hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Città di Castello
Città di Castello (Italian pronunciation: [tʃitˈta ddi kasˈtɛllo], lit. 'Castle Town') is a city and comune (municipality) in the province of Perugia, in the northern part of Umbria. It is situated on a slope of the Apennines, on the flood plain along the upper part of the river Tiber. The city is 56 km (35 mi) north of Perugia and 104 km (65 mi) south of Cesena, Emilia-Romagna, on the highway SS 3 bis. It is connected by the SS 73 with Arezzo, Tuscany, and the A1 highway, situated 38 km (23 mi) west. The comune of Città di Castello has an exclave named Monte Ruperto within Marche.

Guelphs and Ghibellines
The Guelphs and Ghibellines (/ˈɡwɛlfs ... ˈɡɪbɪlaɪnz/ GWELFS ... GHIB-il-ynze, US also /-liːnz, -lɪnz/ -⁠eenz, -⁠inz; Italian: guelfi e ghibellini [ˈɡwɛlfi e ɡibelˈliːni, -fj e -]) were factions supporting the pope (Guelphs) and the Holy Roman emperor (Ghibellines) in the Italian city-states of Central and Northern Italy during the Middle Ages. During the 12th and 13th centuries, rivalry between these two parties dominated political life across Italy. The struggle for power between the Papacy and the Holy Roman Empire arose with the Investiture Controversy, which began in 1075 and ended with the Concordat of Worms in 1122.
Boules at the 2023 Arab Games
At the 2023 Arab Games, the Boules events were held at the LOFA Sports Complex in Es Senia, Oran, Algeria, Qatar from 6 to 10 July. A total of 17 events were contested.

In this edition, Mauritania wins it first Arab Games medal of the history after nine participations at the games. Abdullah Mohamed Vally wins the silver medal.

Boules
Boules (/buːl/, French pronunciation: [bul]), or jeu de boules, is a collective name for a wide range of games similar to bowls and bocce in which the objective is to throw or roll heavy balls as closely as possible to a small target ball, called the jack. 'Boules' itself is a French loanword that usually refers to the game especially played in France.

Boules-type games are traditional and popular in many European countries and are also popular in some former French colonies in Africa and Asia.  Boules games are often played in open spaces (town squares and parks) in villages and towns.  Dedicated playing areas for boules-type games are typically large, level, rectangular courts made of flattened earth, gravel, or crushed stone, enclosed in wooden rails or back boards. To win, a team must reach 15 points, with a few exceptions.
Ghardabiya Airbase
Ghardabiya Airbase (IATA: SRX, ICAO: HLGD) is a dual-function airbase for the Libyan Air Force 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) south of the Mediterranean coastal city of Sirte. It also incorporates an airport for civilian use.

All runways have 305 metres (1,001 ft) displaced thresholds.

The Sirte non-directional beacon (Ident: SRT) is located 7.8 nautical miles (14.4 km) north of the airport, in the city. The Sirte VOR-DME (Ident: SRT) is located on the field.

Air base
An airbase or air base, sometimes referred to as a military airbase, military airfield, military airport, air station, naval air station, air force station, or air force base, is an aerodrome or airport used as a military base by a military force for operating military aircraft.
Évry-Courcouronnes station
Évry-Courcouronnes station is a RER station and tramway stop in Évry-Courcouronnes, France. The station was opened in 1975 and is on the Grigny–Corbeil-Essonnes railway. RER D, which is operated by the SNCF, and Île-de-France tramway Line 12 Express, operated by Transkeo, serves the station.

Évry-Courcouronnes
Évry-Courcouronnes (French pronunciation: [evʁi kuʁkuʁɔn] ⓘ) is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France, prefecture of the department of Essonne.

It was established on 1 January 2019 from the amalgamation of the communes of Évry and Courcouronnes.

The city is the home of the Genopole.
Franziska Mally
Franziska Mally (born 31 October 1916, date of death unknown) was an Austrian swimmer. She competed in the women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay at the 1936 Summer Olympics. Mally was in the freestyle relay with Grete Ittlinger, Roma Wagner and Elli von Kropiwnicki but they failed to make the first three, and the finals, by coming last in the first semi-final.

