hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ferroelectric liquid crystal display
Ferroelectric liquid-crystal display (FLCD) is a display technology based on the ferroelectric properties of chiral smectic liquid crystals as proposed in 1980 by Clark and Lagerwall. Reportedly discovered in 1975, several companies pursued the development of FLCD technologies, notably Canon and Central Research Laboratories (CRL), along with others including Seiko, Sharp, Mitsubishi and GEC. Canon and CRL pursued different technological approaches with regard to the switching of display cells, these providing the individual pixels or subpixels, and the production of intermediate pixel intensities between full transparency and full opacity, these differing approaches being adopted by other companies seeking to develop FLCD products.

Canon Inc.
Canon Inc. (Japanese: キヤノン株式会社; Hepburn: Kyanon kabushiki gaisha) is a Japanese multinational corporation headquartered in Ōta, Tokyo, specializing in optical, imaging, and industrial products, such as lenses, cameras, police equipment , scanners, printers, and semiconductor manufacturing equipment.

Canon has a primary listing on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the TOPIX Core 30 and Nikkei 225 indexes. It used to have a secondary listing on the New York Stock Exchange.
Sharzhenga (river)
The Sharzhenga (Russian: Шарженга, Шарженьга) is a river in Nyuksensky, Babushkinsky, and Nikolsky Districts of Vologda Oblast in Russia. It is a left tributary of the Yug. It is 183 kilometres (114 mi) long, and the area of its basin is 1,500 square kilometres (580 sq mi). The main tributary is the Andanga (right).

The river basin of the Sharzhenga comprises the northwestern part of Nikolsky District and is located in the Northern Ridge chain of hills.

The source of the Sharzhenga is in the southern part of the Nyuksensky District. The river flows south, enters Babushkinsky District, and turns northeast. In the village of Logduz it turns southeast and enters Nikolsky District. Downstream from the village of Zelentsovo the valley of the Sharzhenga is almost continuously populated, and the forests on the river banks have been cut. The mouth of the Sharzhenga is downstream of the village of Kalinino, between the town of Nikolsk and the selo of Kichmengsky Gorodok.

Nikolsk, Vologda Oblast
Nikolsk (Russian: Нико́льск) is a town and the administrative center of Nikolsky District in Vologda Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Yug River. Population:  8,511 (2010 census); 8,649 (2002 census); 8,574 (1989 Soviet census).
Fox River (Buller)
The Fox River (originally the Potikohua River) is a river in the Buller District of New Zealand. It arises in the Paparoa Range near Mount Dewar and flows north-west through the Paparoa National Park to the Tasman Sea at Woodpecker Bay. The river passes through a spectacular gorge. The northern branch of the river has limestone caves containing stalactite and stalagmite formations.

Stalagmite
A stalagmite (UK: /ˈstæləɡˌmaɪt/, US: /stəˈlæɡmaɪt/; from Greek  σταλαγμίτης (stalagmítēs); from Ancient Greek  σταλαγμίας (stalagmías) 'dropping, trickling' and  -ίτης (-ítēs) 'one connected to, a member of')
is a type of rock formation that rises from the floor of a cave due to the accumulation of material deposited on the floor from ceiling drippings. Stalagmites are typically composed of calcium carbonate, but may consist of lava, mud, peat, pitch, sand, sinter, and amberat (crystallized urine of pack rats).

The corresponding formation hanging down from the ceiling of a cave is a stalactite.
Obrad (veliki tepčija)
Obrad (Serbian Cyrillic: Обрад) was a Serbian nobleman that served king Stefan Vladislav (r. 1234–43), with the title of veliki tepčija. He is the oldest veliki tepčija known by name. The title-holder took care of the royal estates. He is mentioned in the 1230s, as a "great lord" (veliki gospodin). He had a menologion written, which later came into the possession of Radoslava ("the wife of the tepčija", presumably veliki tepčija Mišljen). The work includes songs to St. Sava. He seems to have not belonged to the royal family.

