hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Peder Nilsen
Peder Nilsen (22 February 1846 – 25 July 1921) was a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party.

Nilsen was born in Tønsberg in Vestfold, Norway. He was trained as an engineer. Nilsen graduated from the Norwegian Military College in 1871. He was an assistant engineer at Rørosbanen and other railway construction from 1872 to 1878, district engineer and operations manager at Hamar-Tønsetbanen from 1878–1893. From 1897 to 1911 he was the manager at Hovedbanen.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1889, representing the constituency of Lillehammer, Hamar og Gjøvik. He sat through only one term. On 2 May 1893 he was appointed to the Second Cabinet of Prime Minister Emil Stang as Minister of Labour. The second cabinet of Stang was replaced by the First Cabinet of Prime Minister Francis Hagerup on 14 October 1895. Nilsen retained his post, but left on 1 August 1897 as he was appointed a member of the Council of State Division in Stockholm. He left after two months.

Norwegian Military College
The Norwegian Military College (Norwegian: Den militære høyskole) was a military educational institution in Norway.

It was established on 16 February 1817, with headquarters at Akershus Fortress. It was originally meant for artillery and engineer officers, and in 1826 it was expanded to include naval officers; however, not many naval officers actually attended.

There were several changes in the length of the education offered at the Military College. From 1901 a two-year course was offered, educating personnel to the General Staff. The school had been mandatory for General Staff members since 1850. The school ceased to operate in 1940, the same year as Norway was invaded and occupied by Germany.
Keliʻimaikaʻi
Kalanimālokuloku-i-Kepoʻokalani Keliʻimaikaʻi (c. 1765–1809) was a High Chief and the most popular brother of Kamehameha the Great, who founded the Kingdom of Hawaii.

He was generally credited as an ancestor of Queen Emma of Hawaii, the consort of Kamehameha IV, a candidate for the Royal Election of 1872. His name Keliʻimaikaʻi in the Hawaiian language means "The Good Chief".: 152  Sometimes his name is spelled Kealiʻimaikaʻi.: 37  or by visiting Europeans as Tidi Miti or Tereameteʻe.
He is sometimes called a Prince due his relation to Kamehameha. He was also the Chief Priest of ʻIo and Kāne.

Prince
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. Prince is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The female equivalent is a princess. The English word derives, via the French word prince, from the Latin noun prīnceps, from primus (first) and caput (head), meaning "the first, foremost, the chief, most distinguished, noble ruler, prince".

In a related sense, now not commonly used, all more or less sovereign rulers over a state, including kings, were "princes" in the language of international politics. They normally had another title, for example king or duke. Many of these were Princes of the Holy Roman Empire.
Brewers Investment Corporation
The Brewers Investment Corporation Ltd was active in the Midlands during the late 19th century.  Its registered offices were at Nos.3-4, County Chambers, Corporation Street, Birmingham.

The company's projects included the purchase and refurbishment of the Adam & Eve in 1889.

The Brewers Investment Corporation had become a public company by 1895 and was listed on the London Stock Exchange for that year.

Corporation Street, Birmingham
52°28′47.55″N 1°53′49.37″W﻿ / ﻿52.4798750°N 1.8970472°W﻿ / 52.4798750; -1.8970472

Corporation Street is a main shopping street in Birmingham city centre, England.
Though it has a distinct southern terminus – the junction of New Street and Stephenson Place, adjacent to the entrance of New Street station – the location of its northern terminus is debatable.

The street originally terminated at Lancaster Place – the junction of Lancaster Street, Aston Street, and Steelhouse Lane – near to the Victoria Law Courts. It was expanded beyond Lancaster Place in the early 20th century, continuing to the point where Aston Road crosses the Birmingham and Fazeley Canal at Aston Junction. The construction of the Middleway (bisecting Lancaster Place) and the incorporation of the northern stretch of the street into the A38(M) Aston Expressway resulted in a de facto terminus of the shopping street near the location of Lancaster Place.
Weybourne Cliffs
Weybourne Cliffs is a 40.9-hectare (101-acre) biological and geological Site of Special Scientific Interest at Weybourne, west of Sheringham in the English county of Norfolk. It is a Geological Conservation Review site. It is in the Norfolk Coast Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

This Pleistocene site is the type locality for the Pastonian Weybourne Crag Formation, and its fossils of marine molluscs have been studied for 200 years. Its ecological interest lies in colonies of sand martins in the cliffs.

