hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nitta Yoshimune
Nitta Yoshimune (新田 義宗, 1335 – 1368) was the third son of Nitta Yoshisada, and a commander of loyalist (Imperial) forces during the Nanbokuchō Wars.

In April 1352, Yoshimune led a force from Echigo Province to contribute to the loyalist efforts to drive the Shōgun, Ashikaga Takauji, from Kamakura. He defeated Takauji in a number of short engagements, but was eventually driven back to a place called Kotesashi-hara, and then to Echigo.

Echigo Province
Echigo Province (越後国, Echigo no Kuni; Japanese pronunciation: [eꜜ.tɕi.ɡo (no kɯ.ɲi), -tɕi.ŋo-, e.tɕiꜜ.ɡo-, -tɕiꜜ.ŋo-, e.tɕi.ɡoꜜ, -tɕi.ŋoꜜ-]) was an old province in north-central Japan, on the shores of the Sea of Japan. It bordered on Uzen, Iwashiro, Kōzuke, Shinano, and Etchū Provinces. It corresponds today to  Niigata Prefecture, minus the island of  Sado.

Its abbreviated form name was Esshū (越州), with Echizen and Etchū Provinces. Under the Engishiki classification system, Echigo was ranked as one of the 35 "superior countries" (上国) in terms of importance, and one of the 30 "far countries" (遠国) in terms of distance from the capital Kyoto.

Echigo and Kōzuke Province were known as the Jōetsu region.
History of ethics
Ethics is the branch of philosophy that examines right and wrong moral behavior, moral concepts (such as justice, virtue, duty) and moral language. Ethics or moral philosophy is a branch of philosophy that "involves systematizing, defending, and recommending concepts of right and wrong behavior". The field of ethics, along with aesthetics, concerns matters of value, and thus comprises the branch of philosophy called axiology.

Various ethical theories pose various answers to the question "What is the greatest good?" and elaborate a complete set of proper behaviors for individuals and groups. Ethical theories are closely related to forms of life in various social orders.

Golden Rule
The Golden Rule is the principle of treating others as one would want to be treated by them. It is sometimes called an ethics of reciprocity, meaning that one should reciprocate to others how one would like them to treat the person (not necessarily how they actually treat them). Various expressions of this rule can be found in the tenets of most religions and creeds through the ages.

The maxim may appear as a positive or negative injunction governing conduct:

Treat others as one would like others to treat them (positive or directive form)

Do not treat others in ways that one would not like to be treated (negative or prohibitive form)

What one wishes upon others, they wish upon themselves (empathetic or responsive form)
Paper Crown
Paper Crown is the second solo album by Nine Black Alps front-man Sam Forrest, released December 28, 2009, on Desert Mine Music.

Prior to release, Forrest had been uploading song previews to his website, where "Say Your Prayers" appeared to be lead single.

Nine Black Alps
Nine Black Alps were an English alternative rock band, formed in 2003 in Manchester. From 2011 onwards, the band consisted of vocalist-guitarist Sam Forrest, guitarist David Jones, drummer James Galley and bassist Karl Astbury.

Taking their name from "The Couriers" poem by Sylvia Plath, the band came to prominence with the release of their debut album, Everything Is in 2005. Following the release of the band's second album, Love/Hate (2007), the band parted ways with Island Records, and self-released their third studio album, Locked Out from the Inside in 2009.

In 2011, founding bassist/guitarist Martin Cohen departed the band to pursue a solo career under the name Milk Maid. Cohen was replaced by Astbury, with the band releasing their fourth album, Sirens in October 2012. In April 2014, Nine Black Alps released their fifth studio album Candy for the Clowns on Hatch Records.
Sun Jiagu
Sun Jiagu (孫家穀; Sun Chia-ku in Wade Giles) was a native of Anhui who graduated as jinshi in the 1856 and was a senior clerk in the Zongli Yamen when appointed in 1869 to be Co-Envoy with Anson Burlingame, then United States Minister at Beijing, on a friendly mission to foreign countries. It was as a forecast of the results of this mission that Burlingame announced the speedy appearance of "a shining cross on every hill" in the Middle Kingdom. In 1871 he was made Taot'ai at Yichang, and in 1878 Judge in Zhejiang. In 1882 he was recalled to Beijing to await employment.

