hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HSwMS Nordkaparen
Two warships of Sweden have been named Nordkaparen, after the North Atlantic right whale:

HSwMS Nordkaparen (1935), a Delfinen-class submarine launched in 1935 and stricken in 1953.

HSwMS Nordkaparen (1961), a Draken II-class submarine launched in 1961 and stricken in 1988.

Draken-class submarine (1960)
The Draken class was a submarine class built for the Swedish Navy from 1960 to 1962. A total of six submarines were delivered. Four of the boats were modernised in 1981–1982. The design was a modified version of the Hajen class with only one shaft with a larger 5-bladed propeller for improved underwater performance and reduced noise. Draken, Vargen, Nordkaparen and Springaren were ordered from Kockums.  Gripen and Delfinen were from Karlskrona. These boats were decommissioned 1988–1990 and were succeeded by the Sjöormen and Näcken-class submarines.

One submarine, HSwMS Nordkaparen, was preserved and can be seen at the Maritiman in Gothenburg.
Louis Zutter
Jules Alexis "Louis" Zutter (2 December 1865 – 10 November 1946) was a Swiss gymnast.  He competed at the 1896 Summer Olympics in Athens.

Zutter won one of the events, the pommel horse.  He was also the runner-up in two more events, the vault and the parallel bars.  In addition, he competed in the horizontal bar event, but without success.

He was born in Les Ponts-de-Martel and lived in Peseux, where he was a member of the gymnastics club La Société des Amis gymnastes de Neuchâtel. In 1893 his father was hired as a trainer in Panachaikos Gymnastikos Syllogos and Louis became a member of the club. After his success in the 1896 Olympics, he was honoured in Patras with the Greek athletes by the city. The Zutter family left Greece due to the Greco-Turkish War (1897).

Pommel horse
The pommel horse, also known as vaulting horse, or "hobble horse" is an artistic gymnastics apparatus. Traditionally, it is used by only male gymnasts. Originally made of a metal frame with a wooden body and a leather cover, the modern pommel horse has a metal body covered with foam rubber and leather, with plastic pommels (handles). A similar apparatus designed for physical education lessons is called a vaulting buck.
Wadi Bih
Wadi Bih (Arabic: وَادِي ٱلْبَيْح) is a wadi that crosses the North-Western Hajar Mountains from the United Arab Emirates, and traversing Oman before returning to the UAE. From the West to the East, the crossing originates in Ras Al Khaimah, before cutting through the Omani exclave at the tip of the Musandam Peninsula, past the village of Zighi and into Dibba Al-Baya in Oman and then re-entering the UAE at Fujairah at Dibba Al-Hisn, on the Gulf of Oman. The wadi is a popular location for birdwatchers.

Access to Wadi Bih requires a border crossing between Oman and UAE.

Dibba Al-Baya
Dibbā Al-Bayʿah (Arabic: دِبَّا ٱلْبَيْعَة) is geographically part of the Dibba region that faces the Arabian Sea, and is bordered by the United Arab Emirates to the south. It is a Wilayat in the Muhafazah of Musandam, Sultanate of Oman, on the east coast of the Arabian Peninsula. It is considered one of the most famous Omani cities known in the pre-Islamic days because it contains Dibba market, which is one of the most famous Arab markets that was known at that time, as merchants from different countries around the world such as India, Sindh and China used to come to it, and some historians, such as Al-Asmai, attribute this name to the locusts Creeping to express the large number of people in it, and the area of that city is approximately 37 km2.
Pavuk
Pavúk (Slovak feminine: Pavúková) or Pavuk is a surname which means spider in several Slavic languages. Notable people with the surname include:

Daniel Pavúk (born 1998), Slovak footballer

František Pavúk (born 1993), Slovak football defender

Viktória Pavuk (born 1985), Hungarian figure skater

Viktória Pavuk
Viktória Pavuk (born 30 December 1985, in Budapest) is a Hungarian former competitive figure skater. She is a two-time International Cup of Nice champion and the 2011 Hungarian national champion.

Pavuk's first coach was István Simon and she also spent summers training with Igor Tchiniaev. She was later coached by her sister. In December 2012, Pavuk announced her retirement from competitive skating.
1986 Argentinian Open
The 1986 WTA Argentine Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Buenos Aires Lawn Tennis Club in Buenos Aires, Argentina and was part of the Category 1 tier of the 1987 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. It was the inaugural edition of the tournament and was held from 1 December until 8 December 1986. First-seeded Gabriela Sabatini won the singles title.

