hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tunagyna
Tunagyna is a monotypic genus of sheet weavers containing the single species, Tunagyna debilis. It was first described by Ralph Vary Chamberlin & Vaine Wilton Ivie in 1933, and is found in the United States, Canada, and Russia.

Wilton Ivie
Vaine Wilton Ivie (March 28, 1907 – August 8, 1969) was an American arachnologist, who described hundreds of new species and many new genera of spiders, both under his own name and in collaboration with Ralph Vary Chamberlin. He was employed by the American Museum of Natural History in New York. He also was a supporter of the Technocracy movement.
Pia Johansson
Pia Ann-Kristin Johansson (born 16 November 1960 in Umeå) is a Swedish actor, comedian and lecturer.

Johansson studied at the Skara scene school, which was followed by a degree from Swedish National Academy of Mime and Acting in 1989. After studying she was employed at Stockholm City Theatre's permanent ensemble. She has been a guest on a number of productions, such as På minuten, Så ska det låta and the radio show Sommar.
She has also taken part in the TV program Parlamentet. Johansson participated in Let's Dance 2016 which was broadcast on TV4.

Since adulthood, Johansson has been a practicing Catholic. She elaborated, "I have always felt that everything is animated. I kept a lot to myself, I didn't want my faith to be tarnished. But as an adult, I wanted to take all that seriously, so I sought out a Catholic priest and wanted to convert. It felt like Catholicism was more hardcore than the Church of Sweden. The sacraments, the confession, they felt right to me."

Parlamentet
Parlamentet (lit. 'the parliament') is a satirical panel gameshow on TV4, which parodies Swedish political debate. It was first broadcast in 1999 and is currently in its 23rd series. The current presenter is Anders S. Nilsson, who has hosted the show since 2004. Current team members include Babben Larsson, Robin Paulsson, Johan Rheborg and Johan Glans. Kodjo Akolor has also been featured.
The program is a Swedish version of the short-run British show If I Ruled the World. The comedians are divided into two teams (parties), red and blue, representing traditional political colours.
Critical Mass (book)
Critical Mass: How One Thing Leads to Another, a non-fiction book by English chemist and physicist Philip Ball originally published in 2004, discusses the concept of a "physics of society". Ball discusses thinkers such as Thomas Hobbes, Lewis Mumford, Emyr Hughes, and Gottfried Achenwall who have attempted to apply (or argue against the use of) physics, chemistry, or mathematics in the study of mass social phenomena. He also discusses how the concept relates to recent research, including his own.

Lewis Mumford
Lewis Mumford (October 19, 1895 – January 26, 1990) was an American historian, sociologist, philosopher of technology, and literary critic. Particularly noted for his study of cities and urban architecture, he had a broad career as a writer. He made significant contributions to social philosophy, American literary and cultural history, and the history of technology.

Mumford was influenced by the work of Scottish theorist Sir Patrick Geddes and worked closely with his associate the British sociologist Victor Branford. Mumford was also a contemporary and friend of Frank Lloyd Wright, Clarence Stein, Frederic Osborn, Edmund N. Bacon, and Vannevar Bush.
Ötüken Neşriyat
Ötüken Neşriyat is a publishing house founded in 1964 in Şehzadebaşı by university students. It publishes under the slogan “Books to be read at all times.” The first book it published was Reis Bey by Necip Fazıl Kısakürek. Subsequently, all of the author’s works were published by this publishing house. In its early years, Ötüken Neşriyat published works by prominent intellectuals of the period such as Yılmaz Öztuna, Tarık Buğra, Erol Güngör, Arif Nihat Asya, Cemil Meriç, Mehmet Fuad Köprülü, Abdülhak Şinasi Hisar, and Nihâl Atsız.

In 1978, with the partnership of its original founders Ahmet Nuri Yüksel, Nevzat Kösoğlu, Mehmed Niyazi Özdemir, Hasan Fehim Üçışık, Ahmet İyioldu, Özer Ravanoğlu, Mustafa Yıldırım, and Nurhan Alpay it became a joint stock company, thereby completing its institutionalization. In 2014, it celebrated its 50th anniversary. In 2015, it received the Culture and Arts Grand Award, a prestigious honor presented annually by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism.