Zongli Yamen
The Zongli Yamen (Chinese: 總理衙門), short for Office for the General Management of Affairs Concerning the Various Countries (總理各國事務衙門), also known as Prime Minister's Office, Office of General Management, was the government body in charge of foreign policy in imperial China during the late Qing dynasty. It was established by Prince Gong on 11 March 1861 after the Convention of Beijing. It was abolished by the Qing government in 1901 and replaced with a Foreign Office of ministry rank.
Castaic Power Plant
Castaic Power Plant, also known as the Castaic Pumped-Storage Plant, is a seven-unit pumped-storage hydroelectric plant, operated by the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power, which provides peak load power from the falling water on the West Branch of the California State Aqueduct. It is a cooperative venture between the  LADWP and the Department of Water Resources of the State of California. An agreement between the two organizations was signed on September 2, 1966, for construction of the project.

California Department of Water Resources
The California Department of Water Resources (DWR) is part of the California Natural Resources Agency and is responsible for the management and regulation of the State of California's water usage. The department was created in 1956 by Governor Goodwin Knight following severe flooding across Northern California in 1955, where they combined the Division of Water Resources of the Department of Public Works with the State Engineer's Office, the Water Project Authority, and the State Water Resources Board. It is headquartered in Sacramento.
12/13th Battalion of the Line
The 12th of the Line (Prince Leopold) – 13th of the Line Battalion (French: Bataillon 12e de Ligne Prince Léopold - 13e de Ligne, Dutch: Bataljon 12 Linie Prins Léopold - 13 Linie) is an infantry unit in the Belgian Army of the Belgian Armed Forces. It maintains the traditions of the 12th Regiment of the Line and 13th Regiment of the Line. From 2011 until 1 January 2017 the regiment was a part of the Light Brigade and on that date  the regiment joined the Motorized Brigade.

Battle of the Lys (1940)
The Battle of the Lys (French: Bataille de la Lys, Dutch: Leieslag) was a major battle between Belgian and German forces during the German invasion of Belgium of 1940 and the final major battle fought by Belgian troops before their surrender on 28 May. The battle was the bloodiest of the 18 Days' Campaign. The battle was named after the Leie (French: Lys), the river at which the battlefield occurred.
Nico Freriks
Nico Petrus Johannes Freriks (born 22 December 1981 in Uden, North Brabant) is a former volleyball player from the Netherlands, who represented his native country at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. There he ended up in ninth place with the Dutch Men's National Team. Freriks was named Best Setter at the 2004 Men's Volleyball Olympic Qualifier in Madrid, Spain.

Volleyball at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Volleyball at the 2004 Summer Olympics consisted of indoor volleyball held at the Peace and Friendship Stadium and beach volleyball held at the Faliro Olympic Beach Volleyball Centre, in the southern portion of the Roth Pavilion; both were located at the Faliro Coastal Zone Olympic Complex.
Adalbert Geheeb
Adalbert Geheeb (21 March 1842 in Geisa – 13 September 1909 in Konigsfelden, Brugg, Aargau) was a German botanist specializing in mosses. The son of a pharmacist, he studied natural history as a pastime, and published extensively.

In 1864-65 he studied pharmacy in Jena. Up until 1892, he served as a pharmacist in his hometown of Geisa, afterwards working as a private scholar in Freiburg im Breisgau. He was a corresponding member of the Royal Botanic Society of London and co-founder of the Rhön Club in Gersfeld.

In 1909 his herbarium contained 50,000 items representing 1300 species. He was the author of more than 50 scientific papers on mosses. The genus Geheebia is named after him, as are species with the epithet of geheebii, an example being Brachythecium geheebii.

Gersfeld
Gersfeld (German pronunciation: [ˈɡɛʁsfɛlt] ⓘ) is a town in the Fulda district of Hesse, Germany, on the Fulda River in the Rhön Mountains, 20 km (12.43 mi) southeast of Fulda. It belonged to the abbey-principality of Fulda before secularisation in 1803. It then belonged to the  Principality of Nassau-Orange-Fulda between 1803 and 1806, to France between 1806 and 1810, and then later to the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt between 1810 and 1813. After the Battle of Leipzig, it was occupied by the Allied troops of the Sixth Coalition between 1813 and 1815. After that, it was ceded to the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1815. During the Austro-Prussian War, it was occupied by Prussia before its annexation in the newly established Hesse Nassau province. It was finally incorporated in the state of Hesse in 1945.