Buenos Aires Lawn Tennis Club
The Buenos Aires Lawn Tennis Club is a private tennis club in the Palermo neighborhood of Buenos Aires, Argentina. It hosts the ATP Buenos Aires, an ATP Tour tournament played on clay. The club is a founding member of the Argentine Tennis Association, established 2 September 1921, along with Quilmes, Ferrocarril del Sud, GEBA, Lomas, Belgrano, Ferro Carril Oeste, and Estudiantes BA and 12 other institutions.

Its main stadium court, Horacio Billoch Caride Stadium, has a capacity of 5,500. It was named after former club president Horacio Billoch Caride, who is considered one of the most notable tennis executives and who also presided over the Argentine Tennis Association. The stadium has hosted numerous Davis Cup and Fed Cup events.
Didier Hassoux
Didier Hassoux is a French investigative journalist and political writer. He is the co-author of six books about French politics, and he writes for the satirical newspaper Le Canard enchaîné.

During the 2017 French presidential election, center-right candidate François Fillon said Hassoux's sixth book, Bienvenue Place Beauvau, suggested President François Hollande ran a shadow cabinet to spread rumours about his opponents. Hassoux denied this was the case.

Le Canard enchaîné
Le Canard enchaîné (French pronunciation: [lə kanaʁ ɑ̃ʃɛne]; English: "The Chained Duck" or "The Chained Paper" as canard in French slang means "newspaper") is a satirical weekly newspaper in France. Its headquarters are in Paris.

Founded in 1915 during World War I, it features investigative journalism and leaks from sources inside the French government, the French political world and the French business world, as well as many jokes and cartoons. Le Canard enchaîné does not accept any advertisements and is privately owned, mostly by its own employees.
2009 Rakuten Japan Open Tennis Championships
The 2009 Rakuten Japan Open Tennis Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 36th edition of the event known that year as the Rakuten Japan Open Tennis Championships, and was part of the 500 Series of the 2009 ATP World Tour. It was held at the Ariake Coliseum in Tokyo, Japan, from October 5 through October 11, 2009. Second-seeded Jo-Wilfried Tsonga won the singles title.

ATP 500 tournaments
The ATP 500 tournaments (previously known as the ATP World Tour 500 tournaments, ATP International Series Gold, and ATP Championship Series) are the fourth-highest tier of annual men's tennis tournaments, after the four Grand Slam tournaments, ATP Finals, and the ATP Masters 1000 events. The winners of each tournament are awarded 500 ranking points—which accounts for the name of the series.

As of 2025, the series includes 16 tournaments, which have draws of 32 for singles (except for the Washington Open: 48) and 16 for doubles. Leading players must enter at least four 500 events, including at least one after the US Open; if they play fewer than four, or fail to play in one after the US Open they get a "zero" score towards their world ranking for each one short.

Roger Federer has won the most ATP 500 singles titles (24), while Daniel Nestor has won the most doubles titles (20).
Aldo Braibanti
Aldo Braibanti (17 September 1922 – 6 April 2014) was an Italian poet, essayist, screenwriter, playwright, director, and visual artist. A communist and anti-fascist, he fought as a partisan in the Italian Resistance, returning to his intellectual pursuits after the war. He dedicated himself to visual arts, cinema, theater, and literature, and to myrmecology and ecology.

Partisan (military)
A partisan (or partizan) is a member of a domestic irregular military force formed to oppose control of an area by a foreign power or by an army of occupation by some kind of insurgent activity.

The term can apply to the field element of resistance movements. The most common use in present parlance in several languages refers to occupation resistance fighters during World War II, especially under the Yugoslav partisan leader Josip Broz Tito.
Modibo
Modibo or Moodibbo is a given name in some Fulɓe or Fulani regions. In some regions it's used as a form of respect, which means 'a learned scholar'. Others are named Moodibbo after one's parents or grand parents. Notable people with the given name include:

Modibo Adama (1786 – 1847), Fulani scholar and Lamido Fombina

Modibo Diakité (born 1987), French footballer

Modibo Keïta (1915–1977), Malian politician

Modibo Keita (born 1942), Malian politician

Modibo Maïga (born 1987), Malian footballer

Modibo Niakaté (born 1981), French basketball player

Modibo Sagnan (born 1999), French footballer

Modibo Sidibé (born 1952), Malian politician

Modibo Tounty Guindo, Malian judge magistrate

Modibo Maïga
Modibo Maïga (born 3 September 1987) is a Malian professional footballer who plays as a striker.

