hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mark McMenamin
Mark A. S. McMenamin (born 1957 or 1958) is an American paleontologist and professor of geology at Mount Holyoke College. He has contributed to the study of the Cambrian explosion and the Ediacaran biota.

He is the author of several books, most recently Deep Time Analysis (2018) and Dynamic Paleontology (2016). His earlier works include The Garden of Ediacara: Discovering the Earliest Complex Life (1998), one of the only popular accounts of research on the Ediacaran biota, and Science 101: Geology (2007). He is credited with co-naming several geological formations in Mexico, describing several new fossil genera and species, and naming the Precambrian supercontinent Rodinia and the superocean Mirovia. The Cambrian archeocyathid species Markocyathus clementensis was named in his honor in 1989.

Mirovia
Mirovia or Mirovoi (from Russian мировой, mirovoy, meaning "global") was a hypothesized superocean which may have been a global ocean surrounding the supercontinent Rodinia in the Neoproterozoic Era, about 1 billion to 750 million years ago. Mirovia may be essentially identical to, or the precursor of, the hypothesized Pan-African Ocean, which followed the rifting of Rodinia. The Panthalassa (proto-Pacific) Ocean developed in the Neoproterozoic Era by subduction at the expense of the global Mirovia ocean.

Geologic evidence suggests that the middle Neoproterozoic, the Cryogenian period, was an extreme ice age so intense that Mirovia may have been completely frozen to a depth of 2 km. This is part of the Snowball Earth hypothesis.
Minister responsible for Official Languages (Canada)
The minister responsible for official languages (French: ministre responsable des langues officielles) is a minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet. The minister is supported by the Department of Canadian Heritage and is responsible for administering Official Languages Act.

The role has been held by Marc Miller since 2025. The minister is selected by the prime minister and appointed by the Crown. The position was first introduced in 2003 and the position has often been held in conjunction with another portfolio, such as minister responsible for La Francophonie or minister of Canadian heritage.

Minister of the Crown
Minister of the Crown is a formal constitutional term used in Commonwealth realms to describe a minister of the reigning sovereign or viceroy. The term indicates that the minister serves at His Majesty's pleasure, and advises the sovereign or viceroy on how to exercise the Crown prerogatives relating to the minister's department or ministry.
Mahmut Karaduman
Mahmut Karaduman was a Turkish national and the plaintiff in a famous libel case. The Long Island newspaper Newsday wrote a series of thirty-two articles entitled The Heroin Trail, which was awarded the Pulitzer Prize Gold Medal for public service.  Karaduman sued Newsday over the following description:

The owner of the Karavan nightclub in Istanbul's Galatasaray Square, middle-aged Douman [Karaduman] divides his time between Istanbul, where his brother handles base shipments, and villas in Switzerland and Lebanon. He specializes in smuggling by the Black Sea route. His lieutenant, a Turk named Gabi Kaiat, lives in Bucharest and handles transshipments on the Romanian end.

Bob Greene, Les Payne and Knut Royce were the Newsday journalists Karaduman sued.  Although Karaduman was cleared of the drug charge in that there had been proven "substantial falsity" in the stories, there was no judgment against Newsday in that the story had not been grossly irresponsible.

Galatasaray, Beyoğlu
Galatasaray is a quarter on the European side of Istanbul, the largest city of Turkey, belonging to Beyoğlu district of the province of Istanbul,

Galatasaray Square is located at approximately the center of İstiklal Avenue and is home to the oldest secondary school in Turkey: the Galatasaray High School (Galatasaray Lisesi), originally known as the Galata Sarayı Enderun-u Hümayunu (Galata Palace Imperial School). Galatasaray S.K., one of the most famous football clubs of Turkey, was established in 1905 by the students of this school. The "50th Anniversary of the Republic" (1973) monument at Galatasaray Square was sculpted by Şadi Çalık.

The original campus of the Ottoman Imperial School of Medicine, established in 1827, was in Galatasaray, in a former imperial page school. After a fire in 1848 it temporarily moved to the Golden Horn.
Acheilognathus rhombeus
Acheilognathus rhombeus is a temperate freshwater fish belonging to the family Acheilognathidae, the bitterlings.  It originates in Japan and the Korean Peninsula. It was originally described as Capoeta rhombea by Temminck & Schlegel in 1846.  It is the type species for the genus Acheilognathus.

When spawning, the females deposit their eggs inside bivalves, where they hatch and the young remain until they can swim.

