hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joffel van der Westhuizen
Lieutenant General Christoffel Pierre "Joffel" van der Westhuizen (born 7 February 1942) is a South African Army general from the artillery, who served as Chief of Staff Intelligence for the Defence Force from 1991 – 1994.

South African Army Artillery Formation
The South African Army Artillery Formation is the controlling entity of all South African Army artillery units. It draws much of its history from the South African Artillery, established in 1934 but with roots that reach back to 1921. The formation consists of both regular and reserve units. There is a separate South African Army Air Defence Artillery Formation that directs army anti-aircraft warfare units.
Ron Magill
Ronald Norman Magill (born February 28, 1960) is an American wildlife photographer and the communications director of Zoo Miami (aka Miami-Dade Zoological Park and Gardens). Magill makes regular television appearances across local South Florida networks and has won five Emmy Awards for his work on nature documentary programs. With a Cuban father, he speaks both Spanish and English.

South Florida
South Florida, sometimes colloquially shortened to SoFlo, is the southernmost region of the U.S. state of Florida. It is one of Florida's three most commonly referred to directional regions; the two others are Central Florida and North Florida. South Florida is the southernmost part of the continental United States and the only region of the continental U.S. that includes some areas with a tropical climate.

South Florida is dominated by the Miami metropolitan area and the Everglades. It also contains the Florida Keys; three U.S. national parks: Biscayne, Dry Tortugas, and Everglades; and multiple cities.
Count–min sketch
In computing, the count–min sketch (CM sketch) is a probabilistic data structure that serves as a frequency table of events in a stream of data. It uses hash functions to map events to frequencies, but unlike a hash table uses only sub-linear space, at the expense of overcounting some events due to collisions. The count–min sketch was invented in 2003 by Graham Cormode and S. Muthu Muthukrishnan and described by them in a 2005 paper.

Count–min sketch is an alternative to count sketch and AMS sketch and can be considered an implementation of a counting Bloom filter (Fan et al., 1998) or multistage-filter.  However, they are used differently and therefore sized differently: a count–min sketch typically has a sublinear number of cells, related to the desired approximation quality of the sketch, while a counting Bloom filter is more typically sized to match the number of elements in the set.

Data structure
In computer science, a data structure is a data organization and storage format that is usually chosen for efficient access to data. More precisely, a data structure is a collection of data values, the relationships among them, and the functions or operations that can be applied to the data, i.e., it is an algebraic structure about data.
Romanian Antarctic Foundation
The Romanian Antarctic Foundation (Romanian: Fundația Antarctică Română, FAR) is a Romanian research institute that manages Romania's Polar research in Antarctica. The Foundation is one of the partners working on the research icebreaker Aurora Borealis. It was created on 1995 and is administered by the Romanian Institute for Polar Research.

Aurora Borealis (icebreaker)
Aurora Borealis is a proposed European research icebreaker, comparable to the world's strongest icebreakers, planned jointly by a consortium of fifteen participant organizations and companies from ten European nations. If built, she would be the largest icebreaker ever built as well as the first icebreaker built to the highest IACS ice class, Polar Class 1.

The unique feature of the proposed vessel is its ability to perform scientific deep sea drilling in a sea ice covered ocean. The ship is proposed to have an operational lifetime of 35 to 40 years, with the main area of operations being the inner Arctic Ocean.
Fernando González (volleyball)
Fernando González  (born (1989-06-30)30 June 1989) is a Venezuelan male volleyball player. He was part of the Venezuela men's national volleyball team at the 2014 FIVB Volleyball Men's World Championship in Poland. He played with Chubut Voley.

Venezuela men's national volleyball team
The Venezuela men's national volleyball team represents Venezuela in international volleyball competitions and friendly matches. In 1962 the squad claimed its first international medal (a bronze) at the South American Championship.

The biggest success for Venezuela came in 2003, when the team won the Pan American Games.
Mint Royale
Mint Royale is an English electronic music act from Manchester founded by Neil Claxton and Chris Baker in 1997. Baker left the band in 2004, with Claxton adopting the moniker as a solo act.

