hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fotu La
Fotu La (Hindi: fōtu lā) or Fatu La is a mountain pass on the Srinagar-Leh highway in the Zanskar Range of the Himalayas in India. At an elevation of 4,108 metres (13,478 ft), it is the highest point on the highway, surpassing the famed Zoji La.

Fotu La is one of two high mountain passes between Leh and Kargil, the other being Namika La.

Moving eastwards, the highway begins to descend towards the Lamayuru after Fotu La. There is a Prasar Bharati television relay station serving Lamayuru located on the pass.

Lamayouro
Lamayouro (also known as Lamayuru) is a village in the Leh district of Ladakh, India. The Lamayuru Monastery is located nearby. It is located in the Khalsi tehsil. The region is also referred to as ‘Moon Land’, due to its terrain's resemblance to the surface of the Moon.
Common year starting on Sunday
A common year starting on Sunday is any non-leap year (i.e. a year with 365 days) that begins on Sunday, 1 January, and ends on Sunday, 31 December. Its dominical letter hence is A. The most recent year of such kind was 2023, and the next one will be 2034 in the Gregorian calendar, or, likewise, 2018 and 2029 in the obsolete Julian calendar, see below for more.

Any common year that starts on a Sunday has two Friday the 13ths: those two in this common year occur in January and October.

This year has four months (January, April, July and October) which begin on a weekend-day.

Father's Day
Father's Day is a day set aside for honoring one's father, as well as fatherhood, paternal bonds, and the influence of fathers in society. "Father's Day" complements similar celebrations honoring family members, such as Mother's Day and, in some countries, Siblings Day, and Grandparents' Day. The day is held on various dates across the world, and different regions maintain their own traditions of honoring fatherhood.

In Catholic countries of Europe, it has been celebrated on 19 March as Saint Joseph's Day since the Middle Ages. In the United States, Father's Day was founded in the state of Washington by Sonora Smart Dodd in 1910. Father's Day is a recognized public holiday in Lithuania and some parts of Spain and was regarded as such in Italy until 1977. It is a national holiday in Samoa, and equivalently in South Korea, where it is celebrated as Parents' Day.
Kya Aap Paanchvi Pass Se Tez Hain?
Kya Aap Paanchvi Pass Se Tez Hain? (transl. Are You Smarter Than Someone Who Passed the Fifth Grade?) is a game show hosted by leading Bollywood actor Shahrukh Khan. It is the Indian version of the popular American game show, Are You Smarter than a 5th Grader?, created by Mark Burnett, and was telecast on Indian Television channel STAR Plus. The show premiered on 25 April 2008 and the last episode was telecast on 27 July 2008 with Lalu Prasad Yadav as the special guest. The top prize was ₹5 crore (equivalent to ₹14 crore or US$1.6 million in 2023).

The Indian series was licensed by Bulldog Media & Entertainment.

StarPlus
StarPlus is an Indian Hindi-language general entertainment pay television channel owned by JioStar, a joint venture between Reliance Industries, Viacom18 and Disney India. Its programming consists of family dramas, romantic comedies, youth-oriented reality shows, shows on crime and television films.
Geladaindong Peak
Geladaindong Peak (also spelled Geladandong,  Geladaintong or Kolha Dardong) is a snow-covered mountain (or massif) located in Southwestern Qinghai Province of China near the border of Tibet Autonomous Region. It is the tallest mountain in the Tanggula Mountain Range of the Tibetan Plateau with an elevation of 6,621 metres (21,722 ft) above sea level. The traditional source of the Yangtze River, begins with glaciers on its surface. The Yangtze's longest source, however, lies 365 km (227 mi) away at the head of the Dam Qu River.

The mountain's name is Geladaindong in the Tibetan language. The name in Chinese is 各拉丹冬 (Pinyin: Gèlādāndōng) or 各拉丹冬峰 (Pinyin: Gèlādāndōng Fēng, literally "Geladandong Peak").

Lhasa Tibetan
Lhasa Tibetan or Standard Tibetan is a standardized dialect of Tibetan spoken by the people of Lhasa, the capital of the Tibetan Autonomous Region. It is an official language of the Tibet Autonomous Region.

