hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Letitia Clark
Letitia Sarah Clark MBE, RRC (1870-1939) was a matron and nursing leader. She ran West Ham Union Infirmary, later Whipps Cross Hospital  from 1907 for over 24 years. From 1917 she also ran Whipps Cross War Hospital. She was a founding member of the College of Nursing and a member of the college's governing council. She was a member of the General Nursing Council, and an advocate for the State Registration for nurses.

Royal Red Cross
The Royal Red Cross (RRC) is a military decoration awarded in the United Kingdom and Commonwealth for exceptional services in military nursing. It was created in 1883, and the first two awards were to Florence Nightingale and Jane Cecilia Deeble. Deeble had served in Zulu Kingdom and the Colony of Natal during the Anglo-Zulu War in 1879, and she had noted that the work of the nurses was not recognised officially.
Nukutsky District
Nukutsky District (Russian: Нукутский райо́н; Buryat: Нγхэдэй аймаг, Nükhedei aimag) is an administrative district of Ust-Orda Buryat Okrug of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, one of the thirty-three in the oblast. Municipally, it is incorporated as Nukutsky Municipal District. It is located in the south of the oblast. The area of the district is 2,400 square kilometers (930 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a settlement) of Novonukutsky. Population: 15,743 (2010 census); 17,209 (2002 Census); 17,110 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Novo-Nukutsky accounts for 21.8% of the district's total population.

Buryat language
Buryat or Buriat, known in foreign sources as the Bargu-Buryat dialect of Mongolian, and in pre-1956 Soviet sources as Buryat-Mongolian, is a variety of the Mongolic languages spoken by the Buryats and Bargas that is classified either as a language or major dialect group of Mongolian.
Q-expansion principle
In mathematics, the q-expansion principle states that a modular form f has coefficients in a module M if its q-expansion at enough cusps resembles the q-expansion of a modular form g with coefficients in M. It was introduced by Katz (1973, corollaries 1.6.2, 1.12.2).

Module (mathematics)
In mathematics, a module is a generalization of the notion of vector space in which the field of scalars is replaced by a (not necessarily commutative) ring. The concept of a module also generalizes the notion of an abelian group, since the abelian groups are exactly the modules over the ring of integers.

Like a vector space, a module is an additive abelian group, and scalar multiplication is distributive over the operations of addition between elements of the ring or module and is compatible with the ring multiplication.

Modules are very closely related to the representation theory of groups. They are also one of the central notions of commutative algebra and homological algebra, and are used widely in algebraic geometry and algebraic topology.
1997 Grand National
The 1997 Grand National (known officially as the Martell Grand National and also informally as the Monday National) was the 150th official running of the Grand National steeplechase held at Aintree near Liverpool. The race was scheduled to be run on Saturday 5 April 1997, but was postponed by two days to Monday 7 April after a Provisional Irish Republican Army (IRA) bomb threat forced the evacuation of the course.

The race was won in a time of nine minutes and 5.9 seconds and by a distance of 25 lengths by New Zealand-bred Lord Gyllene at odds of 14/1. He was ridden by jockey Tony Dobbin, trained by Steve Brookshaw at his Preston Farm base in Uffington, Shropshire, and ran in the colours of Stanley Clarke. Brookshaw collected £178,146 of a total prize fund of £303,300 shared through the first six finishers. There were two equine fatalities during the race.

Tony Dobbin
Tony Dobbin (born 1 May 1972) is a retired Northern Irish National Hunt jockey who rode mainly in Great Britain. He rode the winner of the Grand National on Lord Gyllene in 1997 for owner Sir Stanley Clarke CBE, and won over 1,200 races during his career in the saddle. He was the regular stable jockey for Nicky Richards. He retired from racing on Thursday, 10 April 2008 riding the winner of his final race, Ballyvoge, at Carlisle Racecourse. He has assisted his wife, Rose Davidson, training racehorses since 2009.
Perky, Florida
Perky is a ghost town in Monroe County, Florida, United States. It is located in the lower Florida Keys on Lower Sugarloaf Key near mile marker 17 on US 1 (the Overseas Highway).

A post office called Perky was established in 1929, and remained in operation until 1942. The town was named for its founder, R. C. Perky.

It is the site of the historic Sugarloaf Key Bat Tower built by Richter Clyde Perky in 1929. The tower was destroyed in 2017 by Hurricane Irma, and the original fishcamp is now a restaurant and lodge.