Swimming at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay
The women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay was a swimming event held as part of the swimming at the 1936 Summer Olympics programme. It was the sixth appearance of the event, which was established in 1912. The competition was held on Wednesday and Friday, 12 and 14 August 1936.

The United States and Germany both replaced one swimmer between the semi-finals and the final. Thirty-eight swimmers from nine nations competed.
Future Spa
Future Spa is a solid state, wide body, pinball machine produced in 1979 by Bally Manufacturing. It was Bally's first machine with continuous background sound and in-line drop targets.  Notable game features include: Flippers (2), Pop bumpers (5), Slingshot (1), Spinning targets (2), Kick-out hole (1), Star rollover (1), 4-in-line drop targets, Left kicker lane, Left out-lane detour gate.

It was unique in the fact that it had recessed back-box lighting and prismatic diffuser behind the "Future Spa" logo for a holographic effect.  The holographic effect was an idea of Norm Clark. He wanted to do this already on Magic Town / Magic City while working at Williams but it was regarded to be too expensive.  The marketing slogan from the Bally flyer read: "Future Spa will awaken your pinball senses"

Norm Clark
Norman Childers "Hackenschmidt" Clark (12 November 1878 – 26 December 1943) was an Australian rules footballer who played for the Carlton Football Club in the Victorian Football League (VFL) between 1905 and 1912.
October 1920 Danish Landsting election
Landsting elections were held in Denmark on 1 October 1920, with the exceptions that the seats elected by the resigning parliament were elected on 10 September, except for the representative of South Jutland County who was elected on October 7, the Faroese member was elected on 3 February 1921, and the electors that elected the candidates standing in the constituencies were elected on 24 September 1920.

The election was the first Landsting election in which South Jutland County participated since the Schleswig Plebiscites and the return to Danish rule, and the total number of seats in the Landsting was increased from 72 to 76.

The seats of all seven constituencies as well as the seats elected by the parliament were up for election.

According to Denmark Local Authorities, it "Was a pivotal event which marked the beginning of the Landsting elections."

1920 Schleswig plebiscites
The Schleswig plebiscites were two plebiscites, organized according to section XII, articles 109 to 114 of the Treaty of Versailles of 28 June 1919, in order to determine the future border between Denmark and Germany through the former Duchy of Schleswig. The process was monitored by a commission with representatives from France, the United Kingdom, Norway and Sweden.

The plebiscites were held on 10 February and 14 March 1920, and the result was that the larger northern portion (Zone I) voted to join Denmark, which occurred 15 June 1920, while the smaller southern portion (Zone II) voted to remain part of Germany.

Order in the plebiscite area was ensured by a joint British-French mission, whose work was awarded the official award of Denmark - "Schleswig Commemorative Medal 1920" — "Schleswig Memorial Medal 1920" (other spellings of the name are "Schleswig Plebiscite Medal 1920" and "Den Slesvigske Eringdringsmedaille af 1920").
2009 Norwegian Football Cup
The 2009 Norwegian Football Cup was the 104th season of the Norwegian annual knockout football tournament. The competition started with two qualifying rounds on 13 April and 22 April, and the final was held on 8 November. The defending champions were Vålerenga.

The winners of the Cup, Aalesund, could call themselves Champions of Norway, and qualified for the third qualifying round of the 2010–11 UEFA Europa League.

2010–11 UEFA Europa League
The 2010–11 UEFA Europa League was the second season of the UEFA Europa League, Europe's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the 40th edition overall including its predecessor, the UEFA Cup. It began on 1 July 2010, with the first qualifying round matches, and concluded on 18 May 2011, with the final at the Aviva Stadium in Dublin, Republic of Ireland, between Porto and first-time finalists Braga. This was the first all-Portuguese final of a European competition and only the third time that two Portuguese teams faced each other in Europe, following Braga's elimination of Benfica in the semi-finals. Porto defeated Braga 1–0, with a goal from the competition's top goalscorer Radamel Falcao, and won their second title in the competition, after victory in the 2002–03 UEFA Cup. Atletico Madrid were the defending champions but were eliminated in group stage.
29th General Assembly of Newfoundland
The members of the 29th General Assembly of Newfoundland were elected in the Newfoundland general election held in June 1949. The general assembly sat from July 11, 1949 to November 3, 1951. This was the first general election held in Newfoundland since the assembly was replaced by an appointed Commission of Government in 1934. Newfoundland had joined Canadian Confederation in March 1949.