In the traditional "three-branched" classification of the Tibetic languages, the Lhasa dialect belongs to the Central Tibetan branch (the other two being Khams Tibetan and Amdo Tibetan). In terms of mutual intelligibility, speakers of Khams Tibetan are able to communicate at a basic level with Lhasa Tibetan, while Amdo speakers cannot. Both Lhasa Tibetan and Khams Tibetan evolved to become tonal and do not preserve the word-initial consonant clusters, which makes them very far from Classical Tibetan, especially when compared to the more conservative Amdo Tibetan.
Scalar electrodynamics
In theoretical physics, scalar electrodynamics is a theory of a U(1) gauge field coupled to a charged spin 0 scalar field that takes the place of the Dirac fermions in "ordinary" quantum electrodynamics. The scalar field is charged, and with an appropriate potential, it has the capacity to break the gauge symmetry via the Abelian Higgs mechanism.

Scalar field
In mathematics and physics, a scalar field is a function associating a single number to each point in a region of space – possibly physical space. The scalar may either be a pure mathematical number (dimensionless) or a scalar physical quantity (with units).

In a physical context, scalar fields are required to be independent of the choice of reference frame. That is, any two observers using the same units will agree on the value of the scalar field at the same absolute point in space (or spacetime) regardless of their respective points of origin.  Examples used in physics include the temperature distribution throughout space, the pressure distribution in a fluid, and spin-zero quantum fields, such as the Higgs field.  These fields are the subject of scalar field theory.
A. Narayanaswamy
Abbaiah Narayanaswamy is an Indian politician. He was Minister of State for Social Justice and Empowerment of India in the Second Modi ministry from 7 July 2021 to 11 June 2024. He is also a member of the Lok Sabha, lower house of the Parliament of India from Chitradurga, Karnataka as a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. It became a controversy when he was denied entry into village of Pemmanahalli Gollarahatti in Pavagada taluk of Tumakuru district in his own constituency as he belongs to Madiga  (Dalit) community.

Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment is a Government of India ministry. It is responsible for welfare, social justice and empowerment of disadvantaged and marginalised sections of society, including scheduled castes (SC), Other Backward Classes (OBC), LGBT people, the disabled, the elderly, and the victims of drug abuse. It also helps in the enforcement of legislation with regards to these marginalized groups to better enforce anti-discrimination policies.

The Minister of Social Justice and Empowerment holds cabinet rank as a member of the Council of Ministers. The current minister is Virendra Kumar, who is assisted by two ministers of state, Ramdas Athawale and B. L. Verma.
1932 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship
The 1932 All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship was the fifth staging of the All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1928.

Kilkenny entered the championship as the defending champions.

On 2 October 1932 Tipperary won the championship following an 8–6 to 5–1 defeat of Kilkenny in the All-Ireland final. This was their second All-Ireland title.

1931 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The 1931 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship was the 45th staging of the All-Ireland hurling championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1887. The championship began on 10 May 1931 and ended on 1 November 1931.

Tipperary were the defending champions, however, they were defeated in the provincial series of games. Cork won the title following a 5–8 to 3–4 victory over Kilkenny in a second replay of the final.
Car crash of Marika Gombitová
Marika Gombitová (born September 12, 1956, in Turany nad Ondavou, Czechoslovakia) is a Slovak singer-songwriter who began her career as a female vocalist in the band Modus in the late 1970s.

Besides gaining fame for her subsequent solo career, she also became known as the victim of a single-vehicle collision on December 1, 1980, alleged to have been caused by reckless driving by Andrea B. Although she survived, Gombitová sustained irreparable injuries to her backbone and spinal cord and, as a result, is paralyzed from the 7th vertebral notch downwards, and was hence reliant on a wheelchair. After a six-month recovery, the physically disabled artist returned to the spotlight, achieving new top rankings on the music charts and even touring again.

Few details of the Gombitová's car crash and its subsequent investigation have been made public and, therefore, the circumstances of the issue remain the subject of controversy.

Physical disability
A physical disability is a limitation on a person's physical functioning, mobility, dexterity or stamina. Other physical disabilities include impairments which limit other facets of daily living, such as respiratory disorders, blindness, epilepsy and sleep disorders.
Thorfinn Islands
Thorfinn Islands is a group of small islands lying about 8 km (5 mi) off the Mawson Coast of Mac. Robertson Land in Antarctica, between Campbell Head and Cape Simpson. Mapped by Norwegian cartographers from air photos taken by the Lars Christensen Expedition, 1936–37, and named by them, apparently after the Norwegian whale catcher Thorfinn.

