hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
High king
A high king is a king who holds a position of seniority over a group of other kings, without the title of emperor. Similar titles include great king and king of kings. The high kings of history usually ruled over lands of cultural unity; thus high kings differentiate from emperors who control culturally different lands, and feudal monarchs, where subordinates assume lesser positions. High kings can be chosen by lesser rulers through elections, or be put into power by force through conquest of weaker kingdoms.

Seniority
Seniority is the state of being older or placed in a higher position of status relative to another individual, group, or organization. For example, one employee may be senior to another either by role or rank (such as a CEO vice a manager), or by having more years served within the organization (such as one peer being accorded greater status over another due to amount of time in). The term "seniority" can apply to either concept or both concurrently.
Bulinus nyassanus
Bulinus nyassanus is a species of small air-breathing freshwater snail with a sinistral shell, an aquatic pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ramshorn snails and their allies. This species is endemic to Lake Malawi in Africa, where found both in shallow and relatively deep water. Its shell generally reached a size of up to around 14 mm × 11 mm (0.55 in × 0.43 in).

This detritus-feeder typically burrows slightly into the sediment, no more than 2 cm (0.8 in), unlike some of its relatives like B. globosus, which usually live on rocks or aquatic vegetation. Although only a minority of these snails are infected (generally 2% or less in B. nyassanus), they do play an important role in the spread of bilharzia (schistosomiasis), a parasite that causes "snail fewer" in humans. The snail-eating cichlid fish Trematocranus placodon has a preference for B. nyassanus.

Gastropod shell
The gastropod shell is part of the body of many gastropods, including snails, a kind of mollusc. The shell is an exoskeleton, which protects from predators, mechanical damage, and dehydration, but also serves for muscle attachment and calcium storage. Some gastropods appear shell-less (slugs) but may have a remnant within the mantle, or in some cases the shell is reduced such that the body cannot be retracted within it (semi-slug).

Some snails also possess an operculum that seals the opening of the shell, known as the aperture, which provides further protection. The study of mollusc shells is known as conchology. The biological study of gastropods, and other molluscs in general, is malacology. Shell morphology terms vary by species group.
Steam accumulator
A steam accumulator is an insulated steel pressure tank containing hot water and steam under pressure. It is a type of energy storage device. It can be used to smooth out peaks and troughs in demand for steam.  Steam accumulators may take on a significance for energy storage in solar thermal energy projects. An example is the PS10 solar power plant near Seville, Spain and one planned for the "solar steam train" project in Sacramento, California.

Thermal insulation
Thermal insulation is the reduction of heat transfer (i.e., the transfer of thermal energy between objects of differing temperature) between objects in thermal contact or in range of radiative influence. Thermal insulation can be achieved with specially engineered methods or processes, as well as with suitable object shapes and materials.

Heat flow is an inevitable consequence of contact between objects of different temperature. Thermal insulation provides a region of insulation in which thermal conduction is reduced, creating a thermal break or thermal barrier, or thermal radiation is reflected rather than absorbed by the lower-temperature body.

The insulating capability of a material is measured as the inverse of thermal conductivity (k). Low thermal conductivity is equivalent to high insulating capability (resistance value). In thermal engineering, other important properties of insulating materials are product density (ρ) and specific heat capacity (c).
Across the Line: The Exodus of Charlie Wright
Across the Line: The Exodus of Charlie Wright is a 2010 crime thriller film directed by R. Ellis Frazier and starring Aidan Quinn. Filming took place in Los Angeles, California and Tijuana, Mexico. The film follows a banker (Quinn) who escapes the U.S. with billions after he is revealed to be a fraud, as well as the authorities and mercenaries tracking him down.

