hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Serostim
Serostim (recombinant DNA somatropin) is Serono's brand name prescription drug form of synthetic growth hormone, marketed for HIV-associated wasting.

In December 2007, the U.S. District Court of Massachusetts - in a class-action lawsuit that involved Merck Serono and Serostim - fined Serono a total of $704 million in criminal and civil liabilities for enacting "illegal schemes to promote, market and sell its drug."

Prescription drug
A prescription drug (also prescription medication, prescription medicine or prescription-only medication) is a pharmaceutical drug that is permitted to be dispensed only to those with a medical prescription. In contrast, over-the-counter drugs can be obtained without a prescription. The reason for this difference in substance control is the potential scope of misuse, from drug abuse to practising medicine without a license and without sufficient education. Different jurisdictions have different definitions of what constitutes a prescription drug.

In North America, ℞, usually printed as "Rx", is used as an abbreviation of the word "prescription". It is a contraction of the Latin word "recipe" (an imperative form of "recipere") meaning "take". Prescription drugs are often dispensed together with a monograph (in Europe, a Patient Information Leaflet or PIL) that gives detailed information about the drug.

The use of prescription drugs has been increasing since the 1960s.
Sulejman Pasha Skopljak
Suleiman Pasha Skopljak (Ottoman Turkish: سلیمان پاشا, romanized: Süleyman Paşa, Serbo-Croatian: Sulejman-paša Skopljak; fl. 1804–d. 1818) was an Ottoman Bosnian military commander and governor active in Rumelia (the Balkans), who became known for his role in fighting Serb rebels in the 1800s and 1810s. He served as the first Vizier of Belgrade (the Sanjak of Smederevo) after crushing the First Serbian Uprising (1804–1813).

Vizier
A Vizier (/ˈvɪziər/; Arabic: وزير, romanized: wazīr; Persian: وزیر, romanized: vazīr) is a high-ranking political advisor or minister in the countries of "greater Persia". The Abbasid caliphs gave the title wazir to a minister formerly called katib (secretary), who was at first merely a helper but afterwards became the representative and successor of the dapir (official scribe or secretary) of the Sassanian kings.

In modern usage, the term has been used for government ministers in much of the Middle East and beyond. Several alternative spellings are used in English, such as vizir, wazir, and vezir.

A collection of Vizier may introduce a Grand Vizier, within their civilization.
Uppland Runic Inscription Fv1946;258
Uppland Runic Inscription Fv1946;258 or U Fv1946;258 is the Rundata catalog designation for a Viking Age memorial runic inscription to two fathers that is located in Fällbro, which is about 5 kilometers northwest of Täby, Stockholm County, Sweden, which is in the historic province of Uppland.

Täby
Täby (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈtɛ̌ːbʏ] ⓘ) was previously a trimunicipal locality, with 76,700 inhabitants in 2024. However, as from 2016, Statistics Sweden has amalgamated this locality with the Stockholm urban area. It is the seat of Täby Municipality in Stockholm County, Sweden. It was also partly located in Danderyd Municipality (the Enebyberg area) and a very small part in Sollentuna Municipality.

Täby kyrkby in the northern part of Täby Municipality forms on the other hand part of the Vallentuna urban area.
Nogoyá
Nogoyá (Spanish pronunciation: [noɣ̞oˈʝa]) is a city in the province of Entre Ríos, Argentina. It has 22,824 inhabitants per the 2010 census [INDEC] and is the head town of the Nogoyá Department. It lies in the province's southwest, by the Nogoyá Stream (a tributary of the Paraná River), about 95 km southeast from the provincial capital Paraná, on National Route 12.

Paraná River
The Paraná River (Portuguese: Rio Paraná [ˈʁi.u paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Spanish: Río Paraná [ˈri.o paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Guarani: Ysyry Parana) is a river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some 4,880 kilometres (3,030 mi). Among South American rivers, it is second in length only to the Amazon River. It merges with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic Ocean.

The first European to go up the Paraná River was the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot, in 1526, while working for Spain.

A drought hit the river in 2021, causing a 77-year low.
America's Super Showcase
America's Super Showcase was a one-time variety special that aired on ABC on April 5, 1992, as a crossover episode on "America's Funniest People". The special opened as the latter show, then host Kevin Meaney joined Dave Coulier and Arleen Sorkin on the stage and introduced the show.

