hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edmund Greenwood
Edmund Wilson Greenwood (21 September 1881 – 7 September 1948) was an Australian politician.

Greenwood was born in Campbelltown in Tasmania to Methodist minister Henry Greenwood and Caroline Jane Tuckfield. The family moved to Victoria around 1890, and Greenwood became an office boy and from 1897 a farm labourer. He suffered an accident in 1902 and returned to Melbourne, becoming a commercial traveller. From 1904 he ran a tent manufacturing firm, which eventually expanded to become a large softgoods warehouse. On 6 February 1906 he married Myra Frances Burchett, with whom he had seven children.

In 1917 Greenwood was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for Boroondara; he was considered a Nationalist, but never sought formal party endorsement. He continued in the Assembly, transferring to Nunawading in April 1927, until he retired to allow Robert Menzies to run for a lower house seat in 1929. Greenwood died in Richmond in 1948.

Nationalist Party (Australia)
The Nationalist Party, also known as the National Party, was an Australian political party. It was formed in February 1917 from a merger between the Liberal Party and the National Labor Party, the latter formed by Prime Minister Billy Hughes and his supporters after the 1916 Labor Party split over World War I conscription. The Nationalist Party was established as a 'united' non-Labor opposition that had remained a political trend once the Labor party established itself in federal politics. The party  was in government (from 1923 in coalition with the Country Party) until electoral defeat in 1929. From that time it was the main opposition to the Labor Party until it merged with pro-Joseph Lyons Labor defectors to form the United Australia Party (UAP) in 1931. The party is a direct ancestor of the Liberal Party of Australia, the main centre-right party in Australia.
Shinsengumi (1969 film)
Shinsengumi (新撰組; AKA Shinsengumi: Assassins of Honor or Band of Assassins) is a 1969 Japanese jidaigeki film.

The true story of the end of the Shogunate, the tragedy of the Shinsengumi is one of the best loved stories of Japanese history and has been adapted many times on stage, screen, television, and anime. This film, starring Toshiro Mifune with an all-star cast, stands out as one of the definitive adaptations of this classic tale.

Kondō Isami
Kondō Isami (近藤 勇; November 9, 1834 – May 17, 1868) was a Japanese swordsman and samurai of the late Edo period. He was the fourth generation master of Tennen Rishin-ryū and was famed for his role as commander of the Shinsengumi.
Empaako
Empaako (Tooro pronunciation: [empáːko], Nyoro pronunciation: [empâːko], sg.: empaako), also known as praise names or pet names, is a pet name which affirms one's social ties; it may be used as a greeting, a declaration of affection, respect, honour or love.

Empaako is a naming system practiced among the Banyoro, Batooro, Batuku, Batagwenda, and Banyabindi peoples of Uganda as well as the Bahema of Eastern D.R. Congo by which children are given a name. They were introduced after the Biito clan conquered the Empire of Kitara, and are nowadays used as a respectful and endearing way to refer to someone in conversation, separate from individual given names and surnames. Empaako is included on the UNESCO list of intangible world heritage requiring emergency safeguarding.

Nyoro people
The Nyoro people (Abanyoro, [aβaɲôɾo]), also known as Banyoro, are a Bantu ethnic group native to the kingdom of Bunyoro in Uganda. They live in settlements on a well-watered and fertile plateau. Banyoro are closely related to other Bantu peoples of the region, namely the Batooro, Banyankole, Bakiga and the Bahema peoples.
Galloway Roll
The Galloway Roll is an English roll of arms dating from the reign of King Edward I of England, drawn up during his Scottish campaign of 1300, containing 259 coats with blazons. It does not include the Earl of Warenne's division nor the king and his son.

English invasion of Scotland (1300)
The English invasion of Scotland of 1300 was a military campaign undertaken by Edward I of England to continue gains from the 1298 invasion, in retaliation of the Scots recapture of Stirling Castle in 1299 and the revolt in Annandale, Nithsdale and Galloway against English rule.

A Scottish force was defeated at the Battle on the Cree in August 1300. Edward I hampered by food shortages, political infighting and funds was able to reinforce his garrisons and castles in Annandale, Nithsdale and Galloway, but was only able to reach Stirling, before returning to England.
1991 The Winston
The 1991 edition of The Winston was a stock car racing competition that took place on May 19, 1991. Held at Charlotte Motor Speedway in Concord, North Carolina, the 70-lap race was an exhibition race in the 1991 NASCAR Winston Cup Series. Davey Allison of Robert Yates Racing won the pole and led all 70 caution-free laps to win the race and collect a total purse of US$325,000.

Yates Racing
Yates Racing was an American stock car racing team that competed in NASCAR through the 2009 season, after which it merged into Richard Petty Motorsports. Previously known as Robert Yates Racing, the team was owned by Doug Yates, who has officially owned the team since his father Robert's retirement on December 1, 2007. The Yates family owned the team since purchasing it from Harry Ranier and J. T. Lundy in October 1988.

The team was noted for its strong engine program and its success on superspeedways.  Throughout most of its history, the team fielded Ford cars numbered 28, 38 and 88, although in its final season it fielded the number 98.
Thierry Noir
Thierry Noir (French pronunciation: [tjɛʁi nwaʁ]; born 1958) is a French artist and muralist based in Berlin. He is considered the first artist to paint the Berlin Wall in the 1980s. He created brightly-colored paintings across large spans of the Berlin Wall and some of these original paintings can still be seen on surviving segments of the Wall in art collections and on the East Side Gallery. Noir's work and style are now considered iconic, and Noir is also regarded as one of the forerunners of the street art movement as a whole. He continues to create murals worldwide in cities including London, Los Angeles, and Sydney.

Wende Museum
The Wende is an art museum, archive, and cultural center in Culver City, California. It focuses on the history and material culture of dissident movements, civil society, and human rights advocacy in the late 20th century. Founded in 2002, the museum preserves and provides public access to cultural materials documenting nonconformist networks and resistance movements, including Solidarity in Poland and Jewish life and activism in the Soviet Union.  Its exhibitions and public programs address connections between history, art, wellness, and community engagement.
Allotrope Foundation
The Allotrope Foundation is a consortium of pharmaceutical companies, instrument vendors and software companies to simplify the exchange of scientific electronic data. It publishes the Allotrope Foundation Ontology (AFO) which is a controlled vocabulary to structure data, the Allotrope Data Models (ADM) and the Allotrope Data Format (ADF) based on HDF5 which incorporates those for use in practice. Standardization aims at the goal of FAIR data.

FAIR data
FAIR data is data which meets the FAIR principles of findability, accessibility, interoperability, and reusability (FAIR). The acronym and principles were defined in a March 2016 paper in the journal Scientific Data by a consortium of scientists and organizations.

The FAIR principles emphasize machine-actionability (i.e., the capacity of computational systems to find, access, interoperate, and reuse data with none or minimal human intervention) because humans increasingly rely on computational support to deal with data as a result of the increase in the volume, complexity, and rate of production of data.

The abbreviation FAIR/O data is sometimes used to indicate that the dataset or database in question complies with the FAIR principles and also carries an explicit data‑capable open license.
Deudorix diocles
Deudorix diocles, the orange-barred playboy, is a butterfly of the family Lycaenidae. It is found in Mozambique, from Zimbabwe to Zaïre and in Uganda, Kenya and South Africa. In South Africa it is found along the east coast from the Eastern Cape to KwaZulu-Natal, then north along the foothills of the escarpment to Mpumalanga and Limpopo.

The wingspan is 26–36 mm for males and 29–41 mm for females. Adults are on wing year-round with peaks in September and March.

The larvae feed on the fruits and seeds of a wide range of plants, including Bauhinia galpinii, Millettia species (including M. caffra, M. sutherlandii, M. grandis), Caesalpinia pulcherrima, Baphia species (including B. racemosa), Acacia, Bauhinia, Caesalpinia, Schotia, Macadamia, Prunus, Combretum and Syzygium.

