hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Matsudaira Hirotada
Matsudaira Hirotada (松平 広忠, 9 June 1526 – 3 April 1549) was the lord of Okazaki Castle in Mikawa province, Japan during the Sengoku Period of the 16th century.
He is best known for being the father of Tokugawa Ieyasu, founder of the Tokugawa shogunate.

Mikawa Province
Mikawa Province (三河国, Mikawa no Kuni, Japanese pronunciation: [mʲiꜜ.ka.wa (no kɯ.ɲi), mʲi.ka.waꜜ-]) was an old province in the area that today forms the eastern half of Aichi Prefecture. Its abbreviated form name was Sanshū (三州 or 参州). Mikawa bordered on Owari, Mino, Shinano, and Tōtōmi Provinces.

Mikawa is classified as one of the provinces of the Tōkaidō. Under the Engishiki classification system, Mikawa was ranked as a "superior country" (上国) and a "near country" (近国) in terms of its distance from the capital.
St. Edward's Chapel (Warwick, New York)
The Chapel of St. Edward was a Roman Catholic parish church under the authority of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York, located in Warwick, Orange County, New York. The parish was established in 1887 and closed in 2007.

The former church building on North Main Street subsequently became the St. Ignatius Antiochian Orthodox Church.

Warwick, New York
Warwick is a town in the southwestern part of Orange County, New York, United States. Its population was 32,027 at the 2020 census. The town contains three villages (Florida, Greenwood Lake, and Warwick) and eight hamlets (Amity, Bellvale, Edenville, Little York, Wisner, New Milford, Pine Island, and Sterling Forest).
Queen Anne, Seattle
Queen Anne is a neighborhood in northwestern Seattle, Washington. Queen Anne covers an area of 2.8 square miles (7.3 km2), and has a population of about 34,000.  It is bordered by Belltown to the south, Lake Union to the east, the Lake Washington Ship Canal to the north and Interbay to the west.

The neighborhood is built on a hill, now named Queen Anne Hill, which became a popular spot for the city's early economic and cultural elite to build their mansions. Its name is derived from the Queen Anne architectural style in which many of the early homes were built.

Seattle Center
The Seattle Center is an entertainment, education, tourism and performing arts center located in the Lower Queen Anne neighborhood of Seattle, Washington, United States. Constructed for the 1962 World's Fair, the Seattle Center's landmark feature is the 605 ft (184 m) Space Needle, an official city landmark and globally recognized symbol of Seattle's skyline. Other notable attractions include Pacific Science Center, Climate Pledge Arena, and the Museum of Pop Culture (MoPOP), as well as McCaw Hall, which hosts both Seattle Opera and Pacific Northwest Ballet. The Seattle Center Monorail provides regular public transit service between the Seattle Center and Westlake Center in downtown Seattle, and is itself considered a tourist attraction.
Oreoleuciscus dsapchynensis
Oreoleuciscus dsapchynensis is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Leuciscidae, which contains the daces, chubs, true minnows and related species. This species is endemic to Airag Lake and the Zavkhan River in Mongolia. It reaches a maximum standard length of 28 cm (11 in) and it feeds on phytoplankton, plants and invertebrates.

Airag Lake
Airag Lake is a lake in Zavkhan, Uvs Province, Mongolia in the Great Lakes Depression. It is in a system of the interconnected lakes: Khar-Us, Khar, Dörgön, and Khyargas.

The lake was in the same basin as the Khyargas Lake in ancient times.

The depth of the lake generally varies with the inflow river flow. The lake flows into Khyargas Lake along a 5 km long, 200–300 m wide canal, which does not freeze in winter.

During the summer the lake warms up almost to the very bottom. Even in winter, the temperature remains fairly constant, 1 - 2.5 °C. Compared to other lakes, the water is not very clear.
Zakhary Ivanovich Koshkin
Zakhary Ivanovich Koshkin (died 1461) was a boyar at the court of Vasili II. He was a male-line forefather of the Romanov family, and the first Romanov Tsar, Michael I of Russia, was his agnatic descendant.

Koshkin was the son of Ivan Fyodorovich Koshkin. He had several brothers: Yakov, Ivan, and Feodor. He was the great-grandfather of Anastasia Romanovna, the first wife of Ivan the terrible, and a progenitor of the Romanov dynasty. The first Romanov Tsar of Russia, Michael I, was a male-line descendant of Zakhary.

