hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wolfgang Hofmann
Wolfgang Hofmann (30 March 1941 – 12 March 2020) was a West German judoka who competed in the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, where he won the silver medal in the middleweight class representing the United Team of Germany.

Hofmann was German champion 15 times and European champion twice (1965 and 1968. He was the holder of the 8th Dan, as well as being a lecturer for judo at the German Sport University in Cologne for many years. He further developed his skills during two language and study visits to Japan. He shaped the training and examination regulations of the German Judo Association (DJB).

Hofmann published together with the Japanese Mahito Ohgo a standard book about judo, Judo - Basics of Tachi- Waza and Ne-Waza, in the early 1970s, writing in the foreword:

"Above all, judo means: practicing on the mat, moving, fighting with many partners, or, as the Japanese say, understanding with the body".

Hofmann died on 12 March 2020 about two weeks shy of his 79th birthday.

1968 European Judo Championships
The 1968 European Judo Championships were the 17th edition of the European Judo Championships, and were held in Lausanne, Switzerland from 17 to 19 May 1968. Championships were subdivided into six individual competitions, and a separate team competition.
The Enterprise of Death
The Enterprise of Death is a historical fantasy novel by Jesse Bullington, published in 2011. It recounts the journeys of Awa, a lesbian Moor necromancer, through an irreverently portrayed 16th-century Europe, helped by friends who include historical figures such as the polymath Paracelsus and the artist-mercenary Niklaus Manuel.

Necromancy
Necromancy (/ˈnɛkrəmænsi/) is the practice of magic involving communication with the dead by summoning their spirits as apparitions or visions for the purpose of divination; imparting the means to foretell future events and discover hidden knowledge. Sometimes categorized under death magic, the term is occasionally also used in a more general sense to refer to black magic or witchcraft as a whole.
Fabrizio Sotti
Fabrizio Sotti (born April 27, 1975, in Padova, Italy) is a guitarist, composer, producer and songwriter. In addition to jazz, Sotti plays in the styles of bebop, jazz fusion, soul, hip hop, R&B and pop. He has worked with the likes of Cassandra Wilson, Al Foster, Randy Brecker, John Patitucci, George Garzone, Mino Cinelu, Roy Hargrove, Claudia Acuña, Shaggy, Melanie Fiona, Algebra, Half Pint, Foxy Brown, Jennifer Lopez, Ice-T, Ghostface Killah, Tupac, Q-Tip, K'naan, M-1, Dead Prez, Hell Razah, Paolo Fresu, Zucchero, Mondo Marcio, Mina, Clementino, Frankie Hi-NRG MC, Serena Brancale among many others.

M-1 (rapper)
Mutulu Olugbala (born Lavonne Alford, July 25, 1975), better known by his stage name M-1 (sometimes stylized as M1), is an American rapper, songwriter, and activist from Brooklyn, New York. He is best known for his work as one half of the political hip hop duo dead prez with stic.man.
Jan Bartošek
Jan Bartošek (born 10 November 1971) is a Czech politician and member of the Chamber of Deputies for the KDU-ČSL since October 2013.

He is one of the candidates for the 2019 Christian and Democratic Union – Czechoslovak People's Party leadership election.

On 22 October 2019, the Chamber of Deputies passed a non-binding resolution "condemn[ing] all activities and statements by groups calling for a boycott of the State of Israel, its goods, services or citizens." Bartošek introduced the resolution.

KDU-ČSL
KDU-ČSL (In Czech, the initials of the Christian and Democratic Union – Czechoslovak People's Party; Czech: Křesťanská a demokratická unie – Československá strana lidová), often shortened to lidovci ("the populars"), is a Christian democratic political party in the Czech Republic, led by Marek Výborný. The party has taken part in most of the Czech government coalitions since 1990, and has been represented in every parliament except for the 6th Czech parliament (2010–2013). It currently forms part of the parliamentary opposition, having been elected on the lists of the Spolu electoral alliance.
I'll Make You Music (album)
I'll Make You Music is the only album by Beverly Bremers and was released in 1972. It reached No. 124 on the Billboard Top LP's & Tape chart.

The album featured three singles: "Don't Say You Don't Remember", which reached #15 on the Billboard Hot 100, "We're Free", which reached #40, and "I'll Make You Music", which reached #63.

