hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Physics Teacher
The Physics Teacher is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by AIP Publishing on behalf of the American Association of Physics Teachers covering the history and philosophy of physics, applied physics, physics education (curriculum developments, pedagogy, instructional lab equipment, etc.), and book reviews. It was established in 1963 and the current editor-in-chief is Gary White (George Washington University). Paul G. Hewitt is a regular contributor to The Physics Teacher.

American Institute of Physics
The American Institute of Physics (AIP) promotes science and the profession of physics, publishes physics journals, and produces publications for scientific and engineering societies. The AIP is made up of various member societies. Its corporate headquarters are at the American Center for Physics in College Park, Maryland, but the institute also has offices in Melville, New York, and Beijing.
VTV5
VTV5 is a Vietnamese state-owned television network aimed at ethnic minorities and sports in Vietnam.

Since 2016, VTV5 has expanded its programs through its operated-and-owned local channels under the VTV5 banner. The first was VTV5 Southwest, which relaunched in 2016, originally belonged to Vietnam Television Center in Can Tho. The second is VTV5 Central Highlands, which broadcasts programs aimed at the Central Highlands minorities.

Although the main broadcast of VTV5 is for ethnic groups, several sports events and football matches are also live on VTV5. These sports content are also shown on VTV2.

Cần Thơ
Cần Thơ (Vietnamese pronunciation: [kə̀n tʰə̄ː] ⓘ) is the fourth-largest city in Vietnam, and the largest city along the Mekong Delta region in Vietnam. It is noted for its floating markets, Bánh tráng-making village, and picturesque rural canals. It has a population of around 4,199,824 as of 2024, and is located on the south bank of the Hậu River, a distributary of the Mekong River.

The city is nicknamed the "Western Metropolis" (Tây Đô / 西都), and is located 169 kilometres (105 miles) from Hồ Chí Minh City.
Ryan Jarrett
Ryan Jarrett (born December 28, 1983), is an American professional rodeo cowboy who specializes in tie-down roping and competes in the Professional Rodeo Cowboys Association (PRCA) circuit. At the 2005 National Finals Rodeo (NFR), he won the PRCA All-Around world championship. He competed in steer wrestling, tie-down roping, and team roping during the season and at the NFR to win the title.

He was inducted into the Rodeo Hall of Fame of the National Cowboy and Western Heritage Museum in 2010.

National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum
The National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum is a museum in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States, with more than 28,000 Western and Native American art works and artifacts. The facility also has the world's most extensive collection of American rodeo photographs, barbed wire, saddlery, and early rodeo trophies. Museum collections focus on preserving and interpreting the heritage of the American West. The museum has an extensive collection of paintings by Charles Marion Russell and Frederic Remington. It also hosts the annual Prix de West Invitational Art Exhibition and Sale each June, one of the leading events in the world of Western American Art. The Prix de West Artists sell original works of art as a fundraiser for the museum.
Prince of Darkness (Ozzy Osbourne album)
Prince of Darkness is a box set of four CDs by Ozzy Osbourne released in 2005. The first two CDs are Osbourne's solo work containing various studio recordings, live tracks, b-sides, demos and outtakes. Disc three consists of collaborations, and disc four consists of newly recorded cover songs. The covers were released on a stand-alone album entitled Under Cover later in the year.

Notably, the album tracks from Blizzard of Ozz and Diary of a Madman included in the set are taken from the 2002 remasters of those albums, for which the original drum and bass tracks were replaced with new recordings by Osbourne's then-current bassist Robert Trujillo and drummer Mike Bordin, as a management response to legal action by original bassist Bob Daisley and drummer Lee Kerslake for unpaid royalty fees. Likewise, the tracks from Bark at the Moon are similarly taken from the 2002 remaster, for which they were remixed and altered.

Bob Daisley
Robert John Daisley (born 13 February 1950) is an Australian musician and songwriter. A bassist, he is perhaps best known for his intermittent relationship with vocalist Ozzy Osbourne, for whom he contributed bass guitar, co-production and songwriting throughout the 1980s. Daisley has also worked with prominent rock acts including Black Sabbath, Rainbow, Gary Moore, Chicken Shack and Uriah Heep, among others. In 2013, he published his autobiography entitled For Facts Sake.
Clara María González de Amezúa
Clara María González de Amezúa Noriega (26 December 1929 – 16 August 2024) was a Spanish businesswoman, writer, and gastronome. She was the cofounder and owner of the kitchenware store and cooking school Alambique.

