1987–88 Copa México
The 1987–88 Copa México was the 60th edition of the Copa México and the 33rd edition in the professional era. This tournament marked the return of the competition after a twelve-year hiatus.

The competition started on 29 January 1988 and concluded on 8 June 1988 with the final, held at the Estadio Cuauhtémoc in Puebla City, in which Puebla lifted the trophy for the third time ever with an away goal victory over Cruz Azul.

This edition was contested by the top 16 Primera División teams at the end of Round 19 of the 1987–88 Mexican Primera División season; Atlético Potosino, Irapuato, Tampico Madero and Tigres UANL were excluded. The tournament was played as a two-legged knockout stage, with matches held home and away.

Estadio Cuauhtémoc
Estadio Cuauhtémoc is a football stadium in Puebla City, Mexico. It is the home of Club Puebla   . It is currently the fourth-biggest football stadium in Mexico by capacity. The stadium hosted games in the 1970 FIFA World Cup and the 1986 FIFA World Cup. From November 2014 – 2015, the stadium went through massive renovations.

As of November 2015, Cuauhtémoc Stadium is considered to be an innovation in textile design and sports architecture in Mexico, since it is the first and only stadium in Latin America to have a façade totally covered with ETFE.
Esri grid
An Esri grid is a raster GIS file format developed by Esri, which has two formats:

A proprietary binary format, also known as an ARC/INFO GRID, ARC GRID and many other variations

A non-proprietary ASCII format, also known as an ARC/INFO ASCII GRID

The formats were introduced for ARC/INFO. The binary format is widely used within Esri programs, such as ArcGIS, while the ASCII format is used as an exchange, or export format, due to the simple and portable ASCII file structure.

The grid defines geographic space as an array of equally sized square grid points arranged in rows and columns. Each grid point stores a numeric value that represents a geographic attribute (such as elevation or surface slope) for that unit of space. Each grid cell is referenced by its x,y coordinate location.

Binary file
A binary file is a computer file that is not a text file. The term "binary file" is often used as a term meaning "non-text file". Many binary file formats contain parts that can be interpreted as text; for example, some computer document files containing formatted text, such as older Microsoft Word document files, contain the text of the document but also contain formatting information in binary form.
NASA AD-1
The NASA AD-1 is both an aircraft and an associated flight test program conducted between 1979 and 1982 at the NASA Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards California, which successfully demonstrated an aircraft wing that could be pivoted obliquely from zero to 60 degrees during flight.

The unique oblique wing was demonstrated on a small, subsonic jet-powered research aircraft called the AD-1 (Ames-Dryden-1). The aircraft was flown 79 times during the research program, which evaluated the basic pivot-wing concept and gathered information on handling qualities and aerodynamics at various speeds and degrees of pivot.

Wing
A wing is a structure which produces both lift and drag while moving through air. Wings are defined by two shape characteristics, an airfoil section and a planform. Wing efficiency is expressed as lift-to-drag ratio, which compares the benefit of lift with the air resistance of a given wing shape, as it flies. Aerodynamics includes the study of wing performance in air.

Equivalent foils that move through water are found on hydrofoil power vessels and foiling sailboats that lift out of the water at speed and on submarines that use diving planes to point the boat upwards or downwards, while running submerged. The study of foil performance in water is a subfield of Hydrodynamics.
Canton of Orcières
The canton of Orcières is a former administrative division in southeastern France. It was disbanded following the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. It consisted of 3 communes, which joined the canton of Saint-Bonnet-en-Champsaur in 2015. It had 1,853 inhabitants (2012).

The canton comprised the following communes:

Champoléon

Orcières

Saint-Jean-Saint-Nicolas

Canton of Saint-Bonnet-en-Champsaur
The canton of Saint-Bonnet-en-Champsaur is an administrative division in southeastern France. At the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015, the canton was expanded from 16 to 27 communes (3 of which merged into the new commune Aubessagne):
Jalalabad, Bijnor
Jalalabad (Jalālābād) is a town and a nagar panchayat in Bijnor district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. Habib khan was 1st pradhan of jalalabad after independence of India for many years. On his name NGO habibia gram vikas sansthan jalalabad running a school named Habib memorial school and Madarsa Habibia lilbanat.

