hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Murray Matthewson
Murray Hugh Matthewson (17 September 1944 – 3 August 2018) was a British-New Zealand orthopaedic surgeon who specialised in the spine and hand. Recipient of The Gordon Taylor Prize, he was an examiner for The Royal College of Surgeons as well as a Life Fellow of Hughes Hall, University of Cambridge, Associate Lecturer in the Faculty of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge and president of the British Society for Surgery of the Hand 2003. He was Orthopaedic Surgeon to Cambridge University Rugby Club 1998–2005.

British Society for Surgery of the Hand
The British Society for Surgery of the Hand exists to "promote and direct the development of Hand Surgery, to foster and co-ordinate education, study and research in Hand Surgery, and to disseminate knowledge of Hand Surgery among members of the medical and allied health professions."

The ethos the society is to promote harmony between orthopaedic and plastic surgeons, which derives from its origins immediately after the Second World War during which new methods of treatment of wounded airmen were developed by surgeons such as Patrick Clarkson.
Hans Mauch
Hans Adolph Mauch (6 March 1906 – 20 January 1984) was an engineer known for his work in early jet engine development in Germany, and aeromedical and prosthesis work in the USA in the post-war era. His S-N-S artificial leg design remains in widespread use in the 2010s.

Prosthesis
In medicine, a prosthesis (pl.: prostheses; from Ancient Greek: πρόσθεσις, romanized: prósthesis, lit. 'addition, application, attachment'), or a prosthetic implant, is an artificial device that replaces a missing body part, which may be lost through physical trauma, disease, or a condition present at birth (congenital disorder). Prostheses may restore the normal functions of the missing body part, or may perform a cosmetic function.

A person who has undergone an amputation is sometimes referred to as an amputee, Rehabilitation for someone with an amputation is primarily coordinated by a physiatrist as part of an inter-disciplinary team consisting of physiatrists, prosthetists, nurses, physical therapists, and occupational therapists. Prostheses can be created by hand or with computer-aided design (CAD), a software interface that helps creators design and analyze the creation with computer-generated 2-D and 3-D graphics as well as analysis and optimization tools.
Zamanyly
"Zamanyly" (Ukrainian: «Заманили») is a song by Ukrainian singer Jamala and Ukrainian folk quartet DakhaBrakha. It was released as a digital download in Ukraine on 4 November 2016 by Enjoy! Records. The song has charted in Russia and Ukraine.

DakhaBrakha
DakhaBrakha are a Ukrainian folk music quartet which combines the musical styles of several ethnic groups. They were a winner of the Sergey Kuryokhin Contemporary Art Award in 2009 and the Shevchenko National Prize in 2020.

DakhaBrakha are a project of the Dakh Contemporary Arts Center, led by Vladyslav Troitskyi and born as a live theater music crew. Troitskyi continues to be the band's producer. Members of DakhaBrakha participate in the centre's other projects, notably in the all-female cabaret project Dakh Daughters, as well as in the annual Gogolfest festival.
Little Miracles (Happen Every Day)
"Little Miracles (Happen Every Day)" is a song by American recording artist Luther Vandross. Released in April 1993 by Epic Records, the single supports his platinum and eight album, Never Let Me Go (1993). The song was written by Vandross and Marcus Miller, and produced by them both. It became a top ten hit on the US Billboard Hot R&B Singles chart and reached top 30 on the UK Singles Chart. It also became the most successful single from the album on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at number sixty-two. "Little Miracles (Happen Every Day)" was nominated for best R&B songwriting at the 36th Grammy Awards in March 1994 and won one of ASCAP's R&B Music Awards in June same year.

Lisa Fischer
Lisa Melonie Fischer (born December 1, 1958) is an American singer and songwriter. She found success with her 1991 debut album So Intense, which produced the Grammy Award–winning hit single "How Can I Ease the Pain". She has been a back-up singer for a number of artists, including Sting, Luther Vandross, and Tina Turner, and she toured with The Rolling Stones from 1989 to 2015.
Robert Germain
Robert Germain (1933 – 21 June 2024) was a Haitian politician. He served as Minister of Youth and Sport from 1983 to 1984 and Minister of Public Health from 1984 to 1985.

Germain died on 21 June 2024, at the age of 90.

