hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
International Pharmaceutical Students' Federation
The International Pharmaceutical Students' Federation (IPSF) is a non-governmental, non-political and non-religious organisation that represents pharmaceutical students, pharmacy students and recent graduates from all over the world. It was founded in 1949 and it is the oldest faculty-based student organisation. IPSF represents over 500,000 individuals in more than 100 countries with 127 different representative pharmacy student member organisations.

Every pharmaceutical student, pharmacy student and recent graduates up to four years after receiving their degree may become a member of the Federation individually, or via a representative organisation of pharmacy students.

The Federation has engaged in the following areas: pharmacy education, public health, professional development, advocacy, cultural awareness, and partnerships developing pharmacists worldwide.

The IPSF Team is entirely student-run and is composed of more than 150 volunteers.

Apoliticism
Apoliticism is apathy or antipathy towards all political affiliations. A person may be described as apolitical if they are uninterested or uninvolved in politics. Being apolitical can also refer to situations in which people take an unbiased position in regard to political matters. The Collins English Dictionary defines apolitical as "politically neutral; without political attitudes, content, or bias."
Pharaoh Lake Wilderness Area
The Pharaoh Lake Wilderness Area, an Adirondack Park unit of New York's Forest Preserve, straddles the Essex County-Warren County line in the towns of Ticonderoga, Hague, Horicon and Schroon. The county road along the east shore of Schroon Lake forms the western boundary; to the north, private land and NY 74 form the boundary. The state land boundary forms most of the remaining perimeter except for a stretch of NY 8 on the south.

The area contains 39 bodies of water covering 1,100 acres (4.4 km2), 62.8 miles (101 km) of foot trails, and 14 lean-tos.

Hague, New York
Hague is a town in northeastern Warren County, New York, United States located on the scenic Lake George. It is part of the Glens Falls Metropolitan Statistical Area. The population was 854 at the 2000 census. The town was named after the city The Hague in the Netherlands.
Mort Glosser Amphitheater
Mort Glosser Amphitheater (formerly known as the Legion Park Bowl and Gadsden Municipal Amphitheatre) is an amphitheatre in Gadsden, Alabama, United States.  Built in 1935, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.

Amphitheatre
An amphitheatre  (American English: amphitheater) is an open-air venue used for entertainment, performances, and sports. The term derives from the ancient Greek ἀμφιθέατρον (amphitheatron), from ἀμφί (amphi), meaning "on both sides" or "around" and θέατρον (théātron), meaning "place for viewing".

Ancient Greek theatres were typically built on hillsides and semi-circular in design. The first amphitheatre may have been built at Pompeii around 70 BC. Ancient Roman amphitheatres were oval or circular in plan, with seating tiers that surrounded the central performance area, like a modern open-air stadium. In contrast, both ancient Greek and ancient Roman theatres were built in a semicircle, with tiered seating rising on one side of the performance area.

Modern English parlance uses "amphitheatre" for any structure with sloping seating, including theatre-style stages with spectator seating on only one side, theatres in the round, and stadia. They can be indoor or outdoor.
Biafran Trade Union Confederation
The Biafran Trade Union Confederation (BTUC) was a short-lived national trade union federation in Biafra.

A variety of trade unions operated in eastern Nigeria in the mid-1960s, but the most important was the Eastern Nigerian Trade Union, an affiliate of the United Labour Congress (ULC).  In 1967, Biafra declared independence from Nigeria, triggering the Biafran War.  The Eastern Nigerian Trade Union re-constituted itself as the Biafran Trade Union Confederation.  It was led by Ben Udokporo, formerly the eastern district secretary of the ULC, and he brought into it branches of various other ULC affiliates in the newly declared nation.

The federation was supportive of the Biafran Armed Forces, and its leaders were given positions on President C. Odumegwu Ojukwu's advisory council.  After the surrender of Biafra, in 1970, the BTUC was dissolved, and its affiliates sought to affiliate with one of Nigeria's other national trade union federations.

Trade union federation
Organizers within trade unions have sought to increase the bargaining power of workers in regards to collective bargaining by acting in collaboration with other trade unions. Multi-union organizing can take place on an informal basis, or on a more formal basis via an umbrella organization comprising multiple trade unions. Such umbrella organizations may be referred to as a trade union federation, trade union confederation, or trade union centre.
2006 Epsom Derby
The 2006 Epsom Derby was a horse race which took place at Epsom Downs on Saturday 3 June 2006. It was the 227th running of the Derby, and it was won by Sir Percy. The winner was ridden by Martin Dwyer and trained by Marcus Tregoning. The pre-race favourite Visindar finished fifth.

