hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
İzmir Atatürk Stadium
İzmir Atatürk Stadium (Turkish: İzmir Atatürk Stadyumu) is a multi-purpose stadium in İzmir, Turkey. It was named after the Turkish statesman Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. It is currently used mostly for football matches and occasionally for track and field events. The stadium holds 51,295 people. It was opened in October 1971, and most recently refurbished in 2005. İzmir football teams Altay S.K. and Karşıyaka S.K. occasionally use the stadium for high attendance matches. İzmir Atatürk Stadium's running track has ten lanes.

The stadium hosted the 1971 Mediterranean Games, the Islamic Games in 1980 and the 2005 Summer Universiade. The stadium also hosted the Fortis Turkey Cup Final in 2009 in which Beşiktaş beat Fenerbahçe 4-2 to win the cup for the 8th time.

Singer Michael Jackson planned to perform at the stadium on October 7, 1992 on his Dangerous World Tour, but this show was cancelled due to illness.

Running track
An all-weather running track is a rubberized, artificial running surface for track and field athletics. It provides a consistent surface for competitors to test their athletic ability unencumbered by adverse weather conditions. Historically, various forms of dirt, rocks, sand, and crushed cinders were used. Many examples of these varieties of track still exist worldwide.
Alan Cope
Alan Charles Cope (born 17 July 1988) is an English cricketer. Cope is a right-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium pace. He was born in Guildford, Surrey and was educated at Cranleigh School.

While studying for his degree at Loughborough University, Cope made his first-class debut for Loughborough UCCE against Warwickshire in 2008. Injuries hampered Cope, with him missing the entire 2009 season. Returning from injury for the 2010 season, he was named captain of Loughborough MCCU (as it was now called following a renaming). He made two further first-class appearances in 2010, against Kent and Yorkshire. In his three first-class matches, he scored 84 runs at an average of 16.80, with a high score of 51.

Seam bowling
Seam bowling is a bowling technique in cricket, in which the ball is deliberately bowled to hit the ground on its seam, to cause a random deviation when it bounces. A bowler who uses this technique is called a seam bowler or seamer.

Seam bowling is a form of fast bowling, although seam can also be a factor in medium-pace bowling. Although there are specialist seamers that make deliberate use of off cutter and leg cutter at the expense of bowling slower than regular fast bowlers, most bowlers employ the seam to some effect and so the terms "seamer" and "fast bowler" are largely synonymous. This was far less the case in the past, even the recent past. Bowlers such as Tom Cartwright and Derek Shackleton bowled seamers at a pace in the low 70mphs and were very successful due to their mastery of control and variation.
Vingboons
Vingboons is a Dutch surname. It usually refers to one of the following three sons of David Vinckboons (1576-c.1632), Dutch painter:

Johannes Vingboons (c.1616-1670), Dutch cartographer and watercolourist

Justus Vingboons (c.1620-c.1698), Dutch architect

Philips Vingboons (c.1607-1678), Dutch architect

Justus Vingboons
Justus Vingboons (or Vinckboons, Vinckeboons) (c. 1620 – c. 1698) was an Amsterdam architect. He was the brother of the better-known architect Philips Vingboons.  Like his brother, Justus built in the "Dutch Classicism" style.
Loch Garbhaig, Letterewe Forest
Loch Garbhaig is a small remote shallow freshwater loch that lies underneath the northern cliffs of the mountain Slioch and is located between Loch Maree and Lochan Fada in Wester Ross in the Northwest Highlands of Scotland. Loch Garbhaig drains into Loch Maree through River Abhainn na Fùirneis.

Northwest Highlands
57°30′N 5°0′W﻿ / ﻿57.500°N 5.000°W﻿ / 57.500; -5.000
The Northwest Highlands are located in the northern third of Scotland that is separated from the Grampian Mountains by the Great Glen (Glen More). The region comprises Wester Ross, Assynt, Sutherland and part of Caithness. The Caledonian Canal, which extends from Loch Linnhe in the south-west, via Loch Ness to the Moray Firth in the north-east splits this area from the rest of the country. The city of Inverness and the town of Fort William serve as gateways to the region from the south.
Tickner
Tickner is a topographic surname of English origin for someone who lived at a crossroad or a fork in the road.

