hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bobryk
Bobryk (Ukrainian: Бобрик) is a village in Myrhorod Raion, Poltava Oblast, Ukraine. It belongs to Velyki Budyshcha rural hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. It has a population of 791. The local self-government body is the Bobrytska village council. The village of Bobryk is located on the left bank of the Psel River, downstream at a distance of 4.5 km is the village of Vepryk. The river in this place is winding, forming estuaries, and old and marshy lakes. It is located 22 kilometers from the district center and 24 kilometers to the Hadiach railway station. It has an elevation of 113 meters.

Until 18 July 2020, Bobryk belonged to Hadiach Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Poltava Oblast to four. The area of Hadiach Raion was merged into Myrhorod Raion.

In 2022, it was invaded and captured by Russian forces for some time.

Hadiach
Hadiach (Ukrainian: Гадяч, pronounced [ˈɦɑdʲɐtʃ]) is a city in Myrhorod Raion, Poltava Oblast in east-central Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Hadiach urban hromada. Hadiach is located on the Psel River. Population: 22,851 (2022 estimate).
Brian Brown (Australian footballer)
Brian Brown (born 27 September 1957) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Fitzroy and Essendon in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Brown, who often played in the back pocket, struggled with injuries while at Fitzroy but put together 15 games in 1977 and 19 games in 1978. He missed the entire 1980 season through injury but returned in 1981 to add a further seven games and during the year bring up his 50th VFL game. This would later prove crucial as the Brisbane Lions were able to sign his son Jonathan under the father–son rule in 1999.

He spent the 1982 VFL season at Essendon and then signed with Coburg, where he played in 1983. From 1984 to 1986, Brown captain-coached Colac in the Hampden Football League. He continued on in 1987 as a player and was the league's 'Best and Fairest' winner.

Father–son rule
The father–son rule is a rule that allows clubs preferential recruiting access to the sons of players who have made a major past contribution to the club in Australian rules football, most notably in the Australian Football League.

The rule was first established in 1949, and there have been more than ten amendments, most recently the refining of the draft bidding process in 2015.
Sir Theodore Brinckman, 2nd Baronet
Sir Theodore Henry Brinckman, 2nd Baronet DL (12 September 1830 – 7 May 1905) was a British Liberal politician and soldier.

He was the son of Sir Theodore Brinckman, 1st Baronet and his first wife Hon. Charlotte Godolphin Osborne, only daughter of Francis Osborne, 1st Baron Godolphin. In 1880, he succeeded his father as baronet. Brinckman was educated at Eton and served then in the 17th Regiment of Foot. He fought in the Crimean War and reached the rank of captain. Brinckman was Deputy Lieutenant of Tower Hamlets and sat as Member of Parliament (MP) for Canterbury from 1868 to 1874.

On 18 July 1861, he married Lady Cecilia Augusta Conyngham, youngest daughter of Francis Conyngham, 2nd Marquess Conyngham at St George's, Hanover Square. They lived at St. Leonard's in Clewer near Windsor in Berkshire and had two sons. Brinckman was succeeded in the baronetcy by his older son Theodore Francis Brinckman, whose first wife was Fanny Lucy Radmall, later better known as Lucy, Lady Houston.

Royal Leicestershire Regiment
The Leicestershire Regiment (Royal Leicestershire Regiment after 1946) was a line infantry regiment of the British Army, with a history going back to 1688. The regiment saw service for three centuries, in numerous wars and conflicts such as both World War I and World War II, before being amalgamated, in September 1964, with the 1st East Anglian Regiment (Royal Norfolk and Suffolk), the 2nd East Anglian Regiment (Duchess of Gloucester's Own Royal Lincolnshire and Northamptonshire) and the 3rd East Anglian Regiment (16th/44th Foot) to form the present day Royal Anglian Regiment, of which B Company of the 2nd Battalion continues the lineage of the Royal Leicestershire Regiment.
William E. Dodge
William Earl Dodge Sr. (September 4, 1805 – February 9, 1883) was an American businessman, politician, and activist. He was referred to as one of the "Merchant Princes" of Wall Street in the years leading up to the American Civil War.  Dodge saw slavery as an evil to be peaceably removed, but not to be interfered with where it existed. He was a Native American rights activist and served as the president of the National Temperance Society from 1865 to 1883. Dodge represented New York's 8th congressional district in the United States Congress for a portion of the 39th United States Congress in 1866–1867 and was a founding member of the YMCA of the US.