Patrilineality
Patrilineality, also known as the male line, the spear side or agnatic kinship, is a common kinship system in which an individual's family membership derives from and is recorded through their father's lineage. It generally involves the inheritance of property, rights, names, or titles by persons related through male kin. This is distinguished from cognate kinship which is through any combination of lineages, and from matrilineality which is through the mother's lineage, also called the spindle side, the distaff side or enatic kinship.

A patriline ("father line") is a person's father, and additional ancestors, as traced only through males.
Dodecanese Football Clubs Association
Dodecanese Football Clubs Association (Greek: Ένωση Ποδοσφαιρικών Σωματείων Δωδεκανήσου) is the organization that is responsible for football in the prefecture of Dodecanese in Greece. In the jurisdiction of E.P.S. Dodecanese are clubs from the islands of Rhodes, Kos, Patmos, Karpathos, Leipsoi, Leros, Kalymnos, Astypalaia, Nisyros, Tilos, Halki, Simi, Kassos and Kastelorizo. Its offices are housed in Rhodes and it is a member of the HFF. It is responsible for running the local league and cup, as well as the youth and children's divisions. It also coordinates the activities of the mixed youth and children's groups, which represent the county at national level.

Kasos
Kasos (/ˈkɑːsoʊs/; Greek: Κάσος, pronounced [ˈka̠so̞s]), also Casos, is a Greek island municipality in the Dodecanese. It is the southernmost island in the Aegean Sea, and is part of the regional unit Karpathos-Kasos. The capital of the island is Fri. As of 2021, its population was 1,223.
Murder of Ronan Kerr
Ronan Kerr was a Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) officer killed by a booby-trap car bomb planted outside his home on 2 April 2011 at Highfield Close, just off the Gortin Road (the B48), near Killyclogher on the northern outskirts of Omagh in County Tyrone. Responsibility for the attack was later claimed by a dissident republican group claiming to be made up of former members of the Provisional IRA.

Constable Kerr was Roman Catholic, a group which at the time constituted approximately 30% of PSNI officers (a proportion recruitment policies were trying to increase), and was 25 at the time of his death. He was a member of a Gaelic Athletic Association club, the Beragh Red Knights. The guard of honour at Kerr's funeral was formed of club members and PSNI officers, a funeral also attended by the leaders of Ireland's four main churches.

Police Service of Northern Ireland
The Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI; Irish: Seirbhís Póilíneachta Thuaisceart Éireann; Ulster Scots: Polis Service o Norlin Airlan), is the police service responsible for law enforcement and the prevention of crime within Northern Ireland.

It is the successor to the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) after it was reformed and renamed in 2001 on the recommendation of the Patten Report.

The PSNI is the third-largest police service in the United Kingdom in terms of officer numbers (after the Metropolitan Police and Police Scotland) and the second-largest in terms of geographic area of responsibility, after Police Scotland. The PSNI is approximately half the size of Garda Síochána in terms of officer numbers.
Building Schools for the Future
Building Schools for the Future (BSF) was the name given to the British government's investment programme in secondary school buildings in England in the 2000s. Around half of the work was procured under the private finance initiative. The delivery of the programme was overseen by Partnerships for Schools (PfS), a non-departmental public body formed through a joint venture between the Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF), Partnerships UK and private sector partners. The programme was cancelled in 2010.

Department for Children, Schools and Families
Department for Children, Schools and Families (DCSF) was a department of the UK government, between 2007 and 2010, responsible for issues affecting people in England up to the age of 19, including child protection and education. DCSF was replaced by the Department for Education after the change of government following the 2010 General Election.

The department was led by the Secretary of State for Children, Schools and Families.

The expenditure, administration and policy of the department was scrutinised by the Children, Schools and Families Select Committee.
Walknówek
Walknówek [valkˈnuvɛk] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Lututów, in Wieruszów County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) east of Lututów, 25 km (16 mi) east of Wieruszów, and 82 km (51 mi) south-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Wieruszów
Wieruszów ([vjɛˈruʂuf]) is a town in south-central Poland with 8,446 inhabitants (2020). Situated in the southwestern part of Łódź Voivodeship, it is the seat of the Gmina Wieruszów and Wieruszów County. Wieruszów is located in the historical Wieluń Land. The town is situated along the Prosna river.
Sri Lanka green pigeon
The Pompadour green pigeon, Sri Lanka green pigeon or Ceylon green pigeon (Treron pompadora) is a pigeon in the genus Treron. In Sri Lanka, this bird and several other green pigeon are known as bata goya in the Sinhala language. It is found in the forests of Sri Lanka. Many authorities split the species from the pompadour green pigeon complex.

