hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
DN1B
DN1B (Romanian: Drumul Național 1B) is a national road in Romania which runs from Ploiești to Buzău via Mizil. The DN1B has recently been upgraded. On its first segment, from Ploiești to Valea Călugărească it runs through one of Romania's most important wine regions and the site of many inns (hanuri) and historical cellars, many of which were built in the 18th and 19th centuries. The DN1B is therefore known as Romania's "wine road".

The A7 motorway will serve as a safer and high-speed alternative to the DN1B when completed between Ploiești and Buzău, with Mizil being served through an exit from the motorway at Cireșanu.

A7 motorway (Romania)
The A7 motorway (Romanian: Autostrada A7), also known as the Ploiești–Siret Motorway (Romanian: Autostrada Ploiești–Siret) or the Moldavia Motorway (Romanian: Autostrada Moldovei), is a partially built motorway in Romania, that upon completion will link Ploiești to the north-eastern part of the country, partly along the Pan-European Corridor IX. It will run along the route: Buzău, Focșani, Bacău, Roman, Pașcani, and Suceava, connecting to Ukraine's M19 highway near Siret.

As of December 2025, several segments of the motorway are done, totaling to 211.9 km of opened motorway. All other sections of the motorway are in various stages of tendering and construction.

The Pașcani – Siret section will be financed through EU funds, while the government wants the Ploiești – Pașcani section (excluding the Bacău bypass) to be financed through the Romanian PNRR (short for Planul Național de Redresare și Reziliență, part of the Next Generation EU package).
Gordon Pritchard
Gordon Pritchard (born 26 September 1954) is a Welsh rugby union and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1970s and 1980s, and coached rugby union in the 1990s and 2000s. He played club level rugby union (RU) for Cardiff RFC, and  Newport RFC, as a wing, and representative level rugby league (RL) for Wales, and at club level for Leeds, Bradford Northern, Barrow, Huddersfield (two spells), Eastern Suburbs (in Canterbury, New Zealand), and Cardiff City (Bridgend) Blue Dragons, as a fullback, and coached club level rugby union (RU) for Tondu RFC, Caerphilly RFC, .Senghenydd RFC and Machen RFC

Caerphilly RFC
Caerphilly Rugby Football Club is a Welsh rugby union team founded in 1887. Their home ground is The Mollex stadium in Caerphilly and their nickname is The Cheesemen. Caerphilly RFC currently play in the WRU Division One East Central and are a feeder club for Dragons RFC.

Caerphilly RFC also run a thriving Mini and Junior Section with teams from Under 6's up to Youth. The Youth compete in the Dragons A League whilst the Seconds (known as the Diamonds) compete in a mid district 2nds league. Caerphilly Rugby Football Club is the largest Community Rugby Club in Wales by participation numbers
G3: Live in Concert
G3: Live in Concert is a live album and DVD by the G3 project, led by Joe Satriani. It was released in 1997 by Epic Records. This lineup of G3 includes Joe Satriani, Eric Johnson and Steve Vai. In 2005, a DVD of this concert was also released.

Jeff Campitelli
Jeff Campitelli (born 29 December 1960) is an American drummer best known for his collaborations with Joe Satriani. He has played on most of Satriani's albums and is a frequent member of his touring band.  Before Satriani's breakthrough in instrumental music he played with Joe Satriani in a band called The Squares. Jeff taught drums at Danville Music Studio in Danville, CA in the 1990s.
John Lebans
John Lebans is a former politician in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. He was elected to the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick in a February 15, 1993 by-election to replace Michael McKee, who was appointed to a judgeship. Lebans chose not to run for re-election and resigned on June 26, 1995 just before the 1995 election.

He represented the electoral district of Moncton North.

Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick
The Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick (French: Assemblée législative du Nouveau-Brunswick) is the deliberative assembly of the New Brunswick Legislature, in the province of New Brunswick, Canada. The assembly's seat is located in Fredericton. It was established in Saint John de jure when the colony was created in 1784 but came into session only in 1786, following the first elections in late 1785. The legislative assembly was originally the lower house in a bicameral legislature. Its upper house counterpart, the Legislative Council of New Brunswick, was abolished in 1891.  Its members are called "Members of the Legislative Assembly", commonly referred to as "MLAs".
Majzoob (Sufism)
In Sufism, the Majzoob or Majzub (Arabic: مَجْذُوب, plural: مَجَاذِيبٌ majazib, majazeeb) is a mystical station (ḥāl) that the Muslim saint (wali) underwent in his journey within Islamic sufism to reach the posture (maqām) of reacher (wasil) and perfect man (al-Insān al-Kāmil).

