hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
A. T. Brand
Alexander Theodore Brand (1852 – 23 June 1934) was a British physician and cancer researcher.

Brand was born in Chicago of Scottish parentage. He graduated M.B, C.M. with honours from Aberdeen University in 1881. He started medical practice in Driffield in 1882 and obtained his M.D. in 1884. Brand practiced medicine for forty-five years, he retired in 1927. He was a member of the British Medical Association for over fifty years. He was President of the East Yorks and North Lincolnshire Branch during 1902–1903. Brand was a major in the Royal Army Medical Corps and commanded the No. 2 East Yorks Field Ambulance.

Brand took interest in studying the origin of cancer and promoted an infectious theory of cancer due to an undiscovered microorganism.  He authored the book Cancer: Its Cause, Treatment and Prevention, in 1922 and often debated the origin of cancer with other physicians who disputed his theory in the British Medical Journal.

The BMJ
The BMJ is a fortnightly peer-reviewed medical journal, published by BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, which in turn is wholly owned by the British Medical Association (BMA). The BMJ has editorial freedom from the BMA. It is one of the world's oldest general medical journals. Previously called the British Medical Journal, the title was officially shortened to BMJ in 1988, and then changed to The BMJ in 2014. The current editor-in-chief of The BMJ is Kamran Abbasi, who was appointed in January 2022.
Atelopus coynei
Atelopus coynei, the Rio Faisanes stubfoot toad, is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae endemic to Ecuador. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and rivers. It is threatened by habitat loss.

True toad
A true toad is any member of the family Bufonidae, in the order Anura (frogs and toads). This is the only family of anurans in which all members are known as toads, although some may be called frogs (such as harlequin frogs). The bufonids now comprise more than 35 genera, Bufo being the best known.
Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute Act 1969
The Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute Act 1969 (Malay: Akta Institut Penyelidikan dan Kemajuan Pertanian Malaysia 1969), is an Act of the Parliament of Malaysia. It was enacted to establish the Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute and for matters connected with it.

Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute
The Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (Malay: Institut Penyelidikan dan Kemajuan Pertanian Malaysia), abbreviated MARDI, is a government body in Malaysia under Ministry of Agriculture and Agro-based Industry (MOA).
Fonte Avellana
Fonte Avellana or the Venerable Hermitage of the Holy Cross, is a Roman Catholic hermitage in Serra Sant'Abbondio in the Marche region of Italy. It was once also the name of an order of hermits based at this hermitage.

Hermitage (religious retreat)
A hermitage most authentically refers to a place where a hermit lives in seclusion from the world, or a building or settlement where a person or a group of people live religiously, in seclusion.  Particularly as a name or part of the name of properties its meaning is often imprecise, harking to a distant period of local history, components of the building material, or recalling any former sanctuary or holy place.  Secondary churches or establishments run from a monastery were often called "hermitages".

In the 18th century, some owners of English country houses adorned their gardens with a "hermitage", sometimes a Gothic ruin, but sometimes, as at Painshill Park, a romantic hut which a "hermit" was recruited to occupy.  The so-called Ermita de San Pelayo y San Isidoro is the ruins of a Romanesque church of Ávila, Spain, that ended up several hundred miles away, to feature in the Buen Retiro Park in Madrid.
Panchalinga Darshana
Panchalinga Darshana is a holy festival held once every twelve years in the ancient temple town of Talakad on the banks of the Kaveri river in Karnataka, India.

The five temples of  Kshethra Sri Vaidyanatheshwara, Sri Pathaleshwara, Sri Maruleshwara, Sri Arakeshwara, Sri Mudukuthore Mallikarjuneshwara are believed to be Panchalingas and thus have become famous.
The festival takes place simultaneously at these five temples of Shiva which are decorated  with plantain stalks and  flowers. Here the pilgrims of Panchalinga Darshana offer their Pooja to the Gods.

The festival takes elaborate preparation as millions of pilgrims attend to participate in the ceremonies, spread over a period of five days. It was last held in 2009. The uniqueness of this festival is that the five temple poojas begin at the same time following the ancient tradition for obtaining blessings for devotees and rulers of the country.

