hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oceanside, California
Oceanside is a beach city in the North County area of San Diego County, California, United States. The city had a population of 174,068 at the 2020 United States census, making it the most populous city in the North County region of San Diego. The city is a popular tourist destination, owing to its historic landmarks, beaches, and architecture.

Oceanside's origins date to 1798, when the Spanish founded the village of San Luis Rey with the establishment of Mission San Luis Rey de Francia by Fermín de Lasuén. During the Spanish period, Mission San Luis Rey grew to be the largest of all the Californian missions, but following the Mexican secularization act of 1833 the mission and its community declined. Following the U.S. conquest of California, the former mission lands were developed into an oceanfront resort and the community's name gradually changed to Oceanside.

Conquest of California
The Conquest of California, also known as the Conquest of Alta California or the California Campaign, was a military campaign during the Mexican–American War carried out by the United States in Alta California (modern-day California), then part of Mexico, lasting from 1846 to 1847, and ending with signing of the Treaty of Cahuenga by military leaders from both the Californios and Americans.
String Trios, Op. 9 (Beethoven)
The three String Trios, Op. 9 were composed by Ludwig van Beethoven in 1797–98. He published them in Vienna in 1799, with a dedication to his patron Count Johann Georg von Browne (1767–1827). They were first performed by the violinist Ignaz Schuppanzigh with two colleagues from his string quartet. According to the violinist and conductor Angus Watson, these were probably Franz Weiss on viola and either Nikolaus Kraft or his father Anton on cello. Each of the trios consists of four movements:

String Trio No. 3 in G major, Op. 9 No. 1

String Trio No. 4 in D major, Op. 9 No. 2

String Trio No. 5 in C minor, Op. 9 No. 3

String trio
A string trio is a group of three string instruments or a piece written for such a group. From at least the 19th century on, the term "string trio" with otherwise unspecified instrumentation normally refers to the combination violin, viola and cello. The classical string trio emerged during the mid-18th century and later expanded into four subgenres: the grand trio, the concertant trio, the brilliant trio, and the Hausmusik trio.
Ricardo González Dávila
Ricardo González Dávila (born 26 May 1972) is a Spanish basketball coach who is currently the head coach of Þór Akureyri in the Úrvalsdeild kvenna. He coached North Korea's men's and women's national basketball teams from September to December 2016. He coached the Chilean women's national basketball team from 2013 to 2015.

North Korea men's national basketball team
The Democratic People's Republic of Korea national basketball team (recognized as Korea DPR by FIBA and known colloquially and in the media as North Korea) represents the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in international basketball and is controlled by the Amateur Basketball Association of DPR of Korea, the governing body for basketball in North Korea.

In December 2013, former American basketball professional Dennis Rodman visited North Korea to help train the national team after he developed a friendship with Supreme Leader Kim Jong Un during his first visit to the country in February 2013. Rodman's visit and a match between the North Korean team and former NBA stars was depicted in the 2015 documentary film Dennis Rodman's Big Bang in Pyongyang.
Field entrenchment
Field entrenchment is the activity of provision of cover and concealment, usually by the infantry arm of service, possibly with assistance from combat engineers or sappers. The entrenched position is intended to be a temporary one, taking maybe a day to create and to be held for no more than a week. However, during World War I these entrenched positions were progressively made more sophisticated over longer periods, leading to their evolution into tactical, operational and strategic stalemates and the emergence of trench warfare.

Military organization
Military organization (AE) or military organisation (BE) is the structuring of the armed forces of a state so as to offer such military capability as a national defense policy may require. Formal military organization tends to use hierarchical forms (see Modern hierarchy for terminology and approximate troop strength per hierarchical unit).

