hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bintang Radio
Bintang Radio Indonesia (lit. 'Indonesian Radio Star'), commonly also known as Bintang Radio (lit. 'Radio Star'), is an Indonesian singing competition and radio program aired by one of the country's public broadcaster Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI). Currently the show is broadcast on the RRI's youth-oriented radio network RRI Programa 2 and its television channel RRI NET. It was first held in 1951, making it the oldest singing competition program in Indonesian broadcasting.

Radio program
A radio program, radio programme, or radio show is a segment of content intended for broadcast on radio. It may be a one-time production, or part of a periodically recurring series. A single program in a series is called an episode.
1960 VII South African Grand Prix
The 7th South African Grand Prix was a motor race, run to Formula Libre rules, held on 27 December in East London. The race was run over 80 laps of the circuit, and was dominated by British driver Stirling Moss who took pole and came home in first place. Jo Bonnier finished second and also set the fastest lap of the race. The 1960 Formula One World Champion Jack Brabham finished third.

The race was the second South African Grand Prix to be held in 1960, with the 6th South African Grand Prix having been held on 1 January 1960.

Formula Libre
Formula Libre, also known as Formule Libre, is a form of automobile racing allowing a wide variety of types, ages and makes of purpose-built racing cars to compete "head to head". This can make for some interesting matchups, and provides the opportunity for some compelling driving performances against superior machinery. The name translates to "Free Formula" – in Formula Libre races the only regulations typically govern basics such as safety equipment.
Adrian Furnham
Adrian Frank Furnham (born 3 February 1953) is a South African–born British BPS chartered occupational psychologist and chartered health psychologist. He is currently an adjunct professor at BI Norwegian Business School and a professor at University College London. Throughout his career, he has lectured in the following post-secondary institutions: Pembroke College, Oxford, University of New South Wales, University of the West Indies, Hong Kong University Business School, and Henley Management College.

Furnham has a broad range of research interests within the field of psychology. He has explored topics within applied, economic, health, occupational, social and differential psychology. As of 2018, he has published 92 books and over 1,200 peer-reviewed journal articles.

Furnham is a fellow of the British Psychological Society; he was granted the British Psychological Society Award for Academic Contribution to Practice in 2011.

Adjunct professor
An adjunct professor is a type of academic appointment in higher education who does not work at the establishment full-time. The terms of this appointment and the job security of the tenure vary in different parts of the world, but the term is generally agreed to mean a bona-fide part-time faculty member in an adjunct position at an institution of higher education.
Jožef Kerec
Jožef Kerec (born Kerécz József) (15 October 1892 in Prosečka Vas – 27 June 1974) was the first Slovene Salesian missionary in China.

Kerec spent his childhood in the Prosečka Vas, Prekmurje (by 1920 in Hungary, Slovene March), where his family was from. Before departing for China, Kerec was politically active in Prekmurje. On 17 August 1919, a few days after Prekmurje became part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (colloquially called Yugoslavia), he spoke at a big public rally in Beltinci in support of Slovenia and the Kingdom, because he was Slovene and Slave.

As a missionary, Jožef Kerec departed to Macau in 1921, arrived there on 18 August 1921 and had his first mass in Macau on 26 June 1923. He also worked in Malaysia, Vietnam, Hong Kong and in China, where from 1939 till 1951 he was the apostolic administrator in the city of Zhaotong. Kerec died and was buried in Veržej, Slovenia. A memorial plaque to him is on the wall of the parish church in Pečarovci.

Zhaotong
Zhaotong (Chinese: 昭通) is a prefecture-level city located in the northeast corner of Yunnan province, China, bordering the provinces of Guizhou to the south and southeast and Sichuan to the northeast, north, and west. By the end of 2024, the resident population of the city will be 4.804 million.
Manchurocephalus
Manchurocephalus is an extinct genus from a well-known class of fossil marine arthropods, the trilobites. It lived from 501 to 490 million years ago during the Dresbachian faunal stage of the late Cambrian Period.

Stage (stratigraphy)
In chronostratigraphy, a stage is a succession of rock strata laid down in a single age on the geologic timescale, which usually represents millions of years of deposition.  A given stage of rock and the corresponding age of time will by convention have the same name, and the same boundaries.