Ministry of Health (Haiti)
The Ministry of Public Health and Population  (French: Ministère de la Santé publique et de la Population, MSPP) is a ministry of the Government of Haiti. This ministry is responsible for country-wide health and is part of the Prime Minister's Cabinet.
Government College of Women
Government College of Women are public Junior Women's colleges in Pakistan. In 1972, Government of Pakistan nationalized nearly all schools and colleges in Pakistan. The government renamed colleges and many Women's colleges were prefixed with Government College as in Government College of Women and Government Degree Girls College.

The Government College of Women are two-year Junior colleges or Intermediate colleges that are equivalent to Eleventh grade and Twelfth grade High School in United States. These junior colleges award Higher Secondary School Certificate. These colleges concentrate on either Science or Arts educational curriculum. The successful completion of two-year Science curriculum awards F.Sc. certificate. While the successful completion of two-year Arts curriculum awards F.A. certificate. These certificates are equivalent to the High school diploma in USA.

Eleventh grade
Eleventh grade (also known as 11th Grade, Grade 11, or Junior year) is the eleventh year of formal or compulsory education. It is typically the second or third year of high school. Students in eleventh grade are usually 16-17 years of age.
Lübbecke Loessland
The Lübbecke Loessland (German: Lübbecker Lößland) is a natural region that is mainly situated in northeastern North Rhine-Westphalia but with a small area also lying in the western part of Lower Saxony in Germany. It is a belt of land, covered by loess, about 2 to 5 km wide and around 35 km long, that lies just north of the eastern part of the Wiehen Hills. The total area of the region is about 100 km2. The Lübbecke Loessland is a transitional region between the North German Plain and the Central Uplands. To the north it borders on the Rahden-Diepenau Geest and, to the east, on the Middle Weser Valley. The town of Lübbecke lies in the centre of the region.

Middle Weser Valley
The Middle Weser Valley (German: Mittlere Wesertal) is part of the Weser Depression around the River Weser on the North German Plain, extending from the gap of Porta Westfalica to the town of Hoya. It is not a true valley, because it is only bordered by low hills at two points. It lies in the German federal states of Lower Saxony and North Rhine-Westphalia.
1992 Gator Bowl
The 1992 Gator Bowl was an American college football bowl game that was played on December 31, 1992, at Gator Bowl Stadium in Jacksonville, Florida. The game matched the Florida Gators against the NC State Wolfpack. It was the final 1992 NCAA Division I-A football season contest for both teams. It was the first of three Gator Bowls sponsored by Outback Steakhouse; thus, it was also known as the 1992 Outback Gator Bowl. The game ended in a 27–10 victory for the Gators.

Gator Bowl Stadium
The Gator Bowl was an American football stadium located in Jacksonville, Florida. Originally built in 1927, all but a small portion of the facility was razed in 1994 in preparation for the inaugural season of the Jacksonville Jaguars, an NFL expansion team that began play in 1995. The reconstructed stadium became Jacksonville Municipal Stadium, now known as EverBank Stadium. The old stadium and its replacement have hosted the Gator Bowl, a post-season college football bowl game, since its inception in 1946. It also hosted the Florida–Georgia game, an annual college football rivalry game between the University of Florida and the University of Georgia, and was home to several professional sports teams, including the Jacksonville Sharks and Jacksonville Express of the World Football League (WFL), the Jacksonville Tea Men soccer team, and the Jacksonville Bulls of the United States Football League.
SBB Re 620
The Re 620, Re 6/6 in the old numbering scheme, are six-axle, electric locomotives of Swiss Federal Railways (SBB CFF FFS), which were acquired as a replacement for the Ae 6/6 for heavy services on the Gotthard Railway. They were produced between 1972 and 1980 and are the most modern of the so-called "Gotthard locomotives".

Axle
An axle or axletree is a central shaft for a rotating wheel or gear. On wheeled vehicles, the axle may be fixed to the wheels, rotating with them, or fixed to the vehicle, with the wheels rotating around the axle. In the former case, bearings or bushings are provided at the mounting points where the axle is supported.  In the latter case, a bearing or bushing sits inside a central hole in the wheel to allow the wheel or gear to rotate around the axle.  Sometimes, especially on bicycles, the latter type of axle is referred to as a spindle.
Garachay
The Garachay (Azerbaijani: Qaraçay) is a river in Quba district of Azerbaijan. It flows through the western end of an ancient city of Qabala. In the suburbs of Qabala, it joins other small rivers Hamzali, Mirazabeyli and Gojalan. It flows into the Turyan near the village Savalan.It originates from the northern slopes of the eastern part of the Greater Caucasus Range, near the peak of Babadag and eventually flows into the Caspian Sea.