The beach is open to the public.

Sheringham
Sheringham (/ˈʃɛrɪŋəm/; population 7,367) is a seaside town and civil parish in the county of Norfolk, England. The motto of the town, granted in 1953 to the Sheringham Urban District Council, is Mare Ditat Pinusque Decorat, Latin for "The sea enriches and the pine adorns".
1821 Maine gubernatorial election
The 1821 Maine gubernatorial election took place on September 10, 1821.

Incumbent acting Democratic-Republican Governor William D. Williamson became Governor in May 1821 when Governor William King resigned. Williamson did not stand for re-election but successfully stood for election to the U.S. House of Representatives.

Democratic-Republican candidate Albion Parris defeated Federalist candidate Ezekiel Whitman and Democratic-Republican Joshua Wingate, Jr.

Williamson would resign as Governor in December 1821 and be followed in office as acting Governor by Benjamin Ames and Daniel Rose before Parris took office in January 1822.

William King (Maine governor)
William King (February 9, 1768 – June 17, 1852) was an American merchant, shipbuilder, army officer, and statesman from Bath, Maine. A proponent of statehood for Maine, he became its first governor when it separated from Massachusetts in 1820. He was the half-brother of Rufus King, who was a member of the Confederation Congress from Massachusetts, delegate to the Constitutional Convention of 1787, served as United States Senator from New York (from 1789 to 1796 and again from 1813 to 1825), and as Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of St. James from 1796 to 1803 and again from 1825 to 1826.
Siddick
Siddick is a village in Cumbria, England, historically part of Cumberland. It is situated on the A596 road, approximately 2 miles (3 km) north from the town of Workington. It lies within Workington civil parish.

As a coastal settlement on the Solway Firth (which is an inlet of the Irish Sea), fishing contributes to the local economy.

There is a large manufacturing area to the east of the village, with Swedish paper maker Iggesund Paperboard operating a large facility there. Eastman Chemical Company and Indorama Corporation used to own chemical plants in Siddick, but these have subsequently closed. To the south of the village is Dunmail Park shopping centre, where there is a multiplex cinema, a supermarket, and a number of other shops.

Cumberland
Cumberland (/ˈkʌmbərlənd/ KUM-bər-lənd) is an area of North West England which was historically a county. The county was bordered by Northumberland to the north-east, County Durham to the east, Westmorland to the south-east, Lancashire to the south, and the Scottish counties of Dumfriesshire and Roxburghshire to the north. The county included the city of Carlisle, part of the Lake District and North Pennines, and the Solway Firth coastline.

Cumberland had an administrative function from the 12th century until 1974, when it was subsumed into Cumbria with Westmorland as well as parts of Yorkshire and Lancashire. It gives its name to the unitary authority area of Cumberland, which has similar boundaries but excludes Penrith.
Lixion Avila
Lixion A. Avila (born November 25, 1950) is a retired weather forecaster, formerly working at the National Hurricane Center (NHC). He was a hurricane specialist and senior hurricane specialist from 1987 to 2020.

Meteorologist
A meteorologist is a scientist who studies and works in the field of meteorology aiming to understand or predict Earth's atmospheric phenomena including the weather. Those who study meteorological phenomena are meteorologists in research, while those using mathematical models and knowledge to prepare daily weather forecasts are called weather forecasters or operational meteorologists.

