hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Qi Jiguang
Qi Jiguang (Chinese: 戚繼光; pinyin: Qī Jìguāng; Wade–Giles: Ch'i1 Chi4-Kuang1, November 12, 1528 – January 17, 1588), courtesy name Yuanjing, art names Nantang and Mengzhu, posthumous name Wuyi, was a Chinese military general and writer of the Ming dynasty. He is best known for leading the defense on the coastal regions against wokou pirate activities in the 16th century, as well as for the reinforcement of the Great Wall of China. Qi is also known for writing the military manuals Jixiao Xinshu and Lianbing Shiji or Record of Military Training (練兵實紀), which he based on his experience as a martial educator and defensive planner in the Ming military forces. He is regarded as a hero in Chinese culture.

Altan Khan
Altan Khan (2 January 1508 – 13 January 1582; Mongolian: ᠠᠯᠲᠠᠨ ᠬᠠᠨ, Алтан хан; Chinese: 阿勒坦汗), whose given name was Anda (Mongolian: Аньда; Chinese: 俺答), was the leader of the Tümed Mongols, the de facto ruler of the Right Wing, or western tribes, of the Mongols. He was the grandson of Dayan Khan (1464–1543), a descendant of Kublai Khan (1215–1294). Altan Khan managed to unite a tribal league between the Khalkha Mongols in the north and the Chahars (Tsakhars) to the east. He later swore allegiance to the Ming dynasty of China as the Shunyi prince and became a patron of the Gelug Tibetan Buddhists.
Nurettin Ersin
Nurettin Ersin (1918 – 3 October 2005) was a Turkish general. He was the Commander of the 6th Corps during the 1974 invasion of Cyprus, and the Commander of the Turkish Army during the 1980 Turkish coup d'état. After the coup he was a member of the Presidential Council, and was Chief of the General Staff of Turkey in the second half of 1983.

Ersin, who was born in Çanakkale, was also head of the National Intelligence Organization (2 August 1971 – 25 July 1973), Secretary General of the National Security Council (5 January 1976 – 30 August 1977), and  Commander of the First Army of Turkey (30 August 1977 – 8 March 1978).

Çanakkale
Çanakkale (Turkish: [tʃaˈnakkale] ⓘ), formerly known in English as Dardanelles, is a city and seaport in Turkey on the southern shore of the Dardanelles at their narrowest point. It is the seat of Çanakkale Province and Çanakkale District. Its population is 143,622 (2021).

Çanakkale is the nearest major urban centre to the ancient city of Troy, which (together with the ancient region of the Troad) is also located inside Çanakkale Province. The wooden horse from the 2004 film Troy is exhibited on the Çanakkale waterfront.

Today Çanakkale is the main base for visits to the ruins of Troy and to the First World War cemeteries at Gallipoli. Particularly around 18 March and 25 April (Anzac Day) when there are major celebrations of the events of the war the town is heavily visited.

Çanakkale Airport is 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from the city centre. AnadoluJet and Borajet have daily flights from Istanbul and Ankara. Intercity buses run to Bursa, Istanbul and İzmir.
Curtis Boyd
Curtis Boyd (born June 9, 1940, New York City) is an American jazz drummer. He was educated at the Chicago Conservatory of Music and the Brooklyn Academy of Music. He began to perform in the 1950s and has worked with performers such as Cedar Walton, Julian Priester, Wynton Kelly, Frank Strozier, Kenny Dorham, Chick Corea, Gloria Lynne, Ronnell Bright, Carmen McRae (with whom he recorded the album Bittersweet with), and Joe Williams. He became known in particular through his involvement in Billy Taylor's band in the 1980s. He was the drummer for the Freddy Cole Quartet.

Joe Williams (jazz singer)
Joe Williams (born Joseph Goreed; December 12, 1918 – March 29, 1999) was an American jazz singer. He sang with big bands, such as the Count Basie Orchestra and the Lionel Hampton Orchestra, and with small combos. He sang in two films with the Basie orchestra and sometimes worked as an actor.
2019 British Touring Car Championship
The 2019 Kwik Fit British Touring Car Championship (commonly abbreviated as BTCC) was a motor racing championship for production-based touring cars held across England and Scotland. The championship featured a mix of professional motor racing teams and privately funded amateur drivers competing in highly modified versions of family cars which are sold to the general public and conform to the technical regulations for the championship. The 2019 season was the 62nd British Touring Car Championship season and the ninth season for cars conforming to the Next Generation Touring Car (NGTC) technical specification. Colin Turkington successfully defended his title to equal Andy Rouse as the only four time BTCC Champions.

