hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Azerbaijani nomadic life
Azerbaijani nomadic life- refers to the historical and contemporary practice of individuals or groups living a nomadic (tərəkəmə) or semi-nomadic (elat) lifestyle within the cultural environment of Azerbaijan, along with its historical, cultural, and customary aspects. Temporary dwellings used by nomads in Azerbaijan include various types such as "oba, shenlik, sığırxana, yataq, binə, yurd, düşərgə, qışlaq, dəkkə, dəngə, yaylaq, etc". During the summer season, nomadic homes such as "alaçıq, coma, dəyə, muxuru, qarakeçə, dünnüklü ev, kolux, mağardəyə, etc.," are used.

In 2023, the cultural environment of nomadic life and the migration route in Azerbaijan were recognized as part of the World Heritage.

Lachin
Lachin (Azerbaijani: Laçın, (listen)ⓘ, lit. 'falcon') or Berdzor (Armenian: Բերձոր) is a town in Azerbaijan and the administrative centre of the Lachin District. It is located within the strategic Lachin corridor, linking the Nagorno-Karabakh region with Armenia.

The town was under control of Armenian forces in 1992, during the First Nagorno-Karabakh War, and its local Azerbaijani and Kurdish population was expelled, while Armenians settled in. The town came under the de facto control of the breakaway Republic of Artsakh, administered as part of its Kashatagh Province. It came under the supervision of the Russian peacekeeping force following the ceasefire agreement that ended the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war. Lachin and the villages of Sus and Zabukh were returned under Azerbaijan's control on August 26, 2022, as part of the 2020 ceasefire agreement.
2014 FIA World Rallycross Championship
The 2014 FIA World Rallycross Championship presented by Monster Energy was the first edition of the FIA World Rallycross Championship. The season consisted of twelve rounds and started on 3 May with the Portuguese round at Montalegre. The season came to end on 23 November, at San Luis, Argentina.

FIA World Rallycross Championship
The FIA World Rallycross Championship (official abbreviation is World RX,to be world rallycross Cup) is a rallycross series organised and promoted by the FIA. In September 2025, just days before the final round of the 2025 season, it was announced that the championship will revert to being the European Rallycross Championship as seen prior to 2014.
Jean-Marie-Victor Viel
Jean-Marie-Victor Viel (1796–1863) was a French architect who designed the Palais de l'Industrie, an exhibition hall located between the Seine River and the Champs-Élysées which was erected for the Paris World Fair in 1855.

Exposition Universelle (1855)
The Exposition Universelle of 1855 (French pronunciation: [ɛkspozisjɔ̃ ynivɛʁsɛl]), better known in English as the 1855 Paris Exposition, was a world's fair held on the Champs-Élysées in Paris, France, from 15 May to 15 November 1855. Its full official title was the Exposition Universelle des produits de l'Agriculture, de l'Industrie et des Beaux-Arts de Paris 1855. It was the first of ten major expositions held in the city between 1855 and 1937. Nowadays, the exposition's sole physical remnant is the Théâtre du Rond-Point des Champs-Élysées, designed by architect Gabriel Davioud, which originally housed the Panorama National.
Tokhara Yabghus
The Tokhara Yabghus or Yabghus of Tokharistan (simplified Chinese: 吐火罗叶护; traditional Chinese: 吐火羅葉護; pinyin: Tǔhuǒluó Yèhù) were a dynasty of Western Turk rulers with the title "Yabghu"; who ruled from 625 CE in the area of Tokharistan north and south of the Oxus River, with some smaller remnants surviving in the area of Badakhshan until 758 CE. Their legacy extended to the southeast where it came into contact with the Turk Shahis and the Zunbils until the 9th century CE.

Zabulistan
Zabulistan (Persian: زابلستان, Zābolistān, Zāwulistān or simply زابل ), is an ancient and medieval name for a historical region that included mainly southern Afghanistan as well as southeastern Iran.

By the tenth century, Iranian sources mention Zabulistan as part of the Khorasan marches, a frontier region between Khorasan and India. In the Tarikh-i Sistan, finished around 1062 CE, the author regards Zabol as part of the land of Sistan, stretching from the Hamun Oasis all the way to the Indus River.