Meteorologists work in government agencies, private consulting and research services, industrial enterprises, utilities, radio and television stations, and in education. They are not to be confused with weather presenters, who present the weather forecast in the media and range in training from journalists having just minimal training in meteorology to full-fledged meteorologists.
Siegl
Siegl is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Antonín Siegl (born 1880, date of death unknown), Czech sports shooter

Dietrich Siegl (born 1954), Austrian actor

Franz Siegl (born 1955), Austrian bobsledder

Hans Siegl (1944–1978), international speedway rider

Harald Siegl (born 1972), Austrian equestrian

Horst Siegl (born 1969), Czech professional footballer

Lea Siegl (born 1998), Austrian equestrian

Patrik Siegl (born 1976), Czech football player

Philipp Siegl (born 1993), Austrian football player

Siegrun Siegl (born 1954), East German athlete

Zev Siegl (born 1942), American keynote speaker and presenter

Zev Siegl
Zev Siegl (born December 28, 1942) is an American keynote speaker and presenter. He co-founded Starbucks, with Gordon Bowker and Jerry Baldwin, in 1971, and was a director of the company during its first decade.
2018 Champions Trophy (real tennis)
The 2018 Champions Trophy was the 2nd edition of the Champions Trophy. It was held at the Royal Tennis Court from 16 to 22 July. It was a qualifying event for the 2022 Real Tennis World Championship.

The tournament was won by former World Champion Camden Riviere, defending his title from 2017. He beat Chris Chapman in the final, it what would be Chapman's only Champions Trophy final appearance.

Real Tennis World Championship
The Real Tennis World Championship  is the premier competition in real tennis.

Men's singles in real tennis was the first world championship in any sport; it also predates the use of the term "real tennis," as the sport was called just "tennis" until lawn tennis gained popularity.

The first recorded champion was Clergé, The Elder in the 1740s.
Erythrocrine
Erythrocrine describes red blood cell or erythrocyte for production and release of signaling molecules. The term "erythrocrine" was coined by Song et al.[1,2] in reference to erythrocyte, particularly the mature erythrocyte as a secretory cell, not just engaging in gaseous conveyance and exchange.

The erythrocyte is differentiated for such function to predominantly express hemoglobin and remove all the organelle including protein synthesis machinery. Our traditional review of erythrocyte function is solely for gaseous exchange. Nevertheless, several previously undetected physiologic functions of erythrocyte are largely neglected.

Secretion
Secretion is the movement of material from one point to another, such as a secreted chemical substance from a cell or gland. In contrast, excretion is the removal of certain substances or waste products from a cell or organism. The classical mechanism of cell secretion is via secretory portals at the plasma membrane called porosomes. Porosomes are permanent cup-shaped lipoprotein structures embedded in the cell membrane, where secretory vesicles transiently dock and fuse to release intra-vesicular contents from the cell.

Secretion in bacterial species means the transport or translocation of effector molecules. For example, proteins, enzymes or toxins (such as cholera toxin in pathogenic bacteria e.g. Vibrio cholerae) move from across the interior (cytoplasm or cytosol) of a bacterial cell to its exterior. Secretion is a very important mechanism in bacterial functioning and operation in their natural surrounding environment for adaptation and survival.
Jacob Utsch
Jacob Utsch (8 September 1824, Erndtebrück – 3 August 1901, Freudenberg) was a German physician and botanist, who specialized in the plant genus Rubus.

He studied medicine at the Universities of Bonn, Marburg, Halle and Berlin, obtaining his doctorate at the latter institution in 1849. From 1852 he practiced medicine in Freudenberg, where he later attained the title of Sanitätsrat. As a botanist he collected specimens mainly in the vicinity of Freudenberg.

In 1896 he published a work on Rubus hybrids titled  Hybriden im Genus Rubus. He is also known for his treatment of the genus Rubus in Konrad Beckhaus's comprehensive Flora von Westfalen ("Flora of Westphalia", 1893).

Rubus
Rubus is a large and diverse genus of flowering plants in the rose family, Rosaceae, subfamily Rosoideae, most commonly known as brambles. Fruits of various species are known as raspberries, blackberries, dewberries, and bristleberries. It is a diverse genus, with the estimated number of Rubus species varying from 250 to over 1000, found across all continents except Antarctica.

