hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Neighborhood Preservation Committee (Oregon)
The Neighborhood Preservation Committee is a political action committee in Portland, Oregon, United States. It was founded by Kate Scheile, a 2002 candidate for President of Metro (Oregon regional government). The Oregon Secretary of State's web site lists two committees with identical names; their committee numbers are 5043 and 5148.

Neighborhood Preservation Committee published an argument in support of Oregon Ballot Measure 2 (2000), opposing urban density.

NPC supported Oregon Ballot Measure 37 (2004), though its financial contributions to the campaign were negligible.

NPC financed Initiative Petition Drive 57 in 2006, which placed Oregon Ballot Measure 39 (2006) on the ballot.

In the first half of 2006, NPC contributed $55,000 to Oregonians In Action, a political action committee that is known for having passed Measure 37 in 2004, as well as supporting Measure 39 and Republican candidates for the Oregon Legislative Assembly in 2006.

Urban density
Urban density is a concept used in urban planning, urban studies, and related fields to describe the intensity of people, jobs, housing units, total floor area of buildings, or some other measure of human occupation, activity, and development across a defined unit of area. In general terms, urban density describes the degree of concentration or compactness of people or development in a city. As such it is to be distinguished from other measures of population density. Urban density is considered an important factor in understanding how cities function. Research related to urban density occurs across diverse areas, including economics, health, innovation, psychology and geography as well as sustainability.

A 2019 meta-analysis of 180 studies on a vast number of economic outcomes of urban density concluded that urban density had net positive effects. However, there may be some regressive distributional effects.
Alcohol laws of Missouri
The alcohol laws of Missouri are among the most permissive in the United States. Missouri is known throughout the Midwest for its largely laissez-faire approach to alcohol regulation, in sharp contrast to the very strict alcohol laws of some of its neighbors, like Kansas and Oklahoma.

Missouri General Assembly
The Missouri General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Missouri. The bicameral General Assembly is composed of a 34-member Senate and a 163-member House of Representatives. Elections are conducted using first-past-the-post voting in single-member districts of roughly equal population. Members of both houses of the General Assembly are subject to term limits. Senators are limited to two four-year terms and representatives to four two-year terms, a total of 8 years for members of both houses. The General Assembly meets at the Missouri State Capitol in Jefferson City.

Polling from Saint Louis University showed that the General Assembly enjoyed a 45% approval rating in 2024, which was considered "relatively high" compared to other government institutions.
Bosler (surname)
Bosler is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Jean Bosler (1878–1973), French astronomer and author

John Bosler (born 1933), Australian rugby union player

Nan Bosler (born 1935), Australian community activist and advocate

Virginia Bosler (1926–2020), American actress

John Bosler
John Morgan Bosler (born 4 February 1933) was an Australian rugby union player.

Bosler, a scrum-half, was born in Sydney, and grew up in Dover Heights. He attended Rose Bay Public Primary School and was the only schoolboy player (League) to be awarded a Ray Norman Gold Badge for excellence in all-round football ability. He went to Sydney Boys High School, graduating in 1950, where he was selected for both CHS and GPS Firsts. Bosler is generally thought to be one of the top five players in the history of GPS rugby. He played halfback for Australia against South Africa in a Sydney test and against Fiji, and toured with the Wallabies in South Africa where the South African press awarded him the title of Best Scrumhalf in the World.
Södermanland Runic Inscription 270
Södermanland Runic Inscription 270 or Sö 270 is the Rundata catalog number for a Viking Age memorial runic inscription. It is located in Tyresta National Park, Tyresta, which is about two kilometers east of Brandbergen, Stockholm County, Sweden, which is in the historic province of Södermanland.

Scandinavian Runic-text Database
The Scandinavian Runic-text Database (Swedish: Samnordisk runtextdatabas) is a project involving the creation and maintenance of a database of transliterated runic inscriptions. The project's goal is to comprehensively catalog runestones in a machine-readable way for future research. The database is freely available via the Internet with a client program, called Rundata, for Microsoft Windows. For other operating systems, text files are provided or a web browser can be used to interact with the web application Runor.
Inpung Pavilion
The Inpung Pavilion (Korean: 인풍루; Hanja: 仁風樓) is a historic structure located in Kanggye, North Korea. It is listed as #64 on the list of National Treasures of North Korea.

