hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ishac Diwan
Ishac Diwan (born 1957 in Beirut, Lebanon) is a prominent Lebanese economist. He currently teaches economics at l'École normale supérieure as well as the American University of Beirut. He is also the Director of Research at the Finance for Development Lab, a center he co-founded with French economist Daniel Cohen and other colleagues. The lab is located at the Centre pour la recherche économique et ses applications Centre pour la recherche économique et ses applications (CEPREMAP) at the Paris School of Economics.

Paris School of Economics
The Paris School of Economics (PSE; French: École d'économie de Paris) is a French research institute in the field of economics.  It offers MPhil, MSc, and PhD level programmes in various fields of theoretical and applied economics, including macroeconomics, econometrics, political economy and international economics.

PSE is a brainchild of the École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS, where the students are enrolled primarily), École normale supérieure · PSL (ENS), the École des ponts and University Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne. It is physically located on the ENS-PSL Jourdan campus, in the 14th arrondissement of Paris. It was founded in 2006 as a coalition of grandes écoles, a university and an école normale supérieure to unify high-level research in economics across French academia, and was first presided by economist Thomas Piketty.
Arthur Roberts (Australian footballer)
Arthur Llewellyn Roberts (28 March 1911 – 8 January 1984) was an Australian rules footballer who played with St Kilda in the Victorian Football League (VFL). He was born in Warragul and recruited from Oakleigh in the Victorian Football Association. His older brother, Billy Roberts, also played for St Kilda.

Oakleigh Football Club
The Oakleigh Football Club, nicknamed the Devils, was an Australian rules football club based in the Melbourne suburb of Oakleigh that competed in the Victorian Football Association (VFA) from 1929 until 1994.

Oakleigh wore purple guernseys with a gold monogram, thus giving them their original nickname, the Purple and Golds.
Zaïre. Revue Congolaise—Congoleesch Tijdschrift
Zaïre. Revue Congolaise—Congoleesch Tijdschrift (French and Dutch; in English: "Zaire. Congolese Review") was a Belgian academic journal devoted to African studies. In particular, it focused on the region of the Belgian colonial empire (modern-day D.R. Congo, Rwanda and Burundi).

The journal was published with both French and Dutch language articles. When it started in 1920, it was originally entitled Congo. Revue générale de la colonie Belge—Algemeen tijdschrift van de Belgische Kolonie  (Congo. General Revue of the Belgian Colony). Ceasing publication during the German occupation of Belgium, it was revived in 1947 and the title was changed. It ceased publication in 1960, shortly after the independence of the Belgian Congo.

African studies
African studies is the study of Africa, especially the continent's cultures and societies (as opposed to its geology, geography, zoology, etc.). The field includes the study of Africa's history (pre-colonial, colonial, post-colonial), demography (ethnic groups), culture, politics, economy, languages, and religion (Islam, Christianity, traditional religions). A specialist in African studies is often referred to as an "Africanist".

Africanists argue that there is a need to "deexoticize" Africa and banalise it, rather than understand Africa as exceptionalized and exoticized. African scholars, in recent times, have focused on decolonizing African studies, and reconfiguring it to reflect the African experience through an African lens.
Esther Eillam
Esther Eillam (Hebrew: אסתר עילם‎; July 12, 1939 – July 29, 2023) was a central figure in Israeli feminism from its inception. Eillam's activism and her writings on feminism and social justice have garnered her awards and recognition, including an honorary doctorate from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

Eillam was an originator and founder of The Feminist Movement in Tel Aviv (1971), and one of the founders of the Israeli Center for Assistance to Victims of Sexual Assault, and one of the founders of the Mizrahi feminist organization, Ahoti - for Women in Israel (Ahoti/Achoti = [my] sister). She was active in various fields in Israeli feminism, including politics, culture, and education. She was the organizer of major events in Israel against sexual and gender violence, and was also active in the cause of peace.

Gender-related violence
Gender-related violence or gender-based violence (GBV) refers to any kind of violence directed against people due to their gender or gender identification, culture may have a role to play, being lower in egalitarianism societies and higher, sexist (misogynistic and misandrist) societies.