Today, the Afghan province of Zabul and the Iranian city of Zabol take their names from the historical region. Zabulistan has become popularized as the birthplace of the character Rostam of Ferdowsi's Shahnameh, in which the word "Zabulistan" is used interchangeably with "Sistan", which is the same historical region, located in present-day southern Afghanistan (Nimruz, Helmand, Zabul and Kandahar) and some parts of Iran (Sistan and Baluchestan Province).
Arboretum d'Antsokay
Arboretum d'Antsokay or Antsokay Arboretum is a botanical garden near the city of Toliara in Madagascar. About 900 plant species grow in the Arboretum, 90% of these endemic to Madagascar, 80% of them considered to have medicinal value and many threatened with extinction. Lonely Planet and Rough Guides both list the Arboretum as the top attraction in Toliara.

The Arboretum is located just off the RN7, about 12 km (7.5 mi) southeast of the city, and only 6 km (3.7 mi) from Toliara airport. It is open 7.30-17.30 and closed during the month of February.

There is an interpretation centre, a small museum (with rocks, fossils and an Aepyornis egg), a display of musical instruments and local crafts, a shop, a restaurant, as well as accommodation for visitors at Auberge de la Table. Guided tours are available in English.

Arboretum d'Antsokay collaborates on conservation projects with Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, the WWF, and the CEPF.

Aepyornis
Aepyornis is an extinct genus of elephant bird formerly endemic to Madagascar. The genus had two species, the smaller A. hildebrandti and the larger A. maximus, which is possibly the largest bird ever to have lived. Its closest living relative is the New Zealand kiwi. They became extinct sometime around AD 1000, probably as a result of human activity.
Indigirka
The Indigirka (Russian: Индиги́рка; Yakut: Индигиир, romanized: İndigiir) is a river in the Sakha Republic in Russia between the Yana to the west and the Kolyma to the east. It is 1,726 kilometres (1,072 mi) long. The area of its basin is 360,000 square kilometres (140,000 sq mi).

Yakut language
The Yakut language (/jəˈkuːt/ yə-KOOT), also known as the Sakha language (/səˈxɑː/ sə-KHAH) or Yakutian, is a Siberian Turkic language spoken by around 450,000 native speakers—primarily by ethnic Yakuts. It is one of the official languages of the Sakha Republic, a republic in the Russian Federation.

The Yakut language has a large number of loanwords of Mongolic origin, a layer of vocabulary of unclear origin, as well as numerous recent borrowings from Russian. Like other Turkic languages, Yakut is an agglutinative language and features vowel harmony.
Fyfield, Milton Lilbourne
Fyfield is a small hamlet in the civil parish of Milton Lilbourne, in Wiltshire, England, about 1 mile (1.6 km) east of Pewsey.

It is to be distinguished from the larger village of Fyfield, three miles west of Marlborough, also in Wiltshire; the two places are about six miles apart. It should also be distinguished from the hamlet of Fifield, in Enford parish about six miles south of Pewsey.

Fyfield was a tithing of the parish of Milton Lilbourne. It is typical of the strip tithings on the northern edge of Salisbury Plain: it extends from the greensand on the valley floor to the chalk downland of Fyfield Hill (also known as Fyfield Down, but to be distinguished from Fyfield Down on the Marlborough Downs, near the other Fyfield).

Fyfield Manor has parts which date back to the 15th century and is Grade I listed.  It was the home of Sir Anthony Eden in the 1960s, then sold in 1966 to Charles Morrison.

Fyfield (near Marlborough)
Fyfield is a village and civil parish in the English county of Wiltshire, in the Kennet Valley about 2.5 miles (4.0 km) west of Marlborough. The village is on the A4 road which was historically the main route from London to the west of England. In 2011 the parish had a population of 195.
Henri Brocard
Pierre René Jean Baptiste Henri Brocard (French pronunciation: [pjɛʁ ʁəne ʒɑ̃ batist ɑ̃ʁi bʁɔkaʁ]; 12 May 1845 – 16 January 1922) was a French meteorologist and mathematician, in particular a geometer. His best-known achievement is the invention and discovery of the properties of the Brocard points, the Brocard circle, and the Brocard triangle, all bearing his name.

Contemporary mathematician Nathan Court wrote that he, along with Émile Lemoine and Joseph Neuberg, was one of the three co-founders of modern triangle geometry. He was awarded the Ordre des Palmes Académiques, and was an officer of the Légion d'honneur.

He spent most of his life studying meteorology as an officer in the French Navy, but seems to have made no notable original contributions to the subject.