Autumn Stakes (Great Britain)
The Autumn Stakes is a Group 3 flat horse race in Great Britain open to two-year-old horses. It is run on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in October.
Toronto—Scarborough
Toronto—Scarborough was a federal electoral district represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1925 to 1935. It was located in the east end of the city of Toronto, in the province of Ontario. This riding was created in 1924 from parts of York East riding and consisted of the portion of the City of Toronto east of a line described as starting at the intersection of Pape Avenue with the northern boundary of the city, and following Pape Avenue, Danforth Avenue, Greenwood Avenue, Queen Street East, and then following the alignment of Knox Street south to Lake Ontario.

The electoral district was abolished in 1933 when it was redistributed between Broadview, Danforth, and Greenwood electoral districts.

Queen Street (Toronto)
Queen Street is a major east–west thoroughfare in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It extends from Roncesvalles Avenue and King Street in the west to Victoria Park Avenue in the east. Queen Street was the cartographic baseline for the original east–west avenues of Toronto's and York County's grid pattern of major roads. The western section of Queen (sometimes simply referred to as "Queen West") is a centre for Canadian broadcasting, music, fashion, performance, and the visual arts.
Karachi Harbour
Karachi Harbour is a narrow bay and river estuary located west of the Indus River Delta in Karachi, Pakistan. The harbour lies between the Lyari River delta and Chinna Creek to the north, and the Arabian Sea to the south. Since 1886, sections of the harbour have been improved to form the Port of Karachi - Pakistan's busiest seaport.

Manora Fort, Karachi
Manora Fort is a fort that was built to protect the harbour of Karachi. Originally erected as a mud fortress by the Talpur Mirs in 1797, the fort was captured by the British in 1839 - after which they seized control of Karachi and lower Sindh.
Bed sheet
A bed sheet is a rectangular piece of cloth used as bedding, which is larger in length and width than a mattress, and which is placed immediately above a mattress or bed, but below blankets and other bedding (such as comforters and bedspreads or sheets). A bottom sheet is laid above the mattress, and may be either a flat or fitted sheet. A top sheet, in the many countries where they are used, is a flat sheet, which is placed above a bottom sheet and below other bedding.

Rayon
Rayon, also called viscose, is a semi-synthetic fiber made from natural sources of regenerated cellulose, such as wood and related agricultural products. It has the same molecular structure as cellulose. Many types and grades of rayon fibers and films exist. Some imitate the feel and texture of natural fibers such as silk, wool, cotton, and linen.  It can be woven or knitted to make textiles for clothing and other purposes.
Rayon production involves solubilizing cellulose fibers. Three common methods are as follows:

The cuprammonium process (obsolete), using ammoniacal solutions of copper salts

The viscose process (most common) using alkali and carbon disulfide

The Lyocell process, using amine oxide, avoids neurotoxic carbon disulfide but is more expensive
The 4 Corners Live
The 4 Corners Live is a live DVD by Australian-American rock musician, Diesel. It was released on 6 July 2009.

The DVD was recorded on 24 and 25 October 2008, at The Palms at Crown, Melbourne. The content spanned Diesel's entire career up to and including tracks from his 2008 album, Days Like These.

An audio recording from the concerts was released as a live album on CD on 1 March 2010 as The 4 Corners Live. It was re-released on 3 June 2011 as Greatest Hits Live.

Man Alive (song)
"Man Alive" is a song by Australian rock musician Diesel. It was included on his debut album, Hepfidelity (1992). The song peaked at number 20 in Australia and 25 in New Zealand. In October 1993, it was released in the United Kingdom through Parlophone.
Mike Widger
Michael Jon Widger (August 21, 1948 – March 3, 2016) was an American professional football linebacker for the Montreal Alouettes and Ottawa Rough Riders of the Canadian Football League (CFL) from 1970 to 1978.

An All-American at Virginia Tech, he was a CFL All-Star four times and was a part of two Grey Cup winning victories for the Alouettes.

He was a nominee for the TSN Top 50 CFL Players list in 2006. He died in 2016, aged 67.

