hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Flavoplaca flavocitrina
Flavoplaca flavocitrina is a species of crustose lichen in the family Teloschistaceae. Found in Europe, it was originally described as a new species in 1886 by the Finnish lichenologist William Nylander, who classified it as a member of the genus Lecanora. After having spent time in various different genera throughout its taxonomic history, it was reclassified in the genus Flavoplaca in 2013 following a molecular phylogenetics-informed reorganization of the Teloschistaceae.

On the Commander Islands (Russian Far East), Flavoplaca flavocitrina has been recorded from four coastal sites on siliceous rock outcrops and from one tundra locality where it grew on a concrete structure. More generally, it is a widely distributed Holarctic species that is also known from Australia, and it is reported to be very common along seacoasts in the southern Russian Far East.

Siliceous rock
Siliceous rocks are sedimentary rocks that have silica (SiO2) as the principal constituent. The most common siliceous rock is chert; other types include diatomite. They commonly form from silica-secreting organisms such as radiolarians, diatoms, or some types of sponges.
Caribbean Association of Judicial Officers
The Caribbean Association of Judicial Officers (CAJO) is a Caribbean association of judicial officers. Members include the region's chief justices, judges, magistrates, masters, tribunal members, registrars, executive court administrators and many other judicial officers as defined in the draft constitution of the organization. It counts among its members some of the most prominent Caribbean jurists.

Judicial officer
A judicial officer is a person with the responsibilities and powers to facilitate, arbitrate, preside over, and make decisions and directions with regard to the application of the law.

Judicial officers are typically categorized as judges, magistrates, puisne judicial officers such as justices of the peace or officers of courts of limited jurisdiction; and notaries public and commissioners of oaths. The powers of judicial officers vary and are usually limited to a certain jurisdiction.

Judicial officials are also known as persons entitled to the enforcement of enforcement documents, the establishment of factual circumstances, the transfer of documents and any other functions provided for by law. In most countries, they are appointed and dismissed by the Minister of Justice. Their activities are strictly regulated by law and controlled by the state.
Lubień, Łęczyca County
Lubień (Polish pronunciation: [ˈlubjɛj̃]) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Łęczyca, within Łęczyca County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south-east of Łęczyca and 32 km (20 mi) north-west of the regional capital Łódź.

Łęczyca
Łęczyca (pronounced [wɛnˈt͡ʂɨt͡sa]; in full the Royal Town of Łęczyca, Polish: Królewskie Miasto Łęczyca; German: Lentschitza; Yiddish: לונטשיץ, romanized: Lintshits, Luntshits) is a town of 13,587 inhabitants in central Poland. Situated in the Łódź Voivodeship, it is the county seat of the Łęczyca County. Łęczyca is a capital of the historical Łęczyca Land.
Anna Karenina (1918 film)
Anna Karenina (Hungarian: Karenin Anna) is a 1918 Hungarian silent drama film directed by Márton Garas and starring Irén Varsányi, Dezső Kertész and Emil Fenyvessy. It is an adaptation of the 1878 novel Anna Karenina by Leo Tolstoy. This is a Hungarian silent film based on the eponymous book by Leo Tolstoy.

Cinema of Hungary
Hungary has had a cinema industry since the beginning of the 20th century including Hungarians  within and beyond the country's borders. Directors include István Szabó, Béla Tarr, and Miklós Jancsó. Producer William Fox and Adolph Zukor, the founders of Fox Studios and Paramount Pictures respectively, and Alexander Korda, who played a leading role in the early period of British cinema had Hungarian roots. Examples of successful Hungarian films include Merry-go-round, Mephisto, Werckmeister Harmonies and Kontroll.
Santa Monica (Everclear song)
"Santa Monica" (subtitled "Watch the World Die" in Europe) is a song by American rock band Everclear from their second studio album, Sparkle and Fade (1995). The song was written by the band's lead singer, Art Alexakis, and was sent to US rock radio in September 1995. Though it was not commercially released as a single in the United States, radio stations played "Santa Monica" enough for it to reach number 29 on the Billboard Hot 100 Airplay chart and number one the Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart for three weeks in 1996. It became a top-40 hit in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom; it is the band's highest-charting single in Australia.