39th United States Congress
The 39th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1865, to March 4, 1867, during Abraham Lincoln's final month as president, and the first two years of the administration of his successor, Andrew Johnson.

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the 1860 United States census. Both chambers had a Republican majority.
Water Lily (cocktail)
The Water Lily is a cocktail made with gin, crème de violette, orange liqueur such as triple sec or cointreau, and fresh lemon juice. It can be garnished with orange zest and served in a coupe glass.

The variation White Lily is made with gin, rum and Cointreau, and the anise-flavored French liquor pastis, omitting the violet liquor.

Cointreau
Cointreau (UK: /ˈkwɒntroʊ, ˈkwɑːn-/, US: /kwɑːnˈtroʊ, kwæ̃ˈ-/, French: [kwɛ̃tʁo]) is a brand of orange-flavoured triple sec liqueur produced in Saint-Barthélemy-d'Anjou, France. It is consumed as an apéritif and digestif, and is a component of several well-known cocktails. It was originally called Curaçao Blanco Triple Sec. Despite the orange bottle, Cointreau is colourless. Cointreau also produces Cointreau Noir, a blend of 70% Cointreau and 30% cognac from the House of Rémy Martin. Though the term Cointreau is usually used to refer to the triple sec liqueur itself, the specific term Cointreau L'Unique may be used to distinguish it from related products, such as the aforementioned Cointreau Noir.
2019 Nigerian Senate elections in Osun State
The 2019 Nigerian Senate election in Osun State was held on February 23, 2019, to elect members of the Nigerian Senate to represent Osun State. Adelere Adeyemi Oriolowo representing Osun West and Ajibola Basiru representing Osun Central won on the platform of All Progressives Congress, while Francis Adenigba Fadahunsi representing Osun East won on the platform of Peoples Democratic Party.

Independent National Electoral Commission (Nigeria)
The Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC) is the electoral body which oversees elections in Nigeria. It was established in 1998 shortly before Nigeria's transition from military to civilian rule.
Jamie Bender
Jamie Bender (born February 26, 1990) is an American former football defensive back. He played college football at University of Alabama at Birmingham and attended Raleigh High School in Raleigh, Mississippi. He was a member of the Green Bay Blizzard, Nebraska Danger, Cleveland Gladiators, Iowa Barnstormers and Richmond Roughriders.

Cleveland Gladiators
The Cleveland Gladiators were an arena football team based in Cleveland, Ohio, and members of the Arena Football League (AFL). The Gladiators played their home games at Quicken Loans Arena, which they shared with the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association and the Cleveland Monsters of the American Hockey League. The franchise was originally based in East Rutherford, New Jersey, and then later in Las Vegas, Nevada, before relocating to Cleveland for the 2008 AFL season. The Gladiators qualified for the playoffs eight times in their history, reaching the ArenaBowl in 2014.

The Gladiators announced that they would not play the 2018 and 2019 seasons due to renovations on Quicken Loans Arena that required it to close during the NBA offseason and were granted a two-season hiatus. Before the team could return in 2020, the league filed for bankruptcy and ceased operations.
Oodini
Oodini is a ground beetle tribe in the subfamily Harpalinae. Oodines are found worldwide (with highest diversity in tropical Africa) and are generally associated with standing water. This tribe contains more than 400 species arrayed in 43 genera. Beetles in Oodini are distinguishable from other members of Carabidae by a combination of two characters: a laterally coadunate metepisternum (a feature of the exoskeleton), and an elytral ridge formed by the fusion of intervals 7 and 8.

Afrotropical realm
The Afrotropical realm is one of the Earth's eight biogeographic realms. It includes Sub-Saharan Africa, the southern Arabian Peninsula, the island of Madagascar, and the islands of the western Indian Ocean. It was formerly known as the Ethiopian Zone or Ethiopian Region.
William Woestendiek
William John Woestendiek (March 14, 1924 – January 16, 2015) was an American editor and journalist. A native of Newark, New Jersey, he began his journalism career at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina. He served in the United States Army during World War II and in the Korean War.

