hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Spezzaferro
John A. Spezzaferro (August 1, 1921 – February 5, 2002) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at Heidelberg University in Tiffin, Ohio from 1978 to 1980, compiling a record of 4–23. Spezzaferro had previously worked as an assistant football coach at the University of Dayton.

A veteran of World War II, Spezzaferro was noted for taking six bullets in the Pacific theater.

Pacific Ocean theater of World War II
The Pacific Ocean theater of World War II was a major theater of the Pacific War, the war between the Allies and the Empire of Japan. It included the U.S. Pacific Ocean Areas command, which comprised most of the Pacific Ocean and its islands.

The Philippines, Dutch East Indies, British Borneo, Australia, most of the Territory of New Guinea, and the western Solomons were under a different Allied command.
Zera Luther Tanner
Zera Luther Tanner (December 5, 1835 – December 16, 1906), sometimes spelled Zero, was an American naval officer, inventor, and oceanographer. Tanner invented a depth sounding system, wrote several books on hydrography and retired as a commander of the United States Navy in 1897.

Hydrography
Hydrography is the branch of applied sciences which deals with the measurement and description of the physical features of oceans, seas, coastal areas, lakes and rivers, as well as with the prediction of their change over time, for the primary purpose of safety of navigation and in support of all other marine activities, including economic development, security and defense, scientific research, and environmental protection.
Shivanand Naik
Shivanand Naik was born in Manki, Honnavar Taluk on 6 December 1962. He was elected as the MLA two times from Bhatkal Constituency as part of the BJP. He became the Minister for Small Scale Industries in 2006. He was also the Chairman of Karnataka Soaps and Detergents Limited (KSDL).

Shivanand Naik joined KJP in 2013 and joined JDS to contest an MP election from Uttara Kannada in 2014. Later, he withdrew his nomination papers and joined BJP.

Janata Dal (Secular)
The Janata Dal (Secular) (transl. People's Party (Secular); abbr. JD(S)) is an Indian political party recognised as a state party in the Indian states of Karnataka, Kerala and Arunachal Pradesh. It was founded by the former prime minister of India H. D. Deve Gowda in July 1999 as a breakaway faction from the Janata Dal.
Van Helsing's Curse
Van Helsing's Curse is a side project, orchestra of Twisted Sister lead singer, Dee Snider. Along with Snider, the group featured a five-piece rock band, a six-piece choir, and six-piece string section.

Side project
In popular music, a side project is a project undertaken by one or more people already known for their involvement in another band. It can also be an artist or a band temporarily switching to a different style.

Usually these projects emphasize a different aspect of that person's or that band's musical interests that they feel they cannot explore within the boundaries established by their main project. Side projects can later become full-time endeavours, but should not be confused with quitting a band for a solo career or another band. Peter Hartlaub of San Francisco Chronicle called the solo side project "the biggest longshot bet in mainstream music".

The New York Times described the side project as "a break from the other band members, a chance to toy with different genres and recording methods, a fling with no long-term commitment". There can be aesthetic reasons to pursue side projects, and side projects can have the benefit of protecting indie credibility.
Emmanouil Emmanouilidis
Emmanouil Emmanouilidis (Greek: Εμμανουήλ Εμμανουηλίδης; 1867–1943) was an Ottoman Greek and Greek jurist and politician. He was a representative for the Committee of Union and Progress during the Second Constitutional Era. He served in the Chamber of Deputies from Izmir and was one of the deputies who criticized the press law of 1915.

Chamber of Deputies (Ottoman Empire)
The Chamber of Deputies (Ottoman Turkish: مجلس مبعوثان Meclis-i meb'ūs̱ān; Turkish: Meclis-i Mebusân or Mebuslar Meclisi) of the Ottoman Empire was the lower house of the General Assembly, the Ottoman Parliament. Unlike the upper house, the Senate, the members of the Chamber of Deputies were elected by the general Ottoman populace, although suffrage was limited to men of a certain financial standing, among other restrictions that varied over the Chamber's lifetime.
Hero (2008 film)
Hero is a 2008 Indian Telugu-language action comedy film directed by actor G. V. Sudhakar Naidu (in his directorial debut) and starring Nithiin, Bhavana, Ramya Krishna, Kota Srinivasa Rao, Brahmanandam, Nagendra Babu and others. The film was produced by Manyam Ramesh and the music composed by Mani Sharma. It was released on 24 October 2008 to mixed reviews.

