hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Barbodes bovanicus
Barbodes bovanicus, the Bowany barb,  is a species of cyprinid fish native to the Cauvery River system in India. Its range is presently restricted to a single reservoir behind the Mettur Dam in Tamil Nadu.  This species can reach a length of 36 centimetres (14 in) TL.

Mettur Dam
The Mettur Dam is one of the largest dams in India  built in pre-independent India and is also the largest in Tamil Nadu, located across the river Kaveri where it enters the plains. Built in 1934, it took nine years to complete. Maximum height and width of the dam are 214 and 171 feet, respectively. The dam receives inflows from its own catchment area, Kabini Dam and Krishna Raja Sagara Dams located in Karnataka. There is a park at the base of the dam. It provides irrigation and drinking water facilities for more than 12 districts of Tamil Nadu and hence is revered as the life and livelihood-giving asset of Tamil Nadu.
Abduqodir Shakuriy
Abduqodir Abdushukur (Abdushukurov) Shakuriy (Shukuri) (Cyrillic Абдукадыр Шакури; Arabic script عبدقادر شکوری‎, 1875 Samarqand Region, Zarafshan district, Turkestan governorate, Russian Empire — 1943 Samarkand, UzSSR, USSR) is a teacher from Samarkand, author of a number of textbooks for new method schools, journalist, one of the famous representatives of jadidism from Samarkand.

Russian Turkestan
Russian Turkestan was the vast region of Central Asia governed by the Russian Empire, often described by historians as a colonial possession. It was formally organized as the Turkestan Governorate-General in 1867, and was also known as the Turkestan Krai from 1886 onward. For administrative and military purposes, its territory was managed as the Turkestan Military District.

It comprised the oasis regions south of the Kazakh Steppe but excluded the Russian protectorates of the Emirate of Bukhara and the Khanate of Khiva. While these states retained internal autonomy, their independence was largely nominal, as Russia controlled their foreign relations and military affairs. The population consisted primarily of speakers of Uzbek, Kazakh, Kyrgyz, and Tajik, with a significant Russian settler minority.
Apis mellifera siciliana
Apis mellifera siciliana is known by the common name of the Sicilian honey bee which is endemic to the island of Sicily, Italy in the Mediterranean sea. It belongs to the A Lineage of honey bees from Africa, with close genetic relations to Apis mellifera sahariensis, Apis mellifera intermissa, and Apis mellifera ruttneri.

In 2014 DNA analysis estimated that 39.1% of the islands bees were introgressed with DNA from the M Lineage (most likely the Apis mellifera mellifera) and the C Lineage (most likely the Apis mellifera ligustica, Apis mellifera carnica or the Buckfast bee), however the islands of Vulcano and Filicudi, which are conservation areas for the A. m. siciliana showed no signs of introgression, demonstrating their effectiveness at protecting and preserving the subspecies.

Vulcano
Vulcano (Sicilian: Vurcanu) or Vulcan is a small volcanic island  belonging to Italy in the Tyrrhenian Sea, about 20 km (12 mi) north of Sicily and located at the southernmost end of the seven Aeolian Islands. The island is known for its volcanic activity and contains several volcanic calderas, including one of the four active volcanoes in Italy that are not submarine.  The English word "volcano" and its equivalents in several European languages derive from the name of this island. The name derives from the Roman belief that the tiny island was the chimney of Vulcan, the Roman god of fire. In November 2021, 150 people were evacuated from the island's harbour area due to increased volcanic activity and gases; an amber alert had been issued in October 2021 after several significant changes in the volcano's parameters. In the fall of 2025, volcanic unrest increased again with strong gas emissions reported on October 15, 2025.
Kelvin Droegemeier
Kelvin Kay Droegemeier (born September 23, 1958) is an American research meteorologist, most recently having served as director of the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy. Droegemeier is known for his research in predicting the development of extreme weather events, and previously served as  Oklahoma Secretary of Science and Technology and the vice president for research at the University of Oklahoma.  He currently is serving as a professor and special advisor to the chancellor for science and policy at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign.

Meteorologist
A meteorologist is a scientist who studies and works in the field of meteorology aiming to understand or predict Earth's atmospheric phenomena including the weather. Those who study meteorological phenomena are meteorologists in research, while those using mathematical models and knowledge to prepare daily weather forecasts are called weather forecasters or operational meteorologists.