In 2015, the Royal Academy of Gastronomy presented her with its National Award for lifetime achievement.

Gastronomy
Gastronomy is the study of the relationship between food and culture, the art of preparing and serving rich or delicate and appetizing food, the cooking styles of particular regions, and the science of good eating. One who is well versed in gastronomy is called a gastronome, while a gastronomist is one who unites theory and practice in the study of gastronomy. Practical gastronomy is associated with the practice and study of the preparation, production, and service of the various foods and beverages, from countries around the world. It is related with a system and process approach, focused on recipes, techniques and cookery books. Food gastronomy is connected with food and beverages and their genesis. Technical gastronomy underpins practical gastronomy, introducing a rigorous approach to evaluation of gastronomic topics.
Lummis Day
Lummis Day is a signature community arts and music event in the neighborhoods of Northeast Los Angeles, showcasing the community's considerable pool of musicians, poets, artists, dancers and restaurants representing a kaleidoscope of ethnicities and cultural traditions. Since 2014, Occidental College's Institute for the Study of Los Angeles has partnered with the Lummis Day Community Foundation to support cultural programming.

For the community, Lummis Day was a party with a purpose, a cultural showcase for the various ethnicities and cultures that share the Northeast Los Angeles neighborhoods. In 2008, attendance reached 9,000 people – making it into one of the area's biggest annual events.

Carlos Guitarlos
Carlos Guitarlos (born Carlos Daniel Ayala, March 18, 1950) is an American guitarist. He first gained attention in Top Jimmy & The Rhythm Pigs. The Encyclopedia of Popular Music remarked of Guitarlos that his career in music "has taken in cult stardom in Los Angeles, alcoholism, homelessness, and an unexpected return to recording in the new millennium."
Exel, Netherlands
Exel (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɛksəl]) is a village in the municipality of Lochem in the province of Gelderland in the Netherlands, in an area known as the Achterhoek.

The village consists of four streets, the Oude Lochemseweg, the Exelseweg, 't Veld, and the Vossebosweg. Exel consists of a core with approximately 55 homes and 170 inhabitants and a large rural area with 700 inhabitants. The area, with a length of 6.5 km and a width of 1.5 km, is wedged between the Verwolde and Ampsen estates and borders the Ampsen forests.

Achterhoek
The Achterhoek (Dutch: [ˈɑxtərɦuk] ⓘ; Achterhoeks: Achterhook) is a cultural region and COROP area in the Eastern Netherlands.
Its name (meaning "rear-corner") is geographically appropriate because the area lies in the easternmost part of the province of Gelderland and therefore in the east of the Netherlands, protruding into Germany. The Achterhoek lies at the east of the IJssel. On the other sides, it borders Germany to the southeast and the province of Overijssel to the northeast.

In 2015, the Achterhoek had a population of 389,682. The region is also called de Graafschap (Dutch for earldom, shire or county; namesake of VBV De Graafschap in Doetinchem) because it coincides with the historical County of Zutphen. The region is predominantly rural, with much open space, forests and farms. The area around the town of Winterswijk is regarded as noteworthy. A well-known beer originates from this region: Grolsch beer was first brewed in Groenlo in 1615.
1990 Open Clarins
The 1990 Open Clarins was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Racing Club de France in Paris, France, and was part of the Tier IV category of the 1990 WTA Tour. It was the fourth edition of the tournament and was held from 17 September until 23 September 1990. First-seeded Conchita Martínez won the singles title and earned $27,000 first-prize money.

WTA Tier IV tournaments
The WTA Tier IV tournaments were Women's Tennis Association fourth-level tournaments held from 1990 until the end of the 2008 season. The line-up of events varied over the years, with tournaments being promoted, demoted or cancelled. Some of the tournaments became Tier V events between 1990 and 1992, and later from 2001 to 2005, before being integrated back into Tier IV.

From 2009 WTA Tour, WTA changed the tournament categories, so that most of the Tier III and Tier IV tournaments from 2008 were in one category, WTA International tournaments.
Babis Bizas
Babis Bizas (born Charalampos Bizas; born 16 September 1954) is a Greek travel writer, explorer, and geographer. He participated in an expedition to the North Pole in May 1996, and 18 years later, in December 2014, he landed on the South Pole, thus probably becoming the only Greek to have visited both Poles. By 2004 Bizas had visited all 193 sovereign countries of the world. He is currently a member of the RGO (Russian Geographic Society).