Menologium
A menologium (/mɛnəˈloʊdʒiəm/, pl. menologia), also known by other names, is any collection of information arranged according to the days of a month, usually a set of such collections for all the months of the year. In particular, it is used for ancient Roman farmers' almanacs (menologia rustica); for the untitled Old English poem on the Julian calendar that appears in a manuscript of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle; for the liturgical books (also known as the menaia) used by the Eastern Orthodox Church and Eastern Catholic Churches following the Byzantine Rite that list the propers for fixed dates, typically in twelve volumes covering a month each and largely concerned with saints; for hagiographies (also known as synaxaria) and liturgical calendars written as part of this tradition; and for equivalents of these works among Roman Catholic religious orders for organized but private commemoration of their notable members.
I'm Up (Young Thug mixtape)
I'm Up is a mixtape by American rapper Young Thug. It was released on February 5, 2016, by 300 Entertainment and Atlantic Records. The mixtape features guest appearances from Trouble, Ralo, Lil Durk, Lil Duke, Solo Lucci, Young Butta, Quavo, Offset, Dora and Dolly (Young Thug's sisters).

Ralo
Terrell Davis, better known by the stage name Ralo, is an American rapper. Born in Atlanta, Georgia, he first gained recognition following the release of his 2015 single, "Can't Lie" (featuring Future).  He signed with Birdman's Cash Money Records and Young Scooter's Black Migo Gang in 2016, which entered a joint venture with Gucci Mane's short-lived Interscope Records imprint, 1017 Eskimo Records the following year.

Spin magazine placed the song at number 65 on its "Every Future Song of 2015, Ranked" list. In 2015, Ralo released the mixtapes Famerican Gangster and Diary of the Streets.
Thanh Bình district
Thanh Bình is a rural district of Đồng Tháp province in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. As of 2003, the district had a population of 158,203, rising to 162,130 in 2004. The district covers an area of 329 km2 (127 sq mi). The district capital lies at Thanh Bình.

District (Vietnam)
Districts (Vietnamese: huyện), also known as rural districts or counties, were one of several types of former second-tier administrative subdivisions of Vietnam, the other types being urban districts (Vietnamese: quận), provincial cities (thành phố trực thuộc tỉnh), municipal cities (thành phố thuộc thành phố trực thuộc trung ương), and district-level towns (thị xã). The districts were subdivisions of the first-tier divisions, namely the provinces and municipalities. Districts were subdivided into third-tier units, namely townships and communes.

Districts and the whole second-tier of administrative subdivisions of Vietnam were eliminated in 2025, following a major governmental reform.
Suzanne Bassi
Suzanne Bassi (born 1945) is a former Republican member of the Illinois House of Representatives, representing the 54th district from 1999 to 2010. Her predecessor was Robert L. Bergman. Bassi lost to Thomas Morrison in the Republican primary on February 2, 2010. In the 2016 Republican Party presidential primaries, Bassi was a delegate pledged to the presidential campaign of John Kasich.

John Kasich 2016 presidential campaign
The 2016 presidential campaign of John Kasich, the 69th governor of Ohio, was announced on July 21, 2015. He was a candidate for the 2016 Republican Party presidential nomination. He earned 154 delegates and won only one contest, his home state, Ohio. Kasich suspended his campaign on May 4, 2016, one day after becoming the last major challenger to Donald Trump for the nomination. Kasich vied to become the first Pennsylvania native to hold the office since James Buchanan in 1856, as well as the first from the city of Pittsburgh to do so.
Xinglin railway station
Xinglin railway station (Chinese: 杏林站) is a railway station located in Xinglin Village, Jimei District of Xiamen, Fujian Province, China, on the Fuzhou-Xiamen Railway line. The original station was built in 1956.

Fuzhou–Xiamen railway
The Fuzhou–Xiamen railway or Fuxia railway (simplified Chinese: 福厦铁路; traditional Chinese: 福廈鐵路; pinyin: Fúxià Tiělù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hok-ē Thih-lo̍; Foochow Romanized: Hók-â Tʰiā-le̤) is a dual-track, electrified, higher-speed rail line in eastern China. The line is named after its two terminal cities Fuzhou and Xiamen, both coastal cities in Fujian. The line has a total length of 274.9 kilometres (170.8 mi) and forms part of China's Hangzhou–Fuzhou–Shenzhen passenger-dedicated railway. Construction began in 2005, and the line entered into operation on April 26, 2010.

The line is used for both passenger and freight operations. Trains running on the line reached top speeds of 250 kilometres per hour (155 mph), although that was later reduced to 200 km/h (124 mph).
Gundal och Högås
Gundal och Högås is a trimunicipal locality situated in Kungsbacka Municipality, Halland County, and Gothenburg Municipality and Mölndal Municipality in Västra Götaland County, Sweden. It had 384 inhabitants in 2010.

Mölndal Municipality
Mölndal Municipality (Swedish: Mölndals kommun, semi-officially Mölndals stad) is a municipality in Västra Götaland in western Sweden, just south of Gothenburg. Its seat is located in Mölndal, which lies within the Gothenburg urban area, and the whole municipality is part of Metropolitan Gothenburg.

