hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Letter to M. d'Alembert on Spectacles
Letter to M. d'Alembert on Spectacles (French: Lettre à M. d'Alembert sur les spectacles) is a 1758 essay written by Jean-Jacques Rousseau in opposition to an article published in the Encyclopédie by Jean d'Alembert that proposed the establishment of a theatre in Geneva. More generally, it is a critical analysis of the effects of culture on morals, that clarifies the links between politics and social life. Rousseau relates the issue of a theatre in Geneva to the broader social context, warning of the potential the theatre has to corrupt the morality in society.

The Letter is considered to be highly personally relevant to Rousseau, whose patriotism and affinity for Geneva shows through as he writes to defend his country from moral decay. By focusing on his belief in the natural order and harmony of traditional sex roles and community, Rousseau writes to convince d'Alembert, and the public of Geneva, that a theatre is a threat to an ideal, natural way of life.

Jean Le Rond d'Alembert
Jean Le Rond d'Alembert (/ˌdæləmˈbɛər/ DAL-əm-BAIR; French: [ʒɑ̃ lə ʁɔ̃ dalɑ̃bɛʁ]; 16 November 1717 – 29 October 1783) was a French mathematician, mechanician, physicist, philosopher, and music theorist. Until 1759 he was, together with Denis Diderot, a co-editor of the Encyclopédie. D'Alembert's formula for obtaining solutions to the wave equation is named after him. The wave equation is sometimes referred to as d'Alembert's equation, and the fundamental theorem of algebra is named after d'Alembert in French.
Volvo P80 platform
The Volvo P80 platform was a Swedish mid-size unibody automobile platform developed and produced by Volvo Cars. It was in use from 1991 to 2005. It is designed for different wheelbases in front-wheel drive configurations and was adapted to all wheel drive. It debuted with the 1991 Volvo 850. Although heavily modified by TWR, the same basic chassis was used as the underpinnings for the C70. After the model year 2000 most P80 models were replaced by their P2 successors, with the exception of the C70 convertible which remained in production until 2005. A total of 1,360,522 cars based on this platform were built.

The platform utilises a front engine transaxle design with engines and gearboxes mounted transversely on a subframe. Only straight 5 engines were offered. A front subframe and front MacPherson struts were used and either Volvo's patented Deltalink rear axle on FWD models or Volvo's Multi-Link rear suspension with an independent rear subframe on AWD models.

Front-wheel drive
Front-wheel drive (FWD) is a form of engine and transmission layout used in motor vehicles, in which the engine drives the front wheels only. Most modern front-wheel-drive vehicles feature a transverse engine, rather than the conventional longitudinal engine arrangement generally found in rear-wheel-drive and four-wheel-drive vehicles.
Rokietnica railway station
Rokietnica railway station is a railway station serving the village of Rokietnica, in the Greater Poland Voivodeship, Poland. The station is located on the Poznań–Szczecin railway and the now closed Rokietnica–Skwierzyna railway. The train services are operated by Przewozy Regionalne.

Poznań–Szczecin railway
The Poznań–Szczecin railway is a Polish 213-kilometre (132 mi) rail transport line that connects Poznań with Krzyż Wielkopolski, Stargard and further to Szczecin.  The railway is part of European TEN-T route E59 from Scandinavia to Vienna, Budapest and Prague.
De Nardi
De Nardi was a professional cycling team based in Italy. Founded under a Slovak license, they helped nurture talented young riders. In 2003, the merged with Team Colpack-Astro, and took on Colpack as a co-sponsor. In 2005, Italian hotel group Domina Vacanze sponsored the team, having formerly sponsored a different team. For the 2005 season the team competed in the 2005 UCI ProTour. However, they didn't have the budget of the other teams and produced very few wins. For the 2006 season, the team merged with Team Wiesenhof to create Team Milram. In 2009 an amateur team sponsored by De Nardi and Colpack emerged, now known as Team Colpack.

Andriy Hrivko
Andriy Askoldovych Hrivko (Ukrainian: Андрій Аскольдович Грівко, also transliterated Hryvko or Grivko, born 7 August 1983) is a Ukrainian former racing cyclist, who rode professionally between 2005 and 2018. Since retiring from racing, Hrivko currently serves as the president of the Ukrainian Cycling Federation.
Tom Nardini
Tom Nardini is an American film actor who had a lengthy career in television. His best-known roles were in Cowboy in Africa (1967), and in Cat Ballou (1965), for which he was nominated for a Golden Globe award.

