hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hans Henrich Hock
Hans Henrich Hock (born 26 September 1938) is a German-born American linguist and Professor Emeritus of Linguistics and Sanskrit at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign.

Hock holds graduate degrees from Northwestern and Yale universities. His research interests include general historical and comparative linguistics, as well as the linguistics of Sanskrit. He taught general historical linguistics, Indo-European linguistics, Sanskrit, diachronic sociolinguistics, pidgins and creoles, and the history of linguistics. He has served on the Undergraduate Program Committee of the Department of Linguistics since 1993.

Comparative linguistics
Comparative linguistics is a branch of historical linguistics that is concerned with comparing languages to establish their historical relatedness.

Genetic relatedness implies a common origin or proto-language and comparative linguistics aims to construct language families, to reconstruct proto-languages and specify the changes that have resulted in the documented languages. To maintain a clear distinction between attested and reconstructed forms, comparative linguists prefix an asterisk to any form that is not found in surviving texts. A number of methods for carrying out language classification have been developed, ranging from simple inspection to computerised hypothesis testing. Such methods have gone through a long process of development.
Teza Lawrence
Teza Lawrence is a Canadian producer and television writer. She also earned a nomination for the Genie Award for Best Motion Picture for Saint Ralph. She is the Executive Producer and Co-President of Amaze Film and Television. She has worked as an executive producer for the TV shows Call Me Fitz, The Stanley Dynamic, and the 2018 series Carter (TV series).

Call Me Fitz
Call Me Fitz is a Canadian black sitcom comedy drama television series produced by E1 Entertainment, Amaze Film & Television, and Big Motion Pictures.  The half-hour comedy stars Jason Priestley as Richard "Fitz" Fitzpatrick, a morally bankrupt used-car salesman whose consequence-free life is complicated by the arrival of do-gooder Larry (Ernie Grunwald), another salesman who claims he is Fitz's conscience.

The series is co-produced by Movie Central (western Canada) and The Movie Network (central/eastern Canada), for airing on those two channels and their jointly owned channel HBO Canada (Canada wide).  The first thirteen-episode season of the show premiered on HBO Canada in September 2010, with subsequent seasons premiering in September 2011, 2012, and October 2013.

The series was filmed in New Minas, Nova Scotia.
Russia at the 2018 European Championships
Russia competed at the inaugural 7 sports 2018 European Championships held in Berlin, Germany, and Glasgow, United Kingdom from 2 to 12 August 2018. It competed in 5 sports with no athletes in the Athletics and Golf events.

The Aquatics Championships became the country's most successful in the history of the championships in regard to the medal count. The previous record was broken on 9 August 2018, when until then the Russians collected 39 medals, 19 of which were gold medals, 12 silver medals and 8 bronze medals.

Russia topped the medal table at the end of the championships on 12 August 2018 with 31 gold medals and received the European Championships Trophy.

2018 European Championships
The 2018 European Championships were the first edition of the European Championships. It was a multi-sport event which took place in Berlin, Germany, and Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom (with Edinburgh hosting the diving events and Gleneagles the golf) from 2 to 12 August 2018. Around 1,500 athletes competed at the European Athletics Championships in Berlin, whilst at the same time more than 3,000 took part in the other championships in Glasgow. Each European Championship was organised by the respective federation and host city.
Atchison County Courthouse (Kansas)
The Atchison County Courthouse, located at the southwest corner of 5th and Parallel Streets in Atchison, is the seat of government of Atchison County, Kansas. The stone courthouse was built from 1896 to 1897 and replaced the county's first courthouse, which had been built in 1859. County officials wanted the courthouse to resemble the Franklin County Courthouse in Ottawa, so they hired that building's architect, George P. Washburn, to design the new courthouse. Washburn designed the building in the Romanesque Revival style. The courthouse's design features four corner towers, including a seven-story clock tower. The main entrance to the courthouse has a porch within a large arch; the doorway is contained in a smaller arch. The building has a hip roof with intersecting gable dormers; the towers have pyramidal roofs.

The courthouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 16, 1975.