Notable people with the surname include:

Blair Tickner (born 1993), cricketer

Charles Tickner (born 1953), figure skater

Frank Tickner (born 1983), British cross country runner

French Tickner (1930–2021), American-Canadian voice actor

George Tickner (born 1946), musician

J. Ann Tickner, academic

Lisa Tickner, British art historian

Robert Tickner (born 1951), politician

Royston Tickner (1922–1997), actor

T. F. Tickner (1864–1924), British architect

English name
English names are personal names used in, or originating in, England.
In England, as elsewhere in the English-speaking world, a complete name usually consists of one or more given names, commonly referred to as first names, and a (most commonly patrilineal, rarely matrilineal) family name or surname, also referred to as a last name. The given names after the first are often referred to as middle names.
Hampton Falls River
The Hampton Falls River is a 5.6-mile-long (9.0 km) river in southeastern New Hampshire in the United States. Its lower reaches are tidal, as part of the Hampton salt marsh close to the Atlantic Ocean.

The river rises in the southeast corner of Kensington and travels east into Seabrook. The river approximately follows the boundary between Seabrook and Hampton Falls, crossing it three times. It passes Weares Mill and eventually heads northeast into Hampton Falls. Approaching the town center, it passes through the chain of three Dodge Ponds, dropping 10 feet (3 m) over the "Hampton Falls" before entering the final one. Crossing under U.S. Route 1, the river enters the Hampton salt marsh, where it ends at the Hampton River.

Tidal river
A tidal river is a river whose flow and level are caused by tides. A section of a larger river affected by the tides is a tidal reach, but it may sometimes be considered a tidal river if it had been given a separate and another title name.

Generally, tidal rivers are short rivers with relatively low discharge rates but high overall discharge, which generally implies a shallow river with a large coastal mouth. In some cases, high tides impound downstream flowing freshwater, reversing the flow and increasing the water level of the lower section of river, forming large estuaries. High tides can be noticed as far as 100 kilometres (62 mi) upstream. Oregon's Coquille River is one such stream for which that effect can be noticed.
Nordic combined at the 2010 Winter Olympics – Individual normal hill/10 km
The men's individual normal hill/10 km Nordic combined competition for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, Canada, was held at Whistler Olympic Park in Whistler, British Columbia, on 14 February.

Germany's Georg Hettich was the defending Olympic champion when the event was known as the 15 km Individual Gundersen, but did not compete in this event. Todd Lodwick of the United States was the defending world champion in this event and would finish fourth in the Olympic event. The last World Cup event prior to the 2010 Games in this format took place on 31 January 2010 in Seefeld, Austria, and was won by Austria's Mario Stecher who would finish seventh. Seefeld was where the Nordic Combined events took place for both the 1964 and the 1976 Winter Olympics, held in neighboring Innsbruck, took place.

Georg Hettich
Georg Hettich (born 12 October 1978 in Furtwangen im Schwarzwald, Baden-Württemberg) is a Nordic combined skier and Olympic medalist from Germany.

Hettich was a surprise winner of the 15 km individual event at the 2006 Winter Olympics. At the 2002 Winter Olympics, he won a silver medal in the 4 x 5 km team event and repeated this in 2006. With his bronze in the 7.5 km sprint contest in 2006, he completed his medal collection.

Hettich also won silver medals at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships in the 4 x 5 km team event both in 2003 and 2005.
Haldane principle
In British research policy, the Haldane principle is the idea that decisions about what to spend research funds on should be made by researchers rather than politicians. It is named after Richard Burdon Haldane, who in 1904 and from 1909 to 1918 chaired committees and commissions which recommended this policy, which has evolved over time since then.

The 1904 committee recommended the creation of the University Grants Committee which has evolved via the Universities Funding Council into the current higher education funding councils: UK Research and Innovation, Scottish Funding Council and Medr.

Haldane's idea arose in 1918 and was adhered to for several decades. However it was not formally defined until 1964 by Quintin Hogg MP. It was legally enacted in 2017.

Universities Funding Council
The Universities Funding Council (UFC) was a UK body established under the Education Reform Act 1988 replacing the University Grants Committee. It distributed funds provided by central government to universities for the provision of education and the undertaking of research.

It was wound up by the Further and Higher Education Act 1992 which replaced its function by the Higher Education Funding Council for England, the Higher Education Funding Council for Wales and the Scottish Higher Education Funding Council (now the Scottish Funding Council).

