hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David Hertzberg
David Hertzberg (born January 14, 1990) is an American composer of chamber, orchestral, and operatic music. He has received significant critical attention for his two site-specific operas, The Wake World and The Rose Elf, for which he wrote both music and libretto.

Site-specific art
Site-specific art refers to artworks created for a particular location and designed to have meaning through their relationship to that site. Typically, the artist takes the location into account while planning and creating the artwork. Site-specific art is produced both by commercial artists and independently, and can include some instances of work such as sculpture, stencil graffiti, rock balancing, and other art forms. Installations can be in urban areas, remote natural settings, or underwater.
Horseshoe Barn and Annex
The Horseshoe Barn and Horseshoe Barn Annex are two exhibit buildings located at Shelburne Museum in Shelburne, Vermont. Both buildings exhibit a variety of horse-drawn vehicles, including carriages, trade wagons, stagecoaches, and sleighs.

Shelburne, Vermont
Shelburne is a town in Chittenden County, Vermont, United States. Located along the shores of Lake Champlain, Shelburne's town center lies approximately 7 miles (11 km) south of the city center of Burlington, the most populous city in the U.S. state of Vermont. As of the 2020 census, the population of Shelburne was 7,717.

The main settlement of Shelburne in the center of town is a census-designated place (CDP), with a population of 6,178 at the 2020 census. Shelburne municipality has the highest median income in both Chittenden County and the Burlington metropolitan area.
Waszkowo
Waszkowo [vaʂˈkɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Poniec, within Gostyń County, Greater Poland Voivodeship, in west-central Poland. It was in Leszno Voivodeship from 1975 to 1998.

The village is locally known for its early Renaissance church. The church was founded as an Evangelic temple but later became Roman Catholic.

Leszno Voivodeship
Leszno Voivodeship (Polish: województwo leszczyńskie) was a unit of administrative division and local government in Poland from 1975 to 1998, superseded by Greater Poland Voivodeship. Its capital city was Leszno.
Akutikha
Akutikha (Russian: Акутиха) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Akutikhinsky Selsoviet, Bystroistoksky District, Altai Krai, Russia. The population was 1,063 as of 2013. There are 28 streets.

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
Influential observation
In statistics, an influential observation is an observation for a statistical calculation whose deletion from the dataset would noticeably change the result of the calculation. In particular, in regression analysis an influential observation is one whose deletion has a large effect on the parameter estimates.

Estimation theory
Estimation theory is a branch of statistics that deals with estimating the values of parameters based on measured empirical data that has a random component.  The parameters describe an underlying physical setting in such a way that their value affects the distribution of the measured data. An estimator attempts to approximate the unknown parameters using the measurements.
In estimation theory, two approaches are generally considered:

The probabilistic approach (described in this article) assumes that the measured data is random with a probability distribution dependent on the parameters of interest

The set-membership approach assumes that the measured data vector belongs to a set which depends on the parameter vector.
Mazocraeidea
Mazocraeidea is an order of flatworms in the subclass Polyopisthocotylea within the class Monogenea.

The species of this order have various structures in the clamps of their posterior attachment organ, including additional sclerites in the Gastrocotylidae and related families. However, these additional sclerites, and even the clamps themselves, are lacking in certain members of the family Protomicrocotylidae.

Monogenea
Monogeneans, members of the class Monogenea (/ˌmɒnəˈdʒiːniːə/ MON-ə-JEE-nee-ə), are a group of ectoparasitic flatworms commonly found on the skin, gills, or fins of fish. They have a direct lifecycle and do not require an intermediate host. Adults are hermaphrodites, meaning they have both male and female reproductive structures.

Some monogeneans are oviparous (egg-laying) and some are viviparous (live-bearing). Oviparous varieties release eggs into the water. Viviparous varieties release larvae, which immediately attach to another host. The genus Gyrodactylus  is an example of a viviparous variety, while the genus Dactylogyrus is an example of an oviparous variety.
Russell Triplett
Russell Triplett is an American college baseball coach, currently serving as head coach of The Citadel Bulldogs baseball team.  He led his first season in that position in the 2025 NCAA Division I baseball season.  He previously served as head coach at Newberry from 2011 through 2024.

