hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vlachs in medieval Serbia
In medieval Serbia a social group known as "Vlachs" (Serbian: Власи / Vlasi) existed. While the term Vlachs had more meaning, primarily denote the inhabitants of Aromanian origin and also dependent shepherds in the medieval Serbian state.

Stefan Dečanski
Stefan Uroš III (c. 1276 – 11 November 1331), was King of Serbia from 6 January 1322 to 8 September 1331. Dečanski was the son of King Stefan Milutin (d. 1321). He defeated two other contenders to the Serbian throne. Stefan is known as Dečanski after the great monastery of Visoki Dečani he built.
Crista galli
The crista galli (Latin: "crest of the rooster") is a wedge-shaped, vertical, midline upward continuation of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone of the skull, projecting above the cribriform plate into the cranial cavity. It serves as an attachment for the membranes surrounding the brain.

Cranial cavity
The cranial cavity, also known as intracranial space, is the space within the skull that accommodates the brain. The skull is also known as the cranium. The cranial cavity is formed by eight cranial bones known as the neurocranium that in humans includes the skull cap and forms the protective case around the brain. The remainder of the skull is the facial skeleton. The meninges are three protective membranes that surround the brain to minimize damage to the brain in the case of head trauma. Meningitis is the inflammation of meninges caused by bacterial or viral infections.
Eddie Schroeder
Edward "Eddie" Julius Schroeder (January 20, 1911 – December 1, 2005) was an American speed skater who competed at the 1932 and 1936 Winter Olympics. In 1932 he finished eighth in the 10,000 m event. Four years later he again finished eighth in the 10000 m; he also placed 12th over 1500 m and 15th over 5000 m. He was selected for the 1940 Olympic team, but the games were canceled due to World War II.

Schroeder attended Tilden High School in Chicago, and won the North American all-around title in 1934. At the world championships, he won the 10000 m event in 1933, placing third in the 5000 m. He also placed second over 5000 m in 1932 and 1936, and won the all-around bronze medal in 1936. After retiring from competitions he worked as a skating coach and prepared the national team for the 1960 Winter Olympics. He was inducted into the National Speed Skating Hall of Fame in 1968, and served as a Winter Olympics torch bearer in 1996 and 2002.

Speed skating at the 1932 Winter Olympics – Men's 10,000 metres
The 10,000 metres speed skating event was part of the speed skating at the 1932 Winter Olympics programme. The competition was held on Friday, February 5, 1932, on Saturday, February 6, 1932, and on Monday, February 8, 1932. Eighteen speed skaters from six nations competed. Like all other speed skating events at this Olympics the competition was held for the only time in pack-style format, having all competitors skate at the same time.
Special Detective Unit
The Special Detective Unit (SDU) (Irish: Aonad Speisialta Bleachtaireachta) is the main domestic security agency of the Garda Síochána, the national police force of Ireland, under the aegis of the Crime & Security Branch (CSB). It is the primary counter-terrorism and counter-espionage investigative unit within the state. The Special Detective Unit superseded the Special Branch (which they are still commonly referred to as), which itself replaced the older Criminal Investigation Department (CID), which was founded in 1921. They work in conjunction with the Irish Military Intelligence Service (IMIS) – Ireland's national intelligence service – on internal matters. The unit's headquarters are on Military Road, Kilmainham, Dublin 8.

The Emergency Response Unit (ERU), a specialist armed tactical unit, was a division of the SDU until 2017 when the Special Tactics and Operational Command took over command of the unit.

Intelligence agency
An intelligence agency is a government agency operating as a secret service responsible for the collection, analysis, and exploitation of information in support of law enforcement, national security, military, public safety, and foreign policy objectives.

Means of information gathering are both overt and covert and may include espionage, communication interception, cryptanalysis, cooperation with other institutions, and evaluation of public sources. The assembly and propagation of this information is known as intelligence analysis or intelligence assessment.
Clinical Infectious Diseases
Clinical Infectious Diseases is a peer-reviewed medical journal published by Oxford University Press covering research on the pathogenesis, clinical investigation, medical microbiology, diagnosis, immune mechanisms, and treatment of diseases caused by infectious agents. It includes articles on antimicrobial resistance, bioterrorism, emerging infections, food safety, hospital epidemiology, and HIV/AIDS. It also features highly focused brief reports, review articles, editorials, commentaries, and supplements. The journal is published on behalf of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. The editor-in-chief is infectious disease physician Paul Sax.

