hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Administrative law in Mongolia
Administrative law in Mongolia is the body of law that governs
the activities of administrative agencies of the Mongolian government. These activities  include rulemaking, adjudication, or the
enforcement of a specific regulatory agenda.

Adjudication
Adjudication is the legal process by which an arbiter or judge reviews evidence and argumentation, including legal reasoning set forth by opposing parties or litigants, to come to a decision which determines rights and obligations between the parties involved.

Adjudication can also refer to the processes at dance competitions, in television game shows and at other competitive forums, by which competitors are evaluated and ranked and a winner is found.
Nightside (novel series)
Nightside is a series of 12 fantasy novels by British author Simon R. Green.

The series is focused on John Taylor, a private investigator based in the fictional Nightside, a dark, hidden netherworld of London in which the supernatural and science fiction super-technology co-exist. Dark, cynical, and humorous, the books offer an adventure into the Nightside, where classic pulp PI novels blend with fantasy and science fiction.

Simon R. Green
Simon Richard Green (born 25 August 1955) is an English science fiction and fantasy author.

Green was born in Bradford on Avon, Wiltshire, England. He holds a degree in modern English and American literature from the University of Leicester. He began writing in 1973, sold his first story "Manslayer" in 1976, and published his first full-length work, Awake, Awake, Ye Northern Winds in 1979. In 1988 he sold seven novels, and in 1989, he received a commission to write the novelization of the Kevin Costner film Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves, which has sold more than 370,000 copies. In the 1990s, Green was publishing regularly through Victor Gollancz Ltd.

Green's novels have been described as fantasy set in contemporary urban settings "that are slightly off", as well as a "writer of both space opera and heroic fantasy."
Negation as failure
Negation as failure (NAF, for short) is a non-monotonic inference rule in logic programming, used to derive  (i.e. that  is assumed not to hold) from failure to derive .  Note that  can be different from the statement  of the logical negation of , depending on the completeness of the inference algorithm and thus also on the formal logic system.

Negation as failure has been an important feature of logic programming since the earliest days of both Planner and Prolog. In Prolog, it is usually implemented using Prolog's extralogical constructs.

More generally, this kind of negation is known as weak negation, in contrast with the strong (i.e. explicit, provable) negation.

Complete theory
In mathematical logic, a theory  is complete if it is consistent and for every closed formula in the theory's language, either that formula or its negation is provable. That is, for every sentence  the theory  contains the sentence or its negation but not both (that is, either  or ). Recursively axiomatizable first-order theories that are consistent and rich enough to allow general mathematical reasoning to be formulated cannot be complete, as demonstrated by Gödel's first incompleteness theorem.

This sense of complete is distinct from the notion of a complete logic, which asserts that for every theory that can be formulated in the logic, all semantically valid statements are provable theorems (for an appropriate sense of "semantically valid"). Gödel's completeness theorem is about this latter kind of completeness.
Ramadi Barrage
Ramadi Barrage is a two-section diversion dam on the Euphrates River adjacent (west) of Ramadi, Iraq. The main purpose of the northern barrage is to slow or stop water if needed, allowing it to be diverted through the southern barrage into a canal. The canal feeds water into Lake Habbaniyah to the southeast.

The intent was to use water stored by the Ramadi Barrage and the Samarra Barrage for irrigation. However, evaporation on Lakes Habbaniyah and Tharthar led to reduced storage and high salinity, conditions unsuitable for irrigation.

Lake Tharthar
Lake Tharthar (also Therthar), and known in Iraq as Buhayrat ath-Tharthar (Arabic: بحيرة الثرثار), is an artificial lake created in 1956, situated 100 kilometers (62 mi) northwest of Baghdad between the Tigris and the Euphrates rivers.
First Indira Gandhi ministry
The First Indira Gandhi ministry was formed on 24 January 1966 under the premiership of Indira Gandhi who was elected as the Prime Minister of India by the Congress Parliamentary Party to succeed Gulzarilal Nanda who was serving as the acting prime minister since 11 January 1966 following the untimely demise of Lal Bahadur Shastri.
The cabinet remained in office until the 1967 general election in which Indira Gandhi was re-elected to office.