Nathan Altshiller Court
Nathan Altshiller Court (January 22, 1881 – July 20, 1968) was a Polish–American mathematician. He was a geometer and the author of the popular book College Geometry, who spent most of his career at the University of Oklahoma.
Tuulo Samakaab
Tuulo Samakaab or Tuula Samakaab is a village in the Sool Region, currently under the control of Khatumo State forces.

It is situated in the middle of the road connecting Guumays and Las Anod. Furthermore, it serves as the starting point of the road that connects to the Buhoodle District.

Muse Bihi Abdi
Musa Bihi Abdi (Somali: Muuse Biixi Cabdi, Arabic: موسى بيحي عبدي; born 16 June 1948) is a Somaliland politician and former military officer who served as the 5th President of Somaliland from 2017 to 2024.

During the 1970s, he served as a pilot in the Somali Air Force under the Siad Barre administration. In 2010, Bihi was appointed the chairman of the ruling Kulmiye party in Somaliland. In November 2015, Bihi was selected as the party's Presidential Candidate at the 5th annual central committee convention.

On 21 November 2017 Muse was announced the winner of the 2017 presidential election, and officially became the President of Somaliland on 13 December 2017. He lost his reelection bid to Abdirahman Mohamed Abdullahi in the 2024 presidential election.
Fairytale (The Crown)
"Fairytale" is the third episode of the fourth season of the historical drama television series The Crown. The 33rd episode overall, it was released on Netflix on 15 November 2020, alongside the rest of the season. "Fairytale" stars Olivia Colman, Tobias Menzies, Helena Bonham Carter, Josh O'Connor, Emma Corrin, Marion Bailey, Erin Doherty and Emerald Fennell, and was written by series creator and executive producer Peter Morgan, and directed by executive producer Benjamin Caron.

Set in 1981, the episode depicts the engagement of Charles, Prince of Wales (O'Connor) to Lady Diana Spencer (Corrin), culminating in their wedding. Diana struggles to adapt to her new position, and it becomes clear that the match is unsuitable.

"Fairytale" received critical acclaim, with particular praise given to its psychological exploration of Diana and Corrin's performance.

Tobias Menzies
Tobias Simpson Menzies (born 7 March 1974) is an English actor. He is known for playing Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, in the third and fourth seasons of the series The Crown, for which he won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series and received Golden Globe and British Academy Television Award nominations. Menzies also played Frank and Jonathan "Black Jack" Randall in Starz's Outlander, for which he received a Golden Globe Award nomination, in addition to his roles as Brutus in Rome and Edmure Tully in Game of Thrones.
Liga Sudamericana de Básquetbol MVP
The Liga Sudamericana de Básquetbol MVP, or FIBA South American League MVP, is an annual basketball award, that is given by the professional South American second-tier level Liga Sudamericana de Básquetbol (LSB), which is commonly known as the FIBA South American League, to its Most Valuable Player of each league season. The award began with the league's inaugural 1996 season. The first award winner was Jorge Racca. The player with the most awards won so far is Guilherme Giovannoni, whom won the award twice, in 2010 and 2013.

Guilherme Giovannoni
Guilherme Giovannoni (born June 2, 1980) is a Brazilian former professional basketball player. He played at the power forward position for several clubs in Brazil and Europe. Currently, he is a commentator on the National Basketball Association
and Novo Basquete Brasil for ESPN Brasil.
George Render
George William Armitage Render (5 January 1887 – 17 September 1922) was an English first-class cricketer, who played one match for Yorkshire County Cricket Club in 1919.

Born in Dewsbury, Yorkshire, England, Render was a right-handed batsman, who scored 5 batting at number five, in his only innings against Derbyshire at Bradford Park Avenue. His right arm medium fast bowling was not called upon. Yorkshire won the match by ten wickets.

Render also played for the Heavy Woollen District in 1911, Yorkshire Cricket Council in 1912 and the Yorkshire Second XI from 1912 to 1919 in local representative games.

He died, just three years after his only first-class match, in September 1922 in Hanging Heaton, Yorkshire, aged 35.

Dewsbury
Dewsbury is a market town in the Metropolitan Borough of Kirklees, West Yorkshire, England. It is sited on the River Calder and on an arm of the Calder and Hebble Navigation waterway. It lies to the west of Wakefield, east of Huddersfield and south of Leeds. Historically a part of the West Riding of Yorkshire, after undergoing a period of major growth in the 19th century as a mill town, Dewsbury went through a period of decline. It forms part of the Heavy Woollen District, of which it is the largest town. The population of the built-up area was 63,722 at the 2021 Census.
Cam River (Canterbury)
The Cam River / Ruataniwha is a small river in Canterbury in the South Island of New Zealand. It is a tributary of the Kaiapoi River, itself a tributary of the Waimakariri River.

