hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pakhapani, Rolpa
Pakhapani is a village development committee in Rolpa District in the Rapti Zone of north-eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 4581 people living in 695 individual households.

Rapti Zone
Rapti Zone (Nepali: राप्ती अञ्चल Listenⓘ) was one of the fourteen zones, located in the Mid-Western Development Region of Nepal.  It was named after the West Rapti River which drains Rolpa, Pyuthan and part of Dang districts. The remainder of Dang and part of Salyan district are drained by the Babai.  The remainder of Salyan and all of Rukum districts are drained by the Bheri.

The headquarters of Rapti were Tulsipur and the largest city was Tribhuvannagar (Ghorahi). Other main cities and towns of Rapti zone were Pyuthan Khalanga, Bijuwar, Liwang, Lamahi, Musikot, Rukumkot (Shova), and Chaurjahari.
Mortimer J. Adler
Mortimer Jerome Adler (/ˈædlər/; December 28, 1902 – June 28, 2001) was an American philosopher, educator, encyclopedist, author, and lay theologian. His philosophical work was situated within the Aristotelian and Thomistic traditions. Adler taught at Columbia University and the University of Chicago, served as chairman of the board of editors of Encyclopædia Britannica, and founded the Institute for Philosophical Research.

He resided for extended periods in New York City, Chicago, San Francisco, and San Mateo, California.

San Mateo, California
San Mateo is the most populous city in San Mateo County, California, United States, on the San Francisco Peninsula. It is part of the San Francisco Bay Area metropolitan region, and is located about 20 miles (32 km) south of San Francisco. San Mateo borders Burlingame to the north, Hillsborough to the west, San Francisco Bay and Foster City to the east and Belmont to the south. The population was 105,661 at the 2020 census.  Some of the biggest economic drivers for the city include technology, health care and education.
Tilwick Meadow
Tilwick Meadow is a 2.6-hectare (6.4-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest between Thurleigh and Wilden in Bedfordshire. It was notified in 1988 under Section 28 of the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981, and the local planning authority is Bedford Borough Council.

The meadow is on the site of a medieval village abandoned during the Black Death. It is unimproved grassland on chalk boulder clay, and it has very rich flora on a habitat now rare nationally. Grass species include red fescue and sweet vernal-grass, and there some species associated with woodland indicate that part of the area was wooded in the past. There are also ponds and ditches.

There is access by a footpath from Wood End.

Festuca rubra
Festuca rubra is a species of grass known by the common name red fescue, creeping red fescue or the rush-leaf fescue. It is widespread across much of the Northern Hemisphere and can tolerate many habitats and climates. It is best adapted to well-drained soils in cool, temperate climates; it prefers shadier areas and is often planted for its shade tolerance. Wild animals browse it, but it has not been important for domestic forage due to low productivity and palatability. It is also an ornamental plant for gardens.
Mehtap Doğan-Sızmaz
Mehtap Doğan-Sızmaz, née Sızmaz, (born November 16, 1978) is a Turkish long-distance runner, who specialized in the marathon.

She won the gold medal in the women's marathon at the 2001 Mediterranean Games held in Tunis, Tunisia. She set a women's course record on the way to victory at the 2009 Madrid Marathon. She made a strong start at the 2010 Düsseldorf Marathon in April, but ended up dropping out after leading the race early on.

Doğan-Sızmaz is currently serving an eight-year competition ban to run from 2017 to 2015 following violations against anti-doping regulations (administration and trafficking).

2001 Mediterranean Games
The XIV Mediterranean Games (Arabic: ألعاب البحر الأبيض المتوسط 2001), commonly known as the 2001 Mediterranean Games, were the 14th Mediterranean Games held in Tunis, Tunisia, from 2–15 September 2001, where 2,991 athletes (1,972 men and 1,019 women) from 23 countries participated. There were a total of 230 medal events from 23 different sports.

France won the most gold medals in the competition (40) while Italy had the greatest medal haul overall with 136 in total. Turkey, Spain and Greece rounded out the top five, shortly followed by the host country in sixth place.
Two disability events were incorporated into the athletics programme – there was a 1500 m wheelchair race for men and an 800 m for women.

The Tunisian organisers of the Games decided not to hold the closing ceremony because of the September 11 attacks.
Hattimatim tim (rhyme)
Hattimatim tim (Bengali: হাট্টিমাটিম টিম)  is a Bengali folk nursery rhyme. The poem describes the titular hattimatim tim, a peculiar group of animals that lay eggs in fields, and have two horns on their heads.

Nursery rhyme
A nursery rhyme is a traditional poem or song for children in Britain and other European countries, but usage of the term dates only from the late 18th/early 19th century. The term Mother Goose rhymes is interchangeable with nursery rhymes.

From the mid-16th century nursery rhymes began to be recorded in English plays, and most popular rhymes date from the 17th and 18th centuries. The first English collections, Tommy Thumb's Song Book and a sequel, Tommy Thumb's Pretty Song Book, were published by Mary Cooper in 1744. Publisher John Newbery's stepson, Thomas Carnan, was the first to use the term Mother Goose for nursery rhymes when he published a compilation of English rhymes, Mother Goose's Melody, or Sonnets for the Cradle (London, 1780).
Jean-Marie Tassoua
Jean-Marie Tassoua is a Congolese politician.  Tassoua was a militia commander during the 1997 civil war and served in the government of Congo-Brazzaville as Minister of Energy and Hydraulics from 1997 to 2002. He has been the President of the Economic and Social Council, a state institution, since 2009 and he was Co-President of the New Democratic Forces (FDN), a political party, from 2007 to 2010.

Republic of the Congo Civil War (1997–1999)
The Second Republic of the Congo Civil War, also known as the Second Brazzaville-Congolese Civil War, was the second of two ethnopolitical civil conflicts in the Republic of the Congo which lasted from 5 June 1997 to 29 December 1999. The war served as the continuation of the civil war of 1993–1994 and involved militias representing three political candidates. The conflict ended following the intervention of the Angolan military, which reinstated former president Denis Sassou Nguesso to power.
Friends and Lovers (Gloria Loring and Carl Anderson song)
"Friends and Lovers" is a song written by Jay Gruska and Paul Gordon. The song was first recorded as a duet by Gloria Loring and Carl Anderson in 1985 for the soap opera Days of Our Lives, produced by Doug Lenier. That recording remained unreleased until the summer of 1986, when it was released shortly after a version by Juice Newton and Eddie Rabbitt hit country radio. The country version featured the altered title of "Both to Each Other (Friends and Lovers)".

Duet
A duet (Italian: duo or duetto) is a musical composition for two performers in which the performers have equal importance to the piece, often a composition involving two singers or two pianists. It differs from a harmony, as the performers take turns performing a solo section rather than performing simultaneously. A piece performed by two pianists performing together on the same piano is a "piano duet" or "piano four hands". A piece for two pianists performing together on separate pianos is a "piano duo".

"Duet" is also used as a verb for the act of performing a musical duet, or colloquially as a noun to refer to the performers of a duet.

A musical ensemble with more than two solo instruments or voices is called a trio, quartet, quintet, sextet, septet, octet, etc.
Snow White 2
"Snow White 2" is a special episode of the British comedy television series The Goodies.

This episode is also known as "Pantomime" and "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs".

This episode was made by LWT for ITV.

Written by Graeme Garden and Bill Oddie, with songs and music by Bill Oddie and Dave McRae.

The Goodies (TV series)
The Goodies is a British television comedy series shown in the 1970s and early 1980s. The series, which combines surreal sketches and situation comedy, was broadcast by the BBC, initially on BBC2 but soon repeated on BBC1, from 1970 to 1980. One seven-episode series was made for ITV company LWT and shown in 1981–82.

The show was co-written by and starred Tim Brooke-Taylor, Graeme Garden and Bill Oddie (together known as "The Goodies"). Bill Oddie also wrote the music and songs for the series, while "The Goodies Theme" was co-written by Oddie and Michael Gibbs. Directors/producers of the series were John Howard Davies, Jim Franklin and Bob Spiers.

An early title which was considered for the series was Narrow Your Mind (following on from Broaden Your Mind) and prior to that the working title was Super Chaps Three.
Léo Duguay
Léo Duguay (born 13 March 1944) is a Canadian politician, educator and school administrator prior to getting elected. Duguay served as a Progressive Conservative party member of the House of Commons of Canada.

Duguay was born in Saint Boniface, Manitoba. Duguay was elected at the riding of Saint Boniface in the 1984 federal election and served in the 33rd Canadian Parliament. He left federal politics after the 1988 federal election after being defeated by Ron Duhamel of the Liberal party.

St. Boniface—St. Vital
St. Boniface—St. Vital (French: Saint-Boniface–Saint-Vital; formerly Saint Boniface–Saint Vital) is a federal electoral district in Winnipeg, Manitoba that has been represented in the House of Commons of Canada since 1925.

The district covers roughly the southern portion of the city of Winnipeg, east of the Red River. In particular, it contains the Franco-Manitoban community of Saint Boniface and roughly the northern two-thirds of the community of St. Vital. The riding (as federal electoral districts are called in Canada) has a sizeable French population (16% according to the last census) and was a Liberal Party stronghold for most of its history. It is the only riding in Western Canada that regularly elects francophone candidates to parliament.

Following the 2022 Canadian federal electoral redistribution, this riding was renamed St. Boniface—St. Vital in English for the 2025 Canadian federal election. It gained the neighbourhood of Minnetonka from Winnipeg South.
Ipswich State Bank
The Ipswich State Bank, located at 1st Ave. and Main St. in Ipswich, South Dakota, was built in 1905.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

It is a two-story native stone building with quoins, with elements of Classical Revival style.

It was deemed "the best example of a neo-classic revival commercial building in Ipswich, South Dakota. It also has been the center of many of the most important financial transactions of the area, and as the home of Marcus P. Beebe's land offices, it was significant in the development of the area."

Quoin
Quoins (/kɔɪn/ or /kwɔɪn/) are masonry blocks at the corner of a wall. Some are structural, providing strength for a wall made with inferior stone or rubble, while others merely add aesthetic detail to a corner. According to one 19th-century encyclopedia, these imply strength, permanence, and expense, all reinforcing the onlooker's sense of a structure's presence.

Stone quoins are used on stone or brick buildings. Brick quoins may appear on brick buildings, extending from the facing brickwork in such a way as to give the appearance of generally uniformly cut ashlar blocks of stone larger than the bricks. Where quoins are decorative and non-load-bearing a wider variety of materials is used, including timber, stucco, or other cement render.
Apparent horizon
In general relativity, an apparent horizon is a surface that is the boundary between light rays that are directed outwards and moving outwards and those directed outward but moving inward.

Apparent horizons are not invariant properties of spacetime, and in particular, they are distinct from event horizons. Within an apparent horizon, light does not move outward; this is in contrast with the event horizon. In a dynamical spacetime, there can be outgoing light rays exterior to an apparent horizon (but still interior to the event horizon). An apparent horizon is a local notion of the boundary of a black hole, whereas an event horizon is a global notion.

The notion of a horizon in general relativity is subtle and depends on fine distinctions.

Ray (optics)
In optics, a ray is an idealized geometrical model of light or other electromagnetic radiation, obtained by choosing a curve that is perpendicular to the wavefronts of the actual light, and that points in the direction of energy flow.  Rays are used to model the propagation of light through an optical system, by dividing the real light field up into discrete rays that can be computationally propagated through the system by the techniques of ray tracing. This allows even very complex optical systems to be analyzed mathematically or simulated by computer.  Ray tracing uses approximate solutions to Maxwell's equations that are valid as long as the light waves propagate through and around objects whose dimensions are much greater than the light's wavelength.  Ray optics or geometrical optics does not describe phenomena such as diffraction, which require wave optics theory. Some wave phenomena such as interference can be modeled in limited circumstances by adding phase to the ray model.
George Basden
Christianity portal

George Thomas Basden OBE FRGS (31 October 1873 – 30 December 1944) was  Archdeacon of the Niger from 1926 until 1936.

He was educated at the CMS College, Islington and Durham University. He was ordained in 1901 and was at Onitsha from 1902 until 1908. He was the Principal at Awka from 1908 until 1926 before his appointment as Archdeacon; and Rector of Jevington afterwards.

Church Mission Society
The Church Mission Society (CMS), formerly known as the Church Missionary Society, is a British Anglican mission society working internationally with Christians. CMS was founded in 1799, and has given its name "CMS" to a number of daughter organisations around the world, including Australia and New Zealand, which have now become independent.
Kępiny, West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Kępiny [kɛmˈpinɨ] (German: Neumühlenkamp) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Polanów, within Koszalin County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 10 km (6 mi) south of Polanów, 40 km (25 mi) south-east of Koszalin, and 156 km (97 mi) north-east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Koszalin County
Koszalin County (Polish: powiat koszaliński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland, on the Baltic coast. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat is the city of Koszalin, although the city is not part of the county (it constitutes a separate city county). The county contains three towns: Sianów, 10 km (6 mi) north-east of Koszalin, Bobolice, 37 km (23 mi) south-east of Koszalin, and Polanów, 35 km (22 mi) east of Koszalin.

The county covers an area of 1,669.09 square kilometres (644.4 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 64,087, out of which the population of Sianów is 6,543, that of Bobolice is 4,446, that of Polanów is 2,967, and the rural population is 50,131.
Neil Martin (cricketer, born 1979)
Neil Donald Martin (born 19 August 1979) is a former English cricketer.  Martin was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium.  He was born at Enfield, Middlesex.  He was educated in St Albans, Hertfordshire, attending Wheatfields Primary and Verulam School.

Martin made his debut for Middlesex in a List A match against Gloucestershire in the 1997 AXA Life League.  In that same season he made a single Youth Test match appearance for England Under-19s against Zimbabwe Under-19s.  The following season, he made two first-class appearances for Middlesex against Oxford University and Northamptonshire, he wasn't required to bat in either match and took just a single wicket.  He made a second and final List A appearance in that same season, against Essex in the AXA League. taking a total of 3 wickets in this two matches in that format, which came at an average of 19.00, with best figures of 2/28.  He wasn't required to bat in either of his List A appearances.

Zimbabwe national under-19 cricket team
The Zimbabwe national under-19 cricket team represents Zimbabwe in under-19 international cricket. The team is controlled by Zimbabwe Cricket (ZC).

Zimbabwe has automatically qualified for the Under-19 Cricket World Cup on every occasion since 1998, by virtue of being a full member of the International Cricket Council (ICC).

The coach of the team for the 2024 Under-19 Cricket World Cup was Prosper Utseya, and the team captain was Matthew Schonken.
Newport Retail Park
Newport Retail and Leisure Park is an out-of-town shopping centre in the city of Newport. The centre opened in 1 January 1996, South East Wales. It is located in the Lliswerry area of the city and is accessed via the Southern Distributor Road (which connects to junction 24 of the M4 motorway).

Lliswerry
Lliswerry (Welsh: Llyswyry), or Liswerry, is an electoral district (ward) and community of the city of Newport, South Wales. The area is governed by Newport City Council. It is the largest community/ward in the city.
No Idols
No Idols is the collaborative mixtape by rapper Domo Genesis and record producer the Alchemist. It was released on August 1, 2012, by Odd Future Records and ALC Records. The mixtape was entirely produced by Alchemist and features guest appearances from Earl Sweatshirt, Vince Staples, Action Bronson, Smoke DZA, Freddie Gibbs, Prodigy, SpaceGhostPurrp and Tyler, the Creator.

Prodigy (rapper)
Albert Johnson (November 2, 1974 – June 20, 2017), known professionally as Prodigy, was an American rapper and record producer. He was best known for being one half of the rap duo Mobb Deep along with Havoc, yet Prodigy still had a solo career, regularly collaborating with producer The Alchemist. Prodigy released eight albums during his career in Mobb Deep, as well as six solo studio albums and one posthumous album.
Pymble Substation
The Pymble Substation is a heritage-listed electrical substation at 982–984 Pacific Highway, in the Sydney suburb of Pymble, in the Ku-ring-gai Council local government area of New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1926 to 1928. It is also known as #195 Pymble 33KV Zone/Depot. The property is owned by Ausgrid, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

Pacific Highway (Australia)
The Pacific Highway is a national highway and major transport route of 790 kilometres (490 mi) along the east coast of Australia from Sydney to Brisbane. It is an integral part of Highway 1 which circumnavigates the Australian continent.  At its inception, the highway was a single carriageway between Sydney and Brisbane. In Australian culture and as a tourist drive, it remains so. Over time, segments of the highway have been upgraded, realigned, or renamed. Between 1996 and 2020, sections of the highway were upgraded to controlled-access highway (motorway) standards.
Le Statut des Moines
Le Statut des Moines is a short French translation of Muslim jurist Ibn Taymiyyah's Mardin fatwa by Yahyah Michot, published in 1997, under the pseudonym of Nasreddin Lebatelier. The translation is considered a misprint and a misinterpretation of the original.

In 1996, the Algerian Groupe Islamique Armé (Armed Islamic Group or GIA) published an announcement that it considered lawful to murder seven Trappist monks in Tibhirine, under the fatwa.

Murder of the monks of Tibhirine
On the night of 26–27 March 1996, seven monks of the Trappist order from the Our Lady of the Atlas Abbey of Tibhirine near Médéa, Algeria, were kidnapped during the Algerian Civil War. They were held for two months, and found dead in late May 1996. The circumstances of their kidnapping and death remain controversial; the Armed Islamic Group (Groupe Islamique Armé, GIA) claimed responsibility for both, but in 2009, retired General François Buchwalter reported that the monks were killed by the Algerian army.
Christopher Payne (cricketer)
Christopher John Payne (born 30 December 1947) is a former English cricketer.  Payne was a right-handed batsman who occasionally fielded as a wicket-keeper.  He was born at Hatfield, Hertfordshire.

Payne made his first-class debut for Middlesex against Yorkshire in the 1968 County Championship.  He made four further first-class appearances for the county, the last of which came against Essex in the 1970 County Championship.  In his five first-class appearances, he scored a total of 40 runs at an average of 5.00, with a high score of 22.  He also two List A appearances for the county in the 1970 John Player League, against Derbyshire and Warwickshire, scoring a total of 28 runs.

Leaving Middlesex at the end of the 1970 season, he later played two matches for Hertfordshire in the 1974 Minor Counties Championship, against Bedfordshire and Suffolk.  The following season he played two List A matches for Minor Counties South against Kent and Essex, though without success.

Essex County Cricket Club
Essex County Cricket Club is one of eighteen first-class county clubs within the domestic cricket structure of England and Wales. It represents the historic county of Essex.

Founded in 1876, the club had minor county status until 1894 when it was promoted to first-class status pending its entry into the County Championship in 1895. Since then, the team has played in every top-level domestic cricket competition in England.

Essex currently play all their home games at the County Cricket Ground, Chelmsford. The club has formerly used other venues throughout the county including Lower Castle Park in Colchester, Valentines Park in Ilford, Leyton Cricket Ground, the Gidea Park Sports Ground in Romford, and Garon Park and Southchurch Park, both in Southend.

The limited overs team has previously been known as the Essex Eagles but now play simply as Essex.
Mie kopyok
Mie kopyok (lit. 'shaken noodle'), is an Indonesian noodle soup, a specialty of Semarang City, Central Java. The dish consists of noodles served in garlic soup, slices of fried tofu, lontong, bean sprouts, and crushed crackers, sprinkled with sliced fresh celery, and fried shallot. It is served with kecap manis on top. Mie kopyok was mostly peddled with pushed food carts from one sub-district to another, but now, it can be found in the downtown of Semarang with a permanent building.

Indonesian cuisine
Indonesian cuisine is a collection of regional culinary traditions of the various ethnic groups that form the archipelagic nation of Indonesia. There are a wide variety of recipes and cuisines in part because Indonesia is composed of approximately 6,000 populated islands of the total 17,508 in the world's largest archipelago, with more than 600 ethnic groups.

There are many regional cuisines, often based upon indigenous cultures, with some foreign influences.