hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Euryaspis
Euryaspis is a dubious genus of extinct thalassochelydian turtle from the Late Jurassic of Germany. The type and only species is Euryaspis radians, originally proposed by Wagner in 1859 before being validly described and illustrated in 1861. The only specimen was a partial carapace probably from the Tithonian, although the original locality is unknown. The genus is referred to Thalassochelydia and has been considered a synonym of Eurysternum or Acichelys before, but casts that remain of the lost holotype show that it bears no features that can clarify its validity making it a nomen dubium.

Tithonian
In the geological timescale, the Tithonian is the latest age of the Late Jurassic Epoch and the uppermost stage of the Upper Jurassic Series. It spans the time between 149.2 ±0.7 Ma and 143.1 ±0.6 (million years ago). It is preceded by the Kimmeridgian and followed by the Berriasian (part of the Cretaceous).
International Journal of Food Microbiology
The International Journal of Food Microbiology is a peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing research papers, short communications, review articles, and book reviews in area of food microbiology and relates fields of mycology, bacteriology, virology, parasitology, and immunology. It is currently published by Elsevier on behalf of the International Union of Microbiological Societies and Committee on Food Microbiology and Hygiene, and edited by L. Cocolin (Università di Torino).

University of Turin
The University of Turin (Italian: Università degli Studi di Torino, UNITO) is a public research university in the city of Turin, in the Piedmont region of Italy. It is one of the oldest universities in Europe and continues to play an important role in research and training.
Fort Henry, Dorset
Fort Henry is a Grade II listed World War Two observation bunker overlooking Studland Bay, in Dorset. It was built in 1943 to defend the bay from possible German invasion along with other beach defences such as gun emplacements, Type 25 pill boxes and concrete Dragon’s Teeth anti-tank obstacles (which have also been listed for protection).

Located at the top of Redend Point, on a small sandstone promontory, the bunker is 90 feet (27 m) long with walls, floor and ceiling all 3 feet (0.91 m) thick. There is an 80 feet (24 m) wide recessed observation slit. Its name derives from the home base in Ontario of the Canadian Royal Engineers who built it.

Today, it is owned by the National Trust and forms part of the Studland Beach Second World War walk.

An English Heritage spokesman commented following the bunker's listing on 20 November 2012:

Pillbox (military)
A pillbox is a type of blockhouse, or concrete dug-in guard-post, often camouflaged, normally equipped with  loopholes through which defenders can fire weapons. It is in effect a  trench firing step, hardened to protect against small-arms fire and grenades, and raised to improve the field of fire.

The modern concrete pillbox originated on the  Western Front of World War I, in the  German Army
in 1916.
Salat al-Istikharah
Salat al-Istikhaara (Arabic: صلاة الاستخارة), which translates as Prayer of Seeking Counsel, is a prayer recited by Muslims who seek guidance from God when facing a decision in their life. The prayer, known as salah in Arabic, is performed in two units of prayer or raka'ah followed by the supplication of Salat al-Istikhaara. It was revealed as a permissible substitute of belomancy and augury, which is haram in Islam, and was common in pre-Islamic Arabia.

Belomancy
Belomancy, also bolomancy, is the ancient art of divination by use of arrows. The word is built upon Ancient Greek: βέλος, romanized: belos, lit. 'arrow, dart', and μαντεία, manteia, 'divination'. Belomancy  was anciently practiced at least by Babylonians, Greeks, Arabs and Scythians.
Christian Cormack
Christian Cormack (born 1 September 1976 in Hammersmith, London) is a British rowing cox. He competed for the British National Team between 1996 and 2004, winning four medals at the World Rowing Championships including a gold in 2002, two silvers and a bronze medal. In the World Rowing Cup series he won gold in 2001 Munich, silver in 1997 Munich, 1998 Hazewinkel and bronze at 1998 Lucerne and 1999 Lucerne. He retired from rowing after competing at 2004 Athens Olympics.

Cormack also coxed the winning Cambridge eight in the Boat Race in 2001. His crews won the Prince Philip Challenge Cup at Henley Royal Regatta in 2003, and won the Head of the River Race five times – in 1999 and 2000 for Queen's Tower, and 2002, 2003 and 2005 for Leander Club.

