hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sam Byram
Samuel Mark Byram (born 16 September 1993) is an English professional footballer who plays as a defender for Premier League club Leeds United. Principally a left-back, he can also play as a right-back.

Byram has previously played for West Ham United and Norwich City, as well as a loan move to Nottingham Forest in 2018.

2018–19 EFL Championship
The 2018–19 EFL Championship (referred to as the Sky Bet Championship for sponsorship reasons) was the third season of the EFL Championship under its current name, and the twenty-seventh season under its current league structure. Norwich City were crowned champions on the final day, following a 2–1 win over Aston Villa.
Haborodelphis
Haborodelphis is an extinct genus of beluga-like odontocete cetacean known from the Early Pliocene from the north-west Pacific. It was first named by Hiroto Ichishima and colleagues in 2018 and the type species is H. japonicus.

The type fossil was found in the Embetsu Formation in Haboro, Japan. There is only one known specimen as of 2021.

2018 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2018.
Casad Dam
Casad Dam is a concrete arch dam in Bremerton, Kitsap County, Washington), built starting in 1955 and completed in 1957.

The dam is Kitsap County's only major water diversion structure, impounding Union River to form a reservoir that is the source of over half of Bremerton's municipal water supply. The water is gravity fed from the reservoir at 607 feet (185 m) in the hills to the city, most of which is at or near sea level.

Bremerton owns 95% of the land in its 3,000-acre (1,200 ha) watershed, and the Union River reservoir behind Casad Dam holds 1,400,000,000 US gallons (5,300,000 m3) of water. The city is unusual in drawing most of its water supply from an open air source, the reservoir, which can occasionally be affected by algal blooms.

The dam's intake tower underwent seismic retrofit in 2012 to withstand a 0.78 g peak acceleration in a maximum credible earthquake from the Seattle Fault which runs about four miles (7 km) away, on the north side of Green Mountain.

Green Mountain (Kitsap County, Washington)
Green Mountain is a 1,700-foot (520 m) summit in the Blue Hills on the Kitsap Peninsula of Washington state, in the United States' Pacific Northwest.  It is the second highest point on the Kitsap Peninsula and in Kitsap County, Washington, after 1,761-foot (537 m) Gold Mountain.

It lies within the boundaries of the 6,000-acre (2,400 ha) Green Mountain State Forest, which is adjacent to the City of Bremerton watershed, about seven miles (11 km) west of downtown Bremerton. There is a forest road, open to motorized traffic, to the summit, where there is a picnic area with vistas of Seattle and the Cascade Mountains to the east, and the Olympic Mountains to the west.

As of 2014, there is a single microwave tower on the mountain.
Style Network (Australia)
Style Network (known on air as Style) was an Australian pay television channel that owned by Universal Networks International. It was a domestic version of the American Style Network (which it outlasted by six years after that network was converted to the short-lived men's interest Esquire Network), and much like its American counterpart it featured fashion, design, and programming for women.

It was available through the Foxtel and FetchTV platforms. In 2014, it became available on Australian streaming service Foxtel Play.

Fetch TV
Fetch TV is an Australian IPTV provider that offers a subscription television service over a user's regular internet connection. It is majority owned by Telstra, who acquired a 51.4% stake in the company on the 2nd of August 2022. Fetch TV was initially launched in July 2010 by Malaysian Astro Malaysia Holdings.

Fetch TV provides a set-top box with a digital TV tuner, a personal video recorder, and up to 40+ subscription channels. It also offers video-on-demand, pay-per-view movies, web applications, and a mobile app.

The service is delivered using HLS adaptive bitrate streaming. The minimum internet sync speed required varies depending on the ISP delivery method. Most of Fetch TV's content is unmetered when delivered over a broadband connection from a Fetch TV ISP partner.
Dalbergia candenatensis
Dalbergia candenatensis is a species of liana, with the Vietnamese name trắc một hột (or me nước). It is now placed in the subfamily Faboideae and tribe Dalbergieae; no subspecies are listed in the Catalogue of Life.

Liana
A liana (/liˈænə/ lee-ANN-ə, also /-ɑːnə/ -⁠AH-nə) is a long-stemmed woody vine that is rooted in the soil at ground level and uses trees, as well as other means of vertical support, to climb up to the canopy in search of direct sunlight. The word liana does not refer to a taxonomic grouping, but rather a habit of plant growth—much like tree or shrub. It comes from standard French liane, itself from an Antilles French dialect word meaning 'to sheave'.
Lymantria subrosea
Lymantria subrosea is a moth of the family Erebidae first described by Francis Walker in 1855. It is found from Sri Lanka to China and Sundaland, the Philippines, Sulawesi, Seram, the Lesser Sundas to Timor. The Sumatran population is categorized under the subspecies, Lymantria subrosea singapura.

