hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fredrik Jensen (footballer, born 1997)
Hans Fredrik Jensen (born 9 September 1997) is a Finnish professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for the Super League Greece club Aris and the Finland national team.

Jensen began his senior club career playing for Twente, before signing with FC Augsburg at age 20 in 2018.

UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying
The UEFA Euro 2020 qualifying tournament was a football competition that was played from March 2019 to November 2020 to determine the 24 UEFA member men's national teams that advanced to the UEFA Euro 2020 final tournament, intended to be played across Europe in June and July 2020 before the tournament was delayed by a year due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The competition was linked with the 2018–19 UEFA Nations League, giving countries a secondary route to qualify for the final tournament. For the first time since 1976, no team automatically qualified for the UEFA European Championship as the host country.

The national teams of all 55 UEFA member associations entered the qualifying process, with Kosovo taking part for the first time. The group stage draw took place at the Convention Centre Dublin, Ireland, on 2 December 2018.
Open Source Tripwire
Open Source Tripwire is a free software security and data integrity tool for monitoring and alerting on specific file change(s) on a range of systems originally developed by Eugene H. Spafford and Gene Kim. The project is based on code originally contributed by Tripwire, Inc. in 2000. It is released under the terms of GNU General Public License., but not maintained anymore. The latest update was in 2018.

It works by creating a baseline database, and then regularly comparing the state of the file system with the database. If it detects changes (e.g. addition or modification of some files), it includes these changes in its report, so that the security administrators could check these changes.

File integrity monitoring
File integrity monitoring (FIM) is an internal control or process that performs the act of validating the integrity of operating system and application software files using a verification method between the current file state and a known, good baseline.  This comparison method often involves calculating a known cryptographic checksum of the file's original baseline and comparing with the calculated checksum of the current state of the file. Other file attributes can also be used to monitor integrity.

Generally, the act of performing file integrity monitoring is automated using internal controls such as an application or process. Such monitoring can be performed randomly, at a defined polling interval, or in real-time.
Albert-Auguste Fauvel
Albert-Auguste Fauvel (7 November 1851, in Cherbourg-en-Cotentin – 3 November 1909, in Cherbourg) was a French naturalist, known for providing the first detailed description of the Chinese alligator.

In 1872 he joined the Chinese Maritime Customs Service in Beijing. Later on, he was based in Yantai, from where he spent several years investigating the natural history of Shandong province. In 1877 he relocated to Shanghai, and in 1882–84 was stationed in Hankou. Afterwards, he served as inspecteur des services of the Messageries Maritimes in Paris.

Messageries Maritimes
Messageries Maritimes was a French merchant shipping company. It was originally created in 1851 as Messageries nationales, later called Messageries impériales, and from 1871, Compagnie des messageries maritimes, casually known as "MesMar" or by its initials "MM". Its rectangular house flag, with the letters MM on a white background and red corners, was famous in shipping circles, especially on the Europe-Asia trade lanes.  In 1977 it merged with Compagnie générale transatlantique to form Compagnie générale maritime. In 1996 CGM was privatized and sold to Compagnie Maritime d'Affrètement (CMA) to form CMA CGM.
1914 Milwaukee mayoral election
An election for Mayor of Milwaukee was held on April 7, 1914. Incumbent mayor Gerhard Adolph Bading was re-elected with 56% of the vote in the city's first non-partisan election.

Primary candidates included incumbent mayor Gerhard Adolph Bading, former mayor Emil Seidel, former mayor David S. Rose, and former congressman Theobald Otjen.

Nonpartisanship
Nonpartisanship, also known as nonpartisanism, is a lack of affiliation with a political party and a lack of political bias.

While an Oxford English Dictionary definition of partisan includes adherents of a party, cause, person, etc., in most cases, nonpartisan refers specifically to political party connections rather than being the strict antonym of "partisan".
Brouwer's conjecture
In the mathematical field of spectral graph theory, Brouwer's conjecture is a conjecture by Andries Brouwer on upper bounds for the intermediate sums of the eigenvalues of the Laplacian of a graph in term of its number of edges.

The conjecture states that if G is a simple undirected graph and L(G) its Laplacian matrix, then its eigenvalues λn(L(G)) ≤ λn−1(L(G)) ≤ ... ≤ λ1(L(G)) satisfy

where m(G) is the number of edges of G.