Greater Caucasus
The Greater Caucasus is the major mountain range of the Caucasus Mountains. It stretches for about 1,200 kilometres (750 mi) from west-northwest to east-southeast, from the Taman Peninsula of the Black Sea to the Absheron Peninsula of the Caspian Sea: from the Western Caucasus in the vicinity of Sochi on the northeastern shore of the Black Sea and reaching nearly to Baku on the Caspian.
2010–11 Kategoria Superiore Femra
The 2010–11 Kategoria Superiore Femra was the 2nd season of women's professional football, organized by the Albanian Football Federation.

Ada Velipojë were crowned champions, reaching the qualifying round of the 2011–12 UEFA Women's Champions League.

Albanian Football Federation
The Albanian Football Federation (Albanian: Federata Shqiptare e Futbollit; FSHF) is the governing body of football in Albania. Headquartered in Tirana, it organises the national football leagues of Kategoria Superiore, Kategoria e Parë, Kategoria e Dytë, Kategoria e Tretë, Albanian Cup, Supercup, Kategoria Superiore Femra and the Albanian Women's Cup. The federation also coordinates and oversees the activities of the Albania national football team, Albania women's national football team and the Albania national youth football teams such as Under-21, Under-20, Under-19, Under-18, Under-17, Under-16 and Under-15.
Julia Jäger
Julia Jäger (born 28 January 1970) is a German actress.

Jäger was born in Angermünde, Brandenburg, and grew up in Frankfurt (Oder), where her father Diether Jäger was a stage actor. At the age of 13, she appeared in the children's film Moritz in der Litfaßsäule. From 1988 to 1991 she studied at the Theaterhochschule Leipzig and was immediately afterwards engaged by the municipal theatre of Leipzig (Schauspiel Leipzig), being an ensemble member until 1995.

Jäger has appeared in multiple movies like Karniggels (1991), Outside Time (1995), Berlin is in Germany (2001), and the Oscar-winning short film Toyland (2007); as well as telefilms and series including Polizeiruf 110 (since 1994), Siska (2000), Der letzte Zeuge (2002–2003), Tatort (since 2003), Donna Leon (2003–2019), Die Frau vom Checkpoint Charlie (2007), Zeit der Helden (2013).

She won the Best Actress award of the Cairo International Film Festival 1996 and the 2014 Grimme Award.

Grimme-Preis
The Grimme-Preis (Grimme Award), formerly known as the Adolf-Grimme-Preis, is one of the most prestigious German television awards. It is named after the first general director of Nordwestdeutscher Rundfunk, Adolf Grimme.  The Grimme Institute also awards the Grimme Online Award and the Deutscher Radiopreis (German Radio Award).
Olga (name)
Olga (Russian: Ольга) is a Russian feminine given name of Scandinavian origin. It is the equivalent of Helga, and derived from the Old Norse adjective heilagr (lit. 'prosperous, successful'). The name was brought by Scandinavian settlers who founded Kievan Rus' in the 9th century.

It is also used in Ukraine (Ольга, transliterated Olha), Belarus (Вольга, transliterated Vol'ha), Bulgaria (Олга transliterated Olga), the Czech Republic, Greece and Cyprus (Όλγα, Ólgha), Georgia (ოლგა (Olga) or more archaic ოლღა (Olgha)), Latvia, Lithuania, Finland, Poland, Hungary, Romania, Serbia, Bosnia (Serbian Олга or Оља), the Balkans, Western Europe and Latin America (Olga). It is also much in use in Scandinavia.

The masculine counterpart is Oleg (Олeг).

Olga Morozova
Olga Vasilyevna Morozova (Russian: Ольга Васильевна Морозова, IPA: [ˈolʲɡə mɐˈrozəvə] ⓘ; born 22 February 1949) is a Russian former professional tennis player. Competing for the Soviet Union, she was the runner-up in women's singles at the 1974 French Open and 1974 Wimbledon Championships, and the first Soviet player to win a major, in women's doubles at the 1974 French Open. Her ground-breaking playing career, combined with her distinguished coaching career, has led to Morozova being labelled the "Godmother of Russian tennis".
The Millennium Gate
The Millennium Gate (Korean: 천년의 문)' was envisioned in 2000 as the world's first mega-sized ring-shaped architectural structure. It was planned to be erected along the Han River in Sangam-dong, Seoul, in conjunction with the new millennium (Millennium), and the 2002 Korea-Japan FIFA World Cup (2002 FIFA World Cup).

