hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Proving ground
A proving ground is an installation or reservation in which technology such as weapons, military tactics and automobile prototypes are experimented with or tested. Proving grounds can be operated by government bodies or civilian industries. They are distinct from military training areas which are run by the military and intended for the routine training and exercising of troops across the terrain.

Bosch (company)
Robert Bosch GmbH (/bɒʃ/; German: [bɔʃ] ⓘ), commonly known as Bosch (styled BOSCH), is a German multinational engineering and technology company headquartered in Gerlingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The company was founded by Robert Bosch in Stuttgart in 1886. Bosch is 94% owned by the Robert Bosch Stiftung, a charitable institution. Although the charity is funded by owning the vast majority of shares, it has no voting rights and is involved in health and social causes unrelated to Bosch's business.

Bosch's core operating areas are spread across four business sectors: mobility (hardware and software), consumer goods (including household appliances and power tools), industrial technology (including drive and control), and energy and building technology.

In terms of revenue, Bosch is the largest automotive supplier. From 2025 onwards, Bosch faced massive economic problems in the automotive sector, because global sales of German cars are declining.
Third Pashinyan government
The Third Pashinyan government, which was formed on 6 August 2021, is the current executive branch of the government of Armenia. Nikol Pashinyan continued in his role as prime minister after his Civil Contract Party's victory in the 2021 Armenian snap parliamentary elections.

Civil Contract (Armenia)
Civil Contract (Armenian: Քաղաքացիական պայմանագիր, K’aghak’atsiakan paymanagir, ՔՊ/KP, often shortened to Քաղպայմանագիր, K’aghpaymanagir) is a centrist political party in Armenia. It has been the ruling party of Armenia since the 2018 Armenian parliamentary election, which occurred following the 2018 Armenian Revolution that brought the party's founder, Nikol Pashinyan, to power as prime minister.
Grande Fratello VIP season 2
Grande Fratello VIP 2 (as known by the acronym GFVIP2)  is the second celebrity season of the Italian reality television franchise Grande Fratello.

It was launched on Monday 11 September 2017 on Canale 5, with Ilary Blasi as presentator of the grand gala show on air every week, and Alfonso Signorini as opinionist, and Gialappa's Band. It was ended on Monday 4 December 2017 and the winner was Daniele Bossari. The 24h live is broadcast on Mediaset Extra, daily pillows are broadcast on Canale 5, Italia 1 and La 5. The show was scheduled to air for 12 weeks.

Italia 1
Italia 1 (Italian pronunciation [iˈtaːlja ˈuːno]) is an Italian free-to-air television channel on the Mediaset network, owned by MFE - MediaForEurope. It is aimed at both a young adult and adult audience.

Italia 1 was launched on 3 January 1982 and, was originally owned by Rusconi; after a few months, however, due to the aggressive dumping practices of Silvio Berlusconi's rival network Canale 5, Rusconi was forced to sell the majority of his company to Fininvest, allowing Berlusconi to further strengthen his media holdings.
Matthijs Kleyn
Matthijs Leonard Kleyn (born 24 June 1979 in Leiden) is a Dutch television presenter, novelist, and tabloid journalist.

In December 2006 Kleyn made headlines all over the world when Eddie Murphy told him in an interview for RTL Boulevard the unborn baby of Mel B is not Murphy's child. Representatives for Mel B later announced in People that a DNA test had confirmed that Murphy was the father.

Kleyn currently works for the Dutch TV show De Wereld Draait Door.

He's also the author of Vita, a Dutch novel which takes place in Amsterdam. It's about a girl, named Vita, who has depression and asks her boyfriend to help her commit suicide.

De Wereld Draait Door
De Wereld Draait Door ([də ˈʋeːrəl(t) draːit ˈdoːr]; DWDD) was an early-evening talk show on Dutch television, broadcast every weekday at 7:00 p.m. on NPO 1. It was the Netherlands' longest-running, regularly scheduled TV entertainment show and had the second-highest viewing figures of any Dutch television program, beaten only by the main evening news at 8.00 p.m. The title meant "The World Keeps Turning", or figuratively "The World Is Going Mad". The show, created by Dieuwke Wynia and produced by BNNVARA, was discontinued after the last episode on 27 March 2020.
Mooyah
Mooyah (stylized as MOOYAH) is an American fast casual restaurant chain headquartered in Plano, Texas. The chain reached over 100 locations in 20 U.S. states and nine countries in 2016 in North America and the Middle East. They specialize in hamburgers, french fries, and shakes. They are known for their beef hamburgers which use Angus beef and their French-fries.