Luke Goss
Luke Damon Goss (born 29 September 1968) is an English actor, and drummer of the 1980s band Bros. He has appeared in numerous films including Blade II (2002) as Jared Nomak, One Night with the King (2006) as King Xerxes, Hellboy II: The Golden Army (2008) as Prince Nuada, Tekken (2009) as Steve Fox, Interview with a Hitman (2012) as Viktor, and Traffik (2018) as Red.
Hasford
Hasford is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Gustav Hasford (1947–1993), American journalist, writer, and poet

Jason Hasford (born 1971), English footballer

Joerg Hasford (born 1950), German physician, biometrician, and epidemiologist

Gustav Hasford
Jerry Gustave Hasford (November 28, 1947 – January 29, 1993), also known under his pen name Gustav Hasford, was an American Marine, novelist, journalist and poet. His semi-autobiographical novel The Short-Timers (1979) was the basis for the film Full Metal Jacket (1987).  He was a Vietnam War veteran, who served as a war correspondent, and was a cousin of comic book writer Jason Aaron.
Chiarissimo Fancelli
Chiarissimo d'Antonio Fancelli (died 1632) was an Italian sculptor and architect of the late-Mannerist and Baroque periods, mainly active in Tuscany. Domenico Pieratti and Giovanni Battista Pieratti were his pupils. It is unclear how he fits into the large pedigree of Tuscan sculptors including Cosimo and Luca Fancelli.

When Cosimo II de' Medici built the Loggia del Grano in Florence, Chiarissimo Fancelli provided a bust of Cosimo, and a fountain on the corner of the building, the Fontana del Mascherone.

Cosimo II de' Medici
Cosimo II de' Medici (12 May 1590 – 28 February 1621) was Grand Duke of Tuscany from 1609 until his death. He was the elder son of Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and Christina of Lorraine.

For the majority of his 12-year reign, he delegated the administration of Tuscany to his ministers. He is best remembered as the patron of Galileo Galilei, his childhood tutor.
Samundar (TV series)
Samundar (meaning "ocean" in Urdu) is a 1983 Pakistani television serial presented by the PTV network. The drama serial was broadcast from the PTV Lahore center and was directed by Yawar Hayat and Qasim Jalali; Amjad Islam Amjad wrote the script. The drama serial is one of the most famous ones from PTV. It is remembered to this day due to its unique story line and star cast.

Pakistan Television Corporation
Pakistan Television Corporation (Urdu: پاکستان ٹیلی وژن نیٹ ورک; reporting name: PTV), also known as Pakistan Television, is the Pakistani public broadcaster based in Islamabad, Pakistan, which comprises a number of TV channels.

The PTV is operated and managed directly under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting of federal Government of Pakistan since its founding on 26 November 1964 when a pilot television station was established at Lahore, Punjab.
Thomas B. Dewey
Thomas Blanchard Dewey (Elkhart, Indiana, March 6, 1915 – Tempe, Arizona, April 1981) was an American author of hardboiled crime novels. He created two series of novels: the first one features Mac, a private investigator from Chicago, the second features Pete Schoefield.

Elkhart, Indiana
Elkhart (/ˈɛlkɑːrt/ EL-kart) is a city in Elkhart County, Indiana, United States. The population was 53,923 at the 2020 census. The city is located 15 miles (24 km) east of South Bend, Indiana. It is the most populous city in the  Elkhart–Goshen metropolitan area, which in turn is part of the South Bend–Elkhart–Mishawaka combined statistical area, in a region commonly known as Michiana.
Syndicate (The X-Files)
In the fictional universe of the science fiction–thriller media franchise The X-Files, The Syndicate is a nefarious group of covertly allied influential government officials and businessmen. Also referred to as The Elders, The Consortium, and The Group, it is the primary antagonistic force opposing Dana Scully, Fox Mulder, John Doggett, and Monica Reyes during the series.

Media franchise
A media franchise, also known as a multimedia franchise, is a collection of related media in which several derivative works have been produced from an original creative work of fiction, such as a film, a work of literature, a television program, or a video game. Bob Iger, chief executive of the Walt Disney Company, defined the word franchise as "something that creates value across multiple businesses and across multiple territories over a long period of time."
Privateer Yacht Club
The Privateer Yacht Club is a private yacht club located in Hixson, Tennessee, on the shore of Chickamauga Lake (United States).

The club is also the home site of the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Sailing Team for intercollegiate sailing at the South Atlantic Intercollegiate Sailing Association.

Privateer Yacht Club has a facility that includes twenty eight acres, a clubhouse, one boat ramp and a dinghy hoist, wet slip docks for 80 sailboats, 110 dry slips for “dry sailed” boats and/or trailers, two maintenance hoists, a covered rack for a dozen kayaks, and a 1+1⁄2-mile wooded trail.