In ancient text are mentioned many acts of violence against other people, particularly towards women due the fact that were seen as weaker and less defensive members of the societies, and due the lack of a legislation that protect them against harm doers.
Eset Kotibaruli
Eset Kotibaruli (Kazakh: Есет Көтібарұлы, Eset Kötıbarūly) (1803–1889), sometimes Izzat (or Izzet) Kutebar, was the leader of the wars against Khiva and Kokand khanates, the head of an anti-colonial uprising and the leader of the national liberation movement of Kazakhs. He was a Kazakh rebel and guerrilla leader who was active from the 1820s to 1858. He first robbed the Bukhara caravan in 1822, and was at his height as a raider and scourge of the Russian invaders in the 1840s. They eventually persuaded him to suspend his activities and rewarded him with a gold medal, but he rebelled again in the early 1850s. He was captured in 1854, but he either escaped or was released.

Kokand
Kokand (/ˈkoʊkænd/ KOH-kand) is a city in Fergana Region in eastern Uzbekistan, at the southwestern edge of the Fergana Valley. Administratively, Kokand is a district-level city, that includes the urban-type settlement Muqimiy. The population of Kokand as of 2022 was approximately 259,700. The city lies 228 km (142 mi) southeast of Tashkent, 115 km (71 mi) west of Andijan, and 88 km (55 mi) west of Fergana. It is nicknamed "City of Winds".

Kokand is at the crossroads of the two main ancient trade routes into the Fergana Valley, one leading northwest over the mountains to Tashkent, and the other west through Khujand. As a result, Kokand is the main transportation junction in the Fergana Valley.
Banco do Brasil Cultural Center (Rio de Janeiro)
The Banco do Brasil Cultural Center (Portuguese: Centro Cultural Banco do Brasil) in Rio de Janeiro, also known as CCBB Rio de Janeiro or CCBB RJ, is located on Primeiro de Março Street, opposite Largo da Candelária, in the Central Zone of the city, and has a built-up area of 19,243 square meters. It belongs to a complex of cultural spaces managed and maintained by Banco do Brasil.

According to a survey published by The Art Newspaper in April 2014, the CCBB RJ was considered the 21st most visited art museum in the world, attracting a total of 2,034,397 visitors in 2013. According to the same portal, the exhibition Picasso and Spanish Modernity, held at the cultural center, was considered the most visited post-impressionist and modern exhibition in the world in 2015.

Banco do Brasil
Banco do Brasil S.A. (pronounced [ˈbɐ̃ku du bɾaˈziw], lit. 'Bank of Brazil') is a Brazilian financial services company headquartered in Brasília, Brazil. The oldest bank in Brazil, and among the oldest banks in continuous operation in the world, it was founded by John VI, King of Portugal, on Wednesday, 12 October 1808. It is the second largest banking institution in Brazil, as well as the second largest in Latin America. Banco do Brasil is controlled by the Brazilian government and is listed at the B3 stock exchange in São Paulo.

It has been one of the four most profitable Brazilian banks since 2000 (along with Itaú Unibanco, Banco Bradesco and Banco Santander) and holds a strong leadership position in retail banking.
Pichincha Oldfield mouse
The Pichincha Oldfield mouse  (Thomasomys vulcani) is a species of rodent in the family Cricetidae. It is present in the Cordillera Occidental of the Andes of Ecuador, where its habitats include shrubby páramo and montane forest. It is nocturnal and terrestrial. The specific and common names are references to the volcano Pichincha, which dominates the city of Quito and on whose slopes the species was discovered at an elevation of 3500 m. The mouse is threatened by conversion of its limited habitat to agricultural use. It has sometimes been considered to be conspecific with Aepeomys lugens.

Pichincha (volcano)
Pichincha is a stratovolcano in Ecuador. The capital Quito wraps around its eastern slopes.