The decision of the Universities Funding Council (as it then was), published on the 17th December 1992, to place the University of London's Institute of Dental Surgery at level 2 in its assessment of the quality of institutional research, was challenged by judicial review in the case of R. v. Universities Funding Council ex parte The Institute of Dental Surgery in 1993.
Philippe-Isidore Picot de Lapeyrouse
Philippe-Isidore Picot de Lapeyrouse or  La Peirouse, Baron de Lapeyrouse (20 October 1744 in Toulouse – 18 October 1818 in château de Lapeyrouse, Haute-Garonne) was a French naturalist.

He was particularly interested in the flora and fauna of the Pyrenees. After the revolution, he became the first professor of natural history in Toulouse and his collections, from 1796,  were housed in the former Carmelite Monastery of Toulouse which went on to become the Muséum de l'Histoire Naturelle de Toulouse.

In 1782 he was elected a foreign member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. In 1800 he was mayor of Toulouse.

The genus Lapeirousia in the family Iridaceae was named after him by his friend Pierre André Pourret, and not, as is sometimes erroneously stated, after the French mariner, Jean-François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse.

Jean-François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse
Chef d'escadre Jean François de Galaup, comte de Lapérouse (French: [lapeʁuz]; 23 August 1741 – c. 1788) was a French Navy officer and explorer. Having enlisted in the Navy at the age of 15, he had a successful career and in 1785 was appointed to lead a scientific expedition around the world. His ships stopped in Chile, Hawaii, Alaska, California, Macau, the Philippines, Korea, Russia, Japan, Samoa, Tonga, and Australia before wrecking on the reefs of Vanikoro in the Solomon Islands.
Recife Metro
The Recife Metro (Portuguese: Metrô do Recife, Metrorec) is a rapid transit system serving the Metropolitan Region of Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil. It is operated by the federally-owned Companhia Brasileira de Trens Urbanos (CBTU) and currently serves 29 stations, along 39.5 kilometers (24.5 mi) of track. The system is complemented by two diesel-powered light rail lines with seven additional stations. In 2018, the combined system carried 102,089,000 passengers.

Overhead line
An overhead line or overhead wire is an electrical cable that is used to transmit electrical energy to electric locomotives, electric multiple units, trolleybuses or trams. The generic term used by the International Union of Railways for the technology is overhead line. It is known variously as overhead catenary, overhead contact line (OCL), overhead contact system (OCS), overhead equipment (OHE), overhead line equipment (OLE or OHLE), overhead lines (OHL), overhead wiring (OHW), traction wire, and trolley wire.

An overhead line consists of one or more wires (or rails, particularly in tunnels) situated over rail tracks, raised to a high electrical potential by connection to feeder stations at regularly spaced intervals along the track. The feeder stations are usually fed from a high-voltage electrical grid.
Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park
The Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park (Urdu: قائدِ اعظم سولر پارک) is a photovoltaic power station in Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan, named in honor of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the Founder of Pakistan. It is a 400 MW solar facility spanning an area of 8 km2 and hosting 1.6 million solar modules. The initial phase of the project was constructed by the Government of Punjab through a 100% owned subsidiary QA Solar in May 2015 at a cost of $131 million. On 5 May 2015, the then Prime Minister of Pakistan Nawaz Sharif inaugurated the first 100 MW project and dedicated it to the nation. Subsequent expansion was done in public-private partnership with Appolo Solar Development Pakistan Limited, Best Green Energy Pakistan Limited and Crest Energy Pakistan Limited each installing a 100 MW unit. The next phase of 100 MW will be installed by Zorlu Solar Pakistan (Pvt.) Limited, making it a 500 MW facility. Total planned capacity of the solar park is 1,000 MW.

Auditor General of Pakistan
The Auditor General of Pakistan (Urdu: محاسبِ اعلٰی پاکستان) is a government organization and the prime and supreme audit institution (SAI) in the country for ensuring public accountability and fiscal transparency and oversight in governmental operations. The organization is expected to bring improvements in the financial discipline and internal control environment in the executive departments for minimizing the possibility of waste and fraud.
The End of Andrew Harrison
The End of Andrew Harrison is a 1938 detective novel by Freeman Wills Crofts. It is the seventeenth in his series of novels featuring Inspector French, a Scotland Yard detective  of the Golden Age known for his methodical technique. The title character closely resembles Sigsbee Manderson, the murder victim of E.C. Bentley's celebrated 1913 novel Trent's Last Case.