Nodeulseom
Nodeulseom (Korean: 노들섬) is an artificial island in the River Han in Seoul, South Korea.  The uninhabited island is located to the east of the larger island of Yeouido. Hangang Bridge passes directly over the island.

On September 28, 2019, the island was re-opened as a music-themed cultural complex following a four-year renovation project. On the island, there are various cultural facilities including an outdoor music space, bookstore, a large green open area and a two-meter moon art installation called Moonlight Nodeul.
William Sneyd (MP for Lichfield)
William Sneyd (c. 1693 – 11 February 1745) was an English politician who briefly sat in the House of Commons in 1718 as Member of Parliament for Lichfield.

Sneyd was educated at Clare College, Cambridge, graduating in 1710. He also attended the Middle Temple, being called to the bar in 1719. He was elected on 24 April 1718 "by a very great mob with papers in their hats resembling white roses, headed by the same person that was captain of the famous riots at West Bromwich". However, Sneyd was unseated on petition on 10 December.

His cousin Ralph Sneyd was MP for Staffordshire from 1713 to 1715.

White Rose of York
The White Rose of York (Latinised as rosa alba, blazoned as a rose argent) is a white heraldic rose which was adopted in the 14th century as a heraldic badge of the royal House of York. In the modern era, it is used more broadly as a symbol of Yorkshire.
Zucht und Ordnung
Zucht und Ordnung is a German term, literally meaning 'discipline and order', in some ways paralleled by the English phrase law and order. Since the time of the Reformation the phrase has referred to the hierarchical relationships that exist (or supposedly ought to exist) in social institutions such as families, monasteries, schools, communities, government, and the military. The phrase was initially closely associated with Christianity, but in the eighteenth century its usage extended to secular contexts. In modern usage, the term is often used to label excessively strict authority and discipline, and is particularly associated with the ideologies of National Socialism.

First Epistle to the Corinthians
The First Epistle to the Corinthians (Ancient Greek: Α΄ ᾽Επιστολὴ πρὸς Κορινθίους) is one of the Pauline epistles, part of the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The epistle is attributed to Paul the Apostle and a co-author, Sosthenes, and is addressed to the Christian church in Corinth. Scholars believe that Sosthenes was the amanuensis who wrote down the text of the letter at Paul's direction. It addresses various issues which had arisen in the Christian community at Corinth and is composed in a form of Koine Greek. Despite the name, it is not believed to be the first such letter written to the Corinthian church.
Latticetail moray
The latticetail moray (Gymnothorax buroensis) is a moray eel found in coral reefs in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. It was first named by Pieter Bleeker in 1857, and is commonly also known as the vagrant moray, Buru moray eel, or Buro moray.

Moray eel
Moray eels, or Muraenidae (/ˈmɒreɪ, məˈreɪ/), are a family of eels whose members are found worldwide. There are approximately 200 species in 16 genera which are almost exclusively marine, but several species are regularly seen in brackish water, and a few are found in fresh water.

The English name, moray, dates back to the early 17th century, and is believed to be a derivative from Portuguese moreia, which itself derives from Latin mūrēna, in turn from Greek μύραινα, muraina; these are the Latin and Greek names of the Mediterranean moray.
Sedelnikovo
Sedelnikovo (Russian: Седельниково) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Sedelnikovo, Krasnoyarsk Krai, a village in Vysotinsky Selsoviet of Sukhobuzimsky District of Krasnoyarsk Krai

Sedelnikovo, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast, a village in Ilyinsky Selsoviet of Volodarsky District of Nizhny Novgorod Oblast

Sedelnikovo, Omsk Oblast, a selo in Sedelnikovsky Rural Okrug of Sedelnikovsky District of Omsk Oblast

Sedelnikovo, Vladimir Oblast, a village in Vyaznikovsky District of Vladimir Oblast

Nizhny Novgorod Oblast
Nizhny Novgorod Oblast (Russian: Нижегородская область, romanized: Nizhegorodskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Nizhny Novgorod. It has a population of 3,119,115 as of the 2021 Census. From 1932 to 1990, it was known as Gorky Oblast (Russian: Горьковская область).