Acheilognathidae
The bitterling-like cyprinids form the cyprinoid family Acheilognathidae. This family contains seven genera, although the Khanka spiny bitterling is often placed in Acheilognathus, and at least 75 described species to date. Over half of the species are in the genus Acheilognathus.
Fura (rapper)
Ajmal Abdul Rahiman known by his stage name Fura is an Indian rapper, music producer, and singer based in Dubai. Born in Kasaragod, Kerala, Fura moved to Dubai when he was two years old. He gained fame through his various live performances and online musical performances and features.

Fura became popular after a feature verse on an R&B cover version of "Tum Hi Ho" which was uploaded on YouTube in May 2013. He is most famous for his singles "Emarat", "Bounce","Pehla Pyar", "This Generation" & "Fcuk You Kony" which was aimed at creating an awareness for Kony 2012 in the United Arab Emirates. Other major features by him include the "Summer Paradise" Cover with Jasim & Alwin and "Whistle" Cover with Jasim.

Tum Hi Ho
"Tum Hi Ho" (transl. You are the one) is an Indian Hindi-language romantic song from the 2013 Indian film Aashiqui 2, sung by Arijit Singh. It was composed and written by Mithoon. Picturised on Aditya Roy Kapur and Shraddha Kapoor, it was released by Bhushan Kumar under T-Series, and was in the top 10 of Planet Bollywood for eight weeks and capturing the first spot on the Top 20 of MTV India for seven weeks.
Pixodarus
Pixodarus or Pixodaros (in Lycian 𐊓𐊆𐊜𐊁𐊅𐊀𐊕𐊀 Pixedara; in Greek Πιξώδαρoς; ruled 340–334 BC), was a satrap of Caria, nominally the Achaemenid Empire Satrap, who enjoyed the status of king or dynast by virtue of the powerful position his predecessors of the House of Hecatomnus (the Hecatomnids) created when they succeeded the assassinated Persian Satrap Tissaphernes in the Carian satrapy. Lycia was also ruled by the Carian dynasts since the time of Mausolus, and the name of Pixodarus as ruler appears in the Xanthos trilingual inscription in Lycia.

Lycian alphabet
The Lycian alphabet was used to write the Lycian language of the Asia Minor region of Lycia. It was an extension of the Greek alphabet, with half a dozen additional letters for sounds not found in Greek. It was largely similar to the Lydian and the Phrygian alphabets.
Gail Atkinson
Gail Marie Atkinson (born 1957) is a Canadian seismologist. She is a former professor at the University of Western Ontario and Canada Research Chair in Earthquake Hazards and Ground Motions. In 2014, Atkinson was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada for being an "international leader in the development of models to predict earthquake ground motions as a function of magnitude and distance."

Seismology
Seismology (/saɪzˈmɒlədʒi, saɪs-/; from Ancient Greek σεισμός (seismós), meaning 'earthquake', and -λογία (-logía), meaning 'study of') is the scientific study of earthquakes (or generally, quakes) and the generation and propagation of elastic waves through planetary bodies. It also includes studies of the environmental effects of earthquakes such as tsunamis; other seismic sources such as volcanoes, plate tectonics, glaciers, rivers, oceanic microseisms, and the atmosphere; and artificial processes such as explosions.

Paleoseismology is a related field that uses geology to infer information regarding past earthquakes. A recording of Earth's motion as a function of time, created by a seismograph is called a seismogram. A seismologist is a scientist who works in basic or applied seismology.
Elinor Langton-Boyle
Elinor Alice Veilleux Langton–Boyle (née Elinor Alice Veilleux; June 13, 1865 – July 13, 1946), also known as Ma Boyle, was an American-born Hawaiian businesswoman and journalist, who operated the Paradise of the Pacific magazine from 1902 to 1944.

Honolulu (magazine)
Honolulu is a city magazine covering Honolulu and the Hawaii region. It dates back to 1888 when it was called Paradise of the Pacific. It is the oldest magazine in the state of Hawaii and is the longest published magazine west of the Mississippi. Honolulu is a member of the City and Regional Magazine Association (CRMA).
Takhtisdziri Achaemenid seal
Takhtisdziri Achaemenid seal refers to an Achaemenid seal which was excavated by I. Gagoshidze in 1996 in the village of Takhtisdziri in Shida Kartli, Kareli Municipality in Georgia. It is a conical dark sky-blue (approaching violet) seal made out of chalcedony. The seal, which has a outward swelling surface, depicts a Tree of Life in addition to a pair of wild goats on both sides of the tree. A four-petalled flower is depicted at each branch of the tree. It dates to the earlier half of the 5th century BC. According to Ketevan Dzhavakhishvili in Ancient Civilizations from Scythia to Siberia, the seal, on the whole, is a genuine masterpiece. The seal belongs to the "Oriental Royal Stye" as defined by John Boardman, which represents cylinder and conical seals predominantly influenced by Assyrian and Babylonian elements.

