hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lambert Latham
Lambert Latham (1768 – September 6, 1781) was an American soldier who fought during the American Revolutionary War at the battle at Fort Griswold in Groton, Connecticut on September 6, 1781.  After his commander, Colonel William Ledyard, was killed, Latham continued to fight on and sustained 33 injuries in hand-to-hand combat. Latham subsequently died of his wounds.

Groton, Connecticut
Groton (/ˈɡrɒtən/ GRAH-tən) is a town in New London County, Connecticut, located on the Thames River. It is the home of General Dynamics Electric Boat, which is the major contractor for submarine work for the United States Navy. The Naval Submarine Base New London is located in Groton, and the pharmaceutical company Pfizer is also a major employer. Avery Point in Groton is home to a regional campus of the University of Connecticut. The town is part of the Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 38,411 at the 2020 census.
D Ranch Preserve
D Ranch Preserve is a nature preserve in Osteen, Volusia County, in the US state of Florida. It has trails for hiking and birdwatching. As of 2025, the park is open dawn to dusk.

Once part of a cattle ranch, the 476-acre (193-hectare) preserve is along Reed Ellis Road and Florida State Road 415. Habitats at the preserve include pine flatwoods, wetlands, and oak hammocks. Wildlife include Florida black bear, gopher tortoise, tree frogs, sandhill cranes and bald eagle. Plant species include longleaf pine and beautyberry.

The preserve is operated by Conservation Florida, a private conservation trust. The land was protected as a preserve in 2019, and opened to the public in the spring of 2025. In September of the same year, plans for a $2.5 million nature center on the property were announced.

Gopher tortoise
The gopher tortoise (Gopherus polyphemus) is a species of tortoise in the family Testudinidae. The species is native to the southeastern United States. The gopher tortoise is seen as a keystone species because it digs burrows that provide shelter for at least 360 other animal species. G. polyphemus is threatened by predation and habitat destruction. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species lists the gopher tortoise as "vulnerable", primarily because of habitat degradation; the animals are considered threatened in some states while they are endangered in others.

The gopher tortoise is a representative of the genus Gopherus, which contains the only tortoises native to North America. The gopher tortoise is the state reptile of Georgia and the state tortoise of Florida.
The Voice of Finland season 1
The Voice of Finland (season 1) was the first season of the Finnish reality singing competition based on the international The Voice format. The season premiered on Nelonen on December 30, 2011, and concluded on April 20, 2012.

The coaches were legendary singer Paula Koivuniemi, glam rock singer Michael Monroe, former Lauri Tähkä & Elonkerjuu frontman Lauri Tähkä, and rapper Elastinen. Axl Smith hosted the program, with Kristiina Komulainen serving as the backstage and social networking correspondent.

The winner of the first season was Mikko Sipola, mentored by Elastinen. The runner-up was Saara Aalto.

Lauri Tähkä
Jarkko Tapani Suo, professionally known as Lauri Tähkä (born November 9, 1973, in Vaasa, Finland), is a Finnish musician and recording artist. He was a leading member in the former band Lauri Tähkä & Elonkerjuu.

Growing up he listened to Kiss, Iron Maiden, the Finnish band Eppu Normaali, the works of Ismo Alanko as well as Kauko Röyhkä. Tähkä found his musical identity in a cross between rock and national ballads. With his cousin Simo Ralli he created "Niin kauan minä tramppaan" (I'll trek as long as), which won the "Lapuan Spelit" competition.

The Elonkerjuu band's home base was Teuva, Finland. Currently Lauri Tähkä is making a solo career. His first album, Polte, was released in October, 2011.
Boise School District
The Boise School District #1 is one of 115 public school districts in Idaho, United States. The Boise School District serves a 456 square mile area of Ada County and is headquartered in Boise, Idaho. The district was founded in 1865 under the auspices of Idaho Territory. Formerly the largest school district in the state, it now ranks second to the adjacent West Ada School District #2, which administers several schools in western Boise. Peak enrollment in the Boise School District was reached in 1997 at 27,070.

