hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dog Latin
Dog Latin, or cod Latin, is a phrase or jargon that imitates Latin. This is often done by what is referred to as "translating" English words (or those of other languages) into Latin by conjugating or declining them, as if they were Latin words. Dog Latin is usually a humorous device used for mocking scholarly seriousness. The term can also refer to a poor-quality attempt at writing genuine Latin.

Latin conjugation
In linguistics and grammar, conjugation has two basic meanings. One meaning is the creation of derived forms of a verb from basic forms, or principal parts.

The second meaning of the word conjugation is a group of verbs which all have the same pattern of inflections. Thus all those Latin verbs which in the present tense have 1st singular -ō, 2nd singular -ās, and infinitive -āre are said to belong to the 1st conjugation, those with 1st singular -eō, 2nd singular -ēs and infinitive -ēre belong to the 2nd conjugation, and so on. The number of conjugations of regular verbs is usually said to be four.

The word "conjugation" comes from the Latin coniugātiō, a calque of the Greek συζυγία (syzygia), literally "yoking together (horses into a team)".

For examples of verbs and verb groups for each inflectional class, see the Wiktionary appendix pages for first conjugation, second conjugation, third conjugation, and fourth conjugation.
Argent-Double Aqueduct
The Argent-Double Aqueduct (French: Pont-canal de l'Argent-Double; Occitan: Aqüeducte d'Argent-Doble) is one of several aqueducts on the Canal du Midi.  The Argent-Double stream is culverted under the canal at La Redorte.

Aqueduct (bridge)
Aqueducts are bridges constructed to convey watercourses across gaps such as valleys or ravines. The term aqueduct may also be used to refer to the entire watercourse, as well as the bridge. Large navigable aqueducts are used as transport links for boats or ships. Aqueducts must span a crossing at the same level as the watercourses on each end. The word is derived from the Latin aqua ("water") and ducere ("to lead"), therefore meaning "to lead water". A modern version of an aqueduct is a pipeline bridge. They may take the form of tunnels, networks of surface channels and canals, covered clay pipes or monumental bridges.
2020 Suncorp Super Netball season
The 2020 Suncorp Super Netball season was the fourth season of the premier netball league in Australia. The season was originally scheduled to commence on 2 May, though was delayed to 1 August due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The defending premiers, New South Wales Swifts were eliminated in the first week of the finals series by the eventual runners-up West Coast Fever. The premiers were the Melbourne Vixens, who defeated the Fever by two goals in the Grand Final at Nissan Arena in Brisbane.

Super Netball Grand Final Most Valuable Player
The Super Netball Grand Final Most Valuable Player (MVP) is an annual Super Netball award in Australia. It is awarded to the best player of the SSN Grand Final.

Karla Mostert (now Karla Pretorius) won the inaugural award in 2017.
2017 Women's EuroHockey Junior Championship II
The 2017 Women's EuroHockey Junior Championship was the tenth edition of the Women's EuroHockey Junior Championship II, the second level of the women's European under-21 field hockey championships organized by the European Hockey Federation. It was held from 16 to 22 July 2017 in Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.

Russia won their second Women's EuroHockey Junior Championship II title and were promoted to the 2019 Women's EuroHockey Junior Championship together with the runners-up Belarus who Russia defeated 3–0 in the final.

2019 Women's EuroHockey Junior Championship
The 2019 Women's EuroHockey Junior Championship was the 19th edition of the Women's EuroHockey Junior Championship. It was held alongside the men's tournament in Valencia, Spain between 13 and 21 July 2019.

This tournament served as the European qualifier for the 2021 Junior World Cup, with the top six teams qualifying.
Wetlands of Louisiana
The wetlands of Louisiana are water-saturated coastal and swamp regions of southern Louisiana, often called bayous.

The Louisiana coastal zone stretches from the border of Texas to the Mississippi line and comprises two wetland-dominated ecosystems, the Deltaic Plain of the Mississippi River (unit 1, 2, and 3) and the closely linked Chenier Plain (unit 4). The Deltaic Plain contains numerous barrier islands and headlands, such as the Chandeleur Islands, Barataria Basin Barrier Islands, and Terrebonne Basin Barrier Islands. The Coastal Wetlands Planning, Protection and Restoration Act (CWPPRA) program, through the NOAA Habitat Conservation National Marine Fisheries Service funded $102 million in construction for deteriorated wetlands and barrier island habitats.