Kareli Municipality
Kareli (Georgian: ქარელის მუნიციპალიტეტი, romanized: karelis munitsip'alit'et'i) is a district of Georgia, in the region of  Shida Kartli. Some northern territories of the district are part of the self-proclaimed republic of South Ossetia and have not been under control of the Georgian government since 1992. Located in the central part of Georgia on the Shida Kartli plain. The municipality is bordered on the east by Gori, on the west by Khashuri, and on the south by Borjomi. Area of the municipality - 687.9 km2 Population - 41 316 people. There are 35 state public schools and 1 private school-gymnasium, a secondary vocational school, 1 central library, a cultural center and a museum of local lore in Kareli municipality.
Kamieniec, Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Kamieniec [kaˈmjɛɲɛt͡s] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Kłodzko, within Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland.

The village was mentioned under its Latinized Old Polish name Camenicza in a document of 1286, when it part of the Duchy of Wrocław within fragmented Piast-ruled Poland. The name is of Polish origin and is derived from the word kamień, which means "stone".

Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Lower Silesian Voivodeship (Polish: województwo dolnośląskie, [vɔjɛˈvut͡stfɔ dɔlnɔˈɕlɔ̃skjɛ] ⓘ) in southwestern Poland, is one of the 16 voivodeships (provinces) into which Poland is divided. It covers an area of 19,946 square kilometres (7,701 sq mi) and as of 2019 has a total population of 2,899,986.

It is one of the wealthiest provinces in Poland, as natural resources such as copper, brown coal and rock materials are widely present.

Its capital and largest city is Wrocław, situated on the Oder River. The voivodeship is host to several spa towns, many castles and palaces, and the Giant Mountains, with several ski resorts. For this reason, tourism is a large part of this region's economy.
New Mexico State Road 372
State Road 372 (NM 372), also known as Snow Road, is a 2.633-mile (4.237 km) state highway in Doña Ana, New Mexico, United States, that connects New Mexico State Road 374 (NM 374), south of Mesilla with NM 359 in Mesilla.

Mesilla, New Mexico
Mesilla (also known as La Mesilla and Old Mesilla) is a town in Doña Ana County, New Mexico, United States. The population was 1,797 at the 2020 census. It is part of the Las Cruces Metropolitan Statistical Area.

During the Civil War, Mesilla briefly served as capital of the Confederate Territory of Arizona.

The Mesilla Plaza is a National Historic Landmark.
Strikeforce: Shamrock vs. Diaz
Strikeforce: Shamrock vs. Diaz was a mixed martial arts event held by Strikeforce on April 11, 2009 at the HP Pavilion in San Jose, California. It was the first event promoted by Strikeforce after their acquisition of assets from the defunct EliteXC promotion through its parent company ProElite. It aired on the Showtime cable network and online through Strikeforce All Access. 
Gus Johnson, Mauro Ranallo and Pat Miletich were commentating during the broadcast and Jimmy Lennon Jr. was the ring announcer. The official attendance was announced to be 14,409. The event drew an estimated 364,000 viewers on Showtime.

Jimmy Lennon Jr.
James Frederick "Jimmy" Lennon Jr. (born August 5, 1958) is an American boxing ring announcer who was employed primarily by Showtime and Fox Sports as ring announcer for their Showtime Championship Boxing and Premier Boxing Champions, also by Bob Arum's Top Rank on ESPN events. Lennon was also employed by Fox Sports when it previously had rights to professional boxing and was the ring announcer for Don King Promotions' fights that aired on various networks. He is best known for his catchphrase, "It's showtime!" but the catchphrase was not spoken during Fox's fight coverage.
Wiberg
Wiberg is a Swedish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anders Wiberg (1816–1887), Swedish preacher

Curt Wiberg (1898–1988), Swedish sprinter

Daryl Wiberg (born 1951), Canadian politician

Finn Wiberg (born 1943), Danish footballer and manager

Johanna Wiberg (born 1983), Swedish handball player

Kenneth B. Wiberg (born 1927), American chemist

Martin Wiberg (1826–1905), Swedish inventor

Nicklas Wiberg (born 1985), Swedish decathlete

Per Wiberg (born 1968), Swedish musician

Pernilla Wiberg (born 1970), Swedish alpine skier

Susanne Wiberg (born 1963), Swedish canoeist

Susanne Gunnarsson
Susanne Gunnarsson (née Wiberg; born 8 September 1963 in Katrineholm) is a Swedish sprint canoer and marathon canoeist who competed from the early 1980s to the late 1990s. Competing in four Summer Olympics, she won three medals with one gold (1996: K-2 500 m) and two silvers (1984: K-4 500 m, 1992: K-2 500 m).