Rock series are divided into stages, just as geological epochs are divided into ages. Stages are divided into smaller stratigraphic units called chronozones or substages, and added together into superstages.

The term faunal stage is sometimes used, referring to the fact that the same fauna (animals) are found throughout the layer (by definition).
Eun Jung Kim (computer scientist)
Eun Jung Kim (Korean: 김은정) is a South Korean computer scientist and graph theorist specializing in parameterized complexity, parameterized algorithms for constraint satisfaction problems, and width parameters in graphs and matroids. She is an associate professor at KAIST.

Matroid
In combinatorics, a matroid /ˈmeɪtrɔɪd/ is a structure that abstracts and generalizes the notion of linear independence in vector spaces. There are many equivalent ways to define a matroid axiomatically, the most significant being in terms of: independent sets; bases or circuits; rank functions; closure operators; and closed sets or flats. In the language of partially ordered sets, a finite simple matroid is equivalent to a geometric lattice.

Matroid theory borrows extensively from the terms used in both linear algebra and graph theory, largely because it is the abstraction of various notions of central importance in these fields. Matroids have found applications in geometry, topology, combinatorial optimization, network theory, and coding theory.
Sofya Subbotina
Sofya Aleksandrovna Subbotina (née Iovskaya; Russian: Софья Александровна Субботина; 1830–1919) was a Russian Narodnik revolutionary. The mother of Evgeniia, Maria and Nadezhda Subbotina, she went with her daughters to Zurich, where she joined a number of revolutionary circles. When she returned to Russia, she aided the return of fellow revolutionaries Varvara Batyushkova and Evgeniia Zavadskaya, for which she was given up to the Tsarist authorities. She was charged in the Trial of the 193 and sentenced to exile, which she spent in the regions of the Volga, Urals and Siberia, her sentence extended after she was caught financially supporting other political exiles as a member of Narodnaya Volya. Upon her return from exile, she travelled through European Russia, Poland and Ukraine, where she was kept under close surveillance. After the Russian Revolution of 1917, she returned to her home in Oryol, where she died in 1919.

Volga region
The Volga region, known as the Povolzhye (UK: /pəˈvɔːlʒeɪ/ pə-VAWL-zhay, US: /pəˈvoʊlʒeɪ/ pə-VOHL-zhay; Russian: Поволжье [pɐˈvoɫʐje] lit. 'Along the Volga'), is a historical region in Russia that encompasses the drainage basin of the Volga River, the longest river in Europe, in central and southern European Russia.
The Volga region is culturally separated into three sections:

■ Upper Volga Region – from the Volga River's source in Tver Oblast to the mouth of the Oka River in Nizhny Novgorod;

■ Middle Volga Region – from the mouth of the Oka River to the mouth of the Kama River south of Kazan;

■ Lower Volga Region – from the mouth of the Kama River to the Volga Delta in the Caspian Sea, in Astrakhan Oblast.

The geographic boundaries of the region are vague, and the term Volga region is used to refer primarily to the Middle and Lower sections, which are included in the Volga Federal District and Volga economic region.
Robert Barry Cutler
Robert Barry Cutler (August 11, 1810 – April 3, 1882) was a Canadian Liberal politician who represented the riding of Kent, New Brunswick, for one term from 1872 to 1874. He represented Kent in the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick from 1850 to 1856.

Born in Westmorland, New Brunswick, the son of Eben Cutler, he was educated at Annapolis Grammar School. He married Henrietta F. Charters in 1831. In 1855, he was a commissioner to settle the Canada disputed territory fund. Cutler was an assistant paymaster for the Intercolonial Railway from 1867 to 1872. He was an unsuccessful candidate for the provincial assembly in 1865 and for the House of Commons in 1867 and 1878. He died in Cape Bald, New Brunswick at the age of 71.

Kent (New Brunswick federal electoral district)
Kent was a federal electoral district in New Brunswick, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 1968. It was created by the British North America Act 1867.

It consisted of the County of Kent. It was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed into Northumberland—Miramichi and Westmorland—Kent ridings.
Orders of chivalry for women
Orders of chivalry for women, orders of knighthood for women or ladies orders are orders of chivalry reserved solely for women.  These knighthoods for women made their first appearance in 1600, and have been less numerous than traditional knighthoods reserved for men.