Trent's Last Case (novel)
Trent's Last Case is a detective novel written by E. C. Bentley and first published in 1913. Despite the title, it is in fact the first work in which its central character, the artist and amateur detective Philip Trent, appears: he subsequently reappeared in the novel Trent's Own Case (1936), and the short-story collection Trent Intervenes (1938).

The novel is a whodunit with a place in detective fiction history because it is the first major send-up of that genre. Not only does Trent fall in love with one of the primary suspects – usually considered off-limits – he also, after painstakingly collecting all the evidence, draws all the wrong conclusions.

The novel was published as The Woman in Black in the United States, later in 1913.
Azelastine
Azelastine, sold under the brand name Astelin among others, is a H1 receptor-blocking medication primarily used as a nasal spray to treat allergic rhinitis (hay fever) and as eye drops for allergic conjunctivitis. Other uses may include asthma and skin rashes for which it is taken by mouth. Onset of effects is within minutes when used in the eyes and within an hour when used in the nose. Effects last for up to 12 hours.

Common side effects include headache, sleepiness, change in taste, and sore throat. It is unclear if use is safe during pregnancy or breastfeeding. It is a second-generation antihistamine and works by blocking the release of a number of inflammatory mediators including histamine.

Azelastine was patented in 1971 and came into medical use in 1986. It is available as a generic medication. In 2023, it was the 142nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 3 million prescriptions.

Rash
A rash is a change of the skin that affects its color, appearance, or texture.

A rash may be localized in one part of the body, or affect all the skin. Rashes may cause the skin to change color, itch, become warm, bumpy, chapped, dry, cracked or blistered, swell, and may be painful.
The causes, and therefore treatments for rashes, vary widely. Diagnosis must take into account such things as the appearance of the rash, other symptoms, what the patient may have been exposed to, occupation, and occurrence in family members. The diagnosis may confirm any number of conditions.
The presence of a rash may aid diagnosis; associated signs and symptoms are diagnostic of certain diseases. For example, the rash in measles is an erythematous, morbilliform, maculopapular rash that begins a few days after the fever starts. It classically starts at the head, and spreads downwards.
Baragama
Baragama is a village in mahaveer Tehsil, Karauli district, Rajasthan, India, and forms a part of Bharatpur Division. It is located 34 km (21 mi) north of the district headquarters at Karauli, 7 km (4.3 mi) from Hindaun and 131 km (81 mi) from the state capital at Jaipur.

Karauli
Karauli (also formerly spelled Karoli or Karaulee) is a city located in the Indian state of Rajasthan. The city was formerly named Kalyanpuri. It is located in the Braj region and holds religious importance in Hinduism. The city is the administrative center of Karauli District and was formerly the capital of the erstwhile princely state of Karauli. Karauli District comes under Bharatpur Divisional Commissionerate.
Miles O'Brien (journalist)
Miles O'Brien (born June 9, 1959) is an independent American broadcast news journalist specializing in science, technology, and aerospace who has been serving as national science correspondent for PBS NewsHour since 2010.

Frontline (American TV program)
Frontline (stylized in all capital letters) is an investigative documentary program distributed by the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) in the United States. Episodes are produced at WGBH in Boston, Massachusetts. The series has covered a variety of domestic and international issues, including terrorism, elections, environmental disasters, and other sociopolitical issues. Since its debut in 1983, Frontline has aired in the U.S. for 42 seasons, and has won critical acclaim and awards in broadcast journalism. Frontline has produced over 800 documentaries from both in-house and independent filmmakers, 200 of which are available online.
Harmandüzü, Kızıltepe
Harmandüzü (Kurdish: Mewîjo) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Kızıltepe, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Kîkan tribe and had a population of 308 in 2021.

Mardin Province
Mardin Province (Turkish: Mardin ili; Kurdish: Parêzgeha Mêrdîn; Arabic: محافظة ماردين; Classical Syriac: ܡܪܕܝܢ ܗܘܦܪܟܝܐ) is a province and metropolitan municipality in Turkey. Its area is 8,780 km2, and its population is 870,374 (2022). The largest city in the province is Kızıltepe, while the capital Mardin is the second largest city.
Forget and Forgive (play)
Forget and Forgive is a comedy play by the British writer James Kenney. It premiered at the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane in London on 21 November 1827. The original cast included Henry John Wallack as Charles Sydney, John Liston as Rumbold, John Cooper as Cameron, William Bennett as Sir Gregory Ogle, Maria Rebecca Davison as Lady Ratcliffe and Ellen Kean as Georgiana. Originally of five acts it was later shortened to three. It was revived under the title Frolics in France in 1828.

Henry John Wallack
Henry John Wallack (1790 – 30 August 1870) was a British actor, stage manager, and brother of actor James William Wallack.

Wallack was born in London. Wallack's parents were comedians, who performed at the London minor playhouses and in the British provinces.

He worked in the United States, making his debut at the Anthony Street Theatre on 9 May 1821. In America he was received as Hamlet, Sir Peter Teazle, Sir Anthony Absolute, and many other parts.

He appeared at Drury Lane on 26 October 1829 as Julius Caesar to his brother's Mark Antony. Subsequently, he was stage-manager at Covent Garden. He played the title role in Sheridan's Pizarro, Lord Lovell in A New Way to pay Old Debts, O'Donnell in Henri Quatre, Buckingham in Henry VIII, and other parts, and was on 28 November 1829 the first Major O'Simper in Follies of Fashion, by the Earl of Glengall.
Laban Ayiro
Professor Laban Ayiro is a Kenyan academic, currently serving as the Vice Chancellor of Daystar University, a Christian, liberal arts university based in Nairobi, the capital and largest city of Kenya.

From September 2016 until March 2018, he was in acting capacity, the Vice Chancellor of Moi University, a public university, whose main campus is located in Kesses, Uasin Gishu County.

Daystar University
Daystar University is a private Christian liberal arts university in Nairobi.

Daystar's original campus is close to Nairobi city centre, but there was no room to expand at that location.  Therefore, in 1992 a new campus was  built at Athi River, some 40 km to the south-east of the city,  5km off Mombasa Road which became the main campus.
Adani (surname)
Adani is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Abukar Umar Adani, Somalian businessman

Amos Adani (born 1946), Italian footballer

Daniele Adani (born 1974), Italian footballer

David ben Amram Adani (14th-century CE), Yemenite Jewish scholar

Dror Adani, Israeli criminal

Gautam Adani (born 1962), Indian businessman

Laura Adani (1913–1996), Italian actress

Mariella Adani (born 1934), Italian opera singer

Priti Adani (born 1965), Indian philanthropist and chairwoman of Adani Foundation, wife of Gautam Adani

Ratubhai Adani, Indian politician

Usayd al-Adani (died 2017), senior leader of Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula

David ben Amram Adani
David ben Amram Adani (14th-century CE) was a Yemenite Jewish scholar renowned for his authorship of Midrash HaGadol, a collection of homiletical expositions drawn from ancient rabbinic sources. Adani is believed to have descended from a line of prominent Jewish leaders in Aden, as he is referred to in one ancient source as "David b. Amram, the nagid from the city of Aden." Nagid is a title borne by the leader of the Jewish community of Aden from the 12th century.
New Gloucester, Maine
New Gloucester is a town in Cumberland County, Maine,  United States. New Gloucester is included in the Lewiston-Auburn, Maine metropolitan New England city and town area. It is home to the Sabbathday Lake Shaker Village, the last active Shaker village in the U.S.  The town's population was 5,676 at the 2020 census.

New Gloucester is part of Maine's Portland-South Portland-Biddeford metropolitan area.

Lewiston–Auburn
Lewiston–Auburn (L–A) are twin cities in Androscoggin County, Maine, USA. Together, they have a population of 61,182 in a combined 101 square miles (260 km2). The cities are commonly called "Cities of the Androscoggin," as they are seated along the banks of the Androscoggin River which separates them. They share infrastructure and transportation, such as the Lewiston-Auburn CityLink, the Lewiston and Auburn Railroad Company and the Auburn/Lewiston Municipal Airport. They also form the Lewiston-Auburn Metropolitan Statistical Area, which encompasses Androscoggin County. The Lewiston–Auburn Economic Growth Council has been promoting the cities as one community for decades in its campaign to promote growth in industry and business.