Arleen Sorkin
Arleen Frances Sorkin (October 14, 1955 – August 24, 2023) was an American actress, screenwriter, television presenter and comedian. Sorkin is known for portraying Calliope Jones on the NBC daytime serial Days of Our Lives and for serving as the inspiration and voice for DC Comics character Harley Quinn, co-created by her friend Paul Dini on Batman: The Animated Series.
Terry Sejnowski
Terrence Joseph Sejnowski (US: /ˌseɪˈnɒvskɪ/; born 13 August 1947) is the Francis Crick Professor at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies where he directs the Computational Neurobiology Laboratory and is the director of the Crick-Jacobs center for theoretical and computational biology. He has performed research in neural networks and computational neuroscience.

Sejnowski is also Professor of Biological Sciences and adjunct professor in the departments of neurosciences, psychology, cognitive science, computer science and engineering at the University of California, San Diego, where he is co-director of the Institute for Neural Computation. In 2025, he was elected to the American Philosophical Society.

With Barbara Oakley, he co-created and taught Learning How To Learn: Powerful mental tools to help you master tough subjects, the world's most popular online course, available on Coursera.

Coursera
Coursera Inc. (/kərˈsɛrə/) is an American for-profit online university, earlier operating as a global massive open online course provider from 2012 until 2021. It was founded in 2012 by Stanford University computer science professors Andrew Ng and Daphne Koller. Coursera works with universities and other organizations to offer online courses, certifications, and degrees in a variety of subjects.

On February 2, 2021, Coursera announced its B Corporation certification from B Lab and its transformation into a Public Benefit Corporation.

As of 2023, more than 300 universities and companies were offering courses through Coursera, and by 2024, the number of courses available had risen to approximately 7,000.

In December 2024, Gerg Hart, who served 23 years as Technical Advisor to Jeff Bezos at Amazon  was hired as Coursera's new CEO and ended the opportunity to audit courses for free, putting all of the previously free university courses under a paywall starting at USD49 per month.
1926 NSWRFL season
The 1926 New South Wales Rugby Football League premiership was the nineteenth season of Sydney’s top-level rugby league club competition, Australia’s first. Nine teams from across the city contested during the season, which culminated in South Sydney’s victory over Sydney University in the premiership final.

New South Wales Rugby League premiership
The New South Wales Rugby League premiership was the first rugby league football club competition established in Australia and contributor to today's National Rugby League. Run by the New South Wales Rugby League (initially named the New South Wales Rugby Football League) from 1908 until 1994, the premiership was the state's elite rugby league competition, parallel to Queensland's first-class league, the Brisbane Rugby League.

For most of the premiership's history it was contested by clubs from the state of New South Wales only, but later attempted to grow into a nationwide competition, eventually leading to the competition being played under the auspices of the Australian Rugby League in 1995.  Despite this name, the 1995 and 1996 Australian Rugby League Premierships competitions were still administered by the Board and staff of the New South Wales Rugby League.
Good Counsel College, Innisfail
The Good Counsel College (abbreviated as GCC) is an independent Roman Catholic co-educational secondary day school, located in Innisfail, Queensland, Australia. It is a diocese school administered by the Diocese of Cairns. The school serves Innisfail and South Johnstone / Mourilyan and Innisfail's outlying regional areas, generally extending north to Babinda, south to Tully and Mission Beach and inland to Millaa Millaa.

Mourilyan, Queensland
Mourilyan is a town and locality in the Cassowary Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It was established around the Mourilyan sugar mill which provided much of the employment in the area until it was destroyed by Cyclone Larry on 20 March 2006. In the 2021 census, the locality of Mourilyan had a population of 509 people.
Cave-in
A cave-in is a collapse of a geologic formation, mine or structure which may occur during mining, tunneling, or steep-walled excavation such as trenching. Geologic structures prone to spontaneous cave-ins include alvar, tsingy and other limestone formations, but can also include lava tubes and a variety of other subsurface rock formations. Glacier caves and other ice formations are very prone to collapse from exposure to warm temperatures or running water.