Mr. Novak
Mr. Novak is an American television drama television series starring James Franciscus in the title role as a high school teacher. The series aired on NBC for two seasons, from 1963 to 1965. It won a Peabody Award in 1963.
Lafayette Square, Washington, D.C.
Lafayette Square is a seven-acre (28,327 m2) public park located within President's Park in Washington, D.C., directly north of the White House on H Street, bounded by Jackson Place on the west, Madison Place on the east and Pennsylvania Avenue on the south. It is named for the general, the Marquis de Lafayette, a French aristocrat, and hero of the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783).

The square includes several statues of revolutionary heroes from Europe, including Lafayette. At its center is a famous statue of early 19th century U.S. president and general Andrew Jackson on horseback with both of the horse's front hooves raised.

In 1970, Lafayette Square and the surrounding structures were designated the Lafayette Square Historic District.

Madison Place
Madison Place is a one-block street located in northwest Washington, D.C., across from the White House. It forms the eastern border of Lafayette Square (the northernmost part of President's Park) between Pennsylvania Avenue and H Street NW. Buildings on Madison Place include the Howard T. Markey National Courts Building, the Benjamin Ogle Tayloe House, the Cutts-Madison House, and the Freedman's Bank Building. The street is part of the Lafayette Square Historic District.
Sayan Ghosh
Sayan Ghosh (Bengali: সায়ন ঘোষ; born 16 September 1992) is an Indian cricketer who plays for Bengal. He made his first-class debut on 7 November 2015 in the 2015–16 Ranji Trophy. In February 2017, he was bought by the Kolkata Knight Riders team for the 2017 Indian Premier League for 10 lakhs. In January 2018, he was bought by the Delhi Capitals in the 2018 IPL auction.

Lakh
A lakh (/læk, lɑːk/; abbreviated L; sometimes written lac) is a unit in the Indian numbering system equal to one hundred thousand (100,000; scientific notation: 105).  In the Indian 2, 2, 3 convention of digit grouping, it is written as 1,00,000. For example, in India, 150,000 rupees becomes 1.5 lakh rupees, written as ₹1,50,000 or INR 1,50,000.

It is widely used both in official and other contexts in Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. It is often used in Bangladeshi, Indian, Pakistani, and Sri Lankan English.
1887 Lafayette football team
The 1887 Lafayette football team was an American football team that represented Lafayette College as an independent during the 1887 college football season. Playing without a regular coach, the team compiled a 7–2 record and outscored opponents by a total of 141 to 67. Frederick Paye was the team captain, and H. Martin was the manager. The team played its home games on The Quad in Easton, Pennsylvania.

1887 college football season
The 1887 college football season had no clear-cut champion, with the Official NCAA Division I Football Records Book listing Yale as having been selected national champions.  In the West, the 1887 Michigan Wolverines football team compiled a 5–0 record, including three wins over Notre Dame (who was playing its first game ever and did not have a varsity team yet ), and outscored its opponents by a combined score of 102 to 10.
Harney section
The Harney section is an intermontane plateau in eastern Oregon that borders the Great Basin section to the south, the Middle Cascade section to the west and three other Columbia Plateau sections on the north, northeast, and east (Walla Walla, Blue Mountain, and Piute).

The Harney Basin is the drainage basin that includes the watershed of the Harney and Malheur Lakes within the Oregon closed basin to the south of this United States physiographic region.

Great Basin
The Great Basin (Spanish: Gran Cuenca) is the largest area of contiguous endorheic watersheds, those with no outlets to the ocean, in North America. It spans nearly all of Nevada, much of Utah, and portions of California, Idaho, Oregon, Wyoming, and Baja California. It is noted for both its arid climate and the basin and range topography that varies from the North American low point at Badwater Basin in Death Valley to the highest point of the contiguous United States, less than 100 miles (160 km) away at the summit of Mount Whitney. The region spans several physiographic divisions, biomes, ecoregions, and deserts.
Cantata++
Cantata++, commonly referred to as Cantata in newer versions, is a commercial computer program designed for dynamic testing, with a focus on unit testing and integration testing, as well as run time code coverage analysis for C and C++ programs. It is developed and marketed by QA Systems, a multinational company with headquarters in Waiblingen, Germany.