Cape Simpson
Cape Simpson is a high rocky bluff at the north end of Ufs Island, forming the east side of the entrance to Howard Bay.

Discovered in February 1931 by the British Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition (BANZARE) under Mawson. He named it for A. A. Simpson of the Royal Geographical Society of Australasia, who helped finance Mawson's Antarctic expeditions.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Cape Simpson". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
Water police
Water police, also called bay constables, coastal police, harbor patrols, marine/maritime police/patrol, nautical patrols, port police, or river police are a specialty law enforcement portion of a larger police organization, who patrol in water craft. Their patrol areas may include coastal tidal waters, rivers, estuaries, harbors, lakes, canals or a combination of these.

Santa Barbara County, California
Santa Barbara County, officially the County of Santa Barbara (Spanish: Condado de Santa Bárbara), is a county located in Southern California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 448,229. The county seat is Santa Barbara, and the largest city is Santa Maria.

Santa Barbara County comprises the Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area. Most of the county is part of the California Central Coast. Mainstays of the county's economy include engineering, resource extraction (particularly petroleum extraction and diatomaceous earth mining), winemaking, agriculture, and education. The software development and tourism industries are important employers in the southern part of the county.
Eugène Mage
Eugène Abdon Mage (30 July 1837 – 19 December 1869) was a French naval officer and explorer of Africa. Mage published the first detailed description of the Toucouleur Empire created by El Hadj Umar Tall.

Omar Saidou Tall
Hadji Oumarûl Foutiyou Tall (ʿUmar ibn Saʿīd al-Fūtī Ṭaʿl, Arabic: حاج عمر بن سعيد الفوتي طعل, c. 1794 – 1864 CE), born in Futa Tooro, present-day Senegal, was a Senegalese Tijani sufi Toucouleur Islamic scholar and military commander who founded the short-lived Tukulor Empire, which encompassed much of what is now Senegal, Mauritania, Guinea and Mali.
Tryavna Peak
Tryavna Peak (Bulgarian: връх Трявна, romanized: vrah Tryavna, IPA: [ˈvrɤx ˈtrʲavnɐ]) is a peak rising to 300 m in the Delchev Ridge of the Tangra Mountains of eastern Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.  The peak surmounts Sopot Ice Piedmont to the north and northwest. The feature is named after the Bulgarian town of Tryavna.

Sopot Ice Piedmont
Sopot Ice Piedmont (Bulgarian: ледник Сопот, romanized: lednik Sopot, IPA: [ˈlɛdnik ˈsɔpot]) is an ice piedmont situated on Burgas Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica, northeast of Iskar Glacier and north of Ropotamo, Strandzha and Pautalia Glaciers. It extends 7.5 km in east–west direction and 2.4 km in south–north direction, drains the northern slopes of Delchev Ridge east of Delchev Peak and Ghiaurov Peak, and flows northward into Moon Bay between Rila Point to the west and Malyovitsa Crag near Renier Point to the east.

The glacier is named after the Bulgarian town of Sopot.
Iron Bridge Airport
Iron Bridge Airport (IATA: IBM, ICAO: YIBO) is a private aerodrome serving the Iron Bridge Mine near Marble Bar in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. The airport handles fly-in fly-out charter flights for mine personnel. It might typically see 2 flights a day.

Marble Bar, Western Australia
Marble Bar is a town and rock formation in the Pilbara region of north-western Western Australia. It was the social centre of European settlers in the Pilbara region during the early 1900s, predating the construction of other towns now established.

The town is additionally noted for its extremely hot climate, having a mean maximum temperature second in Australia only to Wyndham.

It has also been noted for some palaeontological findings in its surroundings. Fossilised stromatolites found nearby (one of the earliest forms of life on Earth) have been dated to the Paleoarchean era approximately 3.5 billion years ago.
2020–21 East Carolina Pirates men's basketball team
The 2020–21 East Carolina Pirates men's basketball team represented East Carolina University during the 2020–21 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Pirates were led by third year head coach, Joe Dooley, who previously coached the Pirates from 1995 to 1999, and played their home games at Williams Arena at Minges Coliseum as seventh-year members of the American Athletic Conference. They finished the season 8–11, 2–10 in AAC Play to finish in last place. They lost in the first round of the AAC tournament to UCF.

