hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kim Gap-sun
Kim Gap-sun (Korean: 김갑순; Hanja: 金甲淳; May 22, 1872 – 1961) was a Joseon bureaucrat and modern Korean businessman, politician, and realtor. He was a significant slaver and landowner in South Chungcheong Province during the Japanese colonial period.

In his early life he was successively Governor of Buyeo County (1902), Noseong County (1903–1905, 1907–1910), Gongju County (1906–1907, 1910), Kimhwa County (1908–1910), and Asan county (1910–1911). His art name was Sungap, and his courtesy name was Dongwu.

Each time he took office as county governor, the thing he was most interested in was real estate. For example, in the 1930s, the area of Daejeon-eup was 1,907,400m2 (578,000 pyeong), and the land owned by Kim Gap-sun was 220,000 pyeong. So, at that time, he owned close to 50% of the land in Daejeon.

After liberation, he was arrested and tried by the Special Investigation Committee on Anti-National Acts (반민족행위특별조사위원회) in January 1949, but was released on bail.

Art name
An art name (pseudonym or pen name), also known by its native names hào (in Mandarin Chinese), gō (in Japanese), ho (in Korean), and tên hiệu (in Vietnamese), is a professional name used by artists, poets and writers in the Sinosphere. The word and the concept originated in China, where it was used as nicknames for the educated, then became popular in other East Asian countries (especially in Japan, Korea, Vietnam, and the former Kingdom of Ryukyu).

In some cases, artists adopted different pseudonyms at different stages of their career, usually to mark significant changes in their life. Extreme practitioners of this tendency were Tang Yin of the Ming dynasty, who had more than ten hao, Hokusai of Japan, who in the period 1798 to 1806 alone used no fewer than six, and Kim Chŏnghŭi of the Joseon Dynasty who had up to 503.
Dobie Gray
Dobie Gray (born Lawrence Darrow Brown; July 26, 1940 – December 6, 2011) was an American singer and songwriter. Gray's music spanned multiple genres, including soul, country, pop, and musical theater. His hit songs included "The 'In' Crowd" in 1965 and "Drift Away" (a cover of a song written by Mentor Williams). "Drift Away" was one of the biggest hits of 1973, has sold over one million copies, and remains a staple of radio airplay.

Dobie Gray was a member of the cast of Hair at the Aquarius Theater in Hollywood from 1968 to 1969.

Airplay
Airplay is how frequently a song is being played through broadcasting on radio stations. A song which is being played several times every day (spins) would have a significant amount of airplay. Music which became very popular on jukeboxes, in nightclubs and at discotheques between the 1940s and 1960s would also have airplay.
New England Transit
New England Transit (abbreviated as NET or NETransit) is a Roblox-based public transit roleplay and simulation group. Founded in 2021 by Ilias Benmokrane, known on Roblox as Ill91, the group created Boston Bus Simulator which became the successor of Benmokrane's first game, New England Bus Simulator. New England Transit focuses on replicating the operations of public transportation agencies in Boston and Worcester, both located in Massachusetts. Boston Bus Simulator recreates bus operations at the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA), while New England Bus Simulator replicates the Worcester Regional Transit Authority (WRTA). The group's main game, Boston Bus Simulator, has experienced rapid growth, garnering over 1,100,000 visits in under a year. The project has been covered by several news outlets, including The Boston Globe, WHDH (Channel 7), WBZ-TV Boston, and Axios.

WBZ-TV
WBZ-TV (channel 4) is a television station in Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It is owned and operated by the CBS television network via its CBS News and Stations division. Under common ownership with independent station WSBK-TV (channel 38), both stations share studio facilities on Soldiers Field Road in the Allston–Brighton section of Boston; WBZ-TV's transmitter is located on Cedar Street in Needham, Massachusetts, on a tower site that was formerly owned by CBS and is now owned by American Tower Corporation (which is shared with transmitters belonging to sister station WSBK as well as WCVB-TV, WBTS-CD and WGBX-TV).
1928 Norwegian Football Cup
The 1928 Norwegian Football Cup was the 27th season of the Norwegian annual knockout football tournament. The tournament was open for all members of NFF, except those from Northern Norway. The final was played at Halden Stadion in Halden on 14 October 1928, and was contested by the defending champions Ørn and the four-time former winners Lyn. Ørn successfully defended their title with a 2–1 victory, securing their third Norwegian Cup trophy.

