hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joseph Bowers
Joseph "Dutch" Bowers (born Josef Ebner, February 18, 1897 – April 27, 1936) was an inmate who was the first man to attempt an escape from the federal penitentiary on Alcatraz Island. Born in Rohrbach in Oberösterreich, Austria-Hungary, Bowers was arrested for robbery of mail with a firearm. Having been on Alcatraz for nearly two years, he was fatally shot during his escape attempt.

Rohrbach in Oberösterreich
Rohrbach in Oberösterreich was a town and capital of the district of Rohrbach in the Austrian state of Upper Austria. On May 1, 2015 Rohrbach was merged with neighboring community of Berg bei Rohrbach to the municipality Rohrbach-Berg.
2021 Junior Pan American Games
The 2021 Junior Pan American Games (Spanish: Juegos Panamericanos Junior 2021) were the first edition of the Junior Pan American Games, an international multi-sports event for athletes aged 17 to 22 in the Americas, organized by Panam Sports. It was held in Cali and Valle, Colombia between November 25 to December 5, 2021.

Valle del Cauca Department
Valle del Cauca (Spanish for "Cauca Valley"; Spanish pronunciation: [ˈbaʎe ðel ˈkawka]), is a department in western Colombia abutting the Pacific Ocean. Its capital is Santiago de Cali. Other cities such as Buenaventura, Buga, Cartago, Palmira and Tuluá have great economical, political, social and cultural influence on the department's life. Valle del Cauca has the largest number of independent (i.e., nonmetropolitan) towns with over 100,000 inhabitants in the country, counting six within its borders. Buenaventura has the largest and busiest seaport in Colombia, moving about 8,500,000 tons of merchandise annually.
Thunar
Thunar is a file manager for Linux and other Unix-like systems, initially written using the GTK+ 2 toolkit and later ported to the GTK+ 3 toolkit. It started to ship with Xfce in version 4.4 RC1 and later. Thunar is developed by Benedikt Meurer, and was originally intended to replace XFFM, Xfce's previous file manager. It was initially called Filer but was changed to Thunar due to a name clash.

Thunar is designed to start up faster and be more responsive than some other Linux file managers, such as GNOME Files and Konqueror. Accessibility is accomplished using GNOME Accessibility Toolkit. Like the rest of Xfce, Thunar is designed to comply with standards, such as those stated at freedesktop.org.
Thunar is simple and lightweight by design, but its functionality can be extended through various plugins.

Thunar is named after the Old Saxon name of Thor, the god of thunder in Norse mythology, and uses Mjölnir, Thor's hammer, as its icon.

Freedesktop.org
freedesktop.org (fd.o), formerly X Desktop Group (XDG), is a project to work on interoperability and shared base technology for free-software desktop environments for the X Window System (X11) and Wayland on Linux and other Unix-like operating systems. Although freedesktop.org produces specifications for interoperability, it is not a formal standards body.

The project was founded by Havoc Pennington, a GNOME developer working for Red Hat in March 2000. Widely used open-source Desktop projects, such as GNOME, KDE's Plasma Desktop, and Xfce, are collaborating with the freedesktop.org project. In 2006, the project released Portland 1.0 (xdg-utils), a set of common interfaces for desktop environments. freedesktop.org joined the X.Org Foundation in 2019. Some of the project's servers are hosted by Portland State University.
Matthew Nisbet
Matthew C. Nisbet is a professor of Communications and Public Policy at Northeastern University. He is the former Editor-in-Chief of Environmental Communication and Senior Editor of the Oxford Encyclopedia of Climate Change Communication. His columns regularly appear in science periodicals.

Environmental Communication (journal)
Environmental Communication is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering environmental communication. It was established in May 2007, with Steve Depoe (University of Cincinnati) as founding editor, and is published eight times per year by Routledge. It is the official journal of the International Environmental Communication Association. The editor-in-chief is Shirley Ho (Nanyang Technological University). According to the Taylor & Francis Journal Metrics, the journal has a 2021 impact factor of  3.518.
Trees and shrubs of Perm
The area of trees and shrubs in the city of Perm in 2000 was:

In 2000, by the order of city administration Perm State University
drew up an inventory of trees and shrubs, which embraced Industrialny and Leninsky city districts completely and other city districts partially. 697,055 trees was taken into account.