Bijnor district
Bijnor district (Hindi pronunciation: [bɪd͡ʒ.n̪ɔːɾ]) is one of the 75 districts in the state of Uttar Pradesh in India. Bijnor city is the district headquarters. The government of Nagar Palika Parishad Bijnor Uttar Pradesh seeks its inclusion in National Capital Region (NCR) due to its close proximity to NCT of Delhi.

Bijnor is notable for its sugarcane production and sugar mills, with two of the top five sugar mills of India situated in the district.
7 Minutes (2016 film)
7 Minutes (Italian: 7 minuti) is a 2016 Italian-Swiss-French drama film co-written and directed by  Michele Placido.

The film premiered at the 11th Rome Film Festival and was later screened at the Tokyo International Film Festival. Inspired by a true story, it is loosely based on a drama play of the same name by Stefano Massini.

Tokyo International Film Festival
The Tokyo International Film Festival (東京国際映画祭, Tōkyōkokusaieigasai; TIFF) is a film festival established in 1985. The event was held biennially from 1985 to 1991 and annually thereafter. According to the FIAPF, it is one of Asia's competitive film festivals and the second largest film festival in Asia behind the Shanghai International Film Festival, as well as the only Japanese festival accredited by the FIAPF.

The awards handed out during the festival have changed throughout its existence, but the Tokyo Grand Prix, handed to the best film, has stayed as the top award. Other awards that have been given regularly include the Special Jury Award and awards for best actor, best actress and best director.

In recent years, the festival's main events have been held over one week in late October, at the Roppongi Hills development.  Events include open-air screenings, voice-over screenings, and appearances by actors, as well as seminars and symposiums related to the film market.
Postage stamps and postal history of Djibouti
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Djibouti, first known as the Obock Territory; it afterwards was known as French Somaliland until being called the French Territory of Afars and Issas.

Djibouti is a country in the Horn of Africa, bordered by Eritrea to the north, Ethiopia to the west and south, and Somalia to the southeast. The remainder of the border is formed by the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden.

French Territory of the Afars and the Issas
The French Territory of the Afars and the Issas (FTAI; French: Territoire français des Afars et des Issas) was the name given to present-day Djibouti between 1967 and 1977, while it was still an overseas territory of France. The area was formerly known as French Somaliland (Côte française des Somalis). Its name derives from the Afar people of Djibouti and the Somali Issa clan.
John McCutcheon
John McCutcheon (born August 14, 1952) is an American folk music singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist who has produced 45 albums since the 1970s. He is regarded as a master of the hammered dulcimer, and is also proficient on many other instruments including guitar, banjo, autoharp, mountain dulcimer, fiddle, and jaw harp. He has received six Grammy Award nominations.

Jew's harp
The Jew's harp, also known as jaw harp, juice harp, or mouth harp, is a lamellophone instrument, consisting of a flexible metal or bamboo tongue or reed attached to a frame. Despite the colloquial name, the Jew's harp most likely originated in China, with the earliest known Jew's harps dating back 4,000 years ago from Shaanxi. It has no relation to the Jewish people.

Jew's harps may be categorized as idioglot or heteroglot (whether or not the frame and the tine are one piece); by the shape of the frame (rod or plaque); by the number of tines, and whether the tines are plucked, joint-tapped, or string-pulled.
Customized Greatly Vol. 3
Customized Greatly Vol. 3 is the fifth mixtape by American rapper Casey Veggies. It was self-released on April 9, 2012. The mixtape features guest appearances from Jhené Aiko, Tyler, the Creator, Raheem DeVaughn, Earl Sweatshirt, Domo Genesis, and Hodgy Beats, among others.

