hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Henry Grant
Charles Henry Grant (9 November 1831 – 30 September 1901) was an engineer and politician in the Colony of Tasmania. He was a member of the Tasmanian Legislative Council from 1892 until his death.

Grant was born in Great Marlow, Buckinghamshire, England, and was educated at King's College, London.

He was engineer-in-chief and general manager of the Tasmanian Main Line Railway. In June 1892 he was elected to the Tasmanian Legislative Council for the Hobart division in a by-election following the death of George Salier. In August 1892 he accepted office without portfolio in the Dobson Ministry.

Grant died in Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.

Electoral division of Hobart
The electoral division of Hobart is one of the 15 electoral divisions in the Tasmanian Legislative Council. It was originally created in 1856 when the Council became the upper house of the Parliament of Tasmania. The seat was abolished in 1999 and re-created in 2008 after a redistribution saw the former Division of Wellington returned to its former name.

The total area of the division is 62.29 square kilometres (24.05 sq mi), which covers the Hobart central business district and the suburbs of Battery Point, Dynnyrne, Fern Tree, Glebe, Lenah Valley, Mount Stuart, New Town, North Hobart, Ridgeway, South Hobart and West Hobart.

As of 31 January 2019, there were 24,007 enrolled electors in the division.

From 2012 to 2024, the member in the Legislative Council was Independent MLC Rob Valentine, who was the Lord Mayor of Hobart from 1999 to 2011. The last election in the division was in May 2024. Cassy O'Connor was elected.
ISO 3166-2:GI
ISO 3166-2:GI is the entry for Gibraltar in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently no ISO 3166-2 codes are defined in the entry for Gibraltar. The territory has no defined subdivisions.

Gibraltar is officially assigned the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code GI.

Standardization
Standardization (American English) or standardisation (British English) is the process of implementing and developing technical standards based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments. Standardization can help maximize compatibility, interoperability, safety, repeatability, efficiency, and quality. It can also facilitate a normalization of formerly custom processes.

In social sciences, including economics, the idea of standardization is close to the solution for a coordination problem, a situation in which all parties can realize mutual gains, but only by making mutually consistent decisions. Divergent national standards impose costs on consumers and can be a form of non-tariff trade barrier.
Ahmad Khatami
Ahmad Khatami (Persian: احمد خاتمی, born 8 May 1950) is a senior and prominent Iranian Muslim cleric, member of Guardian Council and a senior member of the Assembly of Experts. In December 2005, Ali Khamenei appointed him as Tehran’s substitute Friday prayer leader. He is also a conservative and principlist politician.

Guardian Council
The Guardian Council (also called Council of Guardians or Constitutional Council, Persian: شورای نگهبان, romanized: Shourā-ye Negahbān) is a 12-member council that wields considerable power and influence in the Islamic Republic of Iran.

Per the Constitution of Iran, the council has three mandates, namely having a veto power over legislation passed by the Islamic Consultative Assembly, supervising elections, and approving or disqualifying candidates seeking to run in local, parliamentary, presidential, or Assembly of Experts elections.

The Council is composed of Islamic clerics and lawyers. Membership is for phased six-year terms: half the membership changes every three years. The Supreme Leader of Iran directly appoints the six clerics, and may dismiss them at will. The Chief Justice of Iran nominates six lawyers for confirmation by the Islamic Consultative Assembly.
Harry Morgan Ayres
Harry Morgan Ayres (October 6, 1881 – November 20, 1948) was a professor of English Literature at Columbia University an author, and editor. He edited The Reader's Dictionary of Authors including entries for Charles William Eliot, Wilfrid Wilson Gibson, and George Moore and also contributed to the Library of the World's Best Literature.

The English Journal Volume 13 described The Modern students book of English literature he compiled and wrote with Frederick Morgan Padelford and William David Howe as: "A brave effort to give something of every trope - even letters and a taste of modern critical and biographical prose." The description adds that the selection of early English material is "more adequate" than is usual.

He defended General Dwight Eisenhower's appointment at Columbia pointing to the scholarly quality of his Guidhall speech in London.