Chenier
A chenier or chénier is a sandy or shelly beach ridge that is part of a strand plain, called a “chenier plain,” consisting of cheniers separated by intervening mud-flat deposits with marsh and swamp vegetation. Cheniers are typically one to six meters high, tens of kilometers long, hundreds of meters wide, and often wooded. Chenier plains can be tens of kilometers wide. Cheniers and associated chenier plains are associated with shorelines characterized by generally low wave energy, low gradient, muddy shorelines, and abundant sediment supply. The name is derived from the Louisiana French word for these formations, “chênière", meaning oak-grove, referring to the forests of live oaks Quercus virginiana that occupy the chenier ridges within southwest Louisiana.
Blake construction
Blake construction is a method of making shoes invented  in 1856 by Lyman Reed Blake.

It is especially popular in Italy.  In a Blake construction,  the outer sole is directly stitched  to the insole with a chain stitch. This allows more flexibility and  lighter weight compared to the sturdier Goodyear construction, which is more common among British shoemakers such Crockett & Jones and Sanders.

Made in Italy
Made in Italy is a merchandise mark indicating that a product is all planned, manufactured and packed in Italy, especially concerning the design, fashion, food, manufacturing, craftsmanship, and engineering industries.
1958 Venezuelan coup d'état
The 1958 Venezuelan coup d'état took place on 23 January 1958, when the dictator Marcos Pérez Jiménez was overthrown.

A transition government under first Adm. Wolfgang Larrazábal and then Edgar Sanabria was put in place until December 1958 elections saw Democratic Action candidate Rómulo Betancourt elected and take office on 13 February 1959.

One of Caracas' neighbourhoods, Barrio 23 de Enero (23 January neighbourhood), is named for the event.

Edgar Sanabria
Edgar Sanabria Arcia (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈeðɣaɾ saˈnaβɾja]; 3 October 1911 – 24 April 1989) was a Venezuelan lawyer, diplomat, and politician. He served as the acting president of Venezuela from 1958 to 1959.
1973 French Open – Mixed doubles
Kim Warwick and Evonne Goolagong were the reigning champions but both players chose not to participate.

Jean-Claude Barclay and Françoise Dürr won in the final 6–1, 6–4 against Patrice Dominguez and Betty Stöve.

Jean-Claude Barclay
Jean-Claude Barclay (born 30 December 1942) is a former French international tennis player. He competed in the Davis Cup a number of times, from 1962 to 1963.

He won the mixed doubles title at the French Open in 1968, 1971 and 1973 together with his partner Françoise Dürr.
Patrick Warren
Patrick Warren (born March 26, 1957) is an American musician, composer, and record producer. He is known for his work on the films Magnolia, Fifty Shades of Grey, Boogie Nights and Red State, as well as the television series True Detective for which he composed and performed his original music and was awarded an Emmy. He composed the theme song and the original score to the Showtime original series The Chi. As a recording artist, he has worked with Michael Penn, Fiona Apple, the Wallflowers, Eagle-Eye Cherry, Stevie Nicks, and Liz Phair. As a touring musician, he has toured with Bob Dylan, Bruce Springsteen, and Lana Del Rey. He is globally known as an expert Chamberlin artist.

Red State (2011 film)
Red State is a 2011 American horror thriller film written, edited, and directed by Kevin Smith. The film stars Michael Angarano, Kerry Bishé, Nicholas Braun, Kyle Gallner, John Goodman, Melissa Leo, Michael Parks, Kevin Pollak, and Stephen Root. The story follows three teenage boys who are lured by an online ad for group sex to a fundamentalist Christian compound led by an extremist pastor, who traps and plans to execute them.

Red State had its premiere at the 2011 Sundance Film Festival on January 23, 2011, and was released in the United States on video on demand on September 1 and in select theaters for a one-night-only engagement on September 23 by Lionsgate. The film received generally positive reviews from critics.
Central Syria campaign
The Central Syria campaign, known as "Operation Khuzam", or "Lavender", was a large-scale military operation of the Syrian Arab Army (SAA) against the Islamic State (IS) during the Syrian Civil War. Its goal was to capture the strategic oil town of Al-Sukhnah, and besiege and capture 11,000 square kilometers of ISIL territory in central Syria, after which the Syrian Army would advance towards Deir ez-Zor, and lift the three-year ISIL siege of the government's enclave in the city. Afterwards, the Syrian Arab Army advanced towards the Islamic State's then-capital of Mayadin.

The campaign was concurrent with the Raqqa campaign conducted by the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) against the Islamic State's former capital city and stronghold in Syria, Raqqa. In addition, the SDF launched their own offensive in mid-September south along the Euphrates River, after Syrian government forces reached Deir ez-Zor city.

