hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Syndicated procurement
Syndicated procurement is a procurement method whereby a syndicate manager groups together multiple concurrent orders from multiple buyers with intent to reduce the purchase price or facilitate delivery. Similar terms in use are "aggregation" and "collective buying".

Example: Five distinct government agencies each require 2,000 new ergonomic office chairs. For an order of 2,000 units, the chair manufacturer is willing to sell at $100 each. Hence, if procuring independently, each government agency will pay $100 per chair. However, for an order of 10,000 chairs, the manufacturer is willing to reduce the price to $70 per unit. The five agencies can therefore pool their demand in order to lower the price by 30%.

Note that the buyers will change nothing in their order, except that they procure in concert, through a syndicate manager.

Office chair
An office chair, or desk chair, is a type of chair that is designed for use at a desk in an office. It is usually a swivel chair, with a set of wheels for mobility and adjustable height. Modern office chairs typically use a single, distinctive load bearing leg (often called a gas lift), which is positioned underneath the chair seat. Near the floor this leg spreads out into several smaller feet, which are often wheeled and called casters. Office chairs were developed around the mid-19th century as more workers spent their shifts sitting at a desk, leading to the adoption of several features not found on other chairs.
Adjoint representation
In mathematics, the adjoint representation (or adjoint action) of a Lie group G is a way of representing the elements of the group as linear transformations of the group's Lie algebra, considered as a vector space. For example, if G is , the Lie group of real n-by-n invertible matrices, then the adjoint representation is the group homomorphism that sends an invertible n-by-n matrix  to an endomorphism of the vector space of all linear transformations of  defined by: .

For any Lie group, this natural representation is obtained by linearizing (i.e. taking the differential of) the action of G on itself by conjugation. The adjoint representation can be defined for linear algebraic groups over arbitrary fields.

Invertible matrix
In linear algebra, an invertible matrix (non-singular, non-degenerate or regular) is a square matrix that has an inverse. In other words, if a matrix is invertible, it can be multiplied by its inverse matrix to yield the identity matrix. Invertible matrices are the same size as their inverse.

The inverse of a matrix represents the inverse operation, meaning if a matrix is applied to a particular vector, followed by applying the matrix's inverse, the result is the original vector.
2024 Kurume U.S.E Cup
The 2024 Kurume U.S.E Cup was a professional tennis tournament play on outdoor carpet courts. It was the seventeenth edition of the tournament, which was part of the 2024 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Kurume, Japan, between 13 and 19 May 2024.

Momoko Kobori
Momoko Kobori (小堀 桃子, Kobori Momoko; born 22 August 1998) is a Japanese female tennis player.
She has career-high WTA rankings of world No. 226 in singles, achieved on 22 April 2019, and No. 95 in doubles, set on 3 November 2025. 
She has won two singles titles and 21 doubles titles on the ITF Circuit.
Léo-Paul Desrosiers
Léo-Paul Desrosiers (April 11, 1896 – April 20, 1967) was a Quebec writer and journalist well known for his historical novels. He was influenced by the nationalism of Henri Bourassa and Lionel-Adolphe Groulx.

He published his first novel in 1922 called Âmes et Paysages. His best-known work, Les Engagés du Grand Portage published in 1938, was set in the fur trade-years in the early 19th century. As a journalist he mainly wrote for Le Devoir.

He won the Ludger-Duvernay Prize in 1951 and the Lorne Pierce Medal in 1963.

Lorne Pierce Medal
The Lorne Pierce Medal is awarded every two years by the Royal Society of Canada to recognize achievement of special significance and conspicuous merit in imaginative or critical literature written in either English or French. The medal was first awarded in 1926. The award itself consists of a gold-plated silver medal and is currently awarded every two years if there is a suitable candidate. (Between 1926 and 1964 it was awarded annually.) The award bears the name of Lorne Pierce (1890–1961), who was editor of Ryerson Press for forty years, contributing greatly to the development and appreciation of Canadian literature, and who originally established the award.
Santiago Gibernau
Santiago Gibernau (born 15 May 1988) is a Uruguayan rugby union player. He plays as a wing.

Gibernau plays for Carrasco Polo Club, in the Campeonato Uruguayo de Rugby.