The Boise School District #1 is the second-oldest school system in Idaho. The oldest is in Lewiston, founded three years earlier by the Washington Territory government.

Current-year tax rates for all Idaho school districts are available on the Idaho State Department of Education website.

Idaho Territory
The Territory of Idaho was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 3, 1863, until July 3, 1890, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as Idaho.
Eobacterium
Eobacterium is a fossil genus of probable bacteria from the Fig Tree Formation in South Africa. It lived during the Paleoarchean era, around 3.277–3.225 Ga, making it one of the oldest known organisms if it is valid. The discovery of Eobacterium and other Fig Tree organisms such as Archaeosphaeroides in the 1960s helped prove that life existed over three billion years ago.

The genus is monospecific, and contains one species, Eobacterium isolatum.

Paleoarchean
The Paleoarchean (/ˌpeɪlioʊ.ɑːrˈkiːən, ˌpæl-/ PAY-lee-oh-ar-KEE-ən, PAL-), also spelled Palaeoarchaean (formerly known as the early Archean), is a geologic era within the Archean Eon. The name derives from Greek "Palaios" ancient. It spans the period of time 3,600 to 3,200 million years ago. The era is defined chronometrically and is not referenced to a specific level of a rock section on Earth. The earliest confirmed evidence of life comes from this era, and Vaalbara, one of Earth's earliest supercontinents, may have formed during this era.
Almenevo
Almenevo (Russian: Альменево) is the name of several rural localities in Russia:

Almenevo, Kozlovsky District, Chuvash Republic, a village in Yangildinskoye Rural Settlement of Kozlovsky District of the Chuvash Republic

Almenevo, Vurnarsky District, Chuvash Republic, a selo in Yermoshkinskoye Rural Settlement of Vurnarsky District of the Chuvash Republic

Almenevo, Kurgan Oblast, a selo in Almenevsky Selsoviet of Almenevsky District of Kurgan Oblast

Chuvashia
Chuvashia, officially known as Chuvash Republic — Chuvashia, is a republic of Russia located in Eastern Europe. It is the homeland of the Chuvash people. The republic's capital city is the city of Cheboksary. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 1,251,619.
Whizgig
Whizgig (1819–1840) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare who won the classic 1000 Guineas at Newmarket in 1822. In a racing career which lasted from April 1822 until May 1824 she ran fourteen times and won seven races. Unraced as a two-year-old, Whizgig won six of her seven races in 1822, her only defeat coming in the Oaks Stakes. She remained in training for a further two seasons, but was less successful, winning only one more race. She later became a successful broodmare.

British Classic Races
The British Classics are five long-standing Group 1 horse races run during the traditional flat racing season. They are restricted to three-year-old horses, and traditionally represent the pinnacle of achievement for racehorses against their own age group. As such, victory in any classic marks a horse as amongst the very best of a generation. Victory in two or even three of the series (a rare feat known as the Triple Crown) marks a horse as truly exceptional.
Counter-majoritarian difficulty
The counter-majoritarian difficulty (sometimes counter-majoritarian dilemma) is a perceived problem with judicial review of legislative (or popularly-created) laws. As the term suggests, some oppose or see a problem with the judicial branch's ability to invalidate, overrule, or countermand laws that reflect the will of the majority.

The counter-majoritarian difficulty is often raised in discussions of United States constitutional law, particularly to discuss the relationship between federalism and fundamental rights.

Judiciary
The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law in legal cases.
Oscar Thomas
Oscar Thomas (born 1994) is a Scotland international rugby league footballer who last played as a stand-off, scrum-half or fullback for Keighley Cougars in the RFL League 1.

Thomas previously played for the London Broncos, London Skolars, Bradford Bulls and the Sheffield Eagles.

Batley Bulldogs
The Batley Bulldogs are an English professional rugby league club in Batley, West Yorkshire, who play in the Championship. Batley were one of the original twenty-two rugby football clubs that formed the Northern Rugby Football Union in 1895. They were League Champions in 1924 and have won three Challenge Cups.
2019 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification – UEFA Group 7
UEFA Group 7 of the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification competition consisted of five teams: Spain, Austria, Finland, Serbia, and Israel (which advanced from the preliminary round). The composition of the seven groups in the qualifying group stage was decided by the draw held on 25 April 2017, with the teams seeded according to their coefficient ranking.