The caterpillar is a pest of Terminalia cala and Shorea robusta.

Sundaland
Sundaland (also called Sundaica or the Sundaic region) is a biogeographical region of Southeast Asia corresponding to a larger landmass that was exposed throughout the last 2.6 million years during periods when sea levels were lower. It includes Bali, Borneo, Java, and Sumatra in Indonesia, and their surrounding small islands, as well as the Malay Peninsula on Mainland Southeast Asia.
Swizzor
Swizzor is a trojan horse. This Trojan program is a Windows PE EXE file, 62 KB in size.

It has numerous aliases such as:

Downloader.Swizzor (AVG)

Trojan-Downloader.Win32.Swizzor.cc (Kaspersky Lab)

Trojan.Swizzor (Doctor Web),

Troj/Swizzor-CC (Sophos),

TROJ_SWIZZOR.CC (Trend Micro),

Trojan.Downloader.Swizzor.CC (SOFTWIN),

Suspect File (Panda),

Win32/TrojanDownloader.Swizzor.CC (Eset)

TR/Dldr.Swizzor.Gen (Avira)

The Trojan works by downloading and launching files from the Internet on the infected machine. The trojan is rated as a medium risk.

Windows Executable File
In Windows, OS/2, and DOS, .exe is the filename extension for a file that is runnable as a native executable computer program. Such a file is sometimes referred to an EXE – as one historical way to identify a file extension is without the dot prefix and capitalized.
Tritonia kamisbergensis
Tritonia kamisbergensis is a perennial flowering plant and geophyte belonging to the genus Tritonia and is part of the fynbos and the Succulent Karoo. The plant is endemic to the Northern Cape and occurs in Namaqualand and Kamiesberge. Here the species has a range of 391 km² and there are three subpopulations. The plant is considered rare.

Succulent Karoo
The Succulent Karoo is an ecoregion defined by the World Wide Fund for Nature to include regions of desert in South Africa and Namibia, and a biodiversity hotspot. The geographic area chosen by the WWF for what they call 'Succulent Karoo' does not correspond to the actual Karoo.
2024 NÖ Open – Doubles
Zdeněk Kolář and Blaž Rola were the defending champions but only Rola chose to defend his title, partnering Mohamed Safwat. They lost in the first round to Gerald Melzer and Lukas Neumayer.

Miloš Karol and Vitaliy Sachko won the title after defeating Karol Drzewiecki and Piotr Matuszewski 6–4, 2–6, [11–9] in the final.

Piotr Matuszewski
Piotr Matuszewski (born 22 April 1998) is a Polish tennis player who specializes in doubles.
He has a career high ATP doubles ranking of world No. 77 achieved on 24 February 2025.
Matuszewski has won eight ATP Challenger doubles titles.
Coltrane changes
Coltrane changes (Coltrane Matrix or cycle, also known as chromatic third relations and multi-tonic changes) are a harmonic progression variation using substitute chords over common jazz chord progressions. These substitution patterns were first demonstrated by jazz musician John Coltrane on the albums Bags & Trane (on the track "Three Little Words") and Cannonball Adderley Quintet in Chicago (on "Limehouse Blues"). Coltrane continued his explorations on the 1960 album Giant Steps and expanded on the substitution cycle in his compositions "Giant Steps" and "Countdown", the latter of which is a reharmonized version of Eddie Vinson's "Tune Up". The Coltrane changes are a standard advanced harmonic substitution used in jazz improvisation.

Circle of fifths
In music theory, the circle of fifths (sometimes also cycle of fifths) is a way of organizing the pitches of the chromatic scale as a cycle of perfect fifths.

Starting on a C, and using the standard system of tuning for Western music (12-tone equal temperament), the sequence is: C, G, D, A, E, B, F♯/G♭, C♯/D♭, G♯/A♭, D♯/E♭, A♯/B♭, F, and C. This order places the most closely related key signatures adjacent to one another.