Lumpers and splitters
Lumpers and splitters are opposing factions in any academic discipline that has to place individual examples into rigorously defined categories. The lumper–splitter problem occurs when there is the desire to create classifications and assign examples to them, for example, schools of literature, biological taxa, and so on. A "lumper" is a person who assigns examples broadly, judging that differences are not as important as signature similarities. A "splitter" makes precise definitions, and creates new categories to classify samples that differ in key ways.
Azerbaijani folk music
Azerbaijani folk music (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan Xalq Musiqisi) is shared by Azerbaijanis and Iranian Azerbaijanis.

Apart from the common music found all-around Azerbaijan and Azerbaijan (Iran), there are distinct types of folk music, sometimes related to the history or simply the taste of the specific places.

Iranian Azerbaijanis
Iranian Azerbaijanis are a Turkic ethnic group native to the Iranian Azerbaijan region (including provinces of East Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Zanjan and West Azerbaijan). They also live in smaller numbers in other provinces, such as Kurdistan, Qazvin, Hamadan, Gilan, Markazi and Kermanshah. Iranian Azerbaijanis constitute the largest ethnic minority in Iran and make up significant minorities in Tehran, Karaj, and elsewhere in Iran. Most Iranian Azerbaijanis are bilingual in Azerbaijani and Persian.
Stuart Cheshire
Stuart David Cheshire is a Distinguished Engineer, Scientist and Technologist (DEST) at Apple. He pioneered Zeroconf networking while employed at Apple. Zeroconf was originally released by Apple as Rendezvous, but later renamed Bonjour. Subsequently, he co-authored the book Zero Configuration Networking: The Definitive Guide, published by O'Reilly, with Daniel H Steinberg.

He is the author or co-author of 27 IETF RFCs principally concerning multicast DNS and NAT.

He is also the author of Bolo, a networked tank game, originally written for the BBC Micro and later ported to the Apple Macintosh.

Internet Engineering Task Force
The Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) is a standards organization for the Internet responsible for the technical standards of the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP). It has no formal membership roster or requirements and all its participants are volunteers. Their work is usually funded by employers or other sponsors.

The IETF was initially supported by the federal government of the United States but since 1993 has operated under the auspices of the Internet Society, an American non-profit organization with local chapters around the world.
Marabout
In the Muslim world, the marabout (Arabic: مُرابِط, romanized: murābiṭ, lit. 'one who is attached/garrisoned') is a descendant of Muhammad (Arabic: سـيّد, romanized: sayyid and sidi in the Maghreb) and a Muslim religious leader and teacher who historically had the function of a chaplain serving as a part of an Islamic army, notably in North Africa and the Sahara region, in West Africa, and historically in the Maghreb.

The marabout is often a scholar of the Quran, or religious teacher. Others may be wandering holy men who survive on alms or as spiritual directors of Muslim religious communities, often as muršid ('guide') of Sufi orders. The term marabout is also used for the mausolea of such religious leaders (cf. maqām, mazār, in Palestine also walī/velī).

Islam and war
From the time of Muhammad, the final prophet of Islam, many Muslim states and empires have been involved in warfare. The concept of Jihad, the religious duty to struggle, has long been associated with struggles for promoting a religion, although some observers refer to such struggle as "the lesser jihad" by comparison with inner spiritual striving. Islamic jurisprudence on war differentiates between illegitimate and legitimate warfare and prescribes proper and improper conduct by combatants. Numerous conquest wars as well as armed anti-colonial military campaigns were waged as jihads.
Synodontis polyodon
Synodontis polyodon is a species of upside-down catfish native to Gabon where it occurs in the Ogowe River basin.  It was first described by French zoologist Léon Vaillant in 1895, based upon a holotype discovered in the Ogooué River, near Adouma, Gabon.  The specific name "polyodon" comes from the Greek words poly, meaning "many" and odon, meaning "tooth", referring to the many teeth in this species.

Duma people
The Adouma (or Duma) are an ethnic group of Gabon, in central Africa. They primarily live on the South bank of the upper Ogooué River, in the vicinity of Lastoursville (originally an Adouma village), and are known as expert canoeists or the boatmen. They speak Duma, a Nzebi language of the Bantu family.

Their traditions hold that they arrived from the East or Southeast, coming down the Sebe River to the Ogowe, and thence to the Doumé rapids. They made canoes of Aucoumea wood, and sold slaves to the Okandé, receiving European products such as guns and cloth in exchange. The Société du Haut-Ogooué (SHO) established a post at Lastoursville and engaged the Adouma in trade for rubber, ivory, and ebony .

During the 1970s and 1980s, many Adouma moved down the Ogowe, towards Port-Gentil.
Saul og David
Saul og David (Saul and David) is the first of the two operas by the Danish composer Carl Nielsen. The  four-act libretto, by Einar Christiansen, tells the Biblical story of Saul's jealousy of the young David, taken from the Books of Samuel. The first performance was at the Royal Danish Theatre, Copenhagen, on 28 November 1902.

The opera is one of Denmark's most important musical works for the theatre but it is difficult to stage as the dramatic episodes are often separated by longer, less dynamic sequences. The choral scenes are certainly among the opera's highlights. The music, which is both dramatic and lyrical, is free of any late Romantic effects. This might, however, explain why the work has not gained wider popularity.

Einar Christiansen
Arne Einar Christiansen (20 July 1861 – 25 September 1939) was a Danish journalist, critic and titular professor. He was best known as a writer and theatre director.

He was born in Copenhagen, the son of Captain Eduard Christiansen and Karen Margrethe White. He graduated from the Metropolitan School in 1878 and studied theology at the University of Copenhagen graduating with his degree in 1886.

He was editor of the journal Illustreret Tidende (Illustrated Times) from 1892 to 1899. From 1899 to 1909 Christiansen was the artistic director of the Royal Danish Theatre and orchestra. Between 1912 and 1924 he served as co-director of the Folketeatret (People's Theatre). He wrote two librettos and numerous novels and plays.

He was awarded a Knight of the Order of Dannebrog in 1903 and became a Man of Honor of the Dannebrog in 1922. In 1909 he became titular professor.

He died in Copenhagen and is buried at Hellebæk Cemetery.
Edward Hobbs
Edward Hobbs (25 November 1868 – 20 July 1936) was an Australian politician.

He was born in Hampshire in England. In 1916 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Nationalist member for Darwin. He joined the Country Party in 1922 and from October to November 1923 served as temporary Opposition Leader, a position he held again from October 1924 to July 1925. In 1925 he became a member of Walter Lee's "Liberal" grouping in parliament, before eventually rejoining the Nationalists. Hobbs was defeated in 1934 and died in Ulverstone in 1936.

Division of Braddon (state)
The electoral division of Braddon (named Darwin until 1955) is one of the five electorates in the Tasmanian House of Assembly, it includes north-west and western Tasmania as well as King Island. Braddon takes its name from the former Premier of Tasmania, Sir Edward Braddon. The division shares its name and boundaries with the federal division of Braddon.

Braddon and the other House of Assembly electoral divisions are each represented by seven members elected under the Hare-Clark electoral system.
Wynyard (provincial electoral district)
Wynyard is a former provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of the province of Saskatchewan, Canada, centred on the town of Wynyard. The district was created before the 3rd Saskatchewan general election in 1912 as "Quill Plains". Renamed "Wynyard" in 1917, the constituency was abolished before the 8th Saskatchewan general election in 1934. It is now part of the Arm River-Watrous and Kelvington-Wadena constituencies.

In the 1924 Wynyard by-election, Dr. T.A. Patrick campaigned for the Progressive Party, with a platform that included a "Saskatchewan first" position and the party having no formal tie to either major party. He also called for the use of single transferable voting, Senate reform, and the completion of the Hudsons Bay railway.

Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan
The Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan (French: Assemblée législative de la Saskatchewan) is the legislative chamber of the Saskatchewan Legislature in the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. Bills passed by the assembly are given royal assent by the lieutenant governor of Saskatchewan, in the name of the King of Canada. The assembly meets at the Saskatchewan Legislative Building in Regina.

There are 61 constituencies in the province, which elect members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs). All are single-member districts, though the cities of Regina, Saskatoon and Moose Jaw were in the past represented through multi-member districts, with members elected through block voting.

