hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Virginia Department of Social Services
The Virginia Department of Social Services (VDSS) is a state supervised and locally administered social services system in the Commonwealth of Virginia. The department is headed by a Commissioner who is appointed by the Governor of Virginia. VDSS provides oversight and guidance to over 120 local offices across the state of Virginia, and administers various programs, including Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF), Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP), Medicaid, Adoption, Foster Care, Child Care Assistance, Refugee Resettlement Services, and Child and Adult Protective Services.

VDSS was established in 1982 when the Virginia General Assembly renamed the Department of Welfare to the Department of Social Services. The Department of Welfare was an active agency of the Department of Institutions from 1974 until 1982.

Commonwealth (U.S. state)
Commonwealth is a term used by four of the 50 states of the United States in their full official names: Kentucky, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Virginia. "Commonwealth" is a traditional English term used to describe a political community as having been founded for the common good, and shares some similarities with the Latin phrase "res publica" ('the public thing'), which ultimately is the origin of the word "republic".

The "commonwealth" appellation is merely stylistic and carries no legal or political significance. The four states that use this term are all in the Eastern United States, and prior to the formation of the United States in 1776 were British colonial possessions (at the time, Kentucky was a part of colonial Virginia). As such, they share a strong influence of English common law in some of their laws and institutions.
GMERS Medical College and Hospital, Sola
GMERS Medical College and Hospital, Sola is a medical college located in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. It was established in the year 2012. The college imparts the degree Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery (MBBS). Nursing and para-medical courses are also offered. The college is affiliated to Gujarat University and is recognised by National Medical Commission. The selection to the college is done on the basis of merit through National Eligibility and Entrance Test. Yearly undergraduate student intake is 150.

Gujarat University
The Gujarat University is a public state university located at Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India. The university is an affiliating university at the under-graduate level and a teaching university at the post graduate level. It is accredited A+ by NAAC. It was established on 23 November 1949.
Harold Kosoff
Harold Kosoff (November 5, 1930 – March 12, 1995) was an inventor. He is credited with inventing the free piston engine and the battery-powered baby swing. U.S. Pat. No. 4,448,410 Exclusive rights for the battery-powered baby swing were sold to Graco. In addition, Kosoff invented a home air cleaner and chainless bicycle using an arc and pulley system.

Graco (baby products)
Graco Children's Products Inc. (pronounced gray-co) is an American baby products company based in High Point, North Carolina. It is owned and operated by Newell Brands. Graco offers products including car seats, travel systems, strollers, high chairs, play yards, and baby swings.
Hughes Reef
Hughes Reef (Mandarin Chinese: 東門礁/东门礁; pinyin: Dōngmén Jiāo, Vietnamese: đá Tư Nghĩa) is a reef in Union Banks in the Spratly group of islands, South China Sea claimed by the PRC (China), the ROC (Taiwan), the Philippines, Malaysia, and Vietnam. It is only above water at low tide.

The PRC has reclaimed land on the reef, bringing its area to 7.6 hectares, and occupied the reef.  The reef has a lighthouse on top of a two storied defence outpost.

Land reclamation
Land reclamation, often known as reclamation, and also known as land fill (not to be confused with a waste landfill), is the process of creating new land from oceans, seas, riverbeds or lake beds. The land reclaimed is known as reclamation ground, reclaimed land, or land fill. The term "reclamation" is a misnomer, and promotes confusion with land rehabilitation.
2015 Internationaux de Strasbourg – Singles
The singles tennis tournament at the 2015 Internationaux de Strasbourg took place in Strasbourg, France, as part of the 2015 WTA Tour.

Monica Puig was the defending champion, but lost in the first round to Samantha Stosur. Third-seeded Stosur went on to win the title, defeating Kristina Mladenovic in the final, 3–6, 6–2, 6–3.

Varvara Lepchenko
Varvara Petrivna Lepchenko (born May 21, 1986) is an Uzbekistan-born American professional tennis player.  She played for Uzbekistan before relocating to the United States. Lepchenko won a singles title on the WTA Challenger Tour and 13 singles titles and one doubles title on the ITF Women's Circuit. She won all her 14 ITF titles in the United States. Lepchenko has a career-high WTA singles ranking of 19, achieved October 2012.