Halden
Halden (pronounced [ˈhɑ̀ɫdn̩] ⓘ), between 1665 and 1928 known as Fredrikshald, is both a town and a municipality in Østfold county, Norway. The municipality borders Sarpsborg to the northwest, Rakkestad to the north and Aremark to the east, as well as the Swedish municipalities Strömstad, Tanum and Dals-Ed respectively to the southwest, south and southeast.

The seat of the municipality, Halden is a border town located at the mouth of the Tista river on the Iddefjord, the southernmost border crossing between Norway and Sweden. The town of Halden is located about 120 km (75 mi) south of Oslo, 190 km (120 mi) north of Gothenburg, and 12 km (7.5 mi) west of the border crossing at Svinesund.
Listed buildings in Penzance
Penzance is a town, civil parish and port in Cornwall, United Kingdom. As well as the town of Penzance, the civil parish also includes the town and port of Newlyn and the villages of Gulval, Heamoor, Mousehole and Paul.

Mousehole
Mousehole (/ˈmaʊzəl/; Cornish: Porthenys) is a village and fishing port in Cornwall, England, UK. It is approximately 2.5 miles (4 km) south of Penzance on the shore of Mount's Bay. The village is in the civil parish of Penzance. An islet called St Clement's Isle lies about 350 metres (380 yd) offshore from the harbour entrance.

Mousehole lies within the Cornwall Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB). 27% of Cornwall has AONB designation, with the same status and protection as a National Park.
1987 World Allround Speed Skating Championships
The World Allround Speed Skating Championships for Men took place on 14 and 15 February 1987 in Heerenveen at the Thialf ice rink. This was the first international skating tournament to be held in an indoor stadium with the result that 9 world records and 93 personal records were set.

Title holder was the Netherlander Hein Vergeer.

Heerenveen
Heerenveen (Dutch pronunciation: [ˌɦeːrə(ɱ)ˈveːn] ⓘ, West Frisian: It Hearrenfean [ət ˌjɛrn̩ˈfɪən] ⓘ, Stellingwerfs: et Vene) is a town and municipality in the province of Friesland (Fryslân), in the Northern Netherlands. In 2021, the town had a population of 29,790 (1 January) while the municipality had a population of 50,859 (1 July).

The town itself is located southeast of Sneek and southwest of Drachten. Heerenveen is the oldest peat canal village in the Netherlands. Heerenveen is the fourth-largest place in Friesland in terms of population, but is not one of the eleven Frisian cities.

The municipality was formed on 1 July 1934, from parts of former municipalities Aengwirden and Schoterland, and a portion of the municipality of Haskerland. Boarnsterhim also merged into Heerenveen on 1 January 2014.
Fold (higher-order function)
In functional programming, a fold is a higher-order function that analyzes a recursive data structure and, through use of a given combining operation, recombines the results of recursively processing its constituent parts, building up a return value. Fold is also termed as reduce, accumulate, aggregate, compress, or inject. Typically, a fold is presented with a combining function, a top node of a data structure, and possibly some default values to be used under certain conditions. The fold then proceeds to combine elements of the data structure's hierarchy, using the function in a systematic way.

Folds are in a sense dual to unfolds, which take a seed value and apply a function corecursively to decide how to progressively construct a corecursive data structure, whereas a fold recursively breaks that structure down, replacing it with the results of applying a combining function at each node on its terminal values and the recursive results (catamorphism, versus anamorphism of unfolds).

Analysis
Analysis (pl.: analyses) is the process of breaking a complex topic or substance into smaller parts in order to gain a better understanding of it. The technique has been applied in the study of mathematics and logic since before Aristotle, though analysis as a formal concept is a relatively recent development.

The word comes from the Ancient Greek ἀνάλυσις (analysis, "a breaking-up" or "an untying" from ana- "up, throughout" and lysis "a loosening"). From it also comes the word's plural, analyses.

As a formal concept, the method has variously been ascribed to René Descartes (Discourse on the Method), and Galileo Galilei. It has also been ascribed to Isaac Newton, in the form of a practical method of physical discovery (which he did not name).