Millettia
Millettia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It consists of about 169 species of shrubs, lianas or trees, which are native to tropical and subtropical regions of sub-Saharan Africa, the Indian subcontinent, Indochina, southern China, Malesia, and New Guinea. Typical habitats include tropical rain forest and seasonally-dry lowland and upland forest and forest margins, woodland, thicket, wooded grassland, and secondary vegetation.
Dada Maheshvarananda
Dada Maheshvarananda (born May 11, 1953) is a yogic monk, activist, writer and the founder of the Prout Research Institute of Venezuela.

Since becoming a monk in Ananda Marga, Maheshvarananda has taught meditation, yoga and the Progressive Utilization Theory (PROUT) globally.

Progressive utilization theory
The Progressive utilization theory (PROUT) is a socioeconomic and political philosophy created by the Indian philosopher and spiritual leader Prabhat Ranjan Sarkar. He first conceived of PROUT in 1959. Its proponents (Proutists) claim that it exposes and overcomes the limitations of capitalism, communism and mixed economy. Since its genesis, PROUT has had an economically progressive approach, aiming to improve social development in the world. It is in line with Sarkar's Neohumanist values which aim to provide "proper care" to every being on the planet, including humans, animals and plants.

PROUT has not been implemented in any part of the world, though there are a number of books and articles on the subject.
Live for Speed
Live for Speed (LFS) is a racing simulator developed by a three-person team comprising Scawen Roberts, Eric Bailey, and Victor van Vlaardingen with its latest release in 2025. The main focus is to provide a realistic racing experience for the online multiplayer game and to allow single player races against AI cars. Users can set personal bests which can then be uploaded to LFSWorld in hotlap mode, and take driving lessons in 'training' mode.

LFS is entirely distributed via the Internet. It can be downloaded and installed for free from the official website, but unlocking all of the content (and some features) requires purchasing a license. Without a license it functions as a content-limited demo without time restrictions, with only one track and three cars available.

Rockingham Motor Speedway
Rockingham Motor Speedway was a motorsport racing venue in Rockingham, Northamptonshire, England, United Kingdom, near the town of Corby. It hosted professional and club races, as well as testing, track days, driver training, exhibitions and conferences. It claimed to be Europe's fastest racing circuit, and was the first banked oval constructed in Britain since the closure of Brooklands in 1939.

The venue entered administration in 2017 and hosted its final motor race in November 2018. In 2021, the facility was purchased by Constellation Automotive for £80 million.
Edward Robinson (Canadian politician)
Edward Robinson (born 1828 - January 3, 1888) was an Ontario lawyer and political figure. He represented Kent West in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario as a Liberal member from 1879 to 1883.

He was born in County Roscommon, Ireland in 1829 and educated at Trinity College in Dublin. He came to Toronto in 1854 as head of the mathematics department of the Toronto Grammar School. Robinson later articled in law, was admitted as an attorney in 1863 and became a partner of Walter McCrea at Chatham. In 1864, he married Charlotte Miller.

Chatham-Kent
Chatham-Kent (2021 population: 103,988) is a single-tier municipality in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. It is mostly rural, and its population centres are Chatham, Wallaceburg, Tilbury, Blenheim, Ridgetown, Wheatley and Dresden. The current Municipality of Chatham-Kent was created in 1998 by the amalgamation of Blenheim, Bothwell, Camden, the City of Chatham, the Township of Chatham, Dover, Dresden, Erie Beach, Erieau, Harwich, Highgate, Howard, Orford, Raleigh, Ridgetown, Romney, Thamesville, Tilbury East, Tilbury, Wallaceburg, Wheatley and Zone.

The Chatham-Kent census division, which includes the independent Delaware Nation at Moraviantown First Nation, had a population of 104,316 in the 2021 census.
Divine coincidence
In economics, divine coincidence refers to the property of New Keynesian models that there is no trade-off between the stabilization of inflation and the stabilization of the welfare-relevant output gap (the gap between actual output and potential output) for central banks. This property is attributed to a feature of the model, namely the absence of real imperfections such as real wage rigidities. Conversely, if New Keynesian models are extended to account for these real imperfections, divine coincidence disappears and central banks again face a trade-off between inflation and output gap stabilization. The definition of divine coincidence is usually attributed to the seminal article by Olivier Blanchard and Jordi Galí in 2007.