She was provisionally suspended from the WTA Tour in 2016 after testing positive for the heart medication meldonium, although she was found to "bear no fault or negligence" by the International Tennis Federation. In 2022, Lepchenko was suspended from tennis for four years (backdated to August 2021), after testing positive for the stimulant adrafinil, and its metabolite, modafinil. In February 2023, her suspension was reduced to 21 months, and she started playing again in May of that year.
Gendut Doni
Gendut Doni Christiawan (born 7 December 1978) is an Indonesian former professional footballer. He played as a striker for the club Persikota Tangerang until he was cut from their squad in September 2011. His brother, Nugroho Adiyanto, is a former PSIS Semarang defender.

2000 AFF Championship
The 2000 AFF Championship, officially known as the 2000 Tiger Cup, was the third edition of the AFF Championship and was held in Thailand from 5 to 18 November 2000.

Singapore had been the defending champions, but was eliminated in group stage. Thailand won the tournament by a 4–1 victory in the final against Indonesia to secure their second title.
Buda-Kashalyova
Buda-Kashalyova (Belarusian: Буда-Кашалёва; Russian: Буда-Кошелёво, romanized: Buda-Koshelyovo) is a town in Gomel Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Buda-Kashalyova District. As of 2025, it has a population of 8,534.

Gomel region
Gomel region, also known as Gomel oblast or Homyel voblasts, is one of the regions of Belarus. Its administrative center is Gomel. The total area of the region is 40,400 square kilometres (15,600 sq mi). As of 2024, it had a population of 1,338,617.

Its largest settlements include Gomel, Mazyr, Zhlobin, Svyetlahorsk, Rechytsa, Kalinkavichy, Rahachow and Dobrush.

Both Gomel region and Mogilev region suffered severely from the Chernobyl disaster. Gomel Province borders the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone in places, and parts of it have been designated as mandatory or voluntary resettlement areas as a result of the radioactive contamination.
1976 Zagreb mid-air collision
The 1976 Zagreb mid-air collision was a mid-air collision that took place on September 10, 1976, when British Airways Flight 476 en route from London to Istanbul, collided mid-air with Inex-Adria Aviopromet Flight 550 en route from Split, SFR Yugoslavia, to Cologne, West Germany, near Zagreb in modern-day Croatia. The collision was the result of a procedural error on the part of air traffic controllers in Zagreb.

All 176 people aboard the two aircraft were killed,: 8 : 5–6  making it the world's deadliest mid-air collision at the time. It remains the deadliest aviation accident in Yugoslav and Croatian history.
This is also the only British Airways accident to result in fatalities excluding subsidiaries or former identities.

Flight level
In aviation, a flight level (FL) is an aircraft's altitude as determined by a pressure altimeter using the International Standard Atmosphere. It is expressed in hundreds of feet or metres. The altimeter setting used is the ISA sea level pressure of 1013 hPa or 29.92 inHg. The actual surface pressure will vary from this at different locations and times. Therefore, by using a standard pressure setting, every aircraft has the same altimeter setting, and vertical clearance can be maintained during cruise flight.
Beitunia
Beitunia (Arabic: بيتونيا), also Bitunya, is a Palestinian city located 3 kilometers (1.9 mi) west of Ramallah and 14 kilometers (8.7 mi) north of Jerusalem, in the Ramallah and al-Bireh Governorate of Palestine, in the central West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics, the city had a population of 26,604 in 2017, making it the third largest locality in its governorate after al-Bireh and Ramallah.

Timeline of the Palestine region
The timeline of the Palestine region is a timeline of major events in the history of Palestine. For more details on the history of Palestine see History of Palestine. In cases where the year or month is uncertain, it is marked with a slash, for example 636/7 and January/February.
Alex Castles
Alexander "Alex" Cuthbert Castles (7 March 1933 – December 2003) was an Australian historian and author who specialized in Australian legal history. He is the author of a number of published books in Australia as well as the author of numerous articles written for various journals.

Castles was born in Melbourne, Australia. He attended the Scotch College, the University of Melbourne and the University of Chicago. He was a tutor at the University of Melbourne and later served as an assistant lecturer at the University of Pennsylvania. In 1958 he took up a post in the Faculty of Law at the University of Adelaide and in 1967 was appointed a professor.