In some countries, paramilitary forces are included in a nation's armed forces, though not considered military. Armed forces that are not a part of military or paramilitary organizations, such as insurgent forces, often emulate military organizations, or use these structures.
Quaife (surname)
Quaife is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Adrian Quaife-Hobbs (born 1991), British racing driver

Alan Quaife (1945–2019), Australian rules footballer

Barzillai Quaife (1798–1873), British-born editor

Bernard Quaife (1899–1984), English cricketer

Darlene Quaife (born 1948), Canadian novelist

Frank Quaife (1905–1968), English cricketer

Geoffrey Robert Quaife, Australian social historian

John Quaife (born 1955), retired senior officer of the Royal Australian Air Force

Milo Quaife (1880–1959), American historian

Phil Quaife (born 1986), British racing driver

Pete Quaife (1943–2010), English musician, artist and author

Walter Quaife (1864–1943), English cricketer

Willie Quaife (1872–1951), English cricketer

Barzillai Quaife
Barzillai Quaife (29 December 1798 – 3 March 1873) was an English-born editor, Congregational and Presbyterian minister, bookseller and teacher active in both Australia and New Zealand. He was a fierce advocate for the rights of the Māori.
Sam Woods (baseball)
Samuel Nelson Woods (July 2, 1920 – September 5, 1983) was an American Negro league pitcher in the 1940s.

A native of Springfield, Ohio, Woods attended Springfield High School. He made his Negro leagues debut in 1946 with the Cleveland Buckeyes, and played for the Memphis Red Sox in 1948. Woods went on to play minor league baseball in the 1950s with such clubs as the Pampa Oilers and Plainview Ponies. He died in Las Vegas, Nevada in 1983 at age 63.

Memphis Red Sox
The Memphis Red Sox were an American Negro league baseball team that was active from 1920 to 1959. Originally named the Barber College Baseball Club, the team was initially owned and operated by Arthur P. Martin, a local Memphis barber. In the late 1920s the Martin brothers, all three Memphis doctors and businessmen, purchased the Red Sox. J. B. Martin, W. S. Martin, and B. B. Martin, would retain control of the club till its dissolution in 1959. The Red Sox played as members, at various times, of the Negro Southern League, Negro National League, and Negro American League. The team was never a titan of the Negro leagues like wealthier teams in northern cities of the United States, but sound management led to a continuous thirty-nine years of operation, a span that was exceeded by very few other teams. Following integration the team had five players that would eventually make the rosters of Major League Baseball teams and two players that were inducted into the Baseball Hall of Fame.
Vasily Kravkov
Vasily Pavlovich Kravkov (Russian: Василий Павлович Кравков; 4 March [O.S. 20 February] 1859 – 13 July 1920) was an Imperial Russian Army medical officer, Privy Councilor (1917), and author of diaries of the Russo-Japanese War and World War I.

Table of Ranks
The Table of Ranks (Russian: Табель о рангах, romanized: Tabel' o rangakh) was a formal list of positions and ranks in the military, government, and court of Imperial Russia. Peter the Great introduced the system in 1722 while engaged in a struggle with the existing hereditary nobility, or boyars. The Table of Ranks was formally abolished on 11 November 1917 by the newly established Bolshevik government. During the Vladimir Putin  presidency, a similar formalized structure has been reintroduced into many governmental departments, combined with formal uniforms and insignia: Local Government, Diplomatic Service, Prosecution Service, Investigative Committee.
Little Hardhats
Little Hardhats is an American educational children's television series. The show talks about how different machines do different jobs. Actors George Woodard and Rusty Dewees explain to the viewers how the different jobs work.

George Woodard
George Woodard (born June 18, 1952) is an actor, musician, and dairy farmer in Waterbury Center, Vermont. He experimented with acting in high school, taking part in high school and local summer stock plays and musicals, while rebuilding the family dairy business.  Later he moved to Hollywood for approximately four years to explore acting.  The need for someone to lead the operation of the Woodard family farm brought him home to Vermont. He took over the dairy business. His job of dairy farming mixed with his acting career resulted in his being featured in an article for Premiere Magazine.

He appeared in the films Time Chasers, Ethan Frome, My Mother's Early Lovers, The Mudge Boy, America's Heart and Soul, along with a few TV commercials.

In 2010, Woodard wrote the screenplay, directed, edited and acted in "The Summer of Walter Hacks," a coming of age story set in the long forgotten rural New England of the 1950s.
Shelter Hall
Shelter Hall is a food court in Brighton, England. It is a prominent landmark, located on the seafront at the bottom of the road leading down from Brighton railway station, and a short distance from the Brighton i360 and the West Pier.

