hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
AN/ALQ-101 countermeasures pod
AN/ALQ-101 is an electronic countermeasures (ECM) pod used on aircraft such as the Blackburn Buccaneer at RAF Honington. It was also used in the Falklands War by the Avro Vulcan bomber during Operation Black Buck.

The system was developed and manufactured by Westinghouse Electronic Systems in Baltimore, Maryland. Its use by the RAF on Buccaneer Aircraft based at RAF Honington and RAF Lossiemouth was supported by Ferranti based in Edinburgh, Scotland who introduced a major update to the system. The modifications to adapt it for use on the Vulcan aircraft were carried out by the RAF.

In accordance with the Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), the "AN/ALQ-101" designation represents the 101st design of an Army-Navy airborne electronic device for special countermeasures equipment. The JETDS system also now is used to name all Department of Defense and some NATO electronic systems.

Northrop Grumman Electronic Systems
Northrop Grumman Electronic Systems (NGES) was a business segment of Northrop Grumman from 1996 to 2015, until a reorganization on January 1 2016 merged other Northrop Grumman businesses into NGES to form a new segment called Mission Systems.  NGES had originally been created by Northrop Grumman's acquisition of Westinghouse Electronic Systems Group in 1996.  The Electronic Systems sector was a designer, developer, and manufacturer of a wide variety of advanced defense electronics and systems. The division had 120 locations worldwide, including 72 international offices, and approximately 24,000 employees; accounting for 20% of company sales in 2005.
Richard M. Weiner
Richard M. Weiner (6 February 1930 – 13 August 2020) was a professor of theoretical physics at the University of Marburg in Marburg, Germany and an associate of the Laboratoire de Physique Théorique at Paris-Sud University in Orsay, France.

World Scientific
World Scientific Publishing is an academic publisher of scientific, technical, and medical books and journals headquartered in Singapore. The company was founded in 1981. It publishes about 600 books annually, with more than 170 journals in various fields. In 1995, World Scientific co-founded the London-based Imperial College Press together with the Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine.
Swimming at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Women's 400 metre individual medley
The women's 400 metre individual medley event for the 1976 Summer Olympics was held in Montreal on 24 July. All swimmers in the final would have won the 1972 final in this event. Ulrike Tauber won in a new world-record time.

Ulrike Tauber
Ulrike Tauber (born 16 June 1958) is a retired medley and butterfly swimmer from East Germany, who won the gold medal in the women's 400 m individual medley at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. There she also captured the silver medal in the women's 200 m butterfly. In the 1970s Tauber set numerous world records in the 200 m and 200 m individual medley. In 1974 and 1977, Swimming World magazine awarded Tauber the titles of Swimmer of the Year and European Swimmer of the Year. In 1988 Tauber was inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fame. It was later revealed that she had used doping during competitions, like many other athletes from the GDR. In 2013, Swimming World stripped her of all titles.
Duqueine D09
The Duqueine D09 is a Le Mans Prototype built to ACO 2025 3rd Generation LMP3 regulations. It was designed, and built by Duqueine Engineering. The car is the successor to the Duqueine D08. The car is set to be eligible in a series of Championships worldwide, such as the European Le Mans Series and the IMSA VP Racing SportsCar Challenge.

Automobile Club de l'Ouest
The Automobile Club de l'Ouest (English: Automobile Club of the West), sometimes abbreviated to ACO, is the largest automotive group in France. It was founded in 1906 by car building and racing enthusiasts, and is most famous for being the organising entity behind the annual 24 Hours of Le Mans race. The ACO also lobbies on behalf of French drivers on such issues as road building and maintenance, the availability of driving schools and road safety classes, and the incorporation of technical innovations into new vehicles. It also runs a roadside assistance service for its members.
Louis Roule
Louis Roule ([lwi ʁul]; 20 December 1861 – 30 July 1942) was a French zoologist born in Marseille.

In 1881 he obtained a degree in natural sciences at Marseille, followed by his doctorate of sciences (1884) at Paris with a thesis on ascidians of coastal Provence. From 1885 he worked as a lecturer at the faculty of sciences in Toulouse, where in 1892 he became a professor. During the previous year (1891), he earned a doctorate in medicine.