Erol Güngör
Erol Güngör (Born Nov. 25 1938 in Kırşehir- Died 1983) was a Turkish social psychologist and writer. His work focused on the socially derived nature of language, morality, and values. Güngör wrote extensively on nationalism and culture at a time when Turkey was attempting to develop a national democratic identity.
Rock Lake Provincial Park
Rock Lake Provincial Park  is a provincial park in Alberta, Canada, located on the shores of Rock Lake, 64 km (40 mi) north-west from Hinton, north on the Bighorn Highway and 39 km west on an access road.

The park is situated around Rock Lake, on the eastern slopes of the Canadian Rockies, immediately east of Jasper National Park and Willmore Wilderness Park, at an elevation of 1,440 m (4,720 ft). It is managed by Alberta Tourism, Parks and Recreation and operated by Hinton Wood Products company.

There is, or was a bombshelter located in the basement of the ranger station.

Jasper National Park
Jasper National Park, in Alberta, Canada, is the largest national park within Alberta's Rocky Mountains, spanning 11,000 km2 (4,200 sq mi). It was established as Jasper Forest Park in 1907, renamed as a national park in 1930, and declared a UNESCO world heritage site in 1984. Its location is north of Banff National Park and west of Edmonton. The park contains the glaciers of the Columbia Icefield, springs, lakes, waterfalls and mountains.
Shirasu Lighthouse
Shirasu Lighthouse (白州灯台, shirasu tōdai) is a lighthouse on the island of Ainoshima, which is administered by Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyūshū, Japan. Work began in March 1872. The permanent light was lit 1 September 1873. It was one of the lighthouses designed by Richard Henry Brunton, who was hired by the government of Japan to help construct lighthouses to make coastal waters safe for foreign ships to approach, after Japan opened up to the West.

Richard Henry Brunton
Richard Henry Brunton FRGS MICE (26 December 1841 – 24 April 1901) was a British engineer known as the "Father of Japanese lighthouses". Brunton was born in Muchalls, Kincardineshire, Scotland.  He was employed by the government of Meiji period Japan as a foreign advisor (o-yatoi gaikokujin), primarily to build lighthouses.

Over a period of seven and a half years he designed and supervised the building of 26 Japanese lighthouses in the Western style, which became known as Brunton's "children". To operate the lighthouses he established a system of lighthouse keepers, based on the one used in Scotland. He also helped found Japan's first school of civil engineering. In 1871, he was received by Emperor Meiji in recognition of his efforts.
Minion (cannon)
The minion (from the French mignon or "dainty") was a type of smoothbore cannon used during the Tudor period and into the late 17th century. It was of a smaller bore diameter - typically 75 millimetres (3.0 in) - than larger cannons such as sakers and culverins, and usually fired round shot weighing 2.5 kilograms (5.5 lb).

Smoothbore
A smoothbore weapon is one that has a barrel without rifling.  Smoothbores range from handheld firearms to powerful tank guns and large artillery mortars. Some examples of smoothbore weapons are muskets, blunderbusses, and flintlock pistols. The opposite of smoothbore is rifling.
Gravity (Fred Frith album)
Gravity is a 1980 solo album by English guitarist and composer Fred Frith. It was Frith's second solo album, and his first since Henry Cow disbanded in 1978. It was originally released in the United States on the Residents' Ralph Records, as the first of three solo albums Frith would record for the label. Gravity has been described as an avant-garde "dance" record that draws on rhythm and dance from folk music across the world.

Gravity was recorded in Sweden, the United States and Switzerland, and featured Frith backed by Swedish Rock in Opposition group Samla Mammas Manna on the first side of the LP and by American progressive rock group the Muffins on the second side. Additional musicians included Marc Hollander of Aksak Maboul and Frith's former Henry Cow bandmate Chris Cutler.

Audio (magazine)
Audio magazine was a periodical published from 1947 to 2000. It was America's longest-running audio magazine. Audio published reviews of audio products and audio technology as well as informational articles on topics such as acoustics, psychoacoustics and the art of listening. Audio claimed to be the successor of Radio magazine which was established in 1917. the magazine was based in Philadelphia.
Time Expired (2011 film)
Time Expired is a 2011 comedy-drama film directed by Nick Lawrence, written by Rachel Tucker, and starring Eric Starkey, Topher Owen, Carrie Slaughter, and Rebekah Turner. It was shot in Oklahoma for a budget of $26,000. It premiered at WorldFest-Houston International Film Festival in April, 2011, where it won a Silver Remi award for best comedy feature.