Ottawa Rough Riders
The Ottawa Rough Riders were a Canadian Football League team based in Ottawa, Ontario, founded on September 19, 1876. Formerly one of the oldest and longest-lived professional sports teams in North America, the Rough Riders won the Grey Cup championship nine times. Their most dominant era was the 1960s and 1970s,  in which they won five Grey Cups. The team's fortunes waned in the 1980s and 1990s, and they ultimately ceased operations following the 1996 season. Five years later, a new CFL team known as the Ottawa Renegades was founded, though they suspended operations in 2006. The Ottawa Redblacks, which own the Rough Riders and Renegades intellectual properties, joined the league in 2014.
Dainan
Dainan (Chinese: 戴南; pinyin: Dàinán) is a town under the administration of Xinghua City in east-central Jiangsu province, China. It has 4 residential communities (居委会) and 33 villages under its administration. The town is located in the southeast of Xinghua City, bordering Dongtai to the east and Jiangyan to the south, and has a population of 93,000 living in an area of 108 km2 (42 sq mi). Part of that area is known as the "cradle of stainless steel" (中国不锈钢之乡) production, and this economic activity gives rise to the nickname "No. 1 Town of Central Jiangsu" (苏中第一镇).

Jiangyan, Taizhou
Jiangyan District (simplified Chinese: 姜堰区; traditional Chinese: 姜堰區; pinyin: Jiāngyàn Qū) is one of the three urban districts of the city of Taizhou, Jiangsu province. It was a county-level city until December 2012. Jiangyan is known for being the birthplace of the former General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party Hu Jintao.
Ingyeo ingan
Ingyeo ingan (Korean: 잉여인간), sometimes translated The Extra Mortals, is a 1964 South Korean film directed by Yu Hyun-mok. At the 2nd Blue Dragon Film Awards ceremony, the film won six awards, among them Best Film, Best Director, and Best Actor for lead Kim Jin-kyu. The film was based on a novel.

Blue Dragon Film Awards
The Blue Dragon Film Awards (Korean: 청룡영화상; RR: Cheongnyong Yeonghwasang) is an annual awards ceremony that is presented by Sports Chosun (a sister brand of the Chosun Ilbo) for excellence in film in South Korea.

The Blue Dragon Film Awards considers only blockbusters and popular movies of high artistic value released during the previous year. During the selection process, about forty movies that have made it to the final list are screened to the public for free. After the screening of each selection, the awards ceremony opens.

The Blue Dragon Film Awards and Grand Bell Awards are the most popular film awards in South Korea.
Nouakchott-Nord (National Assembly district)
Nouakchott-Nord (Arabic: نواكشوط الشمالية) is one of the 60 electoral districts represented in the National Assembly. The constituency currently elects 7 deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Mauritanian wilaya of Nouakchott-Nord. The electoral system uses the largest remainder method and a closed-list proportional representation, with no minimum threshold.

Regions of Mauritania
Mauritania is divided into 15 regions (wilayat):

During the Mauritanian occupation of Western Sahara (1975–79), its portion of the territory (mainly corresponding to the lower half of Río de Oro province) was named Tiris al-Gharbiyya.

The regions (wilaya) are subdivided into 44 departments; see departments of Mauritania for more information.
JusticeLA
JusticeLA is a coalition of organizations and individuals committed to stopping the expansion and growth of the Los Angeles County Jail system and replacing that system with an infrastructure of community-based care and treatment. L.A. County has the largest jail system in the world.

The JusticeLA coalition includes dozens of national and local organizations including Color of Change, Critical Resistance Los Angeles, Youth Justice Coalition, American Civil Liberties Union of Southern California, Black Lives Matter: Los Angeles, Center for Popular Democracy, Code Pink, Drug Policy Alliance, Liberty Tree Foundation for the Democratic Revolution, Service Employees International Union, and United Way of Greater Los Angeles, among others. Patrisse Cullors, Diana Zuñiga, and other activists based in Los Angeles co-founded JusticeLA.

Critical Resistance
Critical Resistance (CR) is a U.S. based organization with the stated goal of abolishing the prison-industrial complex (PIC). Critical Resistance's national office is in Oakland, California, with three additional chapters in New York City, Los Angeles, and Portland, Oregon. Despite claims of being an internationalist organization, CR has not led any abolitionist campaigns outside of the USA, though individual members have built relationships abroad (mostly in the West).

Critical Resistance has worked towards abolition of the PIC since its first conference in 1998. It considers the prison-industrial complex to be a response to societal issues including but not limited to homelessness, immigration, and gender-based violence. Since 1998 it has taken part in numerous campaigns and projects to close prisons, stop new prisons from being built, address the root cause of interpersonal harm, and promote restorative practices.
Muhammadu Ribadu
Mahmudu Ribadu (1909 – 1 May 1965) was a Nigerian politician, who was the first Minister of Defence after independence. The son of a district head from Adamawa's Balala district, he was educated at a Qur'anic school before proceeding to the Yola Middle School for conventional education.

Kaduna
Kaduna Listenⓘ is the capital city of Kaduna State, and the former political capital of Northern Nigeria. It is located in north-western Nigeria, on the Kaduna River. It is a trade center and a major transportation hub as the gateway to northern states of Nigeria, with its rail and important road network.

The population of Kaduna was put at 760,084 as of the 2006 Nigerian census. Rapid urbanization since 2005 has created an increasingly large population, and as of 2024, the city has an estimated population of 1.2 million people.
Lombard Committee for Resolution 44
The Lombard Committee for Resolution 44 (Comitato Lombardo per la Risoluzione 44, CoLoR44) is a trans-party movement active in Lombardy, a region of Italy.

CoLoR44 proposes a referendum on the self-determination of Lombardy. The movement takes inspiration from a resolution, approved by the Regional Council of nearby Veneto in November 2012, which set the course toward a possible referendum on Venetian independence. The Committee is supported by several parties and associations, including Venetian Independence (the Venetian party which proposed Resolution 44) and Padanian Union.

Regional Council of Veneto
The Regional Council of Veneto (Italian: Consiglio Regionale del Veneto) is the legislative assembly of Veneto, Italy.

The council, which has its seat at Palazzo Ferro Fini, located along the Grand Canal in Venice. was first elected in 1970, when ordinary regions were established, twenty-two years after the Italian Constitution envisioned them in 1948.
Jøkulkyrkja Mountain
Jøkulkyrkja Mountain ("the Glacier Church"), also known as Massiv Yakova Gakkelya, is a broad, ice-topped mountain with several radial rock spurs, standing east of Lunde Glacier in the Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains of Queen Maud Land, East Antarctica.
 At 3,148 metres (10,328 ft) elevation, it is the highest mountain in Queen Maud Land, and also the highest rock elevation within the claims of Norway. However, Dome F is also located in Queen Maud Land, and rises to about 3,700 metres (12,100 ft). The mountain is located on the Princess Astrid Coast of the Norwegian Antarctic Territory. Håhellerskarvet ("shark cave mountain"), 2,910 metres (9,550 ft), is located to the southwest; the two peaks are separated by the 25-mile-long Lunde Glacier, which flows to the northwest.

East Antarctica
80°S 80°E﻿ / ﻿80°S 80°E﻿ / -80; 80

East Antarctica, also called Greater Antarctica, constitutes the majority (two-thirds) of the Antarctic continent, lying primarily in the Eastern Hemisphere south of the Indian Ocean, and separated from West Antarctica by the Transantarctic Mountains. It is generally greater in elevation than West Antarctica, and includes the Gamburtsev Mountain Range in the center. The geographic South Pole is located within East Antarctica.

Apart from small areas of the coast, East Antarctica is permanently covered by ice and it has relatively low biodiversity, with only a small number of species of terrestrial plants, animals, algae, and lichens. The coasts are the breeding ground for various seabirds and penguins, and the leopard seal, Weddell seal, elephant seal, crabeater seal and Ross seal breed on the surrounding pack ice in summer.
Great Ogboru
Great Ovedje Ogboru (born 10 April 1958) is a Nigerian businessman and politician who was the gubernatorial candidate for the Alliance of Democracy, the Democratic Peoples' Party and the Labour Party in the 2003, 2007 and 2015 Delta State governorship elections. He was also the gubernatorial nominee for the All Progressives Congress (APC) in the 2019 Delta State governorship elections.

Alliance for Democracy (Nigeria)
The Alliance for Democracy(AD) is a progressive opposition political party in Nigeria.  It was formed on 9 September 1998.  At the 2003 legislative elections, the party won 8.8% of the popular vote and 34 out of 360 seats in the Nigerian House of Representatives and 18 out of 109 seats in the Nigerian Senate.  The party was reportedly formed to shore up the stake of the Yoruba people in the Nigerian federation following the annulment of the June 12, 1993 presidential election widely believed to have been won by Chief M. K. O. Abiola, a Yoruba businessman and tycoon.