The pavilion is located on the rocky cliffs banks of Jangja River, forming part of the town walls in Kanggye; the walls protected the city from invaders. Military training drills were held in the front courtyard of the Pavilion. Local lore holds that feudal rulers held bouts there, where there was drinking and reciting poems.

The pavilion was first built in 1472 and rebuilt in 1680. It has five bays on the front and three bays on the side. "By making use of natural slope, the pavilion has two storeys at the front and one storey at the back, and its floors are supported by 24 pillars which are about 1.18m long. The height of the ridge of its hip-saddled roofs is in conformity with the length and width of the building and the curved lines of its eaves and roofs look elegant."

Kanggye
Kanggye (Korean: 강계시; Korean pronunciation: [kɐŋ.ɡje]) is the provincial capital of Chagang, North Korea and has a population of 251,971. Because of its strategic importance, derived from its topography, it has been of military interest from the time of the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910).
David Childs
David Magie Childs (April 1, 1941 – March 26, 2025) was an American architect and chairman of the architectural firm Skidmore, Owings & Merrill. He was the architect of record for One World Trade Center in New York City, which became the Western Hemisphere's tallest skyscraper when it was completed in 2014.

Western Hemisphere
The Western Hemisphere is the half of the planet Earth that lies west of the Prime Meridian and east of the 180th meridian. The other half is called the Eastern Hemisphere. In the United States, the term "Western Hemisphere" is often used as a metonym for the Americas, even though geographically, the hemisphere also includes parts of other continents.
Traveler (mascot)
Traveler is a horse who is the mascot of the University of Southern California. Traveler appears at all USC home football games in the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum as well as many other outdoor events, including numerous Rose Parades. The current horse is Traveler IX. Although the Traveler web site describes Traveler as "pure white," most of the horses who have served as Traveler are actually gray horses whose hair coats have become completely white. (Truly white horses are rare.)  On November 4, 2012, the costumed version of Tommy and Traveler were introduced for men's and women's basketball games.

White horse
A white horse is born predominantly white and stays white throughout its life. A white horse has mostly pink skin under its hair coat, and may have brown, blue, or hazel eyes. "True white" horses, especially those that carry one of the dominant white (W) genes, are rare. Most horses that are commonly referred to as "white" are actually "gray" horses whose hair coats are completely white. Gray horses may be born of any color and their hairs gradually turn white as time goes by and take on a white appearance. Nearly all gray horses have dark skin, except under any white markings present at birth. Skin color is the most common method for an observer to distinguish between mature white and gray horses.
Catonetria
Catonetria is a monotypic genus of  dwarf spiders containing the single species, Catonetria caeca. It was first described by Alfred Frank Millidge & N. P. Ashmole in 1994, and has only been found on Ascension Island.

A. F. Millidge
Alfred Frank Millidge (1914 – 16 April 2012) was a British arachnologist who specialised in the spider family Linyphiidae. He co-authored the influential three-volume work British Spiders with G. H. Locket and conducted extensive taxonomic research on North American and South American linyphiid spiders.
Chambea
"Chambea" (transl. "Work") is a song by Puerto Rican rapper Bad Bunny. It was released by Rimas Entertainment on December 1, 2017, as a single. The song reached number seven in Spain, while in the United States, it peaked at number twenty-six on Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart.

Rimas Entertainment
Rimas Entertainment, commonly known as Rimas, is a Puerto Rican independent record label based in San Juan, Puerto Rico, with offices in Miami, Florida, Caracas, Venezuela and Medellín, Colombia. It mainly focuses on reggaeton and Latin trap. It represents artists such as Bad Bunny, Karol G (through Habibi Management), RaiNao, Mora, Arcángel, Tempo, Eladio Carrión, Pailita, Cris MJ, Amenazzy, Corina Smith, Neutro Shorty, Gigolo & La Exce, Jowell & Randy, Big Soto, Vico C (through Nain Music), Nino Neil, Quevedo and Sech among several others. Music is distributed through The Orchard.
Mirzapur (soundtrack)
Mirzapur is the soundtrack for the Amazon Prime Original web television series of the same name, created by Karan Anshuman. The series directed by Anshuman, Gurmmeet Singh and Mihir Desai features Pankaj Tripathi, Shweta Tripathi, Divyendu Sharma, Ali Fazal, Vikrant Massey, Shriya Pilgaonkar, Rasika Dugal, Harshita Gaur and Kulbhushan Kharbanda in the first season, whereas the second season has Vijay Varma, Isha Talwar, Lilliput, Anjum Sharma, Priyanshu Painyuli, Anangsha Biswas and Neha Sargam in prominent roles.