Hodgy
Gerard Damien Long (born November 9, 1990), known mononymously as Jerry (stylized as jerry.; formerly Hodgy and Hodgy Beats), is an American rapper, singer and record producer. He is best known for being a founding member of the hip hop collective Odd Future.
Mecidiye, Edirne
Mecidiye (formerly: Köseatlı) is a village in Keşan District of Edirne Province, Turkey. Its population is 840 (2022). Mecidiye is close to the Gulf of Saros (Aegean Sea). The distance to Keşan is 28 kilometres (17 mi). The settlement was founded by the Muslim refugees of the Russo-Turkish War (1877-1878). Before the 2013 reorganisation, it was a town (belde). Major economic activities of the town are fishing, beekeeping and farming. Tourism is also promising.

Keşan
Keşan (Turkish: [ˈceʃan]; Bulgarian: Кешан; Greek: Κεσσάνη; Byzantine Greek: Ρούσιον, Rusion) is a town in Edirne Province, Turkey. It is the seat of Keşan District. Its population is 64,842 (2022). In the summer its population increases because of an influx of tourists. The mayor is Mehmet Özcan (CHP).

Agriculture and commerce are the two most important sources of income in Keşan. Because of its proximity to Greece, there is a daily flow of tourists in and out of the district. The local music includes gaida, tupan, and hora dance.
Pooh (band)
Pooh is an Italian pop band formed in Bologna in 1966. The group is known for songs such as "Parsifal", Dove comincia il sole ("Where the Sun Begins"), Pensiero ("Thought"), and Uomini soli ("Lonely Men").

Festivalbar
The Festivalbar (Italian: Il Festivalbar) was an Italian singing competition that took place in the most important Italian squares during summer, such as the Piazza del Duomo, Catania or Piazza Bra, Verona. The first edition took place in 1964 and was broadcast by RAI. The competition was held throughout the summer and the final round always took place at the Arena in Verona after 3-4 events in various cities of Italy.
2023 Sailing World Championships – 49er FX
The 49er FX competition at the 2023 Sailing World Championships was the women's skiff event and was held in The Hague, the Netherlands, 11–18 August 2023. The entries were limited to 70 boats. The competitors participated in an opening series that was planned to 15 races, followed by a medal race. The medal race was planned for 18 August.

The competition served as a qualifying event for the 2024 Olympic sailing competition with 10 out of 20 national quota being distributed at the event.

Sailing at the 2024 Summer Olympics
Sailing competitions at the 2024 Summer Olympics were held from July 28th to August 8th at Marseille Marina. The number of sailors competing across ten different events at these Games has been reduced from 350 to 330, with an equal distribution between men and women. Furthermore, several significant changes are instituted in the sailing program for Paris 2024 to reinforce gender equality and vast diversity among the nations in the qualifying process.
Ángeles Caso
María de los Ángeles Caso Machicado (born 16 July 1959 in Gijón) is a Spanish journalist, translator and writer. She is a recipient of the Premio Planeta de Novela.

Her father, José Miguel Caso González, was a professor and vice-chancellor at the Faculty of Philology of the University of Oviedo. She studied History and Geography, but she worked later as a journalist in Panorama regional. She also worked for the Prince of Asturias Foundation or the Institute Feijoo of 18th century studies at the University of Oviedo and in different media like Televisión Española, Cadena SER and Radio Nacional de España.

University of Oviedo
The University of Oviedo (Spanish: Universidad de Oviedo, Asturian: Universidá d'Uviéu) is a public university in Asturias (Spain). It is the only university in the region. It has three campus and research centres, located in Oviedo, Gijón and Mieres.
2023 Nigerian presidential election in Lagos State
The 2023 Nigerian presidential election in Lagos State was held on 25 February 2023 as part of the nationwide 2023 Nigerian presidential election to elect the president and vice president of Nigeria. Other federal elections, including elections to the House of Representatives and the Senate, were also held on the same date while state elections will be held two weeks afterward on 11 March.