According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal had a 2020 impact factor of 9.079, ranking it 18th out of 162 journals in the category "Immunology", 3rd out of 92 journals in the category "Infectious Diseases" and 12th out of 137 journals in the category "Microbiology".

Bioterrorism
Bioterrorism is terrorism involving the intentional release or dissemination of biological agents. These agents include bacteria, viruses, insects, fungi, and/or their toxins, and may be in a naturally occurring or a human-modified form, in much the same way as in biological warfare. Further, modern agribusiness is vulnerable to anti-agricultural attacks by terrorists, and such attacks can seriously damage economy as well as consumer confidence. The latter destructive activity is called agrobioterrorism and is a subtype of agro-terrorism.
Panagarh–Morgram Highway
Panagarh–Morgram Highway  runs from the junction with NH 19 at Panagarh Darjeeling Mor to NH 12 at Morgram. It passes through Kanksa, Ilambazar, Hetampur, Dubrajpur, Suri, Rampurhat, Nalhati and Lohapur. It is mostly a two lane (30 feet wide) highway with a total length of 171 kilometres (106 mi). Panagarh to Suri is 71 kilometres (44 mi) and Suri to Morgram is 100 kilometres (62 mi).Panagarh to Rampurhat distance is 120Km and Morgram to Rampurhat is 35 Km The Dubrajpur-Morgram sector is part of NH 14 and the Dubrajpur-Panagarh sector is part of SH 14.

National Highway 19 (India)
National Highway 19 (NH 19) is a national highway in India. It was previously referred to as Delhi–Kolkata Road and is one of the busiest national highways in India. After renumbering of national highways, the Delhi–Agra route is now national highway 44 and the Agra–Kolkata route is numbered national highway 19. It constitutes a major portion of the Indian section of the historical Grand Trunk Road. It is also part of AH1 of Asian Highway Network, that traverses from Japan to Turkey.

It was earlier known as NH 2 (Old) before renumbering of all national highways by Ministry of Road Transport and Highways in 2010.
Doulu Zhuan
Doulu Zhuan (豆盧瑑) (died January 24, 881), courtesy name Xizhen (希真), was an official of the Chinese Tang dynasty, serving as a chancellor during the reign of Emperor Xizong. When the agrarian rebel Huang Chao captured the Tang capital Chang'an, Doulu was unable to flee; he was then executed by Huang's new state of Qi.

New Book of Tang
The New Book of Tang, generally translated as the "New History of the Tang" or "New Tang History", is a work of official history covering the Tang dynasty in ten volumes and 225 chapters. The work was compiled by a team of scholars of the Song dynasty, led by Ouyang Xiu and Song Qi.

It was originally simply called the Tangshu (唐書, Book of Tang) until the 18th century.
Abdulakh Khaybulayev
Abdulakh Tilovurovich Khaybulayev (Azerbaijani: Abdullah Tilovur oğlu Xaybulayev; Russian: Абдулах Тиловурович Хайбулаев; born on 19 August 2001) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Azerbaijan Premier League club Sabah and the Azerbaijan national team.

Azerbaijan national football team
The Azerbaijan national football team (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan milli futbol komandası) is the national football team of Azerbaijan and is controlled by Association of Football Federations of Azerbaijan. It represents Azerbaijan in international football competitions. The majority of Azerbaijan's home matches are held at the national stadium, Baku Olympic Stadium, with friendly matches sometimes hosted at club stadiums.

The Azerbaijan national football team has taken part in qualification for each major tournament since Euro 1996, but has never qualified for the finals tournament of any World Cup or European Championships. Azerbaijan was the first Caucasus country to host a major football tournament, the UEFA Euro 2020.
Eureka ITEA2 WellCom Project
The Eureka ITEA 2 WellCom was a collaborative research project running under the ITEA2 programme within the EUREKA framework. It was launched in April 2007 and ended in October 2009. The WellCom consortium was composed of 15 European organizations including Large companies, SMEs, research institutes and universities. The research effort is supported in part by the different European Public Authorities involved in the project.

