hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Judiciary of Armenia
The Judiciary of Armenia interprets and applies the laws of Armenia. Under the doctrine of the separation of powers, judiciary exercises judicial power separately from the legislative power of Parliament and executive power of the Prime Minister. Per the Constitution, it is defined with a hierarchical structure regulated by the Supreme Judicial Council of Armenia. On the other hand, the Ministry of Justice of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի արդարադատության նախարարություն) is a government agency which possesses executive authority and executes policies of the Government of Armenia in sectors that are closely associated with laws and regulations.

Separation of powers
The separation of powers principle functionally differentiates several types of state power (usually legislation, adjudication, and execution) and requires these operations of government to be conceptually and institutionally distinct and clearly articulated, thereby maintaining the integrity of each branch. To put this model into practice, government is divided into structurally independent branches to perform various functions (most often a legislature, a judiciary and an administration, sometimes known as the trias politica). When each function is allocated strictly to one branch, a government is described as having a high degree of separation; whereas, when one person or branch plays a significant part in the exercise of more than one function, this represents a fusion of powers. When one branch holds unlimited state power and delegates its powers to other organs as it sees fit, as is the case in communist states, that is called unified power.
Eduard Pesur
Eduard Pesur (3 March 1905 in Kohila Parish, Kreis Harrien – 1969) was an Estonian politician. He was a member of the III, IV, and V Riigikogu. He was originally elected as a member of the Estonian Workers' Party, but during the III Riigikogu he switched to the Estonian Socialist Workers' Party, which he represented thereafter.

5th Riigikogu
The 5th Riigikogu was the fifth legislature of the Estonian Parliament (Riigikogu). The legislature was elected after 1932 elections (held on 21–23 May 1932). It sat between 15 June 1932 and 2 October 1934, when its activities were suspended. The session formally ended on 31 December 1937.
GloFish
The GloFish is a patented and trademarked brand of  fluorescently colored genetically modified aquarium fish. They have been created from several different species of fish: zebrafish were the first GloFish available in pet stores, followed by black tetras, tiger barbs, rainbow sharks, Siamese fighting fish, X-ray tetras, bronze corydoras, and freshwater angelfish. They are sold in many colors, trademarked as "Starfire Red", "Moonrise Pink", "Sunburst Orange", "Electric Green", "Cosmic Blue", and "Galactic Purple", although not all species are available in all colors.  Although not originally developed for the ornamental fish trade, it is one of the first genetically modified animals to become publicly available. The rights to GloFish are owned by Spectrum Brands, Inc., which purchased GloFish from Yorktown Technologies, the original developer of GloFish, in May 2017.

Pristella maxillaris
Pristella maxillaris, the X-ray tetra, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acestrorhamphidae, the American characins. This transluscent fish is found in South America and is a popular aquarium fish.
Grant Watson
George Grant Watson (October 31, 1905 – April 6, 1977) was a Canadian curler. He was a member of the 1936, 1942 and 1949 Brier Champion teams (skipped by his older brother Ken Watson), playing as third, representing Manitoba. He also skipped Northern Ontario at the 1953 Macdonald Brier, leading his team of Don McEwen, Frank Sargent, and Archie Grant to a 7–3 record.

1953 Macdonald Brier
The 1953 Macdonald Brier, the Canadian men's national curling championship, was held from March 2 to 7, 1953 at Sudbury Arena in Sudbury, Ontario. A total of 12,500 fans attended the event.

Both Team Manitoba and Team Quebec finished round robin play tied with 8-2 records, necessitating a tiebreaker playoff to determine the Brier championship. Manitoba, who was skipped by Ab Gowanlock defeated Quebec in the playoff 8–6 to capture the Brier Tankard. This was Manitoba's fourteenth Brier championship and Gowanlock's second title as a skip with his other title coming in 1938.