In mining, the term roof fall is used to refer to many types of collapses, ranging from the fall of a single flake of shale to collapses that form sink holes that reach to the surface. However, roof falls in mining are not all accidental. In longwall mining and retreat mining, miners systematically remove all support from under large areas of the mine roof, allowing it to settle just beyond the work area. The goal in such mining methods is not to prevent roof fall and the ensuing surface subsidence, but rather to control it.

Longwall mining
Longwall mining is a form of underground coal mining where a long single face of coal, known as a panel, is mined with a continuous cut across its entirety. Seams utilizing longwall panels are typically 4–20 ft (1.2–6.1 m) thick.The panel is typically 10,000–15,000 ft (3,000–4,600 m) long, but can be up to 20,000 ft (6,100 m) long and 1,000–1,500 ft (300–460 m) wide. The longwall method compares with shortwall, room-and-pillar, and several others.
Mandala 5
The fifth Mandala of the Rigveda has 87 hymns.  Most hymns in this book are attributed to the Atri family.  The mandala is one of the "family books" (mandalas 2-7), the oldest core of the Rigveda, which were composed in early vedic period(1500-1000 BCE).

The hymns are dedicated mainly to Agni and Indra, the Visvadevas, the Maruts, the twin-deity Mitra-Varuna and the Asvins. Two hymns each are dedicated to Ushas (the dawn) and to Savitar, one each to the Apris, Parjanya (rain), Prthivi (the Earth) and Varuna. 5.40 addresses Surya and Atri besides Indra.

Mitra–Varuna
Mitra and Varuna (Sanskrit: mitrā́váruṇā) are two deities frequently referred to in the ancient Indian scripture of the Rigveda. They are both considered Ādityas, meaning sons of Aditi; and they are protectors of the righteous order of Ṛta. Their connection is so close that they are frequently linked in the dvandva compound Mitra–Varuna.

Mitra-Varuna is also the title of a 1940 book in Proto-Indo-European mythology by Georges Dumézil.
Weather of 2024
The following is a list of weather events that occurred on Earth in the year 2024. There were several weather events which had a significant impact, such as blizzards, cold waves, droughts, heat waves, wildfires, floods, tornadoes, and tropical cyclones.

2024 Central Asian floods
In April 2024, extensive flooding impacted several regions of Kazakhstan and Russia, specifically in the Ural Mountains and Siberia. Snow melt caused freshets resulting in the Orsk Dam collapsing. In Russia, a federal emergency was declared. Hundreds of thousands of people were evacuated, including over 86,000 people in Kazakhstan. At least eight people died and hundreds of livestock have drowned in floods that are described to have inundated an area the size of western Europe.
Frances Hamerstrom
Frances Hamerstrom (December 16, 1907 – August 29, 1998) was an American writer, naturalist and ornithologist known for her work with the greater prairie chicken in Wisconsin, and for her research on birds of prey. Hamerstrom was a prolific writer, publishing over 100 professional papers and 10 books on the prairie chicken, harriers, eagles, and other wildlife topics. Some were translated into German.

Harrier (bird)
A harrier is a member of the genus Circus in Accipitridae, a family of birds of prey. Harriers characteristically hunt by flying low over open ground, feeding on small mammals, reptiles, or birds. The young of the species are sometimes referred to as ring-tail harriers. They are distinctive with long wings, a long narrow tail, the slow and low flight over grasslands and skull peculiarities. The harriers are thought to have diversified with the expansion of grasslands and the emergence of C4 grasses about 6 to 8 million years ago during the Late Miocene and Pliocene.
ShotCode
ShotCode is a circular barcode created by High Energy Magic of Cambridge University. It uses a dartboard-like circle, with a bullseye in the centre and datacircles surrounding it. The technology reads databits from the datacircles by measuring the angle and distance from the bullseye for each point.

ShotCodes are designed to be read with a regular camera (including those found on mobile phones and webcams) without the need to purchase other specialised hardware. ShotCodes differ from matrix barcodes in that they do not store regular data - rather, they store a look up number consisting of 40 bits of data. This needs to link to a server that holds information regarding a mapped URL which the reading device can connect to in order to download said data.

Webcam
A webcam is a video camera which is designed to record or stream to a computer or computer network. They are primarily used in video telephony, live streaming and social media, and security. Webcams can be built-in computer hardware, like a laptop, or peripheral devices, and are commonly connected to a device using USB or wireless protocol.