Meteorologists work in government agencies, private consulting and research services, industrial enterprises, utilities, radio and television stations, and in education. They are not to be confused with weather presenters, who present the weather forecast in the media and range in training from journalists having just minimal training in meteorology to full-fledged meteorologists.
Western King
Western King is a Site of Special Scientific Interest (SSSI) in Devon, England. It is located on Devil's Point, near Devil's Point Car Park and Royal William Yard, south of Stonehouse in the city of Plymouth. This site is protected because the cliff here exposes limestone rocks from the Devonian period. Any fossils found at the site must not be collected but left for others to study.

This protected area is adjacent to the historic military fort known as Western King's Redoubt.

Stonehouse, Plymouth
East Stonehouse was one of three towns that were amalgamated into modern-day Plymouth, in the ceremonial county of Devon, England. West Stonehouse was a village that is within the current Mount Edgcumbe Country Park in Cornwall. It was destroyed by the French in 1350.
The terminology used in this article refers to the settlement of East Stonehouse which is on the Devon side of the mouth of the Tamar estuary, and will be referred to as Stonehouse.
Nuage (cell biology)
Nuage are Drosophila melanogaster germline granules. Nuage are the hallmark of Drosophila melanogaster germline cells, which have an electron-dense perinuclear structure and can silence the selfish genetic elements in Drosophila melanogaster.  The term 'Nuage' comes from the French word for 'cloud', as they appear as nebulous electron-dense bodies by electron microscopy.  They are found in nurse cells of the developing Drosophila melanogaster egg chamber and are composed of various types of proteins, including RNA-helicases, Tudor domain proteins, Piwi-clade Argonaute proteins, in addition to a PRMT5 methylosome composed of Capsuléen  and its co-factor, Valois (MEP50).

See piRNA for more information.

Argonaute
The Argonaute protein family, first discovered for its evolutionarily conserved stem cell function, plays a central role in RNA silencing processes as essential components of the RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC). RISC is responsible for the gene silencing phenomenon known as RNA interference (RNAi). Argonaute proteins bind different classes of small non-coding RNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). Small RNAs guide Argonaute proteins to their specific targets through sequence complementarity (base pairing), which then leads to mRNA cleavage, translation inhibition, and/or the initiation of mRNA decay.

The name of this protein family is derived from a mutant phenotype resulting from mutation of AGO1 in Arabidopsis thaliana, which was likened by Bohmert et al. to the appearance of the pelagic octopus Argonauta argo.
The Sin of Rogelia Sanchez
The Sin of Rogelia Sanchez (Italian: Il peccato di Rogelia Sanchez) is a 1940 Italian drama film directed by Carlo Borghesio and Roberto de Ribón and starring Germaine Montero, Juan de Landa and Rafael Rivelles.

It was made at Cinecitta as part of an Italian-Spanish film agreement, with a separate Spanish-language version Saint Rogelia also been produced. It was based on a 1926 novel by Armando Palacio Valdés. The film's sets were designed by Guido Fiorini.

Juan de Landa
Juan de Landa (1894–1968) was a Spanish film actor, who was born in the Basque Country. De Landa entered the film industry in 1930 following the arrival of sound film. He initially acted in Spanish-language versions of Hollywood films, but later worked mainly in the Spanish and Italian film industries. His best-known role is in Luchino Visconti's 1943 film Ossessione.
Aircraft Warning Service Observation Tower
The Aircraft Warning Service Observation Tower in Agnew, Washington was built in  1941 as a spotting station for Aircraft Warning Service volunteers watching for intruding Japanese airplanes during World War II. The tower's original site was near Dungeness, but in 1992 the tower was moved to its present location.

Dungeness, Washington
Dungeness is an unincorporated community in Clallam County, Washington, United States, located north of Sequim and on the Strait of Juan de Fuca. Dungeness has a number of waterfront residential communities, but also features the Dungeness Spit, a popular destination for locals and tourists.
2016 Food City 500
The 2016 Food City 500 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series race that was held on April 17, 2016, at Bristol Motor Speedway in Bristol, Tennessee. Contested over 500 laps on the 0.533 miles (0.858 km) concrete short track, it is the eighth race of the 2016 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season, The race had 16 lead changes among different drivers and fifteen cautions for 102 laps.