Kwik Fit
Kwik Fit is a car servicing and repair company in the United Kingdom. As of September 2025, there are over six hundred Kwik Fit locations in the United Kingdom. Kwik Fit also has locations in continental Europe.
Clayton Thomas-Müller
Clayton Thomas-Müller is a Cree activist and writer from Canada, most noted for his memoir Life in the City of Dirty Water.

A member of the Mathias Colomb First Nation, he was raised primarily in Winnipeg, Manitoba. He began his activist work by doing gang intervention work in his teens, before expanding into environmental and indigenous rights activism.

Life in the City of Dirty Water, published in 2021, shares its name with a short documentary film by Thomas-Müller and Spencer Mann which premiered at the 2019 Hot Docs Canadian International Documentary Festival. The book was selected for the 2022 edition of Canada Reads, where it was defended by Suzanne Simard.

Mathias Colomb First Nation
The Mathias Colomb Cree Nation (MCCN) (Cree: ᐸᑲᑕᐚᑲᐣ, pukatawâkan)—also known as Mathias Colomb First Nation, Mathias Colomb (Cree) First Nation, and Pukatawagan/Mathias Colomb Cree Nation—is a remote First Nations community in northern Manitoba, located 210 km (130 mi) north of The Pas and 819 km (509 mi) northwest of Winnipeg, Manitoba.

It had two reserves under its jurisdiction, part of Treaty 6. The main community is at Indian Reserve 198 (Pukatawagan 198) in Pukatawagan, consisting of 1,536.6 ha (15.366 km2; 5.933 mi2) on the shore of Pukatawagan Lake, and lying about 210 km (130 mi) north of The Pas. The second reserve, Highrock reserve (Indian Reserve No. 199) (CSD), located on Highrock Lake, 30 km (19 mi) downstream from Pukatawagan, was dissolved by 2006.
Ebrima (typeface)
Ebrima is an OpenType font designed to support African writing systems. It was created by Microsoft and is part of the Windows 7 operating system. It supports advanced OpenType features such as combining diacritics positioning. Its Latin alphabet is based on the Segoe font.

Segoe
Segoe (/səˈɡoʊ/ sə-GOH) is a typeface, or family of fonts, that is best known for its use by Microsoft. The company uses Segoe in its online and printed marketing materials, including recent logos for a number of products. Additionally, the Segoe UI font sub-family is used by numerous Microsoft applications, and may be installed by applications (such as Microsoft Office and Windows Live Messenger). It was adopted as Microsoft's default operating system font, and is also used on Outlook.com, Microsoft's web-based email service. On August 23, 2012, Microsoft unveiled its new corporate logo typeset in Segoe, replacing the logo it had used for the previous 25 years.

The Segoe name is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation, although the typeface was originally developed by Monotype.
Edward W. Piotrowski
Edward W. Piotrowski (born 1955 in Rybnik, Poland) is head of the Applied Mathematics Group at the University of Białystok, Poland. He is notable for the analysis of quantum strategies, showing connections between the Kelly criterion, thermodynamics, and special theory of relativity. In the area of econophysics, he discovered extremal properties of fixed point profits of elementary merchant tactics. He has published in the areas of statistical physics, quantum game theory, and econophysics.

Special relativity
In physics, the special theory of relativity, or special relativity for short, is a scientific theory of the relationship between space and time. In Albert Einstein's 1905 paper, 
"On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies", the theory is presented as being based on just two postulates:

The laws of physics are invariant (identical) in all inertial frames of reference (that is, frames of reference with no acceleration). This is known as the principle of relativity.

The speed of light in vacuum is the same for all observers, regardless of the motion of light source or observer. This is known as the principle of light constancy, or the principle of light speed invariance.