The Cam / Ruataniwha rises just to the east of the town of Rangiora and flows south across the Canterbury Plains towards Kaiapoi. It has two named tributaries, North Brook and South Brook, both of which rise in Rangiora, plus several unnamed streams and drainage canals.

The river's official name was changed from Cam River to the dual name Cam River / Ruataniwha by the Ngai Tahu Claims Settlement Act 1998. The Cam river holds a small population of Brown trout and Chinook salmon, with its tributaries spawning grounds for the trout and salmon mostly in the North Brook and South Brook stream, Middle Brook is silted so any trout in the stream do not spawn.

Rangiora
Rangiora is the largest town and seat of the Waimakariri District, in Canterbury, New Zealand. It is 29 kilometres (18 mi) north of Christchurch, and is part of the Christchurch metropolitan area. With an estimated population of 19,300 (as of June 2025), Rangiora is the 30th largest urban area in New Zealand, and the fifth-largest in the Canterbury region (behind Christchurch, Timaru, Ashburton and Rolleston).
Myrtle Lind
Margaret Victoria Anderson (September 2, 1898 – October 12, 1993) known professionally as Myrtle Lind was an American film actress. She was one of Mack Sennett's Bathing Beauties and appeared in several comedy films including with Oliver Hardy and John Gilbert. The Library of Congress has a photo of her holding a large camera on the beach.

Lind transitioned from Bathing Beauty to an actress opposite comedians and then to drama.

Oliver Hardy
Oliver Norvell Hardy (born Norvell Hardy; January 18, 1892 – August 7, 1957) was an American comic actor and one half of Laurel and Hardy, the double act that began in the era of silent films and lasted from 1926 to 1957. He appeared with his comedy partner Stan Laurel in 107 short films, feature films, and cameo roles. He was credited with his first film, Outwitting Dad, in 1914. In most of his silent films before joining producer Hal Roach, he was billed on screen as Babe Hardy.
Lillian Lee (computer scientist)
Lillian Lee is a computer scientist whose research involves natural language processing, sentiment analysis, and computational social science. She is a professor of computer science and information science at Cornell University, and co-editor-in-chief of the journal Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics.

Computational social science
Computational social science is an interdisciplinary academic sub-field concerned with computational approaches to the social sciences.
This means that computers are used to model, simulate, and analyze social phenomena. 
It has been applied in areas such as computational economics, computational sociology, computational media analysis, cliodynamics, culturomics, nonprofit studies.
It focuses on investigating social and behavioral relationships and interactions using data science approaches (such as machine learning or rule-based analysis), network analysis, social simulation and studies using interactive systems.
Lola Brooks (artist)
Lola Brooks is an artist, metalsmith, and educator who specializes in jewelry. Brooks' works have been shown at places such as the National Ornamental Metal Museum, The Society of Arts and Crafts, Cleveland Museum of Natural History, the Museum of Craft and Folk Art, and was included in the Talente exhibition in 1996. She has created works that are part of the permanent collection of the Museum of Art and Design, Yale Art Gallery, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Brooks grew up in suburban Connecticut. She spent two decades in New York city before relocating to Georgia in 2012.

Metal Museum
The Metal Museum, formerly called the National Ornamental Metal Museum, is a museum in Memphis, Tennessee.  Founded by artist-blacksmith James Wallace, the museum is devoted to exhibitions of metalwork and public programs featuring metalsmiths.
Red Maples (Southampton, New York)
Red Maples was an early 20th-century estate on fifteen acres in the Village of Southampton, Suffolk County, New York, named after the thirty or so maple trees that once lined its entrance court. The architects Hiss and Weekes designed the house, terraces and several ancillary buildings, and the landscape architect Ferruccio Vitale designed the gardens. Completed in 1913, the house was demolished in 1947 and the estate subdivided over time into eight parcels. A gate house (enlarged and relocated), and a carriage house (converted to a residence) have survived.

Carriage house
A carriage house, also called a remise or coach house, is a term used in North America to describe an outbuilding that was originally built to house horse-drawn carriages and their related tack. Carriage houses were often two stories, with related staff quarters above.
Ivo Eensalu
Ivo Eensalu (born 3 April 1949) is an Estonian actor and theatre director. Eensalu's career began in the early 1970s, and has appeared as an actor on stage, film and in television. He became widely known after appearing on the Eesti Televisioon children's educational television series Mõmmi ja aabits. From 1995 until 2001, he was the director of the Estonian Drama Theatre.