The city administration makes efforts to plant trees and shrubs. Since 1999, a "Green Wall" campaign is conducted with the purpose of increase in quantity of trees and shrubs. The action is realized by force of OTOSes, schoolchildren and volunteers.

Perm State University
Perm State University (now Perm State National Research University; Russian: Пермский университет, Пермский государственный университет, Пермский государственный национальный исследовательский университет,  romanised: Permskiy gosudarstvennyy universitet, Permskiy gosudarstvennyy natsionalynyy issledovatelskyy universitet) or PSU, PSNRU (Russian: ПГУ, ПГНИУ, romanised: PGU, PGNIU), is located in the city of Perm, Perm Krai, Russia. Founded in 1916, it claims to be one of the oldest universities in the Ural and eastern territories of Russia. Its current rector is Dmitriy Krasilnikov.
Stunt Silva
Stunt Silva is an Indian stunt actor, action director and stunt co-ordinator who has worked in Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada, Nepali, Hindi films. He made his debut with the 2005 Telugu film Chatrapathi, directed by S. S. Rajamouli and has since also made appearances in films, portraying a supporting antagonist.

Cinema of Nepal
Nepali Cinema, also referred to as "Nepali Chalachitra" (Nepali: नेपाली चलचित्र) is the filmmaking industry in Nepal. This includes films in various languages of Nepal, most notably in Nepali language but also in Newari, Maithili, Tamang, Bhojpuri and Tharu among others. The term Cinemandu is also used, as a portmanteau for films produced in the Nepali language while the Nepalese films produced from Kathmandu and Janakpur in the Maithili language is known as Mithilawood. Both of these film industries are the largest viewing cinema of Nepal and are collectively known as Nepali Cinema.
Jadavpur University Ground
Jadavpur University Ground is a multi-purpose stadium located in Salt Lake City Campus of Jadavpur University, West Bengal. The ground is mainly used for organizing matches of football, cricket and other sports. The main ground at the Salt Lake campus has been leased out to the Cricket Association of Bengal and it often plays host to inter- and intrastate cricket matches. The stadium was established in 2004 when the ground hosted Ranji Trophy match between Bengal cricket team and Karnataka cricket team Since then, it hosted four more First-class cricket matches.

The stadium is regular host of List A and Twenty20 cricket matches

Cricket Association of Bengal
The Cricket Association of Bengal (CAB) is the governing body for cricket in the Indian state of West Bengal. It owns the Eden Gardens stadium in Kolkata, where its headquarters are located. CAB is a full member of the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) and organises various events in West Bengal. It manages the Bengal cricket team, which has competed in domestic tournaments since 1935 and plays its home matches at Eden Gardens.
Starry night toad
The starry night harlequin toad (Atelopus arsyecue) is a species of toad in the family Bufonidae endemic to the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia. Its natural habitats are sub-Andean and Andean forests, sub-páramo and páramo at 2,000–3,500 m (6,600–11,500 ft) above sea level. It is named after its unique coloration, being largely black with white spots.

Atelopus arsyecue is primarily threatened by habitat loss, with assumptions on decline by chytridiomycosis. Coupled with the inaccessibility of the preservation that the toad calls home, the species was feared extinct for over 30 years. However, its continued existence was known to the Arhuaco community in Sogrome, who referred to the animal as gouna and considered its habitat a sacred location. In 2019, the tribe consented to collaboration with researchers and showed them the living population, marking the first scientific documentation of this species in over 30 years.

True toad
A true toad is any member of the family Bufonidae, in the order Anura (frogs and toads). This is the only family of anurans in which all members are known as toads, although some may be called frogs (such as harlequin frogs). The bufonids now comprise more than 35 genera, Bufo being the best known.
The Dragon Queen
The Dragon Queen (ISBN 0-553-81512-1) is a 2001 fantasy novel by Alice Borchardt based on the legend of King Arthur. The story is set in the Dark Ages and follows a young girl called Guinevere who has inherited magical powers.