Twelve-tone equal temperament tuning divides each octave into twelve equivalent semitones, and the circle of fifths leads to a C seven octaves above the starting point. If the fifths are tuned with an exact frequency ratio of 3:2 (the system of tuning known as just intonation), this is not the case (the circle does not "close").
Hog Island (Tasmania)
Hog Island is a small islet and nature reserve, with an area of 0.35 hectares (0.86 acres), part of the Sloping Island Group, lying in the Frederick Henry Bay, close to the south-eastern coast of Tasmania, Australia. The island is situated around the Tasman and Forestier Peninsulas.

Recorded breeding seabird and wader species are Pacific gull, kelp gull, sooty oystercatcher and Caspian tern.

Tasman Peninsula
The Tasman Peninsula, officially Turrakana / Tasman Peninsula, is a peninsula located in south-east Tasmania, Australia, approximately 75 km (47 mi) by the Arthur Highway, south-east of Hobart.

The Tasman Peninsula lies south and west of Forestier Peninsula, to which it connects via a narrow (less than 30 metres (98 ft) wide at its narrowest point) isthmus called Eaglehawk Neck. This in turn is joined to the rest of Tasmania by an isthmus called East Bay Neck, near the town of Dunalley, approximately 60 kilometres (37 mi) by road from Hobart. The peninsula is surrounded by water; to the north by Norfolk Bay, to the northwest by Frederick Henry Bay, to the west and south by Storm Bay, and to the east by the Tasman Sea.
MacInnis
MacInnis is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Ai Hua (born Charlotte MacInnis in 1981), American television presenter active in China

Al MacInnis (born 1963), Canadian hockey defenseman

Alison MacInnis (born 1980), American actress

Angus MacInnis (1884–1964), Canadian politician

David Macinnis Gill (born 1963), American author

Donald MacInnis (1918–2007), Canadian politician

Gordon MacInnis (born 1945), Canadian businessman and politician

Grace MacInnis (1905–1991), Canadian politician and feminist

Joseph B. MacInnis (born 1937), Canadian explorer, the first scientist to dive under the North Pole

Lloyd MacInnis (1917–1965), Canadian radio host and television presenter

Malcolm MacInnis (1933–2023), Canadian politician

William H. MacInnis (1861-?), American politician

Joseph B. MacInnis
Joseph Beverly MacInnis CM (born 2 March 1937) is a Canadian physician, author, and diver. In 1974, MacInnis was the first scientist to dive in the near-freezing waters beneath the North Pole.  In 1976 he became a member of the Order of Canada.

MacInnis currently studies leadership in high risk environments and gives leadership presentations in North America and Europe. His audiences have included Microsoft, IBM, National Geographic, Rolex, Visa, Toyota and the U.S. Naval Academy.

MacInnis led ten research expeditions under the Arctic Ocean. He was among the first people to dive to the wreck of the RMS Titanic. In 2012 he was a medical advisor and journalist on the James Cameron-National Geographic seven-mile science dive into the Mariana Trench.

MacInnis has worked with the U.S. Navy, the Canadian Forces and the Russian Academy of Sciences. He has written ten books. His latest, Deep Leadership: Essential Insights from High Risk Environments, was published by Random House.
Desportivo Brasil
Desportivo Brasil Participações Ltda., commonly referred to as Desportivo Brasil, is a Brazilian professional association football club based in Porto Feliz, São Paulo. The team competes in the Campeonato Paulista Série A3, the third tier of the São Paulo state football league.

Porto Feliz
Porto Feliz (Portuguese: Happy Haven) is a municipality in the Brazilian state of São Paulo. It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Sorocaba. The population is 53,402 (2020 est.) in an area of 556.69 km2. The elevation is 523 m. The largest factory in the city called a Porto Feliz S/A is responsible for the demand for corrugated cardboard packaging of the entire state and all Brazil. The mother of Queen Silvia of Sweden, Alice Soares de Toledo, was born in this city.
Chisocheton lansiifolius
Chisocheton lansiifolius is a tree in the family Meliaceae. The specific epithet lansiifolius is from the Latin, meaning leaves resembling those of  the genus Lansium, specifically Lansium parasiticum.

Meliaceae
Meliaceae, the mahogany family, is a flowering plant family of mostly trees and shrubs (and a few herbaceous plants, mangroves) in the order Sapindales.

They are characterised by alternate, usually pinnate leaves without stipules, and by syncarpous, apparently cryptically unisexual flowers borne in panicles, cymes, spikes or clusters. Most species are evergreen, but some are deciduous, either in the dry season or in winter.