National Defence Forces
The National Defense Forces (NDF; Arabic: قوات الدفاع الوطني Quwāt ad-Difāʿ al-Watanī) was a Syrian paramilitary volunteer militia, that was formed on 1 November 2012 and organized by Ba'athist Syria during the Syrian civil war as a part-time volunteer reserve component of the Syrian Arab Armed Forces.

The NDF was made up of units across various Syrian provinces, each consisting of local volunteers willing to fight against rebels for various reasons.
Wolfach
Wolfach (German pronunciation: [ˈvɔlfax] ⓘ; Low Alemannic: Wolfä) is a town in the Black Forest and part of the Ortenaukreis in Baden-Württemberg (Germany) and borders the Freudenstadt and Rottweil districts.

Rottweil (district)
Rottweil is a Landkreis (district) in the middle of Baden-Württemberg, Germany. It is part of the Schwarzwald-Baar-Heuberg region in the Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald regional district. Neighboring districts are (from north clockwise) Freudenstadt, Zollernalbkreis, Tuttlingen, Schwarzwald-Baar and Ortenaukreis.
WNKR
WNKR (106.7 FM) is a commercial radio station licensed to Williamstown, Kentucky, and serving the Cincinnati metropolitan area.  It airs an oldies format and has been owned since its inception by Grant County Broadcasters, Inc., an independent and local company.

WNKR has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 1,800 watts. The transmitter is off U.S. Route 25 in Dry Ridge, Kentucky. Programming is simulcast with WOXY 97.7 FM, licensed to Mason, Ohio.

Cincinnati metropolitan area
The Cincinnati metropolitan area (also known as the Cincinnati Tri-State area or Greater Cincinnati) is a metropolitan area with its core in Ohio and Kentucky. Its largest city is Cincinnati and includes surrounding counties in the U.S. states of Ohio, Kentucky, and Indiana.

The United States Census Bureau's formal name for the area is the Cincinnati, OH–KY–IN Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of the 2020 U.S. census, the metro area had a population of 2,256,884, making Greater Cincinnati the 30th-most populous metropolitan area in the United States, and the largest metro area in Ohio, followed by Columbus and Cleveland. The Cincinnati–Wilmington, OH–KY–IN Combined Statistical Area, adds Clinton County, Ohio (defined as the Wilmington, OH micropolitan area) and, until 2023, Mason County, Kentucky (defined as the Maysville, KY micropolitan area), was part of the CSA. The Cincinnati metropolitan area is considered part of the Great Lakes megalopolis.
Garmouth railway station
Garmouth railway station was a railway station in Garmouth, parish of Urquhart, Moray. The railway station was opened by the Great North of Scotland Railway (GNoSR) on its Moray Firth coast line in 1884, served by Aberdeen to Elgin trains. It served the villages of Kingston-on-Spey and Garmouth and closed to regular passenger traffic on 6 May 1968 on the same date as the line itself.

In 1923 the GNoSR became part of the London and North Eastern Railway and at nationalisation in 1948 became part of British Railways. The line was recommended for closure by Dr Beeching's report "The Reshaping of British Railways" and closed on 6 May 1968.

Moray
Moray (/ˈmʌri/ listenⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Moireibh or Moireabh) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland. It lies in the north-east of the country, with a coastline on the Moray Firth, and borders the council areas of Aberdeenshire and Highland. Its council is based in Elgin, the area's largest town. The main towns are generally in the north of the area on the coastal plain. The south of the area is more sparsely populated and mountainous, including part of the Cairngorms National Park.

The council area is named after the historic county of Moray (called Elginshire prior to 1919), which was in turn named after the medieval Province of Moray, each of which covered different areas to the modern council area. The modern area of Moray was created in 1975 as a lower-tier district within the Grampian Region. The Moray district became a single-tier council area in 1996.
Zevulun Regional Council
Zevulun Regional Council (Hebrew: מועצה אזורית זבולון, Mo'atza Azorit Zvulun) is a regional council in the Haifa District of Israel. Founded in 1950, it had a population of 10,900 in 2006.

The council borders Mateh Asher Regional Council to the north, Jezreel Valley Regional Council and Shefa-'Amr to the east, Carmel Nature Reserve national park and Kiryat Tiv'on to the south and HaKerayot to the west.