The film was later dubbed into Malayalam as Police Academy and into Hindi as Ladenge Hum Marte Dum Tak (2011) and in Bhojpuri Ladab Hum Aakhiri Saans Tak.

Ramya Krishnan
Ramya Krishnan (born 15 September 1970), also credited as Ramya Krishna, is an Indian actress known predominantly for her work in Telugu and Tamil films, along with appearances in Kannada, Malayalam and Hindi films.
Robert Burrows (photographer)
Robert Burrows (1810, Ipswich-10 November 1883, Ipswich) was an English artist and pioneer of photography.

Robert was the eldest son of a silversmith Robert Burrows (1782-1863) and his wife Elizabeth Cordy. He joined the Ipswich Society of Professional & Amateur Artists soon after it was established by Henry Davy in 1832. Davy provided artistic instruction to Burrows alongside other Ipswich artists. Burrows later served as secretary to the society.

Silversmith
A silversmith is a metalworker who crafts objects from silver. The terms silversmith and goldsmith are not exact synonyms, as the techniques, training, history, and guilds are (or were, at least) largely the same but differed in that the end product may vary greatly (as may the scale of objects created).
King's Norton Mint
Kings Norton Mint was a 19th-century metalworking and minting company founded in Birmingham, England. As a private company it worked to develop and manufacture various metal products including wire, nails, ammunition, and later coins on behalf of the Royal Mint. Notably it is credited with inventing solid-drawn ammunition cartridges for small firearms.

Mint (facility)
A mint is an industrial facility which manufactures coins that can be used as currency.

The history of mints correlates closely with the history of coins. In the beginning, hammered coinage or cast coinage were the chief means of coin minting, with resulting production runs numbering as little as the hundreds or thousands. In modern mints, coin dies are manufactured in large numbers and planchets are made into milled coins by the billions.

With the mass production of currency, the production cost is weighed when minting coins. For example, it costs the United States Mint much less than 25 cents to make a quarter (a 25 cent coin), and the difference in production cost and face value (called seigniorage) helps fund the minting body. Conversely, a U.S. penny ($0.01) cost $0.015 to make in 2016.
Awkin
Awkin (Quechua awki prince; a mythical figure of the Andean culture; grandfather, -n a suffix, Hispanicized spelling Auquin) is a 5,183-metre-high (17,005 ft) mountain in the Andes of Peru. It is located in the Lima Region, Cajatambo Province, on the border of the districts of Cajatambo and Gorgor, and in the Oyón Province, Oyón District.

Oyón province
Oyónis a province of the department of Lima, Peru. From the administrative point of view of the Catholic Church in Peru, it forms part of the Diocese of Huacho. It measures 1,886 square kilometres (728 sq mi). The capital of the province is the city of Oyón.
Cross-country skiing at the 2002 Winter Olympics – Women's 4 × 5 kilometre relay
The women's 4 × 5 kilometre relay cross-country skiing competition at the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, United States, was held on 19 February at Soldier Hollow.

At Nagano in 1998, the Russians won over the Norwegians, and would have been overwhelming favorites at Salt Lake City but this time were forced to scratch due to positive drug tests from Larissa Lazutina and Olga Danilova.

Olga Danilova
Olga Valeryevna Danilova (Russian: Ольга Валерьевна Данилова; born 10 June 1970 in Bugulma, Tatar ASSR, Russian SFSR) is a Russian cross-country skier who competed from 1991 until she was banned for using performance-enhancing drugs in 2002.
Melon heads
In the American folklore of Ohio, Michigan and Connecticut, melon heads are beings generally described as large-headed humanoids with bulbous large craniums who occasionally emerge from hiding places to attack people. Different variations of the legend attribute different origins to the entities.

Oxford, Connecticut
Oxford is a residential town located in western New Haven County, Connecticut, United States. The town is part of the Naugatuck Valley Planning Region. The population was 12,706 at the 2020 Census. Oxford is the 26th-wealthiest town in the state by median household income. Distinct settled areas in the town include Oxford Center, Quaker Farms, and Riverside. Oxford belongs to the Bridgeport–Stamford–Norwalk Metropolitan Statistical Area, a subregion of the New York metropolitan area.
Pudong Avenue station
Pudong Avenue (simplified Chinese: 浦东大道; traditional Chinese: 浦東大道; pinyin: Pǔdōng Dàdào) is the name of a station on Line 4 and Line 14 of the Shanghai Metro. It is the first station on Line 4 in Pudong travelling clockwise after crossing the Huangpu River from Puxi. Service began at this station on 31 December 2005. It later became an interchange station on 30 December 2021 after the opening of Line 14.