American Angus
The American Angus is an American breed of beef cattle. It derives from the Scottish Aberdeen Angus population, but may only be black; red-coated individuals may not be registered with the American Angus Association, but can be registered as Red Angus.: 730 : 238
Windshield
The windshield (American English and Canadian English) or windscreen (Commonwealth English) of an aircraft, car, bus, motorbike, truck, train, boat or streetcar is the front window, which provides visibility while protecting occupants from the elements. Modern windshields are generally made of laminated safety glass, a type of treated glass, which consists of, typically, two curved sheets of glass with a plastic layer laminated between them for safety, and bonded into the window frame.

Motorcycle windshields are often made of high-impact polycarbonate or acrylic plastic.

Poly(methyl methacrylate)
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) is a synthetic polymer derived from methyl methacrylate. It is a transparent thermoplastic used as an engineering plastic. PMMA is also known as acrylic and acrylic glass and by the trade names and brands Crylux, Walcast, Wanjiale, Hesalite, Plexiglas, Acrylite, Lucite, PerClax, and Perspex, among several others (see below). This plastic is often used in sheet form as a lightweight or shatter-resistant alternative to glass. It can also be used as a casting resin, in inks and coatings, and for many other purposes.

It is often technically classified as a type of glass in that it is a non-crystalline vitreous substance, hence its occasional historical designation as acrylic glass.
Beach Sand Minerals Exploitation Centre
Beach Sand Minerals Exploitation Centre is an autonomous national research institute which carries out research on sand and minerals in Bangladesh and is located in Kalatali, Cox's Bazar District, Bangladesh. It has a pilot project for the extraction of sands from the beaches in Cox's Bazar District.

Cox's Bazar District
Cox's Bazar District (Bengali: কক্সবাজার জেলা) is a district in the Chittagong Division of Bangladesh.
It is named after the town of Cox's Bazar. It is located 150 kilometres (93 mi) south of Chittagong. Cox's Bazar is also known by the names Panowa ("yellow flower") and Palongkee.  The modern Cox's Bazar derives its name from Captain Hiram Cox (died 1799), an army officer who served in British India. It is one of the fishing ports of Bangladesh, and contains one of the world's longest natural sea beaches (120 kilometres (75 mi) long including mud flats).

In 1984 during the Ershad regime, Cox's Bazar district was established by dividing Chittagong District. Today, Cox's Bazar is a major tourist destination within Bangladesh.
Henry Dugwell Blackadar
Henry Dugwell Blackadar (6 February 1845 – 21 July 1901) was a newspaper editor and publisher from Halifax, Nova Scotia.

Blackadar is best known for his work with the Acadian Recorder, a newspaper founded in 1813 by Anthony Henry Holland. He carried on work of his father, Hugh William Blackadar.

Acadian Recorder
The Acadian Recorder was a weekly newspaper published during the 19th century in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. The newspaper was founded on January 16, 1813, by Anthony Henry Holland.

He was joined in 1821 by his brother, Philip.  In 1824, Philip assumed full control of the publication.  In 1837, the paper came under the ownership of John English and Hugh William Blackadar. The family retained control of the newspaper until it ceased publication on May 10, 1930, shortly after the death of C.C. Blackadar.

The newspaper was published for over a century printing local, national and international stories.  Other features of the paper included shipping news, marriage announcements and obituaries, a poetry and story section, a weekly almanac, and advertisements.
Dream/Killer
Dream/Killer, stylized onscreen as dream/killer, is a 2015 documentary film about the wrongful conviction of Ryan Ferguson based on the testimony of a classmate who said that he’d dreamt that Ferguson was the killer.  The film details the case and Bill Ferguson's journey to free his son. It debuted at the 2015 Tribeca Film Festival. It aired in August 2016 as a two-hour special on the Investigation Discovery network. The documentary was later released on Netflix in 2019.

