hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tarih-i Üngürüs
The Tarih-i Üngürüs (Ottoman Turkish: تاريخ انكروس, romanized: Târîḫ-i Üngürûs, lit. 'The History of the Hungarians') is a 16th-century Ottoman Turkish chronicle treating the history of the Hungarians. Its author Mahmud Tercüman translated it from a Latin chronicle found after the siege of Székesfehérvár in 1543. According to the scientific point of view, this work was a late 15th-century chronicle, Johannes de Thurocz's Chronica Hungarorum. Since it provides different information on Hungarian prehistory compared to the Hungarian chronicles on several points, there is also a fringe theory according to which the author found and translated the lost Urgesta or "ancient gesta", the earliest chronicle of the Hungarians.

Ottoman Turkish alphabet
The Ottoman Turkish alphabet (Ottoman Turkish: الفبا, romanized: elifbâ) is a version of the Perso-Arabic script used to write Ottoman Turkish for over 600 years until 1928, when it was replaced by the Latin-based modern Turkish alphabet.

Though Ottoman Turkish was primarily written in this script, non-Muslim Ottoman subjects sometimes wrote it in other scripts, including Armenian, Greek, Latin and Hebrew alphabets.
Rosner
Rosner is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Arnold Rosner (1945–2013), American composer

Eddie Rosner (1910–1976), Polish jazz musician

Fred Rosner (21st century), American physician

Heinz Rosner (born 1939), motorcycle road racer

Henry J. Rosner (1909–1982), American policy researcher

Mina Rosner (1913–1997), Canadian writer

Richard G. Rosner

Rick Rosner (born 1941), American television writer

Robert Rosner (21st century), American astrophysicist

Shmuel Rosner (21st century), Israeli journalist

Simon Rösner (21st century), German squash player

Eddie Rosner
Adolf Rosner (26 May, 1910 – 8 August, 1976), known professionally as Ady Rosner and Eddie Rosner, was a German, Polish and Soviet jazz trumpeter, bandleader, and composer. Known as the White Louis Armstrong, he was one of the most outstanding jazz trumpeters of his generation.

Rosner played a central role in the development of jazz in Poland during the 1930s, promoting it as a modern art form rather than merely dance music. During World War II, he led one of the most successful jazz orchestras in the Soviet Union with official state approval. Despite his wartime prominence, Rosner was arrested in the late 1940s and spent several years in the Gulag. After his release, he resumed performing and recording but never regained his former international standing.
David Silveria
David Randall Silveria (born September 21, 1972) is an American musician, best known as the original drummer for nu metal band Korn from 1993 until leaving the band in 2006. He then became the drummer for Infinika, which was formed in 2012 and disbanded in 2015.

Untouchables (album)
Untouchables is the fifth studio album by American nu metal band Korn. The album was officially released on June 11, 2002, and featured the Grammy-winning single "Here to Stay". Untouchables debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 with 495,991 copies sold during its first week, second only to Eminem's The Eminem Show. The album received positive reviews from music critics. It was certified platinum on July 11, 2002, and has sold at least 1.4 million copies in the United States.
Lichenopeltella stereocaulorum
Lichenopeltella stereocaulorum is a species of lichenicolous fungus belonging to the class Dothideomycetes. It was described in 2010 from an infected specimen of Stereocaulon botryosum.

It has a similar appearance to Lichenopeltella cladoniarum but L. stereocaulorum has smaller spores and infects Stereocaulon species, while L. cladoniarum typically infects species of the Cladoniaceae and Physciaceae families.

Stereocaulon
Stereocaulon is a genus of lichens. Members of Stereocaulon are commonly called rock foam lichens. Photobiont partners of Stereocaulon include green algae from the genera Asterochloris, Chloroidium, and Vulcanochloris. Stereocaulon is difficult to ID to species, but there is a high diversity of species within the genus.
Fort Clark Trading Post State Historic Site
Fort Clark Trading Post State Historic Site was once the home to a Mandan and later an Arikara settlement. Over the course of its history it also had two factories (trading posts). Today only archeological remains survive at the site located eight miles west of Washburn, North Dakota, United States.

Washburn, North Dakota
Washburn is a city in southern McLean County, North Dakota, United States. Located along the upper Missouri River, it is the county seat of McLean County. The population was 1,300 at the 2020 census.

Washburn was founded in 1882 near the former site of Fort Mandan, winter quarters of the Lewis and Clark Expedition in 1804–1805, near a Mandan village. The town was designated as the county seat in 1883. The city's name honors General Cadwallader C. Washburn.

Washburn is home to the North Dakota Lewis and Clark Interpretive Center, which focuses on the Expedition's winter near the Mandan village. It houses a full-scale replica of Fort Mandan, which workers of the expedition built as their base, and one of the expedition's canoes.
1956 NCAA wrestling championships
The 1956 NCAA Wrestling Championships were the 26th NCAA Wrestling Championships to be held. Oklahoma A&M in Stillwater, Oklahoma hosted the tournament at Gallagher Hall.

Oklahoma A&M took home the team championship with 65 points and having one individual champion.

Dan Hodge of Oklahoma was named the Most Outstanding Wrestler.

Danny Hodge
Dan Allen Hodge (May 13, 1932 – December 24, 2020) was an American amateur and professional wrestler, who also had a brief professional boxing career. He is in both the U.S. amateur wrestling Hall of Fame, for his three NCAA titles and Olympic silver medal, and the pro wrestling Hall of Fame, as a seven-time NWA World Junior Heavyweight Champion. The Dan Hodge Trophy is the college wrestling equivalent of the Heisman Trophy.

Hodge was born and raised in Perry, Oklahoma, where he continued to live. He was famous for the ability to crush apples with one hand, a feat which he demonstrated live on ESPN during the 2006 NCAA Wrestling Championships. He said his strength was due to having double tendons in his hands.
Dmytro Chernysh
Dmytro Chernysh is the name of two Ukrainian football players:

Dmytro Chernysh (footballer, born 1998), Ukrainian football goalkeeper

Dmytro Chernysh (footballer, born 2004), Ukrainian football midfielder

Dmytro Chernysh (footballer, born 2004)
Dmytro Yehorovych Chernysh (Ukrainian: Дмитро Єгорович Черниш; born 10 August 2004) is a Ukrainian professional footballer who plays as a central midfielder for Oleksandriya in the Ukrainian Premier League.
Filipp Ovsyannikov
Filipp Vasilievich Ovsyannikov (Russian: Филипп Васильевич Овсянников; 26 June [O.S. 14 June] 1827–11 June [O.S. 29 May] 1906) was the first Russian histologist and the founder of sturgeon breeding.

Ovsyannikov graduated from the Imperial University of Dorpat in 1853. He worked in Claude Bernard's laboratory in 1860 and in Carl Ludwig's laboratory in 1869. He held the chair in physiology at the University of Kazan from 1858 to 1862 and the chair in anatomy at the University of Saint Petersburg from 1864 to 1886. In 1864, he established the Physiological Laboratory for the Petersburg Academy of Sciences. Ovsyannikov's laboratory was used for research by such young physiologists as Elias von Cyon and Ivan Pavlov.

In 1869, Ovsyannikov pioneered artificial reproduction of sterlet. A series of experiments with fish breeding won him a gold medal from the Free Economic Society. In 1871, he discovered the vasomotor center and determined its precise limits in the medulla oblongata.

Artificial reproduction
Artificial reproduction is the re-creation of life brought about by means other than natural ones. It is new life built by human plans and projects. Examples include artificial selection, artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, artificial womb, artificial cloning, and kinematic replication.

Artificial reproduction is one aspect of artificial life. Artificial reproduction can be categorized into one of two classes according to its capacity to be self-sufficient: non-assisted reproductive technology and assisted reproductive technology.

Cutting plants' stems and placing them in compost is a form of assisted artificial reproduction, xenobots are an example of a more autonomous type of reproduction, while the artificial womb presented in the movie the Matrix illustrates a non assisted hypothetical technology. The idea of artificial reproduction has led to various technologies.
Carlo Naya
Carlo Naya (1816 in Tronzano Vercellese – 1882 in Venice) was an Italian photographer known for his pictures of Venice including its works of art and views of the city for a collaborative volume in 1866. He also documented the restoration of Giotto's frescoes at the Scrovegni Chapel in Padua.

Naya was born in Tronzano di Vercelli in 1816 and studied law at the University of Pisa. An inheritance allowed him to travel to major cities in Europe, Asia, and northern Africa. He was advertising his services as portrait photographer in Istanbul in 1845, and opened his studio in Venice in 1857. He sold his work through photographer and optician Carlo Ponti.

Following Naya's death in 1882, his studio was run by his wife, then by her second husband. In 1918, it was closed and publisher Osvaldo Böhm bought most of Naya's archive.

Tronzano Vercellese
Tronzano Vercellese  (Tronsan in Piedmontese) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Vercelli in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northeast of Turin and about 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of Vercelli.

Tronzano Vercellese borders the following municipalities: Alice Castello, Bianzè, Borgo d'Ale, Crova, Ronsecco, San Germano Vercellese, and Santhià.
Baillieu Library
The Baillieu Library is the largest of the ten branches which constitute the University of Melbourne Library, intended to support education and research in the arts, humanities and social sciences. It is located on the west side of the University's inner city Parkville campus, near the corner of Grattan Street and Royal Parade. The building, designed by John Scarborough and opened in 1959, is named after the Baillieu family, who funded the library through the William Lawrence Baillieu Trust.

Alice Garner
Alice Miriam Olivia Garner is an Australian actor, author, musician, teacher and historian.

She is the daughter of Australian novelist and screenwriter Helen Garner and playwright, historian and actor Bill Garner.
Wayne Kingery
B. Wayne Kingery (June 5, 1927 – June 2, 2016) was an American football halfback and defensive back who played for the Baltimore Colts. He played college football at McNeese State University, having previously attended Lake Charles High School. He was inducted into the McNeese State Hall of Fame in 1980.

McNeese State University
McNeese State University is a public university in Lake Charles, Louisiana, United States. Founded in 1939 as Lake Charles Junior College, it was renamed McNeese Junior College after John McNeese, an early local educator. The present name was adopted in 1970. McNeese is part of the University of Louisiana System and is classified as a Master's University. The university consists of six colleges and the Doré School of Graduate Studies. McNeese is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools.
Isfjorden (Svalbard)
Isfjorden is the second longest fjord in the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard. It lies on the west side of Spitsbergen, an island in the Arctic Ocean about midway between Norway and the North Pole, and the largest in the archipelago.  The mountain of Alkhornet stands on the northern side of the entrance to the fjord, as does the coastal plain of Daudmannsøyra. A portion of Isfjorden is included in the national parks of Norway as Nordre Isfjorden Land National Park. Around the fjord lie many of the largest settlements in Svalbard: Barentsburg, Longyearbyen (on the Adventfjorden) and Pyramiden.

Pyramiden
Pyramiden (Norwegian: [pʏrɑˈmîːdn̩]; Russian: Пирами́да, romanized: Piramída, IPA: [pʲɪrɐˈmʲidə]; literally 'The Pyramid') is an abandoned Soviet coal mining settlement on the Norwegian archipelago of Svalbard which has become a tourist destination. Founded by Sweden in 1910 and sold to the Soviet Union in 1927, Pyramiden was closed in 1998 and has since remained largely abandoned with most of its infrastructure and buildings still in place, the cold climate preserving much of the infrastructure left behind.

Since 2007, there have been efforts to make it a tourist attraction; the town's hotel was renovated and reopened in 2013. In the summer, there is a population of six caretakers.
Coordination Framework
The Coordination Framework (Arabic: الإطار التنسيقي) is a council of major Iraqi Shiite parties in the Council of Representatives. It was originally formed in March 2021 to contest the results of the 2021 Iraqi parliamentary election and later became a parliamentary alliance for government formation. There are currently 12 member parties in the council.

Hadi al-Amiri
Hadi al-Amiri (born 1 July 1954) is an Iraqi politician and militia leader who has headed the Badr Organization, a Shia political party and paramilitary organization, since 2009. He served as Minister of Transport from 2010 to 2014 and has represented Diyala Governorate in the Council of Representatives since 2014. Al-Amiri founded the Fatah Alliance in 2018, which has become one of the main Shia political blocs in Iraq.
Luisa Corna
Luisa Corna (born 2 December 1965) is an Italian television presenter, singer, model, and actress.

Born in Palazzolo sull'Oglio, Brescia, at 16 years old Corna began her career as a model for, among others, Dolce & Gabbana,  Missoni and Mariella Burani; she also posed for photographers Helmut Newton and Arthur Elgort. In 1992 she ranked second at the Castrocaro Music Festival with the song "Dove vanno a finire gli amori". In the late 1990s Corna began her television career, hosting several television programs such as Tira e Molla,  Domenica in  and Controcampo. In 2002 she entered the main competition at the Sanremo Music Festival,  ranking fourth with the song "Ora che ho bisogno di te", a duet with Fausto Leali.