Championed by Fatboy Slim including their songs in his DJ sets, the act is best known for the UK top 40 singles "Don't Falter", "The Sexiest Man in Jamaica", "Blue Song" and "Singin' in the Rain" from the studio albums On the Ropes (1999), Dancehall Places (2002) and See You in the Morning (2005).

Spaced
Spaced is a British television sitcom created, written by and starring Simon Pegg and Jessica Stevenson, and directed by Edgar Wright, about the comedic, and sometimes surreal and action-packed, misadventures of Daisy Steiner and Tim Bisley, two twenty-something Londoners who, despite only having just met, decide to move in together after she gives up on squatting and he is kicked out by his ex-girlfriend. Supporting roles include Nick Frost as Tim's best friend Mike, Katy Carmichael as Daisy's best friend Twist, Mark Heap as lodger Brian who lives downstairs and Julia Deakin as landlady Marsha.

The first series of the show, comprising seven episodes, premiered in the UK on Channel 4 on 24 September 1999, and the second and final series, also consisting of seven episodes, started on 23 February 2001 and concluded on 13 April.

Both series were nominated for the BAFTA TV Award for Best Situation Comedy.
Shtandart (frigate, 1999)
The frigate Shtandart (Russian: Штандартъ) is a modern replica of the first ship of Russia's Baltic fleet. The original ship was launched in 1703 at the Olonetsky shipyard near Olonets by the decree of Tsar Peter I and orders issued by commander Aleksandr Menshikov. The name Shtandart was also given to the royal yachts of the tsars until the Russian Revolution in 1917. Tsar Nicholas II's royal yacht was last of this series.

Transom (nautical)
A transom is the aft transverse surface of the hull of some boats and ships forming its stern. Adding both strength and width to the stern, a transom may be flat or curved, and vertical, raked aft (known as an overhung or "counter" stern), or raked forward (and "reversed", also known as retroussé). In small boats and yachts, a flat termination of the stern is typically above the waterline, but large commercial vessels often exhibit vertical transoms that dip slightly beneath the water.

On smaller boats such as dinghies, transoms may be used to support a rudder, outboard motor, or other accessory. On some yachts the transom may include a hinged swim platform, and a lazarette for deck items and leisure toys.
Boveney
Boveney is a village in the civil parish of Dorney, in Buckinghamshire, England. It is situated near Windsor, between the villages of Eton Wick in Berkshire, and Dorney and Dorney Reach in Buckinghamshire. Since boundary changes in 1974 and 1995, Boveney is now the southernmost village in Buckinghamshire.

Windsor, Berkshire
Windsor is a historic town in the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead in Berkshire, England. It is the site of Windsor Castle, one of the official residences of the British monarch. The town is situated 21.8 miles (35.1 km) west of Charing Cross, central London, 5.8 miles (9.3 km) southeast of Maidenhead, and 15.8 miles (25.4 km) east of the modern county town of Reading. It is immediately south of the River Thames, which forms its boundary with its smaller, ancient twin town of Eton. The village of Old Windsor, just over 2 miles (3 km) to the south, predates what is now called Windsor by, possibly, 300 years. Until 1974, Windsor was correctly referred to as New Windsor to distinguish the two.
2008 Canadian Mixed Curling Championship
The 2008 Canadian Mixed Curling Championship was held from 10–16 November 2007, at the Calgary Curling Club in Calgary, Alberta. Two members of the winning team  represented Canada at the 2008 World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship.

2008 World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship
The 2008 World Mixed Doubles Curling Championship was held March 8–15, 2008 in Vierumäki, Finland at the Vierumäki Ice Rink. It was the first mixed doubles world championships organized by the World Curling Federation.

Switzerland scored two perfect ends in Draw 2 against Wales, a rare feat.
Sara Keane
Sara Keane (born June 7, 1991) is an American soccer player who last played as goalkeeper for FC Kansas City.

Keane grew up in Mount Laurel, New Jersey and played high school soccer at Bishop Eustace Preparatory School.

She is currently a high-ranking account manager at Ewing Sports.