Mudukuthore
Mudukuthore (Thirumalakudu Bettahalli / T Bettahalli) is a pilgrim centre situated on the banks of the river Kaveri. The village is called T. Bettahalli, as per the government revenue documents, whereas Mudukuthore is a mythological name. T. Bettahalli is a quiet village with a backdrop of a hillock called Somagiri. T Bettahalli is located at a distance of 48 km from Mysore, 25 km from Somanathapura,  18 km from T.Narsipur, and is close to Talakad.
Skulduggery Pleasant: Last Stand of Dead Men
Skulduggery Pleasant: Last Stand of Dead Men is a young adult and fantasy novel written by Derek Landy published in August 2013. It is the eighth book in the Skulduggery Pleasant series and the sequel to Skulduggery Pleasant: Kingdom of the Wicked.

The story follows sorcerer-detectives Valkyrie Cain and Skulduggery Pleasant as they work to uncover the conspiracy behind the war between the Sanctuaries. Meanwhile, Valkyrie's alter-ego, Darquesse, is on the verge of bringing about the end of the world.

In 2013, Skulduggery Pleasant: Last Stand of Dead Men won the Senior Irish Children's Book of the Year, and was released in the US and Canada in 2018. HarperCollins Audio published the unabridged audio book, read by Rupert Degas.

Fantasy literature
Fantasy literature is literature set in an imaginary universe, often but not always without any locations, events, or people from the real world. Magic, the supernatural and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds. Fantasy literature may be directed at both children and adults.

Fantasy is considered a genre of speculative fiction and is distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the absence of scientific or macabre themes, respectively, though these may overlap. Historically, most works of fantasy were in written form, but since the 1960s, a growing segment of the genre has taken the form of fantasy films, fantasy television programs, graphic novels, video games, music and art.

Many fantasy novels originally written for children and adolescents also attract an adult audience. Examples include Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, the Harry Potter series, The Chronicles of Narnia, and The Hobbit.
Speed (Buck-Tick song)
"Speed" (スピード) is the fourth single released by the Japanese rock band Buck-Tick. It was released as the first single from the group's sixth studio album, Kurutta Taiyou, on January 21, 1991, through Victor Entertainment. The single was released as an 8 cm CD in a cassette-like sleeve case that featured a re-worked version of the cover to Kurutta Taiyou. "Speed" peaked at number 3 on the Oricon music chart during the third week of 1991. It is band's 3rd best-selling single, with over 180,000 copies sold.

Hisashi Imai
Hisashi Imai (Japanese: 今井 寿, Hepburn: Imai Hisashi; born October 21, 1965) is a Japanese musician, singer and songwriter. He is best known as the lead guitarist of the rock band Buck-Tick since 1983. Following the October 2023 death of vocalist Atsushi Sakurai, Imai began sharing lead vocal duties in the band with fellow guitarist Hidehiko Hoshino. He has also performed in side-projects such as the duo Schaft with Soft Ballet member Maki Fujii, the supergroup Schwein, and the rock trio Lucy. Imai is known for his visual aesthetics, and Buck-Tick are commonly credited as one of the founders of the visual kei movement.
William Felix Munster
William Felix Laurence Austin Munster (1849 – 11 April 1877) was an Irish Liberal Party politician.

He was elected as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Mallow at a by-election in 1872 but did not stand again at the next general election in 1874.

Mallow (UK Parliament constituency)
Mallow was a United Kingdom Parliament constituency in Ireland, returning one MP. It was an original constituency represented in Parliament when the Union of Great Britain and Ireland took effect on 1 January 1801. The constituency lasted until 1885 when it was absorbed into the North East Cork constituency.