Unit testing
Unit testing, a.k.a. component or module testing, is a form of software testing by which isolated source code is tested to validate expected behavior.

Unit testing describes tests that are run at the unit-level to contrast testing at the integration or system level.
Mass No. 5 (Schubert)
Mass No. 5 in A-flat major, D 678, is a mass composed by Franz Schubert, completed in 1822. There is no record of a performance during Schubert's lifetime. It is scored for soprano, alto, tenor and bass soloists, SATB choir with divisi, violin I and II, viola, flute, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons, 2 horns, 2 trumpets, 3 trombones colla parte, timpani and basso continuo (cello, double bass and organ). It is classified as a missa solemnis.

Glossary of music terminology
A variety of musical terms are encountered in printed scores, music reviews, and program notes. Most of the terms are Italian, in accordance with the Italian origins of many European musical conventions. Sometimes, the special musical meanings of these phrases differ from the original or current Italian meanings. Most of the other terms are taken from French and German, indicated by Fr. and Ger., respectively.

Unless specified, the terms are Italian or English. The list can never be complete: some terms are common, and others are used only occasionally, and new ones are coined from time to time. Some composers prefer terms from their own language rather than the standard terms listed here.
Moses Liddell
Moses Liddell (March 5, 1785 – June 13, 1856) was a 19th-century American cotton plantation owner and Mississippi state legislator from Wilkinson County, Mississippi. As of 1817 he was a trustee of Wilkinson Academy. He served three terms in the Mississippi House of Representatives in the early 1820s. In 1826 he was involved in the organization of the Woodville and Homochitto Turnpike Company. He also served as a county court judge. His property was near that of future U.S. Senator George Poindexter. The Confederate general St. John Liddell was his son, and sugar planter John Hampden Randolph was his son-in-law.

Wilkinson County, Mississippi
Wilkinson County is a county located in the southwest corner of the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of 2020, its population was 8,587. Its county seat is Woodville. Bordered by the Mississippi River on the west, the county is named for James Wilkinson, a Revolutionary War military leader and first governor of the Louisiana Territory after its acquisition by the United States in 1803.
GScube
The GScube was a hardware tool released by Sony intended for use in CGI production houses consisting of a custom variant of sixteen PlayStation 2 motherboards running in parallel. The PlayStation 2 (PS2) is a video game console that was manufactured by Sony Computer Entertainment. It was released on March 4, 2000, in Japan followed by North America and Europe later the same year. It was unveiled that same year at SIGGRAPH; the name "GSCube" is short for Graphics Synthesizer Cube. It was used for two projects, Final Fantasy: The Spirits Within and the film incarnation of Resident Evil.

According to some sources, they were all sent back to Sony in Japan and were subsequently dismantled. They were used for prototyping visual rendering in Final Fantasy, The Matrix and Antz, as well as in a flight simulator. Although the GSCube had good rendering capability, they had a major bottleneck in connecting to external computers to transfer content.

SIGGRAPH
SIGGRAPH is an annual conference centered around computer graphics organized by ACM, starting in 1974 in Boulder, CO. The main conference has always been held in North America; SIGGRAPH Asia, a second conference held annually, has been held since 2008 in countries throughout Asia, as well as twice in Australia.
Collège Sainte-Barbe
The Collège Sainte-Barbe (French pronunciation: [kɔlɛʒ sɛ̃t baʁb]) is a former college in the 5th arrondissement of Paris, France.

The Collège Sainte-Barbe was founded in 1460 on Montagne Sainte-Geneviève (Latin Quarter, Paris). It was until its closure in June 1999 the "oldest" identified college of Paris.

The Barbiste Spirit is kept alive through the Friendly Association of Old Barbistes, founded in 1820, recognized a public society since 1880, which is the oldest association of alumni of France, "l'Association Amicale des Anciens Barbistes".

Montagne Sainte-Geneviève
The Montagne Sainte-Geneviève (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃taɲ sɛ̃t ʒənvjɛv]) is a hill overlooking the left bank of the Seine in the 5th arrondissement of Paris, France. It was known to the ancient Romans as Mons Lucotitius. Atop the Montagne are the Panthéon and the Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève. The side streets of the Montagne feature bars and restaurants, for example, in the Rue Mouffetard.