Olivier Blanchard
Olivier Jean Blanchard (French: [blɑ̃ʃaʁ]; born 27 December 1948) is a French economist and professor. He is Robert M. Solow Professor Emeritus of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Professor of Economics at the Paris School of Economics, and as the C. Fred Bergsten Senior Fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics.
Dirk Brouwer (architect)
Dirk Brouwer (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈdɪr(ə)ɡ ˈbrʌu.ər]; November 23, 
1899 in Alkmaar – November 17, 1941 in Overveen) was a Dutch architect. His father was a concierge at  a local technical school.

After three years of studies Dirk Brouwer learned from various architects and attended a course for Higher Architectural Education in Amsterdam.

His buildings were designed according to the Amsterdam School and he cooperated with Willem Marinus Dudok, a notable assertor of Modernism, thus Brouwer's style was influenced. In 1938 he designed the backside and possibly also the dome light of the Bijenkorf department store in Amsterdam. He also built the HEMA store in Heerlen.

In World War II he joined the resistance and the editors of the illegal magazine Vrij Nederland. He was therefore executed by German troops in the dunes near Overveen in 1941.

De Bijenkorf
De Bijenkorf (Dutch pronunciation: [də ˈbɛi.ə(ŋ)kɔr(ə)f]; literally, "the beehive") is a chain of high-end department stores in the Netherlands, with its flagship store on Dam Square in Amsterdam. The chain is owned by Selfridges Group, owner also of Britain's Selfridges and Ireland's Brown Thomas and Arnotts.

It was a member of the International Association of Department Stores from 1929 to 2012, with various CEOs acting as president of the Association.
Verona Porta Vescovo railway station
Verona Porta Vescovo (Italian: Stazione di Verona Porta Vescovo) is a railway station serving the city of Verona, in the region of Veneto, northern Italy. The station opened in 1847 and is located on the Milan–Venice railway. The train services are operated by  Trenitalia.

Porta Vescovo is the lesser of the two stations that serve Verona. It lies outside the 19th-century Habsburg city fortifications, a short distance from the eponymous city gate and a thirty-minute walk from the city centre. At one time, the station served the important military garrison and it was the major railway station for Verona. This changed as Porta Nuova station, south of the city was opened (in 1913) and developed into a major hub.

The station has a magazine stall and cafe, from where tickets are issued.

Regions of Italy
The regions of Italy (Italian: regioni d'Italia) are the first-level administrative divisions of the Italian Republic, constituting its second NUTS administrative level. There are twenty regions, five of which are autonomous regions with special status. Under the Constitution of Italy, each region is an autonomous entity with defined powers. With the exception of the Aosta Valley (since 1945) and Friuli-Venezia Giulia (since 2015), each region is divided into a number of provinces.
Gene Englund
Gene Eniar Englund (October 21, 1917 – November 5, 1995) was an American professional basketball player. He played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for one season, 1949–50, and split the season playing for the Boston Celtics and Tri-Cities Blackhawks. Although he played professionally, Englund is best remembered for being a star college basketball player for Wisconsin, where as a senior in 1940–41 he led the Badgers to win the NCAA national championship.

1941 NCAA basketball tournament
The 1941 NCAA basketball tournament involved eight schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men's NCAA college basketball. The 3rd annual edition of the tournament began on March 21, 1941, and ended with the championship game on March 29, at the Municipal Auditorium in Kansas City, Missouri. A total of nine games were played, including a third place game in both regions.

Wisconsin, coached by Bud Foster, won the national title with a 39–34 victory in the final over Washington State, coached by Jack Friel. John Kotz of Wisconsin was named the tournament's Most Outstanding Player.
Gaiella
Gaiella occulta is a rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus Gaiella which has been isolated from deep mineral water in Portugal. It is gram-negative staining, aerobic and chemoorganotrophic bacteria. G. occulta has an optimal growth temperature of 35 – 37°C and a PH for optimum growth between 6.5 and 7.5.

Primary nutritional groups
Primary nutritional groups are groups of organisms, divided according to the sources of energy, electrons, and carbon needed for living, growth, and reproduction. The sources of energy can be light or chemical compounds, the source of electrons can be organic or inorganic, and the sources of carbon can also be of organic or inorganic origin..