It was built in the 1880s to provide shelter and refreshments to local fisherman and beach goers. During the 1980s and 1990s the space was repurposed from amusement arcade to gym before closing in 2012 due to structural failure. Work to reconstruct the building began in October 2015, and the hall was reopened in 2020.

In 2025, Shelter Hall was sold by food tech platform Sessions to London-based Market Halls, who also operate locations in Victoria, Oxford Street, Canary Wharf and Paddington.

The venue hosts community events such as the annual Christmas light switch-on for the city.

Food court
A food court (in Asia-Pacific also called food hall or hawker centre) is generally an indoor plaza or common area within a facility that is contiguous with the counters of multiple food vendors and provides a common area for self-serve dining.

Food courts may be found in shopping malls, airports, and parks. In various regions (such as Asia, the Americas, and Africa), a food court may be a standalone development. In some places of learning such as high schools and universities, food courts have also come to replace or complement traditional cafeterias.
Cosmoclostis aglaodesma
Cosmoclostis aglaodesma is a species of moth of the family Pterophoridae. It is found in Australia from the Atherton Tableland in Queensland, south to near Taree in New South Wales.

The larvae feed on the flowers of Gmelina arborea and Tectona species.

Pterophoridae
The Pterophoridae or plume moths are a family of Lepidoptera with unusually modified wings, giving them the shape of a narrow winged airplane. Though they belong to the Apoditrysia like the larger moths and the butterflies, unlike these they are tiny and were formerly included among the assemblage called "microlepidoptera".
Croatian Army
The Croatian Army (Croatian: Hrvatska kopnena vojska or HKoV) is the land force branch of the Croatian Armed Forces. It is the largest of its three service branches. The Croatian Army serves as the primary force for defending Croatia against external threats. Its responsibilities include participating in international peace support and humanitarian operations, as well as responding to and mitigating the effects of domestic emergencies caused by natural disasters, technical accidents, or other crises.

The Army is organized into combat units, combat support units, and service support units. Combat units include mechanized and armored-mechanized infantry. Combat support units cover artillery, air defense, engineering, communications, nuclear-biological-chemical defense, military police, and military intelligence. Service support units provide supply, transport, maintenance, and medical/sanitation services.

Army
An army, ground force or land force is an armed force that fights primarily on land. In the broadest sense, it is the land-based military branch, service branch, or armed service of a nation or country. It may also include aviation assets by possessing an army aviation component. Within a national military force, the word army may also mean a field army.
The Freshman (1925 film)
The Freshman is a 1925 American silent comedy film that tells the story of a college freshman trying to become popular by joining the school football team.  It stars Harold Lloyd, Jobyna Ralston, Brooks Benedict, and James Anderson.  It remains one of Lloyd's most successful and enduring films. When the film opened on September 20 at the B.S. Moss Colony Theater on Broadway, Broderick & Felsen's production of Campus Capers was the opening act which was engaged for the full ten weeks of the film's run.

The film was written by John Grey, Sam Taylor, Tim Whelan, and Ted Wilde.  It was directed by Taylor and Fred C. Newmeyer.

In 1990, The Freshman was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant," added in the second year of voting and one of the first 50 films to receive the honor.

Tim Whelan
Tim Whelan (November 2, 1893 – August 12, 1957) was an American film director, writer, producer and actor, best remembered for his writing credits on Harold Lloyd and Harry Langdon comedies, and for directing mostly British films, such as The Thief of Bagdad (1940).

In Britain he worked with leading production companies including British International Pictures, Gainsborough Pictures and Alexander Korda's London Films. In the United States he was employed by MGM and RKO. He returned to America following the outbreak of the Second World War, but came back to Britain for a film in 1948, This Was a Woman.

He was married to the film actress Miriam Seegar in 1932. Whelan died at his home in Beverly Hills.
Namorona
Namorona is a commune located on the east coast of Madagascar, at the mouth of the Namorona River. Since the division of Vatovavy-Fitovinany into the regions of Fitovinany and Vatovavy in 2021, it belongs to the district of Manakara in Fitovinany. It was previously part of the district of the district of Mananjary in Vatovavy-Fitovinany. Namorona recorded a population of 10,046 inhabitants in the 2018 Madagascar census.