The two highest peaks of the mountain are Wawa Pichincha (Kichwa wawa child, baby / small, Spanish spelling Guagua Pichincha) (4,784 metres (15,696 ft)) and Ruku Pichincha (Kichwa ruku old person, Spanish Rucu Pichincha) (4,698 metres (15,413 ft)). The active caldera is in Wawa Pichincha on the western side of the mountain.
The Mauds
The Mauds were an influential band in the 1960s, 1970s Chicago jazz rock, blue-eyed soul, blues rock, garage rock scene that included The Buckinghams, Chicago, Shadows of Knight, and The Ides of March. The Mauds was founded in 1964 by Bill Durling, rhythm guitar.  Bill knew Jimy Rogers from 1964 and convinced him to start singing lead for Bill's band.  Jimy and Bill then asked Billy Winter, bass,  Robert “Fuzzy” Fuscaldo, lead guitar and Craig Baumgard, drums to join and the Mauds were born.  These musicians built the Mauds unmistakable Chicago Blue-Eyed Soul Sound c.1965 to 1967. The name Mauds was a play on the 1960s British slang expression "mod", which meant modern.  Bill Durling went off to college in Storm Lake, Iowa and was replaced by Timmy Coniglio on rhythm guitar and brass. Then, Craig Baumgard was replaced by Phil Weinberg on drums, and later, Denny Horan replaced Weinberg, and Bill Winter was replaced by Bill Sunter.

Blue-eyed soul
Blue-eyed soul (also called white soul) is rhythm and blues (R&B) and soul music performed by white artists. The term was coined in the mid-1960s, to describe white artists whose sound was similar to that of the predominantly black Motown and Stax record labels. Though many R&B radio stations in the United States in that period would only play music by black musicians, some began to play music by white acts considered to have "soul feeling"; their music was then described as "blue-eyed soul".
Ngauranga railway station
Ngauranga railway station is a single island platform railway station in the mainly industrial and commercial suburb of Ngauranga on the Wairarapa Line in Wellington, New Zealand. It is on the Wellington suburban rail network and is served by Melling Line trains and some only Hutt Valley Line trains. Wairarapa Connection trains pass this station but do not stop. All trains are run by Transdev as part of the Metlink network.

Ngauranga formerly handled freight traffic, but is now used exclusively by commuter passenger trains. It is next to a waste disposal facility and at the bottom of the Ngauranga Gorge, next to the major road junction where State Highway 2 joins State Highway 1.

Ngauranga Gorge
The Ngauranga Gorge is in the Wellington Region of New Zealand. State Highway 1 runs through the gorge, a vital link between central Wellington City and its northern suburbs and Porirua City and the Kāpiti Coast; it is the main route north out of Wellington. It is 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) long and has a grade of approximately 8 percent. As of 2018, 74,000 vehicles per day travelled through the gorge, and it connects the Wellington Urban Motorway with the Johnsonville–Porirua Motorway.

The name is derived from the former Ngā Uranga pā at the foot of the gorge. Early records spell the name as Ngauranga or Ngahauranga.
Lingpa
Lingpa (Wylie: gling pa) is a Tibetan title, used great tertöns. It is not to be confused with being the person's surname. Notable people with the title include:

Dudjom Lingpa (1835–1904), a meditation master, visionary and terton of the Nyimgma tradition of 'Mantrayana'

Jigme Lingpa (1729–1798), one of the most important tertöns of Tibet

Karma Lingpa (1326–1386), a great tertön, is embraced as a reincarnation of Chokro Luyi Gyaltsen, a great master

Orgyen Chokgyur Lingpa (1829–1870), a terton or treasure revealer and contemporary of Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo and Jamgon Kongtrul

Orgyen Kusum Lingpa (1934–2009), a terton and Nyingma lineage holder within Tibetan Buddhism

Pema Lingpa (1450–1521), a famous saint and siddha of the Nyingma school of Tibetan Buddhism

Pema Lingpa
Pema Lingpa or Padma Lingpa (Tibetan: པདྨ་གླིང་པ་, Wylie: pad+ma gling pa, 1450–1521) was a Bhutanese saint and siddha of the Nyingma school of Tibetan Buddhism. He is considered a terchen or "preeminent tertön" (Wylie: gter chen, discoverer of spiritual treasures) and is considered to be foremost of the "Five Tertön Kings" (Wylie: gter ston rgyal po lnga). In the history of the Nyingma school in Bhutan, Pema Lingpa is second only in importance to Padmasambhava.
The Fighting Hope
The Fighting Hope is a 1915 silent film drama directed by George Melford and starring Thomas Meighan and Laura Hope Crews, both in their film debuts. Jesse Lasky produced and Paramount Pictures released. Based on a 1908 play by William J. Hurlbut that was produced by David Belasco.

Incomplete surviving film at BFI Institute (London).