Gunnarsson also won nine medals at the ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships with a gold (K-1 5000 m: 1993), three silvers (K-2 200 m: 1995, K-2 500 m: 1981, K-4 200 m: 1998), and five bronzes (K-1 500 m: 1995, K-2 500 m: 1983, 1995; K-2 1000 m: 1998, K-4 500 m: 1981).

She was awarded the Svenska Dagbladet Gold Medal in 1996, jointly with Agneta Andersson.
Narmada Nagar
Narmada Nagar (pronunciationⓘ) is a township in Punasa Tehsil in East Nimar district of Madhya Pradesh, India. It belongs to Indore division.

It is located 49 km north of District headquarters Khandwa. 14 km from Punasa. 179 km from State capital Bhopal.

Jamkota (4 km), Pipalkota (5 km), Gulgaon Rayat (6 km), Purni (7 km), and Anjaniya Kala (8 km) are the nearby villages to Narmada Nagar.

Narmada Nagar is surrounded by Baladi Tehsil towards the east, Harsud Tehsil towards the east, Khirkiya Tehsil towards the east, and Khandwa Tehsil towards the south.

Sanawad, Harda, and Nepanagar are the nearby cities to Narmada Nagar.

Indore division
Indore division is an administrative geographical unit of Madhya Pradesh state of India. Indore is the administrative headquarters of the division.

The division consists of districts of  Indore, Barwani, Burhanpur, Dhar, Jhabua, Khandwa, Khargone and Alirajpur.

In late 2025, Indore and Ujjain divisions have received low rainfall.

22°42′N 75°54′E﻿ / ﻿22.7°N 75.9°E﻿ / 22.7; 75.9
Powrie Castle
Powrie Castle is a ruined 16th-century castle located in the north of Dundee, Scotland. It was designated as a scheduled monument in 1971. The early 17th-century north range of the castle is now a separate fortified house and has been converted into a private residence. It itself is a Category A listed building.

Fortified house
A fortified house or fortified mansion, from French maison forte, is a type of building which developed in Europe during the Middle Ages, generally with significant fortifications added. During the earlier Roman period it was common for wealthy landowners to construct unfortified villas on their lands. After the fall of Rome, increased social instability and military conflict necessitated more austere, defensible types of structures. A castle is a type of particularly well-fortified residence. In English-language academic works of castellology, the French term maison-forte is also used, more seldom unhyphenated (maison forte).
2021 Tennis in the Land
The 2021 Tennis in the Land event was a professional women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at Jacobs Pavilion. It was the first edition of the tournament held in the city of Cleveland in the United States and was a part of the WTA 250 category of the 2021 WTA Tour.

Jacobs Pavilion
Jacobs Pavilion (originally Nautica Stage, later Scene Pavilion, The Plain Dealer Pavilion and Nautica Pavilion) is an open-air amphitheater located on the west bank of The Flats in Cleveland, Ohio. The venue is part of the Nautica Waterfront District owned by Jacobs Entertainment, Inc.
Carlo Zendo Tetsugen Serra
Carlo Zendo Tetsugen Serra (born in Milano, Italy in 1953) is an Italian missionary Soto Zen master  (Kokusaifukyoshi 国際布教師), in the lineage of Harada Daiun Sogaku (原田祖岳, 1871–1961). He founded his sangha, of the "Sangha della foresta di Bambü" (Bamboo Forest's Sangha) and the monasteries  Ensoji il Cerchio in Milan, and Sanbo-ji Tempio dei Tre Gioielli in Berceto. He also founded the "Scuola Zen di Shiatsu" (Zen Shiatsu School), which aims to use the art of shiatsu treatments as a zen practice. 
He is one of the Buddhist religious authorities in Europe, a signatory of the interreligious Italian "Manifesto della pace" (Peace Manifesto).