The converse of analysis is synthesis: putting the pieces back together again in a new or different whole.
Louise Littlewood
Louise Littlewood is an Australian politician and was a member of the Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly representing the multi-member electorate of Brindabella for the Liberal Party. Littlewood was elected following a recount of ballot papers to fill a casual vacancy resulting from the resignation of Tony De Domenico in the third ACT Legislative Assembly. Littlewood was sworn into the Assembly on 18 February 1997. Littlewood contested the 1998 ACT general election; however, she was unsuccessful in retaining her seat.

Australian Capital Territory Legislative Assembly
The Legislative Assembly for the Australian Capital Territory, known in short as the ACT Legislative Assembly, is the unicameral legislature of the Australian Capital Territory (ACT). It sits in the Legislative Assembly Building on Civic Square, close to the centre of the city of Canberra.

Unlike the legislatures of the states and the Northern Territory, the Assembly also has the functions of a local council; the city of Canberra has no other local government. It replaced the House of Assembly when the ACT was granted self-government in 1986. Voters had previously rejected self government in a 1978 plebiscite.
Renealmia alpinia
Renealmia alpinia is a flowering plant species native to the Americas, where it grows from southern Mexico through much of South America, though not in the Southern Cone. It can also be found on several Caribbean islands.

In Quechua it is called misk'i p'anqa (misk'i sweet; honey, p'anqa bract, "sweet bract" or "honey bract"). The name alludes to R. alpinia's value as a culinary herb, especially for flavoring fish. Among Spanish-speakers this species is known as jenjibre-de-jardin ("garden ginger"). Both jenjibre-de-jardin and ginger (Zingiber officinale) are in the family Zingiberaceae.

Renealmia alpinia is commonly known as mardi gras in Trinidad, where hunters administer it either orally or topically to their hunting dogs to treat a variety of conditions, from sprains to snakebite.

In Suriname it's known as masoesa.

Oral administration
Oral administration is a route of administration whereby a substance is taken through the mouth, swallowed, and then processed via the digestive system. This is a common route of administration for many medications.

Oral administration can be easier and less painful than other routes of administration, such as injection.  However, the onset of action is relatively low, and the effectiveness is reduced if it is not absorbed properly in the digestive system, or if it is broken down by digestive enzymes before it can reach the bloodstream. Some medications may cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea or vomiting, when taken orally. Oral administration can also only be applied to conscious patients, and patients able to swallow.
Chinese General Chamber of Commerce
The Chinese General Chamber of Commerce (CGCCHK; Chinese: 香港中華總商會) is a non-profit organization of local Chinese firms and businessmen based in Hong Kong. It was founded in 1900 by Ho Fook and Lau Chu-pak, two prominent leaders of the Chinese community during the colonial period. It is one of the oldest and largest chambers of commerce in Hong Kong. At present, the Chamber has a membership of over 6,000, comprising association, company and individual members.

Largely regarded as a pro-Beijing group, it has representative in the Legislative Council of Hong Kong through the Commercial (Second) functional constituency and also many other political sectors such as the Election Committee which is responsible for the Chief Executive election, Hong Kong Monetary Authority, Information Technology and Broadcasting Bureau, and Education and Manpower Bureau. The current holder of the seat in the Legislative Council is Martin Liao.

Hong Kong Monetary Authority
The Hong Kong Monetary Authority (HKMA) is the central banking institution of Hong Kong. It is a government authority founded on 1 April 1993 when the Office of the Exchange Fund and the Office of the Commissioner of Banking merged. The organisation reports directly to the Financial Secretary.
West Branch Souhegan River
The West Branch of the Souhegan River is a 3.1-mile-long (5.0 km) river in southern New Hampshire in the United States. It is a tributary of the Souhegan River, which flows to the Merrimack River and ultimately to the Gulf of Maine.

The West Branch is located entirely in the town of New Ipswich, New Hampshire. It begins at the junction of Fox Brook and Pratt Pond Brook, southwest of the town center, and flows east through the settlement known as Smithville, ending at its junction with the South Branch of the Souhegan River north of Gibson Four Corners.

Gulf of Maine
The Gulf of Maine is a large gulf of the Atlantic Ocean on the east coast of North America. It is bounded by Cape Cod at the eastern tip of Massachusetts in the southwest and by Cape Sable Island at the southern tip of Nova Scotia in the northeast. The gulf includes the entire coastlines of the U.S. states of New Hampshire and Maine, as well as Massachusetts north of Cape Cod, and the southern and western coastlines of the Canadian provinces of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, respectively.