The first postulate was first formulated by Galileo Galilei (see Galilean invariance).
Gopal Sharma
Gopal Sharma pronunciationⓘ (born 3 August 1960) is a former Indian cricketer who played in five Test matches and 11 One Day Internationals from 1985 to 1990. He was an off-spinner but was overshadowed by the spinners of the day for a place in the international squad – Laxman Sivaramakrishnan, Maninder Singh, Arshad Ayub, Shivlal Yadav, Ravi Shastri and Narendra Hirwani.

He was the first person from Uttar Pradesh to represent India post-independence. He was a member of the India Selection Committee representing the Central Zone in 2004/05 season.

Off spin
Off spin is a type of spin bowling in cricket. A bowler who uses this technique is called an off spinner. Off spinners bowl with their right-arm and a  finger spin action. Their normal delivery is called an off break, which spins from left to right (from the bowler's perspective) when the ball bounces on the pitch. For a right-handed batter, the ball breaks towards them from the off side, hence the name 'off break'.

Off spinners bowl mostly off breaks, varying them by adjusting the line and length of the deliveries. Off spinners also bowl other types of delivery, which spin differently. Aside from these variations in spin, varying the speed, length and flight of the ball are also important for the off spinner.

The bowler with the most wickets in the history of both Test matches and ODIs, Muttiah Muralitharan, was an off spinner.
Dahlemer Binz Airfield
Dahlemer Binz Airfield (German: Flugplatz Dahlemer Binz) is a public general aviation airfield in the Eifel mountains of Germany. It is located in the municipality of Dahlem, about 35 kilometres southwest of Euskirchen.

The airfield is licensed for:

Powered aircraft (incl. helicopters) up to 5,700 kg flying weight (Fluggewicht)

Motor gliders

Gliders, both winched and towed

Microlights

Hot air balloons

Parachuting

Parachuting
Parachuting and skydiving are methods of descending from altitude  to the surface using the power of gravity, and a parachute.

The three phases of parachuting are freefall, parachute deployment and landing.
Skydiving takes place during the freefall phase where the parachute has not yet been deployed and the body accelerates to terminal velocity.
Widewater, Virginia
Widewater is an unincorporated community in Stafford County, in the U.S. state of Virginia.  Located on the banks of the Potomac River, it was the site of the flight experiments by Samuel Langley during the late 19th and early 20th century.  It was a stop on the Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad which was replaced by CSX Transportation.

Stafford County, Virginia
Stafford County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. It is approximately 40 miles (64 km) south of Washington, D.C. It is part of the Northern Virginia region, and the D.C area. It is one of the fastest-growing and highest-income counties in America. As of the 2020 United States census, the population sits at 156,927. Its county seat is Stafford.

Located across the Rappahannock River from the City of Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania County, Stafford County is part of the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area. In 2006, and again in 2009, Stafford was ranked by Forbes magazine as the 11th highest-income county in the United States. According to a Census Bureau report released in 2019, Stafford County is currently the sixth highest-income county in America.
Beryozka, Kursk Oblast
Beryozka (Russian: Берёзка) is a rural locality (Russian: деревня, lit. 'village') in Novoposelenovsky Selsoviet Rural Settlement, Kursky District, Kursk Oblast, Russia. Population:  181 (2010 census); 202 (2002 census);

Kursky District, Kursk Oblast
Kursky District (Russian: Ку́рский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-eight in Kursk Oblast, Russia. It is located in the center of the oblast. The area of the district is 1,657.29 square kilometers (639.88 sq mi). Its administrative center is the city of Kursk (which is not administratively a part of the district). Population: 54,521 (2021 Census); 54,778 (2010 Census);  56,494 (2002 Census); 56,701 (1989 Soviet census).
Tarragona (DO)
Tarragona is a Spanish Denominación de Origen Protegida (DOP) (Denominació d'Origen Protegida in Catalan) for Catalan wines, located in the province of Tarragona (Catalonia, Spain) and covers two distinct areas: the Camp de Tarragona and the Ribera d'Ebre comarca (district).