Research institute
A research institute, research centre, or research organization is an establishment founded for doing research. Research institutes may specialize in basic research or may be oriented to applied research. Although the term often implies natural science research, there are also many research institutes in the social science as well, especially for sociological and historical research purposes.
Stan Bharti
Stan Bharti is a Canadian businessman, born and raised in the Punjab Region of India, who founded the merchant bank Forbes & Manhattan.

He started his own management and engineering consulting firm, BLM Inc., in 1988, and became the president of William Resources, which bought the Bjorkdal gold mine in Sweden and the Jacobina gold mine in Brazil. In 2002 Bharti established Forbes & Manhattan. He purchased mines from floundering companies, developed them and sold them. Since 2002, Forbes & Manhattan has developed companies almost exclusively in the mining sector.

In November, 2011, Bharti donated $10M to Laurentian University, where he gave lectures when he was a mining engineer in Sudbury. In exchange the engineering school was renamed the Bharti School of Engineering.

Laurentian University
Laurentian University (French: Université Laurentienne), officially Laurentian University of Sudbury, is a mid-sized bilingual public university in Greater Sudbury, Ontario, Canada, incorporated on March 28, 1960. Laurentian offers a variety of undergraduate, graduate-level, and doctorate degrees. Laurentian is the largest bilingual provider of distance education in Canada. The university was formerly federated with Thorneloe University, Huntington University, and the University of Sudbury.  Laurentian severed the federation during 2021 insolvency proceedings, ending 60-year relationships, and triggering lawsuits.
Japanese aircraft carrier Un'yō
Un'yō (雲鷹, Cloud Hawk) was a Taiyō-class escort carrier originally built as Yawata Maru (八幡丸), one of three Nitta Maru-class cargo liners built in Japan during the late 1930s. She was transferred to the Imperial Japanese Navy (IJN) during the Pacific War, renamed, and was converted into an escort carrier in 1942. The ship spent most of her service ferrying aircraft, cargo and passengers to various bases in the Pacific. Un'yō was badly damaged by an American submarine in early 1944. After repairs were completed in June, the ship resumed transporting aircraft and cargo. During a return voyage from Singapore in September, she was sunk by the submarine USS Barb.

Cargo liner
A cargo liner, also known as a passenger-cargo ship or passenger-cargoman, is a type of merchant ship which carries general cargo and often passengers.

They became common just after the middle of the 19th century, and eventually gave way to container ships and other more specialized carriers in the latter half of the 20th century.
Robert B. Talisse
Robert B. Talisse (born 1970) is an American philosopher and political theorist. He is currently Professor of Philosophy and former Chair of the Philosophy Department at Vanderbilt University in Nashville, Tennessee, where he is also a Professor of Political Science. Talisse is a former editor of the academic journal Public Affairs Quarterly, and a regular contributor to the blog 3 Quarks Daily, where he posts a monthly column with his frequent co-author and fellow Vanderbilt philosopher Scott Aikin. He earned his PhD in Philosophy from the Graduate Center of the City University of New York in 2001.  His principal area of research is political philosophy, with an emphasis on democratic theory and liberalism.

Pragmatism
Pragmatism is a philosophical tradition that views language and thought as tools for prediction, problem solving, and action, rather than describing, representing, or mirroring reality. Pragmatists contend that most philosophical topics—such as the nature of knowledge, language, concepts, meaning, belief, and science—are best viewed in terms of their practical uses and successes.

Pragmatism began in the United States in the 1870s. Its origins are often attributed to philosophers Charles Sanders Peirce, William James and John Dewey. In 1878, Peirce described it in his pragmatic maxim: "Consider the practical effects of the objects of your conception. Then, your conception of those effects is the whole of your conception of the object."
Reference ecosystem
A reference ecosystem, also known as an ecological reference, is a "community of organisms able to act as a model or benchmark for restoration." Reference ecosystems usually include remnant natural areas that have not been degraded by human activities such as agriculture, logging, development, fire suppression, or non-native species invasion. Reference ecosystems are ideally complete with natural flora, fauna, abiotic elements,  ecological functions, processes, and successional states. Multiple reference ecosystems may be pieced together to form the model upon which an ecological restoration project may be based.