Mount Carmel
Mount Carmel (Hebrew: הַר הַכַּרְמֶל, romanized: Har haKarmel; Arabic: جبل الكرمل, romanized: Jabal al-Karmil), also known in Arabic as Mount Mar Elias (Arabic: جبل مار إلياس, romanized: Jabal Mār Ilyās, lit. 'Mount Saint Elias/Elijah'; Hebrew: הַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ אֵלִיָּהוּ, romanized: Har haQadosh Eliyahu), is a coastal mountain range in northern Israel stretching from the Mediterranean Sea towards the southeast. The range is a UNESCO biosphere reserve. A number of towns are situated there, most notably Haifa, Israel's third largest city, located on the northern and western slopes.
Mycorrhaphium
Mycorrhaphium is a genus of fungi in the family Steccherinaceae. The genus was circumscribed by Dutch mycologist Rudolph Arnold Maas Geesteranus in 1962. The type species is Mycorrhaphium adustum (formerly referred to Hydnum). Fruit bodies of species in the genus have caps, stipes, and a hydnoid (tooth-like) hymenophore. There is a dimitic hyphal system, where the skeletal hyphae are found only in the tissue of the "teeth", and a lack of cystidia. The spores are smooth, hyaline (translucent), and inamyloid.

Walter Jülich created the family Mycorrhaphiaceae to contain the type genus Mycorrhaphium. This family is now placed in synonymy with Steccherinaceae.

Pileus (mycology)
In mycology, the pileus (pl.: pilei) is the cap or cap-like part of a basidiocarp or ascocarp (fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium. The hymenium (hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes.

The word pileus comes from the Latin for a type of felt cap.
Vandermonde's identity
In combinatorics, Vandermonde's identity (or Vandermonde's convolution) is the following identity for binomial coefficients:

for any nonnegative integers r, m, n.  The identity is named after Alexandre-Théophile Vandermonde (1772), although it was already known in 1303 by the Chinese mathematician Zhu Shijie.

There is a q-analog to this theorem called the q-Vandermonde identity.

Vandermonde's identity can be generalized in numerous ways, including to the identity

Zhu Shijie
Zhu Shijie (simplified Chinese: 朱世杰; traditional Chinese: 朱世傑; pinyin: Zhū Shìjié; Wade–Giles: Chu Shih-chieh, 1249–1314), courtesy name Hanqing (漢卿), pseudonym Songting (松庭), was a Chinese mathematician and writer during the Yuan Dynasty. Zhu was born close to today's Beijing. Two of his mathematical works have survived: Introduction to Computational Studies (算學啓蒙 Suan-hsüeh Ch'i-mong) and Jade Mirror of the Four Unknowns (四元玉鑒 Ssŭ-yüan Yü-chien).
Santos Casani
Santos Casani (born Joseph Zisling; 14 April 1893 – 11 September 1983), also known as Joseph Goldman, Joseph Golman, or John Golman, was a Russian-born British ballroom dancer, dance instructor, impresario, club owner and military officer. He was a prominent figure in London's ballroom dance scene during the 1920s and 1930s and is known for his role in the development and popularization of modern ballroom styles in Britain.

In 2025, interest in Casani's life was reignited after it was discovered that he had been the subject of the photograph that had been modified for the final scene of Stanley Kubrick's 1980 film, The Shining.

Krugersdorp
Krugersdorp (Afrikaans for 'Kruger's Town') is a mining city in the West Rand, Gauteng Province, South Africa founded in 1887 by Marthinus Pretorius and Abner Cohen. Following the discovery of gold on the Witwatersrand, a need arose for a major town in the west of the reef. The government bought part of the Paardekraal farm and named the new town after the Transvaal president, Paul Kruger. Krugersdorp no longer has a separate municipal government after it was integrated into Mogale City Local Municipality along with surrounding towns. It is now the seat of government for Mogale City.
Manoj Kumar (Bihar politician)
Manoj Kumar (also known as Manoj Sharma) is an Indian politician belonging to the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP). He is currently a Member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly from the Arwal Assembly constituency. He also serves as the Spokesperson and Media In-charge of the Bharatiya Janta Party - Bihar Unit.

Bharatiya Janata Party – Bihar
Bharatiya Janata Party – Bihar (BJP Bihar) is a state unit of the Bharatiya Janata Party in Bihar. Sanjay Saraogi the current president of the BJP Bihar. Ramdeo Mahto was founding leader of BJP in Bihar.
2014 Teen Choice Awards
The 2014 Teen Choice Awards ceremony was held on August 10, 2014 at the Shrine Auditorium in Los Angeles, California. The event was originally scheduled to take place at the UCLA Pauley Pavilion, which was flooded by a broken water pipe on July 29, 2014 near the campus. It was broadcast on Fox at 8:00–10:00 pm ET live/PT tape-delayed. The awards celebrate the year's achievements in music, film, television, sports, fashion, comedy, and the Internet, and were voted on by viewers aged 13 through 19.
Selena Gomez was awarded the Ultimate Choice Award during the show.

