hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Perito Moreno Glacier
The Perito Moreno (Spanish: Glaciar Perito Moreno), Francisco Gormaz or Bismarck Glacier is a glacier located in Los Glaciares National Park in southwest Santa Cruz Province, Argentina, and originated in the Magallanes Region in Chile, being also part of the Bernardo O'Higgins National Park. It is one of the most important tourist attractions in the Argentine Patagonia.

The 250 km2 (97 sq mi) ice formation, 30 km (19 mi) in length, is one of 48 glaciers fed by the Southern Patagonian Ice Field located in the Andes system shared with Chile which has a small part of the origins of the glacier. This ice field is the world's third largest reserve of fresh water.

The Perito Moreno Glacier, located 78 kilometres (48 mi) from El Calafate, was named after the explorer Francisco Moreno, a pioneer who studied the region in the 19th century and played a major role in defending the Argentinian thesis in the 1902 Arbitral award of the Andes between Argentina and Chile.

1902 Arbitral award of the Andes between Argentina and Chile
The 1902 Arbitral award of the Andes between Argentina and Chile (Spanish: Laudo limítrofe entre Argentina y Chile de 1902) was a British arbitration in 1902 that established the present-day boundaries between Argentina and Chile. In northern and central Patagonia, the borders were established between the latitudes of 40° and 52° S as an interpretation of the Boundary treaty of 1881 between Chile and Argentina.

As result of the arbitration, some Patagonian lakes, such as O'Higgins/San Martín Lake, became divided by a national boundary. Additionally the preferences of settled colonists in a cultivated part of the area in dispute had been canvassed. The boundary proposed in the arbitration was a compromise between the boundary preferences of the two disputing governments, which strictly followed neither the alignment of highest peaks nor the fluvial watershed, and was published in the name of King Edward VII.
Daxin County
Daxin County (simplified Chinese: 大新县; traditional Chinese: 大新縣; pinyin: Dàxīn Xiàn, Zhuang: Dasinh Yen) is a county in the west of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. It is under the administration of Chongzuo city.

The southwest border of Daxin County is along Cao Bằng Province, Vietnam. The legal description is mainly determined for a part of its length by the midline of the watercourse along the Guichun River and its Detian Falls.

Quây Sơn River
The Quây Sơn River (Vietnamese: Sông Quây Sơn, Sông Quế Sơn; chữ Nôm: 滝𡇸山, 滝桂山) or the Guichun River in China, (Chinese: 归春河, Pinyin: ) is a river that passes through Cao Bằng Province, Vietnam and Guangxi province, China. The river originates in China in Jingxi County in the Chongshan Mountain Range (Chinese:崇山峻岭, Pinyin: Chóngshān jùnlǐng).

For part of its length it runs along the Chinese–Vietnamese border, including the scenic Bản Giốc–Detian Falls.
Suzanne Frey-Kupper
Suzanne Frey-Kupper (born 1958) is a classical archaeologist and numismatist from Switzerland, who is Professor of Classics and Ancient History at the University of Warwick. She specialises in the study of Greek, Roman and Punic coinage, in particular examining their role in historical processes and as social agents.

Numismatist
A numismatist is a specialist, researcher, and/or well-informed collector of numismatics/coins ("of coins"; from Late Latin numismatis, genitive of numisma). Numismatists can include collectors, specialist dealers, and scholar-researchers who use coins (and possibly, other currency) in object-based research. Although use of the term numismatics was first recorded in English in 1799, people had been collecting and studying coins long before then all over the world. The branch of numismatics that deals with the study and collection of paper currency and banknotes is called notaphily.
His Most Faithful Majesty's Council
His Majesty's Council (before 1748); His Most Faithful Majesty's Council (after 1748); was the privy council of the Kings of Portugal. It was composed of a small group of fidalgos of great social and political importance.

In political importance, only his Most Faithful Majesty's ministers were above the council, though they were often part of the council as well.

Most Faithful Majesty
Most Faithful Majesty (Portuguese: Sua Majestade Fidelíssima) was the style used by the Portuguese monarchs, from 1748 to 1910. The title fidelissimus (Latin for 'most faithful') is still attached to Portugal, as it was given to Portugal in the person of its sovereigns, and is still being used by the Holy See.

