hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Couette flow
In fluid dynamics, Couette flow is the flow of a viscous fluid in the space between two surfaces, one of which is moving tangentially relative to the other. The relative motion of the surfaces imposes a shear stress on the fluid and induces flow. Depending on the definition of the term, there may also be an applied pressure gradient in the flow direction.

The Couette configuration models certain practical problems, like the Earth's mantle and atmosphere, and flow in lightly loaded journal bearings. It is also employed in viscometry and to demonstrate approximations of reversibility.

It is named after Maurice Couette, a Professor of Physics at the French University of Angers in the late 19th century. Isaac Newton first defined the problem of Couette flow in Proposition 51 of his Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica, and expanded upon the ideas in Corollary 2.

Earth's mantle
Earth's mantle is a layer of silicate rock between the crust and the outer core. It has a mass of 4.01×1024 kg (8.84×1024 lb) and makes up 86% of the mass of Earth. It has a thickness of 2,900 kilometers (1,800 mi) making up about 46% of Earth's radius and 84% of Earth's volume. It is predominantly solid but, on geologic time scales, it behaves as a viscous fluid, sometimes described as having the consistency of caramel. Partial melting of the mantle at mid-ocean ridges produces oceanic crust, and partial melting of the mantle at subduction zones produces continental crust.
Oeceoclades petiolata
Oeceoclades petiolata is a terrestrial orchid species in the genus Oeceoclades that is endemic to northern and western Madagascar. It was first described by the German botanist Rudolf Schlechter in 1913 as Eulophia petiolata. Schlechter later moved this species to the genus Eulophidium in 1925. It was again moved to the genus Lissochilus by the French botanist Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie in 1941 and last transferred the genus Oeceoclades in 1976 by Leslie Andrew Garay and Peter Taylor. Garay and Taylor noted that this species is almost identical to O. alismatophylla in vegetative morphology, but the two differ in the shape of the labellum on the flower. The labellum is fiddle-shaped and has three thickened veins in front of the calli.

Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie
Joseph Marie Henry Alfred Perrier de la Bâthie (French pronunciation: [ʒozɛf maʁi ɑ̃ʁi alfʁɛd pɛʁje də la bati]; 11 August 1873 – 2 October 1958) was a French botanist who specialized in the plants of Madagascar.

He is the nephew of Eugène Pierre Perrier de la Bâthie, (1825-1916), another botanist, who also collected plants with him.

He delineated the two chief floristic provinces of Madagascar (see Ecoregions of Madagascar). Some of his works include La végétation malgache (1921), Biogéographie de plantes de Madagascar (1936), and numerous volumes of the series Flore de Madagascar et des Comores (1946-1952).
Central Baptist Church (Miami)
The Central Baptist Church is a historic church in Miami, Florida. It is located at 500 Northeast 1st Avenue. On January 4, 1989, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. On October 21, 2007, Central Baptist Church voted to merge with Christ Fellowship, originally named First Baptist Church of Perrine. The church was built in 1925.

The Central Baptist Church is directly served by the Miami Metrorail at Government Center via free transfers to the Metromover, which provides direct service to the College North station. The church is also within walking distance from the Historic Overtown/Lyric Theatre Metrorail station.

Government Center station (Miami)
Government Center station is an intermodal transit hub in the Government Center district of Downtown Miami, Florida. Operated by Miami-Dade Transit, it serves as a transfer station for the Metrorail rapid transit and Metromover people mover systems, and as a bus station for Miami's Metrobus and, during weekday rush hours, Broward County Transit buses. The station is connected via a pedestrian bridge over NW 3rd Street to the southern end of MiamiCentral and is directly linked to the Stephen P. Clark Government Center Building. It opened on May 20, 1984, adjacent to the site of a former Florida East Coast Railway station.
Edgar Naarits
Edgar Naarits (22 July 1920 – 4 May 2004) is an Estonian basketball coach and sport pedagogue.

He was born in Tartu. 1943–1944 he graduated from a sport school in Moscow.

In 1937 he founded Tartu Kalev basketball team.