Chapel Hill, North Carolina
Chapel Hill is a town in the counties of Orange and Durham, North Carolina, United States. Its population was 61,960 in the 2020 United States census, making Chapel Hill the 17th-most populous municipality in the state. Chapel Hill and Durham make up the Durham–Chapel Hill, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, which had an estimated population of 608,879 in 2023. When it is combined with Raleigh, the state capital, they make up the corners of the Research Triangle (officially the Raleigh–Durham–Cary, NC Combined Statistical Area), which had an estimated population of 2,368,947 in 2023.

The town was founded in 1793 and is centered on Franklin Street, covering 21.3 square miles (55 km2). It contains several districts and buildings listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and UNC Health Care are a major part of the economy and town influence. Local artists have created many murals in the town.
Gel (song)
"Gel" is a song by American alternative rock band Collective Soul. It served as the lead single from their 1995 eponymous album and was serviced to US radio in January 1995. Written by singer and guitarist Ed Roland, "Gel" reached number two on the US Billboard Album Rock Tracks chart, number 14 on the Modern Rock Tracks chart, and number 49 on the Hot 100 Airplay chart. Internationally, the song reached number eight in Canada and number 52 in Australia. Aside from the single's radio success, "Gel" was also featured in the 1995 comedy film The Jerky Boys and its eponymous soundtrack.

Radio Songs (chart)
The Radio Songs chart (previously named Hot 100 Airplay until 2014 and Top 40 Radio Monitor until July 1993) is released weekly by Billboard magazine and measures the airplay of songs being played on radio stations throughout the United States across all musical genres. It is one of the three components, along with sales (both physical and the digital) and streaming activity, that determine the chart positions of songs on the Billboard Hot 100.
John McKinnon (Nova Scotia politician, born 1808)
John McKinnon (November 20, 1808 – September 8, 1892) was a political figure in Nova Scotia. He represented Sydney County and later Antigonish County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1850 to 1867.

He was born in Dorchester, Antigonish County, Nova Scotia, the son of John McKinnon, an immigrant from Scotland, and was educated in Dorchester. In 1834, he married Jeannet Chisholm. He was a minister without portfolio in the province's Executive Council from 1857 to 1860 and from 1863 to 1867. In 1868, he was named to the Legislative Council of Nova Scotia. McKinnon also served as an Agricultural Commissioner for Nova Scotia.

His son John J. McKinnon also served in the provincial assembly.

Legislative Council of Nova Scotia
The Legislative Council of Nova Scotia was the upper house of the legislature of the Canadian province of Nova Scotia.  It existed from 1838 to May 31, 1928. From the establishment of responsible government in 1848, members were appointed by the lieutenant governor of Nova Scotia on the advice of the premier.
Peniculus minuticaudae
Peniculus minuticaudae is a species of parasitic pennellid copepod. It is known from the northeast Pacific Ocean. It was originally described in 1956, redescribed in 2012, and its complete life cycle has been elucidated on the cultured threadsail filefish, Stephanolepis cirrhifer in 2013.

Fish diseases and parasites
Like humans and other animals, fish suffer from diseases and parasites. Fish defences against disease are specific and non-specific. Non-specific defences include skin and scales, as well as the mucus layer secreted by the epidermis that traps microorganisms and inhibits their growth. If pathogens breach these defences, fish can develop inflammatory responses that increase the flow of blood to infected areas and deliver white blood cells that attempt to destroy the pathogens.

Specific defences are specialised responses to particular pathogens recognised by the fish's body, that is adaptative immune responses. In recent years, vaccines have become widely used in aquaculture and ornamental fish, for example vaccines for commercial food fishes like Aeromonas salmonicida, furunculosis in salmon and Lactococcosis\Streptococcosis  in farmed grey mullet, Tilapia and koi herpes virus in koi.

Some commercially important fish diseases are VHS, ICH, and whirling disease.
Mika Brzezinski
Mika Emilie Leonia Brzezinski Scarborough (/ˈmiːkə brəˈzɪnski/; née Brzezinski; born May 2, 1967) is an American talk show host who co-hosts MS NOW's weekday morning broadcast show Morning Joe alongside her husband Joe Scarborough. She was formerly a CBS News correspondent, and was their principal "Ground Zero" reporter during the morning of the September 11 attacks. In 2007, she joined MSNBC as an occasional anchor, and was subsequently chosen as co-host of Morning Joe.