He wrote an essay on Modern American Tendencies for The Cambridge History of English and American Literature in 18 Volumes.

English Journal
English Journal (previously The English Journal) is the official publication of the Secondary Education section of the American National Council of Teachers of English. The peer-reviewed journal has been published since 1912 and features columns and articles on all aspects of the teaching of English language arts at middle schools and junior and senior high schools.

In 1939, the journal College English was spun off from The English Journal to address the needs of teaching English language arts at the college level.

As of 2018, the journal's editors are Toby Emert, Ph.D., of Agnes Scott College in Decatur, Georgia, and R. Joseph Rodríguez, Ph.D., of California State University, Fresno. Its content is accessible electronically via ERIC, ProQuest, and JSTOR, and is indexed by the MLA.

Regular features include articles on pedagogy, literature, ELL issues, and educational technology.
Tomaž Barada
Tomaž Barada is a former Slovenian martial artist in kickboxing and taekwon-do (7th Dan). He gained several titles during his career.

He became 6x ITF European Champion, 3x ITF World Champion and 3x King of Taekwon-Do Tokyo.

He also became 5x W.A.K.O. European and 5x WAKO World Champion. Currently retired, he is holding the WAKO record of 84 fights without a loss. He retired in 2004 after defending his WAKO pro title for the final time.

He is the current Vice president of the Slovenian Olympic Committee.

World Association of Kickboxing Organizations
The World Association of Kickboxing Organizations (W.A.K.O or WAKO) is an international kickboxing organization counting over 120 affiliated countries representing all five continents. WAKO is a major governing body of amateur kickboxing and is responsible for the development of kickboxing worldwide. The organization was officially recognized as an official kickboxing governing body by Sport Accord. WAKO is recognized by the Global Association of International Sports Federations (GAISF) and the International Olympic Committee (IOC).
Holby City series 20
The twentieth series of the British medical drama television series Holby City began airing on BBC One in the United Kingdom on 2 January 2018, and concluded on 27 December 2018. The series consists of 52 episodes; a decrease from the previous series. Kate Hall serves as the series producer, while Simon Harper continued his role as the executive producer. Fifteen cast members reprised their roles from the previous series. Four actors departed during the series, including long-standing cast member James Anderson (Oliver Valentine). Catherine Russell reprised her role as Serena Campbell from episode six. Throughout the series, multiple characters returned for guest stints, including Zosia March (Camilla Arfwedson), Bernie Wolfe (Jemma Redgrave) and Mo Effanga (Chizzy Akudolu).

Medical drama
A medical drama is a television movie or film in which events center upon a hospital, clinic, doctor's office, a paramedic, or any other medical topic or environment. Most recent medical dramatic programming goes beyond the events pertaining to the characters' jobs and portray some aspects of their personal lives. The longest running prime-time medical drama in the world is the British series Casualty, airing since 1986, and the longest running medical soap opera is General Hospital, running since 1963.
Arthur Boyars
Arthur Boyars (28 May 1925 – 6 August 2017) was a British poet and musicologist, who was also a translator and critic, literary editor and publisher.

His Poems were published in 1944 by Fortune Press. Boyars started the small magazine Mandrake in 1945 with John Wain while at Wadham College, Oxford, subtitled "An Oxford Review"; it was published until 1957. Boyars was editor of Oxford Poetry in 1948. He is known also as a translator of Russian poetry. He became the second husband of Marion Lobbenberg, who formed a partnership with John Calder in the publishing house Calder & Boyars. Boyars's name is associated with the Russian poet Yevgeny Yevtushenko. In 2011, Boyars published a limited edition of his own poetry, Dictations: Selected Poems 1940–2009, which was described by the critic Alberto Manguel as "Dantesque".