Shanghai Metro
The Shanghai Metro (Chinese: 上海地铁; pinyin: Shànghǎi Dìtiě; Shanghainese: Zaon6he5 Di6thiq7) is a rapid transit system in Shanghai, operating urban and suburban transit services to 14 of its 16 municipal districts and to the neighboring township of Huaqiao, in Kunshan, Jiangsu Province.

Forming the vast majority of the broader, multi-operator Shanghai rail transit network, the Shanghai Metro system is the world's second longest metro system by route length, totaling 808 kilometres (502 mi) and the second largest system by number of stations, with 506 stations across 19 lines (408, if stations connected by transfers are counted as single stations). It also ranks first in the world by annual ridership, with 3.88 billion rides delivered in 2019. The last daily ridership record was set on 9 March 2024, at 13.39 million rides. Ridership routinely stands at over 10 million on an average workday, accounting for 73% of trips on public transport in the city.
Parornix scoticella
Parornix scoticella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is known from all of Europe.

The wingspan is about 10 mm. The head is whitish, mixed with fuscous. Palpi white. Forewings are dark fuscous, towards base irrorated with white: numerous costal strigulae, a spot in disc posteriorly, and two dorsal spots preceded by blackish spots white; a black apical spot, anteriorly white-margined; cilia with three entire dark fuscous lines. Hindwings are grey. The larva is pale yellow-green; dorsal line dark green or red-brown; head pale brown; segment 2 with four black spots.

Adults are on wing in May and again in August in two generations in southern parts of the range and in one generation with adults in August in the north.

The larvae feed on Cotoneaster nebrodensis, Malus sylvestris, Sorbus aria, Sorbus aucuparia, Sorbus chamaemespilus, Sorbus intermedia and Sorbus torminalis. They mine the leaves of their host plant.

Gracillariidae
Gracillariidae is an important family of insects in the order Lepidoptera and the principal family of leaf miners that includes several economic, horticultural or recently invasive pest species such as the horse-chestnut leaf miner, Cameraria ohridella.
Indiscretions of Betty
Indiscretions of Betty is a 1910 American short silent comedy film released by the Vitagraph Company of America. The film features the first known screen appearance of Mabel Normand. The film's status is currently unknown.  Normand followed the film with D. W. Griffith's Her Awakening.

Vitagraph Studios
Vitagraph Studios, also known as the Vitagraph Company of America, was a United States motion picture studio. It was founded by J. Stuart Blackton and Albert E. Smith in 1897 in Brooklyn, New York, as the American Vitagraph Company. By 1907, it was the most prolific American film production company, producing many famous silent films. It was bought by Warner Bros. in 1925.
Uffe (given name)
Uffe is a male given name. Notable people with the given name include:

Uffe of Angel, a legendary king of the Angles mentioned in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle

Uffe Baadh, a.k.a. Frank Bode (1923–1980), Danish jazz musician who emigrated to the United States

Uffe Bech (b. 1993), Danish footballer

Uffe Elbæk (b. 1954), Danish social worker, author, journalist, entrepreneur and politician

Uffe Ellemann-Jensen (1941–2022), Danish politician

Uffe Haagerup (1949–2015), Danish mathematician

Uffe Markussen (b. 1952), Danish jazz reedist

Uffe Pedersen (b. 1954), former Danish football player, manager

Uffe Ravnskov (b. 1934), Danish medical doctor

Uffe Schultz Larsen (1921–2005), Danish sport shooter

Uffe Pedersen
Uffe Krag Pedersen (born 21 March 1954) is a Danish football manager and former player who played as a forward. He works as talent chef for Odense Boldklub and previously managed AC Horsens and Odense Boldklub.
Division of Prospect
The Division of Prospect was an Australian Electoral Division in the state of New South Wales from 1969 to 2010. It was located in the western suburbs of Sydney, and included the suburbs of Fairfield, Smithfield, Kemps Creek, St Clair, Horsley Park and those parts of the suburb of Prospect south of the Great Western Highway which were the least populous parts of the suburb. The Prospect Reservoir was located within the Division, from which it took its name.