The terms aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, and fermentation (substrate-level phosphorylation) do not refer to primary nutritional groups, but simply reflect the different use of possible electron acceptors in particular organisms, such as O2 in aerobic respiration, nitrate (NO−3) or sulfate (SO2−4) in anaerobic respiration, or various metabolic intermediates in fermentation.
Dhupguri railway station
Dhupguri Railway Station is one of the major railway station between New Jalpaiguri & New Cooch Behar which serves the city of Dhupguri in Jalpaiguri district of West Bengal. The station lies on the New Jalpaiguri–New Bongaigaon section of Barauni–Guwahati line of Northeast Frontier Railway. The station lies on Alipurduar railway division.

Jalpaiguri district
Jalpaiguri district (Bengali pronunciation: [dʒɔlpaːiːguɽiː]) is a district of the Indian state of West Bengal. The district was established in 1869 during British Raj. The headquarters of the district are in the city of Jalpaiguri, which is also the divisional headquarters of Jalpaiguri division.
1991 DFB-Supercup final
The 1991 DFB-Supercup Final decided the winner of the 1991 edition of the DFB-Supercup, a football competition contested by the winners of the previous season's West German league and cup winners, along with the East German league and cup champions.

The match was played at the Niedersachsenstadion in Hanover, and contested by both West German teams, league champions 1. FC Kaiserslautern and cup winners Werder Bremen. Kaiserslautern won the match 3–1 for their first title.

1990–91 DFB-Pokal
The 1990–91 DFB-Pokal was the 48th season of the annual German football cup competition. 64 teams competed in the tournament of six rounds. It began on 4 August 1990 and ended on 22 June 1991. After the semi-finals both had to be replayed after draws in the first games the final went into extra time, too. Eventually Werder Bremen defeated FC Köln 4–3 on penalties to take their second title.
Emanation of the state
Emanation of the state is a term used in European law to describe any body which provides a public service under the control of government. The term was defined by the European Court of Justice (ECJ) in 1990, in the case of Foster, A and others v. British Gas plc. The ECJ's ruling defines the term as:

A body, whatever its legal form, which has been made responsible, pursuant to a measure adopted by the state, for providing a public service under the control of the state and has for that purpose special powers beyond that which result from the normal rules applicable in relations between individuals.

The term is most obviously used to describe public sector employers, such as the police, fire service, local government bodies or schools.

Fire department
A fire department (North American English) or fire brigade (Commonwealth English), also known as a fire company, fire authority, fire district, fire and rescue, fire force, or fire service in some areas, is an organization that provides fire prevention and fire suppression services as well as other rescue services.

Fire departments are most commonly a public sector organization that operate within a municipality, county, state, nation, or special district. Private and specialist firefighting organizations also exist, such as those for aircraft rescue and firefighting.

A fire department contains one or more fire stations within its boundaries, and may be staffed by firefighters, who may be professional, volunteers, conscripts, or on-call. Combination fire departments employ a mix of professional and volunteer firefighters. In some countries, fire departments may also run an ambulance service, staffed by volunteer or professional EMS personnel.
Djawa Tengah
Djawa Tengah (Malay: Central Java, known in Chinese as 壟川中央爪哇日報 Lǒngchuān Zhōngyāng Zhǎowā Rìbào) was a major Malay-language peranakan Chinese (Chinese Indonesian) daily newspaper in Semarang, Dutch East Indies from 1909 to 1938. It is said to have been the first Chinese newspaper in Semarang.

Kapitan Cina
Kapitan Cina (lit. 'Captain of the Chinese'; Chinese: 華人甲必丹; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hôa-jîn Kap-pit-tan; pinyin: Huárén Jiǎbìdān; Dutch: Kapitein der Chinezen; Spanish: Capitán Chino), was a high-ranking government position in the civil administration of colonial Indonesia, Malaya, Singapore, Borneo and the Philippines. Office holders exercised varying degrees of power and influence: from near-sovereign political and legal jurisdiction over local Chinese communities, to ceremonial precedence for community leaders. Corresponding posts existed for other ethnic groups, such as Kapitan Arab and Kapitan Keling for the local Arab and Indian communities respectively.