One Direction were the biggest winners of the night, winning all ten awards they were nominated for (including an award given out to Harry Styles and one dedicated to their fans). The Fault in Our Stars won all seven of its nominations as well, including four awards for Ansel Elgort.

Teen Choice Awards
The Teen Choice Awards were an annual awards show that aired on the Fox television network between 1999 and 2019. The awards, based on a popularity vote that could be overridden by the producers – who reserved the right to choose the winners – covered over 250 different categories during its run, stated as honoring the year's biggest achievements in music, film, sports, television, fashion, social media, and more. Votes were submitted by viewers living in the United States, aged 13 and over, through various social media sites.

The awards show has been on an indefinite hiatus since the 2019 edition.
Come On Over (Kym Marsh song)
"Come on Over" is a song written by Deborah Andrews, Martin Harrington, and Ash Howes for former Hear'Say member Kym Marsh's debut album, Standing Tall (2003). It was released as the second solo single on 7 July 2003 in the United Kingdom and peaked number 10 on the UK Singles Chart.

Biffco
Biffco is a music production and songwriting team from Brighton, England, formed by Richard "Biff" Stannard, Julian Gallagher and Ash Howes. The group have worked with a number of high-profile artists, including Kylie Minogue, One Direction, Atomic Kitten, Ellie Goulding, Leona Lewis, Little Mix, Sophie Ellis-Bextor and Will Young. They are also largely responsible for the rise of the Spice Girls, Five, and East 17. So far, Biffco have had 41 hit singles, including nine number-ones. Stannard and Howes also worked as music directors and show song producers on The X Factor since 2010.
Grattan, Minnesota
Grattan is an unincorporated community in Grattan Township, Itasca County, Minnesota, United States.

The community is located northwest of Wirt; near the junction of Itasca County Roads 26 and 31.  The boundary line between Itasca and Koochiching counties is nearby.

Nearby places include Northome, Dora Lake, and Wirt.  Grattan is located 12 miles east-southeast of Northome; and 11 miles northwest of Wirt.  Grattan is 49 miles northwest of Deer River.

Grattan is located within ZIP code 56661 based in Northome.   A post office previously operated in the community of Grattan, first as Pinetop (1901–1920), and then as Grattan (1920–1935), until its closing in 1935.

Moose Brook and Windigo Creek are both nearby.  Grattan is located within the Big Fork State Forest and the Chippewa National Forest.

Big Fork State Forest
The Big Fork State Forest is a state forest located in Koochiching and Itasca counties, Minnesota. It is primarily managed by the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources. The landscape has many moraines, lakes, and wetlands. The "Lost 40" and the largest red pine in the state of Minnesota are located within the forest.

Outdoor recreation activities include hiking, mountain biking, and cross-country skiing on provided trails, as well as backcountry camping, swimming, fishing. 
There is boat, canoe, and kayak access to the Big Fork River which runs through a portion of the forest, with Class I, III, IV, and V rapids located downstream.
Toolchain
A toolchain is a set of software development tools used to build and otherwise develop software. Often, the tools are executed sequentially and form a pipeline such that the output of one tool is the input for the next. Sometimes the term is used for a set of related tools that are not necessarily executed sequentially.

A relatively common and simple toolchain consists of the tools to build for a particular operating system (OS) and CPU architecture: a compiler, a linker, and a debugger. With a cross-compiler, a toolchain can support cross-platform development.

For building more complex software systems, many other tools may be in the toolchain. For example, for a video game, the toolchain may include tools for preparing sound effects, music, textures, 3-dimensional models and animations, and for combining these resources into the finished product.

3D modeling
In 3D computer graphics, 3D modeling is the process of developing a mathematical coordinate-based representation of a surface of an object (inanimate or living) in three dimensions via specialized software by manipulating edges, vertices, and polygons in a simulated 3D space.

Three-dimensional (3D) models represent a physical body using a collection of points in 3D space, connected by various geometric entities such as triangles, lines, curved surfaces, etc. Being a collection of data (points and other information), 3D models can be created manually, algorithmically (procedural modeling), or by scanning. Their surfaces may be further defined with texture mapping.