2015 in film
2015 in film is an overview of events, including the highest-grossing films, award ceremonies, festivals, and a list of films released and notable deaths.

Fox Film (now 20th Century Fox), Universal City, California and Universal Studios Lot celebrated their 100th anniversaries; The Sound of Music and Dolby celebrated their 50th anniversaries.
Hajji Piri
Hajji Piri or Khvajeh Piri or Agha Piri and later known as Mohammad Piri was an Armenian merchant and Safavid official. He served during the reign of King (Shah) Suleiman I (r. 1666–1694) as mayor (kalāntar) of New Julfa, and briefly as controller of the assay (mo'ayyer ol-mamalek). He was also one of the wealthiest merchants in the Safavid state.

Armenian merchantry
From antiquity, Armenian merchants have played a pivotal role in transcontinental trade across Eurasia. Positioned strategically along the vital trade route linking Europe and Asia, Armenia's geographical advantage has sustained its centrality of international trade in the economic life of Armenians until the close of the early modern period. Armenians historically served as merchants at the crossroads of Central Asia, India, China, and the Mediterranean, facing persistent attacks from various quarters vying for control over the pivotal trade routes.

Armenians established colonies in various urban centers across Europe and Asia. Simultaneously, they developed necessary infrastructure for successful involvement in long-distance trade.

In the early modern era, Armenians played a highly active and potentially dominant role in overland trade. The significance of the Armenians in long-distance trade across Asia during the 16th to the 18th centuries is a pivotal subject in trade history.
Circuito Mexicano de Básquetbol
The Circuito Mexicano de Básquetbol, also known with the acronym CIMEBA, was a professional basketball league in Mexico. The first edition was the 1970–71 season, and it continued until the 2006–07 season, after which the league was discontinued. The league coexisted with the Liga Nacional de Baloncesto Profesional (LNBP) from 2000 to 2007, and with the Circuito de Baloncesto de la Costa del Pacífico (CIBACOPA) from 2001 to 2007.

Professional sports
In professional sports, as opposed to amateur sports, participants receive payment for their performance. Professionalism in sport has come to the fore through a combination of developments. Mass media and increased leisure have brought larger audiences, enabling sports organizations and teams to command large incomes. As a result, more sportspeople can afford to make sport their primary career, devoting the training time necessary to increase skills, physical condition, and experience to modern levels of achievement. This proficiency has also helped boost the popularity of sports. In most sports played professionally, there are many more amateurs than professional players, though amateurs and professionals do not usually compete.
Matthew Fell
Matthew Foster Fell (23 August 1875 – 17 March 1957) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Collingwood Football Club during the early years of the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Fell came to Collingwood from the town of Tungamah and made his senior debut in Round One 1898, soon establishing himself in the side as a utility player. He was a ruckman in the 1901 VFL Grand Final loss to Essendon Football Club and a defender in the 1902 and 1903 premierships. From 1903 until the third round of the 1904 VFL season he played in 17 successive wins. Fell's last game of VFL football was the 1905 VFL Grand Final, which Collingwood lost.

1905 VFL grand final
The 1905 VFL Grand Final was an Australian rules football game contested between the Fitzroy Football Club and Collingwood Football Club, held at the Melbourne Cricket Ground in Melbourne on 30 September 1905. It was the 8th annual Grand Final of the Victorian Football League, staged to determine the premiers for the 1905 VFL season. The match, attended by 28,000 spectators, was won by Fitzroy by a margin of 13 points, marking that club's fourth premiership victory and second in succession.
Princess Nathalie of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg
Princess Nathalie of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg (Nathalie Xenia Margrethe Benedikte; born 2 May 1975) is a Danish equestrian, an Olympian, and the daughter of Princess Benedikte of Denmark and Prince Richard of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Berleburg. She is the niece of Queen Margrethe II of Denmark and King Constantine II of Greece. Her first cousin is King Frederik X of Denmark.

A member of the Danish dressage team, she won bronze at the 2008 Summer Olympics and also participated in the 2012 Summer Olympics. She coached the Danish national dressage team from 2017 to 2021.