Webcams have been used on the Internet as early as 1993, and the first widespread commercial one became available in 1994. Early webcam usage on the Internet was primarily limited to stationary shots streamed to web sites. In the late 1990s and early 2000s, instant messaging clients added support for webcams, increasing their popularity in video conferencing. Computer manufacturers later started integrating webcams into laptop hardware. In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic caused a shortage of webcams due to the increased number of people working from home and children attending school remotely.
2012 Continental Cup of Curling
The 2012 World Financial Group Continental Cup of Curling was held from Thursday, January 12 to Sunday, January 15 at the Langley Events Centre in Langley, British Columbia. Just like in the previous year's event, the Continental Cup featured team events, mixed doubles events, singles competitions, and skins competitions, and the brunt of the points were won in the skins competitions. TSN broadcast the event, as it has in previous years.

Team World aimed to level the field after Team North America won the previous cup, which brought the overall total to 4–3 in favour of North America, and was successful, tying the overall total at 4–4. Team World's win ensured that no defending champion to date would successfully defend its title from the previous Cup, continuing a pattern that has occurred since the inception of the event. In their win, Team World also won the most points that they have won in this event, topping their score of 229 points won in 2006.

World Financial Group
34°03′27″N 84°10′09″W﻿ / ﻿34.057605°N 84.169202°W﻿ / 34.057605; -84.169202

World Financial Group (WFG) is a multi-level marketing financial and insurance services company based in Johns Creek, Georgia, a suburb of Atlanta, which sells investment, insurance, and various other financial products through a network of distributors in the United States, Canada, and Puerto Rico. It is wholly owned by Dutch life insurance multinational Aegon and operates primarily under the Transamerica brand in the United States.

World Financial Group associates are compensated by selling financial services products and receiving commission overrides from people that agents sponsor into the company.
Drogusza
Drogusza [drɔˈɡuʂa] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Bielawy, within Łowicz County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 25 km (16 mi) west of Łowicz and 35 km (22 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź. It is located in Łęczyca Land.

It was a private village of Polish nobility, administratively located in the Orłów County in the Łęczyca Voivodeship in the Greater Poland Province of the Kingdom of Poland.

Greater Poland Province, Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
Greater Poland Province (Polish: Prowincja Wielkopolska) was an administrative division of the Crown of the Kingdom of Poland from 1569 until 1795. The name of the province comes from the historic land of Greater Poland.

The Greater Poland Province consisted initially of twelve voivodeships (after 1768 thirteen voivodeships) and one duchy:

Brześć Kujawski Voivodeship

Chełmno Voivodeship

Gniezno Voivodeship, est. in 1768

Inowrocław Voivodeship

Kalisz Voivodeship

Łęczyca Voivodeship

Malbork Voivodeship

Masovian Voivodeship

Płock Voivodeship

Pomeranian Voivodeship

Poznań Voivodeship

Rawa Voivodeship

Sieradz Voivodeship

Prince-Bishopric of Warmia

The location of the Crown Tribunal for the Greater Poland Province (the highest appeal court of the province) was Piotrków Trybunalski, and after the Convocation Sejm (1764) also Poznań and Bydgoszcz.
2008 ADAC GT Masters
The 2008 ADAC GT Masters season was the second season of the ADAC GT Masters, the grand tourer-style sports car racing founded by the German automobile club ADAC. It began on 10 June at Motorsport Arena Oschersleben and finished on 21 September at Sachsenring after seven double-header meetings. Tim Bergmeister with help of his brother Jörg, Marc Basseng and Frank Stippler clinched the championship title.

Frank Stippler
Frank Stippler (born 9 April 1975) is a German racing driver. He has competed in such series as Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters, Rolex Sports Car Series and the Swedish Touring Car Championship. He won both the Porsche Supercup and Porsche Carrera Cup Germany series in 2003. He is also very successful in historic racing.

Stippler started racing at the age of 18 in an Alfa Romeo Alfetta. He is a race and development driver for Audi Sport since the early days of his career.

Stippler is a long time driver in the Nürburgring Endurance Series with 15 overall victories, most recently in October 2023. Additionally, he has taken three wins at the Nürburgring 24 Hours, winning in 2012, 2019, and 2024.
1983 NCAA Rifle Championships
The 1983 NCAA Rifle Championships were contested at the fourth annual tournament to determine the team and individual national champions of NCAA co-ed collegiate rifle shooting in the United States. The championship was held at Xavier University in Cincinnati, Ohio.

