hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Newman–Shanks–Williams prime
In mathematics, a Newman–Shanks–Williams prime (NSW prime) is a prime number p which can be written in the form

NSW primes were first described by Morris Newman, Daniel Shanks and Hugh C. Williams in 1981 during the study of finite simple groups with square order.

The first few NSW primes are 7, 41, 239, 9369319, 63018038201, … (sequence A088165 in the OEIS), corresponding to the indices 3, 5, 7, 19, 29, … (sequence A005850 in the OEIS).

The sequence S alluded to in the formula can be described by the following recurrence relation:

The first few terms of the sequence are 1, 1, 3, 7, 17, 41, 99, … (sequence A001333 in the OEIS). Each term in this sequence is half the corresponding term in the sequence of companion Pell numbers. These numbers also appear in the continued fraction convergents to √2.

Square root of 2
The square root of 2 (approximately 1.4142) is the positive real number that, when multiplied by itself or squared, equals the number 2. It may be written as  or . It is an algebraic number, and therefore not a transcendental number. Technically, it should be called the principal square root of 2, to distinguish it from the negative number with the same property.

Geometrically, the square root of 2 is the length of a diagonal across a square with sides of one unit of length; this follows from the Pythagorean theorem. It was probably the first number known to be irrational. The fraction ⁠99/70⁠ (≈ 1.4142857) is sometimes used as a good rational approximation with a reasonably small denominator.

Sequence A002193 in the On-Line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences consists of the digits in the decimal expansion of the square root of 2, here truncated to 30 decimal places:

1.414213562373095048801688724209
Gonzalo Fernández Parrilla
Gonzalo Fernández Parrilla is a noted Spanish scholar and translator of Arabic literature. Since 2006, he has taught at the Autonomous University of Madrid, but he has also collaborated and taught at the Abdelmalek Essaâdi University in Tangier, the Saint Joseph University in Lebanon, the University of California, Berkeley, and the University of Castilla–La Mancha where he worked for more than a decade.

He has written a history of modern Moroccan literature entitled La literatura marroquí contemporánea. He is also the editor of a number of books of literary scholarship and criticism. He is the director of Memorias del Mediterráneo, a series of works of Arabic literature published in Spanish translation by Ediciones del Oriente y del Mediterráneo.

He served on the judging panel of the 2012 Arabic Booker Prize.

University of Castilla–La Mancha
The University of Castilla–La Mancha (Spanish: Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha; UCLM) is a public Spanish university. It offers courses in the cities of Albacete, Ciudad Real, Cuenca, Toledo, Almadén and Talavera de la Reina. This university was recognised by law on 30 June 1982, and began to operate three years later.

Research is a fundamental pillar of the university, which has 35 research and development centres and institutes, including the Institute for Regional Development, as well as the Science and Technology Park of Castilla-La Mancha. The Library of the University of Castilla-La Mancha has more than 1.3 million volumes.
Millennium (Earth, Wind & Fire album)
Millennium is the sixteenth studio album by American band Earth, Wind & Fire released in September 1993 on Warner Bros. Records. The album reached No. 8 on the US Billboard Top R&B Albums chart, No. 39 on the US Billboard 200, No. 18 on the Japanese Pop Albums chart and No. 29 on the Dutch Album Top 100. Millennium has also been certified Gold in Japan by the RIAJ.

Recording Industry Association of Japan
The Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ) (日本レコード協会, Nihon Rekōdo Kyōkai) is an industry trade group composed of Japanese corporations involved in the music industry. It was founded in 1942 as the Japan Phonogram Record Cultural Association, and adopted its current name in 1969.

The RIAJ's activities include promotion of music sales, enforcement of copyright law, and research related to the Japanese music industry. It publishes the annual RIAJ Year Book, a statistical summary of each year's music sales, as well as distributing a variety of other data.

Headquartered in Minato, Tokyo, the RIAJ has twenty member companies and a smaller number of associate and supporting members; some member companies are the Japanese branches of multinational corporations headquartered elsewhere.

The association is responsible for certifying gold and platinum albums and singles in Japan.
No. 4 Squadron IAF
No. 4 Squadron IAF (Oorials) is a fighter squadron of the Indian Air Force (IAF) equipped with the Su-30 MKI, based at Jodhpur Air Force Station in Jodhpur in, Rajasthan, India. Since its establishment during the South-East Asian theatre of World War II, No. 4 Squadron remains the only fighter squadron other than No. 3 Squadron IAF and No. 7 Squadron IAF to remain continuously in existence in the service of India.