Baroque castle

Clinic in castle park

Castle park
Mince on toast
Mince on toast is a food item that consists of cooked ground meat on a slice of toasted bread. The minced meat is typically seasoned with garlic, onions and worcestershire sauce.

In 2017, American food website Eater described the dish as "quintessentially British". The variant of the typical recipe was reported as mince on bread fried in beef lard, and garnished with watercress. British food critic and musician Jay Rayner described mince on toast as a "monstrosity". It has also been called an "iconic Kiwi dish", and "a simply wonderful way to start your morning”.

Bread
Bread is a baked food product made from water, flour, and often yeast. It is a staple food across the world, particularly in Europe and the Middle East. Throughout recorded history and around the world, it has been an important part of many cultures' diets. It is one of the oldest human-made foods, having been of significance since the dawn of agriculture, and plays an essential role in both religious rituals and secular culture.

Bread may be leavened by naturally occurring microbes (e.g. sourdough), chemicals (e.g. baking soda), industrially produced yeast, or high-pressure aeration, which creates the gas bubbles that fluff up bread. Bread may also be unleavened. In many countries, mass-produced bread often contains additives to improve flavor, texture, color, shelf life, nutrition, and ease of production.
Je suis une célébrité, sortez-moi de là !
Je suis une célébrité, sortez-moi de là ! is a French television reality show presented by Jean-Pierre Foucault and Christophe Dechavanne in season 1, and Laurence Boccolini in season 2. It was broadcast on TF1 from 14 April 2006 to 28 April 2006. It is the French version of the international reality show I'm a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!. The first season was broadcast live in the early evening from Teresópolis in Brazil. The second season aired in the summer of 2019, it took place in South Africa.

Jean-Pierre Foucault
Jean-Pierre Foucault (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃pjɛʁ fuko]; born 23 November 1947) is a French television and radio host. He was the host of Qui veut gagner des millions ?, the French version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?, and of Zone Rouge, the French version of The Chair. He has been hosting the Miss France pageant since 1996 and hosted the Miss Europe pageant in 2003, 2005 and 2006.

Foucault played himself in the 2006 film Mon Meilleur Ami directed by Patrice Leconte and starring Dany Boon as a taxi driver who wins the top prize in Qui veut gagner des millions ?

Foucault was born in Marseille to a Jewish mother. He shares his life with Évelyne Jarre without being married. He has a daughter from a previous marriage, Virginie Foucault.
P. Kakkan
P. Kakkan (18 June 1908 – 23 December 1981), known as Kakkan, was an Indian politician and freedom fighter who served as a member of the Constituent Assembly of India, Member of Parliament, President of the Tamil Nadu Congress Committee and in various ministerial posts in Congress governments in the erstwhile Madras state between 1957 and 1967.

Madras State
Madras State was a state in the Indian Republic, which was in existence during the mid-20th century as a successor to the Madras Province of British India. The state came into existence on 26 January 1950 when the Constitution of India was adopted and included the present-day Tamil Nadu, parts of neighbouring states of Kerala, Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.

Andhra state was separated in 1953. The state was further re-organized with the Malabar District being merged with the newly formed state of Kerala as well as five Tamil-majority taluks being incorporated into Madras State from the erstwhile Travancore–Cochin when states were redrawn linguistically in 1956. On 14 January 1969, the state was renamed Tamil Nadu.
Sadat Museum
The Sadat Museum is a cultural museum in Alexandria, Egypt, dedicated to the legacy of Egyptian president Anwar Al Sadat. It was inaugurated on February 17, 2009, by Suzanne Mubarak and Jehan Al Sadat and is located next to the planetarium of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, encompassing 200 square meters. The museum also launched an internet website that contains videos, images and documents about Sadat. The Museum holds the military uniform Sadat was wearing when he was assassinated, his desk, radio and some of the swords he received from Arab countries. The web collection contains 14,000 images and 61 hours of video.

Jehan Sadat
Jehan Sadat (Arabic: جيهان السادات, romanized: Jīhān as-Sādāt, pronounced [ʒeˈhæːn es.sæˈdæːt]; née Raouf Safwat; 29 August 1933 – 9 July 2021) was an Egyptian human rights activist and the First Lady of Egypt, as the wife of Anwar Sadat, from 1970 until her husband's assassination in 1981. As Egypt's first lady, she greatly influenced the reform of the country's civil rights legislation. Advance laws, referred to as the "Jehan Laws", have given women in Egypt a range of new rights, such as the right to child support and custody in the event of divorce.
Mohammad Soltani Mehr
Mohammad Soltani Mehr (Persian: محمد سلطانی‌ مهر, born 4 February 1999) is an Iranian professional football player who plays for Nassaji Mazandaran in the Azadegan League. He has been mentioned by The Guardian among 60 of the best young talents in world football.