The family includes about 53 genera and about 600 known species, with a pantropical distribution; one genus (Toona) extends north into temperate China and south into southeast Australia, another (Synoum) into southeast Australia, and another (Melia) nearly as far north. They most commonly grow as understory trees in rainforests, but are also found in mangroves and arid regions.

The fossil record of the family extends back into the Late Cretaceous.
The Art of Loss
The Art of Loss is the sixth studio album of American progressive metal band Redemption. It is the band's last studio album to feature vocalist Ray Alder. It is also their first album without guitarist and founding member Bernie Versailles, who has been on indefinite medical leave of absence from the band since suffering an aneurysm in October 2014. To replace Versailles in the recordings, the guitarist and DGM member Simone Mularoni and former Megadeth guitar players Chris Poland, Chris Broderick and Marty Friedman were invited. Vocalist John Bush of Armored Saint appears as a guest singer on "Love, Reign o'er Me", a cover of a song originally recorded by The Who.

The album was released on February 26, 2016 via Metal Blade Records and can be streamed in its entirety in the SoundCloud and Bandcamp pages of the band. A video was made for the title track, which features a guest appearance by guitarist Chris Poland. The video was directed by Brian Cox of Flarelight Films.

DGM (band)
DGM ("Diego, Gianfranco and Maurizio", after the founding members) is an Italian progressive metal band. Over the course of the band's history, they have had numerous line-up changes, with none of the founding members are in the band's current line up with eight previous members since 1994.
Ernie Egdell
Ernest Egdell (29 May 1922 – 27 February 1976) was an English amateur footballer who played in the Football League for Darlington and in non-league football for Consett. He appeared only once for Darlington in competitive matches, on 16 September 1946, standing in for Tom Kelly at right back in a 4–1 Third Division North defeat away to local rivals Hartlepools United. The West Hartlepool-based Northern Daily Mail match report refers to him as "Edgehill".

Egdell was born in Newcastle upon Tyne in 1922, and died in Salford, Greater Manchester, in 1976 at the age of 53.

Consett A.F.C.
Consett Association Football Club is a football club based in Consett in County Durham, England. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Division One East and play at Belle View Stadium.
Justin Kan
Justin Kan (born July 16, 1983) is an American internet entrepreneur and investor. He is the co-founder of live video platforms Justin.tv and Twitch, as well as the mobile social video application Socialcam. He was also the co-founder and former CEO of law-tech company Atrium before it was shut down in March 2020. In 2021, he launched NFT marketplace Fractal, which was renamed to Stash in 2024.

He was a partner at Silicon Valley incubator Y Combinator. He gained widespread attention for his "lifecasting" experiment on Justin.tv, where he attempted to broadcast his entire life. Kan also started a Reddit-style electronic music discovery platform, The Drop.

Socialcam
Socialcam was a mobile social video application for iPhone, Android and Windows Phone, that was launched March 7, 2011 and ended October 28, 2015. It allowed users to capture and share videos online and on mobile, as well as via Facebook, Twitter, and other social networks. By July 2012, the application passed 16 million downloads and was acquired by Autodesk for $60 million. Socialcam was founded by Michael Seibel, Ammon Bartram, and Guillaume Luccisano. Its facility was located in San Francisco, California, US.
Central Railway Metro station
The Metro station Central Railway (Bulgarian: Метростанция „Централна жп гара“) serves Sofia Central Station on the Sofia Metro in Bulgaria. It opened on 31 August 2012. Bulgaria's PM Boyko Borisov and  the President of the European Commission Jose Manuel Barroso inaugurated the new section of the Sofia Metro, which was funded with EU money.

Trams in Sofia
The Sofia tram network is a vital part of the public transportation system of Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria. It began operation on January 1, 1901. As of 2006, the tram system included approximately 308 kilometres (191 miles) of narrow and standard gauge one-way track. Most of the track is a narrow gauge (1,009 mm (3 ft 3+23⁄32 in)), with standard gauge (1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)) used on lines 20, 21, 22 and 23 and accounting for approximately 40 kilometres (25 mi) of the system's track length.
Rhagium bifasciatum
Rhagium bifasciatum, sometimes called the two-banded longhorn beetle, is one of the most common longhorn beetles in Europe, Turkey and the Caucasus, although it is absent from the far north-east of Europe and some offshore islands, such as Malta. It may reach 22 millimetres (0.87 in) long and can be distinguished by the two prominent pale yellow bands on each of the elytra, although up to seventeen different patterns have been recognised.