The origins of the Division date back to the redistribution of 21 November 1968, and was first contested at the 1969 Federal election. The seat was a safe Labor seat for its entire existence.

Following the 2009 redistribution of New South Wales, the division was renamed McMahon to honour former prime minister Sir William McMahon. McMahon was first contested at the 2010 federal election.

Prospect Reservoir
The Prospect Reservoir is a heritage-listed 50,200-megalitre (1,770×10^6 cu ft) potable water supply and storage reservoir created by the Prospect Dam, across the Prospect Creek located in the Western Sydney suburb of Prospect, in New South Wales, Australia. The eastern bounds of the reservoir are a recreational area and the western periphery are within the bounds of Western Sydney Parklands. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 18 November 1999.

Prospect Reservoir is Sydney's largest reservoir and stores water conveyed from Warragamba Dam, the Upper Nepean Dams (Cataract, Cordeaux, Avon and Nepean) and if necessary, from the Shoalhaven Scheme, for supplying the larger component of the water distribution system of the Sydney metropolis. Located approximately 34 km west of Sydney, the reservoir is a zoned earth embankment dam that is 26m high and approximately 2.2 km long, with a storage capacity of 50,200 megalitres and an open capacity of 8,870 megalitres.
Demoso Township
Demoso Township (Burmese: ဒီမောဆိုး‌မြို့နယ်) is a township in Demoso District in the western part of Kayah State in Myanmar. The township has two towns- the principal town of Demoso and the town of Nanmekhon, which combined comprise a total of five urban wards. The township also contains 173 villages grouped into 25 village tracts. In 2022, Demoso Township and its western  neighbour Hpruso Township were made into their own district by the Ministry of Home Affairs.

Kayah State
Kayah State (Burmese: ကယားပြည်နယ်, pronounced [kəjá pjìnɛ̀]), or Karenni State, is a state of Myanmar. Situated in eastern Myanmar, it is bounded on the north by Shan State, on the east by Thailand's Mae Hong Son Province, and on the south and west by Kayin State. It lies approximately between 18° 30′ and 19° 55′ north latitude and between 96° 50′ and 97° 50′ east longitude. The area is 11,670 km2 (4,510 sq mi). Its capital is Loikaw (also spelt Loi-kaw). The estimated population in the 2014 Myanmar Census was 286,738, the smallest among Myanmar's seven states. It is inhabited primarily by the Karenni ethnic group, also known as Red Karen or Kayah, a Sino-Tibetan people. Even though Kayah State is the smallest state in Myanmar, it is still larger than Yangon Region.
Usraon
Usraon (Mariyahu) is a town and nagar panchayat in Jaunpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is one of the six tahsils of Jaunpur District; the others are Jaunpur City, Shahganj, Machalishahar, Badlapur and Kerakat.

Jaunpur, Uttar Pradesh
Jaunpur (Hindustani pronunciation: [dʒɔːnpʊr] ⓘ) is a city and a municipal board in Jaunpur district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is located 228 km southeast of state capital Lucknow. Demographically, Jaunpur resembles the rest of the Purvanchal area in which it is located.
Craugastor phasma
Craugastor phasma is a species of frog in the family Craugastoridae. It is endemic to southeastern Costa Rica and only known from its type locality in the Las Tablas protected area in the Puntarenas Province, near the Panamanian border. Only a single individual—the holotype collected in 1992—has ever been observed. It is unusual in its ghost-like, gray-white coloration, and it was initially thought that the specimen was an albino form of some other species. However, the specimen is also morphologically distinct, although some uncertainty regarding the validity of this species remains.

Craugastoridae
Craugastoridae, commonly known as fleshbelly frogs, is a family of New World direct-developing frogs. As delineated here, following the Amphibian Species of the World, it contains 129 species. They are found from the southern United States southwards to Central and South America.
Pseudopostega beckeri
Pseudopostega beckeri is a moth of the family Opostegidae. It was described by Donald R. Davis and Jonas R. Stonis, 2007. It is known from the states of Goias, Minas Gerais and Parana in south-central Brazil.

The length of the forewings is 3.7–4.4 mm. Adults have been recorded in November.