Russian Geographical Society
The Russian Geographical Society (Russian: Ру́сское географи́ческое о́бщество (РГО)), or RGO, is a learned society based in Saint Petersburg, Russia. It promotes geography, exploration and nature protection with research programs in fields including oceanography, ethnography, ecology and statistics.
Irena Kočí
Irena Kočí (born 17 September 1955) is a Czech politician and former member of the Chamber of Deputies for Czech Social Democratic Party. She replaced Michal Pohanka, former member of the Chamber for ČSSD, who left the Social Democratic caucus and used to vote with the government parties.

She took her matura exam at the secondary in Moravský Krumlov and continued at an economic secondary school in Brno.

Kočí joined Czech Social Democratic Party in 1998. In 2008, she was elected to the Council of the South Moravian Region.

Moravský Krumlov
Moravský Krumlov (Czech pronunciation: [ˈmorafskiː ˈkrumlof]; German: Mährisch Kromau) is a town in Znojmo District in the South Moravian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 5,700 inhabitants. The Rokytná River flows through the town. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument zone. The Renaissance building of the Moravský Krumlov Castle is the main landmark of the town.
2025 Ladies' National Football League
The 2025 Ladies' National Football League, known for sponsorship reasons as the Lidl Ladies' National Football League, was a ladies' Gaelic football competition taking place in early 2025.

Kerry were the winners, defeating Armagh in the final.

Ladies' National Football League
The Ladies' National Football League is an annual inter-county ladies' Gaelic football tournament, secondary to the All-Ireland Senior Ladies' Football Championship. It is competed for annually by the county teams of Ireland. Kerry has won the title 13 times.
Moses Margolies
Moses Margolies or Moshe ben Shimon Margalit (Hebrew: משה מרגלית; c. 1710 in Kėdainiai, Lithuania – 1781 in Brody, then a private town of the Polish Crown) was a Lithuanian Jewish rabbi and a commentator on the Jerusalem Talmud.

Brody
Brody (Ukrainian: Броди, IPA: [ˈbrɔdɪ] ⓘ; Polish: Brody; German: Brody; Yiddish: בראָד, romanized: Brod) is a city in Zolochiv Raion, Lviv Oblast, western Ukraine. It is located in the valley of the upper Styr River, approximately 90 kilometres (56 miles) northeast of the oblast capital, Lviv. Brody hosts the administration of Brody urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. Population: 23,134 (2022 estimate).

Brody is the junction of the Druzhba and Odesa–Brody oil pipelines.
1931 Tour de France, Stage 13 to Stage 24
The 1931 Tour de France was the 25th edition of the Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Paris with a flat stage on 30 June, and Stage 13 occurred on 13 July with a flat stage from Marseille. The race finished in Paris on 26 July.

Charleville-Mézières
Charleville-Mézières (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁləvil mezjɛʁ] ⓘ) is a commune of northern France and the prefecture of the Ardennes department, in the Grand Est region.
Charleville-Mézières is located on the banks of the river Meuse.
Daan District, Taipei
Daan District (or Da-an District, Da'an District) is an important political, educational, commercial, residential and cultural district of Taipei, Taiwan. The name of the district means "great safety" or "great peace".  Located in Northern Taiwan, it is known for having one of the highest real estate prices in Taipei and Asia in general.

District (Taiwan)
Districts are administrative subdivisions of Taiwan's special municipalities of the second level and provincial cities of the third level formerly under its provinces. There are two types of district in the administrative scheme:

Ordinary districts are governed directly by the municipality/city government, with district administrators appointed by mayors to four-year terms. The mountain indigenous district is a local government body with elected district chiefs as well as district council serving four-year terms.
2013 Netball Superleague season
The 2013 Netball Superleague season was the eighth season of the Netball Superleague. The league was won by Team Bath who defeated Celtic Dragons in the grand final. 2013 used a three phases format similar to 2012.