Irwin Levine
Irwin Jesse Levine (March 23, 1938 – January 21, 1997) was an American songwriter, who co-wrote the song "Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree" with L. Russell Brown. The song was a worldwide hit for Tony Orlando and Dawn as it reached number one on both the US and UK charts for four weeks in April 1973 and number one on the Australian charts for seven weeks from May to July 1973. It was the top-selling single in 1973 in both the US and UK. In 2008, Billboard ranked the song as the 37th biggest song of all time in its issue celebrating the 50th anniversary of the Hot 100.
Iron hand (prosthesis)
Iron hands are metal prostheses for hands and upper extremities from the Middle Ages and early modern period.  These designs combined cosmetic and functional properties. The most famous example of an iron hand was made around the year 1530, being the second prosthetic hand made for the German knight Götz von Berlichingen.

Most iron hands are based on the same constructive principles, although there are considerable differences in complexity. Fingers can be flexed passively (for example using the healthy hand) and are locked in place by a ratchet mechanism, similar to those of contemporary flintlocks. Extension of the fingers works by spring pressure.

Löffler, Liebhard: Der Ersatz für die obere Extremität: die Entwicklung von den ersten Zeugnissen bis heute. Stuttgart: Enke 1984, ISBN 3-432-94591-4.

Putti, Vittorio: Historical Prostheses. In: Journal of Hand Surgery. Vol. 30, No. 3, Edinburgh: 2005, pp. 310–325.

Flintlock mechanism
The flintlock mechanism is a type of lock used on muskets, rifles, and pistols from the early 17th to the mid-19th century. It is commonly referred to as a "flintlock" (without the word mechanism). The term is also used for the weapons themselves as a whole, and not just the lock mechanism.

The flintlock mechanism, also known as the true flintlock, was developed in France in the early 17th century. It quickly replaced earlier technologies, such as the matchlock, wheellock and earlier flintlocks. It continued to be in common use for over two centuries, until it was finally replaced by the percussion lock.
March of the Zapotec/Holland EP
March of the Zapotec/Holland is a double EP by Beirut. March of the Zapotec contains music influenced by Zach Condon's then recent trip to Oaxaca, Mexico. The Jimenez Band, a 19-piece band from Teotitlán del Valle, backs Condon on this EP. March of the Zapotec also features one of Condon's favorite works, "The Shrew". Holland contains electronic music, credited to "Realpeople", one of Condon's pre-Beirut pseudonyms.

Teotitlán del Valle
Teotitlán del Valle is a small village and municipality located in the Tlacolula District in the east of the Valles Centrales Region, 31 km from the city of Oaxaca in the foothills of the Sierra Juárez mountains. It is part of the Tlacolula Valley district. It is known for its textiles, especially rugs, which are woven on hand-operated looms, from wool obtained from local sheep and dyed mainly with local, natural dyes. They combine historical Zapotec designs with contemporary designs such as reproductions of famous artists' work. Artists take commissions and participate in tours of family-owned workshops. The name Teotitlán comes from Nahuatl and means "land of the gods." Its Zapotec name is Xaguixe, which means "at the foot of the mountain." Established in 1465, it was one of the first villages founded by Zapotec peoples in this area and retains its Zapotec culture and language.
Gilson, Warwickshire
Gilson is a hamlet in the civil parish of Coleshill, in the North Warwickshire district of Warwickshire, England. It lies between the M42 and the A446, on the B4117 road between the village of Water Orton and the small market town of Coleshill.

Water Orton
Water Orton is a village and civil parish in the North Warwickshire borough of Warwickshire in the West Midlands, England near the River Tame. It is located between Castle Bromwich and Coleshill, and borders the West Midlands metropolitan county boundary to the north, west and south. At the 2001 Census, the population was 3,573, falling to 3,444 at the 2011 Census. In the 2021 Census the population slightly rose to 3,487.
HMCS Halifax (FFH 330)
HMCS Halifax (FFH 330) is a Halifax-class frigate that has served in the Royal Canadian Navy and Canadian Forces since 1992. Halifax is the lead ship in her class which is the name for the Canadian Patrol Frigate Project. She is the second vessel to carry the designation HMCS Halifax. She carries the hull classification symbol FFH 330.

She is assigned to Maritime Forces Atlantic (MARLANT) and is homeported at CFB Halifax in her namesake city, Halifax, Nova Scotia, a name that was also borne by HMCS Halifax (K237), a Flower-class corvette during the Second World War as well as the first warship built in Halifax, HMS Halifax (1768).

HMCS Halifax (K237)
HMCS Halifax was a Royal Canadian Navy revised Flower-class corvette which took part in convoy escort duties during the Second World War. She served primarily in the Battle of the Atlantic. She was named for Halifax, Nova Scotia.
Order embedding
In order theory, a branch of mathematics, an order embedding is a special kind of monotone function, which provides a way to include one partially ordered set into another. Like Galois connections, order embeddings constitute a notion which is strictly weaker than the concept of an order isomorphism. Both of these weakenings may be understood in terms of category theory.

Divisor
In mathematics, a divisor of an integer  also called a factor of  is an integer  that may be multiplied by some integer to produce  In this case, one also says that  is a multiple of  An integer  is divisible or evenly divisible by another integer  if  is a divisor of ; this implies dividing  by  leaves no remainder.
Medicinals
Medicinals is the second album by Timber Timbre, released in 2007. The album was initially recorded in Taylor Kirk's apartment in Toronto soon before he moved out, and reflected his own sense of disconnection from the city and his longing for the more rural environment he had recently moved to Toronto from.

According to music journalist Michael Barclay, the album "has much more in common with early Cowboy Junkies recordings than anything heard on classic rock radio -- or even the current indie rock scene Timber Timbre is based in. Considering their dark, haunting sound, it's not hard to believe Kirk when he says that Timber Timbre was born in isolation, while he had cabin fever on a farm outside of Bobcaygeon."

The album was released on Jonas Bonnetta's independent Shuffling Feet Records label.

Evening Hymns
Evening Hymns is a Canadian indie folk rock band, whose core member is singer and songwriter Jonas Bonnetta. The remainder of the band consists of a rotating collective of musicians, including members of Ohbijou, The Wooden Sky, The Burning Hell, The D'Urbervilles and Forest City Lovers.
Trish Altass
Trish Altass is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the Legislative Assembly of Prince Edward Island in the 2019 Prince Edward Island general election. She represented the district of Tyne Valley-Sherbrooke as a member of the Green Party of Prince Edward Island.

She lost her seat in the 2023 general election.

Green Party of Prince Edward Island
The Green Party of Prince Edward Island, or Green Party of PEI, is a registered provincial political party and one of the three major parties in Prince Edward Island, Canada. The party was founded by Sharon Labchuk, a political organizer for the federal Green Party of Canada. It is a party in the international green political tradition, espousing environmentalism, grassroots democracy, and social justice.

The party was registered in 2005 and first ran candidates in the 2007 general election.  In the 2015 election, the party elected its first member of the provincial legislature: leader Peter Bevan-Baker defeated a Liberal incumbent to win the district of Kellys Cross-Cumberland with 54% of the vote. The party won 8 seats in the 2019 election and, as the second largest party in the legislature, formed the Official Opposition for the first time in the history of any Green party in Canada.
Geneviève Thiroux d'Arconville
Marie Geneviève Charlotte Thiroux d'Arconville (née Darlus, also known as la présidente Thiroux d’Arconville and Geneviève Thiroux d'Arconville) (17 October 1720 – 23 December 1805), was a French novelist, translator and chemist who is known for her study on putrefaction. She discussed her study on putrefaction in her Essay on the History of Putrefaction in 1766.

George Savile, 1st Marquess of Halifax
George Savile, 1st Marquess of Halifax, PC, DL, FRS (11 November 1633 – 5 April 1695) was an English statesman and writer. He sat in the House of Commons of England in 1660 before being elevated to the House of Lords in 1668.
Glasscock County, Texas
Glasscock County is a county located in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,116. Its county seat is Garden City. The county was created in 1827 and later organized in 1869. It is named for George Washington Glasscock, an early settler of the Austin, Texas area and the namesake of Georgetown, Texas.

Glasscock County is included in the Big Spring, TX Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Big Spring, Texas
Big Spring is a city in and the county seat of Howard County, Texas, United States, at the crossroads of U.S. Highway 87 and Interstate 20. Its population was 26,144 at the 2020 census. Big Spring was established as the county seat of Howard County in 1882; it is the largest community in the county.

The city took its name from the single, large spring that issued into a small gorge between the base of Scenic Mountain and a neighboring hill in the southwestern part of the city limits. Although the name is sometimes still mistakenly pluralized, it is officially singular. "To the native or established residents who may wince at the plural in Big Spring, it should be explained that until about 1916, when for some unexplained reason the name dropped the final 's', the official name of the town was indeed Big Springs."
Northern District Times
The Northern District Times is an Australian local newspaper, serving the communities in the western parts of the Northern Sydney region. The readership area stretches from the Parramatta River in suburbs such as Gladesville and Hunters Hill to Beecroft and Cheltenham on the Upper North Shore of Sydney. The paper is circulated to approximately 58,500 people, with a readership of approximately 94,000 people. Most of these people are in the 35–64 age group.

The paper is one of the News Limited community newspapers in New South Wales. The Northern District Times is delivered free to homes and businesses every Wednesday.

The paper has been involved in the promotion and sponsorship of local community activities, including the local Granny Smith Festival, held to celebrate the creation of the Granny Smith apple in local suburb Eastwood, and the local section for the Truelocal Business Awards.

Beecroft, New South Wales
Beecroft is a suburb in the Northern Sydney region of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia 22 kilometres north-west of the Sydney central business district in the local government areas of Hornsby Shire and City of Parramatta.

Beecroft resides the upper section of Lane Cove National Park, and is one of the oldest established suburbs in New South Wales. The suburb is notably affluent, and is characterised by leafy streets and large federation homes on big blocks of land.
Free Presbyterian Church, Perth
Perth Free Presbyterian Church is located in Perth, Perth and Kinross, Scotland. Standing on Pomarium Street, in the southwestern corner of the city centre, it was completed in 1939. It is now a Category C listed building. The church was designed by local architect William Erskine Thomson.

A "distinctive, little-altered, well-detailed church," it is notable for its crowstepped gables and steep pedimented dormerheads.

The church and adjoining flat were originally built as a hall and caretaker's flat for the Forteviot Charitable Trust in what was then a run-down area of Perth.

Forteviot
Forteviot (Scottish Gaelic: Fothair Tabhaicht) (Ordnance Survey grid reference NO052175) is a village in Strathearn, Perth and Kinross on the south bank of the River Earn between Dunning and Perth. It lies in the council area of Perth and Kinross. The population in 1991 was 160.

The present village was rebuilt in the 1920s by John Alexander Dewar, 1st Baron Forteviot of the Dewar's whisky family.
Bắc Giang, Bắc Ninh
Bắc Giang is a ward (phường) of Bắc Ninh Province, Vietnam.

On June 16, 2025, the Standing Committee of the National Assembly issued Resolution No. 1658/NQ-UBTVQH15 on reorganizing the entire natural area and population of the wards Dĩnh Kế, Hoàng Văn Thụ, Lê Lợi, Ngô Quyền, Thọ Xương, Trần Nguyên Hãn, Trần Phú, Xương Giang, and Dĩnh Trì Commune into a new ward named Bắc Giang Ward.

Bắc Ninh province
Bắc Ninh (Vietnamese pronunciation: [ɓɐ̌k˧˥ nīɲ]) is a province of Vietnam, located in the Northern Midlands and Mountains. It borders Hanoi, Hải Phòng, Hưng Yên province, Lạng Sơn province, and Thái Nguyên province. The province covers an area of 822.71 km2 (317.65 mi2) and as of 2022 it had a population of 1.488.250.

The province is known for Quan họ folk music. Quan họ was recognized as an Intangible Cultural Heritage by the UNESCO in 2009. Bắc Ninh has a Human Development Index of 0.779 (high), ranking seventh among all municipalities and provinces of Vietnam. It was ranked eighth in Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) and third in per capita GRDP among Vietnamese administrative units. The GRDP reached 248.376 trillion Vietnamese Đồng (equivalent to over 10.8 billion USD), with a per capita GRDP of 7,250 USD (equivalent to 167 million Đồng), and a GRDP growth rate of 7.39% in 2022.
Arthur Payne (cricketer)
Arthur Frederick Payne (7 December 1831 at Leicester – 23 July 1910 at Brighton, Sussex) was an English amateur cricketer who played from 1854 to 1867. He was the twin brother of Alfred Payne.

Payne was a student at Trinity College, Oxford, matriculating in 1851 and graduating B.A. in 1856. A right-handed batsman who was mainly associated with Oxford University and Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC), he made 10 known appearances.

Trinity College, Oxford
Trinity College (full name: The College of the Holy and Undivided Trinity in the University of Oxford, of the foundation of Sir Thomas Pope (Knight)) is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. The college was founded in 1555 by Sir Thomas Pope, on land previously occupied by Durham College, home to Benedictine monks from Durham Cathedral.

Despite its large physical size, the college is relatively small in terms of student numbers at approximately 400. It was founded as a men's college and has been coeducational since 1979. As of 2023, the total funds of Trinity amounted to more than £224 million, including a financial endowment of £191 million.

Trinity has produced three British prime ministers, placing it third after Christ Church and Balliol in terms of former students who have held that office.
Cape Race
Cape Race is a point of land located at the southeastern tip of the Avalon Peninsula on the island of Newfoundland, in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Its name is thought to come from the original Portuguese name for this cape, "Raso", meaning flat or low-lying.  The Cape appeared on early sixteenth century maps as Cabo Raso and its name may derive from a cape of the same name at the mouth of the Tagus River in Portugal.  The cape was the location of the Cape Race LORAN-C transmitter until the system was decommissioned in 2010. It is also home to the Cape Race Lighthouse, notable for having received the distress call from the RMS Titanic.

Tagus
The Tagus (/ˈteɪɡəs/ TAY-gəs; Spanish: Tajo [ˈtaxo] ⓘ; Portuguese: Tejo [ˈtɛʒu]) is the longest river in the Iberian Peninsula. The river rises in the Montes Universales between Cuenca and Teruel, in mid-eastern Spain, flows 1,007 km (626 mi), generally westward, and empties into the Atlantic Ocean at Lisbon.
Sunset Over Soho
Sunset Over Soho is a 1943 detective novel by the British writer Gladys Mitchell. It is the sixteenth in her long-running series featuring the psychoanalyst and amateur detective Mrs Bradley. Bradley was one of a number of investigators active during the Golden Age of Detective Fiction.

A review by Ralph Partridge in the New Statesman noted "Miss Mitchell does her best to represent English surrealism. Sunset over Soho seems to centre round a body in a coffin, which starts its career somewhere up the Thames and eventually comes to earth in an air-raid shelter in Soho, having apparently dropped out of a church. Someone takes part in the evacuation of Dunkirk, and someone else takes a trip to the Canary Islands. No incident is ever explained, and there are plenty of incidents; while Mrs. Bradley lords it over all. This must be the deepest of Miss Mitchell’s constructions, as even her most ardent fans have been unable to fathom its beauties."

Golden Age of Detective Fiction
The Golden Age of Detective Fiction was an era of classic murder mystery novels of similar patterns and styles, predominantly in the 1920s and 1930s. While the Golden Age proper is usually taken to refer to works from that period, this type of fiction has been written since at least 1911 and is still being written.

In his history of the detective story, Bloody Murder: From the Detective Story to the Crime Novel, the author Julian Symons heads two chapters devoted to the Golden Age as "the Twenties" and "the Thirties". Symons notes that Philip Van Doren Stern's article, "The Case of the Corpse in the Blind Alley" (1941), "could serve ... as an obituary for the Golden Age." Authors Agatha Christie, Dorothy L. Sayers, Margery Allingham, and Ngaio Marsh have been collectively called the Queens of Crime.
Brachycephalus pombali
Brachycephalus pombali is a species of frogs in the family Brachycephalidae. It is endemic to Brazil and only known from its type locality, "Morro dos Padres, Pico da Igreja", in the Serra do Mar in Guaratuba, Paraná state. The type locality is at about 1,300 m (4,300 ft) above sea level.

Brachycephalidae
The Brachycephalidae (/ˌbrækɪsɪˈfælɪdi/) are a family of frogs confined to eastern and southern Brazil and northern Argentina. The family is composed of two externally quite different genera: the tiny, often (but not always) colourful and plump saddleback toads (Brachycephalus) from Brazil, and the larger, slimmer and more drab genus Ischnocnema from both Brazil and Argentina. The family is mainly defined by molecular characteristics, and are linked by few anatomical features. It was erected from two genera of the previously large family Eleutherodactylidae, which is now split into four families.

The Brachycephalidae all have direct development and hatch like miniature adults rather than as tadpoles like most frogs. The members of the genus Brachycephalus are all very diminutive animals, with many species under 1 cm (0.4 in) in snout–to–vent length.