The Liberal Party led by Joey Smallwood formed the government.

Reginald F. Sparkes served as speaker.

There were four sessions of the 29th General Assembly:

Sir Albert Walsh served as lieutenant governor of Newfoundland until September 1949. Sir Leonard Outerbridge succeeded Walsh as lieutenant governor.

Leonard Outerbridge
Sir Leonard Cecil Outerbridge, CC, CBE, DSO, CD (May 6, 1888 – September 6, 1986) was the second lieutenant governor of Newfoundland from 1949 to 1957. In 1967, he became a Companion of the Order of Canada.
QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss
The QF 3-pounder Hotchkiss or in French use Canon Hotchkiss à tir rapide de 47 mm were a family of long-lived light 47 mm naval guns introduced in 1886 to defend against new, small and fast vessels such as torpedo boats and later submarines.  There were many variants produced, often under license, which ranged in length from 32 to 50 calibers but 40 caliber was the most common version.  They were widely used by the navies of a number of nations and often used by both sides in a conflict.  They were also used ashore as coastal defense guns and later as an anti-aircraft gun, whether on improvised or specialized HA/LA mounts.

Causeway Bay
Causeway Bay is an area and a bay on Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong, straddling the border of the Eastern and the Wan Chai districts. It is a major shopping, leisure and cultural centre in Hong Kong, with a number of major shopping centres. The rents in the shopping areas of Causeway Bay were ranked as the world's most expensive for around a decade after overtaking New York City's Fifth Avenue in 2012. The area's Cantonese name "Tung Lo Wan" is never used to refer to the area in English, and "Causeway Bay" is always used instead.
Looe East and Deviock (electoral division)
Looe East and Deviock is an electoral division of Cornwall in the United Kingdom which returns one member to sit on Cornwall Council. It was created at the 2021 local elections, being created from the former divisions of Menheniot, and Trelawny. The current councillor is Armand Toms, an Independent.

Morval, Cornwall
Morval (Cornish: Morval) is a rural civil parish, hamlet and historic manor in southeast Cornwall, England, United Kingdom. The hamlet is approximately two miles (3 km) north of Looe and five miles (8 km) south of Liskeard.

Morval parish is in the Liskeard Registration District and the population in the 2001 census was 616, which increased to 711 at the 2011 census. The meaning of the name Morval is unknown. To the north the parish is bounded by the parishes of Dobwalls and Trewidland and Menheniot, to the east by St Germans, to the south by St Martin-by-Looe and to the west by Duloe.
The Salvager
The Salvager is a British reality television show produced by Attaboy Productions and aired on Discovery Real Time. The show ran for two series featuring Rico Daniels a passionate recycler and salvager scouring scrap yards, council tips and charity shops finding scrap metal and wood and transforming them into useful and unusual items. The second series re-titled Le Salvager relies on the same premise but sees Daniels relocate to the Vosges of eastern France. The show is often repeated on Quest and Discovery Shed in the United Kingdom.

Wrecking yard
A wrecking yard (Australian, New Zealand, and Canadian English) known as a scrapyard (Irish, British and New Zealand English) or junkyard (American English), is a business that dismantles wrecked or decommissioned vehicles. Its usable parts are sold for vehicle repairs, while unusable metal parts are sold to recycling companies. Other terms include wreck yard, wrecker's yard, salvage yard, breaker's yard, dismantler, and scrapheap. In the UK, car salvage yards are called car breakers, and motorcycle salvage yards are known as bike breakers. In Australia, they are often referred to as wreckers.
Salo Mountain
Salo Mountain (12,255 feet (3,735 m)) is in the Beartooth Mountains in the U.S. state of Montana. The peak is one of the tallest in the Beartooth Mountains and is in the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness in Custer National Forest. The peak is unofficially named and lies immediately northwest of Castle Rock Glacier.