Newberry Wolves
The Newberry Wolves are the athletic teams that represent Newberry College, located in Newberry, South Carolina, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sports. The Wolves compete as members of the South Atlantic Conference (SAC) for 21 of 23 varsity sports; the remaining two sports, men's and women's wrestling, compete in the Conference Carolinas. Newberry's teams were known as the Indians until 2008.
House of Stratford
The House of Stratford (/strætfərd/) is a British aristocratic family, originating in Stratford-on-Avon between the eleventh and thirteenth centuries. The family has produced multiple titles, including Earl of Aldborough, Viscount Amiens, Baron Baltinglass, Viscount Stratford de Redcliffe and the Dugdale Baronets. The Viscount Powerscourt and Baron Wrottesley both claim descent from this House. Historic seats have included Farmcote Manor and Stratford Park in Gloucester, Merevale Hall in Warwickshire, Baltinglass Castle, Belan and Aldborough House in Ireland, and Stratford House in London, amongst many others.  The house was at its most powerful in the fourteenth, sixteenth, and eighteenth centuries.

Proctor
Proctor (a variant of procurator) is a person who takes charge of, or acts for, another.

The title is used in England and some other English-speaking countries in three principal contexts:

In law, a proctor is a historical class of lawyers, and the King's (or Queen's) Proctor is a senior government lawyer.

In religion, a proctor represents the clergy in Church of England dioceses.

In education, proctor is the name of university officials in certain universities.

In the United States and some other countries, the word "proctor" is frequently used to describe someone who supervises an examination (i.e. a supervisor or invigilator).
Spermatic fascia
The spermatic fascia is a bilayered fascia covering the testis; both layers are derived from abdominal muscle or fascia.

The more superficial of these two layers, the external spermatic fascia, lies deep to the skin and dartos fascia of the testes, superficial to the cremaster muscle, and is a continuation of the aponeurosis of the external oblique muscle.

The deeper internal spermatic fascia is deep to the cremaster muscle, directly surrounds the spermatic cord and its contents, and is a continuation of the abdominal transversalis fascia.

Fascia
A fascia (/ˈfæʃ(i)ə/; pl.: fasciae /ˈfæʃii/ or fascias; adjective fascial; from Latin  fascia 'band') is a generic term for macroscopic membranous bodily structures.: 42  Fasciae are classified as superficial, visceral or deep, and further designated according to their anatomical location.

The knowledge of fascial structures is essential in surgery, as they create borders for infectious processes (for example Psoas abscess) and haematoma. An increase in pressure may result in a compartment syndrome, where a prompt fasciotomy may be necessary. For this reason, profound descriptions of fascial structures are available in anatomical literature from the 19th century.
Sir Julien Cahn's cricket team in New Zealand in 1938–39
Sir Julien Cahn's cricket team, captained by George Heane, toured New Zealand in February and March 1939 to play ten matches including one first-class fixture against the New Zealand national cricket team at Basin Reserve; this match was drawn. Cahn's XI also played three-day matches against the major provincial teams Canterbury, Otago and Auckland, but these matches were 12-a-side and are not regarded as first-class. Cahn's XI included the New Zealander Stewie Dempster, Joe Hardstaff junior, Buddy Oldfield, Eddie Phillipson and Peter Smith.

Eddie Phillipson
William Edward Phillipson (3 December 1910 – 25 August 1991) was an English first-class cricketer. He played for Lancashire County Cricket Club from 1933 to 1948, and then Minor Counties cricket for Northumberland before becoming a Test cricket umpire.
Kōshien Hotel
The Kōshien Hotel (甲子園ホテル, Kōshien Hoteru) was a Mayan Revival-style hotel in Nishinomiya, Hyōgo, Japan, constructed by Arata Endo, a disciple of Frank Lloyd Wright. It is now used as a hall forming part of Mukogawa Women's University, and is known as the Kōshien Kaikan (甲子園会館).

Nishinomiya
Nishinomiya (西宮市, Nishinomiya-shi) is a city located in Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 November 2022, the city had an estimated population of 484,368 in 218,948 households and a population density of 4,800 persons per km². The total area of the city is 99.98 square kilometres (38.60 sq mi). Nishinomiya is an important commercial and shipping city in the Kansai region with the third largest population in Hyōgo Prefecture. Nishinomiya is best known as the home of Koshien Stadium, where the Hanshin Tigers baseball team plays home games and where Japan's annual high school baseball championship is held.
Theresienfeld
Theresienfeld is a town in the Wiener Neustadt-Land district of Lower Austria, in eastern Austria. It lies 5 km (3 miles) north of Wiener Neustadt, in the southern part of the Vienna Basin. Of its 11.47 km2 area, 3.40% is forested.