Ibadah
Ibadah (Arabic: عبادة, romanized: ibādah; IPA: [ʕi.baː.da], also spelled ibada) is an Arabic word meaning service or servitude. In Islam, ibadah is usually translated as “worship”, and ibadat—the plural of ibadah—refers to Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) of Muslim religious rituals.

In Islamic thought, ibadah is often understood more broadly than formal rituals alone. Scholars and theologians describe it as encompassing all actions and intentions aimed at pleasing God when performed with sincerity and in accordance with divine guidance, including everyday activities such as ethical behaviour, honest work, and social duties, provided they are done with the intention to fulfil God’s commands. This perspective holds that ibadah extends beyond the traditional pillars of worship to cover acts that benefit society and reflect obedience and submission to God, integrating spiritual devotion with moral and social conduct in daily life.
Hedz
Hedz is a children's satirical show produced by BBC Scotland for CBBC which parodies various celebrities and politicians as large cardboard cut-outs over people's faces (sometimes with clothing that resembles the celebrity). Voices were provided by Tim Dann, Rupert Degas, Peter Dickson, Adam Longworth, and Kate O'Sullivan. It is filmed on the same set of BBC Scotland soap opera River City.

The first series aired during the second series of the children's Saturday morning show TMi on BBC Two in 2007. A second series was produced in 2010 and was aired as part of Sam & Mark's TMi Friday on the CBBC Channel.

Gok Wan
Gok Wan MBE (simplified Chinese: 温国兴; traditional Chinese: 溫國興; pinyin: Wēn Guóxìng; Cantonese Yale: Wān Gwok-hīng; born 9 September 1974) is a British fashion consultant, author, television presenter, actor, DJ and chef.

Initially training in the performing arts at the Central School of Speech and Drama, he then entered the fashion business, writing for popular fashion magazines and appearing on various television shows. In 2006, Channel 4 employed him to present his own television show, How to Look Good Naked, which lasted for seven series, and Say Yes to the Dress Lancashire. Moving into other genres, he presented a series of documentaries on social problems among young people, drawing on his personal battles with obesity and homophobia, and presented Chinese cooking shows entitled Gok Cooks Chinese and Gok's Chinese Takeaway.
Beat Hefti
Beat Hefti (born 3 February 1978) is a Swiss bobsledder who has competed since the late 1990s. Competing in four Winter Olympics, he  has won a total of four Olympic medals. A gold medal in Sochi (two-man, 2014), two bronze medals in Turin (two-man and four-man, 2006) and another bronze medal in Salt Lake City (two-man, 2002).

Hefti has also won four medals at the World Championships with one gold (Four-man: 2007), one silver (Four-man: 1999), and two bronzes (Two-man: 2001, 2005).

He won the Bobsleigh World Cup two-man title in 2009 and 2012.

FIBT World Championships 1999
The FIBT World Championships 1999 took place in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy (Bobsleigh) and Altenberg, Germany (Skeleton). Cortina hosted the championships for the ninth time, previously doing so in 1937 (Two-man), 1939 (Four-man), 1950, 1954, 1960, 1966, 1981, and 1989 (Bobsleigh). Altenberg hosted the championship event for the third time, doing so previously in 1991 (Bobsleigh) and 1994 (Skeleton).
Itruvone
Itruvone (INNTooltip International Nonproprietary Name; developmental code name PH10), also known as pregn-4-en-20-yn-3-one, is a vomeropherine which is under development by VistaGen Therapeutics as a nasal spray for the treatment of major depressive disorder.