West Virginia, with a team score of 6,166, won their first team title, finishing 18 points ahead of three-time defending champion Tennessee Tech. The Mountaineers were coached by Olympian Edward Etzel.

The individual champions were, for the smallbore rifle, David Johnson (West Virginia) and, for the air rifle, Ray Slonena (Tennessee Tech).

Tennessee Tech Golden Eagles
The Tennessee Tech Golden Eagles  are the intercollegiate athletic teams of Tennessee Tech University (TTU), located in Cookeville, Tennessee, United States. The TTU  athletic program is a member of the Ohio Valley Conference (OVC) and competes in NCAA Division I, including the Football Championship Subdivision. Tech will leave the OVC for the Southern Conference (SoCon) after the 2025–26 school year. The SoCon sponsors all of Tech's sports except beach volleyball; the Golden Eagles' future affiliation in that sport has not been announced.

The Tech mascot is Awesome Eagle, and the school colors are purple and gold.
2006 Orange Prokom Open
The 2006 Orange Prokom Open was the ninth edition of this men's tennis tournament and was played on outdoor clay courts. The tournament was part of the International Series of the 2006 ATP Tour. It took place in Sopot, Poland from  31 July through 6 August 2006. First-seeded Nikolay Davydenko won the singles title.

Sopot
Sopot (Polish: [ˈsɔpɔt] ⓘ; Kashubian: Sopòt or Sopòtë) is a seaside resort city in the Pomeranian Voivodeship on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea in northern Poland, with a population of approximately 40,000. It has the status of county – the smallest city in Poland to have that status. Sopot lies between the larger cities of Gdańsk to the southeast and Gdynia to the northwest. The three cities together form the Tricity metropolitan area.

Sopot is a major health-spa and resort destination. It has the longest wooden pier in Europe, at 511.5 metres, stretching out into the Bay of Gdańsk. The city is also famous for the Sopot International Song Festival, the largest such event in Europe after the Eurovision Song Contest. Among its other attractions is a fountain of bromide spring water, known as the "inhalation mushroom".
Lukáš Endál
Lukáš Endál (born December 8, 1986) is a Czech professional ice hockey forward who currently plays for Ciarko PBS Bank KH Sanok of the PHL in Poland. He formerly played for HC Pardubice and HC Slavia Praha of the Czech Extraliga, and Piráti Chomutov and HC Havlíčkův Brod of the  1. národní hokejová liga.

Polska Hokej Liga
The Polska Hokej Liga (PHL) is the premier ice hockey league in Poland. The highest professional level of ice hockey in Poland is the Polish Hockey League (PHL); also referred to as the Polska Hokej Liga. Previously, it was known as the I Liga or Ekstraklasa from 1926 to 1999, and the Polska Liga Hokejowa from 1999 to 2013. In 2013, it was reorganized as a limited liability company and renamed the Polska Hokej Liga. It follows a system of relegation to and promotion to/from the Polish 1. Liga.

In the 2021–22 season, nine hockey clubs spread across Poland made up the league. Teams from the PHL can participate in the IIHF's annual Champions Hockey League (CHL), competing for the European Trophy. Participation is based on the strength of the various leagues in Europe (excluding the European/Asian Kontinental Hockey League). Going into the 2022–23 CHL season, the PHL was ranked the No. 12 league in Europe, allowing them to send their top team to compete in the CHL.
Fujinoki Station
Fujinoki Station (藤ノ木駅, Fujinoki-eki) is a railway station on the Kyūshū Railway Company (JR Kyūshū) Chikuhō Main Line (also known as the Wakamatsu Line) in Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka Prefecture, Japan.

Kyushu Railway Company
The Kyushu Railway Company, also referred to as JR Kyushu (JR九州, Jeiāru Kyūshū), is one of the seven constituent companies of Japan Railways Group (JR Group). It operates intercity rail services within Kyushu, Japan. It formerly operated the Beetle hydrofoil service across the Tsushima Strait between Fukuoka and Busan, South Korea, before its discontinuation in 2024. It also operates hotels, restaurants, and drugstores across its service region. JR Kyushu's headquarters are in Hakata-ku, Fukuoka.