It was released on VODO under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 License.

Creative Commons NonCommercial license
A Creative Commons NonCommercial license (CC NC, CC BY-NC or NC license) is a Creative Commons license which a copyright holder can apply to their media to give public permission for anyone to reuse that media only for noncommercial activities. Creative Commons is an organization which develops a variety of public copyright licenses, and the "noncommercial" licenses are a subset of these. Unlike the CC0, CC BY, and CC BY-SA licenses, the CC BY-NC license is considered non-free.

A challenge with using these licenses is determining what noncommercial use is.
Gareth Haggerty
Gareth Haggerty (born 8 September 1981) is a former Ireland international rugby league footballer. He played for the Widnes Vikings in the Co-operative Championship. He previously played for Harlequins RL, St Helens and the Salford City Reds all of whom play in the Super League.

Haggerty's usual position was as a prop. He is a specialist impact player, coming off the interchange bench.

London Broncos
The London Broncos are a professional rugby league club based in Wimbledon, England. They play their home games at Plough Lane and compete in the Betfred Championship.

Whilst the club has never won a major trophy, they have finished second in the League Championship once and have been Challenge Cup runners-up once. They have also won the Championship Grand Final, to gain promotion to the Super League, on two occasions.

Originally formed as Fulham Rugby League Club in 1980, they have also previously been known as London Crusaders and Harlequins Rugby League. London's home colours are black, red and white.
Tetrated dodecahedron
In geometry, the tetrated dodecahedron is a near-miss Johnson solid.  It was first discovered in 2002 by Alex Doskey.  It was then independently rediscovered in 2003, and named, by Robert Austin.

It has 28 faces:  twelve regular pentagons arranged in four panels of three pentagons each, four equilateral triangles (shown in blue), and six pairs of isosceles triangles (shown in yellow).  All edges of the tetrated dodecahedron have the same length, except for the shared bases of these isosceles triangles, which are approximately 1.07 times as long as the other edges.  This polyhedron has tetrahedral symmetry.

Topologically, as a near-miss Johnson solid, the four triangles corresponding to the face planes of a tetrahedron are always equilateral, while the pentagons and the other triangles only have reflection symmetry.

Pentagon
In geometry, a pentagon (from Greek  πέντε (pente) 'five' and  γωνία (gonia) 'angle') is any five-sided polygon or 5-gon.  The sum of the internal angles in a simple pentagon is 540°.

A pentagon may be simple or self-intersecting. A self-intersecting regular pentagon (or star pentagon) is called a pentagram.
The Story of Us (TV series)
The Story of Us is a 2016 Philippine television drama romantic series broadcast by ABS-CBN. Directed by Richard V. Somes, Will S. Fredo and Cathy Garcia-Molina, it stars Kim Chiu and Xian Lim. It aired on the network's Primetime Bida line up and worldwide on TFC from February 29 to June 17, 2016, replacing On the Wings of Love and was replaced by Born for You.

Cathy Garcia-Sampana
Catherine Rosales Garcia-Sampana (Tagalog pronunciation: [gaɾˈsɪa samˈpɐnɐ]; formerly Molina; born November 28, 1971) is a Filipino film and television director best known for directing romantic comedy and family drama films produced and distributed by Star Cinema. She has also directed a few television series on ABS-CBN, being one of the network's resident directors. Her films have been the highest-grossing Filipino film of the year on nine occasions, and on six occasions have been the highest-grossing Filipino film of all time.
Talysh Mountains
Talysh Mountains (Azerbaijani: Talış dağları, Persian: کوه‌های تالش, romanized: kuh-hâye tâleš, Talysh: Tolışə bandon) is a mountain range in far southeastern Azerbaijan and far northwestern Iran within Ardabil Province and Gilan Province.

Ardabil province
Ardabil province (Persian: استان اردبیل) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran. Its capital is the city of Ardabil. The province is in the northwest of the country, in Region 3, bordering the Republic of Azerbaijan, and the Iranian provinces of East Azerbaijan, Zanjan, and Gilan. Spanning an area of 18,011 km2, and established in 1993, Ardabil was carved out of the eastern part of East Azerbaijan province.
Impendle Nature Reserve
Impendle Nature Reserve is a 3,046-hectare (7,530-acre) protected area situated near the town of Impendle in the KwaZulu-Natal Midlands, South Africa. Managed by Ezemvelo KZN Wildlife, the reserve is a critical biodiversity site primarily dedicated to the preservation of high-altitude Midlands Mistbelt Grasslands and the protection of the endangered wattled crane.