World Rowing Cup
The World Rowing Cup is an international rowing competition organized by FISA (the International Rowing Federation). It began in 1997 and comprises three regattas (apart from in 2001 when there were four) held throughout early summer.  In each event points are awarded to the top seven finishing boats and an overall winner determined after the last world cup regatta each year.  During the regattas the current leader in each event must wear yellow bibs. The World Rowing Cup has only been staged outside Europe on 3 occasions, in 2001 Princeton and in both 2013 and 2014 Sydney.
1989 World Mountain Running Trophy
The 1989 World Mountain Running Championships was the 5th edition of the global mountain running competition, World Mountain Running Championships, organised by the World Mountain Running Association and was held in Châtillon-en-Diois, France on 16 September 1989.

Mountain running
Mountain running is a sports discipline which takes place mainly off-road in mountainous terrain, but if there is significant elevation gain on the route, surfaced roads may be used. In this it differs from fell running; its courses are more clearly marked and avoid dangerous sections. It is a form of trail running if it is run on unpaved surfaces. Mountain running is a combination of running, jogging, and walking, depending on how steep the trail is.

It is recognized by World Athletics and governed by the World Mountain Running Association, which has been organising world championships since 1985.
Harry Allen (Ontario politician)
Harry Marshall Allen (January 26, 1889 – September 13, 1963) was a Canadian politician who was a Member of Provincial Parliament in Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1945 to 1963. He represented the riding of Middlesex South for the Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario.

Born in Lambeth, Ontario, he was a farmer and lumberman. He died in office in 1963 of a heart attack.

Middlesex South (provincial electoral district)
Middlesex South was a provincial riding in Ontario, Canada, that was created for the 1934 election. It was abolished prior to the 1975 election. It was redistributed into the ridings of Middlesex, Huron—Middlesex and London South.
Alvord Lake (Arizona)
Alvord Lake is an urban fishing lake located in Cesar Chavez Park in Laveen, Arizona, at the southwest corner of 35th Avenue and Baseline Road.

Alvord Lake was part of a parcel of land willed to the city of Phoenix, Arizona by Gilbert Alvord.  Alvord was the sole heir to the Edgar Apperson fortune.  They made their home together in Phoenix, Arizona.

Laveen, Phoenix
Laveen (/ləˈviːn/ lə-VEEN) is a community in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States, situated eight miles (13 km) southwest of Downtown Phoenix, between South Mountain and the confluence of the Gila and Salt rivers. Parts of Laveen constitute an unincorporated community in Maricopa County, while the remainder falls within the city limits of Phoenix, constituting the city's "Laveen Village" an urban village. Laveen Village is split between District 7 and District 8, both notable as minority-majority districts for the city. Although Laveen has been home to "pastoral alfalfa, cotton, and dairy farms" since the 1880s, housing and commercial developments have been increasingly urbanizing the area.
Wi Whitu
Wi Whitu (1908–1983) was a notable New Zealand cook, blacksmith, midwife and exhumer. Of Maori descent, he identified with the Tuhoe iwi. He was born in Maungapohatu, Bay of Plenty, New Zealand in 1908.

Bay of Plenty
The Bay of Plenty (Māori: Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi) is a large bight along the northern coast of New Zealand's North Island. It stretches 260 kilometres (160 mi) from the Coromandel Peninsula in the west to Cape Runaway in the east. Called Te Moana-a-Toitehuatahi (the Ocean of Toitehuatahi) in the Māori language after Toi-te-huatahi, an early ancestor, the name 'Bay of Plenty' was bestowed by James Cook in 1769 when he noticed the abundant food supplies at several Māori villages there, in stark contrast to observations he had made earlier in Poverty Bay.
Dave Simons
Dave Simons (December 20, 1954 – June 9, 2009) was an American comic book artist known for his work on Conan, Ghost Rider, Red Sonja, and Spider-Man for Marvel Comics and Forgotten Realms for DC Comics. He is also known for commercial storyboard and games artwork work on The Secret Files of the Spy Dogs and Greyhawk Ruins.