Prior to the Union, the Mallow constituency had been represented in the Parliament of Ireland.
Eparchy of Volodymyr–Brest
The Eparchy of Volodymyr–Brest (Latin: Vladimirensis–Brestensis Rutenorum, also known as Volodymyr–Brėst of the Ukrainian) was an eparchy (equivalent to a diocese in the Latin Rite) of the Ruthenian Uniate Church from 1596 until 1795. It was situated in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth between the rivers Bug and Styr on territory that is today located in parts of the modern states of Ukraine and Belarus. The eparchy was a suffragan of the Metropolis of Kiev, Galicia and all Ruthenia.

Eparchy
Eparchy (Greek: ἐπαρχία eparchía "overlordship") is an ecclesiastical unit in Eastern Christianity that is equivalent to a diocese in Western Christianity. An eparchy is governed by an eparch, who is a bishop. Depending on the administrative structure of a specific Eastern Church, an eparchy can belong to an ecclesiastical province (usually a metropolis), but it can also be exempt. Each eparchy is divided into parishes, in the same manner as a diocese in Western Churches. Historical development of eparchies in various Eastern Churches was marked by local distinctions that can be observed in modern ecclesiastical practices of the Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodox Churches and Eastern Catholic Churches.
Emmanuel (singer)
Jesús Emmanuel Arturo Acha Martinez (born 16 April 1955) is a Mexican singer. He is known for a career spanning five decades. With 20 studio albums released and over 10 million records sold worldwide, he is considered one of the best-selling Latin music artists in history. He has received both the Billboard Latin Music Lifetime Achievement Award and the Latin Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award.

Premios TVyNovelas
The Premios TVyNovelas are presented annually by Televisa and the magazine TVyNovelas to honor the best Mexican television productions, including telenovelas. Instituted in 1983, the award ceremony rotates between Mexico City and Acapulco. The ceremony is broadcast through Canal de las Estrellas in Mexico and Latin America, and Univision in the United States. For the first time in its 30-year history, Canal de las Estrellas and Univision had broadcast Premios TVyNovelas simultaneously on April 28, 2013.

The awards show has been on an indefinite hiatus since the 2020 edition.
Jennifer Haigh
Jennifer Haigh (born October 16, 1968) is an American novelist and short story writer in the realist tradition. Her work has been compared to that of Richard Ford, Richard Price and Richard Russo. Her work often explores Catholic religious beliefs, attitudes and customs.

Mark Twain American Voice in Literature Award
The Mark Twain American Voice in Literature Award is a literary prize given annually by the Mark Twain House. It celebrates writing that represents "modern voices that define our current America," similarly to how Adventures of Huckleberry Finn played an iconic role in "establishing a uniquely American voice in literature."

T. C. Boyle received the inaugural honor in 2017 for The Harder They Come, and writers received the accolade annually since then, picked from shortlists of approximately five authors per year. The most recent winner is Alice McDermott, who obtained US$25,000 as cash prize.
Mercur, Utah
Mercur is a historical hard rock mining ghost town in Tooele County, Utah, United States. In 1891, it became the site of the first successful use of the cyanide process of gold extraction in the United States, the dominant metallurgy today. Its elevation above sea level is approximately 2,042 m. The nearby Mercur Gold Mine was re-opened by Barrick Gold in 1985, with mining operations again coming to an end in 1997. The reclamation and restoration project was set to continue up to 2010.

Ward (LDS Church)
A ward is a local congregation in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), with a smaller local congregation known as a branch.

A ward is presided over by a bishop, the equivalent of a pastor in many other Christian denominations. As with all local LDS Church leadership, the bishop is considered lay clergy and as such is not paid. Two counselors serve with the bishop to help with administrative and spiritual duties of the ward and to preside in the absence of the bishop. Together, these three men (never women) constitute the bishopric. A branch is presided over by a branch president who may also have one or two counselors, depending on the size of the branch. Groups of wards are organized into stakes, while groups of branches are generally organized into districts.
Aemilia Lepida
Aemilia Lepida is a Latin feminine given name that was given to the daughters of various Aemilius Lepiduses (Aemilii Lepidi), men belonging to the Lepidus branch of the Aemilia gens (family) that was founded by the Marcus Aemilius Lepidus who served as consul in 285 BC. The Aemila Lepidas (Aemiliae Lepidae) who appear in Roman historians were principally known for their engagements and marriages, with those in the late Republic and early Empire related to the Julio-Claudian dynasty.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
North Tweedsmuir Island
North Tweedsmuir Island is one of the Canadian arctic islands located in Foxe Basin, separated from the southwest coast of Baffin Island by Clarke Sound. It is part of the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada. Foley Island is to the west and South Tweedsmuir Island is to the south.