The series features 12 songs composed by Anand Bhaskar and John Stewart Eduri, who also composed the background score. It features few songs from the first and second season respectively. It was released on 21 October 2020 by Zee Music Company label.

Lilliput (actor)
M. M. Faruqui, known professionally as Lilliput, is an Indian actor and writer, known for the TV series Vikram Vetaal and Bollywood films. He adopted his screen name taking a cue from Lilliput and Blefuscu, two island nations in Jonathan Swift's novel Gulliver's Travels where Gulliver lands onto an island inhabited by little people.
Tommy Lowrey
Tommy Lowrey (6 September 1911 - 21 January 1991) was a three-times Classic-winning jockey whose major successes came either side of the Second World War, most notably on Airborne, trained by Dick Perryman, on which he won two of the three British Triple Crown races in 1946.

Goodwood Cup
The Goodwood Cup is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged three years or older. It is run at Goodwood over a distance of 2 miles (3,219 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late July or early August.
Schreier
Schreier is a surname  of German origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Christian Schreier (born 1959), German footballer

Dan Moses Schreier, American sound designer and composer

Jake Schreier (born 1981), American director

Józef Schreier (1909–1943), Polish mathematician

Karen Schreier (born 1956), American district judge

Otto Schreier (1901–1929), Austrian mathematician

Peter Schreier (1935–2019), German tenor and conductor

Richard Schreier, Canadian engineer

Sandy Schreier, American fashion historian and collector

Jason Schreier (born 1987), American journalist and author

Sandy Schreier
Sandy Schreier is an American fashion historian and collector of couture clothing, with over 15,000 items. She has been called "the world's largest private collector of couture clothing". Her interest in fashion began as a child when she went with her father, a furrier, to the Russeks department store where he worked. She has lent items from her collection to museums around the world but does not reveal where her collection is stored in order not to upset her insurers.
Huronian Supergroup
The Huronian Supergroup is a Proterozoic assemblage of geologic groups of the Superior Craton of the Canadian Shield in Ontario and Quebec. It extends from west of the city of Sault Ste. Marie in the west to the Ontario-Quebec border to the east and is part of the Southern Geologic Province.

Canadian Shield
The Canadian Shield (French: Bouclier canadien [buklje kanadjɛ̃]), also called the Laurentian Shield or the  Laurentian Plateau, is a geologic shield, a large area of exposed Precambrian igneous and high-grade metamorphic rocks. It forms the North American Craton (or Laurentia), the ancient geologic core of the North American continent. Glaciation has left the area with only a thin layer of soil, through which exposures of igneous bedrock resulting from its long volcanic history are frequently visible. As a deep, common, joined bedrock region in eastern and central Canada, the shield stretches north from the Great Lakes to the Arctic Ocean, covering over half of Canada and most of Greenland; it also extends south into the northern reaches of the continental United States.
Günter Wächtershäuser
Günter Wächtershäuser (born 1938 in Gießen) is a German chemist turned patent lawyer who is widely known for his work on the origin of life, and in particular his iron-sulfur world theory, a theory that life on Earth has hydrothermal origins. The hypothesis proposes that early life may have formed on the surface of iron sulfide minerals, hence the name.  It was developed by retrodiction from extant biochemistry in conjunction with chemical experiments. The theory is consistent with the hypothesis that life originated near seafloor hydrothermal vents. He was encouraged and supported by science philosopher Karl R. Popper to publish his ideas.