2012 Netball Superleague season
The 2012  Netball Superleague season (known for sponsorship reasons as the FIAT Netball Superleague) was the seventh season of the Netball Superleague. The league was won by Northern Thunder. In the grand final Northern Thunder defeated Surrey Storm. 2012 saw the introduction of a new format, featuring three distinct phases, including a Showdown Weekend.
Denis Duk
Denis Vladimirovich Duk (Russian: Денис Владимирович Дук; born 29 May 1977) is a Belarusian historian, archaeologist and academic serving as rector of Mogilev State A. Kuleshov University since 2017. He has been a member of the Central Election Commission since 2021.

Central Election Commission of Belarus
The Central Election Commission of the Republic of Belarus (CEC) is the body responsible for conducting national elections and overseeing local elections in Belarus. The CEC of Belarus is a member of the Association of Central and Eastern European Election Officials.
Nhyiaeso (Ghana parliament constituency)
Nhyiaeso is one of the constituencies represented in the Parliament of Ghana. It elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Nhyiaeso is located in the Kumasi Metropolitan district  of the Ashanti Region of Ghana.

This seat was created prior to the  Ghanaian parliamentary election in 2004 and has been held by the New Patriotic Party since then.

The Member of Parliament for the Nhyiaeso Constituency is Stephen Amoah since 2017.

Ashanti Region
The Ashanti Region is located in the southern part of Ghana and is the third largest of 16 administrative regions, occupying a total land surface of 24,389 km2 (9,417 sq mi) and making up 10.2 percent of the total land area of Ghana. It is the most populated region in Ghana, with a population of 5,440,463 according to the 2021 census, accounting for around one-sixth of Ghana's total population. The Ashanti Region is known for its gold bar and cocoa production. The largest city and capital of Ashanti is Kumasi.
2-Bromobutyric acid
2-Bromobutyric acid is the organic compound with the molecular formula CH3CH2CH(Br)CO2H. It is a colorless liquid.

The 2-position is stereogenic, so the compound is chiral.  Optical resolution can be effected using strychnine.

2-Bromobutyric acid is used as a building block chemical, such as in the preparation of Levetiracetam, an anticonvulsant medication.

Strychnine
Strychnine (/ˈstrɪkniːn, -nɪn/, STRIK-neen, -⁠nin, US chiefly /-naɪn/ -⁠nyne) is a highly toxic, colorless, bitter, crystalline alkaloid used as a pesticide, particularly for killing small vertebrates such as birds and rodents. Strychnine, when inhaled, swallowed, or absorbed through the eyes or mouth, causes poisoning which results in muscular convulsions and eventually death through asphyxia. While it is no longer used medicinally, it was used historically in small doses to strengthen muscle contractions, such as a heart and bowel stimulant and performance-enhancing drug. The most common source is from the seeds of the Strychnos nux-vomica tree.
Cauquira Airport
Cauquira Airport (IATA: CDD, ICAO: MHCU) is an airstrip serving Cauquira, a village in Gracias a Dios Department, Honduras. The airstrip and village are on a wooded barrier spit protecting the Cauquira and Caratasca Lagoons. The airstrip is 0.8 kilometres (0.5 mi) inland from the Caribbean shore.

The Puerto Lempira non-directional beacon (Ident: PLP) is located 11.4 nautical miles (21.1 km) west-southwest of the airstrip.

Non-directional beacon
A non-directional beacon (NDB) or non-directional radio beacon is a radio beacon which does not include inherent directional information. Radio beacons are radio transmitters at a known location, used as an aviation or marine navigational aid. NDB are in contrast to directional radio beacons and other navigational aids, such as low-frequency radio range, VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) and tactical air navigation system (TACAN).

NDB signals follow the curvature of the Earth, so they can be received at much greater distances at lower altitudes, a major advantage over VOR. However, NDB signals are also affected more by atmospheric conditions, mountainous terrain, coastal refraction and electrical storms, particularly at long range. The system, developed by United States Army Air Corps (USAAC) Captain Albert Francis Hegenberger, was used to fly the world's first instrument approach on May 9, 1932.
Sarpanchi
Sarpanchi is an upcoming Punjabi-language web series scheduled to release on 15 August 2024, on the OTT platform Chaupal. The series is written and directed by Gurpreet Singh Palheri and features Jass Bajwa, Kuljinder Sidhu, Sardar Sohi, Gurinder Makna, and Irwinmeet.