Fourteenth Army (United Kingdom)
The British Fourteenth Army was a multi-national force comprising units from Commonwealth countries during the Second World War. It was composed of units of the British Army, many from the Indian Army, and significant contributions from the British Army's West and East African divisions. It was often referred to as the "Forgotten Army" because its operations in the Burma campaign were overlooked by the contemporary press, and remained more obscure than those of the corresponding formations in Europe for long after the war. For most of the Army's existence, it was commanded by Lieutenant-General William Slim.
Special Shabbat
Special Shabbatot are Jewish Shabbat (Hebrew: שבת) days on which special events are commemorated. Variations in the liturgy and special customs differentiate them from the other Shabbats (Hebrew: שבתות) and each one is referred to by a special name. Many communities also add piyyutim on many of these special Shabbatot. Two such Shabbats, Shabbat Mevarchim—the Shabbat preceding a new Hebrew month—and Shabbat Rosh Chodesh (which coincides with the new month/moon) can occur on several occasions throughout the year. The other special Shabbats occur on specific sabbaths before or coinciding with certain Jewish holidays during the year according to a fixed pattern.

Shekel
A shekel or sheqel (Akkadian: 𒅆𒅗𒇻, romanized: šiqlu, siqlu; Ugaritic: 𐎘𐎖𐎍, romanized: ṯiql, Hebrew: שקל, romanized: šeqel, plural Hebrew: שקלים, romanized: šəqālim, Phoenician: 𐤔𐤒𐤋) is an ancient Mesopotamian coin, usually of silver. A shekel was first a unit of weight of a value that varied over time and by issuing authority. It was also used in ancient Tyre, Carthage, Philistia and Hasmonean Judea.
Minoru Uchida
Minoru Uchida (内田 稔, Uchida Minoru) (March 18, 1927 – April 2, 2018) was a Japanese actor and voice actor from Okayama Prefecture. He was affiliated with Gekidan Subaru. He was married to fellow voice actress Reiko Niimura.

Okayama Prefecture
Okayama Prefecture (岡山県, Okayama-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [o.kaꜜ.ja.ma, o.ka.ja.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Chūgoku region of Honshu. Okayama Prefecture has a population of 1,815,165 (1 October 2025) and has a geographic area of 7,114 km2 (2,746 sq mi). Okayama Prefecture borders Tottori Prefecture to the north, Hyōgo Prefecture to the east, and Hiroshima Prefecture to the west.

Okayama is the capital and largest city of Okayama Prefecture, with other major cities including Kurashiki, Tsuyama, and Sōja. Okayama Prefecture's south is located on the Seto Inland Sea coast across from Kagawa Prefecture on the island of Shikoku, which are connected by the Great Seto Bridge, while the north is characterized by the Chūgoku Mountains.
André Buffière
Pierre André Buffière (12 November 1922 – 2 October 2014) was a French basketball player and coach. He was born in Vion, Ardèche. He was inducted into the French National Sports Hall of Fame in 1995. He was inducted into the French Basketball Hall of Fame, in 2004.

French Basketball Academy
The French Basketball Academy (French: Académie du basket-ball français) is a hall of fame that honors individuals (or whole teams) that have contributed to the spread and improvement of French basketball, through their sporting contributions, and their actions in support of the game in France. Inductees are chosen by the Hall's Honorary committee. It was founded in 2004.
Aleksandr Martynovich
Aleksandr Vladimirovich Martynovich (Belarusian: Аляксандр Уладзіміравіч Мартыновіч; Russian: Александр Владимирович Мартынович; born 26 August 1987) is a Belarusian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Kazakhstan Premier League club Kairat. In June 2011, he acquired Russian citizenship as well and is not considered a foreign player in Russian football competitions. He has played for the Belarus national team for 16 years.

Kazakhstan Super Cup
The Kazakhstan Super Cup (Kazakh: Қазақстан Суперкубогы, Qazaqstan Superkubogy) is a one-match football annual competition. The two participating clubs are the Kazakhstan Premier League champion and the Kazakhstan Cup winner. If these two competitions are won by the same team, then the other participant will be the runner-up of Kazakhstan Premier League.