Though many kingdoms, such as Great Britain or the Netherlands, allow both men and women to be invested with the same orders of knighthood, orders in other kingdoms were exclusive for men.  Several of these kingdoms eventually established orders for the exclusive membership of women.  Tradition frequently called upon the reigning queen or empress, queen or empress consort to serve as the Grand Mistress of their respective all-female, royal or imperial orders.  In other cases, the king or emperor is the sole male member of the order, acting in his role as the sovereign or master of all orders established and conferred within his kingdom or empire.  A high number of female orders existed in Germany, Austria and Russia.

Order of chivalry
An order of chivalry, order of knighthood, chivalric order, or equestrian order is a society, fellowship and college of knights, typically founded during or inspired by the original Christian military orders of the Crusades (c. 1099–1291) and paired with medieval concepts of ideals of chivalry.

Since the 15th century, orders of chivalry, often as dynastic orders, began to be established in a more courtly fashion than could be created ad hoc. These orders would often retain the notion of being a confraternity, society or other association of members, but some of them were ultimately purely honorific and consisted of a medal decoration. In fact, these decorations themselves often came to be known informally as orders. These institutions in turn gave rise to the modern-day orders of merit of sovereign states.
Sylvan Lake State Park
Sylvan Lake State Park is a Colorado state park located in Eagle County, 10 miles (16 km) south of Eagle, Colorado. The 1,548-acre (626 ha) park established in 1987 and surrounded by the White River National Forest includes a 42-acre (17 ha) lake and 1.5 miles (2.4 km) of trails.

Facilities include a visitors center, boat ramp, campsites, cabins, yurts and picnic sites. Plant communities include aspen groves, lodgepole pine and Douglas fir forests on moist slopes. Ponderosa pine and juniper are found on drier slopes. Wetland and riparian areas exist near the reservoir and creek. Common wildlife includes black bear, elk, bald eagle, mule deer, pine marten, and beaver.

Pinus contorta
Pinus contorta, with the common names lodgepole pine, shore pine, twisted pine, and contorta pine, is an evergreen species of conifer tree. It is a common pine in western North America, found near the ocean shore and in dry montane forests to the subalpine, but is rare in lowland rain forests.
Sons of Table Mountain
Sons of Table Mountain was a South African jazz band formed by Robbie Jansen. In addition to Jansen, the band included pianist Hilton Schilder, Steven Erasmus, Jack Momplé and Alex van Heerden. In the 1990s, the band regularly performed for audiences from all socioeconomic backgrounds – from impoverished communities in Cape Flats to political dignitaries in post-apartheid South Africa.

Jansen released his second album in 2000, Cape Doctor, having used the group to record with him. They were one of the pioneers of the new Cape Jazz.

History of South Africa (1994–present)
South Africa since 1994 transitioned from the system of apartheid to one of majority rule. The election of 1994 resulted in a change in government with the African National Congress (ANC) coming to power. The ANC retained power after subsequent elections in 1999, 2004, 2009, 2014, and 2019, However, in 2024, they officially lost the National Majority and had to form a Government of National Unity with other  political parties, including the former official opposition, the Democratic Alliance (DA).
John B. Thomas
John Bowman Thomas (July 14, 1925 – September 13, 2018) was an American electrical engineer, educator, and a professor at Princeton University. He received his Ph.D. from Stanford University in 1955. He was the adviser of numerous outstanding scientists, including Vincent Poor, Jack Wolf, Abraham H. Haddad, Dag Tjøstheim, Hisashi Kobayashi, Bob Kahn, Eugene Wong, and Oscar C. Au. His PhD adviser was Willis W. Harman, a President of IONS.

Robert Kahn (computer scientist)
Robert Elliot Kahn (born December 23, 1938) is an American electrical engineer who, along with Vint Cerf, first proposed the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet Protocol (IP), the fundamental communication protocols at the heart of the Internet.

In 2004, Kahn won the Turing Award with Vint Cerf for their work on TCP/IP.
Rural Municipality of Grandview
The Rural Municipality of Grandview is a former rural municipality (RM) in the Canadian province of Manitoba. It was originally incorporated as a rural municipality on June 1, 1901. It ceased on January 1, 2015 as a result of its provincially mandated amalgamation with the Town of Grandview to form the Grandview Municipality.