In 1910 he succeeded Léon Vaillant (1834–1914) as chair of zoology (reptiles and fish) at the Muséum national d'histoire naturelle in Paris, a position he would hold until 1937. During this time period he was also an instructor at the Institut National Agronomique (from 1925), and director of the laboratory of ichthyology at the École pratique des hautes études (EPHE).

National Museum of Natural History, France
In France, the National Museum of Natural History (French: Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle [myzeɔm nɑsjɔnal distwaʁ natyʁɛl]; MNHN) is the national natural history museum of France and a grand établissement of higher education part of Sorbonne University. The main museum, with four galleries,  is located in Paris, France, within the Jardin des Plantes on the left bank of the River Seine. It was formally founded in 1793, during the French Revolution, but was begun even earlier in 1635 as the royal garden of medicinal plants. The museum now has 14 sites throughout France.

Since the 2014 reform, it has been headed by a chairman, assisted by deputy managing directors. The Museum has a staff of approximately 2,350 members, including six hundred researchers. It is a member of the national network of naturalist collections (RECOLNAT).
Hadamard's method of descent
In mathematics, the method of descent is the term coined by the French mathematician Jacques Hadamard as a method for solving a partial differential equation in several real or complex variables, by regarding it as the specialisation of an equation in more variables, constant in the extra parameters. This method has been used to solve the wave equation, the heat equation and other versions of the Cauchy initial value problem.

As Hadamard (1923) wrote:

We thus have a first example of what I shall call a 'method of descent'. Creating a phrase for an idea which is merely childish and has been used since the first steps of the theory is, I must confess, rather ambitious; but we shall come across it rather frequently, so that it will be convenient to have a word to denote it. It consists in noticing that he who can do more can do less: if we can integrate equations with m variables, we can do the same for equations with (m – 1) variables.

Cauchy boundary condition
In mathematics, a Cauchy (French: [koʃi]) boundary condition augments an ordinary differential equation or a partial differential equation with conditions that the solution must satisfy on the boundary; ideally so as to ensure that a unique solution exists. A Cauchy boundary condition specifies both the function value and normal derivative on the boundary of the domain. This corresponds to imposing both a Dirichlet and a Neumann boundary condition. It is named after the prolific 19th-century French mathematical analyst Augustin-Louis Cauchy.
World Water Index
The World Water Index (WOWAX) is a global stock market index established in February 2002 by Société Générale in cooperation with SAM Group and Dow Jones Index/STOXX.

It contains the globally largest 20 corporations of the water supply, water infrastructure and water utilities/treatment sector.

The index' assortment of shares is rebalanced every quarter of a year, and revised every six months.

The ISIN of the WOWAX is XY0100291446 and US98151V3006, respectively.

S&P Dow Jones Indices
S&P Dow Jones Indices LLC is a joint venture between S&P Global and the CME Group, that was announced in 2011 and later launched in 2012.  It produces, maintains, licenses, and markets stock market indices as benchmarks and as the basis of investable products, such as exchange-traded funds (ETFs), mutual funds, and structured products. The company currently has employees in 15 cities worldwide, including New York, London, Frankfurt, Singapore, Hong Kong, Sydney, Beijing, and Dubai.

The company's best known indices are the S&P 500 and the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA), which were created in 1957 and 1896, respectively. The company also manages the oldest index in use, the Dow Jones Transportation Index, created in 1882 by Charles Dow, the founder of The Wall Street Journal.

S&P Global (formerly McGraw Hill Financial, Inc.), owner of Standard & Poor's, controls 73% of the joint venture, CME Group owns 24.4% through its affiliates.
Anna Stang
Anna Stang (May 18, 1834 – December 23, 1901), née Anna Sophie Margrethe Holmsen, was a Norwegian feminist, liberal politician and the second President of the Norwegian Association for Women's Rights, serving from 1885 to 1886. She also ran a private school in Kongsvinger for 17 years. She was married to Norwegian Prime Minister Jacob Stang, and was therefore for the rest of her life addressed as "Madam Prime Minister" (Norwegian: Statsministerinde). She was the mother of Minister of Defence Georg Stang.

Kongsvinger (town)
Kongsvinger (pronunciationⓘ) is a town located within Kongsvinger Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The town is the administrative centre of the municipality. It is located along the river Glomma, about 80 kilometres (50 mi) northeast of the city of Oslo and about 90 kilometres (56 mi) south of the town of Elverum. The town is about 30 kilometres (19 mi) from the border with Sweden.