Nasal spray
Nasal sprays are used to deliver medications locally in the nasal cavities or systemically. They are used locally for conditions such as nasal congestion and allergic rhinitis. In some situations, the nasal delivery route is preferred for systemic therapy because it provides an agreeable alternative to injection or pills. Substances can be assimilated extremely quickly and directly through the nose. Many pharmaceutical drugs exist as nasal sprays for systemic administration (e.g. sedative-analgesics, treatments for migraine, osteoporosis and nausea). Other applications include hormone replacement therapy, treatment of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Nasal sprays are seen as a more efficient way of transporting drugs with potential use in crossing the blood–brain barrier.
× Tritordeum
Tritordeum is a hybrid crop, obtained by crossing durum wheat with the wild barley Hordeum chilense. It has less gliadin (gluten) than wheat, but still performs well in breads, both in terms of dough rising and texture qualities, and in taste-testing, where it substantially outperformed gluten-free breads. It has ten times more lutein, more oleic acid, and more fiber than wheat, giving products made from it a yellower hue and a pleasant flavor profile.

Durum wheat
Durum (/ˈdjʊərəm/), also called pasta wheat or macaroni wheat (Triticum durum or Triticum turgidum subsp. durum), is a tetraploid species of wheat. It is the second-most cultivated species of wheat after common wheat, although it represents only 5 to 8% of global wheat production. It was developed by artificial selection of the domesticated emmer wheat strains formerly grown in Central Europe and the Near East around 7000 BC, which developed a naked, free-threshing form. Like emmer, durum is awned (with bristles). It is the predominant wheat grown in the Middle East.
The Virginian (album)
The Virginian is the 1997 debut studio album by American vocalist Neko Case, whose backing band at that time consisted of a rotating group of musicians referred to as "Her Boyfriends". It was Case's first solo record after previously being a member of Vancouver pop punk bands Maow and Cub.

Guest musicians on the album include Carl Newman, Carolyn Mark, Rose Melberg, Matt Murphy, Brian Connelly, and Darryl Neudorf. Case and Newman would later form the New Pornographers with other Vancouver musicians.

The song "Karoline" was a re-recording of the song "Rebecca Lash" which Case had written and recorded with her previous band Maow. "Misfire" is a cover of a Queen song, originally recorded on the band's Sheer Heart Attack album. "Duchess" was originally recorded by its writer Scott Walker on the 1969 album Scott 4.

A video for "Timber" was shot; however, CMT did not air it, calling it too dark. Case herself was unhappy with the video and did not want it aired.

The New Pornographers
The New Pornographers are a Canadian indie rock band, formed in 1997 in Vancouver, British Columbia. Presented as a musical collective and supergroup of singer-songwriters and musicians from multiple projects, the band currently consists of Carl Newman (vocals, guitar), Neko Case (vocals), John Collins (bass), Todd Fancey (guitar), and Kathryn Calder (keyboards, backing vocals).

The band has released nine studio albums to date and have received critical acclaim for their use of multiple vocalists and songwriters, as well as for the elements of power pop incorporated into their music. Pitchfork has described the band's sound as "peppy, gleeful, headstrong guitar pop", while Stereogum has retrospectively praised the band's debut album Mass Romantic as "one of the greatest" power pop albums.
Territories of the United States on stamps
Territories of the United States on stamps discusses commemorative postal issues devoted to lands that have been ceded to the nation or purchased by treaty in conjunction with both war and peace. Thirteen states have been created from colonial territories, two from independent republics, four from previous states in the Union, and an additional thirty-one from United States territories.

Many aspects of acquisition, settlement and exploration have been celebrated on postage stamps. These are represented below in issues that appeared prior to 1978 (the images of subsequent stamps remain under copyright by the United States Postal Service and may not be reproduced).

Nebraska Territory
The Territory of Nebraska was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from May 30, 1854, until March 1, 1867, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the state of Nebraska. The Nebraska Territory was created by the Kansas–Nebraska Act of 1854. The territorial capital was Omaha. The territory encompassed areas of what is today Nebraska, Wyoming, South Dakota, North Dakota, Colorado, and Montana.
City of Matlosana Local Municipality elections
The City of Matlosana Local Municipality council consists of seventy-seven members elected by mixed-member proportional representation. Thirty-nine councillors are elected by first-past-the-post voting in thirty-nine wards, while the remaining thirty-eight are chosen from party lists so that the total number of party representatives is proportional to the number of votes received. In the election of 1 November 2021 the African National Congress (ANC) won a majority of forty seats.