Landon Cassill
Landon Douglas Cassill (born July 7, 1989) is an American former professional stock car racing driver. He last competed full-time in the NASCAR Xfinity Series, driving the No. 10 Chevrolet Camaro for Kaulig Racing.
1985 ATP Championship – Doubles
Francisco González and Matt Mitchell were the defending champions, but González did not compete this year. Mitchell teamed up with John Lloyd and lost in the second round to Mark Edmondson and Kim Warwick.

Stefan Edberg and Anders Järryd won the title by defeating Joakim Nyström and Mats Wilander 4–6, 6–2, 6–3 in the final.

Stefan Edberg
Stefan Edberg (Swedish: [ˈstěːfan ˈêːdbærj]; born 19 January 1966) is a Swedish former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the world No. 1 in both men's singles and men's doubles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP), one of two players in the Open Era to hold both positions (alongside John McEnroe). Edberg won 41 career singles titles and 18 doubles titles, including nine majors: six in singles and three in men's doubles. A major practitioner of the serve-and-volley style of tennis, Edberg also won the 1989 year-end championships, led Sweden to four Davis Cup titles, and won four Masters Series titles and four Championship Series titles. After retirement, Edberg coached Roger Federer from January 2014 to December 2015.
Kentucky's 8th Senate district
Kentucky's 8th Senatorial district is one of 38 districts in the Kentucky Senate. Located in the western part of the state, it comprises the counties of Daviess, Hancock, and McLean. Within the district is the economic leading city of Owensboro. It has been represented by Gary Boswell (R–Owensboro) since 2023. As of 2023, the district had a population of 121,354.

From 1966 to 1967, the district was represented by Wendell Ford, who would later be elected governor and U.S. senator from Kentucky.

Daviess County, Kentucky
Daviess County (/ˈdeɪvɪs/ "Davis"), is a county in Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 103,312. Its county seat is Owensboro. The county was formed from part of Ohio County on January 14, 1815.

Daviess County is included in the Owensboro, KY Metropolitan Statistical Area. Daviess County also shares its namesake with another nearby Daviess County of Indiana. Both counties are in the Illinois-Indiana-Kentucky Tri-State Area.
Martinak State Park
Martinak State Park is a public recreation area located on the Choptank River and Watts Creek, immediately south of Denton in Caroline County, Maryland. The park bears the name of George Martinak, who deeded his land to the state in 1961. The park opened in 1964. Site improvements including the addition of campsites, roads, and park office took place from 1964 to 1974. The park features boating access, fishing, campsites and cabins, hiking trails, a nature center, and painted rocks.

Choptank River
The Choptank River is a major tributary of Chesapeake Bay and the largest river on the Delmarva Peninsula.  Running for 71 miles (114 km), it rises in Kent County, Delaware, runs through Caroline County, Maryland, and forms much of the border between Talbot County, Maryland, on the north, and Caroline County and Dorchester County on the east and south.  It is located north of the Nanticoke River, and its mouth is located south of Eastern Bay. Cambridge, the county seat of Dorchester County, and Denton, the county seat of Caroline County, are located on its south shore.

Its watershed area in Maryland is 1,004 square miles (2,600 km2), of which 224 square miles (580 km2) is open water, so it is 22% water.  The predominant land use is agricultural with 418 square miles (1,080 km2), or 48% of the land area. The river is named after the native Choptank people.
Ghasem Zaghinejad
Ghasem Zaghinejad (born 14 March 1955 in Isfahan) is an Iranian football manager who is currently assistant manager of Sepahan. He was appointed as the head coach of Sepahan until the end of the season on 22 April 2016 after resignation of Igor Štimac. Previously, he was the assistant coach of the club under Štimac and former manager, Hossein Faraki. He was also in the same position from 2009 until 2011 under head coach Amir Ghalenoei. He is a former player of Sepahan and led the club's B team, Sepahan Novin for the years and help the club to secure multiple promotions.

Sepahan S.C.
Foolad Mobarakeh Sepahan Sport Club (Persian: باشگاه فولاد مبارکه سپاهان, Bâšgâh-e Farhangi-Varzeši-ye Fulâd-e Mobârake-ye Sepâhân), commonly known as Sepahan, is an Iranian sports club based in Isfahan. It is best known for their football section that play in the Persian Gulf Pro League, the highest tier of Iranian football league system.