Andries Brouwer
Andries Evert Brouwer (born 1951) is a Dutch mathematician and computer programmer, Professor Emeritus at Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e). He is known as the creator of the greatly expanded 1984 to 1985 versions of the roguelike computer game Hack that formed the basis for NetHack. He is also a Linux kernel hacker. He is sometimes referred to by the handle aeb.
Ngāti Porou
Ngāti Porou is a Māori iwi traditionally located in the East Cape and Gisborne regions of the North Island of New Zealand. It has the second-largest affiliation of any iwi, behind Ngāpuhi, with an estimated 102,480 people according to the 2023 census. The traditional rohe or tribal area of Ngāti Porou extends from Pōtikirua and Lottin Point in the north to Te Toka-a-Taiau (a rock that used to sit in the mouth of Gisborne harbour) in the south. The Ngāti Porou iwi comprises 58 hapū (sub-tribes) and 48 mārae (meeting grounds).

Mount Hikurangi features prominently in Ngāti Porou traditions as a symbol of endurance and strength, and holds tapu status. In these traditions, Hikurangi is often personified. Ngāti Porou traditions indicate that Hikurangi was the first point to surface when Māui fished up the North Island from beneath the ocean. His canoe, the Nuku-tai-memeha, is said to have been wrecked there. The Waiapu River also features in Ngāti Porou traditions.

Tapu (Polynesian culture)
Tapu is a Polynesian traditional concept denoting something holy or sacred, with "spiritual restriction" or "implied prohibition"; it involves rules and prohibitions. The English word taboo derives from the latter meaning and dates from Captain James Cook's visit to Tonga in 1777.

The concept exists in many Polynesian societies, including traditional Māori, Samoan, Kiribati, Rapanui, Tahitian, Hawaiian, and Tongan cultures, in most cases using a recognisably similar word (from Proto-Polynesian *tapu). In Hawaii, a similar concept is known as kapu; /t/ and /k/ are standard allophonic variations in Hawaiian phonology.
Crocetane
Crocetane, or 2,6,11,15-tetramethylhexadecane, is an isoprenoid hydrocarbon. Unlike its isomer phytane, crocetane has a tail-to-tail linked isoprenoid skeleton. Crocetane has been detected in modern sediments and geological records as a biomarker, often associated with anaerobic methane oxidation.

Anaerobic oxidation of methane
Anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is a methane-consuming microbial process occurring in anoxic marine and freshwater sediments. AOM is known to occur among mesophiles, but also in psychrophiles, thermophiles, halophiles, acidophiles, and alkophiles. During AOM, methane is oxidized with different terminal electron acceptors such as sulfate, nitrate, nitrite and metals, either alone or in syntrophy with a partner organism.
Stilbosis extensa
Stilbosis extensa is a moth in the family Cosmopterigidae. It was described by Annette Frances Braun in 1919. It is found in North America where it has been recorded from California.

The wingspan is 7.5–9 mm. The head, thorax and forewings are clothed with whitish-tipped gray scales. There are four patches of blackish raised scales on the forewings, each margined inwardly with dull whitish. The hindwings are gray.

Cosmopterigidae
The Cosmopterigidae  are a family of insects (cosmet moths) in the order Lepidoptera. These are small moths with narrow wings whose tiny larvae feed internally on the leaves, seeds and stems of their host plants. About 1500 species have been described. The taxonomic family is most diverse in the Australian and Pacific region with about 780 species.

Several genera formerly included here have been moved to the Agonoxeninae.
Lemhi County, Idaho
Lemhi County is a county located in the U.S. state of Idaho. As of the 2020 census, the population was 7,974. The largest city and county seat is Salmon. The county was established in 1869 and named after Fort Lemhi (or Limhi), a remote Mormon missionary settlement from 1855 to 1858 on Bannock and Shoshone territory.