During World War II, he was mobilized into Red Army. He got injured.

1945–1970 he taught at Tartu State University's Institute of Physical Education. 1976–1995 he was the headmaster of Tartu Basketball School. He has coached many basketball clubs and national teams (1946–1956 Estonia men's national basketball team, 1947–1976 Estonia women's national basketball team).

Awards:

1957: Merited Coach of Soviet Union

1999: Order of the White Star, IV class

2002: (Estonian: riiklik spordi elutööpreemia)

2020: chosen to the Hall of Fame of Estonian Basketball

Estonia men's national basketball team
The Estonia men's national basketball team (Estonian: Eesti korvpallikoondis) represents Estonia in international basketball matches. They are controlled by the Estonian Basketball Association. The team competed in their first international tournament at the 1936 Olympic Games. Estonia has also qualified for the EuroBasket six times overall, with their best results coming in 1937 and 1939. However, after 1939, Estonia halted national team activities due to the occupation of the Baltic states during World War II. Estonia rejoined FIBA in 1991, after restoring independence from the Soviet Union.
Claus Helberg
Claus Helberg (31 January 1919 – 6 March 2003) was a Norwegian resistance fighter and mountain guide. He was a member of Company Linge, a resistance commando unit that was best known for carrying out  Norwegian heavy water sabotage during World War II. After the war, he worked for the Norwegian Mountain Touring Association until his retirement in 1982. While volunteering with the Association after his retirement, he helped guide several members of the Scandinavian royalty. According to The New York Times, "[he was] the favorite mountain guide of Scandinavian royalty..." These clients included Queen Sonja and Margrethe II of Denmark.

Norwegian Independent Company 1
Norwegian Independent Company 1 (NOR.I.C.1, pronounced Norisén (approx. "noor-ee-sehn") in Norwegian) was a British  Special Operations Executive (SOE) group formed in March 1941 originally for the purpose of performing commando raids during the occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany. Organised under the leadership of Captain Martin Linge, it soon became a pool of talent for a variety of special operations in Norway.
Azione Cattolica
The Azione Cattolica Italiana, or Azione Cattolica (English: Catholic Action) for short, is a widespread Roman Catholic lay association in Italy. Members believe that priests have an ethical and religious duty to support the rights of the oppressed and the poor.

Italian People's Party (1919)
The Italian People's Party (Italian: Partito Popolare Italiano, PPI), also translated as Italian Popular Party, was a Christian-democratic political party in Italy inspired by Catholic social teaching. It was active in the 1920s, but fell apart because it was deeply split between the pro- and anti-fascist elements. Its platform called for an elective Senate, proportional representation, corporatism, agrarian reform, women's suffrage, political decentralisation, independence of the Catholic Church, and welfare legislation.
British Ironworks Centre & Shropshire Sculpture Park
The British Ironworks Centre & Shropshire Sculpture Park is a forge, silversmiths and sculpture park with a large showroom near Oswestry in Shropshire, England. The centre is famous for its safari park of sculptures, mostly in metal, and its gorilla made entirely of spoons. The centre is located on the A5 road 3.1 miles (5 km) south east of Oswestry town.

On site, the centre has a shop, café, forge, silversmiths, clock repairer, sculpture park and falconry.

A5 road (Great Britain)
The A5 is a major road in England and Wales. It runs for about 243 miles (391 km) from London to the Irish Sea at the ferry port of Holyhead. In many parts the route follows that of the Roman Iter II route which later took the Anglo-Saxon name Watling Street. It forms most of the London–Holyhead trunk road.
Soyuz 7K-ST No.16L
Soyuz 7K-ST No.16L, sometimes known as Soyuz T-10a or Soyuz T-10-1, was an unsuccessful Soyuz mission intended to visit the Salyut 7 space station, which was occupied by the Soyuz T-9 crew. However, it never finished its launch countdown; the launch vehicle was destroyed on the launch pad by fire on 26 September 1983. The launch escape system of the Soyuz spacecraft fired six seconds before the launch vehicle exploded, saving the crew. This is the only time a launch escape system has been fired before launch with a crew aboard.