The legislature has been unicameral since its establishment; there has never been a provincial upper house.

The 30th Saskatchewan Legislature was elected at the 2024 Saskatchewan general election.
Congregational singing
Congregational singing is the practice of the congregation participating in the music of a church, either in the form of hymns or a metrical Psalms or a free form Psalm or in the form of the office of the liturgy (for example Gregorian chants). It is contrasted with music being sung exclusively by a choir or cantor(s). Congregational singing was largely the invention of the Protestant Reformation.  Before then, singing in churches, especially in larger urban churches, was largely left to professionals.  The reformers in Strasbourg, in particular, reduced the church service largely to a sermon bookended by congregational singing and prayers.

Cantor
A cantor or chanter is a person who leads people in singing or sometimes in prayer. Cantor as a profession generally refers to those leading a Jewish congregation, although it also applies to the lead singer or choir director in Christian contexts. In formal Jewish worship, a cantor is a person who sings solo verses or passages to which the choir or congregation responds.
Elsa Jemne
Elsa Laubach Jemne (1887–1974) was an American landscape painter, portraitist, muralist and illustrator born in St. Paul, Minnesota. She attended the St. Paul Institute before continuing her art studies at the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts in Philadelphia.

Jemne returned to the Midwest, where she made most of her art. She completed several murals in Minnesota and Wisconsin on commission for the Section of Painting and Sculpture, which were created in public buildings such as post offices and courthouses. She also had works in local schools and similar institutions, and illustrated several books, including two by Norwegian writer Marie Hamsun translated into English.

Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts
The Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts (PAFA) is a museum and private art school in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Founded in 1805, it is the longest continuously operating art museum and art school in the United States.

The academy's museum is internationally known for its collections of 19th- and 20th-century American paintings, sculptures, and works on paper. Its archives house important materials for the study of American art history, museums, and art training. It offers a Bachelor of Fine Arts, Master of Fine Arts, certificate programs, and continuing education. Beginning in 2025, the academy will cease offering degrees except bachelor's degrees in conjunction with the University of Pennsylvania.
Kottaaram Vilkkaanundu
Kottaaram Vilkkaanundu is a 1975 Indian Malayalam-language film,  directed by K. Suku and produced by Jameena. The film stars Prem Nazir, Jayabharathi, Bahadoor, KP Ummer, Adoor Bhasi and Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair. The film has musical score by G. Devarajan.

Bahadoor
Padiyath Kochumoideen Kunjalu (1930 – 22 May 2000), better known by his stage name Bahadoor, was an Indian actor who appeared in Malayalam films, primarily in comedic roles. He and Adoor Bhasi were the two major comedians in Malayalam cinema in the 1960s and 1970s. Bahadoor also appeared in character roles and in professional plays.

Bahadoor won three Kerala State Film Awards, including two Second Best Actor and a Best Comedian.
2014 Pure Michigan 400
The 2014 Pure Michigan 400 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series stock car race that was held on August 17, 2014, at Michigan International Speedway in Brooklyn, Michigan. Contested over 200 laps on the 2.0-mile (3.2 km) superspeedway, it was the 23rd race of the 2014 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series. Jeff Gordon won the race, his third win of the season. Kevin Harvick finished second while Joey Logano, Paul Menard, and Dale Earnhardt Jr. rounded out the top five. The top rookies of the race were Austin Dillon (22nd), Cole Whitt (25th), and Alex Bowman (26th).

Alex Bowman
Alexander Michael Warren Bowman (born April 25, 1993) is an American professional stock car racing driver and team owner. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 48 Chevrolet Camaro ZL1 for Hendrick Motorsports and part-time in the NASCAR O'Reilly Auto Parts Series, driving the No. 88 Chevrolet Camaro SS for JR Motorsports. He owns a Dirt Midget and Sprint car racing team, Alex Bowman Racing. He is known for a record six consecutive front-row starts in the Daytona 500, from 2018 to 2023, winning the pole in 2018, 2021, and 2023.

He is known by many nicknames, the most predominant being Bowman the Showman. Denny Hamlin called him "just a hack" after a late-race collision at Martinsville in 2021 took Hamlin out of contention for the win. Following a 2022 race at Las Vegas, Kyle Busch said Bowman was "all luck, no skill" after Bowman won the race by taking two tires on a pit stop during a late-race caution.