City of Matlosana
The City of Matlosana (Tswana: Toropo ya Matlosana; Sotho: Toropo ya Matlosana; Afrikaans: Stad Matlosana; Xhosa: IsiXeko saseMatlosana), formerly the City Council of Klerksdorp, is a local municipality within the Dr Kenneth Kaunda District Municipality, in the North West province of South Africa.
Clear Air Turbulence (album)
Clear Air Turbulence is the second studio album by British jazz rock band Ian Gillan Band, released in 1977 with cover by Chris Foss. The album was initially worked on during the period July 1976 to September 1976. A UK tour was promoted, though all of the dates were postponed until April 1977 in order that the new album could be rerecorded and remixed at Kingsway Recorders, London.

The album was reissued in 1989 by Virgin Records on CD, and in 2010 by Edsel Records.

Demon Music Group
Demon Music Group Limited (DMG; formerly Object Enterprises Limited from 1982–1991 and Music Collection International Limited from 1991–2000) is a record company owned by BBC Studios that is mainly concerned with back-catalogue rights and re-issuing recordings as compilations on physical media (CDs and vinyl) via supermarkets and specialist stores.
Diederichsen
Diederichsen is a German surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Angela Diederichsen (born 1950), German judge

Diedrich Diederichsen (born 1957), German author, music journalist and cultural critic

Helga Diederichsen (1930–2005), Mexican swimmer

Angela Diederichsen
Angela Diederichsen (born 8 July 1950 in Neunburg vorm Wald) is a German judge who served at the German Federal Court of Justice for 15 years. She was appointed to Germany's highest court of ordinary jurisdiction on November 7, 2000, and remained until November 30, 2015, when she retired.
Provence Donkey
The Provence Donkey or French: Âne de Provence is a breed of domestic donkey from Provence, in south-eastern France. It is now distributed through much of central and south-east France, with the highest concentration in Provence and the Rhône-Alpes region. For hundreds of years the Provence donkey was used by transhumant shepherds of the area as a pack animal in the seasonal movement of flocks of sheep between their summer pastures on the high Alps of Haute-Provence and the Dauphiné and their winter grounds in Basse-Provence.: 264

Donkey
The donkey or ass is a domesticated equine. It derives from the African wild ass, Equus africanus, and may be classified either as a subspecies thereof, Equus africanus asinus, or as a separate species, Equus asinus.: 1  It was domesticated in Africa some 5000–7000 years ago,: 2 : 3715  and has been used mainly as a working animal since that time.

There are more than 40 million donkeys in the world, mostly in underdeveloped countries, where they are used principally as draught or pack animals. While working donkeys are often associated with those living at or below subsistence, small numbers of donkeys or asses are kept for breeding, as pets, and for livestock protection in developed countries.

An adult male donkey is a jack or jackass, an adult female is a jenny or jennet, and an immature donkey of either sex is a foal. Jacks are often mated with female horses (mares) to produce mules; the less common hybrid of a male horse (stallion) and jenny is a hinny.
Tasha Cobbs Leonard
Natasha Tameika Cobbs Leonard (born July 7, 1981), better known by her stage name Tasha Cobbs, is an American gospel singer, musician, and songwriter. She released her major label debut  album Grace in 2013 with the hit lead single "Break Every Chain". The album reached No. 61 on the Billboard charts. Her biggest hit song was "Break Every Chain".

Cobbs Leonard has won various awards during her music career, including 3 Billboard Music Awards, 12 Dove Awards, 3 Grammy Awards, and 16 Stellar Awards.

Billboard Music Awards
The Billboard Music Awards are honors given out annually by Billboard, a publication covering the music business and a music popularity chart. The Billboard Music Awards show has been held annually since 1990, with the exception of the years 2007 through 2010. The event was previously staged in December, but has been held in May since returning in 2011. On October 19, 2023, it was announced that the award ceremony will be reformatted as a digital-only show and move from broadcast television to its website and Billboard's social media pages, starting with the 2023 edition on November 19, but in 2024, the show aired on Fox.
AKM Nowsheruzzaman
AKM Nowsheruzzaman (Bengali: একেএম নওশেরুজ্জামান; 5 December 1950 – 21 September 2020), better known as Nowsher, was a Bangladeshi footballer who played as a striker or left-winger. In 1971, he toured India with the Shadhin Bangla football team in order to raise international awareness about the Bangladesh Liberation War. After liberation, he was also part of the first ever Bangladesh national football team.