Conan (comics)
Conan the Barbarian by Robert E. Howard was first adapted into comics in 1952 in Mexico. Marvel Comics began publishing Conan comics with the series Conan the Barbarian in 1970. Dark Horse Comics published Conan from 2003 to 2018, when the rights were reacquired by Marvel Comics. Marvel published Conan comics until 2022, when Titan Comics took over the license (through Heroic Signatures) to begin publishing its own series.
Kuppathu Raja (2019 film)
Kuppathu Raja (transl. King of Slums) is a 2019 Indian Tamil-language action comedy-drama film written and directed by choreographer Baba Bhaskar. The film stars G. V. Prakash Kumar, Parthiban, Palak Lalwani and Poonam Bajwa, with Yogi Babu in supporting roles. The background score and soundtrack were composed by G. V. Prakash himself, while cinematography was dealt by Mahesh Muthuswami and editing was managed by Praveen. The film began pre-production in March 2017. Kuppathu Raja is produced by Saravanan, Siraj and Saravanan under the banner S FOCUSS production.

Yogi Babu
Yogi Babu (born 22 July 1985) is an Indian actor and comedian who appears in Tamil films. Yogi started his acting career from 2009 and did many minor roles and got his breakthrough after Kalakalappu and Maan Karate, as of now he is credited as one of the highest paid comedians in Tamil Cinema. He is an recipient of two Tamil Nadu State Film Awards and five SIIMA Awards.
Theodor Leschetizky
Theodor Leschetizky (sometimes spelled Leschetitzky; Polish: Teodor Leszetycki; 22 June 1830 – 14 November 1915) was a Polish pianist, professor, and composer active in  Austria-Hungary. He was born in Łańcut in the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, then a crown land of the Habsburg domain. A well-regarded teacher, his many students included Ignaz Friedman, Ignacy Jan Paderewski, and Artur Schnabel.

Crown land
Crown land, also known as royal domain, is a territorial area belonging to the monarch, who personifies the Crown. It is the equivalent of an entailed estate and passes with the monarchy, being inseparable from it. Today, in Commonwealth realms, Crown land is considered public land and is not part of the monarch's private estate.
Château de Thorens
The Château de Thorens is a castle in the commune of Thorens-Glières in the Haute-Savoie département of France. It is accessible from the north-east of Annecy by a road of about 20 km, going up to the plateau of Glières. It is often confused with the Château de Sales, which  was formerly its neighbour of a few hundred metres but was destroyed on the order of King Louis XIII in 1630. Since the Liberation of France at the end of World War II, the castle has sometimes incorrectly been called Château de Thorens-Glières, based on the contemporary name of the commune, but it has always rightly been just de Thorens.

Thorens-Glières
Thorens-Glières (French pronunciation: [tɔʁɑ̃ ɡlijɛʁ]; Savoyard: Torin) is a former commune in the Haute-Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France. On 1 January 2017, it was merged into the new commune Fillière. It is the birthplace of St. Francis de Sales.
Hazel Robson
Hazel Robson (born 22 August 1979) is a Paralympian athlete from Great Britain competing mainly in category T36 sprint events.

Hazel competed in the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens in the 200m and 400m having won the gold medal in the 100m in Sydney four years earlier.  Four years later, competing under her married name of Simpson, she failed to defend the 100m title finishing second behind China's Wang Fang who also beat her into second in the 200m.

T36 (classification)
T36 is a disability sport classification for disability athletics.  It includes people who have coordination impairments such as hypertonia, ataxia and athetosis.  It includes people with cerebral palsy.  T36 is used by the International Paralympic Committee.  This classification competes at the Paralympic Games.
Fayland Chalk Bank
Fayland Chalk Bank is a 0.6-hectare (1.5-acre) Site of Special Scientific Interest in Parmoor, south of Lane End in Buckinghamshire. It is in the Chilterns Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The site is chalk grassland which has a diverse flora. The main grasses are red fescue, quaking grass and yellow oat grass. Orchids include the common spotted and pyramidal, and the profusion of chalk flowers and its south facing location make the site important for bees, grasshoppers and butterflies.

The site is on private land with no public access.

Festuca rubra
Festuca rubra is a species of grass known by the common name red fescue, creeping red fescue or the rush-leaf fescue. It is widespread across much of the Northern Hemisphere and can tolerate many habitats and climates. It is best adapted to well-drained soils in cool, temperate climates; it prefers shadier areas and is often planted for its shade tolerance. Wild animals browse it, but it has not been important for domestic forage due to low productivity and palatability. It is also an ornamental plant for gardens.
Miles Robinson (cricketer)
Miles Trevor Robinson (13 December 1929 – 28 September 2002) was an English cricketer. Robinson was a left-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium-fast. He was born at Eastbourne, Sussex, and educated at Shrewsbury School.