Overseas Highway
The Overseas Highway is a 113-mile (181.9 km) highway carrying U.S. Route 1 (US 1) through the Florida Keys to Key West. Large parts of it were built on the former right-of-way of the Overseas Railroad, the Key West Extension of the Florida East Coast Railway. Completed in 1912, the Overseas Railroad was heavily damaged and partially destroyed in the 1935 Labor Day hurricane. The Florida East Coast Railway was financially unable to rebuild the destroyed sections, so the roadbed and remaining bridges were sold to the state of Florida for $640,000.

Since the 1950s, the Overseas Highway has been refurbished into a main coastal highway between the cities of Miami and Key West, offering travelers an exotic roadway through a tropical savanna environment and access to the largest area of coral reefs on the U.S. mainland. Many exotic animals such as the American alligator, American crocodile, and Key deer inhabit the tropical islands of the Florida Keys.
Ibertren
Ibertren is a Spanish brand of model railway, based in Barcelona. It specialises in models of the Spanish RENFE train engines and cars.

Ibertren N scale models were quite popular in Spain in the 90s; as of 2008, it sells a very limited selection of N models and a few H0 models.

HO scale
HO or H0 is a rail transport modelling scale using a 1:87 scale (3.5 mm to 1 foot). It is the most popular scale of model railway in the world. The rails are spaced 16.5 millimetres (0.650 in) apart for modelling 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge tracks and trains in HO.

The name HO comes from 1:87 scale being half that of O scale, which was originally the smallest of the series of older and larger 0, 1, 2 and 3 gauges introduced by Märklin around 1900. Rather than referring to the scale as "half-zero" or "H-zero", English-speakers have consistently  pronounced it /eɪtʃ oʊ/ and have generally written it with the letters HO. In other languages it also remains written with the letter H and number 0 (zero); in German it is thus pronounced as [ha: 'nʊl]. In Japan, many models are produced using 1:80 scale (16.5 mm track is still used).
Rhacophorus exechopygus
Rhacophorus exechopygus is a species of frog in the family Rhacophoridae. It is found in the Central Highlands of Vietnam and in the adjacent Annamite Range in Laos. Its range may extend into northeastern Cambodia where suitable habitat should be present. The specific name exechopygus is derived from the Greek words exechos (=jutting out) and pygos (=buttocks), referring to the infra-anal projection characteristic of this frog. Its common names are spinybottom tree frog and Tramlap flying tree frog.

Annamite Range
The Annamite Range (Lao: ພູ ຫລວງ, romanized: Phū Lūang; Vietnamese: Dãy Trường Sơn, IPA: [zǎˀj ʈʂɯə̀n ʂɤ̄n]) is a major mountain range of Mainland Southeast Asia, extending approximately 1,100 km (680 mi) through Laos, Vietnam, and a small area in northeast Cambodia.
Remnant 2
Remnant 2 is a third-person shooter action role-playing video game developed by Gunfire Games and published by Gearbox Publishing. A sequel to Remnant: From the Ashes, the game was released for PlayStation 5, Windows and Xbox Series X/S on July 25, 2023.

Remnant 2 received generally positive reviews from critics. The game sold over 1 million units during its first week after launch, and over 2 million units by September 2023. Three DLC packs for the game were released.

Procedural generation
In computing, procedural generation is a method of creating data algorithmically as opposed to manually, typically through a combination of human-generated content and algorithms coupled with computer-generated randomness and processing power. In computer graphics, it is commonly used to create textures and 3D models. In video games, it is used to automatically create large amounts of content in a game. Depending on the implementation, advantages of procedural generation can include smaller file sizes, larger amounts of content, and randomness for less predictable gameplay.
Sterling Allen Brown
Sterling Allen Brown (May 1, 1901 – January 13, 1989) was an American professor, folklorist, poet, and literary critic. He chiefly studied black culture of the Southern United States and was a professor at Howard University for most of his career. Brown was the first Poet Laureate of the District of Columbia.

Fisk University
Fisk University is a private historically black liberal arts college in Nashville, Tennessee, United States. It was founded in 1866 and its 40-acre (16 ha) campus is a historic district listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

In 1930, Fisk became the first historically black institution to gain accreditation by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS). Fisk is the oldest institution for higher education in Nashville.
Laurie Graham (politician)
Laurence William Graham (born 21 November 1945) is an Australian politician. He was elected to the Western Australian Legislative Council at the 2017 state election, as a Labor member in Agricultural Region. His term began on 22 May 2017 and ended on 21 May 2021 following his retirement at the 2021 state election.