The group was played in home-and-away round-robin format between 19 September 2017 and 4 September 2018. The group winners qualified for the final tournament, while the runners-up advanced to the play-offs if they were one of the four best runners-up among all seven groups (not counting results against the fifth-placed team).

2019 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification
The 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup qualification process decided all 24 teams which played in the 2019 FIFA Women's World Cup, with the hosts France qualifying automatically. It is the eighth FIFA Women's World Cup, the quadrennial international women's football world championship tournament. The tournament is the third to be hosted in Europe, after the 1995 FIFA Women's World Cup in Sweden and the 2011 FIFA Women's World Cup in Germany.
Pinnacle Films
Pinnacle Films is a film distribution company and film studios, located in Helensvale, Gold Coast, Australia.

Pinnacle Films manages theatrical, digital and physical releases of both Australian and international films within Australia, New Zealand and the South Pacific Islands.

Pinnacle Films Studios is Pinnacle Films’ independent production facility. Feature film and television productions housed at the studios have included Mortal Kombat II, The Portable Door and Young Rock, plus numerous independent films.

Film distribution
Film distribution, also called film exhibition or film distribution and exhibition, is the process of making a film available for viewing to an audience. This is normally the task of a professional film distributor, who would determine the marketing and release strategy for the film, the media by which a film is to be exhibited or made available for viewing and other matters. The film may be exhibited directly to the public either through a movie theater, physical media (DVD, Blu-ray), digital download/transactional video on demand (VOD) (sale or rental), subscription VOD (e.g. Amazon Prime Video, Apple TV+, Disney+, Netflix) or television programs through broadcast syndication. For commercial projects, film distribution is usually accompanied by film promotion.
Highlander: Endgame
Highlander: Endgame is a 2000 American fantasy action film directed by Doug Aarniokoski and starring Adrian Paul, Christopher Lambert, Bruce Payne, and Lisa Barbuscia. It is the fourth theatrical release in the Highlander film series and serves as a continuation of the film Highlander (1986) and the television series of the same name (including the latter's spin-off Highlander: The Raven). The film reunites Duncan MacLeod, the lead character of the series, and Connor MacLeod, the lead character of the films. In the film, the Macleods need to deal against a new enemy named Jacob Kell, a powerful immortal who is willing to break any rule to win the Prize.

Highlander: Endgame marks Lambert's fifth and final appearance as Connor. Highlander: Endgame was released on September 1, 2000. A stand-alone sequel, Highlander: The Source was released seven years later, with Paul reprising his role.

Glenfinnan
Glenfinnan (Scottish Gaelic: Gleann Fhionnain [klan̪ˠˈʝũn̪ˠɛɲ]) is a hamlet in Lochaber area of the Highlands of Scotland. In 1745 the Jacobite rising began here when Prince Charles Edward Stuart ("Bonnie Prince Charlie") raised his standard on the shores of Loch Shiel. Seventy years later, the 18 m (60 ft) Glenfinnan Monument, at the head of the loch, was erected to commemorate the historic event.
Department of Communications and Digital Technologies
The Department of Communications and Digital Technologies (formerly the Department of Telecommunications and Postal Services and the Department of Communications) is one of the departments of the South African government. It is responsible for overseeing the South African communications, telecommunications, broadcasting, and postal industries.

The political head of the department is the Minister of Communications and Digital Technologies, who is assisted by a deputy minister. As of August 2021 the minister is Khumbudzo Ntshavheni and her deputy is Philly Mapulane.

In 2014, then-President Jacob Zuma renamed the original Department of Communications to the Department of Telecommunications and Postal Services, at the same time creating a new Department of Communications with different responsibilities, including propaganda.

In June 2019, President Cyril Ramaphosa announced that the two departments would be merged to create the Department of Communications and Digital Technologies.