The 8.27-square-kilometre (2,040-acre) town has a population (2024) of 12,443 and a population density of 1,505 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,900/sq mi).

The downtown area of Kongsvinger has a new public library and a town square. There are also plans for a new hotel to be built in conjunction to the refurbishment of the downtown area as well as for the construction of two new shopping centres. These plans are part of the overall strategy of the municipal council to make Kongsvinger more attractive to tourists and potential new residents.
Naotake Furusato
Naotake Furusato (古里 尚丈, Furusato Naotake; born May 3, 1961) is a Japanese anime producer from Shichinohe, Aomori Prefecture. Furusato produced Crush Gear Turbo and Gear Fighter Dendoh, and conceived and planned of Xuccess Heaven (ザクセスへベン, Zakusesu Heben), a Japanese multimedia project produced by Bandai Namco and Sega Networks. The project launched as an "animation RPG" for smartphones, considered the first of its kind, and later expand to multiple platforms and media in the future. Hirokazu Hisayuki, Yōhei Sasaki, Shō Matsui, Yukiko Akiyama, and Hisashi Hirai work on the project's character design. The opening song is by iRis and Yumemiru Adolescene.

Formerly a producer at Sunrise Studio 8, Furusato established his own company, Odd Eye Creative, in February 2011.

Bandai Namco Holdings
Bandai Namco Holdings Inc. (commonly known as Bandai Namco and formerly Namco Bandai until 2015, also known as Bandai Namco Group,) is a Japanese mass media and entertainment conglomerate founded in 2005 by the merger of Namco and Bandai. The company specializes in toys, video games, arcades, anime, restaurants, and amusement parks. They are unofficially nicknamed "Bamco" by some. The conglomerate is made up of:

Bandai, toy company; includes Bandai Spirits

Bandai Namco Entertainment, video game publisher; includes Bandai Namco Studios

Bandai Namco Experience, amusement machine developer and operator; includes Bandai Namco Amusement

Bandai Namco Filmworks, film/anime production; includes Sunrise and Bandai Namco Pictures

Bandai Namco Music Live, film/anime and music production
2016 in Rizin Fighting Federation
The year 2016 was the second year in the history of the Rizin Fighting Federation, a mixed martial arts promotion based in Japan. The first event of the year was Rizin 1 on April 17, 2016, in Nagoya.

Rizin events are broadcast through a television agreement with Fuji Television.

Saitama (city)
Saitama (さいたま市, Saitama-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜi.ta.ma, sai.ta.maꜜ.ɕi]) is the capital and largest city of Saitama Prefecture, Japan. Its area incorporates the former cities of Urawa, Ōmiya, Yono and Iwatsuki. It is a city designated by government ordinance. As of 1 February 2021, the city had an estimated population of 1,324,854, and a population density of 6,093 people per km2 (15,781 people per sq mi). Its total area is 217.43 square kilometres (83.95 sq mi).
2017 Indonesia President's Cup
2017 Indonesia President's Cup (Indonesian: Piala Presiden 2017) was the second edition of the Indonesia President's Cup football championship, which was held by the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI). The tournament was held from 4 February to 12 March 2017. In the 2015 edition, Mahaka Sports and Entertainment designated as operator of the championship; this year's edition was held up by the control of the PSSI. This championship became a means of testing the new league rules by PSSI before being used in Liga 1 in April 2017. The broadcasting rights were granted to two television stations under Elang Mahkota Teknologi group, namely Indosiar and SCTV.

Piala Presiden (Indonesia)
Piala Presiden (English: President's Cup) is an annual pre-season association football tournament held in Indonesia and organized by the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI). The inaugural tournament was held in 2015 to fill the vacuum of the Indonesia Super League when Indonesia was suspended by FIFA for government interference and major political involvements. The most recent tournament was held in 2025.
Manuel C. Rodrigues
Manuel C. Rodrigues (1908 – 1991) was an early Goan poet and writer, who expressed himself in the English language. He was also an artist, as well as a trained singer and conductor. He is also known as Manoel C. Rodrigues.