Graham was a member of Greater Geraldton City Council before entering state politics.

City of Greater Geraldton
The City of Greater Geraldton is a local government area in the Mid West region of Western Australia, 424 kilometres (263 mi) north of the state capital, Perth on the Indian Ocean. It covers an area of 12,625.5 square kilometres (4,874.7 sq mi), and its seat of government is the town of Geraldton.

It was established on 1st July 2011 following the amalgamation of the Shire of Mullewa and the City of Geraldton-Greenough, itself a product of a 2007 amalgamation between the City of Geraldton and Shire of Greenough.
Safi Khan Lezgi
Alqas Mirza, better known by his later name of Safi-(Qoli) Khan Lezgi, was a 17th-century official in Safavid Iran, who hailed from a Lezgian princely family. A native of Dagestan, he was the son of Aldas (Ildas) Mirza Shamkhal, also known as Ildirim Khan Shamkhal, and therefore a member of the family of the Shamkhal of Kumukh. He was sent to the Safavid court in Isfahan at a young age by his father during king Safi's reign (1629-1642), where he grew up and was renamed "Safi(-Qoli) Khan". He served as the governor (hakem) of the Erivan Province (also known as Chokhur-e Sa'd) from 1666 to 1674.

His son, Fath-Ali Khan Daghestani, rose to become one of the most powerful individuals in the Safavid state.

Erivan province (Safavid Iran)
The Erivan province (Persian: ولایت ایروان, romanized: Velāyat-e Iravān), also known as Chokhur-e Sa'd (چخور سعد), was a province of Safavid Iran, centered on the territory of the present-day Armenia. Erivan (Yerevan) was the provincial capital and the seat of the Safavid governors.

At the end of the Safavid period, it had the following administrative jurisdictions; Bayazid, Maghazberd (now near Üçbölük village of Arpaçay district), Maku, Nakhchivan, Sadarak, Shadidlu, Zaruzbil, and the tribal district of the Donbolis.

The provinces of Erivan and Karabakh were the two administrative territories that made up Iranian Armenia.
Dudnik
Dudnik or Dudnyk (Russian: Дудник) is a gender-neutral Slavic surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Dudnik (1939–1996), Kazakhstani serial killer

Andrei Dudnik (born 1981), Russian football player

Ihor Dudnyk (born 1985), Ukrainian football defender

Olesya Dudnik (born 1974), Ukrainian gymnastics coach and former artistic gymnast

Yelena Dudnik (born 1978), Russian sport shooter

Yuriy Dudnyk (born 1968), Ukrainian football coach and a former player

Yurii Dudnyk (footballer, born 2002), Ukrainian football player

Alexander Dudnik
Alexander Grigorievich Dudnik (Kazakh: Александр Григорьевич Дудник; Russian: Александр Григорьевич Дудник; 6 August 1939 – 5 April 1996) was a Kazakhstani serial killer and rapist who murdered at least 3 women in and around Vishnevka between 1993 and 1994. Before committing a series of murders, Dudnik had been convicted of rape three times during the Soviet era. In 1995, he was sentenced to death, which was carried out in April 1996. Dudnik had a distinctive feature - his left leg was amputated above the knee. He was known by the nicknames the "Akmola Chikatilo", "One-Legged Maniac", "Maniac from Vishnevka" and "One-Legged Grandfather".
The Breakthrough: Immunotherapy and the Race to Cure Cancer
The Breakthrough: Immunotherapy and the Race to Cure Cancer is a non-fiction book written by American journalist and author Charles Graeber. The book was written for the lay reader and includes sections on immunology written for a general audience. It was published by Twelve just before James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo won the 2018 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work on cancer immunology.

Cancer immunology
Cancer immunology (immuno-oncology) is an interdisciplinary branch of biology and a sub-discipline of immunology that is concerned with understanding the role of the immune system in the progression and development of cancer; the most well known application is cancer immunotherapy, which utilises the immune system as a treatment for cancer. Cancer immunosurveillance and immunoediting are based on protection against development of tumors in animal systems and (ii) identification of targets for immune recognition of human cancer.
Dudnik
Dudnik or Dudnyk (Russian: Дудник) is a gender-neutral Slavic surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Alexander Dudnik (1939–1996), Kazakhstani serial killer

Andrei Dudnik (born 1981), Russian football player

Ihor Dudnyk (born 1985), Ukrainian football defender

Olesya Dudnik (born 1974), Ukrainian gymnastics coach and former artistic gymnast