In 2007, Chief Dr. Christopher Ajuwa, from the Niger Delta region, ran for President of Nigeria under the AD.

The party was embroiled in a leadership tussle between Mojisola Akinfenwa and Adebisi Akande, which lingered until September 2006 when the 'Bisi Akande faction merged with other opposition parties to form the Action Congress party.
William John Blake
William John Blake (1805 – 15 September 1875) was a British Whig politician.

The first-born son of William Blake and Mary Nash, he was educated at Christ Church, Oxford, where he was a president of the United Debating Society, and at Lincoln's Inn.

Blake was elected a Whig Member of Parliament for Newport (Isle of Wight) at the 1837 general election but held the seat for just one term until 1841, when he stood but ended bottom of four candidates. He stood again for election at the 1847 general election, but he was unsuccessful, ending third of four candidates.

1837 United Kingdom general election
The 1837 United Kingdom general election was held from 24 July to 18 August 1837, following the death of King William IV and the accession of Queen Victoria. The election saw the Whigs secure their fourth consecutive victory, though the Conservatives, led by Robert Peel, continued to gain ground.

The election marked the last time that a Parliament was dissolved as a result of the demise of the Crown. The dissolution of Parliament six months after a demise of the Crown, as provided for by the Succession to the Crown Act 1707, was abolished by the Reform Act 1867.
James Rebhorn
James Robert Rebhorn (September 1, 1948 – March 21, 2014) was an American character actor. Rebhorn appeared in over 100 films, television series, and plays.

Rebhorn portrayed George Wilbur in My Cousin Vinny, Dr. McElwaine in Basic Instinct, and FBI Agent Flynn in White Sands and Mr. Trask in Scent of a Woman (all in 1992), John Merino in Up Close & Personal, Albert Nimziki in Independence Day, Charlie Reynolds in My Fellow Americans, Alvin Hooks in Snow Falling on Cedars, and Dr. Larry Banks in Meet the Parents.

He had several recurring roles in TV series, including Charles Garnett in Law & Order (where he also played other characters), Captain Elchisak in Third Watch, Bertram Webster in The Book of Daniel, Reese Hughes in White Collar, Carl Franklin in Big Lake, and Frank Mathison in Homeland.

My Fellow Americans
My Fellow Americans is a 1996 American political comedy film directed by Peter Segal. It stars Jack Lemmon and James Garner as feuding ex-presidents, with Dan Aykroyd, Lauren Bacall, Esther Rolle, John Heard, Wilford Brimley, Bradley Whitford, Everett McGill, and Jeff Yagher in supporting roles. The film is named after the sentence for the traditional opening of presidential addresses to the American people.
Ladder Bay (Saba)
Ladder Bay is an anchorage on the leeward side of the Caribbean island of Saba. The bay sits on the west side of the island, directly under a set of 800 steps hand carved into the rocks locally known as "The Ladder". Until the construction of Saba's first pier in the 1970s, Ladder Bay was a primary point of entry for supplies to the island. An abandoned customs house sits on the lip of a cliff overlooking the bay.

Alcyonacea
Alcyonacea (synonyms: Alcyonaria, Alcyonarida), in English soft corals or alcyonacians, is a former order (or suborder) of Octocorallia. Since a 2022 revision of Octocorallia, the content of Alcyonacea has been included in the order Malacalcyonacea and, to a lesser extent, in the order Scleralcyonacea, these two new orders now making up the order Octocorallia.
Justin Ryder
Justin Ryder (born 14 July 1980 in Nepean), also known by the nickname of Knight Rider, is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s. He played at club level for Newcastle Knights and Wakefield Trinity Wildcats, as a wing.

Newcastle Knights
The Newcastle Knights are an Australian professional rugby league team based in Newcastle, the largest city in the Hunter Region of New South Wales, Australia. The club competes in the National Rugby League (NRL) premiership. Playing in red and blue, the Knights joined the top-tier competition in 1988, 79 years after the previous Newcastle based team, the Newcastle Rebels had departed the Sydney competition with the formation of a separate league competition based in the Newcastle region.

The club has won the premiership twice (1997 and 2001) and is one of only two clubs (the other being the Wests Tigers) that has never lost a grand final in which it has participated. Notable players include: Paul Harragon, Robbie O'Davis, Danny Buderus and rugby league Immortal Andrew Johns. The team's home ground is McDonald Jones Stadium.