Climate categories in viticulture
In viticulture, the climates of wine regions are categorised based on the overall characteristics of the area's climate during the growing season. While variations in macroclimate are acknowledged, the climates of most wine regions are categorised (somewhat loosely based on the Köppen climate classification) as being part of a Mediterranean (for example Tuscany), maritime (ex: Bordeaux) or continental climate (ex: Columbia Valley). The majority of the world's premium wine production takes place in one of these three climate categories in locations between the 30th parallel and 50th parallel in both the Northern Hemisphere and Southern Hemisphere. While viticulture does exist in some tropical climates, most notably Brazil, the amount of quality wine production in those areas is so small that the climate effect has not been as extensively studied as other categories.
There Grows a Bonnie Brier Bush
There Grows a Bonnie Brier Bush, originally The Bonnie Brier Bush, is a traditional Scottish music folk song. It was included with expanded lyrics in Burns' Scots Musical Museum in 1797. Ian Maclaren included part of the song lyrics in the preface to his bestselling collection of stories set in Scotland, Beside the Bonnie Brier Bush (1894). A series of theatrical versions and the 1921 film  The Bonnie Brier Bush followed.

The song notes the country kailyard (kale yard).

Kale
Kale (/keɪl/), also called leaf cabbage, belongs to a group of cabbage (Brassica oleracea) cultivars primarily grown for their edible leaves, but it is also used as an ornamental plant. Its multiple different cultivars vary quite a bit in appearance; the leaves can be bumpy, curly, or flat, and the color ranges from purple to green.
Lismore railway station
Lismore railway station is a heritage-listed former station on the Murwillumbah line at Lismore, New South Wales, Australia, which opened in 1894 and was closed in 2004. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.

NSW TrainLink coach services to Casino and Tweed Heads stop in the station forecourt. The old line through the station is part of a rail trail.

NSW TrainLink
NSW TrainLink is a regional train and coach operator in Australia, providing services throughout New South Wales and into the Australian Capital Territory, Victoria, Queensland and South Australia. Its primary services are spread across five major rail lines, operating out of Sydney.

NSW TrainLink was formed on 1 July 2013 when RailCorp was restructured and CountryLink was merged with the intercity services of CityRail.

Announced in May 2025, following extensive negotiations, it has been agreed that Sydney Trains and NSW TrainLink will become one entity during the life of the new three-year enterprise agreement pending membership approval.
Evektor-Aerotechnik
Evektor-Aerotechnik  is a Czech aircraft manufacturer based in Kunovice, Czech Republic. The company produces a range of light sport aircraft, training, advanced ultralight aircraft and electric aircraft.

Evektor-Aerotechnik is also developing a 9–14 passenger, twin engine turboprop airplane, the EV-55 Outback.

Light-sport aircraft
A light-sport aircraft (LSA), or light sport aircraft, is a category of small, lightweight aircraft that are simple to fly. LSAs tend to be heavier and more sophisticated than ultralight (aka "microlight") aircraft, but LSA restrictions on weight and performance separates the category from established GA aircraft. There is no standard worldwide description of an LSA.
Munger Assembly constituency
Munger is an assembly constituency in Munger district in the Indian state of Bihar. In 2015 Bihar Legislative Assembly election, Munger will be one of the 36 seats to have VVPAT enabled electronic voting machines.

State legislative assemblies of India
The State Legislative Assembly, also known as the Vidhan Sabha or the Saasana Sabha, is a legislative body in each of the states and certain union territories of India. Members of the legislative assembly are often directly elected to serve five year terms from single-member constituencies. A legislative assembly may be dissolved in a state of emergency, by the governor on request of the chief minister of the respective state or union territory, or if a motion of no confidence is passed against the ruling majority party or coalition.
Ait Issafen
Ait Issafen is a small town and rural commune in Tiznit Province of the Souss-Massa-Drâa region of Morocco. At the time of the 2004 census, the commune had a total population of 5026 people living in 1064 households.

Souss-Massa-Drâa
Souss-Massa-Drâa (Arabic: سوس ماسة درعة) was formerly one of the sixteen regions of Morocco from 1997 to 2015. It covered an area of 70,880 km2 and had a population of 3,601,917 (2014 census). The capital is Agadir. One of the major languages spoken in this region of Morocco is tasoussit variant of Tashelhit.
Jobo (cycling team)
Jobo was a French professional cycling team that existed from 1974 to 1978, with the exception of 1977. A notable result was the mountains classification of the 1978 Tour de France with Mariano Martínez.