Literary magazine
A literary magazine is a periodical devoted to literature in a broad sense. Literary magazines usually publish a mix of fiction and non-fiction. Short stories and poetry are common literary forms published, but some magazines may publish serial literature—a novel which is revealed in sections over multiple issues. Non-fiction writing may be from staff of the literary magazine to make commentary about their magazine or about culture related to literature. Non-fiction from contributors may take the form of essays, literary criticism, book reviews, biographical profiles of authors, interviews, and letters. Literary magazines are often called literary journals (or little magazines) to contrast them with larger, commercial magazines.
Yangqu County
Yangqu County (simplified Chinese: 阳曲县; traditional Chinese: 陽曲縣; pinyin: Yángqǔ Xiàn) is a county of Shanxi Province, North China, it is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Taiyuan, the capital of the province, and is both its northernmost and easternmost county-level division.

North China
North China (Chinese: 华北) is a geographical region of the People's Republic of China, consisting of five provincial-level administrative divisions, namely the direct-administered municipalities Beijing and Tianjin, the provinces Hebei and Shanxi, and the autonomous region Inner Mongolia (although the four prefectures east of the Greater Khingan Range are sometimes regarded as parts of Northeast China).

Part of the larger region of Northern China (Beifang), it lies north of the Qinling–Huaihe Line, with its heartland in the North China Plain. Most inhabitants here speak variants of Northern Chinese languages such as Mandarin, which includes the  Beijing dialect and its cousin variants. The Beijing dialect is largely the basis of Standard Chinese (or Standard Mandarin), the official language of the People's Republic of China. Jin Chinese and Mongolian are also widely spoken due to the political and cultural history of the area.
BMN Air
BMN Air (formerly ABM Air or Antigua Barbuda Montserrat Air) is an airline of Antigua and Barbuda. Its headquarters is located at its hub at V. C. Bird International Airport serving the country's main island of Antigua with the capital, Saint John's. The company offers scheduled services to Antigua's sister island Barbuda and to the British overseas territory of Montserrat, as well as charter services between these two destinations.

The airline was set up in 2010, as a subsidiary of SVG Air.

The airline operates de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter aircraft.

De Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter
The de Havilland Canada DHC-6 Twin Otter is a Canadian STOL (short takeoff and landing) utility aircraft developed by de Havilland Canada in the mid-1960s and still in production. It was built by De Havilland Canada from 1965 to 1988. In 2022, Viking Air purchased the type certificate and restarted production in 2008, before re-adopting the name De Havilland Canada. In 2023, DHC started production of the 300-G, an upgraded version of the Series 400 with Garmin avionics.

The aircraft's fixed tricycle undercarriage, STOL capabilities, twin turboprop engines and high rate of climb have made it a successful commuter airliner, typically seating 18–20 passengers, as well as a cargo and medical evacuation aircraft. The Twin Otter has also been popular with commercial skydiving operations and is used by the United States Army Parachute Team and the 98th Flying Training Squadron of the United States Air Force.
Amassoma
Amassoma is a community located in Wilberforce Island, Ogboin North of Southern Ijaw Local Government Area in Bayelsa State, Nigeria.

The Amananaowei of Amassoma Community, Major Graham Pele-Ebimo Naingba, JP, Oboro VII was laid to rest in January 2023.

The community plays host to the Niger Delta University.

The Bayelsa State Airport is located near Amassoma.

Wilberforce Island
Wilberforce Island is an island located in Bayelsa State, Nigeria, covering a total area of approximately 23,197.05 hectares. This area includes 446.76 hectares of water, with the remaining 22,750.29 hectares consisting of residential areas, landfills, beaches, forests, farmlands, and vegetation.

The island hosts key facilities such as the Bayelsa International Airport and the Niger Delta University. While the airport is located on the island, it is not in Amassoma, where the Niger Delta University is situated.

Wilberforce Island stretches across two local government areas: Southern Ijaw and Yenagoa. It includes several towns, such as Amassoma, Agudama, Oguobiri, and others, contributing to the island's diverse landscape and communities.
Southerham Farm
Southerham Farm is a  131-hectare (320-acre) nature reserve on the eastern outskirts of Lewes  in East Sussex. It is managed by the Sussex Wildlife Trust.

The thin and infertile soils on this chalk site result in a floristically very rich grassland. Plants which flower in the summer include horseshoe vetch, kidney vetch, mouse-ear hawkweed, field scabious, dropwort and salad burnet.