Equestrian at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Team dressage
The team dressage in equestrian at the 2012 Olympic Games in London was held at Greenwich Park from 2 to 7 August. The competition was performed on raised arena platforms for the first time, which were suspended by support struts.
Ducci
Ducci (pronounced [ˈduttʃi]) is an Italian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Brunetto Bucciarelli-Ducci (1914–1994), Italian politician and magistrate

Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci (born 1976), Italian cardiologist

Filippa Ducci (1520–1586), Italian-French noblewoman and mistress of Henry II

Jackie Ducci, American philanthropist, dressage rider and author

Luciano Ducci (born 1955), Brazilian doctor and politician

Sara Ducci (born 1971), Italian physicist

Varrone Ducci (1898–1945), Italian politician, landowner and lawyer

Virgilio Ducci (1623–?), Italian painter

Brunetto Bucciarelli-Ducci
Brunetto Bucciarelli-Ducci (18 June 1914 – 4 February 1994) was an Italian politician and magistrate.

His name appears in the list of members of the P2 lodge found in Castiglion Fibocchi on 17 March 1981.
Gil Gutknecht
Gilbert William Gutknecht Jr. (/ˈɡuːtˌknɛxt/, born March 20, 1951) is a former American politician. Gutknecht was a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives first elected in 1994 to represent Minnesota's 1st congressional district. Gutknecht lost his 2006 reelection bid to DFL candidate and future Governor Tim Walz, and his term ended in January 2007.

Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party
The Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL) is a political party in the U.S. state of Minnesota affiliated with the national Democratic Party. The party was formed by a merger between the Minnesota Democratic Party and the Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party in 1944. The DFL is one of two state Democratic Party affiliates with a different name from that of the national party, the other being the neighboring North Dakota Democratic–Nonpartisan League Party.

The DFL controls four of Minnesota's eight United States House of Representatives seats, both of its United States Senate seats, the Minnesota Senate, and all other statewide offices, including the Governor of Minnesota, making it the dominant party in the state. In the Minnesota House of Representatives, it has a power-sharing agreement with its main political rival, the Republican Party of Minnesota, following a tie in the 2024 Minnesota House of Representatives election.
Interference channel
In information theory, the interference channel is the basic model used to analyze the effect of interference in communication channels. The model consists of two pairs of users communicating through a shared channel. The problem of interference between two mobile users in close proximity or crosstalk between two parallel landlines are two examples where this model is applicable.

Unlike in the point-to-point channel, where the amount of information that can be sent through the channel is limited by the noise that distorts the transmitted signal, in the interference channel the presence of the signal from the other user may also impair the communication. However, since the transmitted signals are not purely random (otherwise they would not be decodable), the receivers may be able to reduce the effect of the interference by partially or totally decoding the undesired signal.

Point-to-point (telecommunications)
In telecommunications, a point-to-point connection is a communications connection between two communication endpoints or nodes. An example is a telephone call, in which one telephone is connected with one other, and what is said by one caller can only be heard by the other. This is contrasted with a point-to-multipoint or  broadcast connection, in which many nodes can receive information transmitted by one node. Other examples of point-to-point communications links are leased lines and microwave radio relay.

The term is also used in computer networking and computer architecture to refer to a wire or other connection that links only two computers or circuits, as opposed to other network topologies such as buses or crossbar switches which can connect many communications devices.

Point-to-point is sometimes abbreviated as P2P. This usage of P2P is distinct from P2P meaning peer-to-peer in the context of file sharing networks or other data-sharing protocols between peers.
Code integrity
Code integrity is a measurement used in the software delivery lifecycle. It measures how high the source code's quality is when it is passed on to QA, and is affected by how thoroughly the code was processed by correctness-checking processes (whether manual or automatic). Examples for such correctness-checking processes can be unit testing and integration testing, code review, test automation, AI-based code analysis etc. Code integrity is the combination of applying code correctness processes (software quality) along with metrics that measure the completeness of these correctness-checking processes, such as, for example, code coverage. While code integrity is usually achieved by unit testing the source code to reach high code coverage, it is definitely not the only way, or the best way, to achieve code integrity. In fact, code coverage, a popular metric to measure the thoroughness of unit tests, is known to have a limited correlation with the measure of real code integrity.