2020–21 American Athletic Conference men's basketball season
The 2020–21 American Athletic Conference men's basketball season is scheduled to begin with practices in October 2020, followed by the start of the 2020–21 NCAA Division I men's basketball season in November 2020. Conference play will begin in December and conclude with the 2021 American Athletic Conference men's basketball tournament at Dickies Arena in Fort Worth, Texas. With UConn's departure on July 1, 2020, the American is back at 11 teams. For the 2020-21 Season due to COVID-19 pandemic  The scheduling format was changed to a 20-game, double round-robin conference schedules. Conference play in men's basketball will began with three windows for games in December (Dec. 14–17, Dec. 21-23 and Dec. 28–31).
Gerhard Plankensteiner
Gerhard Plankensteiner (born 8 April 1971 in Sterzing, South Tyrol) is an Italian former luger who competed from 1986 to 2010. Together with Oswald Haselrieder he won the bronze medal in the men's doubles event at the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin.

Plankensteiner also won six medals at the FIL World Luge Championships with two golds (Men's doubles: 2009, Mixed team: 1989) and four bronzes (Men's doubles: 1996, Mixed team: 1991, 1996, 1997). At the FIL European Luge Championships, he won six medals with one silver (Men's doubles: 1996) and five bronzes (Men's doubles: 2002, 2008 (tied with Germany); Mixed team: 1996, 2000, 2008).

Plankensteiner's best overall Luge World Cup finish was second in men's doubles in 1996-97.

FIL World Luge Championships
The FIL World Luge Championships, part of the International Luge Federation (FIL) have taken place on an almost annual basis in non-Winter Olympics years since 1955. These championships are shown for artificial tracks. See FIL World Luge Natural Track Championships for all natural track events that have taken place since 1979.
Jerry LeVias
Jerry LeVias (born September 5, 1946) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the American Football League (AFL) and National Football League (NFL).  He played college football for the SMU Mustangs.  He played professionally in the AFL with the Houston Oilers and in the NFL with the Oilers and the San Diego Chargers.  LeVias was the first African American scholarship athlete and second African American football player in the Southwest Conference.

Athletic scholarship
An athletic scholarship is a form of scholarship to attend a college or university or a private high school awarded to an individual based predominantly on their ability to play in a sport. Athletic scholarships are common in the United States and to a certain extent in Canada, but in the vast majority of countries in the world they are rare or non-existent.
Todd House (Plantersville, Alabama)
The Todd House, also known as the Todd-Biscoe House, is a historic house in Plantersville, Alabama, United States.  The 1+1⁄2-story Carpenter Gothic cottage was built from 1867 to 1868 for Dr. Samuel G. Todd, the first dentist in Plantersville.  Carpenter Gothic houses are relatively rare in Alabama.  Architectural historians consider this example to be a good representation of the house designs advocated by Richard Upjohn and Alexander Jackson Davis.

The Todd family sold the property in 1916 to Salliegeo D. Lawrence.  Henry E. Biscoe purchased it from the Lawrence family in 1959.  It was added to National Register of Historic Places on January 29, 1987, as a part of the Plantersville Multiple Resource Area.

Plantersville, Alabama
Plantersville is an unincorporated community in Dallas County, Alabama, United States.  It lies near the county's border with Autauga and Chilton counties. Plantersville was named for the local cotton planters and plantations.  The town is home to Dallas County High School and J. E. Terry Elementary School.
Yahya ibn Surur
Yahya ibn Surur ibn Musa‘id (Arabic: يحيى بن سرور بن مساعد, romanized: Yaḥyá ibn Surūr ibn Musā‘id; died c. 1838) was a sharif of the Zayd clan who served as Sharif and Emir of Mecca from 1813 to 1827.

Muhammad Ali Pasha appointed Yahya to replace his uncle Sharif Ghalib ibn Musa'id in late Dhi al-Qi'dah 1228 AH (November 1813). The imperial firman (proclamation) and khil'ah (robe of honor) were sent from Istanbul, dated Rabi al-Awwal 1229 AH (February/March 1814).

He was deposed by Muhammad Ali in Dhi al-Qi'dah 1242 AH (May/June 1827). He settled in Cairo with his family and died in 1254 AH (1838/1839).

