hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kuakata National Park
Kuakata National Park (Bengali: কুয়াকাটা জাতীয় উদ্যান) is IUCN Category II national park and nature reserve in Bangladesh. The park is located at Kalapara Upazila under Patuakhali District. It has been declared as one of the safe zones for vultures as per the Vulture Safe Zone-2 Schedule of the government of Bangladesh.

The park was officially declared as a national park by the government of Bangladesh on 24 October 2010 for the purpose of conservation of flora, fauna, nature and development of tourism facilities. It covers an area of 1613 hectares.

Vulture
A vulture is a bird of prey that scavenges on carrion. There are 23 extant species of vulture (including condors). Old World vultures include 16 living species native to Europe, Africa, and Asia; New World vultures are restricted to North and South America and consist of seven species.
A particular characteristic of many vultures is a bald, unfeathered head. This bare skin is thought to keep the head clean when feeding, and also plays an important role in thermoregulation.

Vultures have been observed to hunch their bodies and tuck in their heads in the cold, and open their wings and stretch their necks in the heat. They also urinate on themselves as a means of cooling their bodies.

A group of vultures in flight is called a "kettle", while the term "committee" refers to a group of vultures resting on the ground or in trees. A group of vultures that are feeding is termed a "wake".
Alexander Morrison (politician)
Alexander Morrison (January 15, 1851 – January 24, 1930) was a Canadian farmer and politician.

Born in Kemptville, Canada West, the son of William Morrison and Elizabeth Morrow, Morrison attended public school and then became a farmer in Homewood, Manitoba. He was Reeve of the Rural Municipality of Dufferin for six years before being elected to the House of Commons of Canada for Macdonald in a 1912 by-election. After the election was declared void in 1913, he was re-elected in the resulting by-election. A Conservative, he did not run for re-election in 1917. He died in 1930 in Carman, Manitoba.

Homewood, Manitoba
Homewood is an unincorporated community in south central Manitoba, Canada. It is located approximately 10 kilometers (6 miles) east of Carman, Manitoba  in the Rural Municipality of Dufferin.  The privately owned and operated Homewood Airport is located near the community.
Trenton Central High School West
Trenton Central High School West was a four-year comprehensive public high school that serves students in ninth through twelfth grades from Trenton, in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States, operating as part of the Trenton Public Schools.

As of the 2015-16 school year, the school had an enrollment of 679 students and 64.1 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 10.6:1. There were 524 students (77.2% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 45 (6.6% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch. The school has a chronic absence rate of 48.0% as of the 2015-16 school year.

The school building is no longer a high school as it is now the Arthur J. Holland Middle School.

Trenton Public Schools
The Trenton Public Schools is a community public school district, serving students in pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade from Trenton, in Mercer County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The district is one of 31 former Abbott districts statewide that were established pursuant to the decision by the New Jersey Supreme Court in Abbott v. Burke which are now referred to as "SDA Districts" based on the requirement for the state to cover all costs for school building and renovation projects in these districts under the supervision of the New Jersey Schools Development Authority.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the district, comprised of 25 schools, had an enrollment of 15,459 students and 976.4 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 15.8:1. The district was the sixth-largest in the state in 2025.
Edith Emerald Johns
Edith Emerald Johns (Winnebago name: Patche-Ka-Danga) also Edith Big Fire Johns (1915–1999) Winnebago-Nez Perce was an American nurse and community leader in the Chicago area in the mid-20th century. She was one of the founding staff of the Native American Educational Services College and was inducted into the Chicago Women's Hall of Fame and the Chicago Senior Citizens Hall of Fame.

Ho-Chunk language
The Ho-Chunk language (Hoocąk, Hocąk), also known as Winnebago, is the language of the Ho-Chunk people of the Ho-Chunk Nation of Wisconsin and Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska. The language is part of the Siouan language family and is closely related to other Chiwere Siouan dialects, including those of the Iowa, Missouria, and Otoe.