Long-toed tree frog
The long-toed tree frog (Leptopelis xenodactylus) is a species of frog in the family Arthroleptidae found in South Africa and possibly Lesotho.
Its natural habitats are temperate grassland, swamps, freshwater marshes, and intermittent freshwater marshes.

This species generally uses semipermanent water, and its eggs are presumably laid in a nest on the ground near water. As the name implies, these frogs are often seen in trees or other high-growing vegetation.

It is threatened by habitat loss.
Headstarting
Headstarting is a conservation technique for endangered species in which young animals are raised artificially and subsequently released into the wild. The technique allows a greater proportion of the young to reach independence, without predation or loss to other natural causes.

For endangered birds and reptiles, eggs are collected from the wild are hatched using an incubator. For mammals such as Hawaiian monk seals, the young are removed from their mothers after weaning.

The technique was trialled on land-based mammals for the first time in Australia. In the three years prior to May 2021, young bridled nail-tail wallabies were placed in a fenced-off area of 10-hectare (25-acre) area within Avocet Nature Refuge in Queensland. The population, safe from their main predator, feral cats, more than doubled over this period.

Weaning
Weaning is the process of gradually introducing an infant human or other mammal to what will be its adult diet while withdrawing the supply of its mother's milk. In the UK, weaning primarily refers to the introduction of solid foods at 6 months; in the US, it primarily refers to stopping breastfeeding.

The process takes place only in mammals, as only mammals produce milk. The infant is considered to be fully weaned once it is no longer fed by any breast milk (or bottled substitute).
Thierbach Power Station
Thierbach Power Station was a brown coal-fired power station in the Leipzig Bay at Espenhain-Thierbach, Germany. It had a 300-metre-tall chimney, which belonged to the tallest free-standing structures of the former GDR (Eastern Germany).

New states of Germany
The new states of Germany (German: die neuen Länder / die neuen Bundesländer) are the five re-established states of the former German Democratic Republic (GDR)  that unified with the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) with its 10 "old states" upon German reunification on 3 October 1990.

The new states, which were dissolved by the GDR government in 1952 and re-established in 1990, are Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt, and Thuringia. The state of Berlin, the result of a merger between East and West Berlin, is usually not considered one of the new states although a number of its residents are former East Germans and some of its areas were in the former East Berlin. There have been 16 states in Germany since reunification.
2014 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group II – Pool C
Pool C of the 2014 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Group II was one of four pools in the Asia/Oceania Group II of the 2014 Fed Cup. Three teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top team and the bottom two teams proceeding to their respective sections of the play-offs: the top team played for advancement to Group I.

Pool (cue sports)
Pool is a group of cue sports played on a billiard table. The table has six pockets along the rails, into which balls are shot. Of the many different pool games, the most popular include: eight-ball, blackball, nine-ball, ten-ball, seven-ball, straight pool, one-pocket, and bank pool. Eight-ball is the most frequently played discipline of pool, and it is often thought of as synonymous with "pool".

The generic term pocket billiards is sometimes also used, and favored by some pool-industry bodies, but is technically a broader classification, including games such as snooker, Russian pyramid, and kaisa, which are not referred to as pool games. There are also hybrid games combining aspects of both pool and carom billiards, such as American four-ball billiards, bottle pool, cowboy pool, and English billiards.
Coughtrie
Coughtrie is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Richard Coughtrie (born 1988), English-born Scottish cricketer

Stan Coughtrie (1935–2022), Scottish rugby union footballer

Thomas Coughtrie (1917–2008), Scottish engineer and inventor

Thomas Coughtrie
Thomas Robb Coughtrie (25 November 1917 – 27 August 2008) was  a chartered engineer from Motherwell, Lanarkshire, Scotland.