Firman
A firman (Persian: فرمان, romanized: farmān; Turkish: ferman), at the constitutional level, was a royal mandate or decree issued by a sovereign in an Islamic state. During various periods such firmans were collected and applied as traditional bodies of law. The English word firman comes from the Persian farmān meaning "decree" or "order".
Luz (missile)
The RAFAEL Luz (Hebrew: לוז, Hazelnut) was the first missile built in Israel. RAFAEL developed the missile using knowledge gained from the French MD-620 missile which was built for the Israel Defense Forces by Avions Marcel Dassault-Breguet Aviation. Originally intended to have three versions – surface-to-surface, air-to-ground and anti-ship, technical problems and budget cuts forced Rafael to produce the surface-to-surface and air-to-ground versions alone, although they never saw operational service.

Anti-ship missile
An anti-ship missile (AShM or ASM) is a guided missile that is designed for use against ships and large boats. Most anti-ship missiles are of the sea-skimming variety, and many use a combination of inertial guidance and active radar homing. A large number of other anti-ship missiles use infrared homing to follow the heat that is emitted by a ship; it is also possible for anti-ship missiles to be guided by radio command all the way.

Many anti-ship missiles can be launched from a variety of weapons systems including surface warships (also referred to as ship-to-ship missiles), submarines, bombers, fighter planes, patrol planes, helicopters, shore batteries, land vehicles, and, conceivably, even infantrymen firing shoulder-launched missiles. The term surface-to-surface missile (SSM) is used when appropriate. The longer-range anti-ship missiles are often called anti-ship cruise missiles. Several countries  are also developing anti-ship ballistic missiles.
Goodbye Lover
Goodbye Lover is a 1998 neo-noir comedy film about a murder plot surrounding an alcoholic advertising agency worker and his adulterous wife. The film was directed by Roland Joffé, and stars Patricia Arquette, Dermot Mulroney, Don Johnson, Ellen DeGeneres and Mary-Louise Parker. The original script was written by Ron Peer; subsequent drafts were written by Robert Pucci, then Buck Henry.

The film premiered at the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, before being released theatrically in April 1999. Following its premiere, reshoots were done in Beverly Hills, and the climax was changed. This would be the last Regency Enterprises film to be released by Warner Bros. Pictures until the 2006 film The Fountain (before Regency signed a distribution deal with 20th Century Fox).

Roland Joffé
Roland Joffé (/ˈdʒɒfeɪ/; born 17 November 1945) is an English film and television director, producer and screenwriter. He is known for directing the critically-acclaimed films The Killing Fields (1984) and The Mission (1986), both of which earned him Academy Award nominations for Best Director, and the latter winning the Palme d'Or at the 1986 Cannes Film Festival.

Joffé began his career in television, his early credits including episodes of Coronation Street and an adaptation of The Stars Look Down for Granada. He gained a reputation for hard-hitting political stories with the series Bill Brand and factual dramas for Play for Today. In the late 1980s, he co-founded the production company Lightmotive with Ben Myron.
Rural Municipality of Stuartburn
Stuartburn is a rural municipality (RM) located in the Eastman Region of Manitoba, Canada. It had a population of 1,629 according to the Canada 2006 Census.

The municipality is named after the Ukrainian-Canadian village of Stuartburn within the RM, supposedly named for an early settler called William H. Stuart.

2006 Canadian census
The 2006 Canadian census was a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population. Census day was May 16, 2006. The following census was the 2011 census. Canada's total population enumerated by the 2006 census was 31,612,897. This count was lower than the official July 1, 2006 population estimate of 32,623,490 people. The previous census was the 2001 census and the following census was in 2011 census.
Dobra Mahadev Temple
Dobra Mahadev Temple (Hindi: डोबरा महादेव मन्दिर, romanized: Dobara Mahaadev Mandir) is a Hindi temple located in Bundi, a town in Rajasthan, India. Dedicated to Shiva, it holds great cultural importance for the local community and attracts thousands of visitors.

Devanagari transliteration
Devanagari transliteration is the process of representing text written in Devanagari script—an Indic script used for Classical Sanskrit and many other Indic languages—in the Latin script, preserving pronunciation and spelling conventions. There are several methods of transliteration from Devanagari to the Latin script (i.e., romanisation), including the IAST notation. Romanised Devanagari is also called Romanagari.