He retired in 1994 and was made an honorary visiting research fellow of the University of Adelaide, later accepted appointment as a professorial fellow at the Flinders University School of Law.

Flinders University
Flinders University, established as The Flinders University of South Australia, is an Australian public research university based in Adelaide, South Australia, with a footprint extending across a number of locations in South Australia and the Northern Territory. The main campus is in Bedford Park, about 12 km (7.5 mi) south of the Adelaide city centre. Other campuses include Tonsley, Adelaide central business district, Renmark, Alice Springs and Darwin.

Founded in 1966, it was named in honour of the British navigator Matthew Flinders who had explored and surveyed the Australian coastline in the early 19th century. In 2022, there were 25,247 students enrolled at the university.
John M. Thorpe
John Moore Thorpe (April 18, 1890 – June 7, 1956) was an American college football player and coach.  He served as the head football coach at Mount Union College—now known as Mount Union University—in Alliance, Ohio from 1922 to 1931, compiling a record of 55–32–7.  Thorpe graduated from Leetonia High School, in Leetonia, Ohio, in 1910.  He later worked as a safety service director in Alliance.  He died there, on June 7, 1956, after a heart attack.

Alliance, Ohio
Alliance is a city in Stark County, Ohio, United States. The population was 21,672 at the 2020 census. It was established in 1854 by the merger of three smaller communities and was a manufacturing and railroad hub in the 20th century. Alliance is associated with the state flower of Ohio, the scarlet carnation, and is known as the "Carnation City". The University of Mount Union, a private liberal arts college established in 1846, is located in the city. Partially extending into Mahoning County, Alliance is part of the Canton–Massillon metropolitan area.
PFL 8 (2021)
The PFL 8 mixed martial arts event for the 2021 season of the Professional Fighters League was held on August 19, 2021. This was the second event for of the playoffs with the Heavyweight and Women's Lightweight divisions competing. This event aired on ESPN, with the prelims on ESPN+.

Lightweight (MMA)
The lightweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes:

The UFC's lightweight division, which groups competitors within 146 to 155 lb (66 to 70 kg)

The Shooto lightweight division, which limits competitors to 145 lb (65.8 kg)

The ONE Championship's lightweight division, with an upper limit at 77.1 kg (170.0 lb)

The Road FC's lightweight division, with an upper limit at 154 lb (70 kg)
New Money (2025 film)
New Money (Uus raha) is a 2025 Estonian comedy film written and directed by Rain Rannu. It serves as a thematic sequel to Rannu's 2023 film Vaba raha (Free Money). The film stars Märt Pius and Steffi Pähn as a couple who suddenly acquire a massive fortune and must navigate the complexities of wealth, inflation, and investment scams.

The film premiered at the 29th Tallinn Black Nights Film Festival (PÖFF) in late 2025.

Tallinn Black Nights Film Festival
Tallinn Black Nights Film Festival (BNFF), or PÖFF (Pimedate Ööde filmifestival), is an annual film festival held since 1997 in Tallinn, the capital city of Estonia. PÖFF is one of the largest film festivals in Northern Europe. In 2014, it was upgraded to an A-list festival by FIAPF.

PÖFF includes two sub-festivals that take part concurrently with the main program: Children's and Youth Film Festival Just Film, and PÖFF Shorts. Running concurrently with the festival is Industry@Tallinn & Baltic Event Co-Production Market, the biggest audiovisual industry meeting in the region.

PÖFF also manages two off-season events: the Haapsalu Horror and Fantasy Film Festival taking place every April and Tartu Love Film Festival Tartuff, taking place in August.
Sainte-Marie 1st Canton Nord
Sainte-Marie 1st Canton Nord is a former canton in the Arrondissement of La Trinité on Martinique. It had 7,017 inhabitants (2012). It was disbanded in 2015. The canton comprised part of the commune of Sainte-Marie.