The 15 years between Brier championships by Gowanlock set a record for the longest gap between Brier championships by a skip, which to date is still a record. The title gap is also still a record by any player (since equaled by Steve Gould in 1996 and 2011 as a lead). At 52 years of age, Gowanlock is to date the oldest Brier winning skip in history.
Kiran Gandhi
Kiran Gandhi (born February 21, 1989), also known by her stage name Madame Gandhi, is an American electronic music producer, drummer, artist and activist.
Gandhi's music career includes being a touring drummer for artists M.I.A., Thievery Corporation, and Kehlani. Her music and activism focuses on female empowerment and fourth-wave feminism. In 2015, Gandhi ran the London Marathon bleeding freely on her period to combat the menstrual stigma people face around the world, sparking a viral conversation about how menstruation is treated in various cultures. She has performed in music festivals such as Pitchfork, Lightning in a Bottle, Roskilde and SXSW.

Pitchfork Music Festival
Pitchfork Music Festival was an annual music festival in Union Park in Chicago, Illinois, organized by the online magazine Pitchfork. Starting in 2011, the festival announced a branch staged in Paris at Grande halle de la Villette. The festival, which is normally held over three days (Friday, Saturday, and Sunday) in July, focuses primarily on artists and bands from the alternative rock, hip hop, electronic and dance music genres, although it has also ranged into hardcore punk, experimental rock and jazz in its lineups. A festival planned for Berlin at Tempodrom in 2020 was cancelled.

In addition to music, Pitchfork Festival also includes food, beverages, art, and gig posters from local, regional, and national vendors. In November 2024, Condé Nast announced that the Chicago Pitchfork Music Festival was permanently closing, though the fate of the Paris branch is unclear.
Sandy Baltimore
Sandy Madeleine Baltimore (French: [sɑ̃di madlɛn baltimɔʁ]; born 19 February 2000) is a French professional footballer who plays as a left winger or left-back for Women's Super League club Chelsea and the France national team.

Women's League Cup
The Women's League Cup, also known as the Subway Women's League Cup for sponsorship reasons, is a league cup competition in English women's association football. The competition was originally open to the eight teams in the FA WSL, but since the WSL's restructuring to two divisions, it has featured 23 teams. Prior to this it was known as the FA WSL Cup. Following the completed takeover by Women's Professional Leagues Limited (WPLL), the cup is now referred to as the Women's League Cup.

Fourteen editions have been played, with Arsenal being the most successful club with seven titles.

Following a successful use of the VAR (Video Assistant Referee) and Goal line technology in the 2023 Womens FA Cup final, they were used for the first time in the competions history in the 2024 final and both have been used in the finals since.
Stutsman County Courthouse and Sheriff's Residence/Jail
The Stutsman County Courthouse and Sheriff's Residence/Jail in Jamestown, North Dakota was built in 1883. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.

It was designed by architect Henry C. Koch.

The west wing of the building was added in 1926, and was designed by architect Gilbert R. Horton.

Its NRHP listing was consistent with a later statewide study of North Dakota courthouses.

The building was used as the courthouse for Stutsman County until the 1980s, when it was replaced by a newer building. Though plans called for the original building's destruction, ownership instead transferred to the State Historical Society of North Dakota, who is working to restore the courthouse and has listed the building as Stutsman County Courthouse State Historic Site.

Jamestown, North Dakota
Jamestown is a city in and the county seat of Stutsman County, North Dakota, United States. The population was 15,849 at the 2020 census, making it the ninth most populous city in North Dakota. Jamestown was founded in 1883 and is home to the University of Jamestown.
Makita Ka Lang Muli
Makita Ka Lang Muli (trans. / international title: Just to See You Again) is a Philippine television drama series broadcast by GMA Network. It stars Roderick Paulate, Oyo Boy Sotto and Carlo Aquino. It premiered on November 6, 2006 on the network's Dramarama sa Hapon line up. The series concluded on February 16, 2007 with a total of 75 episodes.

Oyo Boy Sotto
Vittorio Mari Bonnevie Sotto (Tagalog pronunciation: [ˌbɔnɛˈbi ˈsɔtɔ]; born January 12, 1984), known professionally as Oyo Boy Sotto, is a Filipino actor. He is the son of Filipino actor-comedian-host Vic Sotto and Swiss-Filipino singer-actress Dina Bonnevie, nephew of Senator Tito Sotto, younger brother of actress Danica Sotto, half-brother of Pasig City Mayor Vico Sotto and the cousin of Gian Sotto, Ciara Sotto, and the late Miko Sotto.
2016–17 NOFV-Oberliga
The 2016–17 season of the NOFV-Oberliga was the ninth season of the league at tier five (V) in the German football league system and the 27th overall. The league is split into northern and southern divisions.