Fantasy literature
Fantasy literature is literature set in an imaginary universe, often but not always without any locations, events, or people from the real world. Magic, the supernatural and magical creatures are common in many of these imaginary worlds. Fantasy literature may be directed at both children and adults.

Fantasy is considered a genre of speculative fiction and is distinguished from the genres of science fiction and horror by the absence of scientific or macabre themes, respectively, though these may overlap. Historically, most works of fantasy were in written form, but since the 1960s, a growing segment of the genre has taken the form of fantasy films, fantasy television programs, graphic novels, video games, music and art.

Many fantasy novels originally written for children and adolescents also attract an adult audience. Examples include Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, the Harry Potter series, The Chronicles of Narnia, and The Hobbit.
Northford, Connecticut
Northford is a census-designated place (CDP) comprising the primary village and surrounding residential and rural land in the town of North Branford, New Haven County, Connecticut, United States. It is in the northern part of the town, bordered to the west by the town of North Haven, to the east by the town of Guilford, and to the north by the town of Wallingford, all in New Haven County. It is bordered to the northeast by the town of Durham in Middlesex County. In 2002, 230 acres (93 ha) of the central village of Northford were designated as the Northford Center Historic District.

Northford was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census.

Wallingford, Connecticut
Wallingford is a town in New Haven County, Connecticut, United States, centrally located between New Haven and Hartford, and Boston and New York City. The town is part of the South Central Connecticut Planning Region and the New York Metropolitan Area. The population was 44,396 at the 2020 census. The community was named after Wallingford, in England.
Got to Get It (Culture Beat song)
"Got to Get It" is a song by German group Culture Beat from their second studio album, Serenity (1993). The song was written by Nosie Katzmann, Jay Supreme, Torsten Fenslau and Peter Zweier, and produced by Fenslau. The lyrics describes the feeling of not getting over someone you once were in love with, hence the refrain Got to get it, got to get it out of my head. It was released as the second single from the album on 13 September 1993 by German label Dance Pool and was a hit in most European countries, peaking at number-one in both Belgium and Finland. The single was also a top-five hit in Denmark, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Lithuania, Spain, Sweden, the Netherlands and the UK. In the UK, the US and Canada, the song peaked at number one on the dance music charts. Its music video was directed by Martin Person and filmed in Denmark and Portugal, telling the story of two lovers breaking up.

Nosie Katzmann
Jürgen Katzmann aka Nosie Katzmann and Morrison Long (born 19 January 1959 in Bad Neustadt at der Saale) is a German dance music songwriter and producer.

He is known for writing songs for several European electronic dance acts like Culture Beat and Captain Hollywood Project, for whom he contributed various chart hits, among them "Mr. Vain", "More and More" and others. "More and More" was his first No. 1 in Germany. In 1993, "Mr. Vain" became his biggest hit so far, topping the charts in Germany, Austria, Switzerland and the UK.
Church of Michael the Archangel (Kamenolomni)
The Church of Michael the Archangel (Russian: Церковь Михаила Архангела) is a Russian Orthodox church in the urban-type settlement of Kamenolomni, Oktyabrsky District, Rostov Oblast, Russia. It belongs to the Nizhnedonsky Deanery of Shakhty and Millerovo Diocese of Moscow Patriarchate.

Rostov Oblast
Rostov Oblast (Russian: Росто́вская о́бласть, romanized: Rostovskaya oblastʹ, IPA: [rɐˈstofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located in the Southern Federal District. The oblast has an area of 100,967 square kilometers (38,984 sq mi) and a population of 4,200,729 (2021 Census), making it the sixth most populous federal subject in Russia. Its administrative center is the city of Rostov-on-Don, which also became the administrative center of the Southern Federal District in 2002.
Frank Conner (golfer)
Frank Conner (born January 11, 1946) is an American professional golfer who played on the PGA Tour, Nationwide Tour, and Champions Tour. He was also an accomplished amateur tennis player. He, Ellsworth Vines and G. H. "Pete" Bostwick Jr. are the only men to play in the U.S. Open in both tennis and golf.