A full international for Mali since 2007, he was part of their squads at the four Africa Cup of Nations tournaments, helping them to third place in the 2012 and 2013 editions.
Gerald Mayr
Gerald Mayr is a German palaeontologist who is Curator of Ornithology at the Senckenberg Research Institute in Frankfurt am Main, Hesse. He has published extensively on fossil birds, especially the Paleogene avifauna of Europe. He is an expert on the Eocene fauna of the Messel pit.

In 2022, alongside Thomas Lechner and Madelaine Böhme, Mayr described Allgoviachen tortonica, a new genus and species of anatid bird from the Hammerschmiede clay pits of Bavaria, Germany.

Below is a list of taxa that Mayr has contributed to naming:

Naturmuseum Senckenberg
The Naturmuseum Senckenberg (SMF) is a museum of natural history, located in Frankfurt am Main. It is the second-largest natural history museum in Germany. In the two years 2022–2023, 874,276 people visited the museum, which is owned by the Senckenberg Nature Research Society. Senckenberg's slogan is "world of biodiversity". As of 2019, the museum exhibits 18 reconstructed dinosaurs.
Cao Exiu
Cao Exiu (fl. 1290), was a Chinese actress and poet.

She was famous in contemporary China for her ability as a Zaju actress, and was and referred to by Gao Andao as one of the elite artists of that profession. She was also a published poet, and was described as a witty beauty with an elegant behavior. Contemporaries respected her for her education within history and the classics, and several stories exist about her.

Zaju
Zaju was a form of Chinese opera which provided entertainment through a synthesis of recitations of prose and poetry, dance, singing, and mime, with a certain emphasis on comedy (or, happy endings). Although with diverse and earlier roots, zaju has particularly been associated with the time of the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), and zaju remains important in terms of the historical study of the theater arts as well as Classical Chinese literature and poetry. Zaju is known to have been performed during the earlier Song (960–1279) and Jin (1115–1234) dynasties. The various particulars of the zaju multimedia performance were derived from many and diverse sources of musical, dance, poetry, and theater traditions.
Mederic (king)
Mederic (German: Mederich; Latin: Medericus) was an Alemannic petty king. His brother Chnodomarius was the petty king of another district. Mederic spent much time in Gaul, where he was introduced to ancient Greek culture. Because of this influence, Mederic gave his son Agenaric the name Serapio, after the Graeco-Egyptian god Serapis.

Egyptian Greeks
The Egyptian Greeks, also known as Egyptiotes (Greek: Αιγυπτιώτες, romanized: Eyiptiótes) or simply Greeks in Egypt (Greek: Έλληνες της Αιγύπτου, romanized: Éllines tis Eyíptou), are the ethnic Greek community from Egypt that has existed from the Hellenistic period until the aftermath of the Egyptian coup d'état of 1952, when most were forced to leave.
Ndendeule people
The Ndendeule are an ethnic group in Namtumbo District, Ruvuma Region, Tanzania, who speak the Ndendeule language. In 2000 the Ndendeule population was estimated to number 100,000.

The Ndendeule mainly practice Christianity or Islam.

Namtumbo District
10°27′59″S 36°07′48″E﻿ / ﻿10.466417°S 36.130085°E﻿ / -10.466417; 36.130085
Namtumbo District is one of the five districts of the Ruvuma Region of Tanzania.  It is bordered to the north by the Morogoro Region, to the east by the Tunduru District, to the south by Mozambique and to the west by the Songea Urban District and Songea Rural District.

As of 2022, the population of the Namtumbo District was 271,368.
Porgy fishing
Porgy is the common name in Australia for any fish which belongs to the family Sparidae. They are also called bream. Porgies live in shallow temperate marine waters and are bottom-dwelling carnivores. Most species possess grinding, molar-like teeth. They are often good eating fish, particularly the gilt-head bream and the dentex.

Artificial fly
An artificial fly or fly lure is a type of fishing lure, usually used in the sport of fly fishing (although they may also be used in other forms of angling). In general, artificial flies are an imitation of aquatic insects that are natural food of the target fish species the fly fishers try to catch. Artificial flies are constructed by fly tying, in which furs, feathers, thread or any of very many other materials are tied onto a fish hook.