Satya Narayan Sinha
Satya Narayan Sinha (9 July 1900 – 26 July 1983) was an Indian National Congress politician who served as the member of Constituent Assembly and Minister of Parliamentary Affairs. He was the first Leader of the House in Lok Sabha not to be a prime minister.
Inaba Kokubun-ji
The Inaba Kokubun-ji (因幡国分寺) is a  Buddhist temple located in the Kokubunji, Kokufu-cho neighborhood of the city of Tottori, Tottori Prefecture, Japan. It belongs to the Ōbaku school of Japanese Zen, and its main image is a statue of Yakushi Nyorai.  The temple is the modern successor of one of the provincial temples established by Emperor Shōmu during the Nara period (710–794) for the purpose of promoting Buddhism as the national religion of Japan and standardising control of imperial rule over the provinces.

Ōbaku
Ōbaku Zen or the Ōbaku school (Japanese: 黄檗宗, romanized: Ōbaku-shū) is one of three main schools of Japanese Zen Buddhism, in addition to the Sōtō and Rinzai schools. The school was founded in Japan by the Chinese monk Ingen Ryūki, who immigrated to Japan during the Manchu conquest of China in the 17th century.

It had a strong influence on Japanese Rinzai, which partly adopted Ōbaku practices, and partly renewed older practices in response to the Ōbaku school.
Benjamin Bates II
Benjamin Edward Bates II (13 March 1716 – 12 May 1790) was a British physician, art connoisseur, and socialite. Born into wealth, he was a prominent member of society and was selected to become a member of the Sir Francis Dashwood's Hellfire Club, The Monks of Medmenham. He is the great-great-grandfather of Benjamin Bates IV, founder of Bates College.

Connoisseur
A connoisseur (French traditional, pre-1835, spelling of connaisseur, from Middle-French connoistre, then connaître meaning 'to be acquainted with' or 'to know somebody/something') is a person who has a great deal of knowledge about the fine arts; who is a keen appreciator of cuisines, fine wines, and other gourmet products; or who is an expert judge in matters of taste.  In many areas, the term now has an air of pretension, and may be used in a partly ironic sense. In the art trade, however, expert connoisseurship remains a crucial skill for the identification and attribution to individual artists of works by the style and technique, where documentary evidence of provenance is lacking.  The situation in the wine trade is similar, for example in assessing the potential for ageing in a young wine through wine tasting.
Thouaret
The Thouaret (French pronunciation: [twaʁɛ]) is a 52 km (32 mi) river in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in western France. It is a right tributary of the Thouet.

Its source is in the commune of Chanteloup, and its course crosses the department of Deux-Sèvres, where it flows northeast through the towns of La Chapelle-Saint-Laurent, Chiché and Saint-Varent, finally flowing into the Thouet near Thouars.

Deux-Sèvres
Deux-Sèvres (French pronunciation: [dø sɛvʁ] ⓘ, Poitevin-Saintongese: Deùs Saevres) is a French department. Deux-Sèvres literally means "two Sèvres": the Sèvre Nantaise and the Sèvre Niortaise are two rivers which have their sources in the department. It had a population of 374,878 in 2019.
Qlik
Qlik (/klɪk/; formerly known as Qliktech) provides a data integration, analytics, and artificial intelligence platform. The software company was founded in 1993 in Lund, Sweden and is now based in King of Prussia, Pennsylvania, United States. Thoma Bravo made the company private in 2016.

Qlik Data Integration (QDI) includes tools such as Qlik Replicate for data replication, Qlik Catalog for data organization, Qlik Compose for automation of data lakes and data warehouses, and Qlik Talend Cloud for maintenance of data integrity. Qlik's AI program enables AI-powered analytics, natural language capabilities, and visualizations. Qlik Answers generates answers to questions from unstructured data sources. It also includes AutoML for no-code development of predictive models and tools for low-latency data processing.

Lund
Lund (/lʊnd/, US also /lʌnd/ LU(U)ND; Swedish: [ˈlɵnːd] ⓘ) is a city in the province of Scania, southern Sweden. The town had 94,393 inhabitants out of a municipal total of 130,288 as of 2023. It is the seat of Lund Municipality, Scania County. The Öresund Region, which includes Lund, is home to more than 4.2 million people.

Archeologists date the founding of Lund to around 990, when Scania was part of Denmark. From 1103 it was the seat of the Catholic Archdiocese of Lund, and the towering Lund Cathedral, built c. 1090–1145, still stands at the centre of the town. Denmark ceded the city to Sweden in the Treaty of Roskilde in 1658.