Land development
Land development is the alteration of landscape in any number of ways, such as:

Changing landforms from a natural or semi-natural state for a purpose such as agriculture or housing

Subdividing real estate into lots, typically for the purpose of building homes

Real estate development or changing its purpose, for example by converting an unused factory complex into a condominium
Gibbonsdown
Gibbonsdown, colloquially known as 'Gibby', is a residential area and electoral ward situated in the north east of Barry in the Vale of Glamorgan, Wales. Gibbonsdown borders Merthyr Dyfan to the northwest and Cadoxton to the southeast.

Vale of Glamorgan
The Vale of Glamorgan (Welsh: Bro Morgannwg [ˈbroː mɔrˈɡanʊɡ]), locally referred to as The Vale, is a county borough in the south-east of Wales. It borders Bridgend County Borough to the west, Cardiff to the east, Rhondda Cynon Taf to the north, and the Bristol Channel to the south. With an economy based largely on agriculture and chemicals, it is the southernmost unitary authority in Wales. Attractions include Barry Island Pleasure Park, the Barry Tourist Railway, Medieval wall paintings in St Cadoc's Church, Llancarfan, Porthkerry Park, St Donat's Castle, Cosmeston Lakes Country Park and Cosmeston Medieval Village. The largest town is Barry. Other towns include Penarth, Llantwit Major, and Cowbridge. There are many villages in the county borough.
Adgate
Adgate is a surname. People with this surname include:

Andrew Adgate (died 1793), American musician and author

Asa Adgate (1767–1832), American iron manufacturer and congressman

Cary Adgate (born 1953), American skier

Chester Adgate Congdon (1853–1916), American lawyer and businessman

Andrew Adgate
Andrew Adgate (22 March 1762 in Norwich, Connecticut – 30 September 1793 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) was a musician, music director, and author from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

He is noted for founding the Institution for Encouragement of Church Music in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1784, which became the Free School for Spreading the Knowledge of Vocal Music the following year.  He directed choral concerts in Philadelphia from 1785 through 1793, performing both European and American works.  He also founded the Uranian Academy in 1787.
I, Q
I, Q is a 1999 Star Trek novel by John de Lancie and Peter David. Set in the Star Trek: The Next Generation fictional universe, the novel depicts Q joining forces with Captain Jean-Luc Picard and Lieutenant Commander Data to save his wife and son and avert the end of the universe. It is the first novel to explore Q's parenthood. De Lancie, who played Q on several Star Trek television series, was the only Next Generation actor to write a novel based on his character.

Jean-Luc Picard
Captain Jean-Luc Picard is a fictional character in the Star Trek franchise, most often seen as the commanding officer of the Federation starship USS Enterprise (NCC-1701-D). Played by Patrick Stewart, Picard has appeared in the television series Star Trek: The Next Generation (TNG) and the premiere episode of Star Trek: Deep Space Nine, as well as the feature films Star Trek Generations (1994), Star Trek: First Contact (1996), Star Trek: Insurrection (1998), and Star Trek: Nemesis (2002). He is also featured as the central character in the show Star Trek: Picard (2020–2023).
Freddie Mwila
Freddie Mwila (born 6 July 1946) is a Zambian former association football player and coach. Rated as one of the country's greatest players and coaches, he featured for Rhokana United and was one of the first Zambians to play professional football abroad when he joined American side Atlanta Chiefs in 1967. Mwila also played for Aston Villa in England and made an impact as a coach, leading Power Dynamos to the 1991 African Cup Winners' Cup and coached several other club sides as well as the Zambia and Botswana national teams.

Power Dynamos F.C.
Power Dynamos Football Club is a Zambian professional football club based in Kitwe that plays in the MTN/FAZ Super Division. They play their home games at Arthur Davies Stadium in Kitwe.

The club is currently sponsored by Copperbelt Energy Corporation.