NUKU Theatre
Estonian Theatre for Young Audiences, formerly Estonian State Puppet Theatre, Estonian Puppet and Youth Theatre and NUKU) is an Estonian theatre located in Tallinn. The institution focuses on visual theatre and theatre for the young viewer. It is currently the only professional puppet and visual theatre in Estonia.

The theatre was founded in 1952 by Ferdinand Veike and has been directed by Leino Rei since 2024.

The theatre building is also home to a puppetry museum.
Riyadh Al-Hakim
Ayatollah Sayyid Riyadh al-Tabatabaei al-Hakim (Arabic: رياض الطباطبائي الحكيم; born January 18, 1958) is the eldest son of grand Ayatollah, Muhammad Saeed al-Hakim. He is a notable teacher at the Islamic seminary of Qom.

Marja'
Marja' (Arabic: مرجع, romanized: marjiʿ ; plural marājiʿ ; lit. 'source to follow'  or 'religious reference') is a title given to the highest level of Twelver Shia religious cleric, with the authority given by a hawzah (a seminary where Shi'a Muslim scholars are educated) to make legal decisions within the confines of Islamic law for followers and clerics below him in rank. The highest ranking marjiʿ is known as the marja al-mutlaq or marja al-taqlid al-mutlaq. A marji' is usually also a grand ayatollah.

Sources differ as to when the institution of the marja' emerged, with Murtadha al-Ansari (died 1864) and Muhammad ibn Ya'qub al-Kulayni (died 940 or 941) both being called the first marja'.

As of 2023, there are more than 50 living maraji, almost all residing in Iran or Iraq.
Roman amphitheatre of Italica
The Roman amphitheatre of Italica is a Roman amphitheatre in the Roman colonia of Italica –in present-day Santiponce (Seville), Spain–, in the Roman province of Hispania Baetica. Built during the reign of emperor Hadrian (who was born in Italica), approximately between the years AD 117 and 138, it was one of the largest in the entire Roman Empire with a capacity of 25,000 spectators. It was used for gladiatorial fights and combats between beasts or men and beasts during ancient Rome.

Italica was largely abandoned by the Romans in the 3rd century. It was rediscovered during the Renaissance, in the 17th century, and work to unearth the amphitheatre began in the late 19th century. The amphitheatre, currently in ruins, is a tourist site offering visitor tours.

Santiponce
Santiponce is a town located in the province of Seville, Spain. According to the 2006 census (INE), the town has a population of 7742 inhabitants.

The town contains the ruins of the Roman city Italica.
Long Creek Academy
The Long Creek Academy is a former Christian school that is located at the intersection of Academy Road and South Carolina S-37-339 near U.S. Route 76 near Long Creek, South Carolina in Oconee County. It was named to the National Register of Historic Places on November 20, 1987. It is currently used by a whitewater rafting company.

Christian school
A Christian school is a religious school run on Christian principles or by a Christian organization. These schools often include religious education and worship in their curriculum. They may also have a distinct Christian mission or philosophy.

The nature of Christian schools varies enormously from country to country, according to the religious, educational, and political cultures. In some countries, there is a strict separation of church and state, so all religious schools are private; in others, there is an established church whose teachings form an integral part of the state-operated educational system; in yet others, the state subsidizes religious schools of various denominations.
Ducati Diana
The Ducati Diana, known as the Ducati Daytona in the United Kingdom, is a 249 cc (15.2 cu in) single cylinder bevel drive SOHC motorcycle produced by the Italian manufacturer Ducati from 1961 to 1964. It was the sports version of Ducati's first 250 cc road bike. It was replaced in 1962 by the higher performance Ducati Diana Mark 3 in the US and by the Ducati Mach 1 in Europe in September 1964.

Motorcycle frame
A motorcycle frame is a motorcycle's core structure. Its main function is to provide a torsionally rigid connection between the steering head at the front and the swinging-arm bearing at the rear for predictable handling and safety. It also supports the engine, the rider and any passenger or luggage. Also attached to the frame are the fuel tank and battery. At the front of the frame is found the steering head tube that holds the pivoting front fork, while at the rear there is a pivot point for the swingarm suspension motion. Some motorcycles include the engine as a load-bearing stressed member; while some other bikes do not use a single frame, but instead have a front and a rear subframe attached to the engine.