Artificial flies may be constructed to represent all manner of potential preys to freshwater and saltwater fish, including aquatic and terrestrial insects, crustaceans, worms, spawn, small baitfish, reptiles, amphibians, mammals and even birds. Effective artificial fly patterns are said to be killing flies because of their ability to put fish in the creel for the fly fisher. There are thousands of artificial fly patterns, many of them with descriptive and often idiosyncratic names.
Have Thine Own Way, Lord
"Have Thine Own Way, Lord" is a Christian hymn with lyrics by Adelaide A. Pollard and music by George C. Stebbins. It was first published in 1907 in the "Northfield Hymnal with Alexander's Supplement". Later that year, it also appeared in two other popular hymnals, Ira Sankey's "Hallowed Hymns New and Old" and Sankey and Clement's "Best Endeavor Hymns".

George Coles Stebbins
George Coles Stebbins (1846–1945) was a gospel song writer. Stebbins was born February 26, 1846, in Orleans County, New York, where he spent the first 23 years of his life on a farm. In 1869 he moved to Chicago, Illinois, which marked the beginning of his musical career.
1891 Illawarra colonial by-election
A by-election for the seat of Illawarra in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly was held on 3 October 1891 because the Elections and Qualifications Committee declared that the election of John Nicholson and Andrew Lysaght Sr. at the election for Illawarra in June was void because of there were insufficient printed ballot papers and handwritten papers were used.

Results of the 1891 New South Wales colonial election
The 1891 New South Wales election was for 141 members representing 74 electoral districts. The election was conducted on the basis of a simple majority or first-past-the-post voting system. In this election there were 39 multi-member districts returning 106 members. In these multi-member districts each elector could vote for as many candidates as there were vacancies. 7 of the 35 single member districts were uncontested. The average number of enrolled voters per seat was 2,166, ranging from Wilcannia (1,023) to Sturt (8,306). Sturt was an anomaly, as enrolments had increased by 5,376 since the 1889 election, and the next largest electorate was Canterbury (4,676).
Rural cluster development
A rural cluster development (RCD) is a form of residential subdivision. In an RCD, houses are clustered together in areas zoned for larger properties. The remainder of the land is often designated open space. The effect is tract-home density in the middle of rural communities.

Subdivision (land)
Subdivisions are land that is divided into pieces that are easier to sell or otherwise develop, usually via a plat. The former single piece as a whole is then known as a subdivision. Subdivisions may be simple, involving only a single seller and buyer, or complex, involving large tracts of land divided into many smaller parcels.  If it is used for housing it is typically known as a housing subdivision or housing development, although some developers tend to call these areas communities.

Subdivisions may also be for the purpose of commercial or industrial development, and the results vary from retail shopping malls with independently owned out parcels to industrial parks.
2011 Canarian Island Cabildo elections
The 2011 Canarian Island Cabildo elections were held on Sunday, 22 May 2011, to elect the 9th Island Cabildos of El Hierro, Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria, La Gomera, La Palma, Lanzarote and Tenerife. All 157 seats in the seven Island Cabildos were up for election.

Gran Canaria
Gran Canaria (UK: /ˌɡræn kəˈnɛəriə, -ˈnɑːr-/, US: /ˌɡrɑːn kəˈnɑːriə, -ˈnɛər-/; Spanish: [ɡɾaŋ kaˈnaɾja] ⓘ), also Grand Canary Island, is the third-largest and second-most-populous island of the Canary Islands, a Spanish archipelago off the Atlantic coast of Northwest Africa. As of 2023 the island had a population of 862,893 that constitutes approximately 40% of the population of the archipelago. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, the capital of the island, is the largest city of the Canary Islands and the ninth-largest city of Spain.

Gran Canaria is located in the Atlantic Ocean in a region known as Macaronesia about 150 kilometres (93 mi) off the northwestern coast of Africa and about 1,350 km (840 mi) from Europe. With an area of 1,560 km2 (600 sq mi) and an altitude of 1,956 m (6,417 ft) at Morro de la Agujereada, Gran Canaria is the third largest island of the archipelago in both area and altitude. Gran Canaria is also the third most populated island in Spain.
Eduard Karsen
Johann Eduard Karsen (10 March 1860, Amsterdam - 31 October 1941, Amsterdam) was a Dutch Post-Impressionist painter, known for his moody scenes featuring villages and farmhouses; usually containing a solitary figure. He was associated with the literary movement known as the "Tachtigers" (The Eighties).