The oblast is crossed by the Volga River. Apart from Nizhny Novgorod's metropolitan area (including Dzerzhinsk, Bor and Kstovo) the biggest city is Arzamas. Near the town of Sarov there is the Serafimo-Diveyevsky Monastery, one of the largest convents in Russia, established by Saint Seraphim of Sarov. The Makaryev Monastery opposite of the town of Lyskovo used to be the location of the largest fair in Eastern Europe. Other historic towns include Gorodets and Balakhna, located on the Volga to the north from Nizhny Novgorod.
The Chevron
The Chevron was the official newspaper published by the Federation of Students at the University of Waterloo (in the city of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada) for approximately two decades.
Originally the official newspaper of the Federation of Students was The Coryphaeus.  The paper was renamed The Chevron in 1966.
The paper was distributed on campus free of charge.

Waterloo, Ontario
Waterloo is a city in the Canadian province of Ontario. It is one of three cities in the Regional Municipality of Waterloo (formerly Waterloo County). Waterloo is situated about 94 km (58 mi) west-southwest of Toronto, but it is not considered to be part of the Greater Toronto Area (GTA). Due to the close proximity of the city of Kitchener to Waterloo, the two together are often referred to as "Kitchener–Waterloo", "K-W", or "The Twin Cities". Nearby Cambridge, Ontario is also sometimes grouped in, creating KWC or "Tri-cities".

While several unsuccessful attempts to combine the municipalities of Kitchener and Waterloo have been made, following the 1973 establishment of the Region of Waterloo, less motivation to do so existed, and as a result, Waterloo remains an independent city. At the time of the 2021 census, the population of Waterloo was 121,436.
Patrick Osborne (politician)
Pat Hill Osborne (20 May 1832 – 17 October 1902) was an Australian politician.

He was born at Marshall Mount to Henry Osborne, and Sarah Marshall. He was educated in England and became a pastoralist on his return to New South Wales. On 27 January 1864 he married Elizabeth Jane Atkinson, with whom he had nine children. His father had been a member of New South Wales Legislative Council (1851-1856) and New South Wales Legislative Assembly (1856–57). In 1864 Osbourne was elected to the Legislative Assembly for Illawarra, but he resigned in 1866. His brother James would later represent the seat from 1869 until 1872.

Osborne died at Currandooley station near Lake George in 1902.

Electoral district of Illawarra
Illawarra was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales. It was located in the Illawarra area and originally created in 1859, replacing East Camden. It was replaced by Wollongong in 1904 and recreated in 1927. In 1968, it was abolished and partly replaced by Kembla. In 1971, Kembla was abolished and Illawarra was recreated. In 2007, it was abolished and replaced by Shellharbour.
First government of the Count of Romanones
The first government of Álvaro de Figueroa, Count of Romanones, was formed on 14 November 1912, following the latter's appointment as prime minister of Spain by King Alfonso XIII and his swearing-in that same day, as a result of José Canalejas's assassination on 12 November. It succeeded the third Canalejas government and was the government of Spain from 14 November 1912 to 31 December 1912, a total of 47 days, or 1 month and 17 days.

The cabinet, which except for the prime minister was the same as the last one under Canalejas, comprised members of the Liberal Party and two military officers.

Liberal Party (Spain, 1880)
The Liberal Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal), originally called Liberal Fusionist Party (Spanish: Partido Liberal-Fusionista, PLF) until 1885, was a Spanish political party created in 1880 by Práxedes Mateo Sagasta. With the Conservative Party of Antonio Cánovas del Castillo, it formed a two-party system of alternating governments, the turno, which characterised the Spanish Restoration during the late 19th century and the early 20th century.
Las Moras Springs
Las Moras Springs,"The Mulberries" in Spanish, are a group of springs near Brackettville in Kinney County, Texas.

Las Moras Springs are located on the grounds of Fort Clark in Brackettville and were the reason for the location of the fort and the settlement there. The springs are the ninth largest group of springs in Texas, discharging an average of about 12-14 million gallons per day.  They are artesian springs arising from a fault overlying the Edwards limestone. It emerges at an elevation of about 1,096 feet.

The springs fill a large walled-in area, some of which spills into a 300-foot-long swimming pool. Its excess flows into a bypass channel around the pool.  Below the pool, both discharges combine and form the headwaters of the section of Las Moras Creek that flows year around to the Rio Grande.

Kinney County, Texas
Kinney County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 3,129. Its county seat is Brackettville. The county was created in 1850 and later organized in 1874. It is named for Henry Lawrence Kinney, an early settler.

Kinney County's self-proclaimed biggest issue since the 2010s is undocumented immigration from Mexico through the county. The county claims it does not have the resources to deal with the large number of migrants, and in 2021 proclaimed a state of emergency.