Hixson, Tennessee
Hixson is a former unincorporated community and now part of the city of Chattanooga in Hamilton County, Tennessee, United States. Its population was 14,216 in 2020. It is in the northeastern part of Chattanooga and is part of the Chattanooga, TN-GA Metropolitan Statistical Area.

Hixson is typically defined as the area north of Rivermont (a Chattanooga neighborhood), east of the city of Red Bank and U.S. Highway 27, and south of unincorporated Middle Valley and Thrasher Pike. It is bordered to the east by the Tennessee River. Neighborhoods within Hixson include DuPont, Northgate, Big Ridge, and Valleybrook.
Nagendra Singh (general)
Nagendra Singh is a three-star general of the Indian Army, who is the Commandant of the Indian Military Academy. An officer of the Punjab Regiment, he had previously served as the General Officer Commanding the IX Corps, often known as Chetak Corps. He is a decorated officer of the army, being awarded Ati Vishist Seva Medal, Yudh Seva Medal and the Sena Medal.

Sena Medal
The Sena Medal (lit. 'Army Medal') is awarded to members of the Indian army, of all ranks, "for such individual acts of exceptional devotion to duty or courage as have special significance for the Army." Awards may be made posthumously and a bar is authorized for subsequent awards of the Sena Medal.

It can be awarded for gallantry or it can also be for distinguished service carried out by any soldier, not in the face of the enemy. Therefore, the Sena Medal also serves as a sort of general commendation medal for the Indian Army. From 1 February 1999, the central government set a monthly stipend of Rs. 250 for recipients of the award when it is awarded for bravery. It has since been revised to Rs. 2000. It is preceded by the Vir Chakra, Shaurya Chakra & Yudh Seva Medal.
Croatia–Kurdistan Region relations
Croatia–Kurdistan Region relations are bilateral relations between Croatia and Kurdistan Region. Croatia has plans of opening a consulate in Erbil, while Kurdistan Region has no representation in Croatia. In August 2014, after a request by the United States, Croatian authorities sent an undisclosed amount of weapons to Kurdistan Region. The weapons were mostly of Yugoslav origin. Later, it was revealed that the military aid included 20,000 pieces of HS Produkt VHSs.

HS Produkt VHS
The VHS (Croatian: Višenamjenska Hrvatska Strojnica, lit. multifunctional Croatian machine gun) is a 5.56×45mm NATO bullpup assault rifle designed and manufactured by HS Produkt of Croatia. The VHS rifle was first introduced at the 2007 iKA exhibition, the annual Croatian innovation display that takes place in the city of Karlovac. The development began from a Croatian Army request for a new infantry rifle to meet NATO standards.

An improved version of the VHS rifle, known as the VHS-2, was introduced in April 2013. In January 2022, it was announced that Springfield Armory, Inc. will be importing the VHS-2 into the US as the Hellion.
Thomas Graves, 1st Baron Graves
Admiral Thomas Graves, 1st Baron Graves, KB (23 October 1725 – 9 February 1802) was a Royal Navy officer, politician and colonial administrator who served in the Seven Years' War and the American War of Independence. He was also the Commodore-Governor of Newfoundland for a period of time.

Admiral (Royal Navy)
Admiral (Adm) is a senior rank of the Royal Navy, which equates to the NATO rank code OF-9, outranked only by the rank of admiral of the fleet. Royal Navy officers holding the ranks of rear admiral, vice admiral and admiral of the fleet are sometimes considered generically to be admirals. The rank of admiral is currently the highest rank to which a serving officer in the Royal Navy can be promoted, admiral of the fleet being in abeyance except for honorary promotions of retired officers and members of the royal family.

The equivalent rank in the British Army and Royal Marines is general; and in the Royal Air Force, it is air chief marshal.
Jon Henry Gordon
Jon Henry Gordon is a makeup artist. He was nominated at the 82nd Academy Awards for his work on the film The Young Victoria in the category of Best Makeup. He shared his nomination with Jenny Shircore.

Jenny Shircore
Jenny Shircore is a British make-up artist. She won the Academy Award for Best Makeup for her work in Elizabeth (1998) and the BAFTA Award for Best Makeup and Hair for her work in Elizabeth and The Young Victoria (2009).

She was born in British India to an Armenian father and a French mother, moving to the United Kingdom at age 10.

Shircore is a well-known expert in creating visuals for historical dramas, particularly those of the Elizabethan era. She worked on high-profile film productions set in that period, including Elizabeth as well as its sequel, Elizabeth: The Golden Age (2007), and Mary Queen of Scots (2018).
Outline of health
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to health:

Health has a variety of definitions, which have been used for different purposes over time. In general, it refers to physical and emotional well-being, especially that associated with normal functioning of the human body, absent of disease, pain (including mental pain), or injury.

Human body
The human body is the entire structure of a human being. It is composed of many different types of cells that together create tissues and subsequently organs and then organ systems.

The external human body consists of a head, hair, neck, torso (which includes the thorax and abdomen), genitals, arms, hands, legs, and feet. The internal human body includes organs, teeth, bones, muscle, tendons, ligaments, blood vessels and blood, lymphatic vessels and lymph.

The study of the human body includes anatomy, physiology, histology and embryology. The body varies anatomically in known ways. Physiology focuses on the systems and organs of the human body and their functions. Many systems and mechanisms interact in order to maintain homeostasis, with safe levels of substances such as sugar, iron, and oxygen in the blood.

The body is studied by health professionals, physiologists, anatomists, and artists to assist them in their work.
USS Hammann (DD-412)
USS Hammann (DD-412) was a World War II-era Sims-class destroyer in the service of the United States Navy, named after Ensign Charles Hammann, a Medal of Honor recipient from World War I. Hammann was torpedoed and sunk during the Battle of Midway, while assisting the sinking aircraft carrier USS Yorktown.

Hammann was launched by the Federal Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, Kearny, New Jersey on 4 February 1939; sponsored by Miss Lillian Hammann; and commissioned on 11 August 1939, Commander Arnold E. True in command. Hammann conducted shakedown off the East Coast and for the next two years participated in training and readiness operations off both coasts.

Commander (United States)
In the United States, commander is a military rank (O-5) that is also sometimes used as a military billet title—the designation of someone who manages living quarters or a base—depending on the branch of service. It is also used as a rank or title in non-military organizations, particularly in law enforcement.
Niemegk
Niemegk (German pronunciation: [ˈniːmɛk] ⓘ) is a town in the Potsdam-Mittelmark district, in Brandenburg, in eastern Germany. It is the administrative seat of the Amt ("collective municipality") Niemegk.

Amt
Amt is a type of administrative division governing a group of municipalities, today only in Germany, but formerly also common in other countries of Northern Europe. Its size and functions differ by country and the term is roughly equivalent to a British or U.S. county.
SS Montebello
Montebello was a steam oil tanker built in 1920–1921 by the Southwestern Shipbuilding Co. of San Pedro for Union Oil Company. It was designed to carry oil and petroleum products along the West Coast of the United States and Canada, as well as between the United States and Chile. In December 1941 the tanker was sunk on one of her regular trips by the Japanese submarine I-21.

Deadweight tonnage
Deadweight tonnage (also known as deadweight; abbreviated to DWT, D.W.T., d.w.t., or dwt) or tons deadweight (DWT) is a measure of how much weight a ship can carry. It is the sum of the weights of cargo, fuel, fresh water, ballast water, provisions, passengers, and crew.

DWT is often used to specify a ship's maximum permissible deadweight (i.e. when it is fully loaded so that its Plimsoll line is at water level), although it may also denote the actual DWT of a ship not loaded to capacity.
Prpl Foundation
The prpl Foundation is a non-profit open source software Foundation started in 2014 by Imagination Technologies and others to encourage use of the MIPS architecture (and “open to others”), through the promotion of standards and open source software, with a particular focus on equipment for data centers, networking (with a focus on residential gateways), and devices for the Internet of Things.

The Foundation manages projects in specific topic areas via “pWGs” (prpl Working Groups).  The organization also collects and disseminates information of interest to its members, including patterns in consumer use of smart devices and security issues. In 2016 the organization released a study, "The prpl Foundation Smart Home Security Report".  The group also finds and reports security issues in smart devices.

Members of prpl include: Verizon, Orange, AT&T, SoftAtHome, Vodafone, Broadcom, MaxLinear, and Qualcomm.

Qualcomm
Qualcomm Incorporated (/ˈkwɒlkɒm/) is an American multinational corporation headquartered in San Diego, California, and incorporated in Delaware. It creates semiconductors, software and services related to wireless technology. It owns patents critical to the 5G, 4G, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA and WCDMA mobile communications standards.

Qualcomm was established in 1985 by Irwin Jacobs and six others. Its early research into code-division multiple access (CDMA) wireless cell phone technology was funded by selling a two-way mobile digital satellite communications system known as Omnitracs. After a heated debate in the wireless industry, CDMA was adopted as a 2G standard in North America, with Qualcomm's patents incorporated. Afterwards, there was a series of legal disputes about pricing for licensing patents required by the standard.

Over the years, Qualcomm has expanded into selling semiconductor products in a predominantly fabless manufacturing model.
Yedigöze Dam
The Yedigöze Dam, also known as Sani Bey Dam, is a concrete-face rock-fill dam on the Seyhan River bordering İmamoğlu and Aladağ districts in Adana Province, Turkey. The primary purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power generation and irrigation. The dam's power station has an installed capacity of 320 MW and the reservoir will help irrigate 75,000 ha (190,000 acres). Construction began in 2007 and the river was diverted by 2008. In the same year construction on the actual dam began and the reservoir began to fill on 15 June 2010. By November 2010 the remaining construction work was complete and the generators were commissioned in 2011. Construction on the irrigation works is ongoing.

İmamoğlu
İmamoğlu is a municipality and district of Adana Province, Turkey. Its area is 445 km2, and its population is 27,037 (2022). It is an agricultural community on a small plain in the hills between the cities of Adana and Kozan, 45 km from Adana, 27 km from Kozan.
Zapędowo
Zapędowo [zapɛnˈdɔvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Czersk, within Chojnice County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland.

For details of the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Gmina Czersk
Gmina Czersk is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Chojnice County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. Its seat is the town of Czersk, which lies approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) east of Chojnice and 77 km (48 mi) south-west of the regional capital Gdańsk.

The gmina covers an area of 379.85 square kilometres (146.7 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 20,548 (out of which the population of Czersk amounts to 9,463, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 11,085).

The gmina contains part of the protected area called Tuchola Landscape Park.
Robert Saundby
Air Marshal Sir Robert Henry Magnus Spencer Saundby, KCB, KBE, MC, DFC, AFC, FRAeS, FRES, DL (26 April 1896 – 26 September 1971) was a senior Royal Air Force officer whose career spanned both the First and Second World Wars. He distinguished himself by gaining five victories during the First World War, and was present during the air battle when Lanoe Hawker was shot down and killed by Manfred von Richthofen, the "Red Baron". He is chiefly remembered for his role as Deputy Air Officer Commanding-on-Chief Bomber Command under Sir Arthur Harris during the latter part of the Second World War.

Royal Aeronautical Society
The Royal Aeronautical Society, also known as the RAeS, is a British multi-disciplinary professional institution dedicated to the global aerospace community. Founded in 1866, it is the oldest aeronautical society in the world. Members, Fellows, and Companions of the society can use the post-nominal letters MRAeS, FRAeS, or CRAeS, respectively.
Frenética
Frenetica is the second studio album by German Latin-pop band Marquess. It was released on 29 June 2007 by Starwatch Music. The album spawned two singles, including "You and Not Tokio" and "Vayamos Companeros," the latter of which became a number one hit on the Swiss Albums Chart.

Starwatch Music
Starwatch Entertainment is a German music label founded by ProSiebenSat.1 Media in spring 2005. The company has headquarters is in Unterföhring, near Munich. From 2009 onwards the company expanded its operations from label activities to music cooperation, live-entertainment business, artist management and ticketing. The ticketing platform Tickethall.de is a subsidiary of Starwatch Entertainment.

Starwatch Entertainment has both a completely independent music label (Starwatch Music) as well as partner-labels with different partners throughout the music industry such as SonyBMG (Columbia SevenOne Music), EMI Music (EMI 7 Music), and Universal Music (We Love Music).