FC Kansas City
FC Kansas City was an American professional women's soccer club based in Kansas City, Missouri. The team was one of the eight founding clubs of the National Women's Soccer League in 2012, and began play in 2013. They were two-time NWSL champions, having won titles in 2014 and 2015. After the 2017 season, the NWSL re-acquired owner Elam Baer's membership interest and subsequently ceased the team's operations.
2009 Seguros Bolívar Open Bogotá – Doubles
Xavier Malisse and Carlos Salamanca were the champions in 2008, but Malisse chose to not start this year.
Salamanca partnered up with Santiago Giraldo - they lost to Sebastián Prieto and Horacio Zeballos in the first round.
First-seeded Prieto and Zeballos won this tournament - they defeated Marcos Daniel and Ricardo Mello in the final 6–4, 7–5.

Marcos Daniel
Marcos Diniz Daniel (born July 4, 1978, in Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul) is a retired professional tennis player from Brazil who turned professional in 1997. The right-hander reached his highest ATP singles ranking of World No. 56 in September 2009. He is coached by his brother, Márcio.
John Henry Moss Stadium
John Henry Moss Stadium is a baseball stadium home to the Gardner-Webb University Runnin' Bulldogs. It was officially completed on September 18, 2010. The first regular season game played there was February 22, 2011.  It has a capacity of about 550, but can be expanded. John Henry Moss was born in Kings Mountain, North Carolina, and was president of the South Atlantic League for 50 years. He was the youngest person to be a president of a professional baseball league, taking over the Western Carolina League in 1948 at the age of 29.

Kings Mountain, North Carolina
Kings Mountain is a small suburban city within the Charlotte metropolitan area in Cleveland and Gaston counties, North Carolina, United States. Most of the city is in Cleveland County, with a small eastern portion in Gaston County. As of the 2020 census, Kings Mountain had a population of 11,142.
Kalyazinsky Uyezd
Kalyazinsky Uyezd (Калязинский уезд) was one of the subdivisions of the Tver Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the eastern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Kalyazin. In terms of present-day administrative borders, the territory of Kalyazinsky Uyezd is divided between the Kalyazinsky, Kashinsky and Kimrsky districts of Tver Oblast and Taldomsky District of Moscow Oblast.

Taldomsky District
Taldomsky District (Russian: Талдомский район) was an administrative and municipal district (raion) in Moscow Oblast, Russia.
At 2019, it was located in the north of the oblast and bordered with Tver Oblast in the north, Vladimir Oblast in the northeast, and with Dmitrovsky and Sergiyevo-Posadsky Districts in the south and west. The area of the district is 1,340.52 square kilometers (517.58 sq mi). Its administrative center is the town of Taldom. Population: 48,553 (2010 Census);  46,302 (2002 Census); 52,619 (1989 Soviet census). As of 2010, the population of Taldom accounted for 28.5% of the district's total population.
Adelanto Converter Station
Adelanto Converter Station in Adelanto, California, is the southern terminus of the 2,400 MW Path 27 Utah–California high voltage DC power (HVDC) transmission line. The station contains redundant thyristor-based HVDC converters rated for 1,200 MW continuous or 1,600 MW short term overload.  The 300-acre (120 ha) station was completed in July, 1986 at a cost of US$131 million. The northern terminus of Path 27 is fossil fueled Intermountain Power Plant in Utah.

An adjacent $45 million AC switching station owned by Los Angeles Department of Water and Power links to the Southern California grid via five 500-kV AC lines.

ABB, who had built the station in 1986, upgraded its original 1,600 MW capacity to 2,400 MW in 2011.

In 2012, an 11.4 MW solar array (less than 1% of the Utah plant's capacity) was installed at the facility at a cost of $48 million obtained with loans subsidized by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009.

Adelanto, California
Adelanto  (Spanish for "Advance") is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. It is approximately 9 miles (14 km) northwest of Victorville in the Victor Valley area of the Mojave Desert, in the northern region of the Inland Empire. The population was 38,046 at the 2020 census.
Ricardo Condori
Ricardo Condori (born 1 February 1949) is a Bolivian long-distance runner. He competed in the marathon at the 1972 Summer Olympics. An Aymara Indian, Condori also represented Bolivia at the 1975 Pan American Games. Condori now lives in Boardman, Ohio.