Hydrothermal circulation
Hydrothermal circulation in its most general sense is the circulation of hot water (Ancient Greek ὕδωρ, water, and θέρμη, heat ). Hydrothermal circulation occurs most often in the vicinity of sources of heat within the Earth's crust. In general, this occurs near volcanic activity, but can occur in the shallow to mid crust along deeply penetrating fault irregularities or in the deep crust related to the intrusion of granite, or as the result of orogeny or metamorphism. Hydrothermal circulation often results in hydrothermal mineral deposits.
Correll Nunatak
Correll Nunatak (67°35′S 144°14′E﻿ / ﻿67.583°S 144.233°E﻿ / -67.583; 144.233) is a nunatak lying within the western part of Mertz Glacier, about 13 nautical miles (24 km) south of Aurora Peak. It was discovered by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition (1911–14) under Douglas Mawson, who named it for Percy E. Correll, a mechanic with the expedition.

Mertz Glacier
Mertz Glacier (67°30′S 144°45′E﻿ / ﻿67.500°S 144.750°E﻿ / -67.500; 144.750) is a heavily crevassed glacier in George V Coast of East Antarctica. It is the source of a glacial prominence that historically has extended northward into the Southern Ocean, the Mertz Glacial Tongue. It is named in honor of the Swiss explorer Xavier Mertz.

The Mertz-Ninnis Valley (67°25′S 146°0′E﻿ / ﻿67.417°S 146.000°E﻿ / -67.417; 146.000﻿ (Mertz-Ninnis Valley)) is an undersea valley named in association with the Mertz Glacier and the Ninnis Glacier.
Schloss Einstein
Schloss Einstein is a long-running, popular German television series which is designed as a teenage soap opera. It portrays the lives of teenagers in Schloss Einstein (Castle Einstein), a fictional boarding school. The intended audience is 10- to 14-year-olds.

The series combines the genres of comedy, action, drama (e.g., first love, problems with parents and schoolmates), and natural science. Scripts for the series are written by prominent television script writers.

Action fiction
Action fiction is a genre in literature that focuses on stories involving high-stakes, high-energy, and fast-paced events. This genre includes a wide range of subgenres, such as spy novels, adventure stories, tales of terror, intrigue ("cloak and dagger"), and mysteries.  These kinds of stories utilize suspense, the tension that is built up when the reader wishes to know how the conflict between the protagonist and antagonist is going to be resolved or the solution to a mystery of a thriller.

The intricacies of human relationships or the nuances of philosophy and psychology are rarely explored in action fiction, typically being fast-paced mysteries that merely seek to provide the reader with an exhilarating experience.

Action fiction can also be a plot element of non-literary works such as graphic novels and film.
Symphony No. 19 (Haydn)
The Symphony No. 19 in D major, Hoboken I/19, is a symphony by Joseph Haydn. The symphony was  composed between 1757 and 1761.

It is scored for two oboes, bassoon, two horns, strings, and continuo.

The symphony is homotonal and in three movements:

Basso continuo
Basso continuo is a harmonic musical structure, almost universal in the Baroque era (1600–1750), that generally consisted of a bassline and a chord progression. The phrase is often shortened to continuo, and the instrumentalists playing the continuo part are called the continuo group.
Oxford Public School
Oxford Public School, Ranchi is a co-educational English medium senior secondary school in Ranchi, Jharkhand, India that was established on 16 April 1996. It is managed by the Tribal Rural Education and Welfare (registered under Society Registration Act of 1860), established by educationists and thinkers.

The curriculum here followed is of C.B.S.E., New Delhi for the All India Secondary School Examination and All India Senior School Certificate Examination (10+2), in three streams viz., Science, Commerce & Arts.

All India Senior School Certificate Examination
The All India Senior School Certificate Examination or  AISSCE  also known as Senior School Certificate Examination, SSCE  or  Class 12 Board Exams, is the final examination conducted every year for high school students by the Central Board of Secondary Education on behalf of the Government of India.

It is the equivalent of the A-level examination in the United Kingdom.
Transport in Somalia
Transport in Somalia refers to the transportation networks and modes of transport in effect in Somalia. They include highways, airports and seaports, in addition to various forms of public and private vehicular, maritime and aerial transportation.

Galkayo
Galkayo (Somali: Gaalkacyo, Arabic: جالكعيو, Italian: Gallacaio also known as Rocca Littorio) is the third-largest city in Somalia and serves as the capital of the north-central Mudug region.