Shoshone
The Shoshone or Shoshoni (/ʃoʊˈʃoʊni/ ⓘ shoh-SHOH-nee or /ʃəˈʃoʊni/ ⓘ shə-SHOH-nee), also known by the endonym Newe, are an Indigenous people of the United States with four large cultural/linguistic divisions:

Eastern Shoshone: Wyoming

Northern Shoshone: Southern Idaho

Western Shoshone: California, Nevada, and Northern Utah

Goshute:  western Utah, eastern Nevada

They traditionally speak the Shoshoni language, part of the Numic languages branch of the large Uto-Aztecan language family. The Shoshone were sometimes called the Snake Indians by neighboring tribes and early American explorers.

Their peoples have become members of federally recognized tribes throughout their traditional areas of settlement, often co-located with the Northern Paiute people of the Great Basin.
Old Washington County Library
Old Washington County Library is a historic library building located at 21 Summit Avenue in Hagerstown, Washington County, Maryland, United States. It is a two-story Neo-Georgian stone masonry structure of monumental proportions, built 1900–01. The building appears to be one huge story from the façade.  The building was designed by the noted late 19th-century American architect Bruce Price (1845–1903) and erected  for the Washington County Free Library. It was used by the library until 1965.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

Washington County, Maryland
Washington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Maryland. The population was 154,705 as of the 2020 census. Its county seat and largest city is Hagerstown. The county is part of the Western Maryland region of the state.

Washington County was the first county in the United States to be named for the Revolutionary War general (and later President) George Washington. Washington County is one of three Maryland counties recognized by the Appalachian Regional Commission as being part of Appalachia. The county borders southern Pennsylvania to the north, Northern Virginia to the south, and the Martinsburg Panhandle of West Virginia to the south and west. Washington County is included in the Hagerstown metropolitan area, which is also included in the Washington metropolitan area.
Wiefelstede
Wiefelstede  (German pronunciation: [viːfl̩ˈʃteːdə]; Low German: Wiefelstä) is a municipality in the Ammerland district, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approximately 15 km northwest of Oldenburg.

It is home to Brötje Automation GmbH, an automated aircraft assembly manufacturer.

The St. Johannes Evangelical Lutheran church located in Wiefelstede is the oldest stone church in the Ammerland Region.  The church opened in 1057.

Oldenburg (city)
Oldenburg (German pronunciation: [ˈɔldn̩bʊʁk] ⓘ; Northern Low Saxon: Ollnborg) is an independent city in the state of Lower Saxony, Germany.  The city is officially named Oldenburg (Oldb) (Oldenburg in Oldenburg) to distinguish from Oldenburg in Holstein.

During the French annexation (1811–1813) in the wake of the Napoleonic war against Britain, it was also known as Le Vieux-Bourg in French. The city is at the rivers Hunte and Haaren, in the northwestern region between the cities of Bremen in the east and Groningen (Netherlands) in the west. According to Germany's 2022 census, the city's population is 176.068 in 2024. Oldenburg is part of the Northwest Metropolitan Region, which is home to approximately 2.8 million people.

The city is the place of origin of the House of Oldenburg. Before the end of the German Empire (1918), it was the administrative centre and residence of the monarchs of Oldenburg.
Mattoo
Mattoo, also spelled Mattu, is a Kashmiri clan and surname. They are native to the Kashmir Valley within the Jammu & Kashmir, India.

Notable people who bear the name, but are not necessarily associated with the clan, include:

Amitabh Mattoo, academic

Mehraj Mattoo, banker

Priyadarshini Mattoo, murder victim

Leenesh Mattoo, actor

Junaid Azim Mattu, politician

Sanna Irshad Mattoo, photojournalist

Kashmir Valley
The Kashmir Valley, also known as the Vale of Kashmir, is an intermontane valley in the northern part of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir. The valley is surrounded by the ranges of the Himalayas, bounded on the southwest by the Pir Panjal Range and on the northeast by the Greater Himalayan Range. It is approximately 135 km (84 mi) long and 32 km (20 mi) wide, and drained by the Jhelum River. It falls entirely within the Kashmir Division of Jammu and Kashmir.
WildAid
WildAid is an environmental organization based in San Francisco, California, United States.

WildAid focuses on reducing the demand for wildlife products. WildAid works with Asian, Western celebrities and business leaders to dissuade people from purchasing wildlife products via public service announcements and educational initiatives hence reaching hundreds of millions of people per year.