1975 Pan American Games
The 1975 Pan American Games, officially known as the VII Pan American Games (Spanish: VII Juegos Panamericanos) and commonly known as Mexico 1975 (Spanish: México 1975), were held in Mexico City, Mexico, from October 12 to October 26, 1975, exactly twenty years after the second Pan American Games were held there. It was the third major sporting event held in the Mexican capital in seven years, after the 1968 Summer Olympics and the 1970 FIFA World Cup.
PDGFA
Platelet-derived growth factor subunit A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PDGFA gene.

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor family. The four members of this family are mitogenic factors for cells of mesenchymal origin and are characterized by a motif of eight cysteines. This gene product can exist either as a homodimer or as a heterodimer with the platelet-derived growth factor beta polypeptide, where the dimers are connected by disulfide bonds. Studies using knockout mice have shown cellular defects in oligodendrocytes, alveolar smooth muscle cells, and Leydig cells in the testis; knockout mice die either as embryos or shortly after birth. Two splice variants have been identified for this gene.

Structural motif
In a chain-like biological molecule, such as a protein or  nucleic acid, a structural motif is a common three-dimensional structure that  appears in a variety of different, evolutionarily unrelated molecules. A structural motif does not have to be associated with a sequence motif; it can be represented by different and completely unrelated sequences in different proteins or RNA.
Diana Anderson (scientist)
Diana Anderson MBE was a British biomedical scientist who is a professor at the University of Bradford. Her research has focussed on early cancer detection and genome stability. She was appointed an Order of the British Empire in 2022 for her services to cancer detection.

Mutation Research (journal)
Mutation Research is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes research papers in the area of mutation research which focus on fundamental mechanisms underlying the phenotypic and genotypic expression of genetic damage. There are currently three sections:

Mutation Research/Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis(ISSN 0027-5107, impact factor 2020: 2.433)

Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis(ISSN 1383-5718, impact factor 2020: 2.873)

Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research(ISSN 1383-5742, impact factor 2020: 5.657)

Two previous sections

Mutation Research/DNA Repair Reports (ISSN 0167-8817)

Mutation Research/DNA Repair (ISSN 0921-8777)

are now continued as DNA Repair.
2006–07 Four Hills Tournament
The 2006–07 Four Hills Tournament was a series of ski jumping competitions held in the traditional venues of Oberstdorf, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Innsbruck and Bischofshofen, located in Germany and Austria. The tournament was part of the 2006–07 Ski Jumping World Cup and points scored in each of the four competitions also counted towards the World Cup rankings. Before the tournament started on 28 December 2006 the World Cup leader was Simon Ammann.

Norwegian Anders Jacobsen won the tournament, after finishing on the podium in both hills in Austria and never finishing worse than fifth on any of the four hills. He thus became the first debutant since Toni Nieminen in 1991–92 to win the tournament. Gregor Schlierenzauer, who turned 17 on the day of the final event in Bischofshofen, won the first and last event, but finished over 15 points behind after 11th place in Innsbruck.

Toni Nieminen
Toni Markus Nieminen (born 31 May 1975) is a Finnish former ski jumper who competed from 1991 to 2004, with a brief comeback in 2016. He is one of the most successful ski jumpers from Finland, having won both the World Cup overall title and the Four Hills Tournament in 1992, and three medals at the 1992 Winter Olympics. He remains the youngest ever Winter Olympic gold medalist, at 16 years and 261 days. Additionally, he is known for being the first male ski jumper to land a jump surpassing 200 metres (660 ft), which he achieved in 1994 with a world record of 203 m (666 ft) on the ski flying hill in Planica.
Aortic nerve
The aortic nerve, also known as the aortic depressor nerve, is a branch of the vagus nerve. It supplies autonomic afferent nerve fibers to the peripheral baroreceptors and chemoreceptors found in the aortic arch and in the brachiocephalic artery.