Code review
Code review (sometimes referred to as peer review) is a software quality assurance activity in which one or more people examine the source code of a computer program, either after implementation or during the development process. The persons performing the checking, excluding the author, are called "reviewers". At least one reviewer must not be the code's author.

Code review differs from related software quality assurance techniques like static code analysis, self-checks, testing, and pair programming. Static analysis relies primarily on automated tools, self-checks involve only the author, testing requires code execution, and pair programming is performed continuously during development rather than as a separate step.
Tunji Bello
Olatunji Bello Listenⓘ(born 1 July 1961) is a Nigerian lawyer, environmentalist, political scientist and journalist who served as Commissioner for Environment and Water Resources under the Babajide Sanwo-Olu administration in Lagos State from 2019 to 2023 and is the present Chief Executive Officer /Executive vice chairman of the FCCPC (Federal Competition and Consumer Protection Commission) since June 2024.[6]

University of Ibadan
The University of Ibadan (UI) is a federal university located in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. Initially founded as the University College Ibadan in 1948, it maintained its affiliation with the University of London. In 1962, it became an independent institution, making it the oldest degree-awarding institution in Nigeria. The University of Ibadan has significantly contributed to Nigeria's political, industrial, economic, and cultural development through its extensive network of graduates.

UI enrolls about 33,000 students, is internationally recognized, and has a number of accomplished alumni.
Michael Mallory
Michael Mallory (born 1955) is a writer on the subjects of animation and post-war pop culture, and the author of the books X-Men:  The Characters and Their Universe, Universal Studios Monsters:  A Legacy of Horror The Science Fiction Universe and Beyond, and Essential Horror Movies.  As an animation and film historian, he has written over 600 articles, frequently for Variety, the Los Angeles Times and Animation Magazine, and has been featured in documentaries and DVD extras about animation.  He co-authored the memoirs of animation legend Iwao Takamoto, which were published in 2009 as Iwao Takamoto:  My Life with a Thousand Characters. He has also written the script for the annual Annie Awards ceremony, the Oscars of the animation industry, since the mid-1990s.

Annie Awards
The Annie Awards are accolades which the Los Angeles branch of the International Animated Film Association, ASIFA-Hollywood, has presented each year since 1972 to recognize excellence in animation shown in American cinema and television. Originally designed to celebrate lifetime or career contributions to animation, the award has been given to individual works since 1992, becoming the biggest awards ceremony in the United States for the animation industry.

Membership in ASIFA-Hollywood is divided into three main categories: General Member (for professionals), Patron (for enthusiasts of animation), and Student Member. Members in each category pay a fee to belong to the branch. Selected professional members of the branch are permitted to vote to decide the awards.

The 48th and 49th Annie Awards ceremonies were held virtually on April 16, 2021, and March 12, 2022, respectively, due to the then ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
Nordlyset
Nordlyset (The Northern Light) was the first in a series of Norwegian-American newspapers published by the Norwegian immigrant community in the United States. The first issue was published on St. Olaf's Day (July 29) 1847 in the Muskego Settlement in the Wisconsin Territory. The editor of the newspaper was James DeNoon Reymert, an immigrant from Farsund, and the newspaper was printed in Even Hansen Heg's (1790–1850) cabin. The newspaper promoted new American values, such as freedom and equality. Many of its articles argued that the freedom of Norwegian expatriates was far greater in the United States, and that this was the main reason why many had emigrated from Norway. In 1850, the newspaper was purchased by Knud Langeland, who changed its name to Democraten (The Democrat).

Nordlyset was a strong opponent of slavery and actively supported the Free Soil Party.

Wisconsin Territory
The Territory of Wisconsin was an organized and incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 3, 1836, until May 29, 1848, when an eastern portion of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Wisconsin. Belmont was initially chosen as the capital of the territory. In 1837, the territorial legislature met in Burlington, just north of the Skunk River on the Mississippi, which became part of the Iowa Territory in 1838. In that year, 1838, the territorial capital of Wisconsin was moved to Madison.