Most of these plants have woody stems with prickles like roses; spines, bristles, and gland-tipped hairs are also common in the genus. The Rubus fruit, sometimes called a bramble fruit, is an aggregate of drupelets. The term cane fruit or cane berry applies to any Rubus species or hybrid which is commonly grown with supports such as wires or canes, including raspberries, blackberries, and hybrids such as loganberry, boysenberry, marionberry and tayberry. The stems of such plants are also referred to as canes.
Annette Cowley-Nel
Annette Cowley-Nel (born 1967) is a retired international freestyle swimmer. She was born in South Africa to an English mother and lived in Boston, Bellville.

Her time in her Commonwealth trial was faster than the eventual gold medal time, and she would have been favourite to win the race.

In the 1986 she moved to the UK and hoped to represent England in the 100m Freestyle at the 1986 Commonwealth Games in Edinburgh; however, she was disqualified, with Zola Budd, on residency grounds. At the time, South Africa was subject to an international boycott in protest of the Apartheid government. The ban was upheld by the High Court, and Cowley-Nel was unable to compete. She was subsequently unable to compete for South Africa after the country's readmittance to international sport, as she had previously represented England.

She won the 1986 ASA National Championship 100 metres freestyle title and the 200 metres freestyle.

British swimming champions – 200 metres freestyle winners
The British swimming champions over 200 metres freestyle, formerly the (Amateur Swimming Association (ASA) National Championships) are listed below.

The event was originally contested over 220 yards and then switched to the metric conversion of 200 metres in 1971.

In 1981 there was a dead-heat in the men's final.

The most successful male and female competitors in the history of the event are Paul Palmer with six titles, and Karen Pickering with nine. Brian Brinkley has won the most consecutive championships, five, between 1971 and 1975. The current champions (2025) are James Guy (fifth) and Duncan Scott (third) following an unprecedented dead heat result and  Freya Colbert (her second).
Stavanger Renaissance
Stavanger Renaissance (Stavangerrenessansen) is the name for the cultural period which peaked in the middle of the 17th century in the vicinity of Stavanger, Norway. It was characterized principally by church art, largely decorated altarpieces, pulpits, baptismal fonts and wall surfaces.

The Stavanger Renaissance is an important period for Norwegian church art and décor. Art work from this period are found around the southwestern coast and throughout western Norway. Examples of churches representing by the art of the Stavanger Renaissance would include parish churches in Oddernes (1620), Årdal (ca. 1620), Røldal (1627-1629), Vestre Moland (1630) as well as Utstein Abbey (1625–1650).

Vestre Moland
Vestre Moland is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway.  The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Møglestu where the Vestre Moland Church is located.  The 103-square-kilometre (40 sq mi) municipality existed from 1838 until 1962 when it was merged into the municipality of Lillesand. Today, the area of Vestre Moland covers the northern part of the present-day municipality of Lillesand in Agder county.

Vestre Moland included the island of Justøy and the area surrounding the ladested of Lillesand.  It features the lake Østre Grimevann found in the northern part of Vestre Moland and the Blindleia inland waterway which is located along the coast of Vestre Moland.
Forus Travbane
Forus Travbane is a harness racing track located at Forus in Stavanger, Norway. The course is 950 meters (3,120 ft). Owned by Norwegian Trotting Association, its tote betting is handled by Norsk Rikstoto. The venue opened in 1920.

Forus
Forus is an industrial district in the city of Stavanger which lies in the southwestern part of the large municipality of Stavanger in Rogaland county, Norway. It is located in the borough of Hinna, along the Gandsfjorden and it stretches south and west to the municipalities of Sandnes and Sola. The name Forus originates from an old farm located in this area, part of which is currently used for harness racing.

The drainage of the former 4-square-kilometre (1.5 sq mi) lake Stokkavatnet and the surrounding marsh area, from 1906 and onwards, added 4.5 square kilometres (1.7 sq mi) of new land for the nearby farms. In 1940, at the start of World War II, the German occupants initiated construction of Stavanger Airport on this site. The area was later developed mainly for industrial purposes. The Equinor headquarters are located at Forus.
Ellame En Pondattithaan
Ellame En Pondattithaan (transl. My Wife is Everything) is a 1998 Indian Tamil-language political comedy film directed by V. Sekhar and produced by A. M. Rathnam. The film stars Ramki and Sanghavi, with Manivannan, Radhika, Vadivelu and Charle in pivotal roles. It was released on 5 September 1998.