The Valley River 63A Indian reserve lied at the RM's west side, while part of Duck Mountain Provincial Forest occupied its northwestern sector, and part of Riding Mountain National Park occupied its southernmost sector.

Riding Mountain National Park
Riding Mountain National Park is a national park in Manitoba, Canada. The park is located within Treaty 2 Territory and sits atop the Manitoba Escarpment. Consisting of a protected area of 2,969 km2 (1,146 sq mi), the forested parkland stands in sharp contrast to the surrounding prairie farmland. It was designated a national park because it protects three different ecosystems that converge in the area; grasslands, upland boreal and eastern deciduous forests. It is most easily reached by Highway 10 which passes through the park. The south entrance is at the townsite of Wasagaming, which is the only commercial centre within the park boundaries.
Ductile iron
Ductile iron, also known as ductile cast iron, nodular cast iron, spheroidal graphite iron, spheroidal graphite cast iron and SG iron, is a type of graphite-rich cast iron discovered in 1943 by Keith Millis. While most varieties of cast iron are weak in tension and brittle, ductile iron has much more impact and fatigue resistance, due to its nodular graphite inclusions.

Augustus F. Meehan was awarded U.S. patent 1,790,552 in January 1931 for inoculating iron with calcium silicide to produce ductile iron subsequently licensed as Meehanite, still produced as of 2024. In October 1949 Keith Dwight Millis, Albert Paul Gagnebin and Norman Boden Pilling, all working for INCO, received U.S. patent 2,485,760 on a cast ferrous alloy using magnesium for ductile iron production.

Calcium disilicide
Calcium disilicide (CaSi2) is an inorganic compound, a silicide of calcium. It is a whitish or dark grey to black solid matter with melting point 1033 °C. It is insoluble in water, but may decompose when subjected to moisture, evolving hydrogen and producing calcium hydroxide. It decomposes in hot water, and is flammable and may ignite spontaneously in air.

Industrial calcium silicide usually contains iron and aluminium as the primary contaminants, and low amounts of carbon and sulfur.
Dduallt
Dduallt (English: Black hill; Welsh pronunciation: [ðɨ.æɬt]) is a mountain in central Snowdonia, north Wales. It is the sister peak of Rhobell Fawr.

It lies north of the A494 between Dolgellau and Llanuwchllyn. Its eastern slopes are the source of the Afon Dyfrdwy (River Dee).

It is normally climbed from the SW (often with Rhobell Fawr) as there are large boggy areas to the N and E and very steep E face.

Dolgellau
Dolgellau (/dɒlˈɡɛhlaɪ/; Welsh: [dɔlˈɡɛɬaɨ] ⓘ) is a town and community in Gwynedd, north-west Wales, lying on the River Wnion, a tributary of the River Mawddach. It was the traditional county town of the historic county of Merionethshire until the county of Gwynedd was created in 1974. Dolgellau is the main base for climbers of Cadair Idris and Mynydd Moel which are visible from the town. Dolgellau is the second largest settlement in southern Gwynedd after Tywyn and includes the community of Penmaenpool. in 2021 the population dropped to 2,602.
Marek Brodzki
Marek Brodzki (born 25 December 1960) is a Polish film director and television director. He directed the film and series versions of Wiedźmin aka The Hexer and the series Miasteczko. He has worked as First Assistant Director with top Polish directors Andrzej Wajda and Krzysztof Zanussi and has specialized as a Polish First Assistant Director and Second Unit Director on international productions made in Poland notably including Steven Spielberg's Schindler's List and has a long working relationship with German director Volker Schlöndorff. October 2015 he was awarded the Bronze Medal for Merit to Culture – Gloria Artis.

Television director
A television director is in charge of the activities involved in making a television program or section of a program. They are generally responsible for decisions about the editorial content and creative style of a program, and ensuring the producer's vision is delivered. Their duties may include selecting cast members, conduct rehearsals, work with set designers, location scouts and art directors, originating program ideas, finding contributors, writing scripts, planning 'shoots', ensuring safety, leading the crew on location, directing contributors and presenters, and working with editors and music supervisors to assemble and make sure the final product meets the producer and director's vision. The work of a television director can vary widely depending on the nature of the program, the practices of the production company, whether the program content is factual or drama, and whether it is live or recorded.
Celebrate! Tokyo Disneyland
Celebrate! Tokyo Disneyland was a nighttime spectacular at Tokyo Disneyland that premiered on July 10, 2018, alongside Dreaming Up!, Let's Party Gras, and Hello, New York! as part of the 35th anniversary of Tokyo Disney Resort. The show was produced by Walt Disney Creative Entertainment, under Lead Creative Executive of Parades and Spectaculars Steve Davison.