The inaugural edition of the trophy was in 2008.
Syd Conabere
Sydney Leicester Conabere (8 July 1918 – 15 July 2008) was an Australian actor and puppeter. He was notable for his work in theatre, film and television drama in a career spanning more than fifty years. In 1962 Conabere won the Logie award for Best Actor, for his performance in the television play The One Day of the Year.

Z-Cars
Z-Cars or Z Cars (pronounced "zed cars") is a British television police procedural series centred on the work of mobile uniformed police and CID detectives in the fictional town of Newtown, based on Kirkby, near Liverpool. Produced by the BBC, it debuted in January 1962 and ran until September 1978.

Z-Cars ran for 801 episodes, of which fewer than half have survived. Regular stars included Stratford Johns (Detective Inspector Barlow), Frank Windsor (Det. Sgt. Watt), James Ellis (Bert Lynch), and Brian Blessed ("Fancy" Smith). Barlow and Watt were later spun into a separate series Softly, Softly.
Wiedźmin (album)
Wiedźmin is a 2001 album with music of Grzegorz Ciechowski for the film The Hexer, directed by Marek Brodzki, which was an adaptation of the collection of short stories by Andrzej Sapkowski of the same title.  The album contains 22 compositions. In 2002, Ciechowski received (posthumously) the Polish Film Awards for the album in the "Best Score" category.

The album has been certified "gold" by the Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry.

Andrzej Sapkowski
Andrzej Sapkowski (Polish: [ˈandʐɛj sapˈkɔfski]; born 21 June 1948) is a Polish fantasy writer. He is best known for his series of books The Witcher, which revolves around the eponymous monster-hunter, Geralt of Rivia. The saga has been popularized through video games, television, stage, comic books and translated into 37 languages making him the second most-translated Polish science fiction and fantasy writer after Stanisław Lem.

Described as the "Polish Tolkien", he has written multiple novels and short story collections, selling over 30 million copies worldwide. The influence of Slavic mythology is seen as a characteristic feature of many of his works. He is a five-time recipient of the Zajdel Award, Poland's most popular science fiction and fantasy prize, as well as many other awards and honors including David Gemmell Award, World Fantasy Life Achievement Award and the Gloria Artis Medal for Merit to Culture.
Aleksandr Yermilov
Aleksandr Yermilov (Hebrew: אלכסנדר ירמילוב; born 12 November 1960) is a Soviet flatwater kayaker/sprint canoer who competed in the early 1980s. He won four medal at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with three golds (K-4 10000 m: 1981 in Nottingham, Great Britain, 1982 in Belgrade, Yugoslavia; 1983 in Tampere, Finland) and a silver (K-4 1000 m: 1981).

He was born in Kharkiv, Ukraine. In the 1990s he immigrated to Israel. Then to Canada.

1982 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships
The 1982 ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships were held in Belgrade, Yugoslavia for the record fourth time. The Yugoslavian (now Serbian) city had host the championships previously in 1971, 1975, and 1978.

The men's competition consisted of six Canadian (single paddle, open boat) and nine kayak events. Three events were held for the women, all in kayak.

This was the seventeenth championships in canoe sprint.
Amel
Amel (German pronunciation: [aːml̩]; French: Amblève, French pronunciation: [ɑ̃blɛv]) is a Belgian municipality in the Walloon province of Liège, and is part of the German-speaking Community of Belgium (German: Deutschsprachige Gemeinschaft Belgiens). On 1 January 2013, the municipality of Amel had a total population of 5,466. The total area is 125.15 km2 which gives a population density of 44 inhabitants per km2.

The name Amel is of Celtic origin and means water. The river Amblève (German: Amel) flows through the municipality.

Amel is the birthplace of Karl-Heinz Lambertz, former leader (Minister-President) of the community executive of the German-speaking community of Belgium.

Minister-president
A minister-president or minister president is the head of government in a number of European countries or subnational governments with a parliamentary or semi-presidential system of government where they preside over the council of ministers. It is an alternative term for prime minister, premier, chief minister, or first minister and very similar to the title of president of the council of ministers.
A. Armstrong Farm
The A. Armstrong Farm was a historic farm located at Hockessin, New Castle County, Delaware. The property included two contributing buildings.  They were a log house with a stone addition added in the 1830s, and a frame tri-level stone and frame barn (c. 1830s).  The stuccoed log section was three bays wide, and it had a two-story, two bay stone wing. The farm house and barn were demolished before 2002.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.