F.C. Nassaji Mazandaran
Football Club Nassaji Mazandaran (Persian: باشگاه فوتبال نساجی مازندران, Bāšgāh-e Futbāl-e Nassāji-ye Māzandarān) is an Iranian football club based in Qaem Shahr, Mazandaran. They currently compete in the Azadegan League.

Nassaji has one of the highest average attendances in Iran. Nassaji is also the oldest club from the Caspian region of Iran and one of the oldest in all of Iran. One of the most important honors of Nassaji Mazandaran is a championship title in Iranian Hazfi Cup and a runner-up title in Iranian Super Cup.
The Great Kiwi Bake Off season 5
The fifth season of The Great Kiwi Bake Off return to Parihoa Farm in Muriwai, Auckland. This season premiered on Thursday 25 January 2024 at 7.30pm on TVNZ 1 and streams on TVNZ+.  As with the previous season, it was hosted by comedians Pax Assadi and Hayley Sproull, with the judges being Peter Gordon, Jordan Rondel, and - for episode 3 - New Zealand TV chef and restaurateur Michael Van de Elzen.

TVNZ+
TVNZ+ (Māori: Te Reo Tātaki Ā-Tono), formerly known as TVNZ OnDemand, is an over-the-top New Zealand television and video on demand streaming service offered by TVNZ. It offers a variety of free content, such as news updates and programmes seen on TVNZ channels. TVNZ+ offers most of the programmes broadcast on air with licensing agreements to be shown for users in New Zealand. In addition, it offers dozens of local and international titles exclusively available on the platform.
Mouchel (surname)
Mouchel is a surname, likely of French origin. Notable people with the surname include:

Jean Mouchel (1928–2022), French politician, novelist, and farmer

Louis Gustave Mouchel (1852–1908), French businessman

Marcel Mouchel (1927–2012), French footballer and manager

Marcel Mouchel
Marcel Mouchel (13 February 1927, in Équeurdreville-Hainneville (Manche) – 7 March 2012) was a French footballer and manager.

He played as attacker for AS Cherbourg from 1945 to 1958, with one season at SM Caen (1952–53). At Cherbourg, Mouchel played under the management of George Kimpton, Maurice Blondel and Ernest Vaast, who helped him gain the skill needed to win nine caps for France Amateurs (1956–58).

Marcel Mouchel is one of the iconic players of AS Cherbourg, along with Jacky Simon.

After receiving many offers, Marcel Mouchel became a professional at 31, when he signed for CS Sedan – also the club of Zacharie Noah – (1958–62). With his final club, he won the Coupe de France as captain in 1961 against Nîmes 3–1, in Colombes (Hauts-de-Seine). He played a total of 111 matches in Division 1, all with Sedan (23 goals in the championship).

As a coach, Marcel Mouchel managed SM Caen (1962–64), UST Équeurdreville and AS Cherbourg (1970–71).
Drammen Kommunale Trikk
Drammen Kommunale Trikk (DKT) (lit: Drammen Municipal Tram) was a Norwegian company that operated the Drammen trolleybus and bus system between July 1, 1947 and 1981, though the trolleybus system was closed in 1967. The company was started by the Drammen City Council when the licence of the former operator of the trolleybuses, A/S Trikken, went out of date. The company operated both the trolleybuses and diesel buses of Drammen until 1981, when the company was merged to create a common operating company for Drammen, Lier and Nedre Eiker. The new company was named Drammen og Omegn Busslinjer, and was sold to Nettbuss in 1999.

Trolleybus
A trolleybus (also known as trolley bus, trolley coach, trackless trolley, trackless tram (in the 1910s and 1920s), road tram or simply trolley) is an electric bus that draws power from dual overhead lines (generally suspended from roadside posts) using spring-loaded or pneumatically raised trolley poles. Two wires, and two trolley poles, are required to complete the electrical circuit. This differs from a tram or streetcar, which normally uses the track as the return path, needing only one wire and one pole (or pantograph). They are also distinct from other kinds of electric buses, which usually rely on batteries. Power is most commonly supplied as 600-volt direct current in older systems and 750-volts in newer systems, but there are exceptions.