"Winnebago", a name now used for the Ho-Chunk who were forcibly removed to Nebraska, is an exonym, an Anglicization of the Sauk and Fox word Oinepegi. The anglicized form of the endonym is "Ho-Chunk".
Brazos, Texas
Brazos is an unincorporated community and census designated place (CDP) in southeastern Palo Pinto County, Texas, United States. The community is on the Brazos River approximately seven miles south of Mineral Wells.

Brazos River
The Brazos River (/ˈbræzəs/ ⓘ BRAZ-əs, Spanish: [ˈbɾasos]), called the Río de los Brazos de Dios (translated as "The River of the Arms of God") by early Spanish explorers, is the 14th-longest river in the United States at 1,280 miles (2,060 km) from its headwater source at the head of Blackwater Draw, Roosevelt County, New Mexico to its mouth at the Gulf of Mexico with a 45,000-square-mile (116,000 km2) drainage basin.

The river is closely associated with Texas history, particularly the Austin settlement and Texas Revolution eras. Today major Texas institutions such as Texas Tech University, Baylor University, and Texas A&M University are located close to the river's basin, as are parts of metropolitan Houston.
A Minor Leap Down
A Minor Leap Down (Persian: پریدن از ارتفاع کم, romanized: Paridan Az Ertefa-e Kam) is a 2015 Iranian drama film directed and written by Hamed Rajabi. It had its world premiere at the 65th Berlin International Film Festival in February 2015.

The film was released on March 18, 2015, in Iran theatrically.

Negar Javaherian
Negar Javaherian (Persian: نگار جواهریان; born January 12, 1983) is an Iranian actress. She is best known for her acting in Gold and Copper (2010), Here Without Me (2011), A Cube of Sugar (2011) and The Painting Pool (2013). She has received various accolades, including a Crystal Simorgh, two Iran Cinema Celebration Awards and an Iran's Film Critics and Writers Association Award, in addition to nominations for two Hafez Awards.
Josef Kott and Michael Kutílek
Josef Kott (born 7 December 1957 in Rakovník) and Michael Kutílek (23 February 1951 in Prague – 15 March 2017) were a pair of Czech spree killers who, in the course of 26 hours, murdered four people and injured one (one of the victims was murdered before the spree). Both were later sentenced to life imprisonment. The two men are considered the first spree killers in the history of the post-communist Czech Republic. Three of these killings were committed just as the death penalty was abolished in the country on May 2, 1990.

Spree killer
A spree killer is someone who commits a criminal act that involves two or more murders in a short time, often in multiple locations. There are differing opinions about what durations of time a killing spree may take place in. The United States Bureau of Justice Statistics has spoken of "almost no time break between murders", but some academics consider that a killing spree may last weeks or months, e.g. the case of Andrew Cunanan, who murdered five people over three months, including fashion designer Gianni Versace.
Vorderseespitze
The Vorderseespitze is a mountain in the Lechtal Alps, Tyrol, Austria. At 2,889 m (AA) it is the eighth highest peak in the Lechtal Alps. The Lech Valley Ridgeway (Lechtaler Höhenweg) runs over its southeastern flank from Kaiserjochhaus to the Ansbacher Hut. According to the literature it was first climbed in 1855 by locals from Kaisers in the Lech Valley.

Metres above the Adriatic
Metres above the Adriatic (Italian: Metri sopra l'Adriatico, German: Meter über Adria, Serbo-Croatian: Metara iznad Jadrana) is the vertical datum used in Albania, Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, and Slovenia to measure elevation, referring to the average water level of the Adriatic Sea at the Sartorio mole in the Port of Trieste.
Roger M. Spanswick
Roger Morgan Spanswick (June 24, 1939 – February 12, 2014) was a Professor of Biological and Environmental Engineering at Cornell University and an important figure in the history of plant membrane biology.

Membrane biology
Membrane biology is the study of the biological and physiochemical characteristics of membranes, with applications in the study of cellular physiology.

Membrane bioelectrical impulses are described by the Hodgkin cycle.
Hou Fengqi
Hou Fengqi (simplified Chinese: 侯凤岐; traditional Chinese: 侯鳳岐; pinyin: Hòu Fèngqí; born March 1962) is a former Chinese politician who spent most of his career in the cities of Bayannur and Wuhai, in north China's Inner Mongolia. He was investigated by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection in November 2015. Previously he served as Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary of Wuhai. In October 2017, he was sentenced to 17 years for accepting bribes and holding a huge amount of property from an unidentified source.