Like other longhorn beetles, R. bifasciatum lays its eggs in dead wood, mostly of coniferous trees, where they bore deep, broad tunnels until they are ready to pupate after about two years. The adults feed on a wide variety of coniferous and broad-leaved trees.

Elytron
An elytron (/ˈɛlɪtrɒn/; from Ancient Greek  ἔλυτρον (élutron) 'sheath, cover'; pl.: elytra,  /ˈɛlɪtrə/) is a modified, hardened forewing of beetles (Coleoptera), though a few of the true bugs (Hemiptera) such as the family Schizopteridae are extremely similar; in true bugs, the forewings are called hemelytra (sometimes alternatively spelled as "hemielytra"), and in most species only the basal half is thickened while the apex is membranous, but when they are entirely thickened the condition is referred to as "coleopteroid". An elytron is sometimes also referred to as a shard.
Manasik
Manasik (Arabic: مناسك) is the whole of rites and ceremonies that have to be performed by Islamic pilgrims in and around Mecca. The Qur'an differentiates between two manasiks: The Manasik of Hajj, has to be done in the month Dhu al-Hijjah and The Manasik of ʿUmra, which can be performed any time of the year. The knowledge of manasik is an independent part of Fiqh.

Umrah
The Umrah (Arabic: عُمْرَة, lit. 'to visit a populated place') is an Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, the holiest city for Muslims, located in the Hejazi region of Saudi Arabia. It can be undertaken at any time of the year, in contrast to the Ḥajj  (/hædʒ/; "pilgrimage"), which has specific dates according to the Islamic lunar calendar. However, during the Hajj season (Dhu al-Hijjah), only those who are performing Hajj are permitted to perform Umrah, as per regulations set by the Saudi government to manage crowd control and ensure safety.
Fences (play)
Fences is a 1985 play by the American playwright August Wilson. Set in the 1950s, it is the sixth in Wilson's ten-part "Pittsburgh Cycle". Like all of the "Pittsburgh" plays, Fences explores the evolving African-American experience and examines race relations, among other themes. The play won the 1987 Pulitzer Prize for Drama and the 1987 Tony Award for Best Play. It was also included by Harold Bloom in his list of essential works constituting the Western Canon. Fences was first developed at the Eugene O'Neill Theater Center's 1983 National Playwrights Conference and premiered at the Yale Repertory Theatre in 1985.

Harold Bloom
Harold Bloom (July 11, 1930 – October 14, 2019) was an American literary critic and the Sterling Professor of humanities at Yale University. In 2017, Bloom was called "probably the most famous literary critic in the English-speaking world". After publishing his first book in 1959, Bloom wrote more than 50 books, including over 40 books of literary criticism, several books discussing religion, and one novel. He edited hundreds of anthologies concerning numerous literary and philosophical figures for the Chelsea House publishing firm. Bloom's books have been translated into more than 40 languages. He was elected to the American Philosophical Society in 1995.

Bloom was a defender of the traditional Western canon at a time when literature departments were focusing on what he derided as the "School of Resentment" (which included multiculturalism, feminism, and Marxism). He was educated at Yale, the University of Cambridge, and Cornell University.
Anaxandridas I
Anaxandridas I (Ancient Greek: Ἀναξανδρίδας) was a conjectured king of Sparta and a member of the Eurypontid dynasty. According to the Histories of Herodotus, Anaxandridas was the son of king Theopompus and the father of king Archidamus I. If Anaxandridas actually existed, he would have reigned in the early to mid 7th century BC, but his historicity is doubtful.

According to Pausanias, Anaxandridas I ascended the throne not as the direct successor of Theopompus but as the successor of Zeuxidamos, one of Theopompus's grandsons.

Anaxandridas's reign is said to have followed a period of strife between the Spartan royal houses and to have been characterised by a continuing decline of royal prestige and power, especially relative to the Ephors. It is possible that Anaxandridas was in power during the Messenian revolt that precipitated the Second Messenian War.

Second Messenian War
The Second Messenian War was a war which occurred c. 660–650 BC between the ancient Greek states of Messenia and Sparta, with localized resistance possibly lasting until the end of the century. It started around 40 years after the end of the First Messenian War with a slave rebellion. Other scholars, however, assign earlier dates, claiming, for example, that 668 BC is the date of the war's start, pointing at Sparta's defeat at the First Battle of Hysiae as a possible catalyst for the uprising. Current events concerning this war are stated, too.