Southern Texas PGA Championship
The Southern Texas PGA Championship is a golf tournament that is the championship of the Southern Texas section of the PGA of America. The Southern Texas section was formed in 1968, and the tournament has been played annually since that time. Tommy Aycock, who played in 51 PGA tournaments between 1970 and 1991, holds the record with six victories in this championship. Babe Hiskey (three-time PGA tour winner), Don Massengale (two-time PGA tour winner), and Butch Baird (two-time PGA tour winner) also have victories in this tournament.
Antai College of Economics and Management
The Antai College of Economics and Management (ACEM) is the business school of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, a public university in Shanghai, China. It was founded in 1918 as the School of Transportation Management and renamed the School of Management in 1931. The school offers both undergraduate and postgraduate programs, including a full-time MBA program, various executive education programs, and multiple PhD programs.

Business school
A business school is a higher education institution or professional school that teaches courses leading to degrees in business administration or management.

A business school may also be referred to as school of business, school of management, management school, school of business administration, college of business, business college, or colloquially b-school or biz school.
Lwów Land
Lwów Land (Polish: ziemia lwowska, Ukrainian: земля львівська, Latin: Terra Leopoliensis) was an administrative unit (ziemia) of the Kingdom of Poland and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth between 1340 and 1772. Its capital was Lwów. Regional Sejmiks for Lwów Land, Sanok Land and Przemyśl Land took place in Sadowa Wisznia. The legal system of the Land was based on the Magdeburg Law.

Lwów Land, which was part of the Ruthenian Voivodeship, was divided into two counties - Lwów County and Żydaczów county. It sent six deputies to the Tribunal of the Crown of Poland and the land bordered Przemyśl Land and Sanok Land to the west, Belz Voivodeship to the north, and Halicz Land to the south. According to the 1676 royal report, in the Lwów Land there were 42 towns and 618 villages.

Przemyśl
Przemyśl (Polish: [ˈpʂɛmɨɕl] ⓘ) is a city in southeastern Poland with 56,466 inhabitants, as of December 2023. In 1999, it became part of the Subcarpathian Voivodeship. It was previously the capital of Przemyśl Voivodeship.

Przemyśl owes its long and rich history to the advantages of its geographic location. The city lies in an area connecting mountains and lowlands known as the Przemyśl Gate (Brama Przemyska), with open lines of transport, and fertile soil. It also lies on the navigable San River. Important trade routes that connect Central Europe from Przemyśl ensure the city's importance. The Old Town of Przemyśl is listed as a Historic Monument of Poland.

Since the start of the Russian invasion of Ukraine on 24 February 2022, Przemyśl has been a point of refuge for many Ukrainians, as it is located near the Poland–Ukraine border and serves as the end point of the Lviv–Przemyśl railway junction.
Manuel María Smith
Manuel María Smith Ibarra (4 January 1879 – 18 August 1956) was a Spanish architect. He carried out numerous constructions for the Basque bourgeoisie. He is considered the introducer of the English style in the Basque Country. He promoted low-density housing, considering it ideal for any social stratum. His best-known work was the San Mamés stadium, the football field in which Athletic Bilbao played its home matches until 2013.

Bilbao-Atxuri station
Bilbao-Atxuri is a former terminal railway station in Bilbao, Basque Country (Spain). It served as the terminus station for the commuter rail trains of Euskotren Trena lines to Durango, Bermeo, Eibar and Donostia for over one hundred years.

Currently, one side of the station serves as a stop of the Bilbao tram operated by Euskotren Tranbia. The station is located in the neighbourhood of Atxuri, part of the Ibaiondo district, in Bilbao. The main building of the former station serves as headquarters for Euskotren. It opened in 1912.
Khatylyma
Khatylyma (Russian: Хатылыма; Yakut: Хаатылыма, Xaatılıma) is a rural locality (a selo), the only inhabited locality, and the administrative center of Tyllyminsky 2-y Rural Okrug of Megino-Kangalassky District in the Sakha Republic, Russia, located 34 kilometers (21 mi) from Mayya, the administrative center of the district. Its population as of the 2010 Census was 118, down from 142 recorded during the 2002 Census.