The gulf was named for the adjoining English colonial Province of Maine, which was in turn likely named by early explorers after the province of Maine in France. Massachusetts Bay, Penobscot Bay, Passamaquoddy Bay, and the Bay of Fundy are all arms of the Gulf of Maine.
Gračnica
Gračnica (pronounced [ˈɡɾaːtʃnitsa]) is a dispersed settlement in the hills above the left bank of the Savinja River in the Municipality of Laško in eastern Slovenia. The railway line from Zidani Most to Celje runs through the settlement. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Savinja Statistical Region.

Savinja
The Savinja (pronounced [saˈʋìːnja]) is a river in northeast Slovenia which flows mostly in the Upper and Lower Savinja Valley (Slovene: Zgornja in Spodnja Savinjska dolina) and through the cities of Celje and Laško. The Savinja is the main river of the Savinja Alps (Sln. Savinjske Alpe). It flows into the Sava River at the town of Zidani Most. It has often flooded, such as in the 1960s, 1990, and 1995. The Savinja has a length of 101.75 kilometres (63.22 mi) and a catchment area of 1,847.7 km2 (713.4 sq mi).
Institute of African Studies
The Institute of African Studies, on the Anne Jiagee Road on the campus of the University of Ghana at Legon, is an interdisciplinary research institute in the humanities and social sciences. It was established by President Kwame Nkrumah in 1962 to encourage African studies.

Thomas Lionel Hodgkin served as the first Director, from 1962 to 1965. On 25 October 1963, President Nkrumah gave an inaugural address at the institute, entitled "The African Genius", in which he called for the recovery of African traditions and an African-centered approach to knowledge.

African studies
African studies is the study of Africa, especially the continent's cultures and societies (as opposed to its geology, geography, zoology, etc.). The field includes the study of Africa's history (pre-colonial, colonial, post-colonial), demography (ethnic groups), culture, politics, economy, languages, and religion (Islam, Christianity, traditional religions). A specialist in African studies is often referred to as an "Africanist".

Africanists argue that there is a need to "deexoticize" Africa and banalise it, rather than understand Africa as exceptionalized and exoticized. African scholars, in recent times, have focused on decolonizing African studies, and reconfiguring it to reflect the African experience through an African lens.
Jürgen Köhler
Jürgen Köhler (born 22 February 1946, in Leipzig) is a former East German slalom canoeist who competed in the 1960s and 1970s. He won three medals at the ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships with a gold (C-1 team: 1971), a silver (C-1 team: 1967) and a bronze (C-2 team: 1973).

Köhler also finished sixth in the C-1 event at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich.

1973 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships
The 1973 ICF Canoe Slalom World Championships were held in Muotathal, Switzerland under the auspices of International Canoe Federation. It was the 13th edition. A record nine nations won medals at the championships.
2020 Ladies European Tour
The 2020 Ladies European Tour was a series of golf tournaments for elite female golfers from around the world. The tournaments were sanctioned by the Ladies European Tour (LET).

The season was affected by the COVID-19 pandemic with many tournaments either being postponed or cancelled. Among the cancellations was The Evian Championship, one of the LPGA Tour's five major championships.

Ladies European Tour
The Ladies European Tour is a professional golf tour for women which was founded in 1978. Most of the players on the tour are European, with members from more than 40 countries internationally. Despite its name, the tour also has tournaments in Africa, Asia, North America and Oceania.

The organization is based at Buckinghamshire Golf Club near London in England. Like many British-based sports organisations it is a company limited by guarantee, a legal structure which enables it to focus on maximising returns to its members through prize money, rather than on making profits for investors. The tour is run by a board of directors and a Players' Council.
Aeroflot Flight 315 (1960)
Aeroflot Flight 315 was a regularly scheduled passenger flight operated by Aeroflot from Vnukovo International Airport in Moscow to Lviv Airport in Lviv, Ukraine; at the time, both were in the Soviet Union. On 26 February 1960, the An-10A operating this flight crashed short of the airport runway while on final approach. 24 passengers and eight crew members were killed, one passenger survived.