NOFV-Oberliga Nord
The NOFV-Oberliga Nord is the fifth tier of the German football league system in the northern states of the former East Germany and West Berlin. It covers the German states of Berlin, Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and northern Saxony-Anhalt. It is one of fourteen Oberligas in German football. Until the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008 it was the fourth tier of the league system, and until the introduction of the Regionalligas in 1994 the third tier.
Sagichō Fire Festival
The Sagichō Fire Festival  (Japanese: 左義長), also called Dondoyaki (Japanese: どんど焼き) or by other names, is a festival celebrated in Japan, usually on January 14 or 15. During this local event, town or village residents burn their gate pine and other New Year's decorations, as well as to pray for good fortune in the new year. Some Sagichō festivals are held at Shinto shrines.

The Sagichō fire festival has been celebrated in Japan since at least the 13th century, as it is mentioned in monk Kenkō's Tsurezuregusa. Because it used to be celebrated on January 14 or 15 in the lunar calendar, its origin may have been related to the Lantern Festival in China.

Some Sagichō fire festivals that have become famous as tourist attractions are: the Dōsojin Fire Festival celebrated in Nozawaonsen, Nagano; the Sagicho Fire Festival held on the seacoast in Oiso, Kanagawa; etc.

This festival is also celebrated at Japanese Shintoist shrines overseas, such as the Hilo Daijingu (ヒロ大神宮) in Hilo, Hawaii.

Tsurezuregusa
Tsurezuregusa (徒然草; Japanese pronunciation: [tsɯ.ɾe.(d)zɯ.ɾeꜜ.ɡɯ.sa, -ŋɯ.sa]) is a collection of essays written by the Japanese monk Kenkō (兼好) between 1330 and 1332. The work is widely considered a gem of medieval Japanese literature and one of the three representative works of the zuihitsu genre, along with The Pillow Book and the Hōjōki.
Giuditta Bellerio Sidoli
Giuditta Bellerio Sidoli (1804 – 28 March 1871) was an Italian patriot and revolutionary protagonist in multiple efforts for Italian unification. She was also the lover of Giuseppe Mazzini for a period and operated a salon in Turin for Italian expatriates.

Patriotism
Patriotism is the feeling of love, devotion, and a sense of attachment to one's country or state. This attachment can be a combination of different feelings for things such as the language of one's homeland, and its ethnic, cultural, political, or historical aspects. It may encompass a set of concepts closely related to nationalism, mostly civic nationalism and sometimes cultural nationalism.
Chachere
Chachere is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andre Chachere (born 1996), American football player

Garret Chachere (born 1969), American football coach and former player

Tony Chachere (1905–1995), American businessman and chef

Tony Chachere
Anthony Chachere (/ˈsæʃəri/ SASH-ər-ee; June 14, 1905 – March 19, 1995) was an American businessman and chef best known as the founder of his eponymous Tony Chachere's Creole Foods seasonings and ingredients brand and its original product, Tony Chachere's Original Creole Seasoning. He was the first inductee into the Louisiana Chefs Hall of Fame, receiving that honor in 1995, just one week before his death.
Xanthosia singuliflora
Xanthosia singuliflora  is a species of flowering plant the family Apiaceae and is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It is a tufted perennial herb with oblong to wedge-shaped leaves and sessile greenish-yellow flowers with 3 or 4 narrow bracts at the base.

Apiaceae
Apiaceae (/ˌeɪpiˈeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ ⓘ), also called Umbelliferae, is a family of mostly aromatic flowering plants named after the type genus Apium, and commonly known as the celery, carrot, or parsley family, or simply as umbellifers. It is the 16th-largest family of flowering plants, with more than 3,800 species in about 446 genera, including such well-known, and economically important plants as ajwain, angelica, anise, asafoetida, caraway, carrot, celery, chervil, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, lovage, cow parsley, parsley, parsnip and sea holly, as well as silphium, a plant whose exact identity is unclear and which may be extinct.