In 1911 a municipalsamhälle (a kind of borough within a rural municipality, handling matters of urban character) named Mölndal was instituted in the municipality of Fässberg. In 1922 Fässberg was made the City of Mölndal. In 1971 it was amalgamated with Kållered and Lindome (the latter transferred from Halland County). At the same time it became a municipality of unitary type, like all others in the country. The municipality prefers, however, to style itself Mölndals stad (City of Mölndal) as a semi-official name whenever legally possible. This usage has no effect on the status of the municipality.
Rafael Pont Flores
Rafael Pont Flores (July 8, 1909–July 4, 1980) was an educator, sportsman and journalist.  He was from the town of Aibonito, Puerto Rico.  He directed the "Escuela del Departamento de Instrucción Pública" Magazine.  As a sport chronicler he was honored by being included in the Hall of the Immortals of the Crónica Deportiva en Puerto Rico.  He collaborated with newspapers such as; El Mundo, El Imparcial and El Nuevo Dia.  He published works such as El deporte en broma y en serio in 1951 and Un Puertorriqueño en España in 1969.  He was a member of Phi Sigma Alpha fraternity.

El Mundo (Puerto Rico)
El Mundo (lit. 'The World') is a Puerto Rican newspaper founded in 1919 by Romualdo Real. Its slogan was "Verdad y Justicia" (Truth and Justice). In 1929, former corrector-turned-administrator Angel Ramos and journalist José Coll Vidal, bought the newspaper when Real retired. In 1944 Ramos became the sole owner of the newspaper.
Talwandi Sanghra
Talwandi Sanghera(Punjabi: Talavaṇḍī saṅgahirā) is a village in Nakodar in Jalandhar district of Punjab. It is located 6.7 kilometres (4.2 mi) from Nakodar, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from Kapurthala, 36 kilometres (22 mi) from district headquarter Jalandhar and 164 kilometres (102 mi) from state capital Chandigarh.

Jalandhar
Jalandhar (IPA: /d͡ʒəːləndə̀ɾᵊ/) is a city in the state of Punjab in India. With a considerable population, it ranks as the third most-populous city in the state and is the largest city in the Doaba region. Jalandhar lies alongside the historical Grand Trunk Road and is a well-connected junction for both rail and road networks. The National Highway 1 (NH1), crosses Jalandhar, further enhancing its connectivity.
2023 in Meitei culture
2023 in Meitei culture, including but not limited to Meitei architecture, Meitei cinema, Meitei cuisine, Meitei dances, Meitei festivals, Meitei language, Meitei literature, Meitei music, Meitei religion, Meitei script, etc.

Eikhoigi Yum
Eikhoigi Yum (English: Our Home)  is a 2022 Manipuri film directed by Romi Meitei. It is jointly produced by Sheetal Chingsu and Romi Meitei under the banner of Thangarakpa Living Frames. The film got official selection at the 22nd Jio MAMI Mumbai Film Festival 2022. It was the opening film at the 1st Eikhoigi Imphal International Film Festival 2022. The film was certified by Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) in 2021. The film won the National Film Award For Best Film In Meiteilon at the 69th National Film Awards.

Eikhoigi Yum got official selections at the 27th International Film Festival of Kerala 2022 (International Competition Section); 12th Indian Film Festival of Bhubaneswar 2023, Odisha and 45th Moscow International Film Festival 2023. It was screened on 24 November 2022 at the Sangai Film Festival 2022, which was organised as a part of the Manipur Sangai Festival.
Gem Castillo
Benilda Ruello Retuerto-Amante (born November 7, 1975), better known by her stage name Gem Castillo, is a Filipino politician, businesswoman and former actress. She began her acting career in the early 1990s when she starred in movies. A prized find of Kuya Germs, she was a talent at the defunct but long-running That's Entertainment (Philippine TV program).

Women in business
The phrase women in business refers to female businesspeople who hold positions, particularly leadership in the fields of commerce, business, and entrepreneurship. It advocates for their increased participation in business.

Increased participation of women in business can be important for variation in business development, ideas, and business products. Participation also encourages the development of social networks and supports that have positive repercussions for women and for their social environment.