WildAid operates a field program in the Galapagos Islands, protecting the Galápagos Marine Reserve, apprehending poachers and smugglers and creating economic alternatives to local communities. WildAid works with media, governments, celebrities and local partners as well as communities worldwide to make wildlife conservation a global priority. WildAid has partnered with organizations such as the African Wildlife Foundation, the David and Lucile Packard Foundation, and Shark Savers. Charity Navigator has given WildAid a perfect score of 100.00 since December 1, 2016.

Charity Navigator
Charity Navigator is a charity assessment organization that evaluates more than 200,000 charitable organizations based in the United States, operating as a 501(c)(3) organization. It provides insights into a nonprofit's financial stability, adherence to best practices for both accountability and transparency, and results reporting. It is the largest and most-utilized evaluator of charities in the United States. It does not accept any advertising or donations from the organizations it evaluates.

According to a 2025 study, ratings by Charity Navigator shape donor behaviors, as donors increase their contributions to better rated charities. The study also found that charities try to achieve better ratings by cutting expenditures on administration and fundraising, as well as misreporting or mislabelling expenditures to game the ratings. Another study from 2025 found that Charity Navigator ratings are also a good predictor for the number of volunteers in nonprofit organizations.
Kaeng Tana National Park
Kaeng Tana National Park is in Khong Chiam District in Ubon Ratchathani Province, northeastern Thailand. It is on the Mun River. It was established on 13 July 1981 and is an IUCN Category II protected area.: 399

IUCN protected area categories
IUCN protected area categories, or IUCN protected area management categories, are categories used to classify protected areas in a system developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

The enlisting of such areas is part of a strategy being used toward the conservation of the world's natural environment and biodiversity. The IUCN has developed the protected area management categories system to define, record and classify the wide variety of specific aims and concerns when categorising protected areas and their objectives. Further supplementary guidelines have been developed specific to marine protected areas (MPAs).

This categorisation method is recognised on a global scale by national governments and international bodies such as the United Nations and the Convention on Biological Diversity.
Elena de Galantha
Elena de Galantha (24 November 1890 – 5 January 1986) was an Austro-Hungarian histologist. She is considered a pioneer in the field of modern histology and known for the de Galantha technique and the de Galantha stain.

Histology
Histology, also known as microscopic anatomy, microanatomy or histoanatomy, is the branch of biology that studies the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues. Histology is the microscopic counterpart to gross anatomy, which looks at larger structures visible without a microscope.

Historically, microscopic anatomy was divided into organology, the study of organs, histology, the study of tissues, and cytology, the study of cells, although modern usage places all of these topics under the field of histology. In medicine, histopathology is the branch of histology that includes the microscopic identification and study of diseased tissue. In the field of paleontology, the term paleohistology refers to the histology of fossil organisms.
Anthony Briscoe
Anthony Briscoe (born 16 August 1978) is a footballer who played as a forward for Shrewsbury Town in The Football League.

He made his debut for the Shrews on 1 February 1997 in the Second Division 2–0 defeat to Bristol Rovers at the Memorial Ground. He came on as a second-half substitute for Nick Ward.

Memorial Stadium (Bristol)
The Memorial Stadium, also commonly known by its previous name of the Memorial Ground, is a sports ground in Bristol, England, and is the home of Bristol Rovers Football Club. It opened in 1921, dedicated to the memory of local rugby union players killed during the First World War and was the home of Bristol Rugby Club until they moved to Ashton Gate in 2014.
Lord Lawson of Beamish Academy
Lord Lawson of Beamish Academy (formerly Lord Lawson of Beamish Community School) is a coeducational secondary school and sixth form located in the town of Birtley in the Gateshead area of Tyne and Wear, England. It was first opened to pupils in the early 1970s and was rebuilt in September 2007. The new building was constructed by Sir Robert McAlpine.

Previously a community school administered by Gateshead Metropolitan Borough Council, in March 2012 Lord Lawson of Beamish Community School converted to academy status and was renamed Lord Lawson of Beamish Academy.

The school's principal is Andrew Fowler who began his headship in June 2019. It was most recently inspected by Ofsted in November 2022 where it was assigned a 'Good' grading (or 4/5 stars) in all areas of the framework.