Vienna Basin
The Vienna Basin (German: Wiener Becken, Czech: Vídeňská pánev, Slovak: Viedenská kotlina, Hungarian: Bécsi-medence) is a geologically young tectonic burial basin and sedimentary basin in the seam area between the Alps, the Carpathians and the Pannonian Plain. Although it topographically separates the Alps from the Western Carpathians, it connects them geologically via corresponding rocks underground.
Alfred Cecil Herring
Major Alfred Cecil Herring VC (26 October 1888 – 10 August 1966) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.

David Charles Harvey
David Charles Harvey (29 July 1946 – 4 March 2004) was a British historian and author.  He is notable for his seminal work, Monuments To Courage, which documents the graves of almost all recipients of the Victoria Cross, a task that took him over 36 years to complete.
Der Ritter und die Magd
"Der Ritter und die Magd" (The Knight and the Maid) is a traditional German folk song. It was included by Clemens Brentano and Achim von Arnim in their 1806 collection of German folk songs and poems, Des Knaben Wunderhorn. As its possible source, both editors used a German broadside printed before 1790. Another version of the song, published in Die deutschen Volkslieder mit ihren Singweisen (1843) was recorded from an oral source near Cottbus.

Achim von Arnim
Carl Joachim Friedrich Ludwig von Arnim (26 January 1781 – 21 January 1831), better known as Achim von Arnim, was a German poet, novelist, and together with Clemens Brentano and Joseph von Eichendorff, a leading figure of German Romanticism.
50 Year Anniversary World Tour (Neil Diamond)
50 Year Anniversary World Tour is a Neil Diamond tour that marked the 50th Anniversary of Diamond's first hit single, "Solitary Man," released in 1966.  It began in Fresno, California on April 7, 2017, and concluded at The O2 Arena in London on October 19, 2017.  The tour began just after the March release of a 50-song, three-disc career-spanning box set titled Neil Diamond 50 – 50th Anniversary Collection.
The Oceania tour was announced on November 10, 2017  and cancelled on January 22, 2018, after Diamond announced he had been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease.

The O2 Arena
The O2 Arena, commonly known as the O2, is a multi-purpose indoor arena in the centre of The O2 entertainment district on the Greenwich Peninsula in southeast London, England. It opened in its present form in 2007. It has the third-highest seating capacity of any indoor venue in the United Kingdom, behind Co-op Live and Manchester Arena, and in 2008 was the world's busiest music arena.

The arena and broader complex were built within the former Millennium Dome, a large dome-shaped building intended for an exhibition celebrating the turn of the third millennium. As of 2022, it is the ninth-largest building in the world by volume with a diameter of 365 metres (399 yards) and a height of 52 metres (57 yards). It is named after its primary sponsor, the telecommunications company O2, a subsidiary of Virgin Media O2. The nearest tube station is North Greenwich on the Jubilee line.
Dilo-Dukana volcanic field
The Dilo-Dukana volcanic field is a Pleistocene volcanic field extending across the Ethiopia–Kenya border of East Africa. It has a northeast trend and contains 52 eruptive centres, 26 of which are still well-preserved. Most of the eruptive centres are in the form of cinder cones, but the well-preserved centres consist mainly of maars. Eruptions in the Dilo-Dukana volcanic field occurred from several fissures as suggested by the orientation of the eruptive centres; they occur in clusters or alignments. Argon–argon dating of four samples obtained from the Dilo-Dukana volcanic field in 2019 yielded ages ranging from 0.3 to 0.13 million years old. The largest lava flows in the volcanic field engulfed areas of nearly 17 km2 (6.6 sq mi).

Cinder cone
A cinder cone or scoria cone is a steep, conical landform of loose pyroclastic fragments, such as volcanic ash, clinkers, or scoria that has been built around a volcanic vent. The pyroclastic fragments are formed by explosive eruptions or tall lava fountains from a single, typically cylindrical, vent.