Jesse L. Lasky
Jesse Louis Lasky (September 13, 1880 – January 13, 1958) was an American pioneer motion picture producer who was a key founder of what was to become Paramount Pictures, and father of screenwriter Jesse L. Lasky Jr.
Esther (surname)
Esther may be a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Achille Esther (born 2002),  Seychellois footballer

Colin Esther (born 1989), a Seychellois footballer

Joy Esther (born 1984) is a French–Spanish actress and singer

Elizabeth Esther,  American Christian author and blogger

Nodjigoto Tokinon Esther,  Chadian football referee

Frédéric Esther (born 1972), a French boxer

Frédéric Esther
Frédéric Esther (born 8 June 1972 in Meulan, France) is a French former boxer, who competed in the middleweight (– 75 kg) division. He represented his native country at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, Australia, where he was stopped in the quarterfinales of the light middleweight division (– 71 kg) by eventual silver medalist Marian Simion of Romania.

Before turning professional in December 2000, Esther won the European title in 1998, and won the bronze medal at the 1999 World Amateur Boxing Championships in Houston, United States.
Gandharvanpattu
Gandharvanpattu is a ritual artform in North Kerala. This ritual is mainly performed by Vannan. There is five theyyams called Rudhirakkali, Varavakkali, Devathe, Mekkkaruvaal, Gandharvan in gandharvanpattu. This ritual is performed for the blessing of bhootam. The ritual is performed in the style of kalam pattu in Kavu. In past times this artform is performed on the houses where pregnant women live to eliminate different kinds of badha(ghost). Pulluvaveena and Pulluvakkudam are also used in Gandharvan Pattu.

In 2017 this artform is performed again in stage.

This art is also known as Kenthran Pattu

Kalampattu
Kalampattu is a traditional performing art from Kerala, India.

It is performed as a vazhipad (offering). Pattu kurup, a traditional community, is in charge of that function. This offering is performed for the blessings of gods like Bhadrakali, Ayyappan, and Vettakkorumakan. The kurup sings and makes a kalam picture, which is drawn on the floor using five colours. The velichappad (Komaram) mostly belongs to the Nambudiri community does the kalapradikshinam (rounding the kalam with different steps and rhythms), nalikerameru (breaking of coconut as offering), and kalammakkal (validictory function – closing the function).
NASA categories of evidence
NASA Categories of Evidence comprise a matrix or scale denoting the sources of evidence provided in the Human Research Program's various evidence reports, and thus potentially their probative value and efficacy. Authors in the Program were urged to label their evidence according to whether it was based on controlled experiments, observation, or expert opinion.

Efficacy
Efficacy is the ability to perform a task to a satisfactory or expected degree. The word comes from the same roots as effectiveness, and it has often been used synonymously, although in pharmacology a distinction is now often made between efficacy and effectiveness.

The word efficacy is used in pharmacology and medicine to refer both to the maximum response achievable from a pharmaceutical drug in research settings, and to the capacity for sufficient therapeutic effect or beneficial change in clinical settings.
Antonia Fraser
Lady Antonia Margaret Caroline Fraser (née Pakenham; born 27 August 1932) is a British author of history, novels, biographies and detective fiction.

She is the widow of the 2005 Nobel Laureate in Literature, Harold Pinter, and prior to his death in 2008 was also known as Lady Antonia Pinter.

Holland Park
Holland Park is an area of Kensington, on the western edge of Central London, that lies within the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea and largely surrounds its namesake park, Holland Park.

Holland Park contains some of the most expensive residential streets in London and the United Kingdom, including Addison Road, Holland Villas Road and Ilchester Place. Past and present residents include Sir David and Victoria Beckham, Sir Elton John, David Cameron, Ed Sheeran, Sir Richard Branson, and Robbie Williams, among others. The small neighbourhood is further home to the embassies of several countries, including Azerbaijan, Ukraine, Greece, Jordan, Russia and Lebanon.

The area is principally composed of tree-lined streets with large Victorian mansions and cultural tourist attractions such as the Design Museum and Leighton House, luxury spas, hotels, and restaurants along Holland Park Avenue and Kensington High Street.
Haplogroup P (Y-DNA)
Haplogroup P also known as P-P295 or K2b2 is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup in human genetics, it forms a clade within Haplogroup K2b (K-P331). Its sister clade within K2b is K2b1 (haplogroup MS).

It was proposed to redefine the root of Haplogroup P through the novel Single-nucleotide polymorphism PF5850, yet this is so far not reflected in the International Society of Genetic Genealogy Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree nor in scientific publications.