New Castle County, Delaware
New Castle County is the northernmost of the three counties of the U.S. state of Delaware (New Castle, Kent, and Sussex). As of the 2020 census, the population was 570,719, making it the most populous county in Delaware, with nearly 60% of the state's population of 989,948. The county seat is Wilmington, which is also the state's most populous city. New Castle County is included in the Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is named after William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle (c. 1593–1676). New Castle County has the highest population and population density of any Delaware county, and it is the smallest county in the state by area. It has more people than the other two counties, Kent and Sussex, combined. It is also the most economically developed of the three.
Grefsen Depot
Grefsen Depot is a tram depot located next to the Grefsen station tram stop (the terminus of lines 17 and 18). Grefsen Depot is one of the only tramway depots in Oslo, along with the Holtet depot, which is near the Holtet tram stop. The depot currently stores SL79, SL95 and SL18 trams after the daily operating period ends. The depot has also formerly stored the Høka, the SM90 and the SM91 rolling-stock. The entire depot takes up approximately 15, 000 square metres. The depot has an office for Sporveien Trikken (the company that operates the trams on the network), as well as an association office for Oslo Sporveiers Arbeiderforening's Streetcar Club (a club that organises a significant amount of job instructors, substitute officers and wagon drivers on the tram).

M25 (tram)
The M25 was a class of 125 four-axle trams built for use on the Gothenburg Tramway in Sweden between 1958 and 1962. The class was used in passenger service in Gothenburg until 1994, undergoing major rebuild to accommodate Sweden's switch from driving on the left-hand side of the road to the right in 1967. After they were withdrawn from service in Gothenburg, 36 members of the class were sold for use on the Oslo Tramway in Norway, where they ran from 1991 until 2002. In Oslo the trams were known as class SM91, and were numbered 264 to 299.

The M25 was one of three similar classes, along with the M28 and M29 classes. All three classes were of similar exterior design, and any combination of them could be operated together in multiple unit with any vehicle leading.
Quintus et Ultimus Watson
Quintus et Ultimus Watson (July 2, 1874 – November 14, 1929), also known as Q. U. Watson, was an American politician from Texas. He was a member of the Texas Senate from the 19th district. Watson served as the acting governor of Texas for one day, on January 9, 1915, when he was the president pro tempore of the Texas Senate, after lieutenant governor William Harding Mayes had resigned, and Governor Oscar Branch Colquitt was in Louisiana. He also was the acting Lieutenant Governor of Texas.

He was a member of the prominent Houston law firm of Garrison & Watson, which had an office in the State National Bank Building. Garrison & Watson were General Division Attorneys for the Southern Pacific Railroad and represented many of the largest corporations in Houston.

State National Bank Building (Houston, Texas)
The State National Bank Building is a high-rise office building located at 412 Main Street in downtown Houston, Texas. Designed by architect Alfred Charles Finn, the building was built in 1923 in the Spanish colonial style. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on August 11, 1982.
Angel Javier
Angel Carrión Torres, better known as Angel Javier is a Puerto Rican salsa singer. Born on August 25 in San Juan, Puerto Rico, he is known for his hits "Que Hermoso Es" and "Quiero Amarte al Aire Libre". "Quiero Amarte al Aire Libre" peaked at number 19 on the Billboard Hot Latin Songs in the US. His debut album, En Cada Lugar (1990) topped the Billboard Tropical Albums chart. Javier was nominated Tropical New Artist of the Year at the 3rd Annual Lo Nuestro Awards in 1991.

Premio Lo Nuestro 1991
The 3rd Lo Nuestro Awards ceremony, presented by Univision honoring the best Latin music of 1990 and 1991 took place on May 23, 1991, at a live presentation held at the James L. Knight Center in Miami, Florida. The ceremony was broadcast in the United States and Latin America by Univision.