Lund University, established in 1666, is one of Scandinavia's oldest and largest institutions for education and research.  The university and its buildings dominate much of the centre of the city, and have led to Lund becoming a regional centre for high-tech industry.
Borisoglebsky, Yaroslavl Oblast
Borisoglebsky (Russian: Борисогле́бский) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) and the administrative center of Borisoglebsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located on the Ustye River, 16 kilometers (9.9 mi) from Rostov and 77 kilometers (48 mi) southwest of Yaroslavl. Population:  5,646 (2010 Census); 5,957 (2002 Census); 6,327 (1989 Soviet census); 4,600 (1968).

The settlement's principal tourist attraction is the famous Borisoglebsky Monastery, now a museum. The monastery is named after Saints Boris and Gleb. The monastery was favored by Ivan the Terrible who personally supervised the construction of towered walls and bell-tower around an even more ancient cathedral. The only addition made to the monastery after Ivan's death is a superb carved barbican church, commissioned by the metropolitan Iona Sysoevich in the late 17th century.

In 2005, the statues of monk Peresvet (by Zurab Tsereteli) and of Prince Pozharsky were installed near the monastery walls.

Barbican
A barbican (from Old French: barbacane) is a fortified outpost or fortified gateway, such as at an outer defense perimeter of a city or castle, or any tower situated over a gate or bridge which was used for defensive purposes.
Electoral district of Stanley Boroughs (NSW Legislative Council)
The Electoral district of Stanley Boroughs was an electorate of the New South Wales Legislative Council at a time when some of its members were elected and the balance were appointed by the Governor. It was a new electorate created in 1851 by the expansion of the Legislative Council to 54 members, with 18 to be appointed and 36 elected. 
The previous district of Counties of Gloucester, Macquarie, and Stanley was split into the districts of Gloucester & Macquarie, Stanley and Stanley Boroughs. The district included North Brisbane, South Brisbane, Kangaroo Point and Ipswich.

In 1856 the unicameral Legislative Council was abolished and replaced with an elected Legislative Assembly and an appointed Legislative Council. The district was represented by the Legislative Assembly electorate of Stanley Boroughs.

Ipswich, Queensland
Ipswich (/ˈɪpswɪtʃ/ ⓘ) is an urban centre within the City of Ipswich in South East Queensland, Australia. Situated on the Bremer River, it is approximately 40 km (25 mi) west of the Brisbane central business district. Ipswich is renowned for its architectural, natural and cultural heritage, and the city preserves and operates from many of its historical buildings, with more than 6000 heritage-listed sites and over 500 parks. Ipswich was founded in 1827 as a mining settlement, and soon developed into a major commercial and population centre. The suburb of the same name serves as the city's central business district. In the 2021 census, the population of the urban area of Ipswich was 115,913 people.
Piney Creek Wilderness
The Piney Creek Wilderness is an 8,122-acre (33 km2) wilderness area in Missouri. The United States Congress designated it wilderness in 1980. The Piney Creek Wilderness is located within the Ava-Cassville-Willow Springs Ranger District of the Mark Twain National Forest, east of Cassville, Missouri. The area is named after Piney Creek, which runs the length of the wilderness area and eventually empties into the James River arm of Table Rock Lake. The Piney Creek Wilderness is one of eight wilderness areas of the Mark Twain National Forest that are protected and preserved in Missouri.

The major east-west trail follows Piney Creek for approximately four miles. From Pineview Tower Trailhead on the north, two paths of 1.5 miles each lead south to Piney Creek. Two other maintained foot and horse trails leave the main trail to head south for a grand total of 13.1 Wilderness miles. Portions of the trail system include old roads.

Cassville, Missouri
Cassville is a city in Flat Creek Township, Barry County, Missouri, United States, that is the county seat of Barry County. According to the 2020 census, the population of Cassville was 3,186. Cassville is one of the primary markets and job centers for an estimated 14,000 people living in the surrounding area.
Libro d'Oro della Nobiltà italiana (official register)
The Libro d'oro della Nobiltà italiana is a public and official register compiled both during the Regno d'Italia and in the Italian Republic before 1962. It contains the list of families registered by a "provision of Grace" (motu proprio of the King, i.e. a concession) or justice (recognition of an ancient noble title by the Consulta Araldica). Each family is treated on one or more pages, which include: country of origin, habitual residence of the family, noble titles and attributes with an indication of the origin and succession of noble titles, royal and governmental regulations, blazons and a part of the documented genealogy.

This first and most important official nobiliary register of the Kingdom of Italy should not be confused with Libro d'Oro della Nobiltà italiana of the same name, which are instead only private works still published both in Rome and Savigliano, a small town near Cuneo.

Savigliano
Savigliano (Piedmontese: Savijan) is a comune of Piedmont, Northern Italy, in the Province of Cuneo, about 50 kilometres (31 mi) south of Turin by rail.

It is home to ironworks, foundries, locomotive works (once owned by Fiat Ferroviaria, now by Alstom) and silk manufactures, as well as sugar factories, printing works and cocoon-raising establishments.
Ajay Nanda
Ajay Nanda (born 1967) is an Indian politician from Jammu and Kashmir. He was an MLA from Reasi Assembly constituency in Reasi district. He won the 2014 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election representing the Bharatiya Janata Party.

Ajay Nanda has served as the Minister of State for Finance and Planning, Information Technology, Law, Justice and Parliamentary Affairs, CA and PD, Tribal Affairs, Relief & Rehabilitation, and Labour and Employment during the Mehbooba Mufti ministry.

He was dropped by the BJP for the 2024 Assembly election.

Reasi district
Reasi district is an administrative district in the Jammu division of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir. The Reasi district is bordered by Udhampur district and Ramban district in the east, Jammu district in the south, Rajouri district in the west and by Kulgam district on the north. The Reasi and Rajouri tehsils formed a joint district called the "Reasi district" at the time of the princely state's accession to India in 1947. As part of the reorganisation, the two tehsils were separated and Reasi was merged with the Udhampur district. It again became a separate district in 2006.

Reasi is one of the oldest towns of the Jammu and Kashmir State. It was the seat of the erstwhile Bhimgarh State, said to have been established by Raja Bhim Dev sometime in the 8th century. It remained an independent principality till 1822, when Maharaja Gulab Singh the then Dogra Raja of Jammu hill region, under the Sikh Empire, consolidated the small states.
Maximum demand indicator
Maximum Demand Indicator (MDI) is an instrument for measuring the maximum amount of electrical energy required by a specific consumer during a given period of time. MDI instruments record the base load requirement of electrical energy. They can also measure the peak load, but are unable to record sudden short circuit or high motor starting currents.

The main parts of MDI are:

Dial connected with moving system

Pointer on dial

Reset device

Fraction device

Indicating pin

MDI is often available as a built-in feature of three phase energy meters.

Maximum demand is calculated as: Maximum Demand(KW)=Maximum Energy Recorded(KWh)⁄Time(hours)

Electricity meter
An electricity meter, electric meter, electrical meter, energy meter, kilowatt-hour meter, or power meter is a device that measures the amount of electric energy consumed by a residence, a business, or an electrically powered device over a time interval.

Electric utilities use electric meters installed at customers' premises for billing and monitoring purposes. They are typically calibrated in billing units, the most common one being the kilowatt hour (kWh). They are usually read once each billing period.

When energy savings during certain periods are desired, some meters may measure demand, the maximum use of power in some interval. "Time of day" metering allows electric rates to be changed during a day, to record usage during peak high-cost periods and off-peak, lower-cost, periods. Also, in some areas meters have relays for demand response load shedding during peak load periods.
Sunny Singh (filmographer)
Sandeep "Sunny" Singh (born April 3, 1986) is an American filmographer, programmer and music archivist, who primarily records and uploads footage of hardcore punk performances under the name hate5six. Triple J referred to him as "the internet’s hardest working hardcore videographer". In a December 2019 article for Billboard, writer Eli Enis referred to the accessibility of his content as "the biggest factor" for the popularity of hardcore in the late-2010s.

Singh also often releases footage of spoken word performances, interviews, and protests and political speeches, providing a platform for support of causes such as indigenous rights and anarchism.

Spoken word
Spoken word is an oral poetic performance art that is based mainly on the poem's as well as the performer's aesthetic qualities. It is a 20th-century continuation of an ancient oral artistic tradition that focuses on the aesthetics of recitation and word play, such as the performer's live intonation and voice inflection. Spoken word is a catch-all term that includes any kind of poetry recited aloud, including poetry readings, poetry slams, jazz poetry, pianologues, musical readings, and hip hop music, and can include comedy routines and prose monologues. Unlike written poetry, the quality of spoken word is shaped less by the visual aesthetics on a page, and more from phonaesthetics or the aesthetics of sound.
Dele Gboluga Ikengboju
Dele Gboluga Ikengboju (born 23 June 1967) is a pharmacist and politician who served as a member of the Nigeria Federal House of Representatives, representing Okitipupa/Irele Constituency from 2019 to 2023.

House of Representatives (Nigeria)
The House of Representatives (also called Green Chamber) is the lower chamber of Nigeria's bicameral National Assembly. The Senate is the upper chamber.

The Green Chamber has 360 members who are elected in single-member constituencies using the plurality (or first-past-the-post) system, most recently in 2023. Members serve four-year terms. The presiding officer of the house is the Speaker, currently Tajudden Abbas (as of May 2024).
Miller Wolf Oberman
Miller Wolf Oberman is a poet who has won a Ruth Lilly fellowship, the 2016 92nd St Y’s Boston Review/ Discovery Prize and a 2023 NYSCA/NYFA Artist Fellowship. His translation of selections from the “Old English Rune Poem” won Poetry’s John Frederick Nims Memorial Prize For Translation in 2013. His collection "Impossible Things” was published on Duke University Press in October 2024. "The Unstill Ones," his first collection of poems and Old English translations was published in September 2017 by Princeton University Press. He serves on the board of Brooklyn Poets, is an editor at Broadsided Press, and teaches at Eugene Lang College at The New School. Miller lives in Queens with his wife, rock singer and rabbinical student Louisa Rachel Solomon of The Shondes and their children. He holds a PhD in English from the University of Connecticut, an MFA from Georgia College, and a BA from Sarah Lawrence College.

Ruth Lilly Poetry Prize
The Ruth Lilly Poetry Prize is awarded annually by The Poetry Foundation, which also publishes Poetry magazine. The prize was established in 1986 by Ruth Lilly. It honors a living U.S. poet whose "lifetime accomplishments warrant extraordinary recognition"; its value is $100,000 making it one of the richest literary prizes in the world. Mary Carole McCauley, writing for the Los Angeles Times, called it "among the most prestigious awards that can be won by an American poet".
MSC Seaside
MSC Seaside is a Seaside-class cruise ship currently owned and operated by MSC Cruises. As the lead vessel of the Seaside class, she lends her name to the company's Seaside class. At 153,516 GT, she would become the largest cruise ship ever to be constructed by Italian shipbuilder Fincantieri, and the 45th largest cruise ship in the world, behind Norwegian Epic, upon her delivery in December 2017.

On April 27th, 2023 the MSC Seaside scored a 67 out 100 by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Vessel Sanitation Program, citing issues such as poorly cleaned dishware and flies. Prior to this score, the ship averaged a score of 93 across two inspections.
In July 2023, the CDC updated the score to 92 after corrective actions were taken.

Norwegian Epic
Norwegian Epic is a cruise ship of the Norwegian Cruise Line built under NCL's F3 Project by the STX Europe Chantiers de l'Atlantique shipyard in Saint-Nazaire, France. When launched in 2010 she was the third largest cruise ship in the world.

Two ships in the Epic class were ordered by NCL in November 2006, with an option for a third vessel that was not exercised. A dispute between NCL and STX initially resulted in the construction of both ships being placed on hold until a new agreement was reached.  The agreement called for completion of the first ship; the second ship was cancelled in 2008. The sole remaining ship, Norwegian Epic, was delivered to NCL on 17 June 2010.

After completion and acceptance, Norwegian Epic sailed on Thursday 24 June 2010 from Southampton to New York.
Oswald Hawken
Oswald James Hawken (1870–1957) was a Reform Party Member of Parliament in New Zealand, and was a cabinet minister 1926–1928 in the Reform Government.

He was elected to the Egmont electorate in the 1919 general election, but was defeated in 1928.

In 1935, he was awarded the King George V Silver Jubilee Medal.

Reform Party (New Zealand)
The Reform Party, formally the New Zealand Political Reform League, was New Zealand's second major political party, having been founded as a conservative response to the original Liberal Party. It was in government between 1912 and 1928, and later formed a coalition with the United Party (a remnant of the Liberals), and then merged with United to form the modern National Party.