Mail
The mail or post is a system for physically transporting postcards, letters, and parcels. A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems. Since the mid-19th century, national postal systems have generally been established as a government monopoly, with a fee on the article prepaid. Proof of payment is usually in the form of an adhesive postage stamp, but a postage meter is also used for bulk mailing.

Postal authorities often have functions aside from transporting letters. In some countries, a postal, telegraph and telephone (PTT) service oversees the postal system, in addition to telephone and telegraph systems. Some countries' postal systems allow for savings accounts and handle applications for passports.

The Universal Postal Union (UPU), established in 1874, includes 192 member countries and sets the rules for international mail exchanges as a Specialized Agency of the United Nations.
G6521 Yulin–Lantian Expressway
The G6521 Yulan Expressway (Chinese: 榆蓝高速公路; pinyin: Yú lán gāosù gōnglù), also known as the Yulin-Lantian Expressway (Chinese: 榆林蓝田高速公路; pinyin: Yúlín Lántián gāosù gōnglù), is an expressway travelling from Yulin to Lantian County in Xi'an. It runs parallel to the G65 Baotou-Maoming Expressway.

The Yulan Expressway runs south from Suide County in Yulin through Yanchuan County, Yanchang County, Yichuan County, Huanglong County, Baishui County, and Pucheng County, before terminating in Yushan, Lantian County.

Yichuan County, Shaanxi
Yichuan County (simplified Chinese: 宜川县; traditional Chinese: 宜川縣; pinyin: Yíchuān Xiàn) is a county in northern Shaanxi Province, China, bordering Shanxi province to the east across the Yellow River. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Yan'an. The county spans an area of 2,937.2 square kilometres (1,134.1 sq mi), and has a population of 117,900 as of 2012.
Mozambique drill
The Mozambique drill, also known as the failure drill, failure to stop drill, or informally as "two to the body, one to the head", is a close-quarters shooting technique that requires the shooter to fire twice into the torso of a target (known as a double tap or hammered pair to the center of mass), and follow up with a more difficult shot to the head that, if properly placed, should kill or otherwise stop the target if the previous shots failed to do so.

Shooting
Shooting is the act or process of discharging a projectile from a ranged weapon (such as a gun, bow, crossbow, slingshot, or blowpipe). Even the acts of launching flame, artillery, darts, harpoons, grenades, rockets, and guided missiles can be considered acts of shooting.  When using a firearm, the act of shooting is often called firing as it involves initiating a combustion (deflagration) of chemical propellants.

Shooting can take place in a shooting range or in the field, in shooting sports, hunting, or in combat.  The person involved in the shooting activity is called a shooter.  A skilled, accurate shooter is a marksman or sharpshooter, and a person's level of shooting proficiency is referred to as their marksmanship.
Live at the Boston Garden: April 5, 1968
Live at the Boston Garden: April 5, 1968 is a concert film starring James Brown. Recorded at the Boston Garden by WGBH-TV the night after the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr., it was broadcast live in an effort to quell potential riots in the city. The recording circulated as a bootleg before it was officially released on DVD by Shout! Factory in 2008 as part of the box set I Got the Feelin': James Brown in the '60s. It received a stand-alone release in 2009.

The concert was the subject of the 2008 PBS/VH-1 documentary The Night James Brown Saved Boston, directed by David Leaf and a chapter of Common Ground by J. Anthony Lukas.

King assassination riots
The King assassination riots, also known as the Holy Week Uprising, were a wave of civil disturbance which swept across the United States following the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. on April 4, 1968. Some of the biggest riots took place in Washington, D.C., Baltimore, Chicago, and Kansas City.
Emerald fracture zone
The Emerald fracture zone (62°S 170°E﻿ / ﻿62°S 170°E﻿ / -62; 170) is an undersea fracture zone running the distance from the southwest corner of the Campbell Plateau to the northern tip of Iselin Bank. The name was proposed by Dr. Steven C. Cande of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography for the vessel Emerald, which traversed this region in 1821, and was approved by the Advisory Committee for Undersea Features in June 1997. The Emerald Basin to its northwest (not to be confused with the other Emerald Basin which lies off of Halifax, Nova Scotia, in the North Atlantic) was named from the same source. Some have restricted the name to the southern east west orientated transform fault zone but the north south orientated faults that define the eastern boundary of the Emerald Basin are generally included in the literature.