Geographically, Galkayo is divided into four main quarters: Garsoor, Horumar, Israac, and Wadajir. Galkayo is divided between the regional states of Puntland and Galmudug. It serves as the capital of the Galkayo District as well as the Mudug region, and it has grown considerably in recent times, becoming a commercial hub connecting southern Somalia with the northern parts of the country.
Two Mile Prairie
Two Mile Prairie is an area in northern Columbia Township, Boone County, Missouri, United States, northeast of Columbia. Its elevation is 879 feet (268 m). It shares a name with Two Mile Prairie Elementary School in Columbia. The community is part of the Columbia Metropolitan Statistical Area. It was named for its location on a two-mile wide prairie.  It was described as "opulent" in 1908.

Columbia Township, Boone County, Missouri
Columbia Township is one of ten townships in Boone County, Missouri, USA.  As of 2012, its population was 41,475. The township contains the eastern half of the City of Columbia including most of the original (downtown) area.
Raghav Chadha
Raghav Chadha is an Indian politician and a member of the Aam Aadmi Party, who is serving as a member of parliament in the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of Indian parliament. He was elected to the Rajya Sabha by the Punjab Legislative Assembly in 2022. He served as the former vice chairman of the Delhi Jal Board and a member of the Delhi Legislative Assembly from the Rajinder Nagar constituency from 2020 till 2022. He is also a working chartered accountant.

Punjab Legislative Assembly
The Punjab Legislative Assembly or the Punjab Vidhan Sabha is the unicameral legislature of the state of Punjab in India. The Sixteenth Punjab Legislative Assembly was constituted in March 2022. At present, it consists of 117 members, directly elected from 117 single-seat constituencies.  The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner. The Speaker of the sixteenth assembly is Kultar Singh Sandhwan. The meeting place of the Legislative Assembly since 6 March 1961 is the Vidhan Bhavan in Chandigarh.
Bowmanville Creek
Bowmanville Creek (French: ruisseau Bowmanville) is a stream in the municipality of Clarington, Regional Municipality of Durham in south-central Ontario, Canada. It flows from the Oak Ridges Moraine to Lake Ontario at Bowmanville. The creek is under the auspices of the Central Lake Ontario Conservation Authority.

Clarington
Clarington (2021 population 101,427) is a lower-tier municipality in the Regional Municipality of Durham in Ontario, Canada. It was incorporated in 1973 as the town of "Newcastle" with the merging of the town of Bowmanville, the Village of Newcastle, and the townships of Clarke and Darlington, and was established on January 1, 1974. In 1993, the town was renamed "Clarington", a blending of the names of the two former townships. Darlington today is largely suburban, while Clarke remains largely rural. Bowmanville is the largest community in the municipality and is the home of the municipal offices.

Clarington is part of the Oshawa census metropolitan area in the eastern end of the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). Major employers in Clarington include the Darlington Nuclear Generating Station, General Motors Canada, and several medium to large-sized manufacturing businesses. Most residents commute for work in Durham Region or Toronto.
Muhammad al-Imadi
Dr. Muhammad al-Imadi (Arabic: محمد العمادي; 1930-2022) was a Syrian technocrat and economist. He is known for introducing economic reforms at a time when Syria's economy was strongly dominated by the socialist ideology of the Ba'ath Party. He is considered to have been the architect of Syria's economic liberalization policy, known as Infiraj.

Economy of Syria
The economy of Syria is a developing economy. Primarily based on agriculture in the country's early years, deteriorated  after the start of the Syrian civil war in March 2011.

In 2026, Syria's economy began a notable recovery, with gross domestic product projected to grow by nearly 10 percent, approximately double the rate of the previous year. The improvement has been attributed to the easing of sanctions, improved security conditions, and the return of skilled professionals to the country. Investment in infrastructure and the energy sector by regional partners has also contributed to the projected expansion.
Ira, Texas
Ira is an unincorporated community in Scurry County, Texas, United States. It lies in the southwestern corner of the county at the junction of State Highway 350 and Farm to Market Road 1606, 10 miles southwest of Snyder, and has an estimated population of 250.

Snyder, Texas
Snyder is a city in and the county seat of Scurry County, Texas, United States.  The population was 11,438 at the 2020 census.  The city is located in the lower part of the Southwestern Tablelands ecological region.