Custer National Forest
Custer National Forest is located primarily in the south central part of the U.S. state of Montana but also has separate sections in northwestern South Dakota. With a total area of 1,188,130 acres (4,808 km2), the forest comprises over 10 separate sections. While in the westernmost sections, Custer National Forest is a part of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, the easternmost sections are a combination of forest "islands" and grasslands. A portion of the forest is also part of the Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness and constitutes over a third of the wilderness land. South of Red Lodge, Montana, the Beartooth Highway (U.S. 212) passes through the forest en route to Yellowstone National Park.

The eastern areas are dominated by large stands of ponderosa pine surrounded by grasslands, which are often leased to local ranchers for cattle grazing.
1931 U.S. Figure Skating Championships
The 1931 U.S. Figure Skating Championships were held from March 20–21 at the Boston Arena in Boston, Massachusetts. Gold, silver, and bronze medals were awarded in men's singles and women's singles at the senior, junior, and novice levels, pair skating at the senior and junior levels, and ice dance at the senior level.

Matthews Arena
Matthews Arena (formerly Boston Arena) is a defunct multi-purpose arena in Boston, Massachusetts currently owned by Northeastern University. At the time of its closure, it was the world's oldest multi-purpose athletic building still in use, as well as the oldest arena in use for ice hockey. The university plans to demolish the historic arena and replace it with a new facility.

It is the original home of the National Hockey League (NHL)'s Boston Bruins (the only team of the NHL's Original Six whose original home arena still exists), the National Basketball Association (NBA)'s Boston Celtics, and the World Hockey Association (WHA)'s New England Whalers (now the NHL's Carolina Hurricanes)

It was used by the Northeastern Huskies men's and women's ice hockey teams, and the men's basketball team, as well as various high school ice hockey programs in the city of Boston. The venue also hosted Northeastern's graduation ceremonies, its annual Springfest concert, and other events.
Copper underwing
The copper underwing, humped green fruitworm or pyramidal green fruitworm (Amphipyra pyramidea) is a moth of the family Noctuidae. The species was first described by Carl Linnaeus in his 1758 10th edition of Systema Naturae.

10th edition of Systema Naturae
The 10th edition of Systema Naturae (Latin; the English title is A General System of Nature) is a book written by Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus and published in two volumes in 1758 and 1759, which marks the starting point of zoological nomenclature. In it, Linnaeus introduced binomial nomenclature for animals, something he had already done for plants in his 1753 publication of Species Plantarum.
Romania women's national rugby sevens team
The Romania women national rugby sevens team has yet to compete in the World Rugby Sevens Series, Rugby World Cup Sevens and Summer Olympic Games. They are currently competing in the Rugby Europe Sevens Women's Championship Series.

Rugby Europe Sevens
Sports portal

The Rugby Europe Sevens are a series of rugby sevens tournaments held by Rugby Europe. It was formerly known as the FIRA-AER Sevens until 2013, and the Sevens Grand Prix Series until 2021. Only one annual tournament existed prior to 2011, when Rugby Europe created a series of tournaments, following the model of the World Rugby Sevens Series. The main division is known as the Rugby Europe Championship Series, formerly known the Grand Prix, followed by the Trophy Series, Conference 1, and Conference 2. The competitions use a promotion/relegation system.
Redgrave and Lopham Fens
Redgrave and Lopham Fens is a 127 hectare biological Site of Special Scientific Interest between Thelnetham in Suffolk and Diss in Norfolk. England. It is a national nature reserve, a Ramsar internationally important wetland site, a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I, and part of the Waveney and Little Ouse Valley Fens Special Area of Conservation. It is managed by the Suffolk Wildlife Trust.

It is the largest remaining area of river valley fen in England and consists of a number of different fen types, including saw-sedge beds, as well as having areas of open water, heathland, scrub and woodland. It is also one of only three sites in the UK where the fen raft spider (Dolomedes plantarius) is known to be found.

Lowland heath
Lowland heath is a Biodiversity Action Plan habitat as it is a type of ancient wild landscape. Natural England's Environmental Stewardship scheme describes lowland heath as containing dry heath, wet heath and valley mire communities, usually below 250 metres (820 ft) in altitude, on acidic soils and shallow peat, typically comprising heathers, gorses, fine grasses, wild flowers and lichens in a complex mosaic. Heathers and other dwarf shrubs usually account for at least 25% of the ground cover. By contrast, upland heath, which is above 300 metres (980 ft) in altitude, is called moorland, Dartmoor being an example.
Oxford transmitting station
The Oxford transmitting station (sometimes known as the Beckley transmitter) is a broadcasting and telecommunications facility, situated on land 129.5 metres (425 ft) above Ordnance Datum (mean sea level) to the north east of the city of Oxford, in Oxfordshire, England (grid reference SP567105). It has a guyed steel lattice mast which is 154.4 metres (507 ft) in height to the top of the main steel structure. The UHF television antenna, which consist of a vertical array of transmitting panels, is mounted above the steel structure. The total height of the mast to the top of this UHF antenna is 165.7 metres (544 ft). It is owned and operated by Arqiva.

Radio masts and towers
Radio masts and towers are typically tall structures designed to support antennas for telecommunications and broadcasting, including television. There are two main types: guyed and self-supporting structures. They are among the tallest human-made structures. Masts are often named after the broadcasting organizations that originally built them or currently use them.

A mast radiator or radiating tower is one in which the metal mast or tower itself is energized and functions as the transmitting antenna.
2023 BWF World Junior Championships – Teams event group stage
The group stage of the 2023 BWF World Junior Championships – Teams event is the first stage of the competition. It will hold at The Podium in Spokane, Washington, United States, from 25 to 27 September 2023.

The Podium (sports facility)
The Podium Powered by STCU is a 135,000-square-foot (12,500 m2) indoor multi-use sports facility located in Spokane, Washington, United States.

It is located in the North Bank area adjacent to Spokane Veterans Memorial Arena and One Spokane Stadium. The arena is north of Downtown Spokane and Riverfront Park.
Athletic 220 FC
Athletic 220 Football Club (Mongolian: Атлетик 220) was a Mongolian professional football club based in Ulaanbaatar, that competed in the Mongolian Premier League. The club was established in 2016, and was promoted to the Mongolian Premier League after emerging runners-up in the Mongolia 1st League the same year. In August 2022 it was announced that, despite a string of success including two appearances in the AFC Cup, the club had withdrawn from the Mongolian Premier League because of financial difficulties.

Mongolian Premier League
The Mongolian Premier League (Монголын Үндэсний Дээд Лиг) is the top-tier professional football league of Mongolia. It is contested by ten clubs and operates on a system of promotion and relegation with the 1st League. The league is controlled by the Mongolian Football Federation.

The inaugural season started in 1955. Seasons start in late April and last until late October or early November because of the low temperatures in the winter, with each championship corresponding to a calendar year. Teams play 18 matches each (playing each team in the league twice, home and away), totalling 90 matches in the season.
Gonzalo Orquín
Gonzalo Orquín (born 1982) is a Spanish painter and photographer.

He is known for his paintings of intimate scenes of melancholy and everyday eroticism, and his 2013 photography series, Sí, quiero, featuring gay and lesbian couples kissing in Roman Catholic churches in Rome.

Same-sex relationship
A same-sex relationship, also known as same-gender relationship is a romantic or sexual relationship between people of the same sex or gender.

Some couples in same-sex relationships have children, both biological or non-biological, such as adoptive or foster children, and are parenting them with their partner.

Same-gender or same-sex marriage refers to the institutionalized recognition of such relationships in the form of a marriage; civil unions exist in some countries where same-sex marriage does not.
Temenggong Abdul Jamal
Temenggong Tun Abdul Jamal bin Bendahara Tun Abbas Al-Aidaroos (1720 – 1802) was the first Temenggong of Johor. He is noted to be the direct ancestor to the current Sultan of Johor and the descendants of the House of Temenggong.

Bulan Island
Bulan Island or Pulau Bulang is an island located 2.5 km south-west of Batam Island, with a land area of 100 km2. It is located in the Sijori Growth Triangle, Riau Islands Province, Indonesia. It is the largest island adjacent to Batam on its western side and is administratively part of Batam city.  The strait between them is shallow and land reclamation and island amalgamation is feasible.

The entire island is operated by PT Indo Tirta Suaka, a subsidiary of the Salim Group. The company operates a pig farm, and associated crocodile and orchid farms.