He has 35 caps for Uruguay, with 10 tries scored, 50 points on aggregate. He had his first game at the 85–7 win over Paraguay, at 25 April 2009, in Montevideo, at the 2011 Rugby World Cup qualifyings. He scored a try in his international debut. He was named in Uruguay's squad for the 2015 Rugby World Cup. He played in three games but didn't scored.

Campeonato Uruguayo de Rugby
The Campeonato Uruguayo de Rugby, also known as Uruguayo de Rugby, is the main competition of Uruguayan rugby union league system. It includes the first, second and third division competitions. It was played for the first time in 1950.
2023 HKFC Soccer Sevens
2023 HKFC Soccer Sevens, officially known as The HKFC Citi Soccer Sevens due to sponsorship reasons, was the 21st staging of the HKFC Soccer Sevens tournament. It was the first edition of the tournament since 2019, due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Hong Kong.

Singapore Cricket Club
The Singapore Cricket Club (SCC) is one of the premier sports and social clubs in Singapore. 
Its clubhouse is located on Connaught Drive on the south end of the Padang in Singapore's central business district.
Soft X-ray microscopy
An X-ray microscope uses electromagnetic radiation in the soft X-ray band to produce images of very small objects.

Unlike visible light, X-rays do not reflect or refract easily, and they are invisible to the human eye. Therefore, the basic process of an X-ray microscope is to expose film or use a charge-coupled device (CCD) detector to detect X-rays that pass through the specimen. It is a contrast imaging technology using the difference in absorption of soft X-ray in the water window region (wavelength region: 2.34–4.4 nm, photon energy region: 280 – 530 eV) by the carbon atom (main element composing the living cell) and the oxygen atom (main element for water).

Charge-coupled device
A charge-coupled device (CCD) is an integrated circuit containing an array of linked, or coupled, capacitors. Under the control of an external circuit, each capacitor can transfer its electric charge to a neighboring capacitor. CCD sensors are a major technology used in digital imaging.
Cub Stricker
John A. "Cub" Stricker, born John A. Streaker (June 8, 1859 – November 19, 1937) was an American professional baseball second baseman. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for seven different teams during his 11-season career, mostly with the Philadelphia Athletics and Cleveland Blues/Spiders.

Philadelphia Athletics (American Association)
The Philadelphia Athletics were a professional baseball team, one of six charter members of the American Association, a 19th-century major league, which began play in 1882 as a rival to the National League. The other teams were the Baltimore Orioles, Cincinnati Red Stockings, Eclipse of Louisville, Pittsburgh Alleghenys, and St. Louis Brown Stockings. The team took its name from a previous team, which played in the National Association from 1871 through 1875 and in the National League in 1876.
Page Pate
Page Pate (May 3, 1967 – September 11, 2022) was an American attorney and legal commentator at the Atlanta, Georgia-based law firm Pate, Johnson & Church. He had been a practicing trial lawyer for over 25 years when he died in September 2022, and he also had extensive experience in criminal defense. He was a founding member of the Georgia Innocence Project and frequently provided legal commentary to CNN, the New York Times, and other major media outlets.

Criminal defenses
In the field of criminal law, there are a variety of conditions that will tend to negate elements of a crime (particularly the intent element), known as defenses. The label may be apt in jurisdictions where the accused may be assigned some burden before a tribunal. However, in many jurisdictions, the entire burden to prove a crime is on the prosecution, which also must prove the absence of these defenses, where implicated. In other words, in many jurisdictions the absence of these so-called defenses is treated as an element of the crime. So-called defenses may provide partial or total refuge from punishment.
Kenneth Cassidy
Henry Kenneth Cassidy (September 14, 1893 – April 2, 1963) was an American college football and college basketball coach. He served as the 11th head football at Fairmount College—now known as Wichita State University—in Wichita, Kansas and he that position for the 1919 season, comping a record of 2–6–2. Cassidy was also the head basketball coach at Fairmount for one season, in 1919–20, tallying a mark of 8–8.

Cassidy was an alumnus of Fairmount College and Ottawa University. He served in France as a United States Army infantry officer during World War I. Cassidy died on April 2, 1963, at Palomar Memorial Hospital California in Escondido, California.