Yelena Dudnik (born 1978), Russian sport shooter

Yuriy Dudnyk (born 1968), Ukrainian football coach and a former player

Yurii Dudnyk (footballer, born 2002), Ukrainian football player

Olesya Dudnik
Olesya [alternate spelling Olessia] Dudnik (Олеся Віталіївна Дудник; born August 15, 1974, in Zaporizhia, Ukraine) is a gymnastics coach and former artistic gymnast who competed internationally for the Soviet Union between 1988 and 1990.  She was the world champion on the vault in 1989 and is regarded as one of the greatest gymnasts ever on the balance beam.  Her brief competitive career was ended by injuries.
Atlatzi River
The Atlatzi River is a river in the Pacific Ranges in the Central Coast region of British Columbia, Canada, flowing southwest into the lower Kingcome River, which feeds the head of Kingcome Inlet.  It had been called Back River on a 1919 map of British Columbia.  Its headwaters are at 51°03′N 125°52′W﻿ / ﻿51.050°N 125.867°W﻿ / 51.050; -125.867﻿ (headwaters of the Atlatzi R).

British Columbia Coast
The British Columbia Coast, popularly referred to as the BC Coast or simply the Coast, is a geographic region of the Canadian province of British Columbia. As the entire western continental coastline of Canada along the Pacific Ocean is in the province, it is synonymous with being the West Coast of Canada.

While the exact boundaries are variously defined, the region is generally defined to include the 15 regional districts that have coastline along the Pacific Ocean or Salish Sea, or are part of the Lower Mainland, a subregion of the British Columbia Coast. Other boundaries may exclude parts of or even entire regional districts, such as those of the aforementioned Lower Mainland.
Robert Veverka
Robert Veverka (born 18 November 1976) is a Czech municipal politician and activist. He is a representative of district Prague 2, a member of the Prague 2 Safety Commission, and a cannabis legalization activist. He has been repeartedly elected to the Prague 2 council as an independent candidate with the support of the Czech Pirate Party. From 2010 to 2022, he was editor-in-chief of the magazine Legalizace (Legalization), which was ironically declared "illegal" and was forced to cease publication in a high-profile freedom of the press case.

Prague 2
Prague 2, formally the Prague 2 Municipal District (Městská čast Praha 2), is a second-tier municipality in Prague. It is co-extensive with the national administrative district (správní obvod) of the same name.

As of the end of 2004, 48,918 people lived in 34,689 homes in the district. At 4.19 km2 (1,035 acres), Prague 2 is the smallest administrative district in the country.

The district includes all of Vyšehrad and parts of Vinohrady, New Town and Nusle. The district has remained intact since its creation in 1960.
Joe Fanning
Joseph Kevin Fanning (born 24 September 1970) is a Group 1 winning Irish jockey. He has won races at every flat racecourse in Great Britain and has twice been All-Weather Champion Jockey. Since the 1990s, he has been stable jockey to Mark Johnston, for whom he has won most of his races. He is the 7th winningmost jockey in British flat racing history and has the most winners of any jockey not to have won the Jockeys' Championship.

Prix Gladiateur
The Prix Gladiateur is a Group 3 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbreds aged four years or older. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 3,100 metres (about 1 mile and 7½ furlongs), and it is scheduled to take place each year in September.
Cold as Ice (album)
Cold as Ice is the only studio album by American rapper Charli Baltimore, released promotionally on August 3, 1999, through Epic Records. It was originally titled "To Hell & Back", with a release date of April 28, 1999.  The album did not make it to any Billboard charts since it did not see a public release, but the single "Stand Up" reached #9 on the Hot Rap Singles. Guests on the album include Ghostface Killah, Da Brat, Lady of Rage, Gangsta Boo, Mobb Deep, Cam'ron, Noreaga, and producer DJ Premier. Baltimore also recorded a collaboration with former friend Mase titled "Ice," but the song's prominent sample of "Under Pressure" by Queen and David Bowie could not be cleared.  The album has now been released as a digital download on iTunes, with "Money" being a separate download from the Woo Soundtrack.

Hot Rap Songs
Hot Rap Songs (formerly known as Hot Rap Tracks and Hot Rap Singles) is a chart released weekly by Billboard in the United States. It lists the 25 most popular hip-hop/rap songs, calculated weekly by airplay on rhythmic and urban radio stations and sales in hip hop-focused or exclusive markets. Streaming data, digital downloads and All-Format radio stations were added to the methodology of determining chart rankings in 2012. From 1989 through 2001, it was based on how much the single sold in that given week.
Open for Business (TV series)
Open for Business is an Irish business series to guide Irish businesses as the country emerged from lockdown during the COVID-19 pandemic. First aired on 21 July 2020 on RTÉ One, it is presented by Richard Curran and Ella McSweeney, and is sponsored by Enterprise Ireland.