Goans
Goans (Romi Konkani: Goenkar, Portuguese: Goeses) is the demonym used to describe the people native to Goa, India, formerly part of Portuguese India (Estado Português da Índia). They form an ethno-linguistic group resulting from the assimilation of Indo-Aryan, Dravidian, Indo-Portuguese, Austro-Asiatic ethnic and/or linguistic ancestries. They speak different dialects of the Konkani language, collectively known as Goan Konkani. "Goanese", although sometimes used, is an incorrect term for Goans.
Daithí Ó Muirí
Daithí Ó Muirí is a writer of fiction in the Irish language. He was born in County Monaghan but now lives in the Cois Fharraige district of Connemara.

Ó Muirí has published four collections of short stories and a longer work called Ré (Epoch).  He was granted a bursary of 10,000 euros by the Arts Council of Ireland to aid him in his literary work. His collection Cogaí (Wars) won an important literary prize in 2001 in the Cló Iar-Chonnacht Literary Award Competition. The adjudicators referred to the savagery and vitality of the writing.

His work has been praised for its assured and engaging style and its surrealistic atmosphere.

County Monaghan
County Monaghan (/ˈmɒnəhən/ MON-ə-hən; Irish: Contae Mhuineacháin) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Ulster and is part of Border strategic planning area of the Northern and Western Region. It is named after the town of Monaghan. Monaghan County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 65,288, according to the 2022 census.

The county has existed since 1585 when the Mac Mathghamhna rulers of Airgíalla agreed to join the Kingdom of Ireland. Following the 20th-century Irish War of Independence and the signing of the Anglo-Irish Treaty, Monaghan was one of three Ulster counties to join the Irish Free State rather than Northern Ireland.
Like a Stranger (album)
Like a Stranger is the second studio album by freestyle music singer Johnny O, released in 1990 by Micmac Records label.

Three singles were released from the album, the first of which, "Dreamboy / Dreamgirl", a duet with singer Cynthia, peaked at number 53 on the Billboard Hot 100. The singles, "We Can Not Go On This Way" and "I Just Wanna Get to Know You (If It's Alright With You)", were not as successful.

The song "Bad Mamma Jamma" is a cover of the song originally released by Carl Carlton and "Kiss & Say Goodbye" is a cover of the song originally released by The Manhattans.

The Manhattans
The Manhattans are an American R&B vocal group. Their songs "Kiss and Say Goodbye", recorded in 1976, and 1980's "Shining Star", both sold millions of copies. The Manhattans have recorded 45 hits on the Billboard R&B Chart, including twelve top-10 R&B hits in the United States, starting in 1965. Sixteen of their songs have reached the Billboard Hot 100, including two top 10s and a number-one hit with their song "Kiss and Say Goodbye". They also charted eight U.S. R&B top 20 Albums, three of which were RIAA certified gold. The Manhattans were inducted into The Atlantic City Walk of Fame in September 2024.
Peter Capell
Peter Capell (3 September 1912 – 3 March 1986) was a German actor who was active on screen from 1945 until 1985. Apart from a lengthy film career, he appeared in many television series and mini-series. He appeared in many old time radio programs including the series Dimension X.

His first role was in Winterset, shortly after the end of the Second World War. His final role came a year before his death, when he appeared in Mamas Geburtstag. Both of these were television productions. He also appeared in many films, including Willy Wonka & the Chocolate Factory (1971). Capell was also in Stanley Kubrick's 1957 war film Paths of Glory (he also narrated the film's opening sequence), co-starring Kirk Douglas.

Dimension X (radio program)
Dimension X was an NBC radio program broadcast mostly on an unsponsored, sustaining basis from April 8, 1950, to September 29, 1951. The first 13 episodes were broadcast live, and the remainder were prerecorded. Fred Wiehe and Edward King were the directors, and Norman Rose was heard as both announcer and narrator, opening the show with: "Adventures in time and space... told [or transcribed] in future tense..." For two months, beginning on July 7, 1950, the series was sponsored by Wheaties.
Basilica Aemilia
The Basilica Aemilia (Italian: Basilica Emilia), or the Basilica Paulli, was a civil basilica in the Roman Forum. Lucius Aemilius Paullus initiated its construction, but the building was completed by his son, Paullus Aemilius Lepidus, in 34 BCE. Under Augustus, it was reconstructed in 22 CE and was described by Pliny as one of the most beautiful examples of Roman architecture. Today, only fragments of the floorplan and colonnade remain, but a sculptural frieze from the basilica's interior was partially reconstructed and is now on display in the cloister of Santa Francesca Romana.