Wichita State University
Wichita State University (WSU) is a public research university in Wichita, Kansas, United States. It is governed by the Kansas Board of Regents. The university offers more than 60 undergraduate degree programs in more than 200 areas of study in nine colleges. The university's graduate school offers more than 50 master's degrees in more than 100 areas and a specialist in education degree and 13 doctoral degrees. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
Terry Nugent (American football)
Terrence John Nugent (born December 5, 1961) is an American former professional football player who was a  quarterback for the Indianapolis Colts of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Colorado State Rams. He was selected by the Cleveland Browns in the sixth round of the 1984 NFL draft.

Colorado State Rams football
The Colorado State Rams football program represents Colorado State University and is a member of the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision and the Mountain West Conference. The Rams have long-standing rivalries with Colorado, Wyoming, and Air Force. The team is currently led by interim head coach and defensive coordinator Tyson Summers, who was named interim head coach after Jay Norvell was fired on October 19, 2025. UConn Huskies football head coach Jim Mora will serve has head coach at the start of the 2026 season.

The Rams have played their home games at Canvas Stadium since 2017. Previously, the team played 49 seasons (1968–2016) at Sonny Lubick Field at Hughes Stadium. The first game at Canvas Stadium (known as Colorado State Stadium for the 2017 season only) was played on August 26, 2017, when the Rams defeated the Oregon State Beavers 58–27.
Star Licks Productions
Star Licks Productions (also known as StarLicks) was an instructional music publishing company conceived by Mark Freed and co-founded by Andrew Cross and Robert Decker. The company was at the forefront of creating instructional videos featuring well-known musicians demonstrating their unique musical styles and techniques on-camera.

In 1984, the company's video portfolio debuted with a wide-ranging group of musicians including: Brian May of Queen, Steve Lukather of Toto, Tony Iommi of Black Sabbath, Al McKay of  Earth, Wind & Fire, Carlos Cavazo of Quiet Riot, Louis Johnson of The Brothers Johnson, noted country guitarist, Albert Lee, and acclaimed guitarist/educator Wolf Marshall."

Louis Johnson (bassist)
Louis Johnson (April 13, 1955 – May 21, 2015) was an American bass guitarist. Johnson was best known for his work with the group the Brothers Johnson and his session playing on several hit albums of the 1970s and 1980s, including the best-selling album of all time, Michael Jackson's Thriller.

His signature sound came from the Music Man StingRay bass guitar, which Leo Fender made for him, and from his slapping technique. He is ranked number 38 on Bass Player magazine's list of "the 100 Greatest Bass Players of All Time".
Miguel Blanco
Miguel Blanco is a Portuguese surfer and environmental advocate from Lisbon. He is a two-time Portuguese national surfing champion and has competed in events on the World Surf League (WSL) Championship Tour and Qualifying Series.

He has appeared on the cover of Surfer Magazine and has directed several surf films, including Tropical Popsicle, The Passenger, and The Passenger II.

Blanco is involved with environmental organizations such as the Save the Waves Coalition, the Surfrider Foundation, the Hope Zones Foundation, and Seatrees.

Surfrider Foundation
The Surfrider Foundation is a U.S. 501(c)(3) non-profit environmental organization that works to protect and preserve the world's oceans, waves and beaches. It focuses on plastic reduction, water quality, beach access, beach and surf spot preservation, and sustaining marine and coastal ecosystems.

Headquartered in San Clemente, California, the Surfrider Foundation maintains a small staff, which work to support the organization's network of 200+ grassroots volunteer-led chapters and student clubs. The current CEO is Chad Nelsen.
Qasr al-Sir
Qasr al-Sir (Arabic: قصر السر; Hebrew: קסר א-סיר, lit. 'Fortress of Mystery') is a Bedouin village in the Negev desert in southern Israel, adjacent to highway 25. The village covers 4,776 dunams (477.6 hectares). Located three kilometres west of Dimona, it falls under the jurisdiction of Neve Midbar Regional Council. In  2023 it had a population of 3,363.

Israel Land Administration
The Israel Land Administration (ILA; Hebrew: מנהל מקרקעי ישראל, romanized: Minhal Mekarka'ei Yisra'el; Arabic: مديرية أراضي اسرائيل) was an Israeli government authority responsible for managing land in Israel which is in the public domain. It manages 93% of the land in the country. As a result of reforms enacted by the 2009 government, it was transformed into Israel Land Authority.
Mario Ríos Santander
Mario Enrique Ríos Santander (17 January 1945) is a Chilean politician who served as a Senator and deputy.