The Soyuz T-10-1 explosion would also remain the only instance of a Russian crewed booster accident in 35 years, until the Soyuz MS-10 flight aborted shortly after launch on 11 October 2018 due to a failure of the Soyuz-FG launch vehicle boosters.

Booster (rocketry)
A booster is a rocket (or rocket engine) used either in the first stage of a multistage launch vehicle or in parallel with longer-burning sustainer rockets to augment the space vehicle's takeoff thrust and payload capability. Boosters are traditionally necessary to launch spacecraft into low Earth orbit (absent a single-stage-to-orbit design), and are especially important for a space vehicle to go beyond Earth orbit. The booster is dropped to fall back to Earth once its fuel is expended, a point known as booster engine cut-off (BECO).

Following booster separation, the rest of the launch vehicle continues flight with its core or upper-stage engines. The booster may be recovered, refurbished and reused, as was the case of the steel casings used for the Space Shuttle Solid Rocket Boosters.
Jack Brenchley
Jack Brenchley (23 November 1910 – 16 January 1970) was an Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He also played for and coached both Prahran and Oakleigh in the Victorian Football Association (VFA).

Prahran Football Club
The Prahran Football Club (IPA: /prəˈræn/), nicknamed the Two Blues, is an Australian rules football club based in the Melbourne suburb of Armadale. It has played at Toorak Park since 1899.

As of 2025, the club competes Premier C division of the Victorian Amateur Football Association (VAFA).
Product life-cycle management (marketing)
Product life-cycle management (PLM) is the succession of strategies by business management as a product goes through its life-cycle. The conditions in which a product is sold (advertising, saturation) changes over time and must be managed as it moves through its succession of stages. The economist Theodore Levitt referred to the concept in a 1965 Harvard Business Review article, where he observed that "most alert and thoughtful senior marketing executives", and even "a handful of uniquely cosmopolitan and up-to-date corporate presidents" were by then "familiar with the concept of the product life cycle" but needed to move forward in using it commercially.

Theodore Levitt
Theodore Levitt (March 1, 1925 – June 28, 2006) was a German-born American economist and a professor at the Harvard Business School. He was editor of the Harvard Business Review, noted for increasing the Review's circulation and popularizing the term globalization. In 1983, he proposed a definition for corporate purpose: "Rather than merely making money, it is to create and keep a customer".
McNiven Farm Complex
McNiven Farm Complex is a historic home and barn complex located at Guilderland in Albany County, New York.  The original house was built about 1790 and is a small Dutch house that is located to the rear of the present structure.  A substantial addition was completed in the mid-19th century.  It is a two-story, five bay wide farmhouse with a center entrance and gable roof. Also on the property is a vernacular barn complex.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.

Albany County, New York
Albany County (/ˈɔːlbəni/ ⓘ AWL-bə-nee) is a county in the state of New York, United States. Its northern border is formed by the Mohawk River, at its confluence with the Hudson River, which is to the east. As of the 2020 United States Census, the population was 314,848. The county seat and largest city is Albany, which is also the state capital of New York. As originally established by the English government in the colonial era, Albany County had an indefinite amount of land, but has had an area of 530 square miles (1,400 km2) since March 3, 1888. The county is named for the Duke of York and of Albany, who became James II of England (James VII of Scotland). The county is part of the Capital District region of the state.
2017 Men's European Volleyball League
The 2017 Men's European Volleyball League is the 14th edition of the annual Men's European Volleyball League, which features men's national volleyball teams from eight European countries.

A preliminary league round is played from 9 to 25 June 2017, and the final four tournament from 1 to 2 July 2017 at the Gentofte Sportspark in Gentofte, Denmark.

North Macedonia men's national volleyball team
The North Macedonia men's national volleyball team is the national volleyball team of North Macedonia. They are colloquially known as the Red Lions.

The team has participated in the European Championship since 2019.
Pip Russell
Pip Russell (born 1986) is an Australian children's television host. She co-hosted Toasted TV from 2005 to 2008 before moving to Totally Wild, Network Ten's wildlife program for children.