North Tweedsmuir Island is uninhabited and its temperatures are extremely cold. The island is named after John Buchan, 1st Baron Tweedsmuir.

Arctic Archipelago
The Arctic Archipelago, also known as the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, is an archipelago lying to the north of the Canadian continental mainland, excluding Greenland (an autonomous territory of the Danish Realm, which is, by itself, much larger than the combined area of the archipelago), and Iceland (an independent country).

Situated in the northern extremity of North America and covering about 1,424,500 km2 (550,000 sq mi), this group of 36,563 islands, surrounded by the Arctic Ocean, comprises much of Northern Canada, predominately Nunavut and the Northwest Territories. The archipelago is showing some effects of climate change, with some computer estimates determining that melting there will contribute 3.5 cm (1.4 in) to the rise in sea levels by 2100.
Samarium compounds
Samarium compounds are compounds formed by the lanthanide metal samarium (Sm). In these compounds, samarium generally exhibits the +3 oxidation state, such as SmCl3, Sm(NO3)3 and Sm(C2O4)3. Compounds with samarium in the +2 oxidation state are also known, for example SmI2.

Samarium(III) chloride
Samarium(III) chloride, also known as samarium trichloride, is an inorganic compound of samarium and chloride.  It is a pale yellow salt that rapidly absorbs water to form a hexahydrate, SmCl3.6H2O. The compound has few practical applications but is used in laboratories for research on new compounds of samarium.
Anica Savić Rebac
Anica Savić-Rebac (Serbian Cyrillic: Аница Савић-Ребац; 4 October 1892 — 7 October 1953) was a Serbian writer, classical philologist, translator, professor at the University of Belgrade. She wrote a number of essays and books about Njegoš, Goethe, Sophocles, Spinoza, Thomas Mann, Greek mystical philosophers, Plato, theory of literature. She also translated a number of works from Serbian into English, most notably The Ray of the Microcosm by Petar II Petrović-Njegoš.

Anica Savić Rebac appears under the name of Milica in travel book Black Lamb and Grey Falcon by  Rebecca West. In this book she is not only a new friend, but also the intellectual guide who eventually reveals to Rebecca West the rituals which would lead the author to the clue metaphor of her vision of the Balkans.

The Ray of the Microcosm
“The Ray of the Microcosm” (Serbian Cyrillic: Луча микрокозма, romanized: Luča mikrokozma) is a romantic, cosmic-religious poem, written in 1845 by  Prince-Bishop and poet Petar II Petrović-Njegoš. It is written in the decasyllabic meter of Serb epic poetry. Njegoš’s religious poetic thought achieved its highest artistic shape in this work.

The poem contains three main thematic parts. The first is the Dedication, which introduces some of the most important philosophical and religious premises of the poem. The second part consists of two cantos, which describe the cosmic flight of the poet’s soul and its search for answers about the origins and destiny of humankind on Earth. The third part comprises the remaining four cantos, which describe Satan’s mutiny against God and the fall of Adam and his legion from Heaven.
Lewis Entz
Lewis H. Entz (September 7, 1931 – December 10, 2025) was an American politician and farmer from Colorado. A Republican, he served in the Colorado Senate for five years and nine months, from April 2001 until January 2007. Prior to serving in the Colorado Senate, he was a member of the Colorado House of Representatives for 16 years, from 1983 to 1999. He also served as an Alamosa County Commissioner.

Alamosa County, Colorado
Alamosa County is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 16,376. The county seat is Alamosa. The county name is the Spanish language word for a grove of cottonwood trees.
Portuguese Americans
Portuguese Americans (Portuguese: portugueses americanos), also known as Luso-Americans (luso-americanos), are citizens and residents of the United States who are connected to the country of Portugal by birth, ancestry, or citizenship.