North China
North China (Chinese: 华北) is a geographical region of the People's Republic of China, consisting of five provincial-level administrative divisions, namely the direct-administered municipalities Beijing and Tianjin, the provinces Hebei and Shanxi, and the autonomous region Inner Mongolia (although the four prefectures east of the Greater Khingan Range are sometimes regarded as parts of Northeast China).

Part of the larger region of Northern China (Beifang), it lies north of the Qinling–Huaihe Line, with its heartland in the North China Plain. Most inhabitants here speak variants of Northern Chinese languages such as Mandarin, which includes the  Beijing dialect and its cousin variants. The Beijing dialect is largely the basis of Standard Chinese (or Standard Mandarin), the official language of the People's Republic of China. Jin Chinese and Mongolian are also widely spoken due to the political and cultural history of the area.
Kavaklıdere, Bornova
Kavaklıdere is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Bornova, İzmir Province, Turkey. Its population is 3,164 (2022). It is 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) east of Bornova which is a part of Greater İzmir. It is situated  to the south of Belkahve Pass and Turkish state highway D.300 which connects İzmir to Ankara. Most of Kavaklıdere residents work in city services in İzmir and elsewhere.

İzmir Province
İzmir Province (Turkish: İzmir ili) is a province and metropolitan municipality of Turkey in western Anatolia, situated along the Aegean coast. Its capital is the city of İzmir, which is in itself composed of the province's central 11 districts out of 30 in total. To the west, it is surrounded by the Aegean Sea, and it encloses the Gulf of Izmir. Its area is 11,891 square kilometres (4,591 square miles), and its population is 4,462,056 (2022). Neighboring provinces are Balıkesir to the north, Manisa to the east, and Aydın to the south. The traffic code of the province is 35.

Major rivers of the province include the Küçük Menderes river, Koca Çay (with Güzelhisar dam), and Bakırçay.
Combat readiness
Combat readiness is a condition of the armed forces and their constituent units and formations, warships, aircraft, weapon systems or other military technology and equipment to perform during combat military operations, or functions consistent with the purpose for which they are organized or designed, or the managing of resources and personnel training in preparation for combat.

Different armed forces maintain different levels of readiness for the troops to engage in combat, varying from minutes to months; economic considerations are a major factor in explaining the variation.

Military operation
A military operation (op) is the coordinated military actions of a state, or a non-state actor, in response to a developing situation. These actions are designed as a military plan to resolve the situation in the state or actor's favor. Operations may be of a combat or non-combat nature and may be referred to by a code name for the purpose of national security. Military operations are often known for their more generally accepted common usage names than their actual operational objectives.
Provinces of Argentina
Argentina has 23 provinces (Spanish: provincias, singular provincia) and one autonomous city, Buenos Aires, which serves as the federal capital, as determined by Congress.

The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions and exist under a federal system.

Province
A province is an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman provincia, which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outside Italy. The term province has since been adopted by many countries. In some countries with no actual provinces, "the provinces" is a metaphorical term meaning "outside the capital city".

While some provinces were produced artificially by colonial powers, others were formed around local groups with their own ethnic identities. Many have their own powers independent of central or federal authority, especially in Canada and Turkey. In other countries, like China or France, provinces are the creation of central government, with very little autonomy.
Minerva Bloom
Minerva Bloom was a bilingual poet and nature photographer born in 1959 in Tinguindin, Michoacán a small town nestled in the Sierra Madre Mountains of Mexico. She had living and is a citizen of the US, since 1983 and writes poetry both in English and her native Spanish language. She lived in the state of Florida.

Minerva Bloom published books of photography, poetry, and naval history, and contributed for several international poetry and art anthologies. In the years 1999 and 2000 she worked with Nobel Prize candidate Marcia Theophilo in the translation of selected poems. Her nature photography has been chosen by several international poetry authors for their book covers. On the Internet, her contributions can be found at several journals and literary zines dedicated to the art of haiga and haiku.

Minerva Bloom died February 20, 2018.

Nature photography
Nature photography encompasses a wide range of photography taken outdoors and devoted to displaying natural elements such as landscapes, wildlife, plants, and close-ups of natural scenes and textures. Nature photography tends to place a stronger emphasis on the aesthetic value of the photo than other photography genres, such as photojournalism and documentary photography.

"Nature photography" overlaps the fields of—and is sometimes considered an overarching category including—"wildlife photography", "landscape photography", and "garden photography".

Nature photographs are published in scientific, travel and cultural magazines such as National Geographic Magazine, National Wildlife Magazine and Audubon Magazine or other more specific magazines such as Outdoor Photographer and Nature's Best Photography. Well known nature photographers include Ansel Adams, Eliot Porter, Frans Lanting, Galen Rowell, and Art Wolfe.
Theodor Gruber
Theodor Gruber, was an Austrian chess player.

In 1921, Theodor Gruber took the 2nd place in the Vienna Amateur Chess Championship. In 1922, in Bad Oeynhausen he participated in German Chess Congress and shared 8th - 10th place. In 1923, in Vienna Theodor Gruber participated in first Carl Schlechter Memorial Tournament.

Theodor Gruber played for Austria in the Chess Olympiad:

In 1927, at reserve board in the 1st Chess Olympiad in London (+2, =7, -3).

German Chess Championship
The German Chess Championship has been played since 1861, and determines the national champion. Prior to 1880, three different federations organized chess activities in Germany: the Westdeutscher Schachbund (WDSB), the Norddeutscher Schachbund (NDSB) and the Mitteldeutscher Schachbund (MDSB). Each one organized its own championship. In 1880, the nationwide Deutscher Schachbund was founded, so afterwards only one German championship was played.

Starting from 1933, the Nazi Party took control of all social activities and until 1943 all chess championships were organized by the Großdeutscher Schachbund. After the end of World War II, separate championships were played in the occupied zones. Afterwards, from 1950 to 1989, two national championships were held in the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic. After the reunification of Germany in 1989, a single tournament has been played.
Carroll's paradox
In physics, Carroll's paradox arises when considering the motion of a  falling rigid rod that is specially constrained.  Considered one way, the angular momentum stays constant; considered in a different way, it changes. It is named after Michael M. Carroll who first published it in 1984.

American Journal of Physics
The American Journal of Physics is a monthly, peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Association of Physics Teachers and the American Institute of Physics. The editor-in-chief is Beth Parks of Colgate University.
Loznitsa Municipality
Loznitsa Municipality (Bulgarian: Община Лозница) is a municipality (obshtina) in Razgrad Province, Northeastern Bulgaria, located in the Danubian Plain. It is named after its administrative centre - the town of Loznitsa.

The municipality embraces a territory of 249.48 km2 (96.32 sq mi) with a population of 9,732 inhabitants, as of December 2009.

The area contains the Beli Lom Reservoir, developed along the river of the same name. The main road II-49 crosses the municipality from north to south connecting the province centre of Razgrad with the city of Targovishte and respectevly the Danube Bridge with the Kotel pass in the eastern Stara planina mountain.

Danube Bridge
The Danube Bridge (also known as the Friendship Bridge; Bulgarian: Мост на дружбата, Most na druzhbata or, more commonly, Дунав мост, Dunav most; Romanian: Podul Prieteniei or Podul de la Giurgiu) is a steel truss bridge over the Danube River connecting the Bulgarian bank to the south with the Romanian bank to the north and the cities of Ruse and Giurgiu respectively. 
It is one of only two bridges connecting Romania and Bulgaria, the other one being the New Europe Bridge between the cities of Vidin and Calafat.
Kingsley Sarfo
Kingsley Kofi Sarfo (born 13 February 1995) is a Ghanaian professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Uzbekistan Super League club Dinamo Samarqand. He earned one cap for the Ghana national team in 2017.

Superettan
Superettan (Swedish pronunciation: [ˈsʉ̂ːpɛrˌɛtːan]; lit. 'the Super First (Division)') is an association football league and the second highest league in the league system of Swedish men's football. Contested by 16 clubs, it operates on a system of promotion and relegation with Allsvenskan and Division 1. Seasons run from April to October, with teams playing 30 matches each, totalling 240 matches in the season.

The league was created in 2000. The second tier of Swedish football had previously consisted of a varying number of regionalized leagues operating under the Division 2 (1924–1986) and Division 1 (1987–1999) names.
Katpana Desert
The Katpana Desert (Biang-a Naqpo), known also as Katpana Biang-a or Cold Desert,  is a high-altitude desert located in Skardu Valley in District Skardu, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. The desert contains large sand dunes that are sometimes covered in snow during the winters. Situated at an elevation of 2,226 metres (7,303 ft) above sea level, the Katpana Cold Desert is one of the highest deserts in the world. While the desert technically stretches from the banks of Indus River in the south of Skardu to New Ranga Village in the north, the portion of the desert that is most frequented by tourists is located near Katpana Lake close to Skardu Airport.

Skardu International Airport
Skardu International Airport (IATA: KDU, ICAO: OPSD) is an international airport located on the outskirts of Skardu 9.2 km (5.7 mi) from the city center and serves the Skardu District. It is the busiest airport in Pakistan's Gilgit-Baltistan region.

It is adjacent to Qadri airbase, a Pakistan Air Force FOB base which shares the main runway with the airport.

In June 2025, the government was reportedly moving towards a Rs 180 million upgrade of Skardu International Airport.
Liu Yuanjie
Liu Yuanjie (Chinese: 刘远节; born 24 March 1937) is a lieutenant general in the People's Liberation Army of China who served as political commissar of the PLA Guangdong Military District from 1994 to 1998.

Liu was a representative of the 14th and 15th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party.

15th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party
The 15th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party was held in Beijing between September 12 and 18, 1997. It was preceded by the 14th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party and was followed by the 16th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. 2,048 delegates and 60 specially invited delegates represented the party's estimated 59 million members.

The congress elected a 344-member 15th CCP Central Committee, as well as a 115-member Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI). This change in membership made the new average age of the CCP 55 and percentage of members holding university or college level education 92.4%. Jiang Zemin was reappointed CCP General Secretary and Chairman of the Central Military Commission.
Passover, Missouri
Passover is an unincorporated community in Camden County, in the U.S. state of Missouri. The location is on a narrow peninsula, jutting north into the Grandglaize Creek Arm in the southeastern portion of the Lake of the Ozarks. The community is approximately three miles north of Missouri Route A on a county road.

Lake of the Ozarks
Lake of the Ozarks is a reservoir created by impounding the Osage River in the northern part of the Ozarks in central Missouri. Parts of three smaller tributaries to the Osage are included in the impoundment: the Niangua River, Grandglaize Creek, and Gravois Creek. The lake has a surface area of 54,000 acres (220 km2) and 1,150 miles (1,850 km) of shoreline. The main channel of the Osage Arm stretches 92 miles (148 km) from one end to the other.  The total drainage area is over 14,000 square miles (36,000 km2).  The lake's serpentine shape has earned it the nickname "the Missouri Dragon", which has, in turn, inspired the names of local institutions such as the Magic Dragon Street Meet.
GRANI Center
Civic Analysis and Independent Research Center “GRANI” (Russian: Фонд «Центр гражданского анализа и независимых исследований „ГРАНИ“»; commonly the GRANI Center) is a nonprofit organization based in Perm, Russia, known for research and expert support for civil society groups and for public controversy in the 2010s linked to Russia’s “foreign agent” NGO register.

Foreign agent
A foreign agent is any person or entity actively carrying out the interests of a foreign principal while located in another host country, generally outside the protections offered to those working in their official capacity for a diplomatic mission.

Foreign agents may be citizens of the host country. In contemporary English, the term has a generally pejorative connotation, reinforced by its use in the US laws aimed to curb the foreign influence. A covert foreign agent, also known as a secret agent of a foreign government, may in some countries be presumed to be engaging in espionage.