Sardar Sohi
Parmjeet Singh Sohi, popularly known as Sardar Sohi, is an Indian actor and writer who works in Punjabi cinema. He is from Palasaur near Dhuri, Punjab. He is best known for the films The Legend of Bhagat Singh and Ardaas. Sohi started his Punjabi film career with Long Da Lishkara, which was released in 1986.
Raoul Whitfield
Raoul Whitfield (November 22, 1896 – January 24, 1945) was an American writer of adventure, aviation, and hardboiled crime fiction. During his writing career, from the mid-1920s to the mid-1930s, Whitfield published over 300 short stories and serials in pulp magazines, as well as nine books, including Green Ice (1930) and Death in a Bowl (1931). For his novels and contributions to the Black Mask, Whitfield is considered one of the original members of the hard-boiled school of American detective fiction and has been referred as "the Black Mask's forgotten man".

By the mid-1930s, the amount of work Whitfield produced dropped substantially as he suffered what the Black Mask editor Joseph Shaw described as a "personal tragedy." Both his second and third wife died by suicide; in his later years, despite coming into money, Whitfield was broke and suffering from tuberculosis. He would die of the disease in 1945.

Marcel Duhamel
Marcel Duhamel (16 July 1900 – 6 March 1977) was a French actor and screenwriter, founder of the Série noire publishing imprint.

He played The Foreman in Jean Renoir's 1936 The Crime of Monsieur Lange.

In 1953 he was credited as screenplay writer for This Man Is Dangerous, a French film adaptation of Peter Cheyney's novel of the same name.

He translated and published Jim Thompson's 1964 pulp novel Pop. 1280 as 1275 Âmes ("souls") in French in 1966. Thereafter, the book was transposed to French colonial Africa in Bertrand Tavernier's film Coup de Torchon (Clean Slate) in 1981. He also translated (with Maurice-Edgar Coindreau) John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath. Coindreau in an interview credited Duhamel with the bulk of the translation, noting that he himself had translated only about sixty pages of it.
Bonturo Dati
Bonturo Dati (died 1324) was an early 14th-century leader of the liberals in Lucca. He expelled his political enemies in 1308, gaining control of the government of the city. Boasting that he would put an end to barratry, ironically he became famous for his venality. According to Benvenuto, he controlled the entire municipality, through bribes he could appoint and dismiss anyone he wanted.

Dati is famous for provoking a war with Pisa in 1313, that is commemorated in Faida di Comune by Giosuè Carducci. He is featured in Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy, where he is punished in Circle Eight, Bolgia Five.

Lucca
Lucca (/ˈluːkə/ LOO-kə, Italian: [ˈlukka] ⓘ) is a city and comune in Tuscany, Central Italy, on the Serchio River, in a fertile plain.

The city has a population of about 89,000, while its province has a population of 383,957. Lucca is known as an Italian "Città d'arte" (City of Art) from its intact Renaissance-era city walls and its very well preserved historic center, where, among other buildings and monuments, are located the Piazza dell'Anfiteatro, which has its origins in the second half of the 1st century A.D., the Guinigi Tower, a 45-metre-tall (150 ft) tower that dates from the 14th century  and the Cathedral of San Martino.

The city is the birthplace of numerous world-class composers, including Giacomo Puccini, Alfredo Catalani, and Luigi Boccherini.
Hautapu River (Manawatū-Whanganui)
The Hautapu River is a river in the Manawatū-Whanganui region of New Zealand. It originates east of the Ngamatea Swamp in the New Zealand Army's Waiouru Training area. From here it flows south, through private farmland, and in some places following State Highway 1, for several kilometres before entering the Rangitīkei River south of Taihape.

State Highway 1 (New Zealand)
State Highway 1 (SH 1) is the longest and most significant road in the New Zealand road network, running the length of both main islands. It appears on road maps as SH 1 and on road signs as a white number 1 on a red shield, but it has the  official designations SH 1N in the North Island and SH 1S in the South Island.

SH 1 is 2,006 kilometres (1,246 mi) long, 1,074 km (667 mi) in the North Island and 932 km (579 mi) in the South Island. Since 2010 new roads have reduced the length from 2,033 km (1,263 mi). For the majority of its length it is a two-lane single carriageway, with at-grade intersections and property accesses, in both rural and urban areas. These sections have some passing lanes. Around 315 km (196 mi) of SH 1 is of motorway or expressway standard as of August 2022: 281 km (175 mi) in the North Island and 34 km (21 mi) in the South Island.