Basal PF5850* is found in Southeast Asia. Basal P-P295* is found among South and Southeast Asians as well as Oceanians, P-FT292000 (P1b, formerly P3) with unknown distribution, and P-M45* (P1~*) commonly found among Siberians and Central Asians. P-M45 is the parent node of Haplogroup Q (Q-M242) and Haplogroup R (R-M207).

The major subclades of Haplogroups P-M45, Q and R now include most males among Europeans, Native Americans, South Asians, North Africans, and Central Asians.

Human genetics
Human genetics is the study of inheritance as it occurs in human beings. Human genetics encompasses a variety of overlapping fields including: classical genetics, cytogenetics, molecular genetics, biochemical genetics, genomics, population genetics, developmental genetics, clinical genetics, and genetic counseling.

Genes are the common factor of the qualities of most human-inherited traits. Study of human genetics can answer questions about human nature, can help understand diseases and the development of effective  treatment and help us to understand the genetics of human life. This article describes only basic features of human genetics; for the genetics of disorders please see: medical genetics.  For information on the genetics of DNA repair defects related to accelerated aging and/or increased risk of cancer please see: DNA repair-deficiency disorder.
Alain-Fabien Delon
Alain-Fabien Delon (born 18 March 1994) is a French model, actor and writer.

He is the son of French actor Alain Delon and Dutch former model and television presenter and journalist, Rosalie van Breemen.

Capitaine Marleau
Capitaine Marleau is a French television series created by Elsa Marpeau. It was first broadcast on France 3 on 20 December 2014 and since 2021 on France 2.

Directed by Josée Dayan, the series stars Corinne Masiero as the title character, an eccentric captain of the National Gendarmerie whose mixed personality of dark humour and unconventional approaches often separates her from her colleagues. Four seasons have been broadcast to date, featuring Gerard Depardieu, David Suchet, Pierre Arditi, Sandrine Bonnaire, Nicole Garcia and Muriel Robin in principal starring roles alongside Masiero.

A total of 28 episodes have been broadcast to date. Outside of France, the series is broadcast by La Une in Belgium, RTS Deux in Switzerland and Ici TOU.TV in Canada and is available in the United States on the MHz broadcast network and MHz Choice streaming. The series does not currently hold a British broadcaster.
Ambohimandroso, Ambatondrazaka
Ambohimandroso is a town and commune (Malagasy: kaominina) in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Ambatondrazaka, which is a part of Alaotra-Mangoro Region. The population of the commune is not known.

Alaotra-Mangoro
Alaotra-Mangoro is a region in eastern Madagascar. It borders Sofia Region in north, Analanjirofo in northeast, Atsinanana in east, Vakinankaratra in southwest, Analamanga in west and Betsiboka in northwest. The capital of the region is Ambatondrazaka, and the population was 1,255,514 in 2018. The area of the region is 31,948 km2 (12,335 sq mi).
Thallium(III) oxide
Thallium(III) oxide, also known as thallic oxide, is a chemical compound of thallium and oxygen. It occurs in nature as the rare mineral avicennite. Its structure is related to that of Mn2O3 which has a bixbyite like structure. Tl2O3 is metallic with high conductivity and is a degenerate n-type semiconductor which may have potential use in solar cells. A method of producing Tl2O3 by MOCVD is known. Any practical use of thallium(III) oxide will always have to take account of thallium's poisonous nature. Contact with moisture and acids may form poisonous thallium compounds.

Metalorganic vapour-phase epitaxy
Metalorganic vapour-phase epitaxy (MOVPE), also known as organometallic vapour-phase epitaxy (OMVPE) or metalorganic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD), is a chemical vapour deposition method used to produce single- or polycrystalline thin films. It is a process for growing crystalline layers to create complex semiconductor multilayer structures.  In contrast to molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE), the growth of crystals is by chemical reaction and not physical deposition.  This takes place not in vacuum, but from the gas phase at moderate pressures (10 to 760 Torr). As such, this technique is preferred for the formation of devices incorporating thermodynamically metastable alloys, and it has become a major process in the manufacture of optoelectronics, such as light-emitting diodes, its most widespread application. It was first demonstrated in 1967 at North American Aviation (later Rockwell International) Autonetics Division in Anaheim CA by Harold M. Manasevit.