The status of women in business varies significantly around the world. Sometimes a lack of adequate business capital, female education, and training programs in the use of technology  can mean women are more constrained by their social and political environment than men.
Sri Lanka Railways S14
Sri Lanka Railways S14 is a class of diesel-electric multiple unit (DEMU) train sets, built for Sri Lanka Railways by CRRC Qingdao Sifang, China and financed by a Chinese sovereign loan. Nine of these train sets were imported to Sri Lanka from 2019 to 2020. They possess air-conditioned first class along with second class and third class accommodations. The Class S14s were ordered to mainly operate on the Main Line from Colombo to Badulla and Kandy.

In addition, four power cars designated as the S14A Class were also ordered for the Aruwakkalu Waste Processing Facility under the Metro Colombo Solid Waste Management Project in Puttalam. Delivery of these units began in 2020.

Economy class
Economy class, also called third class, coach class, steerage, or to distinguish it from the slightly more expensive premium economy class, standard economy class or budget economy class, is the lowest travel class of seating in air travel, rail travel, and sometimes ferry or maritime travel. Historically, this travel class has been called tourist class or third class on ocean liners.
World Wild
World Wild is the fifth studio album by Swedish Eurodance artist Jonny Jakobsen, released in 2007.

The tone and lyrical style of the songs continue Jakobsen's ethnic satire theme but, this time, each song is dedicated to a different nation and the typical subjects of their respective cultures, such as Skiing in Switzerland or Pharaohs in Egypt. The songs are sung from the perspective of Carlito as he embarks upon a tour of the world.

The album was released as a successor to Fiesta, another Carlito album. Carlito is so far the only one of Jakobsen's fictional identities to be associated with more than one studio album without any change in style. According to the official Carlito website, the decision to release a successor to Fiesta was prompted by its outstanding success in Japan.

Ethnic stereotype
An ethnic stereotype or racial stereotype involves part of a system of beliefs about typical characteristics of members of a given ethnic group, their  status, societal and cultural norms. A national stereotype does the same for a given nationality. Stereotyping is typically associated with racism, and may also be used for humor in jokes.

National stereotypes may relate either to one's own ethnicity/nationality or to a foreign/differing one.  Stereotypes about one's own nation may aid in maintaining a national identity due to a collective relatability to a trait or characteristic, referred to as national character.
Hari Krishna Shastri
Hari Krishna Shastri (21 February 1938 – 17 June 1997) was an Indian politician who was a Minister in the Government of India.  He was a member of Fourth (1967, from Allahabad), Seventh (1980, from Fatehpur) and Eighth Lok Sabha. He was the losing candidate from Fatehpur in 1989 general election.

Allahabad Lok Sabha constituency
Allahabad is a Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituency in the Prayagraj district of Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.

Allahabad saw two MPs elected and became the prime minister. Lal Bahadur Shastri became the prime minister from 1964 to 1966. V. P. Singh was elected twice from this constituency and later went on to become the prime minister from 1989 to 1990.
Vitaliy Trush
Vitaliy Trush (born June 6, 1996, in Stryi, Lviv Oblast, Ukraine) is a former Ukrainian biathlete. He was a silver medalist in youth relay at the Biathlon Junior World Championships 2015 in Minsk. He competed at the Biathlon World Championships 2019 in Östersund, Sweden.

Trush retired from competitive international biathlon in 2022. Later he competed as a guide for visually impaired cross-country skiers, including FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2025.

Biathlon World Championships 2019
The Biathlon World Championships 2019 took place in Östersund, Sweden, from 6 to 17 March 2019.

There were a total of 12 competitions: sprint, pursuit, individual, mass start, and relay races for men and women, and two mixed relay races. The single mixed relay was on the program of the World Championships for the first time. All the events during this championships also counted for the 2018–19 Biathlon World Cup season.
2018 Samoa National League
The 2018 Samoa National League is the 28th edition of the Samoa National League, the top association football league of Samoa organised by the Football Federation Samoa. This season kicked off on 4 August 2018, and will be competed by 12 teams from the island of Upolu. The winner will qualify for the 2019 OFC Champions League.

Samoa National League
Samoa National League is an association football league in Samoa and the top division of the Football Federation Samoa. The 3,500 capacity Toleafoa JS Blatter Soccer Stadium is the sole venue of the national league.
Steven Goldmann
Steven Harvey Goldmann (August 18, 1961 – April 30, 2015) was a Canadian music video and film director. He directed over 200 music videos. Goldmann also directed the movies Broken Bridges and Trailer Park of Terror, and additionally directed several television programs. Goldmann died of cancer on April 30, 2015.