In 2014 she started Juiced, a television network aimed at children in hospital. Juiced TV airs weekly at the Queensland Children's Hospital.

Queensland Children's Hospital
The public Queensland Children's Hospital (QCH), on Stanley Street in South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, is the primary facility of Children's Health Queensland. QCH has an emergency department and intensive care unit, offering specialist general medical and surgical services.

The QCH is classified as a level-six service under the Clinical Services Capability Framework 2014, offering general health services to children and young people in the greater Brisbane metropolitan area and tertiary-level care.
Collinsville
There are a number of cities or towns named Collinsville:

Australia

Collinsville, Queensland, a rural town in the Whitsunday Region

Collinsville, South Australia, a locality.
Collinsville Station, a pastoral lease in South Australia associated with Collinsville, South Australia.

United States

Collinsville, Alabama

Collinsville, California

Collinsville, Connecticut

Collinsville, Georgia

Collinsville, Illinois, the largest US city named Collinsville

Collinsville, Mississippi

Collinsville, Ohio

Collinsville, Oklahoma

Collinsville, Texas

Collinsville, Virginia

Collinsville, Alabama
Collinsville is a town in DeKalb and Cherokee counties in the U.S. state of Alabama. It was incorporated in 1887. As of the 2020 census, Collinsville had a population of 2,059.

Collinsville's largest employer is Koch Foods. It is a poultry plant that employs approximately 800 people.
Philip A. White
Philip Augustus White (1823–1891) was an American pharmacist, aristocrat, advocate, and school board administrator. He was the Secretary for the New York Society for the Promotion of Education Among Colored Children and the first African American member of the Brooklyn Board of Education.

Aristocracy (class)
The aristocracy (from Greek ἀριστοκρατία aristokratía, "rule of the best"; Latin: aristocratia) is historically associated with a "hereditary" or a "ruling" social class. In many states, the aristocracy included the upper class with hereditary rank and titles. They are usually below only the monarch of a country or nation in its social hierarchy.
REPORT Act
The Revising Existing Procedures On Reporting via Technology Act (commonly called the REPORT Act) is a United States federal law enacted in 2024 which significantly expanded and clarified obligations on online service providers to report suspected online sexual exploitation of children. The law broadens the types of offenses that must be reported, extends data-retention requirements, and clarifies liability protections for companies, vendors, and victims. It amends existing provisions under 18 U.S.C. § 2258A and related statutes governing reports to the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children (NCMEC) CyberTipline.

Federal law
Federal law is the body of law created by the federal government of a country. A federal government is formed when a country has a central government as well as regional governments, such as subnational states or provinces, each with constitutionally entrenched powers. As a result, two or more levels of governments with constitutional powers exist within an established geographic territory. The body of law of the common central government is the federal law.

Examples of federal governments include those of Australia, Brazil, Canada, Germany, Malaysia, Pakistan, India, Russia, the former Soviet Union and the United States.
Someone Like Me (film)
Someone Like Me is a 2021 Canadian documentary film, directed by Steve J. Adams and Sean Horlor. The film centres on Drake, a gay man from Uganda who moves to Vancouver, British Columbia as a refugee, and the group of Canadians who have agreed to sponsor him through Rainbow Refugee; it documents his arrival in Vancouver and his adaptation to Canadian life, including friction among his sponsors when all he wants to do is celebrate his new freedom by partying, and the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic as a complicating factor.

The film premiered at the 2021 Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival, where it was named one of five winners of the Rogers Audience Award. It was subsequently screened at the DOXA Documentary Film Festival.

The film was a finalist for Best British Columbia Film at the Vancouver Film Critics Circle Awards 2021, and a nominee for the DGC Allan King Award for Best Documentary Film at the 2021 Directors Guild of Canada awards.

Vancouver Film Critics Circle Award for Best British Columbia Film
The Vancouver Film Critics Circle presents an award for Best British Columbia Film as part of its annual critics awards program, honouring the best films made within the Canadian province of British Columbia within the previous year.
859 Bouzaréah
859 Bouzaréah, provisional designation 1916 c, is a dark asteroid from the asteroid belt about 74 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered by French astronomer Frédéric Sy at the Algiers Observatory in Algeria, North Africa, on 2 October 1916.

The asteroid orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.9–3.6 AU about once every 6 years (2,117 days) and rotates around its axis in 23 hours. Its low geometric albedo of 0.047 has been measured by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite, IRAS.

The asteroid was named after Bouzaréah, location of the discovering observatory and suburb of the Algerian capital, Algiers. Its designation, 1916 c, is a superseded version of the modern two-letter code system of provisional designation, implemented just a few years later in 1925.

Center of Research in Astronomy, Astrophysics, and Geophysics
The Algiers Observatory was built in the late 19th century in the Algiers suburb of Bouzaréah, Algeria, North Africa. It participated in the Astrographic Catalogue project, taking the zone between -2 and +4 degrees to expose 1,260 plates between the years 1891 and 1911. At the tail end of that time, the director of the installation was François Gonnessiat.

It is now known as the Centre de Recherche en Astronomie Astrophysique et Géophysique (CRAAG), where it combines astronomy with work in astrophysics, and geophysical research, including the monitoring of earthquakes.
AN/SPS-48
The AN/SPS-48 is a US naval electronically scanned array air search 3D radar system manufactured by L3Harris Technologies and deployed in the 1960s as the primary air search sensor for anti-aircraft warships. The deployment of the AN/SPY-1 and the end of the Cold War led to the decommissioning of many such ships, and many of these vessel's AN/SPS-48 sets were reused on aircraft carriers and amphibious ships where it is used to direct targets for air defense systems such as the Sea Sparrow and RIM-116 SAM missiles. Existing sets are being modernized under the ROAR program to AN/SPS-48G standard for better reliability and usability.

In accordance with the Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), the "AN/SPS-48" designation represents the 48th design of an Army-Navy electronic device for surface ship search radar system. The JETDS system also now is used to name all Department of Defense electronic systems.

3D radar
3D radar provides for radar ranging and direction in three dimensions. In addition to range, the more common two-dimensional radar provides only azimuth for direction, whereas the 3D radar also provides elevation. Applications include weather monitoring, air defense, and surveillance.

The information provided by 3D radar has long been required, particularly for air defence and interception. Interceptors must be told the altitude to climb to before making an intercept. Before the advent of single unit 3D radars, this was achieved with separate search radars (giving range and azimuth) and separate height finding radars that could examine a target to determine altitude. These had little search capability, so were directed to a particular azimuth first found by the primary search radar.
Kettledrum (horse)
Kettledrum (1858–1885) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In a career that lasted from August 1860 to September  1861 he ran eight times and won four races. As a three-year-old in 1861, he won The Derby and the Doncaster Cup and finished second in the 2000 Guineas and the St Leger. At the end of the season he was retired to stud where he had limited success, and was later exported to Austria-Hungary.

St Leger Stakes
The St Leger Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Doncaster over a distance of 1 mile, 6 furlongs and 115 yards (2,921 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.

Established in 1776, the St Leger is the oldest of Britain's five Classic races. It is the last of the five to be run each year, and its distance is longer than any of the other four.

The St Leger is the final leg of the English Triple Crown, which begins with the 2000 Guineas and continues with the Derby. It also completes the Fillies Triple Crown, following on from the 1000 Guineas and The Oaks. The St Leger has rarely featured Triple Crown contenders in recent decades, with the only one in recent years being the 2012 2,000 Guineas and Derby winner Camelot, who finished second in the St Leger.
1988 United States House of Representatives election in the District of Columbia
On November 8, 1988, the District of Columbia held an election for its non-voting House delegate representing the District of Columbia's at-large congressional district. The winner of the race was Walter E. Fauntroy (D), who won his ninth re-election. All elected members would serve in 101st United States Congress.

The delegate is elected for two-year terms.

101st United States Congress
The 101st United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from January 3, 1989, to January 3, 1991, during the final weeks of Ronald Reagan's presidency and the first two years of George H. W. Bush's presidency.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1980 United States census. Both chambers maintained a Democratic majority.