Celebrate! Tokyo Disneyland incorporates fireworks, water cannons, flamethrowers, projection mapping, lasers, searchlights, tree lighting, and many more to depict scenes from some of Tokyo Disneyland's most famous rides and Disney films. It was created as a homage to Tokyo Disneyland and Disney parks worldwide, its lands, and its attractions, past and present. It won the Most Creative Multimedia Spectacular award from the IAAPA association at the 2018 Brass Ring awards.

Searchlight
A searchlight (or spotlight) is an apparatus that combines an extremely bright source (traditionally a carbon arc lamp) with a mirrored parabolic reflector to project a powerful beam of light of approximately parallel rays in a particular direction. It is usually constructed so that it can be swiveled about. The most common element used in modern searchlights is xenon (Xe). However, rare-earth elements such as lanthanum (La) and cerium (Ce) are used in phosphors to improve light quality in some specialized searchlights.
Plague cross
The term plague cross can refer to either a mark placed on a building occupied by victims of plague; or a permanent structure erected, to enable plague sufferers to trade while minimising the risk of contagion. A wide variety of plague cross existed in Britain and elsewhere in Europe, until the plague largely disappeared by the eighteenth century. Additionally, the term "plague cross" can specifically refer to the "Plague Cross of Saint Zacharias of Jerusalem", a Western Christian sacramental invoking God's protection against diseases and plagues that often takes the form of a cross necklace or a wall cross.

Trittenheim
Trittenheim on the Middle Moselle is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Trier-Saarburg district (before January 2012: Bernkastel-Wittlich district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany.
Susanne Baumann
Susanne Baumann (born 16 March 1965 in Singen am Hohentwiel, Germany) is a German diplomat who has served as German Ambassador to the United Kingdom since September 2025. She served as the Federal Government Commissioner for Disarmament and Arms Control from 2018 to 2021 and as a State Secretary at the Federal Foreign Office from 2021 to 2025.

Federal Foreign Office
The Federal Foreign Office (German: Auswärtiges Amt, pronounced [ˈaʊsˌvɛʁtɪɡəs ˈʔamt] ⓘ; abbreviated AA) is the foreign ministry of the Federal Republic of Germany, a federal agency responsible for both the country's foreign policy and its relationship with the European Union. It is a cabinet-level ministry. Since May 2025, Johann Wadephul has served as Foreign Minister, succeeding Annalena Baerbock. The primary seat of the ministry is at the Werderscher Markt square in the Mitte district, the historic centre of Berlin.

The term Auswärtiges Amt was the name of the Foreign Office established in 1870 by the North German Confederation, which then became the German Empire's Foreign Office in 1871. It is still the name of the German foreign ministry today. From 1871 to 1919, the Foreign Office was led by a Foreign Secretary, and since 1919, it has been led by the Foreign Minister of Germany.
COVID-19 pandemic in the Canary Islands
The COVID-19 pandemic was confirmed to have spread to the Canary Islands, Spain, on 31 January 2020, when a German tourist was tested positive in La Gomera. The second confirmed case of the disease in the islands was found on 24 February, following the outbreak in Italy, when a medical doctor from Lombardy, Italy who was vacationing in Tenerife was tested positive for the disease. Afterwards, multiple cases were detected in Tenerife involving people who had come into contact with the same doctor.

La Gomera
La Gomera (Spanish: [la ɣoˈmeɾa] ⓘ) is one of Spain's Canary Islands, in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Africa. With an area of 370.03 km2 (142.87 sq mi), it is the third-smallest of the archipelago's eight main islands. It belongs to the province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. La Gomera is the third least populous of the eight main Canary Islands, with 22,361 inhabitants at the start of 2023. Its capital is San Sebastián de La Gomera, where the cabildo insular (island council) is located.