Primary and junior level secondary education are available in town. The majority 96% of the population of the commune are farmers.  The most important crops are rice and cloves; also coffee is an important agricultural product. Services provide employment for 1% of the population. Additionally fishing employs 3% of the population.

Vatovavy
Vatovavy is a region of Madagascar. Its capital is Mananjary. It was created by dividing the former region of Vatovavy-Fitovinany on 16 June 2021.

Cyclone Batsirai made landfall at Mananjary in 2022, leaving 90 percent of the city destroyed.
John W. Gruner
John Walter Gruner (12 July 1890, Neurode, now Nowa Ruda – 1981) was a German-born American mineralogist, crystallographer, and geologist. He scientifically described and named two minerals: minnesotaite (1944) and groutite (1945).

Minnesotaite
Minnesotaite is an iron silicate mineral with formula: (Fe2+,Mg)3Si4O10(OH)2. It crystallizes in the triclinic crystal system and occurs as fine needles and platelets with other silicates.  It is isostructural with the pyrophyllite-talc mineral  group.
Jacob HaLevi of Marvège
Jacob HaLevi of Marvège (Hebrew: יעקב הלוי ממרויש) was a French rabbi and kabbalist who lived at Marvège in the thirteenth century.

It was said that by prayers and invocations he was able to obtain decisions from heaven in religious matters, which were communicated to him in dreams. His decisions are collected in his "She'elot UTeshubot min haShamayim" (Responsa from Heaven), published by Judah Zerahiah Azulai in part five of David ibn Zimra's responsa (Livorno, 1818). Some of his responsa are found also in Zedekiah ben Abraham Anaw's "Shibbole ha-Leḳeṭ" and in Jehiel ben Jekuthiel Anav's "Tanya Rabbati," an epitome of the latter.

David ben Solomon ibn Abi Zimra
David ben Solomon ibn (Abi) Zimra (Hebrew: ר׳ דָּוִד בֶּן שְׁלֹמֹה אִבְּן אָבִי זִמְרָא) (1479–1573)—also called the Radbaz (רַדְבָּ״ז) after the initials of his name, Rabbi David ben Zimra—was an early acharon of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries who was a leading posek, rosh yeshiva, chief rabbi, and author of more than 3,000 responsa (halakhic decisions) as well as several scholarly works.
Arctia yarrowii
Arctia yarrowii, or Yarrow's tiger moth, is a moth of the family Erebidae. It was described by Richard Harper Stretch in 1874. It is found in North America from Hudson Bay to British Columbia and northern Arizona. The habitat consists of barren rocky fellfields and slides above the timberline. These moths are also found in the Pacific Northwest.

The length of the forewings is about 22 mm. Adults are on wing from mid-July to mid-August.

The larvae probably feed on various herbaceous plants.

This species was formerly a member of the genus Pararctia, but was moved to Arctia along with the other species of the genera Acerbia, Pararctia, Parasemia, Platarctia, and Platyprepia.

Fellfield
A fellfield or fell field comprises the environment of a slope, usually alpine or tundra, where the dynamics of frost (freeze and thaw cycles) and of wind give rise to characteristic plant forms in scree interstices.
Agfacolor
Agfacolor was a series of color film products made by Agfa of Germany. The first Agfacolor, introduced in 1932, was a film-based version of their Agfa-Farbenplatte (Agfa color plate), a "screen plate" product similar to the French Autochrome. In late 1936, Agfa introduced Agfacolor Neu (New Agfacolor), a pioneering color film of the general type still in use today. The new Agfacolor was originally a reversal film used for making "slides", home movies and short documentaries. By 1939, it had also been adapted into a negative film and a print film for use by the German motion picture industry. After World War II, the Agfacolor brand was applied to several varieties of color negative film for still photography, in which the negatives were used to make color prints on paper. The reversal film was then marketed as Agfachrome.  These films use Color Developing Agent 1 in their color developer.

Color Developing Agent 1
Color Developing Agent 1 (CD-1) is the first in the series of color developing agents used in developing color films. It is the organic compound N,N-diethyl-1,4-benzenediamine (DPD), which is usually in the form of the monohydrochloride salt.  In color development, after reducing a silver atom in a silver halide crystal, the oxidized developing agent combines with a color coupler to form a color dye molecule.