Sainte-Marie, Martinique
Sainte-Marie (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t maʁi] ⓘ; Martinican Creole: Sentmawi) is a town and the fifth-largest commune in the French overseas department of Martinique. It is located on the northeast (Atlantic Ocean) side of the island of Martinique.
Reuben de Jong
Reuben de Jong is a New Zealand heavyweight kickboxer, mixed martial artist, strongman and professional wrestler of Dutch descent. He is a two-time professional strongman champion of New Zealand and competed in the K-1 Kings of Oceania in 2006 and 2007. De Jong is the holder of two national records in the farmer's walk and stone lifting, and the Guinness World Record for running through the most panes of glass in under one minute. He was signed with WWE under the name of Russell Walker in 2011, but was released the same year.

A television actor and stuntman, De Jong has had small roles in Maddigan's Quest, Legend of the Seeker, and as Theokoles in Spartacus: Blood and Sand. In 2010, he entered professional wrestling and became one of the stars of Impact Pro Wrestling, capturing the IPW New Zealand Heavyweight Championship within two months of his debut. On 7 December 2019 he won the Hughes Academy Championship, pinning Spencer Kyle.

Stunt performer
A stunt performer, often called a stuntman or stuntwoman and occasionally stuntperson or stunt-person, is a trained professional who performs daring acts, often as a career. Stunt performers usually appear in films or on television, as opposed to a daredevil, who performs for a live audience. When they take the place of another actor, they are known as stunt doubles.
Emma Helistén
Emma Sofia Helistén (born 11 May 1989 in Helsinki) is a Finnish tennis player.

Helistén played one rubber for Finland at the 2007 Fed Cup, a play-off match in which she lost in straight sets to Bosnia's Dijana Stojić.

Dijana Stojić
Dijana Stojić (born 16 July 1988) is a Bosnian-born Croatian former professional tennis player.

Stojić is originally from Tuzla in Bosnia and Herzegovina, but also grew up in the Croatian city of Makarska, having relocated there due to the war. She received her tertiary education at the University of South Carolina, where she competed on the varsity tennis team and retired ranked eighth for career SEC singles wins.

Between 2003 and 2009, Stojić represented the Bosnia and Herzegovina Fed Cup team in a total of 15 ties, winning ten of her 14 singles rubbers and one of her two doubles rubbers. During this time, she also appeared on the ITF Women's Circuit and won two singles titles, at Mostar in 2004 and Podgorica in 2005.
Electoral district of Boulder
Boulder was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of Western Australia from 1901 to 1977.

The district was located in the Goldfields-Esperance region, and was based in the town of Boulder and its suburbs. After the 1961 redistribution, taking effect at the 1962 election, it took in some surrounding country areas.

The district's most famous member was Philip Collier of the Labor Party. Representing Boulder for 43 years, Collier served as Premier of Western Australia from 1924 to 1930, and again from 1933 to 1936.

Boulder, Western Australia
Boulder (/ˈbəʊl.dəɹ/ BOL-dər) is a suburb of Kalgoorlie in the Western Australian Goldfields, 597 kilometres (371 mi) east of Perth.

The Boulder (horse) Races were a significant event in early twentieth century goldfields region history.

The town maintained its separation from Kalgoorlie until the 1980s, however even prior to that era, many surveys and studies of the towns and their areas tended to join the names.

Prior to 1989, Boulder was a town, but it was merged with Kalgoorlie to form the City of Kalgoorlie–Boulder.

The population of Boulder in 1901 was 2,936 (1850 males and 1086 females), which increased to 5,658 (3090 males and 2568 females) in 1903.

At the 2006 census, Boulder had a population of 5,178. This had decreased to 4,825 by the 2016 census.

On 20 April 2010 Kalgoorlie-Boulder suffered a magnitude 5.0 earthquake which damaged several of the historic buildings in Boulder.
Bottled water
Bottled water is drinking water (e.g., well water, distilled water, reverse osmosis water, mineral water, or spring water) packaged in plastic or glass water bottles. Bottled water may be carbonated or not with packaging sizes ranging from small single-serving bottles to large carboys for water coolers. The consumption of bottled water is influenced by factors such as convenience, taste, perceived safety, and concerns over the quality of municipal tap water. Concerns about the environmental impact of bottled water, including the production and disposal of plastic bottles, have led to calls for more sustainable practices in the industry. Some brands have attempted to address the problem of microplastics and chemicals by canning purified water.