Colonnade
In classical architecture, a colonnade is a long sequence of columns joined by their entablature, often free-standing, or part of a building. Paired or multiple pairs of columns are normally employed in a colonnade which can be straight or curved. The space enclosed may be covered or open. In St. Peter's Square in Rome, Bernini's great colonnade encloses a vast open elliptical space.

When in front of a building, screening the door (Latin porta), it is called a portico. When enclosing an open court, a peristyle. A portico may be more than one rank of columns deep, as at the Pantheon in Rome or the stoae of Ancient Greece.

When the intercolumniation is alternately wide and narrow, a colonnade may be termed "araeosystyle" (Gr. αραιος, "widely spaced", and συστυλος, "with columns set close together"), as in the case of the western porch of St Paul's Cathedral and the east front of the Louvre.
Mark Brotherhood
Mark Brotherhood (born 1976) is a British screenwriter known for Ludwig (2024), Mount Pleasant (2011) and Death in Paradise (2011).

Before becoming a screenwriter, he worked in a call centre.

Ludwig won Best Comedy at the International Emmys 2025 and Best Comedy Programme at the Broadcast Awards 2025.

Mount Pleasant (TV series)
Mount Pleasant is a British comedy drama which first aired on Sky One on 24 August 2011. The show moved to Sky Living in 2012, before moving back to Sky 1 in 2015. The show ended in a 90 minute special on 30 June 2017.
Robert Lassalvy
Robert Lassalvy (1932-2001) was a French editorial cartoonist, caricaturist and painter born in Cournonterral (Hérault).

Known for his saucy humor and ultra sexy pin-ups, his caricatures are mainly related to human sexuality.

From "Ici Paris" to "Playboy", from "Lui" to "La Vie Catholique", his cartoons have been published in the French and international press for over 50 years.

As of 1997, he also made many paintings from cubism genre.

Considered as one of the great cartoonists of his generation, he was appointed knight of Arts and Letters on January 1, 2000.

In January 2020, a covered market bearing his name is inaugurated in his native village, Cournonterral.

Ici Paris
Ici Paris is a French magazine, founded in 1941. During World War II it was a journal of the resistance with editors such as Raymond Burgard, Émile Coornaert, Suzanne Feingold, Marietta Martin, Henri de Montfort and Paul Petit. In 1986 it had a circulation of 700,000 copies and in 2006, a more modest circulation of 405,000 copies.

The magazine is also sold in Algeria and at the beginning of the 1970s it was one of the best-selling weeklies in the country.

In 2003 on the occasion of a strike event of intermittents du spectacle (during Star Academy season 3), Acrimed comments with irony how Ici Paris reported it, and compared the strikers to hostage takers, putting thus casts doubt on the apoliticism displayed by Ici Paris.

In 2019, Hachette sold Ici Paris and other magazines to Czech Media Invest, parent of Czech News Center.
Saru River
Saru River (沙流川, Saru-gawa) is a river in Hokkaido, Japan.

The Saru River rises in the Hidaka Mountains and empties into the Pacific. It is considered sacred in traditional Ainu beliefs.

The Nibutani Dam is situated on the Saru River, at Nibutani village. The construction of this dam was the subject of famous domestic litigation, producing the first ever Japanese legal decision to recognise the Ainu people as an indigenous people. Construction of a second dam, the Biratori Dam is also planned by the Hokkaido Development Board. The 'Cultural Landscape along the Saru River resulting from Ainu Tradition and Modern Settlement' has been designated an Important Cultural Landscape.

Hidaka Mountains
The Hidaka Mountains (日高山脈, Hidaka-sanmyaku) are a mountain range in southeastern Hokkaido, Japan. It runs 150 km (93 mi) from Mount Sahoro or Karikachi Pass in central Hokkaidō south, running into the sea at Cape Erimo. It consists of folded mountains that range from 1,500 to 2,000 m (4,921 to 6,562 ft) in height. Mount Poroshiri is the highest at 2,053 m (6,736 ft). The Hidaka Mountains separate the subprefectures of Hidaka and Tokachi. Most of the range lies in the Hidakasanmyaku-Erimo-Tokachi National Park (日高山脈襟裳十勝国立公園, Hidaka-sanmyaku-Erimo-Tokachi Kokuritsu-kōen). Since the mountain range lies so far north, the alpine climate zone lies at a lower altitude.