Retail in the Republic of Ireland
In Ireland, the retail sector provides one of the largest sources of employment in the economy, representing over 12% of the workforce. As of 2017, approximately 40,000 wholesale and retail businesses employed almost 280,000 people in Ireland, with the Department of Enterprise, Trade and Employment reporting that 90% of these businesses were Irish-owned.

As of 2017, the retail market was worth €40 billion annually, with the supermarket sector reportedly comprising €9 billion of this figure. For the same period, €5 billion was spent by Irish consumers with online retailers - €3 billion of this going to non-Irish sites.
2001 American Le Mans Series
The 2001 American Le Mans Series season was the third season for the IMSA American Le Mans Series, and the 31st overall season of the IMSA GT Championship.  It was a series for Le Mans Prototypes (LMP) and Grand Touring (GT) race cars divided into 4 classes: LMP900, LMP675, GTS, and GT.  It began March 4, 2001 and ended October 6, 2001 after 10 races.

This season shared events with the new European Le Mans Series, with two events being held in Europe.

Grand tourer
A grand tourer (GT) is a type of car that is designed for high speed, long-distance driving with luxury specifications. The most common format is a front-engine, rear-wheel-drive two-door coupé with either a two-seat or a 2+2 arrangement. Grand tourers are often the coupé derivative of luxury saloons or sedans. Some models, such as the Ferrari 250 GT, Jaguar E-Type, and Aston Martin DB5, are considered classic examples of gran turismo cars.

The term is a near-calque from the Italian language phrase gran turismo, which became popular in the English language in the 1950s, evolving from fast touring cars and streamlined closed sports cars during the 1930s.
Ukraine's 202nd electoral district
48°09′37″N 25°43′18″E﻿ / ﻿48.16035919508813°N 25.7215662°E﻿ / 48.16035919508813; 25.7215662

Ukraine's 202nd electoral district is a Verkhovna Rada (parliament) constituency in Chernivtsi Oblast. Established in its current form in 2012, it comprises the western part of the oblast, including Vyzhnytsia Raion and parts of Chernivtsi Raion. Prior to the administrative division reform, it included Vyzhnytsia, Kitsman, and Putyla raions, as well as part of Storozhynets Raion. The district includes 166 polling stations.

The constituency is bordered by the 89th electoral district in Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast to the west, the 201st, 203rd, and 204th electoral districts to the east, the 89th and 204th districts to the north, and Romania to the south.

Chernivtsi Raion
Chernivtsi Raion (Ukrainian: Чернівецький район) is a raion (district) of Chernivtsi Oblast, Ukraine. It was created on 18 July 2020 as part of the reform of administrative divisions of Ukraine. Most of its territory is located in the historical region of Bukovina, while the southeastern parts are in Bessarabia, and the Hertsa region. The center of the raion is the city of Chernivtsi. Four abolished raions, Hertsa, Hlyboka, Storozhynets, and Zastavna Raions, part of abolished Kitsman and Novoselytsia Raions, as well as the city of Chernivtsi, which was previously incorporated as a city of oblast significance, were merged into Chernivtsi Raion. Population: 648,643 (2022 estimate).
Flag of Washington
The flag of Washington consists of the state's seal, a portrait of George Washington, on a dark green field with optional gold fringe. It is the only U.S. state flag with a green field, as well as the only state flag with the likeness of a U.S. president. The secretary of state regulates flag protocol related to the state flag, as well as approving replica flags for commercial sale and other standards related to the flag.

Though Washington had achieved statehood in 1889, it did not have an official flag at the time. In 1915, the Washington chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution designed a green flag with a centered state seal and campaigned for its adoption by the Washington State Legislature in the early 1920s. The flag was officially adopted on March 5, 1923, and has since undergone minor revisions, including the use of standardized colors in 1955 and a modernized seal in 1967.

Revised Code of Washington
The Revised Code of Washington (RCW) is the compilation of all permanent laws currently in force in the U.S. state of Washington.  Temporary laws such as appropriations acts are excluded. It is published by the Washington State Statute Law Committee and the Washington State Code Reviser which it employs and supervises.