Corna also appeared on several films and television series, and dubbed Lola in the Italian version of the 2004 animated film Shark Tale.

Castrocaro Music Festival
The Castrocaro Music Festival, also known as Concorso per Voci Nuove, is an Italian musical contest which takes place every year in the town of Castrocaro Terme e Terra del Sole, near Forlì, from 1957. The competition is exclusively reserved for new talents, and it had its maximum popularity from 1962 to early Eighties when, under the direction of Gianni Ravera, based on an agreement with the Sanremo Music Festival the top two finishers of the competition gained the access to the Sanremo Festival. Singers who were launched by the event include Gigliola Cinquetti, Iva Zanicchi, Zucchero Fornaciari, Fiordaliso, Caterina Caselli, Laura Pausini, Eros Ramazzotti, Franco Simone and Alice.
George Edward Bond
George Edward Bond was a British architect and surveyor based in Chatham, Kent, active during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He was responsible for the design of numerous residential, civic, and religious buildings throughout Medway and Kent, often working closely with local builder Charles Edward Skinner.

Sir Joseph Williamson's Mathematical School
Sir Joseph Williamson's Mathematical School (SJWMS) is an all boys' grammar school with academy status in Rochester, Kent, and a co-ed sixth form, also referred to as Rochester Math or The Math School. 
The school was founded by the statesman Sir Joseph Williamson (1633–1701), lord of the nearby Manor of Cobham, Kent, who, in his will, bequeathed £5,000 to set up the school. The school was termed a mathematical school because it specialised in teaching navigation and mathematics to the sons of Freemen of the City of Rochester, the Chatham Naval Dockyard being nearby.
Rowing at the 1964 Summer Olympics – Men's eight
The men's eight event was a rowing event conducted as part of the 1964 Summer Olympics programme. It was held from 12 to 15 October at the Toda Rowing Course. There were 14 boats (126 competitors) from 14 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. The event was won by the United States, returning the top of the podium after losing their eight-Games winning streak with a fifth-place finish in 1960; it was the nation's 11th overall victory in the men's eight. The defending champions, the United Team of Germany, took silver; the Germans defeated the United States in the opening round but lost the rematch in the final after the Americans advanced through the repechage. Czechoslovakia repeated as bronze medalists.

Toda Rowing Course
The Toda Rowing Course (戸田漕艇場, Toda Sōteijō) is a purpose-built rowing venue that hosted the rowing event at the 1964 Summer Olympics. Originally completed in 1939 for the 1940 Summer Olympics that were cancelled due to World War II. After World War II, the venue was left in disrepair. When Tokyo was awarded the 1964 Summer Olympics in 1958, the venue was expanded and reconstructed.

For the Tokyo 2020 Summer Olympics and Paralympic Games held in July and August 2021 respectively, rowing events were held at the newly constructed Sea Forest Waterway venue.
Debre Abbay
Debre Abbay is a monastery of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church located at the edge of the canyon of the Tekezé River in the Tigray Region of Ethiopia. The monastery dates from the 14th century, and has important connections with Ethiopian history: the Battle of Debre Abbay was fought nearby 14 February 1831; and notable Ethiopian scholars, such as Gedamu Woldegiorgis, continued to be educated there well into the early to mid-1900s.

When Paul B. Henze visited the monastery in 2001, he described it as flourishing and self-sufficient, inhabited by 80 monks, 12 nuns, and "30-odd" priests.

Tekezé River
The Tekezé River (Amharic: ተከዜ; Tigrinya: ተከዘ, originally meaning "river" in Ge’ez; Arabic: تكازي, also spelled Takkaze; Italian: fiume Tacazzè), is a major river in Ethiopia. For part of its course it forms a section of the westernmost border of Ethiopia and Eritrea. The river is also known as the Setit (Arabic: سيتيت) as it joins the Nile tributary Atbarah River just over the border in Sudan. According to materials published by the Ethiopian Central Statistical Agency, the Tekezé River is 608 kilometers (378 mi) long. The canyon which it has created is the deepest in Africa and one of the deepest in the world, at some points having a depth of over 2000 meters  (6,562 feet).
Torry Pedersen
Torry Pedersen (born 28 September 1957) is a Norwegian newspaper editor and media executive.