Pilosella officinarum
Pilosella officinarum (synonym Hieracium pilosella), known as mouse-ear hawkweed, is a yellow-flowered species of flowering plant in the daisy family Compositae (= Asteraceae), native to Europe and northern Asia. It produces single, lemon-coloured inflorescences. Like most hawkweed species, it is highly variable and is a member of a species complex of several dozens of subspecies and hundreds of varieties and forms. It is an allelopathic plant.
Jägersburg
Jägersburg (in Dialect Järschborch or Jächersburch) is a district of Homburg in the Saar-Palatinate (Saarpfalz) district, Germany. Until End 1973 was Jägersburg an independent municipality in the former Homburg district.

Jägersburg has many lakes and ponds. The 3 lakes are the Möhlwoog (7,4 ha), the Brückweiher (7,09 ha) and the Schloßweiher (Castle lake) (1,71 ha).

During the 18th century, Schloss Jägersburg was the favourite palace of Christian IV, Duke of Zweibrücken. However, today nothing remains anymore of these times.

Saarpfalz-Kreis
Saarpfalz (Saar-Palatinate) is a Kreis (district) in the south-east of the Saarland, Germany. Neighboring districts are (from west clockwise) Saarbrücken, Neunkirchen, Kusel, Kaiserslautern, Südwestpfalz, district-free Zweibrücken, and the French département Moselle in Lorraine.
Willem Noorduin
Willem Noorduin (born 21 March 1967, Schiedam) is a Paralympian athlete from Netherlands competing mainly in category F36 shot put and discus events.

Noorduin has competed in 6 Paralympics always in shot put and discus events.  His first appearance was in Barcelona in 1992 where he won the silver medal in the C5 discus.  In 1996 in Atlanta he went much better winning gold in both shot put and discus.  The 2000 Summer Paralympics in Sydney saw him defend his gold medal in the shot put in the F35 class but only managing bronze in the discus.  2004 saw him win two silvers, this was followed in 2004 by a silver in the discus and a bronze in the shot put.  The 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing were the first time Noorduin had been to the Paralympic Games and not won a medal.

2000 Summer Paralympics
The 2000 Summer Paralympic Games or the XI Summer Paralympics were held in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, between 18 and 29 October. The Sydney Paralympics was the last time that the Summer Paralympics were organised by two different Organizing Committees. In this edition, a record 3,801 athletes from 123 National Paralympic Committees participated in 551 events in 18 sports. The 2000 Summer Paralympics were the second largest sporting event ever until that date held in Australia and in the Southern Hemisphere. Sydney was the eighth city to jointly host the Olympic and Paralympic Games. However, it was only the fourth to jointly organise both events in complete conjunction with the Olympics. This edition was also the first time that the Paralympics were held in Australia and Oceania.
Formosa Plastics propylene explosion
The Formosa Plastics propylene explosion was a propylene release and explosion that occurred on October 6, 2005, in the Olefins II Unit at the Formosa Plastics plant in Point Comfort, Texas, United States. The subsequent fire burned for five days.

Conflagration
A conflagration is a particularly large and destructive fire. In the built environment, this may describe a fire that spreads via structure to structure, ignition due to radiant or convective heat, or ember transmission. Conflagrations often damage human life, animal life, health, and/or property. A conflagration can begin accidentally or be intentionally created (arson). A very large fire can produce a firestorm, in which the central column of rising heated air induces strong inward winds, which supply oxygen to the fire. Conflagrations can cause casualties including deaths or injuries from burns, collapse of structures and attempts to escape, and smoke inhalation.

Firefighting is the practice of extinguishing a conflagration, protecting life and property and minimizing damage and injury. One of the goals of fire prevention is to avoid conflagrations. When a conflagration is extinguished, there is often a fire investigation to determine the cause of the fire.
Cardinal lory
The cardinal lory (Chalcopsitta cardinalis) is a species of parrot in the family Psittaculidae. The cardinal lory lives mainly in the mangrove and the lowland forests of the Solomon Islands, Bougainville Island and easternmost islands of the Bismarck Archipelago. It was previously placed in the genus Pseudeos.