During the ceremony, seventeen categories were presented. Winners were announced at the live event and included Mexican singer-songwriter Ana Gabriel and Dominican group Juan Luis Guerra y 440, receiving three competitive awards each. Mexican band Bronco earned two accolades. The live show included performances by Daniela Romo, Myriam Hernández, Raúl di Blasio, Rudy La Scala, Franco de Vita, Luis Enrique, Banda Blanca, Los Tigres del Norte, Orquesta de la Luz, Azúcar Moreno, Yuri, and Mariachi Cobre.
Turps
Turps may refer:

Turpentine, colloquially turps, distilled tree resin, used as a solvent 
White spirit, turpentine substitute

Ian Turpie (1943–2012), or "Turps", Australian celebrity

Turps Banana magazine, founded in 2005 by Marcus Harvey

Ian Turpie
Ian Bruce Turpie (6 November 1943 – 11 March 2012), sometimes referred to as Turps, was an Australian performer, actor (theatre, television, film), pop singer and presenter (television, radio). He was the host of the teen pop music TV show, The Go!! Show (1965–66) and various TV game shows, The Price Is Right (1981–1985, 1989), and Supermarket Sweep (1992–1994). As a TV actor he portrayed Keith Warne on Swift and Shift Couriers (2008, 2011) and Wazza and Narrator in Housos (2011). He was diagnosed with oesophageal cancer in 2011 and died the following year, aged 68.
United States Spring Swimming Championships
The United States Spring Swimming Championships are held annually in the spring since 1962. The event is governed by USA Swimming. In the 1960s and 1970s, it was governed by USA Swimming's predecessor, the Amateur Athletic Union, as the AAU Indoor National Swimming Championships or National AAU Short Course Swimming Championships. It was originally a short course yards format; this format was revived in 2016 as the United States Short Course Swimming Championships.

USA Swimming
USA Swimming is the national governing body for competitive swimming in the United States. It is charged with selecting the United States Olympic Swimming team and any other teams that officially represent the United States, as well as the overall organization and operation of the sport within the country, in accordance with the Olympic and Amateur Sports Act. The national headquarters of USA Swimming is located at the U.S. Olympic & Paralympic Training Center in Colorado Springs, Colorado.
Cray XC40
The Cray XC40 is a massively parallel multiprocessor supercomputer manufactured by Cray.  It consists of Intel Haswell Xeon processors, with optional Nvidia Tesla or Intel Xeon Phi accelerators, connected together by Cray's proprietary "Aries" interconnect, stored in air-cooled or liquid-cooled cabinets. The XC series supercomputers are available with the Cray DataWarp applications I/O accelerator technology.

Floating point operations per second
Floating point operations per second (FLOPS, flops or flop/s) is a measure of computer performance in computing, useful in fields of scientific computations that require floating-point calculations.

For such cases, it is a more accurate measure than instructions per second.
2013 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships – Men's 5000 m
The men's 5000 meter at the 2013 KNSB Dutch Single Distance Championships took place in Heerenveen at the Thialf ice skating rink on Friday 9 November 2012. Although this tournament was held in 2012 it was part of the speed skating season 2012–2013.There were 20 participants.

Heerenveen
Heerenveen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɦeːrə(ɱ)ˈveːn] ⓘ, West Frisian: It Hearrenfean [ət ˌjɛrn̩ˈfɪən] ⓘ, Stellingwerfs: et Vene) is a town and municipality in the province of Friesland (Fryslân), in the Northern Netherlands. In 2021, the town had a population of 29,790 (1 January) while the municipality had a population of 50,859 (1 July).

The town itself is located southeast of Sneek and southwest of Drachten. Heerenveen is the oldest peat canal village in the Netherlands. Heerenveen is the fourth-largest place in Friesland in terms of population, but is not one of the eleven Frisian cities.

The municipality was formed on 1 July 1934, from parts of former municipalities Aengwirden and Schoterland, and a portion of the municipality of Haskerland. Boarnsterhim also merged into Heerenveen on 1 January 2014.
Jerovska Vas
Jerovska Vas (pronounced [jɛˈɾoːu̯ska ˈʋaːs]; Slovene: Jerovska vas) is a small dispersed settlement east of Sladka Gora in the Municipality of Šmarje pri Jelšah in eastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. The municipality is now included in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Dispersed settlement
A dispersed settlement, also known as a scattered settlement, is one of the main types of settlement patterns used by landscape historians to classify rural settlements found in England and other parts of the world.  Typically, there are a number of separate farmsteads scattered throughout the area. A dispersed settlement contrasts with a nucleated village.

The French term bocage is sometimes used to describe the type of landscape found where dispersed settlements are common.

In addition to Western Europe, dispersed patterns of settlement are found in parts of Papua New Guinea, as among the Gainj, Ankave, and Baining tribes. It is also frequently met with in nomadic pastoral societies.
In Ghana, Kumbyili in the northern region is also an example of a dispersed settlement