In 1973, Nowsher scored the only goal in a friendly match against Singapore, securing Bangladesh their inaugural international football victory. While at club level, his best season was in 1975 for Mohammedan SC, when he became the First Division League top-scorer with 21 goals.

Dhaka Premier Division Cricket League
The Dhaka Premier Division Cricket League, also known as the Dhaka Premier League, is a club List A tournament in Bangladesh which has been contested annually since the 1973–74 season. It has had List A status since the 2013–14 season. It is run by the Cricket Committee of Dhaka Metropolis.
Freud's Last Session
Freud's Last Session is a 2023 drama film starring Anthony Hopkins, Matthew Goode, Liv Lisa Fries, Jodi Balfour, Jeremy Northam, and Orla Brady. It is based on the stage play of the same name by Mark St. Germain, which itself is based upon the book The Question of God, by Armand Nicholi. The film was directed by Matthew Brown and written by St. Germain.

Freud's Last Session premiered at the 2023 AFI Fest on October 27, 2023. Sony Pictures Classics released the film in a limited release in the United States on 22 December 2023, before expanding wide on 19 January 2024 to mixed reviews from critics.

Dorothy Burlingham
Dorothy Trimble Tiffany Burlingham (11 October 1891 – 19 November 1979) was an American child psychoanalyst and educator.  A lifelong friend and partner of Anna Freud, Burlingham is known for her joint work with Freud on the analysis of children.  During the 1960s and 70s, Burlingham directed the Research Group on the Study of Blind Children at the Hampstead Clinic in London.  Her 1979 article on blind infants, "To Be Blind in a Sighted World," published in The Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, is considered to be a landmark of empathic scientific observation.

Burlingham was the daughter of Louise Wakeman Knox and artist Louis Comfort Tiffany, and the granddaughter of Charles Lewis Tiffany, founder of Tiffany & Co.
Barry Daly (hurler)
Barry Daly (born 1990) is an Irish hurler who played as a right wing-forward for the Galway senior team.

Daly made his first appearance for the team during the 2011 championship and, while he started the first two games, he later became an impact sub. An All-Ireland-winning captain in the under-21 grade, he has yet to win any major honors at senior level with Galway.

At club level Daly is an All-Ireland medalist with Clarinbridge. In addition to this he has also won a county championship winners' medal.

2011 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship
The 2011 All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship was the 123rd staging of the All-Ireland championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1887.  The draw for the 2011 fixtures took place on 7 October 2010. The championship began on 14 May and ended on 4 September 2011. Tipperary were the defending champions.

Kilkenny secured the title with a 2–17 to 1–16 defeat of Tipperary in the All-Ireland final.  This was their 33rd All-Ireland title, their eighth in twelve championship seasons.
High commissioner
High commissioner is the title of various high-ranking, special executive positions held by a commission of appointment.

The English term is also used to render various equivalent titles in other languages.

Gilbert Clayton
Brigadier-General Sir Gilbert Falkingham Clayton, KCMG, KBE, CB (6 April 1875 – 11 September 1929) was a British Army intelligence officer and colonial administrator, who worked in several countries in the Middle East in the early 20th century. In Egypt, during World War I as an intelligence officer, he supervised those who worked to start the Arab Revolt. In Palestine, Arabia and Mesopotamia, in the 1920s as a colonial administrator, he helped negotiate the borders of the countries that later became Israel, Jordan, Syria, Saudi Arabia and Iraq.
The Journal of Industrial Economics
The Journal of Industrial Economics is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal on industrial economics topics. It was established in 1952 to advance the analysis of modern industrial economics so the focus is on topics related to oligopoly] theory, product differentiation, industrial structural change, corporate theory, market regulation, monopoly theory, mergers and acquisitions and technology policy. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2024 impact factor of 1.

Product differentiation
In economics, strategic management and marketing, product differentiation (or simply "differentiation") is the process of distinguishing a product or service from others to make it more attractive to a particular target market. This involves differentiating it from competitors' products as well as from a firm's other products. The concept was proposed by Edward Chamberlin in his 1933 book, The Theory of Monopolistic Competition.

There are three types of product differentiation:

Horizontal differentiation: Based on a single product characteristic which is subjectively evaluated by consumers

Vertical differentiation: Based on a single product characteristic which can be objectively evaluated by consumers

Mixed differentiation: A combination of horizontal and vertical differentiation factors.