As the gas-charged lava is blown violently into the air, it breaks into small fragments that solidify and fall as either scoria which is also referred to cinder and clinker around the vent to form a cone that is often symmetrical, with slopes between 30° and 40° and a nearly circular base. Most cinder cones have a bowl-shaped crater at the summit.
There Was an Old Lady Who Swallowed a Fly
"There Was an Old Lady Who Swallowed a Fly"  is a cumulative (repetitive, connected poetic lines or song lyrics) children's nursery rhyme or nonsensical song.

The song dates from at least the 19th century. The rhyme is documented in English author Dorothy B. King's 1946 book Happy Recollections, and in 1953 the song was recorded by Burl Ives.

Other titles for the rhyme include "There Was an Old Lady", "I Know an Old Lady Who Swallowed a Fly", "There Was an Old Woman Who Swallowed a Fly", "I Know an Old Woman Who Swallowed a Fly" and "Poor Mrs Somebody".

Nursery rhyme
A nursery rhyme is a traditional poem or song for children in Britain and other European countries, but usage of the term dates only from the late 18th/early 19th century. The term Mother Goose rhymes is interchangeable with nursery rhymes.

From the mid-16th century nursery rhymes began to be recorded in English plays, and most popular rhymes date from the 17th and 18th centuries. The first English collections, Tommy Thumb's Song Book and a sequel, Tommy Thumb's Pretty Song Book, were published by Mary Cooper in 1744. Publisher John Newbery's stepson, Thomas Carnan, was the first to use the term Mother Goose for nursery rhymes when he published a compilation of English rhymes, Mother Goose's Melody, or Sonnets for the Cradle (London, 1780).
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 87
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 87 (P. Oxy. 87) is a declaration on oath by a ship owner, written in Greek. The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a sheet. It was discovered in Oxyrhynchus. The document was written between 25 February and 26 March 342. Currently it is housed in the Sackler Library (Papyrology Rooms, P. Oxy. 87 col. 3) in Oxford.

Papyrus
Papyrus (/pəˈpaɪrəs/ pə-PY-rəs) is a material similar to thick paper that was used in ancient times as a writing material. It was made from the pith of the papyrus plant, Cyperus papyrus, a wetland sedge. Papyrus (plural: papyri or papyruses) can also refer to a document written on sheets of such material, joined side by side and rolled up into a scroll, an early form of a book.

Papyrus was first known to have been used in Egypt (at least as far back as the First Dynasty), as the papyrus plant was once abundant across the Nile Delta. It was also used throughout the Mediterranean region. Apart from writing material, ancient Egyptians employed papyrus in the construction of other artifacts, such as reed boats, mats, rope, sandals, and baskets.
MSV Fennica
MSV Fennica is a Finnish multipurpose icebreaker and offshore support vessel. Built in 1993 by Finnyards in Rauma, Finland and operated by Arctia Offshore, she was the first Finnish icebreaker designed to be used as an escort icebreaker in the Baltic Sea during the winter months and in offshore construction projects during the open water season. Fennica has an identical sister ship, Nordica, built in 1994.

Rauma, Finland
Rauma (Finnish: [ˈrɑu̯mɑ]; Swedish: Raumo) is a town in Finland, on the western coast of the country. Rauma is in the Satakunta region, by the Gulf of Bothnia. The population of Rauma is approximately 39,000, while the sub-region has a population of approximately 65,000. It is the 29th most populous municipality in Finland.

Rauma lies 92 kilometres (57 mi) north of Turku and 50 kilometres (31 mi) south of Pori. Its neighbouring municipalities are Eura, Eurajoki, Laitila and Pyhäranta. Granted town privileges on 17 April 1442 (then under the rule of Sweden), Rauma is known for its paper and maritime industry, high quality lace (since the 18th century) and the old wooden architecture of the city centre (Old Rauma, Vanha Rauma), which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
KGGI
KGGI (99.1 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Riverside, California, and broadcasting to the Inland Empire. The station airs a rhythmic contemporary format and is owned by iHeartMedia, Inc. Its studios are on Iowa Avenue in Riverside.