Atchison, Kansas
Atchison is a city in and the county seat of Atchison County, Kansas, United States, along the Missouri River.  As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 10,885.  The city is named in honor of US Senator David Rice Atchison from Missouri and was the original eastern terminus of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway. Atchison is also the home of Benedictine College, a Catholic liberal arts university.
South Burnie, Tasmania
South Burnie is a locality and suburb of Burnie in the local government area of City of Burnie, in the North West region of Tasmania. It is located about 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) south-east of the town of Burnie. The Bass Highway passes from south-east to north-west along the shore of Bass Strait, which forms part of the northern boundary. The Emu River forms part of the eastern boundary. The 2016 census determined a population of 331 for the state suburb of South Burnie.

Emu River (Tasmania)
The Emu River is a perennial river for most of its length, located in the north-western region of Tasmania, Australia. It was named by Henry Hellyer, an early explorer who saw emu tracks in the vicinity.
Point of Ayre, Orkney
There are two other similarly named points in the British Isles: Point of Ayre, Isle of Man and Point of Ayr, Wales.

Point of Ayre is a headland in the parish of Deerness, in the East Mainland of Orkney, Scotland. Overlooking the strait known as the Copinsay Pass, it lies 4 miles (6 km) south of Mull Head, and around 10 miles from Kirkwall, the main town on the island.

At Point of Ayre is a seven-metre thick basalt lava flow. At its top surface are relict gas bubble holes now filled with carbonate. Lower down, the lava has weathered in an "onion-skin" or spheroidal pattern, which is an unusual feature in Orkney.

Spheroidal weathering
Spheroidal weathering is a form of chemical weathering that affects jointed bedrock and results in the formation of concentric or spherical layers of highly decayed rock within weathered bedrock that is known as saprolite. When saprolite is exposed by physical erosion, these concentric layers peel (spall) off as concentric shells much like the layers of a peeled onion. Within saprolite, spheroidal weathering often creates rounded boulders, known as corestones or woolsack, of relatively unweathered rock. Spheroidal weathering is also called onion skin weathering, concentric weathering, spherical weathering, or woolsack weathering.
Passagassawakeag River
The Passagassawakeag River (/pæsəɡæsəˈwɑːkɛɡ, pəˌsɑː-/) is a 16-mile-long (26 km) river in Waldo County, Maine in the United States.  From the outlet of Lake Passagassawakeag (44°30′04″N 69°07′59″W﻿ / ﻿44.5012°N 69.13295°W﻿ / 44.5012; -69.13295﻿ (Passagassawakeag River source)) in Brooks, it runs south and east to its estuary in Belfast, Maine. The river empties into Belfast Bay, an inlet of Penobscot Bay, where it passes under US Route 1.

The waterway's name is of local Native American origin and is believed to mean "a sturgeon's place" or "a place for spearing sturgeon by torchlight."

Brooks, Maine
Brooks is a town in Waldo County, Maine, United States. The population was 1,010 at the 2020 census.

The town was incorporated on December 10, 1816, and was named after John Brooks, the Federalist candidate for Governor of Massachusetts in 1815–1816, when the town incorporated.  The town of Dexter, which incorporated the same year, was named after the opposing candidate Samuel Dexter.  It was during Gov. Brooks' administration that Maine ceased to be a territory of Massachusetts and became a state.
Paraparaumu railway station
Paraparaumu railway station in Paraparaumu on the Kāpiti Coast, New Zealand, is an intermediate station on the Kāpiti Line section of the North Island Main Trunk for Metlink's electric multiple unit commuter trains from Wellington. Paraparaumu was the northern terminal for Kāpiti Line services from 7 May 1983 until 20 February 2011 when the electrification and Kāpiti Line services were extended to Waikanae.

Northern Explorer
The Northern Explorer is a long-distance passenger train operated by the Great Journeys New Zealand division of KiwiRail between Auckland and Wellington in the North Island of New Zealand, along the North Island Main Trunk (NIMT). Three services operate per week in each direction between Auckland's The Strand Station and Wellington railway station. The Northern Explorer replaced the Overlander from 25 June 2012.

It was suspended in December 2021, after suspension in August for COVID-19 lockdown. However, it restarted on 25 September 2022.
Son of Sam I Am
Son of Sam I Am is an album by the American band Too Much Joy, released in 1988. The first single was "Making Fun of Bums". The band supported the album with a North American tour that included shows with Love Tractor. Giant Records released a resequenced version of Son of Sam I Am in 1990. While promoting the rerelease, the band was arrested on obscenity charges for covering 2 Live Crew songs at a show in Broward County. Proceeds from the show were directed to retailers who had been arrested for selling As Nasty as They Wanna Be.