Peter Obi—the nominee of the Labour Party—won the state by nearly 10,000 votes, a 0.77% margin, in a massive upset over former state Governor Bola Tinubu of the All Progressives Congress. The other two major contenders, Atiku Abubakar (Peoples Democratic Party) and Rabiu Kwankwaso (New Nigeria Peoples Party), trailed with just 5.96% and 0.66%, respectively.

New Nigeria People's Party
The New Nigeria People's Party is a populist political party in Nigeria, predominantly active in Kano State. It contested the 2023 Nigerian presidential election, but its standard-bearer, Rabiu Kwankwaso, came in fourth place, carrying only one state, its stronghold of Kano. The party later rejected these results and called for a repeat election.
Condenser (optics)
A condenser is an optical lens that renders a divergent light beam from a point light source into a parallel or converging beam to illuminate an object to be imaged.

Condensers are an essential part of any imaging device, such as microscopes, enlargers, slide projectors, and telescopes. The concept is applicable to all kinds of radiation undergoing optical transformation, such as electrons in electron microscopy, neutron radiation, and synchrotron radiation optics.

Chromatic aberration
In optics, chromatic aberration (CA), also called chromatic distortion, color aberration, color fringing, or purple fringing, is a failure of a lens to focus all colors to the same point. It is caused by dispersion: the refractive index of the lens elements varies with the wavelength of light. The refractive index of most transparent materials decreases with increasing wavelength. Since the focal length of a lens depends on the refractive index, this variation in refractive index affects focusing. Since the focal length of the lens varies with the color of the light, different colors of light are brought to focus at different distances from the lens or with different levels of magnification. Chromatic aberration manifests itself as "fringes" of color along boundaries that separate dark and bright parts of the image.
2019 Columbus Challenger II – Doubles
Maxime Cressy and Bernardo Saraiva were the defending champions but lost in the quarterfinals to Roberto Maytín and Jackson Withrow.

Maytín and Withrow won the title after defeating Hans Hach Verdugo and Donald Young 6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–2), [10–5] in the final.

Jackson Withrow
Jackson Withrow (born July 7, 1993) is an American professional tennis player who specializes in doubles. Withrow has a career-high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 16 achieved on 19 February 2024. Withrow has won 10 ATP doubles titles.
Buxa Road railway station
Buxa Road is the name of the railway station in Northeast Frontier Railway Zone of Indian Railways in Alipurduar district, West Bengal.  It is located at the easternmost end of Dooars valley  near the Buxa Tiger Reserve, the second largest tiger reserve in West Bengal. In 2022, a rail alert was created to prevent accidents while elephants cross the track in this region.

Northeast Frontier Railway zone
The Northeast Frontier Railway (abbreviated NFR) is one of the 19 railway zones of the Indian Railways. It is headquartered in Maligaon, Guwahati in the state of Assam, and responsible for operation and expansion of rail network all across Northeastern states and some districts of eastern Bihar and northern West Bengal.
Warner Bros. Studio Tour Shanghai – The Making of Harry Potter
Warner Bros. Studio Tour Shanghai – The Making of Harry Potter (Chinese: 華納兄弟工作室巡演：哈利波特制作特輯) is an upcoming studio tour and visitor attraction located in the Minhang District of Shanghai, China, owned by Warner Bros., operated by their Studio Tour division. The attraction is the third permanent The Making of Harry Potter Studio Tour in the world, following the original in London and its second location in Tokyo.

Minhang, Shanghai
Minhang District is a suburban district of Shanghai with a land area of 371.57 km2 (143.46 sq mi) and population of 2,653,489 residents as of 2020. The original Minhang consist of present-day Jiangchuan Road Subdistrict (Former Minhang Town) and the eastern strip of Wujing along the Huangpu River in 1992, the surrounding Shanghai County merged with Minhang.