Robinson made two first-class appearances for Sussex in 1947 against Lancashire at The Saffrons, Eatbourne, and Gloucestershire at the County Cricket Ground, Hove. He batted once against Lancashire, being dismissed in this match for a duck by Jack Ikin, while against Gloucestershire he also batted once, scoring 4 runs before being dismissed by Monty Cranfield. He also bowled a total of 43 overs in these two matches, going wicketless in both.

He died at Hinton St George, Somerset on 28 September 2002. His brother, Jethro, also played first-class cricket.

The Saffrons
The Saffrons is a multi-purpose sports ground in Eastbourne, East Sussex. The ground is home to Eastbourne Cricket Club, Eastbourne Town Football Club, Eastbourne Hockey Club and Compton Croquet Club. There is also a sand dressed astroturf pitch.
The sports ground is located on the edge of Eastbourne town centre, next to the town hall and is in easy reach of local transport links. The ground was first used in 1884. Sussex County Cricket Club played some of their matches there between 1896 and 2000, and recently from 2017.

The complex has:

A football pitch.

Two cricket pitches, one of which is named Larkins field.

An Astroturf Hockey pitch.

Five Croquet lawns.

Sports bar and changing facilities.
Tolu Obanro
Tolulope Obanro known professionally as Tolu Obanro is a Nigerian film composer. He created the scores for Gangs of Lagos (2023), Jagun Jagun (2023), and A Tribe Called Judah (2023) which became the first Nollywood movie to hit ₦1 billion at the box office.

Nigerian naira
The naira (sign: ₦; code: NGN; Yoruba: náírà, Hausa: نَيْرَ, romanized: naira, Igbo: naịra, Tyap: nera) is the currency of Nigeria. One naira is divided into 100 kobo.

The Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) is the sole issuer of legal tender money throughout the Federal Republic of Nigeria. It controls the volume of money supplied in the economy in order to ensure monetary and price stability. The Currency Operations Department of the CBN is in charge of currency management, through the designs, procurement, distribution and supply, processing, reissue and disposal or disintegration of bank notes and coins.

A major cash crunch occurred in February 2023 when the Nigerian government used a currency note changeover—delivering too few of the new notes into circulation—to attempt to force citizens to use a newly created government-sponsored central bank digital currency.  This led to extensive street protests.
Blanco River (Veracruz)
The Blanco River (Río Blanco) is a river of central Veracruz state in eastern Mexico.

The Blanco's headwaters are in the mountains along the boundary between Puebla and Veracruz states, from Pico de Orizaba, Mexico's highest peak, in the north to the Sierra de Zongolica in the south, where the southeastern Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt meets the northern end of the Sierra Madre de Oaxaca. The upper Blanco forms a deep canyon, which is protected by Cañón del Río Blanco National Park. The river flows eastwards though the towns of Orizaba and Córdoba before emerging onto the southern Gulf Coastal Plain.

The Alvarado Lagoon System is an extensive coastal wetland and estuary formed by the lower Blanco and Papaloapan rivers, with lagoons, tidal channels, reed beds, mangroves, swamp forests, and coastal dunes.

Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt
The Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (Spanish: Eje Volcánico Transversal), also known as the Transvolcanic Belt and locally as the Sierra Nevada (Snowy Mountain Range), is an active volcanic belt that covers central-southern Mexico. Several of its highest peaks have snow all year long, and during clear weather, they are visible to a large percentage of those who live on the many high plateaus from which these volcanoes rise.
Appalachia Waltz (ballet)
Appalachia Waltz is a ballet made by Miriam Mahdaviani to excerpts from Edgar Meyer and Mark O'Connor's Appalachia Waltz, which was part of New York City Ballet's Diamond Project. The premiere took place Wednesday, June 20, 2000 at the New York State Theater, Lincoln Center.

David H. Koch Theater
The David H. Koch Theater is a theater for ballet and dance at Lincoln Center in the Lincoln Square neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. Originally named the New York State Theater, the venue has been home to the New York City Ballet since its opening in 1964, and served as home to the New York City Opera from 1964 to 2011. Renamed to honor philanthropist David Koch, the theater occupies the south side of the main plaza of Lincoln Center, opposite David Geffen Hall near 63rd Street and Columbus Avenue.
Mukhi Gobindram Pritamdas
Mukhi Gobindram Pritamdas was an Indian merchant and politician from Hyderabad, Sindh (present-day Sindh, Pakistan). He won a seat from Upper Sindh, Frontier District in the Sind legislative assembly in the 1937 election. Before being elected to the legislative assembly, he had been a member of the Hyderabad Municipal Council for fifteen years. He had also presided over various social welfare organisations.