Giant Records
Giant Records was an American record label launched in 1990 as a joint venture between Warner Bros. Records and record executive Irving Azoff. Currently, this name is used as a Swedish label owned by Warner Music Sweden, a Swedish branch of Warner Music Group.
Andrew Holm
Andrew Hair Holm (4 November 1859 – 8 January 1934) was a Scottish footballer who played for Queen's Park and Scotland.

He won the Scottish Cup in 1881, 1882 and 1884 (the latter a walkover) and was selected for the Glasgow select team in addition to three international caps, but quit the game aged 24 to pursue business interests  – he worked as a distiller, and became a director of the company which produced White Horse whisky.

His elder brother John also played for Queen's Park, as well as for Corinthian in England.

1884 Scottish Cup final
The 1884 Scottish Cup Final was scheduled to be the 11th final of the Scottish Cup and the final of the 1883–84 Scottish Cup, the most prestigious knockout football competition in Scotland. Six-time winners Queen's Park were due to face three-time winners Vale of Leven at Cathkin Park in Crosshill (today part of Glasgow) on 23 February 1884.

Following a bereavement, illness and injury, Vale of Leven requested that the match be postponed but this was refused by the SFA. In protest, Vale of Leven did not appear for the final. A subsequent meeting of an SFA committee narrowly decided to award the cup to Queen's Park rather than reorganising the final.
Chūshingura
Chūshingura (忠臣蔵; Japanese pronunciation: [tɕɯː.ɕiŋ.ɡɯ.ɾa, -ŋɯ.ɾa], lit. 'The Treasury of Loyal Retainers')  is the title given to fictionalized accounts in Japanese literature, theater, and film that relate to the historical incident involving the forty-seven rōnin and their mission to avenge the death of their master, Asano Naganori. Including the early Kanadehon Chūshingura (仮名手本忠臣蔵), the story has been told in kabuki, bunraku, stage plays, films, novels, television shows and other media. With ten different television productions in the years 1997–2007 alone, Chūshingura ranks among the most familiar of all historical stories in Japan.

Juken Sentai Gekiranger
Juken Sentai Gekiranger (獣拳戦隊ゲキレンジャー, Jūken Sentai Gekirenjā; Beast Fist Squadron Gekiranger) is Toei Company's thirty-first entry in the Super Sentai metaseries. Production began on September 29, 2006, with principal photography beginning on October 6, 2006. It aired on TV Asahi's 2007 Super Hero Time programming block with Kamen Rider Den-O from February 18, 2007, to February 10, 2008, replacing GoGo Sentai Boukenger and was replaced by Engine Sentai Go-onger.

Its footage was used for the American television series, Power Rangers Jungle Fury. Gekiranger was subtitled into Korean as Power Rangers Wild Spirit for South Korean television.
Shona Thorburn
Shona Thorburn (born August 7, 1982) is a Canadian professional basketball player, formerly a point guard for the Seattle Storm of the WNBA.

Thorburn is a graduate of Westdale Secondary School in Hamilton, Ontario. She later attended college at the University of Utah and graduated in 2006. Following her collegiate career, she was selected 7th overall in the 2006 WNBA draft by the Minnesota Lynx.

Most of Thorburn's rookie season was spent on the bench.  She never got into the Lynx rotation and averaged just 0.8 points, 0.9 assists and 6.6 minutes in 21 games.  On May 14, 2007, she was released by the Lynx.

Thorburn signed a 7-day contract with the Seattle Storm in July 2007, but was released when the term expired.

Minnesota Lynx
The Minnesota Lynx are an American professional basketball team based in Minneapolis. The Lynx compete in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) as a member of the Western Conference. The team won the WNBA title in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2017.

Founded prior to the 1999 season, the team was owned by Glen Taylor, who was also the majority owner of the Lynx' NBA counterpart, the Minnesota Timberwolves, from 1999 to 2025. The current owners of the Lynx are Alex Rodriguez and Marc Lore. The franchise has been home to players such as Katie Smith, Seimone Augustus, Minnesota native Lindsay Whalen, Maya Moore, Rebekkah Brunson, and Sylvia Fowles.