It prefers Syzygium species and other fruit-bearing trees that have red blossoms.

Bismarck Archipelago
The Bismarck Archipelago (German: Bismarck-Archipel, pronounced [ˈbɪsmaʁk ˌaʁçiˈpeːl]) is a group of islands located just off the northeastern coast of New Guinea in the western Pacific Ocean, part of the Islands Region of Papua New Guinea. Its area is about 50,000 square kilometres (19,000 sq mi).
Oreochromis chungruruensis
Oreochromis chungruruensis, the Kiungululu tilapia, is a species of cichlid fish that is endemic to Lake Chungruru (also known as Kiungululu), a small isolated crater lake in the Rungwe District in southern Tanzania. This species reaches up to 15.4 cm (6.1 in) in standard length and 19.5 cm (7.7 in) in total length. It is critically endangered due to overfishing and non-native tilapia species that have been introduced to Lake Chungruru.

Rungwe District
Rungwe is a district in Mbeya Region, Tanzania.  It is bordered to the north by Mbeya Rural District, to the east by Njombe Region, to the southeast by Kyela District, to the southwest by Ileje District, and to the west by Mbeya District.

According to the 2022 Tanzania National Census, the population of Rungwe District was 273,536.

The District Commissioner of Rungwe from 26 June 2016 to 19 June 2021 was Julius Chalya. Vicent Naano Anney was then appointed to the post by President Samia Suluhu Hassan on 19 June 2021. He had previously served as Musoma District Commissioner from 26 June 2016 to 19 June 2021.
Bruce McNevin
Thomas Bruce McNevin (6 February 1884 – 2 March 1951) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Ops Township, Ontario and became a farmer by career.

McNevin attended public and continuation schools in Victoria County, Ontario. In Lindsay, he became president of the Farmers Union Insurance Company.

He was first elected to Parliament at the Victoria, Ontario riding in the 1935 general election after an unsuccessful campaign there as a Progressive party candidate in 1925. He was re-elected in 1940 then defeated by Clayton Hodgson of the Progressive Conservatives in 1945. McNevin was also unsuccessful in unseating Hodgson in 1949.

McNevin died at Omemee, Ontario on 2 March 1951 survived by his wife (Edith Dundas) and two daughters.

Kawartha Lakes
Kawartha Lakes (2021 population: 79,247) is a single-tier municipality in Central Ontario, Canada. Though structured as a single-tier municipality, Kawartha Lakes is the size of a typical Ontario county and is mostly rural. It is the second largest single-tier municipality in Ontario by land area (after Greater Sudbury).

The main population centres are the communities of Lindsay (population: 22,367), Bobcaygeon (population: 3,576), Fenelon Falls (population: 2,490), Omemee (population: 1,060) and Woodville (population: 718).
1956 Wimbledon Championships – Women's doubles
Angela Buxton and Althea Gibson defeated Fay Muller and Daphne Seeney in the final, 6–1, 8–6 to win the ladies' doubles tennis title at the 1956 Wimbledon Championships. Gibson became the first African American to win a Wimbledon title; she would go on to win the singles title the next year.

Angela Mortimer and Anne Shilcock were the defending champions, but lost in the semifinals to Muller and Seeney.

Daphne Seeney
Daphne Seeney AM (2 February 1933 – 18 September 2020), married name Daphne Fancutt, was an Australian professional tennis player whose career spanned the 1950s.

Seeney was a doubles finalist in the 1956 Wimbledon Championships with partner Fay Muller; they were defeated in the final by Angela Buxton and Althea Gibson in straight sets.

In 1957, she married South African tennis player Trevor Fancutt in Johannesburg. Four years later, they moved to Brisbane and opened the Fancutts Tennis Centre, which they operated until 2015 when it was sold to make way for a retirement village. In January 1995, Seeney received the Member of the Order of Australia (AM) award "in recognition of service to the sport of tennis as a player, coach and administrator". In September 2000, she received the Australian Sports Medal.

Seeney died from natural causes on 18 September 2020, at the age of 87.