Gobindram was the leader of the Sind Hindu Mahasabha in the legislative assembly. After the election, he was sworn in as a minister in the cabinet of Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah.

He again represented Upper Sindh, Frontier District in the 1946 Sind legislative assembly (which functioned between March and September 1946).

Hyderabad, Pakistan
Hyderabad, also known as Neroonkot, is the capital and largest city of the Hyderabad Division in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It is the second-largest city in Sindh, after Karachi, and the 7th largest in Pakistan.

Founded in 1768 by Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro of the Kalhora Dynasty, Hyderabad served as a provincial capital until the British transferred the capital to Bombay Presidency in 1840. It is about 150 kilometres (93 mi) inland of Karachi, the largest city of Pakistan, to which it is connected by a direct railway and M-9 motorway.
Dudyan
Dudiyan (Arabic: دوديان, romanized: Dūdīyān; Turkish: Düden) is a village in northern Aleppo Governorate, northwestern Syria. About 45 kilometres (28 mi) northeast of the city of Aleppo and just 4 km (2.5 mi) south of Syria's border with Turkey, it is administratively part of Nahiya Akhtarin of Azaz District. Nearby localities include Baraghida 7 km (4.3 mi) to the west and Tat Hims 9 km (5.6 mi) to the east. In the 2004 census, Dudiyan had a population of 1,164. Traveler Martin Hartmann noted the village as a Turkmen village in late 19th century. Dudiyan is inhabited by Turkmen. The village council has a total of six settlements affiliated with it (Dudiyan, Jaka, Kamaliya, Khalaftili, Baghidin, Qurah Mazr‘a). As of early 2023, its total population of 5,057 people, the majority of whom were displaced persons from other areas of Syria.

Martin Hartmann
Martin Hartmann (9 December 1851, Breslau – 5 December 1918, Berlin) was a German orientalist, who specialized in Islamic studies.

In 1875, he received his doctorate at the University of Leipzig as a student of Heinrich Leberecht Fleischer. From 1876 to 1887 he served as a dragoman at the German General Consulate in Beirut. From 1887 until his death in 1918 he taught classes at the Department of Oriental Languages in Berlin.

As a professor in Berlin he strove hard for the recognition of Islamic studies as an independent discipline. His numerous contributions to the field of Islamic studies were based on a sociological standpoint. Many of these works were published in the journal "Die Welt des Islams" (The World of Islam), a publication of the "Deutsche Gesellschaft für Islamkunde", an organization that Hartmann was a co-founder of in 1912.
Deaths in June 2024
The following is a list of notable deaths in June 2024.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Rowing at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Men's eight
The men's eight competition at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich took place from 27 August to 2 September at the Olympic Regatta Course in Oberschleißheim. There were 15 boats (135 competitors) from 15 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. The event was won by New Zealand, the nation's first medal in the men's eight. Silver went to the United States. East Germany also earned its first medal in the event, with bronze.
Herrad of Landsberg
Herrad of Landsberg (Latin: Herrada Landsbergensis; c. 1130 – July 25, 1195) was a 12th-century Alsatian nun and abbess of Hohenburg Abbey in the Vosges mountains. She was known as the author of the pictorial encyclopedia Hortus deliciarum (The Garden of Delights).

Vosges
The Vosges (/voʊʒ/ VOHZH, French: [voʒ] ⓘ; German: Vogesen [voˈɡeːzn̩] ⓘ; Franconian and Alemannic German: Vogese) is a range of medium mountains in Eastern France, near its border with Germany. Together with the Palatine Forest to the north on the German side of the border, they form a single geomorphological unit and low mountain range of around 8,000 km2 (3,100 sq mi) in area. It runs in a north-northeast direction from the Burgundian Gate (the Belfort–Ronchamp–Lure line) to the Börrstadt Basin (the Winnweiler–Börrstadt–Göllheim line), and forms the western boundary of the Upper Rhine Plain.

The Grand Ballon is the highest peak at 1,424 m (4,672 ft), followed by the Storkenkopf (1,366 m, 4,482 ft), and the Hohneck (1,364 m, 4,475 ft).