The family Apiaceae includes a significant number of phototoxic species, such as giant hogweed, and a smaller number of highly poisonous species, such as poison hemlock, water hemlock, spotted cowbane, fool's parsley, and various species of water dropwort.
Patarroyo
Patarroyo is a Spanish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Juan Carlos Patarroyo (fl. early 21st century), Colombian engineer

Manuel Elkin Patarroyo (1946–2025), Colombian Professor of Pathology and Immunology

Juan Carlos Patarroyo
Juan Carlos Patarroyo is a Colombian engineer and the chairman of Atletico Huila of the Categoría Primera A. He previously served as the club's vice president and is a stalwart upon its executive board.
Porphyromonas macacae
Porphyromonas macacae  is a Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, anaerobic and non-motile bacterium from the genus Porphyromonas which has been isolated from the periodontal pocket of the macaque Macaca arctoides.

Stump-tailed macaque
The stump-tailed macaque (Macaca arctoides), also called the bear macaque, is a species of macaque native to South Asia and Southeast Asia. In India, it occurs south of the Brahmaputra River, in the northeastern part of the country. Its range in India extends from Assam and Meghalaya to eastern Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram and Tripura.

It is primarily frugivorous but eats many types of vegetation, such as seeds, leaves and roots. It also hunts freshwater crabs, frogs, bird eggs and insects.
Papercrete
Papercrete is a building material that consists of re-pulped paper fiber combined with Portland cement or clay, as well as other soils. First patented in 1928 by Eric Patterson and Mike McCain  (who originally named it "padobe" and "fibrous cement"), it was revived during the 1980s. It is generally perceived as an environmentally friendly material due to the significant recycled content, although this is offset by the presence of cement, which emits CO2 during manufacture. The material also lacks standardisation, and proper use therefore requires care and experience. However the inventors have both contributed considerably to research into developing the necessary machinery to make it, as well as methods of using it for construction.

Paper
Paper is a thin sheet of matted cellulose fibers. Largely derived from lignocellulose, paper is created from a pulp dissolved into a slurry that is drained and dried into sheets. Different types of paper are defined by constituent fiber, paper pulp, sizing, coating, paper size, paper density and grammage.

The papermaking process developed in East Asia at least as early as 105 CE by the Han court eunuch Cai Lun, although archaeological evidence exists of 2nd century BCE paper-like material in China. Before the industrialization of paper production, the most common paper was rag paper, made from discarded natural fiber textiles collected by ragpickers. The 1843 invention of wood pulp, coupled with the Second Industrial Revolution, made pulpwood paper the dominant variety to this day.
El Vergel culture
El Vergel culture was a South American archaeological culture known in the historical region of Araucania, Chile. Its type site lies near the city of Angol. Earlier iterations of the culture are known as Vergel I later iterations, exhibiting Inca influence, are referred to as Vergel II.

Angol
Angol is a commune and capital city of the Malleco Province in the Araucanía Region of southern Chile. It is located at the foot of the Cordillera de Nahuelbuta and next to the Vergara River, that permitted communications by small boats to the Bío-Bío River and Concepción.  This strategic position explains the successive foundations of this city during the Arauco War. It was first founded in 1553 as a "conquistador" fort of Confines, the fort was later destroyed and rebuilt several times and it was not until the Pacification of Araucania in the late 19th century that it was rebuilt with the name of Angol. The city has a current population of approximately 53,000. Within the electoral divisions of Chile, it belongs to the 48th electoral district and the 14th senatorial circumscription.
West Bay City Shipbuilding Company
The West Bay City Shipbuilding Company was founded in 1876 at West Bay City, Michigan (now part of Bay City) by Frank W. Wheeler who was a ship captain on the Great Lakes, a shipbuilder and a politician. The yard started life as Wheeler & Crane. In 1880 it was renamed to F. W. Wheeler Company, and in 1889 it was renamed again to Frank W. Wheeler & Company. It was based on the Saginaw River close to Third Street. In 1899 Captain Frank W. Wheeler sold his yard to the American Ship Building Company who renamed the yard West Bay City Shipbuilding Company. The yard closed in 1908 after they built the steamer W.R. Woodford.