Ramki
Ramakrishnan (born 31 March 1962), better known by his stage name Ramki, is an Indian actor best known for his work in Tamil cinema. He made his debut in Chinna Poove Mella Pesu (1987). He was a leading actor from 1987 to 2004. He is well known by his unique hair style.

He was known for his performances in successful movies such as Senthoora Poove (1988), Maruthu Pandi (1990), Inaindha Kaigal (1990), Athma (1993), Karuppu Roja (1996) and RX 100 (2018).

He made his comeback in cinema after nine years and returned in a supporting role with the supernatural thriller film Masani (2013).
NGC 1898
NGC 1898 is a globular cluster in the constellation of Dorado at an approximate distance of 170,000 light-years. NGC 1898 is located in the Large Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of the Milky Way, and was for some time believed to be discovered by John Herschel in 1834; however recent research shows it was first observed by James Dunlop in 1826.

James Dunlop
James Dunlop FRSE (31 October 1793 – 22 September 1848) was a Scottish astronomer, noted for his work in Australia. He was employed by Sir Thomas Brisbane to work as astronomer's assistant at his private observatory, once located at Paramatta (now named Parramatta), New South Wales, about 23 kilometres (14 mi) west of Sydney during the 1820s and 1830s. Dunlop was mostly a visual observer, doing stellar astrometry work for Brisbane, and after its completion, then independently discovered and catalogued many new telescopic southern double stars and deep-sky objects.  He later became the Superintendent of Paramatta Observatory when it was finally sold to the New South Wales Government.
Al-Samakiyya
Al-Samakiyya was a Palestinian Arab village in the Tiberias Subdistrict. It was depopulated during the 1947–1948 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine on May 4, 1948, under Operation Matateh. It was located 11 km northeast of Tiberias, near the Wadi al-Wadabani. The village was located at Tel Hum, which has been identified with Capernaum.

Capernaum
Capernaum (/kəˈpɜːrneɪəm, -niəm/ kə-PUR-nay-əm, -⁠nee-əm; Hebrew: כְּפַר נַחוּם, romanized: Kfar Naḥum, lit. 'Nahum's village'; Arabic: كَفْرْ نَاحُومْ, romanized: Kafr Nāḥūm) was a fishing village established during the time of the Hasmoneans, located on the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee. It had a population of about 1,500 in the 1st century AD. Archaeological excavations have revealed two ancient synagogues built one over the other. A house turned into a church during the Byzantine period is held by Christian tradition to have been the home of Saint Peter.

The village was inhabited continuously from the 2nd century BC to the 11th century AD, when it was abandoned sometime before the First Crusade. This includes the re-establishment of the village northeast of the earlier location in c. 700, during the Early Islamic period.
Emmanuel Mallia
Emmanuel Mallia is a Maltese politician. He was the Minister for Home Affairs and National Security of the Republic of Malta.  Following an alleged "cover-up" within his ministry, he was removed from office by Prime Minister Joseph Muscat on 9 December 2014 and replaced by Carmelo Abela. In 2016, Mallia returned to the cabinet as Minister for Competitiveness and Digital, Maritime and Services Economy, a portfolio which he retained until the 2017 general election. Mallia remained an MP in the Maltese Parliament until 2021, when he resigned to become Malta's UK High Commissioner.

Gżira
Gżira (Maltese: Il-Gżira) is a town in the Eastern Region of Malta. It is located between Msida and Sliema, also bordering on Ta' Xbiex. It has a population of 11,699 as of January 2019. The word Gżira means "island" in Maltese, and the town is named after Manoel Island which lies to the east of Gżira, between the Sliema peninsula and Valletta. The seafront of Gżira has views of the walled city of Valletta, which is illuminated at night, forming a backdrop to Manoel Island, the yacht marina and a seafront public garden. The hamlet of Kappara is located close to Gżira. The Orpheum Theatre is located in Gżira.