Americans and others who are not native Europeans from Portugal but originate from countries that were former colonies of Portugal do not necessarily self-identify as "Portuguese American", but rather as their post-colonial nationalities, although many refugees (referred to as retornados) from former Portuguese colonies, as well as many white Brazilians, are ethnically or ancestrally Portuguese. In 2017, an estimated 48,158 Portuguese nationals were living in the United States.

Some Melungeon communities in rural Appalachia have historically self-identified as Portuguese. Given their complex ancestry, individual Melungeons may descend from Portuguese people, but not all do.

Ongoing Revolutionary Process
The Ongoing Revolutionary Process (Portuguese: Processo Revolucionário em Curso, PREC) was the period during the Portuguese transition to democracy starting after a failed right-wing coup d'état on 11 March 1975, and ended after a failed left-wing coup d'état on 25 November 1975. This far-left politics, labour movement-inspired period was marked by political turmoil, right-wing and left-wing violence, instability, the nationalization of companies, forcible occupation and expropriation of private lands as well as talent and capital flight.
Civilization: The Card Game
Civilization: The Card Game is a card game designed by Civilization IV lead designer Soren Johnson, based on Civilization IV. It was developed in 2006 by Firaxis Games, as a bonus in the Sid Meier's Civilization Chronicles boxed set (a collection of every Civilization series game up to that point), and is not available independently.

Soren Johnson
Soren Johnson (born May 23, 1976) is an American businessman, game programmer, and video game designer. Johnson's games primarily belong to 4X strategy, with several of his titles having been critically acclaimed. He is best known for his work as a lead designer on Civilization IV, Offworld Trading Company, and Old World. He also worked as a co-lead designer on Civilization III.

In 2013, Johnson founded Mohawk Games, an indie studio in the suburbs of Baltimore, Maryland. They later moved to Alexandria, VA during the 2020 Coronavirus Pandemic. The studio brings together people he has worked with in the past with new talent to create new intellectual properties. Their first game, Offworld Trading Company, was released to moderate critical acclaim.

Johnson is known as one of the earliest developers who involved the internet gaming community in game design, testing, and discussion.
Goose Creek (Louisville, Kentucky)
Goose Creek is a small stream in the Louisville Metro area (the former Jefferson County) of the U.S. state of Kentucky.  It is a tributary of the Ohio River.

It is the namesake of the incorporated city of Goose Creek and the Louisville neighborhood of the same name, which lie beside its confluence with the Ohio.

Jefferson County, Kentucky
Jefferson County is a county located in the north central portion of the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 782,969. It is the most populous county in the commonwealth (with more than twice the population of second ranked Fayette County).

Since a city-county merger in 2003, the county's territory, population and government have been coextensive with the city of Louisville, which also serves as county seat. The administrative entity created by this merger is the Louisville/Jefferson County Metro Government, abbreviated to Louisville Metro.

Jefferson County is the anchor of the Louisville-Jefferson County, KY-IN Metropolitan Statistical Area, locally referred to as Kentuckiana.
The City of Dreadful Night
The City of Dreadful Night is a long poem by the Scottish poet James "B.V." Thomson, written between 1870 and 1873, and published in the National Reformer in 1874, then, in 1880, in a book entitled The City of Dreadful Night and Other Poems. The poem is noted for the pessimistic philosophy that it expresses. It has been argued that the city described in the poem is based on London.

The poem, despite its insistently bleak tone, won the praise of George Meredith, Rudyard Kipling and of George Saintsbury, who in A History of Nineteenth-Century Literature wrote that "what saves Thomson is the perfection with which he expresses the negative and hopeless side of the sense of mystery."

George Saintsbury
George Edward Bateman Saintsbury, FBA (23 October 1845 – 28 January 1933), an English critic, literary historian, editor, teacher, and wine connoisseur, gained a reputation as a highly influential literary critic of the late-19th and early-20th centuries.