The Lynx have qualified for the WNBA playoffs in 15 of their 26 years.
Bibliogram
A bibliogram is a graphical representation of the frequency of certain target words, usually noun phrases, in a given text. The term was introduced in 2005 by Howard D. White to name the linguistic object studied, but not previously named, in informetrics, scientometrics and bibliometrics. The noun phrases in the ranking may be authors, journals, subject headings, or other indexing terms. The "stretches of text” may be a book, a set of related articles, a subject bibliography, a set of Web pages, and so on. Bibliograms are always generated from writings, usually from scholarly or scientific literature.

Howard D. White
Howard D. White (born June 15, 1936 in Salt Lake City, Utah) is a scientist in library and information science with a focus on informetrics and scientometrics.

He has published on bibliometrics and co-citation analysis, evaluation of reference services, expert systems for reference work, innovative online searching, social science data archives, library publicity, American attitudes toward library censorship, and literature retrieval for meta-analysis and interdisciplinary studies.

After taking his Ph.D in librarianship at the University of California, Berkeley, in 1974, White joined the Drexel University College of Information Science and Technology, where he is now professor emeritus.
Fort Carré
See Stade du Fort Carré for the sports stadium.

Fort Carré, often called the Fort Carré d'Antibes, is a 16th-century star-shaped fort of four arrow-head shaped bastions that stands on a 26-meter high promontory in  Antibes, France. Henry II ordered construction of the fort in the 16th century at a time when Antibes was situated on a tense border with the Duchy of Savoy. During the 17th century, the Marquis de Vauban redeveloped it. The Fort was decommissioned in the early 20th century.

Duchy of Savoy
The Duchy of Savoy was a territorial entity of the Savoyard state that existed from 1416 until 1847 and was a possession of the House of Savoy.
It was created when Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor, raised the County of Savoy into a duchy for Amadeus VIII. The duchy was an Imperial fief, subject of the Holy Roman Empire, until 1792, with a vote in the Imperial Diet. From the 16th century, Savoy belonged to the Upper Rhenish Circle.

Its territory included the current French departments of Savoie, Haute-Savoie, and the Alpes-Maritimes, the current Italian region of Aosta Valley, a large part of Piedmont and the County of Geneva in Switzerland, which was then lost to the Old Swiss Confederacy. The main Vulgar languages that were spoken within the Duchy of Savoy were Arpitan and Piedmontese.
Daniel Grant (politician)
Daniel Grant (26 September 1826 - ?) was an English printer and Liberal politician who sat in the House of Commons from 1880 to 1885.

Grant was the son of Captain Daniel Grant of South Shields. He was educated at the Upper School of the Royal Hospital Greenwich. He founded the printing firm of Grant and Co of Turnmill Street, Clerkenwell and was principal partner for many years. He was a member of the Sylvan Debating Club.

In 1868 and 1874 Grant stood unsuccessfully for parliament at Marylebone. At the 1880 general election he was elected one of two Members of parliament for Marylebone and held the seat until 1885. Following the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885 the old constituency of Marylebone was divided into a number of single-member constituencies. At the 1885 general election Grant was the Liberal candidate at Marylebone East, but was defeated by his Conservative opponent, Lord Charles Beresford.

Marylebone East
Marylebone East was a borough constituency located in the Metropolitan Borough of St Marylebone, in London.  It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

The constituency was created under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, and was formerly part of the two-seat Marylebone constituency. It was abolished for the 1918 general election.
Mahavatar Babaji
Mahavatar Babaji (IAST: Mahāvatāra Bābājī; lit. 'Great Avatar (Revered) Father') is a legendary immortal yogi and guru, who is said to be living in the Himalayas. He is said to have taught multiple revered historic yogis, including Lahiri Mahasaya (1828–1895). Babaji first became recognised through the writings of Paramahansa Yogananda, who devoted a chapter of his Autobiography of a Yogi to Babaji and founded Self-Realization Fellowship, a modern yoga movement that Babaji is associated with. The cave where Babaji met Lahiri Mahasaya, located near Ranikhet, is now a tourist attraction and place of pilgrimage in India.: 170

There is little historical information about Babaji. According to Yogananda, Babaji has intentionally kept his birthplace and birthdate a secret.

Ranikhet
Ranikhet (Kumaoni: Rānikhèt) is a hill station and cantonment town, near Almora Town in Almora district in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. It is the home of the Military Hospital, Kumaon Regiment (KRC) and  Naga Regiment and is maintained by the Indian Army.