Macquarie triple junction
The Macquarie triple junction is a geologically active tectonic boundary located at 61°30′S 161°0′E﻿ / ﻿61.500°S 161.000°E﻿ / -61.500; 161.000 at which the historic Indo-Australian plate, Pacific plate, and Antarctic plate collide and interact. The term triple junction is given to particular tectonic boundaries at which three separate tectonic plates meet at a specific, singular location. The Macquarie triple junction is located on the seafloor of the southern region of the Pacific Ocean, just south of New Zealand. This tectonic boundary was named in respect to the nearby Macquarie Island, which is located southeast of New Zealand.
Valladolid, Yucatán
Valladolid (Spanish: [baʝaðoˈlið] ⓘ; Sakiʼ in Maya) is a city located in the eastern region of the Mexican state of Yucatán. It is the seat of Valladolid Municipality. As of the 2020 census the population of the city was 56,494 inhabitants (the third-largest community in the state after Kanasín), and that of the municipality was 85,460. Valladolid is located approximately 170 km (105 mi) east of the state capital Mérida, 40 km (25 mi) east of Chichén Itzá, and 150 km (93 mi) west of Cancún.

On August 30, 2012, Valladolid became part of the Pueblos Mágicos promotional initiative led by the federal Secretariat of Tourism.

Secretariat of Tourism
The Mexican Secretary of Tourism (Spanish: Secretaría de Turismo, SECTUR) is the government department in charge of the nation's tourism promotion and development. The Secretary is appointed by the President of the Republic and is a member of the federal executive cabinet.

The department conducts the development policy for national tourist activity and promotes tourist development zones in conjunction with the states.
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 282
Papyrus Oxyrhynchus 282 (P. Oxy. 282 or P. Oxy. II 282) is a fragment of a complaint against a wife, in Greek. It was discovered in Oxyrhynchus. The manuscript, written on papyrus in the form of a sheet, is dated between 26 January 29 – 22 May 37. It is housed in the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library (P. CtYBR 40) of the Yale University in New Haven.

Papyrus
Papyrus (/pəˈpaɪrəs/ pə-PY-rəs) is a material similar to thick paper that was used in ancient times as a writing material. It was made from the pith of the papyrus plant, Cyperus papyrus, a wetland sedge. Papyrus (plural: papyri or papyruses) can also refer to a document written on sheets of such material, joined side by side and rolled up into a scroll, an early form of a book.

Papyrus was first known to have been used in Egypt (at least as far back as the First Dynasty), as the papyrus plant was once abundant across the Nile Delta. It was also used throughout the Mediterranean region. Apart from writing material, ancient Egyptians employed papyrus in the construction of other artifacts, such as reed boats, mats, rope, sandals, and baskets.
2001 Race of Champions
The 2001 Race of Champions took place on December 7 to 9 at Gran Canaria. It was the 14th running of the event, and the 10th running at Gran Canaria. There was a slight format change for this year – The International Masters event was replaced by the Junior Masters event, open to rally drivers under the age of 30. Seeding for the main Race of Champions event was no longer awarded on the basis of having won a WRC title, but places were awarded for having posted the fastest times in the Nations Cup.

The vehicles used were the Peugeot 206 WRC, the Mitsubishi Lancer Evolution VI WRC, the SEAT Córdoba WRC, the Saab 93 Rallycross car and the ROC Buggy.

The individual competition was won by Harri Rovanpera, whilst the Nations Cup was won by Spain with Fernando Alonso, Jesús Puras and Rubén Xaus.

Jesús Puras
Jesús Puras Vidal de la Peña (born March 16 1963), also known as 'Chus Puras', is a Spanish rally driver active in the World Rally Championship from 1991 to 2002. Puras was well known for his blistering performances on tarmac rallies.