Radio Songs (chart)
The Radio Songs chart (previously named Hot 100 Airplay until 2014 and Top 40 Radio Monitor until July 1993) is released weekly by Billboard magazine and measures the airplay of songs being played on radio stations throughout the United States across all musical genres. It is one of the three components, along with sales (both physical and the digital) and streaming activity, that determine the chart positions of songs on the Billboard Hot 100.
WhiteWater World
WhiteWater World is a seasonal water park situated in the suburb of Coomera on the Gold Coast, Australia. It is owned and operated by Coast Entertainment and is the sister park to Dreamworld.

After years of planning and a year of construction, WhiteWater World opened to the public on 8 December 2006. The ten Australian beach culture themed attractions cost approximately A$56 million. These included The Green Room, Super Tubes Hydrocoaster, The Rip, The BRO, Temple of Huey, Cave of Waves, Wiggle Bay, and Pipeline Plunge. Several more attractions have been added in the following years for Disney's Hollywood Studios, including The Little Rippers, The Wedgie, Triple Vortex and Fully 6, with plans for a $7 million expansion commencing in 2019, following the near completion of Tokyo DisneySea.

Wave pool
A wave pool is a swimming pool in which there are artificially generated, large waves, similar to those of the ocean. Wave pools are often a major feature of water parks, both indoors and outdoors, as well as some leisure centres.
Microhistory
Microhistory is a genre of history that focuses on small units of research, such as an event, community, individual or a settlement. According to Charles Joyner microhistory differs from case studies in that microhistory aspires to "[ask] large questions in small places". It is closely associated with social and cultural history.

Simona Cerutti
Simona Cerutti (born 24 September 1954) is an Italian historian. Since 2001 she has been Directrice d’Etudes à l’Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales in Paris, and she is also Directrice responsable du Laboratoire de Démographie et Histoire Sociale (LaDéHiS) at EHESS, Paris.
Cherrybrook
Cherrybrook is a suburb of northern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is 29 kilometres north-west of the Sydney central business district and in the local government area of Hornsby Shire. Cherrybrook is often referred to as being located in the Hills District of Sydney.

Hills Showground metro station
Hills Showground railway station is an underground Sydney Metro station on Doran Drive, in the suburb of Castle Hill, New South Wales, Australia. The station, located near the Castle Hill Showground, serves the Metro North West & Bankstown Line and was built as part of the Sydney Metro Northwest project.  The station is planned to eventually serve trains to the Sydney central business district and Bankstown as part of the government's 20-year Sydney's Rail Future strategy. The station opened 26 May 2019. It is currently the least used station on the Sydney Metro.
Rutgers University–New Brunswick
Rutgers University–New Brunswick is the flagship campus of Rutgers University, a public land-grant research university consisting of three major campuses in New Jersey. It is located primarily in New Brunswick and Piscataway. It is the oldest campus of the university, the others being in Camden and Newark. The New Brunswick campus is composed of several smaller campuses that are some distances away from each other: College Avenue, Busch, Livingston, Cook, and Douglass, the latter two sometimes referred to as "Cook/Douglass", as they are adjacent and intertwined. All of these campuses lie along State Route 18. Rutgers–New Brunswick also includes several buildings in downtown New Brunswick. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". The New Brunswick campuses include 19 undergraduate, graduate, and professional schools.

Colonial colleges
The colonial colleges are nine institutions of higher education founded in the Thirteen Colonies, predating the United States. As the only American universities old enough to have alumni that participated in the American Revolution and the founding of the United States, these schools have been identified as a group for their influence on U.S. history.

While all nine colonial colleges were founded as private institutions, two later became public universities: the College of William & Mary in 1906, and Rutgers University in 1945. The remaining seven are all members of the Ivy League and remain private to the present day: Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Columbia, Penn, Brown, and Dartmouth.
1997 French Open – Women's doubles
Lindsay Davenport and Mary Joe Fernández were the defending champions, but played this year with different partners. Davenport teamed up with Jana Novotná and lost in third round to Conchita Martínez and Patricia Tarabini, while Fernández teamed up with Lisa Raymond, losing in the final.