Ranikhet is at an altitude of 1,869 metres (6,132 ft) above sea level, within sight of the western peaks of the Himalayas. Ranikhet is a Class IV town with a civic status of a Cantonment board.
EBOH
Eendracht Brengt Ons Hoger (EBOH) is a Dutch current amateur and former professional association football club from Dordrecht. The club was founded in 1921 and played in professional football from 1954 to 1962. Its first squad currently plays in the Tweede Klasse E (Saturday) 2024-2025.

Dordrecht
Dordrecht (Dutch: [ˈdɔrdrɛxt] ⓘ), historically known in English as Dordt (still colloquially used in Dutch, pronounced [dɔrt] ⓘ) or Dort, is a city and municipality in the Western Netherlands, located in the province of South Holland. It is the province's fifth-largest city after Rotterdam, The Hague, Leiden, and Zoetermeer, with a population of 123,000 (2025).

The municipality covers the entire Dordrecht Island, also often called Het Eiland van Dordt ("the Island of Dordt"), bordered by the rivers Oude Maas, Beneden Merwede, Nieuwe Merwede, Hollands Diep, and Dordtsche Kil. Dordrecht is the largest and most important city in the Drechtsteden and is also part of the Randstad, the main conurbation in the Netherlands.

Dordrecht is the oldest city in Holland and has a rich history and culture.
Heusden, Belgium
Heusden was a municipality located in the Belgian province of East Flanders.  In 1977 it merged with the municipality of Destelbergen, of which it is now part.

It was mentioned for the first time in the 11th century, by abbot Othejbold. Years after the invasion by the Norsemen, the municipality fell into the hands of the Lords of Heusden. Because of the marriage of Beatrix of Heusden with Zeger III (viscount of Ghent) in 1212, the seat of the viscountship of Ghent moved to Heusden. Until the end of the Ancien Régime Heusden stayed property of the viscounts of Ghent. In 1247 the Cistercian Abbey of Nieuwenbosch settled in Heusden. This cloister flourished until it was destroyed by the Iconoclasts in 1578. After this the sisters moved to Ghent. Because Heusden was a part of the belt of defence around Ghent, it was looted many times during the Middle Ages.

This rich history has resulted in a number of castles dotting the area.

East Flanders
East Flanders (Dutch: Oost-Vlaanderen [ˌoːst ˈflaːndərə(n)] ⓘ; French: Flandre-Orientale [flɑ̃dʁ ɔʁjɑ̃tal] ⓘ; German: Ostflandern [ˈɔstˌflandɐn] ⓘ; West Flemish: Ôost-Vloandern) is a province of Belgium. It borders (clockwise from the North) the Dutch province of Zeeland and the Belgian provinces of Antwerp, Flemish Brabant, Hainaut and West Flanders. It has an area of 3,007 km2 (1,161 sq mi), divided into six administrative districts containing 60 municipalities, and a population of over 1.57 million as of January 2024. The capital is Ghent, home to the Ghent University and the Port of Ghent.
Micia
Micia was initially a large Roman fort for auxiliary troops outside which a large town developed. The archaeological site is located in the commune of Vețel,  Hunedoara County in Transylvania, Romania.

It was important as it monitored and secured the road to the centre of Transylvania and the river route along the frontier to Partiscum, today Szeged, Hungary as well as supervising the adjacent mining area. In addition, there was a strategically important river port.

In the civil settlement were large baths and a small amphitheatre. The large number of ancient inscriptions are significant.

Every year a Roman reenactment festival, Micia Rediviva, is held on the archaeological site.

Vețel
Vețel (Hungarian: Vecel; German: Witzel) is a commune in Hunedoara County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of ten villages: Boia Bârzii (Bojabirz), Bretelin (Brettyelin), Căoi (Káun), Herepeia (Filimon Sîrbu between 1948 and 1964; Herepe), Leșnic (Lesnyek), Mintia (Marosnémeti; Bayersdorf), Muncelu Mare (Nagymuncsel), Muncelu Mic (Kismuncsel), Runcu Mic (Erdőhátrunk) and Vețel.

At the 2002 census, 91.6% of the population were Romanians, 4.7% Hungarians and 3.6% Roma. 87.8% were Romanian Orthodox, 4.4% Pentecostal, 3.1% Roman Catholic, 2.1% Baptist and 1.7% Reformed.

Mintia village is the site of the Mintia-Deva Power Station.