Birtley, Tyne and Wear
Birtley is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Gateshead, in Tyne and Wear, England. It is situated to the south of Gateshead and is conjoined to Chester-le-Street across the county boundary in County Durham.
C. Jayachandran
Chandrasekharan Kartha Jayachandran (സി. ജയചന്ദ്രൻ; born 28 May 1972) is an Indian judge presently serving as an additional judge of the Kerala High Court. Headquartered at Ernakulam, Kochi, this is the highest court in the Indian state of Kerala and in the union territory of Lakshadweep. Jayachandran was appointed as an additional judge of the High Court with effect from 20 October 2021. He had joined the judicial service directly as an additional district judge in February 2011, and worked as Principal District Judge in Kollam, Thiruvananthapuram and Kottayam.

He completed a LLB at the Kerala Law Academy and an LLM at the Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala.

Mahatma Gandhi University, Kerala
Mahatma Gandhi University (MGU), commonly referred to as MG University, is a state owned public university headquartered in Kottayam in the state of Kerala, India. It was established on 2 October 1983 on Gandhi Jayanti day.

Mahatma Gandhi University (formerly Gandhiji University) has been approved by University Grants Commission (UGC) and accredited with the highest grade of 'A++ (CGPA - 3.61) by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council of India. The university has 31 departments of teaching and research and around 260 affiliated colleges spread over five districts in central Kerala.

In March 2025, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam has been awarded the prestigious Category 1 Grade by the University Grants Commission (UGC). This  recognition granted MGU extensive autonomy to launch new initiatives and establish institutions without prior UGC approval, making it the first university in the state to achieve this distinction.
Fiona Tuite
Fiona Tuite (born 27 December 1996) is an Irish rugby union player who plays as a second row and blindside flanker for Ulster Rugby and the Ireland women's national rugby union team. She made her international debut in 2023 and was part of Ireland's squad for the 2025 Women's Rugby World Cup.

Before switching to rugby, Tuite competed in athletics at international level, specialising in shot put. She represented Ireland in the 2013 IAAF World Youth Championships.

Ireland women's national rugby union team
The Ireland women's national rugby union team represents Ireland in international women's rugby union competitions such as the Women's Six Nations Championship and the Women's Rugby World Cup. They have also represented Ireland in the FIRA Women's European Championship. Ireland won the 2013 and 2015 Women's Six Nations Championships. In 2013 they also achieved both a Triple Crown and Grand Slam. They finished fourth in the 2014 Women's Rugby World Cup after defeating New Zealand in the pool stages. Ireland hosted the 2017 Women's Rugby World Cup. The team was part of the by the Irish Women's Rugby Football Union (IWRFU). In 2009, the women were taken on by the Irish Rugby Football Union.
Khao kaeng
Khao kaeng or Khao gaeng (Thai: ข้าวแกง), literally "rice and curry", also known as khao rat kaeng (Thai: ข้าวราดแกง), meaning "curry on rice", is a traditional Thai dish consisting of steamed rice served with a variety of curries and side dishes. This dish is a staple of Thai cuisine, particularly popular as a quick and flavorful meal and can be found in restaurants, food stalls and markets across Thailand. The dish is typically characterized by its rich and spicy curries, which are often balanced with fried foods and vegetables.

Frying
Frying is the cooking of food in oil or another fat. Similar to sautéing, pan-fried foods are generally turned over once or twice during cooking to ensure that the food is evenly cooked, using tongs or a spatula, whereas sautéed foods are cooked by "tossing in the pan". A large variety of foods may be fried. Frying is a dehydration process which involves the transfer of mass and heat. Different chemical changes take place during the frying process such as protein denaturation, starch gelatinization, surface browning, rapid water evaporation and oil absorption.
1986 Gator Bowl
The 1986 Gator Bowl (December) game was a post-season college football bowl game between the Stanford Cardinal and the Clemson Tigers, played on December 27, 1986, at Gator Bowl Stadium in Jacksonville, Florida. It was the 42nd edition of the bowl game. Through a sponsorship agreement announced in November, the bowl was officially known as the Mazda Gator Bowl.

Brad Muster
Bradley William Muster (born April 11, 1965) is an American former professional football player who was a fullback in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Stanford Cardinal. He was selected in the first round (23rd overall) of the 1988 NFL draft by the Chicago Bears.