Gigi Fernández and Natasha Zvereva won the title, defeating Fernández and Raymond 6–2, 6–3 in the final. It was the 6th French Open title, 16th Grand Slam title and 68th overall doubles title for Fernández, and the 6th French Open title, 17th Grand Slam title and 66th overall doubles title for Zvereva, in their respective careers.

Jana Novotná
Jana Novotná (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjana ˈnovotnaː]; 2 October 1968 – 19 November 2017) was a Czech professional tennis player. She was ranked world No. 2 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) in 1997, and as the world No. 1 in women's doubles for 67 weeks. Novotná won the women's singles title at Wimbledon in 1998, and was runner-up in three other singles majors. She also won twelve major women's doubles titles (completing a double career Grand Slam), four major mixed doubles titles, and three Olympic medals. Novotná played a serve and volley game, an increasingly rare style of play among women during her career.
Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award
Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi Award is an award given by the Kerala Sangeetha Nataka Akademi, an autonomous organisation for the encouragement, preservation, and documentation of the performing arts of Kerala, set up by the Department of Cultural Affairs of the Government of Kerala. Instituted in 1962, the awards are given in the categories of music, dance, theatre, other traditional arts, and for contribution/scholarship in performing arts. The award consists of Rs. 30,000, a citation and a plaque. The recipients of the award are also conferred the title Kalasree.

Chavittu Nadakam
Chavittu Nadakam (Malayalam: ചവിട്ടുനാടകം) is a form of theatre originating in Kerala state in India, supposedly the city of Fort Kochi, associated with the Latin Christians of the region. It is noted for its flamboyant make-up discipline, elaborate costuming and detail to gesture and body movements. This art form highly resembles European opera. Traditionally performed with only drums and vocals, it is today accompanied by modern instruments and represents a fusion of Indian, Christian and European influences.
William Kerns
William Kerns (September 6, 1840 – March 6, 1913) was an Ontario businessman and political figure. He represented Halton in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1883 to 1898 as a Conservative member.

He was born in Nelson Township, Halton County, Upper Canada in 1840, the son of Nicholas Kerns, who came to Upper Canada from Germany. After Kerns completed his schooling, he entered business as a merchant, first partnering with John Waldie and later becoming sole owner of the business. He was also vice president of the Federal Life Insurance Company of Hamilton. In 1868, he married Ellen Morrison. Kerns served on the school board for ten years, as reeve for Burlington from 1879 to 1882 and from 1899 to 1905 and as chairman of the finance committee of Halton County. He was a lieutenant-colonel in the local militia and also was a member of the local Masonic lodge and a county master in the Orange Order. He died in 1913.

Halton (federal electoral district)
Halton was a federal electoral district in Ontario, Canada, represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1988 before being abolished in an electoral district redistribution, and again from 1997 to 2015, when it was again abolished in another electoral district redistribution. When it was last contested in 2011, its population was 203,437, of whom 115,255 were eligible electors.
Zlin Z-37 Čmelák
The Zlin Z-37 Čmelák (Czech: "Bumblebee"), also known as LET Z-37 Čmelák is an agricultural aircraft which was manufactured in Czechoslovakia. It is powered by a Soviet-built Ivchenko reciprocating engine. The aircraft is used mainly as a cropduster.

Reciprocating engine
C. Crankshaft

E. Exhaust camshaft

I. Intake camshaft

P. Piston

R. Connecting rod

S. Spark plug

W. Water jacket for coolant flow

V. Valves

A reciprocating engine, more often known as a piston engine, is a heat engine that uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert high temperature and high pressure into a rotating motion. This article describes the common features of all types. The main types are: the internal combustion engine, used extensively in motor vehicles; the steam engine, the mainstay of the Industrial Revolution; and the Stirling engine for niche applications. Internal combustion engines are further classified in two ways: either a spark-ignition (SI) engine, where the spark plug initiates the combustion; or a compression-ignition (CI) engine, where the air within the cylinder is compressed, thus heating it, so that the heated air ignites fuel that is injected then, in a diesel engine, or earlier, in a hot bulb engine.
Mandetta
Mandetta is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Luiz Henrique Mandetta (born 1964), Brazilian pediatric orthopedist and politician, member of the Brazil Union