In the 2002–03 season, Sepahan ended the total dominance of two Tehran-based clubs, Persepolis and Esteghlal, to win the Pro League. They are also the first Iranian club to win three consecutive league titles, reach the AFC Champions League final in 2007 and qualify for the 2007 FIFA Club World Cup, becoming the first-ever Iranian representative to the tournament. To date, they have won five league titles and five Hazfi Cups, becoming one of the most successful football clubs in Iran.
Asayish (Kurdistan Region)
Asayish (Kurdish: ئاسایش, romanized: Asayîş, lit. 'security') is the domestic security agency of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. The organization was established in September 1993 and has been often referred to as an intelligence agency, security force, security service, security, secret service, secret police, or just "Kurdish police". It is distinct from the region's Kurdish police force but shares some responsibilities with it.

The Asayish is divided into two branches: one affiliated with the Kurdistan Democratic Party (KDP), which primarily operates in Erbil and Duhok, and another affiliated with the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), which mainly operates in Sulaymaniyah and Halabja. The Asayish coordinates and shares information with its sister organization, the Kurdistan Region’s investigative and foreign intelligence agency, Parastin u Zanyari.

Sulaymaniyah Governorate
Sulaymaniyah Governorate (Sorani Kurdish: پارێزگای سلێمانی; Kurmanji Kurdish: Parêzgeha Silêmaniyê; Arabic: محافظة السليمانية) or Sulaymaniyah Province is a governorate in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. Its capital and largest city is Sulaymaniyah. Halabja Governorate was formerly the Halabja District of Sulaymaniyah, until it became a separate governorate in 2014.
Al-Shahba University
36°13′07″N 37°06′52″E﻿ / ﻿36.2185°N 37.11439°E﻿ / 36.2185; 37.11439

Al-Shahba University (SU; Arabic: جامعة الشهباء), is a private university in Syria, established in 2005. It is located in the southern suburbs of the city of Aleppo. It was known as the Gulf University until February 2012 when the name was changed to al-Shahba University.

Al-Shahba University is under academic cooperation agreements with the George Mason University and Bentley University.

Bentley University
Bentley University is a private university in Waltham, Massachusetts, United States. It was founded in 1917 as a school of accounting and finance in Boston's Back Bay neighborhood. Bentley has one undergraduate school which offers 17 business majors and 14 arts and sciences majors, as well as 39 minors. Its graduate school offers five master's degrees, an MBA with eight disciplines, and three PhD programs.

While Bentley's main campus hosts almost all of its services, the university also has another campus one mile north. The North Campus hosts four residential buildings.
Erdal IL
Erdal Idrettslag is a Norwegian sports club from Askøy Municipality. It has sections for football and martial arts.

The club was founded on 27 June 1944. The club colors are red and white. The men's football team currently resides in the Fifth Division (sixth tier). It last played in the Third Division in 1996.

1996 Norwegian Third Division
The 1996 season of the 3. divisjon, the fourth highest association football league for men in Norway.

Between 22 and 24 games (depending on group size) were played in 19 groups, with 3 points given for wins and 1 for draws. All group winners were promoted to the 2. divisjon, as well as some of the best runners-up.
IEEE Transactions on Computers
IEEE Transactions on Computers is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of computer design. It was established in 1952 and is published by the IEEE Computer Society. The editor-in-chief is Prof. Avinash Karanth, Chair of the School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS) at Ohio University. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2023 impact factor of 3.6.

Computer architecture
In computer science and computer engineering, a computer architecture is the structure of a computer system made from component parts. It can sometimes be a high-level description that ignores details of the implementation. At a more detailed level, the description may include the instruction set architecture design, microarchitecture design, logic design, and implementation.
Marshall Kirk
Marshall Kenneth Kirk (December 8, 1957 – c. July 28, 2005) was a New England Historic Genealogical Society librarian, and a noted writer and a researcher in neuropsychiatry.  He is, however, best known as one of the co-authors of After the Ball: How America Will Conquer Its Fear and Hatred of Gays in the '90s, a strategy for the LGBT movement in the 1990s.

New England Historic Genealogical Society
The New England Historic Genealogical Society (NEHGS) is the oldest and largest genealogical society in the United States, founded in 1845.