Moreover, the former campus of the École Polytechnique, located on the Montagne, now is the Ministry of Research. On the other side of the Montagne lie the rue d'Ulm and the École Normale Supérieure. Around AD 1110, the scholar and philosopher, Peter Abelard, established a school on the Montagne; twenty-six years later, Abelard returned, in the year 1136.
Tony Palmer (director)
Tony Palmer (born 29 August 1941) is a British film director and author. His work includes over 100 films, ranging from early works with the Beatles, Cream, Jimi Hendrix, Rory Gallagher (Irish Tour '74) and Frank Zappa (200 Motels), to his classical portraits which include profiles of Maria Callas, Margot Fonteyn, John Osborne, Igor Stravinsky, Richard Wagner, Yehudi Menuhin, Julian Lloyd Webber, Carl Orff, Benjamin Britten and Ralph Vaughan Williams.  He is also a stage director of theatre and opera.

Among over 40 international prizes for his work are 12 Gold Medals from the New York Film Festival as well as numerous BAFTAs and Emmy Awards. Palmer has won the Prix Italia twice, for A Time There Was in 1980 and At the Haunted End of the Day in 1981. He is a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, and an honorary citizen of both New Orleans and Athens.

Yehudi Menuhin
Yehudi Menuhin, Baron Menuhin (22 April 1916 – 12 March 1999), was an American-born British violinist and conductor who spent most of his performing career in Britain. He is widely considered one of the greatest violinists of the 20th century.
Ernest Howard Griffiths
Ernest Howard Griffiths (15 June 1851 – 3 March 1932) was a British physicist born in Brecon, Wales. He was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1895 and won its Hughes Medal in 1907.  On his maternal side he was a descendant of the 17th-century admiral Robert Blake.

Griffiths was appointed principal of the University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire, Cardiff in 1901 and given a professorship in experimental philosophy. He was a Fellow of Jesus College, Oxford in 1905, 1909, 1913, and 1917, as part of a system whereby a college fellowship rotated amongst the principals of Welsh university colleges.

Robert Blake (admiral)
Robert Blake (27 September 1598 – 7 August 1657) was an English naval officer who served as general at sea and the Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports from 1656 to 1657. Blake served under Oliver Cromwell during the English Civil War and Anglo-Spanish War, and as the commanding Admiral of the State's Navy during the First Anglo-Dutch War. Blake is recognised as the "chief founder of England's naval supremacy", a dominance subsequently inherited by the British Royal Navy well into the early 20th century. Despite this, due to deliberate attempts to expunge the Parliamentarians from historical records following the Stuart Restoration, Blake's achievements tend to remain relatively unrecognised. Blake's successes, however, are considered to have "never been excelled, not even by Nelson" according to one biographer, while Blake is often compared with Nelson by others.
David Toop
David Toop (born 5 May 1949) is an English musician, author, curator, sound artist, and academic, widely known for his work on improvisation, sound culture, and listening practices. He was a long-standing contributor to The Wire and The Face, and a member of the British new wave band The Flying Lizards.

He has been active across experimental music, sound art, ethnography, and writing for more than five decades. Toop has performed on a wide array of instruments and sound-making devices, authored influential books on sound and popular music, and held senior academic appointments at the University of the Arts London (UAL). He is Emeritus Professor at the London College of Communication (LCC).

Lawrence English
Lawrence English (born 1976) is an Australian composer, artist, and curator from Brisbane. His work is broadly concerned with the politics of perception, specifically he is interested in the nature of listening, and sounds' capability to occupy the body. He is the director of the imprint Room40, started in 2000. He and Jamie Stewart from Xiu Xiu have an ongoing collaboration named Hexa.
Wyoming's 9th House of Representatives district
Wyoming's 9th House of Representatives district is one of 62 districts in the Wyoming House of Representatives. The district encompasses part of Laramie County. It is represented by Republican Representative Landon Brown of Cheyenne.

In 1992, the state of Wyoming switched from electing state legislators by county to a district-based system.

Laramie County, Wyoming
Laramie County is a county located at the southeast corner of the state of Wyoming. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 100,512 or 17.4% of the state's total 2020 population, making it the most populous county in Wyoming, but the least populous county in the United States to be the most populous in its state. The county seat is Cheyenne, the state capital. The county lies west of the Nebraska state line and north of the Colorado state line. Laramie County comprises the Cheyenne, WY Metropolitan Statistical Area. The city of Laramie, Wyoming, is in neighboring Albany County.
Volvo Dún Laoghaire Regatta
The Volvo Dún Laoghaire Regatta (originally launched as the Dun Laoghaire Regatta in 2005) is a biennial sailing regatta hosted by the Dun Laoghaire Motor Yacht Club, National Yacht Club, Royal Irish Yacht Club, and Royal St George Yacht Club in  Dublin Bay, Ireland.  With 2500 sailors and 400 boats competing in 28 classes, it is the largest sailing regatta in Ireland and the second largest in the British Isles.  The inaugural event was held in 2005, and the next event is scheduled for 6–9 July 2017.

Royal Irish Yacht Club
The Royal Irish Yacht Club is a yacht club located in Dún Laoghaire Harbour, County Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown, Republic of Ireland. The club was founded in 1831, with the Marquess of Anglesey, who commanded the cavalry at the Battle of Waterloo being its first Commodore. John Skipton Mulvany designed the clubhouse, which still retains a number of original architectural features since being opened in 1851.
Carnival of Lost Souls
Carnival of Lost Souls is the fifth album by Dark ambient musical duo Nox Arcana, loosely based on the novel Something Wicked This Way Comes by Ray Bradbury. On this album, Nox Arcana performs a style of music that is indicative of a late 19th-early 20th century circus or Vaudeville act, albeit with a darker, more sinister tone and effect.

In 2017, Carnival Of Lost Souls was ranked by Pretty Famous on MSN at #101 for Best Album of All Time. Nox Arcana made the list with other influential musical artists including The Beatles, Led Zeppelin, The Rolling Stones, and The Ramones.

Dark ambient
Dark ambient (originally known as ambient industrial) is a subgenre of post-industrial music, that originally emerged in the mid-1980s. It draws primary influence from ambient music and is characterized by ominous, dark drones, discordant overtones and a gloomy, monumental or catacomb-inspired atmosphere. Although mostly an electronic genre, artists frequently sample traditional instruments and make use of semi-acoustic recording procedures.
Bob Brown (ice hockey)
Robert "Bob" Brown (born December 18, 1950) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player who played in the World Hockey Association (WHA). He played parts of two WHA seasons for the Philadelphia Blazers, New York Raiders, New York Golden Blades and Jersey Knights. Brown was drafted in the sixth round of the 1970 NHL Amateur Draft by the Montreal Canadiens.

As a youth, Brown played in the 1963 Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament with the Scarboro Lions minor ice hockey team.

Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament
The Quebec International Pee-Wee Hockey Tournament (French: Tournoi international de hockey pee-wee de Québec) is an annual minor ice hockey event in Quebec City. The tournament was founded in 1960 to coincide with the Quebec Winter Carnival, and give an opportunity for international competition to players less than 12 years old. The tournament raises funds for the local Patro Roc-Amadour foundation, and is operated mostly by volunteers, with a few staff. The event takes place each year in February at Centre Vidéotron, and previously spent 56 seasons at Quebec Coliseum. As of 2018, the event has showcased the talent of over 1,200 future professionals in the National Hockey League or the World Hockey Association.
Syeikh Abdullah Fahim
Syeikh Abdullah bin Ibrahim Badawi Fahim (Jawi: شيخ عبد الله فهيم‎; c. 1869 – 27 April 1961) was a Malaysian Islamic scholar, nationalist, writer, and expert in Islamic astronomy (falak). He is noted for determining  the date of Malaya's independence as 31 August 1957 when consulted by national leaders. He served as the first Mufti of Penang following Malaysian independence and was the paternal grandfather of Malaysia’s fifth Prime Minister, Abdullah Ahmad Badawi.

Hizbul Muslimin
Muslim People's Party of Malaya (Malay: Parti Orang Muslimin Malaya, abbreviated HAMIM or Hizbul Muslimin) is a defunct political party formed in British Malaya on 17 March 1948. Hizbul Muslimin was the first Islamist political party in Malaya, established with the aim of achieving Federation of Malaya independence from British colonial rule.