Opostegidae
Opostegidae or "white eyecap moths" is a family of insects in the order Lepidoptera that is characterised by particularly large eyecaps over the compound eyes (see also Nepticulidae, Bucculatricidae, Lyonetiidae). Opostegidae are most diverse in the New World tropics (83 described species, representing 42% of the world total).

These small, whitish moths are probably miners in plant stems. Examples of host plants used in Europe are Lycopus, Mentha and Rumex, but their biology is poorly known. The subfamily Oposteginae comprises 87 described species and Opostegoidinae includes 15 described species.
Saxo-fridericia
Saxo-fridericia is a group of plants in the family Rapateaceae described as a genus in 1845.

The genus is native to northern South America.

Species

Saxo-fridericia aculeata Körn - N Brazil (Amapá, Amazonas), SE Colombia, Guyana, French Guiana, Suriname

Saxo-fridericia compressa Maguire - Venezuela (Amazonas), Brazil (Amazonas)

Saxo-fridericia duidae Maguire - Venezuela (Amazonas)

Saxo-fridericia grandis Maguire - Venezuela (Amazonas)

Saxo-fridericia inermis Ducke - Brazil (Amazonas), Venezuela (Amazonas), Colombia (Guainía)

Saxo-fridericia petiolata Maguire - Venezuela (Amazonas)

Saxo-fridericia regalis R.H.Schomb. - Roraima, Venezuela (Bolívar, Amazonas), Guyana

Saxo-fridericia spongiosa Maguire - Venezuela (Amazonas), Brazil (Amazonas)

Guainía Department
Guainía (Spanish pronunciation: [ɡwajˈni.a]; Yuri language: "Land of many waters") is a department of Eastern Colombia. It is in the east of the country, bordering Venezuela and Brazil. Its capital is Inírida. In 1963 Guainía was split off from Vaupés department. The northern part and the Inírida River are included in the Orinoco basin; the rest is part of the Amazon basin. The Guaviare River is the main area of colonization; many colonos come from the Colombian Andean zone, most of them from Boyacá. They are followed by the llaneros, people from the Eastern plains (Llanos). The population is mainly composed of Amerindians, and the largest ethnic groups are the Puinaves (from the makú-puinave family) and the Curripacos (from the Arawak family). There are a total of 24 ethnic groups in the department; many of them speak four Indigenous languages besides Spanish and Portuguese.
Annie K. Powell
Annie K. Powell (born October 20, 1959) is a British scientist and a professor of inorganic chemistry at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany. Her research focuses on single-molecule magnets, coordination clusters, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), environmental and sustainable chemistry.

Green chemistry
Green chemistry, similar to sustainable chemistry or circular chemistry, is an area of chemistry and chemical engineering focused on the design of products and processes that minimize or eliminate the use and generation of hazardous substances. While environmental chemistry focuses on the effects of polluting chemicals on nature, green chemistry focuses on the environmental impact of chemistry, including lowering consumption of nonrenewable resources and technological approaches for preventing pollution.

The overarching goals of green chemistry—namely, more resource-efficient and inherently safer design of molecules, materials, products, and processes—can be pursued in a wide range of contexts.
Thorntoun house and estate
Thorntoun School was opened by Barnardo's in September 1971 for children with emotional difficulties aged 11 to 16 years. The school closed in 1990 and Thorntoun is now a nursing home. The complex lies between the villages of Springside (North Ayrshire) and Crosshouse, Kilmarnock in East Ayrshire, Scotland. The old Thorntoun mansion house was demolished in the late 1960s, leaving the West Lodge, some of the home farm outbuildings, the stables and the walled garden as 'memorials' to the ancient history of the site. Many fine trees remain from the estate policies and the surviving gardens are very well maintained (2007). An entrance with a slight deviation from the old course has been created to serve the large modern buildings which house the nursing home.

Triangulation station
A triangulation station, also known as a trigonometrical point, and sometimes informally as a trig, is a fixed surveying station, used in geodetic surveying and other surveying projects in its vicinity.

The station is usually set up by a mapping organisation with known coordinates and elevation published. Numerous stations are installed on summits for purposes of visibility and prominence. A graven metal plate on the top of a pillar may provide a mounting point for a theodolite or reflector, often using some form of kinematic coupling to ensure reproducible positioning.