Missing (Canadian TV series)
Missing (originally titled 1-800-Missing) is a Canadian crime drama television series based on the 1-800-WHERE-R-YOU book series by Meg Cabot. The series aired on the A-Channel network and W Network in Canada, and on Lifetime in the United States from August 2003 to February 2006.

The theme song was "This Dream Is Real", performed by actress Gloria Reuben, was heard during the first season, while the second season, it was replaced with a song called "Till I Find You" performed by Kina, which was heard during the opening credits as well.
Pahardanga Union
Pahardanga Union (Bengali: পহরডাঙ্গা ইউনিয়ন) is a Union Parishad under Kalia Upazila of Narail District in Khulna Division, Bangladesh. It has an area of 49.05 km2 (18.94 sq mi) and a population of 12,653.

Khulna Division
Khulna Division (Bengali: খুলনা বিভাগ) is the second largest of the eight divisions of Bangladesh. It has an area of 22,285 km2 (8,604 sq mi) and a population of 17,416,645 at the 2022 Bangladesh census (preliminary returns). Its headquarters and largest city is Khulna city in Khulna District.
Clappia suaedifolia
Clappia suaedifolia, common name fleshy clapdaisy, is the sole species in the North American genus of flowering plants in the family Asteraceae, Clappia.

Clappia suaedifolia is native to Texas and Tamaulipas. It is a succulent, branching shrub or subshrub up to 30 cm (12 inches) tall. Flower heads are yellow, appearing one at a time, with both ray florets and disc florets.

The genus is named for Dr. Asahel Clapp, of New Albany, Indiana.

Annotations on the type specimen of Haplopappus nealleyi in the US National Herbarium, on which the genus Stanfieldia and sole species Stanfieldia nealleyi were also based, suggest that these later names may be synonyms of Clappia suaedifolia.

United States National Herbarium
The United States National Herbarium is a collection of five million preserved plant specimens housed in the Department of Botany at the National Museum of Natural History, which is part of the Smithsonian Institution. It represents about 8% of the plant collection resources of the United States and is one of the ten largest herbaria in the world.

The herbarium was founded in 1848, when the first collections were accessioned from the United States Exploring Expedition, when botanists pressed approximately 50,000 specimens, representing 10,000 species of plants. The Index Herbariorum code assigned to this herbarium is US and this abbreviation is used when citing housed specimens.
Hilaire Couvreur
Hilaire Couvreur (22 September 1924 – 17 February 1998) was a Belgian cyclist.

Couvreur was winner of the Tour du Maroc in 1953 and the Volta a la Comunitat Valenciana in 1958. He also finished third in the 1958 Vuelta a España.

He was born in Sint-Andries near Brugge in Belgium and died in Kortrijk, Belgium.

Elfstedenronde
The Elfstedenronde is a one-day road cycling race held annually in Belgium. It was held originally from 1943 until 1989, and returned in 2017 as the Bruges Cycling Classic. The race has also been called the Tour des Onze Villes and the Circuit des Onze Villes. It is part of UCI Europe Tour in category 1.1.
Unciella primula
Unciella primula is a species of moth in the family Noctuidae (the owlet moths). It was first described by William Barnes and James Halliday McDunnough in 1918 and it is found in North America.

The MONA or Hodges number for Unciella primula is 10111.

James Halliday McDunnough
James Halliday McDunnough (10 May 1877 – 23 February 1962) was a Canadian linguist, musician, and entomologist best known for his work with North American Lepidoptera, but who also made important contributions about North American Ephemeroptera.
Lost City Hydrothermal Field
The Lost City Hydrothermal Field, often referred to simply as Lost City, is an area of marine alkaline hydrothermal vents located on the Atlantis Massif at the intersection between the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the Atlantis Transform Fault, in the Atlantic Ocean. It is a long-lived site of active and inactive ultramafic-hosted serpentinization, abiotically producing many simple molecules such as methane and hydrogen which are fundamental to microbial life. As such it has generated scientific interest as a prime location for investigating the origin of life on Earth and other planets similar to it.

Alkali
In chemistry, an alkali (/ˈælkəlaɪ/ ⓘ; from the Arabic word al-qāly, القالِي) is a basic salt of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal. An alkali can also be defined as a base that dissolves in water. A solution of a soluble base has a pH greater than 7.0. The adjective alkaline, and less often, alkalescent, is commonly used in English as a synonym for basic, especially for bases soluble in water. This broad use of the term is likely to have come about because alkalis were the first bases known to obey the Arrhenius definition of a base, and they are still among the most common bases.