Educated in economics from the BI Norwegian Business School, he started his journalist career in Fredriksstad Blad. He later worked in Dagbladet before being hired in Verdens Gang (VG). He was the chief executive of their website, VG Nett, from 2000 to 2008. From 2008 he was the chief executive of VG, and from March 2011 he is also editor-in-chief of VG. In 2017 he became director of publishing at the Schibsted media group, where he has later been a special advisor.

He resides in Vollen.

Verdens Gang
Verdens Gang (lit. 'The course of the world'), generally known under the abbreviation VG, is a Norwegian tabloid newspaper. In 2016, circulation numbers stood at 93,883, declining from a peak circulation of 390,510 in 2002. Nevertheless, VG is the most-read online newspaper in Norway, with about 2 million daily readers.

Verdens Gang AS is a private company wholly owned by the public company Schibsted ASA.
Safa Saidani
Safa Saidani (born 26 May 1990) is a Tunisian table tennis player. She competed at the 2016 Summer Olympics in the women's singles event, in which she was eliminated in the preliminary round by Dina Meshref.

Table tennis at the 2016 Summer Olympics – Women's singles
The women's singles table tennis event was part of the table tennis programme at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro. The event took place from 6 August to 10 August 2016 at Riocentro.

The medals were presented by Ng Ser Miang, IOC member, Singapore and Petra Sörling, Executive Vice President of the ITTF.
Soraya Mafi
Soraya Mafi is an operatic soprano and recording artist who has sung leading roles in the opera houses and concert halls of Europe and North America. Mafi's performances have been broadcast live on radio, television, and in cinema. She has performed at international festivals and sports events and was nominated for Young Singer of the Year at the International Opera Awards in 2019. She is an inaugural Honorary Associate Artist of the Royal Northern College of Music.

Scottish Opera
Scottish Opera is the national opera company of Scotland, and one of the five national performing arts companies of Scotland. Founded in 1962 and based in Glasgow, it is the largest performing arts organisation in Scotland.
Ousia (band)
Ousia is a music ensemble from Minneapolis, Minnesota.  The group classifies their music (a mixture of ambient, noise, and space rock) as "Snowbient." Their current instrumentation consists of two guitars, bass, and synthesizers. Musically, their compositions are constructed around keys and dynamics, rather than a traditional "verse / bridge / chorus" musical form.  A consistent approach involving improvisation and "live" recordings, minimizes the difference between their performances and CD releases.  Ousia have performed with The Flaming Lips, Laibach, Third Eye Foundation, Windy and Carl, as well as headlining their own shows.

Improvisation
Improvisation or improvization (often shortened to improv) is the activity of making or doing something not planned beforehand, using whatever can be found. The origin of the word itself is in the Latin "improvisus", which literally means un-foreseen. Improvisation in the performing arts is a very spontaneous performance without specific or scripted preparation. The skills of improvisation can apply to many different faculties across all artistic, scientific, physical, cognitive, academic, and non-academic disciplines; see Applied improvisation.
Backsliders and Apostates Will Burn
Backsliders and Apostates Will Burn is the second EP by American noise rock band The Austerity Program, released in 2010 through Hydra Head Records through vinyl, compact disc, and even Data DVD-R formats. For marketing, instead of making usual press kits, the band decided to use humorous ways to market the release of the record, such as writing a fake review written by an angry staff member of Hydra Head.

Noise rock
Noise rock is a subgenre of rock music that originally emerged in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Artists fuse rock music to noise, while utilizing extreme levels of guitar distortion and feedback, primarily through the use of electric guitars.
Berta Ambrož
Berta Ambrož (29 October 1944 – 1 July 2003) was a Yugoslav Slovene singer. She is best known for representing Yugoslavia in the Eurovision Song Contest 1966 with the song "Brez besed" (Without Words).

Slovenes
The Slovenes, also known as Slovenians (Slovene: Slovenci [slɔˈʋéːntsi]), are a South Slavic ethnic group native to Slovenia and adjacent regions in Italy, Austria and Hungary. Slovenes share a common ancestry, culture, and history, and speak Slovene as their native language.

Outside of Slovenia and Europe, Slovenes form diaspora groups in the United States, Canada, Argentina and Australia.