KGGI has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 2,550 watts. Its transmitter tower is on Ongo Camp Road in San Bernardino National Forest near Lake Arrowhead and Running Springs. KGGI broadcasts an HD Radio signal. In addition to its core service area of the Inland Empire, the station’s high transmitter site allows it to be heard clearly in the Victor Valley, where it regularly rates #1 in their radio ratings. The HD2 digital subchannel formerly played classic hip hop music, but switched to Bilingual adult contemporary. The station also streams on the iHeartRadio app.

Digital subchannel
In broadcasting, digital subchannels are a method of transmitting more than one independent program stream simultaneously from the same digital radio or television station on the same radio frequency channel. This is done by using data compression techniques to reduce the size of each individual program stream, and multiplexing to combine them into a single signal. The practice is sometimes called "multicasting".
End of a Hollywood Bedtime Story
End of a Hollywood Bedtime Story is the first album by the Dears. It was released in 2000 on Grenadine Records. "This is a Broadcast", "Heartless Romantic" and the title track were notable singles from the album.

Grenadine Records
Grenadine Records was an independent record label based in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. The music label was founded in 1997 by Eric Y. Lapointe and Alex Megelas who met at Bishop's University's radio station CJMQ-FM.

The label, initially named Bittersweet Records, released two 7" vinyl records and then changed its name in 1999 when a New York City-based label of the same name was discovered.  The label was officially announced as Grenadine Records as of March 1999 along with its first CD release Syrup & Gasoline Vol.1 which was a compilation of bands from across Canada. The label's tagline of "Timeless Pop Attitude" reflected the label's interest in a variety of pop music with sometimes earlier influences.

As part of its commitment to a range of musical expressions, the label released albums in both English and French.
Open sandwich
An open sandwich, also known as an open-face/open-faced sandwich, bread baser, bread platter or tartine, consists of a single slice of bread or toast with one or more food items on top. It has half the number of slices of bread compared to a typical closed sandwich and has toppings rather than fillings.

Scotch woodcock
Scotch woodcock is a British savoury dish consisting of creamy, lightly-scrambled eggs served on toast that has been spread with anchovy paste or Gentleman's Relish, and sometimes topped with chopped herbs and black pepper.

Scotch woodcock was served in the refreshment rooms of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom till late 1949.  It was also served historically at the colleges of the University of Cambridge and the University of Oxford, and it continues to be served at the Oxford and Cambridge Club as an alternative to sweet desserts or a cheeseboard.

It was a well-known dish in the Victorian era, and is mentioned in Mrs. Beeton's Book of Household Management.

The name is modelled on Welsh rabbit. Similar to Welsh rabbit, which contains no rabbit meat, the dish has no woodcock, a type of bird, in its ingredients at all.
African divination
Divination is an attempt to form, and possess, an understanding of reality in the present and additionally, to predict events and reality of a future time. Divination has been practiced in African societies for millennia. Divination might be thought of as a social phenomenon, and is central to the lives of many in Africa.

Malindi
Malindi (known as Melinde in antiquity) is a is a town on Malindi Bay at the mouth of the Galana River, lying on the Indian Ocean coast of Kenya. It is 120 kilometres northeast of Mombasa. The population of Malindi was 119,859 as of the 2019 census. It is the largest urban centre in Kilifi County.
Wyler Aerial Tramway
Wyler Aerial Tramway is an aerial tramway in El Paso, Texas, United States that opened to the public in 1960. The tramway is operated by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department and is located in Franklin Mountains State Park. The tramway complex covers 196 acres (0.79 km2) on the east side of the Franklin Mountains. The gondolas travel along two 2600 foot 1 3/8" diameter steel cables to Ranger Peak, 5,632 feet (1,717 m) above sea level. The trip takes about four minutes and lifts riders up 940 vertical feet above the boarding area. From Ranger Peak viewers can see three states and two countries on a clear day. The tramway was closed indefinitely to the public in September 2018. A new tram system and visitor center are planned; however, there is no firm public opening date yet.

Texas Parks and Wildlife Department
The Texas Parks & Wildlife Department (TPWD) is a Texas state agency that oversees and protects wildlife and their habitats.  In addition, the agency is responsible for managing the state's parks and historical areas.  Its mission is to manage and conserve the natural and cultural resources of Texas and to provide hunting, fishing, and outdoor recreation opportunities for the use and enjoyment of present and future generations.

The agency maintains its headquarters at 4200 Smith School Road in Austin, Texas.