NEHGS provides family history services through its staff, scholarship, website, educational opportunities, and research center. Today it has over 250,000 members and more than 90 staff and volunteers.
Mary Immaculate School for Native Americans
The Mary Immaculate School for Native Americans was constructed in June 1908 for educating children of the Coeur d’Alene tribe in the Sacred Heart Mission in Desmet, Idaho. The school was run by the Catholic nuns of the mission as an Indian boarding school to educate and civilize its pupils. It was eventually closed as a school in 1974 and the title of the building was transferred from the Sisters of Charity of Providence to the Coeur d’Alene tribe. It was used as the location for the tribe's education department, the cutting and sewing industry, and a historical interpretive center. The building was added to the National Historic Register in 1975. In 2011 the building was destroyed in a fire while being used for storage and telecommunications.

Sisters of Providence (Montreal)
The Sisters of Providence are a Catholic religious institute founded in 1843 by Émilie Gamelin. They are headquartered in Montreal, Quebec, with five provinces: Mother Joseph Province, Holy Angels Province, Philippines Vice-Province, Émilie-Gamelin Province and Bernard Morin Province.
Donna Lupardo
Donna A. Lupardo (born August 17, 1954) is a member of the New York State Assembly representing the 123rd Assembly District, which includes the city of Binghamton, New York, as well as the towns of Vestal, New York and Union, New York.  The villages of Johnson City, New York and Endicott, New York are contained within the Town of Union and also make up part of the district.

Union, New York
Union is a town in Broome County, New York, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town had a total population of 56,346. The name derives from the town having served as a rendezvous for the Sullivan Expedition.

The town is in the south-central part of the county, west of Binghamton. The communities of Union form the western suburbs of Binghamton. Two communities, the villages of Johnson City and Endicott, along with Binghamton, make up the "Triple Cities."
Rush Point, Minnesota
Rush Point is an unincorporated community in Nessel Township, Chisago County, Minnesota, United States.

Chisago County Roads 4 and 7 are two of the main routes in the community.  Nearby places include Rush City, Stanchfield, Braham, Grandy, Stark, Harris, and Cambridge.

ZIP codes 55080 (Stanchfield), 55069 (Rush City), and 55006 (Braham) all intersect near Rush Point.

Cambridge, Minnesota
Cambridge is a city in Isanti County, Minnesota, United States, located at the junction of Minnesota State Highways 65 and 95. The population was 9,611 at the 2020 census.  It is the county seat of Isanti County. It is located along the Rum River and BNSF's Hinckley Subdivision. Cambridge is notable for having the highest percentage of Swedish Americans of any city in the United States with a population of over 5,000 people.
Echu Tirmcharna
Echu Tirmcharna mac Fergusso (died ca. 556) was a king of Connacht from the Uí Briúin branch of the Connachta. Genealogically he is mentioned as the great-great grandson of  Dauí Tenga Uma (d. 500) a previous king. Prof. Byrne believes that the early Uí Briúin genealogies are fabricated however. His place in the king lists falls between the reign of Ailill Inbanda (d. 549) and of his son Áed mac Echach Tirmcharna (d. 575). The Annals of Tigernach simply mention him as king in 556 and his son's accession to the throne in 557.

A Poem on the Kings of Connaught describes him as Echu "dryflesh", the "choice man", and also as noble.

Connachta
The Connachta are a group of medieval Irish dynasties who claimed descent from the legendary High King Conn Cétchathach (Conn of the Hundred Battles). The modern western province of Connacht (Irish Cúige Chonnacht, province, literally "fifth", of the Connachta) takes its name from them, although the territories of the Connachta also included at various times parts of southern and western Ulster and northern Leinster. Their traditional capital was Cruachan (modern Rathcroghan, County Roscommon).
2012 Internationaux de Nouvelle-Calédonie – Doubles
Dominik Meffert and Frederik Nielsen were the defending champions, but decided not to participate.
Sanchai Ratiwatana and Sonchat Ratiwatana won the title, beating Axel Michon and Guillaume Rufin 6–0, 6–4 in the final.

Sanchai Ratiwatana
Sanchai Ratiwatana (Thai: สรรค์ชัย รติวัฒน์, pronounced [sǎn.t͡ɕʰāj rá(ʔ).tī.wát]), nicknamed Tong (ต้อง, [tɔ̂ŋ]; born 23 January 1982), is a professional tennis player from Thailand. He turned professional in 2004.

In 2007, Sanchai and his twin brother Sonchat Ratiwatana won their first ATP doubles title in Bangkok. They won their second title at the Chennai Open in India in 2008.

He reached World No. 39, his best doubles ranking, on 28 April 2008.