Brzezinski is the daughter of diplomat and political scientist Zbigniew Brzezinski, who served as a counselor to President Lyndon B. Johnson and as the National Security Advisor to President Jimmy Carter. Brzezinski is a visiting fellow at the Harvard Institute of Politics. Her main political interest is in wage equality for women. She is the author of six books.

Institute of Politics at Harvard Kennedy School
The Institute of Politics at Harvard Kennedy School (IOP) is a nonpartisan extracurricular program associated with the Harvard Kennedy School at Harvard University. It was created in 1966 to serve as a living memorial to President John F. Kennedy and to inspire Harvard undergraduates to consider careers in politics and public service.
Linspire
Linspire (formerly Lindows) is a commercial operating system based on Debian and Ubuntu and currently owned by PC/OpenSystems LLC. It had been owned by Linspire. Inc. from 2001 to 2008, and then by Xandros from 2008 to 2017.

On July 1, 2008, Linspire stockholders elected to change the company's name to Digital Cornerstone, and all assets were acquired by Xandros.

On August 8, 2008, Andreas Typaldos, CEO of Xandros, announced that Linspire would be discontinued in favor of Xandros; Freespire would change its base code from Ubuntu to Debian; and the Linspire brand would cease to exist.

On January 1, 2018, it was announced that PC/OpenSystems LLC had purchased Linspire and Freespire from Xandros, and that Linspire 7 was available for $79.99, while Freespire 3 was available for free.

Groklaw
Groklaw was a website that covered legal news of interest to the free and open source software community. Started as a law blog on May 16, 2003, by paralegal Pamela Jones ("PJ"), it covered issues such as the SCO-Linux lawsuits, the EU antitrust case against Microsoft, and the standardization of Office Open XML.

Jones described Groklaw as "a place where lawyers and geeks could explain things to each other and work together, so they'd understand each other's work better".

Its name derives from "grok", roughly meaning "to understand completely", which had previously entered geek slang.

Other topics covered included software patents, DMCA, the actions of the RIAA against alleged illegal file sharers, and actions against free and open software such as Android and Linux.
Soavina, Betafo
Soavina is a town and commune in Madagascar. It belongs to the district of Betafo, which is a part of Vakinankaratra Region. The population of the commune was estimated to be approximately 20,000 in 2001 commune census.

Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 75% of the population of the commune are farmers, while an additional 25% receives their livelihood from raising livestock. The most important crops are rice and bambara groundnut, while other important agricultural products are maize and cassava.

Vakinankaratra
Vakinankaratra is a region in central Madagascar. The capital of the region is Antsirabe. It's one of the four regions of the Antananarivo Province. Vakinankaratra covers an area of 16,599 kilometres (10,314 miles), and had a population of 2,074,358 in 2018.
Carter Ashton
Carter Ashton (born April 1, 1991) is a Canadian professional ice hockey player currently playing for Södertälje SK of the HockeyAllsvenskan . Ashton was drafted 29th overall by the Tampa Bay Lightning in the 2009 NHL entry draft. He was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, but grew up in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan.

Södertälje SK
Södertälje Sportklubb, also known as Södertälje SK and often referred to as SSK, is a Swedish professional ice hockey club playing in HockeyAllsvenskan, the second highest level of pro hockey in Sweden. Södertälje were charter members of Elitserien when the league was founded in 1975 and have since played 24 seasons in the league (1975–1978, 1980–1981, 1983–1992, 1996–1998, 2001–2006, 2007–2011). Södertälje SK's fan club is known as Supporterklubben
Primitive Methodism in the United Kingdom
Primitive Methodism was a major movement in English and Welsh Methodism from about 1810 until the Methodist Union in 1932. It emerged from a revival at Mow Cop in Staffordshire. Primitive meant "simple" or "relating to an original stage"; the Primitive Methodists saw themselves as practising a purer form of Christianity, closer to that of the earliest Methodists. Although the denomination did not bear the name "Wesleyan" (unlike the earlier Wesleyan Methodist Church), Primitive Methodism was Wesleyan in theology, in contrast to the Calvinistic Methodists.