The sobriquet Most Faithful King (Latin: Rex Fidelissimus, Portuguese: Rei Fidelíssimo) was a title awarded by the Pope Benedict XIV – as spiritual head of the Catholic Church – in 1748, to King João V of Portugal and to his heirs.

The title Fidelissimus remains attached to monarchs descended from whoever received the original sobriquet, and to Portugal itself. The sobriquet can be awarded to either a king or a queen. The only European monarchy that has received the sobriquet was the now-defunct monarchy of Portugal.
Slavka Drašković
Slavka Drašković was a Director of the Office for Cooperation with the Diaspora and Serbs in the Region, in the Government of the Republic of Serbia.

Before taking the post as office director, she was the head of the Serbian Unity Congress, Serbia. Drašković teaches Leadership in Organization at the University School of Business English (Cambridge Associate Partner for Serbia) and Case System Safety and Disasters (Heriot-Watt University). She has extensive experience in management positions and expertise in the field of leadership and system security.

Heriot-Watt University
Heriot-Watt University (Scottish Gaelic: Oilthigh Heriot-Watt) is a public research university based in Edinburgh, Scotland. It was established in 1821 as the School of Arts of Edinburgh, the world's first mechanics' institute, and was subsequently granted university status by royal charter in 1966. It is the eighth-oldest higher education institution in the United Kingdom. The name Heriot-Watt was taken from Scottish inventor James Watt and Scottish philanthropist and goldsmith George Heriot.

The annual income of the institution for 2024–25 was £293.9 million of which £52.3 million was from research grants and contracts, with an expenditure of £301.1 million. Known for its focus on science as well as engineering, it is one of the 23 colleges that were granted university status in the 1960s, and it is sometimes considered a plate glass university, like Lancaster and York.

The university has three campuses in Scotland and one each in the UAE and Malaysia.
Magdhaba-Rafah (battle honour)
Magdhaba-Rafah and Maghdaba-Rafah were battle honours awarded to units of the Australian Imperial Force and the New Zealand Expeditionary Force that took part in the Affair of Magdhaba or the Action of Rafah during the winter of 1916–17 in the Sinai Campaign of the Great War.

Australian units were awarded Magdhaba-Rafah:

1st Light Horse Regiment

2nd Light Horse Regiment

3rd Light Horse Regiment

8th Light Horse Regiment

9th Light Horse Regiment

10th Light Horse Regiment

14th Light Horse Regiment

15th Light Horse Regiment

26th (Tasmanian Mounted Infantry) Light Horse Regiment

New Zealand units were awarded Maghdaba-Rafah:

1st Mounted Rifles (Canterbury Yeomanry Cavalry)

Queen Alexandra's 2nd (Wellington West Coast) Mounted Rifles

3rd (Auckland) Mounted Rifles

4th (Waikato) Mounted Rifles

6th (Manawatu) Mounted Rifles

9th (Wellington East Coast) Mounted Rifles

10th (Nelson) Mounted Rifles

11th (North Auckland) Mounted Rifles

15th Light Horse Regiment (Australia)
The 15th Light Horse Regiment was a mounted infantry regiment of the Australian Army during the First World War. The regiment was raised in Palestine in 1918, from soldiers that had been serving with the Imperial Camel Corps Brigade, and assigned to the 5th Light Horse Brigade. During the war the regiment fought against the forces of the Ottoman Empire, in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign  and was awarded fourteen battle honours. During the inter-war years, the regiment was re-raised as a part-time unit based in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales. It was later converted to a motor regiment during the Second World War but was disbanded in 1944 without having been deployed overseas. In the post war period, the regiment was briefly re-formed, before being amalgamated into the 1st/15th Royal New South Wales Lancers in 1956.
Solaklı Cumhuriyet
Solaklı Cumhuriyet is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Yüreğir, Adana Province, Turkey. Its population is 3,244 (2022). Solaklı was an independent municipality until it was merged into the municipality of Yüreğir in 2008.

Adana Province
Adana Province (Turkish: Adana ili) is a province and metropolitan municipality of Turkey located in central Cilicia. The administrative seat of the province is the city of Adana, home to 78.25% of the residents of the province. Its area is 13,844 km2, and its population is 2,274,106 (2022). It is also closely associated with other Cilician provinces of Mersin, Osmaniye, and (northern) Hatay.
SMS G96
SMS G96 was a large torpedo boat of the Imperial German Navy that was built and served during the First World War. She was the prototype ship of the 1916 Mobilisation Type torpedo boats, and was launched at Germaniawerft's Kiel shipyard on 19 September 1916, completing in December that year.

G96 was deployed to the Flanders Flotilla in February 1917 and took part in several raids on British shipping in the English Channel. She was sunk by a mine on 26 June 1917.

Flanders U-boat flotilla
The Flanders U-boat flotilla (German: Unterseeboots Flotille Flandern) was an Imperial German Navy formation set up to prosecute the U-boat campaign against Allied shipping in the Channel and the North Sea (British Home Waters) during the First World War. The Flanders U-boat Flotilla was one of the naval components of the Naval Corps. Originally operating as a flotilla, it was split in two during the latter part of the war.
1800s (decade)
The 1800s (pronounced "eighteen-hundreds") was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on 1 January 1800, and ended on 31 December 1809.

The term "eighteen-hundreds" could also mean the entire century from 1 January 1800 to 31 December 1899 (the years beginning with "18"), and is almost synonymous with the 19th century (1801–1900).

The decade was a period of drastic change. The advancements of the previous three decades towards the end of the 18th century had propelled the Industrial Revolution into a global movement, with entire wars fought with the newly developed technologies – creating an impetus to imperialist campaigns across Africa and Asia, as well as the counter-movement on Latin America later on.

Gabriel's Rebellion
Gabriel's Rebellion was a planned slave rebellion in the Richmond, Virginia, area in the summer of 1800. Information regarding the revolt was leaked before its execution, and Gabriel, an enslaved blacksmith who planned the event, and twenty-five of his followers were hanged.

Gabriel's planned uprising was notable not because of its results—the rebellion was quelled before it could begin—but because of its potential for mass chaos and widespread violence.

Afterward, Virginia and other state legislatures passed restrictions on free blacks, as well as prohibiting the education, assembly, and hiring of enslaved people, to restrict their ability and chances to plan similar rebellions.
Fem Belling
Fem Belling (born 6 December 1978) is a South African-born, Australian jazz vocalist and violinist with a dual career in stage musicals and jazz singing. Belling was raised in Johannesburg and later moved to Cape Town to establish a career in musical theatre before moving to London as a leading lady in the West End. Lead roles include Hairspray, Fame, Footloose, Cats (original South African cast) and Liza Minnelli in the 2011 production of The Boy from Oz starring Todd McKenney.

Belling claims 5 Vita awards, a Green Room Award nomination for Best Leading Actress in the Musical Genesis to Broadway and shares an ARIA nomination from her involvement in The Public Opinion Afro Orchestra.

Todd McKenney
Todd McKenney (born 31 May 1965) is an Australian dancer, theatre performer and TV personality. He is best known as a judge on the Australian television talent show Dancing with the Stars.

As a theatre performer, he has appeared in numerous productions, notably singer Peter Allen in the theatre production The Boy from Oz.
Shayad
Shayad (Urdu: شاید; transl. Perhaps) is a 2017 Pakistani drama serial directed by Bashar Momin director Syed Ali Raza Usama, produced by Babar Javed and written by Faiza Iftikhar, based on her novel of same name. The drama stars Uzair Jaswal, Sadia Khan and Noman Ijaz in lead roles, and premiered on 4 November 2017 on Geo Entertainment. It was the second serial of singer turned actor Uzair Jaswal after Moray Saiyaan.

Babar Javed
Babar Javed Mughal (Urdu: بابر جاوید) is a Pakistani television and film producer and  director. He has produced and directed series such as Meri Zaat Zarra-e-Benishan, Qaid-e-Tanhai, Mera Saaein, Main Abdul Qadir Hoon, Aasmanon Pay Likha, Bashar Momin, Adhoora Bandhan, and Mor Mahal, all under his production company A&B Entertainment that he co-founded with actor turned filmmaker Asif Raza Mir. Javed has earned eight Lux Style Awards as a director and producer. In 2016, he received his first ARY Film Award nomination for producing the 2015 biopic film Manto.
Social impact assessment
Social impact assessment (SIA) is a methodology to review the social effects of infrastructure projects and other development interventions. Although SIA is usually applied to planned interventions, the same techniques can be used to evaluate the social impact of unplanned events, for example, disasters, demographic change, and epidemics. SIA is important in applied anthropology, as its main goal is to deliver positive social outcomes and eliminate any possible negative or long term effects.

Applied anthropology research methods
Anthropology is the study of human societal and cultural development in the past, present, and future with a number of facets that are categorized into five different fields. These fields include: biological (physical) anthropology, cultural (socio-cultural) anthropology, linguistic anthropology (linguistics), archaeology, and applied anthropology. Applied anthropology is the analysis of human interaction with the purpose of solving practical problems that affect and arise throughout time between cultures and societies. Applied anthropologists use many different methods to conduct research on agriculture, health and medicine, housing, social services, political-economic development, displacement and resettlement, business and industry, education, nutrition, environment, and aging. Applied anthropology research methods are: policy research, evaluation research, cultural intervention, activist (action) research, participatory action research (PAR).
Missouri Route 231
Route 231 is a highway in the St. Louis, Missouri, area. It begins at U.S. Routes 61 and 67 (US 61 / US 67) in Arnold. It follows Telegraph Road through Jefferson and St. Louis counties, being Oakville's main thoroughfare. It then continues further north as Kingston Drive and then Broadway. It ends at River City Casino Boulevard, at the St. Louis city limits. The road continues north, further into St. Louis, as Broadway. It closely parallels the Mississippi River for its entire route.

Arnold, Missouri
Arnold is a city in northeastern Jefferson County, Missouri, situated near the confluence of the Meramec and Mississippi rivers. A suburb of St. Louis, the city lies within the Greater St. Louis metropolitan statistical area.  The population was 20,858 at the 2020 United States census, which makes it the most populous community in the county.
Anamnesis (Christianity)
Anamnesis (from the Attic Greek word ἀνάμνησις, lit. 'reminiscence'  or 'memorial sacrifice') is a liturgical statement in Christianity in which the Church refers to the memorial character of the Eucharist or to the Passion, Resurrection and Ascension of Jesus. It has its origin in Jesus' words at the Last Supper, "Do this in memory of me" ("τοῦτο ποιεῖτε εἰς τὴν ἐμὴν ἀνάμνησιν"), (Luke 22:19, 1 Corinthians 11:24-25).

Anamnesis is also a key concept in the liturgical theology: in worship, Christians recall God's saving deeds. This memorial aspect is not simply a passive process but one by which the Christian can actually enter into the Paschal mystery.

Attic Greek
Attic Greek is the Greek dialect of the ancient region of Attica, including the polis of Athens. Often called Classical Greek, it was the prestige dialect of the Greek world for centuries and remains the standard form of the language that is taught to students of Ancient Greek. As the basis of the Hellenistic Koine, it is the most similar of the ancient dialects to later Greek. Attic is traditionally classified as a member or sister dialect of the Ionic branch.
2013 Dutch Open Grand Prix
The 2013 Dutch Open Grand Prix was the thirtieth grand prix gold and grand prix tournament of the 2013 BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix. The tournament was held in Topsportcentrum, Almere, Netherlands October 8 until October 13, 2013 and had a total purse of $50,000.

Topsportcentrum (Almere)
The Topsportcentrum is an indoor sports arena, located in Almere, Netherlands. Designed by architectural studio ZJA, it opened on the 7th of October in 2007. Its operator is the city of Almere and its main hall has a capacity of 3,000 people. The sports it is used most for are volleyball and basketball, with VC Allvo and Almere Pioneers using the venue as their home arena.

The hall was finished in 2007 and costed €14 million. From 2007 until 2013, the hall was used for the final of the NBB Cup, the main cup competition for men's basketball teams.

On 24 February 2020, Basketball Nederland announced the national basketball team will play its international home games in Almere until 2023.
2016 United States Senate election in Vermont
The 2016 United States Senate election in Vermont was held November 8, 2016, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the state of Vermont, concurrently with the 2016 U.S. presidential election, as well as other elections to the United States Senate in other states and elections to the United States House of Representatives and various state and local elections. The primaries were held August 9.

Incumbent Democratic Senator Patrick Leahy, the most senior member in the Senate, the longest-serving U.S. Senator from Vermont, and the first Democrat to be elected to a Senate seat in Vermont, won re-election to a record eighth term in office, as well on his final term in office.