He served as Senator for the 13th Southern Constituency, Biobío Region, for two consecutive terms between 1990 and 2006. He was Deputy for the 19th Departmental Grouping —La Laja, Nacimiento and Mulchén— for two consecutive terms between 1969 and 1977.

He also served as Undersecretary at the Ministry General Secretariat of Government between 1977 and 1979, and as Mayor of Los Ángeles and Pudahuel.

Conservative Party (Chile)
The Conservative Party (in Spanish: Partido Conservador, PCon) of Chile was one of the principal Chilean political parties since its foundation in 1836 until 1948, when it broke apart. In 1953 it reformed as the United Conservative Party and in 1966 joined with the Liberal Party to form the National Party. The Conservative Party was a right-wing party, originally created to be the clericalist, pro-Catholic Church group.
Exploding Kittens (TV series)
Exploding Kittens is an adult animated fantasy comedy television series loosely based on the tabletop card game of the same name designed by Matthew Inman, of The Oatmeal webcomic, and Elan Lee. It features the voices of Tom Ellis, Sasheer Zamata, Suzy Nakamura, Mark Proksch, Ally Maki, and Kenny Yates.

Produced by Chomp City, Bandera Entertainment, Jam Filled Entertainment, and Chernin Entertainment, the series premiered on Netflix on July 12, 2024, to a generally unfavorable reception from critics and mixed reviews from audiences. In November 2025, Netflix reportedly canceled the series after one season.

Bandera Entertainment
Bandera Entertainment (credited on-screen simply as Bandera) is an American animation studio founded by King of the Hill creators, Mike Judge and Greg Daniels, in January 2019, and based in Los Angeles, California. The studio's president is currently Dustin Davis, the former head of YouTube Originals.
Piccolo (horse)
Piccolo (8 May 1991 – 17 April 2016) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. He showed promising but unremarkable form in his early career, winning one of his first ten starts. In the summer of his three-year-old season he was switched to sprint distances and became a top class performer, winning the Chipchase Stakes before being awarded the Nunthorpe Stakes on the disqualification of Blue Siren. He returned as a four-year-old in 1995 and won the King's Stand Stakes at Royal Ascot. Apart from his victories he also finished second in both the Haydock Sprint Cup and the July Cup. After his retirement from racing he became a successful breeding stallion.

Cornwallis Stakes
The Cornwallis Stakes is a Group 3 flat horse race in Great Britain open to two-year-old horses. It is run at Newmarket over a distance of 5 furlongs (1,006 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in October.
Tavagnacco
Tavagnacco (Friulian: Tavagnà) is a comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in the Italian region of Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) northwest of Trieste and about 8 kilometres (5 mi) north of Udine. The municipal seat is in the frazione (borough) of Feletto Umberto.

Tavagnacco borders the following municipalities: Martignacco, Pagnacco, Pasian di Prato, Reana del Rojale, Tricesimo and Udine (whose metropolitan area it belongs to).

Friulian language
Friulian (/friˈuːliən/ free-OO-lee-ən) or Friulan (endonym: furlan [fuɾˈlaŋ] ⓘ; Italian: friulano; Austrian German: Furlanisch; Slovene: furlanščina) is a Romance language belonging to the Rhaeto-Romance family.  Friulian is spoken in the historical region of Friuli (nowadays 90% of Friuli-Venezia Giulia region and a little part of Veneto region) in the northeastern part of Italy and has around 600,000 speakers, the vast majority of whom also speak Italian. It is sometimes called Eastern Ladin since it shares the same roots as Ladin, but over the centuries, it has diverged under the influence of surrounding languages, including German, Italian, Venetian, and Slovene. Documents in Friulian are attested from the 11th century and poetry and literature date as far back as 1300. By the 20th century, there was a revival of interest in the language.
Horton College
Horton College was a 19th-century independent Wesleyan Methodist boys' boarding school, at Mona Vale near Ross, Tasmania, Australia. Founded by Captain Samuel Horton in 1855, the college closed in 1894; and during its brief period it was considered an extremely prestigious school, counting many of the region's landed families of the period as students.

Its first headmaster was John Manton, and for many years its motto was the Latin: Nil sine magno labore (Nothing without great exertion). This was replaced by the Latin: Perseverantia Palman Obtinebit (Perseverance will win the prize). The school building itself was an impressive red brick structure, designed by William Archer and its ruins were listed on the (now-defunct) Register of the National Estate from 1978.

Register of the National Estate
The Register of the National Estate was a heritage register that listed natural and cultural heritage places in Australia. Phasing out of the register began in 2003, when the Australian National Heritage List and the Commonwealth Heritage List were created and by 2007 the Register had been replaced by these and various state and territory heritage registers. Places listed on the Register remain in a non-statutory archive and are still able to be viewed via the National Heritage Database.
Battle of Zappolino
The Battle of Zappolino, the only battle of the War of the Oaken Bucket, was fought in November 1325 between forces representing the Italian towns of Bologna and Modena, an incident in the series of raids and reprisals between the two cities that were part of the larger conflicts of Guelphs and Ghibellines. The Modenese were victorious. Though many clashes between Guelphs and Ghibellines loomed larger to contemporaries than to historians, the unusually-large encounter involved 4,000 estimated cavalry and some 35,000 foot soldiers, and 2,000 men lost their lives. The location of the battle, at the foot of a hill just outside the castle walls, is now a frazione of the municipality of Castello di Serravalle, Emilia-Romagna.

Castello di Serravalle
Castello di Serravalle is a town in the comune of Valsamoggia in the Metropolitan City of Bologna in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) southwest of Bologna. Until 1 January 2014 it was an independent comune.
Westmead Hawk
Westmead Hawk (May 2003 – 26 May 2014) was a black male greyhound. He was a two-time winner of the English Greyhound Derby in 2005 and 2006, and has drawn comparisons with Mick the Miller and horse Red Rum. Westmead Hawk was the father to two English Greyhound Derby winners – Taylors Sky 2011 and Sidaz Jack 2013.

Red Rum
Red Rum (3 May 1965 – 18 October 1995) was an Irish champion Thoroughbred steeplechaser racehorse. He achieved an unmatched historic treble when he won the Grand National in 1973, 1974 and 1977, and also came second in the two intervening years, 1975 and 1976. The Grand National is a notoriously difficult race that has been described as "the ultimate test of a horse’s courage". He was also renowned for his jumping ability, having not fallen in 100 races.

The 1973 race in which Red Rum secured his comeback victory from 30 lengths behind is often considered one of the greatest Grand Nationals in history. In a 2002 UK poll, Red Rum's historic third triumph in the Grand National was voted the 24th greatest sporting moment of all time.
Freienbach SBB railway station
Freienbach SBB railway station is a railway station in the municipality of Freienbach in the Swiss canton of Schwyz, within fare zone 181 of the Zürcher Verkehrsverbund (ZVV). The station is located on the Lake Zurich left-bank railway line, owned by the Swiss Federal Railways (SBB).

Freienbach SBB station should not be confused with the nearby Freienbach SOB railway station, which is on the Pfäffikon SZ–Arth-Goldau line. The two stations are approximately 500 metres (1,600 ft) apart on foot.

Pfäffikon–Arth-Goldau railway
The Pfäffikon–Arth-Goldau railway is a largely single-track standard-gauge line in Switzerland. It was the only line built by the original Schweizerischen Südostbahn (Swiss Southeastern Railway). Two connecting lines, the Rapperswil–Pfäffikon railway over the Seedamm (causeway) and the Wädenswil–Einsiedeln railway, were built by two predecessor companies, the Wädenswil-Einsiedeln-Bahn and the Zürichsee–Gotthardbahn (Lake Zürich-Gotthard Railway). The Pfäffikon–Arth-Goldau railway used the line between Samstagern and Biberbrugg that had been built as part of the Wädenswil–Einsiedeln railway. The line, including a 34.58 kilometre-long section of the Bodensee–Toggenburg railway (Bodensee-Toggenburg-Bahn) that became part of the new Südostbahn as the result of a merger in 2001, has been electrified since 15 May 1939 at 15 kV AC 162/3 Hz.