Saginaw River
The Saginaw River is a 22.4-mile-long (36.0 km) river in the U.S. state of Michigan.  It is formed by the confluence of the Tittabawassee and Shiawassee rivers southwest of Saginaw. It flows northward into the Saginaw Bay of Lake Huron, passing through the cities of Saginaw and Bay City, both of which developed around it in the 19th century. The watershed area is 8,595 square miles (22,260 km2). At its mouth, the river's estimated average discharge is 4,827 cubic feet per second (136.7 m3/s).

The river is an important shipping route for Mid-Michigan, passing through the cities of Saginaw and Bay City. It is one of Michigan's few inland navigable rivers. The Saginaw River Rear Range Light, one of a pair of lighthouses built in 1876 to improve navigation, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. Since the turn of the 21st century, it is being renovated.
Ranomafana, Ifanadiana
Ranomafana is a rural municipality in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Ifanadiana, which is a part of the region of Vatovavy. The population of the commune was 9,705 in the 2018.

Primary and junior level secondary education are available in the town. 60% of the population of the commune are farmers; the most important crops are bananas and rice, while other important agricultural products are pineapple and cassava. Services provide employment for 40% of the population.

Pineapple
The pineapple (Ananas comosus) is a tropical plant with an edible fruit; it is the most economically significant plant in the family Bromeliaceae.

The pineapple is indigenous to South America, where it has been cultivated for many centuries. The introduction of the pineapple plant to Europe in the 17th century made it a significant cultural icon of luxury. Since the 1820s, pineapple has been commercially grown in greenhouses and many tropical plantations. The fruit, particularly its juice, has diverse uses in cuisines and desserts.

Pineapples grow as a small shrub; the individual flowers of the unpollinated plant fuse to form a multiple fruit. The plant normally propagates from the offset produced at the top of the fruit or from a side shoot, and typically matures within a year.
2014 Texas Revolution season
The 2014 Texas Revolution season was the team's fifteenth season as a professional indoor football franchise, fifth in the Indoor Football League (IFL), and second as the "Texas Revolution". One of nine teams in the IFL for the 2014 season, the Texas Revolution competed in the United Conference for the second consecutive year. The team played their home games at the Allen Event Center in Allen, Texas. Chris Williams returned to the IFL as the Texas Revolution's director of football operations and head coach for 2014. The team started strong but faltered, compiling a 3–11 record and missing the playoffs. In the post-season, Williams resigned and the team announced their departure from the IFL.

2014 Indoor Football League season
The 2014 Indoor Football League season was the sixth season of the Indoor Football League (IFL). Playing with nine teams in two conferences spread across the United States, the league's regular season kicked off on February 21, 2014, when the reigning league champion Sioux Falls Storm played host to the Nebraska Danger. The regular season ended 17 weeks later on June 21, 2014, with the Nebraska Danger visiting the Texas Revolution.
Kinkdom
Kinkdom is a studio album by the English rock band the Kinks. Released in the United States and Canada on 24 November 1965, it was their fourth album issued on Reprise Records. It peaked at number 47 on the Billboard album chart.

The album had no direct analogue outside of the North American market, but instead collected songs from the Kwyet Kinks UK EP, both sides of the "See My Friends" single, the B-sides of several of the band's other singles, a track left off of the US edition of the 1965 album Kinda Kinks and a previously released track. All of its songs were recorded at Pye and IBC Studios in London, between July 1964 and August 1965. Kinkdom was the last US-only studio album released by the Kinks; beginning with The Kink Kontroversy in March 1966, Reprise issued albums identical to the UK versions.

IBC Studios
51°31′12.53″N 0°8′43.7″W﻿ / ﻿51.5201472°N 0.145472°W﻿ / 51.5201472; -0.145472
The IBC Recording Studios were independent recording studios located at 35 Portland Place in London, England. In the 1960s and 1970s, the studios become internationally famous after being used by recording artists such ase Status Quo, the Kinks, the Who, Bee Gees, Cream and others.