The Air Accident Investigation Commission concluded that the cause of the accident was a combination of a design flaw and tail icing.

Lviv Danylo Halytskyi International Airport
Lviv Danylo Halytskyi International Airport (Ukrainian: Міжнародний аеропорт «Львів» імені Данила Галицького, romanized: Mizhnarodnyi aeroport "Lviv" imeni Danyla Halytskoho) (IATA: LWO, ICAO: UKLL) is an international airport in Lviv, Ukraine, located 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from the central city. It is the second largest and busiest airport in Ukraine. Importance of the airport increased gradually following the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014. The airport is named after King Daniel of Galicia, the historical founder of the city in 1256 AD.

On 24 February 2022, Ukraine closed airspace to civilian flights due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine.
HSwMS Magne (30)
HSwMS Magne (30) was a Mode-class destroyer of the Swedish Navy during World War II. She was built at Götaverken and was launched on 25 April 1942 as the second ship of the Mode class. The ship was rebuilt in the mid-1950s and reclassified to frigate in 1953 when she received pennant number 74. Magne was scrapped in Ystad in 1973. The name comes from Magni, the son of Thor in Nordic mythology.

Swedish Navy
The Swedish Navy (Swedish: Svenska marinen) is the maritime service branch of the Swedish Armed Forces. It is composed of surface and submarine naval units – the Fleet (Flottan), formally sometimes referred to as the Royal Navy (Kungliga Flottan) – as well as marine units, the Amphibious Corps (Amfibiekåren).

Founded under King Gustav Vasa in 1522, the Swedish navy is one of the oldest continuously serving navies in the world, celebrating its 500th anniversary in 2022.
American Crusade
American Crusade: Our Fight to Stay Free is a non-fiction book written by American television presenter Pete Hegseth (later the United States Secretary of Defense) published in 2020. In the book, Hegseth calls for an "American crusade", writing against what he believed to be America's enemies including "leftists" and Islam. The book gained sustained attention after Hegseth was nominated to be the Secretary of Defense by US President-elect Donald Trump.

Council on American–Islamic Relations
The Council on American–Islamic Relations (CAIR) is a Muslim civil rights and advocacy group. It is headquartered on Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C., with regional offices nationwide. Through civil rights actions, media relations, civic engagement, and education, CAIR works to promote social, legal and political activism among Muslims in America.
Arpaçbahşiş
Arpaçbahşiş is a neighborhood within the municipality and district of Erdemli, Mersin Province, Turkey, with a population of 7,285 as of 2022. Prior to the administrative reorganization of 2013, it was classified as a town (belde). Currently, Arpaçbahşiş serves as a summer resort area, primarily attracting Turkish tourists. Its coastal location offers a shoreline that draws seasonal visitors seeking a local retreat. In the wake of the earthquake in Kahramanmaraş, many individuals affected by the disaster have begun to reside in the area during the winter months, with some transforming their vacation properties into primary residences. Additionally, in recent years, there has been a notable increase in residents from Russia.

Mersin Province
Mersin Province (Turkish: Mersin ili), formerly İçel Province (İçel ili), is a province and metropolitan municipality in southern Turkey, on the Mediterranean coast between Antalya and Adana. Its area is 16,010 km2, and its population is 1,916,432 (2022). The provincial capital and the biggest city in the province is Mersin, which is composed of four municipalities and district governorates: Akdeniz, Mezitli, Toroslar and Yenişehir. Next largest is Tarsus, the birthplace of Paul the Apostle. The province is considered to be a part of the geographical, economical and cultural region of Çukurova, which covers the provinces of Mersin, Adana, Osmaniye and Hatay.
San Vitale, Assisi
San Vitale is a frazione of the comune of Assisi in the Province of Perugia, Umbria, central Italy. It stands at an elevation of 372 metres above sea level. At the time of the Istat census of 2001 it had 494 inhabitants,

Italian National Institute of Statistics
The Italian National Institute of Statistics (Italian: Istituto nazionale di statistica; Istat) is the primary source of official statistics in Italy. The institute conducts a variety of activities, including the census of population, economic censuses, and numerous social, economic, and environmental surveys and analyses. Istat is the largest producer of statistical information in Italy and is actively involved in the European Statistical System, which is overseen by Eurostat.