Carboy
A carboy, also known as a demijohn, is a rigid container with a typical capacity of 4 to 60 litres (1 to 16 US gal). Carboys are primarily used for transporting liquids, often drinking water or chemicals.

They are also used for in-home fermentation of beverages, often beer or wine.
Ellis Morrison
Ellis Morrison (May 20, 1850 – September 13, 1914) was an American politician who served as a member of the Washington House of Representatives, representing the 38th district from 1893 to 1897. From 1895 to 1897, he was the Speaker of that body.

Washington's 38th legislative district
Washington's 38th legislative district is one of forty-nine districts in Washington state for representation in the state legislature.

The district's legislators are state senator June Robinson and state representatives Julio Cortes (position 1) and Mary Fosse (position 2), all Democrats.
TCR International Series
The TCR International Series was an international touring car championship. The championship was promoted by World Sporting Consulting (WSC), founded by former World Touring Car Championship manager Marcello Lotti. It was marketed as a cost-effective spin-off of the WTCC, targeted at C-segment hatchbacks production-based touring cars. The title TCR follows the naming convention now used by the FIA to classify the cars that compete in touring car racing, with TC1 referring to the top tier as used by the FIA WTCC and TC2 referring to the legacy cars which principally compete in the FIA ETCC.

On 6th December 2017, FIA's World Motorsport Council announced that the series will merge with World Touring Car Championship and European Touring Car Cup starting in 2018.

C-segment
The C-segment is the 3rd category of the European segments for passenger cars and is described as "medium cars". It is equivalent to the Euro NCAP "small family car" size class, and the compact car category in the United States.

In 2024, the C-segment had a European market share of 13.9%.
Krzysztof Czerwiński
Krzysztof Czerwinski (born 13 January 1980) is a Polish conductor, organist and voice teacher.

Czerwinski studied at Wieniawski School of music (Poznań, Poland), Eastman School of Music (University of Rochester, New York, US) and Birmingham Conservatoire (University of Central England, Birmingham, UK).

He has won many national and international competitions, awards, scholarships and gives performances throughout Europe and the USA.

On the basis of his artistic attainment, he has received prizes from Ministry of Culture and National Heritage (and its predecessor, the Ministry of Culture and Art) in Poland.

Czerwinski is founder, Conductor and Artistic Director of the Polish Baroque Orchestra and Artistic Director of the Komorniki Festival of Organ and Chamber Music in Poland.

He has served as accompanist, Assistant Conductor/Artistic Director and voice teacher for the Poznań Cathedral Choir of Men and Boys (Poznań, Poland).

Eastman School of Music
The Eastman School of Music is the music school of the University of Rochester, a private research university in Rochester, New York, United States. Established in 1921 by celebrated industrialist and philanthropist George Eastman, it was the first professional school of the university.

The school offers Bachelor of Music (BM) degrees, Master of Arts (MA) degrees, Master of Music (MM) degrees, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degrees, and Doctor of Musical Arts (DMA) degrees in various musical fields, along with a special dual degree with the College of Arts & Sciences for students with multiple interests. The school has three performing orchestras, the Eastman Philharmonia, the Eastman School Symphony Orchestra, and the Philharmonia Chamber Orchestra.

As of 2024, there were more than 950 students enrolled in the collegiate division of the Eastman School (approximately 500 undergraduate and 450 graduate students).
Vaneless ion wind generator
A vaneless ion wind generator or power fence is a device that generates electrical energy by using the wind to move charged particles across an electric field.

Ion wind generators are not commercially available, though working prototypes and proofs of concept have been created. Several prototypes exist in the Netherlands, one of which resides in Delft University of Technology, whose researchers developed some of the underlying technology. Ion wind generators are currently experimental, while conventional wind turbines are the most common form of wind energy generation. But ion wind generators, which have no moving parts, could be used in urban settings where wind turbines are impractical due to vibrational noise, moving shadows, and danger posed to birds.

Shadow
A shadow is a dark area on a surface where light from a light source is blocked by an object. In contrast, shade occupies the three-dimensional volume behind an object with light in front of it. The cross-section of a shadow is a two-dimensional silhouette, or a reverse projection of the object blocking the light.