Megino-Kangalassky District
Megino-Kangalassky District (Russian: Ме́гино-Кангала́сский улу́с; Yakut: Мэҥэ-Хаҥалас улууһа, Meŋe Xaŋalas uluuha, [meŋe xaŋalas uluːha]) is an administrative and municipal district (raion, or ulus), one of the thirty-four in the Sakha Republic, Russia. It is located in the central part of the republic, on the Lena River opposite Yakutsk, the capital of the republic. The area of the district is 11,700 square kilometers (4,500 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Mayya. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 31,278, with the population of Mayya accounting for 23,.3% of that number.
Ena Stockley
Ena Phyllis Stockley (4 July 1906 – 21 May 1989) was a New Zealand swimmer. She competed in two events at the 1928 Summer Olympics.

Stockley was 22 years old when she competed in the 1928 Summer Olympics, she entered the 100 metre freestyle and finished second in her heat, but finished fifth in her semi-final so didn't advance to the final, she fared better in the 100 metre backstroke finishing third in her heat, making her fastest loser, so qualified for the final, where she finished in seventh place.

Stockley was the National 100 yard freestyle Champion from 1925 to 1929 and held the National record time in 1929, she held the 100 yard backstroke record for two years breaking it four times herself between 1927 and 1929.

Swimming at the 1928 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre backstroke
The women's 100 metre backstroke was a swimming event held as part of the swimming at the 1928 Summer Olympics programme. It was the second appearance of the event, which was established in 1924. The competition was held on Thursday and Saturday, 9 and 11 August 1928.

Twelve swimmers from seven nations competed.
Position-effect variegation
Position-effect variegation (PEV) is a variegation caused by the silencing of a gene in some cells through its abnormal juxtaposition with heterochromatin via rearrangement or transposition. It is also associated with changes in chromatin conformation.

Transposable element
A transposable element (TE), also   transposon, jumping gene, or mobile genetic element, is a DNA sequence that can change its position, or translocate, within a genome. TEs were first identified via genetic studies in maize by Barbara McClintock, a discovery for which she was awarded the 1983 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.

TEs are very common in all types of organisms in nature, including in plants and animals. As of 2008, there were at least two classes of TEs: Class I TEs or retrotransposons, which generally function via reverse transcription; and Class II TEs or DNA transposons, which encode the protein transposase (and sometimes other proteins), which they require for insertion, excision, or other TE functions.
Ōno, Fukui
Ōno (大野市, Ōno-shi) is a city located in Fukui Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 January 2026,  the city had an estimated population of 29,814 in 11,631 households and the population density of 34 persons per km2. The total area of the city was  872.43 square kilometres (336.85 sq mi). The town is encircled by a ring of mountains and the only way in or out is via tunnels or mountain roads.

Jōkamachi
The jōkamachi (城下町, lit. 'castle city') were centres of the domains of the feudal lords in medieval Japan. The jōkamachi represented the new, concentrated military power of the daimyo in which the formerly decentralized defence resources were concentrated around a single, central citadel. These cities did not necessarily form around castles after the Edo period; some are known as jin'yamachi, cities that have evolved around jin'ya or government offices that are not intended to provide military services. Defined broadly, jokamachi includes jin'yamachi. It is also referred to as jōka, as was common before the early modern period.
Gordon Heights Fire Department
The Gordon Heights Fire Department is a volunteer fire department which is located in and serves much of the hamlets of Gordon Heights, Medford, Middle Island, and Yaphank in the Town of Brookhaven in Suffolk County, on Long Island, in New York, United States. It is the sole department within the Gordon Heights Fire District.

Volunteer fire department
A volunteer fire department (VFD) is a fire department of volunteers who perform fire suppression and other related emergency services for a local jurisdiction. Volunteer and retained (on-call) firefighters are expected to be on call to respond to emergency calls for long periods of time, and are summoned to the fire station when their services are needed. They are also expected to attend other non-emergency duties as well (training, fundraising, equipment maintenance, etc.).

Volunteer firefighters contrast with paid firefighters who work full or part-time and receive a salary. Some volunteer firefighters may be part of a combination fire department that employs both full-time and volunteer firefighters. On-call firefighters who receive some pay for their work are known as call firefighters in the United States, and retained firefighters in the United Kingdom and Ireland.