Arthur Thomas Palin, a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry, developed a widely used color based method of water testing using DPD to indicate the chlorine content of treated water.
Russian research vessel Yantar
Yantar (Russian: Янтарь) is a special purpose intelligence collection ship built for the Russian Navy. The ship has been operated by the Russian Navy's Main Directorate of Underwater Research (GUGI) since 2015 and is reportedly a spy ship. The vessel's home port is Severomorsk, where it is attached to the Northern Fleet. It is the lead ship of the Project 22010 class, with two sister ships: Almaz (planned launch of 2019 but delayed), intended to serve with the Pacific Fleet, and Vice-Admiral Burilichev (laid down 2021).

Severomorsk
Severomorsk (Russian: Североморск, lit. 'northern sea [city]'), known as Vayenga (Ваенга) until 18 April 1951, is a closed town in Murmansk Oblast, Russia. Severomorsk is the main administrative base of the Russian Northern Fleet. The town is situated on the coast of the Barents Sea along the Kola Bay 25 kilometers (16 mi) northeast of Murmansk, the administrative centre of the oblast, to which it is connected by railway and a motorway. It is the main naval base of the Northern Fleet of Russia and the sixth largest city in the world beyond the Arctic Circle.
James Lyons (Upper Canada politician)
James Lyons was a merchant and political figure in Upper Canada. He represented Northumberland in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada from 1824 to 1834 as a Reformer.

Lyons lived in the Niagara District, then Cramahe Township and later Murray Township. He served in the militia during the War of 1812, later reaching the rank of captain. Lyons was a justice of the peace for the Newcastle District. He was elected in 1824, but his election was overturned in January of the following year and Benjamin Ewing was declared elected. After another appeal, Lyons was declared elected a month later. Both Ewing and Lyons were elected in 1828; Lyons was reelected in 1830.

Lyons was the son-in-law of James Richardson.

Quinte West
Quinte West (/ˈkwɪnti/) is a city, geographically located in but administratively separated from Hastings County, in Southern Ontario, Canada. It is on the western end of the Bay of Quinte on Lake Ontario. The Lake Ontario terminus of the Trent–Severn Waterway is in the municipality. Trenton is the largest community and serves as the administrative and commercial centre.
Karina Lauridsen
Karina Lauridsen (born 11 December 1976) is a former Paralympic athlete from Denmark. Lauridsen represented her country at the 2008 Summer Paralympics in Beijing winning a bronze and gold medal. She has won multiple medals over three World Championships at both long course and short course events. She has also won a bronze medal as a shot putter in the 2002 IPC World Athletics Championships.

Para-athletics
Para-athletics is the sport of athletics practiced by people with a disability as a parasport. The athletics events within the parasport are mostly the same as those available to able-bodied people, with two major exceptions in wheelchair racing and the club throw, which are specific to the division. Certain able-bodied events are rarely contested as para-athletic events outside deaf sport; pole vault, triple jump, hammer (of which the club throw is sometimes considered the para-athletic equivalent) and the three hurdling events. The sport is known by various names, including disability athletics, disabled track and field and Paralympic athletics. Top-level competitors may be called elite athletes with disability.
HMS Anacreon
Four vessels of Britain's Royal Navy have borne the name HMS Anacreon, named after the Greek poet Anacreon.

HMS Anacreon (1799) was the French privateer Anacreon, which HMS Champion captured in 1799. She was sold in 1802.

HMS Anacreon was the mercantile Anacreon launched at Sunderland in 1800 that the Navy acquired in 1804 for use as a defense ship of 16 guns. The Navy returned her to her owners in 1805, and she was wrecked in 1823.

HMS Anacreon (1813) was a Cormorant-class ship-sloop launched in 1813 and lost, presumed foundered with all hands, in February 1814 while en route from Lisbon.

HMS Anacreon (1815) was a schooner launched in 1815 and transferred to Customs the following year.

HMS Anacreon (1799)
HMS Anacreon was a French privateer launched in 1798 that the Royal Navy captured in 1799 and took into service. She had a brief career in which she took some minor prizes and engaged two enemy vessels in an inconclusive action. She was sold in December 1802.