Brachiocephalic artery
The brachiocephalic artery, brachiocephalic trunk, or innominate artery is an artery of the mediastinum that supplies blood to the right arm, head, and neck.

It is the first branch of the aortic arch. Soon after it emerges, the brachiocephalic artery divides into the right common carotid artery and the right subclavian artery.

There is no brachiocephalic artery for the left side of the body. The left common carotid artery and the left subclavian artery come directly off the aortic arch. Despite this, there are two brachiocephalic veins.
Phillip Scaglia
Phillip P. Scaglia (October 6, 1918 - 1991) was an American Democratic politician who served in the Missouri House of Representatives.  He was born in Pueblo, Colorado, and was educated in Missouri public schools and the University of Missouri–Kansas City.  On June 6, 1964, he married Patricia Lee Lyons.

University of Missouri–Kansas City
The University of Missouri–Kansas City (UMKC or Kansas City) is a public research university in Kansas City, Missouri, United States. UMKC is part of the University of Missouri System and includes a medical school and a law school. For the 2023-2024 academic year, the university's enrollment was over 15,300 students. It is the largest university in the Kansas City metropolitan area and ranks among the top three by enrollment among all postsecondary institutions in the metro, including community colleges. It offers more than 125 degree programs over 12 academic units. UMKC now holds a Carnegie “R1: Very High Research Activity” designation, making it the only R1 university in Kansas City. UMKC is also home to the School of Dentistry, Missouri’s only public dental school.
Tom Davis (Virginia politician)
Thomas Milburn Davis III (born January 5, 1949) is an American politician and lobbyist who served as the U.S. representative for Virginia's 11th congressional district from 1995 until his resignation in 2008. A member of the Republican Party, he announced on January 30, 2008, that he would not seek re-election to an eighth term. Davis resigned from Congress on November 24, 2008, and was succeeded by Democrat Gerry Connolly.

From 2008 to 2018, he was a director of federal government affairs at Deloitte. In August 2014, he was named as rector (head of the Board of Visitors) of George Mason University and a trustee of its Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study and served until 2019. In January 2019, Davis began work as a partner in the law firm Holland and Knight.

Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study
The Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study brings together researchers from many disciplines to study the phenomenon known as the mind. A unit of George Mason University, the Krasnow Institute also serves as a center for doctoral education in neuroscience. Research at the institute is funded by agencies such as the National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation and the Department of Defense.
Routes To Work South
Routes to Work South is a welfare-to-work subcontractor based in South Lanarkshire, Scotland. South Lanarkshire residents are often referred to the organisation by their local Job Centre, but individuals are also 'encouraged' to contact it themselves. Routes To Work South has offices in Cambuslang, East Kilbride, Hamilton and Lanark.

Lanark
Lanark (/ˈlænərk/ LAN-ərk; Scottish Gaelic: Lannraig [ˈl̪ˠaun̪ˠɾɪkʲ]; Scots: Lanrik) is a town in South Lanarkshire, Scotland, located 20 kilometres to the south-east of Hamilton. The town lies on the River Clyde, at its confluence with Mouse Water. In 2020, the town had a population of 8,880.

Lanark was a royal burgh from 1140 to 1975, and was historically the county town of Lanarkshire, though in modern times this title belongs to Hamilton. Notable landmarks nearby include New Lanark, the Corra Linn and the site of Lanark Castle.

Lanark railway station and bus interchange have frequent services to Glasgow. There is little industry in Lanark and some residents commute to work in Glasgow and Edinburgh. Its shops serve the local agricultural community and surrounding villages. There is a large modern livestock auction market on the outskirts of the town.
Saldhara
Saldhara is a village development committee in Kabhrepalanchok District in the Bagmati Zone of central Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 2,265 in 392 individual households.

Kavrepalanchok District
Kavrepalanchok District (Nepali: काभ्रेपलाञ्चोक जिल्ला; IAST: Kābhrepalāñcok pronounced [kabʱrepʌˈlant͡sok] ⓘ) also known as Kavre is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Dhulikhel as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,396 km2 (539 sq mi). It is a part of Bagmati Province and has a population of 364,039.

Nepal's Information Technology Park is also located in this district.