He was credited by The Times as the inventor of the self-grip Mole wrench, although this conflicts with other sources which show the invention of the Vise-Grip locking pliers in Nebraska, United States, with an initial patent in 1921 and fuller developments patented in 1924.
Order of Saint Michael
The Order of Saint Michael (French: Ordre de Saint-Michel) is a French dynastic order of chivalry, founded by King Louis XI on 1 August 1469, in response to the Order of the Golden Fleece founded by Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy, Louis' chief competitor for the allegiance of the great houses of France, the dukes of Orléans, Berry, and Brittany. As a chivalric order, its goal was to confirm the loyalty of its knights to the king. Originally, there were a limited number of knights, at first thirty-one, then increased to thirty-six including the king. An office of Provost was established in 1476. The Order of St Michael was the highest Order in France until it was superseded by the Order of the Holy Spirit.

Although officially abolished by the government authorities of the July Revolution in 1830 following the French Revolution, its activities carried on. It is still recognised by the International Commission on Orders of Chivalry.

International Commission for Orders of Chivalry
The International Commission for Orders of Chivalry, established in 1960, is a privately run and privately funded organization consisting of scholars specializing in chivalric matters and systems of awards.
Hasdrubal the Boetharch
Hasdrubal the Boetharch (Punic: 𐤏𐤆𐤓‬𐤁‬𐤏𐤋‬, ʿAzrubaʿal) was a Carthaginian general during the Third Punic War. Little is known about him. "Boetharch" was a Carthaginian office, the exact function of which is unclear. It may derive from the Ancient Greek term "βοηθός (boēthós)" or "auxiliary," suggesting a leadership role among Carthage's mercenary armies. It is not to be confused with the Greek title boeotarch—a leader of the Boeotian Confederacy.

Punic language
The Punic language, also called Phoenicio-Punic or Carthaginian, is an extinct variety of the Phoenician language, a Canaanite language of the Northwest Semitic branch of the Semitic languages. An offshoot of the Phoenician language of coastal West Asia (modern Lebanon and north western Syria), it was principally spoken on the Mediterranean coast of Northwest Africa, the Iberian Peninsula  and several Mediterranean islands, such as Malta, Sicily, and Sardinia by the Punic people, or western Phoenicians, throughout classical antiquity, from the 8th century BC to the 6th century AD.
Ovarian cortex
The ovarian cortex is the outer portion of the ovary. The ovarian follicles are located within the ovarian cortex. The ovarian cortex is made up of connective tissue.  Ovarian cortex tissue transplant has been performed to treat infertility.

Connective tissue
Connective tissue is biological tissue that is found in between other tissues in the body. Most types of connective tissue consists of three main components: elastic and collagen fibers, ground substance, and cells.

It is one of the four primary types of animal tissue along with epithelial tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. It develops mostly from the mesenchyme, derived from the mesoderm, the middle embryonic germ layer.

The three meninges, membranes that envelop the brain and spinal cord, are composed of connective tissue. Blood and lymph are classed as specialized fluid connective tissues that do not contain fiber. All are immersed in the body water. The cells of connective tissue include fibroblasts, adipocytes, macrophages, mast cells and leukocytes.

The term "connective tissue" (in German, Bindegewebe) was introduced in 1830 by Johannes Peter Müller. The tissue was already recognized as a distinct class in the 18th century.
Kurauni
Kurauni is a village of India, which is located at Sheikhpura District in Bihar State in India. The old name of the village is Kurhani. The village comes in Mehus Panchyat, Police station is Korma, post office is Katri, Block Sheikhpura, Loksabha MP Constituency is Nawada and Mp is Chandan Singh and MLA Seat Area is Barbigha And MLA is Sudarshan Kumar. The total population of the village was 1,043 as per 2001 census report. The market of the village is Sheikhpura, Barbigha.

Sudarshan Kumar
Sudarshan Kumar (born 18 July 1981) is an Indian politician from Bihar and a two-time member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly. He won as a member of the Indian National Congress in the 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election, and won as a member of Janata Dal (United) from Barbigha in the 2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election. He ran a third time as an independent, but lost to Kumar Puspanjay of JD(U). He is a grandson of Rajo Singh who was a two-time MP from Begusarai Lok Sabha and was also elected as an MLA five times from Sheikhpura and once from Barbigha. His father, Sanjay Singh Munna, was MLA from Sheikhpura twice, and his mother, Shrimati Sunila Devi, was MLA of INC twice from the Sheikhpura constituency.