Lorenzo Dow
Lorenzo Dow (October 16, 1777 – February 2, 1834) was an eccentric itinerant American evangelist, said to have preached to more people than any other preacher of his era. He became an important figure and a popular writer. His autobiography at one time was the second best-selling book in the United States, exceeded only by the Bible.
Lysias
Lysias (/ˈlɪsiəs/; Λυσίας; c. 445 – c. 380 BC) was an Athenian logographer and one of the ten Attic orators later canonized by Aristophanes of Byzantium and Aristarchus of Samothrace. He wrote speeches for litigants across a wide range of public and private actions during the late fifth and early fourth centuries BC, with thirty-four transmitted in the medieval corpus and many others known by title or fragment. Ancient critics, especially Dionysius of Halicarnassus, and modern scholarship identify Lysias as an exemplar of the plain style, emphasizing idiomatic diction, character-appropriate voice, and concise narrative framing. His speech Against Eratosthenes and the fragmentary Olympic Oration are commonly cited for historical evidence on postwar Athens and for programmatic statements on Greek politics.

Corax of Syracuse
Corax (Greek: Κόραξ, Korax; fl. 5th century BC) was one of the founders (along with Tisias) of ancient Greek rhetoric.  Some scholars contend that both founders are merely legendary personages, others that Corax and Tisias were the same person, described in one fragment as "Tisias, the Crow" (corax is ancient Greek for "crow"). And according to Aristotle, Empedocles was the actual founder of rhetoric, but this is also unlikely. It is believed that William Shakespeare derived the name Sycorax from Corax of Syracuse. Corax is said to have lived in Sicily, Magna Graecia, in the 5th century BC, when Thrasybulus, tyrant of Syracuse, was overthrown and a democracy formed.
British Journal of Management
The British Journal of Management is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal, which was established by David T. Otley in 1990. It is the official journal of the British Academy of Management and is published by Wiley-Blackwell. The editors-in-chief are Riikka Sarala (University of North Carolina at Greensboro), Shuang Ren (Queen's University Belfast), and Paul Hibbert (University of Warwick).

The journal covers "empirical, conceptual and methodological articles across the full range of business and management disciplines". It publishes occasional special issues on a particular theme. The journal does not accept review papers or papers based on surveys of students. Review papers are directed to its sister journal, the International Journal of Management Reviews, also published by the British Academy of Management.

The early history of the journal has been outlined by its second editor-in-chief Gerard P. Hodgkinson.

University of North Carolina at Greensboro
The University of North Carolina at Greensboro (UNCG or UNC Greensboro) is a public research university in Greensboro, North Carolina. It is part of the University of North Carolina system. It is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges to award baccalaureate, master's, specialist, and doctoral degrees.

The university offers over 100 undergraduate, 61 master's, and 26 doctoral programs. UNCG is also home to the Weatherspoon Art Museum.
Shirali Muslimov
Shirali Farzali oghlu Muslumov, also spelled as Muslimov (Azerbaijani: Şirəli Fərzəli oğlu Müslümov, pronounced [ʃiɾæˈli mysˈlymov]; Russian: Ширали Фарзали оглы Муслимов; Talysh: Širali Farzali zoa Müslümov; allegedly March 26, 1805? – September 2, 1973) was an Azerbaijani shepherd of Talysh ethnicity from the village of Barzavu in the Lerik District of Azerbaijan, a mountainous area near the Iranian border. He claimed to be the oldest person who ever lived when he died on September 2, 1973, at the alleged age of 168. In 1966, the studio Azerbaijanfilm shot a documentary film about him, Shirali descended from the mountain.

Talysh language
Talysh (تؤلشه زوؤن, Tolışə Zıvon, Tолышә зывон) is a Northwestern Iranian language spoken in the northern regions of the Iranian provinces of Gilan and Ardabil and the southern regions of the Republic of Azerbaijan by around 500,000-800,000 people. Talysh language is closely related to Tati and Zaza languages and along with Tati and Zaza, is located at the westernmost part of the Western Iranian languages. It includes many dialects usually divided into three main clusters: Northern (in Azerbaijan and Iran), Central (Iran) and Southern (Iran). Talysh is partially, but not fully, intelligible with Persian. Talysh is classified as "vulnerable" by UNESCO's Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger.