hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Qiqi (tilting vessel)
The qīqì (Chinese: 欹器; trans. "tilting vessel" or "tipping vessel") was an ancient Chinese ceremonial utensil that automatically overturned and spilled its contents once it reached capacity, thus symbolizing moderation and caution. Both Confucian and Daoist Chinese classics include a famous anecdote about the first time Confucius saw a tilting vessel. In the Confucian tradition (e.g., Xunzi) it was also named yòuzuò zhī qì (宥座之器; "vessel on the right of one's seat"), with three positions, the vessel tilts to one side when empty, stands upright when filled halfway, and overturns when filled to the brim—illustrating the philosophical value of the golden mean. In the Daoist tradition, the tilting vessel was named yòuzhī (宥卮; "urging goblet" or "warning goblet"), with two positions, staying upright when empty and overturning when full—illustrating the metaphysical value of emptiness, and later associated with the Zhuangzian zhīyán (卮言; "goblet words") rhetorical device.

Kongzi Jiayu
The Kongzi Jiayu (Chinese: 孔子家語), translated as The School Sayings of Confucius or Family Sayings of Confucius, is a collection of sayings of Confucius (Kongzi), written as a supplement to the Analects (Lunyu).

A book by the title had existed since at least the early Han dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD), and was listed in the 1st-century imperial bibliography Yiwenzhi with 27 scrolls. The extant version, however, was thought by later scholars to have been compiled by the Cao Wei official-scholar Wang Su (195–256 AD), and contains 10 scrolls and 44 sections. Thus, Chinese scholars had long concluded that the received text was a 3rd-century forgery by Wang Su that had nothing to do with the original text of the same title. However, this verdict has been overturned by archaeological discoveries of Western Han dynasty tombs at Dingzhou (55 BC) and Shuanggudui (165 BC).
Lac-des-Aigles
Lac-des-Aigles (French pronunciation: [lak dez‿ɛɡl]) is a city in the Témiscouata Regional County Municipality of the Bas-Saint-Laurent region of Quebec, Canada. The population is 571. Its economy is mainly based on agriculture and forestry. It is located southeast of Rimouski, near Esprit-Saint. It was created on July 31, 2024 by the merger of the municipalities of Lac-des-Aigles and Saint-Guy.

Témiscouata Regional County Municipality
Témiscouata (French pronunciation: [temiskwata]) is a regional county municipality in the Bas-Saint-Laurent region of Quebec, Canada. It is located southeast of Rivière-du-Loup, bordering New Brunswick, and is centred on Lake Témiscouata.  Its seat is Témiscouata-sur-le-Lac.

Major industries include forestry, agriculture and maple syrup products.
Aïn Beida, Ouargla
Ain Beida (Arabic: ﻋﻴﻦ اﻟﺒﻴﻀﺎء, lit. white eye) is a town and commune in Sidi Khouïled District, Ouargla Province, Algeria. According to the 2008 census it has a population of 19,039, up from 14,500 in 1998, and an annual population growth rate of 2.8%. Ain Beida is just 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from central Ouargla and is effectively a suburb of the city. It is also home to the Ain Beida Airport, Ouargla's principal airport.

Communes of Algeria
The communes of Algeria (Arabic: بلدية (singular)), also known as municipalities, form the third level of administrative subdivisions of Algeria. As of 2002, there were 1,541 municipalities in the country. The municipalities are also known as communes (baladiyahs).
Afak
32°03′45″N 45°14′34″E﻿ / ﻿32.06250°N 45.24278°E﻿ / 32.06250; 45.24278
Afak (Arabic: عفك) is a town in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate, Iraq. It is located 25 km (16 mi) northeast of Al Diwaniyah and 170 km (105 mi) south of Baghdad.

As of 2026, the estimated population of the Afak district is 165,000 and Afak (Town) is estimated at 21,888.

It is speculated that the lost city of Irisaĝrig is located near Afak.

Al-Qādisiyyah Governorate
Al-Qadisiyah Governorate (Arabic: القادسية, al-Qādisiyah), also known as the Al-Diwaniyah Governorate (Arabic: ٱلدِّيوَانِيَّة, ad-Dīwānīyah), is one of the governorates of Iraq.  It is in the southern part of the center of the country. The estimated population of the province is about a million and a half million people, according to the census of 2014. Its capital is Al Diwaniyah. Before 1976, it was part of the ad-Diwāniyah Governorate, along with al-Muthannā and Najaf. The province is named after the historical city of Al-Qadisiyah, the site of the Battle of al-Qadisiyyah, where in 636 CE the Islamic Rashidun forces defeated the forces of the Sassanid Empire. The governorate is predominantly Shia Arab. It includes the Mesopotamian Marshes of Hor Aldelmj.
Tamparan
Tamparan, officially the Municipality of Tamparan (Maranao: Inged a Tamparan; Tagalog: Bayan ng Tamparan), is a municipality in the province of Lanao del Sur, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 32,074 people.

Lake Lanao
Lake Lanao (Maranao: Ranao or Ranaw) is a large ancient lake in the province of Lanao del Sur, Philippines. With a surface area of 340 km2 (130 mi2), it is the largest lake in Mindanao, the deepest and second largest lake in the Philippines, and counted as one of the 15 ancient lakes in the world. Scholars have been pushing for the lake's inclusion in the UNESCO World Heritage List. The lake's native people call themselves the Maranao or Meranaw. Their name was derived from the name of the lake, meaning "the people living around the lake".
Marie Solome Nassiwa
Marie Solome Nassiwa, also Marie Solome Nassiwa-Martin, is a Ugandan accountant. She is the financial director at Baylor Foundation Uganda, a non-government organisation that focuses on improving pediatric health through monitoring, nutrition, prevention and treatment of childhood diseases in Uganda.  Baylor Foundation Uganda is affiliated with Texas Children's Hospital and Baylor College of Medicine.

Before that, she was the chief financial officer of Umeme Limited, the largest electricity distribution company in Uganda, with a customer base exceeding 1,125,000, as of April 2018, and whose stock shares are listed on the Uganda Securities Exchange and cross-listed on the Nairobi Stock Exchange.

Umeme
Umeme Limited was the largest energy distributor in Uganda, distributing about 97 percent of all electricity used in the country. The shares of the stock of the company are listed on the Uganda Securities Exchange (USE) and are cross listed on the Nairobi Stock Exchange (NSE). As of December 2023, the company's total assets were approximately UGX:2.347 trillion (US$619.18 million), with shareholders' equity of approximately UGX:937.381 billion (US$247.27 million).
Borland's Trustee v Steel Bros & Co Ltd
Borland's Trustee v Steel Brothers & Co Ltd [1901] 1 Ch 279 is a UK company law case, concerning the enforceability of a company's constitution and the nature of a company share. It is also one of the rare exceptions to the rule that a transfer of assets which only takes effect upon a person's bankruptcy is normally void.

Void (law)
In law, void means of no legal effect.  An action, document, or transaction which is void is of no legal effect whatsoever: an absolute nullity—the law treats it as if it had never existed or happened. The term void ab initio, which means "to be treated as invalid from the outset", comes from adding the Latin phrase ab initio (from the beginning) as a qualifier.  For example, in many jurisdictions where a person signs a contract under duress, that contract is treated as being void ab initio. The frequent combination "null and void" is a legal doublet.

The term is frequently used in contradistinction to the term "voidable" and "unenforceable".
Five-paragraph essay
The five-paragraph essay is a common essay format that comprises an introductory with a thesis, three body paragraphs that develop supporting points, and a conclusion. The format is widely taught in U.S. secondary education and is sometimes referred to as a "hamburger essay" in K–12 contexts that use a layered graphic organizer for paragraphs and essays.

Scholars have linked the form to earlier traditions of theme‑writing in current‑traditional rhetoric, and debate continues to this day over its educational value.

K–12
K–12 (from kindergarten to twelfth grade) is an English language expression that indicates the range of years of publicly supported primary and secondary education found in the United States and Canada, which is similar to publicly supported school grades before tertiary education in several other countries, such as  Armenia, Australia, China, Ecuador, Egypt, India, Iran, the Philippines, South Korea, and Turkey. K–12 refers to the American system which affords authority to local intersectional "districts" which may be specific to a municipality, county, or several regions, depending on population and proximity.
Błotno, Stargard County
Błotno [ˈbwɔtnɔ] (German: Jakobsdorf) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dobrzany, within Stargard County, West Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-western Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) south-east of Dobrzany, 31 km (19 mi) east of Stargard, and 61 km (38 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin.

For the history of the region, see History of Pomerania.

Stargard County
Stargard County (Polish: powiat stargardzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in West Pomeranian Voivodeship, north-western Poland. It came into being on January 1, 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Stargard, which lies 32 kilometres (20 mi) east of the regional capital Szczecin. The county contains four other towns: Chociwel, 26 km (16 mi) north-east of Stargard, Dobrzany, 27 km (17 mi) east of Stargard, Ińsko, 37 km (23 mi) east of Stargard, and Suchań, 21 km (13 mi) east of Stargard.

The county covers an area of 1,519.59 square kilometres (586.7 sq mi). As of 2006 its total population is 119,402, out of which the population of Stargard is 70,534, that of Chociwel is 3,285, that of Dobrzany is 2,420, that of Ińsko is 2,001, that of Suchań is 1,446, and the rural population is 39,716.
Pao K. Wang
Pao-Kuan Wang (Chinese: 王寳貫; born 1949) is a Taiwanese atmospheric scientist.

Wang studied meteorology at National Taiwan University, then pursued advanced degrees in atmospheric science at University of California, Los Angeles, culminating in a doctorate completed in 1978. He taught at the University of Wisconsin–Madison starting in 1980, and was granted emeritus status in 2016. He is a fellow of the American Meteorological Society and the Meteorological Society of the Republic of China, which he was elected to in 2005 and 2008 respectively. He was president of the latter organization from 2013 to 2017. In 2018, Wang was elected an academician of Academia Sinica. Wang has written several popular science books in Chinese.

American Meteorological Society
The American Meteorological Society (AMS) is a scientific and professional organization in the United States promoting and disseminating information about the atmospheric, oceanic, and hydrologic sciences. Its mission is to advance the atmospheric and related sciences, technologies, specifications, applications and services for the benefit of society.
Heiheionakeiki
Heiheionakeiki is a Polynesian constellation which mariners used to navigate to Tahiti.  It contains the seven main stars of the western constellation Orion:

Rigel

Betelgeuse

Alnilam

Alnitak

Mintaka

Bellatrix

Saiph

As all of Hawaiian Airlines’s Airbus A330-200s are named for a constellation or star used by the ancient Polynesians for celestial navigation when making their voyages across the Pacific to Hawaii, the airline has named its seventh Airbus A330-200 (N386HA) aircraft after the constellation.

Alnilam
Alnilam is the central star of Orion's Belt in the equatorial constellation of Orion. It has the Bayer designation ε Orionis, which is Latinised to Epsilon Orionis and abbreviated Epsilon Ori or ε Ori. This is a massive, blue supergiant star some 1,250 light-years distant. It is estimated to be 270,000 times as luminous as the Sun, and 28 times as massive.
Little Lost Blues
Little Lost Blues by Bonny Billy is the third compilation of singles and rarities by Will Oldham. The previous two were Lost Blues and Other Songs (1997) and Guarapero/Lost Blues 2 (2000). It was offered as a limited edition bonus disc with some copies of The Letting Go LP and CD.

"Little Boy Blue" is a George Jones cover, "I Confess" is a Kevin Coyne cover, and "Less of Me" is a Glen Campbell cover. "His Hands" is Oldham's demo version of a song he wrote for Candi Staton, released on her album of the same name.

Kevin Coyne
Kevin Coyne (27 January 1944 – 2 December 2004) was an English musician, singer, composer, film-maker, and a writer of lyrics, stories and poems. He was critically acclaimed for his unorthodox style of blues-influenced guitar composition, the intense quality of his vocal delivery, and his lyrics describing injustice to the mentally ill. Musicians who have described themselves as Coyne fans include Sting and John Lydon. In the mid-1970s, prior to the formation of the Police, Coyne's band included guitarist Andy Summers. BBC disc jockey Andy Kershaw described Coyne as "a national treasure who keeps getting better" and as one of the great British blues voices.

Over many years Coyne produced the art work for many of his own album covers. His move to Germany, in the 1980s, saw his work on full-size paintings blossom in its own right.
Beacon Hill, Dorset
Beacon Hill is one of the highest viewpoints in the hinterland of Poole Harbour, Dorset. Its tree-covered summit reaches 84 metres (276 ft) above sea level and there is a public footpath running roughly north to south over the top.  Historically it was one of a series of beacons used to warn of the advancing Spanish Armada. The earlier name for the hill was Lytchett Beacon.

Footpath
A footpath is, in Australian/British/Irish English, a type of thoroughfare, pedestrian way, walking trail, or nature trail, that is intended for use only by pedestrians and not other forms of traffic such as motorized vehicles, bicycles and horses. They can be found in a wide variety of places, from the centre of cities, to farmland, mountain ridges, National parks, nature preserves, conservation areas and other protected wilderness areas. Urban footpaths are usually paved, may have steps, and can be called alleys, lanes, steps, etc.

The term 'footpath' includes pedestrian paths that are next to the road in Irish English, Indian English, Australian English, and New Zealand English (known as pavement in British English and South African English, or sidewalk in North American English).
Alexander Stirling MacMillan
Alexander S. MacMillan (October 31, 1870 – August 7, 1955) was a Nova Scotia politician and businessman, the 13th premier of Nova Scotia, from 1940 to 1945.

MacMillan was born in Upper South River in Antigonish County. He made his fortune in lumbering and construction before being made chairman of the Nova Scotia Highways Board in 1920 and serving briefly as minister of highways in 1925. He was a member of Nova Scotia's appointed upper house, the Legislative Council from 1925 until 1928 when he won a seat in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly as a Liberal. He again became minister of highways in 1933. In 1940, when Premier Angus L. Macdonald went to Ottawa to serve in the wartime cabinet of William Lyon Mackenzie King, MacMillan became premier in his place. He retired as premier and from politics in 1945 to allow Macdonald to resume his provincial career. MacMillan died in Halifax at the age of 83.

Municipality of the County of Antigonish
The Municipality of the County of Antigonish is a county municipality in Nova Scotia, Canada. It provides local government to the eponymous historical county, except for the Town of Antigonish, and two reserves: Pomquet and Afton 23, and Summerside 38. In the Canada 2016 Census the county had a population of 19,301, a change of -1.5% from its 2011 population of 19,589.

The municipality provides public works services such as rubbish collection, road works, fresh water, and wastewater.
Usher, Western Australia
Usher is an outer southern suburb of Bunbury, a city in Western Australia, located within the City of Bunbury local government area. Located between the Indian Ocean coast and Bussell Highway, it is the southernmost continuous suburb in Bunbury's metropolitan area and was named after Patrick Usher, the mayor of Bunbury from 1972 to 1983.

City of Bunbury
33°20′24″S 115°38′31″E﻿ / ﻿33.340°S 115.642°E﻿ / -33.340; 115.642

The City of Bunbury is a local government area in the South West region of Western Australia, covering an area of 65.7 square kilometres (25.4 sq mi) along the coast about 180 kilometres (112 mi) south of Perth, the capital of Western Australia. The City of Bunbury is one of four local governments comprising the Greater Bunbury urban area. As at the 2016 Census, the City of Bunbury had an estimated population of almost 32,000.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 16
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 16 (P. Oxy. 16) is a fragment of the fourth book of the History of the Peloponnesian War by Thucydides (chapters 36-41) in Greek. It was discovered by Grenfell and Hunt in 1897 in Oxyrhynchus. The fragment is dated to the first century. It is housed in the University of Pennsylvania Museum (E 2747). The text was published by Grenfell and Hunt in 1898.

The manuscript was written on papyrus in the form of a roll. The measurements of the fragment are 256 by 200 mm. The fragment contains three columns, written in 50-53 lines per column. The text is written in a small and irregular uncial hand.

Bernard Pyne Grenfell
Bernard Pyne Grenfell FBA (16 December 1869 – 18 May 1926) was an English scientist and egyptologist. Excavations he did with Arthur Surridge Hunt uncovered manuscripts including the oldest Oxyrhynchus Papyri.
Jolly Roving Tar
Jolly Roving Tar is a traditional Newfoundland folk song. In its 19th-century version, the song relates the story of Susan, lamenting the wanderings of her beloved "tar", or sailor, William, who is at sea, and deciding to follow him in her father's boat. The title is also applied to the folk song* "Get up, Jack! John, sit down!", a reel of unknown provenance in which some, but not all, versions includes the line, "Come along, come along, my jolly brave tars, there's lots of grog in the jars."

There is a song called "Get-Up Jack, John Sit-Down" with words by Edward Harrigan  (1844 - 1911) and music by Dave Braham (1838 - 1905). It is from their music hall show "Old Lavender," produced in circa 1885. A digital image of the score is available on the Library of Congress Website.

Reel (dance)
The reel is a folk dance type as well as the accompanying dance tune type. Of Scottish origin, reels are also an important part of the repertoire of the fiddle traditions of Britain, Ireland and North America. In Scottish country dancing, the reel is one of the four traditional dances, the others being the jig, the strathspey and the waltz, and is also the name of a dance figure.

In Irish dance, a reel is any dance danced to music in reel time (see below). In Irish stepdance, the reel is danced in soft shoes and is one of the first dances taught to students. There is also a treble reel, danced in hard shoes to reel music.
Patricia Anderson
Patricia "Patti" Anderson (born June 4, 1966) is an American politician serving in the Minnesota House of Representatives since 2023. A member of the Republican Party of Minnesota, Anderson represents district 33A in the northeastern Twin Cities metropolitan area, which includes the cities of Forest Lake, Hugo, and Mahtomedi and parts of Washington County.

Anderson served one term as the State Auditor of Minnesota, from 2003 to 2007, and ran unsuccessfully in 2006 and 2010. She is the most recent Republican to hold that office. She was mayor of Eagan, Minnesota, and a national committeewoman for Minnesota to the Republican National Committee.

Washington County, Minnesota
Washington County is a county in the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 267,568, making it the fifth-most populous county in Minnesota. Its county seat is Stillwater. The largest city in the county is Woodbury, the seventh-largest city in Minnesota and the third-largest Twin Cities suburb. Washington County is included in the Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Djupedalia
Djupedalia is an extinct genus of cryptoclidid plesiosauroid plesiosaur known from the uppermost Jurassic of central Spitsbergen, Norway. It is named after Øystein Djupedal, the former Minister of Education and Research who helped fund the fossil excavation with a budget of 1.2 million Norwegian kroner.

Plesiosauroidea
Plesiosauroidea (/ˈpliːsiəsɔːr/; Greek: πλησιος plēsios 'near, close to' and σαυρος sauros 'lizard') is an extinct clade of carnivorous marine reptiles. They have the snake-like longest neck to body ratio of any reptile. Plesiosauroids are known from the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods. After their discovery, some plesiosauroids were said to have resembled "a snake threaded through the shell of a turtle", although they had no shell.

Plesiosauroidea appeared at the Early Jurassic Period (late Sinemurian stage) and thrived until the K-Pg extinction, at the end of the Cretaceous Period. The oldest confirmed plesiosauroid is Plesiosaurus itself, as all younger taxa were recently found to be pliosauroids. While they were Mesozoic diapsid reptiles that lived at the same time as dinosaurs, they did not belong to the latter. Gastroliths are frequently found associated with plesiosaurs.
Sant Mori
Sant Mori (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈsam ˈmɔɾi]) is a municipality in the comarca of Alt Empordà, Girona, Catalonia, Spain.

Situated on the right bank of the river Fluvià, it is limited on the north by Sant Miquel de Fluvià, on the east by Ventalló, on the south by Saus and on the west by Palau de Santa Eulàlia.

The economy is primarily based on agriculture, animal husbandry, and, more recently, tourism.

Sant Mori was a barony in the 15th century and in 1893 it became a marquisate. The regent queen Juana Enríquez and her son Ferdinand II of Aragon spent some days in the castle of Sant Mori at the height of the war against John II of Aragon. There the Parliament of the Corts Catalanes was invoked in October, 1466.

John II of Aragon
John II (Spanish: Juan II, Catalan: Joan II, Aragonese: Chuan II and Basque: Joanes II; 29 June 1398 – 20 January 1479), called the Great (el Gran) or the Faithless (el Sense Fe), was King of Aragon from 1458 until his death in 1479. As the husband of Queen Blanche I of Navarre, he was King of Navarre from 1425 to 1479. John was also King of Sicily from 1458 to 1468.
Sophie Fedorovitch
Sophie Fedorovitch (Belarusian: Сафія Федаровіч; 3 December 1893 – 25 January 1953) was a Russian-born theatrical designer who worked with ballet choreographer Sir Frederick Ashton from his first choreographed ballet in 1926 until her accidental death in 1953.

Fedorovitch designed for several British choreographers including Ninette de Valois and Antony Tudor, as well as for opera and theatre. From 1951 until her death in 1953, she was a member of the artistic advisory panel of Sadler's Wells Ballet, a role she had unofficially undertaken for many years.

In her 2012 article in Research in Dance Education, Elizabeth McLean's view was that Fedorovitch had a "formative influence" on British ballet design of the 1930s and 1940s, and that she should be considered the equal of her contemporary, Christian Bérard.

Christian Bérard
Christian Bérard  (20 August 1902 – 11 February 1949), also known as Bebè, was a French artist, fashion illustrator and designer.

Bérard and his lover Boris Kochno, who worked for the Ballets Russes and was also co-founder of the Ballets des Champs-Elysées, were one of the most prominent openly homosexual couples in French theater during the 1930s and 1940s.