Mariano Martínez (cyclist)
Mariano Martínez (born 20 September 1948) is a Spanish-French former professional road racing cyclist. He won the King of the Mountains competition in 1978 Tour de France. Born in Spain, Martínez became a naturalized French citizen in 1963. He is the father of former racing cyclists Miguel and Yannick Martinez, the brother of Martin, and the grandfather of Lenny Martinez.
Laminate flooring
Laminate flooring (also called floating wood tile in the United States) is a multi-layer synthetic flooring product fused together with a lamination process. Laminate flooring simulates wood (or sometimes stone) with a photographic appliqué layer under a clear protective layer. The inner core layer is usually composed of melamine resin and fiber board materials. There is a European Standard No. EN 13329:2000 specifying laminate floor covering requirements and testing methods.

Laminate flooring has grown significantly in popularity, perhaps because it may be easier to install and maintain than more traditional surfaces such as hardwood flooring.  It may also have the advantages of costing less and requiring less skill to install than alternative flooring materials. It is reasonably durable, hygienic (several brands contain an antimicrobial resin), and relatively easy to maintain.

Appliqué
Appliqué is ornamental needlework in which pieces or patches of fabric in different shapes and patterns are sewn or stuck onto a larger piece to form a picture or pattern. It is commonly used as decoration, especially on garments. The technique is accomplished either by hand stitching or machine. Appliqué is commonly practised with textiles, but the term may be applied to similar techniques used on different materials. In the context of ceramics, for example, an appliqué is a separate piece of clay added to the primary work, generally for the purpose of decoration.

The term originates from the Latin applicō "I apply" and subsequently from the French appliquer "attach".
Bexobrutideg
Bexobrutideg (NX-5948) is an investigational new drug that is being evaluated by Nurix Therapeutics for the treatment of elapsed and refractory B-cell malignancies, including chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and Waldenström macroglobulinemia.  It is an orally bioavailable, brain-penetrant Bruton's tyrosine kinase degrader.

Investigational New Drug
The United States Food and Drug Administration's Investigational New Drug (IND) program is the means by which a pharmaceutical company obtains permission to start human clinical trials and to ship an experimental drug across state lines (usually to clinical investigators) before a marketing application for the drug has been approved. Regulations are primarily at 21 CFR 312. Similar procedures are followed in the European Union, Japan, and Canada due to regulatory harmonization efforts by the International Council for Harmonisation.
Kara Tucina Olidge
Kara Tucina Olidge is a scholar and arts and educational administrator who has held leadership positions at libraries, research institutions, and community-based organizations across the United States. Currently, she holds the role of Associate Director for Collections & Discovery at the Getty Research Institute in Los Angeles.

Cosmopolitanism
Cosmopolitanism is the idea that all human beings are members of a single community. Its adherents are known as cosmopolitan or cosmopolite. Cosmopolitanism is both prescriptive and aspirational, believing humans can and should be "world citizens" in a "universal community". The idea encompasses different dimensions and avenues of community, such as promoting universal moral standards, establishing global political structures, or developing a platform for mutual cultural expression and tolerance.

For example, Kwame Anthony Appiah articulates a cosmopolitan community where individuals from varying locations (physical, economic, etc.) enter relationships of mutual respect despite their differing beliefs (religious, political, etc.). In a looser but related sense, "cosmopolitan" is also used to describe places where people of various ethnic, cultural and/or religious backgrounds live together and interact with each other.
John Stonor (bishop)
John Talbot Stonor (1678–1756) was an English Roman Catholic bishop who served as the Vicar Apostolic of the Midland District from 1715 to 1756.

Born in 1678, he was appointed the Vicar Apostolic of the Midland District and Titular Bishop of Thespiae by the Holy See on 18 September 1715. He was consecrated to the Episcopate on 9 August 1716, the principal consecrator was Cardinal Henri-Pons de Thiard de Bissy, Bishop of Meaux, France. Bishop Stonor did much to persuade Catholics to accept the Hanoverian monarchy, which resulted in greater tolerance towards Catholics.

He died in office on 29 March 1756, aged 78.

Catholicism portal

Diocese of Meaux
The Diocese of Meaux (Latin: Dioecesis Meldensis; French: Diocèse de Meaux) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church in France. The diocese comprises the entire department of Seine-et-Marne. It was suffragan of the Archdiocese of Sens until 1622, and subsequently of Archdiocese of Paris.