Tetsugyu Soin Ban
Religion portal

Tetsugyu Soin Ban (伴 鉄牛 (Ban Tetsugyu)祖印 (soin); 4 June 1910 in Hanamaki, Japan – 21 January 1996 in Tokyo, Japan) was a Japanese Zen master.
He was a disciple of the Soto Zen Master Harada Daiun Sogaku, one of the first Zen teachers to open Zen doctrine to western students.
Richard Pollok
Prof. Richard Pollok is a British gastroenterologist and academic. He is a Professor of Practice in Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Infection at St George's, University of London. He also serves as a consultant physician at St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust and is a visiting professor at Imperial College London. His research primarily revolves around inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and gastrointestinal infection.

Gastrointestinal disease
Gastrointestinal diseases (abbrev. GI diseases or GI illnesses) refer to diseases involving the gastrointestinal tract, namely the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine and rectum; and the accessory organs of digestion, the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas.
Genoa, Minnesota
Genoa is an unincorporated community in Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States.  The community is located along 75th Street NW (County 14) near Exchange Avenue.  Genoa is located within New Haven Township and Kalmar Township.  Nearby places include Oronoco, Pine Island, and Byron.  The South Branch Middle Fork of the Zumbro River flows nearby.

Kalmar Township, Olmsted County, Minnesota
Kalmar Township is a township in Olmsted County, Minnesota, United States. The population was 1,196 at the 2000 census.  It surrounds the city of Byron.

Kalmar Township was organized in 1858, and named after Kalmar, in Sweden.
Yiftach Ziv
Yiftach Ziv (Hebrew: יפתח זיו; born July 9, 1995) is an Israeli professional basketball player for Hapoel Tel Aviv of the Israeli Ligat HaAl and the EuroLeague. Standing at 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m), he plays at the point guard position.

Hapoel HaEmek
Hapoel Gilat HaEmek (Hebrew: הפועל העמק) are a professional basketball club based in north-east Israel. The club plays its home game in the Israeli Basketball Premier League (the top tier of Israeli basketball) in a 2,250-seat arena in Gan Ner.
Lusitanian Wars
The Lusitanian Wars, called Pyrinos Polemos ("the Fiery War") in Greek, were wars of resistance fought by the Lusitanian tribes of Hispania Ulterior against the advancing legions of the Roman Republic from 155 to 139 BC. The Lusitanians revolted in 155 BC, and again in 146 BC and were pacified. In 154 BC, a long war in Hispania Citerior, known as the Numantine War, was begun by the Celtiberians. It lasted until 133 and is an important event in the integration of what would become Portugal into the Roman and Latin-speaking world.

Titii (Celtiberian)
The Titii or Tithii were a small and obscure Celtiberian people, whose lands were located along the middle Jalón and upper Tajuña valleys, somewhere between Alhama de Aragón in Zaragoza and Molina de Aragón in Guadalajara provinces.
Darrington Municipal Airport
Darrington Municipal Airport (FAA LID: 1S2) is a public airport located in Darrington, a rural town in Snohomish County, Washington, United States. It is owned and operated by the town government and is situated west–east along the north side of State Route 530.

The airport has a single, paved runway that measures 2,491 feet (0.759 km) in length. It is primarily used for general aviation purposes. Darrington constructed the airport in 1958 and added several hangars in the 1980s. The airport has also hosted various events, including the first editions of the local rodeo in the 1960s. The west end of the airport grounds is used as a local cemetery.

Hangar
A hangar is a building or structure designed to hold aircraft or spacecraft. Hangars are built of metal, wood, or concrete. The word hangar comes from Middle French hanghart ("enclosure near a house"), of Germanic origin, from Frankish *haimgard ("home-enclosure", "fence around a group of houses"), from *haim ("home, village, hamlet") and gard ("yard"). The term, gard, comes from the Old Norse garðr ("enclosure, garden").

Hangars are used for protection from the weather, direct sunlight and for maintenance, repair, manufacture, assembly and storage of aircraft.
Gustaf af Wetterstedt
Count Gustaf af Wetterstedt (29 December 1776 – 15 May 1837) was a Swedish statesman. He was the Swedish Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1824 to 1837. In 1811, he was elected into the Swedish Academy, and later he also became a member of the Royal Swedish Academies of Agriculture, Music and Sciences (1817). In 1821, he was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society in Philadelphia. He was invested Knight of the Order of the Seraphim.

Among the treaties he negotiated and signed on behalf of Sweden were the Treaty of Örebro and the Treaty of Kiel.

Treaties of Örebro
Two Treaties of Örebro were signed on the same day, 18 July 1812, in Örebro, Sweden. Negotiated by the British minister-plenipotentiary in Sweden, Edward Thornton, they formally ended the Anglo-Russian War (1807–1812) and the Anglo-Swedish War (1810–1812), neither of which had seen serious military action.