Peter Diamondstone
Peter Isaac Diamondstone (December 19, 1934 – August 30, 2017) was an American lawyer and socialist politician from the state of Vermont, best known as a perennial candidate and co-founder of the Liberty Union Party. He ran for various Vermont political offices, always unsuccessfully, in every election cycle from 1970 until 2016.
Icticephalus
Icticephalus is an extinct genus of therocephalian therapsids from the Middle and Late Permian of South Africa. The type species Icticephalus polycynodon was named from the Tapinocephalus Assemblage Zone by South African paleontologist Robert Broom in 1915. Specimens of Icticephalus have also been described from the Cistecephalus Assemblage Zone. Broom originally placed Icticephalus in the Scaloposauridae, a group of very small therocephalians. Most scaloposaurids are now thought to be juvenile forms of other therocephalians, and Scaloposauridae is no longer recognized as a valid grouping. Icticephalus and other former scaloposaurids are now classified as basal members of Baurioidea.

Lopingian
The Lopingian,  informally the Late or Upper Permian, is the uppermost series/last epoch of the Permian, and last epoch of the Paleozoic. The Lopingian was preceded by the Guadalupian and followed by the Early Triassic.

The name was introduced by Amadeus William Grabau in 1931 and derives from Leping, Jiangxi in China. It consists of two stages/ages. The earlier is the Wuchiapingian and the later is the Changhsingian.

The International Chronostratigraphic Chart (v2018/07) provides a numerical age of 259.1 ±0.5 Ma. If a Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) has been approved, the lower boundary of the earliest stage determines numerical age of an epoch. The GSSP for the Wuchiapingian has a numerical age of 259.8 ± 0.4 Ma.

Evidence from Milankovitch cycles suggests that the length of an Earth day during this epoch was approximately 22 hours.
Ceramic metal-halide lamp
A ceramic metal-halide lamp (CMH), also generically known as a ceramic discharge metal-halide (CDM) lamp, is a type of metal-halide lamp that is 10–20% more efficient than the traditional quartz metal halide and produces a superior color rendition (80-96 CRI).

Applications for these lamps include shop lighting, street lighting, architectural lighting and agricultural lighting including grow lights. A CMH light was first exhibited by the Thorn Lighting Group in 1981 at the Hannover World Light Fair, and the first commercial ceramic metal halide lamps were distributed by Philips in 1994.

The term "Light Emitting Ceramic" (LEC) is sometimes generically used to describe ceramic metal-halide lamps in grow lights in general, though that term is actually the registered trademark of a specific brand of ceramic metal halide light.

Street light
A street light, light pole, lamp pole, lamppost, streetlamp, light standard, or lamp standard is a raised source of light on the edge of a road or path. Similar lights may be found on a railway platform. When urban electric power distribution became ubiquitous in developed countries in the 20th century, lights for urban streets followed, or sometimes led.

Many lamps have light-sensitive photocells or astro clocks that activate the lamp automatically when needed, at times when there is reduced ambient light compared to daytime, such as at dusk, dawn, or under exceptional cloud cover. This function in older lighting systems could be performed with the aid of a solar dial.
Chang Wei-chia
Chang Wei-chia (traditional Chinese: 張緯嘉; simplified Chinese: 张纬嘉; born 24 February 1981) is a Taiwanese freestyle swimmer. She competed in three events at the 1996 Summer Olympics. In the 200m freestyle, she placed 32nd.

When she was in the fourth grade, Chang started out training as a gymnast but because she was too tall, she withdrew from the sport. That same school year, she began training in swimming. Chang competed in several District Games, where she received numerous gold medals. During her competitions, she has conference records and national records. At the Pacific Ocean Games in 1995, she received a gold medal in the 400m freestyle relay, a silver medal in the 800m freestyle relay, and a silver medal in the 200m medley. During the Asian Swimming Championships in Bangkok in 1996, she received a bronze medal in the 400m freestyle relay. By the 2020s, Chang had become a swimming coach.

Swimming at the 1996 Summer Olympics
The swimming competition at the 1996 Summer Olympics was held at the Georgia Tech Aquatic Center in Atlanta, United States. There were 762 competitors from 117 countries. This was the last Olympics where swimming B-finals were held.

At the time of the games, the facility had a temporary 50 m warm-up pool located behind the locker rooms and entry concourse (on the ground); as well as a temporary roof, and open walls (there were wall-like structures/curtains at the diving well and turning end of the pool). The open walls allowed for temporary seating to be in place during the games. A wall and new roof have since been placed on the facility.

A total of 4 world records and 13 Olympic records were set during the competition

The women's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay made its debut at these Games.