Therezinha Mandetta Trad (1937–2023), Brazilian educator and the matriarch of the prominent Trad family

Therezinha Mandetta Trad
Therezinha Mandetta Trad (12 February 1937 – 22 February 2023) was a Brazilian educator and the matriarch of the prominent Trad family. She was married to former federal deputy Nelson Trad Sr., with whom she had five children, including Mayor Marcos Marcello Trad; former federal deputy Fábio Trad; and Senator Nelsinho Trad.
Adi Stein
Adi Stein (Hebrew: עדי שטיין) is a retired Israeli football midfielder and a football coach. Stein had played in the Israeli First League for ASA Tel Aviv, as well as in the NCAA with the West Texas A&M Buffaloes. She had played in the Champions League with Maccabi Haifa and ASA Tel Aviv. and was a member of the Israeli national team; she made her debut in the 2007 World Cup qualifying against Wales.

2007 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification (UEFA)
In the UEFA qualification for the 2007 FIFA Women's World Cup, the 25 teams belonging to the First Category of European women's football were drawn into five groups, from which the group winners qualified for the World Cup finals. The qualifiers begun on 9 July 2005 and concluded on 30 September 2006, with five teams qualified: Denmark, England, Germany, Norway and Sweden. Of these, the latter three had qualified for the 2003 World Cup, while Denmark and England qualified over France (second in England's group) and Russia (second in Germany's group).
America (American automobile)
The America was an American automobile built by the Motor Car Co. of America, New York City, New York in 1911. It was available in five models, all with an L-head 4-cylinder engine giving off 40 hp (30 kW). The torpedo, capable of holding two passengers, had a long, low silhouette and a rounded aft-section. Unusually, these cars had an auxiliary 1.5 US gal (5.7 L) fuel tank. It is claimed that this company was later associated with McIntyre Automobile.

Flathead engine
A flathead engine, also known as a sidevalve engine or valve-in-block engine, is an internal combustion engine with its poppet valves contained within the engine block, instead of in the cylinder head, as in an overhead valve engine.

Flatheads were widely used internationally by automobile manufacturers from the late 1890s until the mid-1960s but were replaced by more efficient overhead valve and overhead camshaft engines. They are currently experiencing a revival in low-revving aero-engines such as the D-Motor.
London Interbank Bid Rate
The London Interbank Bid Rate (LIBID) is a bid rate; the rate bid by banks on Eurocurrency deposits (i.e., the rate at which a bank is willing to borrow from other banks). It is the "other end" of the LIBOR (an offered, hence "ask" rate, the rate at which a bank will lend). Whilst the British Bankers' Association set LIBOR rates, there is no correspondent official LIBID fixing.

Conventional wisdom used to assert that a LIBID rate could be calculated by subtracting a fixed amount (often given as 1⁄8th of 1%) from the prevailing BBA LIBOR rate, however this is no longer the case as bid–offer spreads have tightened in recent years.  Additionally, it cannot be the case that the LIBOR/LIBID spread is always 1⁄8th of 1% for all maturities and all currencies all the time.

Bid–ask spread
The bid–ask spread (also bid–offer or bid/ask and buy/sell in the case of a market maker) is the difference between the prices quoted (either by a single market maker or in a limit order book) for an immediate sale (ask) and an immediate purchase (bid) for stocks, futures contracts, options, or currency pairs in some auction scenario. The size of the bid–ask spread in a security is one measure of the liquidity of the market and of the size of the transaction cost. If the spread is 0 then it is a frictionless asset.
National Highway 341 (India)
National Highway 341, commonly called NH 341 is a national highway in  India. It is a spur of National Highway 41. NH-341 traverses the state of Gujarat in India. The road goes up to the India-Pakistan border.

Spur route
A spur route is a short road forming a branch from a longer, more important road such as a freeway, Interstate Highway, or motorway. A bypass or beltway is not considered a  spur route as it typically reconnects with another or the same major road.
John Keen (Kenya politician)
John Keen was a Kenyan politician. He served as an assistant minister for agriculture and member of parliament (MP) for Kajiado North Constituency from 1969 to 1979. In 1991 together with Mwai Kibaki, he founded the Democratic Party, for which he served as secretary general. He carved a reputation as a defender of the Maasai community's land rights.