19th-century Dutch literature
After the last years of the 18th century, which had seen the decline of the Dutch Republic, including the arts and international politics, the 19th-century was marked by a general revival of intellectual force. The romantic movement in Germany made itself deeply felt in all branches of Dutch literature and German lyricism took the place hitherto held by French classicism, in spite of the country falling to French expansionism, during the Batavian revolution.
A Hard Jay's Night
"A Hard Jay's Night" is the 19th episode of the fifth season of the American sitcom Modern Family, and the series' 115th overall. It was aired on April 2, 2014. The episode was written by Megan Ganz and Ben Karlin and directed by Beth McCarthy-Miller. The episode touches heavily on the theme of discomfort in settling into new phases of life. The title of the episode, is a reference to the Lennon-McCartney, written Beatles track, and film A Hard Day's Night (film)

Megan Ganz
Megan Ann Ganz (born June 1, 1984) is an American writer, producer, director, podcaster, and former associate editor of The Onion. She has been a writer and executive producer on the FXX series It's Always Sunny in Philadelphia since 2017. She previously wrote for the NBC series Community for three years from 2010 to 2013, and left to write for Modern Family from 2013 to 2015, where she won an Emmy. She also wrote for the Fox comedy series The Last Man on Earth, and co-created the Apple TV+ comedy series Mythic Quest alongside Rob McElhenney and Charlie Day.
Ulnar–mammary syndrome
Ulnar–mammary syndrome or Schinzel syndrome is a cutaneous (or skin) condition characterized by nipple and breast hypoplasia (or aplasia), i.e. underdevelopment. Features of UMS can be mild to severe and can vary significantly from person to person, even within the same family. The main features of UMS include upper limb defects (including abnormal or incomplete development of the fingers and forearm), underdevelopment of the apocrine and mammary glands (leading to absent breast development and the inability to produce breast milk), and various genital abnormalities. Other signs and symptoms may include hormonal deficiencies, delayed puberty (particularly in males), dental problems and obesity. People with UMS may have distinct facial features, including a wide face tapering to a prominent chin, and a broad nose.

Apocrine
Apocrine (/ˈæpəkrɪn/)  is a term used to classify the mode of secretion of exocrine glands. In apocrine secretion, secretory cells accumulate material at their apical ends, often forming blebs or "snouts", and this material then buds off from the cells, forming extracellular vesicles. The secretory cells therefore lose part of their cytoplasm in the process of secretion.

An example of true apocrine glands is the mammary glands, responsible for secreting breast milk. Apocrine glands are also found in the anogenital region and axillae.

Apocrine secretion is less damaging to the gland than holocrine secretion (which destroys a cell) but more damaging than merocrine secretion (exocytosis).

Apocrine secretion

Apocrine gland

Histology of apocrine cells, H&E stain.
Doria Sharaf El-Din
Doria Sharaf El-Din (born 30 May 1948) is an Egyptian media figure, writer, and politician. She is the former Egypt's Minister of Information and currently the Head of the Culture, Media, and Antiquities Committee in the Egyptian House of Representatives.

Ministry of Information (Egypt)
The Ministry of Information (Arabic: وزارة الإعلام) is the ministry in charge of state-owned media and press in Egypt, and for regulating the practices through affiliate agencies. Established in 1971, the ministry has been dissolved and re-established several times, most recently being revived in February 2026 under the leadership of Diaa Rashwan.
Miguel de Bragança, Duke of Lafões
Dom Michael of Braganza (Portuguese: Miguel de Bragança) was a Portuguese infante, illegitimate son of King Pedro II of Portugal and of the French lady Anne Armande Pastre de Verger (sometimes called du Vergé). Miguel was legitimated by his half-brother, King John V of Portugal, who demanded he should be regarded as his brother. He was born in Lisbon on 15 October 1699, and died by drowning in the Tagus River on 13 January 1724.

Legitimacy (family law)
Legitimacy, in traditional Western common law, is the status of a child born to parents who are legally married to each other, and of a child conceived before the parents obtain a legal divorce.

Conversely, illegitimacy, also known as bastardy, has been the status of a child born outside marriage, such a child being known as a bastard, a love child, a natural child, or illegitimate. In Scots law, the terms natural son and natural daughter carry the same implications.

The importance of legitimacy has decreased substantially in Western countries since the sexual revolution of the 1960s and 1970s and the declining influence of Christian churches in family and social life.

A 2009 report from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention indicated that in 2007 a substantial proportion of births in Western countries occurred outside marriage.