It is mostly a residential district, though it is also home to some of the many factories and production facilities in Shanghai. Residential housing development is the main source of local government revenue. Qizhong Forest Sports City Arena (旗忠森林体育城) is located in Ma Qiao Town (马桥镇). The Aerospace Museum is being constructed at Pujiang Town.

Shanghai Jiao Tong University and East China Normal University both have campuses in the southern part of Minhang District.
Listed buildings in Redenhall with Harleston
Redenhall with Harleston is a civil parish comprising the town of Harleston and the neighbouring village of Redenhall in the South Norfolk district of Norfolk, England. It contains 146 listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England. Of these one is grade I, four are grade II* and 141 are grade II.

This list is based on the information retrieved online from Historic England.

Harleston, Norfolk
Harleston is a town in the civil parish of Redenhall with Harleston, in the South Norfolk district, in the county of Norfolk, England. It is 16 miles (26 km) from Norwich. In 2018, it had an estimated population of 5,067. Harleston is on the Norfolk/Suffolk border, close to the River Waveney. Harleston has two markets every Wednesday.

Harleston is an electoral ward comprising the civil parishes of Needham, Redenhall with Harleston, and Wortwell. At the last election, in May 2019, two Conservative councillors were elected to South Norfolk Council.
Glitch Mode (song)
"Glitch Mode" (Korean: 버퍼링; RR: Beopeoring; lit. "Buffering") is a song that was recorded by South Korean boy group NCT Dream. It was released as the lead single from their second studio album Glitch Mode (2022) on March 28, 2022, alongside an accompanying music video. The song was written by NCT Dream's member Mark and Yoo Jae-eun and was composed by Sam SZND alongside Benjamin 55 and Alony 55, who also worked on the arrangement.

Show! Music Core
Show! Music Core (Korean: 쇼! 음악중심; RR: Syo! Eumakjungsim), or simply Music Core is a South Korean music television program broadcast by MBC. It airs live every Saturday at 15:30 (KST). The show features some of the latest and most popular artists who perform live on stage. It is broadcast from MBC Dream Center in Goyang, Gyeonggi Province.
Knotten
Knotten is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Guri Knotten (born 1974), Norwegian cross-country skier

Iver Knotten (born 1998), Norwegian cyclist

Karoline Offigstad Knotten (born 1995), Norwegian biathlete

Karoline Offigstad Knotten
Karoline Offigstad Knotten (born 6 January 1995) is a Norwegian biathlete. She has competed in the Biathlon World Cup since 2018, and represented Norway at the Biathlon World Championships 2020 and the 2022 Winter Olympics.
Weyl law
In mathematics, especially spectral theory, Weyl's law describes the asymptotic behavior of eigenvalues of the Laplace–Beltrami operator. This description was discovered in 1911 (in the  case) by Hermann Weyl for eigenvalues for the Laplace–Beltrami operator acting on functions that vanish at the boundary of a bounded domain . In particular, he proved that the number, , of Dirichlet eigenvalues (counting their multiplicities) less than or equal to  satisfies

where   is a volume of the unit ball in . In 1912 he provided a new proof based on variational methods. Weyl's law can be extended to closed Riemannian manifolds, where another proof can be given using the Minakshisundaram–Pleijel zeta function.

Volume of an n-ball
In geometry, a ball is a region in a space comprising all points within a fixed distance, called the radius, from a given point; that is, it is the region enclosed by a sphere or hypersphere. An n-ball is a ball in an n-dimensional Euclidean space. The volume of a n-ball is the Lebesgue measure of this ball, which generalizes to any dimension the usual volume of a ball in 3-dimensional space. The volume of a n-ball of radius R is  where  is the volume of the unit n-ball, the n-ball of radius 1.

The real number  can be expressed via a two-dimension recurrence relation.
Closed-form expressions involve the gamma, factorial, or double factorial function. 
The volume can also be expressed in terms of , the area of the unit n-sphere.