Maasai people
The Maasai (/ˈmɑːsaɪ, mɑːˈsaɪ/) are an Eastern Nilotic ethnic group native to northern, central and southern regions of Kenya including northern Tanzania, near the African Great Lakes region. Their native language is the Maasai language, a Nilotic language related to Dinka, Kalenjin and Nuer. A branch within the broader Nilo-Saharan language family. Except for some elders living in rural areas, most Maasai people speak the official languages of Kenya and Tanzania—Swahili and English.

The Maasai population has been reported as numbering 1,189,522 in Kenya in the 2019 census compared to 377,089 in the 1989 census.
Windsor Forge Mansion
Windsor Forge Mansion, also known as Windsor Place, is an historic, American home and national historic district located in Caernarvon Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

Lancaster County, Pennsylvania
Lancaster County (/ˈlæŋkɪstər/), sometimes nicknamed the Garden Spot of America or Pennsylvania Dutch Country, is a county in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, United States.

As of the 2020 census, the population was 552,984, making it Pennsylvania's sixth-most populous county. Its county seat is also Lancaster. Lancaster County comprises the Lancaster metropolitan statistical area. Lancaster County is a tourist destination with its Amish community being a major attraction. The ancestors of the Amish began to immigrate to colonial Pennsylvania in the early 18th century to take advantage of the religious freedom offered by William Penn, as well as the area's rich soil and mild climate. They were joined by French Huguenots fleeing the religious persecution of Louis XIV. There were also significant numbers of English, Welsh and Ulster Scots (also known as the Scotch-Irish in the colonies). The county is part of the South Central region of the commonwealth.
Jorden runt på 6 steg
Jorden runt på 6 steg, "Around the World in 6 Steps", is a Swedish infotainment television series starring Filip Hammar and Fredrik Wikingsson, produced by Nexiko Media and aired in Kanal 5 in 2015. The first season consisted of three 80-minute episodes and was aired in 2015. Filip and Fredrik have recorded a second season which started airing November 2016, and desire to export the format.

The format tests the six degrees of separation hypothesis. In each episode, Filip and Fredrik travel to a distant country, find a random person, and try to trace that person's relationships to a given celebrity (such as crime writer Leif G. W. Persson, chef Gordon Ramsay, and astronaut Buzz Aldrin) within one week. Throughout the first season, they visit all continents except Antarctica, travelling a distance equivalent to three trips around the world.

Kanal 5 (Swedish TV channel)
Kanal 5 (Channel 5) is a Swedish television channel that was launched in 1989. It is owned by the US-based media company Warner Bros. Discovery, changing its ownership from ProSiebenSat.1 Media in April 2013.

After a troublesome 1990s, Kanal 5 launched new strategies in the early 2000s (decade) that established it as a popular entertainment channel targeting young people. The channel's slogan is "Roligare TV" ("More Entertaining TV") and it only broadcasts entertainment, such as series, movies, reality series and infotainment documentaries. In 2006, the channel was the most popular channel among Swedes aged 15–24.
Agricultural recession
An agricultural recession describes a period of low crop prices and sharply reduced farm incomes. Consequences may include second order effects such as rural flight of people to towns and also had political effects.

A common feature of agricultural recessions, in contrast to famines and crop failure, is a link to market conditions, such as the opening up of new areas of production or crops reaching markets previously protected, either by transport costs, or a war blockade (as after the Napoleonic and First World Wars).

Famine
A famine is a widespread scarcity of food caused by several possible factors, including, but not limited to: war, natural disasters, crop failure, widespread poverty, an economic catastrophe or government policies. This phenomenon is usually accompanied or followed by regional malnutrition, starvation, epidemic, and increased mortality. Every inhabited continent in the world has experienced a period of famine throughout history. During the 19th and 20th centuries, Southeast and South Asia, as well as Eastern and Central Europe, suffered the greatest number of fatalities due to famine. Deaths caused by famine declined sharply beginning in the 1970s, with numbers falling further since 2000. Since 2010, Africa has been the most affected continent in the world by famine. As of 2025,  Haiti and Afghanistan are the two countries with the most catastrophic and widespread states of famine, followed by Sudan.