Power Dynamos' main rivals are Nkana FC and Zesco United FC. Games involving Power Dynamos and any of these two clubs are always well-attended by the soccer fans.

In 1991, Power Dynamos became the first southern African club, and so far, the only Zambian club, to win a continental trophy after they won the African Cup Winners' Cup.
Asianet Comedy Awards
Asianet Comedy Awards is an award ceremony for Malayalam television and films presented by Asianet, a Malayalam-language television network from the south-Indian state of Kerala. The awards are given for the actors who made excellence in the comical roles. The awards are normally presented annually and held in Adlux International Convention Center Angamaly.
Meera and Jewel Mary hosted the show in 2015 & 2016.Pearle Maaney and Meera hosted the show in 2017.

Varnyathil Aashanka
Varnyathil Aashanka (transl. Confusion in description) is a 2017 Indian Malayalam-language heist comedy film directed by Sidharth Bharathan, written by Thrissur Gopalji and produced by Ashiq Usman. It stars Kunchacko Boban, Suraj Venjaramoodu, Chemban Vinod Jose, Shine Tom Chacko, Manikandan R. Achari and Rachana Narayanankutty. The film was released on 4 August 2017 across Kerala and received positive from critics.
Atlantic Undersea Test and Evaluation Center
The United States Navy's Atlantic Undersea Test and Evaluation Center (AUTEC) is a laboratory that performs integrated three-dimensional hydrospace/aerospace trajectory measurements covering the entire spectrum of undersea simulated warfare – calibration, classifications, detection, and destruction. Its mission is to assist in establishing and maintaining naval ability of the United States through testing, evaluation, and underwater research.

Aerospace
Aerospace refers to the technology and industry involved with the atmosphere and outer space collectively. Aerospace activity is very diverse, with a multitude of commercial, industrial, and military applications. Aerospace engineering consists of aeronautics and astronautics. Aerospace organizations research, design, manufacture, operate, maintain, and repair both aircraft and spacecraft.

The border between space and the atmosphere has been proposed as 100 kilometres (62.1 mi) above the ground according to the physical explanation that the air density is too low for a lifting body to generate meaningful lift force without exceeding orbital velocity. This border has been called the Kármán line.
Diameter (computational geometry)
In computational geometry, the diameter of a finite set of points or of a polygon is its diameter as a set, the largest distance between any two points. The diameter is always attained by two points of the convex hull of the input. A trivial brute-force search can be used to find the diameter of  points in time  (assuming constant-time distance evaluations) but faster algorithms are possible for points in low dimensions.

Finite set
In mathematics, a finite set is a collection of finitely many different things; the things are called elements or members of the set and are typically mathematical objects, such as numbers, symbols, points in space, lines, other geometric shapes, variables, or other sets.

Informally, a finite set is a set which one could in principle count and finish counting.  For example,

is a finite set with five elements. The number of elements of a finite set is a natural number (possibly zero) and is called the cardinality (or the cardinal number) of the set. A set that is not a finite set is called an infinite set. For example, the set 

of all positive integers is infinite.

Finite sets are particularly important in combinatorics, the mathematical study of counting. Many arguments involving finite sets rely on the pigeonhole principle, which states that there cannot exist an injective function from a larger finite set to a smaller finite set.
Sterculia stigmarota
Sterculia stigmarota is a plant, belonging to the genus Sterculia and the family Malvaceae (previously the Sterculiaceae, now relegated to a subfamily).  This species is found only in southern Vietnam (where it is known as bảy thưa muốm quay) and there are no subspecies listed in the Catalogue of Life.

Malvaceae
Malvaceae (/mælˈveɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), or the mallows, is a family of flowering plants estimated to contain 244 genera with 4225 known species. Well-known members of economic importance include cacao, cola, cotton, okra, roselle and durian. There are also some genera containing familiar ornamentals, such as Alcea (hollyhock), Malva (mallow), and Tilia (lime or linden tree). The genera with the largest numbers of species include Hibiscus (434 species), Pavonia (291 species), Sida (275 species), Ayenia (216 species), Dombeya (197 species), and Sterculia (181 species).