Currently, around 300 trolleybus systems are in operation, in cities and towns in 43 countries. Altogether, more than 800 trolleybus systems have existed, but not more than about 400 concurrently.
White Rajahs
The White Rajahs of Sarawak were a hereditary monarchy of the Brooke family, who founded and ruled the Raj of Sarawak as a sovereign state, located on the northwest coast of the island of Borneo in Maritime Southeast Asia, from 1841 to 1946. Of British origin, the first ruler, James Brooke was granted the province of Kuching – which was known as Sarawak Asal (Original Sarawak) – by the Sultanate of Brunei for helping fight piracy and insurgency among the indigenous peoples in 1841 and received independent kingdom status.

Based on descent through the male line in accordance with the will of James Brooke, the White Rajahs' dynasty continued through Brooke's nephew and grandnephew, the latter of whom ceded his rights over Sarawak to the United Kingdom in 1946, which was made a Crown colony. His nephew had been the legal heir to the throne and objected to the cession, as did most of the Sarawak members of the Council Negri.

Hereditary monarchy
A hereditary monarchy is a form of government and succession of power in which the throne passes from one member of a ruling family to another member of the same family. A series of rulers from the same family would constitute a dynasty. It is historically the most common type of monarchy and remains the dominant form in extant monarchies.

In most extant hereditary monarchies, the typical order of succession uses some form of primogeniture, but there exist other methods such as seniority and tanistry (in which an heir-apparent is nominated from among qualified candidates). Research shows that hereditary regimes, in particular primogeniture, are more stable than forms of authoritarian rule with alternative succession arrangements.
Heirisson Island
Heirisson Island is an artificially created island in the Swan River in Western Australia at the eastern end of Perth Water, within the suburb of East Perth. It occupies an area of 285,600 square metres (70.6 acres), and is connected to the two foreshores by the Causeway and the Boorloo Bridge. The next upstream island is Kuljak Island,  then Ron Courtney Island, with no islands in the Swan River downstream between Heirisson Island and the Indian Ocean other than the artificial islet in Elizabeth Quay.

Before development, there were several small islands, surrounded by mudflats. Over the years, dredging and reclamation has created a single island, which is now a landscaped nature reserve, with a 2-kilometre (1.2 mi) walking path. The Noongar name for the area is Matagarup (meaning 'leg deep'), which has been retained for the single island after reclamation.

Heirisson Island is listed on the Western Australia Department of Aboriginal Affairs' Register of Aboriginal Sites, as ID 3589.

Aboriginal Tent Embassy
The Aboriginal Tent Embassy is a permanent protest occupation site as a focus for representing the political rights of Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islander people. Established on 26 January (Australia Day) 1972, it is the longest continuous protest for Indigenous land rights in the world.

First established in 1972 under a beach umbrella as a protest against the McMahon government's approach to Indigenous Australian land rights, the Aboriginal Tent Embassy is made up of signs and tents. Since 1992 it has been located on the lawn opposite Old Parliament House in Canberra, the Australian capital. It is not considered an official embassy by the Australian Government. The Embassy has been a site of protest and support for grassroots campaigns for the recognition of Indigenous land rights in Australia, Aboriginal deaths in custody, self-determination, and Indigenous sovereignty.
Silay
Silay, officially the City of Silay (Hiligaynon: Dakbanwa/Syudad sang Silay; Filipino: Lungsod ng Silay), is a  component city in the province of Negros Occidental, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 136,802 people.

Silay is often referred to as the "Paris of Negros" due to its artists, cultural shows and large collection of perfectly preserved heritage houses. More than thirty of these houses have been declared by the National Historical Commission of the Philippines as part of the Silay National Historical Landmark. In 2015, the city celebrated its 58th charter anniversary.

National Historical Commission of the Philippines
The National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP; Filipino: Pambansang Komisyong Pangkasaysayan ng Pilipinas) is a government agency of the Philippines. Its mission is "the promotion of Philippine history and cultural heritage through research, dissemination, conservation, sites management and heraldry works." As such, it "aims to inculcate awareness and appreciation of the noble deeds and ideals of our heroes and other illustrious Filipinos, to instill pride in the Filipino people and to rekindle the Filipino spirit through the lessons of history."